Which of the following is NOT seen in caffeine withdrawal?
Caffeine, a mild stimulant, is the most widely used psychoactive drug in the world. It is present in soft drinks, coffee, tea, cocoa, chocolate, and numerous prescription and over-the-counter drugs. It mildly increases NE and DA release and enhances neural activity in numerous brain areas. Caffeine is absorbed from the digestive tract and is distributed rapidly throughout all tissues and easily crosses the placental barrier. Caffeine withdrawal consists of feelings of fatigue and sedation. With higher doses, headaches and nausea have been repoed during withdrawal; vomiting is rare. Ref: O'Brien C.P. (2011). Chapter 24. Drug Addiction. In L.L. Brunton, B.A. Chabner, B.C. Knollmann (Eds), Goodman & Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 12e.
Nausea
Headache
Fatigue and sedation
Hallucinations