What is the probability that confounding factor fall to the right of 95% ?
Ans. is 'd' i.e., l in 40 Similar to above question i) values out side the 95% (2SD) --> 4 5% (1 in 20). ii) values above (right to) the 95% (2SD) --> 2.5% (1 in 40) iii) values below (left to) the 95% (2SD) --> 2.5% (1 in 40)
1 in 5
1 in 10
1 in 20
1 in 40