Passavant's ridge is formed by
It is a mucosal ridge raised by fibres of palatopharyngeus. It encircles the posterior and lateral walls of the nasopharyngeal isthmus.
Soft palate, during its contraction, makes firm contact with this ridge to cut off nasopharynx from the oropharynx during the deglutition or speech.
Superior constrictor and palatopharyngeus
Inferior constrictor and palatopharyngeus
Superior constrictor and palatoglossus
Inferior constrictor and palatoglossus