Which of the following signs of congestive cardiac failure constitute a major risk to the surgical patient undergoing anaesthesia ?
Higher perioperative risk is seen with :- Systemic hypertension, elevated jugular venous pressure, pulmonary rales, the presence of third heart sound, murmurs suggestive of significant valvular disease, and vascular bruits.
Jugular venous distention and third heart sound
Cardiomegaly
Pedal oedema
Basal crepitations on auscultation