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Garage Sales, Dec. 1-2 - Top News - Syosset, NY Patch
Garage Sales, Dec. 1-2
Are you looking for furniture or a microwave? Do you want electronics or a kiln? Patch can help you find what you’re looking for. We’ve put together a list of some of the sales around the Town of Oyster Bay this weekend to bring sellers and shoppers together. Syosset – St. Bede's Episcopal Church, 220 Berry Hill Rd.Saturday, 10 a.m.- 2 p.m. Huge indoor jewelry sale and flea market benefiting Last Hope Animal Rescue's programs, including food, medical, fix a ferrel and more. Syosset – 105 Elliman PlaceFriday, Saturday
Items include bedroom sets, Hammond upright piano, grandfather clock, antique porcelain dolls, American Girl doll and accessories, clothes, sofa, books, bookcases, records, linen, more. East Norwich – 18 Ridge Rock LaneSaturday, Sunday, 10 a.m.-3 p.m.
Items include furniture, including mid-century designer (Knoll, AI, Dunbar) pieces. Also tables, chairs, cabinets, outdoor furniture, storage, and office furniture. In addition, rugs, artwork, toys, kitchen gadgets, ping pong table, classic Flexible Flyer sled. Photography equipment and vintage photography magazines. Tons of books on all subjects, especially history, biography, classics, World War ll.
Plainview – 62 Lent DriveSaturday, 8 a.m.-3 p.m.
Contents of large home for sale. Items include unique painted curio and grandmother clock, living room couch, chairs and end tables, collectibles, bric-a-brac, master bedroom, large collection of artwork including signed Leroy Neiman, Kinkade, prints, painting, furs, sports memorabilia, snow blower, power and hand tools, craftsman tool cabinet, Rubbermaid outdoor storage units, patio set and swing, Weber grill, yard equipment, teens bedroom, highriser,denim sofa and reclining loveseat, window treatments, mens watches, iron gates, clothing, shoes, luggage, golf equipment, shop vac, file cabinets, floor lamps, mirror, rugs, TV, speakers, electronics, server, fireplace equipment, entertainment center, and desk.
Massapequa Park – 10 Jefferson AvenueSunday, 9 a.m.-3 p.m.
Items include vintage Pioneer speakers, Teac Reel to Reel, Sansui AM/FM Stereo Tuner Amplifier, JVC stereo cassette deck, Sony turntable, ProForm Crosswalk treadmill, free weights, new cashmere men's sweaters and more.
Sea Cliff – United Methodist Church of Sea Cliff, 63 Downing Ave.Saturday, 10 a.m.-4 p.m.
A Christmas fair that includes toys, many of them brand new. Also Pioneer Stereo, small electronics Grandmas Attic, White Elephants, designer handbags, jewelry, home baked goods, holiday decorations, more. | [
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Majority logic decoding - Wikipedia
In error detection and correction, majority logic decoding is a method to decode repetition codes, based on the assumption that the largest number of occurrences of a symbol was the transmitted symbol.
In a binary alphabet made of 0 , 1 {\displaystyle 0,1} , if a ( n , 1 ) {\displaystyle (n,1)} repetition code is used, then each input bit is mapped to the code word as a string of n {\displaystyle n} -replicated input bits. Generally n = 2 t + 1 {\displaystyle n=2t+1} , an odd number.
The repetition codes can detect up to [ n / 2 ] {\displaystyle [n/2]} transmission errors. Decoding errors occur when the more than these transmission errors occur. Thus, assuming bit-transmission errors are independent, the probability of error for a repetition code is given by P e = ∑ k = n + 1 2 n ( n k ) ϵ k ( 1 − ϵ ) ( n − k ) {\displaystyle P_{e}=\sum _{k={\frac {n+1}{2}}}^{n}{n \choose k}\epsilon ^{k}(1-\epsilon )^{(n-k)}} , where ϵ {\displaystyle \epsilon } is the error over the transmission channel.
The code word is ( n , 1 ) {\displaystyle (n,1)} , where n = 2 t + 1 {\displaystyle n=2t+1} , an odd number.
Calculate the d H {\displaystyle d_{H}} Hamming weight of the repetition code.
if d H ≤ t {\displaystyle d_{H}\leq t} , decode code word to be all 0's
if d H ≥ t + 1 {\displaystyle d_{H}\geq t+1} , decode code word to be all 1's
In a ( n , 1 ) {\displaystyle (n,1)} code, if R=[1 0 1 1 0], then it would be decoded as,
n = 5 , t = 2 {\displaystyle n=5,t=2} , d H = 3 {\displaystyle d_{H}=3} , so R'=[1 1 1 1 1]
Hence the transmitted message bit was 1.
Rice University, https://web.archive.org/web/20051205194451/http://cnx.rice.edu/content/m0071/latest/
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Majority_logic_decoding&oldid=820197499"
This page was last edited on 13 January 2018, at 16:17 (UTC). | [
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Treatment Action Campaign Demos in NYC, DC on 8/24 | Lift While Climbing
Treatment Action Campaign Demos in NYC, DC on 8/24
In Economic Justice, International politics, International Public Health, International Trade, Laws & Regulation, Misc., New York City, Sexuality, US Politics on August 21, 2006 at 2:59 pm
From an ally working with TAC:
A protest will be held on Thursday, August 24th, in New York City in front of the Permanent Mission of South Africa to the United Nations. This is in solidarity with the Global Day of Action called by the Treatment Action Campaign of South Africa.
Other actions are happening at other South African government buildings in the U.S., and the NYC action will be similar to these. We will picket in front of South Africa’s Mission to the UN and then deliver a letter of demands. Thanks to Student Global AIDS Campaign for coordinating the media outreach and helping organize the D.C. action!
Time: 1:00 PM (please arrive a few minutes early), Thursday, August 24th
Location: 333 East 38th Street (between 2nd and 1st Avenues), NYC
Contact lucio_verani(at)yahoo.com with questions.
Do your best to make it out to this event — This group has been doing amazing work, and they need your support.
« Before Dems Fundraising for Redistricting August 18, 2006 AfterAl-Queda’s Your New Landlord; or, Pass Me the Purell Strawberry Scented Hand Sanitizer August 22, 2006 » Archives | [
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Carl Sandburg & “The Passionate Seizure of Beauty” | literary lew
Carl Sandburg & “The Passionate Seizure of Beauty”
I live and I write on the surface of things. My heart yearns to swim in the depths of life’s mysteries but that does not appear to be my calling. I know about these mysteries but I know about them with detachment; or, to borrow a line from Hamlet, I “stand in the rear of my affection, out of the shot and danger of desire.” I am not diminishing myself. I am what I am. Or, as Popeye put it, “I yam what I yam!”
But as I meet dear friends in the blog-o-sphere, I deeply admire those of you who have such creative power and can write with such elegance and poetic brilliance. You are at home in the “sounding foam of primal things”, you “dabble in the blood and guts of the terrible”, and you know “the passionate seizure of beauty.” These lines are borrowed from a Carl Sandburg poem which I now share:
This entry was posted in poetry and prose, religion and spirituality and tagged Carl Sandburg, Chicago Poems, faith, William Shakespeare on September 25, 2012 by literarylew.
← My Anti-Catholic Indoctrination The elusive captivity of Truth →
6 thoughts on “Carl Sandburg & “The Passionate Seizure of Beauty””
InnerDialect September 26, 2012 at 3:55 am
OBJECT ! U do NOT write from the surface of things. No sir.
U write about the fine sand between rock, .
Yes… you do not dabble with the blood and gore,
you yar what you yar…
and might often stand in the rear of your affection,
but also where it matters … with your deepest desk .. where your dogs ‘ slay you” and ‘ ma in law’s gardens ‘ provoke amazing thoughts…
poetry and passion , beauty are perhaps over rated , abused ?
Beauty for me is that rugged cross, power is that empty grave, passion is Jesus weeping at Lazarus’ : its what we feel for each other as brothers ; the fuel that pulls people together…
its why we love humanity and canine angels, its why we do not compromise or destroy
i hardly see you as detached to what you write about. Forgive me, just my comment ;
in Lieu of some amazing Literatti here…( couldnt reisistthat :)))
literary lew Post author September 26, 2012 at 8:56 pm
Thank you so much. I just love to hear from you. You are so quick-witted! Yes, I guess I’m not as detached as I let on but I would love to swim down there “in the sounding foam of things” from time to time. I’m probably too fragile to handle it!
InnerDialect September 27, 2012 at 4:39 am
Fragile is such a powered thing. No please dont mind ppl like me rambling on. I go thru yearrrrsss of silence, then chatter. I hardly spoke first half of my life, so the need to make up for it. You are doing just awesome. Please do not re-arrange the way you emote.
I envy such calm. Must give myself some time out ! God really BLESS you and your precious Blog. Am sure He writes with you.
literary lew Post author September 27, 2012 at 9:51 am
Pingback: Ma Pa and Me – Oct 31 « Le Art Studio
literary lew Post author October 31, 2012 at 3:46 pm
Glad you stopped by and hope you come back! | [
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How Can I Delete All the Users in an Active Directory Group? – Hey, Scripting Guy! Blog
ScriptingGuy1 September 13, 2006 5
objGroup.PutEx ADS_PROPERTY_CLEAR, "member", 0
Tags Active Directory groups Scripting Guy! users VBScript
GOOD ! says:
Thanks a lot, such easy could I never thought about it
How can you use this script for multiple groups? I tried this but it didn't work.
Set objGroup = GetObject("LDAP://CN=NCGL_ArchitectureServices_TFSAdmins_AP,OU=Common,OU=Access Management,OU=Security Groups,OU=BAND,DC=corp,DC=bankofamerica,DC=com")
Set objGroup = GetObject("LDAP://CN=NCGL_ARI2089_TFSAdmins_AP,OU=Common,OU=Access Management,OU=Security Groups,OU=BAND,DC=corp,DC=bankofamerica,DC=com")
Set objGroup = GetObject("LDAP://CN=NCGL_ART_TFSAdmins_AP,OU=Common,OU=Access Management,OU=Security Groups,OU=BAND,DC=corp,DC=bankofamerica,DC=com")
ASN Active Directory Manager : http://adsysnet.com/asn-active-directory-manager-download.aspx | [
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Ever After High Spring Unsprung Cerise Hood Doll | Walmart.ca Navigate to Homepage Clicking or tapping on this logo will return you to the Homepage Departments Search Walmart.ca Search Shop Groceries Shop All Departments Shop Departments, Electronics, Clothing, Baby, Home, Patio, Rollback, Sign In / Join Now, My Account, Store Finder, Flyers, Français Shop Departments Shop Aisles Electronics
Français Back to Main Menu All Departments Back to Main Menu Back to Main Menu My Orders My Recommendations My AutoSave My Lists My Registries My Account Not ? Sign out Shop Groceries Shop Walmart Current Page Walmart.ca Toys Dolls Fashion Dolls Print Ever After High Spring Unsprung Cerise Hood Doll Springtime is an epic time at Ever After High as a fableous fair, the Spring Fairest, is set up to spellebrate the changing of winter into spring. 26 Reviews Zoom We're sorry! This product is not available. Description & Features+ Springtime is an epic time to start a new chapter at Ever After High, where the teenage sons and daughters of famous fairytales decide whether or not to follow in their parents’ fabled footsteps. Spring is the season for the Spring Fairest, a spellebration of renewal and creativity. Each year, a fableous fair is raised at Ever After High, and the girls get to wear their most spellbinding outfits. This year, Lizzie Hearts, daughter of Wonderland’s Queen of Hearts, has taken it upon herself to design hexquisite dresses for her friends. Cerise Hood, the daughter of Little Red Riding Hood, is fiercely fashionable in a cherry blossom-themed top with wicked cool black and white checks to symbolize winter’s end and fableous cherry details to represent the start of spring. A sparkly red hood with flowered collar, a black pleather skirt and a black double-buckled belt are luxe details to set imaginations soaring. Amazing accessories -- like a hexquisite flowered hairpiece and necklace, cherry blossom-decorated leggings, spelltacular flowered boots, a silvery bracelet and fiercely fashionable flower-adorned bag -- send this outfit into happily ever after! Girls will love displaying their dolls, recreating favorite scenes and playing out memorable moments from the Spring Unsprung movie. Also included is a matching ring for the girl, so she can wear Spring Unsprung fashions, too. With a charming display stand and doll hairbrush included, this posable doll is ready for any fairytale. Plus, an enclosed bookmark contains hexclusive details about Cerise’s experience during the Spring Fairest. Collect all of the spellbinding students of Ever After High (sold separately) for hexquisite display and storytelling fun. Includes doll wearing fashion and accessories, purse, display stand, hairbrush, bookmark and flower-decorated ring for the girl. Ages 6 and older. • Springtime is an epic time at Ever After High as a fableous fair, the Spring Fairest, is set up to spellebrate the changing of winter into spring.• Dressed up for the jumbo mirror and a ride on the fairest wheel, the girls wear dresses designed by Lizzie Hearts, each inspired by the characters’ signature colors and mixed with black and white patterns to represent winter and fableous flower details that represent spring.• Choose from Cerise Hood, Cedar Wood, Briar Beauty and Holly O’Hair (each sold separately).• Amazing accessories -- like hexquisite flowered hairpieces, spelltacular shoes, iconic jewelry and fiercely fashionable bags -- complete the luxe looks.• A hexclusive bookmark tells more about the character’s experience during the Spring Fairest. Specifications+ Available for Shipping to Grab & Go Locker Yes Available for Shipping to Canada Post Yes RecommendedAge-Variant Age 5-8 Toy Character Cerise Hood Brand Ever After High Product Identifiers Walmart Item # 31057543 Model # CDM50 SKU 6000192599528 UPC 88796104701 From the Manufacturer + Ratings & Reviews+ bvseo-2.1.0.1 bvseo-true bvseo-j bvseo-LOCAL bvseo-1ms bvseo-REVIEWS bvseo-PRODUCT bvseo-1 bvseo-getContent bvseo-msg: The resource to the URL or file is currently unavailable.; | [
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A Lifetime Loser: Recipe: Chicken Lettuce Wraps
Kristin November 9, 2011 at 2:23 PM
How come the kids didn't have some too so you didn't have so much left over? While my kids don't request them, they do eat them without much issue. We make them asian style and we also make them mexican style (taco meat, cheese, etc). Mmmm!
Melissa November 9, 2011 at 2:57 PM
Too spicy for them - too much sriachi. I could tone it down next time and see if they go for it. Good idea on Mexican-style, thanks! | [
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Silver Blinds Design Ideas, Pictures, Remodel and Decor
"silver blinds"
Find out if your remodeling dreams fit your budget reality.Try the Real Cost Finder 57,553 silver blinds Home Design Photos
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$17.99 SaveEmail Pepe Calderin Design- Modern Interior Design11 Reviews
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Contemporary family house in Henley
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Ideabooks3,949 Questions5 I'm planning on ordering binds from blinds.com. What shade would this match from the ones carried on blinds.com?Could you please tell me the type of blinds these are? I love this look. Thank you.The color combination of the blinds and the walls is really appealing. I like how the blinds still allow a small amount of light to come through even when...
3 Day BlindsMany blind manufacturers have options like these to chooseI have these blinds ; sears on line -walnut or dark brownhides small spills remarkably well.6. Hang goes-with-anything bamboo blinds. Bamboo blinds are chic, whether left on their own or layered with drapes. DependingДиван — swetawd Embed | [
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Someguy46 comments on What are some interesting facts about the human body that are not widely known?jump to contentmy subredditsannouncementsArtAskRedditaskscienceawwblogbookscreepydataisbeautifulDIYDocumentariesEarthPornexplainlikeimfiveFitnessfoodfunnyFuturologygadgetsgamingGetMotivatedgifshistoryIAmAInternetIsBeautifulJokesLifeProTipslistentothismildlyinterestingmoviesMusicnewsnosleepnottheonionOldSchoolCoolpersonalfinancephilosophyphotoshopbattlespicsscienceShowerthoughtsspacesportstelevisiontifutodayilearnedTwoXChromosomesUpliftingNewsvideosworldnewsWritingPromptsedit subscriptionsfront-all-random | AskReddit-funny-pics-todayilearned-videos-news-gifs-worldnews-movies-gaming-aww-Showerthoughts-mildlyinteresting-IAmA-explainlikeimfive-Jokes-Music-nottheonion-tifu-television-science-TwoXChromosomes-DIY-Futurology-LifeProTips-OldSchoolCool-space-Fitness-photoshopbattles-food-askscience-GetMotivated-UpliftingNews-personalfinance-Documentaries-sports-books-dataisbeautiful-WritingPrompts-Art-nosleep-EarthPorn-InternetIsBeautiful-history-creepy-gadgets-listentothis-philosophy-announcements-blogmore » AskRedditcommentsrelatedWant to join? Log in or sign up in seconds.|Englishlimit my search to /r/AskReddituse the following search parameters to narrow your results:subreddit:subredditfind submissions in "subreddit"author:usernamefind submissions by "username"site:example.comfind submissions from "example.com"url:textsearch for "text" in urlselftext:textsearch for "text" in self post contentsself:yes (or self:no)include (or exclude) self postsnsfw:yes (or nsfw:no)include (or exclude) results marked as NSFWe.g. subreddit:aww site:imgur.com dogsee the search faq for details.advanced search: by author, subreddit...this post was submitted on 30 Sep 20132,087 points (90% upvoted)shortlink: remember mereset passwordloginAsk A New QuestionAskRedditunsubscribesubscribe10,414,728 readers25,126 users here now [ SERIOUS ] Rules:
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208620872088What are some interesting facts about the human body that are not widely known? (self.AskReddit)submitted 2 years ago by dzownzer8517 commentsshareloading...sorted by: besttopnewcontroversialoldrandomq&ayou are viewing a single comment's thread.view the rest of the comments →[–]Someguy46 1 point2 points3 points 2 years ago (1 child)You mean the bugs living in your eyelashes?
permalinkembedsaveparentgive gold[–]nagsnyder 0 points1 point2 points 2 years ago (0 children)My eyes... they itch.
permalinkembedsaveparentgive goldPosts are automatically archived after 6 months.Got Itaboutblogaboutvaluesteamsource codeadvertisejobshelpsite rulesFAQwikireddiquettetransparencycontact usapps & toolsAlien Blue iOS appmobile betabuttons<3reddit goldreddit storeredditgiftsUse of this site constitutes acceptance of our User Agreement and Privacy Policy (updated). © 2016 reddit inc. All rights reserved.REDDIT and the ALIEN Logo are registered trademarks of reddit inc.create a new accountusername:password:verify password:email: (optional)remember meget the best of reddit emailed to you once a week. learn moresign uplog inusername:password:remember mereset passwordlog inBy signing up, you agree to our Terms and that you have read our Privacy Policy and Content Policy.English [en]العربية [ar]Беларуская мова [be]български език [bg]Bosanski [bs]català [ca]česky [cs]dansk [da]Deutsch [de]Ελληνικά [el]English (Australia) [en-au]English (Canadian) [en-ca]English (Great Britain) [en-gb]English [en-us]Esperanto [eo]español [es]español [es-ar]eesti keel [et]Euskara [eu]فارسی [fa]suomi [fi]français [fr]Gàidhlig [gd]עברית [he]मानक हिन्दी [hi]hrvatski [hr]Magyar [hu]Հայերեն լեզու [hy]Bahasa Indonesia [id]íslenska [is]italiano (Italy) [it]日本語 [ja]ಕನ್ನಡ [kn_IN]한국어 [ko]Latin [la]1337 [leet]LOL [lol]lietuvių kalba [lt]latviešu valoda [lv]Nederlands [nl]Nynorsk [nn]Norsk [no]Arrrrrrrr! [pir]polski [pl]português [pt] (*)português [pt-pt]português brasileiro [pt_BR]română [ro]русский [ru]slovenčina [sk]slovenščina [sl]српски језик [sr]Srpski [sr-la]Svenska [sv]தமிழ் [ta]ภาษาไทย [th]Türkçe [tr]українська мова [uk]Tiếng Việt [vi]中文 [zh] (*) incomplete volunteer to translateπ Rendered by PID 23258 on app-11 at 2016-02-12 06:09:44.754651+00:00 running 53d4e31 country code: US. | [
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Arafat Frees Six of His Critics - The New York Times
World|Arafat Frees Six of His Critics
Arafat Frees Six of His Critics
By THE ASSOCIATED PRESS DEC. 20, 1999
Yasir Arafat, the Palestinian leader, released six intellectuals from jail today. The six had gone to prison for signing a manifesto that held him personally responsible for corruption in his government.
Two of the 11 intellectuals initially arrested remained in jail, including the organizer of the manifesto.
Mr. Arafat has cracked down harshly on the 20 signers of the manifesto, which circulated last month, accusing them of threatening national unity.
The nine lawmakers who signed enjoy immunity from arrest, but two of them, including a 69-year-old former mayor, said they were attacked by the Palestinian police. One of them was shot and wounded.
Corruption charges have been leveled against the Palestinian Authority in the past, but never against Mr. Arafat. The manifesto published in late November said ''the president of the Palestinian Authority has opened the doors to corruption.''
No reason was given for today's release, from prisons in the West Bank towns of Jericho and Nablus, but Palestinians are celebrating the Muslim holiday of Ramadan, in which holiday gestures sometimes include pardons for prisoners.
Yasir Abu Saffia, a doctor from Nablus, said an official visited him in jail and told him that Mr. Arafat had decided to release him after 20 days of arrest without charges.
The official did not say why two other prisoners, Abdel Abed al-Satar Qassam and Ahmed Dodin, were kept in detention.
Mr. Qassam, a political science professor from Nablus and a known opponent of Mr. Arafat, is considered the organizer of the manifesto. | [
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from The Studio of ... Charleen Martin: May 2013
A LITTLE ARTISTIC FENCING . . .
I took these photos 2 months ago when we took a Sunday afternoon drive up into the hills around us. Hidden around this curve, and then that curve, and up this dirt road and then that dirt road, was a home with this rather unique fence. There were lots more sections to it then just these but I thought these the most unusual figures. Thought I would share the Creativity with you. The most interesting thing about the fence though . . . there was a small, official looking sign posted with it that said it it funded in part by the Washington State Arts Commission. We've put in a few fences over the years, and one or two even had pretty creative gates, but it never occurred to me that I could possibly have submitted them as Art projects funded by the State . . .
Maybe a Shaman . . .?
My vote is an Alien . . .
This one reminds me of my Sisters Series.
Here she is again with a Pharaoh.
Posted by Charleen Martin at 11:17 PM
One of my available ArtCards
It's Day 14 of the Leslie Saeta Marketing Challenge (well, actually it's Day 15 but I'm a day behind!) and todays challenge is to give something away in order to promote your work. So... I've decided to actually give away multiple items (ArtCards). Well . . . one (or two!) to each person that signs up to receive my Newsletter and/or follow my Blog. In other words, you will receive one for signing up for the Newsletter and one for following my Blog. You will have to go to the following page 'ArtCards' on my website and pick out the one or two cards you want. These are 5 x 7" Frameable Art 'Prints' with space on the back for writing a Note.
If you decide to follow my Blog just sign up over on the right. If you would like to receive a copy of my Newsletter you can click here and it will take you to my sign up page. You will also have the opportunity to read past issues if you like.
This will last until May 31st (or until 100 cards are given out) At that time everyone that has signed on will be put in a drawing to win a Box of my Assorted NoteCards (different than the ArtCards) and you can see those here.
To receive your cards please send me your choice(s), along with name and address to [email protected]. Addresses will not be kept once the promotion is over.
Thanks everyone for reading this. Have a great Day!
Posted by Charleen Martin at 11:03 AM
Day 5 was to do a Collage of 2 or more of your Paintings and then we can post them on to Leslies Blog. I was out of town for 3 days so now I'm playing catch-up! The last time I looked I think there were 83 Artists that had completed this particular Challenge. I'm pleased with how this turned out but then I happen to be somewhat partial to the pieces that I chose to use. The Two Sisters (top middle) and the Trees (on the right) are the only 2 that are available. More information can be found about them on my Website listed above.
(This is going to be out of sync because I made a mistake on Day 5 and had to redo it) :(
Posted by Charleen Martin at 12:24 AM
DAY 6 of the Leslie Saeta Marketing Challenge
The Day 6 Challenge was to create a 'Badge' for one of our links. This is actually something that I've wanted to do for a while and wasn't clear on how to do it. So... Leslie gave everyone directions on how to accomplish this and off we went. You'll see this same Photo over to the right. Now if you click on that one it will take you directly to my Website. (You can still get there with the Text below but the idea is that the Photo should be a little more appealing to people thereby generating more traffic to the Website).
I have a correction to make on Day 5 so back to the books! :)
Posted by Charleen Martin at 11:52 PM
When Times were Simple . . .
I am taking part in the 30~ Day Marketing Challenge that is being put on and hosted by the wonderful Palette Knife Artist Leslie Saeta. Leslie hosted the 'Paint 30 Paintings in 30 Days' Challenge in January. I thought about participating but that was a s far as I got. It was pre-shoulder surgery so I was afraid I wouldn't be able to keep up ~ even at a minimum. Her mantra is to just do what you feel you can do and have fun but I feel like I need to at least be able to make a decent effort. Anyway, I decided to go ahead and try this challenge and if any of you are interested it is not to late to join in. It is only the second day. For more information on the challenge you can click here to go to Leslies blog which will tell you all about it. Even if you only do a few, that's a few more than what you would have done in an effort to market your work.
The Challenge today is to take a piece that you already have on your Website and re-post it on to Facebook and your Blog. So . . . I picked the above piece because here in Wenatchee we are currently in the throes of the 'Apple Blossom Festival'. Wenatchee considers itself the 'Apple Capital of the World' and so this is a big deal around here. For those of you not familiar with the Central Valley area of Washington , it is covered with Orchards and Vineyards and this is probably the most beautiful time of year around here. All the Fruit trees are covered with beautiful Pink and White Blooms ~ truly gorgeous.
For more information on the above piece please go to my Website by clicking here.
Posted by Charleen Martin at 1:46 PM | [
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Gretchen Opgenorth: Tablecloth to shower curtain!
Tree of Life table Runner from World Market
Tree of Life Table Cloth from World Market.
A SHOWER CURTAIN OF COURSE!!!!
Top Pleated Detail
his is one of the easiest sewing projects I have ever done. I would call myself a lazy sewer, I especially hate hems and finish detail. (in fact I have been known to be so excited about a project, I leave these minor details undone...please don't pull up the bottom of ANY of my curtains:) Anyway, I found this tablecloth at World Market (they were 30% off) and thought the teal in the fabric design went perfectly in my teal bathroom. Forgive me that i did not take pictures of this process. But it is really simple.
Set aside about 30 minutes. REALLY, it is SO easy.
A.) Most shower curtains are 72" square. The table cloth that I chose was 60"X90".
B) to make up for the 90" width, I added Pinch Pleats to the top for a little detail. Just spaced where I wanted the 12 rings and pinched. If I was off by an inch or two you really can't tell. (90"-18"=72"(each pinch was 1.5))
C) Add the 12" runner to the bottom (60" +12"=72" length it s already 90" long) COMPLETELY finished detail, it adds some weight to the bottom because it is double backed so the curtain hangs really well.
D) Add button holes along the top for the rings, or you could do the clips an even easier option
E) VOILA, hang your curtain.
World Market and many other stores have great designs for their tablecloths and runners...the possibilities are endless!
I hope enjoy this project as much as I did!
Labels: bathrooms, DIY, sewing, shower curtain
Bravo! You are a genius! This idea is going in my file. | [
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My first wildlife experience in Soberania National Park with Ecocircuitos – EcoCircuitos Panama Travel Blog
← Special Rate The Buenaventura Golf & Beach Resort Panama, Autograph Collection Special Rate! $138.00
ATTA, EcoCircuitos & Grayl to reduce use of plastic bottle pollution → | [
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Calculus with Analytic Geometry, Linear Algebra Supplement book by Howard Anton | 1 available editions | Alibris Books
Calculus with Analytic Geometry, Linear Algebra Supplement
ISBN-13: 9780471106777
ISBN: 0471106771
Alibris ID: 14527132670
Alibris ID: 13122441274
Alibris ID: 14316118626
Alibris ID: 14606220281
Alibris ID: 14296395119
New. 0471106771 BRAND NEW. A portion of your purchase of this book will be donated to non-profit organizations. Over 1, 000, 000 satisfied customers since 1997! We ship daily M-F. Choose expedited shipping (if available) for much faster delivery. Delivery confirmation on all US orders.
Alibris ID: 14296406737
Very Good. 0471106771 Great used condition. A portion of your purchase of this book will be donated to non-profit organizations. Over 1, 000, 000 satisfied customers since 1997! We ship daily M-F. Choose expedited shipping (if available) for much faster delivery. Delivery confirmation on all US orders.
Alibris ID: 14296447688
Very Good. 0471106771 May have highlighting or writing and wear to cover. May not include supplemental items like CDs or access codes. A portion of your purchase of this book will be donated to non-profit organizations. Over 1, 000, 000 satisfied customers since 1997! We ship daily M-F. Choose expedited shipping (if available) for much faster delivery. Delivery confirmation on all US orders.
Alibris ID: 13551200196
Alibris ID: 9790818900
As New. The book appears New, In Very nice condition. Quantity Available: 1. Category: Mathematics; Calculus; ISBN: 0471106771. ISBN/EAN: 9780471106777. Pictures of this item not already displayed here available upon request. Inventory No: 1560786125.
Alibris ID: 14461025771
1995, John Wiley & Sons, New York
Calculus Early Transcendentals Single Variable 8th Edition Binder Ready Version
Calculus Early Transcendentals: Solution Manual | [
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) #125 of 2,025 Restaurants in Cologne $$ - $$$ Asian, Vietnamese, Vegetarian Friendly
All reviews spring rolls rice curry duck vietnamese food vietnamese kitchen fantastic restaurant vegetarian options main dishes excellent food visited this restaurant nice atmosphere lemongrass euros
We wanted to try this place out for sometimes already. We went there on Friday Evening around 8 PM and it was quite busy. No chance to re-locate our table to the front room, which is much nicer one. The second room is rather too...More
We did not see the reason for the high score at Tripadvisor. The service was ok but the "lemongrass beef" I ordered was not. The sauce was very watery, the dish was mostly vegtables and the little meat was not tender. My wifes dish was...More | [
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"value": "Tripadvisor, Inc. is an American online travel company that operates a website and mobile app with user-generated content and a comparison shopping website."
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September 18, 2019 / 10:22 PM / 2 months ago
SpaceX has won hundreds of millions of dollars in Pentagon launch contracts, using its huge Falcon 9 and Falcon Heavy rockets. Jeff Bezos’ Blue Origin is building a heavy-lift New Glenn rocket that it pitched to the Air Force’s next multibillion dollar national security launch programme. | [
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Pixel Posts: S'mores
Posted by Karen at Wednesday, October 02, 2013
Ok. Can you explain for the ignorant (me), just what smores are? I have read about them but have never been certain just what they are. Judging by the photo they are a treat though...
I love smores....adorable picture!
....I guess they're scrumptious
I too am guessing smores are yummy.
Looks delicious, but it's something we don't have over here.
It's a good shot Karen.
Gotta keep the kids happy. :)
YUMMY!! Cute shot!
Awesome shot Karen. B
cutie. beep? :)
Is that a smores YUMMMA . Great shot !
Yep, that's Beep
S'mores are- roasted marshmallows (over a campfire), sandwiched between two graham crackers and a slab of chocolate. The hot marshmallow melts the chocolate, making the whole thing a sweet gooey mess! A must have at every campfire.
Love your capture for the day, Karen!! And, of course, all my kids loved S'mores! They were one of the fun things about camping! Thanks for the memories! Hope you have a lovely day!!
Ah! that's the age to eat all those and not worry about getting fat or developing cholesterol, pressure or anything...where did that age go?
Ans who doesn't enjoy a good s'more.
YUM! Sweet portrait. :)
war wohl SEHR Lecker...D
Great pic, Karen!
A nice portrait, love, exquisite cake!
Oh yeah! It was a good summer wasn't it?
love them!! looks like someone else does as well!!
My grand kiddos munched on those last night at a BBQ here. I made them stay outside...so messy!
Great pic of the kid. You can see the look of ecstasy in her eyes.
looks like the beeper is having a lovely time there *S*
She seems to savor the moment of sweetness, and her expression is so cute! | [
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Sookie Jane: September 2013
Part of me was not sure I was ready, but a bigger part of me longed to go.
To see the people who helped to guide my pregnancy.
To say thank you to those who supported and encouraged me during the ups and downs.
To be in the presence of those who helped to bring Addalyn into this world.
To see those who tenderly cared for me during my moments of greatest need.
To go back to the only physical place where my daughter ever was.
To celebrate what would have been Addy's first half birthday, I went back to again say thank you to the physicians, nurses, counselors, coordinators, and technicians who took my heartbreaking situation and helped me make it through.
Posted by Sookie Jane at 11:18 AM
A 6 Month Reflection on Me...
I have been told three different times this week by three different people that carrying out my pregnancy was heroic, admirable, and commendable.
I am a momma who's life took a journey in a direction that I could have never anticipated. A direction that I could have never prepared for or believed that I would have made it through.
I am not a hero, I simply refused to give up hope on what I longed so desperately for.
I have been changed and have found that I am stronger than I ever believed.
And, reflecting back on my journey, I am truly proud of myself.
Does it sound conceded to say that I am proud of myself?
I don't mean to be conceded but life handed me the unimaginable in the past year and I am truly proud of me.
There was a large needled stuck into my abdomen while I was awake to obtain a segment of my placenta.
My arms, legs, and head were strapped to a table and slid into a closed MRI for close to an hour so a better image could be obtained of her kidneys.
I watched an ultrasound screen close to 15 times trying to make sense of changes from week to week riding the ups and downs as things got better then bad and then worse.
I sat around a conference table and listened as her anomalies were presented and potential interventions/surgeries/transplants were explained believing in my heart that quality of life should outweigh quantity of life even if my heart was not ready.
After indepth conversations to discuss the pros and cons, we made a decision to not wear the heart rate monitor during my labor knowing that there was a potential my daughter would not be born alive.
I carried my child within me for 35 weeks and 5 days despite the fact that being visibly pregnant resulted in very difficult and emotional conversations with people who had no idea of my story.
I had painful conversations about comfort care, death, funeral homes, and cremation/burial.
I endured labor knowing that my joy in the end would be robbed.
I swaddled my daughter one last time, ensured her hat was perfectly situated on her head, gave her one final kiss, and placed her body into basket and sobbed as she was carried away knowing that I would never see her again in this life.
I packed my bag and walked out of the hospital empty handed leaving behind the only place my daughter ever was.
I bound myself with ice packs for close to two weeks when my milk came in to help reduce the pain.
In a fog, I finalized plans for my daughter's memorial service and I sat at the front of a church to celebrate the life of a child I would never know beyond her first and only day of life.
8 weeks after her passing, I returned to work and walk the halls of the hospital where I pass the cardiologist that did the ECHO and the doctors from the fetal health appointment. My heart stings a little with each siting.
In working to get myself healthy, I continue to see a counselor, find solace in my support group, have managed to drop the baby weight, and am finding ways to ensure that my daughter's life has purpose.
I am a better person today because of her.
I did what was best for Addy regardless of my what it would mean for my body, regardless of how sad it made me, and regardless that it was not easy. I believe so much that I am forever changed that if I could roll back time, I would endure it all again. I would because I saw Addy open her eyes, I had the opportunity to kiss her precious lips, I felt her warmth against my chest, and because I am at peace with our journey.
I have never uttered the words, "I wish we would have" or "if I could do it all over again, I would change." I prayed for time with my daughter and that she would not struggle. I didn't want her to gasp for air, to struggle to breathe, or to be in pain. To be honest, I am not certain when Addy passed away. The time of her birth and the time of her death are listed as 41 minutes apart but there was not a clear moment of her passing. She did not live long but she never hurt, she never struggled, and she never gasped. She passed peacefully and prayers were answered.
I am proud that I am still standing after the journey my life has taken.
And more so, I am proud to be Addalyn's momma.
Posted by Sookie Jane at 12:38 AM
It felt a little strange to decorate for fall this year
and not just because it is still 95 degrees.
but decorating my home this year was different.
Getting out all the fall things just reenforced to me that life is moving on.
Posted by Sookie Jane at 5:54 PM
Sometimes I find myself in situations where I have to make a very conscience effort to remind myself that the people I have encountered are not aware of my journey and that they are simple doing their jobs.
My "worst case scenario" self had my realistic self totally paranoid about some leg pain I have been experiencing lately so my PCP ordered an ultrasound to put my mind at ease. All was well but I added a tally mark to the ultrasound list...I am almost certain that I have had more ultrasounds this year than most have in their entire life.
As I laid on the exam table the sonographer was explaining the machine to me and telling me how good the imaging has become. She does not know me nor did she know that I am an ultrasound pro so I just listened to her. In her explanation of the imaging she asked if I had ever had an ultrasound. I hesitantly answered yes and she asked if it was "for the exciting gender reveal during a pregnancy." My instinct was to say, "nope, I found out I has having a girl after they stuck a massive needle into my abdomen while I was awake and nicely ripped out a piece of my placenta." I resisted the urge but politely responded that I had to have several ultrasounds due to a complicated pregnancy. My hope that this would satisfy as the answer was quickly crushed as she asked a few more questions. I know I am beginning to heal because I can talk about my journey without totally losing it but I don't always like to share with strangers. It is sensitive and personal so I don't usually provide all the details but the sonographer seemed to really want to know our story so I give her my very quick and very rehearsed run down...Addy had a cystic hygroma and after an MRI, we knew she also had a right sided diaphragmatic hernia, dysplastic kidneys, and underdeveloped lungs.
After sharing, she asked if I drank enough water throughout my pregnancy.
I found it to be an odd question after I just explained how Addy had passed away but she proceeded to tell me her story. She shared that her son had to go to the NICU after his birth because "he also had issues with his lungs." She explained that her doctor told her his issues were a result of "lack of amniotic fluid most likely caused by not drinking enough water throughout the pregnancy." She continued that he is "perfectly fine now" but he has "really bad asthma" which she feels really guilty about because she "caused it by not drinking enough water."
For me, it isn't helpful to hear that God needed an angel in Heaven.
It isn't helpful to hear that my Addy is in a better place.
It isn't helpful to hear that I am young and can have more children.
And it isn't helpful to be made to feel like I did something wrong.
I would have ingested the Mississippi River if it would have changed Addy's prognosis.
Posted by Sookie Jane at 9:25 PM
Part of me was not sure I was ready, but a bigger...
Sometimes I find myself in situations where I have... | [
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US Patent for Systems and methods for diagnosing a vehicle humidity sensor Patent (Patent # 10,197,000 issued February 5, 2019) - Justia Patents Search
Justia Patents With Fuel Injection ControlUS Patent for Systems and methods for diagnosing a vehicle humidity sensor Patent (Patent # 10,197,000)
Jul 26, 2017 - Ford
Methods and systems are provided for diagnosing a humidity sensor positioned in an intake system of a vehicle engine system. In one example, a method comprises rotating an engine unfueled in reverse and injecting a fluid into an exhaust system of the engine system, to draw the fluid into the intake system, where a humidity sensor output signal greater than a baseline output signal by a predetermined threshold is indicative of a humidity sensor that is functioning as desired. In this way, a humidity sensor may be periodically rationalized which may prolong engine lifetime by ensuring the engine is operating at optimal parameters.
The present description relates generally to methods and systems for rationalizing a humidity sensor positioned in an intake system of a vehicle.
Engine systems may be configured with exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) systems via which at least a portion of the exhaust gas is recirculated to the engine intake. Various sensors may be coupled in the engine system to estimate the amount of EGR being delivered to the engine. These may include, for example, various temperature, pressure, oxygen, and humidity sensors. Since the accuracy of the EGR estimation relies on the correct functioning of the various sensors, periodic sensor diagnostics are used. Further, engines with or without EGR need an estimate of air dilution to optimally set the ignition timing, among other controls. Combustion air dilution may be determined based on humidity measurements using humidity sensors, for example.
One example approach for diagnosing a humidity sensor is illustrated by Xiao et al. in U.S. Pat. No. 7,715,976. Therein, humidity sensor degradation is determined based on a comparison of an intake humidity estimated by a first humidity sensor in the intake manifold with an exhaust humidity estimated by a second humidity sensor in the exhaust manifold and an ambient humidity estimated by a third humidity sensor located outside of the engine. The sensor readings are compared during conditions when all the sensor readings are expected to be substantially equal, such as during engine non-fueling conditions in which the EGR valve is closed. If the readings of the three humidity sensors differ by more than a threshold, humidity sensor degradation may be determined.
However, the inventors herein have identified a potential issue with such an approach. The accuracy of determining degradation of any one humidity sensor may depend on the proper functioning of the other humidity sensors. Further, multiple humidity sensors may not be needed for engine control, and thus additional humidity sensors may not be available for comparison.
Another example approach for diagnosing a humidity sensor is illustrated by Pursifull et al. in U.S. Pat. No. 9,482,172. Therein, humidity sensor degradation is indicated based on a comparison of a response of the humidity sensor to a first gas flow and a second gas flow having a known humidity, or at least where the second gas flow is known to have a significantly different humidity than the first gas flow. The second gas flow may include intake manifold air, EGR, exhaust gas, and/or crankcase gas, for example. If the humidity sensor output is different than an expected output when the sensor is exposed to the second gas flow, degradation of the humidity sensor may be indicated.
