Datasets:

LxYxvv

/

ChinaDaily_EN_ZH

like 2

你可能想象不到，在英国这样的发达国家，还有人买不起卫生巾。但事实上，“月经贫困”在世界范围内普遍存在。日前苏格兰通过了一项史无前例的法案，免费向所有人供应月经用品，让女性从此告别“月经贫困”。 Photo from Pexels by Karolina Grabowska Scotland has become the first country to allow free and universal access to menstrual products, including tampons and pads, in public facilities, a landmark victory for the global movement against period poverty. 苏格兰成为世界首个在公共设施免费向所有人供应卫生棉条和卫生护垫等经期卫生用品的地区，这是全球对抗月经贫困运动的一次里程碑式的胜利。 The Scottish Parliament voted unanimously in favor of the Period Products bill on Tuesday, months after lawmakers had initially signaled their support. 本周二（11月24日），苏格兰议会一致投票通过了月经用品法案。几个月前，苏格兰立法者已初步批准了这一法案。 It means period products will be available to access in public buildings including schools and universities across Scotland. According to the new rules, it will be up to local authorities and education providers to ensure the products are available free of charge. 这意味着苏格兰各地包括中小学和大学在内的公共场所将会免费提供月经用品。根据新法规，地方政府部门和教育机构将确保免费供应月经用品。 "The campaign has been backed by a wide coalition, including trades unions, women's organisations and charities," Monica Lennon, the lawmaker who introduced the bill last year, said ahead of the vote. "Scotland will not be the last country to make period poverty history." 去年提出这一法案的议员莫妮卡·列侬在投票前表示：“该运动受到了各联盟的广泛支持，包括工会、妇女组织和慈善团体。苏格兰不会是最后一个让月经贫困成为历史的地区。” After the vote, Lennon said the decision was "a signal to the world that free universal access to period products can be achieved." 在投票结束后，列侬表示，这一决定“向世界释放出一个信号，那就是全面免费供应月经用品是可以实现的”。 The bill's accompanying financial memorandum estimates it could cost around £8.7 million a year by 2022, depending on the number of women who will take advantage of the free products. 该法案附带的财务备忘录估计，到2022年，该免费项目每年将耗资约870万英镑（约合人民币7649万元），具体数目取决于领用免费月经用品的女性数量。 The new law was praised by a number of equality and women's rights groups as well as politicians from across the parties represented in the Scottish Parliament. 新法规受到了许多平权和女权团体以及苏格兰议会中各党派政界人士的赞扬。 "Proud to vote for this groundbreaking legislation, making Scotland the first country in the world to provide free period products for all who need them. An important policy for women and girls," Scotland's First Minister Nicola Sturgeon said on her official Twitter page after the vote. 苏格兰首席部长尼古拉·斯特金投票结束后在她的官方推特页面上写道：“能为这一开创性法案投票，我感到很骄傲。该法案让苏格兰成为世界上第一个向所有需要的人免费提供月经用品的地区。这对于女性而言是一项重要的政策。” One in 10 girls in the United Kingdom have been unable to afford period products, according to a 2017 survey from Plan International UK. The survey also found that nearly half of all girls aged 14 to 21 are embarrassed by their periods, while about half had missed an entire day of school because of them. 根据英国国际计划2017年的一项调查，英国有十分之一的女孩买不起月经用品。调查还发现，年龄在14岁到21岁之间的女孩中有近半数因为月经而感到尴尬，约半数女孩因为来月经而请假一整天不去上学。 Scotland's move follows a string of recent attempts to tackle period poverty in the country. 在法案通过前，近年来苏格兰曾作出一系列努力来解决月经贫困问题。 In 2018, the government announced that students in schools, colleges and universities across the countries would be able to access sanitary products for free, through a £5.2 million investment. In 2019, it allocated another £4 million to make period products available for free in libraries and recreational centers. 2018年，苏格兰政府宣布，将通过一项520万英镑的投资向全国大中小学的学生免费供应卫生用品。2019年，苏格兰政府又拨款400万英镑让图书馆和娱乐中心免费提供月经用品。 England last year also launched an initiative to provide free sanitary products in schools, and New Zealand did the same earlier this year. 去年英格兰还发起一项运动，在学校免费提供卫生用品，今年早些时候新西兰也如法炮制。 英文来源：美国有线电视新闻网 翻译&编辑：丹妮

Photo from Pexels by Karolina Grabowska Scotland has become the first country to allow free and universal access to menstrual products, including tampons and pads, in public facilities, a landmark victory for the global movement against period poverty. The Scottish Parliament voted unanimously in favor of the Period Products bill on Tuesday, months after lawmakers had initially signaled their support. It means period products will be available to access in public buildings including schools and universities across Scotland. According to the new rules, it will be up to local authorities and education providers to ensure the products are available free of charge. "The campaign has been backed by a wide coalition, including trades unions, women's organisations and charities," Monica Lennon, the lawmaker who introduced the bill last year, said ahead of the vote. "Scotland will not be the last country to make period poverty history." After the vote, Lennon said the decision was "a signal to the world that free universal access to period products can be achieved." The bill's accompanying financial memorandum estimates it could cost around £8.7 million a year by 2022, depending on the number of women who will take advantage of the free products. The new law was praised by a number of equality and women's rights groups as well as politicians from across the parties represented in the Scottish Parliament. "Proud to vote for this groundbreaking legislation, making Scotland the first country in the world to provide free period products for all who need them. An important policy for women and girls," Scotland's First Minister Nicola Sturgeon said on her official Twitter page after the vote. One in 10 girls in the United Kingdom have been unable to afford period products, according to a 2017 survey from Plan International UK. The survey also found that nearly half of all girls aged 14 to 21 are embarrassed by their periods, while about half had missed an entire day of school because of them. Scotland's move follows a string of recent attempts to tackle period poverty in the country. In 2018, the government announced that students in schools, colleges and universities across the countries would be able to access sanitary products for free, through a £5.2 million investment. In 2019, it allocated another £4 million to make period products available for free in libraries and recreational centers. England last year also launched an initiative to provide free sanitary products in schools, and New Zealand did the same earlier this year.

你可能想象不到，在英国这样的发达国家，还有人买不起卫生巾。但事实上，“月经贫困”在世界范围内普遍存在。日前苏格兰通过了一项史无前例的法案，免费向所有人供应月经用品，让女性从此告别“月经贫困”。 苏格兰成为世界首个在公共设施免费向所有人供应卫生棉条和卫生护垫等经期卫生用品的地区，这是全球对抗月经贫困运动的一次里程碑式的胜利。 本周二（11月24日），苏格兰议会一致投票通过了月经用品法案。几个月前，苏格兰立法者已初步批准了这一法案。 这意味着苏格兰各地包括中小学和大学在内的公共场所将会免费提供月经用品。根据新法规，地方政府部门和教育机构将确保免费供应月经用品。 去年提出这一法案的议员莫妮卡·列侬在投票前表示：“该运动受到了各联盟的广泛支持，包括工会、妇女组织和慈善团体。苏格兰不会是最后一个让月经贫困成为历史的地区。” 在投票结束后，列侬表示，这一决定“向世界释放出一个信号，那就是全面免费供应月经用品是可以实现的”。 该法案附带的财务备忘录估计，到2022年，该免费项目每年将耗资约870万英镑（约合人民币7649万元），具体数目取决于领用免费月经用品的女性数量。 新法规受到了许多平权和女权团体以及苏格兰议会中各党派政界人士的赞扬。 苏格兰首席部长尼古拉·斯特金投票结束后在她的官方推特页面上写道：“能为这一开创性法案投票，我感到很骄傲。该法案让苏格兰成为世界上第一个向所有需要的人免费提供月经用品的地区。这对于女性而言是一项重要的政策。” 根据英国国际计划2017年的一项调查，英国有十分之一的女孩买不起月经用品。调查还发现，年龄在14岁到21岁之间的女孩中有近半数因为月经而感到尴尬，约半数女孩因为来月经而请假一整天不去上学。 在法案通过前，近年来苏格兰曾作出一系列努力来解决月经贫困问题。 2018年，苏格兰政府宣布，将通过一项520万英镑的投资向全国大中小学的学生免费供应卫生用品。2019年，苏格兰政府又拨款400万英镑让图书馆和娱乐中心免费提供月经用品。 去年英格兰还发起一项运动，在学校免费提供卫生用品，今年早些时候新西兰也如法炮制。 英文来源：美国有线电视新闻网 翻译&编辑：丹妮

11月24日，万众瞩目的嫦娥五号一飞冲天，进入预定轨道，发射取得圆满成功，开启我国首次地外天体采样返回之旅。 作为人类探索月球的又一次伟大尝试，这一新闻也引爆了外媒的热情。 《纽约时报》：中国开启月球任务，将带回月壤 上一次月球样品被带回地球，还是40多年前，这次嫦娥五号带回的丰富样本将具有巨大科研价值 国家地理：中国的最新月球任务将带回1976年以来第一抔月壤 嫦娥五号航天器踏上征途，将为地球采回最新鲜的月壤，帮助科学家解开月球历史之谜 美联社：中国迄今最具野心的月球任务将带回月岩 外媒提到， 此次任务将使中国成为继美国和前苏联后第三个采回月球样本的国家。 《卫报》报道称： The Chang’e 5 mission, named after the ancient Chinese goddess of the moon, will seek to collect lunar material to help scientists understand more about the moon’s origins and formation. The mission will test China’s ability to remotely acquire samples from space before more complex missions. 以中国古代月宫仙女命名的嫦娥五号将采集回月球样本，让科学家更多地了解月球的来源和形成。这一任务将考验中国地外天体采样返回的能力，从而继续推进更为复杂的太空任务。 If successful, the mission would make China only the third country to have retrieved lunar samples, joining the United States and the former Soviet Union. 此次任务成功的话，中国将成为继美国和前苏联后第三个采回月球样本的国家。 外国专家：这次任务意义非凡 外国专家对于这次任务也充满期待。 据《纽约时报》报道，美国宇航局（NASA）副首席科学家戴维·德雷珀（David S. Draper）评论称： "This is a really audacious mission. They’re going to move the ball down the field in a big way with respect to understanding a lot of things that are important about lunar history." 这真是一次非常大胆的任务。将大大推进人类对于月球的了解，掌握更多与月球历史相关的知识。 嫦娥五号探测器是迄今为止我国研制的最为复杂的航天器系统，由轨道器、返回器、着陆器、上升器4个器以及15个分系统组成。 美国海军军事学院的太空专家琼·约翰逊-弗里兹（Joan Johnson-Freese）认为，该探测器的技术复杂性使其“在很多方面都具有非凡意义”（remarkable in many ways）： If successful, it could be a blueprint for a Mars sample return or even a crewed lunar mission, Johnson-Freese said. 约翰逊-弗里兹说，如果任务成功，它将成为未来火星采样返回，甚至载人登月任务的蓝本。 "China is showing itself capable of developing and successfully carrying out sustained high-tech programs, important for regional influence and potentially global partnerships," she said. 她说：“中国开始展现出研发和成功实施可持续高科技项目的能力，这对于增强地域影响力和加强潜在国际合作都至关重要。” 任务很复杂，但“中国能搞定” 在此次任务中，“嫦娥五号”将经过着陆器落月、月表采样、月球起飞、轨道对接、样品转移、返回器返回等11个阶段，20余天的在轨飞行过程，采集约2千克月球样品返回地球。 任务难度非常之大，但哈佛-史密森天体物理中心的天文学家乔纳森·麦克道尔（Jonathan McDowell）认为，“中国肯定能搞定”（China can pull this off），他的理由也很充分： The mission is "indeed challenging," but China has already landed twice on the moon with its Chang'e 3 and Chang'e 4 missions, and showed with a 2014 Chang'e 5 test mission that it can navigate back to Earth, re-enter and land a capsule, said Jonathan McDowell. 麦克道尔说，这次任务“确实很有挑战性”，但中国已经通过嫦娥三号和嫦娥四号登陆了月球，2014年，嫦娥五号“探路兵”的再入飞行试验成功，证明中国有能力执行月地返回、再入返回和返回舱着陆回收的任务。 All that's left is to show it can collect samples and take off again from the moon, McDowell said. "As a result of this, I’m pretty optimistic that China can pull this off," he said. 现在剩下的就是展示它采集样本、重新从月球起飞的能力。麦克道尔说，“所以说，中国肯定能搞定，我对此非常乐观。” 《纽约时报》：中国起步晚，但进步快 《纽约时报》还盘点了中国近年来探索太空的努力，指出中国是本世纪唯一个将机器人巡视器送上月球的国家。 In this century, so far only China has successfully put robotic spacecraft on the surface of the moon: Chang’e 3 in December 2013, and Chang’e 4, which in January 2019 became the first spacecraft to land on the far side of the moon. Chang’e 4’s rover, called Yutu 2, is still operating, studying lunar geology nearly two years later. 在本世纪，目前只有中国成功将机器人航天器送上月球：2013年12月的嫦娥三号，和2019年1月的嫦娥四号，后者是首个在月球背面着陆的探测器。嫦娥四号的巡视器，玉兔二号，现在仍在工作，在着陆近2年后还在研究月球地质。 2019年1月11日，玉兔二号拍摄的嫦娥四号 图源：新华社 报道还称，虽然中国进入太空领域的时间很晚，但取得的进步却非同小可。 Although China ventured into space much later than the United States and the former Soviet Union, the country has made huge progress over the past decade, and is now among the elite ranks of space-faring nations. 虽然中国进入太空领域的时间远晚于美国和前苏联，但该国在过去十年成绩斐然，现已跻身航天大国之列。 In addition to the lunar missions, China’s astronauts have docked in orbit with space stations of the country’s own construction three times. In July, the Tianwen 1 mission set course for Mars, and will try to land on the red planet’s surface next year. 除了探月计划，中国还在低地轨道实现三次与空间站的载人交会对接任务。今年7月，天问一号开启探索火星的征程，将于明年降落在这颗红色星球上。 编辑：左卓 来源：纽约时报 卫报 美联社

The Chang’e 5 mission, named after the ancient Chinese goddess of the moon, will seek to collect lunar material to help scientists understand more about the moon’s origins and formation. The mission will test China’s ability to remotely acquire samples from space before more complex missions. If successful, the mission would make China only the third country to have retrieved lunar samples, joining the United States and the former Soviet Union. "This is a really audacious mission. They’re going to move the ball down the field in a big way with respect to understanding a lot of things that are important about lunar history." If successful, it could be a blueprint for a Mars sample return or even a crewed lunar mission, Johnson-Freese said. "China is showing itself capable of developing and successfully carrying out sustained high-tech programs, important for regional influence and potentially global partnerships," she said. The mission is "indeed challenging," but China has already landed twice on the moon with its Chang'e 3 and Chang'e 4 missions, and showed with a 2014 Chang'e 5 test mission that it can navigate back to Earth, re-enter and land a capsule, said Jonathan McDowell. All that's left is to show it can collect samples and take off again from the moon, McDowell said. "As a result of this, I’m pretty optimistic that China can pull this off," he said. In this century, so far only China has successfully put robotic spacecraft on the surface of the moon: Chang’e 3 in December 2013, and Chang’e 4, which in January 2019 became the first spacecraft to land on the far side of the moon. Chang’e 4’s rover, called Yutu 2, is still operating, studying lunar geology nearly two years later. Although China ventured into space much later than the United States and the former Soviet Union, the country has made huge progress over the past decade, and is now among the elite ranks of space-faring nations. In addition to the lunar missions, China’s astronauts have docked in orbit with space stations of the country’s own construction three times. In July, the Tianwen 1 mission set course for Mars, and will try to land on the red planet’s surface next year.

11月24日，万众瞩目的嫦娥五号一飞冲天，进入预定轨道，发射取得圆满成功，开启我国首次地外天体采样返回之旅。 作为人类探索月球的又一次伟大尝试，这一新闻也引爆了外媒的热情。 《纽约时报》：中国开启月球任务，将带回月壤 上一次月球样品被带回地球，还是40多年前，这次嫦娥五号带回的丰富样本将具有巨大科研价值 国家地理：中国的最新月球任务将带回1976年以来第一抔月壤 嫦娥五号航天器踏上征途，将为地球采回最新鲜的月壤，帮助科学家解开月球历史之谜 美联社：中国迄今最具野心的月球任务将带回月岩 外媒提到， 此次任务将使中国成为继美国和前苏联后第三个采回月球样本的国家。 《卫报》报道称： 以中国古代月宫仙女命名的嫦娥五号将采集回月球样本，让科学家更多地了解月球的来源和形成。这一任务将考验中国地外天体采样返回的能力，从而继续推进更为复杂的太空任务。 此次任务成功的话，中国将成为继美国和前苏联后第三个采回月球样本的国家。 外国专家：这次任务意义非凡 外国专家对于这次任务也充满期待。 据《纽约时报》报道，美国宇航局（NASA）副首席科学家戴维·德雷珀（David S. Draper）评论称： 这真是一次非常大胆的任务。将大大推进人类对于月球的了解，掌握更多与月球历史相关的知识。 嫦娥五号探测器是迄今为止我国研制的最为复杂的航天器系统，由轨道器、返回器、着陆器、上升器4个器以及15个分系统组成。 美国海军军事学院的太空专家琼·约翰逊-弗里兹（Joan Johnson-Freese）认为，该探测器的技术复杂性使其“在很多方面都具有非凡意义”（remarkable in many ways）： 约翰逊-弗里兹说，如果任务成功，它将成为未来火星采样返回，甚至载人登月任务的蓝本。 她说：“中国开始展现出研发和成功实施可持续高科技项目的能力，这对于增强地域影响力和加强潜在国际合作都至关重要。” 任务很复杂，但“中国能搞定” 在此次任务中，“嫦娥五号”将经过着陆器落月、月表采样、月球起飞、轨道对接、样品转移、返回器返回等11个阶段，20余天的在轨飞行过程，采集约2千克月球样品返回地球。 任务难度非常之大，但哈佛-史密森天体物理中心的天文学家乔纳森·麦克道尔（Jonathan McDowell）认为，“中国肯定能搞定”（China can pull this off），他的理由也很充分： 麦克道尔说，这次任务“确实很有挑战性”，但中国已经通过嫦娥三号和嫦娥四号登陆了月球，2014年，嫦娥五号“探路兵”的再入飞行试验成功，证明中国有能力执行月地返回、再入返回和返回舱着陆回收的任务。 现在剩下的就是展示它采集样本、重新从月球起飞的能力。麦克道尔说，“所以说，中国肯定能搞定，我对此非常乐观。” 《纽约时报》：中国起步晚，但进步快 《纽约时报》还盘点了中国近年来探索太空的努力，指出中国是本世纪唯一个将机器人巡视器送上月球的国家。 在本世纪，目前只有中国成功将机器人航天器送上月球：2013年12月的嫦娥三号，和2019年1月的嫦娥四号，后者是首个在月球背面着陆的探测器。嫦娥四号的巡视器，玉兔二号，现在仍在工作，在着陆近2年后还在研究月球地质。 2019年1月11日，玉兔二号拍摄的嫦娥四号 图源：新华社 报道还称，虽然中国进入太空领域的时间很晚，但取得的进步却非同小可。 虽然中国进入太空领域的时间远晚于美国和前苏联，但该国在过去十年成绩斐然，现已跻身航天大国之列。 除了探月计划，中国还在低地轨道实现三次与空间站的载人交会对接任务。今年7月，天问一号开启探索火星的征程，将于明年降落在这颗红色星球上。 编辑：左卓 来源：纽约时报 卫报 美联社

每一年，《牛津英语词典》都会评选出一个最具代表性的年度词汇，但是今年，《牛津英语词典》却表示，没有办法用一个词汇来概括2020年，他们实在是选不出来。 Photo by Pisit Heng on Unsplash The Oxford English Dictionary (OED) has been unable to name its traditional word of the year for 2020, instead exploring how far and how quickly the language has developed this year. 《牛津英语词典》无法选出传统的年度词汇，而是探讨了今年英语语言发展的程度之深、速度之快。 "It quickly became apparent that 2020 is not a year that could neatly be accommodated in one single 'word of the year,'" the OED said, with the language adapting "rapidly and repeatedly." 《牛津英语词典》称，由于语言“一次又一次地快速”适应社会变化，“很快我们就发现，2020年显然不能用一个年度词汇来概括”。 The report, titled "Words of an Unprecedented Year," uses an adjective that has itself seen a big spike in use during 2020. 这份报告的标题是“史无前例的一年的词汇”，采用了一个2020年使用量大增的形容词（Unprecedented）。 "Though what was genuinely unprecedented this year was the hyper-speed at which the English-speaking world amassed a new collective vocabulary relating to the coronavirus, and how quickly it became, in many instances, a core part of the language," the report reads. 报告写道：“今年英语世界中和新冠病毒有关的新词积累的速度确实是史无前例，在很多情况下，这些词还以史无前例的速度成为了英语的核心部分。” It moves through the year, detailing the most important words in certain months, based on spikes in use, from " bushfire " in January, when Australia suffered its worst fire season on record, to " acquittal " in February, when US President Donald Trump's impeachment trial ended. 该报告详述了这一年的特定月份中基于使用量增长情况的最重要词汇，从一月份的“丛林火灾”（澳大利亚当时遭遇了史上最严重的火灾季），到二月份的“无罪判决”（指的是美国总统特朗普的弹劾案终结）。 From March onward, terms related to the coronavirus pandemic start to dominate, including " Covid-19 ," a completely new word, first recorded on February 11; " lockdown ," " social distancing " and " reopening ." 从三月份开始，和新冠疫情有关的词汇开始占据主导地位，包括全新词汇“新冠肺炎”（2月11日首次记载）、“封锁”、“社交隔离”和“重新开放”。 In June, use of the phrase " Black Lives Matter " exploded, followed by " cancel culture " and " BIPOC ," an abbreviation of "Black, indigenous and other people of color." 六月份，“黑人的命也是命”这一短语的使用量暴增，其次是“取消文化”和缩写“BIPOC”（指黑人、原住民和其他有色人种）。 " Mail-in " and " Belarusian " were both flagged as words of the month for August, referring to mail-in voting for the US election and the controversial reelection of Belarusian President Alexander Lukashenko, respectively. 八月份的热门词汇是“邮寄选票”和“白俄罗斯的”，分别指邮寄美国大选选票和白俄罗斯总统亚历山大·卢卡申科在争议中再次当选。 " Moonshot ," the name the UK government gave to its mass coronavirus testing program, appears in September, while " net zero " and " superspreader " are highlighted in October. 九月份的热词是“登月”，指的是英国政府给大规模新冠测试项目取的名字。十月份的热词则是“净零”和“超级传播者”。 Net zero refers to Chinese government's pledge that the country will be carbon neutral by 2060, and superspreader , a word that dates to the 1970s, according to the OED, saw a spike in use after a cluster of Covid-19 cases at the White House. “净零”指的是中国政府承诺中国将在2060年前实现碳中和。据《牛津英语词典》记载，“超级传播者”一词起源于上世纪70年代，在白宫出现新冠聚集性感染之后该词的使用量大增。 The OED named "climate emergency" as word of the year in 2019, and "toxic" in 2018. 《牛津英语词典》将“ 气候紧急状态 ”评选为2019年度词汇，而2018年度词汇是“ 有毒的 ”。 英文来源：美国有线电视新闻网 翻译&编辑：丹妮

Photo by Pisit Heng on Unsplash The Oxford English Dictionary (OED) has been unable to name its traditional word of the year for 2020, instead exploring how far and how quickly the language has developed this year. "It quickly became apparent that 2020 is not a year that could neatly be accommodated in one single 'word of the year,'" the OED said, with the language adapting "rapidly and repeatedly." The report, titled "Words of an Unprecedented Year," uses an adjective that has itself seen a big spike in use during 2020. "Though what was genuinely unprecedented this year was the hyper-speed at which the English-speaking world amassed a new collective vocabulary relating to the coronavirus, and how quickly it became, in many instances, a core part of the language," the report reads. It moves through the year, detailing the most important words in certain months, based on spikes in use, from " bushfire " in January, when Australia suffered its worst fire season on record, to " acquittal " in February, when US President Donald Trump's impeachment trial ended. From March onward, terms related to the coronavirus pandemic start to dominate, including " Covid-19 ," a completely new word, first recorded on February 11; " lockdown ," " social distancing " and " reopening ." In June, use of the phrase " Black Lives Matter " exploded, followed by " cancel culture " and " BIPOC ," an abbreviation of "Black, indigenous and other people of color." " Mail-in " and " Belarusian " were both flagged as words of the month for August, referring to mail-in voting for the US election and the controversial reelection of Belarusian President Alexander Lukashenko, respectively. " Moonshot ," the name the UK government gave to its mass coronavirus testing program, appears in September, while " net zero " and " superspreader " are highlighted in October. Net zero refers to Chinese government's pledge that the country will be carbon neutral by 2060, and superspreader , a word that dates to the 1970s, according to the OED, saw a spike in use after a cluster of Covid-19 cases at the White House. The OED named "climate emergency" as word of the year in 2019, and "toxic" in 2018. ”。

每一年，《牛津英语词典》都会评选出一个最具代表性的年度词汇，但是今年，《牛津英语词典》却表示，没有办法用一个词汇来概括2020年，他们实在是选不出来。 《牛津英语词典》无法选出传统的年度词汇，而是探讨了今年英语语言发展的程度之深、速度之快。 《牛津英语词典》称，由于语言“一次又一次地快速”适应社会变化，“很快我们就发现，2020年显然不能用一个年度词汇来概括”。 这份报告的标题是“史无前例的一年的词汇”，采用了一个2020年使用量大增的形容词（Unprecedented）。 报告写道：“今年英语世界中和新冠病毒有关的新词积累的速度确实是史无前例，在很多情况下，这些词还以史无前例的速度成为了英语的核心部分。” 该报告详述了这一年的特定月份中基于使用量增长情况的最重要词汇，从一月份的“丛林火灾”（澳大利亚当时遭遇了史上最严重的火灾季），到二月份的“无罪判决”（指的是美国总统特朗普的弹劾案终结）。 从三月份开始，和新冠疫情有关的词汇开始占据主导地位，包括全新词汇“新冠肺炎”（2月11日首次记载）、“封锁”、“社交隔离”和“重新开放”。 六月份，“黑人的命也是命”这一短语的使用量暴增，其次是“取消文化”和缩写“BIPOC”（指黑人、原住民和其他有色人种）。 八月份的热门词汇是“邮寄选票”和“白俄罗斯的”，分别指邮寄美国大选选票和白俄罗斯总统亚历山大·卢卡申科在争议中再次当选。 九月份的热词是“登月”，指的是英国政府给大规模新冠测试项目取的名字。十月份的热词则是“净零”和“超级传播者”。 “净零”指的是中国政府承诺中国将在2060年前实现碳中和。据《牛津英语词典》记载，“超级传播者”一词起源于上世纪70年代，在白宫出现新冠聚集性感染之后该词的使用量大增。 《牛津英语词典》将“ 气候紧急状态 ”评选为2019年度词汇，而2018年度词汇是“ 有毒的 英文来源：美国有线电视新闻网 翻译&编辑：丹妮

不久前，微博话题“被姓毁掉的名字”上了热搜。 “子腾”“初墨”这样的名字，配上“杜”和“熊”这样的姓氏，画风就变了。 网友们甚至创造了“……多么好听的名字，可惜姓……”这样的句式，随便代入下面的哪一组姓名都有原地裂开的效果。 这么看来，取名字的父母们还得非常小心自家小孩的名字会不会跟滑稽的词语谐音。 拥有这些名字的小孩成长起来自然也不容易。 在许多文化里，姓+名，亦或是名+姓都是标配。滑稽的效果通常藏在姓名的犄角旮旯里。 别叫我啦，我真的“去睡觉”了 英国有些不寻常的姓氏。Great British Mag列举了下面这些： Gotobed 苟德柏（去睡觉） You are not going to meet many people with the surname "Go-to-bed". The first recorded person to have this surname was John Gotobed of Cambridge in 1269. 你应该不会见到很多有“苟德柏”这个姓氏的人。历史上记录的第一个叫这个姓氏的人是1269年剑桥地区的约翰·苟德柏。 Professor Reaney, an authority on English surnames, explains the surname originated from people who had a bed, which was rare back in the 12 century. People proudly boasted about the fact they could afford to have a bed by adding it to their name. Strange but true! 英语姓氏权威专家雷尼教授解释说这个姓氏来源于有床可睡的人们，12世纪有床的人不多。人们就会炫耀自己买得起床，进而把这事加到名字里。很奇怪吧，但是是真的。 Onions 阿尼恩（洋葱） This surname, which was first popular in France and Ireland before coming over to the UK, dates back to 1279 and identified the person's job. They were either a seller or a grower of the vegetable. 这个姓起初在法国和爱尔兰多有人使用，后来才传到英国。该姓氏早在1279年就有人使用了，而且道明了这个人的工作。这些人要不是种洋葱的，就是卖洋葱的。 Nutter 纳特（疯子） Nutter means a crazy or silly person in colloquial English. You wouldn't usually call yourself a nutter, but it's genuinely a surname that originates from Yorkshire and Lancashire. It's a variation of the old English surnames "Notere" which means clerk and "Nothard", which means a person that keeps oxes. Nutter在英语口语中的意思是疯子或者蠢人。你一般不会叫自己“疯子”，但这个姓的确存在，而且起源于约克郡和兰开夏郡。这个姓是古英语姓氏 “Notere” 和 “Nothard” 的变体，前者意思是办公职员，后者意为养牛的人。 Smellie 斯梅丽（臭臭的） Although "Smellie" sounds a lot like "smelly", it has nothing to do with body odor. Smellie is of Scottish descent and was a word to describe a cheerful person. Only 400 people in the UK still have this surname today. 虽然Smellie（斯梅丽）听起来很像 smelly（臭臭的），但是它跟体味什么的完全无关。该姓氏来自于苏格兰，用来形容快乐开心的人。目前英国只剩400人使用这个姓氏了。 Hardmeat 哈德米特（硬肉） You might have guessed that "Hardmeat" must have something to do with a family of butchers. In fact, it might just have been a misspelling of the village that the name came from, which was "Hardmead" in England. Wish they had spellchecker back then! 你可能会以为“Hardmeat”哈德米特（硬肉）这个姓氏跟一家子屠夫肉贩有关系。但事实上，这个姓氏很可能来源于拼错了的村庄的名字，这个村庄就是英格兰的 “Hardmead”（哈德米德）。哎真希望当时他们有拼写检查工具啊。 我有朋友，可我叫“没朋友” 取名的时候，姓氏大概率只有两个选择，但名字的确是给了父母freestyle的空间。 Metro杂志搜集的下面这些真名，每一个都能让小孩本人表示疑惑。 Friendless 弗兰德勒斯（没朋友） Friendless Baxter was born in 1871 in Leeds. Presumably his parents thought he would be a bit of an introvert. 弗兰德勒斯·巴克斯特出生于1871年的利兹。可能他的父母觉得他会是个内向的人吧。 Faith Hope Charity 菲斯·霍普·查瑞迪 （信仰·希望·慈善） Faith Hope Charity Brown was born in 1892 in Kent. No pressure for her to become a good person then? 菲斯·霍普·查瑞迪·布朗1892年出生于肯特郡。有了这个名儿，她应该毫不费力就能成为一个好人吧。 Leicester Railway 莱斯特·瑞尔威（铁路） Leicester Railway Cope was born in a train carriage at Leicester Railway Station in 1863. 莱斯特·瑞尔威·寇普1863年在莱斯特火车站的一节火车车厢里出生。 One Too Many 万·图·梅丽（太多了） One Too Many Gouldstone was born in Walthamstow, London, in 1870. Maybe he was the last of 13 children? 万·图·梅丽·古尔德斯通1870年出生于伦敦的沃尔瑟姆斯托。可能他是家里出生的第13个小孩？ Windsor Castle 温莎·卡瑟尔（城堡） Windsor Castle was born in Nottingham in 1876. Her father was a bricklayer and had no relation to royalty. 温莎·卡瑟尔（城堡）1876年出生于诺丁汉。她的爸爸是一位砌砖工，跟王室不沾亲带故。（注：现今英国王室主要姓氏为“温莎”。） Zebra Lynes 齐布拉·莱恩斯（斑马线） Zebra Lynes was born in Southampton in 1875. There is no record of her born in a zoo. 齐布拉·莱恩斯（斑马线）1875年出生于南安普顿。不过没有记录显示她是在动物园里出生的。 Mineral Waters 米讷拉尔·沃特斯（矿泉水） Mineral Waters was born in 1892 in Rochford, Essex. Yet another child whose name was little more than a poor joke suitable for a Christmas cracker. 米讷拉尔·沃特斯（矿泉水）1892年出生于埃塞克斯的罗奇福德。哎，又是一个比圣诞拉炮里的蹩脚笑话好不了多少的名字。 她叫“南极洲” 她叫“芝加哥” 从普通人到明星，天马行空的父母哪都有。 歌手玛利亚·凯莉 (Mariah Carey) 给自己的女儿取名叫梦露（Monroe）倒也没啥，但金·卡戴珊 (Kim Kardashian) 和坎耶·韦斯特 (Kanye West) 把女儿叫做芝加哥 (Chicago) 就难免令人些许迷惑。当然人家也有理由——Kanye在芝加哥长大。 因此网友也开了脑洞：鉴于Kanye在中国南京也度过了一段童年，可能有个小孩会需要叫做Nanjing。 开脑洞的名字还有很多。歌手Ed Sheeran的女儿叫Antarctica（南极洲），美国WWE女摔角选手Brie Bella的儿子叫Dessert（甜点）。 但近年来最不寻常的可能还是要属特斯拉创始人马斯克（Elon Musk）的儿子的名字 “X Æ A-12”，怎么读？什么意思？夫妇俩也没有解释。 因为加州地方管理部门不允许这样的名字作登记，为了“上户口”，他们钻了个空子——把这个名字塞到了中间名（middle name）的位置。 编辑：左卓 实习生：纪缨笑 来源：Great British Mag; Metro

Gotobed You are not going to meet many people with the surname "Go-to-bed". The first recorded person to have this surname was John Gotobed of Cambridge in 1269. Professor Reaney, an authority on English surnames, explains the surname originated from people who had a bed, which was rare back in the 12 century. People proudly boasted about the fact they could afford to have a bed by adding it to their name. Strange but true! Onions This surname, which was first popular in France and Ireland before coming over to the UK, dates back to 1279 and identified the person's job. They were either a seller or a grower of the vegetable. Nutter Nutter means a crazy or silly person in colloquial English. You wouldn't usually call yourself a nutter, but it's genuinely a surname that originates from Yorkshire and Lancashire. It's a variation of the old English surnames "Notere" which means clerk and "Nothard", which means a person that keeps oxes. Smellie Although "Smellie" sounds a lot like "smelly", it has nothing to do with body odor. Smellie is of Scottish descent and was a word to describe a cheerful person. Only 400 people in the UK still have this surname today. Hardmeat You might have guessed that "Hardmeat" must have something to do with a family of butchers. In fact, it might just have been a misspelling of the village that the name came from, which was "Hardmead" in England. Wish they had spellchecker back then! Friendless Friendless Baxter was born in 1871 in Leeds. Presumably his parents thought he would be a bit of an introvert. Faith Hope Charity Faith Hope Charity Brown was born in 1892 in Kent. No pressure for her to become a good person then? Leicester Railway Leicester Railway Cope was born in a train carriage at Leicester Railway Station in 1863. One Too Many One Too Many Gouldstone was born in Walthamstow, London, in 1870. Maybe he was the last of 13 children? Windsor Castle Windsor Castle was born in Nottingham in 1876. Her father was a bricklayer and had no relation to royalty. Zebra Lynes Zebra Lynes was born in Southampton in 1875. There is no record of her born in a zoo. Mineral Waters Mineral Waters was born in 1892 in Rochford, Essex. Yet another child whose name was little more than a poor joke suitable for a Christmas cracker.

不久前，微博话题“被姓毁掉的名字”上了热搜。 “子腾”“初墨”这样的名字，配上“杜”和“熊”这样的姓氏，画风就变了。 网友们甚至创造了“……多么好听的名字，可惜姓……”这样的句式，随便代入下面的哪一组姓名都有原地裂开的效果。 这么看来，取名字的父母们还得非常小心自家小孩的名字会不会跟滑稽的词语谐音。 拥有这些名字的小孩成长起来自然也不容易。 在许多文化里，姓+名，亦或是名+姓都是标配。滑稽的效果通常藏在姓名的犄角旮旯里。 别叫我啦，我真的“去睡觉”了 英国有些不寻常的姓氏。Great British Mag列举了下面这些： 苟德柏（去睡觉） 你应该不会见到很多有“苟德柏”这个姓氏的人。历史上记录的第一个叫这个姓氏的人是1269年剑桥地区的约翰·苟德柏。 英语姓氏权威专家雷尼教授解释说这个姓氏来源于有床可睡的人们，12世纪有床的人不多。人们就会炫耀自己买得起床，进而把这事加到名字里。很奇怪吧，但是是真的。 阿尼恩（洋葱） 这个姓起初在法国和爱尔兰多有人使用，后来才传到英国。该姓氏早在1279年就有人使用了，而且道明了这个人的工作。这些人要不是种洋葱的，就是卖洋葱的。 纳特（疯子） Nutter在英语口语中的意思是疯子或者蠢人。你一般不会叫自己“疯子”，但这个姓的确存在，而且起源于约克郡和兰开夏郡。这个姓是古英语姓氏 “Notere” 和 “Nothard” 的变体，前者意思是办公职员，后者意为养牛的人。 斯梅丽（臭臭的） 虽然Smellie（斯梅丽）听起来很像 smelly（臭臭的），但是它跟体味什么的完全无关。该姓氏来自于苏格兰，用来形容快乐开心的人。目前英国只剩400人使用这个姓氏了。 哈德米特（硬肉） 你可能会以为“Hardmeat”哈德米特（硬肉）这个姓氏跟一家子屠夫肉贩有关系。但事实上，这个姓氏很可能来源于拼错了的村庄的名字，这个村庄就是英格兰的 “Hardmead”（哈德米德）。哎真希望当时他们有拼写检查工具啊。 我有朋友，可我叫“没朋友” 取名的时候，姓氏大概率只有两个选择，但名字的确是给了父母freestyle的空间。 Metro杂志搜集的下面这些真名，每一个都能让小孩本人表示疑惑。 弗兰德勒斯（没朋友） 弗兰德勒斯·巴克斯特出生于1871年的利兹。可能他的父母觉得他会是个内向的人吧。 菲斯·霍普·查瑞迪 （信仰·希望·慈善） 菲斯·霍普·查瑞迪·布朗1892年出生于肯特郡。有了这个名儿，她应该毫不费力就能成为一个好人吧。 莱斯特·瑞尔威（铁路） 莱斯特·瑞尔威·寇普1863年在莱斯特火车站的一节火车车厢里出生。 万·图·梅丽（太多了） 万·图·梅丽·古尔德斯通1870年出生于伦敦的沃尔瑟姆斯托。可能他是家里出生的第13个小孩？ 温莎·卡瑟尔（城堡） 温莎·卡瑟尔（城堡）1876年出生于诺丁汉。她的爸爸是一位砌砖工，跟王室不沾亲带故。（注：现今英国王室主要姓氏为“温莎”。） 齐布拉·莱恩斯（斑马线） 齐布拉·莱恩斯（斑马线）1875年出生于南安普顿。不过没有记录显示她是在动物园里出生的。 米讷拉尔·沃特斯（矿泉水） 米讷拉尔·沃特斯（矿泉水）1892年出生于埃塞克斯的罗奇福德。哎，又是一个比圣诞拉炮里的蹩脚笑话好不了多少的名字。 她叫“南极洲” 她叫“芝加哥” 从普通人到明星，天马行空的父母哪都有。 歌手玛利亚·凯莉 (Mariah Carey) 给自己的女儿取名叫梦露（Monroe）倒也没啥，但金·卡戴珊 (Kim Kardashian) 和坎耶·韦斯特 (Kanye West) 把女儿叫做芝加哥 (Chicago) 就难免令人些许迷惑。当然人家也有理由——Kanye在芝加哥长大。 因此网友也开了脑洞：鉴于Kanye在中国南京也度过了一段童年，可能有个小孩会需要叫做Nanjing。 开脑洞的名字还有很多。歌手Ed Sheeran的女儿叫Antarctica（南极洲），美国WWE女摔角选手Brie Bella的儿子叫Dessert（甜点）。 但近年来最不寻常的可能还是要属特斯拉创始人马斯克（Elon Musk）的儿子的名字 “X Æ A-12”，怎么读？什么意思？夫妇俩也没有解释。 因为加州地方管理部门不允许这样的名字作登记，为了“上户口”，他们钻了个空子——把这个名字塞到了中间名（middle name）的位置。 编辑：左卓 实习生：纪缨笑 来源：Great British Mag; Metro

保护生物多样性及生态系统的成本惊人，但是专家们清楚，如果听任破坏继续，花费就会更多。 Photo by Jeremy Bishop from Pexels Somewhere between $103 billion and $895 billion a year – that is how much funding will be needed to “bend the curve” on global nature loss, according to several recent estimates. 最近的几份估算研究显示，要想扭转全球生态损失的曲线，每年的花费将达到1030亿至8950亿美元。 Campaigners and academics have been striving to convince governments and the private sector that the current loss of nature – dubbed by scientists the “sixth mass extinction” – poses a threat not just to species and ecosystems, but also to economies. 科学家们将目前的生态破坏称为“第六次大灭绝”。环保人士和专业学者一直试图让政府和私营部门相信，这种“灭绝”不仅会威胁自然物种和生态系统，还会同时威胁经济发展。 Now, an expert panel convened by the UN Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) has analyzed various estimates of the costs and benefits of conserving nature. The analysis is part of work surrounding international negotiations on a new deal for nature, which will be agreed in Kunming, China, in May 2021. 联合国《生物多样性公约》（简称CBD）召集的一个专家小组已经对保护自然的成本和收益进行了估算分析。2021年5月在昆明召开的大会上将达成一项全球性的自然保护新协议，而上述分析正是围绕这一协议的若干国际谈判相关工作的一部分。 New targets under discussion would see areas protected for nature on both land and sea increased from 17% to at least 30%. The new goals will replace the Aichi targets agreed in 2010, which the CBD recently confirmed had mostly failed. 正在讨论的新目标拟将陆地和海洋保护面积从17%提升到至少30%。这些目标将取代2010年达成的“爱知目标”。《生物多样性公约》前不久确定“爱知目标”大部分未能实现。 The lower funding range, of $103-178 billion, is based only on investments in expanding protected areas, the panel noted. 专家小组指出，1030亿至1780亿美元的较低资金估值是只考虑扩大保护区面积的情况下，按照目前每公顷保护区的预算支出计算得出的所需投资。 The larger range, of $631 billion to $895 billion, takes into account the cost of making the agricultural, fishery and forestry sectors sustainable, conserving biodiversity in urban and coastal areas, managing invasive species, and protecting urban water quality – all of which currently drive biodiversity loss. 而6310亿至8950亿美元的较高资金估值则考虑了农、林、渔等产业活动的可持续发展，城市和沿海生物多样性保护，入侵物种管理，城市水质保护等减缓现有生态多样性损失措施的成本。 Despite differing methodologies, the CBD expert panel noted that these estimates all reach the same conclusion: investment must increase substantially from current levels. 《生物多样性公约》专家小组指出，虽然估算方式不同，但重点在于它们都得出了相同的结论，那就是必须在现有基础上大幅提升生态保护资金支持力度。 The panel also stressed that continuing on current trajectories of nature destruction will lead to significant global economic costs. It pointed to an analysis by campaign group WWF that estimates the loss of “services” provided by nature, such as crop pollination and clean water supply, at nearly $500 billion a year. Investing to protect nature would save money in the longer term by reducing the amount needed to tackle problems caused by losing these services, it said. 专家小组还强调，如果任由全球生态继续沿着当前的轨迹破坏下去，将给全球经济带来巨大的损失。世界自然基金会（WWF）项目组分析显示，农作物授粉和清洁水供应等生态系统“服务”减少导致的损失将达到每年近5000亿美元。投资生态保护能够减少应对上述服务缺失而产生的成本，从长远来看反而可以节约资金。 Aichi funding fail “爱知目标”资金支持不足 Finance is a key issue for the new nature deal. Even though financial resources and official development assistance for biodiversity had roughly doubled to reach around $80-90 billion per year by 2020, the Aichi targets still failed. 资金对达成这项新的公约至关重要。到2020年生物多样性改善相关的财政投入和官方发展援助已经翻了一番，基本上达到了每年约800亿至900亿美元。尽管如此，还是没能实现“爱知目标”。 Not only was this funding nowhere near the scale needed, but it was also swamped by subsidies for activities that harmed biodiversity, such as the production of commodities linked to forest destruction, estimated at around $500 billion a year, according to the CBD’s Global Biodiversity Outlook 5 report. 根据《生物多样性公约》发布的《第五版全球生物多样性展望报告》，用于自然环境保护的资金不仅远远没有达到所需规模，甚至还不如生物多样性破坏活动获得的补贴多，例如与森林破坏有关的商品生产每年获得的补贴就达到近5000亿美元。 However, so far, finance has not been discussed at all by negotiators, according to Li Shuo, senior global policy adviser for Greenpeace East Asia. Discussions leading up to the agreement of the Aichi goals set a precedent for this – though the goals were set in 2010, the level of public international finance was not agreed until 2012. A further meeting in 2014 saw this level doubled, but that was too late considering the deadline of 2020, he said. 绿色和平东亚分部全球政策顾问李硕（音译）称，到目前为止，谈判各方尚未就生态保护资金问题进行讨论。达成“爱知目标”的讨论就是前车之鉴——尽管“爱知目标”是在2010年达成的，但直到2012年各方还未就国际公共财政支持规模达成一致。在2014年的进一步会谈中，虽然达成的公共资金规模翻了一番，但对2020年的截止日期来说已经太晚了。 “Regardless of how many reports on finance are produced, they will not be useful if we don’t actually talk about it in official negotiations,” Li said. “If they don’t agree the whole finance package in one go in Kunming, then the credibility of the deal will be significantly challenged,” he added. 李硕说：“无论发布多少财务报告，如果我们没有在正式谈判中讨论这个问题，那么这些报告就都是没用的。”他补充说：“如果他们不能在昆明会议上就资金支持一次性达成一致，那么协议的公信力就将受到极大挑战。” Filling the gap 如何填补资金空白 The CBD’s finance panel recommends a three-pronged strategy to fill the funding gap: 《生物多样性公约》财务问题小组建议采取三管齐下的策略来填补资金缺口，分别是 Subsidies that harm biodiversity need to be reduced or redirected. 减少或调整对生态有害的补贴； Existing investments must be scaled up while more is generated from all sources. 增加现有投入，同时需要从包括国内和国际，私人和公共在内的所有渠道筹集更多资金； The efficiency of resource use must be improved, through sound governance and planning, and effective monitoring and review of results. 通过健全的治理和规划，以及有效的监督和结果审查来提高资源利用率。 Andrew Deutz, director of global policy, institutions and conservation finance at environmental organisation The Nature Conservancy (TNC), believes that up to half the funding gap for nature could be closed without new money. 大自然保护协会（TNC）全球政策、机制和生态金融总监安德鲁·道依茨认为，多达一半的资金缺口可以在不增加新的资金投入的情况下得到弥补。 “Much of what we need is better deployment of existing funds and smarter policy and investment choices,” he said. 他说：“我们最需要的是更好地调配现有资金，以及更明智的政策和投资选择。” TNC, together with US-based think-tank the Paulson Institute, and academics from the Cornell Atkinson Center for Sustainability, this month published a blueprint for decision-makers on closing the funding gap, which it estimates at between $598 billion and $824 billion a year. 大自然保护协会、保尔森研究所以及康奈尔大学阿特金森可持续发展中心的多位学者本月发布了一份缩小自然资金缺口的决策者蓝图文件。该文件预计的资金缺口大约在5980亿美元至8240亿美元之间。 This will rely heavily on government action, with reform of harmful subsidies the single biggest opportunity, it said. 文件指出，缩小资金缺口需要政府的鼎力支持，而最可行的措施就是对有害补贴进行改革。 Governments must also develop new financial innovations for conservation, promote green investments, and support nature-based climate solutions, natural infrastructure and biodiversity offsets, it states. The right regulatory environment and incentives need to be in place to catalyse financial flows from the private sector, it said. 文件认为，各国政府还必须为保护自然环境开发新的金融创新措施，促进绿色投资，支持基于自然的气候解决方案、自然基础设施和生物多样性补偿，并且需要通过正确的监管环境和激励措施来促进私营部门的资金流动。 Speaking at a webinar to launch the report, Jennifer Morris, TNC chief executive said that none of the solutions presented were novel. What was new was “the very clear conclusion that we need an all-of-the-above approach”. 大自然保护协会首席执行官詹妮弗·莫里斯在发布这份报告的网络研讨会上表示，这些解决方案都不新奇，新的是“非常明确地得出了上述所有方法一个都不能少的这样一个结论”。 The conservation sector had recently been focusing on leveraging private funds for nature, but Morris said that though this was important, on its own the private sector could not deliver more than 3% of what was needed. 近来，环保部门一直致力于利用私有资金促进自然保护。但是莫里斯认为，尽管这很重要，但就其本身而言，私营部门提供的资金最多也不到所需资金的3%。 Ahead of COP15, governments should estimate the finance gap for protecting and restoring nature in their own country, and develop a road-map to fill it, she said. 她说，在昆明大会召开之前，各国政府应对保护和恢复本国自然资源面临的资金缺口进行估算，并制定出填补这一缺口的路线图。 “The biggest opportunities lie in the intersection of public and private sector investment. We need the right policies, regulations and incentives so that the vast majority of private sector spending helps not hurts nature. We will then put nature on our collective balance sheet as a critical asset we must protect,” she said. 她说：“最有可能填补这一缺口的解决方案是结合公共和私营领域的资金投入。我们需要颁布正确的政策、法规和激励措施，确保绝大多数私营领域支出不损害自然。然后，我们将把自然资产作为必须保护的关键资产列入全人类的资产负债表中。” 来源： 《英语世界》

Photo by Jeremy Bishop from Pexels Somewhere between $103 billion and $895 billion a year – that is how much funding will be needed to “bend the curve” on global nature loss, according to several recent estimates. Campaigners and academics have been striving to convince governments and the private sector that the current loss of nature – dubbed by scientists the “sixth mass extinction” – poses a threat not just to species and ecosystems, but also to economies. Now, an expert panel convened by the UN Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) has analyzed various estimates of the costs and benefits of conserving nature. The analysis is part of work surrounding international negotiations on a new deal for nature, which will be agreed in Kunming, China, in May 2021. New targets under discussion would see areas protected for nature on both land and sea increased from 17% to at least 30%. The new goals will replace the Aichi targets agreed in 2010, which the CBD recently confirmed had mostly failed. The lower funding range, of $103-178 billion, is based only on investments in expanding protected areas, the panel noted. The larger range, of $631 billion to $895 billion, takes into account the cost of making the agricultural, fishery and forestry sectors sustainable, conserving biodiversity in urban and coastal areas, managing invasive species, and protecting urban water quality – all of which currently drive biodiversity loss. Despite differing methodologies, the CBD expert panel noted that these estimates all reach the same conclusion: investment must increase substantially from current levels. The panel also stressed that continuing on current trajectories of nature destruction will lead to significant global economic costs. It pointed to an analysis by campaign group WWF that estimates the loss of “services” provided by nature, such as crop pollination and clean water supply, at nearly $500 billion a year. Investing to protect nature would save money in the longer term by reducing the amount needed to tackle problems caused by losing these services, it said. Aichi funding fail Finance is a key issue for the new nature deal. Even though financial resources and official development assistance for biodiversity had roughly doubled to reach around $80-90 billion per year by 2020, the Aichi targets still failed. Not only was this funding nowhere near the scale needed, but it was also swamped by subsidies for activities that harmed biodiversity, such as the production of commodities linked to forest destruction, estimated at around $500 billion a year, according to the CBD’s Global Biodiversity Outlook 5 report. However, so far, finance has not been discussed at all by negotiators, according to Li Shuo, senior global policy adviser for Greenpeace East Asia. Discussions leading up to the agreement of the Aichi goals set a precedent for this – though the goals were set in 2010, the level of public international finance was not agreed until 2012. A further meeting in 2014 saw this level doubled, but that was too late considering the deadline of 2020, he said. “Regardless of how many reports on finance are produced, they will not be useful if we don’t actually talk about it in official negotiations,” Li said. “If they don’t agree the whole finance package in one go in Kunming, then the credibility of the deal will be significantly challenged,” he added. Filling the gap The CBD’s finance panel recommends a three-pronged strategy to fill the funding gap: Subsidies that harm biodiversity need to be reduced or redirected. Existing investments must be scaled up while more is generated from all sources. The efficiency of resource use must be improved, through sound governance and planning, and effective monitoring and review of results. Andrew Deutz, director of global policy, institutions and conservation finance at environmental organisation The Nature Conservancy (TNC), believes that up to half the funding gap for nature could be closed without new money. “Much of what we need is better deployment of existing funds and smarter policy and investment choices,” he said. TNC, together with US-based think-tank the Paulson Institute, and academics from the Cornell Atkinson Center for Sustainability, this month published a blueprint for decision-makers on closing the funding gap, which it estimates at between $598 billion and $824 billion a year. This will rely heavily on government action, with reform of harmful subsidies the single biggest opportunity, it said. Governments must also develop new financial innovations for conservation, promote green investments, and support nature-based climate solutions, natural infrastructure and biodiversity offsets, it states. The right regulatory environment and incentives need to be in place to catalyse financial flows from the private sector, it said. Speaking at a webinar to launch the report, Jennifer Morris, TNC chief executive said that none of the solutions presented were novel. What was new was “the very clear conclusion that we need an all-of-the-above approach”. The conservation sector had recently been focusing on leveraging private funds for nature, but Morris said that though this was important, on its own the private sector could not deliver more than 3% of what was needed. Ahead of COP15, governments should estimate the finance gap for protecting and restoring nature in their own country, and develop a road-map to fill it, she said. “The biggest opportunities lie in the intersection of public and private sector investment. We need the right policies, regulations and incentives so that the vast majority of private sector spending helps not hurts nature. We will then put nature on our collective balance sheet as a critical asset we must protect,” she said.

保护生物多样性及生态系统的成本惊人，但是专家们清楚，如果听任破坏继续，花费就会更多。 最近的几份估算研究显示，要想扭转全球生态损失的曲线，每年的花费将达到1030亿至8950亿美元。 科学家们将目前的生态破坏称为“第六次大灭绝”。环保人士和专业学者一直试图让政府和私营部门相信，这种“灭绝”不仅会威胁自然物种和生态系统，还会同时威胁经济发展。 联合国《生物多样性公约》（简称CBD）召集的一个专家小组已经对保护自然的成本和收益进行了估算分析。2021年5月在昆明召开的大会上将达成一项全球性的自然保护新协议，而上述分析正是围绕这一协议的若干国际谈判相关工作的一部分。 正在讨论的新目标拟将陆地和海洋保护面积从17%提升到至少30%。这些目标将取代2010年达成的“爱知目标”。《生物多样性公约》前不久确定“爱知目标”大部分未能实现。 专家小组指出，1030亿至1780亿美元的较低资金估值是只考虑扩大保护区面积的情况下，按照目前每公顷保护区的预算支出计算得出的所需投资。 而6310亿至8950亿美元的较高资金估值则考虑了农、林、渔等产业活动的可持续发展，城市和沿海生物多样性保护，入侵物种管理，城市水质保护等减缓现有生态多样性损失措施的成本。 《生物多样性公约》专家小组指出，虽然估算方式不同，但重点在于它们都得出了相同的结论，那就是必须在现有基础上大幅提升生态保护资金支持力度。 专家小组还强调，如果任由全球生态继续沿着当前的轨迹破坏下去，将给全球经济带来巨大的损失。世界自然基金会（WWF）项目组分析显示，农作物授粉和清洁水供应等生态系统“服务”减少导致的损失将达到每年近5000亿美元。投资生态保护能够减少应对上述服务缺失而产生的成本，从长远来看反而可以节约资金。 “爱知目标”资金支持不足 资金对达成这项新的公约至关重要。到2020年生物多样性改善相关的财政投入和官方发展援助已经翻了一番，基本上达到了每年约800亿至900亿美元。尽管如此，还是没能实现“爱知目标”。 根据《生物多样性公约》发布的《第五版全球生物多样性展望报告》，用于自然环境保护的资金不仅远远没有达到所需规模，甚至还不如生物多样性破坏活动获得的补贴多，例如与森林破坏有关的商品生产每年获得的补贴就达到近5000亿美元。 绿色和平东亚分部全球政策顾问李硕（音译）称，到目前为止，谈判各方尚未就生态保护资金问题进行讨论。达成“爱知目标”的讨论就是前车之鉴——尽管“爱知目标”是在2010年达成的，但直到2012年各方还未就国际公共财政支持规模达成一致。在2014年的进一步会谈中，虽然达成的公共资金规模翻了一番，但对2020年的截止日期来说已经太晚了。 李硕说：“无论发布多少财务报告，如果我们没有在正式谈判中讨论这个问题，那么这些报告就都是没用的。”他补充说：“如果他们不能在昆明会议上就资金支持一次性达成一致，那么协议的公信力就将受到极大挑战。” 如何填补资金空白 《生物多样性公约》财务问题小组建议采取三管齐下的策略来填补资金缺口，分别是 减少或调整对生态有害的补贴； 增加现有投入，同时需要从包括国内和国际，私人和公共在内的所有渠道筹集更多资金； 通过健全的治理和规划，以及有效的监督和结果审查来提高资源利用率。 大自然保护协会（TNC）全球政策、机制和生态金融总监安德鲁·道依茨认为，多达一半的资金缺口可以在不增加新的资金投入的情况下得到弥补。 他说：“我们最需要的是更好地调配现有资金，以及更明智的政策和投资选择。” 大自然保护协会、保尔森研究所以及康奈尔大学阿特金森可持续发展中心的多位学者本月发布了一份缩小自然资金缺口的决策者蓝图文件。该文件预计的资金缺口大约在5980亿美元至8240亿美元之间。 文件指出，缩小资金缺口需要政府的鼎力支持，而最可行的措施就是对有害补贴进行改革。 文件认为，各国政府还必须为保护自然环境开发新的金融创新措施，促进绿色投资，支持基于自然的气候解决方案、自然基础设施和生物多样性补偿，并且需要通过正确的监管环境和激励措施来促进私营部门的资金流动。 大自然保护协会首席执行官詹妮弗·莫里斯在发布这份报告的网络研讨会上表示，这些解决方案都不新奇，新的是“非常明确地得出了上述所有方法一个都不能少的这样一个结论”。 近来，环保部门一直致力于利用私有资金促进自然保护。但是莫里斯认为，尽管这很重要，但就其本身而言，私营部门提供的资金最多也不到所需资金的3%。 她说，在昆明大会召开之前，各国政府应对保护和恢复本国自然资源面临的资金缺口进行估算，并制定出填补这一缺口的路线图。 她说：“最有可能填补这一缺口的解决方案是结合公共和私营领域的资金投入。我们需要颁布正确的政策、法规和激励措施，确保绝大多数私营领域支出不损害自然。然后，我们将把自然资产作为必须保护的关键资产列入全人类的资产负债表中。” 来源： 《英语世界》

由于新冠肺炎疫情肆虐，今年美国邮政总局的“圣诞老人行动”将全部转移到网上。全美各地的人们都可以在网上阅读圣诞愿望邮件，匿名送出礼物，当一回在线版圣诞老人，为疫情中的圣诞节增加一些节日的快乐和温情。 freestocks@freestocks/unsplash For more than a century, it was a simple way of making a child’s dreams come true during Christmas. Volunteers could go to the post office, sift through piles of letters that children had sent to Santa Claus and pick one — or more — that tugged at their heartstrings. Gifts were then acquired, wrapped and shipped to families whose space beneath the tree might otherwise be bare. 一个多世纪以来，这一直是让孩子们在圣诞节梦想成真的一种简单方法。志愿者可以去邮局，从孩子们寄给圣诞老人的一堆堆信件中挑出一封或多封感动他们的信件。然后他们会收集礼物，包装好，运送到那些圣诞树下可能空无一物的家庭。 sift [sɪft]：vt./vi.筛选 With the coronavirus pandemic still raging, however, the US Postal Service announced Monday that it was taking its annual “Operation Santa” campaign nationwide, and that letters to Santa could be read exclusively online by people across the country. 然而，随着新冠疫情的肆虐，美国邮政总局11月16日宣布，一年一度的“圣诞老人行动” 今年将在全美各地开展，而且寄给圣诞老人的信件将由全美各地的人们在网上阅读。 Some things aren’t changing: Much as it had over the past 108 years, the Postal Service said that it was inviting American children to write letters and to mail them to the North Pole, using a special address and ZIP code and affixing the proper postage. 有些事情没有改变：就像过去108年里一样，美国邮政总局表示，将邀请美国儿童写信并寄往北极，这些信件使用特殊的地址和邮政编码，并贴上适当的邮资。 This year, however, the letters will be uploaded to the Operation Santa website, so long as they are legible and make specific requests for items like toys, clothes or games. Starting December 4, postal customers can then read them and choose to send gifts with their responses, with a signature saying it’s from Santa. 但今年，只要内容清晰可读，并提出具体的礼物要求，如玩具、衣服或游戏等，这些信件将被上传到“圣诞老人行动”网站上。从12月4日开始，邮政客户可以阅读这些邮件，并选择将回信连同礼物一起寄出去，并签上圣诞老人的大名。 “Covid-19 has caused undue hardships, both financial and emotional, to so many Americans this year,” Kimberly Frum, a spokeswoman for the Postal Service, said in an email. “The program provides kids and families with an opportunity to receive gifts during the holidays from anonymous, generous postal customers.” 美国邮政总局的发言人金伯利·弗鲁姆在一封电子邮件中说：“今年暴发的新冠肺炎让如此多的美国人遭受了经济和情感上的过多困难。这个活动为孩子和家庭提供了一个在节日期间从慷慨的匿名邮政客户那里收礼物的机会。” Those customers used to review the letters in person, but Operation Santa has moved largely online in recent years after a pilot program in 2017. By 2019, the online operation had expanded to 15 cities, including New York, Chicago, Denver and Grand Rapids, Michigan, to, “enhance the ability for generous people across the nation to help those in need no matter where they live,” Frum said. 这些客户过去通常会亲自查看信件，但在2017年的一个试点项目后，“圣诞老人行动”近年来已经基本上转移到了网上。弗鲁姆说，到2019年，在线活动已经扩展到15个城市，包括纽约、芝加哥、丹佛和密歇根州大急流城等地，“以扩大全国各地慷慨的人们对那些有需要的人提供帮助的能力范围，不管他们住在哪里”。 So-called legacy programs still operated in New York and Chicago, where customers could go to a post office to read letters in person, but those programs will not be offered this year because of the pandemic, Frum said. 弗鲁姆说，所谓的遗产项目仍在纽约和芝加哥实施，客户可以到邮局亲自阅读信件，但由于新冠疫情，今年将不提供这一服务。 Widespread job losses have contributed to a situation in which 1 in 8 families don’t have enough to eat. Though jobs have started to return, with last month’s jobs report showing a full percentage point drop in the unemployment rate, the number of long-term unemployed people — those out of work for more than half a year — rose by 50% to 3.6 million. And a steep increase in coronavirus cases in recent weeks threatens those fragile economic gains. 大规模失业造成美国八分之一的家庭食物不足。尽管就业形势已开始好转，上个月的就业报告显示失业率下降了整整一个百分点，但长期失业人数（即失业半年以上的人数）上升了50%，达到360万人。最近几周新冠肺炎病例的急剧增加威胁到了这些脆弱的经济成果。 The Postal Service said the Operation Santa program had received hundreds of thousands of letters each year. 美国邮政总局表示，“圣诞老人行动”每年都会收到数十万封信件。 “It seems like a small thing,” Frum said. “But for anyone who is struggling, it’s a huge deal to be able to give or receive a gift and share in a bit of the joy that is the holiday season.” 弗鲁姆说：“这似乎是一件小事，但对于那些正在苦苦挣扎的人来说，能够送出或收到一份礼物，分享节日里的一点快乐非常重要。” 英文来源：deccanherald 翻译&编辑：yaning

freestocks@freestocks/unsplash For more than a century, it was a simple way of making a child’s dreams come true during Christmas. Volunteers could go to the post office, sift through piles of letters that children had sent to Santa Claus and pick one — or more — that tugged at their heartstrings. Gifts were then acquired, wrapped and shipped to families whose space beneath the tree might otherwise be bare. With the coronavirus pandemic still raging, however, the US Postal Service announced Monday that it was taking its annual “Operation Santa” campaign nationwide, and that letters to Santa could be read exclusively online by people across the country. Some things aren’t changing: Much as it had over the past 108 years, the Postal Service said that it was inviting American children to write letters and to mail them to the North Pole, using a special address and ZIP code and affixing the proper postage. This year, however, the letters will be uploaded to the Operation Santa website, so long as they are legible and make specific requests for items like toys, clothes or games. Starting December 4, postal customers can then read them and choose to send gifts with their responses, with a signature saying it’s from Santa. “Covid-19 has caused undue hardships, both financial and emotional, to so many Americans this year,” Kimberly Frum, a spokeswoman for the Postal Service, said in an email. “The program provides kids and families with an opportunity to receive gifts during the holidays from anonymous, generous postal customers.” Those customers used to review the letters in person, but Operation Santa has moved largely online in recent years after a pilot program in 2017. By 2019, the online operation had expanded to 15 cities, including New York, Chicago, Denver and Grand Rapids, Michigan, to, “enhance the ability for generous people across the nation to help those in need no matter where they live,” Frum said. So-called legacy programs still operated in New York and Chicago, where customers could go to a post office to read letters in person, but those programs will not be offered this year because of the pandemic, Frum said. Widespread job losses have contributed to a situation in which 1 in 8 families don’t have enough to eat. Though jobs have started to return, with last month’s jobs report showing a full percentage point drop in the unemployment rate, the number of long-term unemployed people — those out of work for more than half a year — rose by 50% to 3.6 million. And a steep increase in coronavirus cases in recent weeks threatens those fragile economic gains. The Postal Service said the Operation Santa program had received hundreds of thousands of letters each year. “It seems like a small thing,” Frum said. “But for anyone who is struggling, it’s a huge deal to be able to give or receive a gift and share in a bit of the joy that is the holiday season.”

由于新冠肺炎疫情肆虐，今年美国邮政总局的“圣诞老人行动”将全部转移到网上。全美各地的人们都可以在网上阅读圣诞愿望邮件，匿名送出礼物，当一回在线版圣诞老人，为疫情中的圣诞节增加一些节日的快乐和温情。 一个多世纪以来，这一直是让孩子们在圣诞节梦想成真的一种简单方法。志愿者可以去邮局，从孩子们寄给圣诞老人的一堆堆信件中挑出一封或多封感动他们的信件。然后他们会收集礼物，包装好，运送到那些圣诞树下可能空无一物的家庭。 sift [sɪft]：vt./vi.筛选 然而，随着新冠疫情的肆虐，美国邮政总局11月16日宣布，一年一度的“圣诞老人行动” 今年将在全美各地开展，而且寄给圣诞老人的信件将由全美各地的人们在网上阅读。 有些事情没有改变：就像过去108年里一样，美国邮政总局表示，将邀请美国儿童写信并寄往北极，这些信件使用特殊的地址和邮政编码，并贴上适当的邮资。 但今年，只要内容清晰可读，并提出具体的礼物要求，如玩具、衣服或游戏等，这些信件将被上传到“圣诞老人行动”网站上。从12月4日开始，邮政客户可以阅读这些邮件，并选择将回信连同礼物一起寄出去，并签上圣诞老人的大名。 美国邮政总局的发言人金伯利·弗鲁姆在一封电子邮件中说：“今年暴发的新冠肺炎让如此多的美国人遭受了经济和情感上的过多困难。这个活动为孩子和家庭提供了一个在节日期间从慷慨的匿名邮政客户那里收礼物的机会。” 这些客户过去通常会亲自查看信件，但在2017年的一个试点项目后，“圣诞老人行动”近年来已经基本上转移到了网上。弗鲁姆说，到2019年，在线活动已经扩展到15个城市，包括纽约、芝加哥、丹佛和密歇根州大急流城等地，“以扩大全国各地慷慨的人们对那些有需要的人提供帮助的能力范围，不管他们住在哪里”。 弗鲁姆说，所谓的遗产项目仍在纽约和芝加哥实施，客户可以到邮局亲自阅读信件，但由于新冠疫情，今年将不提供这一服务。 大规模失业造成美国八分之一的家庭食物不足。尽管就业形势已开始好转，上个月的就业报告显示失业率下降了整整一个百分点，但长期失业人数（即失业半年以上的人数）上升了50%，达到360万人。最近几周新冠肺炎病例的急剧增加威胁到了这些脆弱的经济成果。 美国邮政总局表示，“圣诞老人行动”每年都会收到数十万封信件。 弗鲁姆说：“这似乎是一件小事，但对于那些正在苦苦挣扎的人来说，能够送出或收到一份礼物，分享节日里的一点快乐非常重要。” 英文来源：deccanherald 翻译&编辑：yaning

经过连日雨雪，国内一些省市已经提前进入了寒冬。阴沉沉的天空，漫漫的长夜，刺骨的寒冷，心情不知不觉就蒙上了一层灰色。如果你也因为冬天的到来而感到抑郁，那就来试试本文所说的“自然之道”吧！ Photo from Pexels The dreary days of winter are here, when sunlight is in short supply and nights are long and cold. Millions of Americans realize they don’t feel as chipper as usual, and may be downright depressed. If you’re one of them, you may be suffering from “seasonal affective disorder” or SAD. 阴郁的冬季已经到来，日照不足，长夜漫漫，寒意逼人。数以百万计的美国人发觉心情不再爽朗，甚至会彻底萎靡不振。如果你也是其中一员，那就有可能患上了“季节性情感障碍”（SAD）。 SAD depression is caused by lowered levels of serotonin, the mood-affecting brain chemical that is triggered by seasonal changes in daylight. Shorter days may also disrupt the body’s biological clock – circadian rhythm – which upsets the balance of melatonin, the hormone which regulates mood and sleep patterns. SAD由血清素水平降低所诱发，大脑中的这种化学物质能够左右情绪，其分泌受到季节性光照变化的影响。白昼变短同样会扰乱人体生物钟——又称昼夜节律，继而导致褪黑素（调节情绪和睡眠规律的荷尔蒙）分泌失衡。 Although SAD is often confused with other problems, such as regular non-seasonal depression, people with SAD usually suffer their worst symptoms during winter and improve when spring arrives. SAD symptoms are the same as those for regular depression, and they include excessive fatigue, difficulty concentrating, sleep problems, body aches and pains, and a loss of interest in activities you normally enjoy. 虽然季节性情感障碍经常容易与其他病症混淆，例如常见的非季节性抑郁症，但季节性情感障碍患者通常在冬季症状最为严重，春季来临之时即可缓解。季节性情感障碍的症状与常见的抑郁症一模一样，包括感觉筋疲力尽，难以集中精力，睡眠出现问题，身体疼痛不适，对平时喜欢的活动兴致全无，等等。 Try these easy, natural ways to fight SAD: 想战胜SAD？那就试试下列简单的“自然之道”： Take extra vitamin D. The body makes vitamin D when the skin is exposed to sunshine, but numerous studies show that many Americans are deficient in vitamin D even during sunny months. Levels fall even lower as fall and winter approach. 额外补充维生素D 。当阳光照射皮肤时，人体即会产生维生素D。但大量研究证明，许多美国人即便在阳光充足的月份里，也会缺乏维生素D。而秋冬两季来临时，维生素D 缺乏情况变得更为严重。 “The best natural method is to maintain optimal vitamin D levels throughout the year,” says board-certified family practitioner David Brown-stein, M. D. “The key is to not let vitamin D levels fall before beginning fall and winter supplementation,” he tells Newsmax Health. 具有执业资格的全科医生戴维·布朗斯坦表示：“最佳的自然疗法就是全年保持理想的维生素D 水平。”他告诉美国健康医疗指南网站：“关键在于秋冬季开始进补之前不让维生素D 水平下降。” Researchers at the University of Georgia analyzed more than 100 articles that examined the link between vitamin D and depression. Researchers found that a lack of vitamin D appeared to be a major factor in the development of SAD. 乔治亚大学的研究人员分析了100 多份探讨维生素D 与抑郁症之间联系的论文， 并发现缺乏维生素D 似乎是导致季节性情感障碍的一个主要诱因。 Vitamin D is necessary for the synthesis of serotonin and dopamine(chemicals associated with depression), so researchers concluded that a link between low vitamin D levels and depression was logical. The Vitamin D Council recommends 2,000 IU daily, but suggests taking more if you get little exposure to the sun. 维生素D 对于合成血清素和多巴胺（两者都是与抑郁症有关的化学物质）不可或缺。所以研究人员得出结论： 如果维生素D 水平较低，就会产生抑郁，这种解释合乎逻辑。维生素D 委员会建议每天补充2000 国际单位的维生素D, 如果不常晒太阳，则应补充更多。 Get more light . Most researchers agree that the people who fall victim to SAD most often are particularly sensitive to the lack of light. Although any amount of outdoor light can help raise serotonin levels, getting light in the morning seems to offer the most benefit. 多接触光线 。大部分研究人员都认为，对光线不足特别敏感的人最容易患上季节性情感障碍。尽管任何数量的户外光线都有助于提升血清素水平，但在清晨享受阳光似乎效果最佳。 If the weather permits, take a walk. In your home or office, try sitting close to a window that faces south. 如果天气条件允许， 多外出散步。在家里和办公室， 尽量坐在朝南的窗户旁边。 Replacing light bulbs in your home with full spectrum light bulbs can help because they emit light similar to sunlight. Or you can buy a light box that delivers light that mimics sunlight. “Exposure to full spectrum lighting for 30 minutes to one hour per day can help many patients,” says Dr. Brown-stein. Light boxes can be purchased for around $200. 把家里的电灯泡换成全光谱灯泡会大有益处，因为全光谱灯泡发出的光和太阳光相似。或者购买一个能够模拟太阳光的灯箱。布朗斯坦博士表示：“每天接受30 分钟到1 小时的全谱光线照射，对许多病人疗效甚佳。”灯箱的售价在200 美元左右。 Do NOT use sun lamps or tanning beds for self-treatment – they use UV light for tanning, while light boxes use full-spectrum light that simulates daylight. 不要使用日光灯或者日光浴床进行自我治疗——二者用紫外线灯把皮肤晒成褐色，而灯箱使用的是模拟太阳光的全谱光线。 Increase exercise . Although exercising may be about the last thing you want to do and would rather curl up with a book or watch a DVD, studies have shown that upping your exercise routine can counteract SAD. Exercise raises levels of serotonin and also increases levels of endorphins, which are responsible for “runner’s high” and have been shown to fight depression. 多做运动 。虽然你有可能最不想做运动，宁愿蜷在沙发上看书或欣赏DVD, 然而研究表明，平时多运动可以避免患上季节性情感障碍。因为运动可以提升血清素和内啡肽水平，两者都能使人产生“跑步者的愉悦感”，并已得到证实可以对抗抑郁症。 Dr. Brownstein advises exercising at least 20 minutes a day at least three times a week. Any type of exercise offers benefits. “The benefits are also long lasting,” he says. “The longer you do it, the more benefit you’ll get.” 布朗斯坦博士建议每天至少锻炼20 分钟，每周最少3 次。任何锻炼方式都会带来益处。他表示：“人们可以终身受益。坚持锻炼时间越长，益处越大。” Eat more fish . Fatty fish, such as salmon and sardines, contain omega-3 fatty acids. Studies have found that people who have low levels of two chemicals found in fish, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are at increased risk for depression. Either eat more fish – at least three times a week – or take fish oil capsules to combat SAD. 多食用鱼类 。富含脂肪的鱼类，比如鲑鱼和沙丁鱼，包含奥米伽-3脂肪酸。研究表明，人体如果缺乏鱼肉所富含的两种化学物质：二十碳五烯酸（EPA）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA），患上抑郁症的风险将大增。应对SAD 之策就是多吃鱼，每周至少3次，或者服用鱼油胶囊。 Try St. John’s wort . Use of this herb as medicine dates to the ancient Greeks, and it has been used for centuries to treat depression. “The Cochrane Collaboration, an independent, non-profit healthcare study group, found St. John’s wort compares favorably to SSRIs and older tricyclic medications in patients with major depression,” says Dr. Brownstein. “In addition, St. John’s wort was found to have 75 percent fewer side effects than standard medications used to treat depression.” 试试圣约翰草（贯叶连翘） 。这种草本植物入药的历史可以追溯至古希腊时期。许多个世纪以来，一直被用来治疗抑郁症。布朗斯坦博士表示：“独立的非营利性健康研究组织科克伦协作网发现，对重度抑郁患者而言，圣约翰草的疗效要好于选择性血清素再吸收抑制剂（SSRI）和更老式的三环类抗抑郁药。此外，使用圣约翰草治疗抑郁症，副作用要比使用标准药物少75%。 来源：《英语世界》杂志 作者：西尔维娅·布思·哈伯德（Sylvia Booth Hubbard） 译者：姚强

Photo from Pexels The dreary days of winter are here, when sunlight is in short supply and nights are long and cold. Millions of Americans realize they don’t feel as chipper as usual, and may be downright depressed. If you’re one of them, you may be suffering from “seasonal affective disorder” or SAD. SAD depression is caused by lowered levels of serotonin, the mood-affecting brain chemical that is triggered by seasonal changes in daylight. Shorter days may also disrupt the body’s biological clock – circadian rhythm – which upsets the balance of melatonin, the hormone which regulates mood and sleep patterns. Although SAD is often confused with other problems, such as regular non-seasonal depression, people with SAD usually suffer their worst symptoms during winter and improve when spring arrives. SAD symptoms are the same as those for regular depression, and they include excessive fatigue, difficulty concentrating, sleep problems, body aches and pains, and a loss of interest in activities you normally enjoy. Try these easy, natural ways to fight SAD: Take extra vitamin D. The body makes vitamin D when the skin is exposed to sunshine, but numerous studies show that many Americans are deficient in vitamin D even during sunny months. Levels fall even lower as fall and winter approach. “The best natural method is to maintain optimal vitamin D levels throughout the year,” says board-certified family practitioner David Brown-stein, M. D. “The key is to not let vitamin D levels fall before beginning fall and winter supplementation,” he tells Newsmax Health. Researchers at the University of Georgia analyzed more than 100 articles that examined the link between vitamin D and depression. Researchers found that a lack of vitamin D appeared to be a major factor in the development of SAD. Vitamin D is necessary for the synthesis of serotonin and dopamine(chemicals associated with depression), so researchers concluded that a link between low vitamin D levels and depression was logical. The Vitamin D Council recommends 2,000 IU daily, but suggests taking more if you get little exposure to the sun. Get more light . Most researchers agree that the people who fall victim to SAD most often are particularly sensitive to the lack of light. Although any amount of outdoor light can help raise serotonin levels, getting light in the morning seems to offer the most benefit. If the weather permits, take a walk. In your home or office, try sitting close to a window that faces south. Replacing light bulbs in your home with full spectrum light bulbs can help because they emit light similar to sunlight. Or you can buy a light box that delivers light that mimics sunlight. “Exposure to full spectrum lighting for 30 minutes to one hour per day can help many patients,” says Dr. Brown-stein. Light boxes can be purchased for around $200. Do NOT use sun lamps or tanning beds for self-treatment – they use UV light for tanning, while light boxes use full-spectrum light that simulates daylight. Increase exercise . Although exercising may be about the last thing you want to do and would rather curl up with a book or watch a DVD, studies have shown that upping your exercise routine can counteract SAD. Exercise raises levels of serotonin and also increases levels of endorphins, which are responsible for “runner’s high” and have been shown to fight depression. Dr. Brownstein advises exercising at least 20 minutes a day at least three times a week. Any type of exercise offers benefits. “The benefits are also long lasting,” he says. “The longer you do it, the more benefit you’ll get.” Eat more fish . Fatty fish, such as salmon and sardines, contain omega-3 fatty acids. Studies have found that people who have low levels of two chemicals found in fish, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are at increased risk for depression. Either eat more fish – at least three times a week – or take fish oil capsules to combat SAD. Try St. John’s wort . Use of this herb as medicine dates to the ancient Greeks, and it has been used for centuries to treat depression. “The Cochrane Collaboration, an independent, non-profit healthcare study group, found St. John’s wort compares favorably to SSRIs and older tricyclic medications in patients with major depression,” says Dr. Brownstein. “In addition, St. John’s wort was found to have 75 percent fewer side effects than standard medications used to treat depression.”

