Which of the following is false regarding endemic bladder stones?
PRIMARY BLADDER CALCULI (ENDEMIC BLADDER CALCULI) Mainly seen in underdeveloped countries (Noh Africa, Thailand, Myanmar, Indonesia), in pediatric age group. Most common in children <10 Years, with a peak incidence at 2 to 4 years of age. Related to chronic dehydration and low protein, low phosphate, exclusive milk & high carbohydrate diet. Low phosphate diet Increases urinary ammonium excretion leading to ammonium urate stones Treatent Small stones: Removed or crushed transurethral electrohydraulic lithotripsy or Cystolithotomy. Primary bladder calculi rarely recur after treatment.
Always associated with recurrence
High incidence in cereal based diet
Peak incidence in 3 years old children in India
Most common type is ammonium urate or calcium oxalate
Urinary bladder