Official implementation for "Break-A-Scene: Extracting Multiple Concepts from a Single Image" [SIGGRAPH Asia 2023]
"""
Copyright 2023 Google LLC

Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
You may obtain a copy of the License at

    https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.
"""

import argparse

from diffusers import DiffusionPipeline, DDIMScheduler
import torch


class BreakASceneInference:
    def __init__(self):
        self._parse_args()
        self._load_pipeline()

    def _parse_args(self):
        parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
        parser.add_argument("--model_path", type=str, required=True)
        parser.add_argument(
            "--prompt", type=str, default="a photo of <asset0> at the beach"
        )
        parser.add_argument("--output_path", type=str, default="outputs/result.jpg")
        parser.add_argument("--device", type=str, default="cuda")
        self.args = parser.parse_args()

    def _load_pipeline(self):
        self.pipeline = DiffusionPipeline.from_pretrained(
            self.args.model_path,
            torch_dtype=torch.float16,
        )
        self.pipeline.scheduler = DDIMScheduler(
            beta_start=0.00085,
            beta_end=0.012,
            beta_schedule="scaled_linear",
            clip_sample=False,
            set_alpha_to_one=False,
        )
        self.pipeline.to(self.args.device)

    @torch.no_grad()
    def infer_and_save(self, prompts):
        images = self.pipeline(prompts).images
        images[0].save(self.args.output_path)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    break_a_scene_inference = BreakASceneInference()
    break_a_scene_inference.infer_and_save(
        prompts=[break_a_scene_inference.args.prompt]
    )

inference.py
google/break-a-scene
"""
Copyright 2023 Google LLC

Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
You may obtain a copy of the License at

    https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.
"""

import abc

import cv2
import numpy as np
import torch

from PIL import Image
from typing import Union, Tuple, List, Dict, Optional
import torch.nn.functional as nnf


def text_under_image(
    image: np.ndarray, text: str, text_color: Tuple[int, int, int] = (0, 0, 0)
) -> np.ndarray:
    h, w, c = image.shape
    offset = int(h * 0.2)
    img = np.ones((h + offset, w, c), dtype=np.uint8) * 255
    font = cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX
    img[:h] = image
    textsize = cv2.getTextSize(text, font, 1, 2)[0]
    text_x, text_y = (w - textsize[0]) // 2, h + offset - textsize[1] // 2
    cv2.putText(img, text, (text_x, text_y), font, 1, text_color, 2)
    return img


def view_images(
    images: Union[np.ndarray, List],
    num_rows: int = 1,
    offset_ratio: float = 0.02,
    display_image: bool = True,
) -> Image.Image:
    """Displays a list of images in a grid."""
    if type(images) is list:
        num_empty = len(images) % num_rows
    elif images.ndim == 4:
        num_empty = images.shape[0] % num_rows
    else:
        images = [images]
        num_empty = 0

    empty_images = np.ones(images[0].shape, dtype=np.uint8) * 255
    images = [image.astype(np.uint8) for image in images] + [empty_images] * num_empty
    num_items = len(images)

    h, w, c = images[0].shape
    offset = int(h * offset_ratio)
    num_cols = num_items // num_rows
    image_ = (
        np.ones(
            (
                h * num_rows + offset * (num_rows - 1),
                w * num_cols + offset * (num_cols - 1),
                3,
            ),
            dtype=np.uint8,
        )
        * 255
    )
    for i in range(num_rows):
        for j in range(num_cols):
            image_[
                i * (h + offset) : i * (h + offset) + h :,
                j * (w + offset) : j * (w + offset) + w,
            ] = images[i * num_cols + j]

    pil_img = Image.fromarray(image_)

    return pil_img


class AttentionControl(abc.ABC):
    def step_callback(self, x_t):
        return x_t

    def between_steps(self):
        return

    @property
    def num_uncond_att_layers(self):
        return 0

    @abc.abstractmethod
    def forward(self, attn, is_cross: bool, place_in_unet: str):
        raise NotImplementedError

    def __call__(self, attn, is_cross: bool, place_in_unet: str):
        if self.cur_att_layer >= self.num_uncond_att_layers:
            h = attn.shape[0]
            attn[h // 2 :] = self.forward(attn[h // 2 :], is_cross, place_in_unet)
        self.cur_att_layer += 1
        if self.cur_att_layer == self.num_att_layers + self.num_uncond_att_layers:
            self.cur_att_layer = 0
            self.cur_step += 1
            self.between_steps()
        return attn

    def reset(self):
        self.cur_step = 0
        self.cur_att_layer = 0

    def __init__(self):
        self.cur_step = 0
        self.num_att_layers = -1
        self.cur_att_layer = 0


class EmptyControl(AttentionControl):
    def forward(self, attn, is_cross: bool, place_in_unet: str):
        return attn


class AttentionStore(AttentionControl):
    @staticmethod
    def get_empty_store():
        return {
            "down_cross": [],
            "mid_cross": [],
            "up_cross": [],
            "down_self": [],
            "mid_self": [],
            "up_self": [],
        }

    def forward(self, attn, is_cross: bool, place_in_unet: str):
        key = f"{place_in_unet}_{'cross' if is_cross else 'self'}"
        if attn.shape[1] <= 32**2:
            self.step_store[key].append(attn)
        return attn

    def between_steps(self):
        if len(self.attention_store) == 0:
            self.attention_store = self.step_store
        else:
            for key in self.attention_store:
                for i in range(len(self.attention_store[key])):
                    self.attention_store[key][i] += self.step_store[key][i]
        self.step_store = self.get_empty_store()

    def get_average_attention(self):
        average_attention = {
            key: [item / self.cur_step for item in self.attention_store[key]]
            for key in self.attention_store
        }
        return average_attention

    def reset(self):
        super(AttentionStore, self).reset()
        self.step_store = self.get_empty_store()
        self.attention_store = {}

    def __init__(self):
        super(AttentionStore, self).__init__()
        self.step_store = self.get_empty_store()
        self.attention_store = {}


class LocalBlend:
    def __call__(self, x_t, attention_store):
        k = 1
        maps = attention_store["down_cross"][2:4] + attention_store["up_cross"][:3]
        maps = [
            item.reshape(self.alpha_layers.shape[0], -1, 1, 16, 16, self.max_num_words)
            for item in maps
        ]
        maps = torch.cat(maps, dim=1)
        maps = (maps * self.alpha_layers).sum(-1).mean(1)
        mask = nnf.max_pool2d(maps, (k * 2 + 1, k * 2 + 1), (1, 1), padding=(k, k))
        mask = nnf.interpolate(mask, size=(x_t.shape[2:]))
        mask = mask / mask.max(2, keepdims=True)[0].max(3, keepdims=True)[0]
        mask = mask.gt(self.threshold)
        mask = (mask[:1] + mask[1:]).float()
        x_t = x_t[:1] + mask * (x_t - x_t[:1])
        return x_t

    def __init__(
        self,
        prompts: List[str],
        words: [List[List[str]]],
        tokenizer,
        device,
        threshold=0.3,
        max_num_words=77,
    ):
        self.max_num_words = 77

        alpha_layers = torch.zeros(len(prompts), 1, 1, 1, 1, self.max_num_words)
        for i, (prompt, words_) in enumerate(zip(prompts, words)):
            if type(words_) is str:
                words_ = [words_]
            for word in words_:
                ind = get_word_inds(prompt, word, tokenizer)
                alpha_layers[i, :, :, :, :, ind] = 1
        self.alpha_layers = alpha_layers.to(device)
        self.threshold = threshold


class AttentionControlEdit(AttentionStore, abc.ABC):
    def step_callback(self, x_t):
        if self.local_blend is not None:
            x_t = self.local_blend(x_t, self.attention_store)
        return x_t

    def replace_self_attention(self, attn_base, att_replace):
        if att_replace.shape[2] <= 16**2:
            return attn_base.unsqueeze(0).expand(att_replace.shape[0], *attn_base.shape)
        else:
            return att_replace

