A 15-year-old boy needs to go for a long distance in bus. Which of the following drugs would be useful for him?
DrugIndicationDosageHow to useAdverse effectsAnticholinergic:ScopolamineSea and travel sicknessTransdermal 1.5 mg/patchPrevention: 6-8 hours before exposure Effective for 72 hours.Dry eyes, mouth, mydriasis with light sensitivity Rare: Glaucoma, cataract, dermatitis, unilateral mydriasisAntihistamines:Cinnarizine + DimenhydrinateVertigoCinnarizine 20 mgDimenhydrinate 40 mgAcute treatment only TDS for 4 weeksDrowsiness, headache, Rare: Urinary retention, paresthesia, amnesia, sweating, tinnitusDimenhydrinate* Nausea and vomiting* Motion sickness50-100 mg OD Cl < 3 years dose reduced in childrenPrevention: 0.5-1 hours before start of travelSomnolence, drowsinessDiphenhydramineNausea, vomiting, sleep disturbances50 mg/day Cl < 18 yearsShort-term therapy: 30 minutes before sleepAddiction, tolerance development, drowsiness, muscle weaknessPromethazineNausea and vomiting20-30 mg starting dose Can be given in children >2 years of ageReserve drugSedation, anticholinergic side effects
Desloratiadine
Cetirizine
Diphenhydramine
Promethazine
Miscellaneous (Pharmacology)