A neonate is found to have a condition as shown below. You recommend studies to search for other anomalies. Associated abnormalities include which of the following?
Congenital anorectal anomalies are frequently associated with other congenital anomalies including heart disease; esophageal atresia; abnormalities of the lumbosacral spine; double urinary collecting systems; hydro nephrosis; and communication between the rectum and the urinary tract, vagina, or perineum They occur in approximately 1 in 2000 live births. Depending on the type of anomaly (whether the rectum ends above or below the level of the levator ani complex), a variety of surgical procedures has been devised to treat the problem.
However, even when anatomic integrity is established, the prognosis for effective toilet training is poor in 50% of cases continence is never achieved. Cervical spine abnormalities, hydrocephalus, duodenal atresia, and corneal opacities have no significant association with congenital anorectal anomalies.
Abnormalities of the cervical spine
Hydrocephalus
Duodenal atresia
Heart disease