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What is Python? | Python is a high-level, interpreted programming language known for its simplicity and readability. |
How do you declare a variable in Python? | You declare a variable by assigning a value using '=' (e.g., x = 10). |
What are Python鈥檚 key features? | Python is dynamically typed, interpreted, object-oriented, and supports multiple paradigms. |
What is PEP 8? | PEP 8 is the official style guide for Python code to improve code readability. |
How do you comment in Python? | You can comment using '#' for single-line and triple quotes for multi-line comments. |
What are Python's data types? | Common data types include int, float, str, list, tuple, dict, set, and bool. |
What is a list in Python? | A list is an ordered, mutable collection of elements enclosed in square brackets. |
What is a tuple? | A tuple is an ordered, immutable collection of elements enclosed in parentheses. |
What is the difference between a list and a tuple? | Lists are mutable, while tuples are immutable. |
What is a dictionary in Python? | A dictionary is an unordered collection of key-value pairs enclosed in curly braces. |
How do you create a dictionary? | You create a dictionary using: my_dict = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25}. |
What is the difference between del and remove in lists? | 'del' removes an element by index, while 'remove' removes by value. |
What is slicing in Python? | Slicing extracts parts of sequences using [start:end:step] notation. |
How do you reverse a list? | You can reverse a list using list[::-1] or list.reverse(). |
What is the difference between 'is' and '=='? | 'is' checks object identity, while '==' checks value equality. |
How do you iterate over a dictionary? | You iterate using a loop: for key, value in dict.items(): |
What is a set in Python? | A set is an unordered collection of unique elements. |
What is a lambda function? | A lambda function is an anonymous, single-expression function: lambda x: x * 2. |
How do you define a function in Python? | Use the 'def' keyword: def my_function(): |
What is the purpose of the return statement? | The return statement exits a function and returns a value. |
What is recursion in Python? | Recursion is when a function calls itself. |
What are *args and **kwargs? | *args allows variable positional arguments, **kwargs allows variable keyword arguments. |
What is list comprehension? | List comprehension provides a concise way to create lists. |
What is a generator in Python? | Generators yield values one at a time using the 'yield' keyword. |
What is the difference between deep copy and shallow copy? | A shallow copy copies references, while a deep copy creates a new independent object. |
What is an exception in Python? | An exception is an error that occurs during program execution. |
How do you handle exceptions? | Use try-except blocks to handle exceptions. |
What is the difference between 'try-except' and 'try-finally'? | 'try-except' handles errors; 'try-finally' ensures cleanup code runs. |
What is Python鈥檚 with statement? | The 'with' statement manages resources automatically, like file handling. |
What is a module in Python? | A module is a Python file containing reusable code. |
What are Python packages? | A package is a collection of modules. |
How do you install external packages? | Use 'pip install package_name' to install external packages. |
What is the difference between Python 2 and Python 3? | Python 3 improved syntax and Unicode handling over Python 2. |
What is an iterator? | An iterator is an object with a __next__() method. |
What is a Python decorator? | A decorator modifies functions or methods dynamically. |
What is monkey patching? | Monkey patching dynamically changes a module or class at runtime. |
What is the difference between staticmethod and classmethod? | staticmethod doesn鈥檛 access the instance; classmethod operates on the class. |
What is the purpose of the __init__ method? | __init__ initializes an instance of a class. |
What is self in Python classes? | 'self' refers to the instance of the class. |
What is inheritance in Python? | Inheritance allows a class to inherit methods from a parent class. |
What is multiple inheritance? | Multiple inheritance allows a class to inherit from multiple parents. |
What is polymorphism? | Polymorphism allows different classes to use the same interface. |
What is encapsulation? | Encapsulation restricts direct access to object attributes. |
What is an abstract class? | An abstract class has at least one abstract method and cannot be instantiated. |
What is the purpose of super()? | super() calls a method from the parent class. |
What is a metaclass in Python? | A metaclass defines how classes behave. |
What are magic methods in Python? | Magic methods (dunder methods) provide special functionalities, like __len__ or __add__. |
What is __str__ vs __repr__? | __str__ returns a user-friendly string, while __repr__ is for debugging. |
How do you work with files in Python? | Use open('file.txt', 'r') to open files in Python. |
How do you read a file line by line in Python? | Use a loop: 'for line in open('file.txt'):' to read line by line. |
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