Common cause of "Sepsis syndrome" in obstetrics includes
Ans. d (All of the above)SEPSIS SYNDROME# The sepsis syndrome is induced by a systemic inflammatory response to bacteria or their by-products such as endotoxins or exotoxins.# Infections that most commonly cause the sepsis syndrome in obstetrics are:- Antepartum pyelonephritis,- Chorioamnionitis and puerperal sepsis,- Septic abortion, and- Necrotizing fasciitis.# Etiopathogenesis- usually polymicrobial- most commonly Escherichia coli.- Other pathogens are aerobic and anaerobic streptococci, Bacteroides species, and Clostridium species. Some group A -hemolytic streptococci and Staphylococcus aureus produce virulent exotoxins that can rapidly cause all features of the sepsis syndrome. Some virulent streptococci produce proteases that degrade IL-8. In pyelonephritis, E coli and Klebsiella species commonly cause bacteremia and sepsis syndrome.- Endotoxin is a lipopolysaccharide released on lysis of the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria.- A number of potent bacterial exotoxins can also cause severe sepsis syndrome. Examples include exotoxins from Clostridium perfringens, toxic shock syndrome toxin from S aureus, and toxic shock-like exotoxin from group A -hemolytic streptococci.- These exotoxins cause rapid and extensive tissue necrosis and gangrene, especially of the postpartum uterus, and may cause profound cardiovascular collapse with maternal death.
Antepartum pyelonephritis
Puerperal infection
Chorioamnionitis
All of the above
Miscellaneous (Gynae)