Lower esophageal sphincter pressure is increased by all of the following substances, EXCEPT:
The lower esophageal sphincter, a physiologic entity but not an anatomic structure, plays an impoant pa in preventing gastroesophageal reflux. Neural, hormonal, myogenic, and mechanical factors influence the tone of the sphincter. Gastrin, vasopressin, glucagon, adrenergic agonists, and cholinergic agents increase the pressure. Secretin has the opposite effect REF: GUYTON 12TH ED
Gastrin
Vasopressin
Glucagon
Secretin
All India exam