Patients with syncope cannot maintain sufficient cardiac output to meet peripheral perfusion demands. Which of the following BEST describes cardiac output?
Cardiac output = hea rate X stroke volume: is the correct answer. 1st Choice is incorrect: Stroke volume = end diastolic volume - end systolic volume 2nd Choice is incorrect: Double product (estimation of cardiac work) = mean aerial pressure X hea rate 4th Choice is a nonsense distractor Ref: Mohrman D.E., Heller L.J. (2010). Chapter 3. The Hea Pump. In D.E. Mohrman, L.J. Heller (Eds), Cardiovascular Physiology, 7e.
Cardiac output = end diastolic volume - end systolic volume
Cardiac output = hea rate X mean aerial pressure
Cardiac output = hea rate X stroke volume
Cardiac output = stroke volume X mean aerial pressure