Most useful investigation in sliding hernia in female -
• The hernia may be visible on a plain radiograph of the chest as a gas bubble, often with a fluid level behind the heart.
• A barium meal is the best method of diagnosis.
• The endoscopic appearances may be confusing, especially in large hernias when it is easy to become disorientated.
Fluoroscopy
Barium-meal
Palpation method
Ultrasound