# Dataset Card for C3

## Table of Contents
- [Dataset Description](#dataset-description)
  - [Dataset Summary](#dataset-summary)
  - [Supported Tasks and Leaderboards](#supported-tasks-and-leaderboards)
  - [Languages](#languages)
- [Dataset Structure](#dataset-structure)
  - [Data Instances](#data-instances)
  - [Data Fields](#data-fields)
  - [Data Splits](#data-splits)
- [Dataset Creation](#dataset-creation)
  - [Curation Rationale](#curation-rationale)
  - [Source Data](#source-data)
  - [Annotations](#annotations)
  - [Personal and Sensitive Information](#personal-and-sensitive-information)
- [Considerations for Using the Data](#considerations-for-using-the-data)
  - [Social Impact of Dataset](#social-impact-of-dataset)
  - [Discussion of Biases](#discussion-of-biases)
  - [Other Known Limitations](#other-known-limitations)
- [Additional Information](#additional-information)
  - [Dataset Curators](#dataset-curators)
  - [Licensing Information](#licensing-information)
  - [Citation Information](#citation-information)
  - [Contributions](#contributions)

## Dataset Description

- **Homepage:** []()
- **Repository:** [link]()
- **Paper:** []()
- **Leaderboard:** []()
- **Point of Contact:** []()

### Dataset Summary

Machine reading comprehension tasks require a machine reader to answer questions relevant to the given document. In this paper, we present the first free-form multiple-Choice Chinese machine reading Comprehension dataset (C^3), containing 13,369 documents (dialogues or more formally written mixed-genre texts) and their associated 19,577 multiple-choice free-form questions collected from Chinese-as-a-second-language examinations.
We present a comprehensive analysis of the prior knowledge (i.e., linguistic, domain-specific, and general world knowledge) needed for these real-world problems. We implement rule-based and popular neural methods and find that there is still a significant performance gap between the best performing model (68.5%) and human readers (96.0%), especially on problems that require prior knowledge. We further study the effects of distractor plausibility and data augmentation based on translated relevant datasets for English on model performance. We expect C^3 to present great challenges to existing systems as answering 86.8% of questions requires both knowledge within and beyond the accompanying document, and we hope that C^3 can serve as a platform to study how to leverage various kinds of prior knowledge to better understand a given written or orally oriented text.

### Supported Tasks and Leaderboards

[More Information Needed]

### Languages

[More Information Needed]

## Dataset Structure

[More Information Needed]

### Data Instances

[More Information Needed]

### Data Fields

[More Information Needed]

### Data Splits

[More Information Needed]

## Dataset Creation


### Curation Rationale

[More Information Needed]

### Source Data

[More Information Needed]

#### Initial Data Collection and Normalization

[More Information Needed]

#### Who are the source language producers?

[More Information Needed]

### Annotations

[More Information Needed]

#### Annotation process

[More Information Needed]

#### Who are the annotators?

[More Information Needed]

### Personal and Sensitive Information

[More Information Needed]

## Considerations for Using the Data

### Social Impact of Dataset

[More Information Needed]

### Discussion of Biases

[More Information Needed]

### Other Known Limitations

Dataset provided for research purposes only. Please check dataset license for additional information.

## Additional Information

### Dataset Curators

[More Information Needed]

### Licensing Information

[More Information Needed]

### Citation Information

```
@article{sun2019investigating,
  title={Investigating Prior Knowledge for Challenging Chinese Machine Reading Comprehension},
  author={Sun, Kai and Yu, Dian and Yu, Dong and Cardie, Claire},
  journal={Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics},
  year={2020},
  url={https://arxiv.org/abs/1904.09679v3}
}
```