经过连日雨雪，国内一些省市已经提前进入了寒冬。阴沉沉的天空，漫漫的长夜，刺骨的寒冷，心情不知不觉就蒙上了一层灰色。如果你也因为冬天的到来而感到抑郁，那就来试试本文所说的“自然之道”吧！ 阴郁的冬季已经到来，日照不足，长夜漫漫，寒意逼人。数以百万计的美国人发觉心情不再爽朗，甚至会彻底萎靡不振。如果你也是其中一员，那就有可能患上了“季节性情感障碍”（SAD）。 SAD由血清素水平降低所诱发，大脑中的这种化学物质能够左右情绪，其分泌受到季节性光照变化的影响。白昼变短同样会扰乱人体生物钟——又称昼夜节律，继而导致褪黑素（调节情绪和睡眠规律的荷尔蒙）分泌失衡。 虽然季节性情感障碍经常容易与其他病症混淆，例如常见的非季节性抑郁症，但季节性情感障碍患者通常在冬季症状最为严重，春季来临之时即可缓解。季节性情感障碍的症状与常见的抑郁症一模一样，包括感觉筋疲力尽，难以集中精力，睡眠出现问题，身体疼痛不适，对平时喜欢的活动兴致全无，等等。 想战胜SAD？那就试试下列简单的“自然之道”： 额外补充维生素D 。当阳光照射皮肤时，人体即会产生维生素D。但大量研究证明，许多美国人即便在阳光充足的月份里，也会缺乏维生素D。而秋冬两季来临时，维生素D 缺乏情况变得更为严重。 具有执业资格的全科医生戴维·布朗斯坦表示：“最佳的自然疗法就是全年保持理想的维生素D 水平。”他告诉美国健康医疗指南网站：“关键在于秋冬季开始进补之前不让维生素D 水平下降。” 乔治亚大学的研究人员分析了100 多份探讨维生素D 与抑郁症之间联系的论文， 并发现缺乏维生素D 似乎是导致季节性情感障碍的一个主要诱因。 维生素D 对于合成血清素和多巴胺（两者都是与抑郁症有关的化学物质）不可或缺。所以研究人员得出结论： 如果维生素D 水平较低，就会产生抑郁，这种解释合乎逻辑。维生素D 委员会建议每天补充2000 国际单位的维生素D, 如果不常晒太阳，则应补充更多。 多接触光线 。大部分研究人员都认为，对光线不足特别敏感的人最容易患上季节性情感障碍。尽管任何数量的户外光线都有助于提升血清素水平，但在清晨享受阳光似乎效果最佳。 如果天气条件允许， 多外出散步。在家里和办公室， 尽量坐在朝南的窗户旁边。 把家里的电灯泡换成全光谱灯泡会大有益处，因为全光谱灯泡发出的光和太阳光相似。或者购买一个能够模拟太阳光的灯箱。布朗斯坦博士表示：“每天接受30 分钟到1 小时的全谱光线照射，对许多病人疗效甚佳。”灯箱的售价在200 美元左右。 不要使用日光灯或者日光浴床进行自我治疗——二者用紫外线灯把皮肤晒成褐色，而灯箱使用的是模拟太阳光的全谱光线。 多做运动 。虽然你有可能最不想做运动，宁愿蜷在沙发上看书或欣赏DVD, 然而研究表明，平时多运动可以避免患上季节性情感障碍。因为运动可以提升血清素和内啡肽水平，两者都能使人产生“跑步者的愉悦感”，并已得到证实可以对抗抑郁症。 布朗斯坦博士建议每天至少锻炼20 分钟，每周最少3 次。任何锻炼方式都会带来益处。他表示：“人们可以终身受益。坚持锻炼时间越长，益处越大。” 多食用鱼类 。富含脂肪的鱼类，比如鲑鱼和沙丁鱼，包含奥米伽-3脂肪酸。研究表明，人体如果缺乏鱼肉所富含的两种化学物质：二十碳五烯酸（EPA）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA），患上抑郁症的风险将大增。应对SAD 之策就是多吃鱼，每周至少3次，或者服用鱼油胶囊。 试试圣约翰草（贯叶连翘） 。这种草本植物入药的历史可以追溯至古希腊时期。许多个世纪以来，一直被用来治疗抑郁症。布朗斯坦博士表示：“独立的非营利性健康研究组织科克伦协作网发现，对重度抑郁患者而言，圣约翰草的疗效要好于选择性血清素再吸收抑制剂（SSRI）和更老式的三环类抗抑郁药。此外，使用圣约翰草治疗抑郁症，副作用要比使用标准药物少75%。 来源：《英语世界》杂志 作者：西尔维娅·布思·哈伯德（Sylvia Booth Hubbard） 译者：姚强

辉瑞等制药公司在新冠疫苗上的进展让美国民众看到了希望，但是白宫健康顾问安东尼·福奇博士提醒人们，接种了疫苗仍然要坚持佩戴口罩和社交隔离等防护措施，因为疫苗可以防止得病，但可能无法防止病毒传播。 Vials with a sticker reading, "COVID-19 / Coronavirus vaccine / Injection only" and a medical syringe are seen in front of a displayed Pfizer logo in this illustration taken October 31, 2020. REUTERS/Dado Ruvic As several coronavirus vaccines inch closer toward FDA approval, the nation’s leading infectious disease expert has called on the public to double down on public health measures. Dr. Anthony Fauci, in a virtual discussion with The Hastings Center on Thursday, said the eventual vaccine is meant to protect the individual from getting sick from the coronavirus, but may not prevent that person from spreading the virus to others. 就在好几种新冠疫苗正在等待美国食品和药物管理局的审批之时，美国顶级传染病专家安东尼·福奇博士呼吁民众坚持公共卫生措施。福奇本周四（11月19日）在海斯汀中心参加虚拟讨论时表示，研发疫苗的最终目的是为了保护个人不因感染新冠病毒而生病，但可能无法防止接种者向他人传播病毒。 Fauci, when discussing Pfizer and Moderna’s results in clinical trials, explained that the vaccines are being evaluated to see if they prevent clinically apparent disease in the individual, and also to see if it prevents severe disease in a person who was inoculated. However, it is not yet clear what impact the vaccines may have on transmission. 福奇在讨论辉瑞和莫德纳制药公司的临床试验结果时解释道，正在对疫苗进行评估以确定其能否防止个人出现明显临床症状，并确定接种疫苗后是否可以避免发展成重症。但是，目前尚不清楚疫苗对病毒传播可能产生的影响。 "We have the same issue with influenza,” Fauci said, noting that the two coronavirus vaccines are far more effective than the seasonal flu vaccine. “You can get vaccinated with influenza and you won’t get sick, but it won’t necessarily prevent you from getting infected – although you won’t know you’re infected because you’ll either get mild or no symptoms.” 福奇称：“流感疫苗也存在这样的问题。”他指出，两种新冠疫苗都比季节性流感疫苗要有效得多。“你接种了流感疫苗后不会患上流感，但不一定会防止你感染流感病毒，不过由于你的症状轻微或没有症状，所以你并不知道自己被感染。” The same concept applies to the eventual COVID-19 vaccine, he said. 他说，新冠疫苗的最终成品也是同理。 "The issue is that you’re not going to be completely protected against a degree of infection that you might not even notice that you might be able to spread to others,” he said. “Which is the reason why the message you may have heard me say over the last couple weeks in the media is that getting vaccinated with a highly efficacious vaccine does not mean that you’re going to abandon completely public health measures.” 他说：“问题在于，当你觉察不到是否在向他人传播病毒时，你是不能完全隔绝病毒感染的。这就是我为什么前几周向媒体表示，即使注射了非常有效的疫苗，也不意味着你可以完全放弃公共卫生措施。” Much debate over mask-wearing and whether it’s beneficial to the wearer or is helpful in stopping the spread has divided the country, particularly as states reenter lockdown modes. Fauci said the public health measures, which include social distancing, avoiding large gatherings, and frequent handwashing should be routine until the level of virus in the community becomes minuscule so that the risk of infection is no longer a threat. 关于佩戴口罩是否对佩戴者有益或是否有助于遏制病毒传播在美国有两种截然不同的声音，尤其在各州又重新进入封锁模式后。福奇表示，包括社交隔离、避免大型聚会和频繁洗手在内的公共卫生措施应该成为常规，直到社区内的新冠病毒传播水平降至极低，人们不再有被感染的风险。 Communication, especially as the issues become politically polarized, has been especially difficult, Fauci said, adding that part of the challenge when implementing a public health policy is that it has to be an “all in this together” effort. With recent polls suggesting a decent amount of vaccine hesitancy across the nation, it doesn’t indicate that mass vaccination efforts will be a particularly easy effort. 福奇表示，随着这一问题政治两极化，沟通变得尤为困难。他补充道，实施公共卫生政策的一部分挑战来自需要让民众“团结一心”。最近的民意调查显示，美国各地有相当多的人对接种疫苗感到迟疑，这意味着大规模接种疫苗不是一件很容易的事。 "What we need to do, in a very clear, understandable way, is explain and I try to do this as often as I possibly can – that the speed [of vaccine development] itself is a reflection of scientific advances,” he said. “In other words, the technology of making a vaccine is not your grandfather’s technology – it’s the 21st century technology.” 他说：“我们需要做的，简单直白地讲，就是解释，而我尽可能地在反复解释，疫苗研发的速度本身反映了科学进步。换言之，现在制造疫苗的技术不是你祖辈时的技术，而是21世纪的技术。” He added that the federal funding and billions of dollars invested at-risk for development and pre-manufacturing orders have helped speed up the timeline by months if not years. 他补充道，投入到研发和预售订单上的联邦经费和数十亿美元风险投资就算没有将研发时间缩短几年，至少也缩短了几个月。 "Speed has nothing to do with compromising safety or scientific integrity,” he said. 他说：“疫苗研发的速度虽快，但不会有损疫苗的安全性或科学完整性。” As of Thursday, the US had tallied over 11.6 million cases of coronavirus, and more than 251,000 deaths. 截至本周四（11月19日），美国新冠肺炎累计确诊病例超1160万，累计死亡病例超25.1万。 英文来源：福克斯新闻 翻译&编辑：丹妮

Vials with a sticker reading, "COVID-19 / Coronavirus vaccine / Injection only" and a medical syringe are seen in front of a displayed Pfizer logo in this illustration taken October 31, 2020. REUTERS/Dado Ruvic As several coronavirus vaccines inch closer toward FDA approval, the nation’s leading infectious disease expert has called on the public to double down on public health measures. Dr. Anthony Fauci, in a virtual discussion with The Hastings Center on Thursday, said the eventual vaccine is meant to protect the individual from getting sick from the coronavirus, but may not prevent that person from spreading the virus to others. Fauci, when discussing Pfizer and Moderna’s results in clinical trials, explained that the vaccines are being evaluated to see if they prevent clinically apparent disease in the individual, and also to see if it prevents severe disease in a person who was inoculated. However, it is not yet clear what impact the vaccines may have on transmission. "We have the same issue with influenza,” Fauci said, noting that the two coronavirus vaccines are far more effective than the seasonal flu vaccine. “You can get vaccinated with influenza and you won’t get sick, but it won’t necessarily prevent you from getting infected – although you won’t know you’re infected because you’ll either get mild or no symptoms.” The same concept applies to the eventual COVID-19 vaccine, he said. "The issue is that you’re not going to be completely protected against a degree of infection that you might not even notice that you might be able to spread to others,” he said. “Which is the reason why the message you may have heard me say over the last couple weeks in the media is that getting vaccinated with a highly efficacious vaccine does not mean that you’re going to abandon completely public health measures.” Much debate over mask-wearing and whether it’s beneficial to the wearer or is helpful in stopping the spread has divided the country, particularly as states reenter lockdown modes. Fauci said the public health measures, which include social distancing, avoiding large gatherings, and frequent handwashing should be routine until the level of virus in the community becomes minuscule so that the risk of infection is no longer a threat. Communication, especially as the issues become politically polarized, has been especially difficult, Fauci said, adding that part of the challenge when implementing a public health policy is that it has to be an “all in this together” effort. With recent polls suggesting a decent amount of vaccine hesitancy across the nation, it doesn’t indicate that mass vaccination efforts will be a particularly easy effort. "What we need to do, in a very clear, understandable way, is explain and I try to do this as often as I possibly can – that the speed [of vaccine development] itself is a reflection of scientific advances,” he said. “In other words, the technology of making a vaccine is not your grandfather’s technology – it’s the 21st century technology.” He added that the federal funding and billions of dollars invested at-risk for development and pre-manufacturing orders have helped speed up the timeline by months if not years. "Speed has nothing to do with compromising safety or scientific integrity,” he said. As of Thursday, the US had tallied over 11.6 million cases of coronavirus, and more than 251,000 deaths.

辉瑞等制药公司在新冠疫苗上的进展让美国民众看到了希望，但是白宫健康顾问安东尼·福奇博士提醒人们，接种了疫苗仍然要坚持佩戴口罩和社交隔离等防护措施，因为疫苗可以防止得病，但可能无法防止病毒传播。 就在好几种新冠疫苗正在等待美国食品和药物管理局的审批之时，美国顶级传染病专家安东尼·福奇博士呼吁民众坚持公共卫生措施。福奇本周四（11月19日）在海斯汀中心参加虚拟讨论时表示，研发疫苗的最终目的是为了保护个人不因感染新冠病毒而生病，但可能无法防止接种者向他人传播病毒。 福奇在讨论辉瑞和莫德纳制药公司的临床试验结果时解释道，正在对疫苗进行评估以确定其能否防止个人出现明显临床症状，并确定接种疫苗后是否可以避免发展成重症。但是，目前尚不清楚疫苗对病毒传播可能产生的影响。 福奇称：“流感疫苗也存在这样的问题。”他指出，两种新冠疫苗都比季节性流感疫苗要有效得多。“你接种了流感疫苗后不会患上流感，但不一定会防止你感染流感病毒，不过由于你的症状轻微或没有症状，所以你并不知道自己被感染。” 他说，新冠疫苗的最终成品也是同理。 他说：“问题在于，当你觉察不到是否在向他人传播病毒时，你是不能完全隔绝病毒感染的。这就是我为什么前几周向媒体表示，即使注射了非常有效的疫苗，也不意味着你可以完全放弃公共卫生措施。” 关于佩戴口罩是否对佩戴者有益或是否有助于遏制病毒传播在美国有两种截然不同的声音，尤其在各州又重新进入封锁模式后。福奇表示，包括社交隔离、避免大型聚会和频繁洗手在内的公共卫生措施应该成为常规，直到社区内的新冠病毒传播水平降至极低，人们不再有被感染的风险。 福奇表示，随着这一问题政治两极化，沟通变得尤为困难。他补充道，实施公共卫生政策的一部分挑战来自需要让民众“团结一心”。最近的民意调查显示，美国各地有相当多的人对接种疫苗感到迟疑，这意味着大规模接种疫苗不是一件很容易的事。 他说：“我们需要做的，简单直白地讲，就是解释，而我尽可能地在反复解释，疫苗研发的速度本身反映了科学进步。换言之，现在制造疫苗的技术不是你祖辈时的技术，而是21世纪的技术。” 他补充道，投入到研发和预售订单上的联邦经费和数十亿美元风险投资就算没有将研发时间缩短几年，至少也缩短了几个月。 他说：“疫苗研发的速度虽快，但不会有损疫苗的安全性或科学完整性。” 截至本周四（11月19日），美国新冠肺炎累计确诊病例超1160万，累计死亡病例超25.1万。 英文来源：福克斯新闻 翻译&编辑：丹妮

美国前总统奥巴马卸任后的首部作品《应许之地》，于11月17日在全球各地以25种语言同时出版。这本书是奥巴马回忆录的第一卷。全书披露了他的不少家庭生活细节，也以2011年5月为时间截止点，回顾了在第一任总统期间，奥巴马应对金融危机、推出医改法案、美军击毙本·拉登等重大事件的决策过程。《应许之地》一经出售就登上图书畅销榜榜首。 Crown Barack Obama is well on his way to becoming the bestselling author of the year. 美国前总统贝拉克·奥巴马即将成为年度畅销书作家。 It is a title previously bestowed on his wife, Michelle Obama, whose book " Becoming " rocketed to the top of the charts in 2018. 他的妻子米歇尔·奥巴马曾赢得过这个称号，她所著的《成为：米歇尔·奥巴马自传》在2018年飙升至图书销售榜榜首。 bestow [bɪˈstəʊ]：vt.授予 Now the former president's new memoir, " A Promised Land ," is breaking records for the book's publisher, Crown, an imprint of Penguin Random House. 如今，这位前总统的新回忆录《应许之地》正在打破该书出版商、企鹅兰登书屋旗下的皇冠出版社的纪录。 “ A Promised Land ” offers Obama’s take on some of his most notable moments in office, from wrestling a global financial crisis to passing the Affordable Care Act . 从应对全球金融危机到通过《平价医疗法案》，《应许之地》记录了奥巴马执政期间最重要的一些时刻。 take [teɪk]：（非正式）看法，态度 The first of two volumes, this initial 768-page release is what Obama described in a September statement as “an honest accounting of my presidential campaign and my time in office, the key events and people who shaped it, my take on what I got right and the mistakes I made, and the political, economic, and cultural forces that my team and I had to confront then — and that as a nation we are grappling with still.” 《应许之地》是奥巴马两卷回忆录中的第一卷，共计768页。奥巴马在9月的一份声明中说，这本书“诚实地讲述了我的总统竞选和执政时期，关键事件和影响决策的人，我的正确决定和我所犯的错误，以及当时我和团队必须面对的政治、经济和文化力量。美国如今仍在努力解决这些问题。” The publisher has yet to announce the release date of the second volume. 出版商尚未公布第二卷的发行日期。 Former US President Barack Obama speaks by video feed during the virtual 2020 Democratic National Convention as participants from across the country are hosted over video links from the originally planned site of the convention in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, US August 19, 2020. 2020. [Photo/Agencies] Hundreds of thousands of people pre-ordered "A Promised Land" ahead of Tuesday's release date. 在11月17日正式发售之前，已有数十万人预订了这本书。 Those pre-order sales, plus first-day sales, totaled 887,000 units "in all formats and editions in the US and Canada," Penguin Random House said on Wednesday. 企鹅兰登书屋11月18日表示，在美国和加拿大，该书“各种版本”的预订量加上首日销量总计达88.7万册。 The publisher said this result represented "the largest first-day sales total for any book ever published" by the company. 这家出版商表示，这是公司“有史以来出版的图书中首日销量最高的”。 By comparison, Bill Clinton’s “ My Life ” sold around 400,000 copies on its first day and George W. Bush’s “ Decision Points ” around 220,000, with sales for each memoir currently between 3.5 million and 4 million copies. 相比之下，比尔·克林顿的《我的人生》在上市首日卖出约40万册，乔治·W·布什的《抉择时刻》首日卖出约22万册，目前这两本回忆录的销量均在350万册到400万册之间。 For the United States and Canada, Crown printed 3.4 million copies of the hardcover edition. 皇冠出版社印刷了340万本精装版《应许之地》在美国和加拿大发售。 Barnes & Noble CEO James Daunt told Publishers Weekly earlier in the year, "This will be a book of rare consequence. That it will sell as no other book has done since July 21, 2007" — when " Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows " came out — "is immensely cheering to booksellers." 今年早些时候，巴诺公司首席执行官詹姆斯·道特对《出版商周刊》说：“这将是一本影响深远的书。自2007年7月21日《哈利·波特与死亡圣器》问世以来，这本书的销量是前所未有的，这对书商来说是极大的鼓舞。” Booksellers expect that the memoir will remain a top seller throughout the holiday season. 书商们预计，这本回忆录在整个节日期间都将排在畅销榜榜首。 Obama shared an eponymous playlist as a sort of companion to the book, which includes "some memorable songs from my administration," he tweeted. 配合新书发售，奥巴马还分享了一个同名的音乐播放列表，其中包括“一些我在任时难忘的歌曲”，他在推特上写道。 eponymous [ɪˈpɒnɪməs]：adj.与作品同名的；以……的名字命名的 英文来源：CNN、洛杉矶时报 翻译&编辑：yaning

Crown Barack Obama is well on his way to becoming the bestselling author of the year. It is a title previously bestowed on his wife, Michelle Obama, whose book " Becoming " rocketed to the top of the charts in 2018. Now the former president's new memoir, " A Promised Land ," is breaking records for the book's publisher, Crown, an imprint of Penguin Random House. “ A Promised Land ” offers Obama’s take on some of his most notable moments in office, from wrestling a global financial crisis to passing the Affordable Care Act . The first of two volumes, this initial 768-page release is what Obama described in a September statement as “an honest accounting of my presidential campaign and my time in office, the key events and people who shaped it, my take on what I got right and the mistakes I made, and the political, economic, and cultural forces that my team and I had to confront then — and that as a nation we are grappling with still.” The publisher has yet to announce the release date of the second volume. Former US President Barack Obama speaks by video feed during the virtual 2020 Democratic National Convention as participants from across the country are hosted over video links from the originally planned site of the convention in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, US August 19, 2020. 2020. [Photo/Agencies] Hundreds of thousands of people pre-ordered "A Promised Land" ahead of Tuesday's release date. Those pre-order sales, plus first-day sales, totaled 887,000 units "in all formats and editions in the US and Canada," Penguin Random House said on Wednesday. The publisher said this result represented "the largest first-day sales total for any book ever published" by the company. By comparison, Bill Clinton’s “ My Life ” sold around 400,000 copies on its first day and George W. Bush’s “ Decision Points ” around 220,000, with sales for each memoir currently between 3.5 million and 4 million copies. For the United States and Canada, Crown printed 3.4 million copies of the hardcover edition. Barnes & Noble CEO James Daunt told Publishers Weekly earlier in the year, "This will be a book of rare consequence. That it will sell as no other book has done since July 21, 2007" — when " Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows " came out — "is immensely cheering to booksellers." Booksellers expect that the memoir will remain a top seller throughout the holiday season. Obama shared an eponymous playlist as a sort of companion to the book, which includes "some memorable songs from my administration," he tweeted.

美国前总统奥巴马卸任后的首部作品《应许之地》，于11月17日在全球各地以25种语言同时出版。这本书是奥巴马回忆录的第一卷。全书披露了他的不少家庭生活细节，也以2011年5月为时间截止点，回顾了在第一任总统期间，奥巴马应对金融危机、推出医改法案、美军击毙本·拉登等重大事件的决策过程。《应许之地》一经出售就登上图书畅销榜榜首。 美国前总统贝拉克·奥巴马即将成为年度畅销书作家。 他的妻子米歇尔·奥巴马曾赢得过这个称号，她所著的《成为：米歇尔·奥巴马自传》在2018年飙升至图书销售榜榜首。 bestow [bɪˈstəʊ]：vt.授予 如今，这位前总统的新回忆录《应许之地》正在打破该书出版商、企鹅兰登书屋旗下的皇冠出版社的纪录。 从应对全球金融危机到通过《平价医疗法案》，《应许之地》记录了奥巴马执政期间最重要的一些时刻。 take [teɪk]：（非正式）看法，态度 《应许之地》是奥巴马两卷回忆录中的第一卷，共计768页。奥巴马在9月的一份声明中说，这本书“诚实地讲述了我的总统竞选和执政时期，关键事件和影响决策的人，我的正确决定和我所犯的错误，以及当时我和团队必须面对的政治、经济和文化力量。美国如今仍在努力解决这些问题。” 出版商尚未公布第二卷的发行日期。 在11月17日正式发售之前，已有数十万人预订了这本书。 企鹅兰登书屋11月18日表示，在美国和加拿大，该书“各种版本”的预订量加上首日销量总计达88.7万册。 这家出版商表示，这是公司“有史以来出版的图书中首日销量最高的”。 相比之下，比尔·克林顿的《我的人生》在上市首日卖出约40万册，乔治·W·布什的《抉择时刻》首日卖出约22万册，目前这两本回忆录的销量均在350万册到400万册之间。 皇冠出版社印刷了340万本精装版《应许之地》在美国和加拿大发售。 今年早些时候，巴诺公司首席执行官詹姆斯·道特对《出版商周刊》说：“这将是一本影响深远的书。自2007年7月21日《哈利·波特与死亡圣器》问世以来，这本书的销量是前所未有的，这对书商来说是极大的鼓舞。” 书商们预计，这本回忆录在整个节日期间都将排在畅销榜榜首。 配合新书发售，奥巴马还分享了一个同名的音乐播放列表，其中包括“一些我在任时难忘的歌曲”，他在推特上写道。 eponymous [ɪˈpɒnɪməs]：adj.与作品同名的；以……的名字命名的 英文来源：CNN、洛杉矶时报 翻译&编辑：yaning

美国儿科学会数据显示，截至11月12日，美国超过100万名儿童新冠病毒检测结果呈阳性，近期儿童新冠病例激增。 Students exit a school as the spread of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) continues, in Brooklyn, New Yor, Nov 13, 2020. [Photo/Agencies] Over a million children under 18 have been diagnosed with Covid-19 in the United States since the start of the pandemic, the American Academy of Pediatrics and the Children's Hospital Association said Monday. 美国儿科学会和儿童医院协会11月16日表示，自新冠疫情在美国暴发以来，已有超过100万名18岁以下的儿童被确诊感染新冠病毒。 "As of Nov 12, a total of 1,039,464 children have tested positive for Covid-19 since the onset of the pandemic. In the one-week period ending Nov 12, there were 111,946 new cases in children, which is substantially larger than any previous week in the pandemic," the groups said in a joint statement. 两家机构在一份联合声明中说：“自疫情暴发至11月12日，共有1039464名美国儿童的新冠病毒检测呈阳性。在11月6日至12日的一周内，美国新增111946例儿童确诊病例，比疫情期间任何一周多得多。” "The increase tracks surges in the virus in communities across the US," they added. 两家机构补充说：“这种增长伴随美国社区确诊病例激增出现。” "As a pediatrician who has practiced medicine for over three decades, I find this number staggering and tragic," said Dr. Sally Goza, president of the American Academy of Pediatrics, which represents pediatricians. "We haven't seen a virus flash through our communities in this way since before we had vaccines for measles and polio." 美国儿科学会主席萨莉·戈萨博士说：“作为从业超过三十年的儿科医生，这个数字让我震惊和悲哀。麻疹疫苗和小儿麻痹症疫苗问世以来，人们还没有见过病毒以这种方式在社区间快速传播。” pediatrician[ˌpiːdiə'trɪʃn]：n.儿科医生 Because most children appear to have few or no symptoms, case counts in kids are thought to be widely underreported. 由于大多数儿童受感染后症状轻微或者无症状，实际的儿童确诊病例数还要超出很多。 Goza called for "a new, nationwide strategy to control the pandemic," which she said should include implementing "proven public health measures like mask wearing and physical distancing." 戈萨呼吁“实施一项新的国家战略控制疫情”，其中应包括实施“公认的公共卫生措施，比如戴口罩和保持社交距离。” "This pandemic is taking a heavy toll on children, families and communities, as well as on physicians and other front-line medical teams. We must work now to restore confidence in our public health and scientific agencies, create fiscal relief for families and pediatricians alike, and support the systems that support children and families such as our schools, mental health care, and nutrition assistance." “新冠疫情给儿童、家庭、社区、医生和其他一线医疗团队造成了沉重的伤害。我们现在必须立即行动起来，恢复人们对公共卫生和科学机构的信心，为家庭和儿科医生提供财政援助，并支援那些支持儿童和家庭的系统，例如学校、心理保健服务和营养援助。” At the same time, about one in five children in the US had a "vaccine hesitant" parent last year, according to new data from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 与此同时，美国疾病控制和预防中心的最新数据显示，去年，美国约有五分之一的父母对疫苗接种犹豫不决。 Parental concerns over vaccine safety have contributed to several major outbreaks of preventable diseases, including the 2019 measles outbreak in the US -- the largest number of cases in 27 years. It was largely driven by parents in Washington state and New York who failed to follow childhood vaccine guidelines. 父母对疫苗安全性的担忧导致了几起可预防疾病的大暴发，包括2019年美国麻疹暴发，这是27年来美国麻疹病例最多的一次。这次暴发在很大程度上是由于华盛顿州和纽约州的父母没有遵守儿童疫苗接种指南。 Outbreaks in the US of mumps and pertussis, also known as whooping cough, have also occurred in recent years due to a lack of basic childhood immunizations, according to the CDC, which notes that too few children get flu vaccines every year. Only about 63% of children under the age of 18 get vaccinated against flu, although the CDC says everyone over the age of 6 months should get a flu vaccine every year. 美国疾病控制和预防中心指出，由于缺乏基本的儿童免疫接种，近年来美国也暴发了流行性腮腺炎和百日咳，并指出每年接种流感疫苗的儿童太少。尽管美国疾病控制和预防中心说，所有半岁以上的人群应每年接种流感疫苗，但18岁以下的儿童只有大约63%进行了接种。 Public health officials worry that vaccine hesitancy will reduce the willingness of parents to allow their children to be vaccinated against Covid-19 when a safe and effective vaccine becomes available. 公共卫生官员担心，在有了安全有效的新冠疫苗之后，对疫苗的犹豫会降低家长让孩子接种的意愿。 Studies have shown children of all ages are likely to contribute to the spread coronavirus, and the statistics released Monday indicated children make up a large number of US cases. 研究表明，所有年龄段的儿童都有可能导致新冠病毒的传播。11月16日公布的统计数据显示，儿童在美国新冠肺炎确诊病例中占很大比例。 【美国疫情统计数据】 据美国约翰斯·霍普金斯大学发布的新冠肺炎疫情最新统计数据显示，截至美国当地时间11月17日15时18分，美国新冠肺炎累计确诊病例达11279503例，死亡病例为250485例。过去24小时内，美国新增确诊病例162863例，新增死亡病例755例。 汇总美国部分州卫生部门报告的数据，5月以来，美国至少6330名儿童因感染新冠住院，133名儿童因感染新冠死亡。 英文来源：CNN 翻译&编辑：yaning

Students exit a school as the spread of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) continues, in Brooklyn, New Yor, Nov 13, 2020. [Photo/Agencies] Over a million children under 18 have been diagnosed with Covid-19 in the United States since the start of the pandemic, the American Academy of Pediatrics and the Children's Hospital Association said Monday. "As of Nov 12, a total of 1,039,464 children have tested positive for Covid-19 since the onset of the pandemic. In the one-week period ending Nov 12, there were 111,946 new cases in children, which is substantially larger than any previous week in the pandemic," the groups said in a joint statement. "The increase tracks surges in the virus in communities across the US," they added. "As a pediatrician who has practiced medicine for over three decades, I find this number staggering and tragic," said Dr. Sally Goza, president of the American Academy of Pediatrics, which represents pediatricians. "We haven't seen a virus flash through our communities in this way since before we had vaccines for measles and polio." Because most children appear to have few or no symptoms, case counts in kids are thought to be widely underreported. Goza called for "a new, nationwide strategy to control the pandemic," which she said should include implementing "proven public health measures like mask wearing and physical distancing." "This pandemic is taking a heavy toll on children, families and communities, as well as on physicians and other front-line medical teams. We must work now to restore confidence in our public health and scientific agencies, create fiscal relief for families and pediatricians alike, and support the systems that support children and families such as our schools, mental health care, and nutrition assistance." At the same time, about one in five children in the US had a "vaccine hesitant" parent last year, according to new data from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Parental concerns over vaccine safety have contributed to several major outbreaks of preventable diseases, including the 2019 measles outbreak in the US -- the largest number of cases in 27 years. It was largely driven by parents in Washington state and New York who failed to follow childhood vaccine guidelines. Outbreaks in the US of mumps and pertussis, also known as whooping cough, have also occurred in recent years due to a lack of basic childhood immunizations, according to the CDC, which notes that too few children get flu vaccines every year. Only about 63% of children under the age of 18 get vaccinated against flu, although the CDC says everyone over the age of 6 months should get a flu vaccine every year. Public health officials worry that vaccine hesitancy will reduce the willingness of parents to allow their children to be vaccinated against Covid-19 when a safe and effective vaccine becomes available. Studies have shown children of all ages are likely to contribute to the spread coronavirus, and the statistics released Monday indicated children make up a large number of US cases.

美国儿科学会数据显示，截至11月12日，美国超过100万名儿童新冠病毒检测结果呈阳性，近期儿童新冠病例激增。 美国儿科学会和儿童医院协会11月16日表示，自新冠疫情在美国暴发以来，已有超过100万名18岁以下的儿童被确诊感染新冠病毒。 两家机构在一份联合声明中说：“自疫情暴发至11月12日，共有1039464名美国儿童的新冠病毒检测呈阳性。在11月6日至12日的一周内，美国新增111946例儿童确诊病例，比疫情期间任何一周多得多。” 两家机构补充说：“这种增长伴随美国社区确诊病例激增出现。” 美国儿科学会主席萨莉·戈萨博士说：“作为从业超过三十年的儿科医生，这个数字让我震惊和悲哀。麻疹疫苗和小儿麻痹症疫苗问世以来，人们还没有见过病毒以这种方式在社区间快速传播。” pediatrician[ˌpiːdiə'trɪʃn]：n.儿科医生 由于大多数儿童受感染后症状轻微或者无症状，实际的儿童确诊病例数还要超出很多。 戈萨呼吁“实施一项新的国家战略控制疫情”，其中应包括实施“公认的公共卫生措施，比如戴口罩和保持社交距离。” “新冠疫情给儿童、家庭、社区、医生和其他一线医疗团队造成了沉重的伤害。我们现在必须立即行动起来，恢复人们对公共卫生和科学机构的信心，为家庭和儿科医生提供财政援助，并支援那些支持儿童和家庭的系统，例如学校、心理保健服务和营养援助。” 与此同时，美国疾病控制和预防中心的最新数据显示，去年，美国约有五分之一的父母对疫苗接种犹豫不决。 父母对疫苗安全性的担忧导致了几起可预防疾病的大暴发，包括2019年美国麻疹暴发，这是27年来美国麻疹病例最多的一次。这次暴发在很大程度上是由于华盛顿州和纽约州的父母没有遵守儿童疫苗接种指南。 美国疾病控制和预防中心指出，由于缺乏基本的儿童免疫接种，近年来美国也暴发了流行性腮腺炎和百日咳，并指出每年接种流感疫苗的儿童太少。尽管美国疾病控制和预防中心说，所有半岁以上的人群应每年接种流感疫苗，但18岁以下的儿童只有大约63%进行了接种。 公共卫生官员担心，在有了安全有效的新冠疫苗之后，对疫苗的犹豫会降低家长让孩子接种的意愿。 研究表明，所有年龄段的儿童都有可能导致新冠病毒的传播。11月16日公布的统计数据显示，儿童在美国新冠肺炎确诊病例中占很大比例。 【美国疫情统计数据】 据美国约翰斯·霍普金斯大学发布的新冠肺炎疫情最新统计数据显示，截至美国当地时间11月17日15时18分，美国新冠肺炎累计确诊病例达11279503例，死亡病例为250485例。过去24小时内，美国新增确诊病例162863例，新增死亡病例755例。 汇总美国部分州卫生部门报告的数据，5月以来，美国至少6330名儿童因感染新冠住院，133名儿童因感染新冠死亡。 英文来源：CNN 翻译&编辑：yaning

英国婚姻基金会最近开展的一项研究表明，英国五分之一夫妻关系在疫情封锁期间有所改善，打算离婚的夫妻比例减少了三分之二，这让“封锁导致离婚潮”的说法不攻自破。 Brooke Winters@brookeowinters/unsplash One in five of marriages in the UK have benefited from the national lockdown, research has revealed. 一项研究表明，英国五分之一夫妻关系在疫情封锁期间有所改善。 A study carried out by the Marriage Foundation found 20 percent of married couples felt their relationship had strengthened while only nine percent said theirs had worsened during the pandemic. 英国婚姻基金会开展的这项研究发现，20%的已婚夫妇认为他们的关系得以改善，只有9%的人表示夫妻关系在疫情期间恶化了。 During their research, the national charity analysed data from 2,559 couples who had completed a questionnaire by the University of Essex for the UK Household Longitudinal Survey Coronavirus Study. 该全国性慈善机构在研究中分析了2559位夫妇的数据，他们都完成了埃塞克斯大学为英国新冠病毒研究家庭纵向调查所设计的调查问卷。 They found twice as many marriages had improved during the coronavirus crisis while the proportion of couples considering divorce fell by two thirds from those seen before the pandemic in 2017- 2019. 研究人员发现，相较于2017年到2019年而言，在新冠疫情危机期间，关系更好的夫妻比例增加了一倍，打算离婚的夫妻比例减少了三分之二。 Harry Benson, the Marriage Foundation's Research Director and one of the report's authors said: 'Our study debunks claims that lockdown is leading to a divorce boom. 英国婚姻基金会研究主任、报告的作者之一哈利·本森说：“我们的研究让‘封锁导致离婚潮’的说法不攻自破。” debunk [diːˈbʌŋk]：vt. 揭穿；暴露 'The data strongly suggests the opposite – spending more time with your husband or wife has been beneficial for large numbers of the UK's 12.8 million married couples. “数据有力地表明，事实正好相反，对于英国1280万对夫妻中的大部分人来说，花更多时间和另一半相处益处良多。” 'These findings for UK marriages are further strengthened when set alongside a similar recent analysis of US marriages. “与最近对美国婚姻的类似分析结果相结合，上述有关英国婚姻的发现得到了进一步的证实。” 'Analysis of a national survey last week found half of married adults said their appreciation of their partner had increased and commitment had deepened. “上周进行的一项全国性调查分析发现，半数已婚人士称，他们更加欣赏自己的伴侣，对伴侣的承诺也更坚定。” Researchers also found that 0.7 percent of married men and 2.2 percent of women were considering divorce - reflecting a decrease by two thirds compared to pre-Covid times. 研究人员还发现，0.7%的已婚男性和2.2%的已婚女性正在考虑离婚。与疫情前相比，考虑离婚的人数比例下降了三分之二。 However research also showed lockdown has 'caused friction in some marriages', with more married men saying they were 'fairly' or 'extremely unhappy'. 然而，研究也显示，封锁“使一些夫妻之间产生了摩擦”，更多的已婚男性表示他们“相当”或“非常不快乐”。 Meanwhile 22 percent of cohabiting mothers said their relationship had worsened during the pandemic compared to 7 percent of married mothers. 与此同时，22%的同居母亲表示，她们与伴侣的关系在疫情期间恶化了，而在已婚母亲中这一比例为7%。 Mr Benson continued: 'Although stress levels in parental relationships have risen with so much uncertainty about jobs, money, and being unable to go out or socialise, lockdown appears to have affirmed the commitment of married couples. 本森先生继续说道：“尽管由于工作、金钱的不确定性，以及不能外出或社交，夫妻相处时压力大增，但封锁似乎坚定了已婚夫妻彼此间的承诺。” 'In short many seem to have found spending more time with the partner has been a positive experience.' “简而言之，许多人似乎发现与伴侣共度更多时光是一种积极的体验。” Sir Paul Coleridge, founder of the Marriage Foundation said: 'Covid has spawned a plethora of inaccurate predictions and a divorce explosion was just one such. 英国婚姻基金会的创始人保罗·科尔里奇爵士说：“新冠疫情导致了很多不准确的预测，‘离婚大爆炸’只是其中之一。” spawn[spɔːn]：v. 酿成，造成 a plethora of：大量的，过多的 'In fact, as with so many other areas of life under covid, the law of unintended consequences has ruled the day. “事实上，就像疫情之下的其他生活领域一样，非预期后果法则主导了今天的生活。” 'On the whole marriages have blossomed through lockdown, no doubt because of the extra TLC spouses have been able to invest in their relationships freed from the terrible pressures generated by having to spend a lot of the working week at, or travelling to and from work. “整体来看，婚姻关系确实通过‘封锁’得以改善，毫无疑问，这是因为人们从繁忙的工作和通勤导致的压力中解脱出来，有了额外的时间和精力为婚姻关系加码。” TLC：温暖的关怀；tender loving care的缩写（非正式） 'This is all of a piece with earlier Marriage Foundation research which showed clearly that couples who make extra investment in their marriages – eg via occasional date nights – benefit from a more enduring and satisfying relationship. “这些都与英国婚姻基金会之前的研究结果一致。此前的研究结果清楚地表明，那些在婚姻中进行额外投资的夫妇（比如偶尔有个约会之夜）会受益于更持久、更令人满意的婚姻关系。” all of a piece with：与……一致 'Unexpectedly this new finding has not impacted unmarried couples in the same way. “出乎意料的是，新的研究结论在未婚情侣群体中完全得不到验证。” 'When these relationships have been stress-tested by the covid lockdown the women especially have suffered. “当未婚情侣关系经过疫情封锁的压力测试时，女性受到的影响尤其大。” 'No doubt the absence of formal commitment has generated insecurity and ambiguity at a time when the need for complete unambiguous unity was essential.' “毫无疑问，在这个需要完全明确的团结一致的时刻，没有正式的承诺会让彼此缺乏安全感，变得犹豫不决”。 英文来源：每日邮报 翻译&编辑：yaning

Brooke Winters@brookeowinters/unsplash One in five of marriages in the UK have benefited from the national lockdown, research has revealed. A study carried out by the Marriage Foundation found 20 percent of married couples felt their relationship had strengthened while only nine percent said theirs had worsened during the pandemic. During their research, the national charity analysed data from 2,559 couples who had completed a questionnaire by the University of Essex for the UK Household Longitudinal Survey Coronavirus Study. They found twice as many marriages had improved during the coronavirus crisis while the proportion of couples considering divorce fell by two thirds from those seen before the pandemic in 2017- 2019. Harry Benson, the Marriage Foundation's Research Director and one of the report's authors said: 'Our study debunks claims that lockdown is leading to a divorce boom. 'The data strongly suggests the opposite – spending more time with your husband or wife has been beneficial for large numbers of the UK's 12.8 million married couples. 'These findings for UK marriages are further strengthened when set alongside a similar recent analysis of US marriages. 'Analysis of a national survey last week found half of married adults said their appreciation of their partner had increased and commitment had deepened. Researchers also found that 0.7 percent of married men and 2.2 percent of women were considering divorce - reflecting a decrease by two thirds compared to pre-Covid times. However research also showed lockdown has 'caused friction in some marriages', with more married men saying they were 'fairly' or 'extremely unhappy'. Meanwhile 22 percent of cohabiting mothers said their relationship had worsened during the pandemic compared to 7 percent of married mothers. Mr Benson continued: 'Although stress levels in parental relationships have risen with so much uncertainty about jobs, money, and being unable to go out or socialise, lockdown appears to have affirmed the commitment of married couples. 'In short many seem to have found spending more time with the partner has been a positive experience.' Sir Paul Coleridge, founder of the Marriage Foundation said: 'Covid has spawned a plethora of inaccurate predictions and a divorce explosion was just one such. 'In fact, as with so many other areas of life under covid, the law of unintended consequences has ruled the day. 'On the whole marriages have blossomed through lockdown, no doubt because of the extra TLC spouses have been able to invest in their relationships freed from the terrible pressures generated by having to spend a lot of the working week at, or travelling to and from work. 'This is all of a piece with earlier Marriage Foundation research which showed clearly that couples who make extra investment in their marriages – eg via occasional date nights – benefit from a more enduring and satisfying relationship. 'Unexpectedly this new finding has not impacted unmarried couples in the same way. 'When these relationships have been stress-tested by the covid lockdown the women especially have suffered. 'No doubt the absence of formal commitment has generated insecurity and ambiguity at a time when the need for complete unambiguous unity was essential.'

英国婚姻基金会最近开展的一项研究表明，英国五分之一夫妻关系在疫情封锁期间有所改善，打算离婚的夫妻比例减少了三分之二，这让“封锁导致离婚潮”的说法不攻自破。 一项研究表明，英国五分之一夫妻关系在疫情封锁期间有所改善。 英国婚姻基金会开展的这项研究发现，20%的已婚夫妇认为他们的关系得以改善，只有9%的人表示夫妻关系在疫情期间恶化了。 该全国性慈善机构在研究中分析了2559位夫妇的数据，他们都完成了埃塞克斯大学为英国新冠病毒研究家庭纵向调查所设计的调查问卷。 研究人员发现，相较于2017年到2019年而言，在新冠疫情危机期间，关系更好的夫妻比例增加了一倍，打算离婚的夫妻比例减少了三分之二。 英国婚姻基金会研究主任、报告的作者之一哈利·本森说：“我们的研究让‘封锁导致离婚潮’的说法不攻自破。” debunk [diːˈbʌŋk]：vt. 揭穿；暴露 “数据有力地表明，事实正好相反，对于英国1280万对夫妻中的大部分人来说，花更多时间和另一半相处益处良多。” “与最近对美国婚姻的类似分析结果相结合，上述有关英国婚姻的发现得到了进一步的证实。” “上周进行的一项全国性调查分析发现，半数已婚人士称，他们更加欣赏自己的伴侣，对伴侣的承诺也更坚定。” 研究人员还发现，0.7%的已婚男性和2.2%的已婚女性正在考虑离婚。与疫情前相比，考虑离婚的人数比例下降了三分之二。 然而，研究也显示，封锁“使一些夫妻之间产生了摩擦”，更多的已婚男性表示他们“相当”或“非常不快乐”。 与此同时，22%的同居母亲表示，她们与伴侣的关系在疫情期间恶化了，而在已婚母亲中这一比例为7%。 本森先生继续说道：“尽管由于工作、金钱的不确定性，以及不能外出或社交，夫妻相处时压力大增，但封锁似乎坚定了已婚夫妻彼此间的承诺。” “简而言之，许多人似乎发现与伴侣共度更多时光是一种积极的体验。” 英国婚姻基金会的创始人保罗·科尔里奇爵士说：“新冠疫情导致了很多不准确的预测，‘离婚大爆炸’只是其中之一。” spawn[spɔːn]：v. 酿成，造成 a plethora of：大量的，过多的 “事实上，就像疫情之下的其他生活领域一样，非预期后果法则主导了今天的生活。” “整体来看，婚姻关系确实通过‘封锁’得以改善，毫无疑问，这是因为人们从繁忙的工作和通勤导致的压力中解脱出来，有了额外的时间和精力为婚姻关系加码。” TLC：温暖的关怀；tender loving care的缩写（非正式） “这些都与英国婚姻基金会之前的研究结果一致。此前的研究结果清楚地表明，那些在婚姻中进行额外投资的夫妇（比如偶尔有个约会之夜）会受益于更持久、更令人满意的婚姻关系。” all of a piece with：与……一致 “出乎意料的是，新的研究结论在未婚情侣群体中完全得不到验证。” “当未婚情侣关系经过疫情封锁的压力测试时，女性受到的影响尤其大。” “毫无疑问，在这个需要完全明确的团结一致的时刻，没有正式的承诺会让彼此缺乏安全感，变得犹豫不决”。 英文来源：每日邮报 翻译&编辑：yaning

《科学美国人》月刊网站近日刊发文章盘点了2020年十大新兴技术。一个国际专家指导小组评选出今年的十大新兴技术。获得认可的技术必须有推动社会和经济进步的潜力，还需要有新意且可能会在未来三到五年内产生重大影响。 ThisisEngineering RAEng@thisisengineering/unsplash 1 Microneedles Could Enable Painless Injections and Blood Draws 微针可实现无痛注射和抽血 Barely visible needles, or “microneedles,” are poised to usher in an era of pain-free injections and blood testing. Whether attached to a syringe or a patch, microneedles prevent pain by avoiding contact with nerve endings. Typically 50 to 2,000 microns in length (about the depth of a sheet of paper) and one to 100 microns wide (about the width of human hair), they penetrate the dead, top layer of skin to reach into the epidermis. But most do not reach or only barely touch the underlying dermis, where the nerve endings lie. 几乎看不见的针头，即“微针”，将带来无痛注射和验血的时代。微针可连接注射器，也可连接贴片，它能避免与神经末梢接触，从而防止疼痛。微针一般长50微米至2000微米（大约相当于一张纸的厚度）、宽1微米至100微米（大约相当于人的头发粗细），它穿透细胞已死亡的皮肤最上层进入表皮。但大多数微针不会抵达或者只是稍稍接触到下面的真皮，也就是神经末梢所在的地方。 epidermis [ˌepɪˈdɜːmɪs]：n.上皮，表皮 dermis [ˈdɜːmɪs]：n.皮肤，真皮 2 Sun-Powered Chemistry Can Turn Carbon Dioxide into Common Materials 光催化将二氧化碳转化为普通材料 The manufacture of many chemicals important to human health and comfort consumes fossil fuels, thereby contributing to carbon dioxide emissions and climate change. A new approach employs sunlight to convert waste carbon dioxide into these needed chemicals. 许多对人类健康和舒适十分重要的化学品在生产时要消耗矿物燃料，从而会增加二氧化碳排放和加剧气候变化。一种新的方法是利用阳光将废弃二氧化碳转化成我们需要的这些化学物质。 This process is becoming increasingly feasible thanks to advances in sunlight-activated catalysts, or photocatalysts. In recent years investigators have developed photocatalysts that break the resistant double bond between carbon and oxygen in carbon dioxide. This is a critical first step in creating “solar” refineries that produce useful compounds from the waste gas—including “platform” molecules that can serve as raw materials for the synthesis of such varied products as medicines, detergents, fertilizers and textiles. 得益于光催化技术的进步，这个工艺越来越可行。近年来，研究人员开发出了能够还原二氧化碳中碳和氧的光催化剂。在此基础上就能创建“太阳能”提炼厂，用废气生产有用的化合物，包括可用于合成药物、洗涤剂、肥料和纺织品等多种产品的“平台”分子。 photocatalyst[,fəʊtəʊ'kætəlɪst]：n.光催化剂 3 Virtual Patients Could Revolutionize Medicine 虚拟患者能彻底改变医学 What if computers could replace patients as well? If virtual humans could have replaced real people in some stages of a coronavirus vaccine trial, for instance, it could have sped development of a preventive tool and slowed down the pandemic. These are some of the benefits of “in silico medicine,” or the testing of drugs and treatments on virtual organs or body systems to predict how a real person will respond to the therapies. For the foreseeable future, real patients will be needed in late-stage studies, but in silico trials will make it possible to conduct quick and inexpensive first assessments of safety and efficacy, drastically reducing the number of live human subjects required for experimentation. 如果电脑能替代患者，那会怎样？比方说，如果在新冠疫苗试验的某些阶段能用虚拟人替代真人，那可能就会加快预防手段的研发而减缓疫情蔓延。这就是“电脑模拟医学”的一些好处，即：用虚拟器官或人体系统来测试药物和治疗方法，进而推断真人对这些疗法的反应。在可预见的未来，后期研究会需要真人患者，但有了电脑模拟试验，科研人员将能够对药物和治疗方法的安全性和有效性进行速度快、成本低的初步评估，从而大大减少试验所需活体人类受试者的数量。 Alex Knight@agk42/unsplash 4 Spatial Computing Could Be the Next Big Thing 空间计算或是下一个大热门 Imagine Martha, an octogenarian who lives independently and uses a wheelchair. As Martha moves from her bedroom to the kitchen, the lights switch on, and the ambient temperature adjusts. The chair will slow if her cat crosses her path. If she begins to fall when getting into bed, her furniture shifts to protect her, and an alert goes to her son and the local monitoring station. 设想80多岁的玛莎独居且需要坐轮椅。玛莎从卧室到厨房时，照明灯开启，周围温度适当调整。如果猫猫从前面经过，轮椅会减速。如果她上床的时候有摔倒迹象，家具会迅速挪过来保护她，同时她的儿子和当地监测站将接到警报。 octogenarian [ˌɒktədʒəˈneəriən]：n.八十岁到八十九岁的人 The “spatial computing” at the heart of this scene is the next step in the ongoing convergence of the physical and digital worlds. It does everything virtual-reality and augmented-reality apps do: digitize objects that connect via the cloud; allow sensors and motors to react to one another; and digitally represent the real world. Then it combines these capabilities with high-fidelity spatial mapping to enable a computer “coordinator” to track and control the movements and interactions of objects as a person navigates through the digital or physical world. Spatial computing will soon bring human-machine and machine-machine interactions to new levels of efficiency in many walks of life, among them industry, health care, transportation and the home. 这一场景的核心就是“空间计算”，它是现实世界与数字世界正在融合的下一步方向。虚拟现实和增强现实应用软件能做的，它全都能做到：把云连接的物体数字化，让传感器和马达彼此呼应，以数字化方式呈现真实世界。然后，它将这些能力与高保真的空间测绘结合起来，使计算机“协调员”能够在一个人穿行于数字或现实世界时追踪和控制物体的移动和相互感应。空间计算很快将在各行各业把人机互动和机器互动提升到新的高度，包括在工业、医疗、交通和家居领域。 5 Digital Medicine Can Diagnose and Treat What Ails You 数字医疗可诊断和治疗一切病痛 A raft of apps in use or under development can now detect or monitor mental and physical disorders autonomously or directly administer therapies.Collectively known as digital medicines, the software can both enhance traditional medical care and support patients when access to health care is limited—a need that the COVID-19 crisis has exacerbated. 投入使用或正在开发的大量应用程序现在能够自主检查或监测身心疾病或直接给予治疗。这种软件被统称为数字医疗，它可以加强传统医疗，也可以在医疗服务受限的情况下给予患者支持——这在新冠肺炎危机背景下格外需要。 6 Electric Aviation Could Be Closer Than You Think 电动航空的到来可能早于预期 In 2019 air travel accounted for 2.5 percent of global carbon emissions, a number that could triple by 2050. While some airlines have started offsetting their contributions to atmospheric carbon, significant cutbacks are still needed. Electric airplanes could provide the scale of transformation required, and many companies are racing to develop them. Not only would electric propulsion motors eliminate direct carbon emissions, they could reduce fuel costs by up to 90 percent, maintenance by up to 50 percent and noise by nearly 70 percent. 2019年，航空旅行的碳排放占全球总量的2.5%，这一数字到2050年可能会达到2019年的三倍。虽然有些航空公司已开始为其大气层碳排放进行补偿，但更大力度的减排措施势在必行。电动飞机可提供所需的改造规模，多家公司正在竞相开发。电动推进的马达不仅能消灭直接的碳排放，还能使燃料成本降低高达90%、维护成本降低高达50%、噪音降低近70%。 offset [ˈɒfset]：n.抵消，补偿 atmospheric [ˌætməsˈferɪk]：adj.大气的，大气层的 veeterzy@veeterzy/unsplash 7 Low-Carbon Cement Can Help Combat Climate Change 低碳水泥可帮助应对气候变化 Concrete, the most widely used human-made material. The manufacture of one of its key components, cement, creates a substantial yet underappreciated amount of human-produced carbon dioxide: up to 8 percent of the global total, according to London-based think tank Chatham House. 混凝土是建筑业中使用最广泛的人造材料。据位于伦敦的智库英国皇家国际问题研究所说，其关键组成部分之一——水泥在生产中产生的二氧化碳数量惊人，占全球排放总量高达8%，但未得到充分重视。 In 2018 the Global Cement and Concrete Association, which represents about 30 percent of worldwide production, announced the industry's first Sustainability Guidelines, a set of key measurements such as emissions and water usage intended to track performance improvements and make them transparent. 2018年，代表全球产量约30%的全球水泥和混凝土协会宣布了该行业的首个可持续发展指导方针，这是一套设计碳排放和用水等领域的关键指标，旨在跟踪性能改善，并使其透明化。 8 Quantum Sensors Could Let Autonomous Cars ‘See’ around Corners 量子传感器让自动汽车“看清”弯道 Quantum computers get all the hype, but quantum sensors could be equally transformative, enabling autonomous vehicles that can “see” around corners, underwater navigation systems, early-warning systems for volcanic activity and earthquakes, and portable scanners that monitor a person's brain activity during daily life. 量子传感器与量子计算机一样具有变革性，可推动实现能“看清”弯道的自动驾驶汽车、水下导航系统、火山活动和地震预警系统，以及监测人的日常大脑活动的便携式扫描仪。 get all the hype：大肆宣传 Quantum sensors reach extreme levels of precision by exploiting the quantum nature of matter. Atomic clocks illustrate this principle. Other quantum sensors use atomic transitions to detect minuscule changes in motion and tiny differences in gravitational, electric and magnetic fields. 量子传感器利用物质的量子特性达到极高的精准度，原子钟就是一个例子。其他量子传感器则利用原子跃迁来探测动作的微小变化以及引力场、电场和磁场中的细微差异。 minuscule [ˈmɪnəskjuːl]：adj.极小的；微不足道的（非正式） 9 Green Hydrogen Could Fill Big Gaps in Renewable Energy 绿色氢可填补可再生能源的巨大空白 When hydrogen burns, the only by-product is water—which is why hydrogen has been an alluring zero-carbon energy source for decades. Yet the traditional process for producing hydrogen, in which fossil fuels are exposed to steam, is not even remotely zero-carbon. 氢燃烧的唯一副产品是水，这就是为什么氢几十年来一直是一种诱人的零碳能源来源。然而，传统的矿物燃料制氢法远远达不到零碳排放。 Green hydrogen is different. It is produced through electrolysis, in which machines split water into hydrogen and oxygen, with no other by-products. Historically, electrolysis required so much electricity that it made little sense to produce hydrogen that way. The situation is changing for two reasons. First, significant amounts of excess renewable electricity have become available at grid scale; the extra electricity can be used to drive the electrolysis of water, “storing” the electricity in the form of hydrogen. Second, electrolyzers are getting more efficient. 绿色氢有所不同，它是通过电解产生的，机器把水分解成氢和氧，没有其他副产品。从历史上看，电解需要的电力太多，用这种方式制氢根本不划算。但情况正在发生变化，原因有二。其一，如今有了大量富余的可再生能源电力，这些富余电力可以用来对水进行电解，把电力以氢的形式“储存”起来。其二，电解器的效率越来越高。 National Cancer Institute@nci/unsplash 10 Whole-Genome Synthesis Will Transform Cell Engineering 全基因组合成将彻底改变细胞工程学 Early in the COVID-19 pandemic, scientists in China uploaded the virus's genetic sequence to genetic databases. A Swiss group then synthesized the entire genome and produced the virus from it—essentially teleporting the virus into their laboratory for study without having to wait for physical samples. Such speed is one example of how whole-genome printing is advancing medicine and other endeavors. 新冠肺炎疫情初期，中国的科学家将新冠病毒的基因序列上传到了基因数据库。然后，瑞士的一个研究小组用它合成了完整的基因组、制造出这种病毒——基本上就能将病毒传送到实验室进行研究，而无需等待实物样本。这样的速度充分说明了全基因组打印技术对医学和其他工作的促进作用。 Whole-genome synthesis is an extension of the booming field of synthetic biology. Researchers use software to design genetic sequences that they produce and introduce into a microbe, thereby reprogramming the microbe to do desired work—such as making a new medicine. So far genomes mainly get light edits. But improvements in synthesis technology and software are making it possible to print ever larger swaths of genetic material and to alter genomes more extensively. 全基因组合成是蓬勃发展的合成生物学的延伸。研究人员用软件设计出基因序列，将其制造出来植入微生物，从而对这个微生物进行重新编程使之按照人的意愿发挥作用，比如形成一种新药。到目前为止，基因组只能接受轻微的编辑。但随着合成技术和软件的改进，打印链条更长的遗传物质、更广泛地改变基因组成为可能。 来源：科学美国人、参考消息网 编辑：yaning

ThisisEngineering RAEng@thisisengineering/unsplash 1 Microneedles Could Enable Painless Injections and Blood Draws Barely visible needles, or “microneedles,” are poised to usher in an era of pain-free injections and blood testing. Whether attached to a syringe or a patch, microneedles prevent pain by avoiding contact with nerve endings. Typically 50 to 2,000 microns in length (about the depth of a sheet of paper) and one to 100 microns wide (about the width of human hair), they penetrate the dead, top layer of skin to reach into the epidermis. But most do not reach or only barely touch the underlying dermis, where the nerve endings lie. 2 Sun-Powered Chemistry Can Turn Carbon Dioxide into Common Materials The manufacture of many chemicals important to human health and comfort consumes fossil fuels, thereby contributing to carbon dioxide emissions and climate change. A new approach employs sunlight to convert waste carbon dioxide into these needed chemicals. This process is becoming increasingly feasible thanks to advances in sunlight-activated catalysts, or photocatalysts. In recent years investigators have developed photocatalysts that break the resistant double bond between carbon and oxygen in carbon dioxide. This is a critical first step in creating “solar” refineries that produce useful compounds from the waste gas—including “platform” molecules that can serve as raw materials for the synthesis of such varied products as medicines, detergents, fertilizers and textiles. 3 Virtual Patients Could Revolutionize Medicine What if computers could replace patients as well? If virtual humans could have replaced real people in some stages of a coronavirus vaccine trial, for instance, it could have sped development of a preventive tool and slowed down the pandemic. These are some of the benefits of “in silico medicine,” or the testing of drugs and treatments on virtual organs or body systems to predict how a real person will respond to the therapies. For the foreseeable future, real patients will be needed in late-stage studies, but in silico trials will make it possible to conduct quick and inexpensive first assessments of safety and efficacy, drastically reducing the number of live human subjects required for experimentation. Alex Knight@agk42/unsplash 4 Spatial Computing Could Be the Next Big Thing Imagine Martha, an octogenarian who lives independently and uses a wheelchair. As Martha moves from her bedroom to the kitchen, the lights switch on, and the ambient temperature adjusts. The chair will slow if her cat crosses her path. If she begins to fall when getting into bed, her furniture shifts to protect her, and an alert goes to her son and the local monitoring station. The “spatial computing” at the heart of this scene is the next step in the ongoing convergence of the physical and digital worlds. It does everything virtual-reality and augmented-reality apps do: digitize objects that connect via the cloud; allow sensors and motors to react to one another; and digitally represent the real world. Then it combines these capabilities with high-fidelity spatial mapping to enable a computer “coordinator” to track and control the movements and interactions of objects as a person navigates through the digital or physical world. Spatial computing will soon bring human-machine and machine-machine interactions to new levels of efficiency in many walks of life, among them industry, health care, transportation and the home. 5 Digital Medicine Can Diagnose and Treat What Ails You A raft of apps in use or under development can now detect or monitor mental and physical disorders autonomously or directly administer therapies.Collectively known as digital medicines, the software can both enhance traditional medical care and support patients when access to health care is limited—a need that the COVID-19 crisis has exacerbated. 6 Electric Aviation Could Be Closer Than You Think In 2019 air travel accounted for 2.5 percent of global carbon emissions, a number that could triple by 2050. While some airlines have started offsetting their contributions to atmospheric carbon, significant cutbacks are still needed. Electric airplanes could provide the scale of transformation required, and many companies are racing to develop them. Not only would electric propulsion motors eliminate direct carbon emissions, they could reduce fuel costs by up to 90 percent, maintenance by up to 50 percent and noise by nearly 70 percent. veeterzy@veeterzy/unsplash 7 Low-Carbon Cement Can Help Combat Climate Change Concrete, the most widely used human-made material. The manufacture of one of its key components, cement, creates a substantial yet underappreciated amount of human-produced carbon dioxide: up to 8 percent of the global total, according to London-based think tank Chatham House. In 2018 the Global Cement and Concrete Association, which represents about 30 percent of worldwide production, announced the industry's first Sustainability Guidelines, a set of key measurements such as emissions and water usage intended to track performance improvements and make them transparent. 8 Quantum Sensors Could Let Autonomous Cars ‘See’ around Corners Quantum computers get all the hype, but quantum sensors could be equally transformative, enabling autonomous vehicles that can “see” around corners, underwater navigation systems, early-warning systems for volcanic activity and earthquakes, and portable scanners that monitor a person's brain activity during daily life. Quantum sensors reach extreme levels of precision by exploiting the quantum nature of matter. Atomic clocks illustrate this principle. Other quantum sensors use atomic transitions to detect minuscule changes in motion and tiny differences in gravitational, electric and magnetic fields. 9 Green Hydrogen Could Fill Big Gaps in Renewable Energy When hydrogen burns, the only by-product is water—which is why hydrogen has been an alluring zero-carbon energy source for decades. Yet the traditional process for producing hydrogen, in which fossil fuels are exposed to steam, is not even remotely zero-carbon. Green hydrogen is different. It is produced through electrolysis, in which machines split water into hydrogen and oxygen, with no other by-products. Historically, electrolysis required so much electricity that it made little sense to produce hydrogen that way. The situation is changing for two reasons. First, significant amounts of excess renewable electricity have become available at grid scale; the extra electricity can be used to drive the electrolysis of water, “storing” the electricity in the form of hydrogen. Second, electrolyzers are getting more efficient. National Cancer Institute@nci/unsplash 10 Whole-Genome Synthesis Will Transform Cell Engineering Early in the COVID-19 pandemic, scientists in China uploaded the virus's genetic sequence to genetic databases. A Swiss group then synthesized the entire genome and produced the virus from it—essentially teleporting the virus into their laboratory for study without having to wait for physical samples. Such speed is one example of how whole-genome printing is advancing medicine and other endeavors. Whole-genome synthesis is an extension of the booming field of synthetic biology. Researchers use software to design genetic sequences that they produce and introduce into a microbe, thereby reprogramming the microbe to do desired work—such as making a new medicine. So far genomes mainly get light edits. But improvements in synthesis technology and software are making it possible to print ever larger swaths of genetic material and to alter genomes more extensively.

《科学美国人》月刊网站近日刊发文章盘点了2020年十大新兴技术。一个国际专家指导小组评选出今年的十大新兴技术。获得认可的技术必须有推动社会和经济进步的潜力，还需要有新意且可能会在未来三到五年内产生重大影响。 微针可实现无痛注射和抽血 几乎看不见的针头，即“微针”，将带来无痛注射和验血的时代。微针可连接注射器，也可连接贴片，它能避免与神经末梢接触，从而防止疼痛。微针一般长50微米至2000微米（大约相当于一张纸的厚度）、宽1微米至100微米（大约相当于人的头发粗细），它穿透细胞已死亡的皮肤最上层进入表皮。但大多数微针不会抵达或者只是稍稍接触到下面的真皮，也就是神经末梢所在的地方。 epidermis [ˌepɪˈdɜːmɪs]：n.上皮，表皮 dermis [ˈdɜːmɪs]：n.皮肤，真皮 光催化将二氧化碳转化为普通材料 许多对人类健康和舒适十分重要的化学品在生产时要消耗矿物燃料，从而会增加二氧化碳排放和加剧气候变化。一种新的方法是利用阳光将废弃二氧化碳转化成我们需要的这些化学物质。 得益于光催化技术的进步，这个工艺越来越可行。近年来，研究人员开发出了能够还原二氧化碳中碳和氧的光催化剂。在此基础上就能创建“太阳能”提炼厂，用废气生产有用的化合物，包括可用于合成药物、洗涤剂、肥料和纺织品等多种产品的“平台”分子。 photocatalyst[,fəʊtəʊ'kætəlɪst]：n.光催化剂 虚拟患者能彻底改变医学 如果电脑能替代患者，那会怎样？比方说，如果在新冠疫苗试验的某些阶段能用虚拟人替代真人，那可能就会加快预防手段的研发而减缓疫情蔓延。这就是“电脑模拟医学”的一些好处，即：用虚拟器官或人体系统来测试药物和治疗方法，进而推断真人对这些疗法的反应。在可预见的未来，后期研究会需要真人患者，但有了电脑模拟试验，科研人员将能够对药物和治疗方法的安全性和有效性进行速度快、成本低的初步评估，从而大大减少试验所需活体人类受试者的数量。 空间计算或是下一个大热门 设想80多岁的玛莎独居且需要坐轮椅。玛莎从卧室到厨房时，照明灯开启，周围温度适当调整。如果猫猫从前面经过，轮椅会减速。如果她上床的时候有摔倒迹象，家具会迅速挪过来保护她，同时她的儿子和当地监测站将接到警报。 octogenarian [ˌɒktədʒəˈneəriən]：n.八十岁到八十九岁的人 这一场景的核心就是“空间计算”，它是现实世界与数字世界正在融合的下一步方向。虚拟现实和增强现实应用软件能做的，它全都能做到：把云连接的物体数字化，让传感器和马达彼此呼应，以数字化方式呈现真实世界。然后，它将这些能力与高保真的空间测绘结合起来，使计算机“协调员”能够在一个人穿行于数字或现实世界时追踪和控制物体的移动和相互感应。空间计算很快将在各行各业把人机互动和机器互动提升到新的高度，包括在工业、医疗、交通和家居领域。 数字医疗可诊断和治疗一切病痛 投入使用或正在开发的大量应用程序现在能够自主检查或监测身心疾病或直接给予治疗。这种软件被统称为数字医疗，它可以加强传统医疗，也可以在医疗服务受限的情况下给予患者支持——这在新冠肺炎危机背景下格外需要。 电动航空的到来可能早于预期 2019年，航空旅行的碳排放占全球总量的2.5%，这一数字到2050年可能会达到2019年的三倍。虽然有些航空公司已开始为其大气层碳排放进行补偿，但更大力度的减排措施势在必行。电动飞机可提供所需的改造规模，多家公司正在竞相开发。电动推进的马达不仅能消灭直接的碳排放，还能使燃料成本降低高达90%、维护成本降低高达50%、噪音降低近70%。 offset [ˈɒfset]：n.抵消，补偿 atmospheric [ˌætməsˈferɪk]：adj.大气的，大气层的 低碳水泥可帮助应对气候变化 混凝土是建筑业中使用最广泛的人造材料。据位于伦敦的智库英国皇家国际问题研究所说，其关键组成部分之一——水泥在生产中产生的二氧化碳数量惊人，占全球排放总量高达8%，但未得到充分重视。 2018年，代表全球产量约30%的全球水泥和混凝土协会宣布了该行业的首个可持续发展指导方针，这是一套设计碳排放和用水等领域的关键指标，旨在跟踪性能改善，并使其透明化。 量子传感器让自动汽车“看清”弯道 量子传感器与量子计算机一样具有变革性，可推动实现能“看清”弯道的自动驾驶汽车、水下导航系统、火山活动和地震预警系统，以及监测人的日常大脑活动的便携式扫描仪。 get all the hype：大肆宣传 量子传感器利用物质的量子特性达到极高的精准度，原子钟就是一个例子。其他量子传感器则利用原子跃迁来探测动作的微小变化以及引力场、电场和磁场中的细微差异。 minuscule [ˈmɪnəskjuːl]：adj.极小的；微不足道的（非正式） 绿色氢可填补可再生能源的巨大空白 氢燃烧的唯一副产品是水，这就是为什么氢几十年来一直是一种诱人的零碳能源来源。然而，传统的矿物燃料制氢法远远达不到零碳排放。 绿色氢有所不同，它是通过电解产生的，机器把水分解成氢和氧，没有其他副产品。从历史上看，电解需要的电力太多，用这种方式制氢根本不划算。但情况正在发生变化，原因有二。其一，如今有了大量富余的可再生能源电力，这些富余电力可以用来对水进行电解，把电力以氢的形式“储存”起来。其二，电解器的效率越来越高。 全基因组合成将彻底改变细胞工程学 新冠肺炎疫情初期，中国的科学家将新冠病毒的基因序列上传到了基因数据库。然后，瑞士的一个研究小组用它合成了完整的基因组、制造出这种病毒——基本上就能将病毒传送到实验室进行研究，而无需等待实物样本。这样的速度充分说明了全基因组打印技术对医学和其他工作的促进作用。 全基因组合成是蓬勃发展的合成生物学的延伸。研究人员用软件设计出基因序列，将其制造出来植入微生物，从而对这个微生物进行重新编程使之按照人的意愿发挥作用，比如形成一种新药。到目前为止，基因组只能接受轻微的编辑。但随着合成技术和软件的改进，打印链条更长的遗传物质、更广泛地改变基因组成为可能。 来源：科学美国人、参考消息网 编辑：yaning

作者：王逢鑫 Photo by Chris Yang on Unsplash “匿名”这个词使用越来越广泛。与“实名”的意思相反，“匿名”的意思是“不署名或不署真实姓名，以隐瞒真实姓名或身份”。英语形容词anonymous、副词anonymously、名词anonymity 都有“匿名”的意思。例如： 1. You can remain anonymous if you wish. 如果你愿意，可以不透露姓名。 2. These photographs were sent anonymously to the magazine’s headquarters. 这些照片以匿名方式被送到了该杂志的总部。 3. The expert thinks that there is no way to truly rid the Internet of anonymity. 这位专家认为，没有办法可以真正使互联网摆脱匿名的特点。 人们为了不同的目的而“匿名”， 或出于善意，或出于恶意。anonymous等词在不同语境中既有褒义，也有贬义。 anonymous的第一个含义是表示当事者在投票、评审和调查等活动中维护公平原则，即 for the sake of fairness。例如： 4. Five professors made anonymous assessment of the PhD candidate’s dissertation. 五位教授匿名评审了这名博士生的学位论文。 anonymous的第二个含义是表示当事者帮助人做好事不留名，即for the sake of benefit。例如： 5. Thanks to an anonymous donor, the school for children of migrant workers was able to purchase some blackboards, a table-tennis table and a computer. 多亏了一位匿名捐赠者，这个打工子弟学校才能购买一些黑板、一张乒乓球桌和一台电脑。 anonymous的第三个含义是表示当事者为了自身安全而做事（如举报）不留名，即for the sake of safety。例如： 6. The drug dealer was arrested by the police after an anonymous tip-off. 有人匿名举报后，这个毒品贩子被警方逮捕。 anonymous的第四个含义是表示当事者不愿暴露或不便透露姓名或身份，即due to reluctance。例如： 7. The money was donated to the orphan by a local businessman who wished to remain anonymous. 这笔钱是一位不希望透露姓名的本地商人捐给这个孤儿的。 anonymous的第五个含义是表示对当事者的情况不了解，即 due to ignorance。例如： 8. On the morning of his birthday, the young man received an anonymous gift. 生日那天早晨，这个年青人收到一份匿名的礼物。 unnamed或unknown也有“匿名”的含义。 unnamed的意思是“未提及名字的”。例如： 9. The reporter had an interview with an unnamed official. 这位记者采访了一位不愿透露姓名的官员。 unknown的意思是“不知姓名的”。例如： 10. The visiting president laid a wreath at the monument to the unknown hero. 这位来访的总统向无名英雄纪念碑敬献了花圈。 “匿名”也可以用 to ask not to be named（要求不透露姓名），not to want to be named（不想透露姓名），to decline to name sb（拒绝点出名字），to decline to be named（拒绝透露姓名），to decline to be identified（拒绝暴露身份）等方法表示。 本文转自 《英语世界》官网

Photo by Chris Yang on Unsplash 1. You can remain anonymous if you wish. 2. These photographs were sent anonymously to the magazine’s headquarters. 3. The expert thinks that there is no way to truly rid the Internet of anonymity. 4. Five professors made anonymous assessment of the PhD candidate’s dissertation. 5. Thanks to an anonymous donor, the school for children of migrant workers was able to purchase some blackboards, a table-tennis table and a computer. 6. The drug dealer was arrested by the police after an anonymous tip-off. 7. The money was donated to the orphan by a local businessman who wished to remain anonymous. 8. On the morning of his birthday, the young man received an anonymous gift. 9. The reporter had an interview with an unnamed official. 10. The visiting president laid a wreath at the monument to the unknown hero.

作者：王逢鑫 “匿名”这个词使用越来越广泛。与“实名”的意思相反，“匿名”的意思是“不署名或不署真实姓名，以隐瞒真实姓名或身份”。英语形容词anonymous、副词anonymously、名词anonymity 都有“匿名”的意思。例如： 如果你愿意，可以不透露姓名。 这些照片以匿名方式被送到了该杂志的总部。 这位专家认为，没有办法可以真正使互联网摆脱匿名的特点。 人们为了不同的目的而“匿名”， 或出于善意，或出于恶意。anonymous等词在不同语境中既有褒义，也有贬义。 anonymous的第一个含义是表示当事者在投票、评审和调查等活动中维护公平原则，即 for the sake of fairness。例如： 五位教授匿名评审了这名博士生的学位论文。 anonymous的第二个含义是表示当事者帮助人做好事不留名，即for the sake of benefit。例如： 多亏了一位匿名捐赠者，这个打工子弟学校才能购买一些黑板、一张乒乓球桌和一台电脑。 anonymous的第三个含义是表示当事者为了自身安全而做事（如举报）不留名，即for the sake of safety。例如： 有人匿名举报后，这个毒品贩子被警方逮捕。 anonymous的第四个含义是表示当事者不愿暴露或不便透露姓名或身份，即due to reluctance。例如： 这笔钱是一位不希望透露姓名的本地商人捐给这个孤儿的。 anonymous的第五个含义是表示对当事者的情况不了解，即 due to ignorance。例如： 生日那天早晨，这个年青人收到一份匿名的礼物。 unnamed或unknown也有“匿名”的含义。 unnamed的意思是“未提及名字的”。例如： 这位记者采访了一位不愿透露姓名的官员。 unknown的意思是“不知姓名的”。例如： 这位来访的总统向无名英雄纪念碑敬献了花圈。 “匿名”也可以用 to ask not to be named（要求不透露姓名），not to want to be named（不想透露姓名），to decline to name sb（拒绝点出名字），to decline to be named（拒绝透露姓名），to decline to be identified（拒绝暴露身份）等方法表示。 本文转自 《英语世界》官网

最近接二连三包揽热搜的“凡尔赛文学”（Versailles literature），到底是个啥？ 我们来看一下经典案例： 随着越来越多的人想着法子360度包装自己“富有”的人设，外网上甚至还能看到“ 15招教你鉴别山寨富豪 ”，比如说： They care more about the brand perception than the quality. 比起质量更看重品牌的辨识度。 All they talk about is money. 整天讨论的不是钱就是钱。 They brag about their plans. 画大饼能力一绝。 They like to use complicated titles for their job position. 对于自己的职业，总喜欢用很复杂的头衔。 举例： -What do you do Jessica? 杰西卡你是做什么工作的？ -I’m a D.F.I. for the Marriott Hotel Chain. 哦，我是万豪连锁酒店的DFI。 -Cool, what do you do there? 好酷！所以你平时都做什么？ -Well… uhhhmmm... D.F.I stands for Director of First Impressions… so I welcome people in... 额，DFI就是“第一印象总监”，欢迎大家来到我们酒店。 -Ohhh... so you’re a receptionist! That’s ok! 哦！所以你是个前台！没毛病。 其实，比起浮夸炫富，追求有品质的生活，并且更好地提升自己，才是值得努力的方向，MoneyPPL就简单地总结了“如何看起来很有钱？做好这30点就成功了一半”，其中一些观点也许可以借鉴： ► Wear More Black 多穿黑色衣服 ► Good Hygiene 讲究个人卫生 ► Get Your Hair Styled 发型要靓 ► Buy a Few Fine Leather Goods 买一些不错的皮革单品 ► Tailor Your Clothes 衣着剪裁合体 ► Wear High-Quality Fabrics 衣服的面料看起来要高级 ► A Stylish Watch 一只有型的表 ► Wear Tasteful Jewelry 佩戴品味独特的珠宝首饰 ► Get Serious About Skincare 皮肤护理一定不能马虎 ►Become More Cultured 用学识武装自己 ► Fix Your Teeth 整整牙 ► Have an Amazing Life Partner 有一位很棒的人生伴侣 ► Keep Yourself Informed About the News 时事新闻百事通 ► A Nice Coat 一件不错的大衣 ► Apply Your Makeup Like a Pro 化妆要专业 ► Find a Signature Cologne or Perfume 找到一款标志性的古龙水或者香水 ► A Nice Pair of Sunglasses 一副很酷的墨镜 ► Mix Expensive and Cheap Items Together 昂贵和平价的单品同时出现在身上 ► Have At Least One Pair of Leather Shoes 至少拥有一双皮鞋 ► Wear a Stylish Scarf 佩戴有型的围巾 ► Wear Weather-Appropriate Clothing 应季穿搭 ► Achieve Something Great 某项领域的专精 ► Have a Clutter-Free Home 一个井井有条的家 ► Love Yourself 爱自己 而就像凡尔赛文学豆瓣小组中组长说的那样，努力生活，创造美好生活，才应该是我们每一个人应该关注的： “如果能让凡尔赛们意识到自己价值取向中的问题，把注意力转移到美好生活的实质上，而不是刻意营造一种虚伪的、代理的自我感觉良好以及把大部分精力放在社交散发上，未尝不是一件好事。” （来源：沪江英语）

They care more about the brand perception than the quality. All they talk about is money. They brag about their plans. They like to use complicated titles for their job position. -What do you do Jessica? -I’m a D.F.I. for the Marriott Hotel Chain. -Cool, what do you do there? -Well… uhhhmmm... D.F.I stands for Director of First Impressions… so I welcome people in... -Ohhh... so you’re a receptionist! That’s ok!

最近接二连三包揽热搜的“凡尔赛文学”（Versailles literature），到底是个啥？ 我们来看一下经典案例： 随着越来越多的人想着法子360度包装自己“富有”的人设，外网上甚至还能看到“ 15招教你鉴别山寨富豪 ”，比如说： 比起质量更看重品牌的辨识度。 整天讨论的不是钱就是钱。 画大饼能力一绝。 对于自己的职业，总喜欢用很复杂的头衔。 举例： 杰西卡你是做什么工作的？ 哦，我是万豪连锁酒店的DFI。 好酷！所以你平时都做什么？ 额，DFI就是“第一印象总监”，欢迎大家来到我们酒店。 哦！所以你是个前台！没毛病。 其实，比起浮夸炫富，追求有品质的生活，并且更好地提升自己，才是值得努力的方向，MoneyPPL就简单地总结了“如何看起来很有钱？做好这30点就成功了一半”，其中一些观点也许可以借鉴： ► Wear More Black 多穿黑色衣服 ► Good Hygiene 讲究个人卫生 ► Get Your Hair Styled 发型要靓 ► Buy a Few Fine Leather Goods 买一些不错的皮革单品 ► Tailor Your Clothes 衣着剪裁合体 ► Wear High-Quality Fabrics 衣服的面料看起来要高级 ► A Stylish Watch 一只有型的表 ► Wear Tasteful Jewelry 佩戴品味独特的珠宝首饰 ► Get Serious About Skincare 皮肤护理一定不能马虎 ►Become More Cultured 用学识武装自己 ► Fix Your Teeth 整整牙 ► Have an Amazing Life Partner 有一位很棒的人生伴侣 ► Keep Yourself Informed About the News 时事新闻百事通 ► A Nice Coat 一件不错的大衣 ► Apply Your Makeup Like a Pro 化妆要专业 ► Find a Signature Cologne or Perfume 找到一款标志性的古龙水或者香水 ► A Nice Pair of Sunglasses 一副很酷的墨镜 ► Mix Expensive and Cheap Items Together 昂贵和平价的单品同时出现在身上 ► Have At Least One Pair of Leather Shoes 至少拥有一双皮鞋 ► Wear a Stylish Scarf 佩戴有型的围巾 ► Wear Weather-Appropriate Clothing 应季穿搭 ► Achieve Something Great 某项领域的专精 ► Have a Clutter-Free Home 一个井井有条的家 ► Love Yourself 爱自己 而就像凡尔赛文学豆瓣小组中组长说的那样，努力生活，创造美好生活，才应该是我们每一个人应该关注的： “如果能让凡尔赛们意识到自己价值取向中的问题，把注意力转移到美好生活的实质上，而不是刻意营造一种虚伪的、代理的自我感觉良好以及把大部分精力放在社交散发上，未尝不是一件好事。” （来源：沪江英语）

佳士得正在举行一场在线拍卖会，展售2400张美国宇航局的罕见照片，其中包括宇航员阿姆斯特朗与竖立于月球表面的美国国旗一起入镜、奥尔德林以地球弧线为背景的史上第一张太空自拍照等珍贵影像。 The only photograph of Neil Armstrong on the moon, taken in 1969. Credit: Buzz Aldrin/Christie's Neil Armstrong on the moon next to an American flag. Laika the dog sitting in a space capsule, shortly before becoming the first animal to orbit the Earth. Buzz Aldrin taking a selfie, our planet a blue curve behind him, in the first-ever self portrait produced in space. 尼尔·阿姆斯特朗在月球上与美国国旗的合影。第一只绕地球飞行的太空狗莱卡发射前坐在太空舱中的照片。巴兹·奥尔德林以蓝色地球弧线为背景的史上第一张太空自拍照。 These are just three of the 2,400 rare NASA photos now up for sale in an online auction hosted by the Christie's. The images capture "the golden age of space exploration," the auction house said in a press release. 这些只是佳士得主办的在线拍卖会上展售的2400张美国宇航局罕见照片的其中三张。佳士得在新闻稿中指出，这套照片集涵盖了“太空探索的黄金时期”。 The "Blue Marble," the first fully illuminated photo of Earth taken by a human, in 1972. Credit: Harrison Schmitt/Christie's The collection of original photographs spans a number of historic missions, from the Mercury and Gemini spaceflight programs to the Apollo moon missions. Some of the images are now iconic, like the "Blue Marble" picture taken by the crew of the Apollo 17 -- the first fully illuminated photo of Earth taken by a human in space. 这套原始照片集囊括水星计划、双子星计划以及阿波罗登月计划等一系列历史性任务，比如，阿波罗17号任务中，宇航员拍到的“蓝色弹珠”照片，现在都极具代表性意义。“蓝色弹珠”是宇航员首度拍到整个地球完全被照亮的照片。 Others, however, were not released by NASA at the time they were taken, and are new to the general public. 不过，其他照片被拍下时美国宇航局没有发布出来，所以公众还是初次看到。 The most expensive item on offer is the only photo showing Armstrong on the Moon, taken by Aldrin during the Apollo 11 mission in 1969. It's estimated to be worth between £30,000 and £50,000, according to the auction house. 拍卖会上最昂贵的拍品是1969年阿波罗11号任务期间，宇航员奥尔德林拍下的唯一一张阿姆斯特朗在月球上的照片。据佳士得估计，这张照片价格应在3万至5万英镑（约合人民币26万至44万元）之间。 The first self-portrait in space, taken by Buzz Aldrin in 1966. Credit: Buzz Aldrin/Christie's Other high-value images include "Blue Marble," which is estimated to sell for up to £25,000, and a photo of the first "Earthrise" seen by humans in space, dated 1968 and worth up to £30,000. 其他高价照片中，“蓝色弹珠”估价高达2.5万英镑，人类上太空后首度目睹“地出”的1968年照片估价也高达3万英镑。 Crescent Earth rising beyond the Moon's barren horizon, taken in 1971. Credit: Alfred Worden/Christie's The astronauts were instructed on how to take photos in space by NASA, alongside specialists from the likes of Kodak and National Geographic. 当时除美国宇航局外，柯达与国家地理等公司机构也都派出专家，指导宇航员如何在太空拍照。 "Through their cameras, the astronauts-turned-artists were able to convey to mankind the beauty and profundity of their experience into space, forever changing the way we see ourselves and our place in the universe," said the release. 新闻稿称：“变身艺术家的宇航员通过相机将他们在太空体验到的美与深度传达给人们，永远改变了我们看待自己与我们在宇宙中地位的方式”。 First US Spacewalk, Ed White's EVA over Texas, June 3-7, 1965. Credit: James McDivitt/Christie's For decades, the unreleased photos were kept in the archives of the Manned Spacecraft Center in Houston, Texas, and could only be accessed by accredited researchers. The items, assembled over the course of 15 years by private collector Victor Martin-Malburet, have been exhibited in museums around the world including the Grand Palais in Paris and the Kunsthaus in Zurich. 几十年来，这些未被公开的照片一直保存在得克萨斯州休斯敦载人航天中心档案室，只限官方认可的研究人员才能观看。这些照片由收藏家维克多·马丁-马尔雷特耗费15年的时间搜罗，曾在世界各地博物馆展出，包括巴黎大皇宫和苏黎世美术馆。 The online sale, named "Voyage To Another World: The Victor Martin-Malburet Photograph Collection," runs through November 19. 这场名为“前往另一个世界的航行：维克多·马丁-马尔雷特照片收藏集”的在线拍卖会将持续到11月19日。 英文来源：美国有线电视新闻网 翻译&编辑：丹妮

The only photograph of Neil Armstrong on the moon, taken in 1969. Credit: Buzz Aldrin/Christie's Neil Armstrong on the moon next to an American flag. Laika the dog sitting in a space capsule, shortly before becoming the first animal to orbit the Earth. Buzz Aldrin taking a selfie, our planet a blue curve behind him, in the first-ever self portrait produced in space. These are just three of the 2,400 rare NASA photos now up for sale in an online auction hosted by the Christie's. The images capture "the golden age of space exploration," the auction house said in a press release. The "Blue Marble," the first fully illuminated photo of Earth taken by a human, in 1972. Credit: Harrison Schmitt/Christie's The collection of original photographs spans a number of historic missions, from the Mercury and Gemini spaceflight programs to the Apollo moon missions. Some of the images are now iconic, like the "Blue Marble" picture taken by the crew of the Apollo 17 -- the first fully illuminated photo of Earth taken by a human in space. Others, however, were not released by NASA at the time they were taken, and are new to the general public. The most expensive item on offer is the only photo showing Armstrong on the Moon, taken by Aldrin during the Apollo 11 mission in 1969. It's estimated to be worth between £30,000 and £50,000, according to the auction house. The first self-portrait in space, taken by Buzz Aldrin in 1966. Credit: Buzz Aldrin/Christie's Other high-value images include "Blue Marble," which is estimated to sell for up to £25,000, and a photo of the first "Earthrise" seen by humans in space, dated 1968 and worth up to £30,000. Crescent Earth rising beyond the Moon's barren horizon, taken in 1971. Credit: Alfred Worden/Christie's The astronauts were instructed on how to take photos in space by NASA, alongside specialists from the likes of Kodak and National Geographic. "Through their cameras, the astronauts-turned-artists were able to convey to mankind the beauty and profundity of their experience into space, forever changing the way we see ourselves and our place in the universe," said the release. First US Spacewalk, Ed White's EVA over Texas, June 3-7, 1965. Credit: James McDivitt/Christie's For decades, the unreleased photos were kept in the archives of the Manned Spacecraft Center in Houston, Texas, and could only be accessed by accredited researchers. The items, assembled over the course of 15 years by private collector Victor Martin-Malburet, have been exhibited in museums around the world including the Grand Palais in Paris and the Kunsthaus in Zurich. The online sale, named "Voyage To Another World: The Victor Martin-Malburet Photograph Collection," runs through November 19.