However, the inventors herein have identified a potential issue with such an approach. For example, such an approach may be susceptible to false indications of degraded humidity sensor(s) if a difference in humidity of the first gas and the second gas is not enough to trigger a significant response in the humidity sensor during the second gas flow as compared to the first. Furthermore, such an approach may rely on engine operation, which may be limited in the case of hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), start/stop (S/S) vehicles, etc., thus decreasing opportunities for humidity sensor diagnostic tests.
Thus, the inventors herein have developed systems and methods to at least partially address the above-mentioned issues. In one example, a method is provided comprising obtaining a baseline humidity measurement via a humidity sensor positioned in an intake system of an engine, while rotating the engine unfueled in a reverse direction, injecting a fluid into an exhaust system coupled to the engine which is drawn by the engine into the intake system, and rationalizing the humidity sensor as a function of a humidity measurement of the injected fluid by the humidity sensor and the baseline humidity measurement. In this way, the humidity sensor may be rationalized while the engine is not being fueled, which may improve fuel economy and may result in an increased lifetime of the engine.
In one example, the fluid comprises diesel exhaust fluid.
In an example, obtaining the baseline humidity measurement comprises commanding a throttle positioned in the intake system to a predetermined open position to couple the intake system and humidity sensor to atmosphere just prior to rotating the engine unfueled in the reverse direction. In such an example, obtaining the baseline humidity measurement and rationalizing the humidity sensor via rotating the engine unfueled in reverse and injecting the fluid into the exhaust may be commenced responsive to a predetermined duration of time elapsing since a vehicle-off event, where rationalizing the humidity sensor is requested during the vehicle-off event.
In some examples, rotating the engine in reverse is conducted at a predetermined engine speed, and may further include rotating the engine in reverse for a predetermined duration which comprises an amount of time where a response from the humidity sensor is expected provided that the humidity sensor is functioning as desired, without routing the fluid to atmosphere.
In another example, rationalizing the humidity sensor further comprises indicating that the humidity sensor is functioning as desired responsive to the humidity sensor outputting a signal that is greater than a threshold amount above the baseline humidity measurement, and indicating that the humidity sensor is not functioning as desired responsive to the humidity sensor outputting a signal that is lower than the threshold amount above the baseline humidity measurement.
In still another example, such a method may further include responsive to rationalizing the humidity sensor, rotating the engine unfueled in a forward direction, to route the fluid from the intake system back into the exhaust system.
FIGS. 3A-3B schematically shows an example H-bridge circuit which may be used to rotate a vehicle engine in a forward or reverse direction.
FIG. 4 shows a high-level flowchart for conducting a humidity sensor diagnostic and for loading an SCR catalyst.
FIG. 5 shows an example timeline for conducting a humidity sensor diagnostic and for loading an SCR catalyst, according to the method of FIG. 4.
The following description relates to systems and methods for conducting a humidity sensor diagnostic, in order to rationalize a humidity sensor positioned in an intake system of a vehicle. Such a humidity sensor diagnostic may comprise obtaining a baseline humidity sensor value or measurement, and then obtaining a test humidity measurement subsequent to obtaining the baseline humidity measurement. The test humidity measurement may be carried out under conditions where humidity in the vicinity of the humidity sensor may be expected to change. More specifically, to obtain the test humidity measurement, a solution of diesel exhaust fluid (DEF) may be injected into an exhaust system upstream of an SCR catalyst, and the engine may be rotated or spun unfueled in a reverse orientation in order to route the DEF (which contains water) to the intake system in order to rationalize the humidity sensor. Such a method may be carried out in a hybrid vehicle capable of rotating the engine unfueled via a motor, such as the hybrid vehicle depicted at FIG. 1. The humidity sensor may be positioned in an intake system of an engine, where a DEF injector may enable DEF to be injected upstream of the SCR catalyst, as illustrated in FIG. 2. An H-bridge circuit may be utilized to enable the engine to be rotated in the forward or reverse direction, illustrated at FIGS. 3A-3B. A method for conducting the humidity sensor diagnostic, is illustrated at FIG. 4. Subsequent to rationalizing the humidity sensor by rotating the engine in reverse, the engine may be rotated in the forward direction, to route the DEF in the intake system back to the exhaust system. The DEF being routed to the exhaust system may serve to populate or load the SCR catalyst with ammonia, such that the SCR catalyst is loaded and ready for a subsequent engine start event (e.g. engine cold start), which may reduce undesired emissions (e.g. NOx). An example timeline for conducting the humidity sensor diagnostic and for loading the SCR catalyst using DEF injected for the purpose of conducting the humidity sensor diagnostic, is illustrated at FIG. 5.
In still other examples, which will be discussed in further detail below, motor 120 may be configured to rotate engine unfueled in a forward (e.g. default orientation) or reverse orientation, using energy provided via energy storage device 150, exemplified by arrow 186.
Control system 190 may communicate with one or more of engine 110, motor 120, fuel system 140, energy storage device 150, and generator 160. Control system 190 may receive sensory feedback information from one or more of engine 110, motor 120, fuel system 140, energy storage device 150, and generator 160. Further, control system 190 may send control signals to one or more of engine 110, motor 120, fuel system 140, energy storage device 150, and generator 160 responsive to this sensory feedback. Control system 190 may receive an indication of an operator requested output of the vehicle propulsion system from a vehicle operator 102. For example, control system 190 may receive sensory feedback from pedal position sensor 194 which communicates with pedal 192. Pedal 192 may refer schematically to a brake pedal and/or an accelerator pedal. Furthermore, in some examples control system 190 may be in communication with a remote engine start receiver 195 (or transceiver) that receives wireless signals 106 from a key fob 104 having a remote start button 105. In other examples (not shown), a remote engine start may be initiated via a cellular telephone, or smartphone based system where a user's cellular telephone sends data to a server and the server communicates with the vehicle to start the engine.
The vehicle propulsion system 100 may also include an ambient temperature/humidity sensor 198, and a roll stability control sensor, such as a lateral and/or longitudinal and/or yaw rate sensor(s) 199. The vehicle instrument panel 196 may include indicator light(s) and/or a text-based display in which messages are displayed to an operator. The vehicle instrument panel 196 may also include various input portions for receiving an operator input, such as buttons, touch screens, voice input/recognition, etc. For example, the vehicle instrument panel 196 may include a refueling button 197 which may be manually actuated or pressed by a vehicle operator to initiate refueling. For example, as described in more detail below, in response to the vehicle operator actuating refueling button 197, a fuel tank in the vehicle may be depressurized so that refueling may be performed.
Control system 190 may be communicatively coupled to other vehicles or infrastructures using appropriate communications technology, as is known in the art. For example, control system 190 may be coupled to other vehicles or infrastructures via a wireless network 131, which may comprise Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, a type of cellular service, a wireless data transfer protocol, and so on. Control system 190 may broadcast (and receive) information regarding vehicle data, vehicle diagnostics, traffic conditions, vehicle location information, vehicle operating procedures, etc., via vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), vehicle-to-infrastructure-to-vehicle (V2I2V), and/or vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I or V2X) technology. The communication and the information exchanged between vehicles can be either direct between vehicles, or can be multi-hop. In some examples, longer range communications (e.g. WiMax) may be used in place of, or in conjunction with, V2V, or V2I2V, to extend the coverage area by a few miles. In still other examples, vehicle control system 190 may be communicatively coupled to other vehicles or infrastructures via a wireless network 131 and the internet (e.g. cloud), as is commonly known in the art.
FIG. 2 shows a schematic depiction of a vehicle system 206. It may be understood that vehicle system 206 may comprise the same vehicle system as vehicle system 100 depicted at FIG. 1. The vehicle system 206 includes an engine system 208 coupled to an emissions control system 251 and a fuel system 218. It may be understood that fuel system 218 may comprise the same fuel system as fuel system 140 depicted at FIG. 1. Emission control system 251 includes a fuel vapor container or canister 222 which may be used to capture and store fuel vapors. The engine system 208 may include an engine 110 having a plurality of cylinders 230. The engine 110 includes an engine air intake system 223 and an engine exhaust system 225. The engine air intake 223 includes a throttle 262 in fluidic communication with engine intake manifold 244 via an intake passage 242. Further, engine air intake 223 may include an air box and filter (not shown) positioned upstream of throttle 262. The engine exhaust system 225 includes an exhaust manifold 248 leading to an exhaust passage 235 that routes exhaust gas to the atmosphere. The exhaust passage may lead to one or more exhaust after-treatment devices (e.g. 226, 229, 236), as well as a reductant delivery and storage system, such as diesel exhaust fluid (DEF) system 238.
The exhaust after-treatment devices may be disposed in various orders and/or combinations along exhaust passage 235. For example, a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) 226 may be followed downstream by a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst 229. SCR catalyst 229 may be followed downstream by a diesel particulate filter (DPF) 236. It should be understood that the emissions control devices of the exhaust system 225 shown in FIG. 2 are exemplary in nature. Various other emission control devices and configurations may be included in engine exhaust system 225. For example, exhaust system 225 may include an SCR catalyst followed by a DPF only. In another example, the exhaust system 225 may only include an SCR catalyst. In still another example, a DPF may be located upstream of the SCR catalyst, or a combined DPF/SCR catalyst may be used.
The engine exhaust system 225 may further include a reductant delivery and/or storage system, such as DEF system 238. The DEF may be a liquid reductant, such as a urea and water mixture, stored in a storage vessel, such as a storage tank. In one example, the DEF system 238 may include DEF tank 239 for onboard DEF storage, a DEF delivery line 240 that couples the DEF tank 239 to exhaust passage 235 via an injector at or upstream of SCR catalyst 229. The DEF tank 239 may be of various forms, and may include a filler neck 241 and corresponding cap and/or cover door in the vehicle body. Filler neck 241 may be configured to receive a nozzle for replenishing DEF.
DEF system 238 may also include a DEF injector 243 in line 240 which injects DEF into the exhaust upstream of the SCR catalyst 229. DEF injector 243 may be used to control the timing and amount of DEF injections, via control system 214. DEF system 238 may further include DEF pump 246. DEF pump 246 may be used to pressurize and deliver DEF into line 240. DEF system 238 may further include a DEF line heater 247 which heats DEF line 240. For example, the DEF line heater 247 may warm the DEF fluid on the way to the DEF pump at low temperatures in order to maintain a DEF fluid viscosity. DEF line heater 247 may be a resistive heater, or various other configurations. DEF line heater 247 may be coupled to energy storage device 150, which may include a battery, and may be enabled and controlled via control system 214, for example.
It will be appreciated that other components may be included in the engine such as a variety of valves and sensors. For example, a barometric pressure sensor 213 may be included in the engine intake. In one example, barometric pressure sensor 213 may be a manifold air pressure (MAP) sensor and may be coupled to the engine intake downstream of throttle 262. Barometric pressure sensor 213 may rely on part throttle or full or wide open throttle conditions, e.g., when an opening amount of throttle 262 is greater than a threshold, in order accurately determine BP.
A humidity sensor 258 may be positioned in the engine air intake, downstream of throttle 262. The humidity sensor may be positioned to determine the humidity of intake air flowing through intake passage 242, for example. In an example, humidity sensor 258 may measure the relative humidity and temperature of gas that the sensor is exposed to. Based on the relative humidity and temperature, the specific humidity of the gas may be determined (e.g. the amount of water per unit mass of gas flow). To measure the relative humidity, a dew point sensor (using a chilled mirror, for example) or a wet bulb/dry bulb sensor may be used. In other examples, the absolute humidity may be measured by a capacitance sensor, and the temperature and/or pressure of the air may be estimated or measured in order to calculate the relative and/or specific humidity.
In particular, engine control systems tend to want to know the specific humidity, for example the humidity ratio of the air. In other words, the engine control system wants to know how much of the air is water vapor (or some other diluent). Some engine humidity sensors measure the absolute humidity, for example the mass of water in a volume of air. In many cases, a humidity sensor may measure absolute humidity, convert it to relative humidity via selected measurements and assumptions, send the relative humidity data to the controller 212 which reconverts to absolute humidity, and then converts to specific humidity. To make such conversions, both pressure and temperature at the point of measurement may be measured or inferred. Accordingly, in some examples, barometric pressure sensor 213 and temperature sensor 260 may be included in close proximity to humidity sensor 258.
The humidity sensor is used inside the engine intake system for engine control purposes. Thus, to ensure that the humidity sensor is functioning as desired, such a sensor may be rationalized via a humidity sensor diagnostic. In some examples, a humidity sensor may be rationalized or diagnosed by comparing its response to that of another downstream humidity sensor, or an oxygen sensor downstream of the humidity sensor. However, such diagnostic strategies may be problematic in that humidity may differ between two or more sensors. For example, humidity may exist in the intake manifold, while not necessarily in the exhaust manifold.
Furthermore, there may be many noise factors that may result in such a diagnostic being challenging to interpret. Examples include incomplete combustion, exhaust temperature, presence of degradation stemming from the intake manifold, exhaust manifold, etc. Other attempts, such as rationalizing the humidity sensor via weather cloud data also poses challenges to interpretation, as humidity may be local and weather map data may be insufficient for such a diagnostic.
Still further, some vehicles such as HEVs, PHEVs, S/S, etc., may have limited engine run time, and thus attempting to utilize downstream exhaust gas sensors or other methods may be futile without significant engine run time. Thus, a more robust humidity sensor test diagnostic is desired, which is the focus of this application, and which will be discussed in further detail below and with regard to FIGS. 4-5.
Engine system 208 may also include an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system 249 that receives a portion of an exhaust gas stream exiting engine 110 and returns the exhaust gas to engine intake manifold 244 downstream of throttle 262. Under some conditions, EGR system 249 may be used to regulate the temperature and/or dilution of the air and fuel mixture within the combustion chamber, thus providing a method of controlling the timing of ignition during some combustion modes. Further, during some conditions, a portion of combustion gases may be retained or trapped in the combustion chamber by controlling exhaust valve timing. EGR system 249 is shown forming a common EGR passage 250 from exhaust passage 235 to intake passage 242.
In some examples, exhaust system 225 may also include a turbocharger (not shown) comprising a turbine and a compressor coupled on a common shaft. The turbine may be coupled within exhaust passage 235, while the compressor may be coupled within intake passage 242. Blades of the turbine may be caused to rotate about the common shaft as a portion of the exhaust gas stream discharged from the engine 110 impinges upon the blades of the turbine. The compressor may be coupled to the turbine such that the compressor may be actuated when the blades of the turbine are caused to rotate. When actuated, the compressor may then direct pressurized fresh air to air intake manifold 244 where it may then be directed to engine 110. In systems where EGR passage 250 is coupled to engine exhaust 225 upstream of the turbine and coupled to intake passage 242 downstream of the compressor, the EGR system may be considered a high pressure EGR system. The EGR passage may alternatively be coupled downstream of the turbine and upstream of the compressor (low pressure EGR system).
An EGR valve 253 may be coupled within EGR passage 250. EGR valve 253 may be configured as an active solenoid valve that may be actuated to allow exhaust gas flow into intake manifold 244. The portion of the exhaust gas flow discharged by engine 110 that is allowed to pass through EGR system 249 and return to engine 110 may be metered by the measured actuation of EGR valve 253, which may be regulated by controller 212. The actuation of EGR valve 253 may be based on various vehicle operating parameters and a calculated overall EGR flow rate.
One or more EGR coolers 254 may be coupled within EGR passage 250. EGR cooler 254 may act to lower the overall temperature of the EGR flow stream before passing the stream on to intake manifold 244 where it may be combined with fresh air and directed to engine 110. EGR passage 250 may include one or more flow restriction regions 255. One or more pressure sensors 256 may be coupled at or near flow restriction region 255. The diameter of the flow restriction region ma thus be used to determine an overall volumetric flow rate through EGR passage 250.
An air intake system hydrocarbon trap (AIS HC) 257 may be placed in the intake manifold of engine 110 to adsorb fuel vapors emanating from unburned fuel in the intake manifold, puddled fuel from degraded fuel injectors and/or fuel vapors in crankcase ventilation emissions during engine-off periods. The AIS HC may include a stack of consecutively layered polymeric sheets impregnated with HC vapor adsorption/desorption material. Alternately, the adsorption/desorption material may be filled in the area between the layers of polymeric sheets. The adsorption/desorption material may include one or more of carbon, activated carbon, zeolites, or any other HC adsorbing/desorbing materials. When the engine is operational causing an intake manifold vacuum and a resulting airflow across the AIS HC 257, the trapped vapors may be passively desorbed from the AIS HC and combusted in the engine 110. Thus, during engine operation, intake fuel vapors are stored and desorbed from AIS HC 257. In addition, fuel vapors stored during an engine shutdown can also be desorbed from the AIS HC during engine operation. In this way, AIS HC 257 may be continually loaded and purged, and the trap may reduce evaporative emissions from the intake passage even when engine 110 is shut down.
Controller 212 may comprise a portion of a control system 214. In some examples, control system 214 may be the same as control system 190, illustrated in FIG. 1. Control system 214 is shown receiving information from a plurality of sensors 216 (various examples of which are described herein) and sending control signals to a plurality of actuators 281 (various examples of which are described herein). As one example, sensors 216 may include exhaust gas sensor 237 located upstream of the emission control device 270, temperature sensor 233, pressure sensor 291, pressure sensor 282, and canister temperature sensor 232. Other sensors such as pressure, temperature, air/fuel ratio, and composition sensors may be coupled to various locations in the vehicle system 206. As another example, the actuators may include throttle 262, fuel tank isolation valve 252, canister purge valve 261, and canister vent valve 297. The control system 214 may include a controller 212. The controller may receive input data from the various sensors, process the input data, and trigger the actuators in response to the processed input data based on instruction or code programmed therein corresponding to one or more routines. Example control routines are described herein with regard to FIG. 4.
In some examples, the controller may be placed in a reduced power mode or sleep mode, wherein the controller maintains essential functions only, and operates with a lower battery consumption than in a corresponding awake mode. For example, the controller may be placed in a sleep mode following a vehicle-off event in order to perform a diagnostic routine at a duration after the vehicle-off event. The controller may have a wake input that allows the controller to be returned to an awake mode based on an input received from one or more sensors. For example, the opening of a vehicle door may trigger a return to an awake mode. In other examples, the controller may need to be awake in order to conduct such methods. In such an example, the controller may stay awake for a duration referred to as a time period where the controller is maintained awake to perform extended shutdown functions, such that the controller may be awake to conduct diagnostic routines. In another example, a wakeup capability may enable a circuit to wake the controller when a diagnostic is requested (e.g. when a humidity sensor diagnostic is requested, or when conditions are met for conducting such a diagnostic).
When the engine is spun in the default direction, a vacuum is generated in the intake manifold, while a pressure is generated in the exhaust system. However, if the engine is spun in reverse, a vacuum is generated in the exhaust system, while a pressure is generated in the intake manifold. More specifically, as the engine spins in reverse, the opening of a cylinder exhaust valve (not shown) brings fresh air (and exhaust gas if present) into the cylinder, and a subsequent opening of the cylinder intake valve (not shown) evacuates the cylinder to the intake manifold.
A vehicle such as the vehicle propulsion system 100 described above comprises a hybrid electric vehicle, and as such, the vehicle motor (e.g. 120) may be utilized to spin or rotate the engine unfueled using power supplied via the energy storage device (e.g. 150), such as a battery. In some examples, which will be discussed in further detail below, it may be desired to spin the engine in a reverse orientation (opposite that of the default direction). For example, in order to rationalize the humidity sensor (e.g. 258), DEF may be injected into the exhaust manifold, where spinning the engine in reverse may draw the DEF into the intake, in the direction illustrated by arrow 263, where the humidity sensor may respond due to the DEF comprising a 32.5% UREA and 67.5% deionized water. More specifically, the water content in the injected DEF may result in a response in the humidity sensor (e.g. 258), under conditions where the humidity sensor is functioning as desired.
Subsequent to routing the DEF into the intake manifold, the engine may be spun or rotated unfueled in the forward, or default, direction for a predetermined duration. While the engine is being rotated in the forward direction, the DEF that was routed to the intake manifold may be re-rerouted back to the exhaust system, exemplified by arrow 264. As will be discussed in further detail below, routing DEF back into the exhaust system may serve to populate the SCR catalyst (e.g. 229) with ammonia. In this way, the injected DEF may ensure that the SCR catalyst is primed for an engine start event, such that undesired emissions may be reduced or avoided. In some examples, depending on a loading state and a desired loading state of the SCR catalyst as indicated via a model, one or more additional injections of DEF may be conducted during the rotating the engine unfueled in the forward direction. A method for conducting such a humidity sensor diagnostic will be discussed in detail below with regard to FIG. 4.
FIGS. 3A and 3B show an example circuit 300 that may be used for reversing a spin orientation of an electric motor. Circuit 300 schematically depicts an H-Bridge circuit that may be used to run a motor 310 in a first (forward) direction and alternately in a second (reverse) direction. Circuit 300 comprises a first (LO) side 320 and a second (HI) side 330. Side 320 includes transistors 321 and 322, while side 330 includes transistors 331 and 332. Circuit 300 further includes a power source 340.
In FIG. 3A, transistors 321 and 332 are activated (energized), while transistors 322 and 331 are off. In this confirmation, the left lead 351 of motor 310 is connected to power source 340, and the right lead 352 of motor 310 is connected to ground. In this way, motor 300 may run in a forward direction. When operating the engine in a forward direction via the motor, the engine may be in a cranking mode for initial combustion commencement. Additionally and/or alternatively, when operating the engine in a forward direction via the motor, the engine (and motor or another motor) may be in a drive mode to drive the vehicle. It may be understood that in some examples, the engine may be spun in the forward (e.g. default) direction under conditions where the vehicle is stationary and it is desired only for the engine to be spun or rotated in the forward direction, without combustion.
In FIG. 3B, transistors 322 and 331 are activated (energized), while transistors 321 and 332 are off. In this confirmation, the right lead 352 of motor 310 is connected to power source 340, and the left lead 351 of motor 310 is connected to ground. In this way, motor 310 may run in a reverse direction.
Thus, a system for a vehicle may comprise an engine system including an intake system, exhaust system, and engine, a diesel exhaust fluid injection system configured to inject a diesel exhaust fluid into the exhaust system upstream of a selective catalytic reduction catalyst, a motor configured to at least rotate the engine unfueled via power from a battery, a humidity sensor positioned in the intake system, and a controller storing instructions in non-transitory memory that, when executed, cause the controller to: responsive to conditions being met for conducting a humidity sensor diagnostic test, rotate the engine unfueled in reverse at a predetermined engine speed for a predetermined duration via the motor, inject a predetermined amount of diesel exhaust fluid into the exhaust system where the rotating the engine unfueled in reverse draws the diesel exhaust fluid into the intake system to rationalize the humidity sensor. Such a system may further include additional instructions to, subsequent to rotating the engine unfueled in reverse for the predetermined duration, stop the rotating the engine unfueled in reverse and commence rotating the engine unfueled in a forward direction for a predetermined duration via the motor, to route the diesel exhaust fluid back to the exhaust system in order to load the selective catalytic reduction catalyst with ammonia, and where conditions being met include at least a predetermined vehicle-off duration.
Such a system may further comprise a throttle positioned in the intake system upstream of the humidity sensor, and wherein the controller stores additional instructions to obtain a baseline humidity measurement from the humidity sensor just prior to rotating the engine unfueled in reverse by commanding the throttle to a predetermined open position to couple the intake system to atmosphere. The system may maintain the throttle at the predetermined open position or a fully open position during the rotating the engine unfueled in reverse, and may command or maintain the throttle to the fully open position just prior to rotating the engine unfueled in the forward direction, where rationalizing the humidity sensor includes indicating that the humidity sensor is functioning as desired responsive to a humidity measurement during the rotating the engine unfueled in reverse being greater than the baseline humidity measurement by at least a threshold amount.
For such a system, the diesel exhaust fluid may comprise a mixture of urea and water, where the water may stimulate the humidity sensor to rationalize the humidity sensor, and where the urea may be converted to ammonia at the selective catalytic reduction catalyst.
Such a system may further comprise an exhaust gas recirculation system selectively coupled to the engine system via an exhaust gas recirculation valve, an evaporative emissions system selectively coupled to the engine system via a canister purge valve, and the controller may store additional instructions to command both the exhaust gas recirculation valve and the canister purge valve to closed positions during the rotating the engine unfueled in both the forward and reverse directions.
Turning now to FIG. 4, a high-level example method 400 for conducting a humidity sensor diagnostic on a humidity sensor positioned in an engine intake system of a vehicle, is shown. More specifically, method 400 may include injection of a diesel exhaust fluid (DEF) into an exhaust system upstream of an SCR catalyst, and may further include rotating or spinning an engine in a reverse orientation (compared to a default, or forward direction) in order to route the DEF into the intake system of the engine. In cases where the humidity sensor is functioning as desired, the humidity sensor may output a response greater than a threshold response over a baseline humidity measurement. However, if the humidity sensor is not functioning as desired, the humidity sensor may not respond, or any response may be below the threshold response over the baseline humidity measurement. Subsequent to assessing the functionality of the humidity sensor, the engine may be spun or rotated in the forward direction, to direct the DEF back into the exhaust system, where it may serve to populate the SCR catalyst with ammonia, for subsequent engine startup event. In this way, a vehicle intake humidity sensor may be diagnosed via the water content of the DEF, as one commonly used DEF comprises 32.5% UREA and 67.5% deionized water, and furthermore the injection of DEF may additionally populate the SCR catalyst in the exhaust system, subsequent to diagnosing the humidity sensor.
Method 400 will be described with reference to the systems described herein and shown in FIGS. 1-2, though it should be understood that similar methods may be applied to other systems without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Method 400 may be carried out by a controller, such as controller 212 in FIG. 2, and may be stored at the controller as executable instructions in non-transitory memory. Instructions for carrying out method 400 and the rest of the methods included herein may be executed by the controller based on instructions stored on a memory of the controller and in conjunction with signals received from sensors of the engine system, such as the sensors described above with reference to FIGS. 1-2. The controller may employ engine system actuators, such as motor (e.g. 120), throttle (e.g. 262), canister purge valve (e.g. 261), EGR valve (e.g. 253), DEF injector (e.g. 243), DEF pump (e.g. 246), DEF heater (e.g. 247), etc., according to the method below.
Method 400 begins at 405, and may include indicating whether conditions are met for conducting a humidity sensor diagnostic. Conditions being met for conducting the humidity sensor diagnostic may include a predetermined amount of time elapsing since a prior humidity sensor diagnostic, in one example. The predetermined amount of time may include less than two days, two days, three days, greater than three days but less than 8 days, greater than 8 days but less than 12 days, etc.
In some examples conditions being met at 405 may additionally or alternatively include an indication that the humidity sensor (e.g. 258) is not functioning as desired. Examples may include a situation where the vehicle controller (e.g. 212) may monitor variation in an output signal from the humidity sensor during a transient time period such as an engine cold start, to indicate if the sensor is outputting a changing humidity as expected. In some examples, the controller may additionally or alternatively compare humidity sensor output signals and measurements across a number of prior drive cycles and different days of operation of the vehicle in order to indicate with a certain probability that the humidity sensor may not be functioning as desired. Other examples may include the vehicle controller comparing output signals from the humidity sensor to humidity readings obtained from a source external to the vehicle, such as regional or local weather reports (obtained via communication with the internet, for example) or forecast from a satellite of other weather broadcast. Still other examples may include comparison of the vehicle's humidity sensor output with one or more other vehicle or infrastructure humidity sensors, where such data may be acquired via V2V (vehicle-to-vehicle) or V2X (vehicle-to-infrastructure) communications, etc. In such examples, the humidity external to the vehicle may comprise a humidity that may be indicative of the humidity as sensed by the vehicle humidity sensor (e.g. 258), for example. Thus, such comparisons of vehicle humidity sensor measurements with an external humidity sensor may be restricted to external humidity sensor measurements within a predetermined radius or specified distance from the vehicle.
In still further examples, conditions being met at 405 may additionally or alternatively include an indication that a soak-time, or vehicle-off duration of time since a key-off event, is greater than a threshold soak-time duration. For examples, such a threshold soak-time duration may comprise 2 hours, between 2 hours and 4 hours, between 4 hours and 8 hours, etc. In some examples, the soak-time threshold may be a function of an amount of time for exhaust temperatures, engine heat from combustion during a previous drive cycle, etc., to reach a point where such factors may not adversely affect the outcome of the humidity sensor diagnostic.
In still further examples, conditions being met at 405 may additionally or alternatively include an indication that an amount of DEF stored in the DEF tank (e.g. 239) is greater than a threshold amount, such that DEF may be reliably injected into the exhaust system, as will be described in further detail below.
In yet another example, conditions being met at 405 may additionally or alternatively include an indication that there is not degradation in the intake system, exhaust system, or engine which would adversely affect the outcome of the humidity sensor diagnostic.
If, at 405, it is indicated that conditions are not met for conducting the humidity sensor diagnostic, method 400 may proceed to 410. At 410, method 400 may include maintaining current vehicle operating parameters. Maintaining current vehicle operating parameters at 410 may include maintaining engine operation if the vehicle is being propelled at least in part, via the engine. Other examples may include maintaining operation of a motor (e.g. 120) to propel the vehicle, if the vehicle is being propelled at least in part, via the motor. In still other examples, if the vehicle is not in operation, but conditions are not yet indicated to be met for conducting the humidity sensor diagnostic, method 400 may include maintaining relevant components of the vehicle system in their current states. Method 400 may then end.
Alternatively, if, at 405, it is indicated that conditions are met for conducting the humidity sensor diagnostic, method 400 may proceed to 415. At 415, method 400 may include waking the vehicle controller, such that the diagnostic may be conducted. As an example, one or more of the above-mentioned conditions may be indicated to be met for conducting the humidity sensor diagnostic at a key-off event, where the vehicle system is shut down. However, for conditions to be fully met for conducting the humidity sensor diagnostic, the vehicle system may need to soak for the threshold soak-time duration. Thus, at the key-off event the vehicle controller may request a humidity sensor diagnostic, or humidity sensor rationalization, to be conducted during the vehicle-off condition, and may thus set a timer that may be coupled to a circuit that may enable the circuit to wake the controller in response to the timer duration expiring.
Responsive to waking the controller at 415, method 400 may proceed to 420. At 420, method 400 may include commanding or maintaining a throttle (e.g. 262) to a predetermined open position. In some examples, the predetermined open position may comprise a position greater than closed but not fully open, or fully open. By commanding or maintaining the throttle at the predetermined open position, the humidity sensor (e.g. 258) positioned in the intake system may sense a similar humidity as that of air external to the vehicle (e.g. in a vicinity immediately surrounding the vehicle). Furthermore, at 420, method 400 may include commanding or maintaining both a CPV (e.g. 261) and an EGR valve (e.g. 253) in their respective closed configurations.
With the throttle commanded to the predetermined open position, and with the CPV and EGR valve closed, method 400 may proceed to 425 and may include obtaining baseline humidity data. For example, because the humidity sensor may sense a similar environment as that immediately surrounding the vehicle, due to the throttle being in the predetermined open position, it may be understood that the baseline humidity data obtained at 425 may represent humidity of the air in the vicinity immediately surrounding the vehicle.
Baseline humidity data may be retrieved via the controller after a predetermined duration subsequent to commanding the throttle to the predetermined open position. The predetermined duration may comprise a duration where it is expected that the air in the intake system is substantially equivalent to the air immediately surrounding the vehicle. In other words, the predetermined duration may comprise a duration where air immediately external to the vehicle may sufficiently mix with air in the intake system of the vehicle, until the air in the intake system is substantially equivalent to the air immediately external to the vehicle. Thus, the humidity sensor readings during the obtaining the baseline data may represent humidity substantially equivalent to humidity immediately surrounding the vehicle. In examples where the throttle is already at the predetermined open position, then baseline data may be obtained immediately at 425, as the air in the intake system would already be expected to be substantially equivalent to air immediately surrounding the vehicle.
Baseline humidity data may be obtained via one or more readings or output signals sent from the humidity sensor to the controller. In a case where a plurality of readings are obtained, the readings may be averaged or otherwise processed to obtain a high confidence baseline humidity measurement. The baseline humidity sensor data may be stored at the controller.
Proceeding to 430, method 400 may include injecting a predetermined amount of DEF into the vehicle exhaust system upstream of the SCR catalyst. The predetermined amount may comprise an amount of DEF that is likely to result in the humidity sensor outputting a response greater than a threshold response over the baseline humidity measurement under conditions where the humidity sensor is functioning as desired. As will be discussed below, in some examples, the predetermined amount of DEF injected may further be a function of a current level of ammonia stored at the SCR catalyst compared to a desired level. For example, more DEF may in some examples be injected if the current level of ammonia stored at the SCR catalyst is lower, as compared to a situation where the current level of ammonia stored at the SCR catalyst is higher. In a case where more DEF is injected based on the current level of ammonia stored at the SCR catalyst, any thresholds (discussed below) related to the rationalizing of the humidity sensor may be adjusted accordingly. For example, a threshold for indicating the humidity sensor is functioning as desired may be raised under conditions where more DEF is injected than usual.
At 430, method 400 may further include rotating the engine in reverse unfueled. As mentioned above, rotating the engine in reverse may be conducted via a motor (e.g. 120), via power from an onboard energy storage device (e.g. 150). In some examples, the engine may be rotated for a predetermined duration at a predetermined speed prior to the injection of the DEF into the exhaust system. By rotating the engine prior to DEF injection, the DEF injection may be more likely to vaporize and easily be drawn into the intake manifold where the water content may excite the humidity sensor.
As mentioned, the engine may be rotated in reverse in some examples prior to injection of DEF into the exhaust system. In some examples, the predetermined duration and predetermined speed of engine rotation in reverse may comprise a predetermined duration and predetermined speed such that a predetermined temperature may be reached in the exhaust system/engine. The predetermined temperature may comprise a temperature that encourages vaporization of the DEF, such that it may be readily drawn into the intake system via the engine spinning in reverse.
In some examples, the speed at which the engine is rotated in reverse prior to the DEF injection may be the same or substantially equivalent speed at which the engine is rotated after the DEF injection. However, in other examples, the speed may not be the same, and the engine speed subsequent to the DEF injection may be either less than, or greater than engine speed just prior to the DEF injection.
Subsequent to the DEF injection, the engine may be spun for (another) predetermined duration in reverse, where such a predetermined duration may comprise an amount of time where it is expected that the DEF would be routed to the intake system to excite the humidity sensor, but not routed past the throttle and to atmosphere. In other words, the duration of engine spinning in reverse may comprise a duration whereby the humidity sensor may be excited via the water content of the DEF, but where duration is not sufficient to route the DEF out of the intake system to atmosphere.
Proceeding to 435, method 400 may include indicating whether the humidity sensor response during the spinning the engine unfueled in reverse (subsequent to the injection of DEF into the exhaust system) is greater than the baseline humidity data obtained at step 425 by the threshold amount. If the response is indicated to not be greater than the threshold amount subsequent to the predetermined duration of engine spinning in reverse after injection of DEF into the exhaust system, method 400 may proceed to 440. At 440, method 400 may include indicating that the humidity sensor is degraded, or is not functioning as desired. Proceeding to 445, method 400 may include updating vehicle operating parameters to reflect the degraded humidity sensor. In some examples, updating vehicle operating parameters at 445 may include the vehicle controller commanding an electric-only mode of vehicle operation as frequently as possible, to mitigate any issues with engine operation stemming from an inaccurate humidity measurement. In other examples, humidity may be estimated or approximated via sources external to the vehicle. For example, humidity estimations may be retrieved via V2V or V2X communications, where the vehicle controller initiates communication with one or more other vehicles or infrastructures within a predetermined threshold radius or other distance of the vehicle, in order to retrieve reasonable estimates of humidity in close proximity to the vehicle. In other examples, humidity measurements may be retrieved via GPS or other onboard navigation system, and may include cross-referencing humidity data with humidity data retrieved from the internet, for example. In still other examples, humidity may be estimated via other sensors positioned in the vehicle, if the vehicle is equipped with such sensors. In some examples, such a humidity estimate may be retrieved from one or more sensors that may reflect a similar humidity as that in the intake system of the vehicle.
Subsequent to updating vehicle operating parameters at 445 in response to indicated degradation of the humidity sensor position in the vehicle intake system, method 400 may proceed to 450. At 450, method 400 may include stopping the engine spinning in reverse, and may include spinning the engine unfueled in the default, or forward, direction, for a predetermined duration. In such an example, an H-bridge, such as that depicted in FIGS. 3A-3B, may be utilized such that the vehicle controller may actuate the engine to rotate in the forward direction. As with the reverse engine spin, a default or forward engine spin may be carried out via the motor (e.g. 120), using power supplied via the onboard energy storage device (e.g. 150), which may comprise a battery, for example.
Spinning the engine unfueled in the forward direction may comprise spinning the engine unfueled in the forward direction for a predetermined duration. Spinning the engine unfueled in the forward direction may serve at least two purposes. First, spinning the engine in the forward direction may result in a vacuum in the intake system, which may thus route the injected DEF back to the exhaust system. Second, as discussed above, the exhaust system may include a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst. Thus, by spinning the engine unfueled in the forward direction, the DEF may be used to load the SCR. More specifically, as mentioned above, DEF comprises a mixture of water and urea. The urea from the injected DEF breaks down to form ammonia (NH3), which is the reductant utilized in reactions with oxides of nitrogen (NOx) from exhaust flow while the engine is in operation and is combusting fuel and air. Briefly, the ammonia is adsorbed onto the SCR catalyst, which is then utilized to convert NOx to nitrogen and water, with CO2 as a reaction product.
The complete decomposition of urea takes place in several steps when the vehicle engine is combusting air and fuel. The water in the solution is first evaporated, releasing the urea. The urea then decomposes to release one ammonia molecule and one isocyanic acid (HNCO) molecule. The next step is for the HNCO to decompose to release a second NH3 molecule, and one CO2. The two ammonia molecules may then be available for NOx reduction.
However, it is known that urea decomposition to two ammonia molecules does not reach completion in the gas phase at temperatures below about 300° C. More specifically, only about 20% of urea decomposes to HNCO and NH3 in the gas phase at 300° C., and HNCO has been shown to be very stable in the gas phase. Thus, during low temperature conditions such as when the engine is spun in the forward direction in the presence of DEF injected into the exhaust system upstream of the SCR catalyst, very nearly all of the urea decomposition may occur on the surfaces of the SCR catalyst. In this way, the SCR catalyst may be loaded with ammonia to be utilized in reactions with NOx at a next engine startup event, where such a startup event includes the engine combusting air and fuel. By pre-loading the SCR catalyst, injections of DEF may be delayed or otherwise altered as a function of the loading state of the SCR catalyst at a next engine startup event.
As mentioned, to route DEF from the intake system to the exhaust system, to populate the SCR catalyst with ammonia, the engine may be spun unfueled for the predetermined duration. The predetermined duration may thus include an amount of time expected for all of the DEF to be completely re-rerouted back to the exhaust system. In some examples, engine speed may comprise a same or substantially equivalent engine speed in the forward direction as the speed the engine was spun in the reverse direction. However, in other examples, engine speed may be differentially controlled when spinning the engine in the forward direction at step 450. For example, engine speed may be increased in some examples. In other examples, engine speed may be decreased in the forward direction as compared to when it was spun in the reverse direction. In still other examples, engine speed may be controlled to achieve a desired engine temperature. The desired temperature may in some examples comprise a temperature where it is likely that all the DEF is routed from the intake system to the exhaust system.
In some examples, the vehicle controller may include or employ an SCR catalyst model that may estimate an amount of ammonia that is loaded onto the SCR catalyst. Thus, a loading state of the SCR catalyst may be known or estimated via the vehicle controller, prior to conducting the humidity sensor diagnostic. Based on the amount injected, and current canister loading state, the vehicle controller may estimate an updated loading state of the SCR catalyst (where loading state refers to an amount of ammonia loaded onto the SCR catalyst). Accordingly, proceeding to 455, method 400 may include indicating an updated SCR catalyst loading state, after the engine has been spun unfueled in the forward direction for the predetermined duration. While not explicitly illustrated, in some examples, one or more additional DEF injections may be performed during the spinning the engine unfueled in the forward direction, as a function of SCR catalyst loading state. For example, if a current loading state (prior to conducting the humidity sensor diagnostic) is known, and it is inferred from the SCR catalyst model that one DEF injection would not sufficiently populate the SCR catalyst with a desired level (e.g. saturation level) of ammonia, then one or more additional injections of DEF may be conducted during the spinning the engine unfueled in the forward direction. The desired level of ammonia loaded onto the catalyst may comprise a level at which reductions in emissions may be accomplished during a subsequent cold-start of the engine, for example.
Subsequent to updating a loading state of the SCR catalyst at 455, method 400 may proceed to 460. At 460, method 400 may include stopping the spinning the engine in the forward direction, and may further include returning the throttle to the default configuration. In other examples, the throttle may be maintained in its current configuration. Stopping the engine may comprise the vehicle controller commanding the electric motor to slow the vehicle engine to a halt, or in other examples the motor may be shut off, and the engine may spin to a halt. Method 400 may then end.
