
# Dataset Card for LFQA Discourse

## Table of Contents
- [Table of Contents](#table-of-contents)
- [Dataset Description](#dataset-description)
  - [Dataset Summary](#dataset-summary)
  - [Languages](#languages)
- [Dataset Structure](#dataset-structure)
  - [Data Instances](#data-instances)
  - [Data Fields](#data-fields)
  - [Data Splits](#data-splits)
- [Dataset Creation](#dataset-creation)
- [Additional Information](#additional-information)
  - [Dataset Curators](#dataset-curators)
  - [Licensing Information](#licensing-information)
  - [Citation Information](#citation-information)
  - [Contributions](#contributions)

## Dataset Description

- **Repository:** [Repo](https://github.com/utcsnlp/lfqa_discourse)
- **Paper:** [How Do We Answer Complex Questions: Discourse Structure of Long-form Answers](https://arxiv.org/abs/2203.11048)
- **Point of Contact:** fangyuan[at]utexas.edu

### Dataset Summary

This dataset contains discourse annotation of long-form answers. There are two types of annotations:
* **Validity:** whether a <question, answer> pair is valid based on a set of invalid reasons defined.
* **Role:** sentence-level role annotation of functional roles for long-form answers.

### Languages

The dataset contains data in English.

## Dataset Structure

### Data Instances

Each instance is a (question, long-form answer) pair from one of the four data sources -- ELI5, WebGPT, NQ, and model-generated answers (denoted as ELI5-model), and our discourse annotation, which consists of QA-pair level validity label and sentence-level functional role label.

We provide all validity and role annotations here. For further train/val/test split, please refer to our [github repository](https://github.com/utcsnlp/lfqa_discourse).

### Data Fields

For validity annotations, each instance contains the following fields:
* `dataset`: The dataset this QA pair belongs to, one of [`NQ`, `ELI5`, `Web-GPT`]. Note that `ELI5` contains both human-written answers and model-generated answers, with model-generated answer distinguished with the `a_id` field mentioned below.
* `q_id`: The question id, same as the original NQ or ELI5 dataset.
* `a_id`: The answer id, same as the original ELI5 dataset. For NQ, we populate a dummy `a_id` (1). For machine generated answers, this field corresponds to the name of the model. 
* `question`: The question.
* `answer_paragraph`: The answer paragraph.
* `answer_sentences`: The list of answer sentences, tokenized from the answer paragraph.
* `is_valid`: A boolean value indicating whether the qa pair is valid, values: [`True`, `False`].
* `invalid_reason`: A list of list, each list contains the invalid reason the annotator selected. The invalid reason is one of [`no_valid_answer`, `nonsensical_question`, `assumptions_rejected`, `multiple_questions`].

For role annotations, each instance contains the following fields:
* 
* `dataset`: The dataset this QA pair belongs to, one of [`NQ`, `ELI5`, `Web-GPT`]. Note that `ELI5` contains both human-written answers and model-generated answers, with model-generated answer distinguished with the `a_id` field mentioned below.
* `q_id`: The question id, same as the original NQ or ELI5 dataset.
* `a_id`: The answer id, same as the original ELI5 dataset. For NQ, we populate a dummy `a_id` (1). For machine generated answers, this field corresponds to the name of the model. 
* `question`: The question.
* `answer_paragraph`: The answer paragraph.
* `answer_sentences`: The list of answer sentences, tokenized from the answer paragraph.
* `role_annotation`: The list of majority role (or adjudicated) role (if exists), for the sentences in `answer_sentences`. Each role is one of [`Answer`, `Answer - Example`, `Answer (Summary)`, `Auxiliary Information`, `Answer - Organizational sentence`, `Miscellaneous`]
* `raw_role_annotation`: A list of list, each list contains the raw role annotations for sentences in `answer_sentences`.


### Data Splits

For train/validation/test splits, please refer to our [repository]((https://github.com/utcsnlp/lfqa_discourse).

## Dataset Creation

Please refer to our [paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/2203.11048) and datasheet for details on dataset creation, annotation process and discussion on limitations.

