Gastric emptying is mainly regulated by
Gastric emptying is mainly regulated by enteric reflexes. Regulation of gastric emptying is mainly by the inhibitory feedback signals from the duodenum that includes enterogastric reflex and hormonal feedback by cholecystokinin. Enterogastric reflex: When food enters the duodenum , multiple nervous reflexes are inititiated from the duodenal wall. They strongly inhibit the pyloric pump propulsive contractions and increase the tone of the pyloric sphincter. These reflexes are mediated by three routes: Directly from the duodenum to the stomach through the enteric nervous system in the gut wall(major role) Through inhibitory sympathetic nerve fibers to the stomach (minor role) Vagus nerves to the brainstem where they inhibit the normal excitatory signals transmitted to the stomach (minor role) Cholecystokinin is released from the mucosa of the jejunum in response to fatty substances in the chyme. This hormone acts as an inhibitor to block increased stomach motility caused by gastrin. Ref: Guyton and Hall 13th edition Pgno: 812
neural reflexes
Enteric reflexes
Local hormones in stomach
Local hormones in duodenum
G.I.T