All are affected in dementia except -
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Consciousness o Dementia is a progressive generalized impairment of intellectual functions and memory without impairment of consciousness.o Dementia is a chronic organic mental disorder causing disturbances of higher cortical functions (Cortical dementia), except in subcortical dementias. Dementias are characterized by:-1) Impairment of memory:- Memory functions are mostly affected. Recent memory is affected at first with difficulty to learn new material. Later even remote memory is affected. Confabulation is common.2) Impairment of intellectualfunction:- Disorientation (particularly to time), impaired attention & concentration.3) Impairementt of thinking and judgement:- Thinking becomes slower and abstract thinking may be impaired. Delusions and paranoid thoughts may develop.4) Deterioration of personality and personal care - The patient becomes solvently in dress and demenour. Clothes become unkempt and stained and are not worn properly.5) Impairment of language:- There is difficulty in word finding and a reduced functional vocabulary in speech. Perseveration and echolalia can occur.6) Catastrophic reactions:- Some people with dementia overreact to a trivial setback or a minor criticism. This might involve them screaming, shouting, making unreasonable accusations, becoming very agitated or stubborn, or crying or laughing uncontrollably and inappropriately.o Characteristically there is no impairment of consciousness.
Consciousness
Memory
Judgment
Intellect
Dementia Due to Metabolic Causes