Returning to 435, if the humidity sensor response is greater than the baseline data by the threshold amount subsequent to injecting the DEF into the exhaust system and rotating the engine unfueled in reverse, method 400 may proceed to 465. At 465, method 400 may include indicating that the humidity sensor is functioning as desired. For example, such an indication may be stored at the controller, indicating a time and date of the successful humidity sensor test diagnostic. Proceeding to 470, method 400 may include updating vehicle operation parameters. For example, since the outcome of the humidity sensor indicated that the humidity sensor is functioning as desired, vehicle operating parameters may be maintained at 470. Furthermore, a humidity sensor diagnostic test schedule may be updated, to reflect the recent results of the humidity sensor test diagnostic.
Continuing to 450, the rest of method 400 may be conducted in a substantially equivalent fashion as that described above. Briefly, the engine may be controlled via the vehicle controller to stop spinning in the reverse direction, and may be commanded to rotate in the forward direction for a predetermined duration, to populate or load the SCR catalyst with ammonia to prepare the vehicle for a subsequent start-up event. During the spinning the engine in the forward direction, one or more additional injections of DEF may be conducted, based on the model of the loading state of the SCR catalyst, and a desired loading state.
At 455, the loading state of the SCR catalyst may be updated as a function of the amount of DEF injected into the exhaust system. Such an updated loading state may be based on a model of SCR catalyst loading state, as discussed above. Subsequent to updating the loading state of the SCR catalyst, method 400 may proceed to 460, and may include stopping the engine spinning in reverse, and may include restoring the throttle to the default position, or maintaining the throttle in its current configuration. Method 400 may then end.
Thus, a method may include injecting a diesel exhaust fluid into an exhaust system of an engine of the vehicle, and rotating the engine unfueled in reverse to draw the diesel exhaust fluid into an intake system of the engine. The method may include rationalizing a humidity sensor positioned in the intake system subsequent to the injection of the diesel exhaust fluid into the exhaust system and the rotating the engine unfueled in reverse, and rotating the engine unfueled in a forward direction subsequent to rationalizing the humidity sensor, to route the diesel exhaust fluid back into the exhaust system.
In one example, the method may further comprise obtaining a baseline humidity sensor measurement from the humidity sensor positioned in the intake system just prior to injecting the diesel exhaust fluid into the exhaust system and rotating the engine unfueled in reverse, where obtaining the baseline humidity sensor measurement includes commanding an intake system throttle to a predetermined open position, to couple the intake system to atmosphere. In such a method, rationalizing the humidity sensor may include indicating that the humidity sensor is functioning as desired responsive to a humidity sensor test measurement during the drawing the diesel exhaust fluid into the intake system being greater than the baseline humidity sensor measurement by at least a threshold amount.
In another example, the method may further comprise maintaining a canister purge valve configured to couple an evaporative emissions system of the vehicle to an engine system, in a closed conformation, and maintaining an exhaust gas recirculation valve configured to enable exhaust gas to be routed back to the intake system, in a closed conformation during the rotating the engine unfueled in both the reverse direction and the forward direction.
In yet another example of the method, injecting the diesel exhaust fluid into the exhaust system may further comprise injecting the diesel exhaust fluid into the exhaust system upstream of a selective catalytic reduction catalyst, and wherein rotating the engine in the forward direction subsequent to rationalizing the humidity sensor routes the diesel exhaust fluid into the exhaust system in order to load the selective catalytic reduction catalyst with ammonia. In such an example, a controller of the vehicle may employ a model to infer a loading state of the selective catalytic reduction catalyst, where inferring the loading state involves determining an amount of ammonia loaded on the selective catalytic reduction catalyst. In some examples, such a method may further comprise injecting additional diesel exhaust fluid into the exhaust system during the rotating the engine in the forward direction, based on a desired loading amount of the selective catalytic reduction catalyst with ammonia. As an example, the diesel exhaust fluid may comprise a mixture of urea and water, and where the urea may react with the selective catalytic reduction catalyst to form ammonia.
In still another example of the method, injecting the diesel exhaust fluid into the exhaust system of the engine is commenced via a wake-up of the controller at a predetermined duration of time after a vehicle-off event, where a request to rationalize the humidity sensor is requested for the vehicle-off event.
Turning now to FIG. 5, an example timeline 500 is shown for conducting a humidity sensor diagnostic, according to the methods depicted herein and with reference to FIG. 4, and as applied to the systems depicted herein and with reference to FIGS. 1-2. Timeline 500 includes plot 505, indicating an engine speed, over time. Engine speed may represent speed of the engine while the engine is being spun, or rotated, in the forward or reverse direction. In such examples, an electric motor (e.g. 120) may be used to rotate the motor in the forward or reverse direction. Timeline 500 further includes plot 510, indicating whether fuel injection to one or more engine cylinders is on, or off, over time. Timeline 500 further includes plot 515, indicating a position of an intake throttle (e.g. 262), over time. Timeline 500 further includes plot 520, indicating whether a DEF injector (e.g. 243) is on (where DEF is injected) or off (where DEF injection is prevented), over time. While not explicitly illustrated, it may be understood that in order for DEF to be injected, a DEF pump (e.g. 246) may be activated to pressurize DEF to route it to the DEF injector.
Timeline 500 further includes plot 525, indicating an output signal from a humidity sensor (e.g. 258), over time, where the output signal corresponds to an estimated, inferred, or measured humidity in the vicinity of the humidity sensor. Line 526 represents a baseline humidity in an intake system of the vehicle. Line 527 represents a threshold humidity (humidity greater than the baseline humidity by a threshold amount), which, if reached or exceeded during a humidity sensor diagnostic, indicates that the humidity sensor is functioning as desired.
Timeline 500 further includes plot 530, indicating whether conditions are met (yes) or not (no) for conducting the humidity sensor diagnostic, discussed in detail above at step 405 of method 400. Timeline 500 further includes plot 535, indicating a loading state of an SCR catalyst, over time. Here, loading state may refer an amount of ammonia (NH3) loaded onto the SCR catalyst. Line 536 represents a desired SCR catalyst loading state. Timeline 500 further includes plot 540, indicating whether the humidity sensor is functioning as desired (yes) or not (no), over time.
At time t0, the engine is off (plot 505) and thus fuel injection (plot 510) to one or more engine cylinders is off. The intake throttle is in a default closed position (plot 515), and the DEF injector is off (plot 520). Conditions are not yet indicated to be met for conducting the humidity sensor diagnostic (plot 530). The SCR catalyst is populated with some ammonia (plot 535), but is not saturated, and there is no conclusive information indicating that the humidity sensor is not functioning as desired, and thus, the humidity sensor is indicated to be functioning as desired (plot 540).
Thus, it may be understood that at time t0 the vehicle is an off configuration. The controller may not be awake at time t0, thus the humidity sensor may not be actively monitoring/measuring humidity in the intake system. Accordingly, between time t0 and t1, plot 525 is indicated as a dashed line, representing an actual humidity in the intake system, for reference.
At time t1, conditions are indication to be met for conducting the humidity sensor diagnostic. As discussed above at step 405 of method 400, there may be a plurality of conditions that may be met prior to conducting the humidity sensor diagnostic. In this example timeline, it may be understood that at time t1, a soak-time, or vehicle-off duration since a key-off event is greater than a threshold soak-time duration. In other words, between time t0 and t1, a humidity sensor diagnostic is requested, however the soak-time duration is less than the threshold soak-time duration. Thus, between time t0 and t1, conditions are not indicated to be met for conducting the humidity sensor diagnostic, but at time t1 conditions are indicated to be met as the soak-time threshold duration is indicated.
Accordingly, at time t1, the throttle (e.g. 262) is controlled to a predetermined open position, as discussed above at step 420 of method 400. The predetermined open position may comprise a position such that the intake system is coupled to atmosphere, such that the intake system air may become substantially equivalent to external air immediately surrounding the vehicle.
With the throttle controlled to the predetermined open position, between time t1 and t2, one or more humidity sensor measurements are obtained via the vehicle controller. More specifically, the humidity sensor may output a signal which is a function of humidity, and such a signal may be communicated to the vehicle controller. As discussed, in some examples, a plurality of measurements may be obtained, and averaged or otherwise processed to obtain a high confidence humidity measurement. Such a measurement may comprise a baseline humidity measurement. Accordingly, by time t2, a baseline humidity measurement, indicated by line 526, is established and stored at the vehicle controller.
At time t2, subsequent to obtaining the baseline humidity sensor data, represented by line 526, the engine is initiated to rotate in reverse at a predetermined engine speed (RPM) for a predetermined duration. Rotating the engine in reverse may be carried out via a motor (e.g. 120). With the engine rotating in reverse, between time t2 and t3, a single injection of DEF is commanded via the vehicle controller, upstream of the SCR catalyst. With the engine rotating in reverse, and with DEF injected into the exhaust system, a vacuum may develop in the exhaust system which may route the injected DEF into the intake manifold of the vehicle, where the humidity sensor may respond if the humidity sensor is functioning as desired.
At time t3, the humidity sensor outputs a signal that is substantially equivalent to the threshold humidity (humidity greater than the baseline humidity by a threshold amount), and between time t3 and t4, the humidity sensor output signal exceeds the threshold. Accordingly, the humidity sensor is indicated to be functioning as desired (e.g. the diagnosis of the humidity sensor as functioning as desired remains unchanged).
At time t4, the predetermined duration of rotating the engine in reverse expires. Accordingly, between time t4 and t5, the engine is slowed to an off configuration, and then at time t5 the engine is again commenced rotating unfueled via the electric motor, yet this time the engine is rotated in the forward, or default, direction. Furthermore, responsive to rotating the engine in the forward direction, the throttle is commanded to a more open position than that during the rotating the engine unfueled in reverse. In this way, an amount of air flow through the intake system and into the exhaust system may be increased.
Between time t5 and t6, the engine is rotated in the forward direction, and two more injections of DEF are commanded via the vehicle controller. The injections may be based on a loading state of the SCR catalyst, which may be indicated via a model stored at the controller, for example. Such a model may be based on at least engine run time, DEF injection number and amount, etc. More specifically, the model may indicate current SCR catalyst loading state, and the model may further indicate a desired SCR catalyst loading state, indicated by line 536. The desired loading state may represent a loading state that may reduce undesired emissions at a subsequent engine cold-start event, for example.
With the engine rotating in the forward direction between time t5 and t6, and responsive to the additional injections of DEF into the exhaust system upstream of the SCR catalyst, SCR loading state rises until the desired SCR catalyst loading state is reached.
At time t6, the predetermined duration for rotating the engine in the forward direction expires. Thus, at time t6 it may be understood that the DEF that was routed to the intake system (e.g. the first injection between time t2 and t3) is now all re-rerouted out of the intake system and into the exhaust system, where it may populate the SCR catalyst with ammonia, along with the two DEF injections (between time t5 and t6) which may further serve to populate the SCR catalyst with ammonia.
Responsive to the predetermined duration for rotating the engine in the forward direction expiring, the engine may be controlled to an off configuration, and the throttle may be controlled to its default vehicle-off configuration.
In this way, a humidity sensor positioned in the intake system of a hybrid vehicle may be periodically rationalized, such that it may be indicated as to whether the humidity sensor is functioning as desired. Such a method utilizing DEF injection into the exhaust system and subsequent routing of the DEF to the intake system where it may interact with the humidity sensor, may enable humidity sensor rationalization in a vehicle where engine run time is limited, such as a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV), plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV), S/S/, etc. By using such a method, rationalizing the humidity sensor via other humidity sensors in the vehicle, temperature sensors, pressure sensors, oxygen sensors, etc., may be avoided, which may reduce uncertainty in the humidity estimations.
The technical effect is to recognize that DEF comprises a solution in which the water content of the DEF may be used to rationalize the humidity sensor, and that routing DEF to the intake humidity sensor may be accomplished via rotating the engine unfueled in reverse subsequent to a DEF injection into the exhaust system. A further technical effect is to recognize that the DEF injected into the exhaust system, and routed to the intake system, may further be routed back to the exhaust system subsequent to rationalization of the humidity sensor. In this way, the DEF may be purged from the intake system subsequent to the humidity sensor diagnostic. Thus, a still further technical effect is to recognize that the DEF being re-routed to the exhaust system may be utilized to load an SCR catalyst with ammonia, for use in a subsequent engine start event.
The systems described herein, and with reference to FIGS. 1-3B, along with the methods described herein, and with reference to FIG. 4, may enable one or more systems and one or more methods. In one example, a method comprises obtaining a baseline humidity measurement via a humidity sensor positioned in an intake system of an engine; while rotating the engine unfueled in a reverse direction, injecting a fluid into an exhaust system coupled to the engine which is drawn by the engine into the intake system; and rationalizing the humidity sensor as a function of a humidity measurement of the injected fluid by the humidity sensor and the baseline humidity measurement. In a first example of the method, the method may further include wherein the fluid comprises diesel exhaust fluid. A second example of the method optionally includes the first example, and further includes wherein obtaining the baseline humidity measurement comprises commanding a throttle positioned in the intake system to a predetermined open position to couple the intake system and humidity sensor to atmosphere just prior to rotating the engine unfueled in the reverse direction. A third example of the method optionally includes any one or more or each of the first and second examples, and further includes wherein obtaining the baseline humidity measurement and rationalizing the humidity sensor via rotating the engine unfueled in reverse and injecting the fluid into the exhaust is commenced responsive to a predetermined duration of time elapsing since a vehicle-off event, where rationalizing the humidity sensor is requested during the vehicle-off event. A fourth example of the method optionally includes any one or more or each of the first through third examples, and further comprising rotating the engine in reverse at a predetermined engine speed. A fifth example of the method optionally includes any one or more or each of the first through fourth examples, and further includes wherein rotating the engine in reverse is for a predetermined duration which comprises an amount of time where a response from the humidity sensor is expected provided that the humidity sensor is functioning as desired, without routing the fluid to atmosphere. A sixth example of the method optionally includes any one or more or each of the first through fifth examples, and further includes wherein rationalizing the humidity sensor further comprises indicating that the humidity sensor is functioning as desired responsive to the humidity sensor outputting a signal that is greater than a threshold amount above the baseline humidity measurement; and indicating that the humidity sensor is not functioning as desired responsive to the humidity sensor outputting a signal that is lower than the threshold amount above the baseline humidity measurement. A seventh example of the method optionally includes any one or more or each of the first through sixth examples, and further comprises responsive to rationalizing the humidity sensor, rotating the engine unfueled in a forward direction, to route the fluid from the intake system back into the exhaust system.
Another example of a method comprises injecting a diesel exhaust fluid into an exhaust system of an engine of the vehicle, and rotating the engine unfueled in reverse to draw the diesel exhaust fluid into an intake system of the engine; rationalizing a humidity sensor positioned in the intake system subsequent to the injection of the diesel exhaust fluid into the exhaust system and the rotating the engine unfueled in reverse; and rotating the engine unfueled in a forward direction subsequent to rationalizing the humidity sensor, to route the diesel exhaust fluid back into the exhaust system. In a first example of the method, the method further comprises obtaining a baseline humidity sensor measurement from the humidity sensor positioned in the intake system just prior to injecting the diesel exhaust fluid into the exhaust system and rotating the engine unfueled in reverse, where obtaining the baseline humidity sensor measurement includes commanding an intake system throttle to a predetermined open position, to couple the intake system to atmosphere; and wherein rationalizing the humidity sensor includes indicating that the humidity sensor is functioning as desired responsive to a humidity sensor test measurement during the drawing the diesel exhaust fluid into the intake system being greater than the baseline humidity sensor measurement by at least a threshold amount. A second example of the method optionally includes the first example, and further comprises maintaining a canister purge valve, configured to couple an evaporative emissions system of the vehicle to an engine system, in a closed conformation, and maintaining an exhaust gas recirculation valve configured to enable exhaust gas to be routed back to the intake system, in a closed conformation during the rotating the engine unfueled in both the reverse direction and the forward direction. A third example of the method optionally includes any one or more or each of the first and second examples, and further includes wherein injecting the diesel exhaust fluid into the exhaust system further comprises injecting the diesel exhaust fluid into the exhaust system upstream of a selective catalytic reduction catalyst; and wherein rotating the engine in the forward direction subsequent to rationalizing the humidity sensor routes the diesel exhaust fluid into the exhaust system in order to load the selective catalytic reduction catalyst with ammonia. A fourth example of the method optionally includes any one or more or each of the first through third examples, and further includes wherein a controller of the vehicle employs a model to infer a loading state of the selective catalytic reduction catalyst, where inferring the loading state involves determining an amount of ammonia loaded on the selective catalytic reduction catalyst. A fifth example of the method optionally includes any one or more or each of the first through fourth examples, and further comprises injecting additional diesel exhaust fluid into the exhaust system during the rotating the engine in the forward direction, based on a desired loading amount of the selective catalytic reduction catalyst with ammonia. A sixth example of the method optionally includes any one or more or each of the first through fifth examples, and further includes wherein the diesel exhaust fluid comprises a mixture of urea and water, and where the urea reacts with the selective catalytic reduction catalyst to form ammonia. A seventh example of the method optionally includes any one or more or each of the first through sixth examples, and further includes wherein the injecting the diesel exhaust fluid into the exhaust system of the engine is commenced via a wake-up of the controller at a predetermined duration of time after a vehicle-off event, where a request to rationalize the humidity sensor is requested for the vehicle-off event.
An example of a system for a vehicle comprises an engine system including an intake system, exhaust system, and engine; a diesel exhaust fluid injection system configured to inject a diesel exhaust fluid into the exhaust system upstream of a selective catalytic reduction catalyst; a motor configured to at least rotate the engine unfueled via power from a battery; a humidity sensor positioned in the intake system; and a controller storing instructions in non-transitory memory that, when executed, cause the controller to: responsive to conditions being met for conducting a humidity sensor diagnostic test, rotate the engine unfueled in reverse at a predetermined engine speed for a predetermined duration via the motor, inject a predetermined amount of diesel exhaust fluid into the exhaust system where the rotating the engine unfueled in reverse draws the diesel exhaust fluid into the intake system to rationalize the humidity sensor; and subsequent to rotating the engine unfueled in reverse for the predetermined duration, stop the rotating the engine unfueled in reverse and commence rotating the engine unfueled in a forward direction for a predetermined duration via the motor, to route the diesel exhaust fluid back to the exhaust system in order to load the selective catalytic reduction catalyst with ammonia, and where conditions being met include at least a predetermined vehicle-off duration. In a first example of the system, the system further comprises a throttle positioned in the intake system upstream of the humidity sensor, and wherein the controller stores additional instructions to: obtain a baseline humidity measurement from the humidity sensor just prior to rotating the engine unfueled in reverse by commanding the throttle to a predetermined open position to couple the intake system to atmosphere; maintain the throttle at the predetermined open position or a fully open position during the rotating the engine unfueled in reverse; and command or maintain the throttle to the fully open position just prior to rotating the engine unfueled in the forward direction, where rationalizing the humidity sensor includes indicating that the humidity sensor is functioning as desired responsive to a humidity measurement during the rotating the engine unfueled in reverse being greater than the baseline humidity measurement by at least a threshold amount. A second example of the system optionally includes the first example, and further includes wherein the diesel exhaust fluid comprises a mixture of urea and water, and where the water stimulates the humidity sensor to rationalize the humidity sensor, and where the urea is converted to ammonia at the selective catalytic reduction catalyst. A third example of the system optionally includes any one or more or each of the first and second examples, and further comprises an exhaust gas recirculation system selectively coupled to the engine system via an exhaust gas recirculation valve; an evaporative emissions system selectively coupled to the engine system via a canister purge valve; and wherein the controller stores additional instructions to command both the exhaust gas recirculation valve and the canister purge valve to closed positions during the rotating the engine unfueled in both the forward and reverse directions.
obtaining a baseline humidity measurement via a humidity sensor positioned in an intake system of an engine;
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the fluid comprises diesel exhaust fluid.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein obtaining the baseline humidity measurement comprises commanding a throttle positioned in the intake system to a predetermined open position to couple the intake system and humidity sensor to atmosphere just prior to rotating the engine unfueled in the reverse direction.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein obtaining the baseline humidity measurement and rationalizing the humidity sensor via rotating the engine unfueled in reverse and injecting the fluid into the exhaust is commenced responsive to a predetermined duration of time elapsing since a vehicle-off event, where rationalizing the humidity sensor is requested during the vehicle-off event.
5. The method of claim 1, further comprising, rotating the engine in reverse at a predetermined engine speed.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein rotating the engine in reverse is for a predetermined duration which comprises an amount of time where a response from the humidity sensor is expected provided that the humidity sensor is functioning as desired, without routing the fluid to atmosphere.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein rationalizing the humidity sensor further comprises indicating that the humidity sensor is functioning as desired responsive to the humidity sensor outputting a signal that is greater than a threshold amount above the baseline humidity measurement; and
indicating that the humidity sensor is not functioning as desired responsive to the humidity sensor outputting a signal that is lower than the threshold amount above the baseline humidity measurement.
8. The method of claim 1, further comprising responsive to rationalizing the humidity sensor, rotating the engine unfueled in a forward direction, to route the fluid from the intake system back into the exhaust system.
injecting a diesel exhaust fluid into an exhaust system of an engine of the vehicle, and rotating the engine unfueled in reverse to draw the diesel exhaust fluid into an intake system of the engine;
rationalizing a humidity sensor positioned in the intake system subsequent to the injection of the diesel exhaust fluid into the exhaust system and the rotating the engine unfueled in reverse; and
rotating the engine unfueled in a forward direction subsequent to rationalizing the humidity sensor, to route the diesel exhaust fluid back into the exhaust system.
10. The method of claim 9, further comprising obtaining a baseline humidity sensor measurement from the humidity sensor positioned in the intake system just prior to injecting the diesel exhaust fluid into the exhaust system and rotating the engine unfueled in reverse, where obtaining the baseline humidity sensor measurement includes commanding an intake system throttle to a predetermined open position, to couple the intake system to atmosphere; and
wherein rationalizing the humidity sensor includes indicating that the humidity sensor is functioning as desired responsive to a humidity sensor test measurement during the drawing the diesel exhaust fluid into the intake system being greater than the baseline humidity sensor measurement by at least a threshold amount.
11. The method of claim 9, further comprising maintaining a canister purge valve, configured to couple an evaporative emissions system of the vehicle to an engine system, in a closed conformation, and maintaining an exhaust gas recirculation valve configured to enable exhaust gas to be routed back to the intake system, in a closed conformation during the rotating the engine unfueled in both the reverse direction and the forward direction.
12. The method of claim 9, wherein injecting the diesel exhaust fluid into the exhaust system further comprises injecting the diesel exhaust fluid into the exhaust system upstream of a selective catalytic reduction catalyst; and
wherein rotating the engine in the forward direction subsequent to rationalizing the humidity sensor routes the diesel exhaust fluid into the exhaust system in order to load the selective catalytic reduction catalyst with ammonia.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein a controller of the vehicle employs a model to infer a loading state of the selective catalytic reduction catalyst, where inferring the loading state involves determining an amount of ammonia loaded on the selective catalytic reduction catalyst.
14. The method of claim 12, further comprising injecting additional diesel exhaust fluid into the exhaust system during the rotating the engine in the forward direction, based on a desired loading amount of the selective catalytic reduction catalyst with ammonia.
15. The method of claim 12, wherein the diesel exhaust fluid comprises a mixture of urea and water, and where the urea reacts with the selective catalytic reduction catalyst to form ammonia.
16. The method of claim 9, wherein the injecting the diesel exhaust fluid into the exhaust system of the engine is commenced via a wake-up of the controller at a predetermined duration of time after a vehicle-off event, where a request to rationalize the humidity sensor is requested for the vehicle-off event.
an engine system including an intake system, exhaust system, and engine;
a diesel exhaust fluid injection system configured to inject a diesel exhaust fluid into the exhaust system upstream of a selective catalytic reduction catalyst;
a motor configured to at least rotate the engine unfueled via power from a battery;
a humidity sensor positioned in the intake system; and
a controller storing instructions in non-transitory memory that, when executed, cause the controller to: responsive to conditions being met for conducting a humidity sensor diagnostic test, rotate the engine unfueled in reverse at a predetermined engine speed for a predetermined duration via the motor, inject a predetermined amount of diesel exhaust fluid into the exhaust system where the rotating the engine unfueled in reverse draws the diesel exhaust fluid into the intake system to rationalize the humidity sensor; and subsequent to rotating the engine unfueled in reverse for the predetermined duration, stop the rotating the engine unfueled in reverse and commence rotating the engine unfueled in a forward direction for a predetermined duration via the motor, to route the diesel exhaust fluid back to the exhaust system in order to load the selective catalytic reduction catalyst with ammonia, and where conditions being met include at least a predetermined vehicle-off duration.
18. The system of claim 17, further comprising a throttle positioned in the intake system upstream of the humidity sensor, and wherein the controller stores additional instructions to:
obtain a baseline humidity measurement from the humidity sensor just prior to rotating the engine unfueled in reverse by commanding the throttle to a predetermined open position to couple the intake system to atmosphere;
maintain the throttle at the predetermined open position or a fully open position during the rotating the engine unfueled in reverse; and
command or maintain the throttle to the fully open position just prior to rotating the engine unfueled in the forward direction, where rationalizing the humidity sensor includes indicating that the humidity sensor is functioning as desired responsive to a humidity measurement during the rotating the engine unfueled in reverse being greater than the baseline humidity measurement by at least a threshold amount.
19. The system of claim 17, wherein the diesel exhaust fluid comprises a mixture of urea and water, and where the water stimulates the humidity sensor to rationalize the humidity sensor, and where the urea is converted to ammonia at the selective catalytic reduction catalyst.
an exhaust gas recirculation system selectively coupled to the engine system via an exhaust gas recirculation valve;
an evaporative emissions system selectively coupled to the engine system via a canister purge valve; and
wherein the controller stores additional instructions to command both the exhaust gas recirculation valve and the canister purge valve to closed positions during the rotating the engine unfueled in both the forward and reverse directions.
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Inventor: Aed M. Dudar (Canton, MI)
Application Number: 15/660,015
Current U.S. Class: With Fuel Injection Control (123/406.47)
International Classification: F01N 3/10 (20060101); F01N 3/20 (20060101); F02D 41/00 (20060101); F02D 41/22 (20060101); F01N 9/00 (20060101); B01D 53/94 (20060101); F02N 11/00 (20060101); | [
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#47 of 89 Restaurants in Taos
All reviews sushi orange chicken chinese restaurant friendly service place to eat vegetables hunan spicy takeout | [
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Grilled Asian Chicken and Veggies | The BBQ World of mrdodd
← Building A UDS Smoky Jalapeno Cornbread → Grilled Asian Chicken and Veggies 23
One of my favorite things about Asian cooking is the multitude of flavors it offers. It’s ideal for summertime grilling, with all the fresh produce available. With recipes like this you can just let your imagination run wild, the more vegetables the better.
Marinate chicken and an array of veggies in an Asian marinade, then grill.
What you will need: Boneless (skinless if you choose) chicken breast
An Asian marinade of your choice (a recipe is provided below for one of our favorites)
1/2 lb fresh sugar peas
Let’s begin with the marinade.
1/2 cup Terriyaki
3 Tbls of chili paste (this was the driving force and inspiration behind this recipe)
3 tsp of fresh grated ginger (fresh ginger makes all the difference in the world)
5 or 6 roughly cut dried Arbol chilies (not pictured my imagination kicked in at this point)
5 or 6 more uncut Arbol chilies
Toss it all in and mix well in a bowl tasting and seasoning as you go (not much here so move along).
Simpy dice your veggies into a dice that you are comfortable with. However I will mention here if you don’t have a grill pan I’d recommend cutting them a little on the large size and using skewers so you can cook them kabob style.
Here we have our fresh veggies: yellow, red, and orange peppers, along with an onion (I prefer a red onion for this but I had a Spanish that needed using). We also found some really nice sugar peas we decided to toss in.
Now on to the chicken
We began with two bone in chicken breast. I chose “bone in” because I’m too cheap to spend an extra dollar a pound for someone else to remove the bone and skin. Boneless, skinless will work quite well here for this.
Start by rinsing them thourghly under cold running water. Then remove the rib bone. It’s rather simple, Cut the exposed meatless ribs off. A cleaver or heavy chef’s knife works well here. Sorry about the pictures being somewhat blurry, my wing man was taking them. He’s a wing man, he’s use to being tossed under the bus.
Then feel for the solid part of the rib and cut the meat away from it. I used a pairing knife for this, a fillet knife would of been preferable……. but I didn’t have one.
That’s it two simple steps, it should take you about ten minutes. Just clean them up a little and remove the skin if you want. I don’t see me buying “boneless, skinless” breast again anytime soon.
Time to combine and let set
Place the chicken breast and veggies into a gallon zip lock bag, along with your marinade, and let set up to 24 hours.
Important step, wash and BLEACH EVERYTHING that you may even think the chicken came in contact with. Yes, this includes the counters, and the sink you used to rinse the chicken off in. Time to fire up the grill
Begin by setting up your grill for direct grilling.
While the grill is coming up to temperature, drain your marinade off of your breast and veggies. We’re going to reserve this and use it as a sauce later.
Once your grill is up to temperature, we’re looking for about a medium heat here (a 5 second count with your hand over the grill before it gets too hot). Place your breast, veggies, and marinade on the grill. Note: either coat your sauce pan with oil or dish soap before placing on the grill, this will make your clean up much easier later.
Cook for about 30 minutes flipping twice, until you reach an internal temperature of 165f and the juices run clear for the chicken breast, tender crisp for the veggies, and a nice simmer on the sauce. The sauce can simmer for however long the chicken and veggies take.
All that’s left to do now is dice your chicken breast, and serve with that sauce that you simmered on the grill.
Now it’s time to set back and enjoy the complements.
Posted by mrdodd on June 23, 2013 in Uncategorized
Tags: Asian cooking, Asian grill, Asian marinade, bbq, charcoal, chicken, chili paste, cooking, dinner, kingsford, marinade, mrdodd, vegetables, veggies ← Building A UDS Smoky Jalapeno Cornbread → One response to “Grilled Asian Chicken and Veggies” Greg June 23, 2013 at 8:43 pm Looks delicious! | [
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Food & Lacquer Too: Day 1: Red
I usually can't stand to keep a design on my nails for longer than a day or two, but I'm really feeling this Flo-Jo design. I want to keep it at least for another day or two. Luckily I have two younger sisters who are willing to allow me to use their hands for this challenge.
So I painted Day 1's challenge on my youngest sister's nails...
I only have 10 reds so I just assigned one nail to each shade...
They all photograph pretty much the same.
I had a polish explosion where a white polish busted and spilled all over 75% of my other polishes. That's why some of the polishes are covered in white.
The shades (from left to right, top to bottom):
Sally Hansen-Wine Not!
Vernis Absolu-Royale
NYC-Madison Ave
Sinful-Bleeding Heart
Sally Hansen-Racey Rouge
Pure Ice-All Nighter
Wet N' Wild-Red Red
Santee-Garnet Red
Urban Decay-F Bomb
I will be dedicating the entire month of October to this challenge. Also, I'm going to try and think up another challenge for us lacquer lovers.
Peace ... And much lacquer to you.
Posted by RHOyal Fiasco at 10:51 PM | [
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How To... in New Mexico : Real Estate Advice
35153 asked:
Zillow sent my rental over to trulia, but some info is missing and incomplete. How can I edit the listing?
How To... in 87508
Cwbtex answered:
How do we find an attorney to take on our HOA and its property management company?
We are having exactly the same issue in this community. Did you find someone to help you out? If so would you please post the name?
i own the home at 719 gidding, clovis, nm. your site is showing it as for rent by some other agency. how do i correct this?
Go the the "My listings" Tab > ADD LISTINGS > enter the address and when it's located it you can then claim it. Good luck !
How To... in 88101
How To... in 87575
Jerry Sutherlin answered:
I am looking to invest in some land in the Cloudcroft NM area. Looking for about an acre of land that I can
RE/MAX Green Mountain is Cloudcroft’s most comprehensive real estate company in the area, I am Jerry Sutherlin one of our leading agents and will be happy to help you in your search for investment property. There are currently several properties that would make good investments for future resale or building. Send me an e-mail and I will reply with a link to the information sheets on these properties. Thank you for inquiring about property in the Cloudcroft area.
[email protected]
cell 575-921-3155
800-478-2537
How To... in Cloudcroft
I would like to learn how to flip homes with no money down, is there such a program?
Sure. There are hundreds of such programs.
For good general real estate investing information, go to http://www.creonline.com For real estate investing clubs in New Mexico, go to http://www.creonline.com/real-estate-clubs/nm.html
Hint: You don't have to pay thousands of dollars for programs or courses, though you'll find plenty that cost $995, or around there. And you'll find some expensive mentoring programs that cost $15,000 or more. Go to a few meetings of a few real estate investing clubs and get a feel for what's out there and what people are doing.
Hint: What you're specifically interested in is called wholesaling. That's putting a property under contract, then assigning the contract. You can put a property under contract for as little as a dollar--some investors routinely make offers with a $10 payment. You get a contract with the owner (with language protecting you in case you can't wholesale the property), then assign the contract to another investor, usually a rehabber. Depending on what the market's like where you are, you might make $5,000-$15,000, on average, per deal.
How To... in 87502
Chacocanyon413 asked:
how to auction property?
Home > New Mexico > How To... in New Mexico New Mexico Real Estate | [
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Home Inn Plus Shanghai Beiwaitan Zhoujiazui Road Reviews
Offers from Home Inn Plus Shanghai Beiwaitan Zhoujiazui Road
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TripAdvisor is proud to partner with Booking.com, Agoda, Ctrip TA, Hotwire and TripOnline SA so you can book your Home Inn Plus Shanghai Beiwaitan Zhoujiazui Road reservations with confidence. We help millions of travellers each month to find the perfect hotel for both holiday and business trips, always with the best discounts and special offers. | [
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DREAMING OF THE SIMPLE LIFE: Lala's little helper ................
Lala's little helper ................
Saturday was my 54th birthday ...... the day whizzed by (much like the last 54 years) with visits from family and friends .... cards and pressies to be opened and then a family dinner to finish the day.
Sunday was the day of the first Buckingham Vintage & Handmade Fair organised by Trevor and Ann .... the sun was shining for us and the venue was lovely despite being on the first floor ..... certainly got some cardio-vascular exercise taking the stock in!
Fortunately we had an extra pair of hands with us ... Ellie has been nagging to come with us and yesterday was her day. We had an early start leaving home at 7.30 and not getting back until 5.30 and despite this she behaved perfectly and was a great help. She found a new role as unofficial fair photographer and here are her pix to give you a flavour of the day
Did get carried away a little didn't she?? These are just a few .... she used my camera and my phone and almost filled both memory cards!
Some of our regular sellers from Northampton were there plus some newcomers who were venturing out for the first time ... the atmosphere was just right and a steady flow of visitors wandered round admiring all the loveliness on display.
This morning has been spent sorting out stock brought back home and the rest that I have stashed in various nooks and crannies ..... my next fair will be the Jubilee Garden Party
followed by the 2nd Vintage Jumble
It's half term and this week I am having a week off from childminding .... there is a lot of spring cleaning to be done round here and the accounts books are calling too ... if the forecast snow arrives that should keep me out of mischief for several days!
I am thinking about resurrecting my other blog Aunty Wainwright's Treasures ..... with car booty starting seriously this coming weekend I really do have to make some space around here ..... keep any eye out for some vintage goodies at very sensible prices !
Annie2 April 2012 at 18:41Happy belated birthday wishes, you certainly had a busy weekend. Ellie was brilliant, I think we should take her on as official photograher . Her photos are far better than any I ever take. I saw her wandering with your phone taking photos from interesting angles ! Look forward to seeing you all at the garden party.Ann xReplyDeleteRepliesCheap2Chic2 April 2012 at 19:01Well done Ellie, very professional looking photos!The fair looked wonderful, I would have come away with full bags as I saw lots of things to buy in the photos.xxDeleteReplyThecraftytrundler2 April 2012 at 19:01what a little star she was!!! Can I employ her as photographer too? She's better than I am!!!Lovely to see you, and hope you had a great weekend! ( You still look 34!!!)Sharon xxReplyDeletedancingonabladeofgrass2 April 2012 at 19:30Well done Ellie - you did a superb job of being the official photographer! You'll be taking her again, no doubt.ReplyDeleteMelMel2 April 2012 at 19:34Belated birthday wishes!The fair looks jolly good fun!xxxxReplyDeleteVintageVicki2 April 2012 at 21:16Ellie's done a great job - some great pics of some lovely vintage items :) Just wish the fair was nearer.ReplyDeleteLace hearts2 April 2012 at 22:32She did a brilliant job with the pictures. The fair looks a lot of fun. xReplyDeleteLalabibaby @ Dreaming of The Simple Life2 April 2012 at 22:48It was a good day as always and she thoroughly enjoyed herself ..... I think the collecting gene skipped a generation and this little one is now my apprentice xxReplyDeleteNorthampton Vintage Fair2 April 2012 at 22:55Thanks so much for helping us to have such a nice day, I think your grand-daughter's photos are much better than the ones I took. And I have just realised (with help from A) that I was not following you even though I was recommending your blog! I am still learning.ReplyDeletealine2 April 2012 at 23:31What a good photographer.... I would keep her!ReplyDeleteHighland Monkey's3 April 2012 at 11:21Little Ellie certainly has done a great job with the photos. She should be employed as the official snapper for craft fairs! Glad you both had a wonderful (yes I am jealous of all those goodies!)ReplyDeletepatchworkandlace3 April 2012 at 22:32Lovely pictures ,i love those sort of fairs at all the lovely stalls xxReplyDeleteBadPenny4 April 2012 at 10:35Great photos ! Belated Happy Birthday !ReplyDeleteJill8 April 2012 at 16:56Hope you're having a good week - n snow thank goodness. Looks like you have a budding photographer there.ReplyDeleteWinnibriggsHouse15 April 2012 at 17:21Hi there, just popped by to say thanks for the comment. Sorry you have been poorly, hope you are on the mend now. Glad I came by as have spotted your adverts for the Vintage fair and Jumble. Never know I may be able to get to one or the other. If the goodies are like your daughters piccies it will be well worth the drive.Jenny xReplyDeleteMadison16 April 2012 at 13:32Great pics! She has a real eye for details. Much better than my son's attempts at photography. Madison xxxReplyDeleteAdd commentLoad more... | [
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Travaux Emplois Free data entry sri lanka | Freelancer
Free data entry sri lankaemplois
free data entry sri lanka
4,299 free data entry sri lanka travaux trouvés au tarif de EUR
Jessy gems 6 jours left
Project for Venkata Sai Sri Charan A. 9 jours left
Hi Venkata Sai Sri Charan A., I noticed your profile and would like to offer you my project. We can discuss any details over chat.
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Its regarding Sri Lanka tourism (Targeting foreigners) Main theme of the site is "Economy Tourism" or "Cheap Tourism" CMS prefer, All included one page enough SL attraction places/ tour packages [able to dynamically update] Sample Demo [se connecter pour voir l'URL]
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Jim Moldenhauer's Tech Blog: AD 2012 R2 - Disable Server Manager on Startup via Group Policy
AD 2012 R2 - Disable Server Manager on Startup via Group Policy
Is anyone else annoyed with the Server Manager Dashboard opening up every time you log into a server? Me too.You can turn it off on each server manually by going to Manage > Server Manager Properties and Checking Do not start Server Manager automatically at logon:
But that only sets it for your user account and you would have to do it for each server one at a time. Fortunately there is a Group Policy setting for that. Lets go ahead and open Group Policy Management, go to Domains > Your Domain > Right Click on Group Policy Objects and select New. Lets call this one Disable Server Manager on Startup.
Right Click on the newly created GPO and select Edit. Navigate to Computer Configuration > Policies > Administrative Templates > System > Server Manager. Set Do not display Server Manager automatically at logon to Enabled and close the GPO. If you check the settings you should have:
Link the GPO to your servers OU and that's it! Next time you log into your server you won't have to close out of Server Manager.
Posted by Jim Moldenhauer at 9:00 AM
Labels: AD 2012 R2, GPO 2012 R2 | [
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Scroogey McScroogeface – Tejano on the Rocks
This entry was posted in Dating, Family, Friends, Home Stuff, Roses in your way and tagged Anxiety, Christmas, dating, family, friends, health, home, hope, Life, tired. Bookmark the permalink. Post navigation | [
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Edgar Allan Poe: Complete Tales and PoemsNov 29, 2009by Edgar Allan PoeHardcover
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172The Best of Poe: The Tell-Tale Heart, The Raven, The Cask of Amontillado, and 30 OthersMar 1, 2006by Edgar Allan PoePaperback
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56Complete Stories and Poems of Edgar Allan PoeAug 15, 1984by Edgar Allan PoeHardcover
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232Poetry for Young People: Edgar Allan PoeApr 1, 2008by Brod Bagert and Carolynn CobleighPaperback
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61Trade in yours for an Amazon Gift Card up to $2.60The RavenAug 26, 2013by Edgar Allan PoeKindle Edition
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651The Raven (Illustrated Edition) (Dodo Press)Dec 28, 2007by Edgar Allan Poe and Gustave DorePaperback
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Miami Squeaks by Clemson - The New York Times
College Basketball|Miami Squeaks by Clemson to Stay Perfect in A.C.C. Play
https://nyti.ms/Yhi3wY
Miami Squeaks by Clemson to Stay Perfect in A.C.C. Play
Kenny Kadji scored 12 points, including the go-ahead 3-pointer with 36 seconds left, to keep No. 3 Miami perfect in Atlantic Coast Conference play with a 45-43 victory at Clemson on Sunday night.