    @abc.abstractmethod
    def replace_cross_attention(self, attn_base, att_replace):
        raise NotImplementedError

    def forward(self, attn, is_cross: bool, place_in_unet: str):
        super(AttentionControlEdit, self).forward(attn, is_cross, place_in_unet)

        if is_cross or (
            self.num_self_replace[0] <= self.cur_step < self.num_self_replace[1]
        ):
            h = attn.shape[0] // (self.batch_size)
            attn = attn.reshape(self.batch_size, h, *attn.shape[1:])
            attn_base, attn_repalce = attn[0], attn[1:]
            if is_cross:
                alpha_words = self.cross_replace_alpha[self.cur_step]
                attn_repalce_new = (
                    self.replace_cross_attention(attn_base, attn_repalce) * alpha_words
                    + (1 - alpha_words) * attn_repalce
                )
                attn[1:] = attn_repalce_new
            else:
                attn[1:] = self.replace_self_attention(attn_base, attn_repalce)
            attn = attn.reshape(self.batch_size * h, *attn.shape[2:])
        return attn

    def __init__(
        self,
        prompts,
        num_steps: int,
        cross_replace_steps: Union[
            float, Tuple[float, float], Dict[str, Tuple[float, float]]
        ],
        self_replace_steps: Union[float, Tuple[float, float]],
        local_blend: Optional[LocalBlend],
        tokenizer,
        device,
    ):
        super(AttentionControlEdit, self).__init__()

        self.tokenizer = tokenizer
        self.device = device

        self.batch_size = len(prompts)
        self.cross_replace_alpha = get_time_words_attention_alpha(
            prompts, num_steps, cross_replace_steps, self.tokenizer
        ).to(self.device)
        if type(self_replace_steps) is float:
            self_replace_steps = 0, self_replace_steps
        self.num_self_replace = int(num_steps * self_replace_steps[0]), int(
            num_steps * self_replace_steps[1]
        )
        self.local_blend = local_blend


class AttentionReplace(AttentionControlEdit):
    def replace_cross_attention(self, attn_base, att_replace):
        return torch.einsum("hpw,bwn->bhpn", attn_base, self.mapper)

    def __init__(
        self,
        prompts,
        num_steps: int,
        cross_replace_steps: float,
        self_replace_steps: float,
        local_blend: Optional[LocalBlend] = None,
        tokenizer=None,
        device=None,
    ):
        super(AttentionReplace, self).__init__(
            prompts,
            num_steps,
            cross_replace_steps,
            self_replace_steps,
            local_blend,
            tokenizer,
            device,
        )
        self.mapper = get_replacement_mapper(prompts, self.tokenizer).to(self.device)


class AttentionRefine(AttentionControlEdit):
    def replace_cross_attention(self, attn_base, att_replace):
        attn_base_replace = attn_base[:, :, self.mapper].permute(2, 0, 1, 3)
        attn_replace = attn_base_replace * self.alphas + att_replace * (1 - self.alphas)
        return attn_replace

    def __init__(
        self,
        prompts,
        num_steps: int,
        cross_replace_steps: float,
        self_replace_steps: float,
        local_blend: Optional[LocalBlend] = None,
        tokenizer=None,
        device=None,
    ):
        super(AttentionRefine, self).__init__(
            prompts,
            num_steps,
            cross_replace_steps,
            self_replace_steps,
            local_blend,
            tokenizer,
            device,
        )
        self.mapper, alphas = get_refinement_mapper(prompts, self.tokenizer)
        self.mapper, alphas = self.mapper.to(self.device), alphas.to(self.device)
        self.alphas = alphas.reshape(alphas.shape[0], 1, 1, alphas.shape[1])


class AttentionReweight(AttentionControlEdit):
    def replace_cross_attention(self, attn_base, att_replace):
        if self.prev_controller is not None:
            attn_base = self.prev_controller.replace_cross_attention(
                attn_base, att_replace
            )
        attn_replace = attn_base[None, :, :, :] * self.equalizer[:, None, None, :]
        return attn_replace

    def __init__(
        self,
        prompts,
        num_steps: int,
        cross_replace_steps: float,
        self_replace_steps: float,
        equalizer,
        local_blend: Optional[LocalBlend] = None,
        controller: Optional[AttentionControlEdit] = None,
        tokenizer=None,
        device=None,
    ):
        super(AttentionReweight, self).__init__(
            prompts,
            num_steps,
            cross_replace_steps,
            self_replace_steps,
            local_blend,
            tokenizer,
            device,
        )
        self.equalizer = equalizer.to(self.device)
        self.prev_controller = controller


def get_equalizer(
    text: str,
    word_select: Union[int, Tuple[int, ...]],
    values: Union[List[float], Tuple[float, ...]],
    tokenizer,
):
    if type(word_select) is int or type(word_select) is str:
        word_select = (word_select,)
    equalizer = torch.ones(len(values), 77)
    values = torch.tensor(values, dtype=torch.float32)
    for word in word_select:
        inds = get_word_inds(text, word, tokenizer)
        equalizer[:, inds] = values
    return equalizer


def update_alpha_time_word(
    alpha,
    bounds: Union[float, Tuple[float, float]],
    prompt_ind: int,
    word_inds: Optional[torch.Tensor] = None,
):
    if type(bounds) is float:
        bounds = 0, bounds
    start, end = int(bounds[0] * alpha.shape[0]), int(bounds[1] * alpha.shape[0])
    if word_inds is None:
        word_inds = torch.arange(alpha.shape[2])
    alpha[:start, prompt_ind, word_inds] = 0
    alpha[start:end, prompt_ind, word_inds] = 1
    alpha[end:, prompt_ind, word_inds] = 0
    return alpha


def get_time_words_attention_alpha(
    prompts,
    num_steps,
    cross_replace_steps: Union[float, Dict[str, Tuple[float, float]]],
    tokenizer,
    max_num_words=77,
):
    if type(cross_replace_steps) is not dict:
        cross_replace_steps = {"default_": cross_replace_steps}
    if "default_" not in cross_replace_steps:
        cross_replace_steps["default_"] = (0.0, 1.0)
    alpha_time_words = torch.zeros(num_steps + 1, len(prompts) - 1, max_num_words)
    for i in range(len(prompts) - 1):
        alpha_time_words = update_alpha_time_word(
            alpha_time_words, cross_replace_steps["default_"], i
        )
    for key, item in cross_replace_steps.items():
        if key != "default_":
            inds = [
                get_word_inds(prompts[i], key, tokenizer)
                for i in range(1, len(prompts))
            ]
            for i, ind in enumerate(inds):
                if len(ind) > 0:
                    alpha_time_words = update_alpha_time_word(
                        alpha_time_words, item, i, ind
                    )
    alpha_time_words = alpha_time_words.reshape(
        num_steps + 1, len(prompts) - 1, 1, 1, max_num_words
    )
    return alpha_time_words


class ScoreParams:
    def __init__(self, gap, match, mismatch):
        self.gap = gap
        self.match = match
        self.mismatch = mismatch

    def mis_match_char(self, x, y):
        if x != y:
            return self.mismatch
        else:
            return self.match


def get_matrix(size_x, size_y, gap):
    matrix = []
    for i in range(len(size_x) + 1):
        sub_matrix = []
        for j in range(len(size_y) + 1):
            sub_matrix.append(0)
        matrix.append(sub_matrix)
    for j in range(1, len(size_y) + 1):
        matrix[0][j] = j * gap
    for i in range(1, len(size_x) + 1):
        matrix[i][0] = i * gap
    return matrix


def get_matrix(size_x, size_y, gap):
    matrix = np.zeros((size_x + 1, size_y + 1), dtype=np.int32)
    matrix[0, 1:] = (np.arange(size_y) + 1) * gap
    matrix[1:, 0] = (np.arange(size_x) + 1) * gap
    return matrix


def get_traceback_matrix(size_x, size_y):
    matrix = np.zeros((size_x + 1, size_y + 1), dtype=np.int32)
    matrix[0, 1:] = 1
    matrix[1:, 0] = 2
    matrix[0, 0] = 4
    return matrix


def global_align(x, y, score):
    matrix = get_matrix(len(x), len(y), score.gap)
    trace_back = get_traceback_matrix(len(x), len(y))
    for i in range(1, len(x) + 1):
        for j in range(1, len(y) + 1):
            left = matrix[i, j - 1] + score.gap
            up = matrix[i - 1, j] + score.gap
            diag = matrix[i - 1, j - 1] + score.mis_match_char(x[i - 1], y[j - 1])
            matrix[i, j] = max(left, up, diag)
            if matrix[i, j] == left:
                trace_back[i, j] = 1
            elif matrix[i, j] == up:
                trace_back[i, j] = 2
            else:
                trace_back[i, j] = 3
    return matrix, trace_back


