Bias is defind as?
Bias is any systemic error in the determination of the association between exposure and diseases. The relative risk estimate may increase or decrease as a result of the bias. It reflects some type of no compatibility between the study and control groups. Ref: 25th edition, Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, Page no. 81
Spurious association between two variables
A quantified relationship between exposure and disease
Systematic error in determination of association between exposure and disease
Statistical technique used to evaluate the effect of a treatment by comparing treated and non treated
Epidemiology