Bile strictures are seen in
Biliary strictures are most commonly present post operatively(80%),especially following laparoscopic cholecystectomy.It can also occur following open cholecystectomy,biliary surgery,gastrectomy,liver surgery,duodenal and pancreatic surgery. Choledocholithiasis(CBD stones) can lead to recurrent attacks of cholangitis and thereby biliary structures.But cholelithiasis cannot usually lead to CBD strictures. Biliary strictures can also occur following malignancy(cholangiocarcinoma) & worm infestations like Ascaris lumbricoides,Clonorchis sinensis. Reference:SRB's manual of surgery,5th edition,page no:657.
Cholelithiasis
Malignancy
Post operative
Worm infestation
G.I.T