The screening test for neonatal hypothyroidism
Ans. (c) TSH and T4 assaysRef Harrison 17th edition Chapter 335* Neonatal hypothyroidism is due to thyroid gland dysgenesis in 80-85%, to inborn errors of thyroid hormone synthesis in 10-15%, and is TSH-R antibody-mediated in 5% of affected newborns.* Because of the severe neurologic consequences of untreated congenital hypothyroidism, neonatal screening programs have been established.* These are generally based on measurement of TSH or T4 levels in heel-prick blood specimens* When the diagnosis is confirmed, T4 is instituted at a dose of 10-15g/Kgper day, and the dose is adjusted by close monitoring of TSH levels.* T4 requirements are relatively great during the first year of life, and a high circulating T4 level is usually needed to normalize TSH.* Early treatment with T4 results in normal IQ levels, but subtle neurodevelopmental abnormalities may occur in those with the most severe hypothyroidism at diagnosis or when treatment is suboptimal
Blood iodine levels
Radioiodine uptake
TSH and T4 assays on heel prick blood sample
USG
Thyroid Gland