abdelmo/pubmed-dataset · Datasets at Hugging Face

[Screening for prevention and early detection of colorectal carcinoma].

Colorectal Cancer (CRC) fulfills all the criteria for a successful screening: i) it is a frequent tumor associated with serious morbidity and mortality; ii) recognition and treatment of premalignant lesions or early tumor stages improves prognosis and lowers its incidence; respectively. During recent years; our understanding of the biology; diagnosis and therapy of adenomas and CRCs led to the identification of risk factors. Based on these; screening strategies differ for individuals with average risk (age

10667079

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[Screening for prevention and early detection of colorectal carcinoma].

> or = 50 years; no risk factors) and individuals with increased risk for CRC development (positive personal history [CRC; colorectal adenomas; inflammatory bowel disease]; positive family history [CRC; colorectal adenomas; hereditary syndromes]). The currently available strategies aimed at prevention and early detection of CRCs (past history; family history; rectal digital examination; fecal occult blood testing; endoscopy) are discussed and recommendations for their implementation are formulated.

10667079

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[Prostatic carcinoma. Screening--when and what?].

Prostate cancer is now the most common cancer and the second most common cause of death from cancer among men. Therapy of curative intention is only possible in organ confined disease. The use of prostate specific antigen (PSA) and digital rectal examination (DRE) results in a three fold increase in prostatic carcinoma detection. Levels of PSA > 4 ng/ml are indications for sextant biopsies of the prostate. There did not exist an intermediate range or 'grey zone' of PSA 4-10 ng/ml where wait and see diagnost

10667080

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[Prostatic carcinoma. Screening--when and what?].

ic procedure is indicated. In PSA levels > 10 ng/ml curative therapy can only performed in 15-44% of the cases. PSA and DRE examination should be performed between the age of 50 and 70 years when life expectancy exceeds ten years. In case of familiar history the case finding has to start at the age of 45. There is no support for the common opinion that early detection finds clinically insignificant cancer since autoptical prevalence of prostate cancer is about 40% and early detection discover only 3-4%. Res

10667080

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[Prostatic carcinoma. Screening--when and what?].

ults about the usefulness of active screening in a population will be available in 2005.

10667080

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[Screening for gynecologic-endocrinologic problems before menopause].

Family and personal history as well as clinical examination are the basic data to be known before laboratory examinations should be started. To obtain results that can be correctly interpreted; the blood sampling has to be done in the early morning hours between day 1 and 5 of the cycle; and for some hormones on an empty stomach. Depending on the clinical data; the hormonal screening can be selective and well directed; or it has to be broader. The presence or absence of galactorrhea; of hot flushes and of a

10667081

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[Screening for gynecologic-endocrinologic problems before menopause].

ndrogenization or virilization play an important role for the decision about the hormones to be determined. Furthermore; an eventual desire infertility will influence the selection of the hormonal tests to be done. The present review intends to propose some simple recommendations to the non-specialist how a gynaecological-endocrinological screening for the most important clinical questions should be organized.

10667081

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[Guidelines for good practice: anti-ulcer agents, indications in the adult. French Agency for Health Safety of Health Products].

nan

10667082

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[Outline of the problem of indices of therapeutic efficacy. 4. Expression of efficacy when the underlying illness is incurable. Study Group for the Indices of Efficacy].

In chronic illness; when death or a non-fatal event can occur at any time; the current efficacy indices are no longer appropriate to express the effect of the treatment on the potential therapeutic objectives. The inappropriateness is not dependent on the effect model. Clues for solutions are proposed.

10667083

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[H1 antihistamines: the past and the future].

nan

10667085

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Adverse drug reaction monitoring and the Internet: evaluation of the use of the Internet by French Pharmacovigilance Centres and a non-exhaustive survey of websites of interest for collecting information about adverse drug reaction.

The Internet; indisputably the most important source of information obtainable in real time; was long essentially the domain of researchers in the USA; but has now become more accessible to French Pharmacovigilance Centres (CRPV) and pharmaceutical companies. A questionnaire was sent to every CRPV to determine how the Internet was perceived in terms of pharmacovigilance activities and existing Websites of particular value to CRPVs were investigated. Analysis of the questionnaires revealed that 66.7 per cent

10667084

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Adverse drug reaction monitoring and the Internet: evaluation of the use of the Internet by French Pharmacovigilance Centres and a non-exhaustive survey of websites of interest for collecting information about adverse drug reaction.

of CRPVs are connected to the Internet but do not use it fully; 94 per cent of connected CRPVs use it essentially for access to a bibliographic database such as Medline (88 per cent); and none subscribes to discussion lists concerning alert messages on problems related to drugs and therapeutics. Non-connected CRPVs do not intend to use the Internet because of financial considerations; lack of time or the assumption that it is not beneficial in everyday situations. Apparently; many French CRPVs are not suff

10667084

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Adverse drug reaction monitoring and the Internet: evaluation of the use of the Internet by French Pharmacovigilance Centres and a non-exhaustive survey of websites of interest for collecting information about adverse drug reaction.

iciently aware of the importance of the Internet for professional purposes. A non-exhaustive list of sites on the Internet providing information likely to be of use to Pharmacovigilance Centres in their everyday activities is included. The Internet offers far greater possibilities than research for bibliographic references on Medline and could improve the manner in which pharmacovigilance is practised.

10667084

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[Tomorrow's drug surveillance].

nan

10667086

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[Iodine status and the used of iodized antiseptics in the mother-newborn pair].

