Synthesis of beta-mannosides using the transglycosylation activity of endo-beta-mannosidase from Lilium longiflorum.
Endo-beta-mannosidase is an endoglycosidase that hydrolyzes only the Man beta 1-4GlcNAc linkage of the core region of N-linked sugar chains. Recently, endo-beta-mannosidase was purified to homogeneity from Lilium longiflorum (Lily) flowers, its corresponding gene was cloned and important catalytic amino acid residues were identified [Ishimizu T., Sasaki A., Okutani S., Maeda M., Yamagishi M. & Hase S. (2004) J. Biol. Chem.279, 38555-38562]. In the presence of Man beta 1-4GlcNAc beta 1-4GlcNAc-peptides as a donor substrate and p-nitrophenyl beta-N-acetylglucosaminide as an acceptor substrate, the enzyme transferred mannose to the acceptor substrate by a beta1-4-linkage regio-specifically and stereo-specifically to give Man beta 1-4GlcNAc beta 1-pNP as a transfer product. Further studies indicated that not only p-nitrophenyl beta-N-acetylglucosaminide but also p-nitrophenyl beta-glucoside and p-nitrophenyl beta-mannoside worked as acceptor substrates, however, p-nitrophenyl beta-N-acetylgalactosaminide did not work, indicating that the configuration of the hydroxyl group at the C4 position of an acceptor is important. Besides mannose, oligomannoses were also transferred. In the presence of (Man)(n)Man alpha 1-6Man beta 1-4GlcNAc beta 1-4GlcNAc-peptides (n = 0-2) and pyridylamino GlcNAc beta 1-4GlcNAc, the enzyme transferred (Man)(n)Man alpha 1-6Man en bloc to the acceptor substrate to produce pyridylamino (Man)(n)Man alpha 1-6Man beta 1-4GlcNAc beta 1-4GlcNAc (n =0-2). Thus, the lily endo-beta-mannosidase is useful for the enzymatic preparation of oligosaccharides containing the mannosyl beta 1,4-structure, chemical preparations of which have been frequently reported to be difficult.