佳士得正在举行一场在线拍卖会，展售2400张美国宇航局的罕见照片，其中包括宇航员阿姆斯特朗与竖立于月球表面的美国国旗一起入镜、奥尔德林以地球弧线为背景的史上第一张太空自拍照等珍贵影像。 尼尔·阿姆斯特朗在月球上与美国国旗的合影。第一只绕地球飞行的太空狗莱卡发射前坐在太空舱中的照片。巴兹·奥尔德林以蓝色地球弧线为背景的史上第一张太空自拍照。 这些只是佳士得主办的在线拍卖会上展售的2400张美国宇航局罕见照片的其中三张。佳士得在新闻稿中指出，这套照片集涵盖了“太空探索的黄金时期”。 这套原始照片集囊括水星计划、双子星计划以及阿波罗登月计划等一系列历史性任务，比如，阿波罗17号任务中，宇航员拍到的“蓝色弹珠”照片，现在都极具代表性意义。“蓝色弹珠”是宇航员首度拍到整个地球完全被照亮的照片。 不过，其他照片被拍下时美国宇航局没有发布出来，所以公众还是初次看到。 拍卖会上最昂贵的拍品是1969年阿波罗11号任务期间，宇航员奥尔德林拍下的唯一一张阿姆斯特朗在月球上的照片。据佳士得估计，这张照片价格应在3万至5万英镑（约合人民币26万至44万元）之间。 其他高价照片中，“蓝色弹珠”估价高达2.5万英镑，人类上太空后首度目睹“地出”的1968年照片估价也高达3万英镑。 当时除美国宇航局外，柯达与国家地理等公司机构也都派出专家，指导宇航员如何在太空拍照。 新闻稿称：“变身艺术家的宇航员通过相机将他们在太空体验到的美与深度传达给人们，永远改变了我们看待自己与我们在宇宙中地位的方式”。 几十年来，这些未被公开的照片一直保存在得克萨斯州休斯敦载人航天中心档案室，只限官方认可的研究人员才能观看。这些照片由收藏家维克多·马丁-马尔雷特耗费15年的时间搜罗，曾在世界各地博物馆展出，包括巴黎大皇宫和苏黎世美术馆。 这场名为“前往另一个世界的航行：维克多·马丁-马尔雷特照片收藏集”的在线拍卖会将持续到11月19日。 英文来源：美国有线电视新闻网 翻译&编辑：丹妮

《柯林斯词典》宣布“封锁”（lockdown）一词成为2020年度词汇。同时入选年度十大词汇的还有冠状病毒、社交隔离、强制休假、梅根脱离王室、吃播等。 Photo from Pexels Lockdown, the noun that has come to define so many lives across the world in 2020, has been named word of the year by Collins Dictionary. 2020年改变了太多人生活的“封锁”被选为《柯林斯词典》的年度词汇。 Lockdown is defined by Collins as “the imposition of stringent restrictions on travel, social interaction, and access to public spaces”, and its usage has boomed over the last year. The 4.5bn-word Collins Corpus, which contains written material from websites, books and newspapers, as well as spoken material from radio, television and conversations, registered a 6,000% increase in its usage. In 2019, there were 4,000 recorded instances of lockdown being used. In 2020, this had soared to more than a quarter of a million. 《柯林斯词典》将“封锁”定义为“对旅行、社交互动和公共空间出入实施严格限制”，该词的使用量在过去一年间飙升。拥有45亿个词的柯林斯语料库的记录显示，“封锁”的使用量增加了6000%。柯林斯语料库的素材来自网站、书籍、报纸等书面材料以及广播、电视和谈话的口语材料。2019年，语料库记载了4000个使用“封锁”的例子。2020年，使用“封锁”一词的例子暴增至逾25万个。 "Language is a reflection of the world around us and 2020 has been dominated by the global pandemic,” says Collins language content consultant Helen Newstead. “We have chosen lockdown as our word of the year because it encapsulates the shared experience of billions of people who have had to restrict their daily lives in order to contain the virus. Lockdown has affected the way we work, study, shop, and socialise. With many countries entering a second lockdown, it is not a word of the year to celebrate but it is, perhaps, one that sums up the year for most of the world.” 《柯林斯词典》的语言内容顾问海伦·纽斯特德说：“语言反映了我们周边的世界，2020年是被全球疫情主宰的一年。我们选择‘封锁’作为今年的年度词汇，因为它概括了数十亿人被迫限制日常生活以防控病毒蔓延的共同经历。封锁影响了我们工作、学习、购物和社交的方式。如今许多国家都进入了第二轮封锁，这不是一个值得庆贺的年度词汇，但也许这个词能概括世界上大多数人的这一年。” Other pandemic-related words such as coronavirus, social distancing, self-isolate and furlough were on the dictionary’s list of the top 10 words. So was the term key worker. According to Collins, key worker saw a 60-fold increase in usage over the last year, which reflects “the importance attributed this year to professions considered to be essential to society”. 冠状病毒、社交隔离、自我隔离和强制休假等其他疫情相关词汇也入选了《柯林斯词典》的年度十大词汇。同样入选的还有关键岗位工作人员。据《柯林斯词典》介绍，关键岗位工作人员的使用量在过去一年增加了60倍，反映出“今年对社会必不可少的职业的重视”。 The abbreviation BLM, for Black Lives Matter, also made the shortlist. Defined by Collins as “a movement that campaigns against racially motivated violence and oppression”, it registered a 581% increase in usage. “黑人的命也是命”的缩写BLM也跻身年度十大词汇。 《柯林斯词典》将BLM定义为“反对种族暴力和压迫的运动”，数据显示，该词的使用量增加了581%。 Previous words of the year for Collins include climate strike in 2019, single-use in 2018, fake news in 2017, and Brexit in 2016. This year the top 10 included the word Megxit, defined as “the withdrawal of the Duke and Duchess of Sussex from royal duties, announced in January 2020”. Collins said the informal noun, modelled on Brexit, showed “just how firmly established that word now is in our lexicon”. 《柯林斯词典》先前的年度词汇包括2019年的“ 气候罢工 ”、2018年的“ 一次性使用 ”、2017年的 “假新闻 ”和2016年的“ 英国脱欧 ”。今年的年度十大词汇还包括“梅根脱离王室”，该词被定义为“萨塞克斯公爵与公爵夫人2020年1月宣布退出王室职务”。《柯林斯词典》表示，这个仿照“英国脱欧”造出的非正式名词显示出“英国脱欧一词在英国词汇中的地位是多么稳固”。 来看看《柯林斯词典》年度十大词汇的权威定义： coronavirus (noun): any one of a group of RNA-containing viruses that can cause infectious illnesses of the respiratory tract, including COVID-19. So called because of their crown-like appearance in electron micrographs. 冠状病毒 （名词）：任何导致呼吸道传染病的RNA病毒，包括新冠病毒在内。之所以被称为冠状是因为这种病毒在电子显微图中看起来形似王冠。 furlough (noun): a temporary laying-off of employees, usually because there is insufficient work to occupy them; (verb) to lay off (staff) temporarily. From Dutch verlof, from ver (for) and lof (leave); related to Swedish förlof. 强制休假 （名词）：员工被暂时解雇，通常是因为现有的工作量不需要这么多人手。也可作动词使用，意思是暂时辞退员工。该词源于荷兰语中的verlof，ver相当于英语中的for，lof是休假的意思，和瑞典语中的förlof也有关联。 key worker or keyworker (noun, Brit): an employee in any of a number of professions considered to be essential to the functioning of society, for example teachers, police officers, health workers, shop workers, etc. 关键岗位员工 （英国名词）：对社会运行至关重要的若干职业的员工，比如教师、警察、医护人员、商店店员等。 lockdown (noun): the imposition of stringent restrictions on travel, social interaction, and access to public spaces. 封锁 （名词）：对旅行、社交互动和公共空间出入实施严格限制。 Megxit (noun, informal): the withdrawal of the Duke and Duchess of Sussex from royal duties, announced in January 2020. From Meg(han), Duchess of Sussex and (e)xit; influenced by Brexit. 梅根退出王室 （名词，非正式）：萨塞克斯公爵与公爵夫人于2020年1月宣布退出王室职务。该词受“英国脱欧”一词的影响，由萨塞克斯公爵夫人梅根名字的头三个字母和退出英文的后三个字母组成。 mukbang (noun, Korean): a video or webcast in which the host eats a large quantity of food for the entertainment of viewers. From meogneun (eating) and bangsong (broadcast). 吃饭直播 （名词，韩语）：主播为了娱乐观众而在视频或网络直播中吃进大量食物。“吃播”一词由韩语meogneun（吃）和bangsong（播出）组合而成。 self-isolate (verb): to quarantine oneself if one has or suspects one has a contagious disease. 自我隔离 （动词）：在某人确诊或疑似有传染病时自我隔离。 social distancing (noun): the practice of maintaining a certain distance between oneself and other people in order to prevent infection with a disease. Also called: physical distancing. 社交隔离 （名词）：为防止感染疾病而在自己和他人之间保持一定距离的做法。也可以用physical distancing来表达。 TikToker (noun): a person who regularly shares or appears in videos on TikTok. 抖友 （名词）：经常分享或出现在抖音视频中的人。 英文来源：卫报 翻译&编辑：丹妮

Photo from Pexels Lockdown, the noun that has come to define so many lives across the world in 2020, has been named word of the year by Collins Dictionary. Lockdown is defined by Collins as “the imposition of stringent restrictions on travel, social interaction, and access to public spaces”, and its usage has boomed over the last year. The 4.5bn-word Collins Corpus, which contains written material from websites, books and newspapers, as well as spoken material from radio, television and conversations, registered a 6,000% increase in its usage. In 2019, there were 4,000 recorded instances of lockdown being used. In 2020, this had soared to more than a quarter of a million. "Language is a reflection of the world around us and 2020 has been dominated by the global pandemic,” says Collins language content consultant Helen Newstead. “We have chosen lockdown as our word of the year because it encapsulates the shared experience of billions of people who have had to restrict their daily lives in order to contain the virus. Lockdown has affected the way we work, study, shop, and socialise. With many countries entering a second lockdown, it is not a word of the year to celebrate but it is, perhaps, one that sums up the year for most of the world.” Other pandemic-related words such as coronavirus, social distancing, self-isolate and furlough were on the dictionary’s list of the top 10 words. So was the term key worker. According to Collins, key worker saw a 60-fold increase in usage over the last year, which reflects “the importance attributed this year to professions considered to be essential to society”. The abbreviation BLM, for Black Lives Matter, also made the shortlist. Defined by Collins as “a movement that campaigns against racially motivated violence and oppression”, it registered a 581% increase in usage. Previous words of the year for Collins include climate strike in 2019, single-use in 2018, fake news in 2017, and Brexit in 2016. This year the top 10 included the word Megxit, defined as “the withdrawal of the Duke and Duchess of Sussex from royal duties, announced in January 2020”. Collins said the informal noun, modelled on Brexit, showed “just how firmly established that word now is in our lexicon”. coronavirus (noun): any one of a group of RNA-containing viruses that can cause infectious illnesses of the respiratory tract, including COVID-19. So called because of their crown-like appearance in electron micrographs. furlough key worker or keyworker (noun, Brit): an employee in any of a number of professions considered to be essential to the functioning of society, for example teachers, police officers, health workers, shop workers, etc. lockdown (noun): the imposition of stringent restrictions on travel, social interaction, and access to public spaces. Megxit (noun, informal): the withdrawal of the Duke and Duchess of Sussex from royal duties, announced in January 2020. From Meg(han), Duchess of Sussex and (e)xit; influenced by Brexit. mukbang (noun, Korean): a video or webcast in which the host eats a large quantity of food for the entertainment of viewers. From meogneun (eating) and bangsong (broadcast). self-isolate (verb): to quarantine oneself if one has or suspects one has a contagious disease. social distancing (noun): the practice of maintaining a certain distance between oneself and other people in order to prevent infection with a disease. Also called: physical distancing. TikToker (noun): a person who regularly shares or appears in videos on TikTok.

《柯林斯词典》宣布“封锁”（lockdown）一词成为2020年度词汇。同时入选年度十大词汇的还有冠状病毒、社交隔离、强制休假、梅根脱离王室、吃播等。 2020年改变了太多人生活的“封锁”被选为《柯林斯词典》的年度词汇。 《柯林斯词典》将“封锁”定义为“对旅行、社交互动和公共空间出入实施严格限制”，该词的使用量在过去一年间飙升。拥有45亿个词的柯林斯语料库的记录显示，“封锁”的使用量增加了6000%。柯林斯语料库的素材来自网站、书籍、报纸等书面材料以及广播、电视和谈话的口语材料。2019年，语料库记载了4000个使用“封锁”的例子。2020年，使用“封锁”一词的例子暴增至逾25万个。 《柯林斯词典》的语言内容顾问海伦·纽斯特德说：“语言反映了我们周边的世界，2020年是被全球疫情主宰的一年。我们选择‘封锁’作为今年的年度词汇，因为它概括了数十亿人被迫限制日常生活以防控病毒蔓延的共同经历。封锁影响了我们工作、学习、购物和社交的方式。如今许多国家都进入了第二轮封锁，这不是一个值得庆贺的年度词汇，但也许这个词能概括世界上大多数人的这一年。” 冠状病毒、社交隔离、自我隔离和强制休假等其他疫情相关词汇也入选了《柯林斯词典》的年度十大词汇。同样入选的还有关键岗位工作人员。据《柯林斯词典》介绍，关键岗位工作人员的使用量在过去一年增加了60倍，反映出“今年对社会必不可少的职业的重视”。 “黑人的命也是命”的缩写BLM也跻身年度十大词汇。 《柯林斯词典》将BLM定义为“反对种族暴力和压迫的运动”，数据显示，该词的使用量增加了581%。 《柯林斯词典》先前的年度词汇包括2019年的“ 气候罢工 ”、2018年的“ 一次性使用 ”、2017年的 “假新闻 ”和2016年的“ 英国脱欧 ”。今年的年度十大词汇还包括“梅根脱离王室”，该词被定义为“萨塞克斯公爵与公爵夫人2020年1月宣布退出王室职务”。《柯林斯词典》表示，这个仿照“英国脱欧”造出的非正式名词显示出“英国脱欧一词在英国词汇中的地位是多么稳固”。 来看看《柯林斯词典》年度十大词汇的权威定义： 冠状病毒 （名词）：任何导致呼吸道传染病的RNA病毒，包括新冠病毒在内。之所以被称为冠状是因为这种病毒在电子显微图中看起来形似王冠。 (noun): a temporary laying-off of employees, usually because there is insufficient work to occupy them; (verb) to lay off (staff) temporarily. From Dutch verlof, from ver (for) and lof (leave); related to Swedish förlof. 强制休假 （名词）：员工被暂时解雇，通常是因为现有的工作量不需要这么多人手。也可作动词使用，意思是暂时辞退员工。该词源于荷兰语中的verlof，ver相当于英语中的for，lof是休假的意思，和瑞典语中的förlof也有关联。 关键岗位员工 （英国名词）：对社会运行至关重要的若干职业的员工，比如教师、警察、医护人员、商店店员等。 封锁 （名词）：对旅行、社交互动和公共空间出入实施严格限制。 梅根退出王室 （名词，非正式）：萨塞克斯公爵与公爵夫人于2020年1月宣布退出王室职务。该词受“英国脱欧”一词的影响，由萨塞克斯公爵夫人梅根名字的头三个字母和退出英文的后三个字母组成。 吃饭直播 （名词，韩语）：主播为了娱乐观众而在视频或网络直播中吃进大量食物。“吃播”一词由韩语meogneun（吃）和bangsong（播出）组合而成。 自我隔离 （动词）：在某人确诊或疑似有传染病时自我隔离。 社交隔离 （名词）：为防止感染疾病而在自己和他人之间保持一定距离的做法。也可以用physical distancing来表达。 抖友 （名词）：经常分享或出现在抖音视频中的人。 英文来源：卫报 翻译&编辑：丹妮

平均绩点、保研排位、工作面试、甚至考试复习进度似乎都能轻而易举地引起人们的互相比较。 把自己与他人相对比，在恰当的情形下会激发动力。但在很多时候，比较会引发更多负面情绪。 韩剧《请回答1988》剧照 而且，活在比较之中可能是很多人成长中的背景色。 When we are kids, we are constantly being compared to others. Our parents may compare us to our siblings. Our teachers probably compared us to other students. Kids compared us to other kids. 小时候，我们经常被人拿来和别人比较。我们的父母可能会把我们和兄弟姐妹们相比，老师可能会把我们和其他学生相比，小孩儿会把我们和其他小孩儿相比。 Those comparisons created either a sense of humiliation or a sense of pride. Either way, it has become second-nature. Everything we’d done has been followed by looking around and seeking validation. 这些比较产生了一种羞辱感或者自豪感。不论如何，拿自己和他人作比较已经成了自然而然的事情。我们每做完一件事，就会四下观察，从别人身上寻找一种确认感。 国外知乎Quora上，网友Miranda Young叙述的初中经历可能会让很多人有同感。 During junior high, there was one girl who was super smart, A++++ student. Teachers adored her, praised her, she received awards, special privileges, had opportunities presented to her and no one else, etc. 初中的时候，有一个超级聪明的女孩，老是拿一堆A+。老师们喜欢她，表扬她，她因此能得到奖励和特权，有机会也给她而不会给别人，等等等等。 We all knew she was special and we were not. The message of recognition for her exceptional intelligence was translated differently to the rest of the youth. I had a teacher once say “if more students were like her, we would have a more productive school”, even though those were the words spoken, I interpreted them as “she is a good student, you are not. You are the reason why this school isn’t living up to its potential”. 我们都知道她很特别，自己却资质平平。对于剩下的年轻小孩来说，对她非凡聪明才智的认可可能会被理解成另一番意思。曾经有一位老师说过：“要是能有更多学生跟她一样的话，咱们学校可就会更厉害了。”原话虽然听不出来啥，但我的理解却是：“她是个好学生，你不是。你就是我们学校没能发挥潜力的原因。” 受到这种不当比较的困扰，答主思考出了几个应对的办法：客观地观照自身的感受等等。 ❶ Acknowledge there are people out there who are better, smarter, prettier, richer, nicer, etc. more than you. 要承认世界上就是有人比你更厉害、更聪明、更漂亮、更富有、更友好等等。 ❷ Acknowledge how you feel when you compare, or someone else compares you to someone else. 对于自己比较或者被人拿去和别人比较时的情绪，要承认并接纳它们的存在。 ❸ Do not try to be more like the smartest student, be the smartest version of you. 不要费力不讨好地去追赶那个最聪明的学生，要去成为最聪明的那个你。 ❹ Increase self-esteem. Usually, when I feel good about myself, I tend not to be as affected by someone else’s success. 树立自信和自我满足。通常来说，如果我对自己感到满意，我就不会那么容易受到其他人成功的影响。 有人认为基础教育阶段的学生更容易陷入被比较的漩涡，压力来自父母、同学、老师等等。 那，是不是人的年纪越大，就越能挣脱将自己与他人比较的枷锁呢？ 答案是否定的。 著名科学期刊《自然》杂志在其官网职业专栏刊登了一篇在读博士学生的文章，读者发现， 原来“奔三”的博士候选人们也逃不开与他人作比较的烦恼 。 作者的焦虑源泉来自于和其他博士生比较时，自己的研究项目进展缓慢。 Midway through my psychology PhD program at Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, I felt that I lacked whatever magical ability is required to finish and publish a project. It seemed as though other graduate students were authoring several papers in the time it took me to complete a single experiment. I worked as hard as I could, but my progress seemed to be incremental compared with theirs. 在纽约伊萨卡的康奈尔大学攻读心理学博士的中途，我感到自己缺乏完成和发表一个项目所需的任何神奇能力。就好像其他的研究生们在我完成一个实验的时间里就写了好几篇论文。我已经很尽力地在努力工作了，但与他们相比，我的进步似乎还只是寸进。 求助了导师，人家给她点出了她的研究的特殊之处——比方说研究对象不同、分析方法不同、乃至技能组合的差异都会导致最终耗时的巨大差异。 When I shared these concerns with my adviser, she had a different take on the situation. “You’re not doing anything wrong,” she assured me, “you’re just pursuing a different kind of research.” 导师听了我说的这些担忧之后，对于这个情况，她给了一个不同的角度：“你啥也没做错啊。” 她叫我放心：“你只是做的研究本就与人家的不同。” Some researchers mine Twitter for data or collect responses from thousands of online participants over the course of just a couple of days. But lifespan researchers often collect more detailed and open-ended responses from one person at a time. 有些研究人员就是花几天时间在推特上挖数据或者是在网络上搜集数千个研究被试者的反馈。但是那些花上将近一辈子来做某项研究的研究人员通常一次需要从一个被试者那里搜集更具体的且未经引导的反馈数据。 A project I am working on, for example, involves analyzing interviews with 138 people recruited from our local community. Recording, transcribing and coding so much interview data can take months, if not years. 比方说我正在做的一个项目就需要我分析对本地社区招募的138个参与者的采访。要录音、要转写、然后还要给这些采访数据编码，要花上数月甚至数年。 The research I do differs from most social-science research in other ways, too — from the funding, personnel and equipment needed to collect new data, to the skills, permissions and access required to obtain and analyze them. 我的研究跟大多数社会科学的研究也有其他方面的不同——资金方面、人员方面、搜集数据所要用到的设备、以及获取和分析这些数据所需要的技能、许可、准入等等。 当然，“与人比较”本身并不是一件坏事。疏导得当，兴许是一剂助力。 Quora答主Venus Souls就细数了这其中的道理。 Comparing yourself to others is not necessarily a bad thing. 把自己与他人做比较并非一定是坏事。 When you catch yourself comparing yourself to others, get curious about the feeling that is being triggered. Is it jealousy? Is it obsession? Is it admiration? Is it love? Is it inspiration? Your triggered feelings will give you a clue as to what is going on within you. 当你发觉自己在和别人作比较，那你就得知道当下你的情绪是什么样的。是嫉妒吗？是迷恋？是倾慕？是爱？还是启发？了解自己被激发出来的情绪有助于你发掘自己脑子里的真正想法。 Most likely, you are jealous because you wish you had what it takes to achieve what the other has achieved or to have what they have. Get curious and figure out why you still don’t have it and what would it take to get there. 大概率你会产生嫉妒感，因为你希望拥有那些能帮助你取得类似他人成就的资源，或者是直接拥有这些成就。动动脑子想想看，为什么你还没能取得这些成就，以及要怎样做才能获得它们。 It is never a good idea to make yourself wrong for comparing yourself to others or to make yourself wrong for not getting where you wish to be. 永远不要觉得把自己跟别人作比较是一件坏事，也不要因为自己没能达到预期的成就而懊恼。 But if all this comparison mounts to is bitter jealousy, then your problem is bigger than a simple comparison. Always bear in mind that your only competition is the one in the mirror and—believe me—it is the toughest competition of all. 不过，如果这种比较激发的是仇愤的嫉妒感，那你的问题可能比一个单纯的比较大得多。要记住，你永远是在跟“镜中人”比较——相信我，这才是最难的竞争。 “打工人”也好，“考试人”也罢，与人竞争时是难免会陷入比较的。 根据自身实际情况，筛选有可比较性的对手，可以帮助节省一大部分情绪精力。 接着，正确处理比较时的感觉和情绪，承认它们的存在，而后置之一旁。 最后，集中精力与“镜中你”对话，去发现进步。 Notes exceptional [ɪkˈsepʃənl] adj 杰出的；优秀的；卓越的 open-ended adj 无限制的；无确定目标的；无期限的 incremental [.ɪŋkrə'ment(ə)l] adj. 增加的；渐进的 (someone's) take on (something) 某人对某事的态度、看法 assure [əˈʃʊr] v.确保；使确信 trigger ['trɪɡər] v.触发；发动 （来源：中国日报双语新闻微信 编辑：陈月华）

When we are kids, we are constantly being compared to others. Our parents may compare us to our siblings. Our teachers probably compared us to other students. Kids compared us to other kids. Those comparisons created either a sense of humiliation or a sense of pride. Either way, it has become second-nature. Everything we’d done has been followed by looking around and seeking validation. During junior high, there was one girl who was super smart, A++++ student. Teachers adored her, praised her, she received awards, special privileges, had opportunities presented to her and no one else, etc. We all knew she was special and we were not. The message of recognition for her exceptional intelligence was translated differently to the rest of the youth. I had a teacher once say “if more students were like her, we would have a more productive school”, even though those were the words spoken, I interpreted them as “she is a good student, you are not. You are the reason why this school isn’t living up to its potential”. 。 Midway through my psychology PhD program at Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, I felt that I lacked whatever magical ability is required to finish and publish a project. It seemed as though other graduate students were authoring several papers in the time it took me to complete a single experiment. I worked as hard as I could, but my progress seemed to be incremental compared with theirs. When I shared these concerns with my adviser, she had a different take on the situation. “You’re not doing anything wrong,” she assured me, “you’re just pursuing a different kind of research.” Some researchers mine Twitter for data or collect responses from thousands of online participants over the course of just a couple of days. But lifespan researchers often collect more detailed and open-ended responses from one person at a time. A project I am working on, for example, involves analyzing interviews with 138 people recruited from our local community. Recording, transcribing and coding so much interview data can take months, if not years. The research I do differs from most social-science research in other ways, too — from the funding, personnel and equipment needed to collect new data, to the skills, permissions and access required to obtain and analyze them. Comparing yourself to others is not necessarily a bad thing. When you catch yourself comparing yourself to others, get curious about the feeling that is being triggered. Is it jealousy? Is it obsession? Is it admiration? Is it love? Is it inspiration? Your triggered feelings will give you a clue as to what is going on within you. Most likely, you are jealous because you wish you had what it takes to achieve what the other has achieved or to have what they have. Get curious and figure out why you still don’t have it and what would it take to get there. It is never a good idea to make yourself wrong for comparing yourself to others or to make yourself wrong for not getting where you wish to be. But if all this comparison mounts to is bitter jealousy, then your problem is bigger than a simple comparison. Always bear in mind that your only competition is the one in the mirror and—believe me—it is the toughest competition of all. Notes

平均绩点、保研排位、工作面试、甚至考试复习进度似乎都能轻而易举地引起人们的互相比较。 把自己与他人相对比，在恰当的情形下会激发动力。但在很多时候，比较会引发更多负面情绪。 韩剧《请回答1988》剧照 而且，活在比较之中可能是很多人成长中的背景色。 小时候，我们经常被人拿来和别人比较。我们的父母可能会把我们和兄弟姐妹们相比，老师可能会把我们和其他学生相比，小孩儿会把我们和其他小孩儿相比。 这些比较产生了一种羞辱感或者自豪感。不论如何，拿自己和他人作比较已经成了自然而然的事情。我们每做完一件事，就会四下观察，从别人身上寻找一种确认感。 国外知乎Quora上，网友Miranda Young叙述的初中经历可能会让很多人有同感。 初中的时候，有一个超级聪明的女孩，老是拿一堆A+。老师们喜欢她，表扬她，她因此能得到奖励和特权，有机会也给她而不会给别人，等等等等。 我们都知道她很特别，自己却资质平平。对于剩下的年轻小孩来说，对她非凡聪明才智的认可可能会被理解成另一番意思。曾经有一位老师说过：“要是能有更多学生跟她一样的话，咱们学校可就会更厉害了。”原话虽然听不出来啥，但我的理解却是：“她是个好学生，你不是。你就是我们学校没能发挥潜力的原因。” 受到这种不当比较的困扰，答主思考出了几个应对的办法：客观地观照自身的感受等等。 ❶ Acknowledge there are people out there who are better, smarter, prettier, richer, nicer, etc. more than you. 要承认世界上就是有人比你更厉害、更聪明、更漂亮、更富有、更友好等等。 ❷ Acknowledge how you feel when you compare, or someone else compares you to someone else. 对于自己比较或者被人拿去和别人比较时的情绪，要承认并接纳它们的存在。 ❸ Do not try to be more like the smartest student, be the smartest version of you. 不要费力不讨好地去追赶那个最聪明的学生，要去成为最聪明的那个你。 ❹ Increase self-esteem. Usually, when I feel good about myself, I tend not to be as affected by someone else’s success. 树立自信和自我满足。通常来说，如果我对自己感到满意，我就不会那么容易受到其他人成功的影响。 有人认为基础教育阶段的学生更容易陷入被比较的漩涡，压力来自父母、同学、老师等等。 那，是不是人的年纪越大，就越能挣脱将自己与他人比较的枷锁呢？ 答案是否定的。 著名科学期刊《自然》杂志在其官网职业专栏刊登了一篇在读博士学生的文章，读者发现， 原来“奔三”的博士候选人们也逃不开与他人作比较的烦恼 作者的焦虑源泉来自于和其他博士生比较时，自己的研究项目进展缓慢。 在纽约伊萨卡的康奈尔大学攻读心理学博士的中途，我感到自己缺乏完成和发表一个项目所需的任何神奇能力。就好像其他的研究生们在我完成一个实验的时间里就写了好几篇论文。我已经很尽力地在努力工作了，但与他们相比，我的进步似乎还只是寸进。 求助了导师，人家给她点出了她的研究的特殊之处——比方说研究对象不同、分析方法不同、乃至技能组合的差异都会导致最终耗时的巨大差异。 导师听了我说的这些担忧之后，对于这个情况，她给了一个不同的角度：“你啥也没做错啊。” 她叫我放心：“你只是做的研究本就与人家的不同。” 有些研究人员就是花几天时间在推特上挖数据或者是在网络上搜集数千个研究被试者的反馈。但是那些花上将近一辈子来做某项研究的研究人员通常一次需要从一个被试者那里搜集更具体的且未经引导的反馈数据。 比方说我正在做的一个项目就需要我分析对本地社区招募的138个参与者的采访。要录音、要转写、然后还要给这些采访数据编码，要花上数月甚至数年。 我的研究跟大多数社会科学的研究也有其他方面的不同——资金方面、人员方面、搜集数据所要用到的设备、以及获取和分析这些数据所需要的技能、许可、准入等等。 当然，“与人比较”本身并不是一件坏事。疏导得当，兴许是一剂助力。 Quora答主Venus Souls就细数了这其中的道理。 把自己与他人做比较并非一定是坏事。 当你发觉自己在和别人作比较，那你就得知道当下你的情绪是什么样的。是嫉妒吗？是迷恋？是倾慕？是爱？还是启发？了解自己被激发出来的情绪有助于你发掘自己脑子里的真正想法。 大概率你会产生嫉妒感，因为你希望拥有那些能帮助你取得类似他人成就的资源，或者是直接拥有这些成就。动动脑子想想看，为什么你还没能取得这些成就，以及要怎样做才能获得它们。 永远不要觉得把自己跟别人作比较是一件坏事，也不要因为自己没能达到预期的成就而懊恼。 不过，如果这种比较激发的是仇愤的嫉妒感，那你的问题可能比一个单纯的比较大得多。要记住，你永远是在跟“镜中人”比较——相信我，这才是最难的竞争。 “打工人”也好，“考试人”也罢，与人竞争时是难免会陷入比较的。 根据自身实际情况，筛选有可比较性的对手，可以帮助节省一大部分情绪精力。 接着，正确处理比较时的感觉和情绪，承认它们的存在，而后置之一旁。 最后，集中精力与“镜中你”对话，去发现进步。 exceptional [ɪkˈsepʃənl] adj 杰出的；优秀的；卓越的 open-ended adj 无限制的；无确定目标的；无期限的 incremental [.ɪŋkrə'ment(ə)l] adj. 增加的；渐进的 (someone's) take on (something) 某人对某事的态度、看法 assure [əˈʃʊr] v.确保；使确信 trigger ['trɪɡər] v.触发；发动 （来源：中国日报双语新闻微信 编辑：陈月华）

新冠疫情的肆虐让不少家庭受到严重冲击。印度尼西亚巴厘岛的一所学院为了减轻贫困学生负担，允许他们用椰子和树叶来抵学费。椰子会被榨成椰子油，而树叶则制成草本皂出售。 Photo by Tijana Drndarski on Unsplash A hospitality college in Bali, Indonesia, has begun accepting coconuts as tuition payment as students face economic hardship as a result of the coronavirus pandemic. 印尼巴厘岛的一所酒店管理学院已经开始接受那些因新冠疫情有经济困难的学生用椰子当学费。 When students at the Venus One Tourism Academy pay their fees with coconuts, the college will use them to harvest virgin coconut oil, UPI reported. 合众国际社报告称，如果维纳斯一号旅游学院的学生用椰子来付学费，学院将用其压榨成纯椰子油。 Alternatively, students can pay using leaves from moringa and gotu kola plants, which can be converted into herbal soap and sold to raise money for the academy, Food & Wine added. 《美食与美酒》杂志还指出，学生也可以选择用辣木和积雪草的叶子来抵学费，这种叶子可以被制成草本皂出售，为学院筹款。 The program has been running since March, after the college received a permit to allow it to operate on this basis, according to The Bali Sun . 据《巴厘岛太阳报》报道，这所学院获准照此运营后，这一项目就一直从三月份进行到现在。 Venus One Tourism Academy's director, Wayan Pasek Adi Putra, told local news outlet Balipuspa News : "Initially, the tuition payment scheme was paid in installments three times, with the first installment at 50%, the second 20%, and the third 30%. Because of this Covid pandemic, we have adapted a flexible policy. We produce virgin coconut oil, so students can pay their tuition by bringing coconuts." 维纳斯一号旅游学院的院长瓦扬·帕塞克·艾迪·普特拉告诉当地媒体《巴厘普斯帕新闻》说：“起初，无法支付学费的学生可以分期付款，第一期缴纳50%，第二期20%，第三期30%。因为新冠疫情，我们采取了灵活的政策。我们生产初榨椰子油，所以学生可以带椰子来付学费。” He added: "We have to educate them to optimize the natural resources in their surroundings. When the pandemic is over, they will enter the world of hospitality with different skills." 他补充道：“我们必须教育学生最大化地利用周边的自然资源。疫情结束后，他们就可以带着不同的技能进入酒店行业。” Bali is a major international tourist destination but in August, the Balinese government closed the island to non-Indonesian visitors until 2021, BBC News reported. 巴厘岛是一个主要国际旅游目的地，但据BBC新闻报道，巴厘岛政府在八月份禁止非印尼游客进岛，这一禁令将持续到2021年。 英文来源：内幕网 翻译&编辑：丹妮

Photo by Tijana Drndarski on Unsplash A hospitality college in Bali, Indonesia, has begun accepting coconuts as tuition payment as students face economic hardship as a result of the coronavirus pandemic. When students at the Venus One Tourism Academy pay their fees with coconuts, the college will use them to harvest virgin coconut oil, UPI reported. Alternatively, students can pay using leaves from moringa and gotu kola plants, which can be converted into herbal soap and sold to raise money for the academy, Food & Wine added. The program has been running since March, after the college received a permit to allow it to operate on this basis, according to The Bali Sun . Venus One Tourism Academy's director, Wayan Pasek Adi Putra, told local news outlet Balipuspa News : "Initially, the tuition payment scheme was paid in installments three times, with the first installment at 50%, the second 20%, and the third 30%. Because of this Covid pandemic, we have adapted a flexible policy. We produce virgin coconut oil, so students can pay their tuition by bringing coconuts." He added: "We have to educate them to optimize the natural resources in their surroundings. When the pandemic is over, they will enter the world of hospitality with different skills." Bali is a major international tourist destination but in August, the Balinese government closed the island to non-Indonesian visitors until 2021, BBC News reported.

新冠疫情的肆虐让不少家庭受到严重冲击。印度尼西亚巴厘岛的一所学院为了减轻贫困学生负担，允许他们用椰子和树叶来抵学费。椰子会被榨成椰子油，而树叶则制成草本皂出售。 印尼巴厘岛的一所酒店管理学院已经开始接受那些因新冠疫情有经济困难的学生用椰子当学费。 合众国际社报告称，如果维纳斯一号旅游学院的学生用椰子来付学费，学院将用其压榨成纯椰子油。 《美食与美酒》杂志还指出，学生也可以选择用辣木和积雪草的叶子来抵学费，这种叶子可以被制成草本皂出售，为学院筹款。 据《巴厘岛太阳报》报道，这所学院获准照此运营后，这一项目就一直从三月份进行到现在。 维纳斯一号旅游学院的院长瓦扬·帕塞克·艾迪·普特拉告诉当地媒体《巴厘普斯帕新闻》说：“起初，无法支付学费的学生可以分期付款，第一期缴纳50%，第二期20%，第三期30%。因为新冠疫情，我们采取了灵活的政策。我们生产初榨椰子油，所以学生可以带椰子来付学费。” 他补充道：“我们必须教育学生最大化地利用周边的自然资源。疫情结束后，他们就可以带着不同的技能进入酒店行业。” 巴厘岛是一个主要国际旅游目的地，但据BBC新闻报道，巴厘岛政府在八月份禁止非印尼游客进岛，这一禁令将持续到2021年。 英文来源：内幕网 翻译&编辑：丹妮

虽然戴口罩可以帮你隔离病毒，但是也遮住了你的表情，给交流带来不便。如何才能在佩戴口罩的时候依然保持顺畅的沟通和交流呢？来看看专家怎么说。 Photo by Anastasiia Chepinska on Unsplash 用眼神来交流 Facial expressions are the primary way people exhibit emotion and decipher the feelings of others. Happiness, sadness, disgust, fear and surprise can be communicated through facial expressions alone. But when part of the face is masked, it becomes more difficult to recognize these cues. 面部表情是人们表露感情和解读他人感情的主要方式。快乐、悲伤、厌恶、恐惧和惊讶之情都可以单单通过面部表情来传达。但是如果一部分脸被口罩遮盖，辨识这些线索就更为困难。 If you cannot read someone else's emotional state, your ability to empathize with them may be compromised. Likewise, if your own mask is hiding your emotional state, others may not be able to empathize with you. Wearing a mask can also make you feel more distracted and self-conscious, further weakening your connection to others. 如果你无法解读他人的情绪状态，你体恤别人的能力也许会大打折扣。同样，如果你的口罩遮盖住了你的情绪状态，他人也许无法同情你。佩戴口罩还会让你感觉更心烦意乱、更不自在，进一步弱化你和他人的纽带。 Fortunately, you can regain some control over communication by working with what you have left -- the eyes. If you want to increase understanding with a masked individual, you should look them in the eyes, which may be easier said than done. Eye contact triggers self-consciousness, consumes extra brain power and becomes uncomfortable after only three seconds. But bear in mind, eye contact can also make you appear more intelligent and trustworthy. 幸运的是，你可以通过利用没被口罩遮盖的双眼来重获对交流的控制。如果你想增进对戴口罩者的理解，你应该凝视他们的眼睛，不过这可能说起来容易做起来难。眼神接触会让人不自在，额外消耗脑力，而且短短三秒就会让人不舒服。但是要记住，眼神接触还会让你看起来更聪慧更可靠。 利用身体语言来交流 You might be surprised how much information is conveyed by the body itself. 你也许会对身体传达的信息量如此庞大而感到吃惊。 For instance, when someone is happy, they stand up straighter and lift their head; when they are sad, they slouch and drop their head; and when they are angry, their whole body tenses up. Learning how people use their bodies to convey emotion may help reduce the uncertainty you feel when communicating with someone in a mask. 举例来说，当某人快乐时，会挺胸抬头；当某人悲伤时，会垂头丧气；当某人愤怒时，就会全身绷紧。了解人们如何运用身体来传达感情也许有助于减少你和戴口罩者交流时的不确定感。 Become aware of your own body language, too. When engaged in a conversation, you can appear more attentive by turning your body toward the individual, leaning in or nodding. To let another person know you want to start speaking, straighten your posture, hold up your index finger or nod more frequently. Finally, be aware that imitating the posture of another person can increase how much they like you and even agree with you. 你也要注意自己的身体语言。当你和人交谈时，你可以通过将身体转向某人、身体前倾或点头来显得更专注。如果你想让对方知道你要发言，你可以挺直身子，竖起食指，或更频繁地点头。最后，要知道，模仿另一个人的姿势可以增进别人对你的好感，甚至会更认同你。 Photo by Ani Kolleshi on Unsplash 善用自己的声音 Don't forget the impact of your voice. It's not just what you say, it's how you say it. Along with the actual words, you also use volume, tone and pauses to convey your message. For instance, a lower-pitched whisper may denote sadness or insecurity, whereas a higher-pitched shout could show anger or intensity. 不要忘记自己声音的力量。重要的不只是你说话的内容，还有你说话的方式。除了说话用词，你还可以用音量、语气和停顿来传达讯息。例如，低声细语也许意味着悲伤或不安全感，而高声大叫也许表达的是愤怒或紧张。 If you feel the need to speak louder, just be aware that raising your voice can alter the message you are trying to send. Changing the tone of your voice can change the whole conversation, so instead of increasing volume, try improving enunciation. 如果你觉得需要大声点说话，你要知道，提高音量可能会改变你试图传达的信息。改变说话的语气会改变整个对话，所以你可以试着让发音更清晰一些，而不是提高音量。 戴口罩时增进交流的小诀窍 Before your next interaction with a friend, think of ways to improve your connection. Pull your hair back so they can see your eyes clearly and find a quiet place to talk. Use your body and voice to convey the emotions you fear your mask might hide. Maybe most importantly, don't expect it to go perfectly. Just like any conversation, mistakes will be made. 下次和朋友互动前，可以想办法改善你与他人的沟通。把头发往后捋一捋，这样他们就能清楚地看见你的双眼，找一个安静的地方说话。用你的身体和声音来表达你担心会被口罩遮盖的感情。也许最重要的是，不要指望交流会很完美。任何一种对话形式都会可能出错。 When someone can't understand you, try rephrasing your statement, saying it a bit more slowly and enunciating more. If you are struggling to understand someone else, try to ask close-ended questions, like "Do you want to go to the park?" instead of open-ended ones, like "Where do you want to go?" 如果某人不能理解你，你可以试着换种说法，放慢语速，让发音更清晰。如果你理解他人很费劲，试着问一些封闭式问题，比如“你想去公园吗？”而不是开放式问题，比如“你想去哪里？” By all means, continue the proper measures to keep yourself safe, but don't neglect your relationships as a consequence. Social distance doesn't have to mean socially distant. 无论如何，继续采取合适的措施来保证自己的安全，但不要因此而忽视你的感情关系。社交隔离不一定意味着社交疏远。 英文来源：The Conversation 翻译&编辑：丹妮

Photo by Anastasiia Chepinska on Unsplash Facial expressions are the primary way people exhibit emotion and decipher the feelings of others. Happiness, sadness, disgust, fear and surprise can be communicated through facial expressions alone. But when part of the face is masked, it becomes more difficult to recognize these cues. If you cannot read someone else's emotional state, your ability to empathize with them may be compromised. Likewise, if your own mask is hiding your emotional state, others may not be able to empathize with you. Wearing a mask can also make you feel more distracted and self-conscious, further weakening your connection to others. Fortunately, you can regain some control over communication by working with what you have left -- the eyes. If you want to increase understanding with a masked individual, you should look them in the eyes, which may be easier said than done. Eye contact triggers self-consciousness, consumes extra brain power and becomes uncomfortable after only three seconds. But bear in mind, eye contact can also make you appear more intelligent and trustworthy. You might be surprised how much information is conveyed by the body itself. For instance, when someone is happy, they stand up straighter and lift their head; when they are sad, they slouch and drop their head; and when they are angry, their whole body tenses up. Learning how people use their bodies to convey emotion may help reduce the uncertainty you feel when communicating with someone in a mask. Become aware of your own body language, too. When engaged in a conversation, you can appear more attentive by turning your body toward the individual, leaning in or nodding. To let another person know you want to start speaking, straighten your posture, hold up your index finger or nod more frequently. Finally, be aware that imitating the posture of another person can increase how much they like you and even agree with you. Photo by Ani Kolleshi on Unsplash Don't forget the impact of your voice. It's not just what you say, it's how you say it. Along with the actual words, you also use volume, tone and pauses to convey your message. For instance, a lower-pitched whisper may denote sadness or insecurity, whereas a higher-pitched shout could show anger or intensity. If you feel the need to speak louder, just be aware that raising your voice can alter the message you are trying to send. Changing the tone of your voice can change the whole conversation, so instead of increasing volume, try improving enunciation. Before your next interaction with a friend, think of ways to improve your connection. Pull your hair back so they can see your eyes clearly and find a quiet place to talk. Use your body and voice to convey the emotions you fear your mask might hide. Maybe most importantly, don't expect it to go perfectly. Just like any conversation, mistakes will be made. When someone can't understand you, try rephrasing your statement, saying it a bit more slowly and enunciating more. If you are struggling to understand someone else, try to ask close-ended questions, like "Do you want to go to the park?" instead of open-ended ones, like "Where do you want to go?" By all means, continue the proper measures to keep yourself safe, but don't neglect your relationships as a consequence. Social distance doesn't have to mean socially distant.

虽然戴口罩可以帮你隔离病毒，但是也遮住了你的表情，给交流带来不便。如何才能在佩戴口罩的时候依然保持顺畅的沟通和交流呢？来看看专家怎么说。 用眼神来交流 面部表情是人们表露感情和解读他人感情的主要方式。快乐、悲伤、厌恶、恐惧和惊讶之情都可以单单通过面部表情来传达。但是如果一部分脸被口罩遮盖，辨识这些线索就更为困难。 如果你无法解读他人的情绪状态，你体恤别人的能力也许会大打折扣。同样，如果你的口罩遮盖住了你的情绪状态，他人也许无法同情你。佩戴口罩还会让你感觉更心烦意乱、更不自在，进一步弱化你和他人的纽带。 幸运的是，你可以通过利用没被口罩遮盖的双眼来重获对交流的控制。如果你想增进对戴口罩者的理解，你应该凝视他们的眼睛，不过这可能说起来容易做起来难。眼神接触会让人不自在，额外消耗脑力，而且短短三秒就会让人不舒服。但是要记住，眼神接触还会让你看起来更聪慧更可靠。 利用身体语言来交流 你也许会对身体传达的信息量如此庞大而感到吃惊。 举例来说，当某人快乐时，会挺胸抬头；当某人悲伤时，会垂头丧气；当某人愤怒时，就会全身绷紧。了解人们如何运用身体来传达感情也许有助于减少你和戴口罩者交流时的不确定感。 你也要注意自己的身体语言。当你和人交谈时，你可以通过将身体转向某人、身体前倾或点头来显得更专注。如果你想让对方知道你要发言，你可以挺直身子，竖起食指，或更频繁地点头。最后，要知道，模仿另一个人的姿势可以增进别人对你的好感，甚至会更认同你。 善用自己的声音 不要忘记自己声音的力量。重要的不只是你说话的内容，还有你说话的方式。除了说话用词，你还可以用音量、语气和停顿来传达讯息。例如，低声细语也许意味着悲伤或不安全感，而高声大叫也许表达的是愤怒或紧张。 如果你觉得需要大声点说话，你要知道，提高音量可能会改变你试图传达的信息。改变说话的语气会改变整个对话，所以你可以试着让发音更清晰一些，而不是提高音量。 戴口罩时增进交流的小诀窍 下次和朋友互动前，可以想办法改善你与他人的沟通。把头发往后捋一捋，这样他们就能清楚地看见你的双眼，找一个安静的地方说话。用你的身体和声音来表达你担心会被口罩遮盖的感情。也许最重要的是，不要指望交流会很完美。任何一种对话形式都会可能出错。 如果某人不能理解你，你可以试着换种说法，放慢语速，让发音更清晰。如果你理解他人很费劲，试着问一些封闭式问题，比如“你想去公园吗？”而不是开放式问题，比如“你想去哪里？” 无论如何，继续采取合适的措施来保证自己的安全，但不要因此而忽视你的感情关系。社交隔离不一定意味着社交疏远。 英文来源：The Conversation 翻译&编辑：丹妮

无论是为了某个特别的节日，还是为了表达感谢，抑或是为了让对方明白你很在乎，赠送礼物都是人类共同的习俗。各地赠礼的目的也许相近，但赠礼的传统却因国而异。在某地表示尊重的赠礼行为，在另一个地方看来则可能会被视为无礼。一起看看世界各地独一无二的赠礼传统吧。 Photo by freestocks on Unsplash In Europe, don’t accidentally cut yourself out of someone’s life. 在欧洲，别不小心与人一刀两断。 Here in the US, a set of kitchen knives seems like the perfect gift idea for a wedding or holiday. However, in certain European countries like Germany, superstition dictates that a knife presented as a gift will sever your friendship. There is a way to beat this superstition: Tie a penny to the knife or gift box. The receiver then returns the penny to you as a “payment” to nullify the bad luck. 在美国，一套厨房刀具似乎是十分理想的婚礼或节日礼物。然而在某些欧洲国家，如德国，迷信让人们相信赠送刀具会割断朋友之间的友谊。打破这种迷信的办法是：在刀或礼品盒上绑一枚硬币。收礼人把硬币还给赠礼之人以示“付款”，用以抵消厄运。 In Britain, diamonds are 60th wedding anniversary gifts. 在英国，60周年结婚纪念日礼物是钻石。 Lottery tickets are bought and exchanged here more than they are anywhere else in the world, and often make a suitable birthday gift. Though diamonds originally symbolised 75 years of married life in the UK, they are now associated with 60, as Victoria’s 60 years on the throne marked her Jubilee. 在英国，彩票的购买、交换比世界上任何地方都要多，而且适合作为生日礼物。原本钻石在英国象征75年婚姻生活，但由于维多利亚女王登基60年便举办了钻禧庆典，因而现在钻石代表60周年纪念。 At an Italian wedding, buy yourself a piece of the tie. 参加意大利婚礼，给自己买片领带。 There’s a well-known Italian wedding tradition where the groom’s tie is cut into a number of tiny pieces. Wedding guests can then “buy” these tie slices in exchange for cash. It’s a fun way to give money to the bride and groom that leaves guests with a wedding souvenir. In addition to a visit from Santa, Italian kids have their stockings filled by a fallacious witch at the end of Epiphany on January 6. Interestingly, gifts are not exchanged between or within companies, as the act is deemed a little tacky. 意大利婚礼上有名的传统就是把新郎的领带切成许多小片。婚礼来宾通过“购买”这些领带片，交换现金给新人。这种有趣的方式让宾客得到婚礼纪念品，又给新郎新娘随了礼金。意大利的小朋友除了受到圣诞老人的眷顾外，在1月6日主显节结束时，还会收到巫女装进他们袜子里的礼物。有趣的是，公司之间或公司内部不会互赠礼物，因为人们认为这种行为有点俗气。 In Russia, Vodka is not a desirable gift. 在俄罗斯，伏特加酒并不是称心的礼物。 Due to the way Russia was governed during the Soviet era, Russians celebrate New Year with more gusto than they do at Christmas. While Vodka might seem the most suitable gift for a Russian, a lot of them would see it as an unimaginative gesture. Many even perceive the notion as insulting. 受苏联时期统治方式影响，与圣诞节相比俄罗斯人更乐于庆祝新年。也许伏特加看起来是最适合俄罗斯人的礼物，可实际上在很多俄罗斯人看来这是没创意的礼物。许多人甚至会认为送伏特加酒这一想法就是无礼的。 In Israel, nobody’s giving or receiving gifts. 在以色列，没人送礼物，也没人收礼物。 Despite the kind gesture, thank you cards and notes are not a common part of the gifting custom in Israel. Contrary to the way American Jews exchange gifts during Hanukkah, those from or residing in Israel won’t typically receive gifts from one another. 尽管有送礼物这种善意的举动，但感谢卡和感谢便条在以色列赠礼传统中并不常见。与美国犹太人在光明节互换礼物不同，来自以色列或在以色列居住的犹太人通常不会互换礼物。 In Native America, your host gives gifts rather than receive them. 在印第安人中，主人赠送礼物，而不是接收礼物。 Native American gifting etiquette is exactly the opposite to that of any other culture. Traditionally during weddings and powwow celebrations (birthdays aren’t always recognised), guests are the receivers of gifts rather than whomever the host may be. 印第安人的赠礼礼节与任何其他文化都相反。按照传统，在婚礼和预祝仪式上（生日不算在内），其他文化中是主人接收礼物，而印第安文化中则为来宾接收礼物。 In Japan, presentation is paramount. 在日本，赠礼方式至关重要。 The Japanese place a great emphasis on the act of gift giving (it’s not unheard of to send a thank-you gift for a thank-you gift), and presentation plays a big role in determining how your gift is received. For example, it’s considered distasteful to hand off uncovered cash. So whether you’re sending money as a gift or just leaving a tip, place your money in an envelope to ensure it’s received in a respectful manner. It’s also customary to place a tight decorative knot on a wedding gift envelope, since folklore dictates that the envelope should be “impossible to open.” 日本人非常重视赠礼（因收到感谢礼物而又赠出感谢礼物也不足为奇），而赠礼方式直接影响礼物的接收。举例来说，赠送无包装的现金会令人不快。那么，无论用作礼物还是支付小费的现金都要装进信封，保证收礼物的人受到尊重。按照惯例，人们会在新婚礼物的信封上打个装饰死结，因为民间传说新婚礼物的信封应该“打不开”。 In China, red envelopes and even denominations bring good luck. 在中国，红包和双数会带来好运。 Chinese New Year has a rich set of traditions. One of the most popular customs of this holiday is giving out money in red envelopes. Known as “yasuiqian” which means “the money used to suppress the evil spirit,” these gifts are meant to bring good luck. In addition to how you give money, there’s also superstition around the amount you give. Gifting an odd numbered amount of money is associated with the “baijin,” gifts given during funerals, and is considered bad luck. It’s important to make sure that even the first digit is even, as numbers like 30 and 50 are considered odd. 中国新年有一整套丰富的传统。节日里最流行的习俗就是赠送装在红色信封里的钱，这叫作“压岁钱”，是“用来镇恶驱邪的钱”，是要带来好运的。除了送钱的方式，对礼金的金额也有迷信。单数金额跟“白金”（葬礼上的礼金）相联系，被视为厄运。哪怕是礼金的第一位数都一定要保证是双数，像30和50都被视为单数。 In India, gifts are given with the right hand. 在印度，用右手送礼物。 As left hands are considered unclean in Indian culture, gestures such as touching, passing money, or giving gifts are to be done with the right hand. Contrary to some other cultures, an odd number of objects or currency denotes good luck. For example, £11 should be given as opposed to £10. 印度文化认为左手不干净，像接触、传递钱物或赠送礼物都要用右手。与某些文化不同，印度文化视单数的物件或钱为吉利。例如，11镑比10 镑好。 In South America, sharp objects are unlucky. 在南美，锋利的物件不吉利。 The majority of people from South American countries will see the offering of sharp objects as a sign that you want the relationship with them severed, so scissors and cooking knives are best avoided. On the eve of January 6 at the end of the Christmas period, Argentinian children will customarily leave their shoes by their beds to be filled with small gifts. Meanwhile in Brazil, seaside settlements will send gifts of f lowers, fruits or jewellery out to sea to honour the Goddess of Water. 南美洲国家的大部分人认为赠送锋利尖锐的物件是想断绝关系的标志，所以送礼物最好避免赠送剪刀和厨刀。圣诞节节期最后一天1月6日前夕，阿根廷的孩子们通常会把鞋留在床边，等着装满小礼物。在巴西，海边的居民会把鲜花、水果或珠宝撒向大海以祭水神。 In Trinidad and Tobago, nobody’s too young for a gift. 在特立尼达和多巴哥，年龄再小都能收礼物。 In Trinidad & Tobago, it’s customary to celebrate the birth of a newborn baby by placing money in its hand. This gesture conveys best wishes for the child’s healthy and prosperous upbringing. 在特立尼达和多巴哥，人们习惯把钱放在新生儿手里来庆祝孩子的出生。这种做法表达了对孩子健康茁壮成长的美好祝愿。 In Zimbabwe, a dance can speak a thousand words. 在津巴布韦，舞蹈胜过千言万语。 In Zimbabwe, it is not uncommon to be directly asked for a gift. When one has been bought even without requesting it, the worst you can do is to refuse the offering, even if the family giving is starving. Also, gestures of thanks are preferred over verbal reciprocation. These may include jumping up and down, dancing, or whistling. 在津巴布韦，直接要礼物的情况并不少见。在没提要求而收到礼物的情况下，即使送礼方家庭极度贫困，拒绝接收也绝对是下下策。同时人们认为用动作表示感谢胜过口头答谢。表示感谢的动作可以是蹦蹦跳跳，也可以是翩翩起舞，或者吹个口哨。 来源：《英语世界》 译者：孙巧

Photo by freestocks on Unsplash In Europe, don’t accidentally cut yourself out of someone’s life. Here in the US, a set of kitchen knives seems like the perfect gift idea for a wedding or holiday. However, in certain European countries like Germany, superstition dictates that a knife presented as a gift will sever your friendship. There is a way to beat this superstition: Tie a penny to the knife or gift box. The receiver then returns the penny to you as a “payment” to nullify the bad luck. In Britain, diamonds are 60th wedding anniversary gifts. Lottery tickets are bought and exchanged here more than they are anywhere else in the world, and often make a suitable birthday gift. Though diamonds originally symbolised 75 years of married life in the UK, they are now associated with 60, as Victoria’s 60 years on the throne marked her Jubilee. At an Italian wedding, buy yourself a piece of the tie. There’s a well-known Italian wedding tradition where the groom’s tie is cut into a number of tiny pieces. Wedding guests can then “buy” these tie slices in exchange for cash. It’s a fun way to give money to the bride and groom that leaves guests with a wedding souvenir. In addition to a visit from Santa, Italian kids have their stockings filled by a fallacious witch at the end of Epiphany on January 6. Interestingly, gifts are not exchanged between or within companies, as the act is deemed a little tacky. In Russia, Vodka is not a desirable gift. Due to the way Russia was governed during the Soviet era, Russians celebrate New Year with more gusto than they do at Christmas. While Vodka might seem the most suitable gift for a Russian, a lot of them would see it as an unimaginative gesture. Many even perceive the notion as insulting. In Israel, nobody’s giving or receiving gifts. Despite the kind gesture, thank you cards and notes are not a common part of the gifting custom in Israel. Contrary to the way American Jews exchange gifts during Hanukkah, those from or residing in Israel won’t typically receive gifts from one another. In Native America, your host gives gifts rather than receive them. Native American gifting etiquette is exactly the opposite to that of any other culture. Traditionally during weddings and powwow celebrations (birthdays aren’t always recognised), guests are the receivers of gifts rather than whomever the host may be. In Japan, presentation is paramount. The Japanese place a great emphasis on the act of gift giving (it’s not unheard of to send a thank-you gift for a thank-you gift), and presentation plays a big role in determining how your gift is received. For example, it’s considered distasteful to hand off uncovered cash. So whether you’re sending money as a gift or just leaving a tip, place your money in an envelope to ensure it’s received in a respectful manner. It’s also customary to place a tight decorative knot on a wedding gift envelope, since folklore dictates that the envelope should be “impossible to open.” In China, red envelopes and even denominations bring good luck. Chinese New Year has a rich set of traditions. One of the most popular customs of this holiday is giving out money in red envelopes. Known as “yasuiqian” which means “the money used to suppress the evil spirit,” these gifts are meant to bring good luck. In addition to how you give money, there’s also superstition around the amount you give. Gifting an odd numbered amount of money is associated with the “baijin,” gifts given during funerals, and is considered bad luck. It’s important to make sure that even the first digit is even, as numbers like 30 and 50 are considered odd. In India, gifts are given with the right hand. As left hands are considered unclean in Indian culture, gestures such as touching, passing money, or giving gifts are to be done with the right hand. Contrary to some other cultures, an odd number of objects or currency denotes good luck. For example, £11 should be given as opposed to £10. In South America, sharp objects are unlucky. The majority of people from South American countries will see the offering of sharp objects as a sign that you want the relationship with them severed, so scissors and cooking knives are best avoided. On the eve of January 6 at the end of the Christmas period, Argentinian children will customarily leave their shoes by their beds to be filled with small gifts. Meanwhile in Brazil, seaside settlements will send gifts of f lowers, fruits or jewellery out to sea to honour the Goddess of Water. In Trinidad and Tobago, nobody’s too young for a gift. In Trinidad & Tobago, it’s customary to celebrate the birth of a newborn baby by placing money in its hand. This gesture conveys best wishes for the child’s healthy and prosperous upbringing. In Zimbabwe, a dance can speak a thousand words. In Zimbabwe, it is not uncommon to be directly asked for a gift. When one has been bought even without requesting it, the worst you can do is to refuse the offering, even if the family giving is starving. Also, gestures of thanks are preferred over verbal reciprocation. These may include jumping up and down, dancing, or whistling.

无论是为了某个特别的节日，还是为了表达感谢，抑或是为了让对方明白你很在乎，赠送礼物都是人类共同的习俗。各地赠礼的目的也许相近，但赠礼的传统却因国而异。在某地表示尊重的赠礼行为，在另一个地方看来则可能会被视为无礼。一起看看世界各地独一无二的赠礼传统吧。 在欧洲，别不小心与人一刀两断。 在美国，一套厨房刀具似乎是十分理想的婚礼或节日礼物。然而在某些欧洲国家，如德国，迷信让人们相信赠送刀具会割断朋友之间的友谊。打破这种迷信的办法是：在刀或礼品盒上绑一枚硬币。收礼人把硬币还给赠礼之人以示“付款”，用以抵消厄运。 在英国，60周年结婚纪念日礼物是钻石。 在英国，彩票的购买、交换比世界上任何地方都要多，而且适合作为生日礼物。原本钻石在英国象征75年婚姻生活，但由于维多利亚女王登基60年便举办了钻禧庆典，因而现在钻石代表60周年纪念。 参加意大利婚礼，给自己买片领带。 意大利婚礼上有名的传统就是把新郎的领带切成许多小片。婚礼来宾通过“购买”这些领带片，交换现金给新人。这种有趣的方式让宾客得到婚礼纪念品，又给新郎新娘随了礼金。意大利的小朋友除了受到圣诞老人的眷顾外，在1月6日主显节结束时，还会收到巫女装进他们袜子里的礼物。有趣的是，公司之间或公司内部不会互赠礼物，因为人们认为这种行为有点俗气。 在俄罗斯，伏特加酒并不是称心的礼物。 受苏联时期统治方式影响，与圣诞节相比俄罗斯人更乐于庆祝新年。也许伏特加看起来是最适合俄罗斯人的礼物，可实际上在很多俄罗斯人看来这是没创意的礼物。许多人甚至会认为送伏特加酒这一想法就是无礼的。 在以色列，没人送礼物，也没人收礼物。 尽管有送礼物这种善意的举动，但感谢卡和感谢便条在以色列赠礼传统中并不常见。与美国犹太人在光明节互换礼物不同，来自以色列或在以色列居住的犹太人通常不会互换礼物。 在印第安人中，主人赠送礼物，而不是接收礼物。 印第安人的赠礼礼节与任何其他文化都相反。按照传统，在婚礼和预祝仪式上（生日不算在内），其他文化中是主人接收礼物，而印第安文化中则为来宾接收礼物。 在日本，赠礼方式至关重要。 日本人非常重视赠礼（因收到感谢礼物而又赠出感谢礼物也不足为奇），而赠礼方式直接影响礼物的接收。举例来说，赠送无包装的现金会令人不快。那么，无论用作礼物还是支付小费的现金都要装进信封，保证收礼物的人受到尊重。按照惯例，人们会在新婚礼物的信封上打个装饰死结，因为民间传说新婚礼物的信封应该“打不开”。 在中国，红包和双数会带来好运。 中国新年有一整套丰富的传统。节日里最流行的习俗就是赠送装在红色信封里的钱，这叫作“压岁钱”，是“用来镇恶驱邪的钱”，是要带来好运的。除了送钱的方式，对礼金的金额也有迷信。单数金额跟“白金”（葬礼上的礼金）相联系，被视为厄运。哪怕是礼金的第一位数都一定要保证是双数，像30和50都被视为单数。 在印度，用右手送礼物。 印度文化认为左手不干净，像接触、传递钱物或赠送礼物都要用右手。与某些文化不同，印度文化视单数的物件或钱为吉利。例如，11镑比10 镑好。 在南美，锋利的物件不吉利。 南美洲国家的大部分人认为赠送锋利尖锐的物件是想断绝关系的标志，所以送礼物最好避免赠送剪刀和厨刀。圣诞节节期最后一天1月6日前夕，阿根廷的孩子们通常会把鞋留在床边，等着装满小礼物。在巴西，海边的居民会把鲜花、水果或珠宝撒向大海以祭水神。 在特立尼达和多巴哥，年龄再小都能收礼物。 在特立尼达和多巴哥，人们习惯把钱放在新生儿手里来庆祝孩子的出生。这种做法表达了对孩子健康茁壮成长的美好祝愿。 在津巴布韦，舞蹈胜过千言万语。 在津巴布韦，直接要礼物的情况并不少见。在没提要求而收到礼物的情况下，即使送礼方家庭极度贫困，拒绝接收也绝对是下下策。同时人们认为用动作表示感谢胜过口头答谢。表示感谢的动作可以是蹦蹦跳跳，也可以是翩翩起舞，或者吹个口哨。 来源：《英语世界》 译者：孙巧

Photo by Jason Toevs from Pexels While not everyone will have pondered the subject while staring out of the window during a flight, the question as to why aeroplanes have circular windows rather than square ones is interesting. 虽然不是每个人都会在飞行中凝视窗外的时候思索一个问题：为什么舷窗是圆形的而不是方形的。但这个问题很有趣。 Over the years, aerospace engineering has made huge leaps in aeroplane technology, meaning planes can carry more passengers and go faster. The planes have also changed shape to increase safety – including the windows. 多年来，航空航天工程在飞机技术上取得了巨大的飞跃，这意味着飞机可以运载更多的乘客，飞行速度更快。同时，为了提高飞机的安全性，飞机在外形上也做出了相应的改变。舷窗，便是变化之一。 In the 1950s, when jetliners were starting to become mainstream, the De Havilland Comet[1] came into fashion. With a pressurized cabin, it was able to go higher and faster than other aircraft. 20世纪50年代，喷气式客机开始成为主流，德·哈维兰“彗星”客机便是当时的主要机型。增压座舱的诞生使得喷气式飞机可以比其他飞机飞得更高更快。 [1] 德·哈维兰“彗星”客机，由英国哈维兰公司研发，于1949年出厂的喷气民航客机，是世界上第一种以喷气发动机为动力的民航客机。 However, the plane had square windows and in 1953 two planes fell apart in the air, killing 56 people in total. 然而，该机型舷窗是方形的，1953年，该机型两架客机在空中解体，共造成56人死亡。 The reason for the crashes? The windows. 悲剧发生的原因是什么？答案是：舷窗。 Where there’s a corner, there’s a weak spot. Windows, having four corners, have four potential weak spots, making them likely to crash under stress – such as air pressure. 哪里有拐角，哪里就有弱点。方形舷窗有四个角，就有着四个潜在的薄弱点，使它们很可能在压力作用下破裂，比如大气压力。 By curving the window, the stress that would eventually crack the window corner is distributed and the likelihood of it breaking is reduced. 因此，让窗缘线条弯曲，来分散窗口四角的压力，从而降低了窗户破碎的可能性。 来源： 英语世界 作者：莫丽·古德费勒 翻译：吴漪妮

Photo by Jason Toevs from Pexels While not everyone will have pondered the subject while staring out of the window during a flight, the question as to why aeroplanes have circular windows rather than square ones is interesting. Over the years, aerospace engineering has made huge leaps in aeroplane technology, meaning planes can carry more passengers and go faster. The planes have also changed shape to increase safety – including the windows. In the 1950s, when jetliners were starting to become mainstream, the De Havilland Comet[1] came into fashion. With a pressurized cabin, it was able to go higher and faster than other aircraft. However, the plane had square windows and in 1953 two planes fell apart in the air, killing 56 people in total. The reason for the crashes? The windows. Where there’s a corner, there’s a weak spot. Windows, having four corners, have four potential weak spots, making them likely to crash under stress – such as air pressure. By curving the window, the stress that would eventually crack the window corner is distributed and the likelihood of it breaking is reduced.

虽然不是每个人都会在飞行中凝视窗外的时候思索一个问题：为什么舷窗是圆形的而不是方形的。但这个问题很有趣。 多年来，航空航天工程在飞机技术上取得了巨大的飞跃，这意味着飞机可以运载更多的乘客，飞行速度更快。同时，为了提高飞机的安全性，飞机在外形上也做出了相应的改变。舷窗，便是变化之一。 20世纪50年代，喷气式客机开始成为主流，德·哈维兰“彗星”客机便是当时的主要机型。增压座舱的诞生使得喷气式飞机可以比其他飞机飞得更高更快。 [1] 德·哈维兰“彗星”客机，由英国哈维兰公司研发，于1949年出厂的喷气民航客机，是世界上第一种以喷气发动机为动力的民航客机。 然而，该机型舷窗是方形的，1953年，该机型两架客机在空中解体，共造成56人死亡。 悲剧发生的原因是什么？答案是：舷窗。 哪里有拐角，哪里就有弱点。方形舷窗有四个角，就有着四个潜在的薄弱点，使它们很可能在压力作用下破裂，比如大气压力。 因此，让窗缘线条弯曲，来分散窗口四角的压力，从而降低了窗户破碎的可能性。 来源： 英语世界 作者：莫丽·古德费勒 翻译：吴漪妮

前段时间电视剧《三十而已》持续刷屏。除了晒包，贵妇们聚在一起，最经常做的就是喝喝下午茶，聊聊天~ 例如，顾佳与王太太“品茶”的名场面。她一语道破low tea和high tea[1]的区别，让强撑姿态的王太太好不尴尬。 [1] high tea 高茶，黄昏时吃的正式茶点，与简单的晚餐相似，通常有一道热菜（或三明治）和一壶茶，在英格兰北部和苏格兰尤为流行。 不过，下午茶并不是贵妇们的专属消费。近年来，越来越多的小姐妹也约起了下午茶，它成为展现生活格调的一种方式。 但下午茶的讲究也很多，要想搞清楚下午茶的正确打开方式，我们先要区分的是“茶饮”和“茶餐”两个概念。在英语中这两个词都可以用tea表示，因此容易弄混。 “茶饮”和“茶餐” Tea the drink 茶饮 There are two forms of tea that often cause confusion in the tea world: tea the drink and tea the meal. Tea the drink is made from the Camellia Sinensis plant and from the processing of the plant white, green, oolong, and black teas are produced. The basic teas are also often blended with other plants like vanilla, mint and melon as well as flavors like Oil of Bergamot to make Earl Grey Tea. 在茶界，有两种形式的茶时常引起混淆：一为“茶饮”，一为“茶餐”。“茶饮”是由山茶属植物制成的，这些植物经过加工制成白茶、绿茶、乌龙茶和红茶。这几种基础茶还常与香草、薄荷、甜瓜等植物以及佛手柑油等香料混合，制成伯爵茶。 The beverage is made by steeping[2] processed leaves, buds, or twigs of the tea bush in hot water for a few minutes. The processing can include oxidation, heating, drying, and the addition of other herbs, flowers, spices, and fruits. 茶饮就是将加工过的茶叶、芽头或嫩枝浸泡到热水中制成的饮品。茶的加工处理包括氧化、加热、干燥以及添加其他药草、花卉、香料和水果。 [2] steep 浸泡。 The term “herbal tea” usually refers to infusions[3] of fruit or of herbs (such as rosehip, chamomile, or jiaogulan) that contain no Camellia Sinensis. “花果茶”通常指用水果或药草（比如玫瑰果、甘菊或绞股蓝）冲泡而成的饮品，不含山茶属植物。 [3] infusion 泡制。 Tea the meal 茶餐 Tea the meal on the other hand involves tea the drink as an important part but really is directed toward social and family gatherings where tea and food are often consumed together. 说到“茶餐”，茶饮是其重要组成部分，真正的茶餐是指边喝茶边用餐的社交和家庭聚会。 Generally speaking, the tea meal became most popular and refined in England but spread to English speaking countries or former English colonies as well. Tea meals are also celebrated in other countries in differing forms. 一般而言，茶餐在英国最为普及，也最为讲究，但也传播至英语国家或前英属殖民地。其他国家也有不同形式的茶餐。 “下午茶”、“高茶”和“晚点”有什么区别 而茶餐又分为“下午茶”、“高茶”和“晚点”，区分不同茶餐的关键是供应时段、餐品和场所。 Afternoon tea 下午茶 Afternoon tea (or Low tea) is a light meal typically eaten at 4:00 pm. It originated in Britain, though various places in the former British Empire also have such a meal. However, most Britons no longer eat such a meal. “下午茶（或低茶）”特指下午4点用的简餐。它起源于英国，而前大英帝国的不同属地也有这种简餐。但现在，大多数英国人都不再吃这一餐。 Traditionally, loose tea would be served in a teapot with milk and sugar. This would be accompanied by various sandwiches (customarily cucumber, egg and cress[4], tuna, ham, and smoked salmon), scones[5] (with butter, clotted cream[6] and jam) and usually cakes and pastries. Traditionally the tea and food would be served on a lounge[7] (or low) table. 传统做法是将散茶冲泡在茶壶中，与牛奶和砂糖一并提供。同时还会配以各种各样的三明治（通常会有黄瓜、水芥鸡蛋、金枪鱼、火腿和烟熏三文鱼）、松饼（抹上黄油、浓缩奶油和果酱）以及一般都会有的蛋糕和油酥点心。这些茶水和食物从前都是放在客厅茶几（矮脚桌）上面。 [4] cress 水芥（常放在沙拉和三明治中食用）。 [5] scone 司康饼，也叫英式松饼。 [6] clotted cream 〈英〉（用文火把牛奶加热而成的）浓缩奶油。产于英国西南部的德文郡（Devonshire）的最好，口感细腻，因而又称“德文郡奶油”。clot（使乳脂）凝结成块。 [7] lounge （私宅中的）起居室。 While afternoon tea used to be an everyday event, nowadays it is more likely to be a treat in a hotel, café, or tea shop, although many Britons still have a cup of tea and slice of cake or chocolate at teatime. Accordingly, many hotels now market and promote afternoon teas. 虽然下午茶在过去很日常，但如今更多在酒店、咖啡馆或茶坊才能享用到。不过很多英国人还会在下午茶时间喝一杯茶、吃块蛋糕或巧克力。于是，现在很多酒店都有下午茶的推广促销活动。 High tea 高茶 To the uninitiated[8] “high tea” may be a confusing term. 对于外行，“高茶”这个词可能让人摸不着头脑。 [8] uninitiated 无专门知识（或经验）的人。 High tea is an early evening meal, typically eaten between 5:00 and 6:00 pm. It would be eaten as a substitute for both afternoon tea and the evening meal. The term comes from the meal being eaten at the ‘high’ (main) table, instead of the smaller lounge (low) table. It is now largely replaced by the later meal tea. “高茶”指傍晚时分所用的餐点，特指下午5点至6点的用餐。高茶可以代替下午茶和晚餐。人们在“高”（主）桌上用餐，而不是在较小的客厅茶几（矮脚桌）上，“高茶”由此得名。如今，高茶基本上被晚些时候的那顿茶餐代替了。 It would usually consist of cold meats, eggs and/or fish, cakes and sandwiches. In a family, it tended to be less formal and is an informal snack (featuring sandwiches, cookies, pastry, fruit and the like) or else it is the main evening meal. 高茶一般会有盘肉、鸡蛋和/或鱼、蛋糕以及三明治。在家里，高茶没有那么正式讲究，可以是随意的小食（有三明治、曲奇、油酥点心、水果等），也可以是晚上正餐。 On farms, in rural areas or other working class environments, high tea would be the traditional, substantial meal eaten by workers immediately after nightfall, and would combine afternoon tea with the main evening meal. 而如果是在农场、农村地区或其他工薪阶层出入的地方，高茶往往指工人们在傍晚食用的那顿传统丰盛的餐点，把下午茶和晚上正餐合到了一起。 In recent years, “high tea” somehow became a word for exquisite afternoon tea. Such usage is incorrect. High tea is not, in traditional terms, afternoon tea. 近些年，“高茶”不知怎么变成了“精致下午茶”的代名词，这样的用法是错误的。传统上，“高茶”不是“下午茶”。 Main evening meal 晚点 Tea is the main evening meal, even if the diners are not drinking tea. It is traditionally eaten at 5 o’clock in the evening, though often it is later, as late as 9pm. Tea在英文里也表示晚间正餐，即使用餐者并不饮茶。传统上是在17点用餐，但通常会更晚，最晚到21点。 In many rural parts of the United Kingdom tea as a meal is synonymous with dinner in standard English. Under such usage, the midday meal is sometimes termed dinner, rather than lunch. 在英国很多农村地区，tea（茶餐）在标准英语中等同于dinner（晚餐）。依此用法，午时用的饭（midday meal）有时就被称为dinner，而非lunch。 High tea不等于“高级下午茶” 在美国，“高茶”一词有时会用来指茶会（一种非常正式和讲究的聚会，在优雅的环境里摆上茶水、薄切三明治和小蛋糕）。这种用法是因为人们错把high（高）字理解成了formal（正式）的意思。 This form of tea is increasingly served in high-end US hotels, often during the winter holidays and other tourist seasons, and many big-city teahouses, where it is usually correctly described as “afternoon tea”. 越来越多的美国高端酒店（常常在冬季的节期和其他旅游旺季）和美国大城市的茶坊会提供高茶。在这些地方，这种茶通常被称为“下午茶”，而这种叫法才是正确的。 来源：英语世界 作者：马库斯·斯托特 陈颖 [译] 编审：Jade 丹妮

Tea the drink There are two forms of tea that often cause confusion in the tea world: tea the drink and tea the meal. Tea the drink is made from the Camellia Sinensis plant and from the processing of the plant white, green, oolong, and black teas are produced. The basic teas are also often blended with other plants like vanilla, mint and melon as well as flavors like Oil of Bergamot to make Earl Grey Tea. The beverage is made by steeping[2] processed leaves, buds, or twigs of the tea bush in hot water for a few minutes. The processing can include oxidation, heating, drying, and the addition of other herbs, flowers, spices, and fruits. The term “herbal tea” usually refers to infusions[3] of fruit or of herbs (such as rosehip, chamomile, or jiaogulan) that contain no Camellia Sinensis. Tea the meal Tea the meal on the other hand involves tea the drink as an important part but really is directed toward social and family gatherings where tea and food are often consumed together. Generally speaking, the tea meal became most popular and refined in England but spread to English speaking countries or former English colonies as well. Tea meals are also celebrated in other countries in differing forms. Afternoon tea Afternoon tea (or Low tea) is a light meal typically eaten at 4:00 pm. It originated in Britain, though various places in the former British Empire also have such a meal. However, most Britons no longer eat such a meal. Traditionally, loose tea would be served in a teapot with milk and sugar. This would be accompanied by various sandwiches (customarily cucumber, egg and cress[4], tuna, ham, and smoked salmon), scones[5] (with butter, clotted cream[6] and jam) and usually cakes and pastries. Traditionally the tea and food would be served on a lounge[7] (or low) table. High tea To the uninitiated[8] “high tea” may be a confusing term. High tea is an early evening meal, typically eaten between 5:00 and 6:00 pm. It would be eaten as a substitute for both afternoon tea and the evening meal. The term comes from the meal being eaten at the ‘high’ (main) table, instead of the smaller lounge (low) table. It is now largely replaced by the later meal tea. It would usually consist of cold meats, eggs and/or fish, cakes and sandwiches. In a family, it tended to be less formal and is an informal snack (featuring sandwiches, cookies, pastry, fruit and the like) or else it is the main evening meal. On farms, in rural areas or other working class environments, high tea would be the traditional, substantial meal eaten by workers immediately after nightfall, and would combine afternoon tea with the main evening meal. In recent years, “high tea” somehow became a word for exquisite afternoon tea. Such usage is incorrect. High tea is not, in traditional terms, afternoon tea. Main evening meal Tea is the main evening meal, even if the diners are not drinking tea. It is traditionally eaten at 5 o’clock in the evening, though often it is later, as late as 9pm. In many rural parts of the United Kingdom tea as a meal is synonymous with dinner in standard English. Under such usage, the midday meal is sometimes termed dinner, rather than lunch. This form of tea is increasingly served in high-end US hotels, often during the winter holidays and other tourist seasons, and many big-city teahouses, where it is usually correctly described as “afternoon tea”.

前段时间电视剧《三十而已》持续刷屏。除了晒包，贵妇们聚在一起，最经常做的就是喝喝下午茶，聊聊天~ 例如，顾佳与王太太“品茶”的名场面。她一语道破low tea和high tea[1]的区别，让强撑姿态的王太太好不尴尬。 [1] high tea 高茶，黄昏时吃的正式茶点，与简单的晚餐相似，通常有一道热菜（或三明治）和一壶茶，在英格兰北部和苏格兰尤为流行。 不过，下午茶并不是贵妇们的专属消费。近年来，越来越多的小姐妹也约起了下午茶，它成为展现生活格调的一种方式。 但下午茶的讲究也很多，要想搞清楚下午茶的正确打开方式，我们先要区分的是“茶饮”和“茶餐”两个概念。在英语中这两个词都可以用tea表示，因此容易弄混。 “茶饮”和“茶餐” 茶饮 在茶界，有两种形式的茶时常引起混淆：一为“茶饮”，一为“茶餐”。“茶饮”是由山茶属植物制成的，这些植物经过加工制成白茶、绿茶、乌龙茶和红茶。这几种基础茶还常与香草、薄荷、甜瓜等植物以及佛手柑油等香料混合，制成伯爵茶。 茶饮就是将加工过的茶叶、芽头或嫩枝浸泡到热水中制成的饮品。茶的加工处理包括氧化、加热、干燥以及添加其他药草、花卉、香料和水果。 [2] steep 浸泡。 “花果茶”通常指用水果或药草（比如玫瑰果、甘菊或绞股蓝）冲泡而成的饮品，不含山茶属植物。 [3] infusion 泡制。 茶餐 说到“茶餐”，茶饮是其重要组成部分，真正的茶餐是指边喝茶边用餐的社交和家庭聚会。 一般而言，茶餐在英国最为普及，也最为讲究，但也传播至英语国家或前英属殖民地。其他国家也有不同形式的茶餐。 “下午茶”、“高茶”和“晚点”有什么区别 而茶餐又分为“下午茶”、“高茶”和“晚点”，区分不同茶餐的关键是供应时段、餐品和场所。 下午茶 “下午茶（或低茶）”特指下午4点用的简餐。它起源于英国，而前大英帝国的不同属地也有这种简餐。但现在，大多数英国人都不再吃这一餐。 传统做法是将散茶冲泡在茶壶中，与牛奶和砂糖一并提供。同时还会配以各种各样的三明治（通常会有黄瓜、水芥鸡蛋、金枪鱼、火腿和烟熏三文鱼）、松饼（抹上黄油、浓缩奶油和果酱）以及一般都会有的蛋糕和油酥点心。这些茶水和食物从前都是放在客厅茶几（矮脚桌）上面。 [4] cress 水芥（常放在沙拉和三明治中食用）。 [5] scone 司康饼，也叫英式松饼。 [6] clotted cream 〈英〉（用文火把牛奶加热而成的）浓缩奶油。产于英国西南部的德文郡（Devonshire）的最好，口感细腻，因而又称“德文郡奶油”。clot（使乳脂）凝结成块。 [7] lounge （私宅中的）起居室。 While afternoon tea used to be an everyday event, nowadays it is more likely to be a treat in a hotel, café, or tea shop, although many Britons still have a cup of tea and slice of cake or chocolate at teatime. Accordingly, many hotels now market and promote afternoon teas. 虽然下午茶在过去很日常，但如今更多在酒店、咖啡馆或茶坊才能享用到。不过很多英国人还会在下午茶时间喝一杯茶、吃块蛋糕或巧克力。于是，现在很多酒店都有下午茶的推广促销活动。 高茶 对于外行，“高茶”这个词可能让人摸不着头脑。 [8] uninitiated 无专门知识（或经验）的人。 “高茶”指傍晚时分所用的餐点，特指下午5点至6点的用餐。高茶可以代替下午茶和晚餐。人们在“高”（主）桌上用餐，而不是在较小的客厅茶几（矮脚桌）上，“高茶”由此得名。如今，高茶基本上被晚些时候的那顿茶餐代替了。 高茶一般会有盘肉、鸡蛋和/或鱼、蛋糕以及三明治。在家里，高茶没有那么正式讲究，可以是随意的小食（有三明治、曲奇、油酥点心、水果等），也可以是晚上正餐。 而如果是在农场、农村地区或其他工薪阶层出入的地方，高茶往往指工人们在傍晚食用的那顿传统丰盛的餐点，把下午茶和晚上正餐合到了一起。 近些年，“高茶”不知怎么变成了“精致下午茶”的代名词，这样的用法是错误的。传统上，“高茶”不是“下午茶”。 晚点 Tea在英文里也表示晚间正餐，即使用餐者并不饮茶。传统上是在17点用餐，但通常会更晚，最晚到21点。 在英国很多农村地区，tea（茶餐）在标准英语中等同于dinner（晚餐）。依此用法，午时用的饭（midday meal）有时就被称为dinner，而非lunch。 High tea不等于“高级下午茶” 在美国，“高茶”一词有时会用来指茶会（一种非常正式和讲究的聚会，在优雅的环境里摆上茶水、薄切三明治和小蛋糕）。这种用法是因为人们错把high（高）字理解成了formal（正式）的意思。 越来越多的美国高端酒店（常常在冬季的节期和其他旅游旺季）和美国大城市的茶坊会提供高茶。在这些地方，这种茶通常被称为“下午茶”，而这种叫法才是正确的。 来源：英语世界 作者：马库斯·斯托特 陈颖 [译] 编审：Jade 丹妮

近日，英国一家飞机租赁公司透露，由于英格兰准备实施二次封锁，一些富人提前预定私人飞机准备趁封锁前离开英国，前往他们在欧洲大陆的其他住所。 A private jet descends before landing at the Pulkovo Airport, in Saint Petersburg, Russia, March 6, 2020. Picture taken March 6, 2020. REUTERS/Marina Lystseva Wealthy people in England were booking private jets to escape the lockdown set to be introduced on Thursday, according to jet brokers. 根据飞机经纪公司的消息，英格兰的富人们纷纷预定私人飞机以逃离本周四（11月5日）开始实行的封锁。 Air Partner, one of the biggest aircraft charter firms, said there had been a “sharp rise” in private jet bookings “out of the country before Thursday”, as people look to avoid the lockdown and instead spend the time overseas. 最大的飞机租赁公司之一航空伙伴称，由于人们想去国外避开封锁，“周四前”预定私人飞机出国的订单量“激增”。 The company, which supplies planes to Premier League footballers, celebrities, the royal family and six out of the eight governments in the G8, said it had been overwhelmed with enquiries from wealthy people seeking to escape the UK for second homes overseas. 这家公司向英超球员、名人、王室成员和八国集团中的6国政府提供飞机。该公司称，想要逃离英国前往海外住宅的富人们的咨询让他们应接不暇。 "Many of these flight enquiries are for individuals wishing to go to their second homes in Europe, with the Canary Islands, which are still warm at this time of year, being the most sought-after destination,” the company said in a statement. “We do expect to continue to see some demand for private jet flights during the rest of the month for business travel, particularly as many commercial flights become grounded and unavailable.” 该公司在一份声明中说：“许多查询飞机服务的都是想去欧洲第二住所的人，现在这个时候依然温暖的加那利群岛是最热门的目的地。我们预期这个月一些商务旅行人士还会对私人飞机有需求，尤其是在许多商业航班都被叫停、无法预订的情况下。” The new lockdown in England, which has come into force on Thursday, will ban residents in England from travelling abroad except for essential work until at least 2 December. 英格兰的新一轮封锁于本周四实行，除以重要工作为目的外，英格兰居民被禁止出国旅行，封锁时间至少持续到12月2日。 Commercial airlines have dramatically reduced their flight schedules in anticipation of an even greater fall in demand for international travel, which has been moribund since the pandemic began. 由于预期跨国旅行需求量将进一步暴跌，商业航空公司已经大幅缩减了航班。自从疫情暴发以来，跨国航班基本处于停滞状态。 moribund [ˈmɔːrɪbʌnd]: adj. 垂死的；停滞不前的 However, private jet operators have reported a much smaller decline in bookings. The operators say this is because the richest of the rich have continued to travel as much as before. In addition, more moderately wealthy people are seeking out private jets as they view it as a safer way to travel during the pandemic because it avoids potentially crowded commercial planes and airport terminals. 但是，私人飞机运营商报告称其预定量的降幅要小得多。运营商表示，这是因为最富的那群人的旅行数量和以往差不多。此外，一般的有钱人选择私人飞机是因为他们将其视为疫情期间更安全的旅行方式，可以避免商业飞机和航站楼拥挤的人群。 Private jet operators also reported a rise in bookings ahead of the first UK-wide lockdown in March. Private jet companies also marketed “evacuation flights” out of countries badly hit by the virus. 私人飞机运营商还报告称，三月份在英国实施首次全国封锁之前，预定量也有所上升。私人飞机公司还针对受疫情重创的国家进行“撤离航班”营销。 The number of private flights dipped by just 10% between 1 September and 15 October compared with last year, according to aviation consultancy WINGX. That compares to a more than 50% drop in scheduled commercial flights. 根据航空咨询公司WINGX的数据，私人飞机的航班数量在9月1日至10月15日期间同比仅下降了10%。相比之下，商业航班预订量下降了逾50%。 Richard Koe, managing director of WINGX said: “The advantages of flying private, notably hygiene-control and convenience, should continue to draw some customers from the airlines.” WINGX公司总经理理查德·高说：“私人飞机的优势显然是卫生管控和便利性，这一优势将继续从航空公司那里抢走客户。” Oliver Stone, managing director of private jet brokerage firm Colibri Aircraft, said: “Covid-19 has also resulted in an increase in enquiries from potential first-time buyers of business aircraft as the crisis has helped raise the profile and benefits of flying privately amongst those who can afford to do this. 私人飞机经纪公司Colibri Aircraft的总经理奥利弗·斯通表示：“新冠疫情还导致有意初次购买商业飞机的问询量增加，因为在那些能够负担这一费用的人心中，这一危机使得乘坐私人飞机的地位和益处得到提升。” "For many business owners and executives, travel is a necessary component to keep their business running. The use of private aviation is now often the only way to continue to travel and keep their companies operational.” “对于许多企业老板和高管来说，出行是保持企业运转的必要组成部分。乘坐私人飞机如今往往是继续出行、保持公司运转的唯一方式。” Private jets emit about 20 times more carbon dioxide per passenger mile than commercial flights, according to industry data. 行业数据显示，乘坐私人飞机的二氧化碳每客位英里排放量比乘坐商业航班高出约20倍。 英文来源：卫报 翻译&编辑：丹妮

A private jet descends before landing at the Pulkovo Airport, in Saint Petersburg, Russia, March 6, 2020. Picture taken March 6, 2020. REUTERS/Marina Lystseva Wealthy people in England were booking private jets to escape the lockdown set to be introduced on Thursday, according to jet brokers. Air Partner, one of the biggest aircraft charter firms, said there had been a “sharp rise” in private jet bookings “out of the country before Thursday”, as people look to avoid the lockdown and instead spend the time overseas. The company, which supplies planes to Premier League footballers, celebrities, the royal family and six out of the eight governments in the G8, said it had been overwhelmed with enquiries from wealthy people seeking to escape the UK for second homes overseas. "Many of these flight enquiries are for individuals wishing to go to their second homes in Europe, with the Canary Islands, which are still warm at this time of year, being the most sought-after destination,” the company said in a statement. “We do expect to continue to see some demand for private jet flights during the rest of the month for business travel, particularly as many commercial flights become grounded and unavailable.” The new lockdown in England, which has come into force on Thursday, will ban residents in England from travelling abroad except for essential work until at least 2 December. Commercial airlines have dramatically reduced their flight schedules in anticipation of an even greater fall in demand for international travel, which has been moribund since the pandemic began. However, private jet operators have reported a much smaller decline in bookings. The operators say this is because the richest of the rich have continued to travel as much as before. In addition, more moderately wealthy people are seeking out private jets as they view it as a safer way to travel during the pandemic because it avoids potentially crowded commercial planes and airport terminals. Private jet operators also reported a rise in bookings ahead of the first UK-wide lockdown in March. Private jet companies also marketed “evacuation flights” out of countries badly hit by the virus. The number of private flights dipped by just 10% between 1 September and 15 October compared with last year, according to aviation consultancy WINGX. That compares to a more than 50% drop in scheduled commercial flights. Richard Koe, managing director of WINGX said: “The advantages of flying private, notably hygiene-control and convenience, should continue to draw some customers from the airlines.” Oliver Stone, managing director of private jet brokerage firm Colibri Aircraft, said: “Covid-19 has also resulted in an increase in enquiries from potential first-time buyers of business aircraft as the crisis has helped raise the profile and benefits of flying privately amongst those who can afford to do this. "For many business owners and executives, travel is a necessary component to keep their business running. The use of private aviation is now often the only way to continue to travel and keep their companies operational.” Private jets emit about 20 times more carbon dioxide per passenger mile than commercial flights, according to industry data.