Iodine status was evaluated by assessment of urinary iodine excretion in 221 mothers and their 223 newborns. During the first month after childbirth; 59.3 per cent of the mothers and 26.5 per cent of the newborns received applications of iodized antiseptic containing Polyvidone-iodine. 50.2 per cent of the newborns and 24.9 per cent of the mothers had a urinary iodine of more than 20 micrograms/dl (iodine excess). For the mothers and the newborns who had received applications of iodized antiseptic; 38.2 per

10667087

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[Iodine status and the used of iodized antiseptics in the mother-newborn pair].

cent and 74.6 per cent had an iodine excess; respectively. This iodine excess is directly related to use of iodized antiseptic. Such high iodine levels may contribute to the risk of thyroid disorders; and particularly to transient congenital hypothyroidism at a critical age for normal development of the nervous system.

10667087

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[Use of iodized salt and the risk of iodine overload].

Iodine-deficiency disorders are a major problem of public health in Morocco. To mitigate this deficiency; the iodination of all the salt intended for human consumption in a proportion of 80 +/- 10 mg/kg of salt has become obligatory since a decree published in 1995. We estimated that this rate of iodized salt issued risked inducing an iodine excess in the population. To check this hypothesis; we provided 7 families made up of 28 subjects; who at the start were consuming a non-iodized salt; with the decreed;

10667088

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[Use of iodized salt and the risk of iodine overload].

iodized salt and we followed the evolution of their urinary iodine excretion over a period of 3 weeks. The mean values of urinary iodine excretion of the 28 subjects were 12.8 micrograms/dl before use of iodized salt and 26.8; 35.5 and 63.2 micrograms/dl; respectively; after 7; 14 and 21 days from the introduction of iodized salt into their diet. After 21 days of the use of iodized salt; 84.6 per cent of the subjects had an iodine excess. We conclude that prolonged use of this iodized salt exposes the popu

10667088

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[Use of iodized salt and the risk of iodine overload].

lation to the risk of thyroid disorders.

10667088

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Effect of dietary crude proteins on the reproductive function in the postpartum dairy cow.

The study was conducted on 216 dairy cows. Samples of feeds distributed to cows were collected monthly for the purpose of determining their content in dry matter; energy; crude proteins and mineral matter. Milk samples were collected weekly for every cow from newly calved cows until confirmation of pregnancy by rectal palpation at least 2 months after artificial insemination. These samples were used for progesterone assays in skimmed milk; in order to assess the interval between calving and return to ovaria

10667089

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Effect of dietary crude proteins on the reproductive function in the postpartum dairy cow.

n activity [C-ROA]; calving and first insemination [C-I1]; calving and conception [C-C] and number of inseminations per conception (nI/C). Results have shown a significant negative correlation between the duration of [C-ROA] and [C-C] intervals and the dietary content in crude proteins (r = -0.720; p < 0.05 and r = -0.914; p < 0.01 respectively).

10667089

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New model of atherosclerosis in sand rats subjected to a high cholesterol diet and vitamin D2.

In order to defeat the atheroresistance in sand rats; 25 animals were given a high cholesterol diet for 45 days; which was then associated with oral treatment with vitamin D2 2000 IU/day for a further 45 days. At days 0; 45 and 90; plasma parameters; and aortic and heart morphology were examined. Results showed at D45 hypercholesterolaemia; increased plasma LDL and VLDL cholesterol; oxidized LDL; triglycerides; free fatty acids (FFA) and calcium levels and moderate hyperinsulinaemia. At D90; plasma-oxidized

10667090

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New model of atherosclerosis in sand rats subjected to a high cholesterol diet and vitamin D2.

LDL and FFA were more enhanced; whereas calcium level was reduced. Development of hyperglycaemia was associated with hyperinsulinaemia and insulin resistance. The vitamin D2 administration induced advanced lesions; represented by the degenerescence of elastic lamina; smooth muscle cell proliferation and lipid calcic plaque at an ulcerated stage in most cases. The ischaemic effects were represented by acute myocardial infarction. The potential of the sand rat to develop atherosclerotic lesions at different

10667090

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New model of atherosclerosis in sand rats subjected to a high cholesterol diet and vitamin D2.

stages opens the field to therapeutic tests of new anti-atherogenic agents.

10667090

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Epidemiological study: chronotype and daytime sleepiness before and during Ramadan.

Few epidemiological data have been reported on the relation between Ramadan fasting; life habits (meal frequency; sleep habits) and daytime sleepiness during Ramadan. This paper presents the results of a detailed study of the chronotype and daytime sleepiness before and during Ramadan. It was conducted on a sample of 264 subjects aged between 20 and 30 years. Results have revealed a significant decrease in the meal frequency during Ramadan compared with the control period. Before Ramadan; the majority of su

10667091

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Epidemiological study: chronotype and daytime sleepiness before and during Ramadan.

bjects woke up between 6 and 7 a.m. and went to sleep between 10 and 11 p.m. however; during Ramadan fasting; they woke up after 8 a.m. and preferred to go to sleep later (after midnight). Chronotype as evaluated by the Horne and Ostberg scale was changed significantly during Ramadan: an increase of the evening type and a decrease in the morning type of subjects was observed. Daytime sleepiness as evaluated by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale was significantly increased.

10667091

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Interaction of chlorpromazine and imipramine with model membranes.