The Hurricanes (21-3, 12-0) finished with their fewest points of the season, and their high-scoring guard duo of Durand Scott and Shane Larkin were a combined 3-of-16 shooting for 10 points. Still, Miami pulled it out on Kadji’s wide-open 3-pointer.
Clemson (13-12, 5-8) had three chances to answer back, but Rod Hall was called for an offensive foul on one trip, and after Trey McKinney Jones made a foul shot, Hall missed a layup and K. J. McDaniels failed on a tip.
The Hurricanes continued the league’s longest undefeated start since Duke went 16-0 in 1998-99.
MICHIGAN 79, PENN STATE 71 Glen Robinson III bounced back from one of his worst games to help No. 4 Michigan respond to an embarrassing loss with a much-needed win.
Robinson matched a career high with 21 points, and Trey Burke scored a season-high 29 to help the host Wolverines (22-4, 9-4 Big Ten) beat the Nittany Lions (8-17, 0-13).
Michigan had dropped three of four, including a 23-point loss Tuesday night on the road against No. 8 Michigan State.
ARIZONA 68, UTAH 64 Mark Lyons scored 18 points, the freshman Brandon Ashley added 10 in a reserve role and No. 9 Arizona won at Utah to end a two-game skid.
Arizona (21-4, 9-4 Pacific-12) led by as many as 13 early in the second half only to see Utah (11-14, 3-10) respond with a 14-3 run to tie the score at 51-51 with 7 minutes 28 seconds remaining.
Wisconsin’s Ben Brust shooting during an upset of Ohio State in Madison. The Badgers shot a season-best 53 percent. Credit Andy Manis/Associated Press
LOUISVILLE 59, U.S.F. 41 Russ Smith scored 15 points, and No. 12 Louisville stayed a game out of first place in the Big East by shutting down host South Florida.
The Cardinals (21-5, 9-4) confused U.S.F. with a variety of presses, holding the Bulls (10-15, 1-12) to 13 field goals and forcing 16 turnovers.
WISCONSIN 71, OHIO STATE 49 No. 20 Wisconsin (18-8, 9-4 Big Ten) shot a season-best 53 percent in a rout of the 13th-ranked Buckeyes (18-7, 8-5) in Madison.
“It didn’t work in terms of getting this team not to win the game, but to compete at the level we need to compete at to give us a chance,” Ohio State Coach Thad Matta said about how he prepared his team.
NOTRE DAME 87, MARQUETTE 49 Skylar Diggins scored 23 points, and Natalie Achonwa added 17 points and 10 rebounds as No. 2 Notre Dame (24-1, 12-0 Big East) rolled to its 19th consecutive victory with a rout of host Marquette (12-13, 4-8).
STANFORD 68, U.C.L.A. 57 Chiney Ogwumike scored 26 points to help No. 4 Stanford (24-2, 13-1 Pac-12) beat 15th-ranked U.C.L.A. (19-6, 10-4) at home for the Cardinal’s 15th straight win over the Bruins.
DUKE 81, WAKE FOREST 70 Tricia Liston scored a career-high 29 points and had five 3-pointers, and No. 5 Duke (24-1, 14-0 A.C.C.) beat visiting Wake Forest (11-15, 4-10) after losing point guard Chelsea Gray to a knee injury.
CALIFORNIA 72, U.S.C. 64 Layshia Clarendon scored 22 points, and No. 6 California (23-2, 13-1 Pac-12) held off a late rally from host Southern California (8-17, 5-9).
Clarendon made 9 of 17 shots and added a late basket down the stretch to help close out the win.
A version of this article appears in print on February 18, 2013, on Page D7 of the New York edition with the headline: Miami Squeaks by Clemson to Stay Perfect in A.C.C. Play. Order Reprints| Today's Paper|Subscribe | [
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infidelity | Into Stillness
Meditation from Br. Lawrence of the Resurrection
Posted on March 26, 2009 by LIONESS
Spiritual Maxims, Page 36
The holiest, most ordinary, and most necessary practice of the spiritual life is that of the presence of God. It is to take delight in and become accustomed to His divine company, speaking humbly and conversing lovingly with Him all the time, at every moment, without rule or measure, especially in times of temptation, suffering, aridity, weariness, even infidelity and sin. We must continually apply ourselves, so that all our actions, without exception, become a kind of brief conversation with God, not in a contrived manner, but coming from the purity and simplicity of our hearts.
Posted in Catholic, Christian, Culture, In a nutshell, Lent, Lenten Reading, My Journal, Reflections, Religion, Spiritual, Spiritual Things | Tagged Br. Lawrence, conversation, heart, holiness, infidelity, ordinary, practice, purity, simplicity, sin, suffering, temptation, weariness | Leave a comment | [
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The 10 Best Hotels in Kokubunji, Tokyo for 2019 | Expedia.com.au
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Situated in Kokubunji, this hotel is 2.2 mi (3.6 km) from Fuchu Art Museum and 2.6 mi (4.1 km) from Tokyo Racecourse. Okunitama Shrine and Hitotsubashi University ...
JR-EAST HOTEL METS KOKUBUNJIGet Rates
Situated in Kokubunji, this vacation home is within 3 mi (5 km) of Hitotsubashi University, Fuchu Art Museum, and Edo-Tokyo Open Air Architectural Museum. Fuchunomori ...
Modern Japanese home Near shinjukuGet Rates
AU$277 per night for 2 guests
Located in Shinjuku, this hotel is within a 10-minute walk of Shinjuku Golden Gai and Omoide Yokocho. Shinjuku Gyoen National Garden and Tokyo Metropolitan Government ...
AU$215 per night for 2 guests
AU$376 per night for 2 guests
Located in Shiodome, this spa hotel is within a 15-minute walk of Ginza Six and Ginza Graphic Gallery. Ginza Wako Building and Kabuki-za Theatre are also within ...
AU$306 per night for 2 guests
3-14-1 Yotsuya, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Tokyo-to
Located in Shinjuku, this hotel is within 1 mi (2 km) of Isetan Department Store Shinjuku, Shinjuku Gyoen National Garden, and Tokyo National Olympic Stadium. ...
1-26-6, Asakusabashi, Taito-ku, Tokyo, Tokyo
Located in Taito, this hotel is within 2 mi (3 km) of Akihabara Electric Town, Edo-Tokyo Museum, and Ueno Park. Ryogoku Kokugikan and Ameya-Yokochō are also ...
Located in Odaiba, this luxury hotel is within 1 mi (2 km) of National Museum of Emerging Science and Innovation, Oedo Onsen Monogatari Hot Springs, and MORI ...
Located in Taito, this hotel is within a 10-minute walk of Hanayashiki Amusement Park, Sensō-ji Temple, and Asakusa Shrine. Ueno Park and Tokyo National Science ...
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It’s a great place which could be relaxed after a whole day shopping in Tokyo
A verified traveller stayed at ONSEN RYOKAN YUEN SHINJUKU
• Extremely strategic location to eateries, Airport Limousine Bus Terminal (5-8mins walk) • Brilliant service and friendly staff • High quality breakfast (Japanese and Western options) • Clean, well maintained and well equipped • Comfy beds We highly recommend Hamacho Hotel Tokyo Nihonbashi! :)
A verified traveller from Auckland, NZ stayed at HAMACHO HOTEL TOKYO NIHONBASHI
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Here at Expedia, we offer top deals to help you get where you’re going without overpaying. And that certainly holds true with our trips to Kokubunji. You’ll find a ton of fantastic deals to this city on Expedia.com.au, though if you happen to find a lower rate on a hotel or package somewhere else, we’ll gladly match it.
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Pop Rock Keyboards the Complete Guide Keyboard Livre doccasion | eBay
Pop Rock Keyboards the Complete Guide Keyboard Li...:
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5mm Thickness Sound Muffler CAR Heat Shield Turbo Insulation MAT Wrap 1M X 300mm | eBay Skip to main contenteBayShop by categoryEnter your search keywordAll CategoriesAdvancedG'day (Sign in to bid or buy)eBay DealsSellHelp & ContactMy eBayExpand My eBayMy eBay SummaryBids/OffersWatch ListWish ListAll ListsPurchase HistorySelling/soldMy CollectionsFollowed searchesMy messagesNotification Back to home page
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5mm Thickness Sound Muffler Car Heat Shield Turbo Insulation Mat Wrap 1M x 300mm
- Read item description or contact seller for postage options. | See details Item location:Chester Hill, New South Wales, Australia
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The Law Offices of Jeffrey Delott: Videotaping IMA Consultative Examinations
An Administrative Law Judge issued a favorable decision today that approved the Social Security Disability (“SSD”) application of my client, a former firefighter, without requiring a hearing.
The State agency had denied the claimant’s SSD application on the fraudulent grounds that the claimant had failed to be examined by its doctors from Industrial Medicine Associates (“IMA”). That assertion was untrue. The claimant was ready, willing, and able, to be examined by IMA, and appeared at IMA’s office at the designated date and time for his consultative examination (“CE”). However, IMA refused to proceed with the CE because the claimant brought a camera to videotape the CE. In other words, it was IMA, not the claimant, who refused to proceed with the CE.
There is no rule, regulation, statute, guideline, or case law that precludes an SSD claimant from recording his or her CE. There have been countless times where IMA doctors have been banned from performing CE’s, or their opinions have been rejected, after substantial evidence or cross examinations showed they falsified CE findings. If IMA doctors perform CEs in accordance with the regulations, then they should have nothing to hide, and should have no problem with the videotaping. Videotaping an IMA CE is consistent with the SSA recording experts and witnesses at hearings. IMA has a protracted history of acting improperly. Read some of my prior entries on this topic: 11/22/10, 6/6/12, 5/17/12, 10/5/11, 6/29/12, 6/16/12, 3/8/10, 8/31/12, 8/11/08, 4/21/10, 6/4/12, 9/8/10, 8/16/12.
IMA has a contract with New York State to perform CEs, for which it gets paid a ton of taxpayer money. Medical Experts at hearings are videotaped, and IMA has no excuse or legal authority to justify its refusal to have its doctors videotaped while performing a CE ordered and paid for by New York State. Perhaps if IMA refuses to perform a large number of CEs when claimants try to videotape them, the State will terminate or refuse to renew its contract with IMA.
Posted by The Law Offices of Jeffrey Delott at 7:11 AM | [
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Killarney Farmhouses
Best Fish and Chips in Killarney
Best Lasagna in Killarney
Best Oysters in Killarney
Best Cheesecake in Killarney
394 Reviews #24 of 158 Restaurants in Killarney Certificate of Excellence What is Certificate of Excellence? TripAdvisor awards a Certificate of Excellence to accommodations, attractions and restaurants that consistently earn great reviews from travelers. $$$
Chowder, Irish, Bar, Pizza, Pub, Pasta
Delete The Laurels Pub from My Saves You added The Laurels Pub to your Saves list Improve this listing Also show Hotels
MapSatellite Map updates are paused. Zoom in to see updated info. Reset zoom Updating Map... Your filters are still active. There are no pins in your viewport. Try moving the map or changing your filters. Thank you for your interest.This feature is coming soon. Return to Map Get directions Main Street, Killarney, Ireland Today 10:30 am - 11:30 pm
Dining options: Dinner, Drinks, Lunch, Reservations All visitor photos (45)
We dropped in here on the strength of other TA reviews. The place is small so getting a table was tricky - we ended up at a small drinks table but the staff were very good and the food was fine, although it wasn't much different from many Irish pubs we ate ate on our trip except it was a...
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Danish first Dutch first English first French first German first Italian first Portuguese first Spanish first Any Katie M
The Laurels has the classic pub feel complete with open fireplace and local drinkers. The food is great...check out the fried Brie and the beef stew. Also the Laurels is the perfect start to a classic Killarney pub crawl with a central location downtown.
Level Contributor 612 reviews 56 restaurant reviews
311 helpful votes “Good Pub Grub”
Report AmyG223
21 helpful votes “One of my favorite pubs!”
We went to The Laurels because it was recommended by our B and B, The Larkinley Lodge (which I also highly recommend). Right when we walked in I was happy with what I saw. It has that traditional Irish pub feel and decor. We sat at the bar and were warmly greeted by a barman. We spent a lot of...
Report Waterville C
Located in the very centre of Killarney town on the main street , This is a nice genuine traditional style irish pub , There were a good number of local men mostly Jarveys, (pony and trap men) but packed mostly with tourists . There was a great music session in place , and was most enjoyable I would .Definatly recommend...
12 helpful votes “A great restaurant in the heart of Killarney”
This is a great place. The waiting staff are very helpful and cheerful and give a very good impression of the place.
There is a wide ranging menu.
I had Mustard Bacon and Colecannon. A great slab of tender bacon - possibly a large thick gammon steak by any other name.
Walk-in are OK early (6 to 6:30pm) but I...
Report Elyse W
2 helpful votes “Nice Atmosphere & Good Food”
Main Street in Killarney has so much to offer with regards to food and shopping and we were not sure where to eat for dinner. Laurels Pub had their menu posted outside and it looked inviting so we decided to stop there. The staff was attentive, the food was very good and the atmosphere was as well. After a filling...
Report capedtraveller
1 helpful vote “Super Irish Stew”
Just the perfect place for a large family group or friends, something for everyone, super craft beers & terrific Irish stew & nachos.
Even the kids had a great time and had plenty of options to choose from!
Thanks to the super wait staff as well!
Report Michicks
26 helpful votes “Very nice food. Good service ”
Couldn't fault on the starters and mains that we had.
Report JantienK
37 helpful votes “Mixing with locals”
Great pub. Sitting at the bar, no more than a small trigger is needed to start a conversation with other visitors. We had a wonderful time and some great discussions. Memories to cherish!
Great Pub. The restaurant serves a good selection of food, well made and delicious. Our meals were a wonderful break from a long day.
Killarney, County Kerry All restaurants in Killarney (158)
Add Photos & Videos Additional Information about The Laurels Pub
Main Street, Killarney, Ireland Location:
USD $22 to $29
Chowder, Irish, Bar, Pizza, Pub, Pasta Owners: What's your side of the story? Register now for free — and start getting automatic notification of new reviews, responding to traveler feedback, adding new photos to your listing and much more. Manage your listing
Chowder, Irish, Bar, Pizza, Pub, Pasta Restaurant Characteristics Good for: Local cuisine, Families with children, Bar scene Open Hours
Questions? Get answers from The Laurels Pub staff and past visitors.
Posting guidelines Get notified about new answers to your questions. Ask Typical questions asked: Do you have gluten-free options? Is there a dress code? Do you allow dogs on the outdoor patio? Near The Laurels Pub Top-rated Attractions Nearby 35 Reviews Peter Cox Photography Gallery
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Browse all attractions Top-rated Restaurants Nearby 582 Reviews Quinlans Seafood Bar
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85 Reviews DYNE | [
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build game website for $50 | Grafisk Design | HTML | MySQL | PHP | Web Design
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SOLVED: Fuel line routing 2006 Zongshen 250 - Fixya
Need to know the fuel hose routing for 2006 zongshen 250-5 hoses came loose and can't figure out where any of them go. @
Re: fuel line routing 2006 Zongshen 250
SOURCE: fuel hose routing
I would expect the hose to go:
fuel tank -> primer pump -> carburettor -> (overflow) fuel tank.
Good luck, they tend to be very fiddly. | [
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"value": "Fixya is a question-and-answer website where community members ask and answer questions about consumer products. The company was launched in June 2005 and is headquartered in San Mateo, California."
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A graves' disease-associated Kozak sequence single-nucleotide polymorphism enhances the efficiency of CD40 gene translation: A case for translational pathophysiology — Albert Einstein College of Medicine
A graves' disease-associated Kozak sequence single-nucleotide polymorphism enhances the efficiency of CD40 gene translation: A case for translational pathophysiology
Eric M. Jacobson, Erlinda Concepcion, Taiji Oashi, Yaron Tomer
We analyzed the mechanism by which a Graves' disease-associated C/T polymorphism in the Kozak sequence of CD40 affects CD40 expression. CD40 expression levels on B cells in individuals with CT and TT genotypes were decreased by 13.3 and 39.4%, respectively, compared with the levels in CC genotypes (P = 0.012). Similarly, Rat-2 fibroblasts transfected with T-allele cDNA expressed 32.2% less CD40 compared with their C-allele-transfected counterparts (P = 0.004). Additionally, an in vitro transcription/translation system showed that the T-allele makes 15.5% less CD40 than the C-allele (P < 0.001), demonstrating that the effect of the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) on CD40 expression is at the level of translation. However, the SNP did not affect transcription, because the mRNA levels of CD40, as measured by quantitative RT-PCR, were independent of genotype. Therefore, our results may suggest that the C allele of the CD40 Kozak SNP, which is associated with Graves' disease, could predispose to disease by increasing the efficiency of translation of CD40 mRNA.
2684-2691
https://doi.org/10.1210/en.2004-1617
10.1210/en.2004-1617
Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of 'A graves' disease-associated Kozak sequence single-nucleotide polymorphism enhances the efficiency of CD40 gene translation: A case for translational pathophysiology'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
Graves Disease Medicine & Life Sciences
Jacobson, E. M., Concepcion, E., Oashi, T., & Tomer, Y. (2005). A graves' disease-associated Kozak sequence single-nucleotide polymorphism enhances the efficiency of CD40 gene translation: A case for translational pathophysiology. Endocrinology, 146(6), 2684-2691. https://doi.org/10.1210/en.2004-1617
A graves' disease-associated Kozak sequence single-nucleotide polymorphism enhances the efficiency of CD40 gene translation : A case for translational pathophysiology. / Jacobson, Eric M.; Concepcion, Erlinda; Oashi, Taiji; Tomer, Yaron.
In: Endocrinology, Vol. 146, No. 6, 06.2005, p. 2684-2691.
Jacobson, EM, Concepcion, E, Oashi, T & Tomer, Y 2005, 'A graves' disease-associated Kozak sequence single-nucleotide polymorphism enhances the efficiency of CD40 gene translation: A case for translational pathophysiology', Endocrinology, vol. 146, no. 6, pp. 2684-2691. https://doi.org/10.1210/en.2004-1617
Jacobson EM, Concepcion E, Oashi T, Tomer Y. A graves' disease-associated Kozak sequence single-nucleotide polymorphism enhances the efficiency of CD40 gene translation: A case for translational pathophysiology. Endocrinology. 2005 Jun;146(6):2684-2691. https://doi.org/10.1210/en.2004-1617
Jacobson, Eric M. ; Concepcion, Erlinda ; Oashi, Taiji ; Tomer, Yaron. / A graves' disease-associated Kozak sequence single-nucleotide polymorphism enhances the efficiency of CD40 gene translation : A case for translational pathophysiology. In: Endocrinology. 2005 ; Vol. 146, No. 6. pp. 2684-2691.
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abstract = "We analyzed the mechanism by which a Graves' disease-associated C/T polymorphism in the Kozak sequence of CD40 affects CD40 expression. CD40 expression levels on B cells in individuals with CT and TT genotypes were decreased by 13.3 and 39.4%, respectively, compared with the levels in CC genotypes (P = 0.012). Similarly, Rat-2 fibroblasts transfected with T-allele cDNA expressed 32.2% less CD40 compared with their C-allele-transfected counterparts (P = 0.004). Additionally, an in vitro transcription/translation system showed that the T-allele makes 15.5% less CD40 than the C-allele (P < 0.001), demonstrating that the effect of the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) on CD40 expression is at the level of translation. However, the SNP did not affect transcription, because the mRNA levels of CD40, as measured by quantitative RT-PCR, were independent of genotype. Therefore, our results may suggest that the C allele of the CD40 Kozak SNP, which is associated with Graves' disease, could predispose to disease by increasing the efficiency of translation of CD40 mRNA.",
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AU - Tomer, Yaron
N2 - We analyzed the mechanism by which a Graves' disease-associated C/T polymorphism in the Kozak sequence of CD40 affects CD40 expression. CD40 expression levels on B cells in individuals with CT and TT genotypes were decreased by 13.3 and 39.4%, respectively, compared with the levels in CC genotypes (P = 0.012). Similarly, Rat-2 fibroblasts transfected with T-allele cDNA expressed 32.2% less CD40 compared with their C-allele-transfected counterparts (P = 0.004). Additionally, an in vitro transcription/translation system showed that the T-allele makes 15.5% less CD40 than the C-allele (P < 0.001), demonstrating that the effect of the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) on CD40 expression is at the level of translation. However, the SNP did not affect transcription, because the mRNA levels of CD40, as measured by quantitative RT-PCR, were independent of genotype. Therefore, our results may suggest that the C allele of the CD40 Kozak SNP, which is associated with Graves' disease, could predispose to disease by increasing the efficiency of translation of CD40 mRNA.
AB - We analyzed the mechanism by which a Graves' disease-associated C/T polymorphism in the Kozak sequence of CD40 affects CD40 expression. CD40 expression levels on B cells in individuals with CT and TT genotypes were decreased by 13.3 and 39.4%, respectively, compared with the levels in CC genotypes (P = 0.012). Similarly, Rat-2 fibroblasts transfected with T-allele cDNA expressed 32.2% less CD40 compared with their C-allele-transfected counterparts (P = 0.004). Additionally, an in vitro transcription/translation system showed that the T-allele makes 15.5% less CD40 than the C-allele (P < 0.001), demonstrating that the effect of the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) on CD40 expression is at the level of translation. However, the SNP did not affect transcription, because the mRNA levels of CD40, as measured by quantitative RT-PCR, were independent of genotype. Therefore, our results may suggest that the C allele of the CD40 Kozak SNP, which is associated with Graves' disease, could predispose to disease by increasing the efficiency of translation of CD40 mRNA.
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MY NAME IS ELENA: Lady Lucky Dip
AlteredByMe October 6, 2008 at 9:45 PM
I love these cards. My favorite is the last one. That is a beautiful image and you decorated the card perfectly!
Your Nia cards are great too! | [
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I have a unique t-shirt. The front is pretty common, it has a "Save the Planet" message on a globe, but the back is unique. No one else has this shirt, unless I inspired the people who made it for me or if some quirk of coincidence has occurred that is less likely than me winning a lottery. On the back of my unique shirt, designed as a conversation starter, there are depictions of several different animals (killer whale, salmon, elephant, rhino, etc.) with a message about the link between land/water conservation and the ability of nature to maintain present biodiversity. It ends with a provocative line, "That's what science says."Basically, I want people who see the shirt and who take the time to read the back (I like to go to the grocery with it on) I want them to make the connection between land and water conservation (wilderness, national forest, wildlife refuge, ocean conservancy, wild and scenic rivers designation with an abundance of wildlife species that these things help perpetuate into the future). Anyway, the shirt is about the importance of the linkage between our land and water conservation ethic and biodiversity. The shirt says we need to conserve 50 percent, but actually science says we need 25-75 percent of the land and water to be conserved (number one land use being conservation) and that these lands and waters be connected to maintain biodiversity.Well, it is not an uncommon argument by those of us in the salmon saving business to remind everyone that salmon have some 137 species that in some way depend upon them for survival (actually 138, because the study this comes from doesn't include mankind).Anyway, I found a copy of that study and dusted it off and wanted to share it with you here (at least the list and the main idea behind these relationship definitions). The reason, I always hate mentioning something in passing without giving the more detailed answer and I was bored and asked myself the question (what were those wildlife species dependent upon salmon again?). I also want to mention that while this study does mention some insects and invertebrates in passing, just know the actual list of life forms that rely upon salmon is incredibly larger than this list (as it only deals with mammals, birds, amphibians and reptiles). In reality, several plants rely on the nitrogen salmon bring from the Pacific Ocean. So as complete as this list may seem to you, this is the part of the iceberg that is above the water line.You can read the whole study HERE. Again, it is a 15-year-old study, but a good one. Remember the term biodiversity has only been invented in my lifetime, so it's not that old (shutup, really it's not that old).The study defines the various relationships with salmon as...1) Strong, Consistent Relationship. Salmon play (or historically played) an important role in this species distribution,viability, abundance, and/or population status. The ecology of this wildlife species is supported by salmon, especially at particular life stages or during specific seasons. Timing of reproductive activities, and daily or seasonal movements often reflect salmon life stages. Relationship with salmon is direct (e.g., feeds on salmon, or salmon eggs) and routine. The relationship may be regional or localized to one or more watersheds. Examples: A significant portion of the diet of killer whales is adult salmon (Saltwater stage); common mergansers may congregate to feed on salmon fry (Freshwater Rearing stage) when they are available.2) Recurrent Relationship. The relationship between salmon and this species is characterized as routine, albeit occasional, and often tends to be in localized areas (thus affecting only a small portion of this species population). While the species may benefit from this relationship, it is generally not considered to affect the distribution, abundance,viability, or population status of this species. The percent of salmon in the diet of these wildlife species may vary from5% to over 50%, depending on the location and time of year. Example: turkey vultures routinely feed on salmon carcasses, but feed on many other items as well.3) Indirect Relationship. Salmon play an important routine, but indirect link to this species. The relationship could be viewed as one of a secondary consumer of salmon; for example, salmon support other wildlife that are prey of this species. This includes aspects such as salmon carcasses that support insect populations that are a food item for this species. Example: American dippers feed on aquatic insects that are affected by salmon-derived nutrients. The hypothesis of an indirect relationship between an aerial insectivore and salmon was supported by the presence of two ormore of the following characteristics of the insectivore: (1) riparian obligate or associate, (2) feeds below or near the canopy layer of riparian trees, (3) known or perceived to feed on midges, blackflies, caddisflies, stoneflies, or other aquatic insects that benefit from salmon-derived nutrients, and/or (4) feeds near the water surface. While this category includes general aspects of salmon nutrient cycling in stream/river systems, we are not including or examining the role of carcass-derived nutrient cycling on lentic system riparian and wetlands vegetation, and subsequent links to wildlife.4) Rare Relationship. Salmon play a very minor role in the diet of these species, often amounting to less than 1 percent of the diet. Typically, salmon are consumed only on rare occasions, during a shortage of the usual food and may be especially evident during El Niño events. As salmon are often present in large quantities, they may be consumed on rare occasions by species that normally do not consume them. Examples: red-tailed hawks are known to consume salmon carcasses in times of distress; trumpeter swans are primarily vegetarians, but on rare occasions will consume eggs, parr,as well as salmon carcass tissue. 5) Unknown Relationship. A relationship between this species and salmon may exist, but there is not enough information to determine the scope or scale of the relationship at this time. Example: while it is logical to speculate that riparian feeding bats may feed on salmon-derived insects, aspects of seasonality of both bats and salmon carcasses are relevant, as is the nocturnal flight behavior of the insects. Do bats and salmon carcasses coincide seasonally, and if so,are salmon-derived insects actually available to feeding bats? At this time, the evidence for this relationship is inconclusive and remains to be examined.So, now that you know the relationship definitions (I left out the final one where the wildlife had no relationship with salmon.Nine wildlife strong consistent relationship with salmon (and actually you could add humans to this list for a nice round 10)Common MerganserHarlequin DuckOspreyBald EagleCaspian TernBlack BearGrizzly BearNorthern River OtterKiller Whale58 wildlife species with recurrent relationship with salmon1. Cope's Giant Salamander2. Pacific Giant Salamander3. Pacific Coast Aquatic Garter Snake4. Red-throated Loon5. Pacific Loon6. Common Loon7. Pied-billed Grebe8.Western Grebe9. Clark's Grebe10. American White Pelican11. Brandt's Cormorant12. Double-crested Cormorant13. Pelagic Cormorant14. Great Blue Heron15. Black-crowned Night-heron16. Turkey Vulture17. California Condor18. Common Goldeneye19. Barrow's Goldeneye20. Common Merganser21. Red-breasted Merganser22. Golden Eagle23. Bonaparte's Gull24. Heermann's Gull25. Ring-billed Gull26. California Gull27. Herring Gull28. Thayer's Gull29. Western Gull30. Glaucous-winged Gull31. Glaucous Gull32. Common Tern33. Arctic Tern34. Forster's Tern35. Elegant Tern36. Common Murre37. Marbled Murrelet38. Rhinoceros Auklet39. Tufted Puffin40. Belted Kingfisher41. American Dipper42. Stellar's Jay43. Black-billed Magpie44. American Crow45. Northwestern Crow46. Common Raven47. Virginia Opossum48. Water Shrew49. Coyote50. Gray Wolf51. Raccoon52. Mink53. Bobcat54. Northern Fur Seal55. Northern Stellar Sea Lion56. California Sea Lion57. Harbor Seal58. Pacific White-sided Dolphin25 wildlife species with indirect relationship with salmon1. Harlequin Duck2. Bald Eagle3. Gyrfalcon4. Peregrine Falcon5. Killdeer6. Spotted Sandpiper7. Snowy Owl8. Willow Flycatcher9. Tree Swallow10. Violet-green Swallow11. Northern Rough-winged Swallow12. Bank Swallow13. Cliff Swallow14. Barn Swallow15. American Dipper16. Masked Shrew17. Vagrant Shrew18. Montane Shrew19. Fog Shrew20. Pacific Shrew21. Water Shrew22. Pacific Water Shrew23. Trowbridge's Shrew24. Harbor Porpoise25. Dall's Porpoise65 wildlife with rare relationship with salmon1. Snapping Turtle2. Western Pond Turtle3. Western Terrestrial Garter Snake4. Common Garter Snake5. Pacific Loon6. Common Loon7. Yellow-billed Loon8. Horned Grebe9. Red-necked Grebe10. Western Grebe11. Sooty Shearwater12. Brown Pelican13. Great Egret14. Snowy Egret15. Green Heron16. Trumpeter Swan17. Mallard18. Green-winged Duck19. Canvasback20. Greater Scaup21. Surf Scoter22. White-winged Scoter23. Common Goldeneye24. Barrow's Goldeneye25. Hooded Merganser26. Red-tailed Hawk27. Greater Yellowlegs28. Franklin's Gull29. Mew Gull30. Black-legged Kittiwake31. Pigeon Guillemot32. Ancient Muttelet33. Gray Jay34. Winter Wren35. American Robin36. Varied Thrush37. Spotted Towhee38. Song Sparrow39. Masked Shrew40. Vagrant Shrew41. Montane Shrew42. Fog Shrew43. Pacific Shrew44. Pacific Water Shrew45. Trowbridge's Shrew46. Douglas' Squirrel47. Northern Flying Squirrel48. Deer Mouse49. Red Fox50. Gray Fox51. Ringtail52. American Marten53. Fisher54. Long-tailed Weasel55. Wolverine56. Striped Skunk57. Mountain Lion58. White-tailed Deer59. Black-tailed Deer60. Mink Whale61. Sperm Whale62. Humpback Whale63. Northern Right-whale Dolphin64. Dall's Porpoise65. Harbor Porpoise60 wildlife species identified as having an unknown relationship with salmon1. Baird's Shrew 2. Big Brown Bat 3. Black Phoebe 4. Brazilian Free-tailed Bat 5. Brewer's Blackbird 6. Bullfrog 7. California Myotis 8. Cascade Torrent Salamander 9. Columbia Torrent Salamander 10. Columbian Mouse 11. Cordilleran Flycatcher 12. Dunlin 13. Dunn's Salamander 14. Dusky Flycatcher 15. Ermine 16. European Starling 17. Foothill Yellow-legged Frog 18. Fringed Myotis 19. Gray Catbird 20. Hammond's Flycatcher 21. Hoary Bat 22. Keen's Myotis 23. Least Flycatcher 24. Little Brown Myotis 25. Long-eared Myotis 26. Long-legged Myotis 27. Long-toed Salamander 28. Merriam's Shrew 29. Northern Leopard Frog 30. Northern Waterthrush 31. Northwestern Salamander 32. Olympic Torrent Salamander 33. Oregon Spotted Frog 34. Pacific-slope Flycatcher 35. Painted Turtle 36. Pallid Bat 37. Purple Martin 38. Pygmy Shrew 39. Red-eared Slider Turtle 40. Red-legged Frog 41. Rough-skinned Newt 42. Short-billed Dowitcher 43. Shrew-mole 44. Silver-haired Bat 45. Southern Torrent Salamander 46. Spotted Bat 47. Tailed Frog 48. Townsend's Big-eared Bat 49. Townsend's Chipmunk 50. Townsend's Vole 51. Van Dyke's Salamander 52. Warbling Vireo 53. Water Vole 54. Western Pipistrelle 55. Western Sandpiper 56. Western Small-footed Myotis 57. Western Spotted Skunk 58. Western Toad 59. Woodhouse's Toad 60. Yuma Myotis Anyway, I thought you might like to see that. It is always good to go into detail so that when you bring up an old, but good argument point it isn't dismissed as Dogma when the detail is there.Have a great evening. | [
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Patent US5849497 - Specific inhibition of the polymerase chain reaction using a non-extendable ... - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Advanced Patent Search | Sign inAdvanced Patent SearchPatentsA process is disclosed for inhibiting the amplification of a DNA template by subjecting a sample of biological material containing nucleic acid to the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using a DNA polymerase deficient in 5' exonuclease activity. The method comprises forming a PCR admixture comprising the...http://www.google.com/patents/US5849497?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US5849497 - Specific inhibition of the polymerase chain reaction using a non-extendable oligonucleotide blockerPublication numberUS5849497 APublication typeGrantApplication numberUS 08/832,449Publication dateDec 15, 1998Filing dateApr 3, 1997Priority dateApr 3, 1997Fee statusLapsedPublication number08832449, 832449, US 5849497 A, US 5849497A, US-A-5849497, US5849497 A, US5849497AInventorsCharles SteinmanOriginal AssigneeThe Research Foundation Of State University Of New YorkPatent Citations (5), Non-Patent Citations (16), Referenced by (104), Classifications (7), Legal Events (6) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetSpecific inhibition of the polymerase chain reaction using a non-extendable oligonucleotide blockerUS 5849497 AAbstract A process is disclosed for inhibiting the amplification of a DNA template by subjecting a sample of biological material containing nucleic acid to the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using a DNA polymerase deficient in 5' exonuclease activity. The method comprises forming a PCR admixture comprising the DNA template, first and second oligonucleotide primers which are complementary to separated regions of the nucleic acid template, a non-extendable oligonucleotide blocker which is complementary to the inter-primer region of the DNA, and the DNA polymerase lacking 5' exonuclease activity, and subjecting the PCR admixture to at least one PCR thermocycle. The DNA polymerase lacking 5' exonuclease activity is incapable of excising the non-extendable blocker which anneals to the DNA template during the PCR, thereby inhibiting amplification which would otherwise occur during the PCR. Preferably, the DNA polymerase lacking 5' exonuclease activity is the Stoffel fragment of Taq polymerase. The method may be adapted for detecting whether DNA from specific pathogens is present in a sample material.
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Sunshine and Joy: Is the Pro Life Movement Hypocrisy at Its Finest?
Yes, I am pro-life, but that doesn't mean I am perfectly happy with our movement, and that doesn't mean I am blind to the hypocrisy in it.
Let's take a second to look at what some pro-choice people have been posting about us:
There's sadly a bit of truth in this.
“Pure religion and undefiled before God and the Father is this, To visit the fatherless and widows in their affliction, and to keep himself unspotted from the world.” -James 1:27
How are we, as Christians, or just as good people doing that?
I'm here to ask you, then what?
You get home from The March For Life, then what? Do you just go back to normal? Maybe post a few pictures stating the obvious: abortion is wrong, y'all! Then by the next week, you've pretty much put that behind you and have continued living your comfy lifestyle.
You went and saw Unplanned, got really fired up, ordered a pro-life bumper sticker and T-shirt like any other authentic conservative, wrote a lengthy Facebook post on the horrors of abortion, maybe even a blog post, but then what?
Abortion is horrible? Yes, it most certainly is.
But you want to know what else is horrible?
The countless kids that face abuse in the homes of people who took them in for all the wrong reasons.
Being passed from home to home, family to family like you're a piece of trash.
Aging out of the system with no family and no place to call home.
That's just as horrible.
And even worse? I see so many good people turn a blind eye to this.
I always wonder what would have happened to my siblings if we hadn't adopted them. I hesitate to write that because I don't want to come across like I think we saved them, I can't stand it when we go places and people look at us like we were their saviors, because we weren't. My parents are just people who did the right thing.
But what would have happened?
I look at them together, how much they love each other, and it pains me to think that they most likely wouldn't have been able to stay together if we hadn't obeyed God.
I look at my own biological siblings and I can't imagine the possibility of losing my parents and being separated from them, I can't imagine the fear that I would never see them again.
I've been asked before if I plan to adopt one day, and my response is always along the lines of:
How could I not adopt?
How could I raise my own biological children in (hopefully) a safe, loving Christian home while not reaching out to any of the countless children who need safety and love just as much as my own children?
How could I sit idly by and claim to be pro-life when I know what those kids are going through? When I've heard the stories first hand from my siblings, when I've seen the tears and the pain?
I won't be able to sit by and do nothing, and I pray when the time comes you won't either.
The majority of my blog readers are teens around my age, and even though it doesn't seem like it right now, we have so much impact as the next generation.
Close your eyes and imagine a world where every Christian or even just simply morally good and sound families adopted at least one child.
Imagine the change we could bring.
Imagine how we could fix the system.
I've been around and heard so many stories of so many amazing people who are making a difference.
Foster and adoptive families are the strongest and most loving people I know, and there needs to be more of them.
I am pro-life because I believe life matters, but not just when the life is inside the womb, but outside it as well.
It's time that we as a pro-life moment, as Christians, as people who think lives matter take a long hard look at ourselves in the mirror and ask ourselves; what are we really doing?
posted by Gray Marie who was apparently still breathing on April 16, 2019
Topics: Ramblings, Truth
Nicole Dust April 16, 2019 at 3:57 PM
AMEN! I’m not gonna lie: I got really nervous when I saw the title of this post. XD But I agree with all your points! We need to show respect, love, and care for EVERYONE, not just inside the womb. We’re “pro-life” not just “pro-baby”. Amazing post, Gray! <3
Gray Marie April 16, 2019 at 6:55 PM
Haha, I don't blame you, it is a bit jarring. I had it as a statement before but decided to soften it.
I'll second that. <3 Thank you for reading, Nicole!
Allison Riera April 16, 2019 at 4:07 PM
wow. this post is amazing, Gray. <3 <3 and it's so true. We're an adoptive family, and it breaks my heart to know that so many children don't have a loving home.
just like Nicole said, we're "pro-life", not just "pro-baby". <3 <3
such a powerful, moving post, Gray. <3
Gray Marie April 16, 2019 at 6:56 PM
<3 That's so wonderful that y'all are an adoptive family, I don't think I knew that. <3 <3 It is absolutely heartbreaking.
MovieCritic April 16, 2019 at 4:10 PM
Oh, this is so true! Wonderful post, Gray!
Gray Marie April 16, 2019 at 6:58 PM
Ivie Brooks April 16, 2019 at 4:34 PM
At first, when I read the title of your post, I was skeptical. I was thinking "How could there be an hypocrisy?" But once again, you've taught me to think deeper than I was before and you've convinced me to consider adoption in the future.
I am totally in support of adoption and how there are kids that need to be adopted. I only wish America didn't make it hard to adopt American kids who need homes here. Instead people turn to foreign adoption when so many kids here need help. (Not to say kids outside of America don't need help, too, don't get me wrong they do.) There's just a lot messed up with everything in society right now, but you are bringing change, positive change, to this world. So thank you. <3
Gray Marie April 16, 2019 at 7:02 PM
I wish it wasn't so hard as well, it's certainly a flawed system and we had to fight a bit in order to get my siblings, but luckily the people are good, the system is just complicated. :/ It's 100% worth it though.
GJE April 16, 2019 at 5:20 PM
Gray Marie April 16, 2019 at 7:04 PM
Mallory April 16, 2019 at 5:22 PM
not just inside the womb, but out of it...LOVE THAT! I think it's cool how you said, people look at your family like you are your siblings savior or something...but it's not like that. I think it would be crazy amazing if we all took one step and adopted one child. You're right...it would be such a huge change and difference. :)
It would be an amazing difference, and I believe we can do it.
Rakayle Hier April 16, 2019 at 7:41 PM
I agree! I think adopting is amazing!
Gray Marie April 17, 2019 at 8:55 AM
Danielle Jago April 17, 2019 at 3:27 AM
Thank you so much for this, Gray!
I love the idea of adoption, though unfortunately in NZ I don't think they allow it. :( Adoption is definitely important!
That's so unfortunate and terrible! :/
Lily Cat April 17, 2019 at 4:40 AM
Amen!!! This is so so so so true!!! Even if we of the younger set aren't capable of adopting right at this moment, we still have a voice, we still have ourselves. We can use these to impact the lives of the children. This is such a convicting post, Gray!! I was always disgusted at the hypocrisy in the systems that were supposed to be "good". Ahh, before I go into a long rant, I shall close myself down by saying; VERY good job, Gray!! This was fantastic!!! <3
Gray Marie April 17, 2019 at 9:00 AM
Thank you so much for reading. <33
Keturah Lamb April 17, 2019 at 5:37 AM
Sooooooo true. I'm appalled at the state our foster care system is in ... they basically treat those kids like animals, forcing them to move from home to home, with all of their possessions in a black trash bag. And few people want to actually /do/ something about it. As for myself, I want to do more than merely adopt, I want to see reformation in the system itself.
