The molecule, which is the initiator of cataract formation in the eye lens and whose 1-phosphate derivative is responsible for the liver failure, is
Galactitol

Galactitol and sorbitol both can cause cataract.
But there is one more information in the question, i.e. 1-phosphate of that metabolic is responsible for the liver failure. Galactose-1-phosphate cause liver failure in galactosemia.
So, the examiner is asking about cataract in galactose
Sorbitol
Mannitol
Inositol
Galactitol