Proptosis is seen in:
A i.e. Neuroblastoma It is defined as forward displacement of eyeball beyond the orbital margin. Word exophthalmos is synonymous with it, but is usually used with thyroid disease. Unilateral Proptosis Bilateral Proptosis Acute Proptosis * Congenital conditions: dermoid cyst, * Developmental anomalies of * Orbital emphysema following congenital cystic eyeball, orbital teratoma the skull: carcinofacial fracture of the medial orbital wall, * Traumatic lesions: orbital haemorrhage, dysostosis e.g. oxycephaly * Orbital haemorrhage retained intraorbital foreign body, (tower skull) * Rupture of ethmoidal mucocele. traumatic aneurysm and emphysema of * Osteopathies: Osteitis Intermittent proptosis the orbit * Inflammatory lesions: orbital cellulites, deformans, rickets and acromegaly * Orbital varix, abscess, thrombophlebitis, * Inflammatory conditions: *Periodic orbital panophthalmitis, and cavernous sinus Mikulicz's syndrome and late 'Oedema, recurrent orbital thrombosis (proptosis is initially stage of cavernous sinus haemorrhage unilateral but ultimately becomes thrombosis *Highly vascular tumours. Pulsating proptosis bilateral). * Endocrinal exophthalmos: It * Chronic inflammatory lesions include: may be thyrotoxic or * Carotico-cavernous fistula and pseudotumours, tuberculoma, gumma, thyrotropic Saccular aneurysm of ophthalmic sarcoidosis. * Tumours: Symmetrical aery. * Circulatory disturbances and vascular lymphoma, secondaries from * Pulsating proptosis also occurs due lesions: angioneurotic oedema, orbital neuroblastomaQ, to transmitted cerebral pulsations in varix and aneurysms nephroblastoma, Ewing;s conditions associated with deficient * Cysts of orbit: hematic cyst, implantation sarcoma and leukaemic orbital roof. These include cyst and parasitic cyst (hydatid cyst and infiltration. congenital meningocele or cysticerus cellulosae) * Systemic diseases: meningocephalocele, * Tumours of the orbit: Primary, secondary Histiocytosis, systemic neurofibromatosis and traumatic or or metastatic amyloidosis, xanthomatosis operative hiatus. * Mucoceles of paranasal sinuses: and Wegner's granulomatosis especially frontal (most common), ethmoidal and maxillary sinus. .
Neuroblastoma
Meningioma
Sympathetic ophthalmia
Injuries