Which of the following is true about pathophysiology of skeletal fluorosis?
Fluorosis: Excessive deposition of fluorine occurs in bone and soft tissues. Fluorine stimulates osteoblastic activityand fluoroappatite crystals are laid down in bone which are resistant to osteoclastic resorption. This leads to calcium retention, impaired mineralization and secondary hyperparathyroidism. Interosseousmembrane ossification is a diagnostic radiological finding in skeletal fluorosis The characteristic pathology involves Sub-periosteal new bone formation, Osteosclerosis(Most commonly seen veebrae, ribs and pelvis) Hyperostosis at the bony attachments of ligaments, tendons and fascia.
Fluorine increases PTH levels by direct action
Fluoroappatite crystals are resistant to osteoclasts
Fluorine decreases vitamin D levels
Fluorine erodes bone, thereby decreasing bone density
Metabolic disorders - 1