All of the following mechanisms might account for a reduce risk of upper genital tract infection in users of progestin - releasing IUDs, except :
Ans. is b i.e. Decreased ovulation Several mechanisms account for a potential reduced risk of upper-genital-tract infection in users of progestin releasing IUDs. First, the local effect of progestin on cervical mucus make it thick and relatively impenetrable to bacteria. Since uterine bleeding is eventually greatly decreased in users of the LNG-IUD (progestin releasing IUD), any retrograde menstruation (which might seed the fallopian tubes with bacteria) should be reduced as well. In addition, decidual changes in the endometrium may make it less susceptible to infection. In other words, progestin-releasing IUDs may mimic the protective effect of combined oral contraceptives and depot medroxyprogesterone acetate against upper-genital-tract infection. Also know : PID is common in non hormonal IUCD. IUCD related bacterial infections are due to contamination of endometrial cavity at the time of inseion. Actinomycosis infection is related to IUCD use. Most common side effect of 1UCD's is increased vaginal bleeding. 2nd most common side effect of IUCD : Pain in Lower back or cramps in lower abdomen.
Reduced retrograde menstruation
Decreased ovulation
Thickened cervical mucus
Decidual changes in the endometrium