def get_aligned_sequences(x, y, trace_back):
    x_seq = []
    y_seq = []
    i = len(x)
    j = len(y)
    mapper_y_to_x = []
    while i > 0 or j > 0:
        if trace_back[i, j] == 3:
            x_seq.append(x[i - 1])
            y_seq.append(y[j - 1])
            i = i - 1
            j = j - 1
            mapper_y_to_x.append((j, i))
        elif trace_back[i][j] == 1:
            x_seq.append("-")
            y_seq.append(y[j - 1])
            j = j - 1
            mapper_y_to_x.append((j, -1))
        elif trace_back[i][j] == 2:
            x_seq.append(x[i - 1])
            y_seq.append("-")
            i = i - 1
        elif trace_back[i][j] == 4:
            break
    mapper_y_to_x.reverse()
    return x_seq, y_seq, torch.tensor(mapper_y_to_x, dtype=torch.int64)


def get_mapper(x: str, y: str, tokenizer, max_len=77):
    x_seq = tokenizer.encode(x)
    y_seq = tokenizer.encode(y)
    score = ScoreParams(0, 1, -1)
    matrix, trace_back = global_align(x_seq, y_seq, score)
    mapper_base = get_aligned_sequences(x_seq, y_seq, trace_back)[-1]
    alphas = torch.ones(max_len)
    alphas[: mapper_base.shape[0]] = mapper_base[:, 1].ne(-1).float()
    mapper = torch.zeros(max_len, dtype=torch.int64)
    mapper[: mapper_base.shape[0]] = mapper_base[:, 1]
    mapper[mapper_base.shape[0] :] = len(y_seq) + torch.arange(max_len - len(y_seq))
    return mapper, alphas


def get_refinement_mapper(prompts, tokenizer, max_len=77):
    x_seq = prompts[0]
    mappers, alphas = [], []
    for i in range(1, len(prompts)):
        mapper, alpha = get_mapper(x_seq, prompts[i], tokenizer, max_len)
        mappers.append(mapper)
        alphas.append(alpha)
    return torch.stack(mappers), torch.stack(alphas)


def get_word_inds(text: str, word_place: int, tokenizer):
    split_text = text.split(" ")
    if type(word_place) is str:
        word_place = [i for i, word in enumerate(split_text) if word_place == word]
    elif type(word_place) is int:
        word_place = [word_place]
    out = []
    if len(word_place) > 0:
        words_encode = [
            tokenizer.decode([item]).strip("#") for item in tokenizer.encode(text)
        ][1:-1]
        cur_len, ptr = 0, 0

        for i in range(len(words_encode)):
            cur_len += len(words_encode[i])
            if ptr in word_place:
                out.append(i + 1)
            if cur_len >= len(split_text[ptr]):
                ptr += 1
                cur_len = 0
    return np.array(out)


def get_replacement_mapper_(x: str, y: str, tokenizer, max_len=77):
    words_x = x.split(" ")
    words_y = y.split(" ")
    if len(words_x) != len(words_y):
        raise ValueError(
            f"attention replacement edit can only be applied on prompts with the same length"
            f" but prompt A has {len(words_x)} words and prompt B has {len(words_y)} words."
        )
    inds_replace = [i for i in range(len(words_y)) if words_y[i] != words_x[i]]
    inds_source = [get_word_inds(x, i, tokenizer) for i in inds_replace]
    inds_target = [get_word_inds(y, i, tokenizer) for i in inds_replace]
    mapper = np.zeros((max_len, max_len))
    i = j = 0
    cur_inds = 0
    while i < max_len and j < max_len:
        if cur_inds < len(inds_source) and inds_source[cur_inds][0] == i:
            inds_source_, inds_target_ = inds_source[cur_inds], inds_target[cur_inds]
            if len(inds_source_) == len(inds_target_):
                mapper[inds_source_, inds_target_] = 1
            else:
                ratio = 1 / len(inds_target_)
                for i_t in inds_target_:
                    mapper[inds_source_, i_t] = ratio
            cur_inds += 1
            i += len(inds_source_)
            j += len(inds_target_)
        elif cur_inds < len(inds_source):
            mapper[i, j] = 1
            i += 1
            j += 1
        else:
            mapper[j, j] = 1
            i += 1
            j += 1

    return torch.from_numpy(mapper).float()


def get_replacement_mapper(prompts, tokenizer, max_len=77):
    x_seq = prompts[0]
    mappers = []
    for i in range(1, len(prompts)):
        mapper = get_replacement_mapper_(x_seq, prompts[i], tokenizer, max_len)
        mappers.append(mapper)
    return torch.stack(mappers)

ptp_utils.py
google/break-a-scene
"""
Copyright 2023 Google LLC

Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
You may obtain a copy of the License at

    https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.
"""

import argparse
import hashlib
import itertools
import logging
import math
import os
import warnings
from pathlib import Path
from typing import List, Optional
import random

import torch
import torch.nn.functional as F
import torchvision.transforms.functional as TF
import torch.utils.checkpoint
from torch.utils.data import Dataset
import numpy as np

import datasets
import diffusers
import transformers
from accelerate import Accelerator
from accelerate.logging import get_logger
from accelerate.utils import set_seed
from diffusers import (
    AutoencoderKL,
    DDPMScheduler,
    DiffusionPipeline,
    UNet2DConditionModel,
    DDIMScheduler,
)
from diffusers.optimization import get_scheduler
from diffusers.utils import check_min_version
from diffusers.utils.import_utils import is_xformers_available
from huggingface_hub import HfFolder, Repository, create_repo, whoami
from PIL import Image
from torchvision import transforms
from tqdm.auto import tqdm
from transformers import AutoTokenizer, PretrainedConfig
import ptp_utils
from ptp_utils import AttentionStore
from diffusers.models.cross_attention import CrossAttention

check_min_version("0.12.0")

logger = get_logger(__name__)


def import_model_class_from_model_name_or_path(
    pretrained_model_name_or_path: str, revision: str
):
    text_encoder_config = PretrainedConfig.from_pretrained(
        pretrained_model_name_or_path,
        subfolder="text_encoder",
        revision=revision,
    )
    model_class = text_encoder_config.architectures[0]

    if model_class == "CLIPTextModel":
        from transformers import CLIPTextModel

        return CLIPTextModel
    elif model_class == "RobertaSeriesModelWithTransformation":
        from diffusers.pipelines.alt_diffusion.modeling_roberta_series import (
            RobertaSeriesModelWithTransformation,
        )

        return RobertaSeriesModelWithTransformation
    else:
        raise ValueError(f"{model_class} is not supported.")


