Center of rotation for tipping is present at:
Uncontrolled tipping:
A single force is applied at the crown, whereby the tooth rotates around a point just apical to the CRes. The crown moves in the direction of the force and the apex of the root moves in the opposite direction. The CRes of the tooth also moves in the direction of the force.
Controlled tipping:
Example of a healthy maxillary
The force but the root apex does not move forward in the opposite direction. The CRes also moves in the direction of the force. This kind of movement may be indicated when retracting excessively proclined maxillary incisors.
Key concept:
Center of rotation of single rooted teeth for tipping is present along the long axis of tooth.
Long axis of tooth
Between B-L axis of tooth
Between M-D axis of tooth
Infinity