Renal angle is formed by 12th rib and-
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Vertebral column and erector spinae * The costovertebral angle/renal angle is the acute angle formed on either side of the human back between the twelfth rib and the vertebral column or erector spinae* The kidney lies directly below this area and tenderness may be palpated here.
Vertebral column and erector spinae
Sacrospinalis
Rectus abdominis
External oblique
Abdomen & Pelvis