A 1 year old girl presents with a 2-day history of fever, vomiting, and watery, nonbloody diarrhea. On physical exam, she appears dehydrated. Which of the following best describes the most likely infecting organism?
Rotavirus is the most common cause of gastroenteritis in children between 3 months and 2 years of age. It is most prevalent in the winter. Rotavirus, one of the reoviruses, looks like a wheel (which ROTAtes) and possesses a double-shelled icosahedral capsid with no envelope. Its genome consists of 11 segments of double-stranded RNA. A complex double-stranded DNA genome is found in enteric adenoviruses, the third most common cause of gastroenteritis in infants and children. This organism possesses an icosahedral nucleocapsid. A paially double-stranded circular DNA genome is characteristic of hepatitis B. Its envelope contains surface antigen (HBsAg). Its capsid is icosahedral and contains the genome along with DNA-dependent DNA polymerase, which also has reverse transcriptase activity. A single-stranded circular RNA genome is characteristic of hepatitis D virus. Its envelope consists of HBsAg. The virus is defective and is able to replicate only in cells infected with hepatitis B. Ref: Ray C.G., Ryan K.J. (2010). Chapter 15. Viruses of Diarrhea. In C.G. Ray, K.J. Ryan (Eds), Sherris Medical Microbiology, 5e.
It has a complex double-stranded DNA genome
It has a paially double-stranded circular DNA genome
It has a segmented, double-stranded RNA genome
It has a single-stranded circular RNA genome