Stevens-Johnson syndrome is caused by:
Ans: A (Herpes simplex) Reference: Thappa DM, edit to: Essentials in Dermatology, 2nd edn. NewDelhi: Jay peeExplanation: (See the following table)Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS)Drug induced SJSPhenvtoinPhenobarbitoneSulfonamidesPenicillinsNS AIDSViral CausesHerpes simplex virus (Most Common cause)AIDSCoxsackievirusViral infectionsInfluenza HepatitisMumpsBacterial causesGroup A beta-hemolytic streptococciNail AbnormalitiesNail abnormalityDescriptionCausesKoilonychiaReverse curvature in the longtitudinal and transverse axisIron deficiency anemiaMacronychia/McronychiaToo small or large nails--OnycholysisDistal or lateral separation of the nail from nail bedPsoriasis, OnychomycosisPterygiumCentral fibrotic tongue like band from proximal nail fold joins the nail bed dividing the nail proximal!}1 into twoLichen planusSubungual hyperkeratosisExcessive collection of squamous debris under the free edge of nailPsoriasis OnychomycosisOnychogryphosisNail get thickened and grows upwards in a spiral mannerChronic traumaPachynychia congenitaHypertrophy of nails associated with nail bed and hyponychial hyperkeratosis--Beau's linesTransverse grooves on nailsTemporary cessation of nail formationChemotherapyHypocalcemiaNail infectionCoronary occlusionMalnutritionTerry's nailNail N white proximally hut normal distallyCongestive cardiac failureCirrhosisDiabetes mellitusPittingPunctate erosions on nail surfacePsoriasisAlopecia areataRed LunulaeNails show erythema of lunulaPsoriasis (Dotted red lunula) Congestive cardiac failure CirrhosisSLESplinter hemorrhagesLongiitudinal hemorrhages in nail bedPsoriasisDermatitisFungal infectionsInfective endocarditis SLEMycosis fungoidesRheumatoid arthritisMees linesWhitening or discoloration of the nail in bands or "stria" that run parallel the lunula (nail base)CirrhosisChemotherapyHeavy metal poisoning(Arsenic, Thallium)TraumaMuehrcke's nailsWhite lines (leukonychia) that extend all the way across the nail and he parallel to the lunula {half moon)Non-specificAssc with decreased protein synthesisHypoalbuminemiaNephrotic syndromeDiphtheriaBrucellosisLymphogranuloma venereumMycobacteriaMycoplasma pneumoniaeRicketsial infectionsTularemiaIt is common in children and young adultsThe disease is preceded by a nonspecific prodrome with fever, myalgia, rhinitis and coughSkin lesions occur abruptly and are purpuric macules, atypical target lesions and papulesBullous lesions may occur in oral, genital and anal mucosaUlcerative stomatitis with hemorrhagic crusting is the most characteristic featureCorneal erosions may lead to symhlepharan. synechiae and opacitiesConstitutional symptoms may be severe during active stagesThe treatment includes supportive care and steroids.SJS Vs TENSJS - Mucosal erosions and epidermal detachment below 10%Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN)- Mucosal erosions and epidermal detachment more than 30%
Herpes simplex
CMV
Chicken pox
Toxoplasma
Autoimmune Skin Disorders