acterial translocation (BT) is a process where bacteria can move from the intestinal lumen to other body sites, including lymph nodes, liver, and spleen. Can you explain the main mechanisms and factors that contribute to this process? Please provide a summary in 5 sentences or less and a bulleted list of 3 key factors.
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BT occurs when the intestinal barrier is compromised, allowing bacteria to cross the epithelial layer and enter the lymphatic or circulatory systems, leading to systemic infection or inflammation. Key factors include intestinal barrier dysfunction, immune system impairment, and microbial dysbiosis. 

- Intestinal barrier dysfunction: Damage to the tight junctions between intestinal epithelial cells can allow bacteria to penetrate the mucosal layer.
- Immune system impairment: A weakened immune response fails to effectively clear bacteria, facilitating their translocation.
- Microbial dysbiosis: Altered gut microbiota can promote the growth of pathogenic bacteria, increasing the risk of BT.
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