Not transmitted congenitally -
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Candida [Ref: Dutta's Obs 7th/ep. 301 and internet)Vertical transmissiono Term that refers to the spread of infections from mother-to-baby. These infections may occur while the fetus is still in the uterus (''in utero"), during labour and delivery, or after delivery (such as while breastfeeding).o The following infections can be spread from mother-to-baby:Congenital infections f passed in uterolo A congenital infection is an infection that crosses the placenta to infect the fetus,o TORCH is an acronym for several of the more common congenital infections. These are:ToxoplasmosisOther infections (syphilis, hepatitis B, Coxsackie virus, Epstein-Barr virus, varicella-zoster virus (chicken pox), and human parvovirus, HIV)RubellaCytomegalovirus (CMV)Herpes simplex virusPerinatal infections tduring labour and delivery)o Perinatal infections refer to infections that occur as the baby moves through an infected birth canal.CMVGonorrheaChlamydiaHerpes simplex virusHuman Papilloma Virus (genital warts)Group B Streptococci (GBS)Postnatal infections (after deliverylo Infections spread from mother to baby following delivery are known as "postnatal infections." These infections can be spread during breastfeeding through infectious microbes found in the mother's breast milk.o Some examples of postnatal infections are:CMVHIVGroup B Strep (GBS)
HSV
HIV
Candida
Rubella
Fetus Placenta & Fetal Membrane