The aim of the present study is to examine the effect of phospholipids on the lipid destabilization induced by chlorpromazine (CPZ) and imipramine (IP) at different levels of pH. The large unilamellar vesicles (LUV) are formed in the presence of calcein (60 mM). The vesicles containing calcein have been incubated in the presence of CPZ and IP at pH 4.5 and pH 8. At pH 4.5 CPZ and IP induce a rapid release of the calcein encapsulated in the liposomes. Calcein release; at equal concentrations of pharmacologic

10667094

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Interaction of chlorpromazine and imipramine with model membranes.

al agent; is more important by CPZ than by IP. At pH 8; the calcein release was more important than at pH 4.5; this effect appears to be more significant for the CPZ than for the IP. In conclusion; the insertion of chlorpromazine and imipramine into large unilamellar vesicles is accompanied by a strong destabilization of the vesicles. These effects appear more significant for chlorpromazine than for imipramine.

10667094

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Myoclonic and tonic seizures elicited by microinjection of cholinergic drugs into the inferior colliculus.

The inferior colliculus (IC) is the initiation site in the neuronal network for the epileptic audiogenic seizure (AGS). The present study investigates the effects of alteration of IC cholinergic transmission on the elicitation of epileptic seizures. Unilateral microinjections of carbachol (3 and 6 micrograms/0.2 microliter) into the IC elicited intense locomotor activity; contraversive rotations and myoclonic seizures. This result indicates that the IC is the initiation site for the induction of myoclonic s

10667095

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Myoclonic and tonic seizures elicited by microinjection of cholinergic drugs into the inferior colliculus.

eizures and suggests that these myoclonic seizures may result from activation of m1 muscarinic receptors. Microinjections of the nicotinic-muscarinic antagonist; gallamine (2 and 6 micrograms/0.2 microliter); into the IC induced AGS susceptibility. However; microinjections of muscarinic antagonists; atropine (15 micrograms/0.2 microliter) and scopolamine (12 and 20 micrograms/0.2 microliter); or the nicotinic antagonist; hexamethonium (12 and 20 micrograms/0.2 microliter); into the IC have no effect. Gallam

10667095

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Myoclonic and tonic seizures elicited by microinjection of cholinergic drugs into the inferior colliculus.

ine-induced AGS susceptibility may result from a selective blockade of m2 muscarinic receptors.

10667095

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Interactions between neomycin and cerebral dopaminergic and serotoninergic transmission in rats.

The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of neomycin on monoamine contents of rat striatal tissue. The analysis was performed by HPLC with electrochemical detection. Rats were injected with neomycin (2 mg/kg; i.p.) and killed at different times over 24 h. The striatal homogenate was injected in a reversed-phase HPLC. Results showed a significant increase in dopamine tissue level (+35 per cent; 4 h after neomycin injection) and a decrease (-36 per cent) in the level of its metabolites. Striatal se

10667096

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Interactions between neomycin and cerebral dopaminergic and serotoninergic transmission in rats.

rotonin level showed a rapid and significant (p < 0.001) increase; +130 per cent; 2 h after neomycin injection. DOPAC/DA and 5HIAA/5HT ratios were reduced by 34 per cent and 46 per cent respectively. These results indicate an inhibitory effect of neomycin on striatal dopaminergic and serotoninergic systems. Several mechanisms could be involved in these effects of neomycin in the biosynthesis process through stimulation of tyrosine hydroxylase and tryptophane hydroxylase and/or MAO and COMT activities. The b

10667096

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Interactions between neomycin and cerebral dopaminergic and serotoninergic transmission in rats.

lockage of calcium channels was also suggested.

10667096

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Calcitonin-induced impairment in conditioning is antagonized by chronic antidepressant drug treatment.

The purpose of this study was to test the effect of calcitonin; when injected into the lateral ventricle; on conditioning behaviour and to see whether antidepressant drug treatment can antagonize calcitonin-induced impairment of this behaviour. Conditioned response by conditional stimulus (CS) was compared in control rat (CO) and in rats that received intraventricular perfusion of calcitonin (CA); acute antidepressant drug treatment (ADa); acute antidepressant drug treatment + calcitonin (ADa + CA); chronic

10667092

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Calcitonin-induced impairment in conditioning is antagonized by chronic antidepressant drug treatment.

antidepressant drug treatment (21 days) + calcitonin the day after (ADc + CA). Control rats acquired easily the conditioned response; the CA group and ADa + CA had problems in making the correlation between CS and unconditional stimulus (US); and consequently did not acquire a conditioned response; but in the ADc + CA group; rats exhibited more conditioned responses. The results indicate that calcitonin disrupts conditioning processes and chronic but not acute antidepressant drug treatment can reverse the

10667092

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Calcitonin-induced impairment in conditioning is antagonized by chronic antidepressant drug treatment.

effects of calcitonin.

10667092

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Comparative effects of UW and SLS solutions on concentrative proline uptake in cold preserved rat hepatocytes.

