After an accident a teenager developed a different breathing pattern. After neurological evaluation, transection at mid pons level is diagnosed. This lesion will result in:
If the brainstem is transected in the midpons, a breathing pattern called apneusis results if the vagus nerves have also been transected. Apneustic breathing consists of prolonged inspiratory effos interrupted by occasional expirations. Apneusis is probably caused by a sustained discharge of medullary inspiratory neurons. Ref: Levitzky M.G. (2007). Chapter 9. The Control of Breathing. In M.G. Levitzky (Ed), Pulmonary Physiology, 7e.
Asphyxia
Hyperventilation
Rapid and shallow breathing
Apneusis