
# Dataset Card for Cryptonite

## Table of Contents
- [Dataset Description](#dataset-description)
  - [Dataset Summary](#dataset-summary)
  - [Supported Tasks and Leaderboards](#supported-tasks-and-leaderboards)
  - [Languages](#languages)
- [Dataset Structure](#dataset-structure)
  - [Data Instances](#data-instances)
  - [Data Fields](#data-fields)
  - [Data Splits](#data-splits)
- [Dataset Creation](#dataset-creation)
  - [Curation Rationale](#curation-rationale)
  - [Source Data](#source-data)
  - [Annotations](#annotations)
  - [Personal and Sensitive Information](#personal-and-sensitive-information)
- [Considerations for Using the Data](#considerations-for-using-the-data)
  - [Social Impact of Dataset](#social-impact-of-dataset)
  - [Discussion of Biases](#discussion-of-biases)
  - [Other Known Limitations](#other-known-limitations)
- [Additional Information](#additional-information)
  - [Dataset Curators](#dataset-curators)
  - [Licensing Information](#licensing-information)
  - [Citation Information](#citation-information)
  - [Contributions](#contributions)

## Dataset Description

- **Homepage:** [Github](https://github.com/aviaefrat/cryptonite)
- **Repository:** [Github](https://github.com/aviaefrat/cryptonite)
- **Paper:** [Arxiv](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2103.01242.pdf)
- **Leaderboard:**
- **Point of Contact:** [Twitter](https://twitter.com/AviaEfrat)

### Dataset Summary

Current NLP datasets targeting ambiguity can be solved by a native speaker with relative ease. We present Cryptonite, a large-scale dataset based on cryptic crosswords, which is both linguistically complex and naturally sourced. Each example in Cryptonite is a cryptic clue, a short phrase or sentence with a misleading surface reading, whose solving requires disambiguating semantic, syntactic, and phonetic wordplays, as well as world knowledge. Cryptic clues pose a challenge even for experienced solvers, though top-tier experts can solve them with almost 100% accuracy. Cryptonite is a challenging task for current models; fine-tuning T5-Large on 470k cryptic clues achieves only 7.6% accuracy, on par with the accuracy of a rule-based clue solver (8.6%).

### Languages

English

## Dataset Structure

### Data Instances

This is one example from the train set.

```python
{
  'clue': 'make progress socially in stated region (5)',
  'answer': 'climb',
  'date': 971654400000,
  'enumeration': '(5)',
  'id': 'Times-31523-6across',
  'publisher': 'Times',
  'quick': False
}
```

### Data Fields

- `clue`: a string representing the clue provided for the crossword
- `answer`: a string representing the answer to the clue
- `enumeration`: a string representing the 
- `publisher`: a string representing the publisher of the crossword
- `date`: a int64 representing the UNIX timestamp of the date of publication of the crossword
- `quick`: a bool representing whether the crossword is quick (a crossword aimed at beginners, easier to solve)
- `id`: a string to uniquely identify a given example in the dataset

### Data Splits

Train (470,804 examples), validation (26,156 examples), test (26,157 examples).

## Dataset Creation

### Curation Rationale

Crosswords from the Times and the Telegraph.

### Source Data

#### Initial Data Collection and Normalization

[More Information Needed]

#### Who are the source language producers?

[More Information Needed]

### Annotations

#### Annotation process

[More Information Needed]

#### Who are the annotators?

[More Information Needed]

### Personal and Sensitive Information

[More Information Needed]

## Considerations for Using the Data

### Social Impact of Dataset

[More Information Needed]

### Discussion of Biases

[More Information Needed]

### Other Known Limitations

[More Information Needed]

## Additional Information

### Dataset Curators

Avia Efrat, Uri Shaham, Dan Kilman, Omer Levy

### Licensing Information

`cc-by-nc-4.0`

### Citation Information

```
@misc{efrat2021cryptonite,
      title={Cryptonite: A Cryptic Crossword Benchmark for Extreme Ambiguity in Language}, 
      author={Avia Efrat and Uri Shaham and Dan Kilman and Omer Levy},
      year={2021},
      eprint={2103.01242},
      archivePrefix={arXiv},
      primaryClass={cs.CL}
}
```


