All of the following factors tend to increase the volume of distribution of a drug EXCEPT:
- Factors affecting drug distribution

   Lipid solubility - Higher the solubility, higher the distribution
   Ionization at physiological pH - Higher the ionization, lower the distribution
   Degree of plasma protein binding - More the binding, less the distribution
   Affinity for different tissues - Higher affinity, higher distribution
   Regional blood flow - More the flow, more the distribution
   Fat: lean body mass ratio (changes with age) - Increases with age 
   Disease like CHF, uremia, cirrhosis
High plasma protein binding
Low ionization at physiological pH values
High lipid solubility
High tissue binding