### Contributions

Thanks to [@Narsil](https://github.com/Narsil) for adding this dataset.
task_categories:question-answering task_ids:multiple-choice-qa annotations_creators:expert-generated language_creators:expert-generated multilinguality:monolingual size_categories:1K<n<10K source_datasets:original language:zh license:other arxiv:1904.09679 region:us
{"annotations_creators": ["expert-generated"], "language_creators": ["expert-generated"], "language": ["zh"], "license": ["other"], "multilinguality": ["monolingual"], "size_categories": ["1K<n<10K"], "source_datasets": ["original"], "task_categories": ["question-answering"], "task_ids": ["multiple-choice-qa"], "paperswithcode_id": "c3", "pretty_name": "C3", "dataset_info": [{"config_name": "dialog", "features": [{"name": "documents", "sequence": "string"}, {"name": "document_id", "dtype": "string"}, {"name": "questions", "sequence": [{"name": "question", "dtype": "string"}, {"name": "answer", "dtype": "string"}, {"name": "choice", "sequence": "string"}]}], "splits": [{"name": "train", "num_bytes": 2039779, "num_examples": 4885}, {"name": "test", "num_bytes": 646955, "num_examples": 1627}, {"name": "validation", "num_bytes": 611106, "num_examples": 1628}], "download_size": 2073256, "dataset_size": 3297840}, {"config_name": "mixed", "features": [{"name": "documents", "sequence": "string"}, {"name": "document_id", "dtype": "string"}, {"name": "questions", "sequence": [{"name": "question", "dtype": "string"}, {"name": "answer", "dtype": "string"}, {"name": "choice", "sequence": "string"}]}], "splits": [{"name": "train", "num_bytes": 2710473, "num_examples": 3138}, {"name": "test", "num_bytes": 891579, "num_examples": 1045}, {"name": "validation", "num_bytes": 910759, "num_examples": 1046}], "download_size": 3183780, "dataset_size": 4512811}], "configs": [{"config_name": "dialog", "data_files": [{"split": "train", "path": "dialog/train-*"}, {"split": "test", "path": "dialog/test-*"}, {"split": "validation", "path": "dialog/validation-*"}]}, {"config_name": "mixed", "data_files": [{"split": "train", "path": "mixed/train-*"}, {"split": "test", "path": "mixed/test-*"}, {"split": "validation", "path": "mixed/validation-*"}]}]}
TAGS
#task_categories-question-answering #task_ids-multiple-choice-qa #annotations_creators-expert-generated #language_creators-expert-generated #multilinguality-monolingual #size_categories-1K<n<10K #source_datasets-original #language-Chinese #license-other #arxiv-1904.09679 #region-us 

# Dataset Card for C3

## Table of Contents
- Dataset Description
  - Dataset Summary
  - Supported Tasks and Leaderboards
  - Languages
- Dataset Structure
  - Data Instances
  - Data Fields
  - Data Splits
- Dataset Creation
  - Curation Rationale
  - Source Data
  - Annotations
  - Personal and Sensitive Information
- Considerations for Using the Data
  - Social Impact of Dataset
  - Discussion of Biases
  - Other Known Limitations
- Additional Information
  - Dataset Curators
  - Licensing Information
  - Citation Information
  - Contributions

## Dataset Description

- Homepage: []()
- Repository: [link]()
- Paper: []()
- Leaderboard: []()
- Point of Contact: []()

### Dataset Summary

Machine reading comprehension tasks require a machine reader to answer questions relevant to the given document. In this paper, we present the first free-form multiple-Choice Chinese machine reading Comprehension dataset (C^3), containing 13,369 documents (dialogues or more formally written mixed-genre texts) and their associated 19,577 multiple-choice free-form questions collected from Chinese-as-a-second-language examinations.
We present a comprehensive analysis of the prior knowledge (i.e., linguistic, domain-specific, and general world knowledge) needed for these real-world problems. We implement rule-based and popular neural methods and find that there is still a significant performance gap between the best performing model (68.5%) and human readers (96.0%), especially on problems that require prior knowledge. We further study the effects of distractor plausibility and data augmentation based on translated relevant datasets for English on model performance. We expect C^3 to present great challenges to existing systems as answering 86.8% of questions requires both knowledge within and beyond the accompanying document, and we hope that C^3 can serve as a platform to study how to leverage various kinds of prior knowledge to better understand a given written or orally oriented text.

### Supported Tasks and Leaderboards



### Languages



## Dataset Structure



### Data Instances



### Data Fields



### Data Splits



## Dataset Creation


### Curation Rationale



### Source Data



#### Initial Data Collection and Normalization



#### Who are the source language producers?



### Annotations



#### Annotation process



#### Who are the annotators?



### Personal and Sensitive Information



## Considerations for Using the Data

### Social Impact of Dataset



### Discussion of Biases



### Other Known Limitations

Dataset provided for research purposes only. Please check dataset license for additional information.

## Additional Information

### Dataset Curators



### Licensing Information








### Contributions

Thanks to @Narsil for adding this dataset.
# Dataset Card for C3 ## Table of Contents
- Dataset Description
  - Dataset Summary
  - Supported Tasks and Leaderboards
  - Languages
- Dataset Structure
  - Data Instances
  - Data Fields
  - Data Splits
- Dataset Creation
  - Curation Rationale
  - Source Data
  - Annotations
  - Personal and Sensitive Information
- Considerations for Using the Data
  - Social Impact of Dataset
  - Discussion of Biases
  - Other Known Limitations
- Additional Information
  - Dataset Curators
  - Licensing Information
  - Citation Information
  - Contributions ## Dataset Description

- Homepage: []()
- Repository: [link]()
- Paper: []()
- Leaderboard: []()
- Point of Contact: []() ### Dataset Summary