### Contributions

Thanks to [@theo-m](https://github.com/theo-m) for adding this dataset.
task_categories:question-answering task_ids:open-domain-qa annotations_creators:expert-generated language_creators:expert-generated multilinguality:monolingual size_categories:100K<n<1M size_categories:1K<n<10K source_datasets:original language:en license:cc-by-nc-4.0 arxiv:2103.01242 region:us
{"annotations_creators": ["expert-generated"], "language_creators": ["expert-generated"], "language": ["en"], "license": ["cc-by-nc-4.0"], "multilinguality": ["monolingual"], "size_categories": ["100K<n<1M", "1K<n<10K"], "source_datasets": ["original"], "task_categories": ["question-answering"], "task_ids": ["open-domain-qa"], "pretty_name": "Cryptonite", "config_names": ["cryptonite", "default"], "dataset_info": [{"config_name": "default", "features": [{"name": "agent_info", "sequence": [{"name": "Bottomline", "dtype": "string"}, {"name": "Role", "dtype": "string"}, {"name": "Target", "dtype": "float32"}]}, {"name": "agent_turn", "sequence": "int32"}, {"name": "dialogue_acts", "sequence": [{"name": "intent", "dtype": "string"}, {"name": "price", "dtype": "float32"}]}, {"name": "utterance", "sequence": "string"}, {"name": "items", "sequence": [{"name": "Category", "dtype": "string"}, {"name": "Images", "dtype": "string"}, {"name": "Price", "dtype": "float32"}, {"name": "Description", "dtype": "string"}, {"name": "Title", "dtype": "string"}]}], "splits": [{"name": "train", "num_bytes": 8538836, "num_examples": 5247}, {"name": "test", "num_bytes": 1353933, "num_examples": 838}, {"name": "validation", "num_bytes": 966032, "num_examples": 597}], "download_size": 25373618, "dataset_size": 10858801}, {"config_name": "cryptonite", "features": [{"name": "clue", "dtype": "string"}, {"name": "answer", "dtype": "string"}, {"name": "enumeration", "dtype": "string"}, {"name": "publisher", "dtype": "string"}, {"name": "date", "dtype": "int64"}, {"name": "quick", "dtype": "bool"}, {"name": "id", "dtype": "string"}], "splits": [{"name": "train", "num_bytes": 52228597, "num_examples": 470804}, {"name": "validation", "num_bytes": 2901768, "num_examples": 26156}, {"name": "test", "num_bytes": 2908275, "num_examples": 26157}], "download_size": 21615952, "dataset_size": 58038640}]}
TAGS
#task_categories-question-answering #task_ids-open-domain-qa #annotations_creators-expert-generated #language_creators-expert-generated #multilinguality-monolingual #size_categories-100K<n<1M #size_categories-1K<n<10K #source_datasets-original #language-English #license-cc-by-nc-4.0 #arxiv-2103.01242 #region-us 


# Dataset Card for Cryptonite

## Table of Contents
- Dataset Description
  - Dataset Summary
  - Supported Tasks and Leaderboards
  - Languages
- Dataset Structure
  - Data Instances
  - Data Fields
  - Data Splits
- Dataset Creation
  - Curation Rationale
  - Source Data
  - Annotations
  - Personal and Sensitive Information
- Considerations for Using the Data
  - Social Impact of Dataset
  - Discussion of Biases
  - Other Known Limitations
- Additional Information
  - Dataset Curators
  - Licensing Information
  - Citation Information
  - Contributions

## Dataset Description

- Homepage: Github
- Repository: Github
- Paper: Arxiv
- Leaderboard:
- Point of Contact: Twitter

### Dataset Summary

Current NLP datasets targeting ambiguity can be solved by a native speaker with relative ease. We present Cryptonite, a large-scale dataset based on cryptic crosswords, which is both linguistically complex and naturally sourced. Each example in Cryptonite is a cryptic clue, a short phrase or sentence with a misleading surface reading, whose solving requires disambiguating semantic, syntactic, and phonetic wordplays, as well as world knowledge. Cryptic clues pose a challenge even for experienced solvers, though top-tier experts can solve them with almost 100% accuracy. Cryptonite is a challenging task for current models; fine-tuning T5-Large on 470k cryptic clues achieves only 7.6% accuracy, on par with the accuracy of a rule-based clue solver (8.6%).

### Languages

English

## Dataset Structure

### Data Instances

This is one example from the train set.