def parse_args(input_args=None):
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Simple example of a training script.")
    parser.add_argument(
        "--pretrained_model_name_or_path",
        type=str,
        default="stabilityai/stable-diffusion-2-1-base",
        help="Path to pretrained model or model identifier from huggingface.co/models.",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--revision",
        type=str,
        default=None,
        required=False,
        help=(
            "Revision of pretrained model identifier from huggingface.co/models. Trainable model components should be"
            " float32 precision."
        ),
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--tokenizer_name",
        type=str,
        default=None,
        help="Pretrained tokenizer name or path if not the same as model_name",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--instance_data_dir",
        type=str,
        default=None,
        required=True,
        help="A folder containing the training data of instance images.",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--class_data_dir",
        type=str,
        default=None,
        required=False,
        help="A folder containing the training data of class images.",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--class_prompt",
        type=str,
        default="a photo at the beach",
        help="The prompt to specify images in the same class as provided instance images.",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--no_prior_preservation",
        action="store_false",
        help="Flag to add prior preservation loss.",
        dest="with_prior_preservation"
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--prior_loss_weight",
        type=float,
        default=1.0,
        help="The weight of prior preservation loss.",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--num_class_images",
        type=int,
        default=100,
        help=(
            "Minimal class images for prior preservation loss. If there are not enough images already present in"
            " class_data_dir, additional images will be sampled with class_prompt."
        ),
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--output_dir",
        type=str,
        default="outputs",
        help="The output directory where the model predictions and checkpoints will be written.",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--seed", type=int, default=None, help="A seed for reproducible training."
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--resolution",
        type=int,
        default=512,
        help=(
            "The resolution for input images, all the images in the train/validation dataset will be resized to this"
            " resolution"
        ),
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--center_crop",
        default=False,
        action="store_true",
        help=(
            "Whether to center crop the input images to the resolution. If not set, the images will be randomly"
            " cropped. The images will be resized to the resolution first before cropping."
        ),
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--no_train_text_encoder",
        action="store_false",
        help="Whether to train the text encoder. If set, the text encoder should be float32 precision.",
        dest="train_text_encoder"
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--train_batch_size",
        type=int,
        default=1,
        help="Batch size (per device) for the training dataloader.",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--sample_batch_size",
        type=int,
        default=4,
        help="Batch size (per device) for sampling images.",
    )
    parser.add_argument("--num_train_epochs", type=int, default=1)
    parser.add_argument(
        "--phase1_train_steps",
        type=int,
        default="400",
        help="Number of trainig steps for the first phase.",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--phase2_train_steps",
        type=int,
        default="400",
        help="Number of trainig steps for the second phase.",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--checkpointing_steps",
        type=int,
        default=5000,
        help=(
            "Save a checkpoint of the training state every X updates. These checkpoints can be used both as final"
            " checkpoints in case they are better than the last checkpoint, and are also suitable for resuming"
            " training using `--resume_from_checkpoint`."
        ),
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--resume_from_checkpoint",
        type=str,
        default=None,
        help=(
            "Whether training should be resumed from a previous checkpoint. Use a path saved by"
            ' `--checkpointing_steps`, or `"latest"` to automatically select the last available checkpoint.'
        ),
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--gradient_accumulation_steps",
        type=int,
        default=1,
        help="Number of updates steps to accumulate before performing a backward/update pass.",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--gradient_checkpointing",
        action="store_true",
        help="Whether or not to use gradient checkpointing to save memory at the expense of slower backward pass.",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--learning_rate",
        type=float,
        default=2e-6,
        help="Initial learning rate (after the potential warmup period) to use.",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--initial_learning_rate",
        type=float,
        default=5e-4,
        help="The LR for the Textual Inversion steps.",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--scale_lr",
        action="store_true",
        default=False,
        help="Scale the learning rate by the number of GPUs, gradient accumulation steps, and batch size.",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--lr_scheduler",
        type=str,
        default="constant",
        help=(
            'The scheduler type to use. Choose between ["linear", "cosine", "cosine_with_restarts", "polynomial",'
            ' "constant", "constant_with_warmup"]'
        ),
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--lr_warmup_steps",
        type=int,
        default=0,
        help="Number of steps for the warmup in the lr scheduler.",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--lr_num_cycles",
        type=int,
        default=1,
        help="Number of hard resets of the lr in cosine_with_restarts scheduler.",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--lr_power",
        type=float,
        default=1.0,
        help="Power factor of the polynomial scheduler.",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--use_8bit_adam",
        action="store_true",
        help="Whether or not to use 8-bit Adam from bitsandbytes.",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--dataloader_num_workers",
        type=int,
        default=0,
        help=(
            "Number of subprocesses to use for data loading. 0 means that the data will be loaded in the main process."
        ),
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--adam_beta1",
        type=float,
        default=0.9,
        help="The beta1 parameter for the Adam optimizer.",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--adam_beta2",
        type=float,
        default=0.999,
        help="The beta2 parameter for the Adam optimizer.",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--adam_weight_decay", type=float, default=1e-2, help="Weight decay to use."
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--adam_epsilon",
        type=float,
        default=1e-08,
        help="Epsilon value for the Adam optimizer",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--max_grad_norm", default=1.0, type=float, help="Max gradient norm."
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--hub_token",
        type=str,
        default=None,
        help="The token to use to push to the Model Hub.",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--hub_model_id",
        type=str,
        default=None,
        help="The name of the repository to keep in sync with the local `output_dir`.",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--logging_dir",
        type=str,
        default="logs",
        help=(
            "[TensorBoard](https://www.tensorflow.org/tensorboard) log directory. Will default to"
            " *output_dir/runs/**CURRENT_DATETIME_HOSTNAME***."
        ),
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--allow_tf32",
        action="store_true",
        help=(
            "Whether or not to allow TF32 on Ampere GPUs. Can be used to speed up training. For more information, see"
            " https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/notes/cuda.html#tensorfloat-32-tf32-on-ampere-devices"
        ),
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--report_to",
        type=str,
        default="tensorboard",
        help=(
            'The integration to report the results and logs to. Supported platforms are `"tensorboard"`'
            ' (default), `"wandb"` and `"comet_ml"`. Use `"all"` to report to all integrations.'
        ),
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--mixed_precision",
        type=str,
        default="fp16",
        choices=["no", "fp16", "bf16"],
        help=(
            "Whether to use mixed precision. Choose between fp16 and bf16 (bfloat16). Bf16 requires PyTorch >="
            " 1.10.and an Nvidia Ampere GPU.  Default to the value of accelerate config of the current system or the"
            " flag passed with the `accelerate.launch` command. Use this argument to override the accelerate config."
        ),
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--prior_generation_precision",
        type=str,
        default=None,
        choices=["no", "fp32", "fp16", "bf16"],
        help=(
            "Choose prior generation precision between fp32, fp16 and bf16 (bfloat16). Bf16 requires PyTorch >="
            " 1.10.and an Nvidia Ampere GPU.  Default to  fp16 if a GPU is available else fp32."
        ),
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--local_rank",
        type=int,
        default=-1,
        help="For distributed training: local_rank",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--enable_xformers_memory_efficient_attention",
        action="store_true",
        help="Whether or not to use xformers.",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--set_grads_to_none",
        action="store_true",
        help=(
            "Save more memory by using setting grads to None instead of zero. Be aware, that this changes certain"
            " behaviors, so disable this argument if it causes any problems. More info:"
            " https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/generated/torch.optim.Optimizer.zero_grad.html"
        ),
    )
    parser.add_argument("--lambda_attention", type=float, default=1e-2)
    parser.add_argument("--img_log_steps", type=int, default=200)
    parser.add_argument("--num_of_assets", type=int, default=1)
    parser.add_argument("--initializer_tokens", type=str, nargs="+", default=[])
    parser.add_argument(
        "--placeholder_token",
        type=str,
        default="<asset>",
        help="A token to use as a placeholder for the concept.",
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--do_not_apply_masked_loss",
        action="store_false",
        help="Use masked loss instead of standard epsilon prediciton loss",
        dest="apply_masked_loss"
    )
    parser.add_argument(
        "--log_checkpoints",
        action="store_true",
        help="Indicator to log intermediate model checkpoints",
    )

    if input_args is not None:
        args = parser.parse_args(input_args)
    else:
        args = parser.parse_args()

    assert len(args.initializer_tokens) == 0 or len(args.initializer_tokens) == args.num_of_assets
    args.max_train_steps = args.phase1_train_steps + args.phase2_train_steps

    env_local_rank = int(os.environ.get("LOCAL_RANK", -1))
    if env_local_rank != -1 and env_local_rank != args.local_rank:
        args.local_rank = env_local_rank

    if args.with_prior_preservation:
        if args.class_data_dir is None:
            raise ValueError("You must specify a data directory for class images.")
        if args.class_prompt is None:
            raise ValueError("You must specify prompt for class images.")
    else:
        # logger is not available yet
        if args.class_data_dir is not None:
            warnings.warn(
                "You need not use --class_data_dir without --with_prior_preservation."
            )
        if args.class_prompt is not None:
            warnings.warn(
                "You need not use --class_prompt without --with_prior_preservation."
            )

    return args


class DreamBoothDataset(Dataset):
    """
    A dataset to prepare the instance and class images with the prompts for fine-tuning the model.
    It pre-processes the images and the tokenizes prompts.
    """

    def __init__(
        self,
        instance_data_root,
        placeholder_tokens,
        tokenizer,
        class_data_root=None,
        class_prompt=None,
        size=512,
        center_crop=False,
        num_of_assets=1,
        flip_p=0.5,
    ):
        self.size = size
        self.center_crop = center_crop
        self.tokenizer = tokenizer
        self.flip_p = flip_p

        self.image_transforms = transforms.Compose(
            [
                transforms.ToTensor(),
                transforms.Normalize([0.5], [0.5]),
            ]
        )
        self.mask_transforms = transforms.Compose(
            [
                transforms.ToTensor(),
            ]
        )

        self.instance_data_root = Path(instance_data_root)
        if not self.instance_data_root.exists():
            raise ValueError(
                f"Instance {self.instance_data_root} images root doesn't exists."
            )

        self.placeholder_tokens = placeholder_tokens

        instance_img_path = os.path.join(instance_data_root, "img.jpg")
        self.instance_image = self.image_transforms(Image.open(instance_img_path))

        self.instance_masks = []
        for i in range(num_of_assets):
            instance_mask_path = os.path.join(instance_data_root, f"mask{i}.png")
            curr_mask = Image.open(instance_mask_path)
            curr_mask = self.mask_transforms(curr_mask)[0, None, None, ...]
            self.instance_masks.append(curr_mask)
        self.instance_masks = torch.cat(self.instance_masks)

        self._length = 1

        if class_data_root is not None:
            self.class_data_root = Path(class_data_root)
            self.class_data_root.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
            self.class_images_path = list(self.class_data_root.iterdir())
            self.num_class_images = len(self.class_images_path)
            self._length = max(self.num_class_images, self._length)
            self.class_prompt = class_prompt
        else:
            self.class_data_root = None