In previous studies; we have shown that the rate of cell swelling induced by concentrative proline uptake in isolated rat hepatocytes decreased by 50 per cent after only 24 h of cold storage in University of Wisconsin (UW) solution; thereby representing a sensitive marker of alterations in hepatocyte functions after cold preservation and rewarming. We have thus used concentrative proline uptake to compare the capacity of UW and sodium-lactobionate-sucrose (SLS) solutions to maintain such differentiated hepa

10667097

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Comparative effects of UW and SLS solutions on concentrative proline uptake in cold preserved rat hepatocytes.

tocyte functions. Isolated rat hepatocytes were kept at 4 degrees C for 4; 10; 24 and 48 h in UW or SLS solutions; and subsequently cultured at 37 degrees C for 1-2 h. Viability was measured by Trypan blue exclusion. After rewarming; cells were subjected to a 10 min administration of 10 mM proline and accumulation of the amino acid was assessed by changes in cell volume as measured by digital analysis of single-cell images obtained under bright-field illumination. Cell viability was reduced gradually and si

10667097

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Comparative effects of UW and SLS solutions on concentrative proline uptake in cold preserved rat hepatocytes.

gnificantly after 0 to 48 h of preservation; and rewarming amplified this effect. However; loss of viability was similar in UW- and SLS-stored cells; as were initial steady-state cell volumes. Proline-induced swelling rate was reduced significantly by 13; 46 and by 57 per cent after 10; 24 and 48 h of preservation in UW solution; respectively. There is no significant difference between SLS- and UW-preserved hepatocyte swelling rates after 10 h and 48 h of cold preservation. However; the decline in the swell

10667097

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Comparative effects of UW and SLS solutions on concentrative proline uptake in cold preserved rat hepatocytes.

ing rate of SLS-preserved hepatocytes incubated for 24 h is significantly lower than that of their UW-preserved counterparts. These results show that the SLS solution can preserve differentiated hepatic functions as well as the UW solution does.

10667097

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Modulation of central GABAA receptor complex by somatostatin: a pharmacological study.

The goal of the present study was to determine the possible interactions between somatostatin (SST) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). We thus investigated the SST interaction with [35S]-tertiary butylbicyclophosphorothionate (TBPS) binding sites of the cortical and hippocampal regions of the rat brain. The method used to identify such effects is in vitro quantitative autoradiography. Thus; the binding of the cage convulsant [35S]-TBPS to a picrotoxin-sensitive site in the rat brain was used to investigate

10667093

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Modulation of central GABAA receptor complex by somatostatin: a pharmacological study.

the modulatory action of SST on the GABAA receptor complex. The addition of the peptide to the incubation medium results in a dose-dependent inhibition of [35S]-TBPS in cortical and hippocampal structures. Detailed analysis showed a dose-related effect of SST with relative potencies comparable to those observed for 5 alpha 3 alpha P and 5 beta 3 alpha P. In addition; these neurosteroids were able to enhance the efficacy of SST in inhibiting [35S]-TBPS binding. The efficacy of SST in enhancing the inhibitor

10667093

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Modulation of central GABAA receptor complex by somatostatin: a pharmacological study.

y action of neurosteroids was also evidenced. Furthermore; SST seems to mimic the effects of these neurosteroids as well as GABA and picrotoxin on [35S]-TBPS binding to the rat brain in every context examined. This suggests that somatostatin allosterically modifies [35S]-TBPS binding through a mechanism similar to that of GABA. On the other hand; a possible action of SST via transduction systems on the GABAA receptor complex could also be suggested. These results illustrate the importance of interactions in

10667093

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Modulation of central GABAA receptor complex by somatostatin: a pharmacological study.

SST-mediated GABA transmission in these brain regions.

10667093

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In vitro effects of spiramycin and dirithromycin on IL1 beta production by human LPS-stimulated mononuclear cells.

Polymorphonuclear neutrophils are the predominant cells in acute inflammatory lesions and their functions and recruitment are regulated by cytokines; including IL1; TNF and IL8. Antibiotic modulation of inflammatory effects has stimulated investigations of antibiotics for their potential activity as immunomodulators over their primary bactericidal or bacteriostatic activities. This study reports the influence of macrolides; spiramycin and dirithromycin on IL1 beta production. Mononuclear cells; isolated fro

10667098

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In vitro effects of spiramycin and dirithromycin on IL1 beta production by human LPS-stimulated mononuclear cells.

m healthy human volunteers; were preincubated with macrolides (0.1 to 500 micrograms/ml) and stimulated by Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide. Then; IL1 beta production was detected by western blotting analysis. At therapeutic concentrations; dirithromycin and spiramycin seemed to enhance IL1 beta production by LPS-stimulated cells; with +37 per cent and +28 per cent at 1 microgram/ml respectively. At supratherapeutic concentrations; these drugs seemed to inhibit IL1 beta production through protein kinase

10667098

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In vitro effects of spiramycin and dirithromycin on IL1 beta production by human LPS-stimulated mononuclear cells.

C inhibition; with inhibitory concentrations 50 per cent of 378 micrograms/ml for dirithromycin and 234 micrograms/ml for spiramycin. So; macrolides may modulate the host defence system through their influence on cytokine production.

10667098

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A comparison study of two therapeutic protocols for neurosyphilis.

