Capacitors are essential for various electronic devices. In their most basic form, what is a capacitor, and how does it work? Please answer in a clear, concise paragraph, no more than 5 sentences, and include an example of a common type.
user
Capacitor是一种电子元件，用于存储和释放电荷。它由两个相对的导电板组成，中间隔着一层绝缘材料，称为电介质。当电压施加到导电板上时，它们会分别积累正负电荷，形成电场并储存能量。一旦外接电路联通，存储的电荷就会释放。例如，陶瓷电容器是一种常用的类型，因其稳定的性能和小体积而广泛应用于各种电路中。
assistant