The peripheral workers in a primary health centre return one day late; after an immunisation session. The primary health centre is locked. The vaccine carrier still contains a few unopened ls of DPT vaccine and sufficient ice. The workers are to ?
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Retain the vaccine in the ice box To solve this question one should have the basic knowledge of cold chain. The cold chain The cold chain is a system of storage and transpo of vaccines at low temperature from the manufacturer to the actual vaccination site. o The cold chain system is necessary because vaccine failure may occur due to failure to store and transpo under strict temperature control. In cold chain following equipments are used : ? a) Walk in cold rooms (WIC) Located at state/regional (4-5 districts) level. Can store vaccine upto 3 months. Usual temprature is + 2 to +8degC. Also contains walk in freezers (WIF) which has temprature - 20 to - 40degC b) Large deep freezers (DF) & Large ice -lined refrigerators (ILR) Located at all districts. Can store vaccines upto 1 month. Temprature of large ice-lined refrigerator is +2 to +8degC and is used to store vaccines (other than OPV & measles). Temprature of large deep freeze is -20degC to - 40degC and is used for making ice packs and to store OPV and measles. c) Small DF & Small ILRs Provided at PHC level Function & temprature are same as in large DF (for small DF) and large ILR (for small ILR). Can store vaccines upto 1 month. d) Cold boxes, vaccine carriers and day carriers Provided at subcentres. Are used for transpoation of vaccines. A vaccine carrier contains 16-20 ls and a day carrier contains 6-8 ls of vaccines. Full frozen ice packs are used in these carriers (a vaccine carrier contains 4 full frozen ice packs and a day carrier contains 2 fully frozen ice packs). Maintain the temprature at +2 to +8degC. Can store vaccine upto 48-72 hours. e) Dial thermameter For temprature monitoring of ILR (twice daily) Now see the question o This peripheral worker has returned one day late (24 hours). He must be carrying any of the carrier device mentioned above (e.g., ice box). He can put the vaccine in ice box which can store vaccine upto 48-72 hours and next morning vaccines can be transferred to ILR for storage. Following information has been added in 22nd/e of Park o Deep freezer maintain temperature between -15degC to -25degC (previously it was -20deg C to -40degC). At PHC deep freezers are used only for making Ice packs and are not used for storing any of the universal immunization programme (UIP) vaccines (previously it was also used to store OPV and measles). o ICE - lined refrigerator (ILR) is used to store all UIP vaccines (previously it was not used to store OPV and measles vaccine). All vacines must be kept in the basket of ILR along with diluents. Arrange the vaccines in order (from top to bottom) hepatitis B, DP & TT, BCG, measles, OPV. Discard any frozen hepatitis B, DPT and TT. Measles and OPV can be kept over two rows of empty icepacks on the floor of ILR.
Return the vaccine ls to the refrigerator in the morning of the next day
Get the health centre opned the same evening and keep the vaccine ls in the refrigerator
Discard the vaccine ls
Retain the vaccine in the ice box