Continuous murmur is seen in all the following except-
A continuous murmur is predicated ona pressure gradient that persists betweentwo cardiac chambers or blood vesselsacross systole and diastole. The murmurstypically begin in systole, envelop thesecond hea sound (S 2 ), and continuethrough some poion of diastole. Theycan often be difficult to distinguish fromindividual systolic and diastolic murmursin patients with mixed valvular hea disease.The classic example of a continuousmurmur is that associated with a patentductus aeriosus, which usually is heardin the second or third interspace at a slightdistance from the sternal border. Othercauses of a continuous murmur includea ruptured sinus of Valsalva aneurysmwith creation of an aoic-right atrialor right ventricular fistula, a coronaryor great vessel aeriovenous fistula, andan aeriovenous fistula constructed toprovide dialysis access. Ref Harrison 20th edition pg 1445
Aoic sinus of valsalva rupture
Coarctation of Aoa
AV malforniations
Peripheral pulmonary stenosis
C.V.S