近日，英国一家飞机租赁公司透露，由于英格兰准备实施二次封锁，一些富人提前预定私人飞机准备趁封锁前离开英国，前往他们在欧洲大陆的其他住所。 根据飞机经纪公司的消息，英格兰的富人们纷纷预定私人飞机以逃离本周四（11月5日）开始实行的封锁。 最大的飞机租赁公司之一航空伙伴称，由于人们想去国外避开封锁，“周四前”预定私人飞机出国的订单量“激增”。 这家公司向英超球员、名人、王室成员和八国集团中的6国政府提供飞机。该公司称，想要逃离英国前往海外住宅的富人们的咨询让他们应接不暇。 该公司在一份声明中说：“许多查询飞机服务的都是想去欧洲第二住所的人，现在这个时候依然温暖的加那利群岛是最热门的目的地。我们预期这个月一些商务旅行人士还会对私人飞机有需求，尤其是在许多商业航班都被叫停、无法预订的情况下。” 英格兰的新一轮封锁于本周四实行，除以重要工作为目的外，英格兰居民被禁止出国旅行，封锁时间至少持续到12月2日。 由于预期跨国旅行需求量将进一步暴跌，商业航空公司已经大幅缩减了航班。自从疫情暴发以来，跨国航班基本处于停滞状态。 moribund [ˈmɔːrɪbʌnd]: adj. 垂死的；停滞不前的 但是，私人飞机运营商报告称其预定量的降幅要小得多。运营商表示，这是因为最富的那群人的旅行数量和以往差不多。此外，一般的有钱人选择私人飞机是因为他们将其视为疫情期间更安全的旅行方式，可以避免商业飞机和航站楼拥挤的人群。 私人飞机运营商还报告称，三月份在英国实施首次全国封锁之前，预定量也有所上升。私人飞机公司还针对受疫情重创的国家进行“撤离航班”营销。 根据航空咨询公司WINGX的数据，私人飞机的航班数量在9月1日至10月15日期间同比仅下降了10%。相比之下，商业航班预订量下降了逾50%。 WINGX公司总经理理查德·高说：“私人飞机的优势显然是卫生管控和便利性，这一优势将继续从航空公司那里抢走客户。” 私人飞机经纪公司Colibri Aircraft的总经理奥利弗·斯通表示：“新冠疫情还导致有意初次购买商业飞机的问询量增加，因为在那些能够负担这一费用的人心中，这一危机使得乘坐私人飞机的地位和益处得到提升。” “对于许多企业老板和高管来说，出行是保持企业运转的必要组成部分。乘坐私人飞机如今往往是继续出行、保持公司运转的唯一方式。” 行业数据显示，乘坐私人飞机的二氧化碳每客位英里排放量比乘坐商业航班高出约20倍。 英文来源：卫报 翻译&编辑：丹妮

年轻的单身人士的财务规划面临着一些独特的挑战。无论你是一直单身，还是刚分手或离婚，在理财时需要铭记一点，你就是自己唯一的收入来源。你仍然有账单要付，你需要确保自己在没有伴侣可以依赖的时候利用好现有资金。下面来听听专家是如何建议的： 1. Start Planning for Retirement 开始为退休做计划 The first thing you should do is plan for retirement. Contributing early and regularly means that you can get by with contributing a lower overall percentage of your income and you do not need to worry about catching up later. 你应该做的第一件事是为退休做打算。提前定期缴纳养老金意味着你缴纳较低的总收入百分比就可以了，而且，你也不需要担心以后需要高额补交。 It makes sense to plan as though you are going to be responsible for your retirement on your own. This allows you to save enough and will leave you prepared. It may help you to be able to retire early. 明智的做法是你要按照自己退休养老的打算去做计划。这样可以让你存够钱并且做好准备。还可能有助于你能够提前退休。 2.Create a Financial Plan 制定财务计划 A financial plan can include everything from your career plan to your retirement plan. If that feels like too much start out with a five-year plan. Where do you want to be in five years? What do you need to do financially to get there? 财务计划可以包括从职业规划到退休计划的所有内容。如果这感觉太多了，就从五年计划开始。五年后你想去哪里？为了达到这个目标，你需要在经济上做些什么？ Then break it down into yearly and monthly goals and steps. Be sure to include long-term goals like retirement as part of your plan. This may include going back to school to get your education to help with your next career goal. 然后把它分解成每年和每月的目标和步骤。一定要把退休等长期目标纳入计划的一部分。这可能包括回到学校接受教育以帮助你实现下一个职业目标。 3. Focus on Climbing the Career Ladder 专注于事业发展 Now is a great time to focus on the career ladder. It takes time and hard work to move up. Make clear goals and determine what you need to do to reach them. 现在是一个专注于事业发展的好时机。晋升需要时间和努力。制定明确的目标，然后确定你需要做些什么来实现它们。 It may mean switching companies, moving to another city or going back to school. It may mean that you do side work or create a professional network and find a mentor to help you reach that goal. 这可能意味着换公司，搬到另一个城市或回到学校。这可能意味着你要做兼职工作，或者建立一个职业关系网，然后找一个导师来帮助你实现这个目标。 Break down the steps for the career path you want to take and start taking them. It is okay to switch directions at some point and choose to go a new direction if you find a better fit for you. 列出你想走的职业道路的步骤，并开始实施。如果你找到一个更适合自己的方向，在有些时候改变方向去选择一条新的道路是可以的。 Dreams can change, but the key is to keep moving forward toward that dream. 梦想可以改变，但关键是要继续朝着梦想前进。 4.Make Sure You Are Budgeting 确保你有做预算 Budgeting is one of the biggest tools to managing your money properly. 做预算是正确管理资金的最好工具之一。 When you are single, it is easy to justify not creating a budget. Your expenses are straightforward and if you pay your bills what does it matter when and how you spend your money? 当你单身的时候，不做预算是很容易的。你的开销很简单，如果你付了账单，那么什么时候、怎样花钱又有什么关系呢? However, your budget can help you find areas you can cut back on spending to put more money toward savings or debt. 然而，你的预算可以帮助你找到可以削减开支的领域，把更多的钱用于储蓄或债务。 Make your income a tool, and budget effectively. This does not mean you should not have fun, but determine how much you can afford to spend while working on your financial plan and stick to that amount. 让你的收入成为一种工具，并有效地进行预算。这并不是说你不应该找乐子，而是要在制定财务计划时决定你能负担得起的开支，并坚持这个数额。 5. Make Sure You Have the Right Insurance 确保你有合适的保险 Insurance is there to protect you. It can be frustrating to see your income going to insurance each month, but it is there to protect you. 保险就是为了保护你的。看到你每个月的收入都有一部分要用于保险是不开心，但它确实是为了保护你。 When you are a single, short-term and long-term disability insurance can be a life saver, especially if you do not have an emergency fund saved up. 当你是单身的时候，短期和长期的伤残保险可以拯救你的生命，特别是如果你没有准备应急基金的话。 6.Build Your Emergency Fund 建立应急基金 An emergency fund is essential if you are single. It can be the thing that save you from being homeless if you were to suddenly lose your job. 如果你是单身，应急基金是必不可少的。如果你突然失业，这可能会让你免于无家可归。 It can help cover unexpected expenses and take the worry and weight off. 它可以帮助支付意想不到的费用，减轻忧虑和压力。 For people living on one income, a year's worth of expense is a good goal. This will give you time to find a new job without too much pressure. 对于只靠单一收入维持生活的人来说，一年的花费是一个很好的应急基金目标。这会给你时间去找一份新工作，不会有太大压力。 来源： 沪江英语 审校：Jade 丹妮

1. Start Planning for Retirement The first thing you should do is plan for retirement. Contributing early and regularly means that you can get by with contributing a lower overall percentage of your income and you do not need to worry about catching up later. It makes sense to plan as though you are going to be responsible for your retirement on your own. This allows you to save enough and will leave you prepared. It may help you to be able to retire early. 2.Create a Financial Plan A financial plan can include everything from your career plan to your retirement plan. If that feels like too much start out with a five-year plan. Where do you want to be in five years? What do you need to do financially to get there? Then break it down into yearly and monthly goals and steps. Be sure to include long-term goals like retirement as part of your plan. This may include going back to school to get your education to help with your next career goal. 3. Focus on Climbing the Career Ladder Now is a great time to focus on the career ladder. It takes time and hard work to move up. Make clear goals and determine what you need to do to reach them. It may mean switching companies, moving to another city or going back to school. It may mean that you do side work or create a professional network and find a mentor to help you reach that goal. Break down the steps for the career path you want to take and start taking them. It is okay to switch directions at some point and choose to go a new direction if you find a better fit for you. Dreams can change, but the key is to keep moving forward toward that dream. 4.Make Sure You Are Budgeting Budgeting is one of the biggest tools to managing your money properly. When you are single, it is easy to justify not creating a budget. Your expenses are straightforward and if you pay your bills what does it matter when and how you spend your money? However, your budget can help you find areas you can cut back on spending to put more money toward savings or debt. Make your income a tool, and budget effectively. This does not mean you should not have fun, but determine how much you can afford to spend while working on your financial plan and stick to that amount. 5. Make Sure You Have the Right Insurance Insurance is there to protect you. It can be frustrating to see your income going to insurance each month, but it is there to protect you. When you are a single, short-term and long-term disability insurance can be a life saver, especially if you do not have an emergency fund saved up. 6.Build Your Emergency Fund An emergency fund is essential if you are single. It can be the thing that save you from being homeless if you were to suddenly lose your job. It can help cover unexpected expenses and take the worry and weight off. For people living on one income, a year's worth of expense is a good goal. This will give you time to find a new job without too much pressure.

年轻的单身人士的财务规划面临着一些独特的挑战。无论你是一直单身，还是刚分手或离婚，在理财时需要铭记一点，你就是自己唯一的收入来源。你仍然有账单要付，你需要确保自己在没有伴侣可以依赖的时候利用好现有资金。下面来听听专家是如何建议的： 开始为退休做计划 你应该做的第一件事是为退休做打算。提前定期缴纳养老金意味着你缴纳较低的总收入百分比就可以了，而且，你也不需要担心以后需要高额补交。 明智的做法是你要按照自己退休养老的打算去做计划。这样可以让你存够钱并且做好准备。还可能有助于你能够提前退休。 制定财务计划 财务计划可以包括从职业规划到退休计划的所有内容。如果这感觉太多了，就从五年计划开始。五年后你想去哪里？为了达到这个目标，你需要在经济上做些什么？ 然后把它分解成每年和每月的目标和步骤。一定要把退休等长期目标纳入计划的一部分。这可能包括回到学校接受教育以帮助你实现下一个职业目标。 专注于事业发展 现在是一个专注于事业发展的好时机。晋升需要时间和努力。制定明确的目标，然后确定你需要做些什么来实现它们。 这可能意味着换公司，搬到另一个城市或回到学校。这可能意味着你要做兼职工作，或者建立一个职业关系网，然后找一个导师来帮助你实现这个目标。 列出你想走的职业道路的步骤，并开始实施。如果你找到一个更适合自己的方向，在有些时候改变方向去选择一条新的道路是可以的。 梦想可以改变，但关键是要继续朝着梦想前进。 确保你有做预算 做预算是正确管理资金的最好工具之一。 当你单身的时候，不做预算是很容易的。你的开销很简单，如果你付了账单，那么什么时候、怎样花钱又有什么关系呢? 然而，你的预算可以帮助你找到可以削减开支的领域，把更多的钱用于储蓄或债务。 让你的收入成为一种工具，并有效地进行预算。这并不是说你不应该找乐子，而是要在制定财务计划时决定你能负担得起的开支，并坚持这个数额。 确保你有合适的保险 保险就是为了保护你的。看到你每个月的收入都有一部分要用于保险是不开心，但它确实是为了保护你。 当你是单身的时候，短期和长期的伤残保险可以拯救你的生命，特别是如果你没有准备应急基金的话。 建立应急基金 如果你是单身，应急基金是必不可少的。如果你突然失业，这可能会让你免于无家可归。 它可以帮助支付意想不到的费用，减轻忧虑和压力。 对于只靠单一收入维持生活的人来说，一年的花费是一个很好的应急基金目标。这会给你时间去找一份新工作，不会有太大压力。 来源： 沪江英语 审校：Jade 丹妮

疫情之下，很多日本人离开了东京，有的是出于对食品安全的担心，有的是因为失业，还有很多人是拜远程办公所赐。这是东京多年来首次连续三个月出现人口净流出。 People cross a street in front of Shinjuku station in Tokyo. REUTERS/Kim Kyung-Hoon When the coronavirus outbreak caused rice and instant noodles to disappear from supermarket shelves in Tokyo this year, Kaoru Okada, 36, decided to leave the capital because he was worried about food security. 今年新冠疫情的暴发促使大米和方便面从东京超市货架上消失，因为担心粮食安全，36岁的冈田薫决定离开东京。 Okada settled in the central Japanese city of Saku, Nagano prefecture, about 160 kilometres northwest of Tokyo, maintaining his online retail and export business while growing vegetables in shared farms and threshing rice. 冈田迁居到日本中部的长野县佐久市，在东京西北方向约160公里处。他继续在网上做他的零售和出口生意，同时在共享农庄里种蔬菜、给稻米脱粒。 thresh [θreʃ]: vt.（给谷物）脱粒 "I moved out of Tokyo in June as soon as the domestic travel ban was lifted, thinking now is a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity," Okada told Reuters. "Living close to a food-producing centre and connections with farmers give me a sense of security." 冈田告诉路透社说：“六月份国内旅行限制令一解除，我就搬离了东京。我认为现在是离开东京千载难逢的好时机。住在食品生产中心附近，和农民建立联系，让我有安全感。” As the pandemic has pushed many companies to allow telecommuting, it has also caused population to flow out of Tokyo - the first time that has happened in years, the latest government data showed. 疫情迫使许多公司允许远程办公，也导致人口流出东京。政府最新数据显示，这是多年来东京首次出现这种情况。 The shift could boost Prime Minister Yoshihide Suga, who made revitalising Japan's decaying rural regions a core plank of his socioeconomic platform. 这一改变对日本首相菅义伟有利，他将振兴日本衰落的乡村地区作为自己社会经济战略的重要一环。 In September, 30,644 people moved out of Tokyo, up 12.5% year-on-year, while the number moving in fell 11.7% to 27,006, the data showed. 数据显示，九月份有3万零644人搬离东京，同比增加了12.5%，迁居东京的人则减少了11.7%，只有2万7006人。 It was the third straight month that those moving out outnumbered those moving in, the longest run on record, led by people in their 20s and 30s. 这是连续第三个月东京流出人口超过流入人口，也是有记录以来东京人口净流出持续时间最长的一次，流出人口以二三十岁的人为主。 Mizuto Yamamoto, 31, now uses telecommuting to skip Tokyo's jam-packed morning trains. 31岁的山本瑞人如今用远程办公的方式躲过了东京人挤人的早高峰列车。 An employee at staffing firm Caster Co, he moved about 150 km west of Tokyo to Hokuto in the mountainous Yamanashi prefecture last year with his wife and 2-year-old son. 山本是人才服务企业卡斯特公司的员工，去年他和妻子带着2岁的儿子搬到了东京以西约150公里处的北杜市。北杜市位于多山的山梨县。 "It was good to move to quiet areas like Hokuto surrounded by rivers, the Southern Alps and Mt. Fuji," Yamamoto told Reuters. "There's no crowd of people, which reduces the virus risks." 山本告诉路透社说：“搬到北杜市这样依山（赤石山脉和富士山）傍水的清静之地很不错。没有拥挤的人群，可以降低感染病毒的风险。” Premier Suga, from rural Akita prefecture in the north, made the revitalisation of Japan's countryside one of his key goals. 来自北部秋田县乡村地区的首相菅义伟把日本乡村地区的复兴作为自己的一个主要目标。 Despite a lack of jobs and infrastructure to support them, local governments and businesses have been trying for years – largely in vain - to draw more people to rural areas. 尽管缺少支持乡村复兴的就业机会和基础设施，地方政府和企业多年来一直在努力吸引更多人来乡村地区，不过基本都是徒劳。 Police officers try to control revellers and passersby on the Shibuya crossing during Halloween as the big sign board set up by local ward office encouraging people refrain from going there for Halloween events is seen, amid the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak, in Tokyo, Japan October 31, 2020. REUTERS/Issei Kato Hidetoshi Yuzawa, an official in Iida, Nagano Prefecture, said Nagano is among the most popular places to migrate because of how much support, including mentors, it offers newcomers. 长野县饭田市的官员汤泽秀俊表示，长野县是最受欢迎的迁居地之一，因为那里对新来者提供很多支持还有指导。 With help from Iida, Mio Nanjo, a 41-year-old pastry chef, is renovating a traditional house into a cafe, which she plans to open in the town of Matsukawa next spring. 在饭田市的帮助下，41岁的糕点师南条澪正在将松川的一座传统住宅翻修成咖啡馆，她计划来年春天开业。 A single mother of three, Nanjo moved from an area southwest of Tokyo this summer after the pandemic shut down the confectionery where she was working and her son lost his job at a truck maker. 南条澪是一位有三个孩子的单身母亲，疫情迫使她所在的糖果店关闭，她的儿子也丢掉了卡车制造厂的工作，于是今年夏天她就从东京西北部地区搬到了饭田市。 "The move allowed me to start all over again," Nanjo told Reuters. "There's no point of clinging to Tokyo, where there are crowds and many people commit suicide." 南条澪告诉路透社说：“这次搬家让我一切都从头开始。死守着东京没有任何意义，那里挤满了人，还有许多人自杀。” Jobs are also leaving the city. 就业机会也在流出东京。 A major staffing firm, Pasona Group Inc, said in September it would move its headquarters and 1,200 employees to Awaji island off Kobe, western Japan, the home of 68-year-old chief executive Yasuyuki Nambu. 大型人才服务企业保圣那集团九月份表示，将会把总部和1200名员工迁到日本西部的神户市附近的淡路岛，那里是68岁的总裁南部靖之的家。 The lockdowns this spring were a decisive factor, Nambu said, adding that the trend would continue as companies and employees changed their mindsets about work-life balance. 南部靖之说，今春的封锁是一个决定性因素，并补充道，随着公司和员工改变对工作与生活平衡的思维方式，这一趋势将会继续下去。 "Regional society is stress-free, and you can live a life rich in delicious foods and activities such as fishing and farming," Nambu told Reuters. 南部靖之告诉路透社说：“小地方没什么压力，你可以过上美食果腹的生活，还能钓钓鱼，种种地。” Other firms, such as Caster, have already based their business model on telecommuting, making it easy to hire workers by offering jobs wherever they are, said Shota Nakagawa, 34, CEO of the company in the southern Japanese city of Saito. 卡斯特公司的首席执行官、34岁的中川翔太表示，像卡斯特这样的其他公司已经把远程办公作为自己的业务模式，这样无论员工在哪，都可以为他们工作。卡斯特公司位于日本南部的西都市。 "Workers can avoid commuting on rush-hour trains and companies can spare transportation costs and reduce office space, all of which will improve profits," Nakagawa said. 中川说：“员工可以避免在高峰时间段挤列车通勤，公司也可以省去交通补助花费，减少办公空间，这些都可以提升利润。” But in Saku, Okada, the online business owner, has no intention of living there forever - although that doesn't mean he'll move back to Tokyo. 但是网店老板冈田可没打算在佐久市住一辈子，不过这也不意味着他会搬回东京。 "As long as I can work anywhere, I will keep hopping to find a place best suited to my life at the time," he said. 他说：“只要我可以在任何地方工作，我就会继续换地方，找到最适合自己当下生活的理想之地。” 英文来源：路透社 翻译&编辑：丹妮

People cross a street in front of Shinjuku station in Tokyo. REUTERS/Kim Kyung-Hoon When the coronavirus outbreak caused rice and instant noodles to disappear from supermarket shelves in Tokyo this year, Kaoru Okada, 36, decided to leave the capital because he was worried about food security. Okada settled in the central Japanese city of Saku, Nagano prefecture, about 160 kilometres northwest of Tokyo, maintaining his online retail and export business while growing vegetables in shared farms and threshing rice. "I moved out of Tokyo in June as soon as the domestic travel ban was lifted, thinking now is a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity," Okada told Reuters. "Living close to a food-producing centre and connections with farmers give me a sense of security." As the pandemic has pushed many companies to allow telecommuting, it has also caused population to flow out of Tokyo - the first time that has happened in years, the latest government data showed. The shift could boost Prime Minister Yoshihide Suga, who made revitalising Japan's decaying rural regions a core plank of his socioeconomic platform. In September, 30,644 people moved out of Tokyo, up 12.5% year-on-year, while the number moving in fell 11.7% to 27,006, the data showed. It was the third straight month that those moving out outnumbered those moving in, the longest run on record, led by people in their 20s and 30s. Mizuto Yamamoto, 31, now uses telecommuting to skip Tokyo's jam-packed morning trains. An employee at staffing firm Caster Co, he moved about 150 km west of Tokyo to Hokuto in the mountainous Yamanashi prefecture last year with his wife and 2-year-old son. "It was good to move to quiet areas like Hokuto surrounded by rivers, the Southern Alps and Mt. Fuji," Yamamoto told Reuters. "There's no crowd of people, which reduces the virus risks." Premier Suga, from rural Akita prefecture in the north, made the revitalisation of Japan's countryside one of his key goals. Despite a lack of jobs and infrastructure to support them, local governments and businesses have been trying for years – largely in vain - to draw more people to rural areas. Police officers try to control revellers and passersby on the Shibuya crossing during Halloween as the big sign board set up by local ward office encouraging people refrain from going there for Halloween events is seen, amid the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak, in Tokyo, Japan October 31, 2020. REUTERS/Issei Kato Hidetoshi Yuzawa, an official in Iida, Nagano Prefecture, said Nagano is among the most popular places to migrate because of how much support, including mentors, it offers newcomers. With help from Iida, Mio Nanjo, a 41-year-old pastry chef, is renovating a traditional house into a cafe, which she plans to open in the town of Matsukawa next spring. A single mother of three, Nanjo moved from an area southwest of Tokyo this summer after the pandemic shut down the confectionery where she was working and her son lost his job at a truck maker. "The move allowed me to start all over again," Nanjo told Reuters. "There's no point of clinging to Tokyo, where there are crowds and many people commit suicide." Jobs are also leaving the city. A major staffing firm, Pasona Group Inc, said in September it would move its headquarters and 1,200 employees to Awaji island off Kobe, western Japan, the home of 68-year-old chief executive Yasuyuki Nambu. The lockdowns this spring were a decisive factor, Nambu said, adding that the trend would continue as companies and employees changed their mindsets about work-life balance. "Regional society is stress-free, and you can live a life rich in delicious foods and activities such as fishing and farming," Nambu told Reuters. Other firms, such as Caster, have already based their business model on telecommuting, making it easy to hire workers by offering jobs wherever they are, said Shota Nakagawa, 34, CEO of the company in the southern Japanese city of Saito. "Workers can avoid commuting on rush-hour trains and companies can spare transportation costs and reduce office space, all of which will improve profits," Nakagawa said. But in Saku, Okada, the online business owner, has no intention of living there forever - although that doesn't mean he'll move back to Tokyo. "As long as I can work anywhere, I will keep hopping to find a place best suited to my life at the time," he said.

疫情之下，很多日本人离开了东京，有的是出于对食品安全的担心，有的是因为失业，还有很多人是拜远程办公所赐。这是东京多年来首次连续三个月出现人口净流出。 今年新冠疫情的暴发促使大米和方便面从东京超市货架上消失，因为担心粮食安全，36岁的冈田薫决定离开东京。 冈田迁居到日本中部的长野县佐久市，在东京西北方向约160公里处。他继续在网上做他的零售和出口生意，同时在共享农庄里种蔬菜、给稻米脱粒。 thresh [θreʃ]: vt.（给谷物）脱粒 冈田告诉路透社说：“六月份国内旅行限制令一解除，我就搬离了东京。我认为现在是离开东京千载难逢的好时机。住在食品生产中心附近，和农民建立联系，让我有安全感。” 疫情迫使许多公司允许远程办公，也导致人口流出东京。政府最新数据显示，这是多年来东京首次出现这种情况。 这一改变对日本首相菅义伟有利，他将振兴日本衰落的乡村地区作为自己社会经济战略的重要一环。 数据显示，九月份有3万零644人搬离东京，同比增加了12.5%，迁居东京的人则减少了11.7%，只有2万7006人。 这是连续第三个月东京流出人口超过流入人口，也是有记录以来东京人口净流出持续时间最长的一次，流出人口以二三十岁的人为主。 31岁的山本瑞人如今用远程办公的方式躲过了东京人挤人的早高峰列车。 山本是人才服务企业卡斯特公司的员工，去年他和妻子带着2岁的儿子搬到了东京以西约150公里处的北杜市。北杜市位于多山的山梨县。 山本告诉路透社说：“搬到北杜市这样依山（赤石山脉和富士山）傍水的清静之地很不错。没有拥挤的人群，可以降低感染病毒的风险。” 来自北部秋田县乡村地区的首相菅义伟把日本乡村地区的复兴作为自己的一个主要目标。 尽管缺少支持乡村复兴的就业机会和基础设施，地方政府和企业多年来一直在努力吸引更多人来乡村地区，不过基本都是徒劳。 长野县饭田市的官员汤泽秀俊表示，长野县是最受欢迎的迁居地之一，因为那里对新来者提供很多支持还有指导。 在饭田市的帮助下，41岁的糕点师南条澪正在将松川的一座传统住宅翻修成咖啡馆，她计划来年春天开业。 南条澪是一位有三个孩子的单身母亲，疫情迫使她所在的糖果店关闭，她的儿子也丢掉了卡车制造厂的工作，于是今年夏天她就从东京西北部地区搬到了饭田市。 南条澪告诉路透社说：“这次搬家让我一切都从头开始。死守着东京没有任何意义，那里挤满了人，还有许多人自杀。” 就业机会也在流出东京。 大型人才服务企业保圣那集团九月份表示，将会把总部和1200名员工迁到日本西部的神户市附近的淡路岛，那里是68岁的总裁南部靖之的家。 南部靖之说，今春的封锁是一个决定性因素，并补充道，随着公司和员工改变对工作与生活平衡的思维方式，这一趋势将会继续下去。 南部靖之告诉路透社说：“小地方没什么压力，你可以过上美食果腹的生活，还能钓钓鱼，种种地。” 卡斯特公司的首席执行官、34岁的中川翔太表示，像卡斯特这样的其他公司已经把远程办公作为自己的业务模式，这样无论员工在哪，都可以为他们工作。卡斯特公司位于日本南部的西都市。 中川说：“员工可以避免在高峰时间段挤列车通勤，公司也可以省去交通补助花费，减少办公空间，这些都可以提升利润。” 但是网店老板冈田可没打算在佐久市住一辈子，不过这也不意味着他会搬回东京。 他说：“只要我可以在任何地方工作，我就会继续换地方，找到最适合自己当下生活的理想之地。” 英文来源：路透社 翻译&编辑：丹妮

Tourists visit Badachu Park decorated with red lanterns in Beijing, on Oct 2, 2019. [Photo/Xinhua] 美国权威民调机构盖洛普（Gallup）10月27日公布2020全球法律和秩序指数排名， 中国名列第3，这显示出中国民众具有较高的安全感。 China ranked third in the latest global poll on people's perceptions of their personal security by a pollster from the United States, indicating its residents have a high sense of security. 在美国民调机构一项对于个人安全感的最新全球民调中，中国名列第三，显示出中国民众具有较高的安全感。 The 2020 Global Law and Order report, released on Tuesday by the Washington-based organization Gallup, covered 144 countries and areas. The poll was conducted throughout 2019 and involved nearly 175,000 people aged 15 and older who were interviewed face-to-face or by telephone. 这份2020全球法律和秩序指数报告由总部位于华盛顿的盖洛普于27日发布，该报告涵盖144个国家和地区。2019年，盖洛普通过面对面访谈和电话方式，采访了总计17.5万名来自世界各国和地区，15岁及以上的民众，最终得出这份报告。 在盖洛普发布的这份榜单中，新加坡和土库曼斯坦两国得分均为97分，并列第一。中国以94分排名第三。 China's overall law and order index is 94. Singapore and Turkmenistan topped the poll with scores of 97. 冰岛、科威特、挪威、奥地利、瑞士、乌兹别克斯坦以及阿联酋分列6至10位。 全球法律与秩序指数根据以下问题的回答得出综合评分，分数越高，有安全感的人口比例越高： Participants were asked four questions: Do you have confidence in the local police force? Do you feel safe walking alone at night in the city where you live? Within the last 12 months, have you had money or property stolen from you or another household member? Have you been assaulted or mugged? 受访者要回答四个问题：你对于当地警察有信心吗？你在所居住的城市走夜路感觉安全吗？过去一年中，你或家人遭遇过金钱或财产失窃事件吗？你遭遇过人身伤害或抢劫案件吗？ 其中， 盖洛普单独列出了“独走夜路感到安全”的指数。 在这项排名中， 有90%的中国人“独走夜路时感到安全”，在全球所有国家和地区中，排名第5，比平均水平高出21个百分比。 “独走夜路感到安全”的指数排名前四的国家是新加坡、土库曼斯坦、挪威和阿联酋。 The report showed that 90 percent of the respondents from China said they feel secure when walking alone at night, which is 21 percentage points higher than the average response. China ranked fifth in the index of countries where people feel safest walking alone, after Singapore, Turkmenistan, Norway and the United Arab Emirates. 分地区来看，东亚地区的法律和秩序指数最高，为92分。西欧地区以86分紧随其后，东南亚地区和北美地区以80分并列第三。撒哈拉以南非洲地区，以及拉丁美洲和加勒比海地区的得分最低，分别以67分和66分排名倒数两位。 统计数据显示，2019年，全球法律与秩序指数的平均分为82分，与上一年基本持平，但在144个接受调查的国家和地区中，有90个分数低于平均值。 盖洛普在新闻稿中提到，美国的得分为85，在榜单中排名第36位，与爱尔兰、法国、瑞典持平，仍高于全球平均水平。不过，在独自走夜路是否感觉安全的调查中，美国仅略高于全球水平，为75%。 The US ranks 36th with an 85, slightly higher than the world average of 82. 此外，由于非洲裔男子弗洛伊德等人遭警察暴力执法后死亡的事件发生，美国人对警察的信任度在下降。2019年，有79%的美国人表示对警察充满信心。与此同时，盖洛普的调查也发现，在今年5月弗洛伊德去世引发大规模抗议后，大多数美国人（58％）表示需要大力改善警务状况。 In the US, where the future of policing is being re-examined in many communities after the killings of George Floyd, Breonna Taylor and others at the hands of police, 79 percent of Americans in 2019 said they are confident in their local police. Gallup's annual US Confidence in Institutions survey, conducted after Floyd's death, showed a decline in Americans' confidence in the police. 编辑：左卓 来源：中国日报 观察者网 环球时报

Tourists visit Badachu Park decorated with red lanterns in Beijing, on Oct 2, 2019. [Photo/Xinhua] China ranked third in the latest global poll on people's perceptions of their personal security by a pollster from the United States, indicating its residents have a high sense of security. The 2020 Global Law and Order report, released on Tuesday by the Washington-based organization Gallup, covered 144 countries and areas. The poll was conducted throughout 2019 and involved nearly 175,000 people aged 15 and older who were interviewed face-to-face or by telephone. China's overall law and order index is 94. Singapore and Turkmenistan topped the poll with scores of 97. Participants were asked four questions: Do you have confidence in the local police force? Do you feel safe walking alone at night in the city where you live? Within the last 12 months, have you had money or property stolen from you or another household member? Have you been assaulted or mugged? The report showed that 90 percent of the respondents from China said they feel secure when walking alone at night, which is 21 percentage points higher than the average response. China ranked fifth in the index of countries where people feel safest walking alone, after Singapore, Turkmenistan, Norway and the United Arab Emirates. The US ranks 36th with an 85, slightly higher than the world average of 82. In the US, where the future of policing is being re-examined in many communities after the killings of George Floyd, Breonna Taylor and others at the hands of police, 79 percent of Americans in 2019 said they are confident in their local police. Gallup's annual US Confidence in Institutions survey, conducted after Floyd's death, showed a decline in Americans' confidence in the police.

美国权威民调机构盖洛普（Gallup）10月27日公布2020全球法律和秩序指数排名， 中国名列第3，这显示出中国民众具有较高的安全感。 在美国民调机构一项对于个人安全感的最新全球民调中，中国名列第三，显示出中国民众具有较高的安全感。 这份2020全球法律和秩序指数报告由总部位于华盛顿的盖洛普于27日发布，该报告涵盖144个国家和地区。2019年，盖洛普通过面对面访谈和电话方式，采访了总计17.5万名来自世界各国和地区，15岁及以上的民众，最终得出这份报告。 在盖洛普发布的这份榜单中，新加坡和土库曼斯坦两国得分均为97分，并列第一。中国以94分排名第三。 冰岛、科威特、挪威、奥地利、瑞士、乌兹别克斯坦以及阿联酋分列6至10位。 全球法律与秩序指数根据以下问题的回答得出综合评分，分数越高，有安全感的人口比例越高： 受访者要回答四个问题：你对于当地警察有信心吗？你在所居住的城市走夜路感觉安全吗？过去一年中，你或家人遭遇过金钱或财产失窃事件吗？你遭遇过人身伤害或抢劫案件吗？ 其中， 盖洛普单独列出了“独走夜路感到安全”的指数。 在这项排名中， 有90%的中国人“独走夜路时感到安全”，在全球所有国家和地区中，排名第5，比平均水平高出21个百分比。 “独走夜路感到安全”的指数排名前四的国家是新加坡、土库曼斯坦、挪威和阿联酋。 分地区来看，东亚地区的法律和秩序指数最高，为92分。西欧地区以86分紧随其后，东南亚地区和北美地区以80分并列第三。撒哈拉以南非洲地区，以及拉丁美洲和加勒比海地区的得分最低，分别以67分和66分排名倒数两位。 统计数据显示，2019年，全球法律与秩序指数的平均分为82分，与上一年基本持平，但在144个接受调查的国家和地区中，有90个分数低于平均值。 盖洛普在新闻稿中提到，美国的得分为85，在榜单中排名第36位，与爱尔兰、法国、瑞典持平，仍高于全球平均水平。不过，在独自走夜路是否感觉安全的调查中，美国仅略高于全球水平，为75%。 此外，由于非洲裔男子弗洛伊德等人遭警察暴力执法后死亡的事件发生，美国人对警察的信任度在下降。2019年，有79%的美国人表示对警察充满信心。与此同时，盖洛普的调查也发现，在今年5月弗洛伊德去世引发大规模抗议后，大多数美国人（58％）表示需要大力改善警务状况。 编辑：左卓 来源：中国日报 观察者网 环球时报

你可能想不到，登顶油管流量榜的居然是一首儿童歌曲。这首儿歌的洗脑程度堪比前些年红遍世界的韩国神曲《江南Style》。巧的是，这首魔性儿歌也是韩国出品的。 Screenshot from Baby Shark Baby Shark , the infuriatingly catchy children's rhyme recorded by South Korean company Pinkfong, has become the most-watched video ever on YouTube. 韩国碰碰狐公司录制的超洗脑儿童歌曲《宝贝鲨鱼》成为油管有史以来浏览量最高的视频。 The song has now been played 7.04 billion times, overtaking the previous record holder Despacito , the Latin pop smash by singer Luis Fonsi. 这首歌曲迄今为止已经被播放了70.4亿次，超越了前任冠军——歌手路易斯·冯西演唱的热门拉丁流行歌曲《Despacito》保持的记录。 Played back-to-back, that would mean Baby Shark has been streamed continuously for 30,187 years. 这意味着，在连续播放的情况下，《宝贝鲨鱼》总计播放时间达3万零187年。 Pinkfong stands to have made about $5.2m from YouTube streams alone. 碰碰狐公司光是在油管上播放这一歌曲视频就入账了520万美元（约合人民币3479万元）。 It took four years for Baby Shark to ascend to the top of YouTube's most-played chart, but the song is actually much older than that. 《宝贝鲨鱼》花了四年时间才上升到油管播放量榜首，但这首歌诞生的时间要早得多。 It is thought to have originated in US summer camps in the 1970s. One theory says it was invented in 1975, as Steven Spielberg's Jaws became an box office smash around the world. 有人认为，这首歌源自20世纪70年代的美国夏令营。一个说法是，这首歌创作于1975年，同年，史蒂文·斯皮尔伯格的《大白鲨》成为世界各地的卖座电影。 There are a huge number of variations on the basic premise, including one version where a surfer loses an arm to the shark, and another where the protagonist dies. 在《宝贝鲨鱼》基础上还衍生出了大量变奏曲，在一个版本中一个冲浪者被鲨鱼咬掉了一只胳膊，还有一个版本的主角死了。 But none of them could match the phenomenal success of Pinkfong's interpretation, which was sung by 10-year-old Korean-American singer Hope Segoine and uploaded to YouTube in 2015. 不过这些作品都不能与碰碰狐这一演绎的巨大成功相提并论，这首歌由10岁的韩裔美籍小歌手霍普·西果尼演唱，2015年上传到油管网站。 It's addictive "doo doo doo doo doo doo" hook and fishy dance moves became a craze in South Korea, where popular bands like Red Velvet, Girls' Generation and Blackpink started incorporating it into their concerts. 歌曲中魔性的“嘟嘟嘟嘟嘟”和鱼一般的舞蹈动作在韩国风靡一时，韩国人气女团Red Velvet、少女时代和Blackpink都在演唱会上唱过《宝贝鲨鱼》。 The following June, Pinkfong put out a second video, titled Baby Shark Dance , featuring two cute kids performing the dance routine. 2016年六月，碰碰狐推出了第二个视频，名叫《宝贝鲨鱼舞》，视频中的两个可爱小孩跳起了鲨鱼舞。 That clip that inspired the hashtag #BabySharkChallenge - with everyone from Indonesian farmworkers to pop stars Cardi B and Josh Groban joining the fun. 这一视频启发了#宝贝鲨鱼挑战，印尼农场工人、流行歌星卡迪·B和乔诗·葛洛班等各种各样的人都加入了这项欢乐挑战。 The song is catnip for children, whose appetite for repetition has undoubtedly helped it climb the ranks of YouTube's most-watched videos. 这首歌曲对于喜欢什么事都重复的小朋友极具吸引力，这也无疑帮助其登顶排行榜，成为了油管播放量最高的视频。 catnip [ˈkætnɪp]: n. 猫薄荷，樟脑草（其香气吸引猫） "Nursery rhymes have always been sort of slow, very cute, but something that would help your children fall asleep - as opposed to Baby Shark ," Pinkfong's marketing director Jamie Oh told the BBC in 2018. 碰碰狐公司的营销总监杰米·欧在2018年告诉BBC说：“儿歌都比较慢，很好听，但有助于孩子入睡，《宝贝鲨鱼》正相反。” "Pinkfong's Baby Shark is very trendy and it has a very bright beat with fun dance moves. The animation is very vivid. We call it K-Pop for the next generation." “碰碰狐的《宝贝鲨鱼》很新潮，节奏明快，舞蹈动作也很有趣。动画片很生动。我们称之为下一代的韩流音乐。” The company is turning the song into a movie and a musical, and aspires to make Baby Shark "another classic for kids music, like Twinkle Twinkle Little Star ", Oh added. 欧补充道，公司正在将这首歌改编为一部电影和一部音乐剧，并立志让《宝贝鲨鱼》成为“又一首经典儿歌，就像《一闪一闪小星星》一样”。 如果你还没听过这首洗脑儿童神曲，就一起来听听吧： 英文来源：BBC 翻译&编辑：丹妮

Screenshot from Baby Shark Baby Shark , the infuriatingly catchy children's rhyme recorded by South Korean company Pinkfong, has become the most-watched video ever on YouTube. The song has now been played 7.04 billion times, overtaking the previous record holder Despacito , the Latin pop smash by singer Luis Fonsi. Played back-to-back, that would mean Baby Shark has been streamed continuously for 30,187 years. Pinkfong stands to have made about $5.2m from YouTube streams alone. It took four years for Baby Shark to ascend to the top of YouTube's most-played chart, but the song is actually much older than that. It is thought to have originated in US summer camps in the 1970s. One theory says it was invented in 1975, as Steven Spielberg's Jaws became an box office smash around the world. There are a huge number of variations on the basic premise, including one version where a surfer loses an arm to the shark, and another where the protagonist dies. But none of them could match the phenomenal success of Pinkfong's interpretation, which was sung by 10-year-old Korean-American singer Hope Segoine and uploaded to YouTube in 2015. It's addictive "doo doo doo doo doo doo" hook and fishy dance moves became a craze in South Korea, where popular bands like Red Velvet, Girls' Generation and Blackpink started incorporating it into their concerts. The following June, Pinkfong put out a second video, titled Baby Shark Dance , featuring two cute kids performing the dance routine. That clip that inspired the hashtag #BabySharkChallenge - with everyone from Indonesian farmworkers to pop stars Cardi B and Josh Groban joining the fun. The song is catnip for children, whose appetite for repetition has undoubtedly helped it climb the ranks of YouTube's most-watched videos. "Nursery rhymes have always been sort of slow, very cute, but something that would help your children fall asleep - as opposed to Baby Shark ," Pinkfong's marketing director Jamie Oh told the BBC in 2018. "Pinkfong's Baby Shark is very trendy and it has a very bright beat with fun dance moves. The animation is very vivid. We call it K-Pop for the next generation." The company is turning the song into a movie and a musical, and aspires to make Baby Shark "another classic for kids music, like Twinkle Twinkle Little Star ", Oh added.

你可能想不到，登顶油管流量榜的居然是一首儿童歌曲。这首儿歌的洗脑程度堪比前些年红遍世界的韩国神曲《江南Style》。巧的是，这首魔性儿歌也是韩国出品的。 韩国碰碰狐公司录制的超洗脑儿童歌曲《宝贝鲨鱼》成为油管有史以来浏览量最高的视频。 这首歌曲迄今为止已经被播放了70.4亿次，超越了前任冠军——歌手路易斯·冯西演唱的热门拉丁流行歌曲《Despacito》保持的记录。 这意味着，在连续播放的情况下，《宝贝鲨鱼》总计播放时间达3万零187年。 碰碰狐公司光是在油管上播放这一歌曲视频就入账了520万美元（约合人民币3479万元）。 《宝贝鲨鱼》花了四年时间才上升到油管播放量榜首，但这首歌诞生的时间要早得多。 有人认为，这首歌源自20世纪70年代的美国夏令营。一个说法是，这首歌创作于1975年，同年，史蒂文·斯皮尔伯格的《大白鲨》成为世界各地的卖座电影。 在《宝贝鲨鱼》基础上还衍生出了大量变奏曲，在一个版本中一个冲浪者被鲨鱼咬掉了一只胳膊，还有一个版本的主角死了。 不过这些作品都不能与碰碰狐这一演绎的巨大成功相提并论，这首歌由10岁的韩裔美籍小歌手霍普·西果尼演唱，2015年上传到油管网站。 歌曲中魔性的“嘟嘟嘟嘟嘟”和鱼一般的舞蹈动作在韩国风靡一时，韩国人气女团Red Velvet、少女时代和Blackpink都在演唱会上唱过《宝贝鲨鱼》。 2016年六月，碰碰狐推出了第二个视频，名叫《宝贝鲨鱼舞》，视频中的两个可爱小孩跳起了鲨鱼舞。 这一视频启发了#宝贝鲨鱼挑战，印尼农场工人、流行歌星卡迪·B和乔诗·葛洛班等各种各样的人都加入了这项欢乐挑战。 这首歌曲对于喜欢什么事都重复的小朋友极具吸引力，这也无疑帮助其登顶排行榜，成为了油管播放量最高的视频。 catnip [ˈkætnɪp]: n. 猫薄荷，樟脑草（其香气吸引猫） 碰碰狐公司的营销总监杰米·欧在2018年告诉BBC说：“儿歌都比较慢，很好听，但有助于孩子入睡，《宝贝鲨鱼》正相反。” “碰碰狐的《宝贝鲨鱼》很新潮，节奏明快，舞蹈动作也很有趣。动画片很生动。我们称之为下一代的韩流音乐。” 欧补充道，公司正在将这首歌改编为一部电影和一部音乐剧，并立志让《宝贝鲨鱼》成为“又一首经典儿歌，就像《一闪一闪小星星》一样”。 如果你还没听过这首洗脑儿童神曲，就一起来听听吧： 英文来源：BBC 翻译&编辑：丹妮

中国历史悠久，国画杰作众多，价值连城。有些画作在战争中损毁或遗失，但更多画作传世千年，现藏于国内外各大博物馆。此文辑录的是中国十大传世名画： Nymph of the Luo River 《洛神赋图》 Artist and writer Gu Kaizhi (ca. 344–406) painted Nymph of the Luo River on a long silk scroll during the Eastern Jin Dynasty (317–420). The narrative scroll, from which four copies dating to the Song Dynasty (960–1279) survived (now exhibited in Beijing, Liaoning and Washington), illustrates the poem Ode to the Nymph of the Luo River, written by Cao Zhi (192–232). 《洛神赋图》为东晋（317—420）画家和诗人顾恺之（约344—406）所作，绢本，长卷。这幅叙事画卷乃据曹植（192—232）的《洛神赋》而作。有四件宋（960—1279）摹本传世，分别藏于北京、辽宁省和华盛顿。 It is a large scroll that should be “read” horizontally, depicting the love story between the poet and the nymph, from their meeting to their parting. 这幅古画为长卷，需横览，绘曹植与洛神自邂逅定情到分别的爱情故事。 Emperor Taizong Receiving the Tibetan Envoy 《步辇图》 Emperor Taizong Receiving the Tibetan Envoy depicts the meeting of Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty (618–907) and Ludongzan, Gar Tongtsen Yulsung, an envoy sent by Songtsan Gampo (617–650), the ruler of Tibet, to accompany Princess Wencheng back to Tibet to be his queen. Yan Liben (601–673), the artist who created this painting, was one of the most revered Chinese figure painters in the early years of the Tang Dynasty. 《步辇图》为唐朝（618—907）初期最受尊崇的人物画家阎立本（601—673）所绘，以吐蕃王松赞干布（617—650）迎娶文成公主入藏为背景，描绘了吐蕃使臣禄东赞晋见唐太宗时的场景。 The ink and colour on silk handscroll, 129.6 cm long and 38.5 cm wide, is now in the collection of the Palace Museum in Beijing. 此画纵38.5 厘米，横129.6 厘米，手卷，绢本设色，现藏于北京故宫博物院。 Noble Ladies in Tang Dynasty 《唐宫仕女图》 Noble Ladies in Tang Dynasty are a serial of paintings drawn by Zhang Xuan (713–755) and Zhou Fang (ca. 730–800), two of the most influential figure painters of the Tang Dynasty, when the paintings of noble ladies became very popular. 《唐宫仕女图》是张萱（713—755）、周昉（约730—800）所绘的一组画。二人为唐代人物画名家，当时仕女画风行。 The paintings depict the leisurely, lonely and peaceful life of the ladies at court, who are shown to be beautiful, dignified and graceful. Four most-renowned paintings in the serial are Portrait of Lady of Guo Going Sightseeing in Spring (by Zhang Xuan), Court Ladies Preparing Silk (by Zhang Xuan), Court Ladies Adorning Their Hair with Flowers (by Zhou Fang), Court Ladies Swinging Fans (by Zhou Fang). 此画描绘了宫廷仕女闲静寥落的生活，人物优美、典雅、端庄。这组画中最著名的四幅作品是张萱所作《虢国夫人游春图》、《捣练图》以及周昉所作《簪花仕女图》、《挥扇仕女图》。 Zhang Xuan used fine brushwork to make paintings of people and was especially good at painting noble ladies, infants and pommel horses. Zhou Fang was influenced by the pure and detailed style of the Jin Dynasty artist Gu Kaizhi, and his portrayals of court ladies are characterized by round faces and plump figures. 张萱以工笔人物写生见长，尤其擅绘仕女、婴儿和鞍马。受顾恺之影响，周昉的画风不求藻饰，注重细节，仕女造型以面容圆润、体态丰腴为主要特征。 The paintings are now kept in several museums around China. 这组画现藏于国内几家博物馆。 Five Oxen 《五牛图》 Five Oxen , a painting by renowned Tang Dynasty artist Han Huang (723–787), is housed in the Palace Museum in Beijing. 《五牛图》为唐代著名画家韩滉（723―787）所作，藏于北京故宫博物院。 Han Huang was born in Chang’an during the reign of Emperor Xuanzong (685–762), and served as a chancellor during the reign of Emperor Dezong (742–805). 韩滉生于唐玄宗（685—762）开元年间，长安人，唐德宗（742—805）年间任宰相。 Han was renowned for painting people and animals with detailed facial expressions. He was especially distinguished at painting agricultural life and livestock, including oxen and goats. 韩滉以人物、畜兽画著称，神态刻画细致入微，对田家风俗和牛羊等家畜的描摹尤其出色。 Five Oxen is 139.8 centimeters long and 20.8 centimeters wide. The painting, as the name suggests, is of five oxen without any background. The oxen are positioned in a line, each with distinctive appearance, walking or standing, holding their heads high or low. The oxen have bright, piercing eyes and different temperaments: lively, docile, romping and even eccentric. 《五牛图》纵20.8 厘米，横139.8 厘米。顾名思义，画的是五头牛，画面上没有背景衬托。五头牛一字排开，各具状貌，姿态互异：或行，或立，或俯首，或昂头。五牛瞳眸炯炯有神，性情各不相同：活泼、温顺、喧闹甚或乖僻。 The Night Revels of Han Xizai 《韩熙载夜宴图》 The Night Revels of Han Xizai by Southern Tang (937–975) artist Gu Hongzhong reproduces the historical scene of Southern Tang Minister Han Xizai’s evening banquet. It shows the host and guests, singing and dancing, laughter and joy, as well as the protagonist’s detachment and a sense of gloom. The surviving copy is a 28.7 cm × 335.5 cm, ink and color on silk handscroll made during the Song Dynasty, and is now housed in the Palace Museum in Beijing. 《韩熙载夜宴图》为南唐（937—975）画家顾闳中所作，再现了南唐大臣韩熙载夜宴宾客的历史场景，描绘了宴会上主客揉杂、弹丝吹竹、清歌艳舞、调笑欢乐的场面，又刻画了主人公超脱不羁、沉郁寡欢的性格。现存宋摹本手卷，绢本设色，纵28.7 厘米，横335.5 厘米，现藏于北京故宫博物院。 Han Xizai (902–970) was a scholar-official of the Southern Tang court. As he wanted to save himself from a delicate political situation, Han pretended to live a dissolute life, so as to dispel Emperor Li Yu’s (937–978) doubts and suspicion. 韩熙载（902—970）， 南唐文臣。他为了从复杂的政治局势中脱身，消除后主李煜（937—978）对自己的猜忌，假装过着放荡的生活。 Gu Hongzhong (910–980) was a court-painter in the painting academy of the Southern Tang Dynasty during the Five Dynasty and Ten Kingdoms period (907–979). Emperor Li Yu sent Gu to spy on one of Han’s sumptuous parties, leading Gu to produce this famous artwork. 顾闳中（910—980）， 五代十国（907—979）南唐画家，任南唐画院宫廷画师。后主李煜派其潜入韩府偷看韩熙载夜宴的奢华场面。顾闳中因此绘制出这幅名画。 This narrative painting is split into five distinct sections: Han Xizai listens to the pipa, watches dancers, takes a rest, plays string instruments, and then sees guests off. It shows precise portraits of more than 40 figures with fine and continuous brush lines and delicate colors. 该叙事画卷分为五段场景，即听乐、观舞、暂歇、清吹、散宴。作品描绘了40 多个人物，造型准确精微，线条工细流畅，色彩绚丽清雅。 The work was not only a painting about personal life, but also represented many features from that period. 这幅画不仅展现了韩熙载的个人生活，也反映了那个时代的多种风情。 A Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains 《千里江山图》 Wang Ximeng, a teenage artist during the Song Dynasty of China, painted A Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains in 1113. Wang studied landscape painting at the Imperial Painting Academy, and was taught personally by Emperor Huizong of Song. He was only 18 years old when he painted this artwork, and he passed away probably around the age of 20. 北宋政和三年（1113 年），少年画家王希孟绘制了《千里江山图》。王希孟曾入画学为生徒，工山水，得宋徽宗亲授。他创作此画时年仅18 岁，20岁左右去世。 The background of the scene is largely colored gold—the color symbolizing wealth and royalty—further glorifying the country. 这幅画的背景主要是金色，象征财富和皇权，彰显了国家的荣耀。 The hand scroll is 1,191.5 cm long and 51.5 cm wide. It depicts spectacular landscapes, excellent architecture, exotic animals, and humans living in harmony and peace. It is now part of the collection of the Palace Museum in Beijing. 画卷纵51.5 厘米，横1191.5 厘米，展现了秀美山川、非凡建筑、珍禽异兽、安居百姓。现藏于北京故宫博物院。 Along the River During the Qingming Festival 《清明上河图》 Along the River During the Qingming Festival was painted by Zhang Zeduan (1085–1145), a court artist of the North Song Dynasty (960–1127). The handscroll captures the rich scenery and natural landscapes along the shores of Bian River in the Northern Song capital Bianliang, which was located near modern-day Kaifeng in Henan Province. 《清明上河图》， 北宋（960—1127）宫廷画师张择端（1085—1145）所作。该手卷反映了北宋都城东京汴梁（今河南开封附近）汴河两岸的街市繁荣景象和自然风光。 Painted in light colors on silk and measuring 24.8cm × 528.7cm, the original work is now in the collection of the Palace Museum in Beijing. 原画纵24.8 厘米， 横528.7 厘米，绢本浅色。现藏北京故宫博物院。 Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains 《富春山居图》 Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains is one of the few surviving works by the painter Huang Gongwang (1269–1354). The painting is created based on the Fuchun river’s early autumn scenery. Huang made full use of the Chinese traditional techniques. The arrangement is a masterpiece of movement and stillness as well as density and expansiveness. The ink likewise ranges from extremely dry to moist, and the strokes also vary from centered brushwork to slanted. 《富春山居图》为画家黄公望（1269—1354）少数的存世作品之一。画家充分利用水墨技法描绘了富春江一带的初秋景色，山水布置动静结合，疏密得当，墨色浓淡干湿并用，中锋圆浑、侧锋峻峭，极富变化。 Painted between 1348 and 1350, the Chinese landscape painting was burnt into two pieces in 1650. Today, one piece is kept in the Zhejiang Provincial Museum in Hangzhou, while the other piece is kept in the Taipei Palace Museum. The entire painting combined would measure 691.3 cm in length. 这幅山水画作于元至正八年（1348 ）到至正十年（1350），清顺治七年（1650 ）曾遭火焚，断为两段。现分藏于浙江省博物馆和台北故宫博物院。两段相加横691.3 厘米。 Spring Morning in the Han Palace 《汉宫春晓图》 Created by the Ming Dynasty (1368–1644) painter Qiu Ying (ca. 1494–1552), Spring Morning in the Han Palace is a silk scroll painting noted for its bold use of colors. With a length of 574.1 centimeters and a width of 30.6 centimeters, it is considered very large relative to other similar decorative artwork. Qiu Ying is one representative painter in the Ming Dynasty, and is regarded as one of the Four Great Masters of the Ming Dynasty along with Shen Zhou (1427–1509), Wen Zhengming (1470–1559) and Tang Yin (1470–1523). 《汉宫春晓图》是明代（1368—1644） 画家仇英（ 约1494—1552） 的一幅绢本仕女画，纵30.6 厘米，横574.1 厘米，以其大胆的色彩运用而闻名。 就装饰绘画而言，《汉宫春晓图》堪称巨制。仇英是明朝代表画家，与沈周（1427—1509）、文征明（1470—1559）、唐寅（1470—1523）合称“明四家”。 This long scroll is an imaginary representation of various activities in a Han Dynasty (206BC–220AD) palace on a spring morning. The intricate composition is rendered with crisp brushwork and beautiful colors. Trees and rocks decorate and punctuate the garden scenery of the lavish palace architecture, creating marvelous scenery similar to that of immortal realms. In addition to the groups of beauties, leisure activities of the literati, such as the zither, chess, calligraphy, and painting as well as appreciating antiquities and planting flowers are depicted, making it a masterpiece among Qiu Ying’s historical narrative paintings. 《汉宫春晓图》以春日晨曦里的汉代（公元前206—公元220）宫廷为题，以长卷的形式描绘了宫闱的各种日常活动。构景繁复，用笔清劲，赋色妍雅，林木、奇石与华丽的宫阙穿插掩映，铺陈出宛如仙境般的瑰丽景象。除却美女群像之外，复融入琴棋书画、鉴古、莳花等文人雅士的休闲活动，实为仇英历史故事画中的精彩之作。 One Hundred Horses 《百骏图》 One Hundred Horses was drawn by Lang Shining in the Qing Dynasty (1644–1911). Lang was a missionary from Italy with birth name Giuseppe Castiglione. Working as a court painter in China for over 50 years, his talent in painting was regarded highly by Chinese emperors Kangxi, Yongzheng and Qianlong. He helped to create a hybrid style that combined the Western realism with traditional Chinese composition and brushwork. 《百骏图》， 清（1644—1911）郎世宁所绘。郎世宁，意大利传教士，原名朱塞佩·伽斯底里奥内。郎世宁任宫廷画师五十多年，画才深得康熙、雍正、乾隆赞许。他将西洋现实主义手法与中国传统构图和笔法相融合，开创了一种中西杂糅风格。 This paper painting, 813 cm long and 102 cm wide, captures 100 horses in various postures. They are kneeling, standing, frolicking, rolling, eating and running on the grassland—staying alone and among groups. The artwork is now preserved in the Taipei Palace Museum. 《百骏图》，纸质稿本，纵102 厘米，横813 厘米。此图共绘有100 匹骏马，在草地上或跪或立，嬉闹翻滚，觅食奔跑，聚散不一，姿势各异。现藏台北故宫博物院。 来源：《英语世界》 译者：卜杭宾

Nymph of the Luo River Artist and writer Gu Kaizhi (ca. 344–406) painted Nymph of the Luo River on a long silk scroll during the Eastern Jin Dynasty (317–420). The narrative scroll, from which four copies dating to the Song Dynasty (960–1279) survived (now exhibited in Beijing, Liaoning and Washington), illustrates the poem Ode to the Nymph of the Luo River, written by Cao Zhi (192–232). It is a large scroll that should be “read” horizontally, depicting the love story between the poet and the nymph, from their meeting to their parting. Emperor Taizong Receiving the Tibetan Envoy Emperor Taizong Receiving the Tibetan Envoy depicts the meeting of Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty (618–907) and Ludongzan, Gar Tongtsen Yulsung, an envoy sent by Songtsan Gampo (617–650), the ruler of Tibet, to accompany Princess Wencheng back to Tibet to be his queen. Yan Liben (601–673), the artist who created this painting, was one of the most revered Chinese figure painters in the early years of the Tang Dynasty. The ink and colour on silk handscroll, 129.6 cm long and 38.5 cm wide, is now in the collection of the Palace Museum in Beijing. Noble Ladies in Tang Dynasty Noble Ladies in Tang Dynasty are a serial of paintings drawn by Zhang Xuan (713–755) and Zhou Fang (ca. 730–800), two of the most influential figure painters of the Tang Dynasty, when the paintings of noble ladies became very popular. The paintings depict the leisurely, lonely and peaceful life of the ladies at court, who are shown to be beautiful, dignified and graceful. Four most-renowned paintings in the serial are Portrait of Lady of Guo Going Sightseeing in Spring (by Zhang Xuan), Court Ladies Preparing Silk (by Zhang Xuan), Court Ladies Adorning Their Hair with Flowers (by Zhou Fang), Court Ladies Swinging Fans (by Zhou Fang). Zhang Xuan used fine brushwork to make paintings of people and was especially good at painting noble ladies, infants and pommel horses. Zhou Fang was influenced by the pure and detailed style of the Jin Dynasty artist Gu Kaizhi, and his portrayals of court ladies are characterized by round faces and plump figures. The paintings are now kept in several museums around China. Five Oxen Five Oxen , a painting by renowned Tang Dynasty artist Han Huang (723–787), is housed in the Palace Museum in Beijing. Han Huang was born in Chang’an during the reign of Emperor Xuanzong (685–762), and served as a chancellor during the reign of Emperor Dezong (742–805). Han was renowned for painting people and animals with detailed facial expressions. He was especially distinguished at painting agricultural life and livestock, including oxen and goats. Five Oxen is 139.8 centimeters long and 20.8 centimeters wide. The painting, as the name suggests, is of five oxen without any background. The oxen are positioned in a line, each with distinctive appearance, walking or standing, holding their heads high or low. The oxen have bright, piercing eyes and different temperaments: lively, docile, romping and even eccentric. The Night Revels of Han Xizai The Night Revels of Han Xizai by Southern Tang (937–975) artist Gu Hongzhong reproduces the historical scene of Southern Tang Minister Han Xizai’s evening banquet. It shows the host and guests, singing and dancing, laughter and joy, as well as the protagonist’s detachment and a sense of gloom. The surviving copy is a 28.7 cm × 335.5 cm, ink and color on silk handscroll made during the Song Dynasty, and is now housed in the Palace Museum in Beijing. Han Xizai (902–970) was a scholar-official of the Southern Tang court. As he wanted to save himself from a delicate political situation, Han pretended to live a dissolute life, so as to dispel Emperor Li Yu’s (937–978) doubts and suspicion. Gu Hongzhong (910–980) was a court-painter in the painting academy of the Southern Tang Dynasty during the Five Dynasty and Ten Kingdoms period (907–979). Emperor Li Yu sent Gu to spy on one of Han’s sumptuous parties, leading Gu to produce this famous artwork. This narrative painting is split into five distinct sections: Han Xizai listens to the pipa, watches dancers, takes a rest, plays string instruments, and then sees guests off. It shows precise portraits of more than 40 figures with fine and continuous brush lines and delicate colors. The work was not only a painting about personal life, but also represented many features from that period. A Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains Wang Ximeng, a teenage artist during the Song Dynasty of China, painted A Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains in 1113. Wang studied landscape painting at the Imperial Painting Academy, and was taught personally by Emperor Huizong of Song. He was only 18 years old when he painted this artwork, and he passed away probably around the age of 20. The background of the scene is largely colored gold—the color symbolizing wealth and royalty—further glorifying the country. The hand scroll is 1,191.5 cm long and 51.5 cm wide. It depicts spectacular landscapes, excellent architecture, exotic animals, and humans living in harmony and peace. It is now part of the collection of the Palace Museum in Beijing. Along the River During the Qingming Festival Along the River During the Qingming Festival was painted by Zhang Zeduan (1085–1145), a court artist of the North Song Dynasty (960–1127). The handscroll captures the rich scenery and natural landscapes along the shores of Bian River in the Northern Song capital Bianliang, which was located near modern-day Kaifeng in Henan Province. Painted in light colors on silk and measuring 24.8cm × 528.7cm, the original work is now in the collection of the Palace Museum in Beijing. Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains is one of the few surviving works by the painter Huang Gongwang (1269–1354). The painting is created based on the Fuchun river’s early autumn scenery. Huang made full use of the Chinese traditional techniques. The arrangement is a masterpiece of movement and stillness as well as density and expansiveness. The ink likewise ranges from extremely dry to moist, and the strokes also vary from centered brushwork to slanted. Painted between 1348 and 1350, the Chinese landscape painting was burnt into two pieces in 1650. Today, one piece is kept in the Zhejiang Provincial Museum in Hangzhou, while the other piece is kept in the Taipei Palace Museum. The entire painting combined would measure 691.3 cm in length. Spring Morning in the Han Palace Created by the Ming Dynasty (1368–1644) painter Qiu Ying (ca. 1494–1552), Spring Morning in the Han Palace is a silk scroll painting noted for its bold use of colors. With a length of 574.1 centimeters and a width of 30.6 centimeters, it is considered very large relative to other similar decorative artwork. Qiu Ying is one representative painter in the Ming Dynasty, and is regarded as one of the Four Great Masters of the Ming Dynasty along with Shen Zhou (1427–1509), Wen Zhengming (1470–1559) and Tang Yin (1470–1523). This long scroll is an imaginary representation of various activities in a Han Dynasty (206BC–220AD) palace on a spring morning. The intricate composition is rendered with crisp brushwork and beautiful colors. Trees and rocks decorate and punctuate the garden scenery of the lavish palace architecture, creating marvelous scenery similar to that of immortal realms. In addition to the groups of beauties, leisure activities of the literati, such as the zither, chess, calligraphy, and painting as well as appreciating antiquities and planting flowers are depicted, making it a masterpiece among Qiu Ying’s historical narrative paintings. One Hundred Horses One Hundred Horses was drawn by Lang Shining in the Qing Dynasty (1644–1911). Lang was a missionary from Italy with birth name Giuseppe Castiglione. Working as a court painter in China for over 50 years, his talent in painting was regarded highly by Chinese emperors Kangxi, Yongzheng and Qianlong. He helped to create a hybrid style that combined the Western realism with traditional Chinese composition and brushwork. This paper painting, 813 cm long and 102 cm wide, captures 100 horses in various postures. They are kneeling, standing, frolicking, rolling, eating and running on the grassland—staying alone and among groups. The artwork is now preserved in the Taipei Palace Museum.

中国历史悠久，国画杰作众多，价值连城。有些画作在战争中损毁或遗失，但更多画作传世千年，现藏于国内外各大博物馆。此文辑录的是中国十大传世名画： 《洛神赋图》 《洛神赋图》为东晋（317—420）画家和诗人顾恺之（约344—406）所作，绢本，长卷。这幅叙事画卷乃据曹植（192—232）的《洛神赋》而作。有四件宋（960—1279）摹本传世，分别藏于北京、辽宁省和华盛顿。 这幅古画为长卷，需横览，绘曹植与洛神自邂逅定情到分别的爱情故事。 《步辇图》 《步辇图》为唐朝（618—907）初期最受尊崇的人物画家阎立本（601—673）所绘，以吐蕃王松赞干布（617—650）迎娶文成公主入藏为背景，描绘了吐蕃使臣禄东赞晋见唐太宗时的场景。 此画纵38.5 厘米，横129.6 厘米，手卷，绢本设色，现藏于北京故宫博物院。 《唐宫仕女图》 《唐宫仕女图》是张萱（713—755）、周昉（约730—800）所绘的一组画。二人为唐代人物画名家，当时仕女画风行。 此画描绘了宫廷仕女闲静寥落的生活，人物优美、典雅、端庄。这组画中最著名的四幅作品是张萱所作《虢国夫人游春图》、《捣练图》以及周昉所作《簪花仕女图》、《挥扇仕女图》。 张萱以工笔人物写生见长，尤其擅绘仕女、婴儿和鞍马。受顾恺之影响，周昉的画风不求藻饰，注重细节，仕女造型以面容圆润、体态丰腴为主要特征。 这组画现藏于国内几家博物馆。 《五牛图》 《五牛图》为唐代著名画家韩滉（723―787）所作，藏于北京故宫博物院。 韩滉生于唐玄宗（685—762）开元年间，长安人，唐德宗（742—805）年间任宰相。 韩滉以人物、畜兽画著称，神态刻画细致入微，对田家风俗和牛羊等家畜的描摹尤其出色。 《五牛图》纵20.8 厘米，横139.8 厘米。顾名思义，画的是五头牛，画面上没有背景衬托。五头牛一字排开，各具状貌，姿态互异：或行，或立，或俯首，或昂头。五牛瞳眸炯炯有神，性情各不相同：活泼、温顺、喧闹甚或乖僻。 《韩熙载夜宴图》 《韩熙载夜宴图》为南唐（937—975）画家顾闳中所作，再现了南唐大臣韩熙载夜宴宾客的历史场景，描绘了宴会上主客揉杂、弹丝吹竹、清歌艳舞、调笑欢乐的场面，又刻画了主人公超脱不羁、沉郁寡欢的性格。现存宋摹本手卷，绢本设色，纵28.7 厘米，横335.5 厘米，现藏于北京故宫博物院。 韩熙载（902—970）， 南唐文臣。他为了从复杂的政治局势中脱身，消除后主李煜（937—978）对自己的猜忌，假装过着放荡的生活。 顾闳中（910—980）， 五代十国（907—979）南唐画家，任南唐画院宫廷画师。后主李煜派其潜入韩府偷看韩熙载夜宴的奢华场面。顾闳中因此绘制出这幅名画。 该叙事画卷分为五段场景，即听乐、观舞、暂歇、清吹、散宴。作品描绘了40 多个人物，造型准确精微，线条工细流畅，色彩绚丽清雅。 这幅画不仅展现了韩熙载的个人生活，也反映了那个时代的多种风情。 《千里江山图》 北宋政和三年（1113 年），少年画家王希孟绘制了《千里江山图》。王希孟曾入画学为生徒，工山水，得宋徽宗亲授。他创作此画时年仅18 岁，20岁左右去世。 这幅画的背景主要是金色，象征财富和皇权，彰显了国家的荣耀。 画卷纵51.5 厘米，横1191.5 厘米，展现了秀美山川、非凡建筑、珍禽异兽、安居百姓。现藏于北京故宫博物院。 《清明上河图》 《清明上河图》， 北宋（960—1127）宫廷画师张择端（1085—1145）所作。该手卷反映了北宋都城东京汴梁（今河南开封附近）汴河两岸的街市繁荣景象和自然风光。 原画纵24.8 厘米， 横528.7 厘米，绢本浅色。现藏北京故宫博物院。 《富春山居图》 《富春山居图》为画家黄公望（1269—1354）少数的存世作品之一。画家充分利用水墨技法描绘了富春江一带的初秋景色，山水布置动静结合，疏密得当，墨色浓淡干湿并用，中锋圆浑、侧锋峻峭，极富变化。 这幅山水画作于元至正八年（1348 ）到至正十年（1350），清顺治七年（1650 ）曾遭火焚，断为两段。现分藏于浙江省博物馆和台北故宫博物院。两段相加横691.3 厘米。 《汉宫春晓图》 《汉宫春晓图》是明代（1368—1644） 画家仇英（ 约1494—1552） 的一幅绢本仕女画，纵30.6 厘米，横574.1 厘米，以其大胆的色彩运用而闻名。 就装饰绘画而言，《汉宫春晓图》堪称巨制。仇英是明朝代表画家，与沈周（1427—1509）、文征明（1470—1559）、唐寅（1470—1523）合称“明四家”。 《汉宫春晓图》以春日晨曦里的汉代（公元前206—公元220）宫廷为题，以长卷的形式描绘了宫闱的各种日常活动。构景繁复，用笔清劲，赋色妍雅，林木、奇石与华丽的宫阙穿插掩映，铺陈出宛如仙境般的瑰丽景象。除却美女群像之外，复融入琴棋书画、鉴古、莳花等文人雅士的休闲活动，实为仇英历史故事画中的精彩之作。 《百骏图》 《百骏图》， 清（1644—1911）郎世宁所绘。郎世宁，意大利传教士，原名朱塞佩·伽斯底里奥内。郎世宁任宫廷画师五十多年，画才深得康熙、雍正、乾隆赞许。他将西洋现实主义手法与中国传统构图和笔法相融合，开创了一种中西杂糅风格。 《百骏图》，纸质稿本，纵102 厘米，横813 厘米。此图共绘有100 匹骏马，在草地上或跪或立，嬉闹翻滚，觅食奔跑，聚散不一，姿势各异。现藏台北故宫博物院。 来源：《英语世界》 译者：卜杭宾

日前，威廉王子被曝出曾在四月感染新冠病毒但秘而不宣，当时他的父亲查尔斯王子和英国首相鲍里斯·约翰逊先后感染新冠病毒，威廉王子担心公布自己的身体状况会引发更大恐慌。 Britain's Prince William wears a protective mask as he visits St. Bartholomew's Hospital in London, Britain October 20, 2020. Matt Dunham/Pool via REUTERS The Duke of Cambridge was struck down with coronavirus in April but kept the diagnosis secret so as not to “worry” anyone, it has emerged. 有消息曝出，剑桥公爵（威廉王子）曾在四月感染新冠病毒，但是他一直将诊断结果保密以免让任何人“担心”。 The Duke, 38, is said to have struggled to breathe during his illness and was treated by doctors before isolating at the family home, Anmer Hall, in Norfolk. 据称，现年38岁的威廉王子在患上新冠肺炎期间曾出现呼吸困难并由医生诊治，之后在诺福克郡安默堡的家中隔离。 He is said to have later told one observer at an engagement: “There were important things going on and I didn’t want to worry anyone." 据称，他后来在一次公务活动中告诉一名目击者说：“眼下有很多重大的事情，我不想让任何人担心。” The Duke’s diagnosis came shortly after it was announced that both his father, the Prince of Wales, and Boris Johnson had contracted the virus. 在官方宣布威廉的父亲威尔士亲王（查尔斯王子）和首相鲍里斯·约翰逊都感染新冠病毒后不久，威廉王子也收到了确诊新冠肺炎的结果。 He was reportedly concerned that revealing his own plight to the nation would create further panic. 据报道，威廉担心向英国民众宣布自己的病情会引发更多恐慌情绪。 Kensington Palace sources played down the severity of his illness. 肯辛顿宫的消息来源对威廉的病情轻描淡写。 But a source told The Sun : "William was hit pretty hard by the virus - it really knocked him for six. 但是一位消息人士告诉《太阳报》说：“威廉感染新冠病毒后病情相当严重，一度卧床不起。” "At one stage he was struggling to breathe, so obviously everyone around him was pretty panicked. “有一段时间他出现了明显的呼吸困难，他身边的每个人都很恐慌。” "After seeing medics and testing positive - which was obviously quite a shock given how fit and healthy he is - William was determined it should be business as usual though. “在就医并检测出新冠病毒阳性后，威廉决心一切如常。考虑到威廉平时的身体那么健康，显然会令公众相当震惊。” "He was determined to fulfil his engagements.” “威廉决心继续履行自己的公务。” Britain's Prince William attends a groundbreaking ceremony at The Royal Marsden in Surrey, Britain October 21, 2020. Jack Hill/Pool via REUTERS There was no public hint that the Duke had fallen ill during the height of the pandemic, not least as he continued to work throughout April, carrying out 14 telephone and video call engagements throughout the month. 在疫情高峰期，威廉王子没有在公众场合表现出他生病的迹象，而且在四月继续带病工作，一共完成了14次电话会议和视频会议。 Memorably, he was filmed standing at the door of Anmer Hall with the Duchess of Cambridge, 38, and their children, Prince George, seven, Princess Charlotte, five, and two-year-old Prince Louis as they lead the nation in a Clap for Carers. 值得回忆的是，他被拍到和38岁的剑桥公爵夫人以及他们的孩子——7岁的乔治王子、5岁的夏洛特公主和2岁的路易王子——站在安默堡的门前带领全国人民为医护人员鼓掌。 Earlier that month he had told colleagues of consultant Amged El-Hawrani, 55, one of the first doctors to be killed by the virus, that he was "proud" of their work. 四月早些时候，他曾告诉55岁的顾问阿姆格德·艾尔-哈瓦尼的同事，他为他们的工作感到“骄傲”。 哈瓦尼是最早死于新冠肺炎的医生之一。 He had a seven-day break from calls and video messages from April 9 before opening the Nightingale Hospital Birmingham at the NEC via video link on April 16. 威廉从4月9日起休息了7天，暂停接听电话和视频会议，但在4月16日，他又通过远程视频连线宣布伯明翰南丁格尔医院在伯明翰国家展览中心正式开业。 He told them it was a "wonderful example" of the "pulling together" happening across the country to fight the pandemic. 他告诉人们，这是全民“合力”抗击疫情的一个“绝佳范例”。 The source added: “The Queen delivered her ‘We Will Meet Again’ address and he just didn’t want to worry people. 消息来源补充道：“女王发表了演讲《我们会再见》，而威廉只是不想让民众担心。” "He felt there were more important things going on in the country. “他认为现在国家正发生着更为重要的事情。” "But as a result of his own experiences, he realises absolutely anyone can catch this awful disease - and knows how imperative it is that we all take this second lockdown seriously.” “但是因为自身经历，他意识到任何人都有可能感染这一可怕的疾病，也知道所有人严肃对待第二波疫情封锁是多么重要。” Earlier this week, the Duke showed great empathy with Kate Garraway, a presenter on ITV's Good Morning Britain, whose husband, Derek Draper, remains in hospital seven months after contracting coronavirus. 本周早些时候，威廉王子对独立电视台《早安英国》节目主持人凯特·加勒韦表现出极大的同情。加勒韦的丈夫德里克·德雷珀在感染新冠病毒七个月后仍在医院救治。 Both he and his wife, who were taking part in the Pride of Britain awards, told the broadcaster they wanted to give her “a hug” in the wake of her family’s ordeal. 当时在参加英国骄傲颁奖典礼的威廉王子夫妇告诉这位主播说，想给面对家庭严酷考验的她“一个拥抱”。 The Cambridges said they had been touched by her experience, and how it had impacted their children Darcey, 14, and Billy, 11. 剑桥公爵夫妇说，她的经历以及他们的孩子（14岁的达西和11岁的比利）所受的影响牵动了他们的心。 Prince Charles has spoken of his own brush with Covid-19, which saw him suffer a mild version of the illness and isolate at Birkhall, Scotland. 查尔斯王子曾提到自己感染新冠病毒的经历，他的症状比较轻微，曾在苏格兰的柏克馆隔离。 He said it had left him “even more determined to push and shout and prod” to rebuild the planet. 查尔斯表示，这段经历让他“更加下定决心推动、呼吁和敦促”重建地球。 Meanwhile, the Prime Minister spent three nights in intensive care after being hospitalised on April 5. 与此同时，英国首相于4月5日住院后，在重症监护室度过了三个夜晚。 Kensington Palace declined to comment. 肯辛顿宫拒绝对此发表评论。 英文来源：每日电讯报 翻译&编辑：丹妮

Britain's Prince William wears a protective mask as he visits St. Bartholomew's Hospital in London, Britain October 20, 2020. Matt Dunham/Pool via REUTERS The Duke of Cambridge was struck down with coronavirus in April but kept the diagnosis secret so as not to “worry” anyone, it has emerged. The Duke, 38, is said to have struggled to breathe during his illness and was treated by doctors before isolating at the family home, Anmer Hall, in Norfolk. He is said to have later told one observer at an engagement: “There were important things going on and I didn’t want to worry anyone." The Duke’s diagnosis came shortly after it was announced that both his father, the Prince of Wales, and Boris Johnson had contracted the virus. He was reportedly concerned that revealing his own plight to the nation would create further panic. Kensington Palace sources played down the severity of his illness. But a source told The Sun : "William was hit pretty hard by the virus - it really knocked him for six. "At one stage he was struggling to breathe, so obviously everyone around him was pretty panicked. "After seeing medics and testing positive - which was obviously quite a shock given how fit and healthy he is - William was determined it should be business as usual though. "He was determined to fulfil his engagements.” Britain's Prince William attends a groundbreaking ceremony at The Royal Marsden in Surrey, Britain October 21, 2020. Jack Hill/Pool via REUTERS There was no public hint that the Duke had fallen ill during the height of the pandemic, not least as he continued to work throughout April, carrying out 14 telephone and video call engagements throughout the month. Memorably, he was filmed standing at the door of Anmer Hall with the Duchess of Cambridge, 38, and their children, Prince George, seven, Princess Charlotte, five, and two-year-old Prince Louis as they lead the nation in a Clap for Carers. Earlier that month he had told colleagues of consultant Amged El-Hawrani, 55, one of the first doctors to be killed by the virus, that he was "proud" of their work. He had a seven-day break from calls and video messages from April 9 before opening the Nightingale Hospital Birmingham at the NEC via video link on April 16. He told them it was a "wonderful example" of the "pulling together" happening across the country to fight the pandemic. The source added: “The Queen delivered her ‘We Will Meet Again’ address and he just didn’t want to worry people. "He felt there were more important things going on in the country. "But as a result of his own experiences, he realises absolutely anyone can catch this awful disease - and knows how imperative it is that we all take this second lockdown seriously.” Earlier this week, the Duke showed great empathy with Kate Garraway, a presenter on ITV's Good Morning Britain, whose husband, Derek Draper, remains in hospital seven months after contracting coronavirus. Both he and his wife, who were taking part in the Pride of Britain awards, told the broadcaster they wanted to give her “a hug” in the wake of her family’s ordeal. The Cambridges said they had been touched by her experience, and how it had impacted their children Darcey, 14, and Billy, 11. Prince Charles has spoken of his own brush with Covid-19, which saw him suffer a mild version of the illness and isolate at Birkhall, Scotland. He said it had left him “even more determined to push and shout and prod” to rebuild the planet. Meanwhile, the Prime Minister spent three nights in intensive care after being hospitalised on April 5. Kensington Palace declined to comment.