Also, my FAVORITE ministry ever is dedicated to saving the mother as well as the baby both spiritually and financially. I think you'd totally love them ... they are called "Save the Storks" https://savethestorks.com/
To me it's appalling how so many people will turn a blind eye to foster kids, homeless people, and elderly. Yes, many of these people bring harm on themselves, but God never gave us an exception when it comes to helping and loving and serving others.
(And I may have been a bit hesitant when I read the title, too, though I love titles that make you hesitant ;D
Gray Marie April 17, 2019 at 3:13 PM
SAME HERE. It's absolutely terrible.
I haven't heard of that ministry, but that sounds so great! :D
Thank you! And I totally get why you hesitated. ;P
A.L. Buehrer April 17, 2019 at 7:05 AM
Great post. Though honestly, I don't think naysayers have much of a case. As far as I've seen, the pro-life movement actually does seem to be strongly pro-adoption and pro-foster parenting, and overall, actually pretty all-encompassing. I think critics are setting up a bit of a straw-man.
I've never really encountered a pro-life activist who ceased caring about humanity after it was born. The pro-life viewpoint stems naturally from love for humanity, I think.
Gray Marie April 17, 2019 at 3:15 PM
There are a good amount of people who put action with their words in the pro life movement for sure. <3
Kara Lynn April 17, 2019 at 11:11 AM
AMEN a thousand times over Gray! AMEN! My heart longs to foster and adopt kids. Honestly I don't even know if I feel called to have my own because I long to take care of the orphans and fatherless.
This is so true and something I've wanted to write about for awhile but haven't taken the time. Beautiful post and many hugs to your family for having a heart that every family needs to have. Not everyone is called to adopt but we are all ncalled to love the unloved. <3 <3 <3
Gray Marie April 17, 2019 at 3:16 PM
Ahhh, that's so awesome, Kara! <333 It's always wonderful coming across people with the heart for adoption + fostering. <3 <3
Chinalyi Bk April 17, 2019 at 11:36 AM
Yeah, I agree. And I think a large reason that people are pro-life but don’t necessarily think about fostering/adopting is because it’s easier to say something than do something about it. My family fostered for a while, and it is hard. But that doesn’t mean that we give up on those children. We need to fight for both the unborn, but in some ways even more important, those who are in need currently. And I understand that fostering/adopting is not something that everyone is called to do, but we can still support those who do. Love isn’t “specialized” to one single problem; it should cover a “multitude of sins.” We need to be careful not to lose sight of other problems since we’re so focused on one. Great post. ����
Gray Marie April 18, 2019 at 5:50 AM
That's sad but true. :/ Action speaks louder than words, we do need to fight. <3
Libby May April 17, 2019 at 3:47 PM
GRAY CAN I JUST SCREAM FOR A SECOND?!?!?
Long story short, my heart breaks so much about this abortion that's going around, millions of babies every year, their innocent blood crying out to God from the ground and after lunch I asked "God what do you want ME to do? Am I doing enough? You've given me a life and a personality I believe can make a difference, what do you want me to do?!"
I've been intereseted in the foster care system since I was a little girl and I've continued to get to know how it works, my debut and the sequel is about foster care, and I plan (with God's will) to absolutly foster when I have a home to do so in. Thank you Gray. You were SUCH a direct answer to a prayer. Thank you for this post!
Gray Marie April 18, 2019 at 5:52 AM
AHHH THAT'S SO WONDERFUL, LIBBY MAY. <33 Bless you and your heart for the Lord and for his children!! <3 <3
Liz April 17, 2019 at 5:20 PM
*applause* THIS IS SUCH A GOOD POST, GRAY. :D Thank you for writing it.
LHE April 17, 2019 at 7:30 PM
At first, like Ivie said, the title stunned me for a second. I had never thought about it before. But, then I read on, and it breaks my heart to say this, but it can be very true.
I've always loved little kids, and you will never know how happy it made me, knowing your family adopted them. And seeing how happy they are with your family is bittersweet to me because it reminds me that there are so many out there that don't have that same joy of being with a family that loves them. It's a sad truth that many in the foster care system are only taken in for the money, not for the kids themselves, and that really hurts me. And not only that, but the horrors of the foster system are heart wrenching. I agree with everything you've said and I wish the families who could afford to take on another child would act on their pro-life passion instead of just holding signs in the streets. But I’ve come to realize that we are all meant for different things and God uses us each in different ways. Some are meant to protest injustices while others are meant to act on them, and in this case, acting on it would be to adopt the babies that would have been murdered from abortion. I’ve always felt like I want to lead kids and be a role model for them, and fostering is a dream of mine. If I can, I’d like to have kids of my own and foster as well (one of the happiest times for me is getting to be around little ones), but if it’s meant to be, I’ll foster in good time.
Anyway, thank you so much for this post! It awakened my dream I had forgotten of, and I hope it does for others as well! And thanks again for making a difference and adopting those kids, it really means a lot to me. You’ll never know. <3
Gray Marie April 18, 2019 at 5:58 AM
I get why it stunned you for a second.
Children are such a blessing, and it is so sad that there are so many in need. It's true that we are all called to different things, and I'm glad that you're thinking of fostering in the future. <3
Skye Hoffert April 18, 2019 at 5:50 PM
Gray Marie April 19, 2019 at 8:00 AM
Bethany April 19, 2019 at 1:56 PM
Sorry, this is massively off-topic, but what happened to your WIP tag? I was going to (finally) do it, but I can't find the posts for reference.
If you took them down (I hope you didn't, they were cool, but still), could you direct me to someone who participated so I can use theirs for reference?
Gray Marie April 22, 2019 at 6:36 AM
Ooh, yeah, a bunch of my posts messed up and I had to delete them sadly. :(
Julian started the tag, so I'm sure you'll easily find info on her blog: http://juliandaventrymemories.blogspot.com/
Lilly Shyree April 19, 2019 at 2:46 PM
Yes, very true! We need to be loving and reaching out the fatherless! But I do think that many are already doing that. Actually, Abby Johnson (who wrote Unplanned) has adopted multiple children as well as being the one of the head of the pro-life movement. I can agree that some of us perhaps need to do that more (adopt, foster, etc.) but we really need to make sure that we are being lead by the Lord to do so. We have some friends who just adopted kids who they really were not prepared for and there were tragic consequences.
Great points! <333
LHE April 20, 2019 at 7:42 AM
I agree with you completely about the need to make sure you are being led by the Lord to adopt and such. Sometimes we take on things that we don't really have the strength to pull off, and that's what makes God's leading so special. With HIS strength we can do the things he calls us to do. Even things that seem to be beyond our reach. I'm so sorry about your friend's accident—that really hurts me. <3
Gray Marie April 22, 2019 at 6:37 AM
You make great points on your comment as well! Thanks for reading. <33
Mary Kate April 20, 2019 at 7:59 AM
I've actually never seen this part of the pro-life movement before.
In my area/group, most of the people I know have adopted or plan to. My cities group runs a ministry that helps mothers if they decide to keep the baby. They buy or get donations of formula, baby clothes and diapers and use them to help support the mothers. They also take strollers and car seats and other more expensive things. That way the mothers don't have to spend that extra money.
And they get older more experienced moms to come in and teach them how to take care of the baby and talk to them. I wish I could remember what the program was called...
I love how you used this as a call to action.If I ever want a family, I'm 100% going to adopt. Hopefully more young adult people will too.
Gray Marie April 22, 2019 at 6:39 AM
That's so great! I wish you did as well, because that's so amazing. <33
Emily Mundell April 22, 2019 at 11:45 AM
Thank you so, so much for saying this, that needs so badly to be said. I hate this hypocrisy as well. Christians and conservatives are really failing in this area. Adoption is important and valid and, I think, something most every Christian family should be willing to do.
Gray Marie April 23, 2019 at 10:16 PM
It is so important!! Thanks, Emily. <33
Emily G April 23, 2019 at 5:24 PM
This is something I don't think people consider (I know I haven't). Like, life is equally important whether it's been born yet or not, but YES, I've wondered just how different the world could be if everybody put a little more effort into the lives around them that are suffering. On this particular topic, I mean, if they can't adopt, there's still SOMETHING they could do.
Thank you for talking about this. So important. <3
There's for sure always something. <3
Usama LaDLa September 15, 2019 at 12:02 AM
Actually I read it yesterday but I had some thoughts about it and today I wanted to read it again because it is very well written. infissi pescara | [
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If you have had problems with Chase online, please remark what your issue was...thanks
Three issues (1) Unable to log on (Server Busy) (2) Trading platform is slow and drops out a lot (3) Seen some disturbing issues while monitoring logs.
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Richardson v. Louisville & Nashville R. Co. :: 169 U.S. 128 (1898) :: Justia US Supreme Court Center Justia.comFind a LawyerLegal AnswersLawMore ▾Justia BlogVerdictLaw Blog DirectoryLegal FormsUS Law US Supreme Court Cases Federal Cases US Constitution US Code Federal RegulationsFederal DocketsState CasesState Codes & StatutesTrademarksPatentsCompany Legal ProfilesMarketing ServicesSign InSearchJustia › US Law › US Case Law › US Supreme Court › Volume 169 › Richardson v. Louisville & Nashville R. Co. › Case
Sign up for Justia's FREE Newsletters: Daily Opinion Summaries by Court (covering the U.S. Supreme Court, all Federal Appellate Courts, and the 50 State Supreme Courts), and Weekly Opinion Summaries by Practice Area. Subscribe NowRichardson v. Louisville & Nashville R. Co.169 U.S. 128 (1898)Annotate this CaseSyllabus
U.S. Supreme CourtRichardson v. Louisville & Nashville R. Co., 169 U.S. 128 (1898)Richardson v. Louisville & Nashville Railroad CompanyNo. 251Submitted December 18, 1897Decided January 17, 1898169 U.S. 128ERROR TO THE SUPREME COURT
SyllabusOn a motion to dismiss for want of jurisdiction, this Court being of opinion that the ruling of the state court on the points upon which the case turned there was obviously correct, does not feel constrained to retain the case for further argument, and accordingly affirms the judgment. Page 169 U. S. 129This was an action of ejectment brought in a state court of Florida to recover tracts of land at and near Pensacola alleged to have been granted to the person from whom the plaintiff deraigned title by the Spanish superintendent general before the acquisition of Florida by the United States. Judgment was entered for the defendants by the trial court, which judgment was sustained by the supreme court of the state. The grounds upon which each of these judgments was founded are briefly stated in the opinion of the Court, below. The defendant in error moved to dismiss the case for want of jurisdiction. His motion was as follows:"Comes the appellee, the Louisville and Nashville Railroad Company, by its counsel of record, Gregory L. Smith, and moves the court to dismiss the above entitled cause for want of jurisdiction in the Supreme Court of the United States to review the same, in that:""It does not appear from the record that the questions relied upon by the plaintiff in error to give jurisdiction to this court were presented to the state courts for consideration at the proper time and in the proper manner.""The Supreme Court of Florida based its decision upon two sufficient grounds, at least one of which does not involve, and is not claimed to involve, a federal question.""No federal question sufficient to give jurisdiction to this court to review the decision of the state court is involved in the cause or was decided by the Supreme Court of Florida."MR. CHIEF JUSTICE FULLER delivered the opinion of the court.This was an action of ejectment brought by plaintiff in error in the Circuit Court of Escambia County, Florida.On the trial, plaintiff offered in evidence an alleged Spanish grant of several tracts from Don Alexander Ramirez, intendant of the army and superintendent general of Cuba and the two Floridas, to Don Vicente Sebastian Pintado, with proof of Page 169 U. S. 130 execution, and also deraignment of paper title from Pintado's heirs to himself. No evidence was offered of actual prior occupation. The property sued for was included in one of the tracts, described as follows:"The lands designated by the letter 'C' are an extension or tract of the Bay of Pensacola, whose superficies of water is equal to an area of 718 1/2 arpents, superficial, occupying between the eastern point, of the mouth of the Creek of Casa Blanca, commonly called 'Bayou Chico,' and the western point of the mouth of the rivulet or Creek of Texar, commonly called 'Bayou Texar,' and a line drawn in the direction of southeast of the needle, ninety-five perches of Paris, within the sea, from the aforesaid first point, and the other line of 100 of said perches in length, counted from the second point mentioned within the sea, also from the same point of southeast of the needle, which embraces the whole of the front from the one to the other mouth of the Creeks of Casa Blanca and Texar, between which is the Town of Pensacola, the whole conforming and according to the plan annexed, made for the greater clearness and understanding, in which is represented the figure which the said land forms in the water and the limits within the Bay of Pensacola, being that part of the land and beach which is found between the said two points of the mouths of the mentioned creeks, the curve which the shore of the water of the sea at the highest tide in calm weather makes, and with the depth from the surface of the water as far as ten feet English below the actual bottom, or towards the center of the earth, in the whole, the space which the figure represented in the said plan C embraces, considering it as a solid, since it has these three dimensions of longitude, latitude, and depth. . . . The whole in full property, and for the purpose of constructing wharves and houses for bathing; reserving and saving not only the right of his majesty, but also that of the public at all times, whenever it becomes convenient and it be designed to construct wharves, with whatsoever funds, municipal or common, intending the exclusion only with respect to particular individuals. "Page 169 U. S. 131Defendants objected to the introduction of the grant upon the following grounds, viz.:"The grant, so far as it relates to the locus in quo, was a mere license to Pintado to use the property in a particular way, and vested in him no sufficient time upon which to recover in ejectment.""Because said grant, so far as it relates to the locus in quo, was not an exclusive grant of the property occupied by the defendants.""Because said grant, so far as it relates to the locus in quo, was not within the delegated authority of the officer who attempted to grant the same.""Because said grant, so far as it relates to the locus in quo, is not one which was validated or recognized by the treaty between the United States and Spain.""Because it is not shown that Alexander Ramirez had the power or authority to make said grant, so far as it related to the locus in quo."The trial court sustained defendants' objections, and excluded the grant, and plaintiff excepted.Thereupon a verdict was returned for defendants, and judgment entered thereon, from which an appeal was taken to the supreme court of the state. In that court, the plaintiff in error assigned but one error, to-wit, "the refusal of the court to admit in evidence the grant from Alexander Ramirez to Vicente S. Pintado."The Supreme Court of Florida affirmed the judgment, and held that the purpose of the grant"as to the water front therein described was not to grant the land and water as such within the described limits, but the right to use the same, within such limits and to the depth stated below the surface of the soil, for the purpose of constructing wharves and houses for bathing, such right of use being to the exclusion of any similar right of use in any other individuals, and subordinate to the right of the King and the public to construct wharves with municipal or common funds within such limits; also, that, while the King of Spain could have made such a grant to Pintado, it would have been contrary to his laws then in Page 169 U. S. 132 force in West Florida, and a case of special exception from their effect, and that Ramirez had no authority to make the grant, and it was void, and vested no title in the grantee."Richardson v. Sullivan's Executors, 20 S. 815. And see Sullivan v. Richardson, 33 Fla. 1, where the case is fully considered on a prior appeal.On affirming the judgment, the supreme court entered an order to the effect that in holding the grant void, a claim by plaintiff of a right, title, or privilege under the treaty between the United States and Spain of February 22, 1819, had been disposed of adversely to him, and a writ of error from this Court was allowed.As before stated, defendants objected to the admission of the grant in evidence on the grounds that, so far as it related to the locus in quo, it "was a mere license to Pintado to use the property in a particular way, and vested in him no sufficient title on which to recover in ejectment," and also that the grant "was not within the delegated authority of the officer who attempted to grant the same." Thus, the construction of the grant and its validity were presented for consideration as distinct inquiries, and while the trial court assigned no reasons for its action, the supreme court passed on both questions, and in its first opinion elaborately discussed them.But in sustaining the ruling of the trial court in excluding the alleged grant, the supreme court rested its decision on the want of authority to make such a grant as it held this to be. Therefore the contention on behalf of plaintiff in error is that this Court necessarily has jurisdiction. As, however, we entirely concur with the state court in the view that the grant was not a grant of title, but of a mere license, easement, or right of use, and no evidence of prior possession was offered, we need not consider whether the grant, as thus correctly construed, was valid or not, for even if valid, the ruling on this record could not have been other than it was. That ruling was so obviously correct that we do not feel constrained to retain the case for further argument. Chanute City v. Trader,132 U. S. 210.Judgment affirmed. | [
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Crazy Ravens Studio: T is for tea ceremony
Your blog sent me out to see meteorites myself and alas, we had extensive cloud cover so I couldn't see a thing either. Ah well...at least you got to cuddle with Fiona! This tea series has been fabulous! You did the alphabet, you did tea...hmmm...Maybe the 50 states next? The 7 continents? | [
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MOTU Rattlor Figure COMPETE | eBay Please enable JavaScript Our new search experience requires JavaScript to be enabled. Please enable JavaScript on your browser, then try again.
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Hi Lovely Duckling, Loved your response. I definately hear ya on the well fed part! I love food and chocolate is definately a diet killer for me. I had to lately ask my guides for more abundance of exersize. LOL The best thing we can do is just to love ourselves unconditionally and sometimes there is just more of us to love. Big Hugs and many blessings to you. Randall
Commented Aug 4, 2009 on Strut Your Stuff! at California Psychics®
Hi Jacqueline, Pleasure to meet you. You have a beautiful grounded spirit. Definately radiating love and beauty. I was already thinking of contacting you to see if we could co-write a piece on Sweat lodge. So if you would like to let me know and we can ask Jen if it is possible. Yes I have done my 4 years Sundancing. I have pierced in my chest and on my back. One of the more beautiful and healing experiences I have had was the power of Sundance and Sweat lodge when done with respect and purity and loving intentions. I have got to be careful of how much information I can share about the Sundance. It is the most sacred ceremony and the elders really frown upon it being recorded in any fashion. I will definately share what I can. I run my own Sweat lodges. I was shown by my father who taught me how to build and run a Sweat lodge and passed on his songs. My indian name is Buffalo Head- The one to see where to go. Do you have an indian name? Sundancing is one of the biggest commitments I have made in my life but it also one of the things that has given me the most in my life. Pray about it and if it is meant to happen it will happen for you. Ah Inixiquah ( All my relations) My spelling might be off a little on that. I can sing, speak and hear Blackfoot better than I can write it. Big Hugs Randall, and Doreen and the 11 lovebirds
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19th Ward Chicago: Should have happened in January
Should have happened in January
Anonymous 5/10/2017
Drain the swamp little by little
People get fired every day.
He looked like he enjoyed the press conferences.
And it appears that Rahm and his hand-picked board still haven't learned their lesson. A friend told me that a rumor floats about CPS right now that all of the technology people who work in the schools are going to lose their jobs because IT is going the way of the engineers and custodial staff. The kicker is that the person who is bidding on this lucrative, multi-year contract to perform all IT services is actually a woman who oversaw the department for 20 years or so, and she has serious connections to the guy from Wilmette that hid his wife's wedding dress in the crawlspace of that house on the 4200 block of North Hermitage. This is Barbara Byrd Bennett all over, except the stakes will be even higher with "untagged" merchandise walking out the doors and an even bigger contract awarded. But they don't have the money to keep the doors open.
Are the media snoops reading this? How about either of the Inspector Generals? What about the guy who claims to be friends with a guy who knows Jeff Sessions really well? Someone needs to stop this little Monster Rahm from blowing even more money on connected friends and their corporations. | [
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Patent US4901708 - Viewing laryngoscope - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inAdvanced Patent SearchPatentsA laryngoscope curved blade includes a pair of fiber optic bundles, one fiber optic bundle adapted to transmit light to the distal end of the blade and the other fiber optic bundle adapted to provide a viewing channel for telescopic viewing of the area adjacent to the distal end of the blade. A lens...http://www.google.com/patents/US4901708?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US4901708 - Viewing laryngoscopeAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS4901708 APublication typeGrantApplication numberUS 07/222,939Publication dateFeb 20, 1990Filing dateJul 22, 1988Priority dateJul 22, 1988Fee statusLapsedAlso published asCA2004139A1, CA2004139CPublication number07222939, 222939, US 4901708 A, US 4901708A, US-A-4901708, US4901708 A, US4901708AInventorsTzium-Shou LeeOriginal AssigneeLee Tzium ShouExport CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (7), Referenced by (30), Classifications (9), Legal Events (5) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetViewing laryngoscope
US 4901708 AAbstract
A laryngoscope curved blade includes a pair of fiber optic bundles, one fiber optic bundle adapted to transmit light to the distal end of the blade and the other fiber optic bundle adapted to provide a viewing channel for telescopic viewing of the area adjacent to the distal end of the blade. A lens attached to the proximal end of the blade gathers and focuses the light transmitted by the viewing channel fiber optic bundle. Additionally, a lamp located on the proximal end of the blade provides illumination down the throat of a patient for line of sight viewing of the person performing the largyngoscope and the light transmitted by the first fiber optic bundle for illumination of the area adjacent to the distal end of the blade.
1. A laryngoscope which comprises a handle member adapted to receive batteries therein, a blade member having distal and proximal ends, means for attaching the proximal end of the blade member to the handle member, said blade member having a spatula portion curved longitudinally along its length and transversely across its width to provide an open bottom U-shaped tubulation and viewing channel along its length when inserted in the mouth of the user, a lamp member energized by batteries in the handle suspended from the proximal end of the blade member, below and facing said tubulation and viewing channel to illuminate for viewing and tubulation channel in the area between the distal and proximal ends of the spatula portion of said blade member, a first fiber optic bundle extending lengthwise on one leg of the tubulation an viewing channel from adjacent said lamp member and transmitting short of the distal end of the spatula to receive light from the lamp member and illuminate the area adjacent the distal end of the blade member, a lens on the proximal end of the blade member, a second fiber optic bundle extending lengthwise on the opposite leg of the channel terminating adjacent the distal end of the blade member beyond said first bundle to transmit the lighted view from adjacent said distal end to said lens, and said tubulation and viewing channel portion between the fiber optic bundles being unimpeded for tubulation and providing a clear sight path from the proximal end of the blade member along length of the spatula portion.
2. The laryngoscope of claim 1 including a wide dispersion lens on the distal end of the first fiber optic bundle to widely disperse the light emitted therefrom.
3. The laryngoscope of claim 1 including a second lens coupled to the distal end of the second fiber optic bundle to focus the light to the proximal end of the blade.
4. A laryngoscope blade member having proximal and distal ends with means at the proximal end for attachment to a battery carrying handle, a longitudinally elongated spatula portion between said ends, said spatula portion being transversely curved along its length to provide a viewing and tubulation channel which is open along its length, a lamp means suspended from the proximal end of the blade adapted to be energized from batteries in a handle attached to the blade and positioned to illuminate the tubulation channel in the area between the distal and proximal ends of the blade, a fiber optic bundle extending along one side of the channel for transmitting light from the lamp means to the area surrounding the distal end of the blade, and said lamp means and said bundle being positioned out of the viewing and tubulation portion of the channel to provide an unobstructed viewing and tubulation path along the length of the spatula portion.
5. The blade member of claim 4 including an upstanding leg means at the proximal end thereof mounting said lamp means below the viewing channel.
6. The laryngoscope of claim 4 including a second fiber optic bundle transmitting the view from the illuminated distal area of the spatula portion to the proximal end of the blade.
7. A laryngoscope blade having a proximal and distal ends and adapted to be affixed to a battery carrying laryngoscope handle member at its proximal end, said blade having a spatula portion between the proximal and distal ends of the blade, said spatula portion being curved longitudinally about its midpoint to embrace the tongue and throat of a user and also being curved transversely along its length to provide an open bottom viewing and tubulation channel with opposite sides, a lamp means attached to the proximal end of the blade adapted to be energized from batteries in the handle to illuminate the viewing and tubulation channel in the area between the distal and proximal end of the blade, a first fiber optic bundle along the length of the spatula portion at one side of the channel adapted to transmit light from the lamp means toward the distal end of the blade, a second fiber optic bundle attached along the length of the opposite side of the channel adapted to transmit the view from the light illuminated distal end portion of the blade to the proximal end of the blade, a viewing lens at the proximal end of the blade attached to said second optic bundle, and said first and second fiber optic bundles being positioned out of the path of said viewing and tubulation channel.
The present invention relates generally to medical diagnostic and surgical instruments and, in particular, to an improved laryngoscope including a blade incorporating fiber optic bundles thereon.
A human, like most vertebrates, has a plurality of internal passageways, tracts, tubes or pipes communicating between the mouth and the stomach or the lungs. The pharynx is a tract that extends from the nasal cavities to the larynx. The larynx is the upper part of the respiratory tract between the pharynx and the trachea, having cartilaginous walls and containing vocal cords enveloped in folds of mucous membranes attached to the sides. The trachea is a thin-walled tube of cartilaginous and membraneous tissue communicating between the larynx and the lungs to carry air to and from the lungs. The esophagus is a digestive tract communicating between the pharnyx in the area of the larynx and the stomach to carry food to the stomach.
The esophagus and trachea are positioned side-by-side and terminate in the area of the larynx. Thus, both food and air use the common pharynx between the mouth and the nasal cavities and the larynx area.
To prevent food from entering the larynx, a valve member called the epiglottis is provided on the outlet side of the larynx, just above the vocal cords. The epiglottis is a piece of leaf-like tissue composed of cartilage covered by mucous membrane and functions as a lid to cover the entrance to the larynx or voice organ during the act of swallowing. The mucous membrane of the epiglottis is loose and extends to the root (beginning) of the tongue. In doing so, it forms several folds. One that extends to the mid-line of the tongue is called median glosso epiglottic fold. A fold that goes to the side of the tongue is called the lateral glosso epiglottic fold. Between the median fold just described and the lateral fold, there is a natural depression or groove. This natural depression or groove is called the vallecula epiglottica, vallecula being a generic term for a shallow depression or groove. There is one such vallecula on each side of the median glosso epiglottic fold, i.e., a left and right vallecula.
A laryngoscope is a device that enables one to view into the larynx of a patient. Moreover, the laryngoscope assists in the intubulation or insertion of endoscopes down the trachea or esophagus of a patient by stretching the pharynx or throat sufficiently to permit passage of the endoscope while allowing viewing of the endoscope as it is inserted. Endoscopes are tubular instruments combining a light system and a telescopic system used in the visualization of the interior of a member such as an organ, and are adaptable for diagnostic, therapeutic and surgical procedures.
Laryngoscopes are formed of two main members: a handle member and a blade member. The handle member generally is a cylinder adapted to receive therein, batteries for powering a light source such as a lamp. The handle member includes an attaching or lock portion to which the blade member is operatively attached.
The blade member is generally one of two types: straight or curved. The curved type of a blade member is better suited for persons of normal anatomical configuration while the straight type blade member is better suited for persons with certain abnormally configured larynxes.
Either type of blade member includes a spatula portion and, generally, an upstanding leg portion. Each blade member is elongated and extends from a proximal end attached to the handle member to a distal end which is inserted into the patient's throat.
Laryngoscopy is the visual examination of the exterior and interior of the larynx by means of the laryngoscope. During a laryngoscopy, the blade of the laryngoscope is inserted into the throat or pharynx of the patient and the tip of the distal end of the blade is placed into the vallecula epiglottica, i.e., the depression formed at the base of the tongue and the epiglottis. With slight pressure, the blade causes the epiglottis to lift up, thereby exposing the larynx to the view of the medical professional performing the laryngoscopy.
Several features have been incorporated in the blade members to improve the viewing by the medical professional. On some blade members, the spatula includes a concave portion at the mid-portion to provide a tunnel along the length of the blade member through which the line of sight of the medical professional extends. Furthermore, lamps have been incorporated on some blade members to provide illumination into the interior of the patient's pharynx.
In some instances, the anatomical variations of the human throat are such that even when using a standard curved blade, the vocal cords can lie out of the direct vision line of the medical professional inserting the laryngoscope blade member. Thus, the medical professional will not have a clear view of the vocal cords when inserting the blade of a laryngoscope. This can be critical because the blade can be inserted such that the patient's throat is subject to trauma. Thus, it is highly desirable to provide a medical professional with the ability to view the area adjacent the distal end of a curved laryngoscope blade member so that trauma to the throat of a patient can be avoided.
In accordance with principles of the present invention, a laryngoscope is provided that enables a medical professional performing a laryngoscopy to have a clear view of the area adjacent the distal tip of a curved type laryngoscope blade member while inserting the blade member into the throat of a patient. To this end, fiber optic bundles are incorporated along a blade member, one fiber optic bundle transmitting light from a light source located near the proximal end of the blade member to a point along the distal end of the blade member and another fiber optic bundle being coupled to a lens located at the proximal end of the blade member to provide telescopic viewing of the area adjacent the distal end of the blade member.
By utilizing fiber optic bundles, it is possible to cause the transmission of light to occur around the bend of a curved blade. In this manner, irrespective of the physical location of the vocal cords or other anatomical features under examination, the area in proximity to the tip of the blade member is fully viewable.
Further, by appropriate placement of the fiber optic bundles, there is no interference with the normal view area along the spatula portion of the blade member. Additionally, the light source transmitting fiber optic bundle has a wide dispersion optic at its distal end so as to illuminate not only the area proximate to the distal end of the blade member, but to illuminate the throat of a patient along the normal line of sight of the user performing the laryngoscopy.
In one embodiment, the fiber optic bundles are placed at the sides of the blade member so as not to interfere with the normal tube passage channel formed by the concave tunnel down the center of the spatula portion of the blade member. In another embodiment, the fiber optic bundles are placed outside of the normal side reach of the blade member.
It is an object to provide an improved curved blade laryngoscope. It is another object to provide telescopic viewing of the area adjacent the distal end of a blade member of a curved blade laryngoscope.
It is a further object to provide illumination of the area adjacent the distal end of a blade member of a curved blade laryngoscope.
It is yet a further object to provide illumination of the area adjacent the distal end of a blade member of a curved blade laryngoscope that is dispersed widely.
FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of a laryngoscope embodying principles of the invention illustrating the performance of a laryngoscopy on a patient;
FIG. 2 is a side elevational view, partially broken away, of the laryngoscope of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a partial proximal end view of the laryngoscope of FIG. 1 illustrating the proximal end of the blade member;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the laryngoscope of FIG. 1 taken along the line IV--IV of FIG. 2; and
FIG. 5 is a fragmentary distal end view of the laryngoscope of FIG. 1 illustrating the distal ends of the fiber optic bundles.
The present invention provides a laryngoscope which allows for viewing around the bend of a curve blade member thus enabling viewing of the area adjacent the distal end of the blade member. To this end, fiber optic bundles are incorporated along a laryngoscope blade member, one bundle providing light transmission from a light source located near the proximal end near the blade member to the distal end of the blade member and another bundle coupled to a lens located at the proximal end of the blade member to provide telescopic viewing of the area adjacent the distal end of the blade member.
In FIG. 1 there is illustrated a cross-sectional view of a head 10 and a neck portion 12 of a human or patient positioned lying on his or her back. The patient is illustrated as being subjected to a laryngoscopy.
In the cross-sectional view, the patient's pharynx 14 (formed of nasal cavities 16 and mouth 18), tongue 20, epiglottis 22, esophagus 24, trachea 26, and larynx 28 are shown. Additionally shown is the patient's vallecula epiglottica 30, formed at the base of the tongue 20 and the epiglottis 22.
A laryngoscope 40, embodying principles of the invention and more fully illustrated in FIG. 2, is utilized in the laryngoscopy illustrated in FIG. 1. The laryngoscope 40 includes two basic members: a handle member 42 and a curved blade member 44.
As illustrated most fully in FIGS. 2 and 3, the handle member 42 includes an attaching or locking portion 48 to which the blade member 44 is operatively attached. Such handle members are readily available from a variety of manufacturers in the art.
The handle member 42 is cylindrically shaped and is adapted to receive batteries therein that provide a portable power source for the laryngoscope. The batteries are inserted into the handle member 42 by removal of a cover 48 located on one end of the handle member 42.
The blade member 44 includes a spatula portion 50 formed as an elongated member curved about a mid-point 52. The blade member 44 further includes an upstanding leg 54 which runs perpendicularly along one edge of the spatula member 50. The right angle formed by the upstanding leg 54 and the spatula member 50 is more clearly illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4.
In FIGS. 3 and 4, it is illustrated that the spatula member 50 includes a concave channel 56 running along its length. The channel 56 is provided to allow a medical professional to have a greater line of sight view along the blade member 44 when performing a laryngoscopy and to provide a channel that accommodates a tubular portion of an endoscope, not illustrated.
As illustrated in FIGS. 2-5, the blade member 44 includes a pair of fiber optic bundles 60 and 62 affixed thereon. The fiber optic bundle 60 is adapted to transmit light produced by a lamp 64, operatively coupled to the batteries in the handle member 42, to the distal end of the blade member 44. The fiber optic bundle 62 is adapted to provide a telescopic viewing channel from the distal end to the proximal end of the blade member 44.
A lens member 66 and a lens member 68, located at opposite ends of the fiber optic bundle 62, cooperate to provide telescopic viewing. The lens 66 is located on the distal end of the fiber optic bundle 62 and serves to gather the light at that end and to focus it at the distal end of the bundle 62. A lens member 68 located at the proximal end of the blade member 44 gathers the light transmitted from the distal end of the blade member and expands it to provide an enlarged image at the proximal end of the blade member 44 for the person performing the laryngoscopy. Thus, the person performing the laryngoscopy enjoys a telescopic view of the area adjacent the distal end of the blade member 44.
As illustrated most clearly in FIGS. 4 and 5, the fiber optic bundles are positioned along the concave channel 56 of the spatula member 50. The fiber optic bundles 60 and 62 are small enough and spaced sufficiently far from each other so as not to block viewing along the spatula member 50 along the concave channel 56 or to block the space in the channel 56 through which the tubular member of an endoscope can be inserted.
Furthermore, as illustrated in FIG. 5, the fiber optic bundle 60 includes a lens 70 located on the distal end thereof to provide a wide dispersion of light to illuminate the throat of the patient, as well as the area in proximity to the distal end of the blade member 44.
As illustrated in FIG. 2, in the presently preferred embodiment, the fiber optic bundle 60 does not extend the full length of the blade member 44. The reason for this is that it is preferable to provide light at a point of the blade member 44 at which the light will not be fully covered by throat tissue upon insertion of the blade member 44 into the throat of the patient.
In use during the performance of a laryngoscopy, as illustrated in FIG. 1, the blade member 44 of the laryngoscope 40 is inserted into the mouth 18 of the patient. The blade member 44 supports the tongue 20 and opens the pharynx 14 to provide a line of sight down the throat of the patient for the person performing the laryngoscopy. As illustrated, the tip of the blade member 44 is inserted into the vallecula epiglottis 30, compression thereof causing the epiglottis 22 to raise up to expose the larynx 28 of the patient for viewing by the person performing the laryngoscopy. It can be appreciated that while the blade member 44 is being inserted into the vallecula epiglottica 30, the medical professional performing the laryngoscopy can view the area adjacent the tip of the blade member 44 through the eyepiece 66 and thus, ensure proper placement of the blade member 44 in the mouth 18 of the patient. By being able to view the area proximate to the tip of the blade member 44, the medical professional can ensure that the blade member 44 does not cause trauma or damage to the throat of the patient.
As is further illustrated in FIG. 1, the blade member described, provides two sources of light down the throat of the patient. The lamp member 64 provides light from the proximal end of the laryngoscope and, to a degree, illuminates the mouth and the pharynx of the patient. The light transmitted by fiber optic bundle 60 illuminates the area proximate to the distal end of the blade member 44.
Patent CitationsCited PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS2354471 *Aug 18, 1943Jul 25, 1944Foregger Company IncLaryngoscopeUS3091235 *Jun 15, 1960May 28, 1963American Optical CorpDiagnostic instrumentsUS3638644 *Mar 5, 1969Feb 1, 1972Michael ElbertIlluminated surgical speculumUS4086919 *Jul 9, 1976May 2, 1978Bullard James RLaryngoscopeUS4306547 *Nov 20, 1979Dec 22, 1981Lowell James RRigid fiberoptic laryngoscopeUS4583527 *Dec 24, 1984Apr 22, 1986Musicant Belmont SDisposable cushioning device for a laryngoscopeUS4592393 *Nov 27, 1984Jun 3, 1986Sulzer Brothers LimitedWeft thread preparation device* Cited by examinerReferenced byCiting PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS5060633 *Aug 31, 1990Oct 29, 1991Gibson Michael SLaryngoscope bladeUS5263472 *Aug 8, 1990Nov 23, 1993Ough Yon DLaryngoscope bladeUS5279281 *Sep 14, 1990Jan 18, 1994Harvey James CSingle-handed fibre-optic flexible laryngoscopeUS5287848 *May 21, 1993Feb 22, 1994Anthony CubbFor easy/accurate positioning of an endotrachael tube through vocal cordsUS5355870 *Jul 28, 1992Oct 18, 1994William LacyLaryngoscope having removable blade assembly containing lamp and light conductorUS5381787 *Mar 29, 1993Jan 17, 1995Bullard; James R.Extendable and retractable laryngoscopeUS5394863 *Jan 12, 1993Mar 7, 1995Sanford; Theodore H.Vaginal fornix illuminatorUS5800344 *Oct 23, 1996Sep 1, 1998Welch Allyn, Inc.Video laryngoscopeUS5873818 *Jan 23, 1998Feb 23, 1999Rothfels; Nancy LoisLaryngoscope with enhanced viewing capabilityUS5888195 *Mar 26, 1998Mar 30, 1999Schneider; Cary N.Laryngoscope bladeUS6623425Jul 23, 2001Sep 23, 2003Cartledge Medical Products, LlcModified laryngoscope blade to reduce dental injuries during intubationUS6840903Mar 21, 2002Jan 11, 2005Nuvista Technology CorporationLaryngoscope with image sensorUS7044910Aug 12, 2003May 16, 2006Cartledge Medical Products, Inc.Modified laryngoscope blade to reduce dental injuries during intubationUS7336833Jun 30, 2004Feb 26, 2008Given Imaging, Ltd.Device, system, and method for reducing image data captured in-vivoUS7801584May 2, 2004Sep 21, 2010Given Imaging Ltd.Panoramic field of view imaging deviceUS8251898Aug 7, 2008Aug 28, 2012Truphatek International LtdLaryngoscope apparatus with enhanced viewing capabilityUS8512234Apr 4, 2012Aug 20, 2013Truphatek International Ltd.Laryngoscope assembly with enhanced viewing capabilityUS8603105Jun 21, 2011Dec 10, 2013Lsi Solutions, Inc.Ergonomic, lighted uterine manipulator with cauteryUS8800566Oct 19, 2010Aug 12, 2014Ecolab Usa Inc.Airway devices, tube securing devices, and methods of making and using the sameUS8827899 *Sep 17, 2010Sep 9, 2014Vivid Medical, Inc.Disposable endoscopic access device and portable displayUS8858425Apr 13, 2010Oct 14, 2014Vivid Medical, Inc.Disposable endoscope and portable displayUS8878924Apr 30, 2010Nov 4, 2014Vivid Medical, Inc.Disposable microscope and portable displayUS20100121152 *Nov 3, 2009May 13, 2010Board Of Regents Of The University Of NebraskaSuction catheter assembly for a laryngoscopeUS20110028790 *Sep 17, 2010Feb 3, 2011Vivid Medical, Inc.Disposable endoscopic access device and portable displayUSRE37861 *Aug 31, 2000Sep 24, 2002Cary N. SchneiderLaryngoscope bladeCN100434032CNov 18, 2002Nov 19, 2008图发特克国际有限公司Light guide mount for use with a laryngoscopeDE102004028428A1 *Jun 3, 2004Jan 26, 2006Karl Storz Gmbh & Co. KgLaryngoskopEP1647296A1 *Oct 7, 2005Apr 19, 2006Machida Endoscope Co., LtdAirway tube guiding apparatusWO1994003101A1 *Jul 28, 1993Feb 17, 1994William LaceyLaryngoscope having removable blade assembly containing lampWO2003079889A1 *Mar 19, 2003Oct 2, 2003Nuvista Technology CorpLaryngoscope with image sensor* Cited by examinerClassifications U.S. Classification600/188, 600/199, 600/138International ClassificationA61B1/267Cooperative ClassificationA61B1/07, A61B1/267, A61B1/00195European ClassificationA61B1/267, A61B1/06Legal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionApr 16, 2002FPExpired due to failure to pay maintenance feeEffective date: 20020220Feb 20, 2002LAPSLapse for failure to pay maintenance feesSep 11, 2001REMIMaintenance fee reminder mailedJul 24, 1997FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 8Aug 12, 1993FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 4RotateOriginal ImageGoogle Home - Sitemap - USPTO Bulk Downloads - Privacy Policy - Terms of Service - About Google Patents - Send FeedbackData provided by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services | [
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Pet preforms - production, sales in the region of In Uzbekistan - the catalog of companies and organizations, their addresses, phone numbers, contacts can be found in the directory Yellow Pages Uzbekistan.
