The treatment of choice in recurrent venous thrombosis leading to pulmonary embolism despite intensive anticoagulation is:
The two indications for inseion of an IVC filter are (1) active bleeding that precludes anticoagulation and (2) recurrent venous thrombosis despite intensive anticoagulation. Ref: Harrisons Principles of Internal Medicine, 18th Edition, Page 2176.
Fibrinolysis treatment with tissue plasminogen activator
Pulmonary embolectomy
Pulmonary thromboendaerectomy
Inferior vena caval filters