    def __len__(self):
        return self._length

    def __getitem__(self, index):
        example = {}

        num_of_tokens = random.randrange(1, len(self.placeholder_tokens) + 1)
        tokens_ids_to_use = random.sample(
            range(len(self.placeholder_tokens)), k=num_of_tokens
        )
        tokens_to_use = [self.placeholder_tokens[tkn_i] for tkn_i in tokens_ids_to_use]
        prompt = "a photo of " + " and ".join(tokens_to_use)

        example["instance_images"] = self.instance_image
        example["instance_masks"] = self.instance_masks[tokens_ids_to_use]
        example["token_ids"] = torch.tensor(tokens_ids_to_use)

        if random.random() > self.flip_p:
            example["instance_images"] = TF.hflip(example["instance_images"])
            example["instance_masks"] = TF.hflip(example["instance_masks"])

        example["instance_prompt_ids"] = self.tokenizer(
            prompt,
            truncation=True,
            padding="max_length",
            max_length=self.tokenizer.model_max_length,
            return_tensors="pt",
        ).input_ids

        if self.class_data_root:
            class_image = Image.open(
                self.class_images_path[index % self.num_class_images]
            )
            if not class_image.mode == "RGB":
                class_image = class_image.convert("RGB")
            example["class_images"] = self.image_transforms(class_image)
            example["class_prompt_ids"] = self.tokenizer(
                self.class_prompt,
                truncation=True,
                padding="max_length",
                max_length=self.tokenizer.model_max_length,
                return_tensors="pt",
            ).input_ids

        return example


def collate_fn(examples, with_prior_preservation=False):
    input_ids = [example["instance_prompt_ids"] for example in examples]
    pixel_values = [example["instance_images"] for example in examples]
    masks = [example["instance_masks"] for example in examples]
    token_ids = [example["token_ids"] for example in examples]

    if with_prior_preservation:
        input_ids = [example["class_prompt_ids"] for example in examples] + input_ids
        pixel_values = [example["class_images"] for example in examples] + pixel_values

    pixel_values = torch.stack(pixel_values)
    pixel_values = pixel_values.to(memory_format=torch.contiguous_format).float()

    input_ids = torch.cat(input_ids, dim=0)
    masks = torch.stack(masks)
    token_ids = torch.stack(token_ids)

    batch = {
        "input_ids": input_ids,
        "pixel_values": pixel_values,
        "instance_masks": masks,
        "token_ids": token_ids,
    }
    return batch


class PromptDataset(Dataset):
    "A simple dataset to prepare the prompts to generate class images on multiple GPUs."

    def __init__(self, prompt, num_samples):
        self.prompt = prompt
        self.num_samples = num_samples

    def __len__(self):
        return self.num_samples

    def __getitem__(self, index):
        example = {}
        example["prompt"] = self.prompt
        example["index"] = index
        return example


def get_full_repo_name(
    model_id: str, organization: Optional[str] = None, token: Optional[str] = None
):
    if token is None:
        token = HfFolder.get_token()
    if organization is None:
        username = whoami(token)["name"]
        return f"{username}/{model_id}"
    else:
        return f"{organization}/{model_id}"


class SpatialDreambooth:
    def __init__(self):
        self.args = parse_args()
        self.main()

    def main(self):
        logging_dir = Path(self.args.output_dir, self.args.logging_dir)

        self.accelerator = Accelerator(
            gradient_accumulation_steps=self.args.gradient_accumulation_steps,
            mixed_precision=self.args.mixed_precision,
            log_with=self.args.report_to,
            logging_dir=logging_dir,
        )

        if (
            self.args.train_text_encoder
            and self.args.gradient_accumulation_steps > 1
            and self.accelerator.num_processes > 1
        ):
            raise ValueError(
                "Gradient accumulation is not supported when training the text encoder in distributed training. "
                "Please set gradient_accumulation_steps to 1. This feature will be supported in the future."
            )

        logging.basicConfig(
            format="%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(name)s - %(message)s",
            datefmt="%m/%d/%Y %H:%M:%S",
            level=logging.INFO,
        )
        logger.info(self.accelerator.state, main_process_only=False)
        if self.accelerator.is_local_main_process:
            datasets.utils.logging.set_verbosity_warning()
            transformers.utils.logging.set_verbosity_warning()
            diffusers.utils.logging.set_verbosity_info()
        else:
            datasets.utils.logging.set_verbosity_error()
            transformers.utils.logging.set_verbosity_error()
            diffusers.utils.logging.set_verbosity_error()

        # If passed along, set the training seed now.
        if self.args.seed is not None:
            set_seed(self.args.seed)

        # Generate class images if prior preservation is enabled.
        if self.args.with_prior_preservation:
            class_images_dir = Path(self.args.class_data_dir)
            if not class_images_dir.exists():
                class_images_dir.mkdir(parents=True)
            cur_class_images = len(list(class_images_dir.iterdir()))

            if cur_class_images < self.args.num_class_images:
                torch_dtype = (
                    torch.float16
                    if self.accelerator.device.type == "cuda"
                    else torch.float32
                )
                if self.args.prior_generation_precision == "fp32":
                    torch_dtype = torch.float32
                elif self.args.prior_generation_precision == "fp16":
                    torch_dtype = torch.float16
                elif self.args.prior_generation_precision == "bf16":
                    torch_dtype = torch.bfloat16
                pipeline = DiffusionPipeline.from_pretrained(
                    self.args.pretrained_model_name_or_path,
                    torch_dtype=torch_dtype,
                    safety_checker=None,
                    revision=self.args.revision,
                )
                pipeline.set_progress_bar_config(disable=True)

                num_new_images = self.args.num_class_images - cur_class_images
                logger.info(f"Number of class images to sample: {num_new_images}.")

                sample_dataset = PromptDataset(self.args.class_prompt, num_new_images)
                sample_dataloader = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(
                    sample_dataset, batch_size=self.args.sample_batch_size
                )

                sample_dataloader = self.accelerator.prepare(sample_dataloader)
                pipeline.to(self.accelerator.device)

                for example in tqdm(
                    sample_dataloader,
                    desc="Generating class images",
                    disable=not self.accelerator.is_local_main_process,
                ):
                    images = pipeline(example["prompt"]).images

                    for i, image in enumerate(images):
                        hash_image = hashlib.sha1(image.tobytes()).hexdigest()
                        image_filename = (
                            class_images_dir
                            / f"{example['index'][i] + cur_class_images}-{hash_image}.jpg"
                        )
                        image.save(image_filename)

                del pipeline
                if torch.cuda.is_available():
                    torch.cuda.empty_cache()

        # Handle the repository creation
        if self.accelerator.is_main_process:
            os.makedirs(self.args.output_dir, exist_ok=True)

        # import correct text encoder class
        text_encoder_cls = import_model_class_from_model_name_or_path(
            self.args.pretrained_model_name_or_path, self.args.revision
        )

        # Load scheduler and models
        self.noise_scheduler = DDPMScheduler.from_pretrained(
            self.args.pretrained_model_name_or_path, subfolder="scheduler"
        )
        self.text_encoder = text_encoder_cls.from_pretrained(
            self.args.pretrained_model_name_or_path,
            subfolder="text_encoder",
            revision=self.args.revision,
        )
        self.vae = AutoencoderKL.from_pretrained(
            self.args.pretrained_model_name_or_path,
            subfolder="vae",
            revision=self.args.revision,
        )
        self.unet = UNet2DConditionModel.from_pretrained(
            self.args.pretrained_model_name_or_path,
            subfolder="unet",
            revision=self.args.revision,
        )

        # Load the tokenizer
        if self.args.tokenizer_name:
            self.tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(
                self.args.tokenizer_name, revision=self.args.revision, use_fast=False
            )
        elif self.args.pretrained_model_name_or_path:
            self.tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(
                self.args.pretrained_model_name_or_path,
                subfolder="tokenizer",
                revision=self.args.revision,
                use_fast=False,
            )

