In Wernicke's encephalopathy, the amnestic defect is correlated most closely with inflammation and necrosis of:
Amnestic defect is due to lesions in dorso medial thalamus. Appearance of acute Wernicke encephalopathy on MRI demonstrates abnormal hyperdensity of the dorsomedial thalamus and peri aqueductal gray matter with associated abnormal enhancement on T1-weighted images. Periventricular lesions surround third ventricle, aqueduct, and fouh ventricle, with petechial hemorrhages in acute cases and atrophy of mamillary bodies in most chronic cases. Depending on the location of brain lesion different symptoms are seen: A. Brainstem tegmentum: Ocular pupillary changes, Extraocular muscle palsy: gaze palsy ,nystagmus. B. Hypothalamus, Medulla: Dorsal nucleus of Vagus: Autonomic dysfunction leading to cardio-circulatory and respiratory abnormalities. C. Cerebellum: Ataxia. D. Diffuse cerebral dysfunction: Altered cognition and global confusional state. E. Brain stem -peri aqueductal gray matter: Reduction of consciousness
Mamillary bodies
Midline cerebellum
Peri-aqueductal gray matter
Dorso-medial thalamus
Guillian Barre syndrome & Alzheimer's disease