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2 AQUA BOTTLERS JV LLC
Faxes: 78 1502008
Legal name: AQUA BOTTLERS JV LLC
Brand name: AQUA BOTTLERS JV LLC
Address: Uzbekistan, Tashkent region, Zangiata district, settlement SALAR, 1
3 KARTON OSIYO LLC
4 LANCASTER TECHNOLOGIES BRANCH
5 LEADING FORCE COMPANY LLC
Faxes: 71 2371248
Legal name: LEADING FORCE COMPANY LLC
Brand name: LEADING FORCE COMPANY LLC
6 PET PLAST OIL JV LLC
Faxes: 71 2471324
Legal name: PET PLAST OIL JV LLC
Brand name: PET PLAST OIL JV LLC
Address: Uzbekistan, 100132, Tashkent, UCHTEPA DISTRICT, street TASHKENT KHALKA AVTOMOBIL YULI, 20
7 TARLEPLAST LLC
8 VERIF LLC
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Yellowpages.uz electronic directory: a complete list of companies in «Pet preforms - production, sales» Uzbekistan. Telephones, addresses, work schedules and any additional information available on the resource 24 hours a day. Only the audited data of the Pet preforms - production, sales category of Uzbekistan with regular updates, collected over the twenty-two years of the existence of the catalog, as well as a free telephone service with up-to-date information on the Pet preforms - production, sales section of Uzbekistan. | [
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New Tutorial Is Almost Ready
I am finishing the new tutorial, Faux Porcelain Heart Necklace with Hand-Made Necklace Ends.
This tutorial will explain how to make the focal pendant for the necklace, as well as the necklace ends, and how to put it all together into a multi-string necklace with seed beads and fresh-water pearls. The resulting necklace is very delicate and romantic, perfect for any time of the year.
The heart pendant recreates the look of hand-sculpted porcelain in polymer clay. My Grandma used to have a beautiful collection of porcelain vases and trinket boxes. They were very delicate, with tiny hand-sculpted flowers. I remember my fascination with them when I was a little girl...
For this necklace, I decided to make a pair of matching polymer clay necklace ends, because anything metal seemed a bit out of place with this design. Making them is quite easy, actually. In fact, the whole project is rather simple, and does not require any previous experience with polymer clay. List of tools and materials is also short and simple. You do not even need a pasta machine to do it! This tutorial shall be available by the end of February. Please join my mailing list to be notified when the tutorial is ready.
very very very nice .Ivery likeyourhand made.
Polymer Clay Chameleon:Gorgeous
Student's Work:Bracelet
I am finishing the...
My Beads in Treasury
I want to thank Viki Twyman ...
Polymer Clay Chameleon:Charming
Zuleykha makes...
New Steampunk Butterflies:Lilac
I just finished tw...
Polymer Clay Chameleon:Hearted
My Faux Cloisonne Heart in a Treasury
Helen of dal...
Polymer Clay Chameleon:Blooming
The polymer cl...
Polymer Clay Smooshers Scavenger Hunt
The group o... | [
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Shelter Cymru Charity Welsh Art Auction at Penarth Pier Pavilion | Bethie Helliwell Portfolio
Post navigation « » Shelter Cymru Charity Welsh Art Auction at Penarth Pier Pavilion Tonight was the big night.
Alex and I arrived early and had plenty of time
so we enjoyed a coffee outside on the pier.
It was a really lovely and proud moment to walk around with Alex and watch people viewing the work, going from piece to piece and deciding what they would like to bid on.
After everyone had had a good look at the exhibition
the Penarth Pier Pavilion girls and I took down all the ‘lots’ and
began sorting them into the order they were going to be shown at auction.
There was a really buzzing atmosphere and it was lovely to work alongside staff from Shelter Cymru
and staff from Penarth Pier Pavilion. Abi and I printed out copies of my rather modest floor plan and messy list of the additional lots for the girls, so we could do it in order.
I am far too organised.
The auction went amazingly, every lot went out on time and in the right order and more importantly than that every piece sold and we raised nearly £13,000 for the charity Shelter Cymru, together with the auctions in North Wales and London, Shelter Cymru raised has raised over £21,000 this year for their amazing work with housing.
This was my desk for the evening haha.
I feel privileged to of been part of something so creative and successful, in such a beautiful building, with such lovely people.
“Shelter Cymru believes that everyone in Wales has the right to a decent home and that this is essential to the health and well-being of people and communities. We work closely with our sister charities in England and Scotland, but we are independent and focus solely on the needs of people in Wales.”
26 Sep This entry was published on September 26, 2014 at 11:18 pm. It’s filed under Cardiff, CV, Events, Exhibitions and tagged art auction, art exhibition, art penarth, artauction, Cardiff, cardiff pier, coffee, creative, fundraising, penarth, penarthpier, penarthpierpavilion, pier, redhead, shelter charity, shelter charity art auction, shelter cymru, Wales, welsh art. Bookmark the permalink. Follow any comments here with the RSS feed for this post. Browse Older: Curating and Installing the Shelter Cymru Charity Welsh Art Auction at Penarth Pier Pavilion Newer: Curating and Installing the Frankie Locke and Peter Raymond Exhibition at Penarth Pier Pavilion Leave a Reply Cancel reply Enter your comment here... | [
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[Letter from A. S. Hardaway to Claude and Linnet Moore White, May 16, 1909] - Digital Library
Hardaway, A. S. [Letter from A. S. Hardaway to Claude and Linnet Moore White, May 16, 1909], letter, May 19, 1909; (digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth203999/: accessed January 15, 2019), University of North Texas Libraries, Digital Library, digital.library.unt.edu; crediting UNT Libraries Special Collections. | [
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La Fleur de Lys too: Relics saved
Not being a godon myslef I still find reading your articles as being well thought out and indescribably easy reading. I can tell why you, Elena-Maria, and Catherine write. For me it is a therapy, it is evidently a way of life. | [
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"value": "Blogger is an American online content management system (CMS) which enables multi-user blogs with time-stamped entries. Pyra Labs developed it before being acquired by Google in 2003."
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Amazon.ca: Mystery - Mystery & Thrillers: Books
BooksAdvanced SearchBrowse SubjectsNew ReleasesBestsellersBargain BooksTextbooksLivres en fran�ais Books › Audiobooks › Mystery & Thrillers › Mystery
Showing 1 - 12 of 8,636 Results
Clean Sweep (The Mystery Project) by Alf Silver (Audio Cassette - Jan. 1 1999)
White Jazz by James Ellroy (Audio Cassette - Sept. 1 1992)
Rumpole's Last Case by John Clifford Mortimer and Leo McKern (Audio Cassette - Jan. 1994)
1 new from CDN$ 101.08
I'll Be Watching You by Victoria Gotti (Audio Cassette - July 7 1998)
Cards on the Table by Agatha Christie and Geraldine James (Audio Cassette - Nov. 2003)
4 new from CDN$ 70.83
9 used from CDN$ 30.31
White Death Unabridged by Clive Cussler and Scott Brick (Audio Cassette - June 20 2003)
1 new from CDN$ 217.35
The Narrows by Michael Connelly and Len Cariou (Audio Cassette - May 1 2004)
The Nine Tailors: A BBC Full-Cast Radio Drama by Dorothy L. Sayers, Ian Carmichael and Full Cast (Audio CD - Nov. 9 2010)
Audiobooks (8,570) | [
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"value": "Amazon.com, Inc. ( AM-ə-zon) is an American multinational conglomerate which focuses on e-commerce, cloud computing, digital streaming, and artificial intelligence."
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] |
Patent US5165944 - Gradual release structures for chewing gum - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inPatentsGradual release structures for the release of active agents in chewing gum and a process for making such structures are provided. The gradual release structures are formed by extrusion techniques through slot dies and comprise an active agent and a wall material....http://www.google.com/patents/US5165944?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US5165944 - Gradual release structures for chewing gumAdvanced Patent SearchPublication numberUS5165944 APublication typeGrantApplication numberUS 07/781,006Publication dateNov 24, 1992Filing dateOct 18, 1991Priority dateApr 19, 1989Fee statusPaidPublication number07781006, 781006, US 5165944 A, US 5165944A, US-A-5165944, US5165944 A, US5165944AInventorsJoo H. Song, Charles M. CopperOriginal AssigneeWm. Wrigley Jr. CompanyExport CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (75), Non-Patent Citations (4), Referenced by (24), Classifications (21), Legal Events (9) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetGradual release structures for chewing gum
Patent CitationsCited PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS3028308 *Oct 1, 1959Apr 3, 1962Merck & Co IncDry pharmaceutical vehicle of copolymer of hydrolyzed gelatin and glyoxal, and its productionUS3201353 *Jun 14, 1960Aug 17, 1965American Agricultural Chem CoMicro-inclusions and method of making sameUS3329574 *Apr 12, 1965Jul 4, 1967Schwarz Biores IncMethod and material for selective diffusionUS3435110 *Mar 21, 1966Mar 25, 1969Ethicon IncCollagen fibril matrix pharmaceuticalsUS3737521 *Dec 9, 1970Jun 5, 1973Goodrich Co B FFormulation for sustained release of a biological agentUS3795744 *Jun 25, 1971Mar 5, 1974Lotte Co LtdFlavor variable chewing gum and methods of preparing the sameUS3818107 *Sep 28, 1972Jun 18, 1974Brook DChewing gum with sustained flavor release compositionsUS3923939 *Jun 7, 1974Dec 2, 1975Alza CorpProcess for improving release kinetics of a monolithic drug delivery deviceUS3928633 *Dec 3, 1973Dec 23, 1975Gen Foods CorpSweetening composition and process thereforUS3951821 *Sep 20, 1974Apr 20, 1976The Dow Chemical CompanyDisintegrating agent for tabletsUS4122195 *Jan 24, 1977Oct 24, 1978General Foods CorporationFixation of APM in chewing gumUS4125519 *Oct 13, 1976Nov 14, 1978Murray GoodmanPolypeptides containing 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanineUS4139639 *Oct 28, 1977Feb 13, 1979General Foods CorporationFixation of APM in chewing gumUS4206301 *Apr 12, 1974Jun 3, 1980Seymour YollesSustained flavor release compositionUS4226886 *Feb 16, 1979Oct 7, 1980Micro-Cel Systems, Inc.Self-metering liquid retentive pad and process for producing sameUS4230687 *May 30, 1978Oct 28, 1980Griffith Laboratories U.S.A., Inc.Encapsulation of active agents as microdispersions in homogeneous natural polymeric matricesUS4374858 *Mar 3, 1981Feb 22, 1983Warner-Lambert CompanyAspartame sweetened chewing gum of improved sweetness stabilityUS4384004 *Jun 2, 1981May 17, 1983Warner-Lambert CompanyEncapsulated APM and method of preparationUS4384005 *Jun 2, 1981May 17, 1983General Foods CorporationNon-friable, readily-soluble, compressed tablets and process for preparing sameUS4386106 *Dec 1, 1981May 31, 1983Borden, Inc.Process for preparing a time delayed release flavorant and an improved flavored chewing gum compositionUS4388328 *Oct 15, 1981Jun 14, 1983Warner-Lambert CompanySorbitol containing mixture encapsulated flavorUS4447475 *Jun 2, 1980May 8, 1984Ici Australia LimitedProcess for composite polymer beadsUS4485118 *Apr 21, 1983Nov 27, 1984Warner-Lambert CompanyGum composition with plural time releasing flavors and method of preparationUS4490395 *Apr 18, 1983Dec 25, 1984Warner-Lambert CompanyChewing gum with improved stabilityUS4496592 *May 18, 1983Jan 29, 1985Meiji Seika Kaisha, Ltd.Process for producing chewing gum in the form of composite fibersUS4515769 *Feb 2, 1983May 7, 1985Borden, Inc.Encapsulated flavorant material, method for its preparation, and food and other compositions incorporating sameUS4556566 *Jun 30, 1983Dec 3, 1985Mallinckrodt, Inc.Salt substitute containing potassium chloride coated with a mixture of maltodextrin and sodium chloride and method of preparationUS4556567 *Jun 30, 1983Dec 3, 1985Mallinckrodt, Inc.Salt substitute containing potassium chloride coated with maltodextrin and method of preparationUS4568560 *Mar 16, 1984Feb 4, 1986Warner-Lambert CompanyEncapsulated fragrances and flavors and process thereforUS4590075 *Aug 27, 1984May 20, 1986Warner-Lambert CompanyElastomer encapsulation of flavors and sweeteners, long lasting flavored chewing gum compositions based thereon and process of preparationUS4606940 *Dec 21, 1984Aug 19, 1986The Ohio State University Research FoundationSmall particle formation and encapsulationUS4634593 *Jul 31, 1985Jan 6, 1987Nabisco Brands, Inc.Composition and method for providing controlled release of sweetener in confectionsUS4673565 *May 3, 1985Jun 16, 1987E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And CompanyPharmaceutical compositions containing hollow fine tubular drug delivery systemsUS4673577 *Jun 12, 1985Jun 16, 1987Wm. Wrigley Jr. CompanyShellac encapsulant for high-potency sweeteners in chewing gumUS4689235 *Jan 18, 1985Aug 25, 1987Scm CorporationEncapsulation matrix composition and encapsulate containing sameUS4690825 *Oct 4, 1985Sep 1, 1987Advanced Polymer Systems, Inc.Method for delivering an active ingredient by controlled time release utilizing a novel delivery vehicle which can be prepared by a process utilizing the active ingredient as a porogenUS4695463 *May 24, 1985Sep 22, 1987Warner-Lambert CompanyDelivery system for active ingredients and preparation thereofUS4711784 *Jan 7, 1986Dec 8, 1987Warner-Lambert CompanyEncapsulation composition for use with chewing gum and edible productsUS4720384 *Aug 21, 1986Jan 19, 1988E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And CompanyManufacture of hollow fine tubular drug delivery systemsUS4721620 *Apr 1, 1986Jan 26, 1988Warner-Lambert CompanyPolyvinylacetate bubble gum base compositionUS4722845 *Dec 23, 1986Feb 2, 1988Warner-Lambert CompanyStable cinnamon-flavored chewing gum compositionUS4726953 *Oct 1, 1986Feb 23, 1988Nabisco Brands, Inc.Sweet flavorful soft flexible sugarless chewing gumUS4740376 *Jun 29, 1987Apr 26, 1988Warner-Lambert CompanyEncapsulation composition for use with chewing gum and edible productsUS4752485 *Oct 5, 1984Jun 21, 1988Warner-Lambert CompanyNovel sweetener delivery systemsUS4766036 *Sep 16, 1985Aug 23, 1988The Dow Chemical CompanyProcess for producing porous fibers from orientable olefin polymers having cation-containing, pendent reactive side-groups and the resultant productUS4794003 *Nov 20, 1987Dec 27, 1988Warner-Lambert CompanyPolyvinylacetate bubble gum base compositionUS4816265 *Dec 23, 1986Mar 28, 1989Warner-Lambert CompanySweetener delivery systems containing polyvinyl acetateUS4824681 *Dec 19, 1986Apr 25, 1989Warner-Lambert CompanyEncapsulated sweetener composition for use with chewing gum and edible productsUS4828857 *Oct 22, 1987May 9, 1989Warner-Lambert CompanyNovel sweetener delivery systemsUS4841968 *Sep 26, 1986Jun 27, 1989Southern Research InstituteAntithrombotic/thrombolytic suture and methods of making and using the sameUS4873085 *Mar 18, 1988Oct 10, 1989Fuisz Pharmaceutical Ltd.Spun fibrous cosmetic and method of useUS4885175 *Dec 23, 1987Dec 5, 1989Wm. Wrigley Jr. CompanyMethod of making chewing gum with wax-coated delayed release ingredientsUS4892736 *Jun 3, 1988Jan 9, 1990The Forsyth Dental Infirmary For ChildrenIntra-pocket drug delivery devices for treatment of periodontal diseasesUS4911934 *Dec 19, 1986Mar 27, 1990Warner-Lambert CompanyChewing gum composition with encapsulated sweetener having extended flavor releaseUS4915958 *Dec 30, 1988Apr 10, 1990Warner-Lambert CompanyHigh-base gum composition with extended flavor releaseUS4929447 *Jun 29, 1987May 29, 1990Warner-Lambert CompanyEncapsulation composition for use with chewing gum and edible productsUS4931293 *Nov 14, 1988Jun 5, 1990Warner-Lambert CompanyFood acid delivery systems containing polyvinyl acetateUS4933190 *Mar 28, 1989Jun 12, 1990Warner-Lambert Co.Multiple encapsulated sweetener delivery systemUS4959226 *Feb 6, 1989Sep 25, 1990Wm. Wrigley Jr. CompanyMethod of optimizing texture and processability of chewing gums and compositions made therefromUS4978537 *Apr 19, 1989Dec 18, 1990Wm. Wrigley Jr. CompanyGradual release structures for chewing gumUS4992280 *Dec 18, 1989Feb 12, 1991Columbia Laboratories, Inc.Sustained flavorant release composition, method for making same and chewable structure incorporating sameUS5000965 *Feb 21, 1990Mar 19, 1991Warner-Lambert CompanyMethod for the preparation of sweetening agent delivery systems containing polyvinyl acetateCA2005362A1 *Dec 13, 1989Jun 14, 1990Michael GlassMethod for prolonging the duration of flavor and sweetness sensation in a chewing gum compositionEP0040048A1 *May 7, 1981Nov 18, 1981Merck & Co., Inc.Calcium alginate fibersEP0252374A1 *Jun 25, 1987Jan 13, 1988Nabisco Brands, Inc.Encapsulated actice ingredients, process for preparing them and their use in ingested productsEP0263224A2 *Dec 16, 1986Apr 13, 1988Warner-Lambert CompanyChewing gum mineral supplementEP0273009A2 *Dec 18, 1987Jun 29, 1988Warner-Lambert CompanySweetener delivery systems containing polyvinyl acetateEP0288909A1 *Apr 21, 1988Nov 2, 1988Nabisco Brands, Inc.Elastomer encased active ingredientsEP0370296A2 *Nov 7, 1989May 30, 1990THE PROCTER & GAMBLE COMPANYChewing gumGB1327761A * Title not availableWO1985003414A1 *Jan 25, 1985Aug 15, 1985Scm CorpEncapsulation matrix composition and encapsulate containing sameWO1988008298A1 *Apr 14, 1988Nov 3, 1988Richard C FuiszRapidly dissoluble medicinal dosage unit and method of manufactureWO1989002703A1 *Sep 23, 1988Apr 6, 1989Wrigley W M Jun CoChewing gum containing sweet protein and saltWO1990007864A2 *Apr 25, 1990Jul 26, 1990Wrigley W M Jun CoMethod of controlling release of clycyrrhizin in chewing gum and gum produced therebyWO1991007103A1 *Nov 21, 1990May 30, 1991Wrigley W M Jun CoPolyvinyl acetate encapsulation of crystalline sucralose for use in chewing gum* Cited by examinerNon-Patent CitationsReference1 *F. Billmeyer, Jr., Textbook of Polymer Science, 518 22 (Wiley Internatinal Edition, 2nd).2F. Billmeyer, Jr., Textbook of Polymer Science, 518-22 (Wiley Internatinal Edition, 2nd).3 *R. Dunn, D. Lewis, L. Beck, Fibrous Polymers for the Delivery of Contraceptive Steroids to the Female Reproductive Tract, Controlled Release of Pesticides and Pharmaceuticals, 125 46 (D. Lewis Ed. 1981).4R. Dunn, D. Lewis, L. Beck, Fibrous Polymers for the Delivery of Contraceptive Steroids to the Female Reproductive Tract, Controlled Release of Pesticides and Pharmaceuticals, 125-46 (D. Lewis Ed. 1981).* Cited by examinerReferenced byCiting PatentFiling datePublication dateApplicantTitleUS5288508 *Mar 20, 1992Feb 22, 1994Fuisz Technologies, Ltd.Delivery systems containing elastomer solvents subjected to flash flowUS5370881 *Oct 30, 1992Dec 6, 1994Fuisz Technologies Ltd.Water-soluble delivery systems for hydrophobic liquidsUS5433960 *Apr 20, 1993Jul 18, 1995Wm. Wrigley Jr. CompanyChewing gum including agent containing edible filmUS5436013 *Mar 2, 1993Jul 25, 1995Wm. Wrigley Jr. CompanyProcess for manufacturing wax-free chewing gums with fast set-up timesUS5437875 *Mar 2, 1993Aug 1, 1995Wm. Wrigley, Jr. CompanyWax-free low moisture chewing gumUS5437876 *Mar 2, 1993Aug 1, 1995Wm. Wrigley Jr. CompanyWax-free chewing gums with controlled sweetener releaseUS5437877 *Mar 2, 1993Aug 1, 1995Wm. Wrigley Jr. CompanyWax-free chewing gum with initial soft biteUS5441750 *Mar 2, 1993Aug 15, 1995Wm. Wrigley Jr. CompanyWax-free chewing gum with improved processing propertiesUS5462754 *Sep 14, 1994Oct 31, 1995Wm. Wrigley Jr. CompanyAbhesive chewing gum with improved sweetness profileUS5789002 *Oct 3, 1996Aug 4, 1998Warner-Lambert CompanyGum sweetener/acid processing systemUS6013287 *Dec 17, 1998Jan 11, 2000Wm. Wrigley Jr. CompanyGum base and chewing gum containing edible polyestersUS6017566 *Oct 20, 1997Jan 25, 2000Wm. Wrigley Jr. CompanyGum base and chewing gum containing edible polyesters and method for manufactureUS6428827Mar 31, 2000Aug 6, 2002Wm. Wrigley Jr. CompanyLong flavor duration releasing structures for chewing gum and method of makingUS6770308Dec 11, 2001Aug 3, 2004Wm. Wrigley Jr. CompanyChewing gum including encapsulated acid mixturesUS7087255Dec 14, 2001Aug 8, 2006Wm. Wrigley Jr. CompanyChewing gums that provide breath freshening characteristicsUS7244454Dec 3, 1997Jul 17, 2007Wm. Wrigley Jr. CompanyChewing gum product including encapsulated aspartame and sodium bicarbonate and process of preparingUS20020122843 *Dec 14, 2001Sep 5, 2002Mcgrew Gordon N.Chewing gums and related products that provide breath freshening characteristicsUS20040142066 *Mar 25, 2002Jul 22, 2004Lone AndersenBiodegradable chewing gum and method of manufacturing such chewing gumUS20060204613 *Feb 15, 2006Sep 14, 2006Castro Armando JChewing gum containing flavor delivery systemsUS20060286200 *Apr 11, 2006Dec 21, 2006Castro Armando JConfections containing flavor delivery systemsEP1241949A1 *Dec 28, 2000Sep 25, 2002Wm. Wrigley Jr. CompanyRelease of lipophilic active agents from chewing gumEP2520312A1 *Feb 20, 2007Nov 7, 2012Kraft Foods Global Brands LLCA process for manufacturing a delivery system for active components as part of an edible compositionWO1994014330A1 *Sep 1, 1992Jul 7, 1994Joo H SongFlavor releasing structures modified with plasticizer for chewing gumWO1998017123A1 *Oct 22, 1996Apr 30, 1998Bunczek Michael TGum base and chewing gum containing edible polyesters* Cited by examinerClassifications U.S. Classification426/5, 426/517, 426/96, 426/804, 426/516, 426/548International ClassificationA23G4/02, A23L1/22, A23G4/10, A23G4/20, A23G4/00Cooperative ClassificationY10S426/804, A23V2002/00, A23L1/22025, A23G4/20, A23G4/10, A23G4/02European ClassificationA23G4/20, A23L1/22B4, A23G4/10, A23G4/02Legal EventsDateCodeEventDescriptionOct 18, 1991ASAssignmentOwner name: WM. WRIGLEY JR. COMPANY A CORP. OF DELAWARE, ILFree format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNORS:SONG, JOO H.;COOPER, CHARLES M.;REEL/FRAME:005893/0331Effective date: 19911016Oct 11, 1994CCCertificate of correctionMay 14, 1996FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 4May 23, 2000FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 8May 24, 2004FPAYFee paymentYear of fee payment: 12Oct 7, 2008ASAssignmentOwner name: GOLDMAN SACHS CREDIT PARTNERS L.P., AS COLLATERALFree format text: SECURITY AGREEMENT;ASSIGNOR:WM WRIGLEY JR. COMPANY;REEL/FRAME:021640/0451Effective date: 20081006Oct 5, 2010ASAssignmentFree format text: SECURITY AGREEMENT;ASSIGNOR:WM. WRIGLEY JR. COMPANY;REEL/FRAME:025095/0013Owner name: COOPERATIEVE CENTRALE RAIFFEISEN-BOERENLEENBANK B.Effective date: 20100930Apr 2, 2012ASAssignmentEffective date: 20120312Free format text: SECURITY AGREEMENT;ASSIGNOR:GOLDMAN SACHS CREDIT PARTNERS L.P.;REEL/FRAME:027971/0868Owner name: WM. WRIGLEY JR. COMPANY, ILLINOISFeb 6, 2014ASAssignmentEffective date: 20140123Owner name: WM. WRIGLEY JR. COMPANY, ILLINOISFree format text: RELEASE BY SECURED PARTY;ASSIGNOR:COOPERATIEVE CENTRALE RAIFFEISEN-BOERENLEENBANK B.A., "RABOBANK NEDERLAND", NEW YORK BRANCH, AS COLLATERAL AGENT;REEL/FRAME:032167/0538RotateOriginal ImageGoogle Home - Sitemap - USPTO Bulk Downloads - Privacy Policy - Terms of Service - About Google Patents - Send FeedbackData provided by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services | [
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Peter Von Brown: Losing Myself in Another Read...
LOST. No, not the television show.
Lost by Gregory Maguire of Wicked fame. He works with pre-existing stories here, too. This novel supposedly ties together Charles Dickens’s A Christmas Carol, Lewis Carroll’s “Alice Adventures” and also, yes, Sir J.M. Barrie’s Peter Pan.
So far it’s clever in how they show up. As of right now, they are merely referenced by the character, a writer. Such as Pan having been brought to mind by something and then later, when she’s alone in a storm and freaked out, the window shade goes up and she wonders if Peter is trying to get in…as an amusing thought, not wondering in earnest. It also certainly seems like she is a descendant of the real Scrooge on whom Dickens based his story. It has the potential to be rather fun. Especially now, as it's ghost story in some capacity.
I have noticed, though, that he misspells the name of Barrie’s famous fairy. Frankly, this appalls me. Either Maguire or an editor should have checked on that, don’t you think? I believe Maguire should have, as he is the one referencing the character.
I’m not very far into it. I’ll give a report when I’m done. It will probably be a while. It’s a pretty good-sized book and as I’ve said, I primarily read in transit.
Written by Peter Von Brown at 1:04 PM
Subjects: A Christmas Carol, Alice in Wonderland, Barrie, book, Dickens, Gregory Maguire, Lewis Carroll, Lost, Peter Pan, Scrooge
Maybe the author changed the spelling on purpose. Maguire has been known to take liberties with his source material, no?
Actually, yes. Although Wicked is amazing, I must confess that his 'pay attention to this fact but not this one' really wore on me. He ingeniously solved some of the "problems" inherent in combining MGM and Baum, such as the silver/ruby slippers...silver but opalescent, almost ruby in the right light [and the musical "fixed" this even more perfectly, I might add] but with other factors he just let it be inconsistent. Personally, I would have taken the time to bridge all the incongruities with some kind of logic. Oh well. But as for Tink, you could be right. But I'm guessing it chalks up tot he fact that MOST people don't write her name correctly.
... and that's why we love you, Pete.
Honestly, she always seemed more of a Belle (think fussy southern plantation gal) than a Bell to me. (I'm assuming that's the misspelling?)
And I can't get on anyone too much for picking and choosing like that... ol' Shakespeare did that with HISTORY! As Homer Simpson said, "Facts are meaningless. You could use facts to prove anything that's even remotely true."
Actually, that's not how he misspelled it.
Do you mean he wrote "Tinkerbell" instead of "Tinker Bell"?
Even as an editor, I would have to say that's awfully picky of you!
I'm the anonymous above.
Tried to leave my name but somehow messed it up.
It's not picky. It's accurate. If you are using/referring to another author's work, by all means, get it right. It's disrespectful to just assume you know how to spell a character's name and then publish it? Perhaps you wouldn't mind being spelled Catheryn? ;) | [
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Rick DiClemente’s Astrology Newsletter (With Cheryl Crise) – The Puncture Of The Collective | Lucas 2012 Infos
Tag Archives: Rick DiClemente’s Astrology Newsletter (With Cheryl Crise) – The Puncture Of The Collective
Starself.com – Rick DiClemente’s Astrology Newsletter (With Cheryl Crise) – The Puncture Of The Collective – 15 March 2014
Posted on March 15, 2014 by lucas2012infos | Comments Off on Starself.com – Rick DiClemente’s Astrology Newsletter (With Cheryl Crise) – The Puncture Of The Collective – 15 March 2014
( Lucas: After my viewpoint in the now with Rick DiClemente on Double Dutch Radio where we also discussed the 13th sign that out of nothing seemed to be existing… here is a newsletter article by Rick from February 2011 you also can find on his blog starself.com that will explain a lot. If you wanted to know more!)
It was the middle of the afternoon on January 4, 2011 in Brussels, Belgium and few if any knew what was happening. Even though the Solar Eclipse in Capricorn had just occurred about 6 hours earlier, it would take more than a star-gazer to realize the ramifications of what just had exploded above them. Continue reading →
Comments Off on Starself.com – Rick DiClemente’s Astrology Newsletter (With Cheryl Crise) – The Puncture Of The Collective – 15 March 2014
Tagged 15 March, 2014, Disclosure, Earth, news, Rick DiClemente’s Astrology Newsletter (With Cheryl Crise) - The Puncture Of The Collective, spiritual, Spiritual evolution, Starself.com, World | [
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A couple of brief reviews - read_warbler
I was going to make this a three book post until I realised that this coming week is half-term and I'll be busy being a grandma. Likely as not, another book will not be read before then and as I wanted to post something this will be a two book post rather than a three. Works for me. :-) The two books under the cut are The Last Continent by Terry Pratchett and Detective Stories from the Strand Magazine edited by Jack Adrian.
I read this book for Bev's Vintage Mystery challenge and it covers the category, 'A Short Story Collection'. It's also my book seventeen for Bev's Mount TBR challenge.
Posted on May. 25th, 2014 at 11:02 am | Link | Leave a comment | 4 comments | Share
Thanks for these recs, it's always good to know about book even if I don't always get round to reading them!
My current reading? I always try to read some Pros and some non-Pros fiction every day, depending on the time of day, and I’m currently reading Rhianne’s pre-slash story Holding On (well I’m seeing it as pre-slash!). It’s long and plotty which I love and I think she writes very well. My fiction is Michael Connolly’s Nine Dragons. I did begin the Allingham book The Man in the Queue but couldn’t get on with the very precise, English style and found it a bit too much of a contrast to what I've been used to recently! But hopefully I'll return to it at some later stage.
Posted on May. 25th, 2014 06:20 pm (UTC) | Link | Thread | Reply
It's impossible to get around to reading every book you see on various book blogs, but always fun to read and see what people are reading. :-)
The fanfic I don't know, must be more recent I'm thinking. Michael Connolly my husband reads and enjoys but I haven't got around to him yet. That first Josephine Tey book does take a while to get into - first book syndrome I think *g*. Once he gets to Scotland it becomes a lot more interesting.
Thanks for your lovely comment, you always have something interesting to say.
Posted on May. 25th, 2014 10:16 pm (UTC) | Link | Parent | Thread | Reply
Thank *you*! If the Tey book ends up in Scotland it's sounding a little John Buchanish (I loved The 39 Steps) so I may well return to it. I seem to read authors and type of books in clusters and I'm sure I'll return to Pre WW2 crime/mystery books as I loved early Christie, Buchan etc.
Posted on May. 27th, 2014 07:19 pm (UTC) | Link | Parent | Thread | Reply
You're so right... when the Tey book moved to Scotland it reminded me strongly of the Buchan book I read recently, Huntingtower. In parts anyway. At the moment I seem to be stuck in the 1920s and 30s. LOL!
Posted on May. 31st, 2014 10:07 am (UTC) | Link | Parent | Thread | Reply | [
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Applications now open for summer internships at the Desai Family Accelerator | Entrepreneurs Notebook: Zell Lurie Institute, University of Michigan
Applications now open for summer internships at the Desai Family Accelerator
March 17, 2015 — zelllurie The Desai Family Accelerator, an intensive program offered through the Zell Lurie Institute and the Center for Entrepreneurship that helps early stage ventures scale and succeed through funding, mentorship and other resources, is now accepting applications for summer interns. The companies currently in Desai’s portfolio are working to launch their products, demonstrate product/market fit and raise investment, and summer interns will help them develop their companies and achieve their goals.
Desai is hiring development, design and business development interns who will help portfolio companies with business development, financial modeling, product QA/testing, customer development/support, user acquisition, user experience, design, marketing and market research. Students who thrive in a fast-paced environment and are current students or recent graduates are welcome to apply. Interns will work full-time at the Ann Arbor office and should have a strong interest in 1) technology and startups, 2) great execution, organizational and communication skills 3) desire to learn and improve and 4) the ability to work individually and as part of a team.
This is the first year the Desai Accelerator has hosted internships. You can download the application here. Please submit your completed form with any other relevant materials to Lauren Roth at [email protected] by Sunday, March 29 at 11:59 p.m. You can also contact Lauren with any questions you might have.
Posted in Entrepreneurial Skills. Tags: Desai Family Accelerator, Internship. Leave a Comment »
« Join us for #ZellChat #4 tomorrow morning!
Knight-Wallace fellow named finalist for TEDxUofM competition » | [
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Best 30 Statan Swimming Pool in Ironton, OH with Reviews - YP.com
1.Sta-Tan Pool
(740) 532-1306
2.Cochran & Company Pool Store
Swimming Pool Equipment & SuppliesSwimming Pool DealersSwimming Pool Equipment & Supplies-Wholesale & ManufacturersSpas & Hot Tubs
3.Cochran & Co.
4.Tranquilan Inc
Tranquilan is a great pool. I am a teenager so I basically live there. The concessions are cheap and good. There is a low dive and a high five around 10-12 feet up in a deep end 12 feet deep. There ar
5.City of Flatwoods
Private Swimming PoolsCity, Village & Township GovernmentPublic Swimming Pools
for the field but this place is a joke! Dirty, rude "regulars" who are overlooked because they buy a season pass and AWFUL manager named "Sweetie"... A complete misnomer, like when
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6.Paradise Pools & Spas Inc.
Since 1981, Paradise Pools & Spas Inc. has been providing aboveground pools, inground liners, weekly and seasonal maintenance on all pools, as well as repairs in Flatwoods Kentucky. With more than thr
7.C W Parsons & Co Pools
(606) 836-3965
Statan Swimming Pool | [
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The Life and Times at One Carbon Hill: Musical Musings
Music, and more specifically the music our children listen to, has been a frequent topic of discussion among my mom friends this summer. We are long past the stage of nursery rhymes in our house and although our girls will still rock a mean jam session to Strawberry Shortcake and various Disney Channel soundtracks we are definitely moving into the realm of them playing DJ from the backseat with demands for more mainstream selections.
Currently, the girls are loving anything by Ke$ha, Katy Perry, Lady Gaga, or The Black Eyed Peas. And why not? They seem likely perfectly suitable role models, don't you think?
I'm partly to blame. Seven years of listening to saccharine sweet wholesome kid songs will drive a person crazy especially in the confined space of the car on an hour long drive. Thus, I'm quick to turn up the volume and belt out some lyrics to some of my favorites songs, both old and new. I can't help it that the above artists also appeal to me (in direct contrast to my husband's hard rock and alternative musical palette, I assure you). I'm also guilty of being notoriously bad at paying attention to lyrics outside of the chorus. I like a song not so much for the message but for the beat or just the sound of the music itself. There have been more than one occasion where I don't even realize there are words that are not appropriate for five and seven year old ears until either The General points it out or I hear one of the girls use them as they're singing along. Yesterday's example: Shortcake singing "looking sick and sexified". Oops - Ke$ha's potty mouth strikes again.
I've tried to supplement the more inappropriate songs and artists with "kid friendly" options. Justin Bieber is on that play list for reasons obvious to those of you who know Punkin, and I'll even admit that his song Somebody to Love has won me over. If he's going to be supporting my youngest daughter and their children some day (you know, after they're joined in holy matrimony as Punkin is certain is going to happen as soon as he loses that Selena Gomez chick) I should probably start trying to be supportive of his career, right? In addition to the before mentioned Disney related songs from movies and television, Bob Marley's Three Little Birds gets frequent play time in my car. My new favorite suggestion came from a friend who talked about adding a Kidz Bop station via Pandora on her iPhone. In my most recent effort, I attempted to infuse a little more country into their lives during our drive to El Paso yesterday. Within the first five seconds on two separate songs Punkin made her displeasure known with shouts of "Disgusting!" and "BOOOO!". I suppose I should take her lead on those opinions considering a song that encourages girls to shake it for the young bucks sitting' in the honky tonks isn't exactly the best message to pass along to my impressionable daughters either.
When I get overly concerned with what I'm doing to my daughters based what is becoming the soundtrack of their youth, I just remind myself that I grew up idolizing one of my own generation's most questionable pop stars and turned out okay in the end. Initially introduced to Madonna after an afternoon of musical discovery at my friend Lori's house, my parents bought me the Like A Virgin cassette the following Christmas - a very memorable and well received gift, I assure you. This was a huge departure from the Elvis and John Denver eight tracks that provided the background music in our house up until that moment, and at seven years old I'm surprised my mom went along with my gift request. I vividly remember her asking me if I knew what "virgin" meant. I guess maybe I'll just take her lead and let my girls discover what makes their ears happy.
So far *knock on wood* we have not had any embarrassing moments where offensive words have been repeated or asked for clarification (with the exception of Shortcake asking "What does 'go to hell' mean?" I totally dropped the push-next-ball on that one). I know that time is coming, but for now I'm just going to play the "we'll cross that bridge when we come to it" game. In the meantime I'm taking suggestions from you for kid friendly songs that won't make me want to stick a fork in my ears.
And just so you know, after being told by Punkin that I sound exactly like Olivia Newton John while I'm singing along to "You're the One That I Want", I'm already all over downloading the rest of the Grease soundtrack so you can save yourself time by eliminating that suggestion.
Posted by The Mrs. at 8:44 AM
Coco has been rockin to Ke$ha since she was 9 months old. And there is hardly anything wrong with her.
that's funny because she eats deodorant...
how do you feel about Jason Mraz or Jack Johnson? Although I don't actually know if they're appropriate because I don't actually pay attention either
I agree with Punkin and her review of country music.
At least they do not listen to (c)rap.
Munchkin - she does not eat deodorant at all meals. Just once or twice. She also eats real food.
Oh, I forgot to mention that they love them some rap. That, again, might be a little bit my fault. LUDA!
Good suggestions, Munchkin, and they are already on the list. Looking for something new...
Casey Kassum said...
When we were their age we listened to Neil Diamond, Kenny Rogers, and Disco Mickey Mouse. Once in a while we would also play the Turtles, but they only had one good song. (Happy together)
I have convinced my kids that 80s on 8 and "Hair Nation" is all they need.
On a side note to all readers Who thinks Punkin will have a tatoo before she is 16?
I hope not...Gramma Poke
Creeps me out to even think that little girl may someday have a belly button piercing!
I introduced you to Madonna?!? Really? Wow, I was hip and didn't even know it. A rebel really.... I thought introducing the concept of "breaking the seal" was all I could claim credit for. | [
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The Encore Bride: January 2012
Photo: mine taken at Wananavu Resort in Fiji
As you guys know I planned my wedding from Iraq in about 4 months, it was stressful but I booked wonderful vendors that were responsive and helpful given my situation. By the time we were ready to plan the honeymoon it was not as easy. I emailed various travel agents/agencies, I asked for Fiji, some people didn't answer, some recommended Antigua (what part of NOT the Caribbean, didn't they understand?) and simply told me I couldn't afford Fiji. I ended up planning my trip to Fiji and we had an amazing time. After we returned I was still fuming at the bad customer service I received with the honeymoon and figured I could do better. After much research, training (I ended up taking a course and hiring a business coach) I felt like it was time to go ahead, just in time for our 1st Anniversary!
I've been planning travel (and traveling) for the last 17 years, it's about time I put my experience to work!!!
My blogging activity had slowed down much after the wedding and it wasn't because I was too busy with housework! After the wedding I decided that I wanted to pursue my entrepreneurial dreams and it had to be something related to the wedding industry. After much think and evaluating the things I am passionate about I decided that I would merge my love for weddings with my passion for travel. I've been working relentlessly for the past year and here I am just a week before my 1st wedding anniversary ready to share my project with the world! So now (drumroll please) Ladies and gentlemen (that's you hubby!), please give a round of applause (no really, stand up, take a deep breath and explode in cheers! To my new baby: Go ahead' click on it! Please stop my my Facebook page, follow me on Twitter and Pinterest, I have a YouTube channel and you can even reach me on Skype (search: brenda (at) encoredwh.com), whew! I think I have most of the bases covered, don't you?
It will mean the world if you tell me what you think (hint, hint) since I've put so much effort into this (and have worked my hubby's arse too, poor thing) and please follow!!!
Tomorrow I will share how and why I came up with Encore DWH, stay tuned! No comments: | [
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Vivi K: Take a Step Back
It is past 11pm on a rainy Thursday evening. The house is quiet and everyone except this typing night owl are fast sleep. After the activities of tomorrow are complete, I will have 6 weeks of the Winter 2016 semester behind me. Okay, one of those weeks was reading break, but that week held an enormous amount of schoolwork, so I'd say it counts... :)
I can honestly say that I've learned a lot this semester, and I'm not only talking about organic chemistry and social psychology.. These past few weeks have held much more. What have I learned, you ask? Well, let's take a step back...
