In defining General Fertility Rate, the denominator is:
Ans. is 'b' i.e. Women between 15 and 49 years of ageRef Park 20th/e, p 419, 18th/e, p. 356 (17th/e p 333)General fertility rate (GFR):It is the number of live births per 1000 women in the reproductive age group (15-44 or 49 years) in a given year _ Number of live births in an area GFR=----------------------------------------- Midyear female population age 15-44 (or 49) in the same area in same yearAlso knowTotal fertility rate :Total fertility rate represents the average number of children a woman would have if she were to pass through her reproductive years bearing children at the same rates as the women now in each age groupThis measure gives the approximate magnitude of "completed family size "Gross reproduction rate (GRR):Average number of girls that would be bom to a married woman if she experiences the current fertility pattern throughout her reproductive span (15-44 or 49 year) assuming no mortality Net reproductive rate (NRR):NRR is defined as the number of daughters a newborn girl will bear during her lifetime assuming fixed age specific fertility and mortality rates.NRR is demographic indicator, the present level of NRR in India is 1.5 (1990).NRR of 1 is equivalent to attaining approximately the 2-child normThe govt, of India in 1983 adopted the policy of attaining a NRR of 1 by the year 1996 (now to be achieved by 2006)These types of questions where denominator is asked are one of the most often repeated questions in PG exams. These are the one of the easiest questions but quite often confusing because of the large number of statistical formulas.I have listed down most of the imp. Epidemiological formulas. Have a look at them and stress on the denominators.Birth Rate =(no. of live birth during the yr/mid yr population) x 1000Crude Death Rate =(no. of deaths during the yr/mid yr population) x1000General Fertility Rate =(no. of live birth during the yr/mid yr female population age 15-44) x 1000General Marital Fertility Rate =(no. of live births during the yr/mid yr married female population) x 1000Case Fatality Rate =(No of deaths due to a ds/no of cases due to the same ds) x 100Maternal Mortality Rate =(Total no. of female deaths d/t complication of pregnancy, child birth or within 42 days of delivery from puerperal causes/ total no. of live birth) x 1000Still birth rate =(Foetal deaths weighing over 1000gm i.e. equivalent to 28 wks of gestation)/(total live birth + still births over 1000 gms) x 1000)Perinatal Mortality Rate =(Foetal deaths weighing over 1000 gms i.e. 28 wks gestation or more + early neonatal death within 7 days of birth)/(total no. of live birth) x 1000Infant Mortality Rate =(No. of deaths of infants /no. of live births) x 1000Neonatal Mortality Rate =(no. of deaths of neonate/No. of live births) x 1000Under 5 mortality rate or child mortality rate =(no. of deaths of children less than 5 yrs of age in a given year/no. of live birth) x 10001-4 year mortality rate =(No. of deaths of children aged 1-4 yrs during a year/ total no. of children aged 1-4 yrs at the middle of the year) x 1000
Population between 15 and 49 years of age
Women between 15 and 49 years of age
Mid-year population
Live births
Demography