        # Add assets tokens to tokenizer
        self.placeholder_tokens = [
            self.args.placeholder_token.replace(">", f"{idx}>")
            for idx in range(self.args.num_of_assets)
        ]
        num_added_tokens = self.tokenizer.add_tokens(self.placeholder_tokens)
        assert num_added_tokens == self.args.num_of_assets
        self.placeholder_token_ids = self.tokenizer.convert_tokens_to_ids(
            self.placeholder_tokens
        )
        self.text_encoder.resize_token_embeddings(len(self.tokenizer))
        self.args.instance_prompt = "a photo of " + " and ".join(
            self.placeholder_tokens
        )

        if len(self.args.initializer_tokens) > 0:
            # Use initializer tokens
            token_embeds = self.text_encoder.get_input_embeddings().weight.data
            for tkn_idx, initializer_token in enumerate(self.args.initializer_tokens):
                curr_token_ids = self.tokenizer.encode(
                    initializer_token, add_special_tokens=False
                )
                # assert (len(curr_token_ids)) == 1
                token_embeds[self.placeholder_token_ids[tkn_idx]] = token_embeds[
                    curr_token_ids[0]
                ]
        else:
            # Initialize new tokens randomly
            token_embeds = self.text_encoder.get_input_embeddings().weight.data
            token_embeds[-self.args.num_of_assets :] = token_embeds[
                -3 * self.args.num_of_assets : -2 * self.args.num_of_assets
            ]

        # Set validation scheduler for logging
        self.validation_scheduler = DDIMScheduler(
            beta_start=0.00085,
            beta_end=0.012,
            beta_schedule="scaled_linear",
            clip_sample=False,
            set_alpha_to_one=False,
        )
        self.validation_scheduler.set_timesteps(50)

        # We start by only optimizing the embeddings
        self.vae.requires_grad_(False)
        self.unet.requires_grad_(False)
        # Freeze all parameters except for the token embeddings in text encoder
        self.text_encoder.text_model.encoder.requires_grad_(False)
        self.text_encoder.text_model.final_layer_norm.requires_grad_(False)
        self.text_encoder.text_model.embeddings.position_embedding.requires_grad_(False)

        if self.args.enable_xformers_memory_efficient_attention:
            if is_xformers_available():
                self.unet.enable_xformers_memory_efficient_attention()
            else:
                raise ValueError(
                    "xformers is not available. Make sure it is installed correctly"
                )

        if self.args.gradient_checkpointing:
            self.unet.enable_gradient_checkpointing()
            if self.args.train_text_encoder:
                self.text_encoder.gradient_checkpointing_enable()

        if self.args.allow_tf32:
            torch.backends.cuda.matmul.allow_tf32 = True

        if self.args.scale_lr:
            self.args.learning_rate = (
                self.args.learning_rate
                * self.args.gradient_accumulation_steps
                * self.args.train_batch_size
                * self.accelerator.num_processes
            )

        if self.args.use_8bit_adam:
            try:
                import bitsandbytes as bnb
            except ImportError:
                raise ImportError(
                    "To use 8-bit Adam, please install the bitsandbytes library: `pip install bitsandbytes`."
                )

            optimizer_class = bnb.optim.AdamW8bit
        else:
            optimizer_class = torch.optim.AdamW

        # We start by only optimizing the embeddings
        params_to_optimize = self.text_encoder.get_input_embeddings().parameters()
        optimizer = optimizer_class(
            params_to_optimize,
            lr=self.args.initial_learning_rate,
            betas=(self.args.adam_beta1, self.args.adam_beta2),
            weight_decay=self.args.adam_weight_decay,
            eps=self.args.adam_epsilon,
        )

        # Dataset and DataLoaders creation:
        train_dataset = DreamBoothDataset(
            instance_data_root=self.args.instance_data_dir,
            placeholder_tokens=self.placeholder_tokens,
            class_data_root=self.args.class_data_dir
            if self.args.with_prior_preservation
            else None,
            class_prompt=self.args.class_prompt,
            tokenizer=self.tokenizer,
            size=self.args.resolution,
            center_crop=self.args.center_crop,
            num_of_assets=self.args.num_of_assets,
        )

        train_dataloader = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(
            train_dataset,
            batch_size=self.args.train_batch_size,
            shuffle=True,
            collate_fn=lambda examples: collate_fn(
                examples, self.args.with_prior_preservation
            ),
            num_workers=self.args.dataloader_num_workers,
        )

        # Scheduler and math around the number of training steps.
        overrode_max_train_steps = False
        num_update_steps_per_epoch = math.ceil(
            len(train_dataloader) / self.args.gradient_accumulation_steps
        )
        if self.args.max_train_steps is None:
            self.args.max_train_steps = (
                self.args.num_train_epochs * num_update_steps_per_epoch
            )
            overrode_max_train_steps = True

        lr_scheduler = get_scheduler(
            self.args.lr_scheduler,
            optimizer=optimizer,
            num_warmup_steps=self.args.lr_warmup_steps
            * self.args.gradient_accumulation_steps,
            num_training_steps=self.args.max_train_steps
            * self.args.gradient_accumulation_steps,
            num_cycles=self.args.lr_num_cycles,
            power=self.args.lr_power,
        )

        (
            self.unet,
            self.text_encoder,
            optimizer,
            train_dataloader,
            lr_scheduler,
        ) = self.accelerator.prepare(
            self.unet, self.text_encoder, optimizer, train_dataloader, lr_scheduler
        )

        # For mixed precision training we cast the text_encoder and vae weights to half-precision
        # as these models are only used for inference, keeping weights in full precision is not required.
        self.weight_dtype = torch.float32
        if self.accelerator.mixed_precision == "fp16":
            self.weight_dtype = torch.float16
        elif self.accelerator.mixed_precision == "bf16":
            self.weight_dtype = torch.bfloat16

        # Move vae and text_encoder to device and cast to weight_dtype
        self.vae.to(self.accelerator.device, dtype=self.weight_dtype)

        low_precision_error_string = (
            "Please make sure to always have all model weights in full float32 precision when starting training - even if"
            " doing mixed precision training. copy of the weights should still be float32."
        )

        if self.accelerator.unwrap_model(self.unet).dtype != torch.float32:
            raise ValueError(
                f"Unet loaded as datatype {self.accelerator.unwrap_model(self.unet).dtype}. {low_precision_error_string}"
            )

        if (
            self.args.train_text_encoder
            and self.accelerator.unwrap_model(self.text_encoder).dtype != torch.float32
        ):
            raise ValueError(
                f"Text encoder loaded as datatype {self.accelerator.unwrap_model(self.text_encoder).dtype}."
                f" {low_precision_error_string}"
            )

        # We need to recalculate our total training steps as the size of the training dataloader may have changed.
        num_update_steps_per_epoch = math.ceil(
            len(train_dataloader) / self.args.gradient_accumulation_steps
        )
        if overrode_max_train_steps:
            self.args.max_train_steps = (
                self.args.num_train_epochs * num_update_steps_per_epoch
            )
        # Afterwards we recalculate our number of training epochs
        self.args.num_train_epochs = math.ceil(
            self.args.max_train_steps / num_update_steps_per_epoch
        )

        if len(self.args.initializer_tokens) > 0:
            # Only for logging
            self.args.initializer_tokens = ", ".join(self.args.initializer_tokens)

        # We need to initialize the trackers we use, and also store our configuration.
        # The trackers initializes automatically on the main process.
        if self.accelerator.is_main_process:
            self.accelerator.init_trackers("dreambooth", config=vars(self.args))

        # Train
        total_batch_size = (
            self.args.train_batch_size
            * self.accelerator.num_processes
            * self.args.gradient_accumulation_steps
        )

        logger.info("***** Running training *****")
        logger.info(f"  Num examples = {len(train_dataset)}")
        logger.info(f"  Num batches each epoch = {len(train_dataloader)}")
        logger.info(f"  Num Epochs = {self.args.num_train_epochs}")
        logger.info(
            f"  Instantaneous batch size per device = {self.args.train_batch_size}"
        )
        logger.info(
            f"  Total train batch size (w. parallel, distributed & accumulation) = {total_batch_size}"
        )
        logger.info(
            f"  Gradient Accumulation steps = {self.args.gradient_accumulation_steps}"
        )
        logger.info(f"  Total optimization steps = {self.args.max_train_steps}")
        global_step = 0
        first_epoch = 0

        # Potentially load in the weights and states from a previous save
        if self.args.resume_from_checkpoint:
            if self.args.resume_from_checkpoint != "latest":
                path = os.path.basename(self.args.resume_from_checkpoint)
            else:
                # Get the mos recent checkpoint
                dirs = os.listdir(self.args.output_dir)
                dirs = [d for d in dirs if d.startswith("checkpoint")]
                dirs = sorted(dirs, key=lambda x: int(x.split("-")[1]))
                path = dirs[-1] if len(dirs) > 0 else None

            if path is None:
                self.accelerator.print(
                    f"Checkpoint '{self.args.resume_from_checkpoint}' does not exist. Starting a new training run."
                )
                self.args.resume_from_checkpoint = None
            else:
                self.accelerator.print(f"Resuming from checkpoint {path}")
                self.accelerator.load_state(os.path.join(self.args.output_dir, path))
                global_step = int(path.split("-")[1])

                resume_global_step = global_step * self.args.gradient_accumulation_steps
                first_epoch = global_step // num_update_steps_per_epoch
                resume_step = resume_global_step % (
                    num_update_steps_per_epoch * self.args.gradient_accumulation_steps
                )

