Drugs not used for treatment of acute hyperkalemia aEUR'
Potassium exchange resins Repeat from May 10 Q no. 101. EMERGENCY Modality Mechanism of action Onset Duration Calcium gluconate Antagonizes cardiac conduction abnormalities 0-5 minutes 1 hour Sodium Bicarbonate Distributes K+ into cells (only indicated with acidosis ) 15-30 minutes 1-2 hours Insulin Distributes K+ into cells 15-60 minutes 4-6 hours Albuterol Distributes K+ into cells 15-30 minutes 2-4 hours NONEMERGENCY Modality Mechanism of action Duration of treatment Loop diuretic I Renal K+ excretion 0.5-2 hours Sodium polystyrene sulfonate (kayexalate) Ion-exchange resin binds K+ 1-3 hours Hemodialysis Extracorporeal K+ removal 48 hours Peritoneal dialysis Peritoneal K+ removal 48 hours
Insulin + glucose
Potassium exchange resins
Calcium carbonate
Sodium bicarbonate