日前，威廉王子被曝出曾在四月感染新冠病毒但秘而不宣，当时他的父亲查尔斯王子和英国首相鲍里斯·约翰逊先后感染新冠病毒，威廉王子担心公布自己的身体状况会引发更大恐慌。 有消息曝出，剑桥公爵（威廉王子）曾在四月感染新冠病毒，但是他一直将诊断结果保密以免让任何人“担心”。 据称，现年38岁的威廉王子在患上新冠肺炎期间曾出现呼吸困难并由医生诊治，之后在诺福克郡安默堡的家中隔离。 据称，他后来在一次公务活动中告诉一名目击者说：“眼下有很多重大的事情，我不想让任何人担心。” 在官方宣布威廉的父亲威尔士亲王（查尔斯王子）和首相鲍里斯·约翰逊都感染新冠病毒后不久，威廉王子也收到了确诊新冠肺炎的结果。 据报道，威廉担心向英国民众宣布自己的病情会引发更多恐慌情绪。 肯辛顿宫的消息来源对威廉的病情轻描淡写。 但是一位消息人士告诉《太阳报》说：“威廉感染新冠病毒后病情相当严重，一度卧床不起。” “有一段时间他出现了明显的呼吸困难，他身边的每个人都很恐慌。” “在就医并检测出新冠病毒阳性后，威廉决心一切如常。考虑到威廉平时的身体那么健康，显然会令公众相当震惊。” “威廉决心继续履行自己的公务。” 在疫情高峰期，威廉王子没有在公众场合表现出他生病的迹象，而且在四月继续带病工作，一共完成了14次电话会议和视频会议。 值得回忆的是，他被拍到和38岁的剑桥公爵夫人以及他们的孩子——7岁的乔治王子、5岁的夏洛特公主和2岁的路易王子——站在安默堡的门前带领全国人民为医护人员鼓掌。 四月早些时候，他曾告诉55岁的顾问阿姆格德·艾尔-哈瓦尼的同事，他为他们的工作感到“骄傲”。 哈瓦尼是最早死于新冠肺炎的医生之一。 威廉从4月9日起休息了7天，暂停接听电话和视频会议，但在4月16日，他又通过远程视频连线宣布伯明翰南丁格尔医院在伯明翰国家展览中心正式开业。 他告诉人们，这是全民“合力”抗击疫情的一个“绝佳范例”。 消息来源补充道：“女王发表了演讲《我们会再见》，而威廉只是不想让民众担心。” “他认为现在国家正发生着更为重要的事情。” “但是因为自身经历，他意识到任何人都有可能感染这一可怕的疾病，也知道所有人严肃对待第二波疫情封锁是多么重要。” 本周早些时候，威廉王子对独立电视台《早安英国》节目主持人凯特·加勒韦表现出极大的同情。加勒韦的丈夫德里克·德雷珀在感染新冠病毒七个月后仍在医院救治。 当时在参加英国骄傲颁奖典礼的威廉王子夫妇告诉这位主播说，想给面对家庭严酷考验的她“一个拥抱”。 剑桥公爵夫妇说，她的经历以及他们的孩子（14岁的达西和11岁的比利）所受的影响牵动了他们的心。 查尔斯王子曾提到自己感染新冠病毒的经历，他的症状比较轻微，曾在苏格兰的柏克馆隔离。 查尔斯表示，这段经历让他“更加下定决心推动、呼吁和敦促”重建地球。 与此同时，英国首相于4月5日住院后，在重症监护室度过了三个夜晚。 肯辛顿宫拒绝对此发表评论。 英文来源：每日电讯报 翻译&编辑：丹妮

近两年，“社会性死亡”这个词渐渐风靡。它说的是当众出丑以至于没脸见人的状况。 清华大学《清新时报》报道称，豆瓣ID“@嘿嘿嘿嘿嘿嘿嘿”的用户在小组发帖分享一件自己“社会性死亡”的事件。 微博#大型社会性死亡现场#话题下的“毕业后第一次参加公司聚餐” 楼主给毕业论文导师发了消息，收到了老师“之后见了再说”的回复，心中纳闷。回头再一看，才发现自己的信息最后一句话是——“您是否有实力当我的毕业设计老师呢？” 而她本想打的，是“时间”。 尴尬事件或许是必然会发生的，但是随之而来的巨量尴尬却不会随着事件的结束而消退，反而会不断地在接下来的数年甚至数十年里随机浮上心头，让人痛苦“重温”。 可能有些读者光是看到本文这个标题就已经开始不由自主地回忆起尴尬瞬间了。 这些常见的尴尬，或许你也有过： ▌Secretly trying to take a picture of someone when the flash on your phone is on 打算偷偷拍一张别人的照片结果闪光灯没关 ▌Waving at someone who doesn’t see you 向某人挥手，结果他没看见你 ▌Trying to get your teachers’ attention in primary school by accidentally calling them mommy or daddy 小学的时候为了引起老师的注意而把他们叫成了“爸爸”或者“妈妈” ▌Texting one of your friends about a certain person before sending it to that person by mistake 发消息给朋友聊关于另外一个人的事情，结果直接发给了这个人 ▌Going to open a door by pulling it when it clearly says “push” 想去拉开门，发现上面写着“推” ▌Being out in public and tripping over some thing before trying to act casual as if it never happened 在公众场合绊了一跤，然后假装如常无事发生 ▌Bumping into someone as you leave the toilet with a really bad smell coming out of it. 上完厕所在隔间外撞见正要进去的人，结果厕所里的味道臭得不行 ▌Entering a lecture hall, sitting down, and taking out all of your stuff before finally looking up to realize you’re in the wrong class. 进入教室，坐下来，把上课用的东西全部拿出来，结果发现进错了教室 ▌Sitting in a quiet study room with your stomach sounding like it’s trying to digest a tractor engine. 坐在一个安静的自习室里，然后肚子饿得叫，像是它在消化一个拖拉机发动机一样 ▌Creeping on someone’s Wechat moments and accidentally liking a photo from three years ago. 偷偷翻阅某人的微信朋友圈，然后不小心给一张三年前的照片点了赞 ▌Holding a handrail on a bus or train and touching someone else’s hand in the process. 在公交或列车上抓扶手，结果不小心碰到别人的手 ▌Asking someone to repeat themselves before asking twice more, and when you still haven’t heard what they’ve said, you just have to reply with “yes” and hope for the best. 请某人重复说过的话，发现没听明白叫人再重复一次，结果还是没听清楚，就只能回复“嗯”然后期望对话还能顺利进行 ▌Saying something to someone and your voice breaks weirdly like a 13-year-old going through puberty halfway through the sentence. 跟某人说话，结果嗓子像是一个 13 岁的正在经历青春期变声的小孩一样，话说到一半就破音了。 作家Melissa Dahl花了数年时间研究“尴尬”，出版了书籍 Cringeworthy: A Theory of Awkwardness (《令人尴尬：尴尬的理论》)。 起初，她发现自己每次叠衣服的时候都会想起十年前当实习生的时候被人笑话裙子在上完厕所之后塞到连体袜里的尴尬瞬间。 In my apartment ten years later, I know I’m far away in space and time from this moment, and yet it still makes me wince. “How embarrassing,” I whisper, out loud, to no one. 十年后，我住在这间公寓里，我知道无论是空间上还是时间上来说，我距离那个尴尬时刻已经很远了，但是我还是会紧皱眉头尴尬不已。周遭无人，我会大声在心里吼出来：“好尬啊！” So many people I interviewed confess to reacting to old embarrassments in the same way. “You’re just sitting there, and your brain decides to throw it in your face for no reason,” one of my interviewees told me. “For me, if I’m alone, I just start shouting, ‘NO! No no no no no no no.’” 很多我采访过的人都承认会有跟我一样的面对过往尴尬的反应。有个受访者跟我说：“你就是坐在那儿，然后你的脑子莫名其妙就决定要把这份尴尬扔你一脸。我自己的话，如果我是一个人待着，那我就会开始咆哮：‘不！不，不，不，不要’”。 经过采访众多有类似经历的人和心理学家们，她给这种状况起了个名字：cringe attack（尴尬侵袭）。 They’re the little humiliations from your past that come back unbidden, sometimes years after they first occurred. 这些过往的丢脸时刻就是会像不速之客一样直接袭来，有时是发生后的很多年后。 这些记忆虽然很尴尬，却不至于到了引起心理创伤的地步，可是为什么这些记忆总是随机涌现呢？Mellisa 发现有三个原因。 ❶ 有诱因 For one, even memories that seem out-of-the-blue may be in fact triggered by something in the environment. Maybe something about the T-shirts I was putting away that day reminded me of the feel of the jersey skirt. 一方面，即使是那些看似突如其来的记忆，实际上也可能是由环境中的某些东西触发的。也许那天我收起来的T恤衫让我想起了那条掖进裤袜里的运动衫裙。 ❷ 尴尬情形未能在当时解决 For another, think about how often your first response to someone who’s witnessed an embarrassing moment of yours is something like “This isn’t what it looks like” or “I can explain.” If you never actually get to make that explanation, the moment likely feels unresolved in your mind, and some researchers believe that interrupted moments stick with us longer than those that feel completed. 另一方面，想想你对目睹你尴尬时刻的人的第一反应经常是“噢不是你看到的那样”或者“啊容我解释一下”。如果你从来没有机会解释，那么你的大脑就会觉得这个事儿还没解决，而且有些研究人员认为，被打断了的时刻比那些感觉完成了的时刻更加会让我们难以忘怀。 ❸ 情感越浓，记忆越深 Your emotions dictate what your brain decides to hang on to. The stronger the feeling, the stronger the memory. For instance, being scolded even inadvertently can still lead to long-term feeling of awkwardness. Something excites your brain, which triggers the release of adrenaline, which in turn releases another substance called noradrenaline（去甲肾上腺素）, a neurotransmitter that then perks up the amygdala（杏仁体）. 你的情绪决定了你的大脑选择记住什么。情绪越强烈，记忆就越深刻。例如，即使有人不是故意骂你，你仍然会长时间感到尴尬。某件事刺激了你的大脑，触发肾上腺素的释放，而肾上腺素又会释放出另一种叫做去甲肾上腺素的物质，这种物质是一种神经递质，能使杏仁体活跃起来。 That’s a region of the brain which gets excited by emotional arousal. The amygdala then communicates with almost every other region of the brain, and it says, in effect, “Something important happened. Make a strong memory.” 杏仁体这个大脑区域会因情绪激动而兴奋。它与大脑的几乎其他所有区域进行交流，它实际上就是在说：“要紧的事儿发生了，给我记牢了！” 书籍作者同时也给出了两个点子，或许可以帮助你减轻这种困扰。 第一个就是接纳自己： self-acceptance 自我接纳。 Recognizing your former self for who you truly were, instead of trying to forget or fudge the details. And remind yourself that everyone’s embarrassed about something. When we arrive at this kind of self-awareness, then when we fail, it’s not ‘poor me,’ however, it’s ‘Well, everyone fails.’ 认清以前的自己是个什么人，不要试图忘记或篡改事件细节。告诉自己：每个人都有各自尴尬的事情。有了这种意识，我们即使尴尬了，也不会可怜自己说：“啊我好倒霉”，而是会说：“哎，大家都有尴尬的时候”。 第二个就是不要把自己看得太重要： self-indifference: the relief of realizing that you are simply not that big a deal 自我疏离：意识到自己并没那么重要从而感觉到解脱。 倒也不是说要贬低自己，而是换一种思维来体会谦卑。 Self-indifference is essentially a synonym for humility. A little humility helps you keep your natural talents and honed skills in proper perspective: The fact that I’m able to string coherent sentences together as a professional writer isn’t valuable because of what it says about me. What matters is what I do with that ability. 自我疏离本质上是谦卑的同义词。谦虚一点可以帮你理性客观地看待自身的才华和磨练出的技能。比方说，我作为一个职业作家，我能够写出连贯的句子，这个技能本身并不重要，它无法给我贴金，重要的是我用这个能力创造了什么。 最困扰你的尴尬事件是什么呢？分享出来或许就不那么尴尬了。 Notes trip [trɪp] v 绊；绊倒 tractor [ˈtræktər] n 拖拉机 cringe [krɪndʒ] v 感到尴尬不安；畏缩 wince [wɪns] v 皱眉蹙额 unbidden [ʌnˈbɪdn] adj 未经要求；未被邀请；擅自 out of the blue 出乎意料；突然；晴天霹雳 perk up（使）振奋，活跃，快活 in effect 实际上；事实上 fudge [fʌdʒ] v 伪造或歪曲；逃避（某事）；回避 编辑：李雪晴 左卓 参考来源：The Cut

▌Secretly trying to take a picture of someone when the flash on your phone is on ▌Waving at someone who doesn’t see you ▌Trying to get your teachers’ attention in primary school by accidentally calling them mommy or daddy ▌Texting one of your friends about a certain person before sending it to that person by mistake ▌Going to open a door by pulling it when it clearly says “push” ▌Being out in public and tripping over some thing before trying to act casual as if it never happened ▌Bumping into someone as you leave the toilet with a really bad smell coming out of it. ▌Entering a lecture hall, sitting down, and taking out all of your stuff before finally looking up to realize you’re in the wrong class. ▌Sitting in a quiet study room with your stomach sounding like it’s trying to digest a tractor engine. ▌Creeping on someone’s Wechat moments and accidentally liking a photo from three years ago. ▌Holding a handrail on a bus or train and touching someone else’s hand in the process. ▌Asking someone to repeat themselves before asking twice more, and when you still haven’t heard what they’ve said, you just have to reply with “yes” and hope for the best. ▌Saying something to someone and your voice breaks weirdly like a 13-year-old going through puberty halfway through the sentence. Cringeworthy: A Theory of Awkwardness In my apartment ten years later, I know I’m far away in space and time from this moment, and yet it still makes me wince. “How embarrassing,” I whisper, out loud, to no one. So many people I interviewed confess to reacting to old embarrassments in the same way. “You’re just sitting there, and your brain decides to throw it in your face for no reason,” one of my interviewees told me. “For me, if I’m alone, I just start shouting, ‘NO! No no no no no no no.’” They’re the little humiliations from your past that come back unbidden, sometimes years after they first occurred. For one, even memories that seem out-of-the-blue may be in fact triggered by something in the environment. Maybe something about the T-shirts I was putting away that day reminded me of the feel of the jersey skirt. For another, think about how often your first response to someone who’s witnessed an embarrassing moment of yours is something like “This isn’t what it looks like” or “I can explain.” If you never actually get to make that explanation, the moment likely feels unresolved in your mind, and some researchers believe that interrupted moments stick with us longer than those that feel completed. That’s a region of the brain which gets excited by emotional arousal. The amygdala then communicates with almost every other region of the brain, and it says, in effect, “Something important happened. Make a strong memory.” self-acceptance Recognizing your former self for who you truly were, instead of trying to forget or fudge the details. And remind yourself that everyone’s embarrassed about something. When we arrive at this kind of self-awareness, then when we fail, it’s not ‘poor me,’ however, it’s ‘Well, everyone fails.’ self-indifference: the relief of realizing that you are simply not that big a deal Self-indifference is essentially a synonym for humility. A little humility helps you keep your natural talents and honed skills in proper perspective: The fact that I’m able to string coherent sentences together as a professional writer isn’t valuable because of what it says about me. What matters is what I do with that ability. Notes

近两年，“社会性死亡”这个词渐渐风靡。它说的是当众出丑以至于没脸见人的状况。 清华大学《清新时报》报道称，豆瓣ID“@嘿嘿嘿嘿嘿嘿嘿”的用户在小组发帖分享一件自己“社会性死亡”的事件。 微博#大型社会性死亡现场#话题下的“毕业后第一次参加公司聚餐” 楼主给毕业论文导师发了消息，收到了老师“之后见了再说”的回复，心中纳闷。回头再一看，才发现自己的信息最后一句话是——“您是否有实力当我的毕业设计老师呢？” 而她本想打的，是“时间”。 尴尬事件或许是必然会发生的，但是随之而来的巨量尴尬却不会随着事件的结束而消退，反而会不断地在接下来的数年甚至数十年里随机浮上心头，让人痛苦“重温”。 可能有些读者光是看到本文这个标题就已经开始不由自主地回忆起尴尬瞬间了。 这些常见的尴尬，或许你也有过： 打算偷偷拍一张别人的照片结果闪光灯没关 向某人挥手，结果他没看见你 小学的时候为了引起老师的注意而把他们叫成了“爸爸”或者“妈妈” 发消息给朋友聊关于另外一个人的事情，结果直接发给了这个人 想去拉开门，发现上面写着“推” 在公众场合绊了一跤，然后假装如常无事发生 上完厕所在隔间外撞见正要进去的人，结果厕所里的味道臭得不行 进入教室，坐下来，把上课用的东西全部拿出来，结果发现进错了教室 坐在一个安静的自习室里，然后肚子饿得叫，像是它在消化一个拖拉机发动机一样 偷偷翻阅某人的微信朋友圈，然后不小心给一张三年前的照片点了赞 在公交或列车上抓扶手，结果不小心碰到别人的手 请某人重复说过的话，发现没听明白叫人再重复一次，结果还是没听清楚，就只能回复“嗯”然后期望对话还能顺利进行 跟某人说话，结果嗓子像是一个 13 岁的正在经历青春期变声的小孩一样，话说到一半就破音了。 作家Melissa Dahl花了数年时间研究“尴尬”，出版了书籍 (《令人尴尬：尴尬的理论》)。 起初，她发现自己每次叠衣服的时候都会想起十年前当实习生的时候被人笑话裙子在上完厕所之后塞到连体袜里的尴尬瞬间。 十年后，我住在这间公寓里，我知道无论是空间上还是时间上来说，我距离那个尴尬时刻已经很远了，但是我还是会紧皱眉头尴尬不已。周遭无人，我会大声在心里吼出来：“好尬啊！” 很多我采访过的人都承认会有跟我一样的面对过往尴尬的反应。有个受访者跟我说：“你就是坐在那儿，然后你的脑子莫名其妙就决定要把这份尴尬扔你一脸。我自己的话，如果我是一个人待着，那我就会开始咆哮：‘不！不，不，不，不要’”。 经过采访众多有类似经历的人和心理学家们，她给这种状况起了个名字：cringe attack（尴尬侵袭）。 这些过往的丢脸时刻就是会像不速之客一样直接袭来，有时是发生后的很多年后。 这些记忆虽然很尴尬，却不至于到了引起心理创伤的地步，可是为什么这些记忆总是随机涌现呢？Mellisa 发现有三个原因。 ❶ 有诱因 一方面，即使是那些看似突如其来的记忆，实际上也可能是由环境中的某些东西触发的。也许那天我收起来的T恤衫让我想起了那条掖进裤袜里的运动衫裙。 ❷ 尴尬情形未能在当时解决 另一方面，想想你对目睹你尴尬时刻的人的第一反应经常是“噢不是你看到的那样”或者“啊容我解释一下”。如果你从来没有机会解释，那么你的大脑就会觉得这个事儿还没解决，而且有些研究人员认为，被打断了的时刻比那些感觉完成了的时刻更加会让我们难以忘怀。 ❸ 情感越浓，记忆越深 Your emotions dictate what your brain decides to hang on to. The stronger the feeling, the stronger the memory. For instance, being scolded even inadvertently can still lead to long-term feeling of awkwardness. Something excites your brain, which triggers the release of adrenaline, which in turn releases another substance called noradrenaline（去甲肾上腺素）, a neurotransmitter that then perks up the amygdala（杏仁体）. 你的情绪决定了你的大脑选择记住什么。情绪越强烈，记忆就越深刻。例如，即使有人不是故意骂你，你仍然会长时间感到尴尬。某件事刺激了你的大脑，触发肾上腺素的释放，而肾上腺素又会释放出另一种叫做去甲肾上腺素的物质，这种物质是一种神经递质，能使杏仁体活跃起来。 杏仁体这个大脑区域会因情绪激动而兴奋。它与大脑的几乎其他所有区域进行交流，它实际上就是在说：“要紧的事儿发生了，给我记牢了！” 书籍作者同时也给出了两个点子，或许可以帮助你减轻这种困扰。 第一个就是接纳自己： 自我接纳。 认清以前的自己是个什么人，不要试图忘记或篡改事件细节。告诉自己：每个人都有各自尴尬的事情。有了这种意识，我们即使尴尬了，也不会可怜自己说：“啊我好倒霉”，而是会说：“哎，大家都有尴尬的时候”。 第二个就是不要把自己看得太重要： 自我疏离：意识到自己并没那么重要从而感觉到解脱。 倒也不是说要贬低自己，而是换一种思维来体会谦卑。 自我疏离本质上是谦卑的同义词。谦虚一点可以帮你理性客观地看待自身的才华和磨练出的技能。比方说，我作为一个职业作家，我能够写出连贯的句子，这个技能本身并不重要，它无法给我贴金，重要的是我用这个能力创造了什么。 最困扰你的尴尬事件是什么呢？分享出来或许就不那么尴尬了。 trip [trɪp] v 绊；绊倒 tractor [ˈtræktər] n 拖拉机 cringe [krɪndʒ] v 感到尴尬不安；畏缩 wince [wɪns] v 皱眉蹙额 unbidden [ʌnˈbɪdn] adj 未经要求；未被邀请；擅自 out of the blue 出乎意料；突然；晴天霹雳 perk up（使）振奋，活跃，快活 in effect 实际上；事实上 fudge [fʌdʒ] v 伪造或歪曲；逃避（某事）；回避 编辑：李雪晴 左卓 参考来源：The Cut

神仙组合凯特·温斯莱特和西尔莎·罗南的心灵碰撞、老戏骨罗伯特·德尼罗和摩根·弗里曼的再度合作、安吉丽娜·朱莉再次演绎童话大片、艾米·亚当斯和格伦·克洛斯角逐奥斯卡奖的力作、配音阵容超豪华的《疯狂原始人2》……11月的电影最不缺的就是大牌影星。 Credit:Ascot Elite Entertainment Group Ammonite 《菊石》 Kate Winslet plays Mary Anning, the Victorian fossil hunter whose discoveries on the Dorset coast made her a heroine to palaeontologists, but who was never quite accepted by male scientists in her lifetime. Saoirse Ronan plays Charlotte Murchison, an aspiring geologist who visits Anning’s home in Lyme Regis. BBC Culture’s Caryn James says that Francis Lee’s “exquisite” period romance is “visually stunning, emotionally enduring [and] brutally honest”. 凯特·温斯莱特饰演维多利亚时代的化石猎人玛丽·安宁，她在多赛特郡海岸的发现使她成为古生物学家心目中的女英雄，但是她始终不能被同时代的男性科学家完全接纳。西尔莎·罗南饰演胸怀大志的地质学家夏洛特·默奇森，她拜访了安宁在来木镇的家。BBC文化频道的卡琳·詹姆斯表示，弗朗西斯·李的这部“优美的”年代爱情电影“具有视觉冲击力、情感持久力，而且极其坦诚”。 Released on 13 November in the US 该片将于11月13日在美国上映。 Credit:Warner Bros. Pictures The Comeback Trail 《回归之路》 This retro Hollywood caper probably won’t rank as the best film ever made by its three venerable stars, Robert De Niro, Morgan Freeman and Tommy Lee Jones, but it does look fun. Besides, the last time its writer-director, George Gallo, wrote a screenplay for De Niro, it was Midnight Run , and that does rank as one of his best. A remake of a little-seen comedy set in 1974, The Comeback Trail features De Niro and Zach Braff as a pair of low-rent producers who owe a fortune to a homicidal gangster (Morgan Freeman). Their solution: hire a washed-up western star (Jones), encourage him to do his own dangerous stunts in a cowboy movie, and collect the insurance cheque if, and when, he is killed. 这部复古风的好莱坞电影可能不会是罗伯特·德尼罗、摩根·弗里曼和汤米·李·琼斯这三位可敬的演员拍过的最好的电影，但是这部片子看起来确实挺有趣。而且，本片导演兼编剧乔治·加洛上一次为德尼罗编写剧本的电影《午夜狂奔》确实是德尼罗的最佳作品之一。该片翻拍自1974年一部鲜为人知的喜剧电影，德尼罗和扎克·布拉夫在新片中饰演一对三流制片人，他们欠了嗜杀成性的黑帮大佬（摩根·弗里曼饰演）一大笔钱。他们的出路是雇佣一个自暴自弃的西部明星（琼斯饰演），鼓励他在一部牛仔电影中做危险的特技表演，然后在他意外死亡时骗取保险金。 Released on 12 November in the Netherlands and 20 November in Iceland and Sweden 该片将于11月12日在荷兰上映，11月20日在冰岛和瑞典上映。 Credit:Fred Films Come Away 《远走高飞》 Earlier this year, Wendy retold the story of Peter Pan as an American fantasy drama. Next year, there’s Peter Pan and Wendy , with Jude Law as Captain Hook. And in the meantime, we’ve got Come Away , a prequel to both Peter Pan and Alice in Wonderland . The first live-action film to be directed by Brenda Chapman (Brave), Come Away reimagines Peter and Alice as a brother and sister who live in Victorian England with their loving parents (Angelina Jolie and David Oyelowo). A family tragedy prompts them to retreat into fantasy worlds populated by strange caricatures of the people they know. Lorry Kikta of Film Threat calls Come Away “pure magic... a heart-rending, joyful, and gorgeous movie for kids [that] doesn’t hesitate to dazzle even the most jaded of adults”. 今年早些时候，温蒂在一部美国奇幻电影中重新讲述了彼得·潘的故事，明年还将上映一部由裘德·洛饰演虎克船长的《彼得·潘与温蒂》。与此同时，我们还有《彼得·潘》和《爱丽丝梦游仙境》的前传《远走高飞》。这是布兰达∙查普曼（《勇敢传说》导演）执导的首部真人电影，在本片中彼得和爱丽丝是一对兄妹，他们同慈爱的父母（安吉丽娜·朱莉和大卫·奥伊罗饰演）一起住在维多利亚时代的英国。一场家庭的悲剧迫使他们退隐到自己想象出的奇幻世界，这里的居住者们都是他们认识的人的古怪写照。《电影威胁》杂志的洛里·基克塔评价《远走高飞》“非常神奇，是一部令人心碎又快乐的儿童佳片，即使是最心灰意冷的成人也会被打动”。 Released on 13 November in the US, Canada and Spain 该片将于11月13日在美国、加拿大和西班牙上映。 Credit:Netflix Hillbilly Elegy 《乡下人的悲歌》 JD Vance’s fraught account of his poverty-stricken Appalachian upbringing in Ohio was a New York Times bestseller in 2016, when it was viewed by some commentators as a window into the soul of US white working-class. The film of Hillbilly Elegy is directed by Ron Howard ( Apollo 13 , A Beautiful Mind ) and written by Vanessa Taylor ( The Shape of Water ). Both writer and director have worked on Oscar-winning hits, but awards-watchers have their eyes on its two female stars: Amy Adams plays Vance’s unstable, drug-addicted mother, and Glenn Close is the tough grandmother who raised him. “Between them,” notes Yohana Desta in Vanity Fair, “the pair have 13 total Oscar nominations but zero wins – making Hillbilly one of the more intriguing titles on this year’s awards circuit. Will one of them finally break their Oscar spell next year and land an acting statuette? Will both of them win? It’s possible!” J.D.万斯于2016年登顶《纽约时报》排行榜的畅销书《乡下人的悲歌》讲述了自己在俄亥俄州阿巴拉契亚山脉穷苦和忧患重重的成长经历，该书被一些评论家视为窥探美国劳动阶级白人灵魂的窗口。改编自该书的同名电影由朗·霍华德（《阿波罗13号》和《美丽心灵》导演）执导，瓦内莎·泰勒（《水形物语》编剧）担任编剧。导演和编剧的作品都曾获得过奥斯卡奖，但是片中的两位女星则被视为奥斯卡奖的有力角逐者。艾米·亚当斯饰演万斯的喜怒无常的“瘾君子”母亲，而格伦·克洛斯饰演将他养大的顽强祖母。《名利场》杂志的尤汉娜·德斯塔指出：“这两人一共获得了13次奥斯卡奖提名，但从未获得过奥斯卡奖杯，这使得《乡下人的悲歌》成为今年有望角逐奥斯卡奖的电影之一。明年她俩当中是否有一人能够打破奥斯卡魔咒，获得一座最佳表演奖小金人呢？或者两个人都获奖？这也是有可能的！” On Netflix from 24 November 本片将于11月24日在奈飞平台上线。 Credit:Universal Picture The Croods: A New Age 《疯狂原始人2：新纪元》 The prehistoric family from 2013’s hugely enjoyable cartoon, The Croods , makes a welcome return, so we can expect more frenetic adventures, bizarre hybrid animals, and endearing vocal work by such well-cast actors as Nicolas Cage, Catherine Keener, Emma Stone and Ryan Reynolds. In the much-delayed sequel, they meet another family, the Bettermans (voiced by Peter Dinklage, Leslie Mann and Kelly Marie Tran), whose advanced lifestyle and technology makes the Croods look even more primitive than they did already. “The Croods lead with their heart, and the Bettermans lead with their brain,” says Joel Crawford, the film’s director. “Of course, there’s conflict, they face challenges, but they learn to appreciate each other’s differences. There’s a lot of wonderful, powerful themes. But it’s a ridiculous comedy too.” 2013年的超欢乐动画《疯狂原始人》中的史前家庭即将在万众期待中回归，我们有望看到更疯狂的冒险、古怪的杂交动物，听到尼古拉斯·凯奇、凯瑟琳·基纳、艾玛·斯通和瑞恩·雷诺兹等杰出演员的可爱配音。在这部姗姗来迟的续集中，这家人遇到了另一个家庭——贝特曼斯一家（由彼特·丁拉基、莱斯利·曼恩和凯莉·玛丽·陈配音）。这家人先进的生活方式和技术使得本就原始的克鲁兹一家显得更加原始。该片的导演乔尔·克劳福德表示：“克鲁兹一家是用心去生活，贝特曼斯一家是用大脑去生活。当然，冲突是存在的，他们也面临挑战，但他们学会欣赏彼此的不同。电影中有很多奇妙、有力的主题。但这也是一部荒诞的喜剧片。” Released on 25 November in the US and 26 November in Singapore 该片将于11月25日在美国上映，11月26日在新加坡上映。 英文来源：BBC 翻译&编辑：丹妮

Credit:Ascot Elite Entertainment Group Ammonite Kate Winslet plays Mary Anning, the Victorian fossil hunter whose discoveries on the Dorset coast made her a heroine to palaeontologists, but who was never quite accepted by male scientists in her lifetime. Saoirse Ronan plays Charlotte Murchison, an aspiring geologist who visits Anning’s home in Lyme Regis. BBC Culture’s Caryn James says that Francis Lee’s “exquisite” period romance is “visually stunning, emotionally enduring [and] brutally honest”. Released on 13 November in the US Credit:Warner Bros. Pictures The Comeback Trail This retro Hollywood caper probably won’t rank as the best film ever made by its three venerable stars, Robert De Niro, Morgan Freeman and Tommy Lee Jones, but it does look fun. Besides, the last time its writer-director, George Gallo, wrote a screenplay for De Niro, it was Midnight Run , and that does rank as one of his best. A remake of a little-seen comedy set in 1974, The Comeback Trail features De Niro and Zach Braff as a pair of low-rent producers who owe a fortune to a homicidal gangster (Morgan Freeman). Their solution: hire a washed-up western star (Jones), encourage him to do his own dangerous stunts in a cowboy movie, and collect the insurance cheque if, and when, he is killed. Released on 12 November in the Netherlands and 20 November in Iceland and Sweden Credit:Fred Films Come Away Earlier this year, Wendy retold the story of Peter Pan as an American fantasy drama. Next year, there’s Peter Pan and Wendy , with Jude Law as Captain Hook. And in the meantime, we’ve got Come Away , a prequel to both Peter Pan and Alice in Wonderland . The first live-action film to be directed by Brenda Chapman (Brave), Come Away reimagines Peter and Alice as a brother and sister who live in Victorian England with their loving parents (Angelina Jolie and David Oyelowo). A family tragedy prompts them to retreat into fantasy worlds populated by strange caricatures of the people they know. Lorry Kikta of Film Threat calls Come Away “pure magic... a heart-rending, joyful, and gorgeous movie for kids [that] doesn’t hesitate to dazzle even the most jaded of adults”. Released on 13 November in the US, Canada and Spain Credit:Netflix Hillbilly Elegy JD Vance’s fraught account of his poverty-stricken Appalachian upbringing in Ohio was a New York Times bestseller in 2016, when it was viewed by some commentators as a window into the soul of US white working-class. The film of Hillbilly Elegy is directed by Ron Howard ( Apollo 13 , A Beautiful Mind ) and written by Vanessa Taylor ( The Shape of Water ). Both writer and director have worked on Oscar-winning hits, but awards-watchers have their eyes on its two female stars: Amy Adams plays Vance’s unstable, drug-addicted mother, and Glenn Close is the tough grandmother who raised him. “Between them,” notes Yohana Desta in Vanity Fair, “the pair have 13 total Oscar nominations but zero wins – making Hillbilly one of the more intriguing titles on this year’s awards circuit. Will one of them finally break their Oscar spell next year and land an acting statuette? Will both of them win? It’s possible!” On Netflix from 24 November Credit:Universal Picture The Croods: A New Age The prehistoric family from 2013’s hugely enjoyable cartoon, The Croods , makes a welcome return, so we can expect more frenetic adventures, bizarre hybrid animals, and endearing vocal work by such well-cast actors as Nicolas Cage, Catherine Keener, Emma Stone and Ryan Reynolds. In the much-delayed sequel, they meet another family, the Bettermans (voiced by Peter Dinklage, Leslie Mann and Kelly Marie Tran), whose advanced lifestyle and technology makes the Croods look even more primitive than they did already. “The Croods lead with their heart, and the Bettermans lead with their brain,” says Joel Crawford, the film’s director. “Of course, there’s conflict, they face challenges, but they learn to appreciate each other’s differences. There’s a lot of wonderful, powerful themes. But it’s a ridiculous comedy too.” Released on 25 November in the US and 26 November in Singapore

神仙组合凯特·温斯莱特和西尔莎·罗南的心灵碰撞、老戏骨罗伯特·德尼罗和摩根·弗里曼的再度合作、安吉丽娜·朱莉再次演绎童话大片、艾米·亚当斯和格伦·克洛斯角逐奥斯卡奖的力作、配音阵容超豪华的《疯狂原始人2》……11月的电影最不缺的就是大牌影星。 《菊石》 凯特·温斯莱特饰演维多利亚时代的化石猎人玛丽·安宁，她在多赛特郡海岸的发现使她成为古生物学家心目中的女英雄，但是她始终不能被同时代的男性科学家完全接纳。西尔莎·罗南饰演胸怀大志的地质学家夏洛特·默奇森，她拜访了安宁在来木镇的家。BBC文化频道的卡琳·詹姆斯表示，弗朗西斯·李的这部“优美的”年代爱情电影“具有视觉冲击力、情感持久力，而且极其坦诚”。 该片将于11月13日在美国上映。 《回归之路》 这部复古风的好莱坞电影可能不会是罗伯特·德尼罗、摩根·弗里曼和汤米·李·琼斯这三位可敬的演员拍过的最好的电影，但是这部片子看起来确实挺有趣。而且，本片导演兼编剧乔治·加洛上一次为德尼罗编写剧本的电影《午夜狂奔》确实是德尼罗的最佳作品之一。该片翻拍自1974年一部鲜为人知的喜剧电影，德尼罗和扎克·布拉夫在新片中饰演一对三流制片人，他们欠了嗜杀成性的黑帮大佬（摩根·弗里曼饰演）一大笔钱。他们的出路是雇佣一个自暴自弃的西部明星（琼斯饰演），鼓励他在一部牛仔电影中做危险的特技表演，然后在他意外死亡时骗取保险金。 该片将于11月12日在荷兰上映，11月20日在冰岛和瑞典上映。 《远走高飞》 今年早些时候，温蒂在一部美国奇幻电影中重新讲述了彼得·潘的故事，明年还将上映一部由裘德·洛饰演虎克船长的《彼得·潘与温蒂》。与此同时，我们还有《彼得·潘》和《爱丽丝梦游仙境》的前传《远走高飞》。这是布兰达∙查普曼（《勇敢传说》导演）执导的首部真人电影，在本片中彼得和爱丽丝是一对兄妹，他们同慈爱的父母（安吉丽娜·朱莉和大卫·奥伊罗饰演）一起住在维多利亚时代的英国。一场家庭的悲剧迫使他们退隐到自己想象出的奇幻世界，这里的居住者们都是他们认识的人的古怪写照。《电影威胁》杂志的洛里·基克塔评价《远走高飞》“非常神奇，是一部令人心碎又快乐的儿童佳片，即使是最心灰意冷的成人也会被打动”。 该片将于11月13日在美国、加拿大和西班牙上映。 《乡下人的悲歌》 J.D.万斯于2016年登顶《纽约时报》排行榜的畅销书《乡下人的悲歌》讲述了自己在俄亥俄州阿巴拉契亚山脉穷苦和忧患重重的成长经历，该书被一些评论家视为窥探美国劳动阶级白人灵魂的窗口。改编自该书的同名电影由朗·霍华德（《阿波罗13号》和《美丽心灵》导演）执导，瓦内莎·泰勒（《水形物语》编剧）担任编剧。导演和编剧的作品都曾获得过奥斯卡奖，但是片中的两位女星则被视为奥斯卡奖的有力角逐者。艾米·亚当斯饰演万斯的喜怒无常的“瘾君子”母亲，而格伦·克洛斯饰演将他养大的顽强祖母。《名利场》杂志的尤汉娜·德斯塔指出：“这两人一共获得了13次奥斯卡奖提名，但从未获得过奥斯卡奖杯，这使得《乡下人的悲歌》成为今年有望角逐奥斯卡奖的电影之一。明年她俩当中是否有一人能够打破奥斯卡魔咒，获得一座最佳表演奖小金人呢？或者两个人都获奖？这也是有可能的！” 本片将于11月24日在奈飞平台上线。 《疯狂原始人2：新纪元》 2013年的超欢乐动画《疯狂原始人》中的史前家庭即将在万众期待中回归，我们有望看到更疯狂的冒险、古怪的杂交动物，听到尼古拉斯·凯奇、凯瑟琳·基纳、艾玛·斯通和瑞恩·雷诺兹等杰出演员的可爱配音。在这部姗姗来迟的续集中，这家人遇到了另一个家庭——贝特曼斯一家（由彼特·丁拉基、莱斯利·曼恩和凯莉·玛丽·陈配音）。这家人先进的生活方式和技术使得本就原始的克鲁兹一家显得更加原始。该片的导演乔尔·克劳福德表示：“克鲁兹一家是用心去生活，贝特曼斯一家是用大脑去生活。当然，冲突是存在的，他们也面临挑战，但他们学会欣赏彼此的不同。电影中有很多奇妙、有力的主题。但这也是一部荒诞的喜剧片。” 该片将于11月25日在美国上映，11月26日在新加坡上映。 英文来源：BBC 翻译&编辑：丹妮

不同国家有不同的废弃物分类体系。各国采取的规则通常取决于该国现有的废弃物管理技术以及政府的未来规划。来看看各国的垃圾分类文化。 Photo by Paweł Czerwiński on Unsplash What Indonesians do with their trashes 印尼人如何处理垃圾 One thing for sure: it’s never too hard to throw your garbage in Indonesia. What Indonesians commonly do is putting our trashes in our personal garbage area which usually located at the front of our house, right at the side of the street. Put it there, and the garbage collectors with their big garbage truck or rusty garbage stroller will pick our trashes up. 有一件事可以肯定：在印尼扔垃圾从来不会太难。印尼人通常将垃圾放置在个人垃圾区域内，一般位于屋前、紧靠路边。之后，垃圾回收人员会用大型垃圾卡车或铁锈色垃圾推车将垃圾收走。 Things aren’t quite different if you live in the apartment complex in Indonesia. Collect it, wrap it in a tight plastic bag if you wish, then put it outside your room or a special corner in your floor hallway, designated for a waste collection area. 如果住在印尼的公寓楼里，情况也大同小异。将垃圾集中起来，愿意的话可以用塑料袋包紧，再放于房门外或楼道里指定作为垃圾回收区域的专用角落即可。 Waste collection bill in Indonesia is expected to be paid personally to the garbage collection agent – no tax added, it’s simply a cost for garbage workers fee and garbage truck transportation fee. Bring your wastes to your nearest dumping site or landfill and you don’t need to pay for anything. 在印尼，垃圾回收费用应由个人支付给垃圾回收机构——无须缴税，仅包括垃圾工的人力和垃圾车的运输费用。如果自己将垃圾送至最近的垃圾场或填埋场，则无须支付任何费用。 That’s it. It’s that simple. 仅此而已，就这么简单。 Imagine how much culture shock an Indonesian would suffer when they – let’s say – living in a country famous for its sophisticated waste sorting system such as Japan, South Korea or Germany – a place where public-shaming1 and penalty fee for a failure in obeying the waste sorting rules is more likely to happen? 试想一下，印尼人若是住在以成熟的废弃物分类体系闻名的国家，比如日本、韩国或德国，会遭受多么严重的文化冲击？——在这些国家，不遵守废弃物分类规定往往为人所不齿，还会被处以罚款。 Germany: The leader of the world’s waste-recycling race 德国：全球废弃物循环利用领先者 Germany is the country with the world’s number one recycling system. The country has a quite detailed way of sorting their waste – down to the colour of the glass waste you wished to throw away, the type of paper that could be put inside the paper waste bin, separate bin for metals, another different bin for plastic, another different bin for ceramic or broken glass, etc. 德国拥有世界最好的循环利用体系。该国的废弃物分类十分细致——细到根据玻璃的颜色分别丢弃，根据纸张的类型确定能否扔进纸张回收箱，金属、塑料、陶瓷、碎玻璃等也都有各自不同的回收箱。 Here below are what you should know about Germany’s waste sorting system: 关于德国的废弃物分类体系，应当了解以下这些信息： ·You are expected to gather your waste in your apartment/housing area’s local public garbage bins along with the other residents. ·须和其他住户一样，将垃圾集中至所在公寓/ 住宅区的公共垃圾箱中。 ·There are commonly 7 public garbage bins available in the German’s apartment/housing area: ·德国的公寓/住宅区通常提供七种垃圾箱： 1. Blue bin – for paper and cardboard, greasy pizza box goes to the gray bin! 蓝箱——投放纸张和纸板，油腻的披萨盒要投进灰箱中！ 2. Green and white bin – for glass, different bins for different glass colors, not available for Christmas ornaments and light bulbs! 绿白箱——投放玻璃，不同颜色的玻璃投进不同的箱子，不接受圣诞装饰和灯泡！ 3. Yellow/orange bin – for plastic and metals 黄/橙箱——投放塑料和金属 4. Brown bin – biodegradable2 goods 棕箱——可生物降解的产品 5. Gray/black bin – everything else that can’t be recycled such as used diaper, kitty litter, animal waste, and ashes 灰/黑箱——所有其他不能循环利用的东西，比如用过的尿布、猫砂、动物废弃物和灰烬 ·Some items do not belong in your apartment/housing area’s public garbage bins. Items like used batteries, electronics, unused paints, light bulbs, and appliances must be returned to the special agents/locations so they can be recycled. Other items such as clothes, shoes, and oversized trash and furniture are advised to be sold or donated. ·有些物品不能扔进所在公寓/住宅区的公共垃圾箱内。包括使用过的电池、电子产品、未使用过的涂料、灯泡和家电在内的物品，须送回专门机构/地点进行回收利用。其他物品，如衣物、鞋子以及大型垃圾和家具，建议出售或捐赠。 ·There’s this thing called Pfand3 in Germany, a certain portion of the price on a bottled drink that you get back if you return said bottle to a certified outlet. German law requires all shops over a certain size selling bottled drinks have to have a Pfandrückgabestelle4, or place to return bottles with deposits. ·在德国，还有所谓的饮料瓶押金，占瓶装饮料价格的一定比例，如果将瓶子送回经过认证的商场，即可退还押金。德国法律规定，所有超过一定规模且销售瓶装饮料的商店，都须设置押金退还点，回收附带押金的饮料瓶。 Photo by Patricia Valério on Unsplash South Korea: A role model in the effort of reducing waste 韩国：减少废弃物的楷模 South Koreans used to not really care about how to sort their waste too, but in the year 1995, their government took a different path from most of the other countries: they establish a systematic and strict waste management standard to ensure the stability of their future economy. Their government knows for sure that a good waste management system brings lots of good things: money-saving, environmentcaring, and that means more opportunities to grow and expand. 韩国人也曾对废弃物分类毫不在意，但1995年，该国政府和多数其他国家选择了不同的道路：通过建立系统、严格的废弃物管理标准，确保未来的经济稳定。韩国政府确信，好的废弃物管理体系能带来诸多益处：省钱、环保，从而获得更多增长和发展的机会。 South Korea’s success in changing their people’s behavior and mindset towards waste management is a given5, considering how thorough and how strong their intentions in reducing waste. They did almost everything to ensure their waste reduction, the monetary rewards for offender’s information are just one of them. 鉴于韩国减少废弃物的决心之彻底和强烈，国民有关废弃物管理的行为和心态得以成功转变不足为奇。政府尽一切可能减少废弃物，针对提供违规者情报发放酬金只是措施之一。 One of the most notable technologies that South Koreans use in their waste management system is the electronic food waste bin equipped with RFID (Radio-Frequency Identification)6. People will have to tap their identification card before they could throw their waste into the public garbage bin. The garbage bin will then measure the weight of the trashes, calculate and accumulate it, and then send the garbage bill to the said person. 韩国最引人注目的废弃物管理技术是配备射频识别的电子食物废弃箱。每个人都必须刷身份证，才能将废弃物投至公共垃圾箱中。垃圾箱会对废弃物称重，计算并累计，再将垃圾回收账单寄给相应的投放人。 The food waste reduction is done not only by preventing their residents to make it in the first place, but also by utilizing it as their cattle food and biogas7 material. 为了减少食品废弃物，该国不仅从源头上限制居民产生此类垃圾，还将废弃的食物用作养牛的饲料或生物气体的原料。 Here below several interesting things you might want to know about South Korea’s waste management system. 以下几个关于韩国废弃物管理体系的有趣事实，或许能引起你的兴趣。 Almost similar to Germany, a public garbage area existed in the housing/apartment in South Korea. You are expected to sort your waste without fail8 and put it into the right disposal bins. Here are the types of garbage bin provided in South Korea: 与德国类似，韩国的住宅/公寓有公共垃圾回收区域。居民须准确无误地将废弃物分类并投入正确的垃圾箱中。韩国有以下几种垃圾箱： ·Food Waste, anything that could be eaten by animals ·食品废弃物，任何动物可以吃的东西 ·Recyclable Waste ·可循环利用的废弃物 ·Oversized Waste, mostly electronic and furniture ·大型废弃物，多为电子产品和家具 ·General Waste, anything that doesn’t belong to the other types ·一般废弃物，一切不属于其他类型的物品 It might sound much simpler but don’t be too careless, because South Korea has a pretty strict rule and many exceptions about what items considered as what waste and so on. 分类可能听起来颇为简单，但可不能掉以轻心，因为韩国的规定非常严格，而且关于哪些物品属于哪类废弃物等，有许多例外。 For instance, because food waste bin is reserved for anything that can be eaten by animals, eggshells, crustacean shells, and bones are fairly prohibited from it. You are going to have to separate the bones from your meat waste, put the meat waste in the food waste bin and put the rest of the bones in the general waste bin. 例如，食物废弃箱仅回收动物可以吃的东西，因此理所当然禁止投放蛋壳、甲壳类动物的壳和骨头。骨头须和肉分开，肉扔进食物废弃箱中，剩下的骨头则扔进一般废弃物箱中。 Another thing to keep in mind about South Korea’s waste management system: 关于韩国废弃物管理体系，还需要记住： ·Each district in South Korea has its own official garbage bag. You will have to use the one that is exclusive to the place you live in. The garbage bags could be bought at the local supermarket. ·韩国每个区都有官方提供的垃圾袋。须使用居住地区专属垃圾袋。垃圾袋可以在当地超市购买。 ·In South Korea, the cost of garbage collection and disposal is included in the price of the garbage bags you purchase. This is why South Korea is setting the price of their garbage bags based on the type of waste and the volume of it. ·在韩国，垃圾袋的价格包含了垃圾回收和处理的成本。因此，韩国垃圾袋的定价取决于废弃物的种类和分量。 A thought for the day 今日收获 Rome isn’t built in a day, the same thing applies to a great waste management system. It’s a collective kind of efforts, it has to be supported by the government and all the people, it should be started by a simple way of waste sorting, and it needs to begin from our home. Proper waste sorting isn’t a hard thing to learn and remember, but it needs to be supported by your family members and your surroundings in order for you to gain benefits from it. 罗马不是一日建成的，良好的废弃物管理体系也不是。众人拾柴火焰高，政府和全体人民的支持必不可少，体系的建立应从家家户户简单的废弃物分类开始。合理的废弃物分类并不难学习和记忆，但需要家庭成员和外部环境的支持，方能取得成效。 注释： 1. public-shaming 在公众面前蒙羞。 2. biodegradable 可生物降解的：指材料在生物体内通过溶解、酶解、细胞吞噬等作用，可被吸收或排出，在体内不存在残留。 3. Pfand〈德语〉押金。 4. Pfandrückgabestelle〈德语〉押金退还点。 5. given 理所应当之事。 6. 射频识别，也称无线射频识别，一种通信技术，通过无线电信号识别特定目标并读写相关数据，而无需识别系统与目标之间的机械或光学接触。 7. biogas 生物气体，尤指沼气。 8. without fail 不出差错地。 来源：《英语世界》杂志 作者：阿曼达·巴林尼（Amanda Bahraini） 译者：陈天怡

What Indonesians do with their trashes One thing for sure: it’s never too hard to throw your garbage in Indonesia. What Indonesians commonly do is putting our trashes in our personal garbage area which usually located at the front of our house, right at the side of the street. Put it there, and the garbage collectors with their big garbage truck or rusty garbage stroller will pick our trashes up. Things aren’t quite different if you live in the apartment complex in Indonesia. Collect it, wrap it in a tight plastic bag if you wish, then put it outside your room or a special corner in your floor hallway, designated for a waste collection area. Waste collection bill in Indonesia is expected to be paid personally to the garbage collection agent – no tax added, it’s simply a cost for garbage workers fee and garbage truck transportation fee. Bring your wastes to your nearest dumping site or landfill and you don’t need to pay for anything. That’s it. It’s that simple. Imagine how much culture shock an Indonesian would suffer when they – let’s say – living in a country famous for its sophisticated waste sorting system such as Japan, South Korea or Germany – a place where public-shaming1 and penalty fee for a failure in obeying the waste sorting rules is more likely to happen? Germany: The leader of the world’s waste-recycling race Germany is the country with the world’s number one recycling system. The country has a quite detailed way of sorting their waste – down to the colour of the glass waste you wished to throw away, the type of paper that could be put inside the paper waste bin, separate bin for metals, another different bin for plastic, another different bin for ceramic or broken glass, etc. Here below are what you should know about Germany’s waste sorting system: ·You are expected to gather your waste in your apartment/housing area’s local public garbage bins along with the other residents. ·There are commonly 7 public garbage bins available in the German’s apartment/housing area: 1. Blue bin – for paper and cardboard, greasy pizza box goes to the gray bin! 2. Green and white bin – for glass, different bins for different glass colors, not available for Christmas ornaments and light bulbs! 3. Yellow/orange bin – for plastic and metals 4. Brown bin – biodegradable2 goods 5. Gray/black bin – everything else that can’t be recycled such as used diaper, kitty litter, animal waste, and ashes ·Some items do not belong in your apartment/housing area’s public garbage bins. Items like used batteries, electronics, unused paints, light bulbs, and appliances must be returned to the special agents/locations so they can be recycled. Other items such as clothes, shoes, and oversized trash and furniture are advised to be sold or donated. South Korea: A role model in the effort of reducing waste South Koreans used to not really care about how to sort their waste too, but in the year 1995, their government took a different path from most of the other countries: they establish a systematic and strict waste management standard to ensure the stability of their future economy. Their government knows for sure that a good waste management system brings lots of good things: money-saving, environmentcaring, and that means more opportunities to grow and expand. South Korea’s success in changing their people’s behavior and mindset towards waste management is a given5, considering how thorough and how strong their intentions in reducing waste. They did almost everything to ensure their waste reduction, the monetary rewards for offender’s information are just one of them. One of the most notable technologies that South Koreans use in their waste management system is the electronic food waste bin equipped with RFID (Radio-Frequency Identification)6. People will have to tap their identification card before they could throw their waste into the public garbage bin. The garbage bin will then measure the weight of the trashes, calculate and accumulate it, and then send the garbage bill to the said person. The food waste reduction is done not only by preventing their residents to make it in the first place, but also by utilizing it as their cattle food and biogas7 material. Here below several interesting things you might want to know about South Korea’s waste management system. Almost similar to Germany, a public garbage area existed in the housing/apartment in South Korea. You are expected to sort your waste without fail8 and put it into the right disposal bins. Here are the types of garbage bin provided in South Korea: ·Food Waste, anything that could be eaten by animals ·Recyclable Waste ·Oversized Waste, mostly electronic and furniture ·General Waste, anything that doesn’t belong to the other types It might sound much simpler but don’t be too careless, because South Korea has a pretty strict rule and many exceptions about what items considered as what waste and so on. For instance, because food waste bin is reserved for anything that can be eaten by animals, eggshells, crustacean shells, and bones are fairly prohibited from it. You are going to have to separate the bones from your meat waste, put the meat waste in the food waste bin and put the rest of the bones in the general waste bin. Another thing to keep in mind about South Korea’s waste management system: ·Each district in South Korea has its own official garbage bag. You will have to use the one that is exclusive to the place you live in. The garbage bags could be bought at the local supermarket. ·In South Korea, the cost of garbage collection and disposal is included in the price of the garbage bags you purchase. This is why South Korea is setting the price of their garbage bags based on the type of waste and the volume of it. A thought for the day Rome isn’t built in a day, the same thing applies to a great waste management system. It’s a collective kind of efforts, it has to be supported by the government and all the people, it should be started by a simple way of waste sorting, and it needs to begin from our home. Proper waste sorting isn’t a hard thing to learn and remember, but it needs to be supported by your family members and your surroundings in order for you to gain benefits from it.

不同国家有不同的废弃物分类体系。各国采取的规则通常取决于该国现有的废弃物管理技术以及政府的未来规划。来看看各国的垃圾分类文化。 Photo by Paweł Czerwiński on Unsplash 印尼人如何处理垃圾 有一件事可以肯定：在印尼扔垃圾从来不会太难。印尼人通常将垃圾放置在个人垃圾区域内，一般位于屋前、紧靠路边。之后，垃圾回收人员会用大型垃圾卡车或铁锈色垃圾推车将垃圾收走。 如果住在印尼的公寓楼里，情况也大同小异。将垃圾集中起来，愿意的话可以用塑料袋包紧，再放于房门外或楼道里指定作为垃圾回收区域的专用角落即可。 在印尼，垃圾回收费用应由个人支付给垃圾回收机构——无须缴税，仅包括垃圾工的人力和垃圾车的运输费用。如果自己将垃圾送至最近的垃圾场或填埋场，则无须支付任何费用。 仅此而已，就这么简单。 试想一下，印尼人若是住在以成熟的废弃物分类体系闻名的国家，比如日本、韩国或德国，会遭受多么严重的文化冲击？——在这些国家，不遵守废弃物分类规定往往为人所不齿，还会被处以罚款。 德国：全球废弃物循环利用领先者 德国拥有世界最好的循环利用体系。该国的废弃物分类十分细致——细到根据玻璃的颜色分别丢弃，根据纸张的类型确定能否扔进纸张回收箱，金属、塑料、陶瓷、碎玻璃等也都有各自不同的回收箱。 关于德国的废弃物分类体系，应当了解以下这些信息： ·须和其他住户一样，将垃圾集中至所在公寓/ 住宅区的公共垃圾箱中。 ·德国的公寓/住宅区通常提供七种垃圾箱： 蓝箱——投放纸张和纸板，油腻的披萨盒要投进灰箱中！ 绿白箱——投放玻璃，不同颜色的玻璃投进不同的箱子，不接受圣诞装饰和灯泡！ 黄/橙箱——投放塑料和金属 棕箱——可生物降解的产品 灰/黑箱——所有其他不能循环利用的东西，比如用过的尿布、猫砂、动物废弃物和灰烬 ·有些物品不能扔进所在公寓/住宅区的公共垃圾箱内。包括使用过的电池、电子产品、未使用过的涂料、灯泡和家电在内的物品，须送回专门机构/地点进行回收利用。其他物品，如衣物、鞋子以及大型垃圾和家具，建议出售或捐赠。 ·There’s this thing called Pfand3 in Germany, a certain portion of the price on a bottled drink that you get back if you return said bottle to a certified outlet. German law requires all shops over a certain size selling bottled drinks have to have a Pfandrückgabestelle4, or place to return bottles with deposits. ·在德国，还有所谓的饮料瓶押金，占瓶装饮料价格的一定比例，如果将瓶子送回经过认证的商场，即可退还押金。德国法律规定，所有超过一定规模且销售瓶装饮料的商店，都须设置押金退还点，回收附带押金的饮料瓶。 Photo by Patricia Valério on Unsplash 韩国：减少废弃物的楷模 韩国人也曾对废弃物分类毫不在意，但1995年，该国政府和多数其他国家选择了不同的道路：通过建立系统、严格的废弃物管理标准，确保未来的经济稳定。韩国政府确信，好的废弃物管理体系能带来诸多益处：省钱、环保，从而获得更多增长和发展的机会。 鉴于韩国减少废弃物的决心之彻底和强烈，国民有关废弃物管理的行为和心态得以成功转变不足为奇。政府尽一切可能减少废弃物，针对提供违规者情报发放酬金只是措施之一。 韩国最引人注目的废弃物管理技术是配备射频识别的电子食物废弃箱。每个人都必须刷身份证，才能将废弃物投至公共垃圾箱中。垃圾箱会对废弃物称重，计算并累计，再将垃圾回收账单寄给相应的投放人。 为了减少食品废弃物，该国不仅从源头上限制居民产生此类垃圾，还将废弃的食物用作养牛的饲料或生物气体的原料。 以下几个关于韩国废弃物管理体系的有趣事实，或许能引起你的兴趣。 与德国类似，韩国的住宅/公寓有公共垃圾回收区域。居民须准确无误地将废弃物分类并投入正确的垃圾箱中。韩国有以下几种垃圾箱： ·食品废弃物，任何动物可以吃的东西 ·可循环利用的废弃物 ·大型废弃物，多为电子产品和家具 ·一般废弃物，一切不属于其他类型的物品 分类可能听起来颇为简单，但可不能掉以轻心，因为韩国的规定非常严格，而且关于哪些物品属于哪类废弃物等，有许多例外。 例如，食物废弃箱仅回收动物可以吃的东西，因此理所当然禁止投放蛋壳、甲壳类动物的壳和骨头。骨头须和肉分开，肉扔进食物废弃箱中，剩下的骨头则扔进一般废弃物箱中。 关于韩国废弃物管理体系，还需要记住： ·韩国每个区都有官方提供的垃圾袋。须使用居住地区专属垃圾袋。垃圾袋可以在当地超市购买。 ·在韩国，垃圾袋的价格包含了垃圾回收和处理的成本。因此，韩国垃圾袋的定价取决于废弃物的种类和分量。 今日收获 罗马不是一日建成的，良好的废弃物管理体系也不是。众人拾柴火焰高，政府和全体人民的支持必不可少，体系的建立应从家家户户简单的废弃物分类开始。合理的废弃物分类并不难学习和记忆，但需要家庭成员和外部环境的支持，方能取得成效。 注释： 1. public-shaming 在公众面前蒙羞。 2. biodegradable 可生物降解的：指材料在生物体内通过溶解、酶解、细胞吞噬等作用，可被吸收或排出，在体内不存在残留。 3. Pfand〈德语〉押金。 4. Pfandrückgabestelle〈德语〉押金退还点。 5. given 理所应当之事。 6. 射频识别，也称无线射频识别，一种通信技术，通过无线电信号识别特定目标并读写相关数据，而无需识别系统与目标之间的机械或光学接触。 7. biogas 生物气体，尤指沼气。 8. without fail 不出差错地。 来源：《英语世界》杂志 作者：阿曼达·巴林尼（Amanda Bahraini） 译者：陈天怡

在大学四年的的生活中，与我们联系最为紧密的就是朝夕相处的室友们。也许你们惺惺相惜，成为了很好的朋友。也许气场不和，总有各种各样的矛盾，无法共处一室。 但无论如何，如何与室友相处，都是我们曾经思考过的问题。本期的文章就提供了10个小建议，希望能帮助你度过四年愉快的宿舍时光～ Photo by cottonbro from Pexels You may have grown up living with lots of siblings, or this may be your first time sharing your living space with someone else. While having a roommate inevitably has its challenges, it can also be a great part of your college experience. 可能你有许多兄弟姐妹，你们一起生活，一起长大。也可能这是你第一次跟别人同室起居。虽说与他人同住，总少不了这样那样的麻烦，但这会是你大学生活中一段极为重要的经历。 Follow these ten tips to make sure you and your roommate keep things pleasant and supportive throughout the year (or even years!). 想在同住的这一年甚至数年里，大家和睦互助，不妨试试下面的十个要诀。 1. Be clear about your expectations from the beginning 1.“丑话”得要说在前 Do you know in advance that you hate it when someone hits the snooze button1 fifteen times every morning? That you’re a neat freak? That you need ten minutes to yourself before talking to anyone after you wake up? Let your roommate know as soon as you can about your little quirks and preferences. It’s not fair to expect him or her to pick up on2 them right away, and communicating what you need is one of the best ways to eliminate problems before they become problems. 你事先知道自己讨厌别人每天早上按掉15次闹铃还不起床吗？知道自己有洁癖吗?？知道自己睡醒之后还得再过10分钟才想开口说话吗？这些小小怪癖和喜好都要尽早跟室友说明。想让别人马上就觉察到这些细节，未免强人所难。良策之一是坦诚相告，防患于未然。 [1] snooze button 闹钟上的延时按钮，按下此按钮闹铃声停止，但短时间内会再次响起，用于反复提醒定闹铃人起床。 [2] pick up on注意到（不容易注意的事情）。 2. Address problems when they’re little 2. 及时化解小矛盾 Is your roommate always forgetting her stuff for the shower, and taking yours? Are your clothes being bor- rowed faster than you can wash them? Addressing things that bug you while they’re still little can help your roommate be aware of something she may not otherwise know. And addressing little things is much easier than addressing them after they’ve become big. 同寝的姑娘洗澡时是不是经常忘记带洗浴用品，拿你的来用？才洗好的衣服，是不是马上又会被一件接一件地借走？烦心之事虽小，也要及时提醒，不然她可能还浑然不觉。小事说开了很容易化解，积怨成仇就不好办了。 3. Respect your roommate’s stuff 3. 他人物品别乱动 This may seem simple, but it’s probably one of the biggest reasons why roommates experience conflict. Don’t think he’ll mind if you borrow his cleats for a quick soccer game3? For all you know, you just stepped over an uncrossable line. Don’t borrow, use, or take anything without getting permission first. 这点看似简单，可如果做不到，却是室友间失和的主要原因之一。不过穿他的钉鞋去踢会儿球，他不会在意吧？你可要知道，你已经越过了一条不该逾越的界线。除非事先征得本人同意，否则不要借、用、拿室友的任何个人物品。 [3] quick soccer game 一种小型足球比赛, 参加人数较正规比赛少（如每队五人）。 4. Be mindful of who you bring into your room – and how often 4. 来客不可将人扰 You may love having your study group into your room. But your roommate may not. Be mindful of how often you bring people over. If your roommate studies best in the quiet, and you study best in a group, can you alternate who hits4 the library and who gets the room? 也许你喜欢叫上学习小组的同学来寝室一起学习，可你的室友未必喜欢。注意:不要频繁带人进寝室。如果室友觉得安静氛围最利学习，而你学习时喜欢与人讨论，你们不妨轮流使用寝室，一个人要用寝室，另一个人就去图书馆。 [4] hit 去（某地）。 5. Lock the door and windows 5. 寝室门窗要锁好 This may seem like it has nothing to do with roommate relationships, but how would you feel if your roommate’s laptop got stolen during the ten seconds it took you to run down thehall5? Or vice versa? Locking your door and windows is a critical part of keeping safe on campus. 这点看似跟室友间相处得好与不好没什么关系，可也许就是你去走廊打个转的工夫、也就十秒钟，室友的笔记本电脑就让人偷走了，到那时你作何感想？如果这个丢东西的人换成是你，你又作何感想？在校园生活中，要保障人身财产安全，锁好门窗可是至关重要的一环。 [5] hall 此处同 hallway，走廊、过道。 6. Be friendly, without expecting to be best friends 6. 室友无须变挚友 Don’t go into6 your roommate relationship thinking that you are going to be best friends for the time you’re at school. It may happen, but expecting it sets both of you up for7 trouble. You should be friendly with your roommate but also make sure you have your own social circles. 不必费心费力地想把室友变成大学时期最好的朋友。虽然不是不可能，但期待过高只会给彼此带来困扰。要与室友和睦相处，但也要有自己的社交圈子。 [6] go into 此处指（将时间、精力）用在，用于（某事）。 [7] set somebody up for 把某人置于某种境地。 7. Be open to new things 7. 乐于接受新事物 Your roommate may be from someplace you’ve never heard of. They may have a religion or lifestyle that is completely different from your own. Be open to new ideas and experiences, especially as it relates to what your roommate brings into your life. That’s why you went to college in the first place, right?! 也许你的室友从一个你闻所未闻的地方而来，你们的宗教信仰和生活方式可能完全不同。要以开放的心态看待新观念、尝试新事物，当这些是因你的室友而接触到的时候，尤应如此。这不正是你上大学的初衷吗？ 8. Stay open to change 8. 勇于改变应万变 You should expect to learn and grow and change during your time at school. And the same should happen to your roommate, if all goes well. As the semester progresses, realize things will change for both of you. Be comfortable addressing things that unexpectedly come up, setting new rules, and being flexible to your changing environment. 大学期间，你要自我学习、 自我成长、自我改变。如果一切顺利的话，你的室友也应如此。要明白，随着学期向前推进，大家都会有所改变。意料之外的事时有发生，要从容应对。要定新规，随机应变。 9. Address problems when they’re big, too 9. 矛盾升级得处理 You may not have been totally honest8 with tip #2, or you may suddenly find yourself with a roommate who goes wild9 after being shy and quiet the first two months. Either way, if something gets to be a big problem quickly, deal with it as soon as you can. 也许你并没有照着第二条要诀说的那样去做，又或许，你突然发现，头两个月还腼腆文静的室友原来是个暴脾气——无论哪种情况，一旦事情有愈演愈烈的趋势，要尽快处理。 [8] honest 如实的，不作假的。 [9] be/go wild 感情强烈的(尤指生气、激动或高兴)。 10. If nothing else, follow the golden rule 10. 黄金法则要记牢 Treat your roommate like you’d like to be treated. No matter what your relationship is at the end of the year, you can take comfort knowing you acted like an adult and treated your roommate with respect. 你希望别人怎么对待你，你就怎么对待别人。待学年将尽，无论你们相交深浅，只要你展现出了成年人的气度，给予了室友应有的尊重，那就可以安心了。 By Kelci Lynn Lucier 文/凯尔茜·琳恩·卢西尔 译 / 齐贺 来源： 英语世界

Photo by cottonbro from Pexels You may have grown up living with lots of siblings, or this may be your first time sharing your living space with someone else. While having a roommate inevitably has its challenges, it can also be a great part of your college experience. Follow these ten tips to make sure you and your roommate keep things pleasant and supportive throughout the year (or even years!). 1. Be clear about your expectations from the beginning Do you know in advance that you hate it when someone hits the snooze button1 fifteen times every morning? That you’re a neat freak? That you need ten minutes to yourself before talking to anyone after you wake up? Let your roommate know as soon as you can about your little quirks and preferences. It’s not fair to expect him or her to pick up on2 them right away, and communicating what you need is one of the best ways to eliminate problems before they become problems. 2. Address problems when they’re little Is your roommate always forgetting her stuff for the shower, and taking yours? Are your clothes being bor- rowed faster than you can wash them? Addressing things that bug you while they’re still little can help your roommate be aware of something she may not otherwise know. And addressing little things is much easier than addressing them after they’ve become big. 3. Respect your roommate’s stuff This may seem simple, but it’s probably one of the biggest reasons why roommates experience conflict. Don’t think he’ll mind if you borrow his cleats for a quick soccer game3? For all you know, you just stepped over an uncrossable line. Don’t borrow, use, or take anything without getting permission first. 4. Be mindful of who you bring into your room – and how often You may love having your study group into your room. But your roommate may not. Be mindful of how often you bring people over. If your roommate studies best in the quiet, and you study best in a group, can you alternate who hits4 the library and who gets the room? 5. Lock the door and windows This may seem like it has nothing to do with roommate relationships, but how would you feel if your roommate’s laptop got stolen during the ten seconds it took you to run down thehall5? Or vice versa? Locking your door and windows is a critical part of keeping safe on campus. 6. Be friendly, without expecting to be best friends Don’t go into6 your roommate relationship thinking that you are going to be best friends for the time you’re at school. It may happen, but expecting it sets both of you up for7 trouble. You should be friendly with your roommate but also make sure you have your own social circles. 7. Be open to new things Your roommate may be from someplace you’ve never heard of. They may have a religion or lifestyle that is completely different from your own. Be open to new ideas and experiences, especially as it relates to what your roommate brings into your life. That’s why you went to college in the first place, right?! 8. Stay open to change You should expect to learn and grow and change during your time at school. And the same should happen to your roommate, if all goes well. As the semester progresses, realize things will change for both of you. Be comfortable addressing things that unexpectedly come up, setting new rules, and being flexible to your changing environment. 9. Address problems when they’re big, too You may not have been totally honest8 with tip #2, or you may suddenly find yourself with a roommate who goes wild9 after being shy and quiet the first two months. Either way, if something gets to be a big problem quickly, deal with it as soon as you can. 10. If nothing else, follow the golden rule Treat your roommate like you’d like to be treated. No matter what your relationship is at the end of the year, you can take comfort knowing you acted like an adult and treated your roommate with respect. By Kelci Lynn Lucier

在大学四年的的生活中，与我们联系最为紧密的就是朝夕相处的室友们。也许你们惺惺相惜，成为了很好的朋友。也许气场不和，总有各种各样的矛盾，无法共处一室。 但无论如何，如何与室友相处，都是我们曾经思考过的问题。本期的文章就提供了10个小建议，希望能帮助你度过四年愉快的宿舍时光～ 可能你有许多兄弟姐妹，你们一起生活，一起长大。也可能这是你第一次跟别人同室起居。虽说与他人同住，总少不了这样那样的麻烦，但这会是你大学生活中一段极为重要的经历。 想在同住的这一年甚至数年里，大家和睦互助，不妨试试下面的十个要诀。 1.“丑话”得要说在前 你事先知道自己讨厌别人每天早上按掉15次闹铃还不起床吗？知道自己有洁癖吗?？知道自己睡醒之后还得再过10分钟才想开口说话吗？这些小小怪癖和喜好都要尽早跟室友说明。想让别人马上就觉察到这些细节，未免强人所难。良策之一是坦诚相告，防患于未然。 [1] snooze button 闹钟上的延时按钮，按下此按钮闹铃声停止，但短时间内会再次响起，用于反复提醒定闹铃人起床。 [2] pick up on注意到（不容易注意的事情）。 2. 及时化解小矛盾 同寝的姑娘洗澡时是不是经常忘记带洗浴用品，拿你的来用？才洗好的衣服，是不是马上又会被一件接一件地借走？烦心之事虽小，也要及时提醒，不然她可能还浑然不觉。小事说开了很容易化解，积怨成仇就不好办了。 3. 他人物品别乱动 这点看似简单，可如果做不到，却是室友间失和的主要原因之一。不过穿他的钉鞋去踢会儿球，他不会在意吧？你可要知道，你已经越过了一条不该逾越的界线。除非事先征得本人同意，否则不要借、用、拿室友的任何个人物品。 [3] quick soccer game 一种小型足球比赛, 参加人数较正规比赛少（如每队五人）。 4. 来客不可将人扰 也许你喜欢叫上学习小组的同学来寝室一起学习，可你的室友未必喜欢。注意:不要频繁带人进寝室。如果室友觉得安静氛围最利学习，而你学习时喜欢与人讨论，你们不妨轮流使用寝室，一个人要用寝室，另一个人就去图书馆。 [4] hit 去（某地）。 5. 寝室门窗要锁好 这点看似跟室友间相处得好与不好没什么关系，可也许就是你去走廊打个转的工夫、也就十秒钟，室友的笔记本电脑就让人偷走了，到那时你作何感想？如果这个丢东西的人换成是你，你又作何感想？在校园生活中，要保障人身财产安全，锁好门窗可是至关重要的一环。 [5] hall 此处同 hallway，走廊、过道。 6. 室友无须变挚友 不必费心费力地想把室友变成大学时期最好的朋友。虽然不是不可能，但期待过高只会给彼此带来困扰。要与室友和睦相处，但也要有自己的社交圈子。 [6] go into 此处指（将时间、精力）用在，用于（某事）。 [7] set somebody up for 把某人置于某种境地。 7. 乐于接受新事物 也许你的室友从一个你闻所未闻的地方而来，你们的宗教信仰和生活方式可能完全不同。要以开放的心态看待新观念、尝试新事物，当这些是因你的室友而接触到的时候，尤应如此。这不正是你上大学的初衷吗？ 8. 勇于改变应万变 大学期间，你要自我学习、 自我成长、自我改变。如果一切顺利的话，你的室友也应如此。要明白，随着学期向前推进，大家都会有所改变。意料之外的事时有发生，要从容应对。要定新规，随机应变。 9. 矛盾升级得处理 也许你并没有照着第二条要诀说的那样去做，又或许，你突然发现，头两个月还腼腆文静的室友原来是个暴脾气——无论哪种情况，一旦事情有愈演愈烈的趋势，要尽快处理。 [8] honest 如实的，不作假的。 [9] be/go wild 感情强烈的(尤指生气、激动或高兴)。 10. 黄金法则要记牢 你希望别人怎么对待你，你就怎么对待别人。待学年将尽，无论你们相交深浅，只要你展现出了成年人的气度，给予了室友应有的尊重，那就可以安心了。 文/凯尔茜·琳恩·卢西尔 译 / 齐贺 来源： 英语世界

还记得前段时间因为夸张的造型风靡全网的“泰国选美比赛”吗？ 最近，泰国选美又出了大事件！原来是2020年泰国环球小姐冠军终于新鲜出炉了，这张照片已经刷爆，不少网友表示：这不是郎朗的妻子吉娜吗？ 图源：泰国网微博截图 不得不说，长得确实有几分神似。不过，不是吉娜，她叫Amanda Chalisa Obdam，今年27岁，精致的混血五官，1.7米的高挑身材，明艳大气，难怪被大家称为“人间芭比”。 Chalisa Amanda Obdam, a 27-year-old Thai-Canadian model from Phuket, has been crowned Miss Universe Thailand 2020. 查利萨·阿曼达·欧巴丹是来自普吉岛的27岁泰裔加拿大模特，她摘得2020年泰国环球小姐桂冠。 She will represent Thailand at the 69th Miss Universe 2020. 她将代表泰国参加2020年第69届环球小姐大赛。 当天一身亮片红裙的Amanda实力诠释了“人间芭比”四个字，灯光下总价值达350万泰铢的钻石王冠熠熠生辉。 Over 29 contestants, Amanda caught all eyes and the full attention of both audiences and judges throughout the contest. She confidently came with her dark gray two-piece in the swimsuits competition, and the gorgeous dress in red color during the evening gown competition,” reported NBTWorld. 据NBT World报道：“在29名参赛者中，阿曼达在比赛中抓住了观众和评审的眼球和全部目光。她身穿深灰色两件套自信地参加泳装比赛，并在晚礼服比赛中选择了红色的华丽礼服。” 有网友评价说，像极了迪丽热巴+吉娜+佟丽娅结合版。Amanda出生于普吉岛，父亲是荷兰裔加拿大人，母亲是华裔泰国人，难怪一张混血脸，高级又精致。 除了天生的混血优势外，Amanda的综合实力确实很能打，她大学时到加拿大留学，最终以优异的成绩获得多伦多大学的工商管理和经济学位。 由于在加拿大长大的关系，她的英语口语纯正，问答环节惊艳了在场的所有人。 During the question and answer segment for the top five contenders, Amanda was asked: "A hundred years from today, who would historians select as the most influential woman of the 21st century and why?" 在前5名问答环节中，阿曼达被问到：“一百年后的今天，历史学家会选谁为21世纪最具影响力的女性？为什么？” She answered that all women have a chance because "we are very strong". 她回答说所有女性都有机会。因为“女性是非常强大的。” In the Q&A round of the final three contestants, all the ladies were asked the same question: "The Temple of Dawn symbolizes Thailand’s spirit and is a landmark; how would you represent yourself as an icon of Thailand?" 在最后三名参赛者的问答环节中，所有女士都被问到相同的问题：“郑王庙是泰国的地标性建筑，象征着泰国的精神；您将如何作为泰国的偶像表现自己呢？” Amanda's reply that even though she was born Thai-Canadian, she is truly a Thai lady and she is going to present all of her Thainess to the world, impressed the judges. 阿曼达的答复是，尽管她是一名出生于泰国的加拿大人，但她确实是一位泰国女性，她将向全世界展示她所有的泰国风情。 除了各位选美佳丽外，每年冠军的奖励也是大家津津乐道的话题。 As winner of the prestigious pageant, Amanda received a cash prize of 1 million baht（$32,000）,a Honda Civic car, as well as a fully-furnished condominium. She will also represent Thailand at the 69th Miss Universe 2020. 作为这场比赛的获胜者，阿曼达获得了一百万泰铢（约合人民21.4万元）现金大奖，一辆本田思域汽车以及一间配套齐全的公寓。她还将代表泰国参加2020年第69届环球小姐大赛。 图源：泰国国家旅游局上海办微博截图 除了上述奖励，Amanda还有一顶冠军王冠，由瑞士珠宝商 Mouawad 制作，总价值达350万泰铢，折合人民币约75.3万元。 这款王冠是由白金材质制成，在造型上模仿了泰国旧都大城府的传统贵族头饰，王冠上的纹路则融入了泰国寺庙的建筑元素。 王冠上有蓝色和红色宝石，据悉这样的配色来源于泰国国旗，红色代表勇敢，蓝色代表贵族身份。 泰国已经收获了两个环球小姐总冠军的头衔，今年选出Amanda去参赛，人们自然是对她寄予了厚望。 Hopes run high that Amanda will become the third Thai to be crowned Miss Universe,following Porntip Nakhirunkanok from Bangkok winning the title in 1988. 继1988年来自曼谷的Porntip Nakhirunkanok摘得环球小姐桂冠后，阿曼达被寄予厚望成为第三位获此荣誉的泰国人。 来源：沪江英语微信公众号（hjenglish） 作者：Echo 审校：Jade 丹妮

Chalisa Amanda Obdam, a 27-year-old Thai-Canadian model from Phuket, has been crowned Miss Universe Thailand 2020. She will represent Thailand at the 69th Miss Universe 2020. Over 29 contestants, Amanda caught all eyes and the full attention of both audiences and judges throughout the contest. She confidently came with her dark gray two-piece in the swimsuits competition, and the gorgeous dress in red color during the evening gown competition,” reported NBTWorld. During the question and answer segment for the top five contenders, Amanda was asked: "A hundred years from today, who would historians select as the most influential woman of the 21st century and why?" She answered that all women have a chance because "we are very strong". In the Q&A round of the final three contestants, all the ladies were asked the same question: "The Temple of Dawn symbolizes Thailand’s spirit and is a landmark; how would you represent yourself as an icon of Thailand?" Amanda's reply that even though she was born Thai-Canadian, she is truly a Thai lady and she is going to present all of her Thainess to the world, impressed the judges. As winner of the prestigious pageant, Amanda received a cash prize of 1 million baht（$32,000）,a Honda Civic car, as well as a fully-furnished condominium. She will also represent Thailand at the 69th Miss Universe 2020. Hopes run high that Amanda will become the third Thai to be crowned Miss Universe,following Porntip Nakhirunkanok from Bangkok winning the title in 1988.

还记得前段时间因为夸张的造型风靡全网的“泰国选美比赛”吗？ 最近，泰国选美又出了大事件！原来是2020年泰国环球小姐冠军终于新鲜出炉了，这张照片已经刷爆，不少网友表示：这不是郎朗的妻子吉娜吗？ 图源：泰国网微博截图 不得不说，长得确实有几分神似。不过，不是吉娜，她叫Amanda Chalisa Obdam，今年27岁，精致的混血五官，1.7米的高挑身材，明艳大气，难怪被大家称为“人间芭比”。 查利萨·阿曼达·欧巴丹是来自普吉岛的27岁泰裔加拿大模特，她摘得2020年泰国环球小姐桂冠。 她将代表泰国参加2020年第69届环球小姐大赛。 当天一身亮片红裙的Amanda实力诠释了“人间芭比”四个字，灯光下总价值达350万泰铢的钻石王冠熠熠生辉。 据NBT World报道：“在29名参赛者中，阿曼达在比赛中抓住了观众和评审的眼球和全部目光。她身穿深灰色两件套自信地参加泳装比赛，并在晚礼服比赛中选择了红色的华丽礼服。” 有网友评价说，像极了迪丽热巴+吉娜+佟丽娅结合版。Amanda出生于普吉岛，父亲是荷兰裔加拿大人，母亲是华裔泰国人，难怪一张混血脸，高级又精致。 除了天生的混血优势外，Amanda的综合实力确实很能打，她大学时到加拿大留学，最终以优异的成绩获得多伦多大学的工商管理和经济学位。 由于在加拿大长大的关系，她的英语口语纯正，问答环节惊艳了在场的所有人。 在前5名问答环节中，阿曼达被问到：“一百年后的今天，历史学家会选谁为21世纪最具影响力的女性？为什么？” 她回答说所有女性都有机会。因为“女性是非常强大的。” 在最后三名参赛者的问答环节中，所有女士都被问到相同的问题：“郑王庙是泰国的地标性建筑，象征着泰国的精神；您将如何作为泰国的偶像表现自己呢？” 阿曼达的答复是，尽管她是一名出生于泰国的加拿大人，但她确实是一位泰国女性，她将向全世界展示她所有的泰国风情。 除了各位选美佳丽外，每年冠军的奖励也是大家津津乐道的话题。 作为这场比赛的获胜者，阿曼达获得了一百万泰铢（约合人民21.4万元）现金大奖，一辆本田思域汽车以及一间配套齐全的公寓。她还将代表泰国参加2020年第69届环球小姐大赛。 图源：泰国国家旅游局上海办微博截图 除了上述奖励，Amanda还有一顶冠军王冠，由瑞士珠宝商 Mouawad 制作，总价值达350万泰铢，折合人民币约75.3万元。 这款王冠是由白金材质制成，在造型上模仿了泰国旧都大城府的传统贵族头饰，王冠上的纹路则融入了泰国寺庙的建筑元素。 王冠上有蓝色和红色宝石，据悉这样的配色来源于泰国国旗，红色代表勇敢，蓝色代表贵族身份。 泰国已经收获了两个环球小姐总冠军的头衔，今年选出Amanda去参赛，人们自然是对她寄予了厚望。 继1988年来自曼谷的Porntip Nakhirunkanok摘得环球小姐桂冠后，阿曼达被寄予厚望成为第三位获此荣誉的泰国人。 来源：沪江英语微信公众号（hjenglish） 作者：Echo 审校：Jade 丹妮

奥地利近日推出了世界第一款卫生纸邮票，这款用卫生纸做成的邮票是用来纪念疫情期间的恐慌性购物和封锁令。邮票上印着象宝宝的图案，提醒人们保持社交距离。 Credit:Austria Post If 2020 could take the form of an object, it would surely be toilet paper. 如果用一个实物来代表2020年，那一定是厕纸。 Not only has this year been crappy, but reports of people hoarding toilet paper in large quantities during the coronavirus pandemic will live in the memories of many. 这不仅是糟糕的一年，而且有关人们在新冠疫情期间大量囤积厕纸的报道会深植在许多人的记忆中。 Or so some in Austria seem to think: On Friday, the country's postal service announced it is issuing a postage stamp made from three-ply toilet paper, to commemorate one of the year's stranger phenomenona. 至少奥地利的某些人似乎是这么认为的。上周五（10月23日）奥地利邮政宣布，将发行一款由三层厕纸制成的邮票，来纪念今年的奇怪现象之一。 Each stamp, measuring just under four inches in length, will be the size and shape of a standard sheet of toilet paper, Austria Post said Friday. 奥地利邮政上周五称，每一枚邮票长度将近4英寸（10厘米），与标准厕纸的大小和形状一样。 Customers can even use the stamps to enforce social distancing -- 10 stamps lined up next to each other measure one meter, the recommended social distance in some countries. 顾客可以用这款邮票来践行社交隔离。10枚邮票连在一起长度为1米，也就是某些国家推荐的社交距离。 Credit:Austria Post Meanwhile, the stamps are illustrated with a picture of a baby elephant -- another national reminder of the recommended one meter distance. 与此同时，邮票上印着象宝宝的图案，奥地利用一头小象的长度来提醒民众保持一米距离。 The stamps, which can be torn off the stamp block along a perforated line just like toilet paper, come complete with a self adhesive foil, and retail at €2.75, Austria Post said in a statement. 奥地利邮政在一份声明中称，这款邮票可以像厕纸一样沿着穿孔线撕下，还带有自粘箔纸，零售价为2.75欧元（约合人民币22元）。 The postal service will be releasing 300,000 stamps on October 30, and for each block sold, €2.75 will be donated to charity, Austria Post said in a statement. 奥地利邮政在声明中称，邮政公司将于10月30日发行30万张新冠纪念邮票，每卖出一版，就会向慈善机构捐赠2.75欧元。 "With the Corona stamp, we not only want to issue an original stamp block to remember this year, but also to support those who have been particularly affected by this crisis," Austria Post CEO Georg Pölzl said in a statement. 奥地利邮政首席执行官格奥尔格·波尔茨尔在声明中称：“我们推出这款新冠邮票，不仅是为了发行一款纪念2020年的原创邮票，也是为了支持那些在这次危机中受创最严重的人。” 英文来源：美国有线电视新闻网 翻译&编辑：丹妮

Credit:Austria Post If 2020 could take the form of an object, it would surely be toilet paper. Not only has this year been crappy, but reports of people hoarding toilet paper in large quantities during the coronavirus pandemic will live in the memories of many. Or so some in Austria seem to think: On Friday, the country's postal service announced it is issuing a postage stamp made from three-ply toilet paper, to commemorate one of the year's stranger phenomenona. Each stamp, measuring just under four inches in length, will be the size and shape of a standard sheet of toilet paper, Austria Post said Friday. Customers can even use the stamps to enforce social distancing -- 10 stamps lined up next to each other measure one meter, the recommended social distance in some countries. Credit:Austria Post Meanwhile, the stamps are illustrated with a picture of a baby elephant -- another national reminder of the recommended one meter distance. The stamps, which can be torn off the stamp block along a perforated line just like toilet paper, come complete with a self adhesive foil, and retail at €2.75, Austria Post said in a statement. The postal service will be releasing 300,000 stamps on October 30, and for each block sold, €2.75 will be donated to charity, Austria Post said in a statement.

