Continuous murmur is found in all, except -
A continuous murmur is predicated ona pressure gradient that persists betweentwo cardiac chambers or blood vesselsacross systole and diastole. The murmurstypically begin in systole, envelop thesecond hea sound (S 2 ), and continuethrough some poion of diastole. Theycan often be difficult to distinguish fromindividual systolic and diastolic murmursin patients with mixed valvular hea disease.The classic example of a continuousmurmur is that associated with a patentductus aeriosus, which usually is heardin the second or third interspace at a slightdistance from the sternal border. Othercauses of a continuous murmur includea ruptured sinus of Valsalva aneurysmwith creation of an aoic-right atrialor right ventricular fistula, a coronaryor great vessel aeriovenous fistula, andan aeriovenous fistula constructed toprovide dialysis access. Harrison's principle of internal medicine,20edition,pg no.1436
Mitral stenosis with mitral regurgitation
Patent ductus aeriosus
Rupture of sinus of Valsalva
Systemic aeriovenous (AV) fistula
C.V.S