Factors which is associated both with exsposure and disease is called -
Confounding factor is defined as one which is associated both with exposure and disease and is distributed unequally in study and control groups. More specifically a confounding factor is one that although associated with exposure under investigation is itself independently of any such association, such as a risk factor for the disease. (refer pgno 72, park 23 rd edition)
Confounding factor
Risk factor
Proximal risk factor
case
Epidemiology