Effect of ketamine on IOP is?
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Increases it * Ketamine increases all pressures, i.e. BP, ICT, IOT and intragastric pressure.* Contraindicated in glaucoma & open eye surgery.Ketamine* The primary site of action is in the cortex and subcortical areas; not in the reticular activating system (site of action of barbiturates).* It acts on NMD A receptors.* Short duration of action (10-15 minutes) is due to redistribution from brain and blood to other tissues of the body.* Ketamine is different from most other anaesthetic induction agents in that it has significant analgesic action.* Ketamine increases IOT and cerebral metabolism - contraindicated in head injury.* It causes sympathetic stimulation with elevation of HR, CO & BP - contraindicated in hypertension and ischemic heart disease.* It also raises IOT - contraindicated in glaucoma.* It relieves bronchospasm - intravenous anaesthetic of choice in asthmatics (inhalation anaesthetic of choice in asthmatic is halothane).* Injection is not painful (All other inducing agents cause pain on injection).* It is i.v. anaesthetic of choice in children (Sevoflurane is inhalation agent of choice).* Because it causes sympathetic stimulation it is intravenous anaesthetic of choice in patients with shock and hypovolumia.* It has no muscle relaxant property rather muscle tone is increased.* Airway reflexes (pharyngeal and laryngeal) are not depressed - intravenous anaesthetic of choice for emergency anaesthesia (no starvation is required).* Ketamine produces emergence reaction during awakening from anaesthesia - vivid dreaming, illusions, extracorporeal experiences, excitment, confusion, fear and euphoria - contraindicated in psychiatric illness like schizophrenia.
Increases it
Decreases it
Does not affect
First increases then decreases
General Anesthesia