Which of the following hormones can cause hyperglycemia without known effects on glycogen or gluconeogenesis?
Ans. A. ThyroxineThyroid hormones raise serum glucose levels, but the mechanism is unknown. Epinephrine and glucagon lead to acute hyperglycemic effects by activating liver phosphorylase and the release of glucose from glycogen through a cyclic AMP cascade effect. Glucocorticoids stimulate the liver to produce more gluconeogenic enzymes and promote protein breakdown to form amino acids. Glucocorticoid (a steroid hormone) and thyroxine exert chronic effects and act by binding to intracellular binding proteins (receptors) that eventually act as enhancers of transcription.
Thyroxine
Epinephrine
Glucocorticoids
Epidermal growth factor
Endocrinology