奥地利近日推出了世界第一款卫生纸邮票，这款用卫生纸做成的邮票是用来纪念疫情期间的恐慌性购物和封锁令。邮票上印着象宝宝的图案，提醒人们保持社交距离。 如果用一个实物来代表2020年，那一定是厕纸。 这不仅是糟糕的一年，而且有关人们在新冠疫情期间大量囤积厕纸的报道会深植在许多人的记忆中。 至少奥地利的某些人似乎是这么认为的。上周五（10月23日）奥地利邮政宣布，将发行一款由三层厕纸制成的邮票，来纪念今年的奇怪现象之一。 奥地利邮政上周五称，每一枚邮票长度将近4英寸（10厘米），与标准厕纸的大小和形状一样。 顾客可以用这款邮票来践行社交隔离。10枚邮票连在一起长度为1米，也就是某些国家推荐的社交距离。 与此同时，邮票上印着象宝宝的图案，奥地利用一头小象的长度来提醒民众保持一米距离。 奥地利邮政在一份声明中称，这款邮票可以像厕纸一样沿着穿孔线撕下，还带有自粘箔纸，零售价为2.75欧元（约合人民币22元）。 奥地利邮政在声明中称，邮政公司将于10月30日发行30万张新冠纪念邮票，每卖出一版，就会向慈善机构捐赠2.75欧元。 "With the Corona stamp, we not only want to issue an original stamp block to remember this year, but also to support those who have been particularly affected by this crisis," Austria Post CEO Georg Pölzl said in a statement. 奥地利邮政首席执行官格奥尔格·波尔茨尔在声明中称：“我们推出这款新冠邮票，不仅是为了发行一款纪念2020年的原创邮票，也是为了支持那些在这次危机中受创最严重的人。” 英文来源：美国有线电视新闻网 翻译&编辑：丹妮

很多人都想减肥，想增肌，但却不知道每天到底该吃多少、吃什么。英国营养学家给出专业建议，告诉节食者们每天吃多少才既不会长胖，又健康营养。 For decades, diet gurus have advised slimmers to simply 'eat less' but while that mantra seems easy, it turns out that it's harder than it sounds. 长久以来，减肥达人总是告诫瘦身者一定要少吃点。这听起来很简单，其实却非常困难。 According to nutritionists there is no official guideline on portion sizes in the UK and there are no rules for food manufacturers to tell customers how counts as a serving. 据营养学家称，英国没有官方的一客食品份量参考，食品制造商也没有告诉顾客如何计算一客食物的分量。 So while you may be cutting down the amount you eat, it still may not be enough. 因此，虽然你可能在减少你的饮食量，但这可能仍然不够。 However, Emma Brown, a nutritionist for the website Nutracheck, says that broadly one portion counts as 120g of steak, one biscuit and just half a scone. She said: ‘Portion size is the one thing that catches many people out when they believe they’re eating a healthy diet.’ 不过，Nutracheck网站的营养学家艾玛·布朗却表示，一客食物大体上是120克的牛排，一片饼干和半个英式茶饼。艾玛称：“当很多人要保持健康饮食时，都会关注吃多少这个问题”。 Here she explains how much of each food group you should really be eating each day. 以下是每天应该摄入每种食物的分量： A portion of red meat is 120g and has 162 calories and 5.4g of fat. Although small amounts of protein regularly throughout the day are good for you, try not to have red meat too often. 一客红肉重120克，含热量162卡路里，5.4克脂肪。虽然每天有规律地摄入少量红肉对人体有益，不过最好不要经常吃。 A portion of fish is 125g which contains 271 calories and 18.8g of fat. A healthy diet should include at least two portions of fish a week, including one of oily fish. 一客鱼肉有125克，含有271卡热量，18.8克脂肪。健康饮食应保证每周至少吃两份的鱼肉，包括一份多脂鱼。 A portion of potatoes should be 235g with 172 calories per portion, Emma also advised eating the skin for extra nutrients. 一客土豆重235克，含172卡热量。艾玛还建议大家吃土豆的时候带皮一起吃，可以额外补充营养。 Vegetables should be in portions of 80g, there's 27 calories in these carrots and they count as one of your five a day. 一客蔬菜应为80克，80克的胡萝卜包含27卡热量，每天应该吃5份额的蔬菜。 Fruit is also 80g per portion, with 28 calories in these blue berries, and Emma warned even overeating fruit or vegetables can lead to weight gain. 每一客水果也是80克，80克的蓝莓含热量28卡，艾玛提醒大家，就算是蔬菜和水果，吃太多也会长肉。 A portion of crisps is 30g, roughly equal to a normal packet of crisps, which contains 153 calories and 7.6g of fat. 一客薯片30克，差不多是一包普通包装薯片的分量，含153卡热量，7.6克脂肪。 The portion size for biscuits is 14g - which works out at just one biscuit if your snack of choice is a Bourbon. 一客饼干的重量是14克，如果你喜欢的是波路梦饼干，一客刚刚好是一块。 翻译来源： 沪江英语 审校：Jade 丹妮

For decades, diet gurus have advised slimmers to simply 'eat less' but while that mantra seems easy, it turns out that it's harder than it sounds. According to nutritionists there is no official guideline on portion sizes in the UK and there are no rules for food manufacturers to tell customers how counts as a serving. So while you may be cutting down the amount you eat, it still may not be enough. However, Emma Brown, a nutritionist for the website Nutracheck, says that broadly one portion counts as 120g of steak, one biscuit and just half a scone. She said: ‘Portion size is the one thing that catches many people out when they believe they’re eating a healthy diet.’ Here she explains how much of each food group you should really be eating each day. A portion of red meat is 120g and has 162 calories and 5.4g of fat. Although small amounts of protein regularly throughout the day are good for you, try not to have red meat too often. A portion of fish is 125g which contains 271 calories and 18.8g of fat. A healthy diet should include at least two portions of fish a week, including one of oily fish. A portion of potatoes should be 235g with 172 calories per portion, Emma also advised eating the skin for extra nutrients. Vegetables should be in portions of 80g, there's 27 calories in these carrots and they count as one of your five a day. Fruit is also 80g per portion, with 28 calories in these blue berries, and Emma warned even overeating fruit or vegetables can lead to weight gain. A portion of crisps is 30g, roughly equal to a normal packet of crisps, which contains 153 calories and 7.6g of fat. The portion size for biscuits is 14g - which works out at just one biscuit if your snack of choice is a Bourbon.

很多人都想减肥，想增肌，但却不知道每天到底该吃多少、吃什么。英国营养学家给出专业建议，告诉节食者们每天吃多少才既不会长胖，又健康营养。 长久以来，减肥达人总是告诫瘦身者一定要少吃点。这听起来很简单，其实却非常困难。 据营养学家称，英国没有官方的一客食品份量参考，食品制造商也没有告诉顾客如何计算一客食物的分量。 因此，虽然你可能在减少你的饮食量，但这可能仍然不够。 不过，Nutracheck网站的营养学家艾玛·布朗却表示，一客食物大体上是120克的牛排，一片饼干和半个英式茶饼。艾玛称：“当很多人要保持健康饮食时，都会关注吃多少这个问题”。 以下是每天应该摄入每种食物的分量： 一客红肉重120克，含热量162卡路里，5.4克脂肪。虽然每天有规律地摄入少量红肉对人体有益，不过最好不要经常吃。 一客鱼肉有125克，含有271卡热量，18.8克脂肪。健康饮食应保证每周至少吃两份的鱼肉，包括一份多脂鱼。 一客土豆重235克，含172卡热量。艾玛还建议大家吃土豆的时候带皮一起吃，可以额外补充营养。 一客蔬菜应为80克，80克的胡萝卜包含27卡热量，每天应该吃5份额的蔬菜。 每一客水果也是80克，80克的蓝莓含热量28卡，艾玛提醒大家，就算是蔬菜和水果，吃太多也会长肉。 一客薯片30克，差不多是一包普通包装薯片的分量，含153卡热量，7.6克脂肪。 一客饼干的重量是14克，如果你喜欢的是波路梦饼干，一客刚刚好是一块。 翻译来源： 沪江英语 审校：Jade 丹妮

先前的研究显示，新冠抗体在人体内只能存留几个月，而今英国的一项新研究发现，带有新冠病毒抗体的人口比例大幅下降，这可能意味着新冠免疫力正在快速消退。 Photo by CDC on Unsplash Researchers in the United Kingdom say they've observed a "significant" decline in the percentage of the population with COVID-19 antibodies, potentially pointing to "waning immunity." 英国的研究人员称，他们观察到拥有新冠病毒抗体的人口比例“大幅”下降，这可能意味着“免疫力在消退”。 Imperial College London scientists in the study found the prevalence of COVID-19 antibodies declined from six percent of the British population in June to 4.4 percent in September, Reuters reports. They came to the conclusion that there has been a "significant decline in the proportion of the population with detectable antibodies" by sending out finger-prick tests to a randomly selected group of over 365,000 people in England, according to CNN. 伦敦大学帝国理工学院的科学家在这项研究中发现，新冠抗体的覆盖率正在下降。据路透社报道，英国带有新冠抗体的人口所占比例从六月份的6%下降到了九月份的4.4%。据美国有线电视新闻网报道，研究人员在给英国随机选择了逾36.5万人，并发放手指采血检测试剂盒，他们检测后得出结论称，“可检测到抗体的人口比例大幅下降”。 "On the balance of evidence I would say, with what we know for other coronaviruses, it would look as if immunity declines away at the same rate as antibodies decline away, and that this is an indication of waning immunity at the population level," Wendy Barclay, head of Imperial College London's Department of Infectious Disease, said, per Reuters. 据路透社报道，伦敦大学帝国理工学院传染病中心主任温迪·巴克莱称：“据我们对其他冠状病毒的了解，证据对比显示，免疫力和抗体水平会同步下降，这表明英国人口的新冠免疫力在消退。” Photo by engin akyurt on Unsplash The researchers were specifically looking for IgG antibodies in the study, and CNN notes that some other research has suggested "that other types of antibodies may persist longer than IgG does." 研究人员在这项研究中寻找的特定抗体是免疫球蛋白G，美国有线电视新闻网指出，其他一些研究显示“其他种类的抗体持续的时间可能比免疫球蛋白G更长”。 But Imperial College London's Helen Ward told BBC News the study suggests that "immunity is waning quite rapidly." Ward added in a statement, "We don't yet know whether this will leave these people at risk of reinfection with the virus that causes COVID-19, but it is essential that everyone continues to follow guidance to reduce the risk to themselves and others." 但是伦敦大学帝国理工学院的海伦·沃德告诉BBC新闻频道说，研究表明“免疫力消退的速度相当快”。沃德在一份声明中还说：“我们还不知道这是否会导致人们陷入重新感染新冠病毒的风险，不过很重要的一点是，大家都要继续遵守疫情防控指导意见，以降低自己和他人的感染风险。” 英文来源：伦敦周刊 翻译&编辑：丹妮

Photo by CDC on Unsplash Researchers in the United Kingdom say they've observed a "significant" decline in the percentage of the population with COVID-19 antibodies, potentially pointing to "waning immunity." Imperial College London scientists in the study found the prevalence of COVID-19 antibodies declined from six percent of the British population in June to 4.4 percent in September, Reuters reports. They came to the conclusion that there has been a "significant decline in the proportion of the population with detectable antibodies" by sending out finger-prick tests to a randomly selected group of over 365,000 people in England, according to CNN. "On the balance of evidence I would say, with what we know for other coronaviruses, it would look as if immunity declines away at the same rate as antibodies decline away, and that this is an indication of waning immunity at the population level," Wendy Barclay, head of Imperial College London's Department of Infectious Disease, said, per Reuters. Photo by engin akyurt on Unsplash The researchers were specifically looking for IgG antibodies in the study, and CNN notes that some other research has suggested "that other types of antibodies may persist longer than IgG does." But Imperial College London's Helen Ward told BBC News the study suggests that "immunity is waning quite rapidly." Ward added in a statement, "We don't yet know whether this will leave these people at risk of reinfection with the virus that causes COVID-19, but it is essential that everyone continues to follow guidance to reduce the risk to themselves and others."

先前的研究显示，新冠抗体在人体内只能存留几个月，而今英国的一项新研究发现，带有新冠病毒抗体的人口比例大幅下降，这可能意味着新冠免疫力正在快速消退。 英国的研究人员称，他们观察到拥有新冠病毒抗体的人口比例“大幅”下降，这可能意味着“免疫力在消退”。 伦敦大学帝国理工学院的科学家在这项研究中发现，新冠抗体的覆盖率正在下降。据路透社报道，英国带有新冠抗体的人口所占比例从六月份的6%下降到了九月份的4.4%。据美国有线电视新闻网报道，研究人员在给英国随机选择了逾36.5万人，并发放手指采血检测试剂盒，他们检测后得出结论称，“可检测到抗体的人口比例大幅下降”。 据路透社报道，伦敦大学帝国理工学院传染病中心主任温迪·巴克莱称：“据我们对其他冠状病毒的了解，证据对比显示，免疫力和抗体水平会同步下降，这表明英国人口的新冠免疫力在消退。” 研究人员在这项研究中寻找的特定抗体是免疫球蛋白G，美国有线电视新闻网指出，其他一些研究显示“其他种类的抗体持续的时间可能比免疫球蛋白G更长”。 但是伦敦大学帝国理工学院的海伦·沃德告诉BBC新闻频道说，研究表明“免疫力消退的速度相当快”。沃德在一份声明中还说：“我们还不知道这是否会导致人们陷入重新感染新冠病毒的风险，不过很重要的一点是，大家都要继续遵守疫情防控指导意见，以降低自己和他人的感染风险。” 英文来源：伦敦周刊 翻译&编辑：丹妮

谁不想变得更聪明一点呢，除非你觉得自己聪明绝顶无人能敌。问答网站Quora上的网友总结了聪明人的十大标志，来看看你能从中学到点什么。 Here are the signs of smart people: 下面是聪明人的10大信号： 1. They don’t talk as much as you, because they know they got smart by listening. 他们不会说太多，因为他们知道多倾听才能变聪明。 2. They know lots of things other than what they’re specialized in. Theirs is the gift of a broad mind, constantly fed with the stimulant of being interested in what everyone else is doing. 除去专业知识之外，他们知道的很多。他们的天赋就是胸怀广阔，总是对其他人在做的事情充满好奇。 3. They juggle home, work and personal interests with dexterity and never fall back on the tired old refrain about “work life balance”. And when they’re juggling, they somehow manage to seem 100% engaged with what they’re doing, on all fronts simultaneously, even though you know they’re taking appropriate steps behind the scenes to make sure their lives are perfectly, serenely balanced. 他们可以灵活应对家庭、工作和个人兴趣，从来不会发表“平衡工作和生活”这样的老生常谈。当他们一心多用，不知怎么的，他们看起来就是能够全身心的投入，虽然你很清楚，其实背后他们努力走好每一步来让生活更加完美、更加平衡。 4. They probably do social media. It is not only another chance to listen, but one they use to ensure they can feed their brains with things they otherwise wouldn’t have come across. 他们可能也会使用社交媒体。这不仅是另一个倾听的窗口，也让他们确保能够关注到那些前所未见的事情。 5. Even when things go very badly wrong, they’ll be smiling. Smart people never get ruffled because their smart brains present them with alternatives faster than the bad stuff can happen. 即使事情发展很糟糕，他们也会面带微笑。聪明的人永远不会生气，因为他们聪明的大脑永远都会在坏事发生之前想好其他的解决方案。 6. They know they are usually the smartest person in the room, but they don’t spend their time dwelling on that. Instead, they take it as a personal challenge to see if they can make everyone else the smartest person in the room too. 他们知道自己是屋子里最聪明的人，但不会浪费时间沾沾自喜。相反，他们会把这当做对自己的挑战：看他们是不是能把屋子里的其他人也变得一样的聪明。 7. If they are managers, they will make every effort to get people smarter and more popular than them in their teams. They’re not threatened because they know that smartness is synergistic. 如果他们是管理者，他们会努力让团队里的人变得更聪明、更受欢迎。他们不会感到威胁，因为聪明有相互促进的作用。 8. They have hidden skills that never get rolled out until they’re needed. They don’t have any need to show their full capabilities for reasons of proving they’re better than others. 不到必要时，他们不会展现出自己的隐藏技能，他们无需为了证明自己比别人厉害而去展示全部实力。 9. They may or may not have expensive educations. You’d never know, just by being with them unless you had their CV in front of you. 他们不一定接受过昂贵的教育，除非看到他们的简历，否则你永远都无从得知。 10. They never, ever, under any circumstances, make you look stupid, even though it would be easy to do so. They’ve learn through bitter experience that the only thing that happens when you make someone look bad is you look bad yourself. 在任何情况下，他们都绝对不会让你出丑，哪怕这是件轻而易举的事情。因为从过去惨痛的教训中他们学到，让别人出丑的唯一结果就是自己也出丑。 Now you should know who the smart people are. If you want to be the smart one, let me give you this extra advice from Steve Jobs “Stay hungry. Stay foolish.” 现在你应该知道谁才是聪明人了吧。如果你想变成聪明人，再送你一句乔布斯的建议：“求知若饥，虚心若愚”。 来源： 沪江英语 审校：Jade 丹妮

Here are the signs of smart people: 1. They don’t talk as much as you, because they know they got smart by listening. 2. They know lots of things other than what they’re specialized in. Theirs is the gift of a broad mind, constantly fed with the stimulant of being interested in what everyone else is doing. 3. They juggle home, work and personal interests with dexterity and never fall back on the tired old refrain about “work life balance”. And when they’re juggling, they somehow manage to seem 100% engaged with what they’re doing, on all fronts simultaneously, even though you know they’re taking appropriate steps behind the scenes to make sure their lives are perfectly, serenely balanced. 4. They probably do social media. It is not only another chance to listen, but one they use to ensure they can feed their brains with things they otherwise wouldn’t have come across. 5. Even when things go very badly wrong, they’ll be smiling. Smart people never get ruffled because their smart brains present them with alternatives faster than the bad stuff can happen. 6. They know they are usually the smartest person in the room, but they don’t spend their time dwelling on that. Instead, they take it as a personal challenge to see if they can make everyone else the smartest person in the room too. 7. If they are managers, they will make every effort to get people smarter and more popular than them in their teams. They’re not threatened because they know that smartness is synergistic. 8. They have hidden skills that never get rolled out until they’re needed. They don’t have any need to show their full capabilities for reasons of proving they’re better than others. 9. They may or may not have expensive educations. You’d never know, just by being with them unless you had their CV in front of you. 10. They never, ever, under any circumstances, make you look stupid, even though it would be easy to do so. They’ve learn through bitter experience that the only thing that happens when you make someone look bad is you look bad yourself. Now you should know who the smart people are. If you want to be the smart one, let me give you this extra advice from Steve Jobs “Stay hungry. Stay foolish.”

谁不想变得更聪明一点呢，除非你觉得自己聪明绝顶无人能敌。问答网站Quora上的网友总结了聪明人的十大标志，来看看你能从中学到点什么。 下面是聪明人的10大信号： 他们不会说太多，因为他们知道多倾听才能变聪明。 除去专业知识之外，他们知道的很多。他们的天赋就是胸怀广阔，总是对其他人在做的事情充满好奇。 他们可以灵活应对家庭、工作和个人兴趣，从来不会发表“平衡工作和生活”这样的老生常谈。当他们一心多用，不知怎么的，他们看起来就是能够全身心的投入，虽然你很清楚，其实背后他们努力走好每一步来让生活更加完美、更加平衡。 他们可能也会使用社交媒体。这不仅是另一个倾听的窗口，也让他们确保能够关注到那些前所未见的事情。 即使事情发展很糟糕，他们也会面带微笑。聪明的人永远不会生气，因为他们聪明的大脑永远都会在坏事发生之前想好其他的解决方案。 他们知道自己是屋子里最聪明的人，但不会浪费时间沾沾自喜。相反，他们会把这当做对自己的挑战：看他们是不是能把屋子里的其他人也变得一样的聪明。 如果他们是管理者，他们会努力让团队里的人变得更聪明、更受欢迎。他们不会感到威胁，因为聪明有相互促进的作用。 不到必要时，他们不会展现出自己的隐藏技能，他们无需为了证明自己比别人厉害而去展示全部实力。 他们不一定接受过昂贵的教育，除非看到他们的简历，否则你永远都无从得知。 在任何情况下，他们都绝对不会让你出丑，哪怕这是件轻而易举的事情。因为从过去惨痛的教训中他们学到，让别人出丑的唯一结果就是自己也出丑。 现在你应该知道谁才是聪明人了吧。如果你想变成聪明人，再送你一句乔布斯的建议：“求知若饥，虚心若愚”。 来源： 沪江英语 审校：Jade 丹妮

在联系多年不见的老朋友时，你是选择打电话，还是发信息？很多人为了避免尴尬，会选择发信息，然而，研究发现，打电话才是联络感情的最佳方式。 Photo by Magnet.me on Unsplash So many things can keep you from seeing your loved ones in person, from busy schedules to long distances to a rather unexpected pandemic. Fortunately, thanks to modern technology, the people we miss are often only a phone call or text message away. But if you're someone who's more prone to typed out messages than verbal ones, you may want to reconsider. According to science, if you want to feel more connected to the people you're talking to, you should call them instead of texting. 繁忙的日程、遥远的距离、突如其来的疫情……太多的事情阻止你亲自去见你所爱的人。幸运的是我们有现代科技，只要一通电话或一个短信就能联系上我们想念的人。但如果你更倾向于发短信而不是打电话，你可能需要重新考虑一下。科学告诉我们，如果你想和交谈的人感觉更亲近，你应该给他们打电话，而不是发短信。 A new study, published in the Journal of Experimental Psychology , found that communication interactions that included voice, like a phone call or video chat, created stronger social bonds than communication through typing, like text messaging or email. 发表在《实验心理学杂志》的一项新研究发现，打电话或视频聊天等包含语音的通信互动比发短信和电子邮件等打字通信方式更能加强社交纽带关系。 In the study, researchers used various experiments to gauge connectedness. In one, they asked 200 people to make predictions about what it would be like to reconnect with an old friend by email or by phone and then assigned people at random to do one or the other. Although people anticipated that a phone call would be more awkward, hearing someone's voice actually made the experience better. 在这项研究中，研究人员运用了各种实验来衡量纽带关系。在其中一项实验中，他们请200个人预想通过电邮或打电话重新和一个老朋友取得联系的场景，然后随机指派人们发电邮或打电话。尽管人们预期打电话会更尴尬，但听到对方的声音实际上会让体验更好。 "People reported they did form a significantly stronger bond with their old friend on the phone versus email, and they did not feel more awkward," study co-author Amit Kumar, an assistant professor of marketing at the McCombs School of Business, said in a statement. 研究报告的合著者、麦康姆商学院营销学助理教授阿米特·库马尔在一份声明中称：“人们报告称他们与老朋友打电话相比发电邮可以建立起更强的纽带关系，而且并不感到更尴尬。” Photo by NordWood Themes on Unsplash In another experiment, the researchers had strangers connect by either texting, talking over video chat, or talking using only audio. They found that both forms of voice communication—whether video or audio only—made the strangers feel significantly more connected than when they communicated via text. 在另一个实验中，研究人员让陌生人通过发短信、视频聊天或语音聊天来联络。他们发现，无论是视频还是语音聊天，这两种语音通信方式都比发短信更能显著增强陌生人之间的纽带关系。 Sabrina Romanoff, a Harvard trained clinical psychologist based in New York City, says people tend to text or email instead of calling because of convenience, as they see it as a controlled form of communication where they can "correspond information exactly in the way they intend without unexpected additions by the other person." 哈佛大学毕业的纽约临床心理学家塞布丽娜·罗曼诺夫表示，为了方便，人们倾向于发短信或电子邮件，而不是打电话，因为他们将短信和电邮视为可控的通信方式，可以“精确地发送自己想传达的信息，而不会受到另一个人意外插话的干扰”。 Romanoff says that in reality, texting can make it hard to determine the true meaning behind a conversation. "A phone call is actually more convenient when considering the net effects of the message," she explains. "Each party is more present, and therefore, able to gauge the meaning behind the content without ruminating on the endless possible meanings behind words and punctuation." 罗曼诺夫指出，事实上，发短信会让人难以确定对话背后的真实含义。她解释道：“如果想保证信息传达的效果，打电话其实更方便。双方都在，因此能理解对话内容背后的含义，而不用没完没了地反思词句和标点背后的潜在含义。” 英文来源：Bestlifeonline 翻译&编辑：丹妮

Photo by Magnet.me on Unsplash So many things can keep you from seeing your loved ones in person, from busy schedules to long distances to a rather unexpected pandemic. Fortunately, thanks to modern technology, the people we miss are often only a phone call or text message away. But if you're someone who's more prone to typed out messages than verbal ones, you may want to reconsider. According to science, if you want to feel more connected to the people you're talking to, you should call them instead of texting. A new study, published in the Journal of Experimental Psychology , found that communication interactions that included voice, like a phone call or video chat, created stronger social bonds than communication through typing, like text messaging or email. In the study, researchers used various experiments to gauge connectedness. In one, they asked 200 people to make predictions about what it would be like to reconnect with an old friend by email or by phone and then assigned people at random to do one or the other. Although people anticipated that a phone call would be more awkward, hearing someone's voice actually made the experience better. "People reported they did form a significantly stronger bond with their old friend on the phone versus email, and they did not feel more awkward," study co-author Amit Kumar, an assistant professor of marketing at the McCombs School of Business, said in a statement. Photo by NordWood Themes on Unsplash In another experiment, the researchers had strangers connect by either texting, talking over video chat, or talking using only audio. They found that both forms of voice communication—whether video or audio only—made the strangers feel significantly more connected than when they communicated via text. Sabrina Romanoff, a Harvard trained clinical psychologist based in New York City, says people tend to text or email instead of calling because of convenience, as they see it as a controlled form of communication where they can "correspond information exactly in the way they intend without unexpected additions by the other person." Romanoff says that in reality, texting can make it hard to determine the true meaning behind a conversation. "A phone call is actually more convenient when considering the net effects of the message," she explains. "Each party is more present, and therefore, able to gauge the meaning behind the content without ruminating on the endless possible meanings behind words and punctuation."

在联系多年不见的老朋友时，你是选择打电话，还是发信息？很多人为了避免尴尬，会选择发信息，然而，研究发现，打电话才是联络感情的最佳方式。 繁忙的日程、遥远的距离、突如其来的疫情……太多的事情阻止你亲自去见你所爱的人。幸运的是我们有现代科技，只要一通电话或一个短信就能联系上我们想念的人。但如果你更倾向于发短信而不是打电话，你可能需要重新考虑一下。科学告诉我们，如果你想和交谈的人感觉更亲近，你应该给他们打电话，而不是发短信。 发表在《实验心理学杂志》的一项新研究发现，打电话或视频聊天等包含语音的通信互动比发短信和电子邮件等打字通信方式更能加强社交纽带关系。 在这项研究中，研究人员运用了各种实验来衡量纽带关系。在其中一项实验中，他们请200个人预想通过电邮或打电话重新和一个老朋友取得联系的场景，然后随机指派人们发电邮或打电话。尽管人们预期打电话会更尴尬，但听到对方的声音实际上会让体验更好。 研究报告的合著者、麦康姆商学院营销学助理教授阿米特·库马尔在一份声明中称：“人们报告称他们与老朋友打电话相比发电邮可以建立起更强的纽带关系，而且并不感到更尴尬。” 在另一个实验中，研究人员让陌生人通过发短信、视频聊天或语音聊天来联络。他们发现，无论是视频还是语音聊天，这两种语音通信方式都比发短信更能显著增强陌生人之间的纽带关系。 哈佛大学毕业的纽约临床心理学家塞布丽娜·罗曼诺夫表示，为了方便，人们倾向于发短信或电子邮件，而不是打电话，因为他们将短信和电邮视为可控的通信方式，可以“精确地发送自己想传达的信息，而不会受到另一个人意外插话的干扰”。 罗曼诺夫指出，事实上，发短信会让人难以确定对话背后的真实含义。她解释道：“如果想保证信息传达的效果，打电话其实更方便。双方都在，因此能理解对话内容背后的含义，而不用没完没了地反思词句和标点背后的潜在含义。” 英文来源：Bestlifeonline 翻译&编辑：丹妮

秋季招聘已经开始，你是否在找工作或准备跳槽？很多人在求职时基本不会拒绝对方所提供的薪水，更不知道该如何开口要求加薪。行业薪资信息网站Salary.com给出四点薪酬谈判建议，教你如何与老板讨价还价。 Candidates review information on vacancies during a recent job fair in Suqian, Jiangsu province. [Photo by Zheng Xujun/For China Daily] Did you negotiate your salary for your current job? If not, you're not alone. Some 41 percent of people didn't, according to Salary.com. 你有为现在的工作协商过薪水吗？如果没有，你也并不孤单。据行业薪资信息网站Salary.com称，大约41％的人都没有。 Many fear that haggling over the starting salary will take them out of the running for the job entirely. 许多人担心在起薪问题上讨价还价会让他们完全失去这份工作。 But not negotiating for a competitive salary at the start of a new job starts you off on the wrong financial footing, because every bonus and raise you get moving forward will likely be a percentage based off that starting figure. 但是，在新工作开始的时候，你如果不去争取一份有竞争力的薪水，你的财务状况就会有一个不良的开端。因为你获得的每一笔奖金和加薪都很可能是基于这个起始数字的一个百分数。 Smart move: Don't take the first offer. You have the most leverage when they want you, but don't have you yet — and it's important to recognize and take advantage of that moment. 明智之举：不要接受第一个提议。当他们需要你但还未拥有你的时候，你的筹码是最大的——认识并利用这一刻很重要。 People think you have to ask for what's acceptable, but you should ask yourself: What do I need to earn so that I don't have to worry about money? That's what your time is worth. 人们认为你必须提一个对方可以接受的薪资，但你应该问问自己：我需要挣多少钱才能让我不用为钱担心？这就是你的时间的价值。 Also understand that the expectation from the other side of the table is that you will ask for more. A study from CareerBuilder shows 45 percent of employers are willing to negotiate your initial job offer, and in fact expect you to do so. 而且你还要明白，招聘者本来就觉得你会要求更多。凯业必达招聘网的一项研究表明，45％的雇主愿意就最初提出的薪资与你协商，实际上他们也期望你这样做。 You're only letting yourself down if you don't. 如果你不这样做，你只会让自己的身价下跌。 Before you begin salary negotiations with a prospective employer, you need to find out how much the job is worth – and how much your skills and experience are worth to the employer. 在你开始与未来的雇主进行薪资谈判之前，你需要弄清楚这份工作值多少钱，以及你的技能和经验对雇主来说值多少钱。 Take the time to research salaries long before you even begin discussing pay. 在你开始讨论报酬之前，花点时间研究一下。 That way you will be prepared to make your case and land a job offer that's realistic and reasonable. 这样，你就可以做好准备提出你的意见，找到一份薪资现实又合理的工作。 The most productive salary negotiations occur between people who realize that they have a common goal: to get the employee paid appropriately for their skills and experience. 最有成效的薪资谈判发生在那些意识到他们有一个共同目标的人之间：让员工根据他们的技能和经验获得相应的薪酬。 Negotiations needn't be adversarial, and no one has to get aggressive. 谈判没有必要针锋相对，也没有必要咄咄逼人。 If you're a reluctant negotiator, it might help to keep in mind that you're on the same side. 如果你不是一个很放得开的谈判者，那么请记住：你和招聘方实际上是站在同一边的。 Negotiations can include all aspects of compensation, including salary, bonuses, stock options, benefits, perks, vacation time, and more. 谈判可以包括薪酬的所有方面，包括工资、奖金、股票期权、福利、津贴、假期等等。 Here are some salary negotiation tips: 以下是关于薪资谈判的一些技巧: 1.Wait for the appropriate time. 等待合适的时间。 Start by being very patient. When interviewing for a new position, do your best not to bring up compensation until the employer makes you an offer. 首先要非常有耐心。面试时，在雇主向你发出入职邀请之前，最好不要先提出期望的薪资。 Resist throwing out the first number. If you're asked what your salary requirements are, say that they are open based upon the position and the overall compensation package. 拒绝先提薪资的金额。如果有人问你对薪资的要求是什么，你可以说你的要求是根据职位和整体薪酬灵活变动。 Or tell the employer you'd like to know more about the responsibilities and the challenges of the job prior to discussing salary. 或者告诉雇主，在讨论薪水之前，你想更多地了解工作的职责和挑战。 Base your salary request on data. If you're forced to give a number, provide a salary range based upon the research you've done up front. 根据数据提出薪资要求。如果一定要给出一个数字，你可以根据事先做的调研提供一个工资范围。 Use this research to inform your negotiating technique. Talk about what's appropriate for the role, based on your experience and what you have to offer. 利用这些调研来指导你的谈判技巧。根据你的经验和你能做出的贡献，谈谈适合这个职位的薪资水平。 Resist the temptation to talk about your personal financial needs. 避免谈论你的个人经济需求。 2.Take your time. 慢慢来。 Once you've received the offer, you don't need to accept (or reject) it right away. 收到工作邀请后，你不需要立即接受（或拒绝）它。 A simple "I need to think it over" can get you an increase in the original offer. 一句简单的“我需要考虑一下”就能让你在最初的薪酬报价上有所提高。 Consider saying no. If you're ambivalent about the position, a "no" can bring you a better offer too. 考虑说“不”。如果你对这个职位犹豫不决，说“不”也能给你带来更高的薪资报价。 3.But don't decline a job that you want or need. 但不要拒绝你想要或需要的工作。 Be careful though, if you do definitely need that new job there's a risk that the employer may accept your declining the position and move on to the next candidate. 如果你确实需要那份新工作的话，你要小心，雇主可能会接受你的拒绝，转而选择下一个候选人。 4.Negotiate benefits. 福利协商。 Consider whether there are employee benefits and perks that might be negotiable, even if the salary isn't. 即使工资不能协商，也要考虑一下员工福利和津贴是否可以协商。 中文来源： 沪江英语 审校：Jade，丹妮

Candidates review information on vacancies during a recent job fair in Suqian, Jiangsu province. [Photo by Zheng Xujun/For China Daily] Did you negotiate your salary for your current job? If not, you're not alone. Some 41 percent of people didn't, according to Salary.com. Many fear that haggling over the starting salary will take them out of the running for the job entirely. But not negotiating for a competitive salary at the start of a new job starts you off on the wrong financial footing, because every bonus and raise you get moving forward will likely be a percentage based off that starting figure. Smart move: Don't take the first offer. You have the most leverage when they want you, but don't have you yet — and it's important to recognize and take advantage of that moment. People think you have to ask for what's acceptable, but you should ask yourself: What do I need to earn so that I don't have to worry about money? That's what your time is worth. Also understand that the expectation from the other side of the table is that you will ask for more. A study from CareerBuilder shows 45 percent of employers are willing to negotiate your initial job offer, and in fact expect you to do so. You're only letting yourself down if you don't. Before you begin salary negotiations with a prospective employer, you need to find out how much the job is worth – and how much your skills and experience are worth to the employer. Take the time to research salaries long before you even begin discussing pay. That way you will be prepared to make your case and land a job offer that's realistic and reasonable. The most productive salary negotiations occur between people who realize that they have a common goal: to get the employee paid appropriately for their skills and experience. Negotiations needn't be adversarial, and no one has to get aggressive. If you're a reluctant negotiator, it might help to keep in mind that you're on the same side. Negotiations can include all aspects of compensation, including salary, bonuses, stock options, benefits, perks, vacation time, and more. Here are some salary negotiation tips: 1.Wait for the appropriate time. Start by being very patient. When interviewing for a new position, do your best not to bring up compensation until the employer makes you an offer. Resist throwing out the first number. If you're asked what your salary requirements are, say that they are open based upon the position and the overall compensation package. Or tell the employer you'd like to know more about the responsibilities and the challenges of the job prior to discussing salary. Base your salary request on data. If you're forced to give a number, provide a salary range based upon the research you've done up front. Use this research to inform your negotiating technique. Talk about what's appropriate for the role, based on your experience and what you have to offer. Resist the temptation to talk about your personal financial needs. 2.Take your time. Once you've received the offer, you don't need to accept (or reject) it right away. A simple "I need to think it over" can get you an increase in the original offer. Consider saying no. If you're ambivalent about the position, a "no" can bring you a better offer too. 3.But don't decline a job that you want or need. Be careful though, if you do definitely need that new job there's a risk that the employer may accept your declining the position and move on to the next candidate. 4.Negotiate benefits. Consider whether there are employee benefits and perks that might be negotiable, even if the salary isn't.

秋季招聘已经开始，你是否在找工作或准备跳槽？很多人在求职时基本不会拒绝对方所提供的薪水，更不知道该如何开口要求加薪。行业薪资信息网站Salary.com给出四点薪酬谈判建议，教你如何与老板讨价还价。 你有为现在的工作协商过薪水吗？如果没有，你也并不孤单。据行业薪资信息网站Salary.com称，大约41％的人都没有。 许多人担心在起薪问题上讨价还价会让他们完全失去这份工作。 但是，在新工作开始的时候，你如果不去争取一份有竞争力的薪水，你的财务状况就会有一个不良的开端。因为你获得的每一笔奖金和加薪都很可能是基于这个起始数字的一个百分数。 明智之举：不要接受第一个提议。当他们需要你但还未拥有你的时候，你的筹码是最大的——认识并利用这一刻很重要。 人们认为你必须提一个对方可以接受的薪资，但你应该问问自己：我需要挣多少钱才能让我不用为钱担心？这就是你的时间的价值。 而且你还要明白，招聘者本来就觉得你会要求更多。凯业必达招聘网的一项研究表明，45％的雇主愿意就最初提出的薪资与你协商，实际上他们也期望你这样做。 如果你不这样做，你只会让自己的身价下跌。 在你开始与未来的雇主进行薪资谈判之前，你需要弄清楚这份工作值多少钱，以及你的技能和经验对雇主来说值多少钱。 在你开始讨论报酬之前，花点时间研究一下。 这样，你就可以做好准备提出你的意见，找到一份薪资现实又合理的工作。 最有成效的薪资谈判发生在那些意识到他们有一个共同目标的人之间：让员工根据他们的技能和经验获得相应的薪酬。 谈判没有必要针锋相对，也没有必要咄咄逼人。 如果你不是一个很放得开的谈判者，那么请记住：你和招聘方实际上是站在同一边的。 谈判可以包括薪酬的所有方面，包括工资、奖金、股票期权、福利、津贴、假期等等。 以下是关于薪资谈判的一些技巧: 等待合适的时间。 首先要非常有耐心。面试时，在雇主向你发出入职邀请之前，最好不要先提出期望的薪资。 拒绝先提薪资的金额。如果有人问你对薪资的要求是什么，你可以说你的要求是根据职位和整体薪酬灵活变动。 或者告诉雇主，在讨论薪水之前，你想更多地了解工作的职责和挑战。 根据数据提出薪资要求。如果一定要给出一个数字，你可以根据事先做的调研提供一个工资范围。 利用这些调研来指导你的谈判技巧。根据你的经验和你能做出的贡献，谈谈适合这个职位的薪资水平。 避免谈论你的个人经济需求。 慢慢来。 收到工作邀请后，你不需要立即接受（或拒绝）它。 一句简单的“我需要考虑一下”就能让你在最初的薪酬报价上有所提高。 考虑说“不”。如果你对这个职位犹豫不决，说“不”也能给你带来更高的薪资报价。 但不要拒绝你想要或需要的工作。 如果你确实需要那份新工作的话，你要小心，雇主可能会接受你的拒绝，转而选择下一个候选人。 福利协商。 即使工资不能协商，也要考虑一下员工福利和津贴是否可以协商。 中文来源： 沪江英语 审校：Jade，丹妮

如何保证员工在办公室保持社交距离？以色列一家公司的智能传感器可以帮管理者解决这一难题。只要在天花板上安装这一传感器，就能跟踪记录人与人之间的距离，当间距过小时还能发警报提醒。 PointGrab has adapted its sensors to monitor social distancing in the workplace. Credit:PointGrab If businesses are to get reluctant workers back into the office, finding ways to maintain social distancing will be key. An Israeli company thinks it can help, using smart sensors mounted on workplace ceilings. 疫情之下，如果企业想把不情愿复工的员工拉回办公室，找到保持社交距离的方法很关键。一家以色列公司认为在办公室天花板上安装智能传感器将有助于保持社交距离。 PointGrab developed its technology before the pandemic to help workspace managers optimize how employees use office space. About the size of a smoke alarm, the sensors can record the exact number and location of people in buildings including offices, hotels and restaurants. PointGrab公司在疫情前就研发出了这一技术，帮助职场的管理者们优化员工使用办公空间的方式。这种传感器和烟雾警报器差不多大，可以记录办公大楼、酒店和餐厅等建筑物内人员的精确数量和位置。 One of the company's first clients was Deloitte, which installed the system at its flagship London office last year. PointGrab's sensors were connected to screens in the building to show the availability of desks and shared areas in real time. PointGrab CEO Doron Shachar says it was one of a range of innovations that helped Deloitte fit 30% more people into 3% less space. 德勤会计师事务所是这家公司最早的客户之一，德勤去年在伦敦总部办公室安装了这一系统。PointGrab的传感器和建筑物内的屏幕相连，实时显示可供使用的办公桌数量和共享空间。PointGrab公司的首席执行官多伦·沙哈尔说，这是该公司的一系列创新项目之一，帮助德勤公司在比原来小3%的空间内安置了比原来多30%的人员。 Now PointGrab has adapted the technology so the sensors can also monitor social distancing by keeping track of how far apart people are, and whether they're traveling in one direction around a building. 如今，PointGrab公司将这一技术调整后应用到社交隔离上，通过让传感器追踪记录人与人之间的距离来监控社交隔离的情况，以及人们是否向大楼的同一个方向移动。 Workspace managers can set up alerts for when two people are closer than two meters for more than 30 seconds, for example. 举例来说，职场管理者可以设置警报，当两个人的间距小于两米，并保持这样的间距超过30秒时，警报就会响起。 A PointGrab sensor, around the size of a smoke alarm.Credit:PointGrab The sensors have been included in the "six feet office" concept created by real estate services company Cushman & Wakefield to encourage employees to practice social distancing. They are currently being used in this way at a university in the Netherlands, and at an innovation hub in Belgium. 这种传感器被运用在房地产顾问公司戴德梁行的“六英尺办公室”概念中，以鼓励员工践行社交隔离。目前荷兰的一所大学和比利时的一个创新中心正在使用这种传感器来实行社交隔离。 While the social distancing innovation is new, PointGrab has deployed more than 10,000 sensors for workspace optimization, including in the offices of Coca-Cola, Facebook and Dell. 尽管这一社交隔离创新项目刚出不久，PointGrab已经在可口可乐、脸书和戴尔等公司的办公室安装了超1万台传感器来优化办公空间利用率。 Workers might not like the idea of being monitored, but PointGrab says no images or identifying features are recorded. Instead, each employee is represented as an anonymous dot on a dashboard. 员工也许不喜欢被监视，不过PointGrab表示，传感器不会记录任何影像或可识别的特征。事实上，每个员工在监控仪表盘上都显示为一个无名的小点。 "The sensor does not violate people's privacy," Shachar says. "This is extremely important in the workspace." 沙哈尔说：“传感器不会侵犯人们的隐私，这一点在职场极为重要。” 英文来源：美国有线电视新闻网 翻译&编辑：丹妮

PointGrab has adapted its sensors to monitor social distancing in the workplace. Credit:PointGrab If businesses are to get reluctant workers back into the office, finding ways to maintain social distancing will be key. An Israeli company thinks it can help, using smart sensors mounted on workplace ceilings. PointGrab developed its technology before the pandemic to help workspace managers optimize how employees use office space. About the size of a smoke alarm, the sensors can record the exact number and location of people in buildings including offices, hotels and restaurants. One of the company's first clients was Deloitte, which installed the system at its flagship London office last year. PointGrab's sensors were connected to screens in the building to show the availability of desks and shared areas in real time. PointGrab CEO Doron Shachar says it was one of a range of innovations that helped Deloitte fit 30% more people into 3% less space. Now PointGrab has adapted the technology so the sensors can also monitor social distancing by keeping track of how far apart people are, and whether they're traveling in one direction around a building. Workspace managers can set up alerts for when two people are closer than two meters for more than 30 seconds, for example. A PointGrab sensor, around the size of a smoke alarm.Credit:PointGrab The sensors have been included in the "six feet office" concept created by real estate services company Cushman & Wakefield to encourage employees to practice social distancing. They are currently being used in this way at a university in the Netherlands, and at an innovation hub in Belgium. While the social distancing innovation is new, PointGrab has deployed more than 10,000 sensors for workspace optimization, including in the offices of Coca-Cola, Facebook and Dell. Workers might not like the idea of being monitored, but PointGrab says no images or identifying features are recorded. Instead, each employee is represented as an anonymous dot on a dashboard. "The sensor does not violate people's privacy," Shachar says. "This is extremely important in the workspace."

如何保证员工在办公室保持社交距离？以色列一家公司的智能传感器可以帮管理者解决这一难题。只要在天花板上安装这一传感器，就能跟踪记录人与人之间的距离，当间距过小时还能发警报提醒。 疫情之下，如果企业想把不情愿复工的员工拉回办公室，找到保持社交距离的方法很关键。一家以色列公司认为在办公室天花板上安装智能传感器将有助于保持社交距离。 PointGrab公司在疫情前就研发出了这一技术，帮助职场的管理者们优化员工使用办公空间的方式。这种传感器和烟雾警报器差不多大，可以记录办公大楼、酒店和餐厅等建筑物内人员的精确数量和位置。 德勤会计师事务所是这家公司最早的客户之一，德勤去年在伦敦总部办公室安装了这一系统。PointGrab的传感器和建筑物内的屏幕相连，实时显示可供使用的办公桌数量和共享空间。PointGrab公司的首席执行官多伦·沙哈尔说，这是该公司的一系列创新项目之一，帮助德勤公司在比原来小3%的空间内安置了比原来多30%的人员。 如今，PointGrab公司将这一技术调整后应用到社交隔离上，通过让传感器追踪记录人与人之间的距离来监控社交隔离的情况，以及人们是否向大楼的同一个方向移动。 举例来说，职场管理者可以设置警报，当两个人的间距小于两米，并保持这样的间距超过30秒时，警报就会响起。 这种传感器被运用在房地产顾问公司戴德梁行的“六英尺办公室”概念中，以鼓励员工践行社交隔离。目前荷兰的一所大学和比利时的一个创新中心正在使用这种传感器来实行社交隔离。 尽管这一社交隔离创新项目刚出不久，PointGrab已经在可口可乐、脸书和戴尔等公司的办公室安装了超1万台传感器来优化办公空间利用率。 员工也许不喜欢被监视，不过PointGrab表示，传感器不会记录任何影像或可识别的特征。事实上，每个员工在监控仪表盘上都显示为一个无名的小点。 沙哈尔说：“传感器不会侵犯人们的隐私，这一点在职场极为重要。” 英文来源：美国有线电视新闻网 翻译&编辑：丹妮

A scene in The Sacrifice features actor Zhang Yi. [Photo provided to China Daily] 你是军迷吗？如果是，正在热映的最新大片《金刚川》会吸引你走进电影院。 根据猫眼专业版票房数据，截至10月25日15点，《金刚川》上映仅三天，票房便突破3亿大关。 影片改编自真实事件，不少网友被剧情深深感动，提醒其他观众“要带好纸巾“。#金刚川泪点#也上了微博热搜。 To mark the 70th anniversary of the Chinese People's Volunteers forces entering the Democratic People's Republic of Korea to fight in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea (1950-53), the epic film The Sacrifice opened on Oct 23, quickly topping the country's box office charts during the first weekend. 为纪念抗美援朝出国作战70周年，电影《金刚川》于10月23日上映，迅速成为本周末的全国票房冠军。 Bringing together three A-list directors — Guan Hu, Guo Fan and Lu Yang — the film is adapted from true stories but added fictional content. The cinematic story is set on July 12, 1953, the second day after the outbreak of the Battle of Kumsong. 集结了三名顶尖导演管虎、郭帆和路阳，这部“命题式作文”的电影改编自真实历史事件，但进行了艺术加工。影片中的故事发生于1953年7月12日，是金城战役打响的第二天。 According to the Ministry of National Defense, the Battle of Kumsong — which lasted 15 days — was the last fight of the war. Chinese People's Volunteers army killed, wounded and captured more than 52,000 enemy troops, accelerating the signing of the armistice. 据国防部官网上介绍，金城战役是抗美援朝战争的最后一次战役，此役历时15天，志愿军毙伤俘敌5.2万余人，有力地促进了朝鲜停战的实现。 I watched the film during the Beijing premiere on Thursday night, hardly able to hold back my tears for the fearless Chinese soldiers, who bravely fought until the last moment, despite the fact their weapons were much lower quality than those of the US forces. 上周四晚，《金刚川》在北京举办首映礼时，我看了这部影片，忍不住泪盈于睫。尽管中国志愿军的武器装备远远落后于美军，他们以异常惨烈的决绝，战斗到生命最后一刻。 Unlike most previous domestic war-themed films that chronicle milestone incidents or highlight historic figures, the feature is quite unlikely to turn the lens to ordinary soldiers who sacrificed their lives to defend a bridge. 中国不乏战争片。《金刚川》却另辟蹊径，没有像以往军事题材影片一样，着眼于重大历史事件或是历史中的风云人物，却将镜头对准了普通士兵，记录下他们以血肉之躯守住那座桥。 Stretching across the torrent Kumgang River with its widest part reaching around 60 meters and as deep as four meters, the bridge was the only portal to transport thousands of Chinese soldiers and military vehicles to the battlefield of Kumsong. 奔腾的金刚川深4米， 其最宽处达60米，跨越于湍急河面上的一座简易工兵桥，是将志愿军大部队运往金城战役前线的唯一通道。 In the film that unfolds with three different perspectives, you will see the air was dominated by American fighters due to Chinese troops’ severe shortage of weapons, resulting in many deaths among Chinese soldiers. 影片从三个视角分别切入。由于中国志愿军武器装备严重不足，金刚川上的制空权完全被美军霸占，这场守桥保卫战打得异常惨烈。 Zhang Yi has garnered the most praise thanks to his textbook portrayal of Zhang Fei, an anti-aircraft gunner, convincingly showcasing his transformation from being a somewhat cowardly, hesitant figure to a fearless hero who wants revenge for his close comrade and creates a chance for the major forces to get across the bridge. 张译又一次奉献了教课书般的演技。他饰演高射炮炮手张飞，传神地表演出这个角色从起初的懦弱犹豫到最后的决绝无畏，为战友报仇、为大部队能渡河而拼死一搏。 In the last scene, the character climbs back to an anti-craft gun despite one of his arms and legs being blown up during a bombing attack, using his last strength to fire at a diving US fighter plane. 在最后的场景中，张飞因美军的轰炸失去一条腿和一条胳膊，他拖着残缺的身体爬回高射炮上，拼尽最后一丝力气，将炮弹对准俯冲的美军飞机。 Just at that moment, you may find your body clenched up and your stomach in knots, realizing the line in China's national anthem that says “using our flesh and blood to build the Great Wall" has literal implications. 看到这惨烈的一刻时，你或许会忍不住觉得自己的身体僵硬了，胃里翻江倒海。看到战士们以血肉之躯架桥，你才能真正体会到国歌里唱的那句：“把我们的血肉，筑成我们新的长城。” 感谢英烈们以他们的血肉之躯，为我们铸就今天的和平盛世。 编辑：商桢 来源：China Daily微信公众号

A scene in The Sacrifice features actor Zhang Yi. [Photo provided to China Daily] To mark the 70th anniversary of the Chinese People's Volunteers forces entering the Democratic People's Republic of Korea to fight in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea (1950-53), the epic film The Sacrifice opened on Oct 23, quickly topping the country's box office charts during the first weekend. Bringing together three A-list directors — Guan Hu, Guo Fan and Lu Yang — the film is adapted from true stories but added fictional content. The cinematic story is set on July 12, 1953, the second day after the outbreak of the Battle of Kumsong. According to the Ministry of National Defense, the Battle of Kumsong — which lasted 15 days — was the last fight of the war. Chinese People's Volunteers army killed, wounded and captured more than 52,000 enemy troops, accelerating the signing of the armistice. I watched the film during the Beijing premiere on Thursday night, hardly able to hold back my tears for the fearless Chinese soldiers, who bravely fought until the last moment, despite the fact their weapons were much lower quality than those of the US forces. Unlike most previous domestic war-themed films that chronicle milestone incidents or highlight historic figures, the feature is quite unlikely to turn the lens to ordinary soldiers who sacrificed their lives to defend a bridge. Stretching across the torrent Kumgang River with its widest part reaching around 60 meters and as deep as four meters, the bridge was the only portal to transport thousands of Chinese soldiers and military vehicles to the battlefield of Kumsong. In the film that unfolds with three different perspectives, you will see the air was dominated by American fighters due to Chinese troops’ severe shortage of weapons, resulting in many deaths among Chinese soldiers. Zhang Yi has garnered the most praise thanks to his textbook portrayal of Zhang Fei, an anti-aircraft gunner, convincingly showcasing his transformation from being a somewhat cowardly, hesitant figure to a fearless hero who wants revenge for his close comrade and creates a chance for the major forces to get across the bridge. In the last scene, the character climbs back to an anti-craft gun despite one of his arms and legs being blown up during a bombing attack, using his last strength to fire at a diving US fighter plane. Just at that moment, you may find your body clenched up and your stomach in knots, realizing the line in China's national anthem that says “using our flesh and blood to build the Great Wall" has literal implications.

你是军迷吗？如果是，正在热映的最新大片《金刚川》会吸引你走进电影院。 根据猫眼专业版票房数据，截至10月25日15点，《金刚川》上映仅三天，票房便突破3亿大关。 影片改编自真实事件，不少网友被剧情深深感动，提醒其他观众“要带好纸巾“。#金刚川泪点#也上了微博热搜。 为纪念抗美援朝出国作战70周年，电影《金刚川》于10月23日上映，迅速成为本周末的全国票房冠军。 集结了三名顶尖导演管虎、郭帆和路阳，这部“命题式作文”的电影改编自真实历史事件，但进行了艺术加工。影片中的故事发生于1953年7月12日，是金城战役打响的第二天。 据国防部官网上介绍，金城战役是抗美援朝战争的最后一次战役，此役历时15天，志愿军毙伤俘敌5.2万余人，有力地促进了朝鲜停战的实现。 上周四晚，《金刚川》在北京举办首映礼时，我看了这部影片，忍不住泪盈于睫。尽管中国志愿军的武器装备远远落后于美军，他们以异常惨烈的决绝，战斗到生命最后一刻。 中国不乏战争片。《金刚川》却另辟蹊径，没有像以往军事题材影片一样，着眼于重大历史事件或是历史中的风云人物，却将镜头对准了普通士兵，记录下他们以血肉之躯守住那座桥。 奔腾的金刚川深4米， 其最宽处达60米，跨越于湍急河面上的一座简易工兵桥，是将志愿军大部队运往金城战役前线的唯一通道。 影片从三个视角分别切入。由于中国志愿军武器装备严重不足，金刚川上的制空权完全被美军霸占，这场守桥保卫战打得异常惨烈。 张译又一次奉献了教课书般的演技。他饰演高射炮炮手张飞，传神地表演出这个角色从起初的懦弱犹豫到最后的决绝无畏，为战友报仇、为大部队能渡河而拼死一搏。 在最后的场景中，张飞因美军的轰炸失去一条腿和一条胳膊，他拖着残缺的身体爬回高射炮上，拼尽最后一丝力气，将炮弹对准俯冲的美军飞机。 看到这惨烈的一刻时，你或许会忍不住觉得自己的身体僵硬了，胃里翻江倒海。看到战士们以血肉之躯架桥，你才能真正体会到国歌里唱的那句：“把我们的血肉，筑成我们新的长城。” 感谢英烈们以他们的血肉之躯，为我们铸就今天的和平盛世。 编辑：商桢 来源：China Daily微信公众号

你可曾想过飞机有朝一日能实现零排放吗？这一天离我们不远了。空客公司日前公布了三款氢动力飞机的视觉概念图，并表示氢动力飞机将在2030年到2040年间投入商业使用。 An artist's impression showing one of three zero-emission concept aircraft known as ZEROe (Credit: Airbus) Zero-emission large passenger aircraft powered by hydrogen will be technically feasible in five years, according to Airbus, but they will not enter service for at least a decade as the price of the fuel needs to come down. 欧洲飞机制造集团空客公司称，零排放的大型氢动力客机将于五年内扫清技术障碍，但由于氢燃料的价格因素，还需要至少十年才能投入使用。 The prediction comes from Glenn Llewellyn, vice-president of zero-emissions technology at the pan-European plane-maker. 空客公司零排放技术部副总裁格伦·卢埃林做出了这一预测。 He said that while Airbus planned to demonstrate hydrogen-powered aircraft in 2025, “over the next 10 years, hydrogen won’t be more economic than the fossil fuel equivalent”. 他表示，尽管空客公司计划于2025年展示氢动力飞机，但是“未来十年内，氢燃料不会比化石燃料更省钱”。 For passengers to be flying genuinely emissions free aboard hydrogen-powered planes - which emit only water and heat - their fuel needs to come from hydrogen produced via renewable sources such as wind and solar, he added. 他补充道，要让乘客坐上真正零排放（只排放水和热）的氢动力飞机，就必须使用以风能和太阳能等可再生能源为动力生成的氢燃料。 In an interview ahead of the BloombergNEF London Summit, Mr Llewellyn said: “We already see massive increases in the amount of renewable energy being produced across the world. Wind energy production has multiplied by two over the last five years and solar energy production has multiplied by four.” 在彭博新能源财经伦敦峰会开幕前接受采访时，卢埃林称：“我们已经看到世界各地产出的可再生能源在大量增加。过去五年风能产出量增加了一倍，太阳能产出量增加了三倍。” Screenshot from Telegraph A further hurdle is building up the ecosystem that hydrogen aircraft, along with other forms of transport, will need. This ranges from creating the fuel from electrolysis to split water into hydrogen and oxygen powered by renewable energy, to the actual transport of the gas and fuelling systems for it at airports. 还有一个要跨越的障碍，就是建立氢动力飞机和其他交通工具所需的生态系统，包括以可再生能源为动力将水电解成氢和氧的氢燃料生产，运输氢燃料的交通工具以及机场的燃料补给系统。 However, Mr Llewellyn predicted that there was enough interest in the sector to make this happen. 但是，卢埃林预测，业内对氢动力飞机的浓厚兴趣将助其实现。 He added: “There are a number of independent institutes that have mapped out how hydrogen costs can come down over the next decades. We see a 30pc reduction in renewable hydrogen costs in 2030 compared to where it is today, and a 50pc reduction in renewable hydrogen costs by 2050. 他补充道：“关于未来几十年如何降低氢燃料成本，许多独立机构已经做出了规划。我们预测，到2030年可再生氢燃料的成本将比现在降低30%，到2050年将降低50%。” "They are exactly the kind of cost figures that are interesting for us, because it makes zero-emission aviation commercially viable in the 2030s.” “这一成本数据对我们很有吸引力，因为它使得零排放飞机在2030年后具有商业可行性。” Last month UK-based ZeroAvia conducted the world’s first flight of a commercial-grade aircraft powered by a hydrogen fuel cell when it flew a six-seater Piper Malibu plane from Cranfield University’s airport. 上个月英国飞机公司ZeroAvia举行了世界首架氢燃料电池驱动的商用级别飞机的试飞。这架有六个座位的派珀马里布飞机从克兰菲尔德大学的机场起飞。 Credit: ZeroAvia The aircraft did two circuits of the Bedfordshire airfield, reaching 1,000ft and 100 knots, during the eight-minute flight. 在这次时长8分钟的试飞中，该飞机围绕贝德福德郡的机场飞了两圈，飞行高度达到1000英尺（305米），航速达到100节（185公里/小时）。 A few days before, Airbus unveiled a series of design proposals for hydrogen-driven aircraft, including a “blended wing” concept that provides greater storage capacity. 几天前，空客公司发布了一系列氢动力飞机的设计方案，包括提供更大存储容量的“翼身融合”概念。 This design could be key to hydrogen-powered aircraft as the fuel is less energy dense than conventional fuel and so requires more space to match performance of existing aeroplanes. 这一设计对氢动力飞机可能很关键，因为氢燃料的能量密度没有传统的航空燃油那么大，所以要使用更大体积的氢燃料才能匹配现有飞机的性能。 英文来源：每日电讯报 翻译&编辑：丹妮

An artist's impression showing one of three zero-emission concept aircraft known as ZEROe (Credit: Airbus) Zero-emission large passenger aircraft powered by hydrogen will be technically feasible in five years, according to Airbus, but they will not enter service for at least a decade as the price of the fuel needs to come down. The prediction comes from Glenn Llewellyn, vice-president of zero-emissions technology at the pan-European plane-maker. He said that while Airbus planned to demonstrate hydrogen-powered aircraft in 2025, “over the next 10 years, hydrogen won’t be more economic than the fossil fuel equivalent”. For passengers to be flying genuinely emissions free aboard hydrogen-powered planes - which emit only water and heat - their fuel needs to come from hydrogen produced via renewable sources such as wind and solar, he added. In an interview ahead of the BloombergNEF London Summit, Mr Llewellyn said: “We already see massive increases in the amount of renewable energy being produced across the world. Wind energy production has multiplied by two over the last five years and solar energy production has multiplied by four.” Screenshot from Telegraph A further hurdle is building up the ecosystem that hydrogen aircraft, along with other forms of transport, will need. This ranges from creating the fuel from electrolysis to split water into hydrogen and oxygen powered by renewable energy, to the actual transport of the gas and fuelling systems for it at airports. However, Mr Llewellyn predicted that there was enough interest in the sector to make this happen. He added: “There are a number of independent institutes that have mapped out how hydrogen costs can come down over the next decades. We see a 30pc reduction in renewable hydrogen costs in 2030 compared to where it is today, and a 50pc reduction in renewable hydrogen costs by 2050. "They are exactly the kind of cost figures that are interesting for us, because it makes zero-emission aviation commercially viable in the 2030s.” Last month UK-based ZeroAvia conducted the world’s first flight of a commercial-grade aircraft powered by a hydrogen fuel cell when it flew a six-seater Piper Malibu plane from Cranfield University’s airport. Credit: ZeroAvia The aircraft did two circuits of the Bedfordshire airfield, reaching 1,000ft and 100 knots, during the eight-minute flight. A few days before, Airbus unveiled a series of design proposals for hydrogen-driven aircraft, including a “blended wing” concept that provides greater storage capacity. This design could be key to hydrogen-powered aircraft as the fuel is less energy dense than conventional fuel and so requires more space to match performance of existing aeroplanes.

你可曾想过飞机有朝一日能实现零排放吗？这一天离我们不远了。空客公司日前公布了三款氢动力飞机的视觉概念图，并表示氢动力飞机将在2030年到2040年间投入商业使用。 欧洲飞机制造集团空客公司称，零排放的大型氢动力客机将于五年内扫清技术障碍，但由于氢燃料的价格因素，还需要至少十年才能投入使用。 空客公司零排放技术部副总裁格伦·卢埃林做出了这一预测。 他表示，尽管空客公司计划于2025年展示氢动力飞机，但是“未来十年内，氢燃料不会比化石燃料更省钱”。 他补充道，要让乘客坐上真正零排放（只排放水和热）的氢动力飞机，就必须使用以风能和太阳能等可再生能源为动力生成的氢燃料。 在彭博新能源财经伦敦峰会开幕前接受采访时，卢埃林称：“我们已经看到世界各地产出的可再生能源在大量增加。过去五年风能产出量增加了一倍，太阳能产出量增加了三倍。” 还有一个要跨越的障碍，就是建立氢动力飞机和其他交通工具所需的生态系统，包括以可再生能源为动力将水电解成氢和氧的氢燃料生产，运输氢燃料的交通工具以及机场的燃料补给系统。 但是，卢埃林预测，业内对氢动力飞机的浓厚兴趣将助其实现。 他补充道：“关于未来几十年如何降低氢燃料成本，许多独立机构已经做出了规划。我们预测，到2030年可再生氢燃料的成本将比现在降低30%，到2050年将降低50%。” “这一成本数据对我们很有吸引力，因为它使得零排放飞机在2030年后具有商业可行性。” 上个月英国飞机公司ZeroAvia举行了世界首架氢燃料电池驱动的商用级别飞机的试飞。这架有六个座位的派珀马里布飞机从克兰菲尔德大学的机场起飞。 在这次时长8分钟的试飞中，该飞机围绕贝德福德郡的机场飞了两圈，飞行高度达到1000英尺（305米），航速达到100节（185公里/小时）。 几天前，空客公司发布了一系列氢动力飞机的设计方案，包括提供更大存储容量的“翼身融合”概念。 这一设计对氢动力飞机可能很关键，因为氢燃料的能量密度没有传统的航空燃油那么大，所以要使用更大体积的氢燃料才能匹配现有飞机的性能。 英文来源：每日电讯报 翻译&编辑：丹妮

你一定听过“车厘子”的故事，这个音译的名字，比它的另一个名字——“樱桃”要流行得多。 无论是商场里的价格牌，还是网上调侃时常说的“车厘子自由”，用到的都是这个 cherries音译过来的名字——车厘子 。为汉字蒙上一层异域风情，可能正好方便了水果商们做营销。 Photo by T. Q. on Unsplash 将外文专有名词音译成中文一直是许多译者头疼的问题，读者们也常常被各种译名搞到头昏。 比方说，你可能很难将粤语译名 “祖高域” 和著名网球运动员 德约科维奇 （Djokovic） 联系在一起，不过如果你用粤语读一遍，大概就能理解了。 类似的粤语从英语音译过来的词还有： 班戟（pancake） ，即薄烤饼。 Photo by Sam Moqadam on Unsplash 士多啤梨（strawberry） ，即草莓。 Photo by Isaac Quesada on Unsplash 踢死兔（tuxedo /tʌkˈsiːdəʊ/） ，男士礼服、无尾礼服。 Photo by Benjamin Rascoe on Unsplash 西冷（sirloin /ˈsɜːlɔɪn/） ，牛的上腰部肉，牛排。 Photo by Loija Nguyen on Unsplash 除了从粤语中流传来的外来词，许多早期使用过的音译名词，今天看来也非常奇异。 《英汉互译实用教程第四版》中解释道，上世纪我国在专有名词翻译中缺乏统一规定，因此就催生了很多不同的译名，再加上无法重新出版过去的书籍并订正译名，多种版本的译名也就流传开来。 【 人 名 】 牛顿 （Newton）不会想到自己在中国刚开始的译名叫做 “奈端” 。 类似的， 维克多·雨果 （Victor Hugo）早期叫做 “嚣俄” ，可能是因为[hjuː]的发音与粤语中的“嚣”字很像。 另外 莎士比亚（Shakespeare）被译为“狭斯丕尔” 。《天演论》里，严复把 伽利略（Galileo）译为“加理列倭” 。 从左至右：牛顿、雨果、莎士比亚 有相似“待遇”的名字还有下面这些： 【 地 名 】 另外一本在清末为了“富强救国”而出版的书也是充满了早期的专有名词翻译，该书是郑观应编纂的论文集。其中就有很多地方的译名。 比方说， 他把牛津（Oxford）翻译成“敖斯佛”，剑桥（Cambridge）翻译成“堪比立”， 在现在看来最有趣的是把 哈佛大学（Harvard University）翻译成“哈吧书院” ，另外还有哥斯达黎加（Costa Rica）翻译成“考斯他立楷”。 从上至下：牛津大学、剑桥大学、哈佛大学 其他地名也是不胜枚举，请看下表： 【 其他外来名词 】 除了人名和地名之外，有一类抽象名词，从前并不存在于汉语中，是许多前辈译者翻译到中文里来的。比方说 逻辑学（logic）从前被严复翻译成“名学”，孙中山甚至把它翻译成“理则学” 。 复旦大学的创始人马相伯，作为有外语能力的神父，也翻译过不少名词。 Abstraction（抽象）被他翻译成“玄摛（chī）”，他还把philosophy（哲学）翻译成“致知”。 跟马相伯运用中文概念的方式不同， 严复可能是个音译狂魔，他把liberty（自由）翻译成“里勃尔特”，另一个“自由”，freedom，翻译成了“伏利当” 。 严复的音译还包括 英里（mile）“迷卢”，神经（nerve）“涅伏”，和斑马（zebra）“芝不拉” 。 从左至右：孙中山、严复、马相伯 看到这，你应该对而今我们熟悉的译名在此前有多少千奇百怪的译名变体有了大概了解。不过，译者们是怎么解决这种混乱的呢？ 之前提到的《教程》作者指出，应对音译外国专有名词，要秉承三个原则。 ❶ 要遵循专有名词所有者的发音 Follow the pronunciation of the owners of proper names It is unquestionably true that all the proper names should be transliterated from the correct pronunciation of their owners. 毫无疑问，音译专有名词需要遵循其原主人的正确发音。 The French names should be transliterated directly from the correct French pronunciation, the German names from the correct German pronunciation, and so on. 法语名要根据法语发音来音译，德语名要根据德语发音来音译，等等。 The Chinese translations of “England”, “Paris”, “Berlin” and “Rome” are correct ones according to this rule. 中文音译里的“英格兰”“巴黎”“柏林”，以及“罗马”都是遵循了这一原则。 ❷ 要用汉字的普通话发音 Use the standard pronunciation of the Chinese character Chinese characters are all monosyllabic with a single sound. The only remedy for this great confusion in translation is to fix certain Chinese characters to a certain syllable of foreign names. 汉字都是单音节的，只有一个音。要解决音译中的混乱问题，就要固定一些汉字来对应外来专有名词中的特定音节。 This work has been done by the Xinhua News Agency, whose achievements led to the drawing up of a list of Chinese characters for transliteration. 新华社完成了这一项工作，制定了一个外文名音译对应汉字列表。 ❸ 要采用已获得广泛认可和使用的译名 Adopt the established popular translated names Names such as , Bernard Shaw, Athens (/ˈæθənz/), Oxford, Cambridge , etc., are either inaccurate in pronunciation or even ridiculous in translation. 比方说 萧伯纳、雅典、牛津、剑桥 等等这类名字要么是汉字音不准确要么就是翻译上很怪诞。 But as they have been popularly known, they are generally accepted and well established. 但是因为这些名字已经很多人都有耳闻，它们已被广泛接受并已确立下来。 We have no idea to change these names or to retranslate them. To do so, we would perhaps create new confusion among the readers. 我们不会改变这些音译名亦或重译。要是这么做了，反倒可能给读者造成新的混乱。 现在，你应该知道怎么处理琳琅满目的外来专有名词了。 但是不管这些专有名词在现在看来多么搞笑和奇怪， 它们都是百年前的译者们打开窗，捧在手里传递下来的第一束光 。 Notes unquestionable [ʌnˈkwestʃənəbl] adj. 无疑的；无可非议的；确实的 transliterate [trænsˈlɪtəreɪt] v. 音译 monosyllabic [ˌmɒnəsɪˈlæbɪk] a. 单音节的 remedy [ˈremədi] n. 疗法；解决办法 （来源：中国日报双语新闻微信 编辑：左卓、马文英、实习生卓青弘）

Photo by T. Q. on Unsplash （Djokovic） Photo by Sam Moqadam on Unsplash Photo by Isaac Quesada on Unsplash Photo by Benjamin Rascoe on Unsplash Photo by Loija Nguyen on Unsplash 】 。 。 】 】 。 。 。 Follow the pronunciation of the owners of proper names It is unquestionably true that all the proper names should be transliterated from the correct pronunciation of their owners. The French names should be transliterated directly from the correct French pronunciation, the German names from the correct German pronunciation, and so on. The Chinese translations of “England”, “Paris”, “Berlin” and “Rome” are correct ones according to this rule. Use the standard pronunciation of the Chinese character Chinese characters are all monosyllabic with a single sound. The only remedy for this great confusion in translation is to fix certain Chinese characters to a certain syllable of foreign names. This work has been done by the Xinhua News Agency, whose achievements led to the drawing up of a list of Chinese characters for transliteration. Adopt the established popular translated names Names such as , , etc., are either inaccurate in pronunciation or even ridiculous in translation. But as they have been popularly known, they are generally accepted and well established. We have no idea to change these names or to retranslate them. To do so, we would perhaps create new confusion among the readers. 。 Notes

你一定听过“车厘子”的故事，这个音译的名字，比它的另一个名字——“樱桃”要流行得多。 无论是商场里的价格牌，还是网上调侃时常说的“车厘子自由”，用到的都是这个 cherries音译过来的名字——车厘子 。为汉字蒙上一层异域风情，可能正好方便了水果商们做营销。 将外文专有名词音译成中文一直是许多译者头疼的问题，读者们也常常被各种译名搞到头昏。 比方说，你可能很难将粤语译名 “祖高域” 和著名网球运动员 德约科维奇 联系在一起，不过如果你用粤语读一遍，大概就能理解了。 类似的粤语从英语音译过来的词还有： 班戟（pancake） ，即薄烤饼。 士多啤梨（strawberry） ，即草莓。 踢死兔（tuxedo /tʌkˈsiːdəʊ/） ，男士礼服、无尾礼服。 西冷（sirloin /ˈsɜːlɔɪn/） ，牛的上腰部肉，牛排。 除了从粤语中流传来的外来词，许多早期使用过的音译名词，今天看来也非常奇异。 《英汉互译实用教程第四版》中解释道，上世纪我国在专有名词翻译中缺乏统一规定，因此就催生了很多不同的译名，再加上无法重新出版过去的书籍并订正译名，多种版本的译名也就流传开来。 【 人 名 牛顿 （Newton）不会想到自己在中国刚开始的译名叫做 “奈端” 类似的， 维克多·雨果 （Victor Hugo）早期叫做 “嚣俄” ，可能是因为[hjuː]的发音与粤语中的“嚣”字很像。 另外 莎士比亚（Shakespeare）被译为“狭斯丕尔” 。《天演论》里，严复把 伽利略（Galileo）译为“加理列倭” 从左至右：牛顿、雨果、莎士比亚 有相似“待遇”的名字还有下面这些： 【 地 名 另外一本在清末为了“富强救国”而出版的书也是充满了早期的专有名词翻译，该书是郑观应编纂的论文集。其中就有很多地方的译名。 比方说， 他把牛津（Oxford）翻译成“敖斯佛”，剑桥（Cambridge）翻译成“堪比立”， 在现在看来最有趣的是把 哈佛大学（Harvard University）翻译成“哈吧书院” ，另外还有哥斯达黎加（Costa Rica）翻译成“考斯他立楷”。 从上至下：牛津大学、剑桥大学、哈佛大学 其他地名也是不胜枚举，请看下表： 【 其他外来名词 除了人名和地名之外，有一类抽象名词，从前并不存在于汉语中，是许多前辈译者翻译到中文里来的。比方说 逻辑学（logic）从前被严复翻译成“名学”，孙中山甚至把它翻译成“理则学” 复旦大学的创始人马相伯，作为有外语能力的神父，也翻译过不少名词。 Abstraction（抽象）被他翻译成“玄摛（chī）”，他还把philosophy（哲学）翻译成“致知”。 跟马相伯运用中文概念的方式不同， 严复可能是个音译狂魔，他把liberty（自由）翻译成“里勃尔特”，另一个“自由”，freedom，翻译成了“伏利当” 严复的音译还包括 英里（mile）“迷卢”，神经（nerve）“涅伏”，和斑马（zebra）“芝不拉” 从左至右：孙中山、严复、马相伯 看到这，你应该对而今我们熟悉的译名在此前有多少千奇百怪的译名变体有了大概了解。不过，译者们是怎么解决这种混乱的呢？ 之前提到的《教程》作者指出，应对音译外国专有名词，要秉承三个原则。 ❶ 要遵循专有名词所有者的发音 毫无疑问，音译专有名词需要遵循其原主人的正确发音。 法语名要根据法语发音来音译，德语名要根据德语发音来音译，等等。 中文音译里的“英格兰”“巴黎”“柏林”，以及“罗马”都是遵循了这一原则。 ❷ 要用汉字的普通话发音 汉字都是单音节的，只有一个音。要解决音译中的混乱问题，就要固定一些汉字来对应外来专有名词中的特定音节。 新华社完成了这一项工作，制定了一个外文名音译对应汉字列表。 ❸ 要采用已获得广泛认可和使用的译名 Bernard Shaw, Athens (/ˈæθənz/), Oxford, Cambridge 比方说 萧伯纳、雅典、牛津、剑桥 等等这类名字要么是汉字音不准确要么就是翻译上很怪诞。 但是因为这些名字已经很多人都有耳闻，它们已被广泛接受并已确立下来。 我们不会改变这些音译名亦或重译。要是这么做了，反倒可能给读者造成新的混乱。 现在，你应该知道怎么处理琳琅满目的外来专有名词了。 但是不管这些专有名词在现在看来多么搞笑和奇怪， 它们都是百年前的译者们打开窗，捧在手里传递下来的第一束光 unquestionable [ʌnˈkwestʃənəbl] adj. 无疑的；无可非议的；确实的 transliterate [trænsˈlɪtəreɪt] v. 音译 monosyllabic [ˌmɒnəsɪˈlæbɪk] a. 单音节的 remedy [ˈremədi] n. 疗法；解决办法 （来源：中国日报双语新闻微信 编辑：左卓、马文英、实习生卓青弘）

A screenshot from Apple's official website. [Photo/apple.com.cn] 新款iPhone刚刚发布就获得15万部的预定，尤其是iPhone12蓝色款，心水的人不要太多。 但万万没想到，苹果这回的“真香”定律居然翻车了！有收到实物的网友曝光，表示这颜色差了不是一星半点，一时间围观群众的吐槽络绎不绝，都把话题送上了热搜。 Chinese consumers who finally got their hands on the latest hot new Apple iPhone 12 have a fashion complaint saying the dowdy blue version is so ugly that it reminds them of the color of the ubiquitous garbage bins used for recycled waste. 中国消费者终于拿到了最新热销的iPhone12手机，他们吐槽这种俗气的蓝色版太难看了，让他们想起了随处可见的可回收垃圾桶的颜色。 Photos posted on social media show consumers' actual blue iPhone 12 compared to the blue phone shown in Apple's online advertising posters. They complain their phones' tint is far from the chic looking gray-blue teal seen on the official website. 社交媒体上的照片对比了苹果线上广告海报里的蓝色手机与消费者实际拿到的蓝色iPhone12。他们吐槽，手机的颜色与官方网站上看到的别致灰蓝色相去甚远。 Netizens mocked Apple's color choice saying their phones resemble the overused, overly deep navy blue of generic industrial products, such generic shower slippers or a bottle of blue ink or even an all-purpose dustpan. The color, they say, is uninspired and embarrassingly cheap looking and some are so disappointed and they want a refund. 网友们调侃苹果的配色选择跟一般的工业品最常用的深海军蓝有一拼，比如拖鞋，蓝墨水，甚至是一款多功能簸箕。他们表示，这颜色毫无创意，而且充满廉价感，有一些人甚至失望透顶想要退货。 网购翻车也不是一两回了，只是没想到苹果也会有今天……看看老外分享的这些年买家秀和卖家秀的对比，真是哭笑不得： My Friend Bought This Costume Online And I’ve Been Laughing All Day 这是我朋友在网上买的装扮，我笑了一天 Deadpool, is that you? This costume is sure to be a hit at any Halloween party, although maybe not for all the right reasons...This looks more like the dimwitted lovechild of deadpool and spiderman 嘿，死侍！是你吗！穿这个去万圣节聚会你一定是最耀眼的仔……就是好像哪里不对==这件衣服好像是死侍和蜘蛛侠蠢萌的爱情结晶…… Never Buy A Cat Tree From Amazon 永远不要在亚马逊上买猫爬架！ Although the structural integrity of the cat tree might be lacking, kitty seems to be enjoying it nonetheless! 虽然这个猫爬架的结构完整性好像哪里不对，但猫猫似乎玩的挺开心！ From A French Airbnb Alternative 在爱彼迎上订到的法国民宿 Like any business, people on Airbnb want to show what they have from its very best side, even if that means that the reality doesn't always match up to expectations...You gotta give them 5 stars for trying though! 和其他任何行业一样，爱彼迎上的人想要展现出他们房子最上镜的一面，即使实物配不上预期……你还是要给他们五星好评！ I Didn't Expect It To Look Like Pig Feet 没想到美人鱼尾变成了猪大腿！ Pigmaid? Merpig? It's not even the same material ffs.. 美人猪鱼？美人鱼猪？？这材料都不一样好吗？！！！ What You Order Vs What You Get 这就是买家秀和卖家秀的区别 What's 50 inches long, 35 inches high, and looks like a body bag? Your new $40 couch, that's what! 50英尺长，35英尺高，跟运尸袋长的差不多的沙发，40美元，真棒。 I Ordered These Boots On Sale From Aldo.Com For 50% Off. I Received One Shoe 在Aldo上订购的打折靴子，五折，然后我收到了……一只…… Pretty sure this woman is not Cinderella that would be comfortable walking around with just one shoe. Maybe that's why they were 50% off? 这位女士肯定不是灰姑娘吧，穿一只鞋也能健步如飞，也许这就是打五折的原因？ 作者：KoKo 来源：沪江英语微信公众号

A screenshot from Apple's official website. [Photo/apple.com.cn] Chinese consumers who finally got their hands on the latest hot new Apple iPhone 12 have a fashion complaint saying the dowdy blue version is so ugly that it reminds them of the color of the ubiquitous garbage bins used for recycled waste. Photos posted on social media show consumers' actual blue iPhone 12 compared to the blue phone shown in Apple's online advertising posters. They complain their phones' tint is far from the chic looking gray-blue teal seen on the official website. Netizens mocked Apple's color choice saying their phones resemble the overused, overly deep navy blue of generic industrial products, such generic shower slippers or a bottle of blue ink or even an all-purpose dustpan. The color, they say, is uninspired and embarrassingly cheap looking and some are so disappointed and they want a refund. My Friend Bought This Costume Online And I’ve Been Laughing All Day Deadpool, is that you? This costume is sure to be a hit at any Halloween party, although maybe not for all the right reasons...This looks more like the dimwitted lovechild of deadpool and spiderman Never Buy A Cat Tree From Amazon Although the structural integrity of the cat tree might be lacking, kitty seems to be enjoying it nonetheless! From A French Airbnb Alternative Like any business, people on Airbnb want to show what they have from its very best side, even if that means that the reality doesn't always match up to expectations...You gotta give them 5 stars for trying though! I Didn't Expect It To Look Like Pig Feet Pigmaid? Merpig? It's not even the same material ffs.. What You Order Vs What You Get What's 50 inches long, 35 inches high, and looks like a body bag? Your new $40 couch, that's what! I Ordered These Boots On Sale From Aldo.Com For 50% Off. I Received One Shoe Pretty sure this woman is not Cinderella that would be comfortable walking around with just one shoe. Maybe that's why they were 50% off?