1. Even when you feel slapped in the face with a grade, still be kind to your professors. Take as much as you can out of it. Even if you poured your life into a paper and didn't get a grade that reflects that, try your hardest to make the most of the situation. In the words of one very wise woman (mom.. :) shoot for excellence, not perfection.
2. Coffee is amazing.
3. So is lemon loaf.
4. Even if you have to muster up a bucketful of courage, talk to new people around you. So many people just need someone to listen to them and show an interest.
5. When your day has been long and your feet are sore and all you feel like doing is resting, then rest. Watch an episode of Fixer Upper and your day will become infinitely better. I'm not much of a TV watcher, so this is a big deal folks. Make yourself a coffee or an earl grey tea and thank God for the ability to take a break.
6. When all you can think about is a problem of your own, go and do something for another person.
7. Just because it's a no now does not make it a no forever.
Posted by Vivi K at 11:41 pm
Shelby Bryce 20 February 2016 at 12:07
Shin Chung 27 February 2016 at 11:20
Thanks! I really like #7 | [
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O, your FREE Archetype Personality Reading - for Personal Development [Welland] Tickets, Sun, 2 Dec 2018 at 7:00 PM | Eventbrite | [
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donor cultivation – The HUB
October 16, 2017 October 13, 2017 Hub Philanthropic SolutionsLeave a comment
July 31, 2017 July 30, 2017 Hub Philanthropic SolutionsLeave a comment
April 24, 2017 April 23, 2017 Hub Philanthropic SolutionsLeave a comment
December 27, 2016 December 23, 2016 Hub Philanthropic SolutionsLeave a comment
Recently, I had to purchase a new phone. The battery was shot, I had limited storage capacity and the service was spotty most of the time. While I was upgrading to a new version and getting a more “robust” phone, I realized every bell and whistle that was being sold to me had nothing to do with what the phone was intended to do, make a phone call. I’m not a neo-luddite by any means, I just had a sudden a-ha moment that we don’t use the phone or the action of what the phone is intended to do anymore.
Last week, I was reminded how important and honestly how easy it is to pick up the phone and communicate the old fashion way. I was with a colleague who had shifted careers from fundraising to sales – (not much of a difference as we all know) and he was explaining his new role in generating new business, creating leads, cultivating customers, presenting the product and then the ever important follow up. All along the “cultivation” journey he highlighted that his “go-to” was the utilization of his phone to communicate. Not to text, not to email but to actually call someone is what he used as his personal outreach and human touch advantage.
As we head into 2017 and make our list of New Year’s resolutions, I know one of mine will be to take the time to put a human touch on the interaction I have…whether it be with donors, colleagues, friends or family. That human touch will be to make the phone call when it’s more appropriate than the email. The human touch makes such an impression and just like sending a hand written letter, card or personal note it’s what we need to remember to do more often than not.
During the holiday season, we tend to take time to reflect on the joys of life, a time to be grateful for what we have, a time to be mindful of what more we can do and what motivates us to keep us going. It’s important to always remember that putting a human touch on our communication is the thoughtful way to say hello, express your thanks and enjoy the human touch way. It’s way more real.
Communication, donor cultivation, HUB Philanthropic Solutions, stewardship
November 21, 2016 November 22, 2016 Hub Philanthropic SolutionsLeave a comment
I recently took my 81 year old mother to the doctor, and, as I sat in the exam room with my her and our family doctor (yes, my mother, my sister and my children all go to the same physician) I was moved by the strong connection that my mother has with our doctor. Our doctor is not only seasoned in her profession, but she is genuinely warm and kind, and one of the best listeners that I’ve ever met.
As a member of the sandwich generation – like many of us, I am managing my own household of children but I’m also finding that my aging parents need more of my time and attention. Not only is this a change for me, but, also for my mom. She has always been and is still is a fiercely independent woman…having emigrated from Germany to the US in her late 20’s with a one-way boat ticket back to Germany and a few hundred dollars in her pocket just in case this didn’t work out.
Navigating these new waters can be challenging…and we are all learning as we go. It is a delicate balance…how much do I step in? Am a good listener? In what ways can I help my mother feel that she is in charge and can make her own decisions?
I thought about this visit recently and how it ties to the work that we do as development professionals. Do we listen to our donors? Do we make our donors feel empowered and engaged in the work that they are supporting? Do they feel invested?
I recently visited with a donor of one of my clients and I asked her how she became involved with this particular agency. She shared some of her personal stories and I learned a lot about why she has continued her support. I learned some things that I hadn’t known before that would be key for the next time she is approached for a gift. The most important thing I did during that one hour meeting was to listen. I kept my mouth shut. When I opened it, I told her some new things that have happened because of her generosity. I shared some personal stories of clients and how they benefited from the agency.
Sometimes we get so busy with “reporting the news” to our donors that we forget to simply sit back and really listen to the things they want to share with us. Our family doctor reminded me through her actions that listening is critical to building and maintaining relationships in our personal lives as well as in our lives as development professionals. So, the next time you schedule a visit or a phone call with a donor, make a concerted effort to… sit back and listen.
donor cultivation, ENGAGEMENT, HUB Philanthropic Solutions
August 21, 2016 August 19, 2016 Hub Philanthropic SolutionsLeave a comment
May 22, 2016 Hub Philanthropic SolutionsLeave a comment
donor cultivation, Fundraising, HUB Philanthropic Solutions, intergenerational givingDonor engagement, giving, hub philanthropic solutions | [
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Great for learningWith this bin you can teach colors, talk about how the water beads or toy apples feel, let little ones work on their hand eye coordination by using different tools to pick everything up and even teach some new vocabulary.We talked about harvesting as my kids played and collect all the apples in a cup. | [
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Poster Corner: Shark Night 3D
Anonymous21/10/11 10:14 AMNice posterReplyDeleteShark Night 3D Movie21/10/11 4:11 PMI also do have a fear of shark but watching this movie was really fun. This movie made me cry and made me laugh too at many points. I do like the underwater scenes most as they are stunning. To conclude this movie is just worth once a watch.ReplyDeleteAdd commentLoad more...
Two-fer Tuesdays: Heated Rivalry | [
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Renee Kirkman
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Relationship Guide: How To Approach Women And Make Her Like You
When an important relationship fails it was probably because something went badly. If your girlfriend has dumped you, then it was likely for one of these two reasons. Either the relationship was becoming stale with lack of excitement or it seemed too dominating with an excessive amount of you in it. No matter whatever the reason may be these are certainly some evident causes of relationships falling apart. Hence, before it’s too late and thing start to become worse its good to look into these aspects and think about the ways to get her back.
However, if you’re looking to get any girl to like you or if you’re trying to get your girlfriend back then there are certain tips that you should remember.
One of the most vital things that women see in men is confidence. It is important to create a positive impression by learning how to approach women. Most men lack confidence and hence fumble or hesitate to approach a woman. You may also be a bit nervous in such a situation. Learn to be confident and behave normally. Even when interacting with the girl you want back you should be able to interact in such a manner so that it reflects your thoughts without pretending to hide things.
The idea of knowing how to meet women is to make your interaction more memorable and less perfect. It’s way too easy to be perfect and then feel nervous under pressure. Simply relax and be yourself. Ensure to leave an impression and never over indulge as that can be sometimes quite annoying. Make sure that if you want to get her back you must spend some time together and make her feel comfortable. Remember, your right approach can always mend any relationship.
Getting to understand and know the person can be quite useful to get any girl. Women look for men who car for her and make her feel comfortable. In fact, if you want to get her back you must understand and realize what went wrong and try and sort it out. Always take the initiative as some times it may become too late before you react. Try solving out issues before they get bigger. Resolving things will not only bring her closer to you but will also prevent its occurrence ever again.
Learn to understand the signs so that you can get her back and prevent a relationship disaster. For those looking to get a girlfriend it’s important to know that you can certainly get any girl if you know how to approach women and make her feel special. Make sure that she finds you as a possible person with whom she would like to date with.
Posted by theodorebible at 11:49 No comments:
Labels: get a girlfriend, Get Any Girl, Get her back, how to approach women, how to meet women
Relationship Guide: How To Approach Women And Make...
theodorebible | [
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The Catholic Church in the Twentieth Century: Renewing and Reimaging the City of God (Theology): John Deedy: 9780814659472: Amazon.com: Books
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The Catholic Church in the Twentieth Century: Renewing and Reimaging the City of God (Theology) Paperback – September, 2000
by John Deedy (Editor)
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The Catholic Church in the twentieth century could prove to be one of the greatest since Christ walked the earth. What took place? What went wrong? What was learned? Where do we stand now? The Catholic Church in the Twentieth Century looks back at the historic developments and special significance of the Church at the turn of the millennium.
The Catholic Church at the year 2000 is a quite different Church from that which entered the twentieth century in the final phase of the twenty-five year pontificate of Leo XIII. This century holds special significance in the annals of Catholic Christian history for many occurrences but most importantly for the convoking of Vatican Council II and the election of Pope John Paul II. Perhaps nothing brought the Catholic Church more squarely into the modern world than changes in its understanding of the relationship of Church and state, religious freedom, the question of salvation outside Catholicism, and gender issues.
What made change in the twentieth century so exceptional is that the average lay Catholics saw it firsthand, participating up front rather than from a distance as in the past. Some changes were small and often had to do with the sweeping away of old legalisms. But in a time of greater reverence for tradition and established forms, the impact was large. Only time will tell how large of an impact the occurrences of the twentieth century have made. It could prove to be one of the greatest for the Church since Christ walked the earth. The Catholic Church in the Twentieth Century recognizes these significant occurrences in the Church at this great century's end.
Articles and their contributors are "The Papacy: From Low Regard to High Esteem," by Gerald P. Fogarty, S.J., "Priestly Ministry: A Search for Identity and Purpose," by Howard J. Gray, S.J., "Sisters and Brothers: An Evolved and Evolving Religious Life," by Barbara Kraemer, O.S.F., "The American Catholic Family: Reality or Misnomer?" by Sally Cunneen, "Women and the Church: Routing out Old Stereotypes," by Catherine Lupori and Mary Jo Richardson, "Catholic Youth: The Presumed Become the Pursued," by David O'Brien, "Catholic Education: Helping Shape Intellectual, Cultural and Civic Life," by Jeanne Knoerle, S.P., "Biblical Scholarship: When Tradition Met Method," by Patricia M. McDonald, S.H.C.J., "Ecumenism: From Isolation to a Vision of Christian Unity," by Jeffrey Gros, F.S.C., "Social Justice: Catholic Teaching Goes Global," by John Cort, "Money and the Faith: Is Mammon an Ogre Still?" by John C. Haughey, S.J., "Church and State: Large Issues Resolved, Large Issues Pending," by James Finn, "Communications and the Arts," by Michael O. Garvey, "Spirituality: Five Twentieth-Century Witnesses of Discipleship," by Bishop Robert F. Morneau.
The Catholic Church in the Twentieth Century: Renewing and Reimaging the City of God (Theology)
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Publisher: Michael Glazier Books; First Prinitng edition (September 2000)
ISBN-10: 0814659470
ISBN-13: 978-0814659472
Amazon Best Sellers Rank: #5,478,232 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)
#2570 in Books > Christian Books & Bibles > Churches & Church Leadership > Ecclesiology
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Wilde's Bar (Galway) - All You Need to Know Before You Go (with Photos) - TripAdvisor
#51 of 82 Nightlife in Galway
+353 87 133 4955
Great atmosphere, great staff, good price on drink!! Great music and shows!! had a great time in... read more
Had such a great night - place was full of friendly people and staff, great nightly diverse shows... read more
4 Thank MCharles_21
No better place to go wilde and let you hair down in the good old westend
Had such a great night - place was full of friendly people and staff, great nightly diverse shows which always worked with interacting with the crowd. Met loads of great new friends, very good prices at bar. It really did bring colour to Galway's westend...More
6 Thank galwayphotography
Get quick answers from Wilde's Bar staff and past visitors. | [
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A comment on the recent trend against bullying. How about this? Instead of ceaselessly analyzing the bully and what makes him tick, and just how much psychological damage is inflicted upon the victim, lets add a few things to the mixture: First, get the bullies parents to be responsible. Second, talk to the victim and get him/her to stand up for themselves. Not necessarily violently, but it’s not like bullying will ever end so how about we encourage the victim to start developing his/her own self-esteem a little early and tell them “no, you are very much worthy of yourself, be strong!!” See this way we can start helping the victims too, making them stronger, instead of just trying to get the bullies to listen. Both reprimanding the bully AND helping the victim can build much needed character.
Tagged: bullyanalyzepsychological damagedamagepsychologicalvictimresponsibleparentsstand upviolentlyencourageself-esteemstronglistenreprimandingcharacterfight
CEO’s in heaven.
I can just imagine everyone on the planet dying and going to hell for not being more responsible with the Earth. The wealthy CEO’s though die and go to heaven, because God has an incurable need for blue jeans, beer, and a bank account.
Tagged: everyoneplanetdiehellresponsibleearthimaginewealthyCEOheavenincurableneedblue jeansbeerbank account | [
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MP GRAPHICS: December 2013
To every one out there I want to wish everyone a Merry Christmas. As I look outside on this Christmas eve it looks like a Bing Crosby night. The snow has been coming down most of the day and we'll have a traditional looking holiday. We will be relaxing as much as we can - which won't be much. My family and I have always celebrated the season with Advent, but I will start right into Epiphany tomorrow. That lasts 12 days. We're doing this since we'll be going to visit my parents for 3 kings day. It has been a year of ups and downs as all of us have had. We wouldn't be human if we didn't have both. But, it HAS been a good year. With this -great- economy it is a good thing that both my wife and I have had work. My wife has just finished a year of work at the Dollar store and I am 2 days away from 3 years for Frontier Communications. I work from home but I did spend 6 months working over at the call center. That entailed 4 hrs a day in travel time by bus - so very exhausting. But, I am now back at home(great with this weather). Have had good luck this year with published artwork for several different locations and just recently had my first article purchased that will come out(in spanish) next month. I am anticipating an up swing in paid for illustration work and looking forward to it. Posted by | [
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Change Today +0.0501 / 2.54%
AOI On Other Exchanges SymbolExchange AOI:USDM8:GR
As of 2:35 PM 09/19/14 All times are local (Market data is delayed by at least 15 minutes).
OverviewBoard MembersCommittees BOARD MEMBERS AFFILIATED WITH William Pappas *William Pappas Return to ERICSSON LM-B SHSMember of Technical Advisory Board1313AgeTotal Annual Compensation60-- Kevin A. DeNuccioViolin Memory, Inc.Board AffiliationsViolin Memory, Inc.Vivekanand MahadevanDxContinuum, Inc.Board AffiliationsViolin Memory, Inc. Richard N. NottenburgViolin Memory, Inc.Board AffiliationsViolin Memory, Inc.David Bradley WalrodBridgescale PartnersBoard AffiliationsViolin Memory, Inc. Georges J. AntounFirst Solar, Inc.Board AffiliationsViolin Memory, Inc.Kenneth E. VennerSpace Exploration Technologies Corp.Board AffiliationsViolin Memory, Inc. Piyush K. SinghAmerican Financial Group Inc.Board AffiliationsViolin Memory, Inc.Christopher F. CorradoMSCI Inc.Board AffiliationsViolin Memory, Inc. Gerrit SchuttéConAgra Foods, Inc.Board AffiliationsViolin Memory, Inc.Andreas Walter MattesDiebold, IncorporatedBoard AffiliationsViolin Memory, Inc. Lawrence J. LangViolin Memory, Inc.Board AffiliationsViolin Memory, Inc.Cheemin Bo-LinnPeritus Partners, Inc.Board AffiliationsViolin Memory, Inc. Jim ThomasViolin Memory, Inc.Board AffiliationsViolin Memory, Inc.
MOST CONNECTED PEOPLE TO William Pappas NameRelationshipsCheemin Bo-Linn 60 RelationshipsDavid Bradley Walrod 58 RelationshipsVivekanand Mahadevan 52 RelationshipsAndreas Walter Mattes 48 RelationshipsKevin A. DeNuccio 46 Relationships | [
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Life | Yonder Wild
The days of the year always come about the same way. The seasons come at the same time each year and the cycle of life continues to turn. This year as Fall rolls around, things are a little different for our household. For the first time in his life, our son is attending school for … Continue reading →
Posted on June 4, 2013 by Rachel • 2 Comments
8 Years ago today I married my best friend. We celebrated with family and friends in beautiful outdoor ceremony overlooking a lake and the gardens at a rustic inn in the Appalachian Mountains of North Carolina. It was a gorgeous day and the party was wonderful! 8 years later we remain best friends and firmly … Continue reading →
My Review and Results of My “Who Wants To Be A Millionaire” Appearance
Posted on May 24, 2013 by Rachel • 1 Comment
Well, the show has aired and the secrets can all be revealed – I won $25,000 on Who Wants To Be A Millionaire! It still seems shocking and unreal. I taped in late October (just a few days before Hurricane Sandy hit), and for 7 months I have been waiting to be able to answer … Continue reading →
Who Wants To Be A Millionaire? – This Girl Right Here! (How I Became a Contestant on a Game Show)
Posted on May 7, 2013 by Rachel • 4 Comments
Well, it’s official, I’m going to be on a game show. That is not something I ever really thought I would say. While secretly on my bucket list, this was my first time ever trying out for a show…and I guess you can say my audition went pretty well! This Thursday I will make my network television … Continue reading →
Posted on November 30, 2012 by Rachel • 2 Comments
My son has a flare for the dramatic. Some days he is peachy keen and other days he thinks everything is just “the worst.” So my husband and I came up for a way to categorize each of the different moods by using Spongebob characters. It is pretty amazing how this group of characters equal … Continue reading →
On the plus side, socks and Birkenstocks are totally acceptable fashion in my house now. #coviddiaries 4 months ago
#coviddiaries 4 months ago | [
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Mill Valley, CA Landscape Architects & Landscape Designers
691 Mill Valley, CA Landscape Architects and Designers
6 Reviews (707) 789-0150 Petaluma, CA, 94952, United States25 miles from Mill Valley
Landscape Architect and Landscape Contractor Read More Divine Nature Landscape Design
4 Reviews (650) 222-0418 los altos, CA, United States44 miles from Mill Valley
Creates a space that can repair in a way that calms the ambiance and at the same time restores the very ground that my clients inhabit. This new way of creating landscapes... Read More Gardenart Group
3 Reviews (415) 722-0615 S.F, Ca, CA, 94114, United States12 miles from Mill Valley
GardenArt Group is an award winning Landscape Architecture and garden design firm in the San Francisco bay area, founded in the late 1980's by garden designer and horticulturist... Read More Past the Gate
6 Reviews (925) 313-9025 Walnut Creek, CA, 94596, United States27 miles from Mill Valley
5 Reviews (650) 965-9150 Mountain View, CA, 94043, United States44 miles from Mill Valley
Samscaping, Inc. is a professional landscape design-build firm dedicated to creating quality landscapes for more than thirty years. We provide creative designs, beautiful... Read More Hey Nice Garden
5 Reviews (415) 377-7173 Oakland, CA, 94602, United States20 miles from Mill Valley
We specialize in residential landscape design throughout the Bay Area. We love transforming spaces from eyesores into lovely, usable, memorable landscapes. We will work with... Read More Skyline design studio
3 Reviews (650) 520-4017 Palo Alto, CA, United States39 miles from Mill Valley
4 Reviews (650) 996-8951 Mountain View, CA, 94043, United States44 miles from Mill Valley
Designer (interior & landscaping) at Harrell Remodeling; author of Living with Japanese Gardens; Japan Home Read More Miller Landscape Architecture
6 Reviews (510) 846-5504 Oakland, CA, 94606, United States19 miles from Mill Valley
Miller Landscape Architecture is a Bay Area design firm specializing in residential design and project management. Susan Miller is a licensed landscape architect with over 25... Read More Pacific Circle, Inc.
5 Reviews (415) 785-8044 San Rafael, CA, 94901, United States5 miles from Mill Valley
Decks, entry ways, metal and gate fabrication, exterior renovations from design to construction. Read More merge studio
3 Reviews (707) 829-3369 Sebastopol, CA, 95472, United States38 miles from Mill Valley
merge studio is a modern landscape architecture firm combining professional, yet personal and an unprejudiced approach to land planning. Our projects reveal the identity and the... Read More Outdoor Republic
7 Reviews (925) 766-6965 Pleasanton, CA, 94588, United States39 miles from Mill Valley
Extraordinary Landscape Designs for discerning clients looking to recreate an authentic resort experience with their own property. Outdoor Republic's approach to design is to... Read More Greenwood Design Associates, LLC
4 Reviews (650) 996-4612 La Honda, CA, 94020, United States47 miles from Mill Valley
Greenwood Design Associates, LLC combines sophisticated style with livability, to create environments families love to live in. With a fresh, modern perspective on classic forms... Read More Landsystems Landscapes
5 Reviews (650) 851-2793 Redwood City, CA, 94063, United States35 miles from Mill Valley
Landsystems Landscapes is a full service landscaping design/build company that has over 25 years of experience. Our team of experienced landscape architects and designers will... Read More Bio Friendly Gardens
2 Reviews (510) 843-5232 Berkeley, CA, 94708, United States16 miles from Mill Valley
... Read More List your business here for free - Learn More 1234567891011Next Page Residential Landscape Architects near Mill Valley
San Francisco Residential Landscape Architects · Oakland Residential Landscape Architects · Richmond Residential Landscape Architects · Berkeley Residential Landscape Architects · Daly City Residential Landscape Architects · San Rafael Residential Landscape Architects · Novato Residential Landscape Architects · San Pablo Residential Landscape Architects · Hercules Residential Landscape Architects · Pinole Residential Landscape Architects · Albany Residential Landscape Architects · El Sobrante Residential Landscape Architects · San Anselmo Residential Landscape Architects · Larkspur Residential Landscape Architects · Tamalpais-Homestead Valley Residential Landscape Architects · Emeryville Residential Landscape Architects · Corte Madera Residential Landscape Architects · Tiburon Residential Landscape Architects · Fairfax Residential Landscape Architects · Sausalito Residential Landscape Architects · more...
· Lucas Valley-Marinwood Residential Landscape Architects · Tara Hills Residential Landscape Architects · El Cerrito Residential Landscape Architects · Santa Venetia Residential Landscape Architects · North Richmond Residential Landscape Architects · East Richmond Heights Residential Landscape Architects · Rollingwood Residential Landscape Architects · Montalvin Residential Landscape Architects · Marin City Residential Landscape Architects · Ross Residential Landscape Architects · Sleepy Hollow Residential Landscape Architects · Belvedere Residential Landscape Architects · Lagunitas-Forest Knolls Residential Landscape Architects · Bayview Residential Landscape Architects · Black Point-Green Point Residential Landscape Architects · Point Reyes Station Residential Landscape Architects · Alto Residential Landscape Architects · Stinson Beach Residential Landscape Architects · San Geronimo Residential Landscape Architects · Muir Beach Residential Landscape Architects · Bolinas Residential Landscape Architects · Kentfield Residential Landscape Architects · Lagunitas Residential Landscape Architects · Olema Residential Landscape Architects · San Quentin Residential Landscape Architects · Nicasio Residential Landscape Architects · Forest Knolls Residential Landscape Architects · Belvedere Tiburon Residential Landscape Architects · Woodacre Residential Landscape Architects Professional Categories in Mill Valley | [
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7 Reasons You Need A Fabulous Sunglass Wardrobe | NARCISSISTA.ME
My husband and I are having fight. We’re packing for a few days at the beach and he won’t let me put my makeup case into his suitcase. He’s pissed that I need to do this because I’m packing 7 pairs of sunglasses, all in their special little cases.
No room at the inn for my suite of sunglasses
What’s really up his craw is that I actually own about 3 times this amount in sunglasses, which he’s just learned after 15 years of marriage. His self-righteousness only increases as he counts them out loud with the indignant horror of a detective that’s just stumbled upon a mass grave of bodies from a serial killer.
Thru the years, sunglasses have carved out a well-earned place in my heart, head and budget. Their utility extends beyond just making a fashion statement and I refuse to apologize for my past indulgences.
Sunglasses started to become a big part of my life right after my son was born. I was exhausted, fat and overwhelmed. Thankfully Kate Spade made the perfect pair of teal tortoise framed shades that shielded the messy reality of my life from the rest of the world.
My post partum Kate Spades. Discontinued, but I still have them and love them
They allowed me to leave my apartment without revealing the puffy, dark circled panic that my eyes would otherwise reveal. My sunglasses told the world I had it together. No post-partum here folks, keep walking.
After that, my first designer splurge was Gucci. They looked very J Lo soft hip hop in that “Love Don’t Cost a Thing” video, which helped put some fly girl into my otherwise lumbering walk to work. As a new mom, I needed all the fly I could get.
Love Don’t Cost A Thing for J Lo
But my love costs about $300
Two years later, my grandmother died at 94. She was my favorite person on earth and understood the power of understated accessories, so in fitting tribute, I bought a pair of “don’t bother me, I’m grieving” pitch back Chanel sunglasses.
Classic Chanel dark sunglasses. Perfect for funerals or being French
The following year, I had a serious case of lust for Tom Ford and his sunglasses. Jennifer Aniston was constantly photographed wearing them during the Brangelina mess. And thanks to her Tom Ford’s, she made being the victim of adultery, betrayal, paparazzi and divorce look downright delicious. I bought two pairs; the Jennifer and the Charles.
Jennifer Aniston wearing her Tom Ford Jennifers
Both my Tom Ford’s broke, but it didn’t matter. Thanks to my expanding sunglass wardrobe, I could slip in and out of the fantasy of being an US weekly girl.
My broken heart and broken Tom Ford Charles aviators
And now that my feet aren’t equipped to gracefully don 5” heels anymore, I’ve diverted my fetish for shoes being diverted into super duper sunglasses. As a result, I now worship at the altar of Robert Marc, a boutique designer that delivers exceptional quality, design and durability. All at prices I have no business paying in this economy.
So in the spirit of post rationalization, here are the 7 reasons why I think a sunglass wardrobe is a must rather than just a lust:
1. They help prevent wrinkles around the eyes. Ask any dermatologist, and they’ll tell you that getting into habit of wearing sunglasses protects from the UV light that breaks down the collagen in the delicate eye area, and prevents squinting. Translation: fewer crows feet and crepey eyes.
2. They keep your vision healthy. UV radiation from the sun can also damage the cornea, lens and can contribute to cataracts. The trick though, is to look for sunglasses that offer details on UV protection, specifically that they block 99 to 100 percent of both UVA and UVB rays. Beware of sunglasses that are labeled “cosmetic”.
3. They make a statement so you don’t have to. Having an arsenal of sunglasses is great way to declare your mood and accessorize whatever event you’re going to experience.
As you can see, I love me some aviators because they say sporty cool. The darker the tint, the more I want people to keep a distance though. I don’t wear heavily mirrored aviators– I am simply not cool enough to pull them off, but if you are go for it!
Weekend aviators, the Mykita Fanny
My everyday go to shades are my classic Robert Marc tortoise shell #636 because they’re huge and whisper just enough glamour without making me seem unapproachable.
My never fail Robert Marc #636 shades
I save my super-darks for funerals and business travel involving jet lag or more than 3 hours on a plane.
Plastic Robert Marc aviators circa 2010 I think.
4. They have your back. Sunglasses have allowed me to look presentable to other parents at early morning soccer practices, conceal a good cry after a sad movie and basically seem like part of the human race when I would rather just hide under the covers.
The only watch out here is that you don’t want to “over wear” your sunglasses, especially if you’re over 30 and should know better. Avoid wearing them indoors too much or when you’re having an intimate chat with someone and eye contact is important (unless it’s exceptionally bright and sunny).
5. They make you instantly glamorous and a little mysterious. I don’t care how much of a hot mess you are or how decrepit you look under neath, sunglasses are working hard to tell the world you’re fabulous. Just look at Angelina Jolie. I swear, sunglasses are the unsung hero of her career.
6. It’s an easy way to upgrade your style. Trends in sunglasses are subtle, but significant, even with the classics. If you haven’t upgraded your shades in 5 years, a fresh new pair will probably make a meaningful, albeit nuanced difference in your package. Plus, they’re a great way to step out of your fashion comfort zone if you’re still not convinced about peplum shirts and mullet skirts.
7. They never make you look fat. Sunglasses always forgive that second piece of pie (unlike my nemesis, the skinny jeans).
My husband will never understand my love for sunglasses, which is OK. I will never understand his passion for soccer and Costco.
Below are some of my favorites. Do you love sunglasses as much as I do?
When chosing sunglasses, does UV protection matter? (Mayclinic.com)
You Always Want What You Can’t Have (fabsugar.com)
Let’s talk sunglasses… (onemindtwocoasts.wordpress.com)
Health: Sunglass Protection (cwphilly.cbslocal.com)
Sunglasses: Celebrities’ Top Brands (stealthestyle.com)
Newlywed (And Dior Spokeswoman) Natalie Portman Loves Her Cat-Eye Sunglasses (shefinds.com)
Category : Beauty & Style, Odes and Tributes
Tags : Brangelina, celebrity sunglasses, gucci sunglasses, Jennifer Aniston, Kate spade sunglasses, Mykita sunglasses, robert marc, robert marc sunglasses, Sunglasses, tom ford sunglasses
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6 thoughts on “7 Reasons You Need A Fabulous Sunglass Wardrobe”
leblogdemarie on August 8, 2012 at 6:54 PM said:
Have countless pairs, but creature of habit that I am I always gravitate back to my
RB Wayfarers 🙂
narcissista1 on August 10, 2012 at 8:05 PM said:
I agree, can’t say enough good things about the classic Wayfarers
tammyjonesthewriter on August 8, 2012 at 11:25 PM said:
Bravo! I love all of the reasons why sunglasses are a must. I, too, have a few pairs. My most recent pair is a Prada pair that I call my Waldo glasses. They are round with curvy arms and I can’t help but smile every time I wear them.
Prada makes some lovely ones. Don’t tempt me:)
iconicallyrare on August 11, 2012 at 12:47 PM said: | [
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Juggle Bunny: Making Juggling Clubs With Dowels and Plastic Bottles
Yesterday I found myself unexpectedly at a hardware store. So I got most of the parts I didn't already have for making the juggling clubs. I got 3 dowels to cut in half, as well as the furniture tips for the end of the handles, and some screws. I hope I have all the other parts at home already. Here are some photos for ideas on decorating. I'll have to go through my tape box to see what colors of tape I have for the decorations. I'm writing an article about the project here because not many people come to my blog and I want a wider audience. Of course now comes the hard part, the actual making of the clubs. I was planning to start after Christmas because I'm swamped right now. But we'll see. | [
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TASCAM iU2 Audio/MIDI Interface w/ iOS Dock/USB for iPhone iPad New! | eBay
Details about TASCAM iU2 Audio/MIDI Interface w/ iOS Dock/USB for iPhone iPad New!
TASCAM iU2 Audio/MIDI Interface w/ iOS Dock/USB for iPhone iPad New!
eBay item number:170817959351
Apr 11, 2012 10:14:22 PDT View all revisions
Type: IU2
MPN: IU2
UPC: 043774027804 | [
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"value": "eBay Inc. ( EE-bay) is an American multinational e-commerce corporation based in San Jose, California, that facilitates consumer-to-consumer and business-to-consumer sales through its website."
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Patent US5951653 - Method and system for coordinating access to objects of different thread ... - Google PatentsSearch Images Maps Play YouTube News Gmail Drive More »Sign inPatentsA computer-based method and system for accessing objects of different thread types in a single process. The system provides single-threaded apartments (STAs) for loading apartment-threaded objects and a multi-threaded apartment (MTA) for loading free-threaded objects. Each STA has a single thread, and...http://www.google.com/patents/US5951653?utm_source=gb-gplus-sharePatent US5951653 - Method and system for coordinating access to objects of different thread types in a shared memory spaceAdvanced Patent SearchTry the new Google Patents, with machine-classified Google Scholar results, and Japanese and South Korean patents.Publication numberUS5951653 APublication typeGrantApplication numberUS 08/790,295Publication dateSep 14, 1999Filing dateJan 29, 1997Priority dateJan 29, 1997Fee statusPaidPublication number08790295, 790295, US 5951653 A, US 5951653A, US-A-5951653, US5951653 A, US5951653AInventorsRichard D. Hill, Alexander A. MitchellOriginal AssigneeMicrosoft CorporationExport CitationBiBTeX, EndNote, RefManPatent Citations (5), Non-Patent Citations (10), Referenced by (50), Classifications (5), Legal Events (5) External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, EspacenetMethod and system for coordinating access to objects of different thread types in a shared memory space
US 5951653 AAbstract
A computer-based method and system for accessing objects of different thread types in a single process. The system provides single-threaded apartments (STAs) for loading apartment-threaded objects and a multi-threaded apartment (MTA) for loading free-threaded objects. Each STA has a single thread, and the MTA has multiple threads. When an STA thread requests to access a free-threaded object, the system creates an MTA thread and requests the MTA thread to instantiate the free-threaded object. The STA thread then receives a marshalled pointer to the free-threaded object and unmarshals the received pointer. The STA thread then accesses the free-threaded object using the unmarshalled pointer so that the MTA thread accesses the free-threaded object on behalf of the STA thread. When an MTA thread requests access to an apartment-threaded object, the system creates an STA thread and requests the STA thread to instantiate the apartment-threaded object. The MTA thread then receives a marshalled pointer to the apartment threaded object and unmarshals the received pointer. The MTA thread then accesses the apartment-threaded object using the unmarshalled pointer so that the STA thread accesses the apartment-threaded object on behalf of the MTA thread.
1. A method in a computer system for accessing objects of different thread types in a single process, the method comprising:during execution of a single-threaded apartment (STA) thread,requesting access to a free-threaded object; and in response to the request to access a free threaded object,creating a multi-threaded apartment (MTA) thread; requesting the MTA thread to instantiate the free threaded object; receiving a marshalled pointer to the free-threaded object; unmarshalling the received pointer; and accessing the instantiated free-threaded object using the unmarshalled pointer wherein an MTA thread accesses the free-threaded object on behalf of the STA thread; and during execution of an MTA thread,requesting access to an apartment-threaded object; and in response to the request to access an apartment-threaded object,creating an STA thread; requesting the STA thread to instantiate the apartment-threaded object; receiving a marshalled pointer to the apartmnent-threaded object; unmarshalling the received pointer; and accessing the instantiated apartment-threaded object using the unmarshalled pointer wherein the STA thread accesses the apartment-threaded object on behalf of the MTA thread. 2. A method in a computer system for accessing a free-threaded object from a single-threaded apartment thread (STA) thread, the method comprising:during execution of the STA thread,requesting access to the free-threaded object; and in response to the request to access a free-threaded object,selecting a multi-threaded apartment (MTA) thread for accessing the object; requesting the selected MTA thread to access the free-threaded object on behalf of the STA thread; dispatching messages received while the MTA thread is accessing the free-threaded object; and receiving notification that the MTA thread has completed accessing the free-threaded object. 3. The method of claim 2 wherein the selecting of an MTA thread includes creating an MTA thread.
4. The method of claim 2 wherein the selecting of an MTA thread selects an already created thread.
5. The method of claim 2 including before requesting access to the free-threaded object, receiving a marshalled pointer to the free-threaded object and unmarshalling the pointer and wherein the requesting of access to the free-threaded object uses the unmarshalled pointer.
6. The method of claim 2 including when the free-threaded object has not been instantiated, requesting the MTA thread to instantiate the free-threaded object wherein the MTA thread provides the STA thread with a marshalled pointer to the free-threaded object.
7. The method of claim 6 wherein the STA thread unmarshals the pointer and requests access to the free-threaded object using the unmarshalled pointer.
8. The method of claim 2 wherein the requesting of the selected MTA thread includes switching to the MTA thread.
9. A method in a computer system for accessing an apartment-threaded object from a multi-threaded apartment (MTA) thread, the method comprising:during execution of the MTA thread,requesting access to the apartment-threaded object; and in response to the request to access the apartment-threaded object,selecting a single-threaded apartment (STA) thread to access the object; requesting the selected STA thread to access the apartment threaded object on behalf of the MTA thread; suspending execution while the STA thread is accessing the apartment-threaded object; and resuming execution when notified that the STA thread has completed accessing the apartment-threaded object. 10. The method of claim 9 wherein the selecting of an STA thread selects an already created thread.
11. The method of claim 9 wherein when the apartment-threaded object is a main-threaded object, then the selecting selects the main STA thread.
12. The method of claim 9 including before requesting access to the apartment-threaded object, receiving a marshalled pointer to the apartment-threaded object, and unmarshalling the pointer and wherein the requesting of access to the apartment-threaded object uses the unmarshalled pointer.
13. The method of claim 9 including when the apartment-threaded object has not been instantiated, requesting the STA thread to instantiate the apartment-threaded object wherein the STA thread provides the MTA thread with a marshalled pointer to the apartment-threaded object.
14. The method of claim 9 wherein the MTA thread unmarshals the pointer and requests access to the apartment-threaded object using the unmarshalled pointer.
15. A method in a computer system for providing access to apartment-threaded objects and free-threaded objects in memory shared by multiple threads, the method comprising:creating a single-threaded apartment having a single-threaded apartment (STA) thread, each apartment object being loaded into the single-threaded apartment; creating a multi-threaded apartment having multiple multi-threaded apartment (MTA) threads, each free-threaded object being loaded into the multi-threaded apartment; when the STA thread requests to access a free-threaded object, accessing the free-threaded object from a selected MTA thread on behalf of the STA thread; and when a MTA thread requests to accesses an apartment-threaded object, accessing the apartment threaded object from the STA thread on behalf of the MTA thread. 16. The method of claim 15 wherein the STA thread dispatches messages while the MTA thread is accessing the free-threaded object.
17. The method of claim 15 wherein the MTA thread suspends while the STA thread is accessing the apartment-threaded object.
18. The method of claim 15 wherein the STA thread provides a pointer to a marshalled host object and wherein the MTA thread unmarshals the pointer to the host object and invokes a method of the host object to instantiate an apartment-threaded object and to return a marshalled pointer to the instantiated object.
19. The method of claim 18 wherein the MTA thread unmarshals the pointer to the instantiated object and uses the unmarshalled pointer to request access to the instantiated object.
20. The method of claim 15 wherein an MTA thread provides a pointer to a marshalled host object and wherein the STA thread unmarshals the pointer to the host object and invokes a method of the host object to instantiate a free-threaded object and to return a marshalled pointer to the instantiated object.
21. The method of claim 20 wherein the STA thread unmarshals the pointer to the instantiated object and uses the unmarshalled pointer to request access to the instantiated object.
22. A computer-readable medium containing instructions for causing a computer system to provide access to apartment-threaded objects and free-threaded objects in memory shared by multiple threads, by:creating a single-threaded apartment having a single-threaded apartment (STA) thread, each apartment object being loaded into the single threaded apartment; creating a multi-threaded apartment having multiple multi-threaded apartment (MTA) threads, each free-threaded object being loaded into the multi-threaded apartment; when the STA thread requests to access a free-threaded object, creating an MTA thread and accessing the free-threaded object from created MTA thread on behalf of the STA thread; and when a MTA thread requests to accesses an apartment-threaded object, accessing the apartment threaded object from the STA thread on behalf of the MTA thread. 23. The computer-readable medium of claim 22 wherein the STA thread dispatches messages while the MTA thread is accessing the free-threaded object.
24. The computer-readable medium of claim 22 wherein the MTA thread suspends while the STA thread is accessing the apartment-threaded object.
25. The computer-readable medium of claim 22 wherein the STA thread provides a pointer to a marshalled host object and wherein the MTA thread unmarshals the pointer to the host object and invokes a method of the host object to instantiate an apartment-threaded object and to return a marshalled pointer to the instantiated object.
26. The computer-readable medium of claim 25 wherein the MTA thread unmarshals the pointer to the instantiated object and uses the unmarshalled pointer to request access to the instantiated object.
27. The computer-readable medium of claim 22 wherein an MTA thread provides a pointer to a marshalled host object and wherein the STA thread unmarshals the pointer to the host object and invokes a method of the host object to instantiate a free-threaded object and to return a marshalled pointer to the instantiated object.
28. The computer-readable medium of claim 27 wherein the STA thread unmarshals the pointer to the instantiated object and uses the unmarshalled pointer to request access to the instantiated object.
The present invention relates generally to accessing objects in a computer system and more particularly to coordinating access to objects among multiple threads.
Most computer systems execute under the control of a multiprocessing operating system. A multiprocessing operating system is designed to control the concurrent execution of multiple computer programs. Such operating systems typically allow one program to execute for a while, and then allow another computer program to execute. Before each computer program is allowed to execute, the operating system initializes the system resources (e.g., is CPU registers) to their state when that computer program last executed and, if necessary, loads the computer program back into memory. Thus, when the computer program is allowed to execute again, its execution continues where it left off. Each executing computer program is generally referred to as a "process," and the state of the computer system when that computer program executes is referred to as the "context" of the process.