## Additional Information


### Licensing Information

https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode

### Citation Information
```
@inproceedings{xu2022lfqadiscourse,
  title     = {How Do We Answer Complex Questions: Discourse Structure of Long-form Answers},
  author    = {Xu, Fangyuan and Li, Junyi Jessy and Choi, Eunsol},
  year      = 2022,
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics},
  note      = {Long paper}
}
```
### Contributions

Thanks to [@carriex](https://github.com/carriex) for adding this dataset.
annotations_creators:crowdsourced annotations_creators:expert-generated language_creators:machine-generated language_creators:found multilinguality:monolingual size_categories:unknown source_datasets:extended|natural_questions source_datasets:extended|eli5 license:cc-by-sa-4.0 arxiv:2203.11048 region:us
{"annotations_creators": ["crowdsourced", "expert-generated"], "language_creators": ["machine-generated", "found"], "language": ["en-US"], "license": ["cc-by-sa-4.0"], "multilinguality": ["monolingual"], "size_categories": ["unknown"], "source_datasets": ["extended|natural_questions", "extended|eli5"], "task_categories": [], "task_ids": [], "pretty_name": "lfqa_discourse"}
TAGS
#annotations_creators-crowdsourced #annotations_creators-expert-generated #language_creators-machine-generated #language_creators-found #multilinguality-monolingual #size_categories-unknown #source_datasets-extended|natural_questions #source_datasets-extended|eli5 #license-cc-by-sa-4.0 #arxiv-2203.11048 #region-us 


# Dataset Card for LFQA Discourse

## Table of Contents
- Table of Contents
- Dataset Description
  - Dataset Summary
  - Languages
- Dataset Structure
  - Data Instances
  - Data Fields
  - Data Splits
- Dataset Creation
- Additional Information
  - Dataset Curators
  - Licensing Information
  - Citation Information
  - Contributions

## Dataset Description

- Repository: Repo
- Paper: How Do We Answer Complex Questions: Discourse Structure of Long-form Answers
- Point of Contact: fangyuan[at]URL

### Dataset Summary

This dataset contains discourse annotation of long-form answers. There are two types of annotations:
* Validity: whether a <question, answer> pair is valid based on a set of invalid reasons defined.
* Role: sentence-level role annotation of functional roles for long-form answers.

### Languages

The dataset contains data in English.

## Dataset Structure

### Data Instances

Each instance is a (question, long-form answer) pair from one of the four data sources -- ELI5, WebGPT, NQ, and model-generated answers (denoted as ELI5-model), and our discourse annotation, which consists of QA-pair level validity label and sentence-level functional role label.

We provide all validity and role annotations here. For further train/val/test split, please refer to our github repository.

### Data Fields

For validity annotations, each instance contains the following fields:
* 'dataset': The dataset this QA pair belongs to, one of ['NQ', 'ELI5', 'Web-GPT']. Note that 'ELI5' contains both human-written answers and model-generated answers, with model-generated answer distinguished with the 'a_id' field mentioned below.
* 'q_id': The question id, same as the original NQ or ELI5 dataset.
* 'a_id': The answer id, same as the original ELI5 dataset. For NQ, we populate a dummy 'a_id' (1). For machine generated answers, this field corresponds to the name of the model. 
* 'question': The question.
* 'answer_paragraph': The answer paragraph.
* 'answer_sentences': The list of answer sentences, tokenized from the answer paragraph.
* 'is_valid': A boolean value indicating whether the qa pair is valid, values: ['True', 'False'].
* 'invalid_reason': A list of list, each list contains the invalid reason the annotator selected. The invalid reason is one of ['no_valid_answer', 'nonsensical_question', 'assumptions_rejected', 'multiple_questions'].

For role annotations, each instance contains the following fields:
* 
* 'dataset': The dataset this QA pair belongs to, one of ['NQ', 'ELI5', 'Web-GPT']. Note that 'ELI5' contains both human-written answers and model-generated answers, with model-generated answer distinguished with the 'a_id' field mentioned below.
* 'q_id': The question id, same as the original NQ or ELI5 dataset.
* 'a_id': The answer id, same as the original ELI5 dataset. For NQ, we populate a dummy 'a_id' (1). For machine generated answers, this field corresponds to the name of the model. 
* 'question': The question.
* 'answer_paragraph': The answer paragraph.
* 'answer_sentences': The list of answer sentences, tokenized from the answer paragraph.
* 'role_annotation': The list of majority role (or adjudicated) role (if exists), for the sentences in 'answer_sentences'. Each role is one of ['Answer', 'Answer - Example', 'Answer (Summary)', 'Auxiliary Information', 'Answer - Organizational sentence', 'Miscellaneous']
* 'raw_role_annotation': A list of list, each list contains the raw role annotations for sentences in 'answer_sentences'.


### Data Splits

For train/validation/test splits, please refer to our repository.

## Dataset Creation

Please refer to our paper and datasheet for details on dataset creation, annotation process and discussion on limitations.

