A 55 year old smoker presents with history of five episodes of macroscopic hematuria each lasting for about 4-5 days in the past five years. Which of the following inverstigations should be performed to evaluate the suspcted diagnosis
REPEAT QUESTION. In this case, we should suspect bladder carcinoma ( transitional cell carcinoma ) . Smokers are at a higher risk of developing TCC.Other risk factors being chemical .industry workers in western countries and schistosomiasis in endemic regions . It is more common in males -3:1. They usually presents with painless gross hematuria. Thus the best option here is urine microsopy for RBC's and malignant cells.urine cytology even though not a good screening test because of lack of sensitivity is highly specific . Mainstay of diagnosis is cystourethroscopy. investigations include imaging ( CT , MRI ,USG ,IVU ) and blood investigations for HB , electrolytes and urea . Bailey and Love 27th edition.chapter 77.pg no 1449.
Urine microscopy and cytology
X-ray KUB
Ultrasound KUB
DTPA scan
Urology