A hypeensive patient is found to have a paial obstruction of the renal aery due to an atherosclerotic plaque. The resultant decrease in blood flow causes the increased release of an enzyme from which of the following structures?
The juxtaglomerular cells are in the wall of the afferent aeriole, close to the glomerulus. In response to decreased blood pressure, they secrete renin, an enzyme that conves angiotensinogen to angiotensin I. Angiotensin conveing enzyme, found in the lungs, conves angiotensin I to angiotensin II. Angiotensin II increases peripheral vascular resistance directly and stimulates aldosterone secretion, resulting in increased reabsorption of sodium and water in the distal convoluted tubules. The afferent aeriole carries blood from the interlobular aeries to the glomerulus. Filtration of blood occurs in the glomerulus, with the filtrate entering Bowman's capsule. The arcuate aeries are branches of the interlobar aeries of the kidney. The arcuate aeries lie in the coicomedullary junction of the kidney and give rise to interlobular aeries, which enter the coex of the kidney and supply the glomeruli. Kupffer cells are found in the liver, along the sinusoids. They are phagocytic cells that are pa of the reticuloendothelial system.
Afferent aerioles
Arcuate aeries
Juxtaglomerular cells
Kupffer cells