In Morocco; neurosyphilis is a serious public health problem. In the neurology service at the specialist hospital in Rabat; two drug treatments were used. Treatment A consisted of infusion over a period of 4 h of 20 MUI of penicillin G per day for 3 weeks. Treatment B consisted of infusion over a period of 6 h of 30 MUI of penicillin G per day for 10 days. Each treatment was tested on a group of eight neurosyphilitic patients as first-line treatment. On the first day of treatment; both blood and CSF pharmac

10667099

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A comparison study of two therapeutic protocols for neurosyphilis.

okinetics were sampled for each patient. Blood and CSF were taken within 24 h. Penicillin G concentrations were determined by a microbiological method. The results obtained showed that perfusions of either 20 MUI or 30 MUI of penicillin allowed the achievement of high serum concentrations. These increased progressively until reaching their maximum at T4 h for treatment A (from 92.33 to 106.38 micrograms/ml). For treatment B; maximal concentration is obtained at T6 h (from 108 to 141.52 micrograms/ml). Penic

10667099

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A comparison study of two therapeutic protocols for neurosyphilis.

illin concentrations decreased immediately after stopping the perfusion. At CSF levels; penicillin G concentrations were identical to serum concentrations. However; one difference was observed: a one-hour difference between the serum and CSF peaks. The CSF peak was achieved at T5 h for treatment A (0.063 to 2.25 micrograms/ml) and at T7 h for treatment B (0.92 to 2.94 micrograms/ml). The concentrations obtained were largely superior to the CMI of Treponema pallidum for both treatment A and treatment B; at 4

10667099

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A comparison study of two therapeutic protocols for neurosyphilis.

7 times and 82 times higher respectively. The recovery time of the patients was 14 h for treatment A and 24 h for B treatment. These results have shown that therapeutic method B was more efficient than A. Moreover; the evolution of penicillin G's diffusion in the CSF during treatment; of cell counts of protein level; of the VDRL test and of the gamma-globulin rate was studied.

10667099

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Mycobacterium resistance to antimycobacterial reagent.

This study was carried out in the tuberculosis laboratory of the Institut National d'Hygiène in Rabat; Morocco; in 1997. The aim was to determine the percentages of drug-resistant strains by using 150 antibiograms. Six antimycobacterial medications were used as tuberculosis treatment: isoniazid (INH); streptomycin (STM); rifampicin (RIF); ethambutol (EMB); kanamycin (KAN) and p-amino-salicylic acid (PAS). The cultures were plated onto a simple agar (Lowenstein-Jensen) plate containing different concentratio

10667100

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Mycobacterium resistance to antimycobacterial reagent.

ns of drugs. This test demonstrated the presence of major antimycobacterial (INH; RIF; STM)-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the following percentages respectively: 34.6 per cent; 33.1 per cent and 26.1 per cent and 80 per cent; 70 per cent and 40 per cent in the case of atypical mycobacteria. The association of INH/RIF showed the highest percentage (27.6 per cent) for Mycobacterium tuberculosis and 70 per cent for atypical strains; whereas; when we associate INH/RIF/STM; the resistance ra

10667100

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Mycobacterium resistance to antimycobacterial reagent.

te becomes 17.69 per cent for Mycobacterium tuberculosis and 25 per cent for atypical mycobacteria. The resistance in question was a secondary or acquired resistance because the tested strains were isolated from patients who had not responded to standard tuberculosis treatment.

10667100

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[Medicines interacting with mitochondria: anti-ischemic effects of trimetazidine].

While mitochondria are key factors in energy production in cells they are also key factors in their life cycle because under certain circumstances they can provoke cellular apoptosis. Some 45 per cent of myocardial volume is taken up by mitochondria. Furthermore; mitochondria are key to many aspects of neuronal activity and can trigger neurodegenerative processes. Lipid oxidation is responsible for the production of much ATP resynthesis in the heart but this process is less oxygen efficient than glucose oxi

10667101

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[Medicines interacting with mitochondria: anti-ischemic effects of trimetazidine].

dation. During ischaemia; lipid oxidation is suddenly blocked; but markedly increased during reperfusion; causing accumulation of potentially toxic metabolites (acylcarnitines; acyl-CoA; lysophospholipids). These metabolites can change calcium handling; inducing arrhythmias. Trimetazidine; and another product in development; ranolazine; by inhibiting lipid oxidation favours glucose oxidation and inhibits the production of deleterious lipid metabolites. Thus this class of drugs can have beneficial effects on

10667101

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[Medicines interacting with mitochondria: anti-ischemic effects of trimetazidine].

myocardial metabolism without direct haemodynamic effects.

10667101

[ null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null ]

[Synthesis of benzimidazole derivatives by amino acid action on ortho-phenylenediamine, variously substituted in positions 4 and 5].

As part of the synthesis of the benzimidazole derivative heterocyclique system; we are interested in studying the condensation of the o-phenylenediamines with amino-acids such as aspartic acid; serine and histidine. The interest that these present is based mainly on their pharmacological properties. They have; in fact anti-inflammatory; antidepressive; antibacterial and antihistamine properties. On the other hand; it should be noted that 5;6-dimethyl-1-(alpha-D-ribofuranosyl) benzimidazole constitutes part

10667102

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[Synthesis of benzimidazole derivatives by amino acid action on ortho-phenylenediamine, variously substituted in positions 4 and 5].

of vitamin B12. Taken together; these results led us to pursue our research in this domain while focusing on new methods of benzimidazolic derivative synthesis. It should be said that the obtaining of these compounds depends on the quantity of the amino-acid. All synthesized products have been characterized by infrared; nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry.

10667102

[ null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null ]

[Synthesis and pharmacologic study of 1,5-dialkyl-1,5-benzodiazepine-2,4-dithiones].

