Ebstein's anomaly is characterized by:
Answer is B (Downward displacement of an abnormal tricuspid valve into right ventricle) Ebstein's anomaly is characterized by downward displacement of an abnormal tricuspid valve (Septa! and posterior leaflet) into the right ventricle such that the poion of the right ventricle above the displaced tricuspid valve leaflets becomes pa of the right atrium (Atrialized Right Ventricle). Ebstein's Anomaly * The normal Tricuspid Valve has three leaflets (Anterior: Posterior; Septal). * Ebstein's anomaly is characterized by Downward (Apical) displacement of the Septal and Posterior leaflets into the Right Ventricle The principle feature of Ebstein's anomaly is apical displacement of the septal leaflet of the tricuspid valve from the inseion of the anterior leaflet of the mitral valve by at least 8 mm/m- body surface area. * The anterior leaflet which is fOrmed at a diflerent stage of development usually retains a normal position though it mar be redundant, fenestrated or tethered * Overall the functional annulus is displaced downward (Apical) into the right ventricle. * The poion of the right ventricle above the displaced annulus becomes Atrialized (Atrialized Right Ventricle). * The right atrium and atrialized right ventricle becomes dilated with variable degrees of hyperophy and thinning of the wall. * The true tricuspid annulus is also dilated.
Upward displacement of an abnormal tricuspid valve into right atrium
Downward displacement of an abnormal tricuspid valve into right ventricle
Ventricularized right atrium
Atrialized left ventricleCoarctation of Aoa