        # Only show the progress bar once on each machine.
        progress_bar = tqdm(
            range(global_step, self.args.max_train_steps),
            disable=not self.accelerator.is_local_main_process,
        )
        progress_bar.set_description("Steps")

        # keep original embeddings as reference
        orig_embeds_params = (
            self.accelerator.unwrap_model(self.text_encoder)
            .get_input_embeddings()
            .weight.data.clone()
        )

        # Create attention controller
        self.controller = AttentionStore()
        self.register_attention_control(self.controller)

        for epoch in range(first_epoch, self.args.num_train_epochs):
            self.unet.train()
            if self.args.train_text_encoder:
                self.text_encoder.train()
            for step, batch in enumerate(train_dataloader):
                if self.args.phase1_train_steps == global_step:
                    self.unet.requires_grad_(True)
                    if self.args.train_text_encoder:
                        self.text_encoder.requires_grad_(True)
                    unet_params = self.unet.parameters()

                    params_to_optimize = (
                        itertools.chain(unet_params, self.text_encoder.parameters())
                        if self.args.train_text_encoder
                        else itertools.chain(
                            unet_params,
                            self.text_encoder.get_input_embeddings().parameters(),
                        )
                    )
                    del optimizer
                    optimizer = optimizer_class(
                        params_to_optimize,
                        lr=self.args.learning_rate,
                        betas=(self.args.adam_beta1, self.args.adam_beta2),
                        weight_decay=self.args.adam_weight_decay,
                        eps=self.args.adam_epsilon,
                    )
                    del lr_scheduler
                    lr_scheduler = get_scheduler(
                        self.args.lr_scheduler,
                        optimizer=optimizer,
                        num_warmup_steps=self.args.lr_warmup_steps
                        * self.args.gradient_accumulation_steps,
                        num_training_steps=self.args.max_train_steps
                        * self.args.gradient_accumulation_steps,
                        num_cycles=self.args.lr_num_cycles,
                        power=self.args.lr_power,
                    )
                    optimizer, lr_scheduler = self.accelerator.prepare(
                        optimizer, lr_scheduler
                    )

                logs = {}

                # Skip steps until we reach the resumed step
                if (
                    self.args.resume_from_checkpoint
                    and epoch == first_epoch
                    and step < resume_step
                ):
                    if step % self.args.gradient_accumulation_steps == 0:
                        progress_bar.update(1)
                    continue

                with self.accelerator.accumulate(self.unet):
                    # Convert images to latent space
                    latents = self.vae.encode(
                        batch["pixel_values"].to(dtype=self.weight_dtype)
                    ).latent_dist.sample()
                    latents = latents * 0.18215

                    # Sample noise that we'll add to the latents
                    noise = torch.randn_like(latents)
                    bsz = latents.shape[0]
                    # Sample a random timestep for each image
                    timesteps = torch.randint(
                        0,
                        self.noise_scheduler.config.num_train_timesteps,
                        (bsz,),
                        device=latents.device,
                    )
                    timesteps = timesteps.long()

                    # Add noise to the latents according to the noise magnitude at each timestep
                    # (this is the forward diffusion process)
                    noisy_latents = self.noise_scheduler.add_noise(
                        latents, noise, timesteps
                    )

                    # Get the text embedding for conditioning
                    encoder_hidden_states = self.text_encoder(batch["input_ids"])[0]

                    # Predict the noise residual
                    model_pred = self.unet(
                        noisy_latents, timesteps, encoder_hidden_states
                    ).sample

                    # Get the target for loss depending on the prediction type
                    if self.noise_scheduler.config.prediction_type == "epsilon":
                        target = noise
                    elif self.noise_scheduler.config.prediction_type == "v_prediction":
                        target = self.noise_scheduler.get_velocity(
                            latents, noise, timesteps
                        )
                    else:
                        raise ValueError(
                            f"Unknown prediction type {self.noise_scheduler.config.prediction_type}"
                        )

                    if self.args.with_prior_preservation:
                        # Chunk the noise and model_pred into two parts and compute the loss on each part separately.
                        model_pred_prior, model_pred = torch.chunk(model_pred, 2, dim=0)
                        target_prior, target = torch.chunk(target, 2, dim=0)

                        if self.args.apply_masked_loss:
                            max_masks = torch.max(
                                batch["instance_masks"], axis=1
                            ).values
                            downsampled_mask = F.interpolate(
                                input=max_masks, size=(64, 64)
                            )
                            model_pred = model_pred * downsampled_mask
                            target = target * downsampled_mask

                        # Compute instance loss
                        loss = F.mse_loss(
                            model_pred.float(), target.float(), reduction="mean"
                        )

                        # Compute prior loss
                        prior_loss = F.mse_loss(
                            model_pred_prior.float(),
                            target_prior.float(),
                            reduction="mean",
                        )

                        # Add the prior loss to the instance loss.
                        loss = loss + self.args.prior_loss_weight * prior_loss
                    else:
                        if self.args.apply_masked_loss:
                            max_masks = torch.max(
                                batch["instance_masks"], axis=1
                            ).values
                            downsampled_mask = F.interpolate(
                                input=max_masks, size=(64, 64)
                            )
                            model_pred = model_pred * downsampled_mask
                            target = target * downsampled_mask
                        loss = F.mse_loss(
                            model_pred.float(), target.float(), reduction="mean"
                        )

                    # Attention loss
                    if self.args.lambda_attention != 0:
                        attn_loss = 0
                        for batch_idx in range(self.args.train_batch_size):
                            GT_masks = F.interpolate(
                                input=batch["instance_masks"][batch_idx], size=(16, 16)
                            )
                            agg_attn = self.aggregate_attention(
                                res=16,
                                from_where=("up", "down"),
                                is_cross=True,
                                select=batch_idx,
                            )
                            curr_cond_batch_idx = self.args.train_batch_size + batch_idx

                            for mask_id in range(len(GT_masks)):
                                curr_placeholder_token_id = self.placeholder_token_ids[
                                    batch["token_ids"][batch_idx][mask_id]
                                ]

                                asset_idx = (
                                    (
                                        batch["input_ids"][curr_cond_batch_idx]
                                        == curr_placeholder_token_id
                                    )
                                    .nonzero()
                                    .item()
                                )
                                asset_attn_mask = agg_attn[..., asset_idx]
                                asset_attn_mask = (
                                    asset_attn_mask / asset_attn_mask.max()
                                )
                                attn_loss += F.mse_loss(
                                    GT_masks[mask_id, 0].float(),
                                    asset_attn_mask.float(),
                                    reduction="mean",
                                )

                        attn_loss = self.args.lambda_attention * (
                            attn_loss / self.args.train_batch_size
                        )
                        logs["attn_loss"] = attn_loss.detach().item()
                        loss += attn_loss

                    self.accelerator.backward(loss)

                    # No need to keep the attention store
                    self.controller.attention_store = {}
                    self.controller.cur_step = 0

                    if self.accelerator.sync_gradients:
                        params_to_clip = (
                            itertools.chain(
                                self.unet.parameters(), self.text_encoder.parameters()
                            )
                            if self.args.train_text_encoder
                            else self.unet.parameters()
                        )
                        self.accelerator.clip_grad_norm_(
                            params_to_clip, self.args.max_grad_norm
                        )
                    optimizer.step()
                    lr_scheduler.step()
                    optimizer.zero_grad(set_to_none=self.args.set_grads_to_none)

                    if global_step < self.args.phase1_train_steps:
                        # Let's make sure we don't update any embedding weights besides the newly added token
                        with torch.no_grad():
                            self.accelerator.unwrap_model(
                                self.text_encoder
                            ).get_input_embeddings().weight[
                                : -self.args.num_of_assets
                            ] = orig_embeds_params[
                                : -self.args.num_of_assets
                            ]

                # Checks if the accelerator has performed an optimization step behind the scenes
                if self.accelerator.sync_gradients:
                    progress_bar.update(1)
                    global_step += 1

                    if global_step % self.args.checkpointing_steps == 0:
                        if self.accelerator.is_main_process:
                            save_path = os.path.join(
                                self.args.output_dir, f"checkpoint-{global_step}"
                            )
                            self.accelerator.save_state(save_path)
                            logger.info(f"Saved state to {save_path}")

                    if (
                        self.args.log_checkpoints
                        and global_step % self.args.img_log_steps == 0
                        and global_step > self.args.phase1_train_steps
                    ):
                        ckpts_path = os.path.join(
                            self.args.output_dir, "checkpoints", f"{global_step:05}"
                        )
                        os.makedirs(ckpts_path, exist_ok=True)
                        self.save_pipeline(ckpts_path)