## Additional Information


### Licensing Information

URL



### Contributions

Thanks to @carriex for adding this dataset.
# Dataset Card for LFQA Discourse ## Table of Contents
- Table of Contents
- Dataset Description
  - Dataset Summary
  - Languages
- Dataset Structure
  - Data Instances
  - Data Fields
  - Data Splits
- Dataset Creation
- Additional Information
  - Dataset Curators
  - Licensing Information
  - Citation Information
  - Contributions ## Dataset Description

- Repository: Repo
- Paper: How Do We Answer Complex Questions: Discourse Structure of Long-form Answers
- Point of Contact: fangyuan[at]URL ### Dataset Summary

This dataset contains discourse annotation of long-form answers. There are two types of annotations:
* Validity: whether a <question, answer> pair is valid based on a set of invalid reasons defined.
* Role: sentence-level role annotation of functional roles for long-form answers. ### Languages

The dataset contains data in English. ## Dataset Structure ### Data Instances

Each instance is a (question, long-form answer) pair from one of the four data sources -- ELI5, WebGPT, NQ, and model-generated answers (denoted as ELI5-model), and our discourse annotation, which consists of QA-pair level validity label and sentence-level functional role label.

We provide all validity and role annotations here. For further train/val/test split, please refer to our github repository. ### Data Fields

For validity annotations, each instance contains the following fields:
* 'dataset': The dataset this QA pair belongs to, one of ['NQ', 'ELI5', 'Web-GPT']. Note that 'ELI5' contains both human-written answers and model-generated answers, with model-generated answer distinguished with the 'a_id' field mentioned below.
* 'q_id': The question id, same as the original NQ or ELI5 dataset.
* 'a_id': The answer id, same as the original ELI5 dataset. For NQ, we populate a dummy 'a_id' (1). For machine generated answers, this field corresponds to the name of the model. 
* 'question': The question.
* 'answer_paragraph': The answer paragraph.
* 'answer_sentences': The list of answer sentences, tokenized from the answer paragraph.
* 'is_valid': A boolean value indicating whether the qa pair is valid, values: ['True', 'False'].
* 'invalid_reason': A list of list, each list contains the invalid reason the annotator selected. The invalid reason is one of ['no_valid_answer', 'nonsensical_question', 'assumptions_rejected', 'multiple_questions'].

For role annotations, each instance contains the following fields:
* 
* 'dataset': The dataset this QA pair belongs to, one of ['NQ', 'ELI5', 'Web-GPT']. Note that 'ELI5' contains both human-written answers and model-generated answers, with model-generated answer distinguished with the 'a_id' field mentioned below.
* 'q_id': The question id, same as the original NQ or ELI5 dataset.
* 'a_id': The answer id, same as the original ELI5 dataset. For NQ, we populate a dummy 'a_id' (1). For machine generated answers, this field corresponds to the name of the model. 
* 'question': The question.
* 'answer_paragraph': The answer paragraph.
* 'answer_sentences': The list of answer sentences, tokenized from the answer paragraph.
* 'role_annotation': The list of majority role (or adjudicated) role (if exists), for the sentences in 'answer_sentences'. Each role is one of ['Answer', 'Answer - Example', 'Answer (Summary)', 'Auxiliary Information', 'Answer - Organizational sentence', 'Miscellaneous']
* 'raw_role_annotation': A list of list, each list contains the raw role annotations for sentences in 'answer_sentences'. ### Data Splits

For train/validation/test splits, please refer to our repository. ## Dataset Creation

Please refer to our paper and datasheet for details on dataset creation, annotation process and discussion on limitations. ## Additional Information ### Licensing Information

URL ### Contributions

Thanks to @carriex for adding this dataset.
TAGS
#annotations_creators-crowdsourced #annotations_creators-expert-generated #language_creators-machine-generated #language_creators-found #multilinguality-monolingual #size_categories-unknown #source_datasets-extended|natural_questions #source_datasets-extended|eli5 #license-cc-by-sa-4.0 #arxiv-2203.11048 #region-us 
 # Dataset Card for LFQA Discourse ## Table of Contents
- Table of Contents
- Dataset Description
  - Dataset Summary
  - Languages
- Dataset Structure
  - Data Instances
  - Data Fields
  - Data Splits
- Dataset Creation
- Additional Information
  - Dataset Curators
  - Licensing Information
  - Citation Information
  - Contributions ## Dataset Description

- Repository: Repo
- Paper: How Do We Answer Complex Questions: Discourse Structure of Long-form Answers
- Point of Contact: fangyuan[at]URL ### Dataset Summary

This dataset contains discourse annotation of long-form answers. There are two types of annotations:
* Validity: whether a <question, answer> pair is valid based on a set of invalid reasons defined.
* Role: sentence-level role annotation of functional roles for long-form answers. ### Languages

The dataset contains data in English. ## Dataset Structure ### Data Instances

Each instance is a (question, long-form answer) pair from one of the four data sources -- ELI5, WebGPT, NQ, and model-generated answers (denoted as ELI5-model), and our discourse annotation, which consists of QA-pair level validity label and sentence-level functional role label.

