Somatostatin is secreted by:
Ans. D Delta cellsRef: Guyton's Physiology, 11th ed. pg. 961* The human pancreas has 1 to 2 million islets of Langerhans cells* These islets contain three major types of cells: alpha, beta, and delta cells* Beta cells--60% of all the cells of the islets, lie mainly in the middle of each islet and secrete insulin and amylin.* Alpha cells--about 25% of the total islets- secrete glucagon.* Delta cells--about 10% of the total islets- secrete somatostatin.Extra MileThe hormones secreted act as control of secretion of some hormones by other hormones:* Insulin inhibits glucagon secretion* Amylin inhibits insulin secretion* Somatostatin inhibits both insulin and glucagon secretion.In addition to these, somatostatin has other functions:* It decreases the motility of the stomach, duodenum, and gallbladder.* It decreases both secretion and absorption in the gastrointestinal tract.Doing so, somatostatin has following effects:* It extends the time period over which the food nutrients are absorbed into the blood.* By inhibiting insulin and glucagon secretion, it prevents rapid utilization of nutrients by the tissues.Remember: Somatostatin is also known as growth hormone inhibitory hormone, which is also secreted in the hypothalamus and suppresses anterior pituitary gland growth hormone secretion.
Alpha cells
Beta cells
Gamma cells
Delta cells
Endocrinology metabolism