                        img_logs_path = os.path.join(self.args.output_dir, "img_logs")
                        os.makedirs(img_logs_path, exist_ok=True)

                        if self.args.lambda_attention != 0:
                            self.controller.cur_step = 1
                            last_sentence = batch["input_ids"][curr_cond_batch_idx]
                            last_sentence = last_sentence[
                                (last_sentence != 0)
                                & (last_sentence != 49406)
                                & (last_sentence != 49407)
                            ]
                            last_sentence = self.tokenizer.decode(last_sentence)
                            self.save_cross_attention_vis(
                                last_sentence,
                                attention_maps=agg_attn.detach().cpu(),
                                path=os.path.join(
                                    img_logs_path, f"{global_step:05}_step_attn.jpg"
                                ),
                            )
                        self.controller.cur_step = 0
                        self.controller.attention_store = {}

                        self.perform_full_inference(
                            path=os.path.join(
                                img_logs_path, f"{global_step:05}_full_pred.jpg"
                            )
                        )
                        full_agg_attn = self.aggregate_attention(
                            res=16, from_where=("up", "down"), is_cross=True, select=0
                        )
                        self.save_cross_attention_vis(
                            self.args.instance_prompt,
                            attention_maps=full_agg_attn.detach().cpu(),
                            path=os.path.join(
                                img_logs_path, f"{global_step:05}_full_attn.jpg"
                            ),
                        )
                        self.controller.cur_step = 0
                        self.controller.attention_store = {}

                logs["loss"] = loss.detach().item()
                logs["lr"] = lr_scheduler.get_last_lr()[0]
                progress_bar.set_postfix(**logs)
                self.accelerator.log(logs, step=global_step)

                if global_step >= self.args.max_train_steps:
                    break

        self.save_pipeline(self.args.output_dir)

        self.accelerator.end_training()

    def save_pipeline(self, path):
        self.accelerator.wait_for_everyone()
        if self.accelerator.is_main_process:
            pipeline = DiffusionPipeline.from_pretrained(
                self.args.pretrained_model_name_or_path,
                unet=self.accelerator.unwrap_model(self.unet),
                text_encoder=self.accelerator.unwrap_model(self.text_encoder),
                tokenizer=self.tokenizer,
                revision=self.args.revision,
            )
            pipeline.save_pretrained(path)

    def register_attention_control(self, controller):
        attn_procs = {}
        cross_att_count = 0
        for name in self.unet.attn_processors.keys():
            cross_attention_dim = (
                None
                if name.endswith("attn1.processor")
                else self.unet.config.cross_attention_dim
            )
            if name.startswith("mid_block"):
                hidden_size = self.unet.config.block_out_channels[-1]
                place_in_unet = "mid"
            elif name.startswith("up_blocks"):
                block_id = int(name[len("up_blocks.")])
                hidden_size = list(reversed(self.unet.config.block_out_channels))[
                    block_id
                ]
                place_in_unet = "up"
            elif name.startswith("down_blocks"):
                block_id = int(name[len("down_blocks.")])
                hidden_size = self.unet.config.block_out_channels[block_id]
                place_in_unet = "down"
            else:
                continue
            cross_att_count += 1
            attn_procs[name] = P2PCrossAttnProcessor(
                controller=controller, place_in_unet=place_in_unet
            )

        self.unet.set_attn_processor(attn_procs)
        controller.num_att_layers = cross_att_count

    def get_average_attention(self):
        average_attention = {
            key: [
                item / self.controller.cur_step
                for item in self.controller.attention_store[key]
            ]
            for key in self.controller.attention_store
        }
        return average_attention

    def aggregate_attention(
        self, res: int, from_where: List[str], is_cross: bool, select: int
    ):
        out = []
        attention_maps = self.get_average_attention()
        num_pixels = res**2
        for location in from_where:
            for item in attention_maps[f"{location}_{'cross' if is_cross else 'self'}"]:
                if item.shape[1] == num_pixels:
                    cross_maps = item.reshape(
                        self.args.train_batch_size, -1, res, res, item.shape[-1]
                    )[select]
                    out.append(cross_maps)
        out = torch.cat(out, dim=0)
        out = out.sum(0) / out.shape[0]
        return out

    @torch.no_grad()
    def perform_full_inference(self, path, guidance_scale=7.5):
        self.unet.eval()
        self.text_encoder.eval()

        latents = torch.randn((1, 4, 64, 64), device=self.accelerator.device)
        uncond_input = self.tokenizer(
            [""],
            padding="max_length",
            max_length=self.tokenizer.model_max_length,
            return_tensors="pt",
        ).to(self.accelerator.device)
        input_ids = self.tokenizer(
            [self.args.instance_prompt],
            padding="max_length",
            truncation=True,
            max_length=self.tokenizer.model_max_length,
            return_tensors="pt",
        ).input_ids.to(self.accelerator.device)
        cond_embeddings = self.text_encoder(input_ids)[0]
        uncond_embeddings = self.text_encoder(uncond_input.input_ids)[0]
        text_embeddings = torch.cat([uncond_embeddings, cond_embeddings])

        for t in self.validation_scheduler.timesteps:
            latent_model_input = torch.cat([latents] * 2)
            latent_model_input = self.validation_scheduler.scale_model_input(
                latent_model_input, timestep=t
            )

            pred = self.unet(
                latent_model_input, t, encoder_hidden_states=text_embeddings
            )
            noise_pred = pred.sample

            noise_pred_uncond, noise_pred_text = noise_pred.chunk(2)
            noise_pred = noise_pred_uncond + guidance_scale * (
                noise_pred_text - noise_pred_uncond
            )

            latents = self.validation_scheduler.step(noise_pred, t, latents).prev_sample
        latents = 1 / 0.18215 * latents

        images = self.vae.decode(latents.to(self.weight_dtype)).sample
        images = (images / 2 + 0.5).clamp(0, 1)
        images = images.detach().cpu().permute(0, 2, 3, 1).numpy()
        images = (images * 255).round().astype("uint8")

        self.unet.train()
        if self.args.train_text_encoder:
            self.text_encoder.train()

        Image.fromarray(images[0]).save(path)

    @torch.no_grad()
    def save_cross_attention_vis(self, prompt, attention_maps, path):
        tokens = self.tokenizer.encode(prompt)
        images = []
        for i in range(len(tokens)):
            image = attention_maps[:, :, i]
            image = 255 * image / image.max()
            image = image.unsqueeze(-1).expand(*image.shape, 3)
            image = image.numpy().astype(np.uint8)
            image = np.array(Image.fromarray(image).resize((256, 256)))
            image = ptp_utils.text_under_image(
                image, self.tokenizer.decode(int(tokens[i]))
            )
            images.append(image)
        vis = ptp_utils.view_images(np.stack(images, axis=0))
        vis.save(path)

class P2PCrossAttnProcessor:
    def __init__(self, controller, place_in_unet):
        super().__init__()
        self.controller = controller
        self.place_in_unet = place_in_unet

    def __call__(
        self,
        attn: CrossAttention,
        hidden_states,
        encoder_hidden_states=None,
        attention_mask=None,
    ):
        batch_size, sequence_length, _ = hidden_states.shape
        attention_mask = attn.prepare_attention_mask(attention_mask, sequence_length)

        query = attn.to_q(hidden_states)

        is_cross = encoder_hidden_states is not None
        encoder_hidden_states = (
            encoder_hidden_states
            if encoder_hidden_states is not None
            else hidden_states
        )
        key = attn.to_k(encoder_hidden_states)
        value = attn.to_v(encoder_hidden_states)

        query = attn.head_to_batch_dim(query)
        key = attn.head_to_batch_dim(key)
        value = attn.head_to_batch_dim(value)

        attention_probs = attn.get_attention_scores(query, key, attention_mask)

        # one line change
        self.controller(attention_probs, is_cross, self.place_in_unet)

        hidden_states = torch.bmm(attention_probs, value)
        hidden_states = attn.batch_to_head_dim(hidden_states)

        # linear proj
        hidden_states = attn.to_out[0](hidden_states)
        # dropout
        hidden_states = attn.to_out[1](hidden_states)

        return hidden_states


if __name__ == "__main__":
    SpatialDreambooth()

train.py
google/break-a-scene