Finding acid-fast bacilli within peripheral nerves is most suggestive of:
Lepromatous and tuberculoid leprosy, the major forms of leprosy, are caused by infection with Mycobacterium leprae. Nerve involvement is most typical of the lepromatous form. Histologic sections reveal acid-fast bacilli within peripheral nerves.
Relapsing fever
Syphilis
Leprosy
Tuberculosis