/**
 * @test
 * @bug 7070134
 * @summary Hotspot crashes with sigsegv from PorterStemmer
 * @modules java.base/jdk.internal.misc
 * @library /test/lib
 *
 * @run driver jdk.test.lib.FileInstaller words words
 * @run main/othervm -Xbatch compiler.c2.stemmer.Stemmer words
 */

/*

   Porter stemmer in Java. The original paper is in

       Porter, 1980, An algorithm for suffix stripping, Program, Vol. 14,
       no. 3, pp 130-137,

   http://www.tartarus.org/~martin/PorterStemmer

   The software is completely free for any purpose, unless notes at the head
   of the program text indicates otherwise (which is rare). In any case,
   the notes about licensing are never more restrictive than the BSD License.

   In every case where the software is not written by me (Martin Porter),
   this licensing arrangement has been endorsed by the contributor, and it is
   therefore unnecessary to ask the contributor again to confirm it.

   I have not asked any contributors (or their employers, if they have them)
   for proofs that they have the right to distribute their software in this way.

   History:

   Release 1

   Bug 1 (reported by Gonzalo Parra 16/10/99) fixed as marked below.
   The words 'aed', 'eed', 'oed' leave k at 'a' for step 3, and b[k-1]
   is then out outside the bounds of b.

   Release 2

   Similarly,

   Bug 2 (reported by Steve Dyrdahl 22/2/00) fixed as marked below.
   'ion' by itself leaves j = -1 in the test for 'ion' in step 5, and
   b[j] is then outside the bounds of b.

   Release 3

   Considerably revised 4/9/00 in the light of many helpful suggestions
   from Brian Goetz of Quiotix Corporation (brian@quiotix.com).

   Release 4

*/

package compiler.c2.stemmer;

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;

/**
  * Stemmer, implementing the Porter Stemming Algorithm
  *
  * The Stemmer class transforms a word into its root form.  The input
  * word can be provided a character at time (by calling add()), or at once
  * by calling one of the various stem(something) methods.
  */

public class Stemmer
{  private char[] b;
   private int i,     /* offset into b */
               i_end, /* offset to end of stemmed word */
               j, k;
   private static final int INC = 50;
                     /* unit of size whereby b is increased */
   public Stemmer()
   {  b = new char[INC];
      i = 0;
      i_end = 0;
   }

   /**
    * Add a character to the word being stemmed.  When you are finished
    * adding characters, you can call stem(void) to stem the word.
    */

   public void add(char ch)
   {  if (i == b.length)
      {  char[] new_b = new char[i+INC];
         for (int c = 0; c < i; c++) new_b[c] = b[c];
         b = new_b;
      }
      b[i++] = ch;
   }


   /** Adds wLen characters to the word being stemmed contained in a portion
    * of a char[] array. This is like repeated calls of add(char ch), but
    * faster.
    */

   public void add(char[] w, int wLen)
   {  if (i+wLen >= b.length)
      {  char[] new_b = new char[i+wLen+INC];
         for (int c = 0; c < i; c++) new_b[c] = b[c];
         b = new_b;
      }
      for (int c = 0; c < wLen; c++) b[i++] = w[c];
   }

   /**
    * After a word has been stemmed, it can be retrieved by toString(),
    * or a reference to the internal buffer can be retrieved by getResultBuffer
    * and getResultLength (which is generally more efficient.)
    */
   public String toString() { return new String(b,0,i_end); }

   /**
    * Returns the length of the word resulting from the stemming process.
    */
   public int getResultLength() { return i_end; }

   /**
    * Returns a reference to a character buffer containing the results of
    * the stemming process.  You also need to consult getResultLength()
    * to determine the length of the result.
    */
   public char[] getResultBuffer() { return b; }

   /* cons(i) is true <=> b[i] is a consonant. */

   private final boolean cons(int i)
   {  switch (b[i])
      {  case 'a': case 'e': case 'i': case 'o': case 'u': return false;
         case 'y': return (i==0) ? true : !cons(i-1);
         default: return true;
      }
   }

   /* m() measures the number of consonant sequences between 0 and j. if c is
      a consonant sequence and v a vowel sequence, and <..> indicates arbitrary
      presence,

         <c><v>       gives 0
         <c>vc<v>     gives 1
         <c>vcvc<v>   gives 2
         <c>vcvcvc<v> gives 3
         ....
   */

   private final int m()
   {  int n = 0;
      int i = 0;
      while(true)
      {  if (i > j) return n;
         if (! cons(i)) break; i++;
      }
      i++;
      while(true)
      {  while(true)
         {  if (i > j) return n;
               if (cons(i)) break;
               i++;
         }
         i++;
         n++;
         while(true)
         {  if (i > j) return n;
            if (! cons(i)) break;
            i++;
         }
         i++;
       }
   }

