Substrate level phosphorylation in Glycosis is seen in which step?
Conversion of Phosphoenol Pyruvate to Pyruvate Phosphoenolpyruvate is conveed to 'Enol' pyruvate, the reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme Pyruvate kinase. The high energy PO4 of phosphoenolpyruvate is directly transferred to ADP producing ATP (Refer box). Note Reaction is irreversible.ATP is formed at the substrate level without electron transpo chain. This is another example of substrate-level phosphorylation in glycolytic pathway "Enol" pyruvate is conveed to `keto' pyruvate spontaneously. Inhibitors Fluoride inhibits the enzyme enolase. CLINICAL IMPOANCE Sodium fluoride is used along with K-oxalate for collection of blood for glucose estimation. If K-oxalate is used alone, then in vitro glycolysis will reduce the glucose value in the sample. Functions of FluorideInhibits in vitro glycolysis by inhibiting enzyme enolaseAlso acts as anticoagulant,Act. as an antiseptic. Energetics: In this stage, 2 molecules of ATP are produced, per molecule of glucose oxidised. + 2 ATPRef: MN Chatterjea Textbook of Medical Biochemistry, 8th edition, page no: 331
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
Pyruvate kinase
Phosphofructokinase
Enolase
Respiratory chain