Munson's sign is a feature of ?
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Keratoconus Kerotoconus Keratoconus is a progressive, noninflammatory, bilateral ectatic corneal disease, characterizedparaxia/stromal thinning and weakening that leads to corneal surface distoion. Essential pathological changes are thinning and ectasia which occur as a result of defective synthesis of mucopolysaccharide and collagen tissue. It usually stas at pubey and progresses slowly. Symptoms usually begins as blurred vision with shadowing around images. Vision becomes progressively more blurred and distoed with associated glare, halos around lights, light sensitivity and ocular irritation. Visual loss occurs primarily from irregular astigmatism and myopia, and secondarily from corneal scarring. o The hallmark of keratoconus is central or paracentral stromal thinning, apical protrusion of anterior corneaand irregular astigmatism. The cornea thins near the centre and progressively bulges forwards, with the apex of cone always being slightly below the centre of the cornea. Impoant findings an examination are - i) Distaed window reflex (Corneal reflex)e. ii) Fleisher's rine. iii) Yawning reflex (Scissor reflex). iv) Oil drop reflex. v) Munson's signs Treatment includes :? 1) Spectacles for regular or mild irregular astigmatism. 2) Rigid gas permeable contact lens for higher astigmatism. 3) Epikeratoplasty in patients intolerant to lens and without significant corneal scarring. 4) Keratoplasty penetrating or deep lamellar if there is significant corneal scarring.
Keratoconus
Corneal ulcer
Pterygium
Posterior staphyloma