A physician asks a patient to hold her right upper arm close to her lateral chest wall, and bend the arm at the elbow so that the palm is facing upward. The physician then directs the patient to turn her hand so that the palm faces downward, without bending her wrist. This maneuver causes discomfo to the patient, which the physician notes as pain on ?
When the forearm is rotated from anatomic position so that the palm faces posteriorly, the forearm is said to be pronated.Abduction raises the arm to a horizontal position away from the body; adduction is the reverse.Flexion brings the arm or forearm forward, in front of the plane of the body.
Abduction of the forearm
Adduction of the forearm
Flexion of the forearm
Pronation of the forearm