Anemia of chronic disease is due to -
Chronic diseases produce massive elevation of Interleukin-6, released from the liver,which stimulates hepcidin production, which in turn reduces the iron carrier protein ferropoin so that access of iron to the circulation is reduced. Other mechanisms may also play a role, such as reduced erythropoeisis. It is associated with low serum iron, reduced total iron binding capacity and abundant stored iron in tissue macrophages. Peripheral smear shows predominantly normocytic and normochromic picture or sometimes microcytic hypochromic picture. Vitamin B12deficiency,folate deficiency causes megaloblastic anemia Chronic blood loss causes Iron deficiency anemia. reference :Robbins and Cotrans Pathologic Basis of Disease, 9th edition, 652.
Vit B12 deficiency
Folate deficiery
Decreased utilization of stored iron
Chronic blood loss
Haematology