   /* vowelinstem() is true <=> 0,...j contains a vowel */

   private final boolean vowelinstem()
   {  int i; for (i = 0; i <= j; i++) if (! cons(i)) return true;
      return false;
   }

   /* doublec(j) is true <=> j,(j-1) contain a double consonant. */

   private final boolean doublec(int j)
   {  if (j < 1) return false;
      if (b[j] != b[j-1]) return false;
      return cons(j);
   }

   /* cvc(i) is true <=> i-2,i-1,i has the form consonant - vowel - consonant
      and also if the second c is not w,x or y. this is used when trying to
      restore an e at the end of a short word. e.g.

         cav(e), lov(e), hop(e), crim(e), but
         snow, box, tray.

   */

   private final boolean cvc(int i)
   {  if (i < 2 || !cons(i) || cons(i-1) || !cons(i-2)) return false;
      {  int ch = b[i];
         if (ch == 'w' || ch == 'x' || ch == 'y') return false;
      }
      return true;
   }

   private final boolean ends(String s)
   {  int l = s.length();
      int o = k-l+1;
      if (o < 0) return false;
      for (int i = 0; i < l; i++) if (b[o+i] != s.charAt(i)) return false;
      j = k-l;
      return true;
   }

   /* setto(s) sets (j+1),...k to the characters in the string s, readjusting
      k. */

   private final void setto(String s)
   {  int l = s.length();
      int o = j+1;
      for (int i = 0; i < l; i++) b[o+i] = s.charAt(i);
      k = j+l;
   }

   /* r(s) is used further down. */

   private final void r(String s) { if (m() > 0) setto(s); }

   /* step1() gets rid of plurals and -ed or -ing. e.g.

          caresses  ->  caress
          ponies    ->  poni
          ties      ->  ti
          caress    ->  caress
          cats      ->  cat

          feed      ->  feed
          agreed    ->  agree
          disabled  ->  disable

          matting   ->  mat
          mating    ->  mate
          meeting   ->  meet
          milling   ->  mill
          messing   ->  mess

          meetings  ->  meet

   */

   private final void step1()
   {  if (b[k] == 's')
      {  if (ends("sses")) k -= 2; else
         if (ends("ies")) setto("i"); else
         if (b[k-1] != 's') k--;
      }
      if (ends("eed")) { if (m() > 0) k--; } else
      if ((ends("ed") || ends("ing")) && vowelinstem())
      {  k = j;
         if (ends("at")) setto("ate"); else
         if (ends("bl")) setto("ble"); else
         if (ends("iz")) setto("ize"); else
         if (doublec(k))
         {  k--;
            {  int ch = b[k];
               if (ch == 'l' || ch == 's' || ch == 'z') k++;
            }
         }
         else if (m() == 1 && cvc(k)) setto("e");
     }
   }

   /* step2() turns terminal y to i when there is another vowel in the stem. */

   private final void step2() { if (ends("y") && vowelinstem()) b[k] = 'i'; }

   /* step3() maps double suffices to single ones. so -ization ( = -ize plus
      -ation) maps to -ize etc. note that the string before the suffix must give
      m() > 0. */

   private final void step3() { if (k == 0) return; /* For Bug 1 */ switch (b[k-1])
   {
       case 'a': if (ends("ational")) { r("ate"); break; }
                 if (ends("tional")) { r("tion"); break; }
                 break;
       case 'c': if (ends("enci")) { r("ence"); break; }
                 if (ends("anci")) { r("ance"); break; }
                 break;
       case 'e': if (ends("izer")) { r("ize"); break; }
                 break;
       case 'l': if (ends("bli")) { r("ble"); break; }
                 if (ends("alli")) { r("al"); break; }
                 if (ends("entli")) { r("ent"); break; }
                 if (ends("eli")) { r("e"); break; }
                 if (ends("ousli")) { r("ous"); break; }
                 break;
       case 'o': if (ends("ization")) { r("ize"); break; }
                 if (ends("ation")) { r("ate"); break; }
                 if (ends("ator")) { r("ate"); break; }
                 break;
       case 's': if (ends("alism")) { r("al"); break; }
                 if (ends("iveness")) { r("ive"); break; }
                 if (ends("fulness")) { r("ful"); break; }
                 if (ends("ousness")) { r("ous"); break; }
                 break;
       case 't': if (ends("aliti")) { r("al"); break; }
                 if (ends("iviti")) { r("ive"); break; }
                 if (ends("biliti")) { r("ble"); break; }
                 break;
       case 'g': if (ends("logi")) { r("log"); break; }
   } }