The synthesis and psychotropic activity of 1;5-diakyl-1;5-benzodiazepine-2;4-dithiones (alkyl = methyl; ethyl and benzyl radicals) were studied. Alkylation reactions were performed in catalytic conditions by phase transfer. These reactions allowed us to isolate only one kind of product N-alkyl. Acute toxicity studies were conducted according to European protocols in two species of appropriate mammals in order to discover the lethal doses. The activity of the compounds on the CNS was then studied; using a ba

10667103

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[Synthesis and pharmacologic study of 1,5-dialkyl-1,5-benzodiazepine-2,4-dithiones].

ttery of compartmental tests used in psychopharmacology. No toxicity was demonstrated at therapeutic doses. Each product had a sedative effect more or less pronounced and different from the reference substance clobazam (Urbanyl). They also had myorelaxant and anxiolytic effects; even lengthening the hypnotic effect of thiopental (synergic action).

10667103

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Isomers of substituted 3-benzo[b]furyl and 3-thienylaminobutyric acids as potent ligands of the GABA-B receptor: synthesis and preparative liquid chromatographic separation.

Baclofen (4-amino-3-(4-chlorophenyl)butyric acid) is the only selective agonist for GABA-B receptors. Its R-(-)-enantiomer is about 100 times more active than the S-(+)-enantiomer. In the search for new compounds that bind to GABA-B receptors; it is very important to clarify the structural requirements. The authors report the synthesis and separation of isomers of various 3-heteroaromatic (benzo[b]furan and thiophen) aminobutyric acids. The 4-amino-3-(7-methylbenzo[b]furan-2-yl)butanoic acid is a potent and

10667104

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Isomers of substituted 3-benzo[b]furyl and 3-thienylaminobutyric acids as potent ligands of the GABA-B receptor: synthesis and preparative liquid chromatographic separation.

specific ligand for GABA-B receptors; with an IC50 value of 5.4 microM for the displacement of [3H] GABA.

10667104

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Compatibility study of 5-fluorouracil with PVC bags after repackaging into two types of infusion admixtures.

The stability and compatibility of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in admixtures for continuous intravenous infusion using PVC bags and administration sets were studied. 5-fluorouracil was reconstituted and diluted to 1.8 mg/ml for infusion in polyvinyl chloride and glass containers; and to 1 mg/ml to 16 mg/ml for storage in polyvinyl chloride bags containing 5 per cent dextrose or 0.9 per cent sodium chloride injections. Admixtures were stored at +4 degrees C and with protection from light; for 7 days. Analyses were

10667105

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Compatibility study of 5-fluorouracil with PVC bags after repackaging into two types of infusion admixtures.

performed by HPLC. No significant drug loss was observed during simulated infusions using PVC infusion bags and administration sets vs glass bottles and administration sets; over an infusion period used in hospitals (24 h). The solution stored at +4 degrees C with protection from light in PVC bags showed that at 1 mg/ml to 16 mg/ml; 5-fluorouracil was stable at least for 7 days in 0.9 per cent sodium chloride and 5 per cent dextrose.

10667105

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[The problem of therapeutic efficacy indices. 3. Comparison of the indices and their use].

Efficacy indices do not contain the same information although they are all combinations of the same two quantities. Therefore; one should choose the proper index. Actually; none is entirely appropriate. Each more or less meets the specifications; depending on the underlying effect model for the therapy considered. However; one can say that the absolute benefit is more appropriate from the patient's point of view; the relative from the scientific point of view and the number of patients to treat from the pol

10667106

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[The problem of therapeutic efficacy indices. 3. Comparison of the indices and their use].

icy maker's point of view. Nevertheless; this classification needs to be considered with caution. Finally; it emerges from the review that none is fully relevant to express the efficacy of a therapy; even in the most suitable condition; the acute illness.

10667106

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[Constitutional thrombophilias: indications of the biological profile and therapeutic consequences].

In laboratory screening in patients with clinical thrombophilia (early thromboembolism episode < 50 years; spontaneous thrombosis; recurrent thrombosis; unusual site of thrombosis; thrombotic family history or coumarin-induced skin necrosis complication); an isolated or combined inherited thrombophilia can be observed: antithrombin (0.5 to 4.9 per cent); protein C (1.4 to 8.6 per cent) and protein S (1.4 to 7.5 per cent) deficiencies or factor V Leiden (20 to 30 per cent). Special attention is mandatory in

10667107

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[Constitutional thrombophilias: indications of the biological profile and therapeutic consequences].

prescribing biological exploration because of the many physiological or pharmacological interferences which can modify the results. Identification of a genetic defect may induce specific management and individuals should receive counselling regarding the implications of this diagnosis. Further prospective studies should help to determine the thrombotic risk in symptomatic and non-symptomatic patients with inherited thrombophilia and the risk/benefit ratio of laboratory screening for hereditary thrombophilia

10667107

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[Constitutional thrombophilias: indications of the biological profile and therapeutic consequences].

and therapeutic intervention.

10667107

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[The rational basis for the short-, medium-, and long-term evolution of the pharmaceutical industry].

In the last few years; a worldwide reorganization affecting the entire pharmaceutical industry has begun and is now accelerating. This intense trend of mergers; acquisitions; market entires++ and exits; reorientation and diversification reflects a new environment. This article sets out to explain the reasons behind this inescapable and rapid evolution.

10667108

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[How to improve drug development and utilization in pediatrics].

Insufficient drug evaluation in children and the lack of adapted pharmaceutical formulations explain the importance of unlicensed and off-label prescriptions. As a consequence a regulation proposed in the USA by the Food and Drug Administration; requiring manufactures to assess the safety and effectiveness of new drugs in paediatric patients; has recently been adopted. Appropriate means to facilitate drug evaluation in children are now necessary in terms of recruitment and methodology. A ten-centre American

10667109

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[How to improve drug development and utilization in pediatrics].

