Transitional cell carcinoma bladder caused by
Risk factors for transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the bladder -
1. Smoking → Major etiological factor.
2. Occupational exposure to chemicals → Nephthylamine benzidine, aniline dyes, acrolein.
3. Schistosoma haematobium (Bilharziasis) → It is a risk factor for both TCC & SCC.
4. Drugs → Phenacetin 
5. Cyclophosphamide therapy 
6. Pelvic irradiation
Schistosomiasis
Ascariasis
Malaria
None