Both hyperplasia and hyperophy is found inaEUR'
Pregnant uterus ?? There are some confusion because of the changes in 881/e Robbin's Bobbin's 7th/e clearly states that (p7) The massive physiologic growth of uterus during pregnancy is a good example of hormone induced increase in the size of an organ that results from both hyperophy and hyperplasia But Robbin 8thie says (P 6-7) The massive physiological growth of the uterus during pregnancy is a good example of hormone induced increase in the size of an organ that results mainly .from hyperophy of muscle .fibres. The cellular enlargement is stimulated by estrogenic hormones acting on smooth muscles estrogen receptors. About Breast enlargement during pregnancy and pubey Bobbin's 8th le p. 8 says Hormonal hyperplasia is well illustrated by the proliferation of glandular epithelium t.f.female breast at pubey and during pregnancy usually accompanied by enlargement (hyperophy of glandular epithelial cells). Hyperophy Hyperophy refers to an increase in the size of cells resulting in an increase in size of the organ. Hyperplasia It is an increase in the number of cells in an organ or tissue usually resulting in increased volume of the organ or tissue. Hyperplasia takes place if the cellular population is capable of synthesizing DNA, thus permiting mitotic division, in contrast, hyperophy involves cell enlargement without cell division. Although hyperplasia and hyperophy are two distinct processes, sometimes they may occur together. - For example hormone induced growth in the uterus during pregnancy involves both increased number of smooth muscles and epithelial cells and the enlargement of these cells (i.e. both hyperophy and hyperplasia). - The cellular hyperophy is stimulated by estrogenic hormones acting on smooth muscle estrogen receptors, eventually resulting in increased synthesis of smooth muscle proteins and an increase in cell size. Muscular hyperophy One of the most common and visible forms of organ hyperophy occurs in skeletal muscles in response to strength training. The muscle cells in both the hea and the skeletal muscles are capable of tremendous hyperophy perhaps because they cannot adequately adopt to increased demands by mitotic division and production of more cells to share the work. The most common stimulus for muscle hyperophy is increased workload. For example the bulging muscles of bodybuilders engaged in "pumping iron" result from an increase in size of the individual muscle fibres in response to increased demand. The workload is thus shared by a greater mass of cellular components and each muscle fibre is spared excess work and so escapes injury. The enlarged muscle cell achieves a new equilibrium, permitting it to function at a higher level of activity. In the hea, the stimulus for hyperophy is usually a chronic hemodynamic overload resulting from either hypeension or faulty values. Synthesis of more proteins and filaments occur, achieving a balance b/w the demand and the cell's functional capacity. The greater number of myofilaments per cell permits an increased workload with a level of metabolic activity per unit volume of cell not different from that borne by the normal cell. Breast enlargement during lactation occurs due to hyperophy of the cells caused by the action of prolactin and estrogen on breast. Breast hyperplasia occurs during pubey and pregnancy.
Pregnancy uterus
Cardiac muscle in cardiomegaly
Skeletal muscle in athelete
Breast development in lactation