Acid phosphatase is specific to which of the following cells
Ans. is 'a' i.e. Monocytes Wintrobes Hematology 11th/e "Acid phosphatase is found in all hematopoietic cells, but the highest levels are found in macrophages and osteoclasts".Acid phosphataseAcid phosphate is a hydrolytic enzyme secreted by a number of cells.There are several isoenzymes of acid phosphatase with some tissue specificity.The isoenzymes can be fractionated by electrophoresis into five bandsBand 5Found mainly in osteoclastes, is also resistant to tartarate inhibition.An identical protein is found in monocytes and kupffer cells.Band 3The major form of plasma acid phosphatase found in normal plasma, comes from platelets, erythrocytes and monocytes.Band 2 and 4Originates from granulocytes Band 1Major source is prostateResistant to tartarate inhibitionRemember these important point about acid phosphataseThe activity of prostatic acid phosphatase in serum is negligible.Nearly all of the acid phosphatase in normal individuals comes from platelets and erythrocytes.There is little or no acid phosphatase activity in lymphocyteslymphoblasts, myeloblasts or erythroblasts.Staining for Acid phosphataseAcid phosphatase in the cells hydrolyze the substrate napthol AS-B1 phosphoric acid.The naphthol released is insoluble and couple with hexazotized pararosaniline.The coloured precipitate in the cytoplasm indicate acid phosphatase activity.The reaction is positive to varying degrees in most normal and abnormal leucocytes."Monocytes stain more intensely than neutrophils and precursors".Lymphocytes contain little activity.T cells appear to react positivelyB cells are usually negative.Clinical application of acid phosphatase activityThe acid phosphatase activity is useful primarily in confirming a diagnosis of hairy cell leukemia.In the subclassification of acute lymphoblastic leukemia definite focal positivity for acid phosphatase in the blast cells have been used as a evidence in favour of T cell origin, but this has been superseded by immunologic techniques.
Monocyte
Tlymphocyte
B lymphocyte
Myelocytes
Chemical Mediators and Regulators of Inflammation