Pediatric Pharmacology Research Unit network has been created and is being financed by the National Institute of Health. A similar trend is evolving in Europe. Appropriate drug utilization in children requires adequate formulations; administration devices and information as well as improved knowledge on the long-term potential consequences of drug use during growth and maturation.

10667109

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[Selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors: importance and limitations].

The discovery of an inducible form of cyclooxygenase (COX-2) requires a refinement of the theory that inhibition of cyclooxygenase activity explains both therapeutic effects and side-effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Selective COX-2 inhibitors have demonstrated in clinical trials a significantly better gastrointestinal tolerability than classical NSAIDs; for the same anti-inflammatory activity. Their tolerability in patients with active ulcer or with a recent history of ulcer as wel

10667110

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[Selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors: importance and limitations].

l as in patients suffering from cardiovascular or renal diseases has still to be investigated in detail. Their therapeutic potential in several new indications; including pre-term labour; colorectal cancer and Alzheimer's disease; is currently being investigated.

10667110

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[Research on inflammatory mediators in asthma: new therapeutic approaches].

During the National Meeting of Clinical Pharmacology (Giens 1998); the working group exchanged information and examined the new therapeutic approaches to inflammation in asthma. The group performed a state of the art review of the current research on mediators of bronchial inflammation to determine new pharmacological targets of therapeutic interest. An update on the development of potential drugs acting on these targets was established. Specificities related to asthma in terms of evaluation and development

10667111

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[Research on inflammatory mediators in asthma: new therapeutic approaches].

of anti-inflammatory drugs were discussed. The place of pharmaco-economy in the development of anti-asthmatic drugs was specified.

10667111

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[The place of a new drug in the therapeutic strategy].

A therapeutic strategy is a hierarchical set of appropriate measures to provide an answer to a pathological state. A drug is a part of this set (together with the diagnosis; the environment and the other medicinal interventions or not). A new drug's place in a therapeutic strategy can be evaluated according to one or several referential(s) when it (or they) exist; referentials which express the state of knowledge before launch of the new drug. The drug's profile (indication or contraindication; etc.); at th

10667112

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[The place of a new drug in the therapeutic strategy].

e point when the marketing authorization is given; is purely theoretical. One must evaluate the real place of the drug under its real conditions of use (pragmatic trials; observable surveys). A new drugs' place in a therapeutic strategy can only be evaluated in the course of time unless a therapeutic revolution occurs.

10667112

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[Education and role of the toxicologist].

Toxicology covers a very large scientific area; needing specialists in the main basic disciplines involved; and generalists with a large and practical overview. Academic education; consequently; should take this necessity into account. This education is presently satisfactory in France; even if some adjustments are necessary; for the specialists but is inadequate for the generalists; whereas an important need exists in industry. It should be emphasized that toxicology is a profession and consequently practi

10667113

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[Education and role of the toxicologist].

cal experience is essential; as well as continuing education. In view of this situation; an evaluation of toxicologists in the course of their professional activities is necessary. In the USA; this evaluation is devolved to the American Board of Toxicology and in Europe to the Eurotox Accreditation. In conclusion of the Round Table; 8 recommendations are proposed.

10667113

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[How can institutional structures make clinical research in France more operational?].

The laws regulating the practice of clinical research in France; in particular the law of 20 December 1988; the so-called Huriet's law; constitute a major advance for medical progress. However; their implementation by administrative offices generates practical difficulties which impair the development of applied research in human beings. Beyond the laws themselves; it appears that our institutions are unprepared to optimize the conduct of such research. This round table sought to list the existing problems

10667114

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[How can institutional structures make clinical research in France more operational?].

and to propose constructive solutions or objectives to be reached to optimize clinical research in France; with a view to improving French participation in international collaborative programmes; notably European ones. Evaluation of projects and practices; financial support and accounting; and some aspects of existing laws have been identified as the major sources of our difficulties. Harmonization and clarification of our procedures as well as improvement of training should be our primary objectives to ach

10667114

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[How can institutional structures make clinical research in France more operational?].

ieve a higher level of medical; scientific; financial and administrative quality in the conduct of clinical research. Creation of a referential Web site; designed and updated by a central public organization; is an imperative step towards reaching these objectives.

10667114

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[Making the administration of dry oral forms of cytotoxic medications safer].

nan

10667115

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[Safe oral administration of etoposide: application to pediatric practice].

nan

10667116

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[Electromagnetic effects of pacemaker-systems and the problem of the year 2000].

nan

10667123

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[Belief, science and morals of the majority].

nan

10667122

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[Carbamazepine intolerance mimicking infectious mononucleosis: apropos of 3 cases].

nan

10667117

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[Anxiety in genes and for genes].

nan

10667124

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0.022444457, -0.0403713, -0.052070096, -0.016764795, -0.04324377, -0.04507171, -0.0046220697, -0.008800212, 0.029038088 ]

[Pediatric day surgery of the respiratory tract--indications and prioritization].

Ear; Nose and Throat (ENT) procedures are the most common types of surgery in children and include adenoidectomy; tonsillectomy; myringotomy; ventilation tube insertion or combinations of these. In order to study disease profile and routines for referral and treatment in outpatient otolaryngologic surgery; data were collected from 178 children operated consecutively during a six-week period in 1998. Median time from referral to surgery was less than four months. The majority of children operated for recurre

10667125

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[Pediatric day surgery of the respiratory tract--indications and prioritization].

nt acute otitis media; tonsillitis or upper respiratory infections had suffered from the disease for 12 months or less. Obstructive symptoms were registered in 18% of these children. Most patients were referred to the hospital by specialists in otolaryngology or paediatric medicine. Surgery was more common in male than female-children; and median age at the time of surgery was 4.2 years. There was an equal distribution of middle ear and pharyngeal surgery.