We provide all validity and role annotations here. For further train/val/test split, please refer to our github repository. ### Data Fields

For validity annotations, each instance contains the following fields:
* 'dataset': The dataset this QA pair belongs to, one of ['NQ', 'ELI5', 'Web-GPT']. Note that 'ELI5' contains both human-written answers and model-generated answers, with model-generated answer distinguished with the 'a_id' field mentioned below.
* 'q_id': The question id, same as the original NQ or ELI5 dataset.
* 'a_id': The answer id, same as the original ELI5 dataset. For NQ, we populate a dummy 'a_id' (1). For machine generated answers, this field corresponds to the name of the model. 
* 'question': The question.
* 'answer_paragraph': The answer paragraph.
* 'answer_sentences': The list of answer sentences, tokenized from the answer paragraph.
* 'is_valid': A boolean value indicating whether the qa pair is valid, values: ['True', 'False'].
* 'invalid_reason': A list of list, each list contains the invalid reason the annotator selected. The invalid reason is one of ['no_valid_answer', 'nonsensical_question', 'assumptions_rejected', 'multiple_questions'].

For role annotations, each instance contains the following fields:
* 
* 'dataset': The dataset this QA pair belongs to, one of ['NQ', 'ELI5', 'Web-GPT']. Note that 'ELI5' contains both human-written answers and model-generated answers, with model-generated answer distinguished with the 'a_id' field mentioned below.
* 'q_id': The question id, same as the original NQ or ELI5 dataset.
* 'a_id': The answer id, same as the original ELI5 dataset. For NQ, we populate a dummy 'a_id' (1). For machine generated answers, this field corresponds to the name of the model. 
* 'question': The question.
* 'answer_paragraph': The answer paragraph.
* 'answer_sentences': The list of answer sentences, tokenized from the answer paragraph.
* 'role_annotation': The list of majority role (or adjudicated) role (if exists), for the sentences in 'answer_sentences'. Each role is one of ['Answer', 'Answer - Example', 'Answer (Summary)', 'Auxiliary Information', 'Answer - Organizational sentence', 'Miscellaneous']
* 'raw_role_annotation': A list of list, each list contains the raw role annotations for sentences in 'answer_sentences'. ### Data Splits

For train/validation/test splits, please refer to our repository. ## Dataset Creation

Please refer to our paper and datasheet for details on dataset creation, annotation process and discussion on limitations. ## Additional Information ### Licensing Information

URL ### Contributions

Thanks to @carriex for adding this dataset.
passage: TAGS
#annotations_creators-crowdsourced #annotations_creators-expert-generated #language_creators-machine-generated #language_creators-found #multilinguality-monolingual #size_categories-unknown #source_datasets-extended|natural_questions #source_datasets-extended|eli5 #license-cc-by-sa-4.0 #arxiv-2203.11048 #region-us 
# Dataset Card for LFQA Discourse## Table of Contents
- Table of Contents
- Dataset Description
  - Dataset Summary
  - Languages
- Dataset Structure
  - Data Instances
  - Data Fields
  - Data Splits
- Dataset Creation
- Additional Information
  - Dataset Curators
  - Licensing Information
  - Citation Information
  - Contributions## Dataset Description

- Repository: Repo
- Paper: How Do We Answer Complex Questions: Discourse Structure of Long-form Answers
- Point of Contact: fangyuan[at]URL### Dataset Summary

This dataset contains discourse annotation of long-form answers. There are two types of annotations:
* Validity: whether a <question, answer> pair is valid based on a set of invalid reasons defined.
* Role: sentence-level role annotation of functional roles for long-form answers.### Languages

The dataset contains data in English.## Dataset Structure### Data Instances

Each instance is a (question, long-form answer) pair from one of the four data sources -- ELI5, WebGPT, NQ, and model-generated answers (denoted as ELI5-model), and our discourse annotation, which consists of QA-pair level validity label and sentence-level functional role label.

We provide all validity and role annotations here. For further train/val/test split, please refer to our github repository.