Most common fracture associated with Volkmann's Is- chemic Contracture:
Ans. a (Supracondylar fracture of humerus). (Ref. Essential orthopedics by Maheshwari 2nd ed. 11, 30, 84)# Tight plaster of Paris cast causes impairment of circulation.# In addition, tissue edema following fracture causes increased pressure within the cast, causing impaired circulation, which can lead to ischemic contracture and latter gangrenous changes.# Although most common fracture associated with it is supracondylar fracture humerus, a tight POP is a very vital and not uncommon factor.COMPLICATIONS OF SUPRACONDYLAR FRACTURE.Volkmann's Ischaemic contracture# Flexion contractures of the fingers and wrist are caused by fibrosis of the anterior compartment of the forearm due to a missed compartment syndrome.# It can usually be prevented by avoiding immobilisation in excessive flexion of the elbow.# If greater than 90deg of flexion is required to maintain a reduction, the reduction should be held by wires and the elbow extended.# If pain persists fasciotomy is indicated.Vascular injury# Occlusion of the brachial artery is an uncommon but serious complication.# Despite the absence of a radial pulse, the arm has a good collateral supply and will not necessarily become ischaemic.# The Rx of vascular compromise is early reduction of the fracture under general anaesthetic.# If the pulse returns the arm should be monitored carefully.# Failure of circulatory return is an indication for exploration of the artery and - fracture site, with open reduction and internal fixation with wires.# An arteriogram may be obtained but should not be allowed to delay exploration.Neurological injury# The anterior interosseous nerve is most commonly affected,# Anterior Interosseous Nen/e > Median nerve > Radial nerve# Treatment is conservative for 3 months initially with good recovery expected.Malunion# Most common# Some degree of malunion is relatively common after supracondylar fracture.# A flexion or extension deformity will remodel and observation is indicated.# Varus malunion, with a "gunstock deformity".# Corrective osteotomies, if necessary, should probably be delayed until skeletal maturity.Valgus deformity- May be associated with tardy ulnar nerve palsy and may require treatment.NonunionLeast common
Supracondylar fracture of humerus
Fracture shaft of radius and ulna, both.
Elbow dislocation
Transcondylar undisplaced fracture humerus
Complications In  Orthopedics