Machine reading comprehension tasks require a machine reader to answer questions relevant to the given document. In this paper, we present the first free-form multiple-Choice Chinese machine reading Comprehension dataset (C^3), containing 13,369 documents (dialogues or more formally written mixed-genre texts) and their associated 19,577 multiple-choice free-form questions collected from Chinese-as-a-second-language examinations.
We present a comprehensive analysis of the prior knowledge (i.e., linguistic, domain-specific, and general world knowledge) needed for these real-world problems. We implement rule-based and popular neural methods and find that there is still a significant performance gap between the best performing model (68.5%) and human readers (96.0%), especially on problems that require prior knowledge. We further study the effects of distractor plausibility and data augmentation based on translated relevant datasets for English on model performance. We expect C^3 to present great challenges to existing systems as answering 86.8% of questions requires both knowledge within and beyond the accompanying document, and we hope that C^3 can serve as a platform to study how to leverage various kinds of prior knowledge to better understand a given written or orally oriented text. ### Supported Tasks and Leaderboards ### Languages ## Dataset Structure ### Data Instances ### Data Fields ### Data Splits ## Dataset Creation ### Curation Rationale ### Source Data #### Initial Data Collection and Normalization #### Who are the source language producers? ### Annotations #### Annotation process #### Who are the annotators? ### Personal and Sensitive Information ## Considerations for Using the Data ### Social Impact of Dataset ### Discussion of Biases ### Other Known Limitations

Dataset provided for research purposes only. Please check dataset license for additional information. ## Additional Information ### Dataset Curators ### Licensing Information ### Contributions

Thanks to @Narsil for adding this dataset.
TAGS
#task_categories-question-answering #task_ids-multiple-choice-qa #annotations_creators-expert-generated #language_creators-expert-generated #multilinguality-monolingual #size_categories-1K<n<10K #source_datasets-original #language-Chinese #license-other #arxiv-1904.09679 #region-us 
 # Dataset Card for C3 ## Table of Contents
- Dataset Description
  - Dataset Summary
  - Supported Tasks and Leaderboards
  - Languages
- Dataset Structure
  - Data Instances
  - Data Fields
  - Data Splits
- Dataset Creation
  - Curation Rationale
  - Source Data
  - Annotations
  - Personal and Sensitive Information
- Considerations for Using the Data
  - Social Impact of Dataset
  - Discussion of Biases
  - Other Known Limitations
- Additional Information
  - Dataset Curators
  - Licensing Information
  - Citation Information
  - Contributions ## Dataset Description

- Homepage: []()
- Repository: [link]()
- Paper: []()
- Leaderboard: []()
- Point of Contact: []() ### Dataset Summary

Machine reading comprehension tasks require a machine reader to answer questions relevant to the given document. In this paper, we present the first free-form multiple-Choice Chinese machine reading Comprehension dataset (C^3), containing 13,369 documents (dialogues or more formally written mixed-genre texts) and their associated 19,577 multiple-choice free-form questions collected from Chinese-as-a-second-language examinations.
We present a comprehensive analysis of the prior knowledge (i.e., linguistic, domain-specific, and general world knowledge) needed for these real-world problems. We implement rule-based and popular neural methods and find that there is still a significant performance gap between the best performing model (68.5%) and human readers (96.0%), especially on problems that require prior knowledge. We further study the effects of distractor plausibility and data augmentation based on translated relevant datasets for English on model performance. We expect C^3 to present great challenges to existing systems as answering 86.8% of questions requires both knowledge within and beyond the accompanying document, and we hope that C^3 can serve as a platform to study how to leverage various kinds of prior knowledge to better understand a given written or orally oriented text. ### Supported Tasks and Leaderboards ### Languages ## Dataset Structure ### Data Instances ### Data Fields ### Data Splits ## Dataset Creation ### Curation Rationale ### Source Data #### Initial Data Collection and Normalization #### Who are the source language producers? ### Annotations #### Annotation process #### Who are the annotators? ### Personal and Sensitive Information ## Considerations for Using the Data ### Social Impact of Dataset ### Discussion of Biases ### Other Known Limitations

Dataset provided for research purposes only. Please check dataset license for additional information. ## Additional Information ### Dataset Curators ### Licensing Information ### Contributions

Thanks to @Narsil for adding this dataset.
passage: TAGS
#task_categories-question-answering #task_ids-multiple-choice-qa #annotations_creators-expert-generated #language_creators-expert-generated #multilinguality-monolingual #size_categories-1K<n<10K #source_datasets-original #language-Chinese #license-other #arxiv-1904.09679 #region-us 
# Dataset Card for C3## Table of Contents
- Dataset Description
  - Dataset Summary
  - Supported Tasks and Leaderboards
  - Languages
- Dataset Structure
  - Data Instances
  - Data Fields
  - Data Splits
- Dataset Creation
  - Curation Rationale
  - Source Data
  - Annotations
  - Personal and Sensitive Information
- Considerations for Using the Data
  - Social Impact of Dataset
  - Discussion of Biases
  - Other Known Limitations
- Additional Information
  - Dataset Curators
  - Licensing Information
  - Citation Information
  - Contributions## Dataset Description

- Homepage: []()
- Repository: [link]()
- Paper: []()
- Leaderboard: []()
- Point of Contact: []()