Odds ration is designated as ?
Ans. is 'd' i.e., ad/bc Odds - ratio (cross product ratio) From a case control study odds ratio can be derived which a measure of the strength of association between risk factor and outcome. Odds ratio is closely related to relative risk (which is analysed in coho study) - odds ratio represents only an estimate of relative risk.
ab/cd
ac/bd
bd/ac
ad/bc