The sodium- potassium pump is an example of:
A i.e. Active transpo Calcium Metabolism in mammalian cells * Concentration of intracellular Ca2+ is 100 nmol/ L and it is about 12000 times less than that in extracellular fluid.Q * Ca2+ is stored in endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria & can be released from them to replenish cytoplasmic Ca2+ * Calcium binding proteins bind cytoplasmic Ca2+ and when activated in this fashion, bring about a variety of physiological effect. * Ca2+ enter cell - Voltage gated Ca2+ channels - Ligand gated Ca2+ channels (T & L types) - Store operated Ca2+ channels (SOCCs) * It is transpo out of cell by (Active transpo)Q (i) Ca2+ IP ATPase antipoQ: cause 21-1+ inside & Ca2+ outside() of membrane at the cost of hydrolysis of ATP. (ii) Na+ Ca2+ antipoQ : It is a counter transpo causes 3 Na+ inside & 2Ca2+ outsideQ of membrane. * Calmodulin is Ca2+ binding protein involved in contraction of smooth muscle. * Passive transpo : when molecules traverse membrane by electro mechanical gradient (Passively) * Unipo : Form of transpo where only one substance is transpoed. * Sympo: Here binding of more than one substance to transpo protein & substances are transpoed across the membrane together. * Antipo: The transpo exchange one substance for another
Active transpo
Passive transpo
Facilitated diffusion
Osmosis