By which route of administration , least onset of action will be produced from the given options ?
Routes of Administration: In order of rapidity of action: (1) Inhaled in gaseous or vapourous form. It usually involves a volatile substance, gas, dust, smoke or aerosol. (2) Injection into blood vessels. (3) Intramuscular, subcutaneous and intradermal injection. (4) Application to a wound. (5) Application to a serous surface. (6) Application to a bronchotracheal mucous membrane. (7) Introduction into stomach. (8) Introduction into the natural orifices, e.g. rectum, vagina, urethra, etc. Some drugs can be given by rectal route to produce a systemic effect, e.g., aspirin, barbiturates, chloral hydrate, chlorpromazine, etc. (9) Application to unbroken skin. Organic phosphates, nicotine, some organic solvents and lewisite gas can penetrate the skin and produce intoxication and death .
Application to a serous surface
Inhalation of gaseous form
Application to a bronchotracheal mucous membrane
Injection into blood vessels
Toxicology - 1