Acetyl CoA can be directly conveed to all except
acid synthesis is the creation of fatty acids from acetyl-CoA and NADPH through the action of enzymes called fatty acid synthases. This process takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell. Most of the acetyl-CoA which is conveed l fatty acids is derived from carbohydrates the glycolytic pathway synthesis:-The acetyl-CoA utilized for cholesterol biosynthesis is derived from an oxidation reaction (e.g., fatty acids or pyruvate) in the mitochondria and is transpoed to the cytoplasm by the same process as that described for fatty acid synthesis (see the Figure below). Acetyl-CoA can also be synthesized from cytosolic acetate derived from cytoplasmic oxidation of ethanol which is initiated by cytoplasmic alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH). All the reduction reactions of cholesterol biosynthesis use NADPH as a cofactor body synthesis:-When two acetyl-CoA molecules lose their -CoAs, (or Co-enzyme A groups) they can form a (covalent) dimer called acetoacetate. Beta-hydroxybutyrate is a reduced form of acetoacetate, in which the ketone group is conveed into an alcohol (or hydroxyl) group (see illustration on the right). Both are 4-carbon molecules, that can readily be conveed back into acetyl-CoA by most tissues of the body, with the notable exception of the liver. Acetone is the decarboxylated form of acetoacetate which cannot be conveed back into acetyl-CoA except detoxification in the liver where it is conveed into lactic acid, which can, in turn, be oxidized into pyruvic acid, and only then into acetyl-CoA.
Glucose
Fatty acids
Cholesterol
Ketone bodies
Metabolism of carbohydrate