   /* step4() deals with -ic-, -full, -ness etc. similar strategy to step3. */

   private final void step4() { switch (b[k])
   {
       case 'e': if (ends("icate")) { r("ic"); break; }
                 if (ends("ative")) { r(""); break; }
                 if (ends("alize")) { r("al"); break; }
                 break;
       case 'i': if (ends("iciti")) { r("ic"); break; }
                 break;
       case 'l': if (ends("ical")) { r("ic"); break; }
                 if (ends("ful")) { r(""); break; }
                 break;
       case 's': if (ends("ness")) { r(""); break; }
                 break;
   } }

   /* step5() takes off -ant, -ence etc., in context <c>vcvc<v>. */

   private final void step5()
   {   if (k == 0) return; /* for Bug 1 */ switch (b[k-1])
       {  case 'a': if (ends("al")) break; return;
          case 'c': if (ends("ance")) break;
                    if (ends("ence")) break; return;
          case 'e': if (ends("er")) break; return;
          case 'i': if (ends("ic")) break; return;
          case 'l': if (ends("able")) break;
                    if (ends("ible")) break; return;
          case 'n': if (ends("ant")) break;
                    if (ends("ement")) break;
                    if (ends("ment")) break;
                    /* element etc. not stripped before the m */
                    if (ends("ent")) break; return;
          case 'o': if (ends("ion") && j >= 0 && (b[j] == 's' || b[j] == 't')) break;
                                    /* j >= 0 fixes Bug 2 */
                    if (ends("ou")) break; return;
                    /* takes care of -ous */
          case 's': if (ends("ism")) break; return;
          case 't': if (ends("ate")) break;
                    if (ends("iti")) break; return;
          case 'u': if (ends("ous")) break; return;
          case 'v': if (ends("ive")) break; return;
          case 'z': if (ends("ize")) break; return;
          default: return;
       }
       if (m() > 1) k = j;
   }

   /* step6() removes a final -e if m() > 1. */

   private final void step6()
   {  j = k;
      if (b[k] == 'e')
      {  int a = m();
         if (a > 1 || a == 1 && !cvc(k-1)) k--;
      }
      if (b[k] == 'l' && doublec(k) && m() > 1) k--;
   }

   /** Stem the word placed into the Stemmer buffer through calls to add().
    * Returns true if the stemming process resulted in a word different
    * from the input.  You can retrieve the result with
    * getResultLength()/getResultBuffer() or toString().
    */
   public void stem()
   {  k = i - 1;
      if (k > 1) { step1(); step2(); step3(); step4(); step5(); step6(); }
      i_end = k+1; i = 0;
   }

   /** Test program for demonstrating the Stemmer.  It reads text from a
    * a list of files, stems each word, and writes the result to standard
    * output. Note that the word stemmed is expected to be in lower case:
    * forcing lower case must be done outside the Stemmer class.
    * Usage: Stemmer file-name file-name ...
    */
   public static void main(String[] args)
   {
      char[] w = new char[501];
      Stemmer s = new Stemmer();
      for (int i = 0; i < args.length; i++)
      try
      {
         FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(args[i]);

         try
         { while(true)

           {  int ch = in.read();
              if (Character.isLetter((char) ch))
              {
                 int j = 0;
                 while(true)
                 {  ch = Character.toLowerCase((char) ch);
                    w[j] = (char) ch;
                    if (j < 500) j++;
                    ch = in.read();
                    if (!Character.isLetter((char) ch))
                    {
                       /* to test add(char ch) */
                       for (int c = 0; c < j; c++) s.add(w[c]);

                       /* or, to test add(char[] w, int j) */
                       /* s.add(w, j); */

                       s.stem();
                       {  String u;

                          /* and now, to test toString() : */
                          u = s.toString();

                          /* to test getResultBuffer(), getResultLength() : */
                          /* u = new String(s.getResultBuffer(), 0, s.getResultLength()); */

                          System.out.print(u);
                       }
                       break;
                    }
                 }
              }
              if (ch < 0) break;
              System.out.print((char)ch);
           }
         }
         catch (IOException e)
         {  System.out.println("error reading " + args[i]);
            break;
         }
      }
      catch (FileNotFoundException e)
      {  System.out.println("file " + args[i] + " not found");
         break;
      }
   }
}
