Which of the following group of proteins assist in the folding of other proteins?
Chaperones are proteins that play a role in proper folding of other proteins without themselves being components of latter. Chaperones are proteins that play a role in proper folding of other proteins. Chaperones are proteins that play a role in the assembly and proper folding of synthesized proteins so that the latter proteins gain biological activity. These proteins enable proper folding of other proteins without themselves being components of the latter. Propeies of Chaperone Protein: Present in a wide range of species from bacteria to humans. Many are so-called Heat shock proteins (HSP) Some are inducible by conditions that cause unfolding of newly synthesized proteins (e.g., elevated temperature and various chemicals) They bind to predominantly hydrophobic regions of unfolded and aggregated proteins. They act in pa as a quality control or editing mechanism for detecting misfolded or otherwise defective proteins. Substantial energy as ATP is required during folding of proteins by chaperones ATP is required for protein-chaperone interaction Found in various cellular compaments such as cytosol, mitochondria, and the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum. Examples of Chaperone proteins: BIP (immunoglobulin binding protein) GRP94 (glucose-regulated protein) Calnerin Calreticulin Examples of Chaperone Enzymes: PDI (Protein Disulphide Isomerase) PPI ( Peptidyl-prolylics-transisomerase) Misfolded proteins can lead to neurodegenrative diseases called Prion diseases including Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease and Kuru in human. Scrapie in sheep and goat and Bovine spongiform encephalopathy or Mad cow disease in cow. Ref: Harper; Ganong; Chatterji
Proteases
Proteosomes
Templates
Chaperones
Metabolism of protein and amino acid