Computer programs that are executing concurrently may have the need to communicate with each other. A computer application may be implemented as multiple cooperating computer programs that each execute as separate processes. One computer program may request another computer program to perform a certain function on its behalf. Each time the operating system allows a different computer program to execute, the operating system performs what is referred to as a process context switch. The context switch involves saving the current state of the executing process so that it can continue execution at a later time, and restoring the previous state of the computer program to be executed. The saving and restoring of the contexts may place an unacceptable overhead on the computer system. To avoid the overhead of process context switching, some operating systems have implemented the concept of a lightweight process or a thread. Within a single process, the operating system may allow several threads to execute concurrently. Each thread in a process shares the same address space (i.e., code and data), but each thread has its own program counter and other register values. The operating system allows each thread in the process to execute for a while and then switches control to the next thread. Because the threads share the same address space, the context switching from one thread to another can be accomplished much faster than switching from one process to another. Thus, the concept of multithreading allows many of the advantages of multiprocessing, but without the overhead of process context switches.
Many server computer programs (i.e., servers) that provide services to multiple client computer programs (i.e., clients) are implemented using multiple threads. When a client requests the server to perform a service on behalf of the client, the server will create a thread to provide that service for the client. Thus, when multiple clients request services at approximately the same time, the server will be executing many threads. The data that a process accesses is often organized into objects that encapsulate data and code for accessing that data. Because the threads within a process share the same data, access control to the data must be coordinated by the threads. With such a multithreading server, the developer of the server is responsible for coordinating access to the objects so that the processing by one thread will not be interfered with by another thread. For example, the developer may need to ensure that appropriate synchronization mechanism (e.g., locks and semaphores) are defined for each object. A synchronization problem could occur when two threads attempt to access an object concurrently. For example, if both threads A and B need to modify the same object, then a synchronization problem could occur in the following way. When the object provides a method to increment a data member, the method may load the value of the data member into a register, increment the value, and store the value back into the data member. However, if thread A invokes the method, the current value (e.g., 10) of the data member may get loaded into a register and then a thread context switch may occur so that thread B executes. If thread B also invokes the method, the current value (e.g., 10) of the data member would be loaded into a register, incremented (e.g., 11), and stored back into the data member. When thread A again executes, it resumes execution of the method. In this case, the value (i.e., 10) in its register is incremented (e.g., 11) and stored back into the data member. Thus, after execution of the method by both threads the data member will have a value of 11 rather than the expected value of 12. It may take a considerable amount of programming to develop a computer program that avoids various synchronization problems. The synchronization problems also occur when multiple processes, even with only one thread each, access shared memory. Thus, in general the problems occur when any threads, regardless of whether they are in the same or different processes, access objects in shared memory.
To help simplify development of such objects, an apartment model has been developed. According to the apartment model, each object can only be accessed by the single thread. Because each object can only be accessed by a single thread no synchronization problems occur as a result of multiple threads accessing the object concurrently. That is, the single thread can serially process each request to access the object. Thus, when a thread wants to access an object, it requests that the thread for the object perform the function on behalf of the requesting thread. The group of objects that can be accessed by a thread is referred to as an apartment. The apartment model is described in U.S. patent Ser. No. 08/381,635, entitled "Method and System for Multi-Threaded Processing," which is hereby incorporated by reference. A preferred technique for sending the request from one thread to another is referred to as marshalling and described in U.S. patent Ser. No. 5,511,197, entitled "Method and System for Network Marshalling of Interface Pointers for Remote Procedure Calls," which is hereby incorporated by reference.
When a programmer is developing a new object, the programmer needs to make a decision as to whether the object will be accessed only by a single thread or by multiple threads. If the object is to be accessed only by a single thread (i.e., an apartment-threaded object), then the implementation of the lo object is fairly straightforward because synchronization problems can be avoided by serializing access. Conversely, if the object is to be accessed by multiple threads (i.e., a free-threaded object), then the appropriate synchronization management mechanisms need to be developed. Unfortunately, apartment-threaded objects cannot be accessed by a server developed to access objects from any thread, and vice versa. When free-threaded objects are being used, a server is developed to simply pass pointers to the objects from one thread to another thread. The receiving thread would access the object directly, regardless of which thread created the object. Thus, if such a server loaded an apartment-threaded object, synchronization problems may occur as multiple threads accessed the object concurrently. Similarly, if a free-threaded object were executed in an apartment thread, the object may block in a manner that would cause the apartment to deadlock. Consequently, each class of object has an associated thread type. The thread type of the class can be either apartment-threaded or free-threaded. If a server is developed to use the apartment model, the server cannot instantiate free-threaded objects. Conversely, if the server is developed to use the free-threaded objects (i.e., a free-threading model), then the process cannot instantiate apartment-threaded objects. Two other thread types can be defined: single-threaded objects and both-threaded objects. A single-threaded object (referred to as a main-threaded object in the following) is an apartment-threaded object that can only be loaded into the apartment for the main thread of the process. A both-threaded object is compatible with both the apartment model and the free-threading model and thus can be loaded by a process that uses either model.
Although the apartment model does simplify the development of objects, the model has several drawbacks. First, if the computer has multiple processors, then the object can only be accessed by the processor that is executing the single thread and the other processors may be idle. Conversely, with the free-threaded objects, each thread that is accessing an object may be executing simultaneously on separate processors. Second, remote procedure call (RPC) mechanisms typically provide a dedicated thread for receiving calls from other processes. Thus, a thread context switch from the dedicated thread to the single thread may be needed. Conversely, a free-threaded object could execute in the dedicated thread. Third, because requests are nested, rather than queued, it may be that a first request is never completely serviced. That is, the last request received is serviced before the previously received requests are serviced. For example, when thread A is executing a method that was called from another thread, it may call a method in thread B, which in turn calls a method in thread A. If thread A did not process the second call when it was received, then the first call would never complete. However, if a first client calls a method in thread A, and many other clients call methods in thread A before the call by the first process completes, then the call by the first client may never complete because the thread is busy executing subsequent calls. Conversely, the threads with the free-threaded objects execute independently.
The present invention provides a method and system for providing access to apartment-threaded objects and free-threaded objects in memory shared by multiple threads. The system creates a single-threaded apartment that has a single-threaded apartment (STA) thread. The system loads each apartmentthreaded object into the single-threaded apartment. The system also creates a multi-threaded apartment that has one or more multi-threaded apartment (MTA) threads. The system loads each free-threaded object into the multi-threaded apartment. When the STA thread requests to access a free-threaded object, the system creates an MTA thread (or reactivates a deactivated thread) and requests that the MTA thread access the free-threaded object. The MTA thread then accesses the free-threaded object on behalf of the STA thread. When an MTA thread requests to access an apartment-threaded object, the system requests the STA thread to access the apartment-threaded object. The STA thread then accesses the apartment-threaded object from the STA thread on behalf of the MTA thread.
In another aspect of the present invention, both the MTA and the STA provide a host object through which objects can be instantiated in their respective apartments. Marshalled pointers to the host objects are placed in shared memory so that any thread can access the marshalled pointers. When an STA thread is to load a free-threaded object, the STA thread unmarshals the pointer for the host object of the MTA. The STA thread then invokes a method of the host object of the MTA. That invocation is sent to an MTA thread. The MTA host object instantiates the free-threaded object and returns a marshalled pointer to the instantiated object. When the STA thread receives the marshalled pointer, it unmarshals the pointer and uses the pointer to access the instantiated object. The instantiated object is accessed by requesting an MTA thread to access the instantiated object on behalf of the STA thread. When an MTA thread is to load an apartment-threaded object, then an analogous process occurs.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating the mixing of objects of different types in a single process.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating marshalling techniques used in the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a computer system for practicing the present invention.
FIG. 4a is a flow diagram of an implementation of the CoCreateinstance function.
FIG. 4b is a flow diagram of an implementation of the CoGetClassObject function.
FIG. 5 is a flow diagram of a portion of the message loop for the main STA thread of the process.
FIG. 6 is flow diagram of the routine to create the host object in the main STA thread.
FIG. 7 is a flow diagram of the initialization process of an STA thread.
FIG. 8 is a flow diagram of the routine to initialize an MTA thread.
FIG. 9 is a flow diagram of the channel processing when an apartment-threaded object is accessed.
FIG. 10 is a flow diagram of the channel processing when a free-threaded object is accessed.
FIG. 11 is a flow diagram of a stub routine.
The present invention provides a method and system that allows apartment-threaded objects and free-threaded objects to be loaded into memory shared by multiple threads in a manner that is transparent to the application programs. The mixed threading system (MTS) of the present invention supports multiple single-threaded apartments and one multi-threaded apartment in the shared memory. The MTS loads apartment-threaded objects into a single-threaded apartment and loads free-threaded objects into the multi-threaded apartment. Each single-threaded apartment is executed by a corresponding single-threaded apartment (STA) thread, and the multi-threaded apartment is executed by multiple multi-thread apartment (MTA) threads. When a thread requests to load an object, the MTS determines into which apartment the object should be loaded (i.e., free-threaded objects are loaded into the MTA and apartmnent-threaded objects are loaded into an STA, main-thread objects are loaded into the main STA thread, and both thread objects are loaded into the current thread). If the requesting thread matches the thread type of the object (e.g., an apartment-thread object and STA thread or a free-threaded object and an MTA thread), then the object is loaded into the apartment of the requesting thread. Thus, when the loaded object is then accessed by the requesting thread, it accesses the object directly from that thread. If, however, the requesting thread does not match the thread type of the object, then the MTS requests a thread that matches the thread type to load the object into its apartment and provides the requesting thread with a marshalled interface pointer to the object. Thus, whenever the loaded object is accessed by the requesting thread, then it is accessed using the marshalled interface pointer so that a thread context switch occurs so that the object can be executed by a thread in the appropriate apartment.
The MTS handles the accessing of an object through a marshalled interface pointer differently for each type of thread. If a thread uses a marshalled interface pointer to access an apartment-threaded object, then the MTS switches to the thread for that apartment to access the object on behalf of the requesting thread. If an STA thread uses a marshalled interface pointer to access a free-threaded object, then the MTS creates a new MTA thread and requests that the newly created thread access the object on behalf of the requesting STA thread. After the access is complete, then the MTA thread can be destroyed (or released to a pool of deactivated threads). Whenever an STA thread uses a marshalled interface pointer to access an object, then the thread enters a loop dispatching messages while the other thread accesses the object. Whenever an MTA thread uses a marshalled interface pointer to access an object, then the thread waits until the access is complete.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating the mixing of objects of different thread types in a single process. Although the description below refers to threads in a single process, the techniques of the present invention may be used with threads in different processes that share memory. The process has a global area 101, multi-threaded apartment (MTA) 102 with three threads 102a, 102b, 102c, and three single-threaded apartments (STA) for threads 103a, 103b, 103c. The MTS keeps track of the apartments and threads. Three threads are designated as host threads: host STA thread 103b; main STA thread 103a; and host MTA thread 102c. The host threads provide access to a host object that controls the instantiation of objects. When one thread requests an object to be instantiated that needs to be in a different apartment, the MTS retrieves from the global area a marshalled interface pointer to the host object for the apartment in which the object is to be created. The MTS unmarshals the interface pointer and invokes a method of the host object to instantiate the object. The host object instantiates the object and returns a marshalled interface to the instantiated object. The requesting thread then unmarshals the interface pointer and uses it to access the object.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating marshalling techniques used in the present invention. When a pointer to an interface is passed from one thread (i.e., a server thread) 202 to another thread (i.e., a client thread) 201, the MTS creates proxy and stub objects to control the inter-thread invoking of the methods. The proxy object 201a is instantiated within the client thread and contains an implementation of the same interface (e.g., IObject) that the object 202c exposes. When the client thread invokes a method of the proxy object, the proxy object marshals the parameters of the method and passes the request to invoke that method to the channel object 201b. The channel object contains the network address of the corresponding server channel object 202b. The channel object may need to create a server thread to process the request. The channel object forwards the request to the server thread. The channel object on the server thread forwards the request to invoke the method to the stub object 202a. The stub object unmarshals the parameters of the message and invokes the corresponding method of the object 202c. When the method returns, the stub object packages the return parameters and forwards them to the channel object 202b. The channel object then sends that message to the channel object 201b. The channel object forwards the message to the proxy object which unmarshals the parameters and returns to the client.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a computer system for practicing the present invention. The computer system 300 includes primary storage 301, a central processing unit (CPU) 302, and an I/O interface 303. The primary storage contains a multi-threaded computer program 304, a CoCreatelnstance function 305, a channel interface 306, a system registry 307, and loaded dynamic link libraries (DLL) 308. The computer program invokes the CoCreatelnstance function to instantiate an object of a certain class. The function determines from the registry the name of the DLL that contains the code for that class and the thread type of that class (e.g., free-threaded). The function loads the DLL and effects the instantiation of that object in the appropriate apartment. The function then returns an interface pointer that points either directly to the object or to a proxy for the object. When the proxy is invoked, the channel code effects the invoking of the method by the appropriate thread.
FIG. 4a is a flow diagram of an implementation of CoCreatelnstance function. The CoCreateinstance function is passed the identifier of a class and the identifier of an interface supported by that class. The function instantiates an object of that class and returns a pointer to the interface for that object. In step 401a, the function invokes the CoGetClassObject function passing the identifier of the class and the identifier of the class factory interface. The class factory interface provides a method for creating instances of objects. In step 402a, the function invokes the method Createlnstance of the returned class factory passing the identifier of the interface for the object. The method creates an instance of the object and returns a pointer to interface. The function then returns.
FIG. 4b is a flow diagram of an implementation of the CoGetClassObject function. The CoGetClassObject function is passed the identifier of a class and returns a pointer to the class factory interface for that class. In step 401b, the function checks the global registry to identify the dynamic link library (DLL) that contains the code for the identified class. If the DLL for the class is not already loaded, then the function loads the DLL. In step 402b, the function retrieves the thread type of the class from the registry. In step 403b, the function retrieves a reference to the DLLGetClassObject function in is the loaded DLL. In step 404b, the function determines whether the object can be created in the current apartment. If the object can be created in the current apartment, then the function continues at step 405b, else the function continues at step 412b. The object can be instantiated in the current apartment in the following circumstances:
(1) the thread type of the class is both-threaded;
(2) the thread type of the class is apartment-threaded (but not main-threaded) and the current apartment is an STA;
(3) The thread type of the class is free-threaded and the current apartment is the MTA; and
(4) the thread type of the class is main-threaded and the current apartment is the main STA.
In step 405b, the function invokes the DLLGetClassObject function to instantiate the class factory in the current apartment and returns a pointer to the class factory. In step 412b, if the host object has been marshalled, then the function continues at step 410b, else the function continues at step 406b. In steps 406b-411b, the function causes the class factory to be created in another apartment that matches the thread type. In step 406b, if the thread type of the class is main-threaded, then the function continues at step 407b, else the function continues at step 408b. In step 407b, the function sends a message to the main STA thread to instantiate the class factory. The sending of the message is synchronized in that control does not return until the message has been processed by the main STA thread. In step 408b, the function creates a thread in an apartment for the class factory. In step 409b, the function waits on an event to signal the completion of the creation of the thread. In step 410b, the function unmarshals the host pointer that the created thread stored in the global memory. In step 411b, the function invokes the method GetClassObject of the host object to create the class factory and to retrieve a marshalled pointer to the class factory. The function then returns a pointer to the proxy class factory after unmarshalling the pointer.
FIG. 5 is a flow diagram of a portion of the message loop for the main STA thread of the process. The main STA thread receives messages to instantiate apartment-threaded objects within its apartment. In step 501, the message loop retrieves the next message. In step 502, if the message indicates that an object is to be created, then the message loop continues at step 503, else the message loop continues its normal processing for messages. In step 503, the message invokes the routine to create an object for the main thread.
FIG. 6 is flow diagram of the routine to create an object in the main STA thread. In step 601, if the host object for the main STA thread has already been created, then the routine skips to step 604, else the routine continues at step 602. In step 602, the routine creates the host object. In step 603, the routine marshals a pointer to the host object to an area of global memory. In step 604, the routine sends a reply message and returns.
FIG. 7 is a flow diagram of the initialization process of an (non-main) STA thread. When a thread is initialized, it performs this process if it is a non-main STA thread. In step 701, the routine invokes the function ColnitializeEx indicating that an STA thread is being initialized. The function ColnitializeEx tracks the threads so that the requests to access objects can be sent to the appropriate thread. In step 702, if the host object for the STAs has already been created, then the routine skips to step 705, else the routine continues at step 703. In step 703, the routine creates the host object for the non-main STA threads. In step 704, the routine marshals the pointer to the host object to global memory. In step 705, the routine sets the event to indicate that the pointer to the host object is in global memory. The setting of this event notifies the client thread that the pointer to the host object is in global memory. In step 706, the routine goes to the message loop for the apartment thread.
FIG. 8 is a flow diagram of the routine to initialize an MTA thread. In step 801, the routine invokes the function ColnitializeEx indicating that an MTA thread is being initialized. In step 802, if the host object for the MTA has already been created, then the routine skips to step 805, else the routine continues at step 803. In step 803, the routine creates the host object for the free threads. In step 804, the routine marshals a pointer to the host object to the global memory. In step 805, the routine sets the event to indicate that the pointer to the host object is in global memory. In step 806, the routine blocks on an event to keep the thread alive until the process uninitializes. In step 807, the routine invokes the function CoUninitialize to uninitialize the thread and returns.
FIG. 9 is a flow diagram of the channel processing when the object is in an STA. In step 901, the routine posts a message to the thread for the apartment that contains the object. In step 902, if the current thread is an MTA thread then the routine continues at step 903, else the routine continues at step 904. In step 903, the routine waits until the event is set by the thread that processed the request. An MTA thread suspends until the event is set. In steps 904-905, the routine loops dispatching messages and checking the event. An STA thread needs to continue dispatching messages in case the object that is invoked accesses an object that can only be accessed through this thread. In step 904, the routine dispatches any messages on the message loop. In step 905, if the event has been set, then the routine continues in step 906, else the routine loops to step 905. In step 906, the routine processes the reply and returns.
FIG. 10 is a block diagram of the channel processing when the object is in the MTA. In step 1001, the function creates an MTA thread or allocates an MTA thread from a pool of available threads. In step 1002, the routine sets an event to wake the thread to process the request. In steps 1003-1004, the routine loops dispatching messages and checking for the event. Only an STA thread will access a free-threaded object using marshalling. (Any MTA thread can access any free-threaded object directly.) Therefore, the messages for the STA threads are dispatched. In step 1003, the routine dispatches any messages. In step 1004, if the event is set, then the routine continues in step 1005, else the routine loops to step 1003. In step 1005, the routine processes the reply message and returns.
FIG. 11 is a flow diagram of a stub routine. In step 1101, the stub routine unmarshals the message provided by the channel. In step 1102, the stub invokes the method of the object. In step 1103, the stub marshals any return parameters into a reply and forwards them to the channel and returns. The channel then forwards the reply and sets the event.
Although the present invention has been described in terms of a preferred embodiment, it is not intended that the invention be limited to this embodiment. Modifications within the spirit of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The scope of the present invention is defined by the claims that follow.
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Walking by Night by Kate Ellis | Library Chatter
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Posted on June 29, 2016 by Shire of Mundaring Libraries
Walking by Night by Kate Ellis is the fifth and latest of the Joe Plantagenet mysteries set in North Yorkshire. If you are looking for interesting English detective mystery stories, look no further. Kate Ellis is able to create a sense of menace which propels the reader to keep turning the pages, to hope against hope that the intended victim may escape. Walking by Night centers around people involved in a theatre group. A young girl believes she saw a body whilst walking drunkenly through a deserted undercroft which is the only remaining part of a medieval structure. She also believed she saw the ghost of a long-dead nun watching her. People are understandably sceptical. Then a woman’s body turns up. The ending surprises, as none of the conclusions the reader might come to quite add up.
There is some historical reference which adds to the atmosphere and setting of the novel, but not to the degree of Ellis’ Wesley Petersen series. Kate Ellis writes a very readable novel, which is a well-written page-turner that satisfies.
This entry was posted in Book Reviews and tagged book review, detective and mystery stories, Kate Ellis, Walking by Night. Bookmark the permalink. | [
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Black Angus Steakhouse Locations & Hours Near Newport Beach, CA - YP.com
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NEE Headlines | NextEra Energy, Inc. Common Sto Stock - Yahoo! Canada Finance Skip to search. New User? Register Sign InHelp Get new Yahoo! Mail apps Notifications Help Mail My Y! Yahoo! Yahoo! Canada Finance Search Search Web HOMEPHOTOSVIDEODaily TickerMoney MinuteNEWSCanadaRetailTechnologyWorldPERSONAL FINANCECareersInvesting & PlanningReal EstateRetirementSaving & SpendingTFSABLOGSBalance SheetDashboardInsightPay DayINVESTINGCurrency ConverterCurrenciesMarketsBondsCommoditiesCanada IndicesUS IndicesWorld IndicesPrice GainersPrice LosersProvidersMY PORTFOLIOSign in to access My PortfoliosTHE GOOD LIFEAutomobilesHomes & DesignTravel & HotelsWealth & Luxury Search for share pricesSearch for share pricesFri May 24, 2013 9:31PM EDT - Canadian Markets closed TSX 0.07% TSX Ventures 0.00%More On NEEQuotesSummaryOrder BookOptionsHistorical PricesChartsInteractiveBasic ChartBasic Tech. AnalysisNews & InfoHeadlinesCompany EventsMarket PulseCompanyProfileKey StatisticsSEC FilingsCompetitorsIndustryComponentsAnalyst CoverageAnalyst OpinionAnalyst EstimatesOwnershipMajor HoldersInsider TransactionsInsider RosterFinancialsIncome StatementBalance SheetCash FlowNextEra Energy, Inc. (NEE) -NYSE 77.30 0.92(1.18%) 4:02PM EDT|After Hours
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Cash For Cars Ireland: VW expected to offer to buy back nearly 500000 U.S. diesel vehicles
Posted by Paul Costello at 08:18
Labels: 2016 at 04:05PM, April 22, Cash For Cars Ireland - Dublin | [
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Dearoma Tours (Rome, Italy): Top Tips Before You Go - TripAdvisor
Dearoma Tours, Rome: Hours, Address, Attraction Reviews
Search Europe›Italy›Lazio›Rome›Rome Attractions›Dearoma Tours
#29 of 157 Outdoor Activities in Rome Certificate of Excellence Neighbourhood: Navona / Pantheon / Campo de’ Fiori
Walking Tours, Cultural Tours, Vespa, Scooter & Moped Tours, Historical & Heritage Tours, Bike Tours, Outdoor Activities, Tours, More Write a Review
Return to Map Get directions Address: Via Dei Balestrari 11, 00186 Rome, Italy Phone Number:
+39 06 4547 6349 Website Improve this listing
Description: Dearoma is a Rome Licensed Tour operator born to offer our guests a unique...
The Fiat 500 Tour was a surprise gift for me. I am Brazilian and it was my second day in Rome, so, every detail and places we've been was an amazing discovery. Our guide Stefano...
read more Reviewed 2 days ago tatattb, Sao Paulo, SP
Read reviews that mention: All reviews secret rome
reviews Clear all Start your review of Dearoma Tours Click to rate
NEW The Fiat 500 Tour was a surprise gift for me. I am Brazilian and it was my second day in Rome, so, every detail and places we've been was an amazing discovery. Our guide Stefano, was very polite, knew all the story about the places (and also the many others during our tour I couldn't stop asking him). We went...
More Helpful? Thank tatattb Report Dorothy O
2 reviews “First time in Rome, They truly took care of us!”
We took the 8 hour bike tour through the city of Rome. We met our guide outside of the Colosseum at the metro stop. He patiently waited for us while we ate our breakfast croissants and coffee. He asked us what our expectations were and we made adjustments to the itinerary so that we could visit the places that interested...
More Helpful? Thank Dorothy O Report disheveledprofessor
52 helpful votes “Roman Holiday”
Shades of Gregory Peck and Audrey Hepburn in "Roman Holiday", our vespa tour was the highlight of our time in Rome. Winging around Rome on a vespa is exhilarating; a lot more can be seen than trying to cover ground on foot; our guide, Valerio, is extremely knowledgeable, and has a passion for sharing his city and its history. I...
More Helpful? Thank disheveledprofessor Report Bracko1
Level Contributor 3 reviews “Vespa Tour”
Had the most fantastic tour of Rome on Sunday. Myself and my wife took a Vespa tour around the city of Rome. Our drivers were Valerio and Simone. They took us to all the main sites of Rome and at each stop Valerio gave us an insight to all the history of these ancient sites. We also had the pleasure...
More Helpful? Thank Bracko1 Report MargiePink
12 helpful votes “A Nostalgic Fiat 500 tour of the antiquities of Rome”
For someone who had actually owned 2 Fiat 500s in his younger days, this was always going to be fun. Our driver and guide was Valerio, and he was a delight: knowledgeable, interesting and charming.
He knew his history, certainly seemed to enjoy passing it on and was a pleasure to spend the afternoon with.
This tour particularly suited us...
More Helpful? Thank MargiePink Report Kathy-Jones1
Level Contributor 6 reviews 4 helpful votes “Vintage Vespa Tour”
A fantastic way to experience Rome like the locals. Our guide, Valerio, was a wealth of knowledge. His passion for the history of his city, Rome, was evident. The tour was tailored to our interest & tried to make sure that we did not duplicate what we had done in previous sightseeing. Would highly recommend.
Helpful? Thank Kathy-Jones1 Report Kathpot
9 helpful votes “Best Bike Tour”
Book early for this great insight into Rome's history! Valerio Caffio is an historian with a wealth of knowledge to share.
Valerio gave us a customised tour, comfortable cycling with plenty of stops to review the sites, the use of images on his tablet device really helped us understand fully what we were looking at.
This would suit anyone who...
More Helpful? Thank Kathpot Report Kate C
Level Contributor 3 reviews 2 helpful votes “Vespa tour of Rome---Highlight of the entire 2 week vacation”
Our family of 4 LOVED this adventure around rome. Valerio was so knowledgable and friendly. He taught us much about the history at every stop. We felt safe and well cared for on our own "Lizzie McGuire" experience. We were able to tailor this experience to our own desires and trip. My dad even got to drive his own Vespa!...
Thank Kate C Report jjtucci66
1 helpful vote “Touring Roma Italian Style”
We had a blast with Valerio during his Vespa tour of Rome. We were expecting a lovely ride though Rome but what we got was an adventure that we tell anyone who will listen! We had already had 2 wonderful walking tours and ventured out ourselves but what we did not anticipate during this Vespa tour was all the places...
More Helpful? Thank jjtucci66 Report Shannonslaughter
Level Contributor 3 reviews 1 helpful vote “Highlight of Rome!”
This afternoon vespa tour was our favorite part of Rome! The tour guides (Riccardo and Miguele) were absolutely wonderful and made it such a memorable experience. Touring on the Vespas allowed us to see so many of the historical sights that simply wouldn't be possible on foot. Riccardo and Miguele knew their history so well and were so passionate about...
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Been to Dearoma Tours? Share your experiences! Write a Review
Here's what previous visitors have asked, with answers from representatives of Dearoma Tours and other visitors
3 questions Ask a question patriciap72017
My family is interested in the Private Tour of Ancient Rome by Bicycle...Including Skip the Line Colosseum, Forum and Caracalla Baths.1. Do the bicycle riders actually enter the Forum....or do they only ride outside the Forum?2. Do the bicycle riders enter the Caracalla Baths and tour the Baths?
Ah, shucks! I am hoping to book a Vespa tour for me tomorrow (9 November) but it looks like there is no availability. Perhaps something has opened? 5 months ago
Problem with this question? Show all answers (2) Answer Janey H
What happens if it rains and I've booked a vespa tour?
(3) Questions? Get answers from Dearoma Tours staff and past visitors. | [
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Journeys in Ministry: March 2010
Returning to Mt. Zion
Twenty years ago my family and I vacationed in Kissimmee, Florida. On the Sabbath we attended a small church in town that met in an unremarkable building but was filled with extraordinary people. One of the things I remember was that they had the potluck catered by a church members. We had a blessed Sabbath but never thought we'd be back again. Little did we know.
We returned to Mt. Zion Seventh-day Adventist Church on Sabbath, March 20. We would've missed the church if not for the sign (a new one since 20 years ago). The church we worshiped in was still there but the congregation was gathered in a beautiful multi-purpose facility. Instead of about 75 people in church there were three-times that number. What happened?
I noticed some things: They are using media in their service like few congregations I have seen. All the announcements are locally produced video-shorts with members doing it all. What a great idea. And, most importantly, they involve the youth and young adults in the church at every step. In addition, they are active in community service in the city. No wonder they have grown. They're doing what Jesus asks us to do: "GO!"
A special surprise was the speaker of the hour--our friend from the Southeastern California Conference, Dr. Emil Peeler. (You can get a taste of Dr. Peeler's preaching at http://vodpod.com/watch/2544721-dr-emil-peeler) We were blessed by a spirit-filled message, uplifting music, and wonderful fellowship. As we departed our prayer was that another 20 years would not need to pass before we would meet again in the New Earth.
God is at work in Kissimmee, FL through the Mt. Zion Church. Check them out on the web at, http://www.mtzionsda.org
Posted by Bradford C. Newton at 7:39 PM No comments:
Labels: Emil Peeler, Kissimmee, Mt. Zion
Come Apart and Pray....Really?
It was the end of a long week of meetings that tackled some of the proverbial "big issues" that we grapple with as a church. I had been away from home for a week and would've much preferred to just go home and rest. But...how do you argue with the notion that we should stay together for another day and a half to pray together, right!?
That's how I entered into a first for Pacific Union administrators (at least to my meager knowledge!) Conference presidents, Union officers, and a few others were going to spend Friday night and all day Sabbath in prayer and reflection. How do you do that? We typically move quickly from one meeting to another with little time for any corporate spirituality except for perhaps the Sabbath.
I really didn't know what to expect since this was a first for me as a church administrator. Spending extended time with colleagues to pray was something I had done as a pastor with other pastors. But as we gathered in the West Building of the Union headquarters for the celebration of the Lord's Supper on Friday evening, March 12, I uttered the prayer, "Well, Lord, I'm open to what you'd like to do with me."
As it turned out, by Saturday night I concluded that this was the best thing we possibly could've done as church leaders. This WAS NOT another church committee meeting masquerading as a prayer session. THIS was the REAL DEAL. We actually prayed together, sang, reflected upon selected Bible and Spirit of Prophecy selections and did what we always talk about doing. We sought the Lord. There we were no sermons. Nobody was the center of attention. We sought the Lord together and cared for each other spiritually!
I know that this may surprise some of our members but the people gathered in that upper room in the West Building (yes, its actually on the second floor) love God supremely, struggle with human frailty, love the church, and really long for Jesus to come. This was the Church at its best because we were the New Testament Church at its core.
I was refreshed. It's really true that Jesus gives you a renewal in His presence that no nap or mindless television viewing can come close to match. And, I'm glad that we came apart to pray. Really! I hope we do it again!
Posted by Bradford C. Newton at 7:07 PM No comments:
Labels: Pacific Union, Prayer
Ministers'-in-Waiting
In the Spring of 1980 a group of serious looking men in black suits gathered in the Indiana Room of the Andrews University cafeteria. There to meet them were the graduating theology seniors--including a skinny guy from Illinois. I will always remember these Conference President's and Ministerial Directors from the Lake Union territory meeting, greeting, and interviewing the earnest group of "minister's-in-waiting." It was with a grateful heart that I received a call from the Illinois Conference to go to the Seminary (I wasn't married yet!!--a requisite to pastoring in those years.)
As I hosted the Theology Senior Interviews for the Pacific Union Conference at Pacific Union College (February 28) and La Sierra University (March 8) the circle was coming around. And, I know that each of us who interviewed these soon-to-be graduates were mindful that we had been there before. Since 2005 this annual gathering has been the highlight of my year. It is the ultimate faith-affirming experience to dialogue with young men and women who have heard the call of Jesus for service.
Our two higher education institutions have designed their theology programs to maximize the exposure of young minds to both the Biblical and practical aspects of ministry. The students that reach their senior year have benefited from an intentionally designed curriculum which promotes personal reflection upon God's call in their life for a life of ministry.
Each of these students spends about 30 minutes with each Conference leadership team for a personal interview followed by a luncheon together. The goal is for each graduate to find a place in the "vineyard of ministry." Even in tough financial times it is my conviction that we need to utilize these committed young people in some aspect of ministry in every conference territory.
As we parted company with these ministers-in-waiting I expected to see them engaged soon in serving the Lord of the Harvest. They are the pledge of God that His work will be finished and we will soon be home with Him.
Posted by Bradford C. Newton at 6:03 PM No comments:
Labels: La Sierra University, Pacific Union College, Senior Theology Interviews | [
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Last updated on 07 Aug, 2019 15:09:47 AEST View all revisions | [
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Francois Zoko | Chadwick Media
Tag Archives: Francois Zoko
City Make First Summer Signing
Steven Davies Signs From Blackpool Bradford City have today confirmed the signing of Steven Davies on a one-year contract after the striker left Blackpool at the end of last season. The forward joined his new City team-mates this morning for training … Continue reading →
Posted in Uncategorized | Tagged Apperley Bridge, Ashton Gate, Billy Clarke, Blackpool, Bloomfield Road, Bradford City, Bristol City, Derby County, Francois Zoko, Phil Parkinson, Pride Park, Sheffield United, Steven Davies, Tom McMahon, Tranmere Rovers | Leave a comment | [
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Emergence Phenomena: How dare you SIRS?
Here's a good reminder that risk stratifiers and mnemonics are just that - prognostications. Like a wise man once said - its all a spectrum.
Time to Initial Antibiotic Administration, and Short-term Mortality Among Patients Admitted With Community-Acquired Severe Infections With and Without the Presence of Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome
Daniel Pilsgaard Henriksen; Christian B Laursen; Jesper Hallas; Court Pedersen; Annmarie Touborg Lassen
Emerg Med J. 2015;32(11):846-853.
Methods In this retrospective follow-up study, we included all adult patients (≥15 years) presenting to a medical emergency department in the period between September 2010 and August 2011 with a first-time admission of community-acquired severe infection (infection with evidence of organ dysfunction), with and without SIRS at arrival. The presence of SIRS was defined as two or more of the criteria according to the American College of Chest Physicians/Society of Critical Care Medicine (ACCP/SCCM) definitions. Cases were identified by manual chart review using predefined criteria of infection. Data on vital signs, laboratory values and antibiotic treatment were obtained electronically.
Results We included 1169 patients with infection and organ dysfunction, treated with antibiotics within 24 h after arrival (median age 76.1 years (IQR 63.1–83.5), 567 (48.5%) men). In all, 886 (75.8%) presented with SIRS, and 283 (24.2%) presented without SIRS. Median time to antibiotics was 4.6 h (IQR 2.9–7.0) in patients with SIRS and 6.7 h (IQR 4.5–10.3) in patients without SIRS (p<0.0001). Thirty-day mortality in patients with and without SIRS was 18.4% (95% CI 15.9% to 21.1%) and 16.6% (95% CI 12.5% to 21.5%), respectively.
Conclusions SIRS was absent in one-quarter of patients admitted with severe infection. The 'door-to-antibiotics' time was significantly shorter for patients with SIRS compared with patients without SIRS, but no difference was found in 30-day mortality.
Posted by Rahul Goswami on January 03, 2016
Labels: critical care, medicine, micro; | [
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Costa Rica Calling: The Saviour of Costa Rica....and British at that!
Posted by the fly in the web at 14:54
dinahmow 5 July 2012 at 15:50
Ah...the beloved Bailey Bridge,inspiration of my childhood Meccano constructions!(Well, it was the only practical way to get from one end of the sofa to the other!)
Growing up in an area of hydro dams I was familiar with these marvellous bridges.
the fly in the web 5 July 2012 at 16:16
I only had father's tales....but now am on familiar terms with them!
Joanne 5 July 2012 at 16:35
Knowing the bridge must be crossed, would you take that route again. Or for that trip, if you knew before. And, in the video, is that foot traffic accumulating at the other side waiting for the vehicle to clear the bridge?
the fly in the web 6 July 2012 at 05:55
It's not the only bridge like that - returning from Nicaragua with BIL we took a wrong exit from the laughingly called Caldera motorway and ended up on another one!
Yes, the people are waiting until there is nothing on the bridge....
the fly in the web 5 July 2012 at 19:55
Steve 6 July 2012 at 00:03
I will never complain about potholes in the road again.
the fly in the web 6 July 2012 at 05:57
http://www.crhoy.com/tome-rutas-alternas-paso-regulado-en-general-canas/
If you follow the link you will see the mother of all potholes....so great is the chaos that the poor kids in the capital have had their school holidays postponed to ease the chaos!
Sarah 6 July 2012 at 00:30
You have to be prepared for an adventure whenever you set foot outside your door basically.
The most I have to be concerned about is whether my cat will suddenly make a dash for it and get under my feet. :)
the fly in the web 6 July 2012 at 05:58
Toss up which is more dangerous....the daily feline or the once and never again bridge...
Niall & Antoinette 6 July 2012 at 01:26
Great contraptions, my father explained how they worked once when we encountered one--though can't remember where it was.
Wonderful beasts, aren't they!
The Broad 6 July 2012 at 09:01
Some dear friends of ours told us a story about a bridge in Costa Rica. I wish I could remember the details -- but there was something about the car having to make a 'leap of faith' or 'running jump' from the land to the bridge and then having to land just right in order to be able to drive across. On this same trip they got stopped by bandits, who were quite friendly in an oddly Costa Rican kind of way...
the fly in the web 6 July 2012 at 09:16
Must have been in the pre drug trade days as the modern bandits are distinctly unfriendly, it appears.
We were on our first trip to Costa Rica when our bus tried to 'jump' a crevasse which had opened up in the road...
Ayak 6 July 2012 at 09:44
I think you are incredibly brave to have crossed that bridge. You wouldnt catch me doing that!
the fly in the web 6 July 2012 at 10:40
Needs must when Danilo drives....
Annie 8 July 2012 at 03:17
This is living life in another world - hanging on to it at times too. Slightly concerned that temporary, wartime structures are what are providing access to much of the country though full of admiration at their invention and durability!
Great post - most interesting, though I don't like thinking of the poor folk in the submerged part of the bus.
the fly in the web 8 July 2012 at 04:07
While living in rural Costa Rica generally compares very favourably with living in rural France - more and better services - the roads are a perpetual problem.
Just today, coming back from a hospital appointment, half the raod had disappeared at one stretch...but the crews were already there...so they can do it - it{s the usual story of apathy at national planning level.
Friko 9 July 2012 at 04:14
The Bailey bridge across our own river here at Valley's End allowed traffic from one side to the other (the main thoroughfare across the packhorse bridge being closed for repairs) recently.
I have to say, I'm glad it's gone again. The old-fashioned footbridge is a lot prettier.
Your life in Costa Rica seems to be quite an adventure, I'm not sure I'd have the courage. Rural England is adventurous enough for me.
the fly in the web 9 July 2012 at 04:31
When I moved to rural France people used to say...
'Aren't you brave!'
Perpetua 11 July 2012 at 13:11
I'm with Ayak. I'd stay at home for ever if I had to cross a bridge like that. I'm such a wimp where heights and wobbly things are concerned. You and Mr Fly must be made of much stronger stuff....
the fly in the web 11 July 2012 at 13:19
We couldn't turn round!
Jenny Woolf 13 July 2012 at 05:48
I guess it is good to face challenges :D
My great aunt used to have to get herself over river sometimes when she travelled around India for her job. !
the fly in the web 13 July 2012 at 07:09
Challenges are one thing...when people have been waiting fourteen years for a bridge so that they can get their goods to market and there are deaths annually as people are borne away trying to cross the river then the government's lack of concern is scandalous.
Anonymous 14 July 2012 at 03:30
And I thought the roads were bad in Ireland. We are blessed by comparison. It is shocking to read that people are dying and the government does nothing.
the fly in the web 14 July 2012 at 06:27
Since the 70s...when there was concern for people...the elite have considered the rest of the people as not worth bothering about.
This is beginning to change with the spread of internet and the government's response has been to try to muzzle the press and whistleblowers.
Luckily there is a constitutional court which won't stand for it...we're about to live in interesting times.
Life, Laughter and Paris 14 July 2012 at 18:39
Yikes! We're having major problems with the bridges and inner city structure in Montreal. Huge pieces of road collapsing - but now these problems seem small - so far no lives lost. That's a terrible situation in Costa Rica. Keep safe!
the fly in the web 14 July 2012 at 20:26
Costa Rica to the rescue...when the transpotrt department find the bridges they have allegedly vought we'll send you some!
Vest 5 August 2012 at 21:27
January 1977 saw the last Baily bridge to be built in the Sydney NSW AUS Suburbs as a result of the 'Granville train disaster' when an early morning commuter train swayed into pylon of the former bridge.
the fly in the web 6 August 2012 at 16:58
I reckon Costa Rica must be a retirement home for Bailey bridges... | [
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Himachal health minister's resignation accepted - Yahoo! News India
Himachal health minister's resignation acceptedBy Indo Asian News Service | IANS India Private Limited – Wed 4 Jul, 2012
Shimla, July 4 (IANS) Himachal Pradesh Governor Urmila Singh Wednesday accepted the resignation of Health Minister Rajeev Bindal.
Bindal, who has been appointed general secretary of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), resigned as cabinet minister a few days ago to take up his new assignment.
Chief Minister Prem Kumar Dhumal told reporters here that the health portfolio would be looked after by Irrigation and Public Health Minister Ravinder Ravi.
Bindal, facing allegations of corruption, quit after a segment of his own party demanded his resignation to project a clean image of the government ahead of assembly elections this year.
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Gary Moore Caroline – The Importance Of Mentoring Others. – Gary Moore Caroline
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