### Data Fields

- 'clue': a string representing the clue provided for the crossword
- 'answer': a string representing the answer to the clue
- 'enumeration': a string representing the 
- 'publisher': a string representing the publisher of the crossword
- 'date': a int64 representing the UNIX timestamp of the date of publication of the crossword
- 'quick': a bool representing whether the crossword is quick (a crossword aimed at beginners, easier to solve)
- 'id': a string to uniquely identify a given example in the dataset

### Data Splits

Train (470,804 examples), validation (26,156 examples), test (26,157 examples).

## Dataset Creation

### Curation Rationale

Crosswords from the Times and the Telegraph.

### Source Data

#### Initial Data Collection and Normalization



#### Who are the source language producers?



### Annotations

#### Annotation process



#### Who are the annotators?



### Personal and Sensitive Information



## Considerations for Using the Data

### Social Impact of Dataset



### Discussion of Biases



### Other Known Limitations



## Additional Information

### Dataset Curators

Avia Efrat, Uri Shaham, Dan Kilman, Omer Levy

### Licensing Information

'cc-by-nc-4.0'






### Contributions

Thanks to @theo-m for adding this dataset.
# Dataset Card for Cryptonite ## Table of Contents
- Dataset Description
  - Dataset Summary
  - Supported Tasks and Leaderboards
  - Languages
- Dataset Structure
  - Data Instances
  - Data Fields
  - Data Splits
- Dataset Creation
  - Curation Rationale
  - Source Data
  - Annotations
  - Personal and Sensitive Information
- Considerations for Using the Data
  - Social Impact of Dataset
  - Discussion of Biases
  - Other Known Limitations
- Additional Information
  - Dataset Curators
  - Licensing Information
  - Citation Information
  - Contributions ## Dataset Description

- Homepage: Github
- Repository: Github
- Paper: Arxiv
- Leaderboard:
- Point of Contact: Twitter ### Dataset Summary

Current NLP datasets targeting ambiguity can be solved by a native speaker with relative ease. We present Cryptonite, a large-scale dataset based on cryptic crosswords, which is both linguistically complex and naturally sourced. Each example in Cryptonite is a cryptic clue, a short phrase or sentence with a misleading surface reading, whose solving requires disambiguating semantic, syntactic, and phonetic wordplays, as well as world knowledge. Cryptic clues pose a challenge even for experienced solvers, though top-tier experts can solve them with almost 100% accuracy. Cryptonite is a challenging task for current models; fine-tuning T5-Large on 470k cryptic clues achieves only 7.6% accuracy, on par with the accuracy of a rule-based clue solver (8.6%). ### Languages

English ## Dataset Structure ### Data Instances

This is one example from the train set. ### Data Fields

- 'clue': a string representing the clue provided for the crossword
- 'answer': a string representing the answer to the clue
- 'enumeration': a string representing the 
- 'publisher': a string representing the publisher of the crossword
- 'date': a int64 representing the UNIX timestamp of the date of publication of the crossword
- 'quick': a bool representing whether the crossword is quick (a crossword aimed at beginners, easier to solve)
- 'id': a string to uniquely identify a given example in the dataset ### Data Splits

Train (470,804 examples), validation (26,156 examples), test (26,157 examples). ## Dataset Creation ### Curation Rationale

Crosswords from the Times and the Telegraph. ### Source Data #### Initial Data Collection and Normalization #### Who are the source language producers? ### Annotations #### Annotation process #### Who are the annotators? ### Personal and Sensitive Information ## Considerations for Using the Data ### Social Impact of Dataset ### Discussion of Biases ### Other Known Limitations ## Additional Information ### Dataset Curators

Avia Efrat, Uri Shaham, Dan Kilman, Omer Levy ### Licensing Information

'cc-by-nc-4.0' ### Contributions

Thanks to @theo-m for adding this dataset.
TAGS
#task_categories-question-answering #task_ids-open-domain-qa #annotations_creators-expert-generated #language_creators-expert-generated #multilinguality-monolingual #size_categories-100K<n<1M #size_categories-1K<n<10K #source_datasets-original #language-English #license-cc-by-nc-4.0 #arxiv-2103.01242 #region-us 
 # Dataset Card for Cryptonite ## Table of Contents
- Dataset Description
  - Dataset Summary
  - Supported Tasks and Leaderboards
  - Languages
- Dataset Structure
  - Data Instances
  - Data Fields
  - Data Splits
- Dataset Creation
  - Curation Rationale
  - Source Data
  - Annotations
  - Personal and Sensitive Information
- Considerations for Using the Data
  - Social Impact of Dataset
  - Discussion of Biases
  - Other Known Limitations
- Additional Information
  - Dataset Curators
  - Licensing Information
  - Citation Information
  - Contributions ## Dataset Description

