A newborn has a swelling in neck due to soft cystic mass with trans-illumination test positive. Diagnosis is?
Ans. (c) Cystic hygromaRef : Bailey & Love 26th ed. / 701CYSTIC HYGROMA/LYM PH ANGIOMA* Cystic hygromas are multiloculated cystic swelling Filled with clear lymph lined by endothelial cells* It results due to sequestration of a portion of the jugular lymph sac from the lymphatic system.* It is associated with Turners syndrome* Most cystic hygromas involve the lymphatic jugular sacs* MC site: Posterior neck region* Other common sites: Axilla, mediastinum, inguinal and retroperitoneal regions* Approximately 50% of them are present at birth.* It may show spontaneous regression* The cysts are filled with clear lymph and lined by a single layer of endothelium epithelium.Clinical Features* Usually manifests in the neonates or in early infancy (50% present at birth).* Prone to infection and hemorrhage within the mass.* Usually present as soft masses that distort the surrounding anatomy, can result in acute airway obstruction.* Swelling is soft and partially compressible and invariably increases in size when the child coughs or cries.* Characteristic features: Brilliantly translucentDiagnosis: MRI plays a crucial role in preoperative planningTreatment: Complete surgical excision is the preferred treatment.Also Know* Usually manifests in the neonates or in early infancy presents in 5th decade with firm, rubbery, mobile mass.* Branchial cyst most commonly seen in older children or adolescents. However, all branchial remnants are present at the time of birth.
Potato tumor
Branchial cyst
Cystic hygroma
Carotid body tumor
Miscellaneous (Neck)