Which of the following is a causative agent of Visceral Leishmaniasis?
Visceral Leishmaniasis (kala-azar in Hindi) is caused by the L. donovani complex, which includes L. donovani (anthroponotic transmission) and L. infantum or L. chagasi (zoonotic transmission). Prevalence: India and neighboring Nepal, Bangladesh, Sudan, and Brazil are the four largest foci of VL and account for 90% of the world's VL burden, with India the worst affected. Ref: Sundar S. (2012). Chapter 212. Leishmaniasis. In D.L. Longo, A.S. Fauci, D.L. Kasper, S.L. Hauser, J.L. Jameson, J. Loscalzo (Eds), Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 18e.
Leishmania braziliensis
Leishmania panamensis
Leishmania donovani
Leishmania major