Measurement of sulfamethizole clearance rate by nonthrombogenic constant blood-withdrawal system.
A method for the measurement of the total body clearance rate (CR) of drugs is described. It involves a single intravenous injection of a known quantity of the drug (D) and automatic integration of the plasma concentration curve, using a portable, nonthrombogenic, constant blood-withdrawal system. When blood withdrawal is carried out until the concentration of the drug in the plasma approaches zero, the concentration of the drug in the collected pool, the integrated concentration (ICT) multiplied by the time of collection (T) yields the integral of the concentration curve: (see article). The method was tested by measuring the clearance rate of sulfamethizole in five dogs by the established constant infusion method. At three plasma levels (25, 75, and 200 mg/liter), the plasma concentration had no significant effect on the clearance rate. The clearance rate of sulfamethizole was subsequently measured in the same dogs by the new single-injection constant withdrawal method. Multiple blood samples were collected at 15-min intervals simultaneously with the constant withdrawal of blood. There was no significant difference between the clearance rate of sulfamethizole measured by the two methods. The initial peak mean concentration of the drug from the time of injection (t = 0) to the time of the first blood sampling (t = 15 min) was calculated from the difference between (see article) obtained by the constant withdrawal method and that obtained from the results of the multiple blood withdrawals by the trapezoidal rule. The integrated concentration IC15 was significantly higher than its estimation by the semilogarithmic linear regression method.