At the cellular level the physiological affects of human growth hormone are mediated by?
Human growth hormone, also known as somatotropin is a 191 amino acid polypeptide with a molecular weight of 22,000 and is the major hormone regulating growth in humans. It is synthesized as a 28,000 Dalton precursor that is not biologically active. The gene for pre-growth hormone is found on chromosome 17. Growth hormone is pa of a family of hormones which include prolactin and human placental lactogen. Of the three only growth hormone has growth promoting activities. Growth hormone directly acts on cells a receptor signaling pathway to cause differentiation and the release of insulin-like growth factors ( IGFs). The IGF's promotes cell division. Ref: Barrett K.E., Barman S.M., Boitano S., Brooks H.L. (2012). Chapter 18. The Pituitary Gland. In K.E. Barrett, S.M. Barman, S. Boitano, H.L. Brooks (Eds),Ganong's Review of Medical Physiology, 24e.
Insulin
Prolactin
Somatotropin
Insulin-like growth factors