新款iPhone刚刚发布就获得15万部的预定，尤其是iPhone12蓝色款，心水的人不要太多。 但万万没想到，苹果这回的“真香”定律居然翻车了！有收到实物的网友曝光，表示这颜色差了不是一星半点，一时间围观群众的吐槽络绎不绝，都把话题送上了热搜。 中国消费者终于拿到了最新热销的iPhone12手机，他们吐槽这种俗气的蓝色版太难看了，让他们想起了随处可见的可回收垃圾桶的颜色。 社交媒体上的照片对比了苹果线上广告海报里的蓝色手机与消费者实际拿到的蓝色iPhone12。他们吐槽，手机的颜色与官方网站上看到的别致灰蓝色相去甚远。 网友们调侃苹果的配色选择跟一般的工业品最常用的深海军蓝有一拼，比如拖鞋，蓝墨水，甚至是一款多功能簸箕。他们表示，这颜色毫无创意，而且充满廉价感，有一些人甚至失望透顶想要退货。 网购翻车也不是一两回了，只是没想到苹果也会有今天……看看老外分享的这些年买家秀和卖家秀的对比，真是哭笑不得： 这是我朋友在网上买的装扮，我笑了一天 嘿，死侍！是你吗！穿这个去万圣节聚会你一定是最耀眼的仔……就是好像哪里不对==这件衣服好像是死侍和蜘蛛侠蠢萌的爱情结晶…… 永远不要在亚马逊上买猫爬架！ 虽然这个猫爬架的结构完整性好像哪里不对，但猫猫似乎玩的挺开心！ 在爱彼迎上订到的法国民宿 和其他任何行业一样，爱彼迎上的人想要展现出他们房子最上镜的一面，即使实物配不上预期……你还是要给他们五星好评！ 没想到美人鱼尾变成了猪大腿！ 美人猪鱼？美人鱼猪？？这材料都不一样好吗？！！！ 这就是买家秀和卖家秀的区别 50英尺长，35英尺高，跟运尸袋长的差不多的沙发，40美元，真棒。 在Aldo上订购的打折靴子，五折，然后我收到了……一只…… 这位女士肯定不是灰姑娘吧，穿一只鞋也能健步如飞，也许这就是打五折的原因？ 作者：KoKo 来源：沪江英语微信公众号

美国疫情仍在恶化。美卫生专家称接下来数月美国的疫情将是“最灰暗的时期”，确诊病例仍在剧增。 A health worker takes a swab sample from a man to test for the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in the Borough Park area of Brooklyn, New York, US, September 25, 2020. [Photo/Agencies] Michael Osterholm, director of the Center of Infectious Disease Research and Policy at the University of Minnesota said at a press: “The next months will be the “darkest of the pandemic”. “Between now and the holidays, the US will see numbers “much, much larger than even the 67 to 75,000 cases.” 据报道，美国明尼苏达大学传染病研究与政策中心主任麦克·奥斯特霍尔姆在一场记者会上表示：“接下来数月美国将迎来‘疫情的至暗时刻’”。他表示：“往后美国的单日新增确诊病例将会远远高于6.7-7.5万例。” 美国约翰斯·霍普金斯新冠疫情统计数据显示，截至北京时间10月22日凌晨5点，美国新冠肺炎累计确诊病例超831万，累计死亡病例超22万。 据美国有线电视新闻网络（CNN）当地时间19日报道，全美27个州确诊病例数仍在激增。而各州的“疫苗计划”仍然因为缺乏资金而搁置不前。 States still have no idea how they're going to pay for coronavirus vaccine distribution, despite filing plans last week, state officials said Monday. 州政府官员19日表示，各州目前仍然不知要如何为他们的疫苗接种计划埋单，即便上周就已提交了计划。 [Photo/Agencies] Friday was the deadline for states to submit their plans to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, but they still don't have the needed federal money to help carry them out, officials said. 官员们表示，各州向美疾控中心递交疫苗计划已于16日结束，但目前，联邦政府的拨款仍未落实到位。 文章写道，疫苗计划所需资金的数量非常巨大，对于范围广、周期长的疫苗计划来说，目前的资金只是杯水车薪。 “As it stands now, we do not have any capability to fund the imminent implementation of the plan.”The CDC distributed $200 million to states for preparedness and planning, which "certainly would not be sufficient at all for a campaign of this magnitude and duration."James Blumenstock, senior vice president for pandemic response and recovery at the Association of State and Territorial Health Officials. 19日，美国国家和领土卫生办事处协会负责疾病应急和康复的高级副主席詹姆斯·布卢门斯托克称“目前对于资金支持一事，我们也无计可施。”美疾控中心已拨款2亿美金用于疫苗计划的前期准备以及实施，但“考虑到范围之广，周期之长，这些钱也只是杯水车薪。” 然而，资金问题也只是一方面，美国传染病专家安东尼·福奇就表示，现在，公众的疑虑是个大问题。 The funding for vaccines isn't the only problem. Health officials are also having to deal with a very skeptical public. Dr. Anthony Fauci, the director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, said Monday it may be a challenge to get people to take the vaccine. 资金支持并不是疫苗计划实施唯一的问题。卫生官员需要面对公众的疑虑。安东尼·福奇博士19日表示，说服美国民众去接种疫苗也会将非常具有挑战性。 "It would be a terrible shame if we have -- and I think we will have -- a safe and effective vaccine but we're not able to widely distribute it to those who need it," Fauci said in a virtual event for the National Academy of Medicine on Monday. 福奇19日在美国国家医学院的线上会议上表示，“如果我们有安全有效的疫苗，我想我们会有的，但却无法让所有需要的人广泛接种，那简直是奇耻大辱。” 美国疫情防治仍然面临重重困难。美国卫生专家预计，随着秋季的到来，新冠肺炎新增确诊病例将会开始激增。 同时，资金仍未落实到位，疫苗计划搁置不前，全民接种疫苗仍然是挑战。 编辑：李雪晴 实习生：郭安琪 参考来源：CNN 北京日报等

A health worker takes a swab sample from a man to test for the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in the Borough Park area of Brooklyn, New York, US, September 25, 2020. [Photo/Agencies] Michael Osterholm, director of the Center of Infectious Disease Research and Policy at the University of Minnesota said at a press: “The next months will be the “darkest of the pandemic”. “Between now and the holidays, the US will see numbers “much, much larger than even the 67 to 75,000 cases.” States still have no idea how they're going to pay for coronavirus vaccine distribution, despite filing plans last week, state officials said Monday. [Photo/Agencies] Friday was the deadline for states to submit their plans to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, but they still don't have the needed federal money to help carry them out, officials said. “As it stands now, we do not have any capability to fund the imminent implementation of the plan.”The CDC distributed $200 million to states for preparedness and planning, which "certainly would not be sufficient at all for a campaign of this magnitude and duration."James Blumenstock, senior vice president for pandemic response and recovery at the Association of State and Territorial Health Officials. The funding for vaccines isn't the only problem. Health officials are also having to deal with a very skeptical public. Dr. Anthony Fauci, the director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, said Monday it may be a challenge to get people to take the vaccine. "It would be a terrible shame if we have -- and I think we will have -- a safe and effective vaccine but we're not able to widely distribute it to those who need it," Fauci said in a virtual event for the National Academy of Medicine on Monday.

美国疫情仍在恶化。美卫生专家称接下来数月美国的疫情将是“最灰暗的时期”，确诊病例仍在剧增。 据报道，美国明尼苏达大学传染病研究与政策中心主任麦克·奥斯特霍尔姆在一场记者会上表示：“接下来数月美国将迎来‘疫情的至暗时刻’”。他表示：“往后美国的单日新增确诊病例将会远远高于6.7-7.5万例。” 美国约翰斯·霍普金斯新冠疫情统计数据显示，截至北京时间10月22日凌晨5点，美国新冠肺炎累计确诊病例超831万，累计死亡病例超22万。 据美国有线电视新闻网络（CNN）当地时间19日报道，全美27个州确诊病例数仍在激增。而各州的“疫苗计划”仍然因为缺乏资金而搁置不前。 州政府官员19日表示，各州目前仍然不知要如何为他们的疫苗接种计划埋单，即便上周就已提交了计划。 官员们表示，各州向美疾控中心递交疫苗计划已于16日结束，但目前，联邦政府的拨款仍未落实到位。 文章写道，疫苗计划所需资金的数量非常巨大，对于范围广、周期长的疫苗计划来说，目前的资金只是杯水车薪。 19日，美国国家和领土卫生办事处协会负责疾病应急和康复的高级副主席詹姆斯·布卢门斯托克称“目前对于资金支持一事，我们也无计可施。”美疾控中心已拨款2亿美金用于疫苗计划的前期准备以及实施，但“考虑到范围之广，周期之长，这些钱也只是杯水车薪。” 然而，资金问题也只是一方面，美国传染病专家安东尼·福奇就表示，现在，公众的疑虑是个大问题。 资金支持并不是疫苗计划实施唯一的问题。卫生官员需要面对公众的疑虑。安东尼·福奇博士19日表示，说服美国民众去接种疫苗也会将非常具有挑战性。 福奇19日在美国国家医学院的线上会议上表示，“如果我们有安全有效的疫苗，我想我们会有的，但却无法让所有需要的人广泛接种，那简直是奇耻大辱。” 美国疫情防治仍然面临重重困难。美国卫生专家预计，随着秋季的到来，新冠肺炎新增确诊病例将会开始激增。 同时，资金仍未落实到位，疫苗计划搁置不前，全民接种疫苗仍然是挑战。 编辑：李雪晴 实习生：郭安琪 参考来源：CNN 北京日报等

美国疾控中心日前修改了疫情防控指导意见中关于密切接触者的定义，将时间较短但反复接触的情况也包括在内。新的定义明确，只要在24小时内与新冠病毒感染者接触时间累计达15分钟，就会被认定为密切接触者。 People visit the Destiny USA mall during the reopening, as the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) restrictions are eased, in Syracuse, New York, US, July 10, 2020. REUTERS/Maranie Staab Federal health officials issued new guidance on Wednesday that greatly expands the pool of people considered at risk of contracting the novel coronavirus by changing the definition of who is a “close contact” of an infected individual. 美国联邦卫生官员本周三（10月21日）发布了新指导意见，该意见更改了新冠病毒感染者的“密切接触者”的定义，从而大大扩展了有感染新冠病毒风险的人群范围。 The change by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is likely to have its biggest impact in schools, workplaces and other group settings where people are in contact with others for long periods of time. It also underscores the importance of mask-wearing to prevent spread of the virus. 美国疾病控制与预防中心的这一改动可能对学校、办公场所和其他人与人长时间接触的聚集环境影响最大。该指导意见还强调了佩戴口罩以防止病毒传播的重要性。 The CDC had previously defined a “close contact” as someone who spent at least 15 consecutive minutes within six feet of a confirmed coronavirus case. The updated guidance, which health departments rely on to conduct contact tracing, now defines a close contact as someone who was within six feet of an infected individual for a total of 15 minutes or more over a 24-hour period, according to a CDC statement Wednesday. 美国疾控中心先前将“密切接触者”定义为在新冠肺炎确诊患者6英尺（1.8米）范围内持续停留至少15分钟的人。根据疾控中心周三发布的声明，新版指导意见现在将密切接触者定义为24小时内在感染者6英尺范围内停留时间总计达15分钟以上的人。该指导意见是美国卫生部门追踪密切接触者的依据。 The update comes as the United States is “unfortunately seeing a distressing trend, with cases increasing in nearly 75 percent of the country,” Jay Butler, the CDC’s deputy director for infectious diseases, said Wednesday at CDC headquarters in Atlanta, in the first news conference administration officials permitted in more than eight weeks. People may be tired of the advice, Butler said, but mask-wearing is more important than ever this fall and winter as Americans head indoors, where transmission risks are greater. 美国疾控中心负责传染病的副主任杰伊·巴特勒本周三在疾控中心位于亚特兰大的总部召开的新闻发布会上称，当前美国“不幸地呈现出一种令人不安的趋势，全国近75%的地区新冠确诊病例都在增加”。这是八周多以来政府官员许可召开的第一个新闻发布会。巴特勒说，人们也许听烦了这一建议，但是今年秋冬随着美国人待在室内时间变长，病毒传播风险变大，佩戴口罩比以往都更重要。 The guidance about transmission of the coronavirus, which causes covid-19, had been discussed by CDC scientists for several weeks, according to a CDC official who spoke on the condition of anonymity. Then came unsettling new evidence in a report published Wednesday. CDC and Vermont health officials discovered the virus was contracted by a 20-year-old prison employee who in an eight-hour shift had 22 interactions — for a total of over 17 minutes — with individuals who later tested positive for the virus. 疾控中心的一名官员匿名透露，关于新冠病毒传播的最新指导意见，疾控中心的科学家已经讨论了好几周。但是周三发布的一份报告提出了让人不安的新证据。疾控中心和佛蒙特州的卫生官员发现，一名20岁的监狱工作人员感染了新冠病毒，他在8个小时的值班过程中有过22次人员接触，总时长超过17分钟，和他接触过的人后来新冠病毒检测为阳性。 "This article adds to the scientific knowledge of the risk to contacts of those with covid-19 and highlights again the importance of wearing face masks to prevent transmission,” the CDC said. 疾控中心称：“这份报告增进了人们对于新冠病毒接触者风险的科学认识，再次凸显了佩戴口罩对于防止病毒传播的重要性。” A woman wearing a protective mask speaks on the phone in front of a closed down store, as the spread of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) continues, in London, Britain July 16, 2020. REUTERS/Hannah McKay As many as half of all people who have the virus don’t show symptoms, “so it’s critical to wear a mask because you could be carrying the virus and not know it,” the CDC said. “While a mask provides some limited protection to the wearer, each additional person who wears a mask increases the individual protection for everyone. When more people wear masks, more people are protected.” 疾控中心表示，多达一半的新冠病毒感染者没有症状，“因此佩戴口罩很关键，因为你可能携带病毒而不自知。尽管口罩对佩戴者的保护作用有限，但是每多一个人佩戴口罩，就对每个人多一份保护。如果更多人佩戴口罩，就有更多人受到保护。” Caitlin Rivers, an epidemiologist at the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security, called the updated guidance an important change. 约翰斯·霍普金斯大学健康安全中心的流行病学家凯特琳·里弗斯称，指导意见的这一更新是重要改变。 "It’s easy to accumulate 15 minutes in small increments when you spend all day together — a few minutes at the water cooler, a few minutes in the elevator, and so on,” Rivers said. “I expect this will result in many more people being identified as close contacts.” 里弗斯说：“当你一整天都和其他人在一起时，碎片化的接触时间很容易就能累积到15分钟，比如饮水机边的几分钟，电梯里的几分钟，等等。我认为这将导致更多人被认定为密切接触者。” She added: “This change underscores the importance of vigilant social distancing — even multiple brief interactions can pose a risk.” 她补充道：“这一改变强调了提高社交隔离警惕的重要性，因为即使是几次短暂的互动也会构成风险。” 英文来源：华盛顿邮报 翻译&编辑：丹妮

People visit the Destiny USA mall during the reopening, as the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) restrictions are eased, in Syracuse, New York, US, July 10, 2020. REUTERS/Maranie Staab Federal health officials issued new guidance on Wednesday that greatly expands the pool of people considered at risk of contracting the novel coronavirus by changing the definition of who is a “close contact” of an infected individual. The change by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is likely to have its biggest impact in schools, workplaces and other group settings where people are in contact with others for long periods of time. It also underscores the importance of mask-wearing to prevent spread of the virus. The CDC had previously defined a “close contact” as someone who spent at least 15 consecutive minutes within six feet of a confirmed coronavirus case. The updated guidance, which health departments rely on to conduct contact tracing, now defines a close contact as someone who was within six feet of an infected individual for a total of 15 minutes or more over a 24-hour period, according to a CDC statement Wednesday. The update comes as the United States is “unfortunately seeing a distressing trend, with cases increasing in nearly 75 percent of the country,” Jay Butler, the CDC’s deputy director for infectious diseases, said Wednesday at CDC headquarters in Atlanta, in the first news conference administration officials permitted in more than eight weeks. People may be tired of the advice, Butler said, but mask-wearing is more important than ever this fall and winter as Americans head indoors, where transmission risks are greater. The guidance about transmission of the coronavirus, which causes covid-19, had been discussed by CDC scientists for several weeks, according to a CDC official who spoke on the condition of anonymity. Then came unsettling new evidence in a report published Wednesday. CDC and Vermont health officials discovered the virus was contracted by a 20-year-old prison employee who in an eight-hour shift had 22 interactions — for a total of over 17 minutes — with individuals who later tested positive for the virus. "This article adds to the scientific knowledge of the risk to contacts of those with covid-19 and highlights again the importance of wearing face masks to prevent transmission,” the CDC said. A woman wearing a protective mask speaks on the phone in front of a closed down store, as the spread of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) continues, in London, Britain July 16, 2020. REUTERS/Hannah McKay As many as half of all people who have the virus don’t show symptoms, “so it’s critical to wear a mask because you could be carrying the virus and not know it,” the CDC said. “While a mask provides some limited protection to the wearer, each additional person who wears a mask increases the individual protection for everyone. When more people wear masks, more people are protected.” Caitlin Rivers, an epidemiologist at the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security, called the updated guidance an important change. "It’s easy to accumulate 15 minutes in small increments when you spend all day together — a few minutes at the water cooler, a few minutes in the elevator, and so on,” Rivers said. “I expect this will result in many more people being identified as close contacts.” She added: “This change underscores the importance of vigilant social distancing — even multiple brief interactions can pose a risk.”

美国疾控中心日前修改了疫情防控指导意见中关于密切接触者的定义，将时间较短但反复接触的情况也包括在内。新的定义明确，只要在24小时内与新冠病毒感染者接触时间累计达15分钟，就会被认定为密切接触者。 美国联邦卫生官员本周三（10月21日）发布了新指导意见，该意见更改了新冠病毒感染者的“密切接触者”的定义，从而大大扩展了有感染新冠病毒风险的人群范围。 美国疾病控制与预防中心的这一改动可能对学校、办公场所和其他人与人长时间接触的聚集环境影响最大。该指导意见还强调了佩戴口罩以防止病毒传播的重要性。 美国疾控中心先前将“密切接触者”定义为在新冠肺炎确诊患者6英尺（1.8米）范围内持续停留至少15分钟的人。根据疾控中心周三发布的声明，新版指导意见现在将密切接触者定义为24小时内在感染者6英尺范围内停留时间总计达15分钟以上的人。该指导意见是美国卫生部门追踪密切接触者的依据。 美国疾控中心负责传染病的副主任杰伊·巴特勒本周三在疾控中心位于亚特兰大的总部召开的新闻发布会上称，当前美国“不幸地呈现出一种令人不安的趋势，全国近75%的地区新冠确诊病例都在增加”。这是八周多以来政府官员许可召开的第一个新闻发布会。巴特勒说，人们也许听烦了这一建议，但是今年秋冬随着美国人待在室内时间变长，病毒传播风险变大，佩戴口罩比以往都更重要。 疾控中心的一名官员匿名透露，关于新冠病毒传播的最新指导意见，疾控中心的科学家已经讨论了好几周。但是周三发布的一份报告提出了让人不安的新证据。疾控中心和佛蒙特州的卫生官员发现，一名20岁的监狱工作人员感染了新冠病毒，他在8个小时的值班过程中有过22次人员接触，总时长超过17分钟，和他接触过的人后来新冠病毒检测为阳性。 疾控中心称：“这份报告增进了人们对于新冠病毒接触者风险的科学认识，再次凸显了佩戴口罩对于防止病毒传播的重要性。” 疾控中心表示，多达一半的新冠病毒感染者没有症状，“因此佩戴口罩很关键，因为你可能携带病毒而不自知。尽管口罩对佩戴者的保护作用有限，但是每多一个人佩戴口罩，就对每个人多一份保护。如果更多人佩戴口罩，就有更多人受到保护。” 约翰斯·霍普金斯大学健康安全中心的流行病学家凯特琳·里弗斯称，指导意见的这一更新是重要改变。 里弗斯说：“当你一整天都和其他人在一起时，碎片化的接触时间很容易就能累积到15分钟，比如饮水机边的几分钟，电梯里的几分钟，等等。我认为这将导致更多人被认定为密切接触者。” 她补充道：“这一改变强调了提高社交隔离警惕的重要性，因为即使是几次短暂的互动也会构成风险。” 英文来源：华盛顿邮报 翻译&编辑：丹妮

China Daily 疫苗是人类医学史上最伟大的医学成就之一，是医学发展的里程碑。疫苗不仅挽救了数以亿计的生命，更重要的是，它还开启了对抗疾病的新思路——预防。在疫苗出现之前，其他药物和手术都是直接用于治病的，而疫苗开启了预防疾病的新纪元。那么人类是如何知道接种疫苗的？ Back in the late 1700s, long before people understood the reason behind immunity, farmers and doctors in rural areas of Britain noticed that dairymaids and other people who got a mild disease called cowpox seldom caught its fearsome cousin, smallpox. Was there a connection? 18世纪末，早在人们理解免疫的原理之前，英国乡村地区的农民和医生就注意到，挤牛奶的女工和其他患过一种叫牛痘的轻微病症的人很少感染牛痘可怕的表亲——天花。这之间有什么联系吗？ Some decided there was and inserted material from the cowpox into an incision they cut on the arm of healthy people, thus somehow protecting them from smallpox. In 1798, a doctor named Edward Jenner published the results of his experiments using this procedure, earning himself fame as the “Father of Smallpox Vaccination.” (In truth, we now know that for hundreds and perhaps thousands of years, Chinese healers had been inducing immunity by pushing smallpox scabs into a person’s nose. Some experts now believe that these protective practices—inhaling smallpox virus or pricking the skin—began in Central Asia in the 10th or 11th century.) 有些人认为有联系，并在健康人的手臂上割开一个小口，植入含有牛痘的物质，以此保护他们免于感染天花。1798年，一位名叫爱德华·詹纳的医生公布了他使用这种方法的实验结果，为自己赢得了“天花疫苗之父”的声誉。（事实上，我们现在知道，中国医士曾通过将天花结痂塞到人的鼻子里来促发免疫力，这种做法持续了数百甚或数千年。如今，一些专家认为，吸入天花病毒或刺破皮肤等防护措施始于10世纪或11世纪的中亚。） Note: incision（手术）切口。 Scientists later figured out why Jenner was right that cowpox somehow protected one from smallpox. You see, when people caught cowpox, their bodies made special cells called antibodies. They fought the disease. That’s not all. They lingered in the blood in case the disease ever returned. Because cowpox and smallpox are fairly similar, if a person was later exposed to the more serious disease, anti-bodies were ready to fight it too. 科学家后来发现了詹纳提出的“牛痘以某种方式保护人们免于感染天花”这一说法的正确性，其原理是：当人们感染了牛痘，身体就会产生一种叫做抗体的特殊细胞，它们与疾病作斗争，不仅如此，还存续在血液中，以防疾病复发；因为牛痘和天花比较相近，如果一个人后来接触到更严重的天花，抗体也做好了与之抗争的准备。 That knowledge helped scientists develop vaccines. The term vaccination was coined from the Latin for cow (vacca). They contain small doses of weakened, dead or modified viruses. Injected into the blood, they trick the immune system into making antibodies. If the body ever encounters those same viruses, even at full strength, the antibodies make short work of them. 这种认识有助于科学家研发疫苗。vaccination（疫苗接种）一词是根据拉丁语 vacca（母牛）创造的。疫苗含有少量致弱、灭活或改良的病毒。它们被注射到血液中，诱使免疫系统产生抗体。如果人体再遇到同样的病毒，即使病毒活性十足，抗体也会迅速将其消灭。 Note: coin 设计（新单词或短语）。 at full strength 全力以赴。此处引申为“（病毒）活性十足”。 make short work of 很快完成（某事）。 The injected polio vaccine, for example, is a killed, intact virus; the oral vaccine is a live, weakened virus. Vaccines for measles, mumps, chickenpox (Varicella), and rubella (German Mea-sles) are live, weakened viruses. 例如，注射的脊髓灰质炎疫苗是一种灭活的完整病毒；口服疫苗是一种致弱活病毒。麻疹、流行性腮腺炎、水痘和风疹（又称德国麻疹）的疫苗都是致弱活病毒。 Vaccination prior to exposure to the virus is ideal. But a vaccination given within three days of exposure will completely prevent or significantly modify smallpox in the majority of people and given within the first four to seven days will likely offer some protection or alter the severity of the disease. 理想的情况是在接触病毒之前接种疫苗。但对大多数人来说，接触后三天内接种疫苗仍将完全预防感染天花或显著改善感染状况；最初的四到七天内接种疫苗可能会起到一定的保护作用，或减轻发病的严重程度。 来源：英语世界微信公众号（theworldofenglish）

China Daily Back in the late 1700s, long before people understood the reason behind immunity, farmers and doctors in rural areas of Britain noticed that dairymaids and other people who got a mild disease called cowpox seldom caught its fearsome cousin, smallpox. Was there a connection? Some decided there was and inserted material from the cowpox into an incision they cut on the arm of healthy people, thus somehow protecting them from smallpox. In 1798, a doctor named Edward Jenner published the results of his experiments using this procedure, earning himself fame as the “Father of Smallpox Vaccination.” (In truth, we now know that for hundreds and perhaps thousands of years, Chinese healers had been inducing immunity by pushing smallpox scabs into a person’s nose. Some experts now believe that these protective practices—inhaling smallpox virus or pricking the skin—began in Central Asia in the 10th or 11th century.) Note: Scientists later figured out why Jenner was right that cowpox somehow protected one from smallpox. You see, when people caught cowpox, their bodies made special cells called antibodies. They fought the disease. That’s not all. They lingered in the blood in case the disease ever returned. Because cowpox and smallpox are fairly similar, if a person was later exposed to the more serious disease, anti-bodies were ready to fight it too. That knowledge helped scientists develop vaccines. The term vaccination was coined from the Latin for cow (vacca). They contain small doses of weakened, dead or modified viruses. Injected into the blood, they trick the immune system into making antibodies. If the body ever encounters those same viruses, even at full strength, the antibodies make short work of them. Note: The injected polio vaccine, for example, is a killed, intact virus; the oral vaccine is a live, weakened virus. Vaccines for measles, mumps, chickenpox (Varicella), and rubella (German Mea-sles) are live, weakened viruses. Vaccination prior to exposure to the virus is ideal. But a vaccination given within three days of exposure will completely prevent or significantly modify smallpox in the majority of people and given within the first four to seven days will likely offer some protection or alter the severity of the disease.

疫苗是人类医学史上最伟大的医学成就之一，是医学发展的里程碑。疫苗不仅挽救了数以亿计的生命，更重要的是，它还开启了对抗疾病的新思路——预防。在疫苗出现之前，其他药物和手术都是直接用于治病的，而疫苗开启了预防疾病的新纪元。那么人类是如何知道接种疫苗的？ 18世纪末，早在人们理解免疫的原理之前，英国乡村地区的农民和医生就注意到，挤牛奶的女工和其他患过一种叫牛痘的轻微病症的人很少感染牛痘可怕的表亲——天花。这之间有什么联系吗？ 有些人认为有联系，并在健康人的手臂上割开一个小口，植入含有牛痘的物质，以此保护他们免于感染天花。1798年，一位名叫爱德华·詹纳的医生公布了他使用这种方法的实验结果，为自己赢得了“天花疫苗之父”的声誉。（事实上，我们现在知道，中国医士曾通过将天花结痂塞到人的鼻子里来促发免疫力，这种做法持续了数百甚或数千年。如今，一些专家认为，吸入天花病毒或刺破皮肤等防护措施始于10世纪或11世纪的中亚。） incision（手术）切口。 科学家后来发现了詹纳提出的“牛痘以某种方式保护人们免于感染天花”这一说法的正确性，其原理是：当人们感染了牛痘，身体就会产生一种叫做抗体的特殊细胞，它们与疾病作斗争，不仅如此，还存续在血液中，以防疾病复发；因为牛痘和天花比较相近，如果一个人后来接触到更严重的天花，抗体也做好了与之抗争的准备。 这种认识有助于科学家研发疫苗。vaccination（疫苗接种）一词是根据拉丁语 vacca（母牛）创造的。疫苗含有少量致弱、灭活或改良的病毒。它们被注射到血液中，诱使免疫系统产生抗体。如果人体再遇到同样的病毒，即使病毒活性十足，抗体也会迅速将其消灭。 coin 设计（新单词或短语）。 at full strength 全力以赴。此处引申为“（病毒）活性十足”。 make short work of 很快完成（某事）。 例如，注射的脊髓灰质炎疫苗是一种灭活的完整病毒；口服疫苗是一种致弱活病毒。麻疹、流行性腮腺炎、水痘和风疹（又称德国麻疹）的疫苗都是致弱活病毒。 理想的情况是在接触病毒之前接种疫苗。但对大多数人来说，接触后三天内接种疫苗仍将完全预防感染天花或显著改善感染状况；最初的四到七天内接种疫苗可能会起到一定的保护作用，或减轻发病的严重程度。 来源：英语世界微信公众号（theworldofenglish）

也许经历了这次疫情，你还能保得住饭碗，但不知道你能否经得住自动化浪潮的考验？世界经济论坛预测，到2025年，半数工作将由机器处理，人类的许多工作岗位会消失，但也会产生很多新的工作岗位。 Photo by Arseny Togulev on Unsplash Half of all work tasks will be handled by machines by 2025 in a shift likely to worsen inequality, a World Economic Forum report has forecast. 世界经济论坛的一份报告预测，到2025年，半数工作任务将由机器处理，这一转变可能会加剧不平等。 The think tank said a "robot revolution" would create 97 million jobs worldwide but destroy almost as many, leaving some communities at risk. 世界经济论坛称，“机器人革命”会在全球创造9700万个工作岗位，但也会导致同样多的工作岗位消失，这将使一部分人群面临风险。 Routine or manual jobs in administration and data processing were most at threat of automation, WEF said. 世界经济论坛指出，行政管理和数据处理方面的常规或体力工作受自动化的威胁最大。 But it said new jobs would emerge in care, big data and the green economy. 不过，护理、大数据和绿色经济领域将出现新的就业岗位。 The Forum's research spanned 300 of the world's biggest companies, who between them employ eight million people around the world. 世界经济论坛的研究涵盖了世界最大的300家公司，这些公司雇佣了世界各地约800万人。 More than 50% of employers surveyed said they expected to speed up the automation of some roles in their companies, while 43% felt they were likely to cut jobs due to technology. 超50%的受访公司老板表示，他们希望加速公司部分岗位的自动化，而43%的老板认为可能会因为技术发展进行裁员。 WEF said the pandemic had sped up the adoption of new technologies as firms looked to cut costs and adopt new ways of working. But it warned workers now faced a double threat from "accelerating automation and the fallout from the Covid-19 recession". 世界经济论坛称，新冠大流行病加速了新技术的采用，因为公司期望降低成本并采用新工作方式。但是论坛警告称，员工现在面临着来自“自动化加速和疫情导致的经济衰退”双重威胁。 fallout[ˈfɔːlaʊt]:（不良）后果，副作用，余波 Photo by Lenin Estrada on Unsplash "[These things have] deepened existing inequalities across labour markets and reversed gains in employment made since the global financial crisis in 2007-2008," said Saadia Zahidi, managing director at WEF. 世界经济论坛常务董事萨迪亚·扎西迪称：“这些因素深化了各劳动力市场存在的不平等，逆转了2007-2008全球金融危机以来有所改善的就业局面。” "It's a double disruption scenario that presents another hurdle for workers in this difficult time. The window of opportunity for proactive management of this change is closing fast." “在这个艰难时刻，这种双重破坏给员工设置了又一道障碍。针对这个变化进行前瞻性调整的机会窗口期正在快速关闭。” WEF said currently around a third of all work tasks were handled by machines, with humans doing the rest, but by 2025 the balance would shift. 世界经济论坛表示，目前约三分之一的工作任务由机器处理，人类做其余的工作，但是到2025年二者位置将会颠倒。 Roles that relied on human skills such as advising, decision-making, reasoning, communicating and interacting would rise in demand. There would also be a "surge" in demand for workers to fill green economy jobs, and new roles in areas like engineering and cloud computing. 顾问、决策、推理、交流和互动等依靠人类技能的工作岗位需求量将会增加。绿色经济领域的工作岗位以及工程和云计算等领域的工作岗位需求量也会“暴增”。 But it said millions of routine or manual jobs would be displaced by technology, affecting the lowest paid, lowest skilled workers the most. 但是世界经济论坛表示，数百万常规或体力工作岗位会随着技术发展被替代，其中收入最低、技能含量最低的工人受影响最大。 It said millions would need to be re-skilled to cope with the change, while governments would have to provide "stronger safety nets" for displaced workers. 世界经济论坛称，数百万人需要重新接受技能培训来应对改变，而政府则必须为下岗员工提供“更强大的安全网”。 英文来源：BBC 翻译&编辑：丹妮

Photo by Arseny Togulev on Unsplash Half of all work tasks will be handled by machines by 2025 in a shift likely to worsen inequality, a World Economic Forum report has forecast. The think tank said a "robot revolution" would create 97 million jobs worldwide but destroy almost as many, leaving some communities at risk. Routine or manual jobs in administration and data processing were most at threat of automation, WEF said. But it said new jobs would emerge in care, big data and the green economy. The Forum's research spanned 300 of the world's biggest companies, who between them employ eight million people around the world. More than 50% of employers surveyed said they expected to speed up the automation of some roles in their companies, while 43% felt they were likely to cut jobs due to technology. WEF said the pandemic had sped up the adoption of new technologies as firms looked to cut costs and adopt new ways of working. But it warned workers now faced a double threat from "accelerating automation and the fallout from the Covid-19 recession". Photo by Lenin Estrada on Unsplash "[These things have] deepened existing inequalities across labour markets and reversed gains in employment made since the global financial crisis in 2007-2008," said Saadia Zahidi, managing director at WEF. "It's a double disruption scenario that presents another hurdle for workers in this difficult time. The window of opportunity for proactive management of this change is closing fast." WEF said currently around a third of all work tasks were handled by machines, with humans doing the rest, but by 2025 the balance would shift. Roles that relied on human skills such as advising, decision-making, reasoning, communicating and interacting would rise in demand. There would also be a "surge" in demand for workers to fill green economy jobs, and new roles in areas like engineering and cloud computing. But it said millions of routine or manual jobs would be displaced by technology, affecting the lowest paid, lowest skilled workers the most. It said millions would need to be re-skilled to cope with the change, while governments would have to provide "stronger safety nets" for displaced workers.

也许经历了这次疫情，你还能保得住饭碗，但不知道你能否经得住自动化浪潮的考验？世界经济论坛预测，到2025年，半数工作将由机器处理，人类的许多工作岗位会消失，但也会产生很多新的工作岗位。 世界经济论坛的一份报告预测，到2025年，半数工作任务将由机器处理，这一转变可能会加剧不平等。 世界经济论坛称，“机器人革命”会在全球创造9700万个工作岗位，但也会导致同样多的工作岗位消失，这将使一部分人群面临风险。 世界经济论坛指出，行政管理和数据处理方面的常规或体力工作受自动化的威胁最大。 不过，护理、大数据和绿色经济领域将出现新的就业岗位。 世界经济论坛的研究涵盖了世界最大的300家公司，这些公司雇佣了世界各地约800万人。 超50%的受访公司老板表示，他们希望加速公司部分岗位的自动化，而43%的老板认为可能会因为技术发展进行裁员。 世界经济论坛称，新冠大流行病加速了新技术的采用，因为公司期望降低成本并采用新工作方式。但是论坛警告称，员工现在面临着来自“自动化加速和疫情导致的经济衰退”双重威胁。 fallout[ˈfɔːlaʊt]:（不良）后果，副作用，余波 世界经济论坛常务董事萨迪亚·扎西迪称：“这些因素深化了各劳动力市场存在的不平等，逆转了2007-2008全球金融危机以来有所改善的就业局面。” “在这个艰难时刻，这种双重破坏给员工设置了又一道障碍。针对这个变化进行前瞻性调整的机会窗口期正在快速关闭。” 世界经济论坛表示，目前约三分之一的工作任务由机器处理，人类做其余的工作，但是到2025年二者位置将会颠倒。 顾问、决策、推理、交流和互动等依靠人类技能的工作岗位需求量将会增加。绿色经济领域的工作岗位以及工程和云计算等领域的工作岗位需求量也会“暴增”。 但是世界经济论坛表示，数百万常规或体力工作岗位会随着技术发展被替代，其中收入最低、技能含量最低的工人受影响最大。 世界经济论坛称，数百万人需要重新接受技能培训来应对改变，而政府则必须为下岗员工提供“更强大的安全网”。 英文来源：BBC 翻译&编辑：丹妮

近日，中国经济“最新成绩单”公布，疫情大考下，今年中国前三季度经济增长由负转正。这一新闻刷屏了西方各大主流媒体。 CNN：中国经济让全世界都眼红 美国有线电视新闻网（CNN）以 “中国经济让全世界都眼红”（China's economy is the envy of the world） 为题报道了这一新闻。 CNN报道称，19日上午，中国国家统计局公布了三季度经济数据，多个指标由负转正，中国经济第三季度增长4.9%。这表明，中国经济正延续稳定恢复态势。这一数据向世界其他国家展示了新冠肺炎被成功控制后可以达到的目标。 China's economy expanded by 4.9% in the third quarter compared to the previous year, according to government data published Monday, showing the rest of the world what's possible when COVID-19 is brought under control. 此前经济学家曾预计中国第三季度增速能达到5.2%，CNN称，虽然实际增速低于这一数据，但考虑到当前形势，中国经济的表现仍然很了不起： Growth of less than 5% would normally be a cause for real concern in China, which is accustomed to much quicker expansion. But it's pretty good considering the circumstances, and even more remarkable when compared to the extremely fragile recoveries underway in most other big economies. 低于5%的增长率通常在中国会引发担忧，因为中国已经习惯了更快的增长。但考虑到当前的形势，（中国的经济数据）已经相当不错了。要知道世界大多数其他大型经济体的复苏都还任重而道远，与之相比，中国的表现就更了不起了。 中国经济为世界带来希望 《纽约时报》：疫情得到有效控制，中国三季度经济快速反弹 《纽约时报》也报道称，当世界大部分地区仍在艰难应对新冠疫情之时，中国再次向世界表明，只要病毒能得到有效控制，经济就有可能快速反弹。 As most of the world still struggles with the coronavirus pandemic, China is showing once again that a fast economic rebound is possible when the virus is brought firmly under control. 彭博社引用野村证券全球宏观研究主管苏博文的话说，中国经济的转正对世界其他国家来说是一份鼓舞和希望。 [Photo/Xinhua] “It’s an encouraging and hopeful message for the rest of the world,” said Rob Subbaraman, global head of macro research at Nomura Holdings Inc. in Singapore. “If you successfully handle the health crisis, your economy can recover.” 新加坡野村证券全球宏观研究主管苏博文说，“这对世界其他国家来说是一份鼓舞和希望，如果你能成功处理卫生危机，你的经济就能复苏。” CNN：回看当时对中国的指责，再看看现在的美国 CNN回顾称，最初，北京应对新冠病毒的方式还受到了一些西方政客的批评。但正是中国严格的防疫封锁和检测措施助其控制住了新冠病毒疫情；此外，中国还拨款数千亿美元用于大型基础设施项目，以推动经济增长；央行也恪尽职守。（The country also set aside hundreds of billions of dollars for major infrastructure projects to fuel economic growth. The central bank has done its part, too.） 反观其它国家，CNN称，欧美国家现在正面临另一波新冠病例激增的形势。 文章特别举例美国，痛心地写道：“几乎每个州都在朝着错误的方向前进。”“平均每天有超过55000例新增感染病例——这一数字自9月中旬下降以来上涨了60%以上。” Europe and the United States are now facing another surge of coronavirus cases...The United States is averaging more than 55,000 new cases a day — up more than 60% since a mid-September dip, and pretty much every state is trending the wrong direction. CNN预测说，美国短期内可能不会进入封锁状态，但在病例数大幅减少之前，其经济将一直处于瘫痪状态。 The United States is probably not headed for a national lockdown anytime soon, but its economy will remain hamstrung until there's a dramatic reduction in the number of coronavirus cases. IMF：中国将是今年唯一正增长的国家 10月13日，国际货币基金组织（IMF）公布最新一期“世界经济展望”，预测今年世界经济将萎缩4.4%。 “世界经济展望”中提到，中国将是世界主要经济体中唯一保持正增长的国家，预计今年增长为1.9%，明年将达到8.2%。 《纽约时报》介绍称，“未来几个月，中国的领先优势可能进一步扩大。中国现在几乎没有本地新增病例，而美国和欧洲则面临着另一波加速的疫情。” China's lead could widen further in the months to come. It has almost no local transmission of the virus now, while the United States and Europe face another accelerating wave of cases. 彭博社在评论文章中强调了中国经济复苏的全球贡献。文章称，中国经济归来，世界松了一口气。如果没有中国经济这次反弹，刚刚开始的全球复苏将变得更加脆弱。 China's economy is back-ish and the world can exhale. Without this rebound, the nascent global recovery would be on even thinner ice. 编辑：王瑜 左卓 来源：中国日报新媒体

China's economy expanded by 4.9% in the third quarter compared to the previous year, according to government data published Monday, showing the rest of the world what's possible when COVID-19 is brought under control. Growth of less than 5% would normally be a cause for real concern in China, which is accustomed to much quicker expansion. But it's pretty good considering the circumstances, and even more remarkable when compared to the extremely fragile recoveries underway in most other big economies. As most of the world still struggles with the coronavirus pandemic, China is showing once again that a fast economic rebound is possible when the virus is brought firmly under control. [Photo/Xinhua] “It’s an encouraging and hopeful message for the rest of the world,” said Rob Subbaraman, global head of macro research at Nomura Holdings Inc. in Singapore. “If you successfully handle the health crisis, your economy can recover.” Europe and the United States are now facing another surge of coronavirus cases...The United States is averaging more than 55,000 new cases a day — up more than 60% since a mid-September dip, and pretty much every state is trending the wrong direction. The United States is probably not headed for a national lockdown anytime soon, but its economy will remain hamstrung until there's a dramatic reduction in the number of coronavirus cases. China's lead could widen further in the months to come. It has almost no local transmission of the virus now, while the United States and Europe face another accelerating wave of cases. China's economy is back-ish and the world can exhale. Without this rebound, the nascent global recovery would be on even thinner ice.

近日，中国经济“最新成绩单”公布，疫情大考下，今年中国前三季度经济增长由负转正。这一新闻刷屏了西方各大主流媒体。 CNN：中国经济让全世界都眼红 美国有线电视新闻网（CNN）以 “中国经济让全世界都眼红”（China's economy is the envy of the world） 为题报道了这一新闻。 CNN报道称，19日上午，中国国家统计局公布了三季度经济数据，多个指标由负转正，中国经济第三季度增长4.9%。这表明，中国经济正延续稳定恢复态势。这一数据向世界其他国家展示了新冠肺炎被成功控制后可以达到的目标。 此前经济学家曾预计中国第三季度增速能达到5.2%，CNN称，虽然实际增速低于这一数据，但考虑到当前形势，中国经济的表现仍然很了不起： 低于5%的增长率通常在中国会引发担忧，因为中国已经习惯了更快的增长。但考虑到当前的形势，（中国的经济数据）已经相当不错了。要知道世界大多数其他大型经济体的复苏都还任重而道远，与之相比，中国的表现就更了不起了。 中国经济为世界带来希望 《纽约时报》：疫情得到有效控制，中国三季度经济快速反弹 《纽约时报》也报道称，当世界大部分地区仍在艰难应对新冠疫情之时，中国再次向世界表明，只要病毒能得到有效控制，经济就有可能快速反弹。 彭博社引用野村证券全球宏观研究主管苏博文的话说，中国经济的转正对世界其他国家来说是一份鼓舞和希望。 新加坡野村证券全球宏观研究主管苏博文说，“这对世界其他国家来说是一份鼓舞和希望，如果你能成功处理卫生危机，你的经济就能复苏。” CNN：回看当时对中国的指责，再看看现在的美国 CNN回顾称，最初，北京应对新冠病毒的方式还受到了一些西方政客的批评。但正是中国严格的防疫封锁和检测措施助其控制住了新冠病毒疫情；此外，中国还拨款数千亿美元用于大型基础设施项目，以推动经济增长；央行也恪尽职守。（The country also set aside hundreds of billions of dollars for major infrastructure projects to fuel economic growth. The central bank has done its part, too.） 反观其它国家，CNN称，欧美国家现在正面临另一波新冠病例激增的形势。 文章特别举例美国，痛心地写道：“几乎每个州都在朝着错误的方向前进。”“平均每天有超过55000例新增感染病例——这一数字自9月中旬下降以来上涨了60%以上。” CNN预测说，美国短期内可能不会进入封锁状态，但在病例数大幅减少之前，其经济将一直处于瘫痪状态。 IMF：中国将是今年唯一正增长的国家 10月13日，国际货币基金组织（IMF）公布最新一期“世界经济展望”，预测今年世界经济将萎缩4.4%。 “世界经济展望”中提到，中国将是世界主要经济体中唯一保持正增长的国家，预计今年增长为1.9%，明年将达到8.2%。 《纽约时报》介绍称，“未来几个月，中国的领先优势可能进一步扩大。中国现在几乎没有本地新增病例，而美国和欧洲则面临着另一波加速的疫情。” 彭博社在评论文章中强调了中国经济复苏的全球贡献。文章称，中国经济归来，世界松了一口气。如果没有中国经济这次反弹，刚刚开始的全球复苏将变得更加脆弱。 编辑：王瑜 左卓 来源：中国日报新媒体

10月19日，全球累计新冠确诊病例超4000万例。欧洲疫情近期快速反弹，新冠病例增速已超过美国。面对来势凶猛的第二波疫情，欧洲各国纷纷加强了限制措施，重新进入疫情最高警戒状态。 Empty streets are seen in Montmartre during the late-night curfew due to restrictions against the spread of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Paris, France, October 17, 2020. REUTERS/Charles Platiau Governments across Europe have introduced more restrictions to combat the spread of COVID-19, with a combination of nationwide and specific regional measures and curfews imposed as the continent faces its "second wave." 面对“第二波疫情”的来袭，欧洲各国政府采取了包括宵禁在内的面向全国和特定地区的更多限制措施以阻止新冠病毒的传播。 The number of globally recorded coronavirus cases passed 40 million on Monday, according to Johns Hopkins University, and while more than half of those cases come from the US, India and Brazil, an increasing proportion of new daily recorded cases are emerging from Europe. 根据约翰斯·霍普金斯大学的统计，本周一（10月19日）全球累计新冠确诊病例超4000万例。尽管超半数病例来自美国、印度和巴西，欧洲的单日新增确诊病例数所占比例也在扩大。 In total, over 7 million cases have been recorded in Europe since the start of the pandemic, according to the European Center for Disease Control, with 241,291 deaths. 根据欧洲疾控中心的数据，自从疫情暴发以来，欧洲累计新冠确诊病例超700万例，死亡病例达24万1291例。 After new restrictions were imposed in several countries earlier this month, Switzerland has followed Italy in imposing a nationwide mask mandate in all public spaces from Monday. 本月早些时候欧洲几个国家实行了新的限制措施，继意大利之后，瑞士也于本周一开始强制要求全民在所有公共场所佩戴口罩。 While not as restrictive as previous measures imposed when Italy faced a severe COVID surge earlier in the pandemic, local mayors have been given the power to close piazzas and streets from 9 pm and bars and restaurants must shut by midnight. 尽管意大利目前的限制措施不如早期疫情最严重的时候那么严格，但是各地市长有权在晚上9点后封锁露天市场和街道，酒吧和餐厅也必须在午夜前关门。 piazza [piˈɑːzə]: n. 露天市场，广场；走廊 Empty tables are seen outside a restaurant in Rome as the country tightens regulations in an effort to control rising COVID-19 infections, Rome, Italy, October 14, 2020. REUTERS/Remo Casilli Ireland’s government has announced that, starting Wednesday, it is returning the country to a full-scale lockdown for six weeks, reinstating restrictions close to those that were in place in the spring at the height of the first wave of the pandemic. 爱尔兰政府宣布，从本周三（10月21日）起，将对国家实施长达六周的全面封锁，并恢复春季第一波疫情高峰时采取的限制措施。 The new lockdown will raise restrictions from Level 3 to Level 5, banning all house visits, closing all but essential retail stores, and requiring people to stay within a 5-kilometer radius of their homes. 新的限制措施将把封锁级别从3级升至5级，禁止一切上门拜访、关闭必需品零售店以外的所有商店，要求人们在以家为中心5公里的半径内活动。 In the UK, the four nations of Scotland, England, Wales and Northern Ireland retain the power to set their own "lockdown" measures. In England a three-tier system remains in place, with varying restrictions imposed depending on whether an area is on "medium," "high" or "very high" alert. 在英国，苏格兰、英格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰保留自定封锁措施的权力。英格兰目前实行的是三级封锁限制措施，根据一个地区疫情的中、高或极高风险警报采取不同的限制措施。 A view shows empty streets around the Moulin Rouge cabaret during the late-night curfew due to restrictions against the spread of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Paris, France, October 17, 2020. REUTERS/Charles Platiau London moved into the category of “high” alert, meaning household mixing has been banned in indoor spaces, and the authorities have not ruled out more stringent measures for the coming winter. A 10 pm curfew on restaurants and bars and a ban of more than six people from gathering has been in place for several weeks. 伦敦已经被划为“高风险区”，这意味着不同家庭间的室内聚会将被禁止，当局也不排除在即将到来的冬季采取更严格限制措施的可能性。数周前伦敦就开始实施宵禁，餐厅和酒吧必须在晚上10点前关门，并禁止6人以上的聚会。 Wales moved to impose a "fire break” lockdown for over two weeks from this Friday. All non-essential stores as well as hospitality businesses will have to close from 6 pm. In Scotland, all bars and restaurants have been shuttered to combat the spread of COVID-19. Schools in Northern Ireland shuttered for two weeks on Monday, and restaurants are now limited to take-out services only for a four-week period. 威尔士从上周五（10月16日）开始为期两周多的“防火墙”封锁。所有出售非必需品的商店和服务场所都必须在下午6点前关门。苏格兰关闭了所有酒吧和餐厅以阻止新冠病毒的传播。北爱尔兰的学校从本周一开始关闭两周，餐厅在未来四周内只能提供外卖服务。 Nine cities, including Paris, have been placed under a 9 pm to 6 am curfew in France. Over the weekend the country reported over 57,000 new coronavirus cases. And in Belgium, all bars and restaurants have been ordered to shutter for the next four weeks. 在法国，包括巴黎在内的9座城市都已实施从晚上9点到早上6点的宵禁。上周末法国报告新增新冠肺炎确诊病例逾57000例。比利时下令所有酒吧和餐厅在未来四周内不得营业。 People wearing protective face masks shop at a supermarket amid the outbreak of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Omsk, Russia October 15, 2020. REUTERS/Alexey Malgavko In a recent interview with ABC News, the WHO’s Dr Margaret Harris said that “people did believe” that they would get a “break” in the summer during the pandemic, which may in part explain why cases have risen since Europe opened up. 世界卫生组织的玛格丽特·哈里斯博士近日在接受ABC新闻的采访时表示，“人们确实相信”今年夏季他们可以在疫情期间得以“喘息”，这也许能部分解释为什么欧洲开放后病例增多。 "And, unfortunately, people sort of did behave as if it had gone away and it hadn't, and that's why numbers have been steadily increasing since the middle of June,” she said. 她说：“不幸的是，人们表现得好像疫情已经过去了，但实际上并没有，这就是新增确诊病例数自六月中旬以来稳定增加的原因。” 英文来源：ABC新闻 翻译&编辑：丹妮

Empty streets are seen in Montmartre during the late-night curfew due to restrictions against the spread of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Paris, France, October 17, 2020. REUTERS/Charles Platiau Governments across Europe have introduced more restrictions to combat the spread of COVID-19, with a combination of nationwide and specific regional measures and curfews imposed as the continent faces its "second wave." The number of globally recorded coronavirus cases passed 40 million on Monday, according to Johns Hopkins University, and while more than half of those cases come from the US, India and Brazil, an increasing proportion of new daily recorded cases are emerging from Europe. In total, over 7 million cases have been recorded in Europe since the start of the pandemic, according to the European Center for Disease Control, with 241,291 deaths. After new restrictions were imposed in several countries earlier this month, Switzerland has followed Italy in imposing a nationwide mask mandate in all public spaces from Monday. While not as restrictive as previous measures imposed when Italy faced a severe COVID surge earlier in the pandemic, local mayors have been given the power to close piazzas and streets from 9 pm and bars and restaurants must shut by midnight. Empty tables are seen outside a restaurant in Rome as the country tightens regulations in an effort to control rising COVID-19 infections, Rome, Italy, October 14, 2020. REUTERS/Remo Casilli Ireland’s government has announced that, starting Wednesday, it is returning the country to a full-scale lockdown for six weeks, reinstating restrictions close to those that were in place in the spring at the height of the first wave of the pandemic. The new lockdown will raise restrictions from Level 3 to Level 5, banning all house visits, closing all but essential retail stores, and requiring people to stay within a 5-kilometer radius of their homes. In the UK, the four nations of Scotland, England, Wales and Northern Ireland retain the power to set their own "lockdown" measures. In England a three-tier system remains in place, with varying restrictions imposed depending on whether an area is on "medium," "high" or "very high" alert. A view shows empty streets around the Moulin Rouge cabaret during the late-night curfew due to restrictions against the spread of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Paris, France, October 17, 2020. REUTERS/Charles Platiau London moved into the category of “high” alert, meaning household mixing has been banned in indoor spaces, and the authorities have not ruled out more stringent measures for the coming winter. A 10 pm curfew on restaurants and bars and a ban of more than six people from gathering has been in place for several weeks. Wales moved to impose a "fire break” lockdown for over two weeks from this Friday. All non-essential stores as well as hospitality businesses will have to close from 6 pm. In Scotland, all bars and restaurants have been shuttered to combat the spread of COVID-19. Schools in Northern Ireland shuttered for two weeks on Monday, and restaurants are now limited to take-out services only for a four-week period. Nine cities, including Paris, have been placed under a 9 pm to 6 am curfew in France. Over the weekend the country reported over 57,000 new coronavirus cases. And in Belgium, all bars and restaurants have been ordered to shutter for the next four weeks. People wearing protective face masks shop at a supermarket amid the outbreak of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Omsk, Russia October 15, 2020. REUTERS/Alexey Malgavko In a recent interview with ABC News, the WHO’s Dr Margaret Harris said that “people did believe” that they would get a “break” in the summer during the pandemic, which may in part explain why cases have risen since Europe opened up. "And, unfortunately, people sort of did behave as if it had gone away and it hadn't, and that's why numbers have been steadily increasing since the middle of June,” she said.

10月19日，全球累计新冠确诊病例超4000万例。欧洲疫情近期快速反弹，新冠病例增速已超过美国。面对来势凶猛的第二波疫情，欧洲各国纷纷加强了限制措施，重新进入疫情最高警戒状态。 面对“第二波疫情”的来袭，欧洲各国政府采取了包括宵禁在内的面向全国和特定地区的更多限制措施以阻止新冠病毒的传播。 根据约翰斯·霍普金斯大学的统计，本周一（10月19日）全球累计新冠确诊病例超4000万例。尽管超半数病例来自美国、印度和巴西，欧洲的单日新增确诊病例数所占比例也在扩大。 根据欧洲疾控中心的数据，自从疫情暴发以来，欧洲累计新冠确诊病例超700万例，死亡病例达24万1291例。 本月早些时候欧洲几个国家实行了新的限制措施，继意大利之后，瑞士也于本周一开始强制要求全民在所有公共场所佩戴口罩。 尽管意大利目前的限制措施不如早期疫情最严重的时候那么严格，但是各地市长有权在晚上9点后封锁露天市场和街道，酒吧和餐厅也必须在午夜前关门。 piazza [piˈɑːzə]: n. 露天市场，广场；走廊 爱尔兰政府宣布，从本周三（10月21日）起，将对国家实施长达六周的全面封锁，并恢复春季第一波疫情高峰时采取的限制措施。 新的限制措施将把封锁级别从3级升至5级，禁止一切上门拜访、关闭必需品零售店以外的所有商店，要求人们在以家为中心5公里的半径内活动。 在英国，苏格兰、英格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰保留自定封锁措施的权力。英格兰目前实行的是三级封锁限制措施，根据一个地区疫情的中、高或极高风险警报采取不同的限制措施。 伦敦已经被划为“高风险区”，这意味着不同家庭间的室内聚会将被禁止，当局也不排除在即将到来的冬季采取更严格限制措施的可能性。数周前伦敦就开始实施宵禁，餐厅和酒吧必须在晚上10点前关门，并禁止6人以上的聚会。 威尔士从上周五（10月16日）开始为期两周多的“防火墙”封锁。所有出售非必需品的商店和服务场所都必须在下午6点前关门。苏格兰关闭了所有酒吧和餐厅以阻止新冠病毒的传播。北爱尔兰的学校从本周一开始关闭两周，餐厅在未来四周内只能提供外卖服务。 在法国，包括巴黎在内的9座城市都已实施从晚上9点到早上6点的宵禁。上周末法国报告新增新冠肺炎确诊病例逾57000例。比利时下令所有酒吧和餐厅在未来四周内不得营业。 世界卫生组织的玛格丽特·哈里斯博士近日在接受ABC新闻的采访时表示，“人们确实相信”今年夏季他们可以在疫情期间得以“喘息”，这也许能部分解释为什么欧洲开放后病例增多。 她说：“不幸的是，人们表现得好像疫情已经过去了，但实际上并没有，这就是新增确诊病例数自六月中旬以来稳定增加的原因。” 英文来源：ABC新闻 翻译&编辑：丹妮

A photo captures the changing colors of autumn in Beijing. [Photo by He Jianyong/for chinadaily.com.cn] 秋天，无论在什么地方的秋天，总是好的；可是啊，北国的秋，却特别地来得清，来得静，来得悲凉。我的不远千里，要从杭州赶上青岛，更要从青岛赶上北平来的理由，也不过想饱尝一尝这“秋”，这故都的秋味。 Autumn, wherever it is, always has something to recommend itself. In North China, however, it is particularly limpid, serene and melancholy. To enjoy its atmosphere to the full in the onetime capital, I have, therefore, made light of travelling a long distance from Hangzhou to Qingdao, and thence to Peiping. 江南，秋当然也是有的，但草木凋得慢，空气来得润，天的颜色显得淡，并且又时常多雨而少风；一个人夹在苏州上海杭州，或厦门香港广州的市民中间，浑浑沌沌地过去，只能感到一点点清凉，秋的味，秋的色，秋的意境与姿态，总看不饱，尝不透，赏玩不到十足。秋并不是名花，也并不是美酒，那一种半开，半醉的状态，在领略秋的过程上，是不合适的。 There is of course autumn in the South too, but over there plants wither slowly, the air is moist, the sky pallid, and it is more often rainy than windy. While muddling along all by myself among the urban dwellers of Suzhou, Shanghai, Xiamen, Hong Kong or Guangzhou, I feel nothing but a little chill in the air, without ever relishing to my heart's content the flavour, colour, mood and style of the season. Unlike famous flowers which are most attractive when half opening, good wine which is most tempting when one is half drunk, autumn, however, is best appreciated in its entirety. 不逢北国之秋，已将近十余年了。在南方每年到了秋天，总要想陶然亭的芦花，钓鱼台的柳影，西山的虫唱，玉泉的夜月，潭柘寺的钟声。在北平即使不出门去罢，就是在皇城人海之中，租人家一椽破屋来住着，早晨起来，泡一碗浓茶，向院子一坐， 你也能看到很高很高的碧绿的天色，听得到青天下驯鸽的飞声。 It is more than a decade since I last saw autumn in North. When I am in the South, the arrival of each autumn will put me in mind of Peiping's Tao Ran Ting with its reed catkins, Diao Yu Tai with its shady willow trees, Western Hills with their chirping insects, Yu Quan Shan Mountain on a moonlight evening and Tan Zhe Si with its reverberating bell. Suppose you put up in a humble rented house inside the bustling imperial city, you can, on getting up at dawn, sit in your courtyard sipping a cup of strong tea, leisurely watch the high azure skies and listen to pigeons circling overhead. 从槐树叶底，朝东细数着一丝一丝漏下来的日光，或在破壁腰中，静对着像喇叭似的牵牛花（朝荣）的蓝朵，自然而然地也能感觉到十分的秋意。说到牵牛花，我以为以蓝色或白色者为佳， 紫黑色次之，淡红色最下。最好，还要在牵牛花底教长着几根疏疏落落的尖细且长的秋草，使作陪衬。 Saunter eastward under locust trees to closely observe streaks of sunlight filtering through their foliage, or quietly watch the trumpet-shaped blue flowers of morning glories climbing half way up a dilapidated wall, and an intense feeling of autumn will of itself well up inside you. As to morning glories, I like their blue or white flowers best, dark purple ones second best, and pink ones third best. It will be most desirable to have them set off by some tall thin grass planted underneath here and there. 北国的槐树，也是一种能使人联想起秋来的点缀。像花而又不是花的那一种落蕊，早晨起来，会铺得满地。脚踏上去，声音也没有，气味也没有，只能感出一点点极微细极柔软的触觉。 Locust trees in the North, as a decorative embellishment of nature, also associate us with autumn. On getting up early in the morning, you will find the ground strewn all over with flower-like pistils fallen from locust trees. Quiet and smell-less, they feel tiny and soft underfoot. [Photo/China Daily] 扫街的在树影下一阵扫后，灰土上留下来的一条条扫帚的丝纹，看起来既觉得细腻，又觉得清闲，潜意识下并且还觉得有点儿落寞，古人所说的梧桐一叶而天下知秋的遥想，大约也就在这些深沉的地方。 After a street cleaner has done the sweeping under the shade of the trees, you will discover countless lines left by his broom in the dust, which look so fine and quiet that somehow a feeling of forlornness will begin to creep up on you. The same depth of implication is found in the ancient saying that a single fallen leaf from the wutong tree is more than enough to inform the world of autumn's presence. 秋蝉的衰弱的残声，更是北国的特产；因为北平处处全长着树，屋子又低，所以无论在什么地方，都听得见它们的啼唱。在南方是非要上郊外或山上去才听得到的。这秋蝉的嘶叫，在北平可和蟋蟀耗子一样，简直像是家家户户都养在家里的家虫。 The sporadic feeble chirping of cicadas is especially characteristic of autumn in the North. Due to the abundance of trees and the low altitude of dwellings in Peiping, cicadas are audible in every nook and cranny of the city. In the South, however, one cannot hear them unless in suburbs or hills. Because of their ubiquitous shrill noise, these insects in Peiping seem to be living off every household like crickets or mice. 还有秋雨哩，北方的秋雨，也似乎比南方的下得奇，下得有味，下得更像样。 As for autumn rains in the North, they also seem to differ from those in the South, being more appealing, more temperate. 在灰沉沉的天底下，忽而来一阵凉风，便息列索落地下起雨来了。一层雨过，云渐渐地卷向了西去，天又青了，太阳又露出脸来了；著着很厚的青布单衣或夹袄的都市闲人，咬着烟管，在雨后的斜桥影里，上桥头树底下去一立，遇见熟人，便会用了缓慢悠闲的声调，微叹着互答着说： A sudden gust of cool wind under the slaty sky, and raindrops will start pitter-pattering. Soon when the rain is over, the clouds begin gradually to roll towards the west and the sun comes out in the blue sky. Some idle townsfolk, wearing lined or unlined clothing made of thick cloth, will come out pipe in mouth and, loitering under a tree by the end of a bridge, exchange leisurely conversation with acquaintances with a slight touch of regret at the passing of time: “唉，天可真凉了——”“可不是么？一层秋雨一层凉了！” "Oh, real nice and cool—" "Sure! Getting cooler with each autumn shower!" 北方的果树，到秋来，也是一种奇景。第一是枣子树；屋角，墙头，茅房边上，灶房门口，它都会一株株地长大起来。像橄榄又像鸽蛋似的这枣子颗儿，在小椭圆形的细叶中间，显出淡绿微黄的颜色的时候，正是秋的全盛时期；等枣树叶落，枣子红完，西北风就要起来了，北方便是尘沙灰土的世界，只有这枣子、柿子、葡萄，成熟到八九分的七八月之交，是北国的清秋的佳日，是一年之中最好也没有的golden days。 Fruit trees in the North also make a wonderful sight in autumn. Take jujube tree for example. They grow everywhere—around the corner of a house, at the foot of a wall, by the side of a latrine or outside a kitchen door. It is at the height of autumn that jujubes, shaped like dates or pigeon eggs, make their appearance in a light yellowish-green amongst tiny elliptic leaves. By the time when they have turned ruddy and the leaves fallen, the north-westerly wind will begin to reign supreme and make a dusty world of the North. Only at the turn of July and August when jujubes, persimmons, grapes are 80-90 percent ripe will the North have the best of autumn—the golden days in a year. 有些批评家说，中国的文人学士，尤其是诗人，都带着很浓厚的颓废色彩，所以中国的诗文里，颂赞秋的文字特别的多。但外国的诗人，又何尝不然？我虽则外国诗文念得不多，也不想开账来，做一篇秋的诗歌散文钞，但你若去一翻英德法意等诗人的集子，或各国的诗文的anthology来，总能够看到许多关于秋的歌颂与悲啼。各著名的大诗人的长篇田园诗或四季诗里，也总以关于秋的部分，写得最出色而最有味。足见有感觉的动物，有情趣的人类，对于秋，总是一样的能特别引起深沉，幽远，严厉， 萧索的感触来的。 Some literary critics say that Chinese literati, especially poets, are mostly disposed to be decadent, which accounts for predominance of Chinese works singing the praises of autumn. Well, the same is true of foreign poets, isn't it? I haven't read much of foreign poetry and prose, nor do I want to enumerate autumn-related poems and essays in foreign literature. But, if you browse through collected works of English, German, French or Italian poets, or various countries' anthologies of poetry or prose, you can always comes across a great many literary pieces eulogizing or lamenting autumn. Long pastoral poems or songs about the four seasons by renowned poets are mostly distinguished by beautiful moving lines on autumn. All that goes to show that all live creatures and sensitive humans alike are prone to the feeling of depth, remoteness, severity and bleakness. 不单是诗人，就是被关闭在牢狱里的囚犯，到了秋天，我想也一定会感到一种不能自已的深情；秋之于人，何尝有国别，更何尝有人种阶级的区别呢？不过在中国，文字里有一个“秋士”的成语，读本里又有着很普遍的欧阳子的秋声与苏东坡的《赤壁赋》等，就觉得中国的文人，与秋的关系特别深了。可是这秋的深味，非要在北方，才感受得到底。 Not only poets, even convicts in prison, I suppose, have deep sentiments in autumn in spite of themselves. Autumn treats all humans alike, regardless of nationality, race or class. However, judging from Chinese idiom qiushi (autumn scholar, meaning and aged scholar grieving over frustrations in his life) and frequent selection in textbooks of Ouyang Xiu's On the Autumn Sough and Su Dongpo's On the Red Cliff , Chinese men of letters seem to be particularly autumn-minded. But, to know the real flavour of autumn, especially China's autumn, one has to visit the North. 南国之秋，当然是也有它的特异的地方的，比如廿四桥的明月，钱塘江的秋潮，普陀山的凉雾，荔枝湾的残荷等等，可是色彩不浓，回味不永。比起北国的秋来，正像是黄酒之于白干，稀饭之于馍馍，鲈鱼之于大蟹，黄犬之于骆驼。 Autumn in the South also has its unique features, such as the moonlit Ershisi Bridge in Yangzhou, the flowing sea tide at the Qiantangjiang River, the mist-shrouded Putuo Mountain and lotuses at the Lizhiwan Bay. But they all lack strong colour and lingering flavour. Southern autumn is to Northern autumn what yellow rice wine is to kaoliang wine, congee to steamed buns, perches to crabs, yellow dogs to camels. 秋天，这北国的秋天，若留得往的话，我愿把寿命的三分之二折去，换得一个三分之一的零头。 Autumn, I mean Northern autumn, if only it could be made to last forever! I would be more than willing to keep but one-third of my life-span and have two-thirds of it bartered for the prolonged stay of the season! 作者：郁达夫 译者：张培基 来源：中国日报双语微信

A photo captures the changing colors of autumn in Beijing. [Photo by He Jianyong/for chinadaily.com.cn] Autumn, wherever it is, always has something to recommend itself. In North China, however, it is particularly limpid, serene and melancholy. To enjoy its atmosphere to the full in the onetime capital, I have, therefore, made light of travelling a long distance from Hangzhou to Qingdao, and thence to Peiping. There is of course autumn in the South too, but over there plants wither slowly, the air is moist, the sky pallid, and it is more often rainy than windy. While muddling along all by myself among the urban dwellers of Suzhou, Shanghai, Xiamen, Hong Kong or Guangzhou, I feel nothing but a little chill in the air, without ever relishing to my heart's content the flavour, colour, mood and style of the season. Unlike famous flowers which are most attractive when half opening, good wine which is most tempting when one is half drunk, autumn, however, is best appreciated in its entirety. It is more than a decade since I last saw autumn in North. When I am in the South, the arrival of each autumn will put me in mind of Peiping's Tao Ran Ting with its reed catkins, Diao Yu Tai with its shady willow trees, Western Hills with their chirping insects, Yu Quan Shan Mountain on a moonlight evening and Tan Zhe Si with its reverberating bell. Suppose you put up in a humble rented house inside the bustling imperial city, you can, on getting up at dawn, sit in your courtyard sipping a cup of strong tea, leisurely watch the high azure skies and listen to pigeons circling overhead. Saunter eastward under locust trees to closely observe streaks of sunlight filtering through their foliage, or quietly watch the trumpet-shaped blue flowers of morning glories climbing half way up a dilapidated wall, and an intense feeling of autumn will of itself well up inside you. As to morning glories, I like their blue or white flowers best, dark purple ones second best, and pink ones third best. It will be most desirable to have them set off by some tall thin grass planted underneath here and there. Locust trees in the North, as a decorative embellishment of nature, also associate us with autumn. On getting up early in the morning, you will find the ground strewn all over with flower-like pistils fallen from locust trees. Quiet and smell-less, they feel tiny and soft underfoot. [Photo/China Daily] After a street cleaner has done the sweeping under the shade of the trees, you will discover countless lines left by his broom in the dust, which look so fine and quiet that somehow a feeling of forlornness will begin to creep up on you. The same depth of implication is found in the ancient saying that a single fallen leaf from the wutong tree is more than enough to inform the world of autumn's presence. The sporadic feeble chirping of cicadas is especially characteristic of autumn in the North. Due to the abundance of trees and the low altitude of dwellings in Peiping, cicadas are audible in every nook and cranny of the city. In the South, however, one cannot hear them unless in suburbs or hills. Because of their ubiquitous shrill noise, these insects in Peiping seem to be living off every household like crickets or mice. As for autumn rains in the North, they also seem to differ from those in the South, being more appealing, more temperate. A sudden gust of cool wind under the slaty sky, and raindrops will start pitter-pattering. Soon when the rain is over, the clouds begin gradually to roll towards the west and the sun comes out in the blue sky. Some idle townsfolk, wearing lined or unlined clothing made of thick cloth, will come out pipe in mouth and, loitering under a tree by the end of a bridge, exchange leisurely conversation with acquaintances with a slight touch of regret at the passing of time: "Oh, real nice and cool—" "Sure! Getting cooler with each autumn shower!" Fruit trees in the North also make a wonderful sight in autumn. Take jujube tree for example. They grow everywhere—around the corner of a house, at the foot of a wall, by the side of a latrine or outside a kitchen door. It is at the height of autumn that jujubes, shaped like dates or pigeon eggs, make their appearance in a light yellowish-green amongst tiny elliptic leaves. By the time when they have turned ruddy and the leaves fallen, the north-westerly wind will begin to reign supreme and make a dusty world of the North. Only at the turn of July and August when jujubes, persimmons, grapes are 80-90 percent ripe will the North have the best of autumn—the golden days in a year. Some literary critics say that Chinese literati, especially poets, are mostly disposed to be decadent, which accounts for predominance of Chinese works singing the praises of autumn. Well, the same is true of foreign poets, isn't it? I haven't read much of foreign poetry and prose, nor do I want to enumerate autumn-related poems and essays in foreign literature. But, if you browse through collected works of English, German, French or Italian poets, or various countries' anthologies of poetry or prose, you can always comes across a great many literary pieces eulogizing or lamenting autumn. Long pastoral poems or songs about the four seasons by renowned poets are mostly distinguished by beautiful moving lines on autumn. All that goes to show that all live creatures and sensitive humans alike are prone to the feeling of depth, remoteness, severity and bleakness. Not only poets, even convicts in prison, I suppose, have deep sentiments in autumn in spite of themselves. Autumn treats all humans alike, regardless of nationality, race or class. However, judging from Chinese idiom qiushi (autumn scholar, meaning and aged scholar grieving over frustrations in his life) and frequent selection in textbooks of Ouyang Xiu's On the Autumn Sough and Su Dongpo's On the Red Cliff , Chinese men of letters seem to be particularly autumn-minded. But, to know the real flavour of autumn, especially China's autumn, one has to visit the North. Autumn in the South also has its unique features, such as the moonlit Ershisi Bridge in Yangzhou, the flowing sea tide at the Qiantangjiang River, the mist-shrouded Putuo Mountain and lotuses at the Lizhiwan Bay. But they all lack strong colour and lingering flavour. Southern autumn is to Northern autumn what yellow rice wine is to kaoliang wine, congee to steamed buns, perches to crabs, yellow dogs to camels. Autumn, I mean Northern autumn, if only it could be made to last forever! I would be more than willing to keep but one-third of my life-span and have two-thirds of it bartered for the prolonged stay of the season!

秋天，无论在什么地方的秋天，总是好的；可是啊，北国的秋，却特别地来得清，来得静，来得悲凉。我的不远千里，要从杭州赶上青岛，更要从青岛赶上北平来的理由，也不过想饱尝一尝这“秋”，这故都的秋味。 江南，秋当然也是有的，但草木凋得慢，空气来得润，天的颜色显得淡，并且又时常多雨而少风；一个人夹在苏州上海杭州，或厦门香港广州的市民中间，浑浑沌沌地过去，只能感到一点点清凉，秋的味，秋的色，秋的意境与姿态，总看不饱，尝不透，赏玩不到十足。秋并不是名花，也并不是美酒，那一种半开，半醉的状态，在领略秋的过程上，是不合适的。 不逢北国之秋，已将近十余年了。在南方每年到了秋天，总要想陶然亭的芦花，钓鱼台的柳影，西山的虫唱，玉泉的夜月，潭柘寺的钟声。在北平即使不出门去罢，就是在皇城人海之中，租人家一椽破屋来住着，早晨起来，泡一碗浓茶，向院子一坐， 你也能看到很高很高的碧绿的天色，听得到青天下驯鸽的飞声。 从槐树叶底，朝东细数着一丝一丝漏下来的日光，或在破壁腰中，静对着像喇叭似的牵牛花（朝荣）的蓝朵，自然而然地也能感觉到十分的秋意。说到牵牛花，我以为以蓝色或白色者为佳， 紫黑色次之，淡红色最下。最好，还要在牵牛花底教长着几根疏疏落落的尖细且长的秋草，使作陪衬。 北国的槐树，也是一种能使人联想起秋来的点缀。像花而又不是花的那一种落蕊，早晨起来，会铺得满地。脚踏上去，声音也没有，气味也没有，只能感出一点点极微细极柔软的触觉。 扫街的在树影下一阵扫后，灰土上留下来的一条条扫帚的丝纹，看起来既觉得细腻，又觉得清闲，潜意识下并且还觉得有点儿落寞，古人所说的梧桐一叶而天下知秋的遥想，大约也就在这些深沉的地方。 秋蝉的衰弱的残声，更是北国的特产；因为北平处处全长着树，屋子又低，所以无论在什么地方，都听得见它们的啼唱。在南方是非要上郊外或山上去才听得到的。这秋蝉的嘶叫，在北平可和蟋蟀耗子一样，简直像是家家户户都养在家里的家虫。 还有秋雨哩，北方的秋雨，也似乎比南方的下得奇，下得有味，下得更像样。 在灰沉沉的天底下，忽而来一阵凉风，便息列索落地下起雨来了。一层雨过，云渐渐地卷向了西去，天又青了，太阳又露出脸来了；著着很厚的青布单衣或夹袄的都市闲人，咬着烟管，在雨后的斜桥影里，上桥头树底下去一立，遇见熟人，便会用了缓慢悠闲的声调，微叹着互答着说： “唉，天可真凉了——”“可不是么？一层秋雨一层凉了！” 北方的果树，到秋来，也是一种奇景。第一是枣子树；屋角，墙头，茅房边上，灶房门口，它都会一株株地长大起来。像橄榄又像鸽蛋似的这枣子颗儿，在小椭圆形的细叶中间，显出淡绿微黄的颜色的时候，正是秋的全盛时期；等枣树叶落，枣子红完，西北风就要起来了，北方便是尘沙灰土的世界，只有这枣子、柿子、葡萄，成熟到八九分的七八月之交，是北国的清秋的佳日，是一年之中最好也没有的golden days。 有些批评家说，中国的文人学士，尤其是诗人，都带着很浓厚的颓废色彩，所以中国的诗文里，颂赞秋的文字特别的多。但外国的诗人，又何尝不然？我虽则外国诗文念得不多，也不想开账来，做一篇秋的诗歌散文钞，但你若去一翻英德法意等诗人的集子，或各国的诗文的anthology来，总能够看到许多关于秋的歌颂与悲啼。各著名的大诗人的长篇田园诗或四季诗里，也总以关于秋的部分，写得最出色而最有味。足见有感觉的动物，有情趣的人类，对于秋，总是一样的能特别引起深沉，幽远，严厉， 萧索的感触来的。 不单是诗人，就是被关闭在牢狱里的囚犯，到了秋天，我想也一定会感到一种不能自已的深情；秋之于人，何尝有国别，更何尝有人种阶级的区别呢？不过在中国，文字里有一个“秋士”的成语，读本里又有着很普遍的欧阳子的秋声与苏东坡的《赤壁赋》等，就觉得中国的文人，与秋的关系特别深了。可是这秋的深味，非要在北方，才感受得到底。 南国之秋，当然是也有它的特异的地方的，比如廿四桥的明月，钱塘江的秋潮，普陀山的凉雾，荔枝湾的残荷等等，可是色彩不浓，回味不永。比起北国的秋来，正像是黄酒之于白干，稀饭之于馍馍，鲈鱼之于大蟹，黄犬之于骆驼。 秋天，这北国的秋天，若留得往的话，我愿把寿命的三分之二折去，换得一个三分之一的零头。 作者：郁达夫 译者：张培基 来源：中国日报双语微信

新冠疫情重创的不只有人类，动物也深受其累，其中就包括无辜的水貂。由于从人类身上感染了新冠病毒，荷兰、西班牙、美国等地超百万只水貂被宰杀。 Caged minks look on after police officers arrived at Thorbjorn Jepsen's mink farm, amid the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak, in Gjoel, Denmark October 9, 2020. Henning Bagger/Ritzau Scanpix/via REUTERS The coronavirus pandemic has already claimed more than a million human lives, but we aren't the only living things in danger from COVID-19: minks are being killed off in their thousands because of the spread of the virus. 新冠大流行病已经夺走了超过100万人的生命，但人类并非唯一受新冠病毒威胁的生物：由于病毒的传播，已经有成千上万的水貂被宰杀。 NBC News reports on the deaths of almost 10,000 minks at farms in Utah in the US, while the picture in Europe has been even bleaker according to Sky News – at a farm in Spain, for example, over 92,000 of the animals have been slaughtered after it was estimated that 90 percent of them had caught the virus. 美国国家广播公司新闻部曾对美国犹他州农场近1万只水貂的死亡进行了报道，根据天空新闻报道，欧洲的情况则更为惨烈——比如说在西班牙的一处农场有超过92000只水貂被宰杀，原因是预计那里90%的水貂都感染了新冠病毒。 In the Netherlands, the death toll has been even higher: over 1 million mink have been culled in the country over concerns that the animals could pass the virus back to humans, as per an AP report. World Health Organisation epidemiologist Maria Van Kerkhove has said the risk of catching COVID-19 from an animal remains "very limited". 在荷兰，水貂的死亡总数更甚。根据美联社的报道，因担忧水貂将病毒传回给人类，荷兰国内有超过100万只水貂被扑杀。世界卫生组织的流行病学家玛利亚·范·科克浩夫曾表示，从动物身上感染新冠病毒的风险仍旧“十分有限”。 Thorbjorn Jepsen holds up a mink at his farm, amid the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak, in Gjoel, Denmark October 9, 2020. Henning Bagger/Ritzau Scanpix/via REUTERS In the case of the Utah outbreak, it covers nine fur farms and has been thought to have been caused by the virus being passed on from an infected handler. The first signs of the virus spreading to minks in the region were spotted back in August. 美国犹他州的疫情暴发涉及到9家皮毛农场，据认为是由一名染病的管理者传播的病毒。在该地区，病毒传播给水貂的最初迹象可以追溯至今年8月份。 COVID-19 affects minks in a similar way to people, causing respiratory problems that tend to be worse in older animals. The mustelids group, which includes minks, weasels and badgers, is known to be at particular risk of catching the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. 水貂感染新冠病毒的表现和人类很像，会发生呼吸系统问题，较老的动物病情会更严重。据悉，包括水貂、黄鼬和獾在内的鼬科动物特别容易感染新冠病毒。 "Minks show open mouth breathing, discharge from their eyes and nose, and are not sick for several days before they pass away," Utah veterinarian Dean Taylor told NBC News. "They typically die within the next day." “感染后的水貂会张着嘴呼吸，眼睛和鼻子里会流出液体，不会病几天才死亡，”犹他州的兽医迪恩·泰勒告诉美国国家广播公司新闻部说，“他们（染病后）通常第二天就会死亡。” The lungs of the dead minks were "wet, heavy, red and angry" when examined, veterinary pathologist Tom Baldwin, from Utah State University, told Science . That's consistent with signs of pneumonia, and matches up with investigations carried out in Europe. 犹他州立大学的兽医病理学家汤姆·鲍德温告诉《科学》期刊说，在检查病死的水貂时，能看到肺部是“湿重的、红色并有炎症”。这与肺炎的症状一致，也和欧洲开展的调查结果相符。 angry: adj.（伤口等）发炎的 Scientists are urgently trying to establish which animals are able to pass the virus back to humans – there are instances of it potentially happening, but as noted by WHO, at the moment the risk is thought to be low (and much lower than the risk of human-to-human transmission). 科学家正迫切地想要查实哪种动物能够将病毒传回给人类。虽然有一些潜在的案例，但是世界卫生组织指出，目前认为这种风险较低（而且比人传人的风险要低很多）。 It appears we can very much pass it on to other species though, as this tragedy among mink populations shows – yet another reason for the rest of the animal kingdom to be very afraid of us. 不过，看起来人类极有可能将病毒传播给其他物种，正如这场水貂的悲剧所显示的。这也是动物王国的其他成员非常惧怕我们的另一个原因。 It's another sad story in a year that's been full of them, but there are reasons to be optimistic that a coronavirus vaccine isn't too far off. 这是充满悲剧的一年里的又一出悲剧，但也有值得乐观的理由，因为新冠疫苗已经不远了。 来源：Science Alert、煎蛋网 编审：丹妮

Caged minks look on after police officers arrived at Thorbjorn Jepsen's mink farm, amid the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak, in Gjoel, Denmark October 9, 2020. Henning Bagger/Ritzau Scanpix/via REUTERS The coronavirus pandemic has already claimed more than a million human lives, but we aren't the only living things in danger from COVID-19: minks are being killed off in their thousands because of the spread of the virus. NBC News reports on the deaths of almost 10,000 minks at farms in Utah in the US, while the picture in Europe has been even bleaker according to Sky News – at a farm in Spain, for example, over 92,000 of the animals have been slaughtered after it was estimated that 90 percent of them had caught the virus. In the Netherlands, the death toll has been even higher: over 1 million mink have been culled in the country over concerns that the animals could pass the virus back to humans, as per an AP report. World Health Organisation epidemiologist Maria Van Kerkhove has said the risk of catching COVID-19 from an animal remains "very limited". Thorbjorn Jepsen holds up a mink at his farm, amid the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak, in Gjoel, Denmark October 9, 2020. Henning Bagger/Ritzau Scanpix/via REUTERS In the case of the Utah outbreak, it covers nine fur farms and has been thought to have been caused by the virus being passed on from an infected handler. The first signs of the virus spreading to minks in the region were spotted back in August. COVID-19 affects minks in a similar way to people, causing respiratory problems that tend to be worse in older animals. The mustelids group, which includes minks, weasels and badgers, is known to be at particular risk of catching the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. "Minks show open mouth breathing, discharge from their eyes and nose, and are not sick for several days before they pass away," Utah veterinarian Dean Taylor told NBC News. "They typically die within the next day." The lungs of the dead minks were "wet, heavy, red and angry" when examined, veterinary pathologist Tom Baldwin, from Utah State University, told Science . That's consistent with signs of pneumonia, and matches up with investigations carried out in Europe. Scientists are urgently trying to establish which animals are able to pass the virus back to humans – there are instances of it potentially happening, but as noted by WHO, at the moment the risk is thought to be low (and much lower than the risk of human-to-human transmission). It appears we can very much pass it on to other species though, as this tragedy among mink populations shows – yet another reason for the rest of the animal kingdom to be very afraid of us. It's another sad story in a year that's been full of them, but there are reasons to be optimistic that a coronavirus vaccine isn't too far off.

