A 65-year-old male comes to the OPD complaining of ongoing double vision which is worse when he is watching TV in the evening. He has also noticed that he feels weaker towards the end of the day and that his face is slightly puffy. On inspection, there is a paial ptosis of the left eye lid and his mouth hangs slightly open at rest. On examination, there are visibly distended neck veins. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Diagnosis : Double vision + Ptosis at the end of the day + weaker at the end of the day= Myasthenia Gravis Option B- Feels stronger at the end of the day. Option C- Presents with gait ataxia, nystagmus, head impulse test negative. Option D- Atypical parkinsonism associated with Cog wheel rigidity, Bradykinesia, Postural instability. Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a relatively common neuromuscular disorder that is caused by antibody-mediated autoimmune destruction of acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junction(Post Synaptic) * Type V Hypersensitivity reaction > Type II Hypersensitivity Reaction. * Receptor of Acetyl choline are affected. It is a post junctional defect. Diagnosis: 1. Anti Ach Receptor blocking Antibody 2. Anti-MUSK Antibody 3. Anti LRP 4 Antibody 4. Single fiber electromyography (SFEMG)=Jitter and blocking - Confirmatory test 5. Repetitive nerve stimulation test. 6. Tensilon test, Or Anticholinesterase test. The treatment of MG may include: Anticholinesterase medications (Pyridostigmine), Immunosuppression, IVIg or plasmapheresis, Surgical intervention( Thymectomy).
Myasthenia gravis
Lambe Eaton syndrome
Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration
Multiple system atrophy
Myasthenia Gravis and Muscular dystrophy