Q:

Was there a tax on being fat in Gaul?

I vaguely remember reading something about this but I'd like to dig up some sources. Google isn't much help on that one.
This could have applied to some tribes, Gaul or the Celtic world at large, but again I don't remember for sure.

A:

I think you're remembering a comment in Strabo's Geography, Book 4, Chapter 4, where he quotes Ephorus saying:

Ephorus, in his account, makes Celtica so excessive in its size that
  he assigns to the regions of Celtic most of the regions, as far as
  Gades, of what we now call Iberia; further, he declares that the
  people are fond of the Greeks, and specifies many things about them
  that do not fit the facts of to‑day. The following, also, is a thing
  peculiar to them, that they endeavour not to grow fat or pot-bellied,
  and any young man who exceeds the standard measure of the girdle is
  punished.

Of course, this is in no way necessarily a tax, nor does it actually expand on what that punishment was if it was ever truly implemented in Ephorus's time (c. 400 – 330 BC). It even seems the idea of this punishment was strange to Strabo based on what he knew of those peoples in his time (c. 64 BC to 24 AD).
He also seems to be only referring to the region of Celtica in central Gaul.

