Nephrotoxicity is a side effect of one of the following immuno-suppressives -
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Tacrolimus Tacrolimus is an immunosuppressant.Its most common adverse effect is, NephrotoxicityTacrolimus causes dose dependent renal tubular injury and direct renal artery vasospasm (intrarenal vasoconstriction is the pivotal event in the nephrotoxicity caused by Tacrolimus)Comparison of Tacrolimus and CyclosporineIt is not chemically related to cyclosporine but their mechanism of actions are similar i.e., inhibition of calcineurin, which inhibits T cell activation.On weight basis, Tacrolimus is 10-100 times more potent than cyclosporine in inhibiting immune response.Tacrolimus is also more toxic than cyclosporine and likely to be discontinued for adverse effects. The adverse effect seen with tacrolimus is similar to cyclosporine.- Nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity are the most commonly encountered adverse effects.
Sirolimus
Tacrolimus
Mycophenolate mofetil
Azathioprine
Immunomodulator