10667125

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[Lansoprazole hypersensitivity syndrome].

nan

10667118

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[Acute disseminated lupus erythematosus. Responsibility of Corenitec: apropos of a case].

nan

10667119

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[Efficient learning with data from own practice--experiences from the SATS-project].

Between 1995 and 1998 the Norwegian Medical Association carried out a project to develop and assess a quality improvement tool for use in general practice (SATS). This method combines self-directed learning; documentation of practice and peer group support. SATS defined performance indicators for registration of practice by means of computerised patient records. Groups of four to ten general practitioners used their own consultation data as a basis for learning cycles. The practice evaluation indicates sign

10667126

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[Efficient learning with data from own practice--experiences from the SATS-project].

ificant improvement in clinical work. Participating doctors found that having their own recorded data examined in a supportive peer environment was a major force for change. They reported satisfaction with the method; and expressed an interest in trying out new topics. However; the project demonstrated the need for simplification of terminology; further development of group process methods and computer software. There is also a need for strong local support of peer review groups.

10667126

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[Latanoprost (Xalatan) and a systemic respiratory effect? Apropos of a case].

nan

10667120

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0.021535514, -0.026825642, -0.017611444, -0.05081203, -0.058981594, 0.01877661, 0.07108863, -0.03195506, -0.0005679356, -0.02087927, -0.025285479, -0.02975865, -0.03650859, 0.042428177, 0.010667311, -0.0184284, -0.030696142, 0.05582091, -0.011725337, -0.25392622, -0.061981566, 0.026249755, 0.029678294, -0.022767644, 0.110998966, -0.044169232, 0.026048865, -0.01715609, 0.00023939509, 0.0123481, -0.018187331, 0.05651733, -0.0030820025, 0.008383851, 0.017718585, 0.031767562, -0.02858009, 0.04057998, -0.011437394, -0.042722818, 0.0072521647, 0.15931994, 0.015897173, -0.023397103, -0.01901768, 0.031017568, 0.07853498, 0.0070512737, 0.050651316, 0.0023688395, 0.0000827629, 0.015267715, 0.0015954092, 0.0071651116, -0.007747696, -0.08014211, -0.04832098, -0.027535457, 0.016781094, 0.0128503265, -0.010640526, -0.022124793, -0.04116926, 0.054374494, -0.05930302, 0.00067382184, -0.07382074, -0.007493234, 0.018455185, -0.04542815, -0.0065122163, -0.012046763, 0.017651621, 0.049285255, -0.011069093, 0.002194734, -0.036455017, 0.03088364, -0.009395001, 0.038946066, -0.044865653, -0.045267437, 0.0661601, -0.020356953 ]

[Transformed migraine--chronic daily headache].

Transformed migraine is probably a common cause of chronic daily headache. The International Headache Society system of diagnostic classification of headache classifies headaches; not patients; and pays no attention to the long-term evolution of the patient's headache. We support the suggestion made by Silberstein et al. that transformed migraine should be used as a diagnostic label in patients suffering from chronic daily headache with "migrainous features" and a history of migraine. Since 1994; intravenou

10667127

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0.00303849, 0.00031500633, -0.021220773, -0.034468655, 0.029153395, -0.03787794, -0.04732729, 0.048105787, 0.087352805, -0.044052232, -0.0030586235, -0.00010758871, -0.060454372, 0.012315028, -0.049099043, 0.022603277, 0.02289857, 0.0043387823, -0.018294696, 0.03409283, 0.008174226, -0.23859611, -0.009590286, -0.019757735, -0.0047280313, -0.03218685, 0.07892356, -0.036992062, 0.039783917, -0.025770959, 0.0024311275, -0.0080332905, 0.054172702, 0.053904254, -0.04072348, 0.090950005, -0.06754138, 0.03173049, 0.012630453, -0.007952756, 0.024415297, 0.0048253434, 0.01701957, 0.0955673, -0.024616633, -0.04614612, 0.0028019205, -0.011543241, 0.09782226, 0.005254859, 0.047032, -0.04568976, 0.015408885, 0.083218716, 0.03025403, 0.058897376, -0.036992062, -0.09427875, 0.018777901, 0.031139906, 0.015677333, -0.025314597, -0.0098251775, 0.026388386, 0.025515933, 0.051783517, -0.07908463, -0.019475864, -0.08590319, -0.027462177, -0.012355295, -0.0031257353, -0.05975641, 0.05535387, 0.05830679, 0.023422042, 0.022885147, -0.02594545, -0.0334754, -0.016925612, -0.027972227, -0.054816976, -0.0014596832, -0.03164996, 0.063353606, 0.025864914 ]

[Transformed migraine--chronic daily headache].

s treatment with dihydroergotamine (DHE) has been used for these patients. Among 16 patients suffering from chronic daily headache which were treated with this drug in 1996; 10 patients reported complete relief of headache at discharge from the hospital; but only four patients experienced complete relief from headache for more than two weeks. We think that the most important treatment for these patients are medicament withdrawal; information; help and support so that patients may cope with their headache. D

10667127

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