- Homepage: Github
- Repository: Github
- Paper: Arxiv
- Leaderboard:
- Point of Contact: Twitter ### Dataset Summary

Current NLP datasets targeting ambiguity can be solved by a native speaker with relative ease. We present Cryptonite, a large-scale dataset based on cryptic crosswords, which is both linguistically complex and naturally sourced. Each example in Cryptonite is a cryptic clue, a short phrase or sentence with a misleading surface reading, whose solving requires disambiguating semantic, syntactic, and phonetic wordplays, as well as world knowledge. Cryptic clues pose a challenge even for experienced solvers, though top-tier experts can solve them with almost 100% accuracy. Cryptonite is a challenging task for current models; fine-tuning T5-Large on 470k cryptic clues achieves only 7.6% accuracy, on par with the accuracy of a rule-based clue solver (8.6%). ### Languages

English ## Dataset Structure ### Data Instances

This is one example from the train set. ### Data Fields

- 'clue': a string representing the clue provided for the crossword
- 'answer': a string representing the answer to the clue
- 'enumeration': a string representing the 
- 'publisher': a string representing the publisher of the crossword
- 'date': a int64 representing the UNIX timestamp of the date of publication of the crossword
- 'quick': a bool representing whether the crossword is quick (a crossword aimed at beginners, easier to solve)
- 'id': a string to uniquely identify a given example in the dataset ### Data Splits

Train (470,804 examples), validation (26,156 examples), test (26,157 examples). ## Dataset Creation ### Curation Rationale

Crosswords from the Times and the Telegraph. ### Source Data #### Initial Data Collection and Normalization #### Who are the source language producers? ### Annotations #### Annotation process #### Who are the annotators? ### Personal and Sensitive Information ## Considerations for Using the Data ### Social Impact of Dataset ### Discussion of Biases ### Other Known Limitations ## Additional Information ### Dataset Curators

Avia Efrat, Uri Shaham, Dan Kilman, Omer Levy ### Licensing Information

'cc-by-nc-4.0' ### Contributions

Thanks to @theo-m for adding this dataset.
passage: TAGS
#task_categories-question-answering #task_ids-open-domain-qa #annotations_creators-expert-generated #language_creators-expert-generated #multilinguality-monolingual #size_categories-100K<n<1M #size_categories-1K<n<10K #source_datasets-original #language-English #license-cc-by-nc-4.0 #arxiv-2103.01242 #region-us 
# Dataset Card for Cryptonite## Table of Contents
- Dataset Description
  - Dataset Summary
  - Supported Tasks and Leaderboards
  - Languages
- Dataset Structure
  - Data Instances
  - Data Fields
  - Data Splits
- Dataset Creation
  - Curation Rationale
  - Source Data
  - Annotations
  - Personal and Sensitive Information
- Considerations for Using the Data
  - Social Impact of Dataset
  - Discussion of Biases
  - Other Known Limitations
- Additional Information
  - Dataset Curators
  - Licensing Information
  - Citation Information
  - Contributions## Dataset Description

- Homepage: Github
- Repository: Github
- Paper: Arxiv
- Leaderboard:
- Point of Contact: Twitter### Dataset Summary

Current NLP datasets targeting ambiguity can be solved by a native speaker with relative ease. We present Cryptonite, a large-scale dataset based on cryptic crosswords, which is both linguistically complex and naturally sourced. Each example in Cryptonite is a cryptic clue, a short phrase or sentence with a misleading surface reading, whose solving requires disambiguating semantic, syntactic, and phonetic wordplays, as well as world knowledge. Cryptic clues pose a challenge even for experienced solvers, though top-tier experts can solve them with almost 100% accuracy. Cryptonite is a challenging task for current models; fine-tuning T5-Large on 470k cryptic clues achieves only 7.6% accuracy, on par with the accuracy of a rule-based clue solver (8.6%).### Languages

English## Dataset Structure