Which of the following findings can be seen during clinical examination of a pregnant female with hea disease compared with normal pregnancy?
In normal pregnancy, functional systolic hea murmurs are common; respiratory effo is accentuated and at times suggests dyspnea; edema in the lower extremities after mid pregnancy is common; and fatigue and exercise intolerance develop in most women. Some systolic flow murmurs may be loud. Clinical indicators of hea disease during pregnancy: Symptoms: Progressive dyspnea or ohopnea Nocturnal cough Hemoptysis Syncope Chest pain Clinical Findings Cyanosis Clubbing of fingers Persistent neck vein distension Systolic murmur grade 3/6 or greater Diastolic murmur Cardiomegaly Persistent arrhythmia Persistent split second sound Criteria for pulmonary hypeension Ref: Cunningham F.G., Leveno K.J., Bloom S.L., Hauth J.C., Rouse D.J., Spong C.Y. (2010). Chapter 44. Cardiovascular Disease. In F.G. Cunningham, K.J. Leveno, S.L. Bloom, J.C. Hauth, D.J. Rouse, C.Y. Spong (Eds), Williams Obstetrics, 23e.
Pedal edema
Engorged neck veins
Dyspnea
Exercise intolerance