新冠疫情重创的不只有人类，动物也深受其累，其中就包括无辜的水貂。由于从人类身上感染了新冠病毒，荷兰、西班牙、美国等地超百万只水貂被宰杀。 新冠大流行病已经夺走了超过100万人的生命，但人类并非唯一受新冠病毒威胁的生物：由于病毒的传播，已经有成千上万的水貂被宰杀。 美国国家广播公司新闻部曾对美国犹他州农场近1万只水貂的死亡进行了报道，根据天空新闻报道，欧洲的情况则更为惨烈——比如说在西班牙的一处农场有超过92000只水貂被宰杀，原因是预计那里90%的水貂都感染了新冠病毒。 在荷兰，水貂的死亡总数更甚。根据美联社的报道，因担忧水貂将病毒传回给人类，荷兰国内有超过100万只水貂被扑杀。世界卫生组织的流行病学家玛利亚·范·科克浩夫曾表示，从动物身上感染新冠病毒的风险仍旧“十分有限”。 美国犹他州的疫情暴发涉及到9家皮毛农场，据认为是由一名染病的管理者传播的病毒。在该地区，病毒传播给水貂的最初迹象可以追溯至今年8月份。 水貂感染新冠病毒的表现和人类很像，会发生呼吸系统问题，较老的动物病情会更严重。据悉，包括水貂、黄鼬和獾在内的鼬科动物特别容易感染新冠病毒。 “感染后的水貂会张着嘴呼吸，眼睛和鼻子里会流出液体，不会病几天才死亡，”犹他州的兽医迪恩·泰勒告诉美国国家广播公司新闻部说，“他们（染病后）通常第二天就会死亡。” 犹他州立大学的兽医病理学家汤姆·鲍德温告诉《科学》期刊说，在检查病死的水貂时，能看到肺部是“湿重的、红色并有炎症”。这与肺炎的症状一致，也和欧洲开展的调查结果相符。 angry: adj.（伤口等）发炎的 科学家正迫切地想要查实哪种动物能够将病毒传回给人类。虽然有一些潜在的案例，但是世界卫生组织指出，目前认为这种风险较低（而且比人传人的风险要低很多）。 不过，看起来人类极有可能将病毒传播给其他物种，正如这场水貂的悲剧所显示的。这也是动物王国的其他成员非常惧怕我们的另一个原因。 这是充满悲剧的一年里的又一出悲剧，但也有值得乐观的理由，因为新冠疫苗已经不远了。 来源：Science Alert、煎蛋网 编审：丹妮

虽然十月已经过去了一半，但英美剧一年中最热闹的秋季档还在如火如荼地更新着。 自九月开始，一众金牌老剧回归的序幕已然拉开，接下来还有一大波新剧来袭，有笑有泪，有惊喜也有惊恐……你准备好了吗？ 【老剧推荐】 10月28日：《我们这一天》 This Is Us 第五季 主创Dan Fogelman在推特线上问答中透露，这一季讲会提到新冠疫情： “This moment in time that we find ourselves in is something different [than what we’ve experienced before], and if we attack it, we want to attack it the right way. We do feel uniquely suited in our show to mark this moment.” “我们正处在一个前所未有的特殊时刻，如果我们要迎头反击，我们就要用正确的方式。我们认为在剧中记载这一时刻也再合适不过。” 官方海报 来源：豆瓣 11月16日：《王冠》 The Crown 第四季 Season four will feature Gillian Anderson as Margaret Thatcher, and will feature the show’s first major foray into the Charles and Diana of it all. 第四季我们会看到吉莲·安德森饰演的撒切尔夫人，这一季也会首次着墨查尔斯王子和戴安娜王妃的故事。 官方海报 来源：豆瓣 【新剧推荐】 10月24日：《女王的棋局》 The Queen's Gambit Based on the Walter Tevis novel, New Mutants and Emma ’s Anya Taylor-Joy leads the coming-of-age story that explores the true cost of genius against the backdrop of the chess world. 改编自沃尔特·特维斯的同名小说，《新变种人》和《爱玛》的女星安雅·泰勒-乔伊领衔主演，这个成长故事探索了在国际象棋界，天才背后真正的代价。 Abandoned and entrusted to a Kentucky orphanage in the late 1950s, Beth Harmon (Taylor-Joy) discovers a talent for chess while developing an addiction to tranquilizers provided by the state as a sedative for the children. Haunted by her personal demons and fueled by a cocktail of narcotics and obsession, Beth transforms into an impressively skilled and glamorous outcast while determined to conquer the traditional boundaries established in the male-dominated world of competitive chess. 20 世纪 50 年代末，年幼的贝丝·哈蒙被遗弃并托付给肯塔基州的一家孤儿院，她具有惊人的国际象棋天赋，同时对政府提供给孩童的镇静剂上瘾。贝丝被自己心中的恶魔所困扰，在毒品和对象棋的痴迷的双重作用下，她变成了一个技艺高超且魅力十足的弃儿，并决心打破男性主导的竞技象棋界建立的传统界限。 官方海报 来源：豆瓣 10月26日： 《无所作为》 The Undoing Nicole Kidman and Hugh Grant are a winning combination in the psychological thriller from David E. Kelley and Susanne Bier. 苏珊娜·比尔和大卫·E·凯利的这部心理惊悚片的神仙阵容是妮可·基德曼和休·格兰特。 Adapted from Jean Hanff Korelitz’s novel, You Should Have Known , the A-listers star as married couple Grace (Kidman) and Jonathan Fraser (Grant), who are are hiding a lot of secrets. A chasm opens in their lives after a violent death and a chain of terrible revelations. 这部剧改编自吉恩·汉夫·科莱茨的小说《你早就该知道》：两位大明星饰演格蕾丝·弗雷泽和乔纳森·弗雷泽夫妇，他们背后隐藏着许多秘密……一宗凶杀案和一连串可怕事实的揭露使得他们的生活出现了裂痕。 官方海报 来源：豆瓣 10月31日：《真相探寻者》 Truth Seekers A team of part-time paranormal investigators use homemade gizmos to track the supernatural, sharing their adventures online. As their haunted stake outs become more terrifying they begin to uncover an unimaginable, apocalyptic conspiracy. 一个兼职的超自然事件调查小组使用自制的小发明探寻灵异事件，并在网上分享他们的奇妙冒险经历。随着他们遭遇的灵异事件越来越恐怖，他们正在解开一个惊天的末日阴谋。 官方海报 来源：豆瓣 当然还有很多秋季档在播和即将播出的新剧，你们最近在追哪一部？最期待哪一部？ 作者：KoKo 来源：沪江英语微信公众号（hjenglish）

This Is Us “This moment in time that we find ourselves in is something different [than what we’ve experienced before], and if we attack it, we want to attack it the right way. We do feel uniquely suited in our show to mark this moment.” The Crown Season four will feature Gillian Anderson as Margaret Thatcher, and will feature the show’s first major foray into the Charles and Diana of it all. The Queen's Gambit Based on the Walter Tevis novel, New Mutants and Emma ’s Anya Taylor-Joy leads the coming-of-age story that explores the true cost of genius against the backdrop of the chess world. Abandoned and entrusted to a Kentucky orphanage in the late 1950s, Beth Harmon (Taylor-Joy) discovers a talent for chess while developing an addiction to tranquilizers provided by the state as a sedative for the children. Haunted by her personal demons and fueled by a cocktail of narcotics and obsession, Beth transforms into an impressively skilled and glamorous outcast while determined to conquer the traditional boundaries established in the male-dominated world of competitive chess. The Undoing Nicole Kidman and Hugh Grant are a winning combination in the psychological thriller from David E. Kelley and Susanne Bier. Adapted from Jean Hanff Korelitz’s novel, You Should Have Known , the A-listers star as married couple Grace (Kidman) and Jonathan Fraser (Grant), who are are hiding a lot of secrets. A chasm opens in their lives after a violent death and a chain of terrible revelations. Truth Seekers A team of part-time paranormal investigators use homemade gizmos to track the supernatural, sharing their adventures online. As their haunted stake outs become more terrifying they begin to uncover an unimaginable, apocalyptic conspiracy.

虽然十月已经过去了一半，但英美剧一年中最热闹的秋季档还在如火如荼地更新着。 自九月开始，一众金牌老剧回归的序幕已然拉开，接下来还有一大波新剧来袭，有笑有泪，有惊喜也有惊恐……你准备好了吗？ 【老剧推荐】 10月28日：《我们这一天》 第五季 主创Dan Fogelman在推特线上问答中透露，这一季讲会提到新冠疫情： “我们正处在一个前所未有的特殊时刻，如果我们要迎头反击，我们就要用正确的方式。我们认为在剧中记载这一时刻也再合适不过。” 官方海报 来源：豆瓣 11月16日：《王冠》 第四季 第四季我们会看到吉莲·安德森饰演的撒切尔夫人，这一季也会首次着墨查尔斯王子和戴安娜王妃的故事。 官方海报 来源：豆瓣 【新剧推荐】 10月24日：《女王的棋局》 改编自沃尔特·特维斯的同名小说，《新变种人》和《爱玛》的女星安雅·泰勒-乔伊领衔主演，这个成长故事探索了在国际象棋界，天才背后真正的代价。 20 世纪 50 年代末，年幼的贝丝·哈蒙被遗弃并托付给肯塔基州的一家孤儿院，她具有惊人的国际象棋天赋，同时对政府提供给孩童的镇静剂上瘾。贝丝被自己心中的恶魔所困扰，在毒品和对象棋的痴迷的双重作用下，她变成了一个技艺高超且魅力十足的弃儿，并决心打破男性主导的竞技象棋界建立的传统界限。 官方海报 来源：豆瓣 10月26日： 《无所作为》 苏珊娜·比尔和大卫·E·凯利的这部心理惊悚片的神仙阵容是妮可·基德曼和休·格兰特。 这部剧改编自吉恩·汉夫·科莱茨的小说《你早就该知道》：两位大明星饰演格蕾丝·弗雷泽和乔纳森·弗雷泽夫妇，他们背后隐藏着许多秘密……一宗凶杀案和一连串可怕事实的揭露使得他们的生活出现了裂痕。 官方海报 来源：豆瓣 10月31日：《真相探寻者》 一个兼职的超自然事件调查小组使用自制的小发明探寻灵异事件，并在网上分享他们的奇妙冒险经历。随着他们遭遇的灵异事件越来越恐怖，他们正在解开一个惊天的末日阴谋。 官方海报 来源：豆瓣 当然还有很多秋季档在播和即将播出的新剧，你们最近在追哪一部？最期待哪一部？ 作者：KoKo 来源：沪江英语微信公众号（hjenglish）

一到万圣节，就会有许许多多南瓜被雕成南瓜灯，这些南瓜颜色鲜艳又饱满，不知道吃起来味道怎么样呢？ 实际上，装饰性南瓜和食用南瓜完全是不同的品种，前者是不建议食用的，因为不是很美味，如果真的要吃，那一定要选用没被雕刻过的南瓜。 Photo by Karalina S on Unsplash When people visit their local family-owned pumpkin patch around Halloween, they aren’t usually looking for dinner. The majority of the nearly 2 billion pounds of pumpkins cultivated in the US each year are carved up instead of eaten, making the squash a unique part of the agriculture industry. For people who prefer seasonal recipes to decorations, that may raise a few questions: Are the pumpkins sold for jack-o’-lanterns different from pumpkins sold as food? And are Halloween pumpkins any good to eat? 人们在万圣节前拜访当地的农家自有南瓜地时，他们通常都不是在找吃的。每年美国会产出近20亿磅（约合9亿千克）南瓜，大多数都不是用来吃，而是用来雕成南瓜灯的。这使得南瓜成为美国农业一个独特的组成部分。对于那些偏爱时令美食而不是装饰物的人来说，他们可能会有几个疑问：作为南瓜灯原材料出售的南瓜和作为食物出售的南瓜一样吗？万圣节南瓜的味道好不好？ The pumpkins available at farms and outside supermarkets during October are what most people know, but that’s just one type of pumpkin. Howden pumpkins are the most common decorative pumpkin variety. They’ve been bred specifically for carving into jack-o’-lanterns, with a symmetrical round shape, deep orange color, and sturdy stem that acts as a handle. 十月份在农场和超市外买到的南瓜就是大多数人知道的那种南瓜，但这只是南瓜的一个品种。豪登南瓜是最常见的装饰性南瓜品种。它们是专门为制作南瓜灯而培育的，形状是对称的圆形、颜色是深桔黄色，粗壮的根茎可以用来做把手。 Because they’re bred to be decoration first, carving pumpkins don’t taste very good. They have walls that are thin enough to poke a cheap knife through and a texture that’s unappealing compared to the squashes consumers are used to eating. “Uncut carving pumpkins are safe to eat; however, it's not the best type to use for cooking,” Daria McKelvey, a supervisor for the Kemper Center for Home Gardening at the Missouri Botanical Garden, tells Mental Floss. “Carving pumpkins are grown for their large size, not the flavor. Their flesh can be bland and the fibers are very stringy.” 因为这种雕刻南瓜首先是用来做装饰物，因此味道不是特别好。它们的南瓜壁足够薄，廉价的小刀也可以轻易地插进去，它们的质地相比消费者常吃的那种南瓜来说也更不讨喜。密苏里植物园肯珀家庭园艺中心的主管达莉亚·麦凯尔维告诉Mental Floss网站说：“没有动过刀的雕刻南瓜也可以安全食用，但不是上好的食材。种植雕刻南瓜要的是它们的大个头，而不是味道。它们的果肉滋味寡淡，纤维多，口感很粗糙。” stringy[ˈstrɪŋi]:adj. 纤维的；多筋的 To get the best-tasting pumpkins possible this autumn, you’re better off avoiding the seasonal supermarket displays. Many pumpkin varieties are bred especially for cooking and eating. These include Sugar Pie, Kabocha, and Cinderella pumpkins. You can shop for these varieties by name at local farms or in the produce section of your grocery store. They should be easy to tell apart from the carving pumpkins available for Halloween: Unlike decorative pumpkins, cooking pumpkins are small and dense. This is part of the reason they taste better. McKelvey says. “[Cooking pumpkins] are smaller, sweeter, have a thicker rind (meatier), and have less fibers, making them easier to cook with—but not so good for carving.” These pumpkins can be stuffed, blended into soup, or simply roasted. 想要买到今秋最好吃的南瓜，最好避开超市的季节性展销。许多南瓜品种都特别适合烹饪和食用，包括糖馅饼、日本绿皮南瓜、灰姑娘南瓜等品种。你可以在当地农场或食品杂货店的农产品区买到这些品种的南瓜。你应该很容易就能将它们和万圣节的雕刻南瓜区分开来：和装饰性南瓜不同，用于烹饪的南瓜小而紧实。这也是它们更美味的原因之一。麦凯尔维说：“用于烹饪的南瓜更小、更甜、皮更厚更多肉，纤维更少，这也使它们更便于烹饪，但不太适合被雕刻。”这些南瓜可以放入填料、加进汤里，或直接炒着吃。 If you do want to get some culinary use out of your carving pumpkins this Halloween, set aside the seeds when scooping out the guts. Roasted with seasonings and olive oil, seeds (or pepitas) from different pumpkin varieties become a tasty and nutritious snack. Another option is to turn the flesh of your Halloween pumpkin into purée. Adding sugar and spices and baking it into a dessert can do a lot to mask the fruit’s underwhelming flavor and consistency. 今年万圣节如果你实在要把雕刻南瓜做成食物，你可以将瓤掏空后把籽留下。加入佐料和橄榄油一起炒，不同品种的南瓜籽都能成为美味而营养丰富的小吃。另一个办法是将万圣节南瓜的果肉捣成泥，放入糖和调味品，将其烤成一道点心，这种做法可以极大地掩盖南瓜浓厚的味道和粘稠感。 Whatever you do, make sure your pumpkin isn’t carved up already when you decide to cook with it. There are many ways to recycle your jack-o’-lanterns, but turning them into pie isn’t one of them. "If one does plan on cooking with a carving pumpkin, it should be intact,” McKelvey says. “Never use one that's been carved into a jack-o'-lantern, otherwise you could be dealing with bacteria, dirt and dust, and other little critters.” 无论怎么做，你要确保你的南瓜在烹饪前没被动过刀。回收南瓜灯的方法有很多种，但是做成馅饼不是其中一种。麦凯尔维说：“如果有人计划把装饰性南瓜做成菜，南瓜应该是完好无损的。永远不要用一个已经被雕成南瓜灯的南瓜来烹饪，否则你要面对的是细菌、尘土和灰，还有其他微生物。” 英文来源：Mental Floss 翻译&编辑：丹妮

Photo by Karalina S on Unsplash When people visit their local family-owned pumpkin patch around Halloween, they aren’t usually looking for dinner. The majority of the nearly 2 billion pounds of pumpkins cultivated in the US each year are carved up instead of eaten, making the squash a unique part of the agriculture industry. For people who prefer seasonal recipes to decorations, that may raise a few questions: Are the pumpkins sold for jack-o’-lanterns different from pumpkins sold as food? And are Halloween pumpkins any good to eat? The pumpkins available at farms and outside supermarkets during October are what most people know, but that’s just one type of pumpkin. Howden pumpkins are the most common decorative pumpkin variety. They’ve been bred specifically for carving into jack-o’-lanterns, with a symmetrical round shape, deep orange color, and sturdy stem that acts as a handle. Because they’re bred to be decoration first, carving pumpkins don’t taste very good. They have walls that are thin enough to poke a cheap knife through and a texture that’s unappealing compared to the squashes consumers are used to eating. “Uncut carving pumpkins are safe to eat; however, it's not the best type to use for cooking,” Daria McKelvey, a supervisor for the Kemper Center for Home Gardening at the Missouri Botanical Garden, tells Mental Floss. “Carving pumpkins are grown for their large size, not the flavor. Their flesh can be bland and the fibers are very stringy.” To get the best-tasting pumpkins possible this autumn, you’re better off avoiding the seasonal supermarket displays. Many pumpkin varieties are bred especially for cooking and eating. These include Sugar Pie, Kabocha, and Cinderella pumpkins. You can shop for these varieties by name at local farms or in the produce section of your grocery store. They should be easy to tell apart from the carving pumpkins available for Halloween: Unlike decorative pumpkins, cooking pumpkins are small and dense. This is part of the reason they taste better. McKelvey says. “[Cooking pumpkins] are smaller, sweeter, have a thicker rind (meatier), and have less fibers, making them easier to cook with—but not so good for carving.” These pumpkins can be stuffed, blended into soup, or simply roasted. Whatever you do, make sure your pumpkin isn’t carved up already when you decide to cook with it. There are many ways to recycle your jack-o’-lanterns, but turning them into pie isn’t one of them. "If one does plan on cooking with a carving pumpkin, it should be intact,” McKelvey says. “Never use one that's been carved into a jack-o'-lantern, otherwise you could be dealing with bacteria, dirt and dust, and other little critters.”

一到万圣节，就会有许许多多南瓜被雕成南瓜灯，这些南瓜颜色鲜艳又饱满，不知道吃起来味道怎么样呢？ 实际上，装饰性南瓜和食用南瓜完全是不同的品种，前者是不建议食用的，因为不是很美味，如果真的要吃，那一定要选用没被雕刻过的南瓜。 人们在万圣节前拜访当地的农家自有南瓜地时，他们通常都不是在找吃的。每年美国会产出近20亿磅（约合9亿千克）南瓜，大多数都不是用来吃，而是用来雕成南瓜灯的。这使得南瓜成为美国农业一个独特的组成部分。对于那些偏爱时令美食而不是装饰物的人来说，他们可能会有几个疑问：作为南瓜灯原材料出售的南瓜和作为食物出售的南瓜一样吗？万圣节南瓜的味道好不好？ 十月份在农场和超市外买到的南瓜就是大多数人知道的那种南瓜，但这只是南瓜的一个品种。豪登南瓜是最常见的装饰性南瓜品种。它们是专门为制作南瓜灯而培育的，形状是对称的圆形、颜色是深桔黄色，粗壮的根茎可以用来做把手。 因为这种雕刻南瓜首先是用来做装饰物，因此味道不是特别好。它们的南瓜壁足够薄，廉价的小刀也可以轻易地插进去，它们的质地相比消费者常吃的那种南瓜来说也更不讨喜。密苏里植物园肯珀家庭园艺中心的主管达莉亚·麦凯尔维告诉Mental Floss网站说：“没有动过刀的雕刻南瓜也可以安全食用，但不是上好的食材。种植雕刻南瓜要的是它们的大个头，而不是味道。它们的果肉滋味寡淡，纤维多，口感很粗糙。” stringy[ˈstrɪŋi]:adj. 纤维的；多筋的 想要买到今秋最好吃的南瓜，最好避开超市的季节性展销。许多南瓜品种都特别适合烹饪和食用，包括糖馅饼、日本绿皮南瓜、灰姑娘南瓜等品种。你可以在当地农场或食品杂货店的农产品区买到这些品种的南瓜。你应该很容易就能将它们和万圣节的雕刻南瓜区分开来：和装饰性南瓜不同，用于烹饪的南瓜小而紧实。这也是它们更美味的原因之一。麦凯尔维说：“用于烹饪的南瓜更小、更甜、皮更厚更多肉，纤维更少，这也使它们更便于烹饪，但不太适合被雕刻。”这些南瓜可以放入填料、加进汤里，或直接炒着吃。 If you do want to get some culinary use out of your carving pumpkins this Halloween, set aside the seeds when scooping out the guts. Roasted with seasonings and olive oil, seeds (or pepitas) from different pumpkin varieties become a tasty and nutritious snack. Another option is to turn the flesh of your Halloween pumpkin into purée. Adding sugar and spices and baking it into a dessert can do a lot to mask the fruit’s underwhelming flavor and consistency. 今年万圣节如果你实在要把雕刻南瓜做成食物，你可以将瓤掏空后把籽留下。加入佐料和橄榄油一起炒，不同品种的南瓜籽都能成为美味而营养丰富的小吃。另一个办法是将万圣节南瓜的果肉捣成泥，放入糖和调味品，将其烤成一道点心，这种做法可以极大地掩盖南瓜浓厚的味道和粘稠感。 无论怎么做，你要确保你的南瓜在烹饪前没被动过刀。回收南瓜灯的方法有很多种，但是做成馅饼不是其中一种。麦凯尔维说：“如果有人计划把装饰性南瓜做成菜，南瓜应该是完好无损的。永远不要用一个已经被雕成南瓜灯的南瓜来烹饪，否则你要面对的是细菌、尘土和灰，还有其他微生物。” 英文来源：Mental Floss 翻译&编辑：丹妮

10月是诺贝尔奖的颁奖月，物理学、化学、以及文学奖都有女性获奖者的身影。 她们的科学或文学成就已经有非常多解读了。今天，双语君带你听一听她们的成长与态度。 David Haviland, member of the Nobel Committee for Physics and Secretary General of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences Goran K. Hansson announce the winners of the 2020 Nobel Prize in Physics presented on the screen: Roger Penrose, Reinhard Genzel and Andrea Ghez during a news conference at the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, in Stockholm, Sweden Oct 6, 2020. [Photo/Agencies] Andrea M. Ghez 物理学 今年诺贝尔物理学奖有三位得主，他们都因为在黑洞领域的研究而获得了该奖。 Three scientists won this year’s Nobel Prize in physics Tuesday for advancing our understanding of black holes, the all-consuming monsters that lurk in the darkest parts of the universe. 三位科学家于周二获得了今年的诺贝尔物理学奖，奖励他们增进了我们对黑洞的理解——黑洞是潜伏在宇宙最黑暗部分的一种吸收一切的怪物。 其中，女科学家Andrea Ghez于1987年从麻省理工学院本科毕业，之后又在1992年从加州理工学院获得了博士学位。她是因为观测银河系中心的黑洞而与研究同事共享了奖项。 她年幼时因为目睹了NASA的阿波罗探月发射计划，再加上基础教育时期碰到了非常有模范作用的老师，激起了她对于数学和科学的热情。 One of them was high school chemistry teacher Judith Keane, who recalled Ghez as an “exceptionally brilliant student.” “I am especially proud that Andrea continues to take such a strong interest in teaching and mentoring her own students, especially the girls.” said Keane, 80. 其中一位是高中化学老师朱迪思·基恩，她回忆起盖兹是一个“非常出色的学生”，“我特别自豪的是，安德烈娅继续对自己的学生，特别是女孩们的教学和指导产生如此强烈的兴趣。”80岁的基恩说。 In a 2006 interview with PBS, Ghez said of Keane: “She was one of the only female science teachers I ever had, and she was incredibly encouraging. I think it was important for me to see, very early on, a woman in this role.” 在2006年接受美国公共广播公司（PBS）采访时，盖兹谈到基恩时说：“她是我见过的唯一一位女性科学教师，难以想象她当时那么鼓励我。我认为在少时能看到一位女性承担鼓励科学的角色对我来说很重要。” 她的公开发言十分有趣。谈到如何解释黑洞给公众听，她也表示挠头。 We have this interesting problem with black holes. What is a black hole? It is a region of space where you have mass that's confined to zero volume, which means that the density is infinitely large, which means we have no way of describing, really, what a black hole is! 黑洞这个问题就很有趣。什么是黑洞？是一个空间区域，其中质量被限制在零体积，这意味着密度是无限大的，同时也意味着我们真的没办法描述黑洞是什么！ 聊到科学研究的趣味，她认为就是不断地提出问题然后在探索过程中发现新的问题。迎难而上是她的态度。 The question that I started off with was, I thought, very simple. It was just 'Is there a massive black hole at the center of the Milky Way?' But one of the things I love about science is that you always end up with new questions. “Black holes, because they are so hard to understand, is what makes them so appealing,’’ Ghez told The Associated Press. “I really think of science as a big, giant puzzle.” 我开始的问题，我想非常简单，就是“银河系中心有没有一个巨大的黑洞？”但我喜欢科学的一点就是你总是以新问题告终。“因为黑洞很难理解，所以它们才如此吸引人。我真的认为科学是一个巨大的谜题。” 盖兹接受美联社采访时说。 令人惊讶的还有，Ghez是有史以来第四位获得诺贝尔物理学奖的女性。1903年第一次获得该奖的是大名鼎鼎的居里夫人。 Ghez is the fourth woman to be awarded the Nobel Prize for physics, after Marie Curie in 1903, Maria Goeppert-Mayer in 1963, and Donna Strickland in 2018. 我开始的问题，我想非常简单，就是“银河系中心有没有一个巨大的黑洞？”但我喜欢科学的一点就是你总是以新问题告终。“因为黑洞很难理解，所以它们才如此吸引人。我真的认为科学是一个巨大的谜题。” 盖兹接受美联社采访时说。 当然，她也希望自己能够激励年轻一代的科研女孩——科研乐趣无穷，诸事等你完成。 Ghez is the fourth woman to be awarded the Nobel Prize for physics, after Marie Curie in 1903, Maria Goeppert-Mayer in 1963, and Donna Strickland in 2018. 盖兹表示：“我希望我能激励其他年轻女性进入这个领域。这是一个有很多乐趣的领域。如果你对科学充满热情，你可以做很多事情。” Pictures of Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer A. Doudna, winners of the 2020 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, are displayed on a screen during the news conference announcing the laureates, at the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, in Stockholm, Sweden, October 7, 2020. [Photo/Agencies] Jennifer Doudna, Emmanuelle Charpentier 化学 今年的诺贝尔化学奖得主是两位女性Jennifer Doudna和Emmanuelle Charpentier，她们因为在基因编辑领域的技术突破而获奖。 Biochemist Jennifer Doudna won the 2020 Nobel Prize in chemistry, sharing it with colleague Emmanuelle Charpentier for the co-development of CRISPR-Cas9, a genome editing breakthrough that has revolutionized biomedicine. Charpentier, 51, and Doudna, 56, are just the sixth and seventh women to receive the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. 生物化学家詹妮弗·杜德纳与同事埃马纽埃尔·卡彭蒂耶一起获得了2020年诺贝尔化学奖，她们共同开发了CRISPR-Cas9，这是一项基因组编辑方面的突破性进展，它使得生物医学发生了革命性的变化。51岁的卡彭蒂耶和56岁的杜德纳分别是第六和第七位获得诺贝尔化学奖的女性。 Doudna出生于华盛顿特区，却在夏威夷长大，高中的时候就展露了对化学的浓厚兴趣。本科学校不算大名鼎鼎，但优秀的她获得了哈佛大学医学院的进修机会并于1989年获得了博士学位。毕业后先是在耶鲁大学任教，2002年就去到了现在的大学——加州大学伯克利分校。 Doudna lives in Berkeley with her husband, Jamie Cate, a UC Berkeley professor of molecular and cell biology, and their son, Andrew. 杜德纳和她的丈夫Jamie Cate（加州大学伯克利分校的分子和细胞生物学教授）以及他们的儿子安德鲁住在伯克利。 有趣的是，诺奖宣布结果的时候，Doudna正在睡觉，凌晨被电话吵醒的她甚至以为是别人获了奖。 UC Berkeley校园新闻团队于诺奖结果宣布后的两小时之后抵达了Doudna的住处，在他们的镜头中，早上5:15分Doudna接听了友人的电话，对方恭喜了她，以下是他们的对话： BOB: Jennifer 鲍：詹妮弗 DOUDNA: Bob, Good morning. 杜：鲍勃，早上好。 BOB: Good morning, congratulations! 鲍：早上好，恭喜！ DOUDNA: Thank you so much! 杜：谢谢你！ BOB: When did you find out about this thing? 鲍：你什么时候知道结果的？ DOUDNA: Well, uh, about 2:53. I think it was the moment because I was literally sound asleep, and the phone rang. I saw it was a reporter who I know, you know, I picked it up and she said “Hi, this is Heidi, calling from Nature, I wanted to get some comments on the Nobel.” And I thought she was calling to ask me to comment on somebody else wining the Nobel. So I, and I was, you know, just really dead asleep. And I said oh Heidi, gosh, I haven’t even had time to look at anything yet and she said oh my gosh you don’t know. And I said “know what?” And she said “you won the Nobel Prize!” 杜：呃，应该是2:53.我觉得是这个时间，因为我真的睡得很熟，然后电话就响了。我看到是我认识的一个记者，然后我就接了电话，她说“你好，我是《自然》杂志的海蒂，我想请你对诺奖的颁发发表下看法。”我以为她是打电话来叫我评论下别的候选人获奖的事情。所以我，你懂的，我实在睡太熟了。我说“噢海蒂啊，天呐，我还没找着时间看点东西做些功课呢。”然后她说“天呐你居然不知道？”我说“知道什么？”然后她说“你得诺贝尔奖啦！” BOB: What did you think about this? What’s the significance? This is the first Nobel Prize given only to women. 鲍：你觉得这件事，这个重要性，这是诺贝尔化学奖第一次颁发给全部是女性的获奖者，你怎么看？ DOUDNA: Is that true? 杜：真的吗？ BOB: yes. 鲍：是啊。 DOUDNA: Ever? 杜：有史以来？ BOB: Ever. 鲍：有史以来。 DOUDNA: Ever? (giggle) My feeling is that I think among women and girls that … you know, sometimes there’s a sense that no matter what they do, that their work will not be recognized the way it would be if they were a man. And um, and I just, I hope that this prize and this recognition changes that at least a little bit. 杜：从未有过？（笑）我觉得女人也好女孩儿也罢，你懂的，有时候就是觉得不管她们怎么努力，她们的成果都不会像男性那样获得认可。我希望这个奖和这份认可能够改变这个现状，哪怕改变一点点。 Doudna说自己在求学路上曾是那种别人眼中的异类(outcast)，遭受排挤。 I was kind of a nerdy, geeky type. And I loved math. People teased me about it. I felt pretty much like an outcast. [And I think] one of the problems in the biotech world is the lack of women in leadership roles, and I'd like to see that change by walking the walk. 我曾经是那种很书呆子，很极客的那种人。我又很喜欢数学。然后有人就取笑我。我觉得自己老是遭受排挤。[我认为]生物技术领域的众多问题之一就是领导层缺乏女性，而且我乐于身体力行让改变发生。 Doudna在接受《国家地理》杂志采访时被问到： What advice would you give to young women today? 有什么建议给到今天的年轻女性？ 她回答说： First: walk into a room like you own the place. A man would do that without com-punction. The other thing I tell them is to choose your life partner wisely. Having a part¬ner in life who is supportive of you—of deci¬sions about children, about careers, about lifestyle—goes a long way in enabling women to achieve their full potential. 第一：走进房间时要觉得你是房间的主角，一个男的可以毫无内疚的做到这一点。另外我还想告诉她们，选择伴侣时要带脑子。有一个支持你的伴侣——无论是支持你的生育决定、事业选择、还是生活方式等等——都会非常大程度地帮助到女性开发自己的潜能。 与Doudna分享奖项的Charpentier在接受采访时也传递了类似的鼓励信息： Charpentier told the news conference by phone that she hopes the prize encourages girls to pursue science. “I wish that this will provide a positive message … to show them in principle woman in science can also be awarded prizes but more importantly, women in science can also have an impact for the research they’re performing,” she said. 卡彭蒂耶在电话发布会上说，她希望这个奖项能鼓励女孩们追求科学。她说：“我希望这将提供一个积极的信息……向她们表明，理论上，科学界的女性也可以获得奖项，但更重要的是，科学界的女性也可以对她们正在进行的研究产生影响”。 另外，文学奖的获奖者也是一名女性——美国诗人Louise Glück. The poet Louise Glück has become the first American woman to win the Nobel prize for literature in 27 years. Glück, cited for “her unmistakable poetic voice that with austere beauty makes individual existence universal”, is the 16th woman to win the Nobel. 诗人露易丝·格丽克成为27年来首位获得诺贝尔文学奖的美国女性。她也是第16位获得诺贝尔文学奖的女性，诺奖委员会称她以“朴实无华的诗意之声，让个体的存在普世化”。 今年无疑是女性获奖者的大年。 但，埋藏在科学探索披荆斩棘之下的源源动力，一定是自然的魅力本身。 正如今年因基因编辑技术而获奖的诺贝尔化学奖得主Doudna所说的那句： The idea that you would affect evolution is a very profound thing. 一想到你可能会影响[生物]演化进程就感到十分意义重大。 巨人在前，等你跃肩。 Note lurk [lɜːrk] v 埋伏，潜伏 volume [ˈvɒljuːm] n 体积；容积；容量 genome [ˈdʒiːnoʊm] n 基因组；染色体组 outcast [ˈaʊtkæst] n 被抛弃者；被排斥者 编辑：李雪晴 左卓 参考来源：TIME; University of Chicago; Brainy Quote; Berkeley News; National Geographic; France 24; Associated Press; NBC News; The Guardian

David Haviland, member of the Nobel Committee for Physics and Secretary General of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences Goran K. Hansson announce the winners of the 2020 Nobel Prize in Physics presented on the screen: Roger Penrose, Reinhard Genzel and Andrea Ghez during a news conference at the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, in Stockholm, Sweden Oct 6, 2020. [Photo/Agencies] Andrea M. Ghez Three scientists won this year’s Nobel Prize in physics Tuesday for advancing our understanding of black holes, the all-consuming monsters that lurk in the darkest parts of the universe. One of them was high school chemistry teacher Judith Keane, who recalled Ghez as an “exceptionally brilliant student.” “I am especially proud that Andrea continues to take such a strong interest in teaching and mentoring her own students, especially the girls.” said Keane, 80. In a 2006 interview with PBS, Ghez said of Keane: “She was one of the only female science teachers I ever had, and she was incredibly encouraging. I think it was important for me to see, very early on, a woman in this role.” We have this interesting problem with black holes. What is a black hole? It is a region of space where you have mass that's confined to zero volume, which means that the density is infinitely large, which means we have no way of describing, really, what a black hole is! The question that I started off with was, I thought, very simple. It was just 'Is there a massive black hole at the center of the Milky Way?' But one of the things I love about science is that you always end up with new questions. “Black holes, because they are so hard to understand, is what makes them so appealing,’’ Ghez told The Associated Press. “I really think of science as a big, giant puzzle.” Ghez is the fourth woman to be awarded the Nobel Prize for physics, after Marie Curie in 1903, Maria Goeppert-Mayer in 1963, and Donna Strickland in 2018. Ghez is the fourth woman to be awarded the Nobel Prize for physics, after Marie Curie in 1903, Maria Goeppert-Mayer in 1963, and Donna Strickland in 2018. Pictures of Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer A. Doudna, winners of the 2020 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, are displayed on a screen during the news conference announcing the laureates, at the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, in Stockholm, Sweden, October 7, 2020. [Photo/Agencies] Jennifer Doudna, Emmanuelle Charpentier Biochemist Jennifer Doudna won the 2020 Nobel Prize in chemistry, sharing it with colleague Emmanuelle Charpentier for the co-development of CRISPR-Cas9, a genome editing breakthrough that has revolutionized biomedicine. Charpentier, 51, and Doudna, 56, are just the sixth and seventh women to receive the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. Doudna lives in Berkeley with her husband, Jamie Cate, a UC Berkeley professor of molecular and cell biology, and their son, Andrew. BOB: Jennifer DOUDNA: Bob, Good morning. BOB: Good morning, congratulations! DOUDNA: Thank you so much! BOB: When did you find out about this thing? DOUDNA: Well, uh, about 2:53. I think it was the moment because I was literally sound asleep, and the phone rang. I saw it was a reporter who I know, you know, I picked it up and she said “Hi, this is Heidi, calling from Nature, I wanted to get some comments on the Nobel.” And I thought she was calling to ask me to comment on somebody else wining the Nobel. So I, and I was, you know, just really dead asleep. And I said oh Heidi, gosh, I haven’t even had time to look at anything yet and she said oh my gosh you don’t know. And I said “know what?” And she said “you won the Nobel Prize!” BOB: What did you think about this? What’s the significance? This is the first Nobel Prize given only to women. DOUDNA: Is that true? BOB: yes. DOUDNA: Ever? BOB: Ever. DOUDNA: Ever? (giggle) My feeling is that I think among women and girls that … you know, sometimes there’s a sense that no matter what they do, that their work will not be recognized the way it would be if they were a man. And um, and I just, I hope that this prize and this recognition changes that at least a little bit. I was kind of a nerdy, geeky type. And I loved math. People teased me about it. I felt pretty much like an outcast. [And I think] one of the problems in the biotech world is the lack of women in leadership roles, and I'd like to see that change by walking the walk. What advice would you give to young women today? First: walk into a room like you own the place. A man would do that without com-punction. The other thing I tell them is to choose your life partner wisely. Having a part¬ner in life who is supportive of you—of deci¬sions about children, about careers, about lifestyle—goes a long way in enabling women to achieve their full potential. Charpentier told the news conference by phone that she hopes the prize encourages girls to pursue science. “I wish that this will provide a positive message … to show them in principle woman in science can also be awarded prizes but more importantly, women in science can also have an impact for the research they’re performing,” she said. The idea that you would affect evolution is a very profound thing. Note

10月是诺贝尔奖的颁奖月，物理学、化学、以及文学奖都有女性获奖者的身影。 她们的科学或文学成就已经有非常多解读了。今天，双语君带你听一听她们的成长与态度。 物理学 今年诺贝尔物理学奖有三位得主，他们都因为在黑洞领域的研究而获得了该奖。 三位科学家于周二获得了今年的诺贝尔物理学奖，奖励他们增进了我们对黑洞的理解——黑洞是潜伏在宇宙最黑暗部分的一种吸收一切的怪物。 其中，女科学家Andrea Ghez于1987年从麻省理工学院本科毕业，之后又在1992年从加州理工学院获得了博士学位。她是因为观测银河系中心的黑洞而与研究同事共享了奖项。 她年幼时因为目睹了NASA的阿波罗探月发射计划，再加上基础教育时期碰到了非常有模范作用的老师，激起了她对于数学和科学的热情。 其中一位是高中化学老师朱迪思·基恩，她回忆起盖兹是一个“非常出色的学生”，“我特别自豪的是，安德烈娅继续对自己的学生，特别是女孩们的教学和指导产生如此强烈的兴趣。”80岁的基恩说。 在2006年接受美国公共广播公司（PBS）采访时，盖兹谈到基恩时说：“她是我见过的唯一一位女性科学教师，难以想象她当时那么鼓励我。我认为在少时能看到一位女性承担鼓励科学的角色对我来说很重要。” 她的公开发言十分有趣。谈到如何解释黑洞给公众听，她也表示挠头。 黑洞这个问题就很有趣。什么是黑洞？是一个空间区域，其中质量被限制在零体积，这意味着密度是无限大的，同时也意味着我们真的没办法描述黑洞是什么！ 聊到科学研究的趣味，她认为就是不断地提出问题然后在探索过程中发现新的问题。迎难而上是她的态度。 我开始的问题，我想非常简单，就是“银河系中心有没有一个巨大的黑洞？”但我喜欢科学的一点就是你总是以新问题告终。“因为黑洞很难理解，所以它们才如此吸引人。我真的认为科学是一个巨大的谜题。” 盖兹接受美联社采访时说。 令人惊讶的还有，Ghez是有史以来第四位获得诺贝尔物理学奖的女性。1903年第一次获得该奖的是大名鼎鼎的居里夫人。 我开始的问题，我想非常简单，就是“银河系中心有没有一个巨大的黑洞？”但我喜欢科学的一点就是你总是以新问题告终。“因为黑洞很难理解，所以它们才如此吸引人。我真的认为科学是一个巨大的谜题。” 盖兹接受美联社采访时说。 当然，她也希望自己能够激励年轻一代的科研女孩——科研乐趣无穷，诸事等你完成。 盖兹表示：“我希望我能激励其他年轻女性进入这个领域。这是一个有很多乐趣的领域。如果你对科学充满热情，你可以做很多事情。” 化学 今年的诺贝尔化学奖得主是两位女性Jennifer Doudna和Emmanuelle Charpentier，她们因为在基因编辑领域的技术突破而获奖。 生物化学家詹妮弗·杜德纳与同事埃马纽埃尔·卡彭蒂耶一起获得了2020年诺贝尔化学奖，她们共同开发了CRISPR-Cas9，这是一项基因组编辑方面的突破性进展，它使得生物医学发生了革命性的变化。51岁的卡彭蒂耶和56岁的杜德纳分别是第六和第七位获得诺贝尔化学奖的女性。 Doudna出生于华盛顿特区，却在夏威夷长大，高中的时候就展露了对化学的浓厚兴趣。本科学校不算大名鼎鼎，但优秀的她获得了哈佛大学医学院的进修机会并于1989年获得了博士学位。毕业后先是在耶鲁大学任教，2002年就去到了现在的大学——加州大学伯克利分校。 杜德纳和她的丈夫Jamie Cate（加州大学伯克利分校的分子和细胞生物学教授）以及他们的儿子安德鲁住在伯克利。 有趣的是，诺奖宣布结果的时候，Doudna正在睡觉，凌晨被电话吵醒的她甚至以为是别人获了奖。 UC Berkeley校园新闻团队于诺奖结果宣布后的两小时之后抵达了Doudna的住处，在他们的镜头中，早上5:15分Doudna接听了友人的电话，对方恭喜了她，以下是他们的对话： 鲍：詹妮弗 杜：鲍勃，早上好。 鲍：早上好，恭喜！ 杜：谢谢你！ 鲍：你什么时候知道结果的？ 杜：呃，应该是2:53.我觉得是这个时间，因为我真的睡得很熟，然后电话就响了。我看到是我认识的一个记者，然后我就接了电话，她说“你好，我是《自然》杂志的海蒂，我想请你对诺奖的颁发发表下看法。”我以为她是打电话来叫我评论下别的候选人获奖的事情。所以我，你懂的，我实在睡太熟了。我说“噢海蒂啊，天呐，我还没找着时间看点东西做些功课呢。”然后她说“天呐你居然不知道？”我说“知道什么？”然后她说“你得诺贝尔奖啦！” 鲍：你觉得这件事，这个重要性，这是诺贝尔化学奖第一次颁发给全部是女性的获奖者，你怎么看？ 杜：真的吗？ 鲍：是啊。 杜：有史以来？ 鲍：有史以来。 杜：从未有过？（笑）我觉得女人也好女孩儿也罢，你懂的，有时候就是觉得不管她们怎么努力，她们的成果都不会像男性那样获得认可。我希望这个奖和这份认可能够改变这个现状，哪怕改变一点点。 Doudna说自己在求学路上曾是那种别人眼中的异类(outcast)，遭受排挤。 我曾经是那种很书呆子，很极客的那种人。我又很喜欢数学。然后有人就取笑我。我觉得自己老是遭受排挤。[我认为]生物技术领域的众多问题之一就是领导层缺乏女性，而且我乐于身体力行让改变发生。 Doudna在接受《国家地理》杂志采访时被问到： 有什么建议给到今天的年轻女性？ 她回答说： 第一：走进房间时要觉得你是房间的主角，一个男的可以毫无内疚的做到这一点。另外我还想告诉她们，选择伴侣时要带脑子。有一个支持你的伴侣——无论是支持你的生育决定、事业选择、还是生活方式等等——都会非常大程度地帮助到女性开发自己的潜能。 与Doudna分享奖项的Charpentier在接受采访时也传递了类似的鼓励信息： 卡彭蒂耶在电话发布会上说，她希望这个奖项能鼓励女孩们追求科学。她说：“我希望这将提供一个积极的信息……向她们表明，理论上，科学界的女性也可以获得奖项，但更重要的是，科学界的女性也可以对她们正在进行的研究产生影响”。 另外，文学奖的获奖者也是一名女性——美国诗人Louise Glück. The poet Louise Glück has become the first American woman to win the Nobel prize for literature in 27 years. Glück, cited for “her unmistakable poetic voice that with austere beauty makes individual existence universal”, is the 16th woman to win the Nobel. 诗人露易丝·格丽克成为27年来首位获得诺贝尔文学奖的美国女性。她也是第16位获得诺贝尔文学奖的女性，诺奖委员会称她以“朴实无华的诗意之声，让个体的存在普世化”。 今年无疑是女性获奖者的大年。 但，埋藏在科学探索披荆斩棘之下的源源动力，一定是自然的魅力本身。 正如今年因基因编辑技术而获奖的诺贝尔化学奖得主Doudna所说的那句： 一想到你可能会影响[生物]演化进程就感到十分意义重大。 巨人在前，等你跃肩。 lurk [lɜːrk] v 埋伏，潜伏 volume [ˈvɒljuːm] n 体积；容积；容量 genome [ˈdʒiːnoʊm] n 基因组；染色体组 outcast [ˈaʊtkæst] n 被抛弃者；被排斥者 编辑：李雪晴 左卓 参考来源：TIME; University of Chicago; Brainy Quote; Berkeley News; National Geographic; France 24; Associated Press; NBC News; The Guardian

Embed Video 真正的名媛是什么样呢？这段近百年前三位女性的珍贵留影，也许能给你答案。 这则珍贵视频拍摄于1929年，来自美国南卡罗来纳大学（University of South Carolina）的动态影像研究数据库（Moving Image Research Collections）。 三位民国小姐姐面对镜头从容大方，分别用汉、英、粤语描述自己的发型和妆容，让人感到十分亲切自然。 看完这段影像，人们纷纷赞叹她们端庄优雅的谈吐和气质。同时，中间这位女子的英语更是讲究！ 下面，双语君（微信ID：Chinadaily_Mobile）带大家一一赏析： Since bobbed hair came into fashion, we often have it curled and marcelled. 自打波波头开始流行后，我们就经常把短发烫成波浪卷。 ✤ bobbed hair n. 波波头 ✤ marcel [mɑː'sel] vt. 把……烫成波浪形 The Marcel Wave是一种上世纪20年代流行的波浪发型，这种效果是将头发缠绕在烧热的铁棒（heated curling irons）上制造出来的。该技术由法国理发师Francois Marcel在1872年发明。 ✤ have it curled and marceled 语法知识来了，have something done的句型了解一下：使某事物被以某种方式处理。这里指把头发烫卷。 Jade earrings are exceedingly popular, and we often have brooches and dinner rings to match. 翡翠耳环非常流行，我们还经常佩戴胸针和宝石戒指来搭配。 ✤ jade [dʒeɪd] n. 翡翠，玉 ✤ exceedingly [ɪk'siːdɪŋlɪ] adv. 非常；极其 ✤ brooch [brəʊtʃ] n. （女用的）胸针，领针 ✤ dinner ring n. （在正式社交场合戴的）硕大宴会戒指，戒面很大的戒指 ✤ match [mætʃ] vt. 使相配；相配 match是大家熟知的常用词，“相配”这一地道用法大家可以学起来。如： The skirt matches the jacket perfectly. 这条短裙和上衣很相配。 How to dress one's hair is also a problem for the Chinese ladies. Some of us have remained loyal to the lovely sleek Chinese coiffure, but others have been won over by the modern bob. We have each solved the problem in a different way. 梳怎样的发型对于中国女性来说同样是一个难题。有些人仍然保持着顺滑靓丽的中国传统发型，而另一些人则爱上了当代的波波头。我们三个分别以不同的方式解决了这个问题。 ✤ dress one's hair 梳理头发 把头发打理成漂漂亮亮的发型，戴上好看的配饰，这些动作都可以用dress这个动词哦。 ✤ sleek：（头发）油亮光滑的，有光泽的 ✤ coiffure [kwɑː'fjʊə] n. 发型；头饰 其他表示发型的英文单词还有：hairstyle; hairdo ✤ remain loyal to 忠于 ✤ be won over by 被吸引征服 可以看出这位小姐姐使用的英文表达非常丰富，对于“有人喜欢传统发型，有人喜欢当代发型”这种简单的意思，她能用各种地道表达让句子丰富多样起来。雅思口语8分没跑了。 She says, I prefer to keep my hair long, and dress it in a truly Chinese way, with a flower at the side. The earrings and buttons of her coat match, and are richly jeweled. 她说，我更喜欢我的长头发，梳成中国式样的，侧边可以戴花，耳环子和铜纽子相映衬，全是宝石镶的。 ✤ jewel ['dʒuəl] vt. 以宝石装饰；镶以宝石 为翻译出“镶了很多宝石”的意思，小姐姐用了一个很高级的表达，be richly jeweled。 英文中很多名词都可以灵活用作动词。这一用法使句子更加形象生动。 类似的词还有： Don't baby your child. 不要娇惯孩子。 The escaped prisoner was cornered at last. 逃犯最后走投无路了。 He is vacationing in the countryside. 他正在乡村度假。 ✤ at the side 在一边 I find the softly curled bob more becoming to me. The long pearl and jade earrings lend an oriental touch to the latest style of hair dress. 我发现这款微卷波波头很适合我。玉和珍珠制成的耳环，为时下流行的发型添加了一抹东方特色。 ✤ becoming to someone 适合、配衬某人 That long skirt is very becoming to her. 她穿那条长裙子很合适。 ✤ lend an oriental touch to 这也是一个非常好的表达。这里的touch做名词用，有手法、风格、技巧之意。如： The room was decorated with a very artistic touch. 房间装饰得很有艺术气息。 lend to在这句中可以理解为给某物增添或渲染上某种气氛。 例句： A fire lends warmth to the room. 炉火使屋子很暖和。 九十多年前这几位小姐姐的气质和口才，有没有惊艳到你？ 编辑：左卓 陈月华 实习生：宋安康 参考：新周刊 Visforvintage wikipedia 视频字幕：谷大白话

Embed Video Since bobbed hair came into fashion, we often have it curled and marcelled. ✤ have it curled and marceled Jade earrings are exceedingly popular, and we often have brooches and dinner rings to match. The skirt matches the jacket perfectly. How to dress one's hair is also a problem for the Chinese ladies. Some of us have remained loyal to the lovely sleek Chinese coiffure, but others have been won over by the modern bob. We have each solved the problem in a different way. She says, I prefer to keep my hair long, and dress it in a truly Chinese way, with a flower at the side. The earrings and buttons of her coat match, and are richly jeweled. Don't baby your child. The escaped prisoner was cornered at last. He is vacationing in the countryside. I find the softly curled bob more becoming to me. The long pearl and jade earrings lend an oriental touch to the latest style of hair dress. That long skirt is very becoming to her. ✤ lend an oriental touch to The room was decorated with a very artistic touch. A fire lends warmth to the room.

真正的名媛是什么样呢？这段近百年前三位女性的珍贵留影，也许能给你答案。 这则珍贵视频拍摄于1929年，来自美国南卡罗来纳大学（University of South Carolina）的动态影像研究数据库（Moving Image Research Collections）。 三位民国小姐姐面对镜头从容大方，分别用汉、英、粤语描述自己的发型和妆容，让人感到十分亲切自然。 看完这段影像，人们纷纷赞叹她们端庄优雅的谈吐和气质。同时，中间这位女子的英语更是讲究！ 下面，双语君（微信ID：Chinadaily_Mobile）带大家一一赏析： 自打波波头开始流行后，我们就经常把短发烫成波浪卷。 ✤ bobbed hair n. 波波头 ✤ marcel [mɑː'sel] vt. 把……烫成波浪形 The Marcel Wave是一种上世纪20年代流行的波浪发型，这种效果是将头发缠绕在烧热的铁棒（heated curling irons）上制造出来的。该技术由法国理发师Francois Marcel在1872年发明。 语法知识来了，have something done的句型了解一下：使某事物被以某种方式处理。这里指把头发烫卷。 翡翠耳环非常流行，我们还经常佩戴胸针和宝石戒指来搭配。 ✤ jade [dʒeɪd] n. 翡翠，玉 ✤ exceedingly [ɪk'siːdɪŋlɪ] adv. 非常；极其 ✤ brooch [brəʊtʃ] n. （女用的）胸针，领针 ✤ dinner ring n. （在正式社交场合戴的）硕大宴会戒指，戒面很大的戒指 ✤ match [mætʃ] vt. 使相配；相配 match是大家熟知的常用词，“相配”这一地道用法大家可以学起来。如： 这条短裙和上衣很相配。 梳怎样的发型对于中国女性来说同样是一个难题。有些人仍然保持着顺滑靓丽的中国传统发型，而另一些人则爱上了当代的波波头。我们三个分别以不同的方式解决了这个问题。 ✤ dress one's hair 梳理头发 把头发打理成漂漂亮亮的发型，戴上好看的配饰，这些动作都可以用dress这个动词哦。 ✤ sleek：（头发）油亮光滑的，有光泽的 ✤ coiffure [kwɑː'fjʊə] n. 发型；头饰 其他表示发型的英文单词还有：hairstyle; hairdo ✤ remain loyal to 忠于 ✤ be won over by 被吸引征服 可以看出这位小姐姐使用的英文表达非常丰富，对于“有人喜欢传统发型，有人喜欢当代发型”这种简单的意思，她能用各种地道表达让句子丰富多样起来。雅思口语8分没跑了。 她说，我更喜欢我的长头发，梳成中国式样的，侧边可以戴花，耳环子和铜纽子相映衬，全是宝石镶的。 ✤ jewel ['dʒuəl] vt. 以宝石装饰；镶以宝石 为翻译出“镶了很多宝石”的意思，小姐姐用了一个很高级的表达，be richly jeweled。 英文中很多名词都可以灵活用作动词。这一用法使句子更加形象生动。 类似的词还有： 不要娇惯孩子。 逃犯最后走投无路了。 他正在乡村度假。 ✤ at the side 在一边 我发现这款微卷波波头很适合我。玉和珍珠制成的耳环，为时下流行的发型添加了一抹东方特色。 ✤ becoming to someone 适合、配衬某人 她穿那条长裙子很合适。 这也是一个非常好的表达。这里的touch做名词用，有手法、风格、技巧之意。如： 房间装饰得很有艺术气息。 lend to在这句中可以理解为给某物增添或渲染上某种气氛。 例句： 炉火使屋子很暖和。 九十多年前这几位小姐姐的气质和口才，有没有惊艳到你？ 编辑：左卓 陈月华 实习生：宋安康 参考：新周刊 Visforvintage wikipedia 视频字幕：谷大白话

英国牛津大学的科学家研发出一种快速的新冠病毒检测方法，能够在5分钟内识别出新冠病毒，这种方法有望应用于机场和企业的大规模检测。 A man wearing a face mask walks past a security guard at the entrance of Rome's ancient Colosseum in Rome, Italy, on Oct 2, 2020. [Photo/Agencies] Scientists from Britain’s University of Oxford have developed a rapid Covid-19 test able to identify the coronavirus in less than five minutes, researchers said on Thursday, adding it could be used in mass testing at airports and businesses. 研究人员周四（10月15日）表示，英国牛津大学的科学家研发出一种新冠病毒快速检测方法，可在五分钟内识别出新冠病毒。研究人员补充称，这种方法可用于机场和企业的大规模检测。 The university said it hoped to start product development of the testing device in early 2021 and have an approved device available six months afterwards. 牛津大学表示，希望在2021年初开始检测设备的产品开发，并在6个月后推出批准的设备。 The device is able to detect the coronavirus and distinguish it from other viruses with high accuracy, the researchers said. 研究人员称，该设备能够检测新冠病毒，并将其与其他病毒区分开来，精确度很高。 “Our method quickly detects intact virus particles,” said Professor Achilles Kapanidis, at Oxford’s Department of Physics, adding that this meant the test would be “simple, extremely rapid, and cost-effective”. 牛津大学物理系教授阿基里斯·卡帕尼迪斯说：“我们的方法可以快速检测完整的病毒微粒。”他还说，这意味着这种测试“简单、极其快速，而且很划算”。 Rapid antigen tests are seen as key in rolling out mass-testing and re-opening economies while the coronavirus is still circulating, and those that are already in use are faster and cheaper but less accurate than existing molecular PCR tests. 在新冠病毒仍在流行之际，快速抗原检测被视为推出大规模检测和重新开放经济的关键，而且已经在使用的快速检测比现有的分子PCR检测更快速和廉价，但准确性更低。 Siemens Healthineers on Wednesday announced the launch of a rapid antigen test kit in Europe to detect coronavirus infections, but warned that the industry may struggle to meet a surge in demand. 西门子医疗周三（10月14日）宣布，将在欧洲推出一种新冠病毒快速抗原检测试剂盒，但警告称，该行业可能难以满足激增的需求。 Although the Oxford platform will only be ready next year, the tests could help manage the pandemic in time for next winter. Health officials have warned that the world will need to live with coronavirus even if a vaccine is developed. 尽管牛津新推出的检测平台明年才会准备就绪，不过这些检测设备可以帮助在明年冬天及时控制疫情。卫生官员警告说，即使研制出疫苗，世界仍然需要与新冠病毒共存。 “A significant concern for the upcoming winter months is the unpredictable effects of co-circulation of SARS-CoV-2 with other seasonal respiratory viruses,” said Dr Nicole Robb, of Warwick Medical School. 沃里克医学院的尼科尔·罗伯博士说：“新冠病毒和其他季节性呼吸道病毒的共同传播所带来的不可预测的影响是今年冬季的一个重要问题。” “We have shown that our assay (test) can reliably distinguish between different viruses in clinical samples, a development that offers a crucial advantage in the next phase of the pandemic.” “我们已经证明，我们的检测能够可靠地区分临床样本中的不同病毒，这一进展为下一阶段的疫情提供了一个至关重要的优势。” 英文来源：路透社 翻译&编辑：yaning

A man wearing a face mask walks past a security guard at the entrance of Rome's ancient Colosseum in Rome, Italy, on Oct 2, 2020. [Photo/Agencies] Scientists from Britain’s University of Oxford have developed a rapid Covid-19 test able to identify the coronavirus in less than five minutes, researchers said on Thursday, adding it could be used in mass testing at airports and businesses. The university said it hoped to start product development of the testing device in early 2021 and have an approved device available six months afterwards. The device is able to detect the coronavirus and distinguish it from other viruses with high accuracy, the researchers said. “Our method quickly detects intact virus particles,” said Professor Achilles Kapanidis, at Oxford’s Department of Physics, adding that this meant the test would be “simple, extremely rapid, and cost-effective”. Rapid antigen tests are seen as key in rolling out mass-testing and re-opening economies while the coronavirus is still circulating, and those that are already in use are faster and cheaper but less accurate than existing molecular PCR tests. Siemens Healthineers on Wednesday announced the launch of a rapid antigen test kit in Europe to detect coronavirus infections, but warned that the industry may struggle to meet a surge in demand. Although the Oxford platform will only be ready next year, the tests could help manage the pandemic in time for next winter. Health officials have warned that the world will need to live with coronavirus even if a vaccine is developed. “A significant concern for the upcoming winter months is the unpredictable effects of co-circulation of SARS-CoV-2 with other seasonal respiratory viruses,” said Dr Nicole Robb, of Warwick Medical School. “We have shown that our assay (test) can reliably distinguish between different viruses in clinical samples, a development that offers a crucial advantage in the next phase of the pandemic.”

英国牛津大学的科学家研发出一种快速的新冠病毒检测方法，能够在5分钟内识别出新冠病毒，这种方法有望应用于机场和企业的大规模检测。 研究人员周四（10月15日）表示，英国牛津大学的科学家研发出一种新冠病毒快速检测方法，可在五分钟内识别出新冠病毒。研究人员补充称，这种方法可用于机场和企业的大规模检测。 牛津大学表示，希望在2021年初开始检测设备的产品开发，并在6个月后推出批准的设备。 研究人员称，该设备能够检测新冠病毒，并将其与其他病毒区分开来，精确度很高。 牛津大学物理系教授阿基里斯·卡帕尼迪斯说：“我们的方法可以快速检测完整的病毒微粒。”他还说，这意味着这种测试“简单、极其快速，而且很划算”。 在新冠病毒仍在流行之际，快速抗原检测被视为推出大规模检测和重新开放经济的关键，而且已经在使用的快速检测比现有的分子PCR检测更快速和廉价，但准确性更低。 西门子医疗周三（10月14日）宣布，将在欧洲推出一种新冠病毒快速抗原检测试剂盒，但警告称，该行业可能难以满足激增的需求。 尽管牛津新推出的检测平台明年才会准备就绪，不过这些检测设备可以帮助在明年冬天及时控制疫情。卫生官员警告说，即使研制出疫苗，世界仍然需要与新冠病毒共存。 沃里克医学院的尼科尔·罗伯博士说：“新冠病毒和其他季节性呼吸道病毒的共同传播所带来的不可预测的影响是今年冬季的一个重要问题。” “我们已经证明，我们的检测能够可靠地区分临床样本中的不同病毒，这一进展为下一阶段的疫情提供了一个至关重要的优势。” 英文来源：路透社 翻译&编辑：yaning

金秋十月，又有一波精彩电影即将上映。以嫦娥为灵感的中美合作动画电影《飞奔去月球》即将在国内上映，艾米·汉莫和莉莉·詹姆斯联袂主演的新版《蝴蝶梦》俊男美女十分养眼，还有老戏骨连姆·尼森的新片和讲述用心灵感应杀人的科幻片。你最期待哪一部呢？ Still from Rebecca .Credit: B-Reel Films Rebecca 《蝴蝶梦》 The most famous adaptation of Rebecca , Daphne du Maurier’s Gothic romance, is the Oscar-winning Alfred Hitchcock classic starring Laurence Olivier and Joan Fontaine. How can Ben Wheatley’s new version possibly compete? Well, one answer is to have Kristin Scott Thomas as the formidable Mrs Danvers, a stroke of casting genius which is enough to justify the film’s existence. Another answer, which Wheatley gave at the 2019 London Film Festival, is “going back to the book and trying to get closer to the actual story... You think you know it and you just don’t.” Lily James stars as the innocent young woman who is swept off her feet by a handsome English widower (Armie Hammer) in Monte Carlo. But when she marries him and moves into his Cornwall mansion, she is haunted by the reputation of the previous Mrs de Winter. 达夫妮·杜穆里埃所著的哥特式爱情小说《蝴蝶梦》最著名的改编作品莫过于获得奥斯卡奖的阿尔弗雷德·希区柯克导演的那部由劳伦斯·奥利弗和琼·芳登主演的经典电影。本·维特利的新版电影要如何与之相争呢？一个答案就是由克里斯汀·斯科特·托马斯饰演可怕的丹佛斯太太，这一高明的选角足以证明这部新片存在的价值。维特利在2019年伦敦电影节上给出的另一个答案是“这部电影回归原著，尽可能贴近原著中的故事……你以为你知道这个故事，其实你不知道”。莉莉·詹姆斯饰演在摩纳哥的蒙特卡洛坠入情网的天真年轻女子，她爱上的英俊的英国鳏夫由艾米·汉莫饰演。但是当她嫁给他并搬入他在英国康沃尔郡的宅邸后，她发现已故文德斯太太的影子无处不在。 On Netflix from 21 October 该片将于10月21日在奈飞平台播出。 Poster of Possessor . Credit: Rhombus Possessor Inc/Rook Films Possessor Ltd Possessor 《占有者》 Andrea Riseborough stars as an assassin who can telepathically control other people’s bodies and get them to do the killing for her. Her latest job is to bump off an IT tycoon (Sean Bean) and his daughter (Tuppence Middleton) by possessing the daughter’s fiancée (Christopher Abbott). When Possessor premiered at the Sundance Festival in January, David Ehrlich of IndieWire called it “unnervingly good”, adding, “90 minutes of Andrea Riseborough and Christopher Abbott engaging in ultra-gory psychic warfare over control of the latter’s body is more satisfying than what most of the current best picture nominees have to offer”. 安德丽娅·赖斯伯勒饰演一名刺客，她可以通过心灵感应控制他人的身体，让别人替她杀人。她的最新任务是杀掉一个信息技术大亨（肖恩·宾饰演）和他的女儿（塔彭丝·米德尔顿饰演）。她计划通过控制大亨女儿未婚夫（克里斯托弗·阿波特饰演）的身体来杀掉他们。《占有者》一月份在圣丹斯国际电影节首映时，电影网站IndieWire的大卫·埃瑞克表示这部片子“好极了”，并补充道：“看安德丽娅·赖斯伯勒试图控制克里斯托弗·阿波特的身体时二者上演的90分钟超残酷心理战比看现在获得最佳影片提名的大多数电影都要令人满意。” Released on 2 October in the US and 9 October in Canada 该片于10月2日在美国上映，10月9日在加拿大上映。 Still from Over the Moon .Credit: Mandarin Films Over the Moon 《飞奔去月球》 One of the first cartoons to be financed by Netflix, and one of the first cartoons to be co-produced by American and Chinese studios, Over the Moon is a musical inspired by the legend of moon goddess Chang’e. When a 12-year-old girl (Cathy Yang) hears the legend from her parents, she builds a rocket ship so that she (and her pet rabbit) can visit her. The director, Glen Keane, has talked about the film’s painstakingly authentic depiction of Chinese family life, although he had an American fairy tale in mind, too. “So much of the story in Over the Moon is like Wizard of Oz ,” he explained to Animation Magazine , “and believing that Dorothy goes up in the tornado and visits Oz. Our main character is going to the Moon to meet a moon goddess, and just like Dorothy, she has to go through this experience to be able to deal with the problems she is facing at home.” 《飞奔去月球》是奈飞最早投资的一部动画片，也是美国和中国电影公司首次共同制作的动画片之一。这部音乐电影的灵感来自月宫仙子嫦娥的传说。当一个12岁的小女孩（凯西·昂配音）从父母那里听说嫦娥的神话后，她就造了一艘火箭飞船，准备和自己的宠物兔子一起去看嫦娥。导演格兰·基恩讲述他在煞费苦心地对中国家庭生活进行准确刻画时，也在该片投射了一个美国童话的影子。他向《动画杂志》解释道：“《飞奔去月球》的许多故事情节都和《绿野仙踪》很像。多萝西被旋风卷到了奥兹国，而我们的主角则飞到了月球去见月宫仙子。和多萝西一样，她必须经历这一切才能学会如何应对她在家里面临的问题。” On Netflix from 23 October 该片将于10月23日在奈飞平台播出。 Poster of Honest Thief . Credit: Argonaut Entertainment Partners Honest Thief 《夺金营救》 Liam Neeson plays Tom, a retired bank robber who promises to return his ill-gotten gains in exchange for a reduced prison sentence so that he can settle down with the woman he loves (Kate Walsh). But the two FBI agents (Jai Courtney and Anthony Ramos) assigned to retrieve the money decide to steal it instead and frame Tom for murder. Unfortunately for them, he is a “former Marine, demolitions expert” with a very particular set of skills, hence the explosions, car chases, and shoot-outs. What’s not to like? 连姆·尼森饰演的汤姆是一个已经退出江湖的银行抢劫犯，为了和他心爱的女人（凯特·沃什饰演）在一起好好过日子，他承诺归还不义之财来换取减刑。但是被指派去取回这笔钱的两个联邦调查局特工（杰·科特尼和安东尼·拉莫斯饰演）决定偷走这笔钱，然后诬陷汤姆谋杀。可惜他们的对手汤姆是掌握极特殊技能的“前海军爆破专家”，因此就有了爆炸、追车、枪击等种种场面。这样的情节谁不爱呢？ Released on 14 October in France, 15 October in Portugal and 16 October in the US 该片于10月14日在法国上映，10月15日在葡萄牙上映，10月16日在美国上映。 英文来源：BBC 翻译&编辑：丹妮

Still from Rebecca .Credit: B-Reel Films Rebecca The most famous adaptation of Rebecca , Daphne du Maurier’s Gothic romance, is the Oscar-winning Alfred Hitchcock classic starring Laurence Olivier and Joan Fontaine. How can Ben Wheatley’s new version possibly compete? Well, one answer is to have Kristin Scott Thomas as the formidable Mrs Danvers, a stroke of casting genius which is enough to justify the film’s existence. Another answer, which Wheatley gave at the 2019 London Film Festival, is “going back to the book and trying to get closer to the actual story... You think you know it and you just don’t.” Lily James stars as the innocent young woman who is swept off her feet by a handsome English widower (Armie Hammer) in Monte Carlo. But when she marries him and moves into his Cornwall mansion, she is haunted by the reputation of the previous Mrs de Winter. On Netflix from 21 October Poster of Possessor . Credit: Rhombus Possessor Inc/Rook Films Possessor Ltd Possessor Possessor premiered at the Sundance Festival in January, David Ehrlich of IndieWire called it “unnervingly good”, adding, “90 minutes of Andrea Riseborough and Christopher Abbott engaging in ultra-gory psychic warfare over control of the latter’s body is more satisfying than what most of the current best picture nominees have to offer”. Released on 2 October in the US and 9 October in Canada Still from Over the Moon .Credit: Mandarin Films Over the Moon One of the first cartoons to be financed by Netflix, and one of the first cartoons to be co-produced by American and Chinese studios, Over the Moon is a musical inspired by the legend of moon goddess Chang’e. When a 12-year-old girl (Cathy Yang) hears the legend from her parents, she builds a rocket ship so that she (and her pet rabbit) can visit her. The director, Glen Keane, has talked about the film’s painstakingly authentic depiction of Chinese family life, although he had an American fairy tale in mind, too. “So much of the story in Over the Moon is like Wizard of Oz ,” he explained to Animation Magazine , “and believing that Dorothy goes up in the tornado and visits Oz. Our main character is going to the Moon to meet a moon goddess, and just like Dorothy, she has to go through this experience to be able to deal with the problems she is facing at home.” On Netflix from 23 October Poster of Honest Thief . Credit: Argonaut Entertainment Partners Honest Thief Liam Neeson plays Tom, a retired bank robber who promises to return his ill-gotten gains in exchange for a reduced prison sentence so that he can settle down with the woman he loves (Kate Walsh). But the two FBI agents (Jai Courtney and Anthony Ramos) assigned to retrieve the money decide to steal it instead and frame Tom for murder. Unfortunately for them, he is a “former Marine, demolitions expert” with a very particular set of skills, hence the explosions, car chases, and shoot-outs. What’s not to like? Released on 14 October in France, 15 October in Portugal and 16 October in the US

金秋十月，又有一波精彩电影即将上映。以嫦娥为灵感的中美合作动画电影《飞奔去月球》即将在国内上映，艾米·汉莫和莉莉·詹姆斯联袂主演的新版《蝴蝶梦》俊男美女十分养眼，还有老戏骨连姆·尼森的新片和讲述用心灵感应杀人的科幻片。你最期待哪一部呢？ 《蝴蝶梦》 达夫妮·杜穆里埃所著的哥特式爱情小说《蝴蝶梦》最著名的改编作品莫过于获得奥斯卡奖的阿尔弗雷德·希区柯克导演的那部由劳伦斯·奥利弗和琼·芳登主演的经典电影。本·维特利的新版电影要如何与之相争呢？一个答案就是由克里斯汀·斯科特·托马斯饰演可怕的丹佛斯太太，这一高明的选角足以证明这部新片存在的价值。维特利在2019年伦敦电影节上给出的另一个答案是“这部电影回归原著，尽可能贴近原著中的故事……你以为你知道这个故事，其实你不知道”。莉莉·詹姆斯饰演在摩纳哥的蒙特卡洛坠入情网的天真年轻女子，她爱上的英俊的英国鳏夫由艾米·汉莫饰演。但是当她嫁给他并搬入他在英国康沃尔郡的宅邸后，她发现已故文德斯太太的影子无处不在。 该片将于10月21日在奈飞平台播出。 《占有者》 Andrea Riseborough stars as an assassin who can telepathically control other people’s bodies and get them to do the killing for her. Her latest job is to bump off an IT tycoon (Sean Bean) and his daughter (Tuppence Middleton) by possessing the daughter’s fiancée (Christopher Abbott). When 安德丽娅·赖斯伯勒饰演一名刺客，她可以通过心灵感应控制他人的身体，让别人替她杀人。她的最新任务是杀掉一个信息技术大亨（肖恩·宾饰演）和他的女儿（塔彭丝·米德尔顿饰演）。她计划通过控制大亨女儿未婚夫（克里斯托弗·阿波特饰演）的身体来杀掉他们。《占有者》一月份在圣丹斯国际电影节首映时，电影网站IndieWire的大卫·埃瑞克表示这部片子“好极了”，并补充道：“看安德丽娅·赖斯伯勒试图控制克里斯托弗·阿波特的身体时二者上演的90分钟超残酷心理战比看现在获得最佳影片提名的大多数电影都要令人满意。” 该片于10月2日在美国上映，10月9日在加拿大上映。 《飞奔去月球》 《飞奔去月球》是奈飞最早投资的一部动画片，也是美国和中国电影公司首次共同制作的动画片之一。这部音乐电影的灵感来自月宫仙子嫦娥的传说。当一个12岁的小女孩（凯西·昂配音）从父母那里听说嫦娥的神话后，她就造了一艘火箭飞船，准备和自己的宠物兔子一起去看嫦娥。导演格兰·基恩讲述他在煞费苦心地对中国家庭生活进行准确刻画时，也在该片投射了一个美国童话的影子。他向《动画杂志》解释道：“《飞奔去月球》的许多故事情节都和《绿野仙踪》很像。多萝西被旋风卷到了奥兹国，而我们的主角则飞到了月球去见月宫仙子。和多萝西一样，她必须经历这一切才能学会如何应对她在家里面临的问题。” 该片将于10月23日在奈飞平台播出。 《夺金营救》 连姆·尼森饰演的汤姆是一个已经退出江湖的银行抢劫犯，为了和他心爱的女人（凯特·沃什饰演）在一起好好过日子，他承诺归还不义之财来换取减刑。但是被指派去取回这笔钱的两个联邦调查局特工（杰·科特尼和安东尼·拉莫斯饰演）决定偷走这笔钱，然后诬陷汤姆谋杀。可惜他们的对手汤姆是掌握极特殊技能的“前海军爆破专家”，因此就有了爆炸、追车、枪击等种种场面。这样的情节谁不爱呢？ 该片于10月14日在法国上映，10月15日在葡萄牙上映，10月16日在美国上映。 英文来源：BBC 翻译&编辑：丹妮

澳大利亚ARC珊瑚礁研究卓越中心的科学家对全球最大的珊瑚礁群——大堡礁的健康状况及规模进行研究后发现，自1995年以来，受海洋变暖等气候因素的影响，大堡礁的珊瑚损失了一半以上。 A man snorkels in an area called the "Coral Gardens" near Lady Elliot Island, on the Great Barrier Reef, northeast of Bundaberg town in Queensland, Australia, June 11, 2015. [Photo/Agencies] Australia's Great Barrier Reef has lost more than half of its corals since 1995 due to warmer seas driven by climate change, a study has found. 研究发现，自1995年以来，由于气候变化导致海洋变暖，澳大利亚大堡礁的珊瑚损失了一半以上。 Scientists found all types of corals had suffered a decline across the world's largest reef system. 科学家发现，在全球最大的珊瑚礁群大堡礁中，所有类型的珊瑚都在减少。 The steepest falls came after mass bleaching events in 2016 and 2017. More mass bleaching occurred this year. 尤其在2016年和2017年大堡礁发生大规模珊瑚白化后，珊瑚数量锐减，今年也出现了更大规模白化现象。 "There is no time to lose - we must sharply decrease greenhouse gas emissions ASAP," the researchers said. 研究人员说：“我们必须抓紧时间，尽快大幅减少温室气体排放。” The study, published in the journal Proceedings of the Royal Society B , was conducted by marine scientists at the ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies in Queensland. 研究报告发表在英国《皇家学会报告：生物科学》期刊上，是由昆士兰州ARC珊瑚礁研究卓越中心的海洋科学家进行的。 Scientists assessed the health and size of coral colonies across the reef from 1995 to 2017. 科学家们评估了1995年到2017年大堡礁珊瑚群的健康状况和大小。 They found populations had dropped by more than 50% in all coral sizes and species, but especially in branching and table-shaped corals. 他们发现，无论珊瑚的大小和种类，所有珊瑚的数量都损失了一半以上，尤其是分枝和桌形珊瑚。 These are the large, structural species which usually provide habitats for fish and other marine life. 珊瑚礁是大型的结构物种，通常为鱼类和其他海洋生物提供栖息地。 Prof Terry Hughes, a study co-author, said these coral types had been "worst affected" by the back-to-back mass bleachings which damaged two-thirds of the reef. 研究合著者、特里·休斯教授说，这些珊瑚类型受到了连续不断的大规模白化“最严重影响”，三分之二的珊瑚礁遭到了破坏。 back-to-back [ˌbæk tə ˈbæk]：adj.连续的；紧接的 Bleaching occurs when corals under stress drive out the algae - known as zooxanthellae - that give them colour. 当珊瑚在压力下驱逐了为它们带来颜色的藻类（称为虫黄藻）时，就会发生白化。 Corals can recover if normal conditions return, but it can take decades. 如果情况恢复正常，珊瑚可以自我修复，但需要数十年时间。 A study in 2019 found that damaged coral colonies had struggled to regenerate because most of the adult corals had died. 2019年的一项研究发现，由于大多数成年珊瑚已经死亡，受损的珊瑚群体很难再生。 "A vibrant coral population has millions of small, baby corals, as well as many large ones," said lead author Dr Andy Dietzel. 研究报告的主要作者安迪·迪策尔博士说：“一个充满活力的珊瑚种群中有数百万个小的珊瑚幼虫和很多大珊瑚组成。” "Our results show the ability of the Great Barrier Reef to recover - its resilience - is compromised compared to the past, because there are fewer babies, and fewer large breeding adults." “我们的研究结果表明，大堡礁的恢复能力与过去相比已经有所下降，因为珊瑚幼虫和较大的繁殖成虫都减少了。” An aerial view shows bleached and unbleached corals at the Great Barrier Reef in Australia on June 4, 2020. [Photo/Agencies] 大堡礁前景如何？ Last year, the Australian government's official agency on the reef confirmed that human-driven warming remained the biggest threat to the reef's long-term survival. 去年，澳大利亚政府负责大堡礁的官方机构证实，人类活动导致的气候变暖仍然是大堡礁长期生存的最大威胁。 Stretching over 2,300km, the reef was designated a World Heritage site in 1981 for its "enormous scientific and intrinsic importance". 大堡礁绵延2300公里，因其“巨大的科学和内在价值”，于1981年被列为世界遗产。 But in the past decade in particular, it has been vastly damaged by warmer seas which have killed off coral, dispersed other sea life and sped up growth of algae and other contaminants. 但特别是在过去的十年里，海水变暖使珊瑚死亡和其他海洋生物分散，导致海藻和其他污染物迅速增多，大堡礁受到了极大的破坏。 "We used to think the Great Barrier Reef is protected by its sheer size - but our results show that even the world's largest and relatively well-protected reef system is increasingly compromised and in decline," said Prof Hughes. 休斯教授说：“我们过去一直认为由于面积宽广，大堡礁受到了保护，但我们的研究表明，即使是世界上最大的、保护相对良好的珊瑚礁系统也在日益受到威胁，并且在衰退。” In March, scientists reported the reef had suffered its third mass bleaching event in five years. The full scale of the damage was still being assessed. 今年3月，科学家报告称，大堡礁遭遇了五年来的第三次大规模白化。整个损失规模仍在评估中。 Global temperatures have already risen by about 1C since pre-industrial times. The UN has warned that if that rise reaches 1.5C, 90% of the world's corals will be wiped out. 全球的温度相较于工业时代前已上升了1摄氏度。联合国曾警告称，若温度升高1.5摄氏度，全球90%的珊瑚都将消失。 英文来源：BBC 翻译&编辑：yaning

A man snorkels in an area called the "Coral Gardens" near Lady Elliot Island, on the Great Barrier Reef, northeast of Bundaberg town in Queensland, Australia, June 11, 2015. [Photo/Agencies] Australia's Great Barrier Reef has lost more than half of its corals since 1995 due to warmer seas driven by climate change, a study has found. Scientists found all types of corals had suffered a decline across the world's largest reef system. The steepest falls came after mass bleaching events in 2016 and 2017. More mass bleaching occurred this year. "There is no time to lose - we must sharply decrease greenhouse gas emissions ASAP," the researchers said. The study, published in the journal Proceedings of the Royal Society B , was conducted by marine scientists at the ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies in Queensland. Scientists assessed the health and size of coral colonies across the reef from 1995 to 2017. They found populations had dropped by more than 50% in all coral sizes and species, but especially in branching and table-shaped corals. These are the large, structural species which usually provide habitats for fish and other marine life. Prof Terry Hughes, a study co-author, said these coral types had been "worst affected" by the back-to-back mass bleachings which damaged two-thirds of the reef. Bleaching occurs when corals under stress drive out the algae - known as zooxanthellae - that give them colour. Corals can recover if normal conditions return, but it can take decades. A study in 2019 found that damaged coral colonies had struggled to regenerate because most of the adult corals had died. "A vibrant coral population has millions of small, baby corals, as well as many large ones," said lead author Dr Andy Dietzel. "Our results show the ability of the Great Barrier Reef to recover - its resilience - is compromised compared to the past, because there are fewer babies, and fewer large breeding adults." An aerial view shows bleached and unbleached corals at the Great Barrier Reef in Australia on June 4, 2020. [Photo/Agencies] Last year, the Australian government's official agency on the reef confirmed that human-driven warming remained the biggest threat to the reef's long-term survival. Stretching over 2,300km, the reef was designated a World Heritage site in 1981 for its "enormous scientific and intrinsic importance". But in the past decade in particular, it has been vastly damaged by warmer seas which have killed off coral, dispersed other sea life and sped up growth of algae and other contaminants. "We used to think the Great Barrier Reef is protected by its sheer size - but our results show that even the world's largest and relatively well-protected reef system is increasingly compromised and in decline," said Prof Hughes. In March, scientists reported the reef had suffered its third mass bleaching event in five years. The full scale of the damage was still being assessed. Global temperatures have already risen by about 1C since pre-industrial times. The UN has warned that if that rise reaches 1.5C, 90% of the world's corals will be wiped out.

澳大利亚ARC珊瑚礁研究卓越中心的科学家对全球最大的珊瑚礁群——大堡礁的健康状况及规模进行研究后发现，自1995年以来，受海洋变暖等气候因素的影响，大堡礁的珊瑚损失了一半以上。 研究发现，自1995年以来，由于气候变化导致海洋变暖，澳大利亚大堡礁的珊瑚损失了一半以上。 科学家发现，在全球最大的珊瑚礁群大堡礁中，所有类型的珊瑚都在减少。 尤其在2016年和2017年大堡礁发生大规模珊瑚白化后，珊瑚数量锐减，今年也出现了更大规模白化现象。 研究人员说：“我们必须抓紧时间，尽快大幅减少温室气体排放。” 研究报告发表在英国《皇家学会报告：生物科学》期刊上，是由昆士兰州ARC珊瑚礁研究卓越中心的海洋科学家进行的。 科学家们评估了1995年到2017年大堡礁珊瑚群的健康状况和大小。 他们发现，无论珊瑚的大小和种类，所有珊瑚的数量都损失了一半以上，尤其是分枝和桌形珊瑚。 珊瑚礁是大型的结构物种，通常为鱼类和其他海洋生物提供栖息地。 研究合著者、特里·休斯教授说，这些珊瑚类型受到了连续不断的大规模白化“最严重影响”，三分之二的珊瑚礁遭到了破坏。 back-to-back [ˌbæk tə ˈbæk]：adj.连续的；紧接的 当珊瑚在压力下驱逐了为它们带来颜色的藻类（称为虫黄藻）时，就会发生白化。 如果情况恢复正常，珊瑚可以自我修复，但需要数十年时间。 2019年的一项研究发现，由于大多数成年珊瑚已经死亡，受损的珊瑚群体很难再生。 研究报告的主要作者安迪·迪策尔博士说：“一个充满活力的珊瑚种群中有数百万个小的珊瑚幼虫和很多大珊瑚组成。” “我们的研究结果表明，大堡礁的恢复能力与过去相比已经有所下降，因为珊瑚幼虫和较大的繁殖成虫都减少了。” 大堡礁前景如何？ 去年，澳大利亚政府负责大堡礁的官方机构证实，人类活动导致的气候变暖仍然是大堡礁长期生存的最大威胁。 大堡礁绵延2300公里，因其“巨大的科学和内在价值”，于1981年被列为世界遗产。 但特别是在过去的十年里，海水变暖使珊瑚死亡和其他海洋生物分散，导致海藻和其他污染物迅速增多，大堡礁受到了极大的破坏。 休斯教授说：“我们过去一直认为由于面积宽广，大堡礁受到了保护，但我们的研究表明，即使是世界上最大的、保护相对良好的珊瑚礁系统也在日益受到威胁，并且在衰退。” 今年3月，科学家报告称，大堡礁遭遇了五年来的第三次大规模白化。整个损失规模仍在评估中。 全球的温度相较于工业时代前已上升了1摄氏度。联合国曾警告称，若温度升高1.5摄氏度，全球90%的珊瑚都将消失。 英文来源：BBC 翻译&编辑：yaning

带着毯子去上学？别以为是学校组织露营，这是德国学校的校长们发布的建议。因为新冠疫情持续，政府要求学校定期开窗通风，但是随着天气转凉，开窗的教室难免有些冷，所以校长要求学生穿得暖暖的、戴着帽子手套上课。 Students sit in a classroom of the Petri primary school in Dortmund, western Germany, on June 15, 2020 amid the novel coronavirus COVID-19 pandemic. (Photo/AFP) Schools in Germany are advising pupils to bring blankets to class and wear hats, coats and scarves during lessons as part of the fight against the coronavirus. 作为抗疫举措之一，德国学校建议学生带毯子来上学，戴帽子围巾、穿厚外套上课。 Head teachers have issued the advice in response to new government guidelines that require schools to ventilate classrooms by opening the windows every twenty minutes. 新的政府指导意见要求学校每20分钟要开窗通风一次，为此各校长发布了这一建议。 Leaving the windows open a crack is not enough. Schools have been told to open classroom windows fully for three to five minutes, and to open doors as well when possible so air can circulate. 窗户只开一条缝是不够的。政府要求学校每次要保持教室窗户大开长达3到5分钟，如果可能的话也要打开门，以保持空气流通。 Daytime temperatures are already as low as 5C in parts of Germany and many classrooms are too cold to study in comfort. 德国部分地区的日间气温已经低至5摄氏度，许多教室都冷得没法好好学习了。 With winter temperatures often well below zero, no one is under any illusions about how cold classrooms could get. 冬天气温通常是零下好几度，谁都能想象到开窗通风情况下教室会有多冷。 A sixth form college in Bochum has advised pupils to bring “warm clothes with hoods or hats and blankets” to class, and secondary schools in Düsseldorf are allowing pupils to wear coats and gloves during lessons. 波鸿市高中建议学生带“连帽保暖衣服或帽子和毯子”来上课，杜塞尔多夫市的中学允许学生在上课时穿外套戴手套。 In a letter to pupils, the regional education minister for Lower Saxony warned that “things will get a little cold” and urged them to “dress warmly”. 在致学生的一封信中，德国下萨克森州的教育部长警告说，“教室里会有点冷”，敦促学生们“穿暖和些”。 Children respect social distancing rules as they line up to enter the Petri primary school in Dortmund, western Germany, on May 7, 2020, as the school reopens for some pupils following lockdown due to the new coronavirus Covid-19 pandemic. (Photo/AFP) Doctors have spoken out against the new government regulations, warning they will cause a wave of colds and other infections. 医生们公开反对这一政府新规，警告说这会导致一波感冒和其他感染。 "The rules are absurd,” Dr Stephan Pilsinger, a Munich GP turned politician told Bild newspaper. “They're a health hazard.” 曾在慕尼黑做过全科医生后来改行从政的斯蒂芬·皮尔辛格博士告诉《图片报》说：“这些规定太荒谬了，它们会对健康造成危害。” "During the cold months, thick sweaters, scarves and blankets will now be part of the basic equipment for schoolchildren", said Susanne Lin-Klitzing of the Philologenverband teachers' union. 德国语文学家协会的苏珊娜·林-克里青说：“在寒冷的冬月，厚毛衣、围巾和毯子将是学生基本装备的一部分。” She said staff and pupils would have to dress “according to the onion principle” — with multiple layers they can remove as classrooms warm up between ventilation times. 她指出，教职人员和学生将必须“根据洋葱原则”来穿衣，在通风间隔期间教室温度回升时，他们可以脱去外层的衣服。 But she accused regional governments of failing to plan adequately for the cold months and said if they’d had more warning schools could have put up plastic shields between pupils to avoid infection. 但她指责地方政府未能为寒冷冬月做好周全安排。她说，如果当初政府更早提出警告，学校就可以在学生之间设置塑料分隔屏来避免感染。 Germany was one of the first European countries to reopen schools following the first wave of the pandemic, and returned to full class sizes at the end of the summer holidays. 德国是首批在第一波疫情之后重新开放学校并在暑假结束后全员复课的欧洲国家之一。 But ever changing government advice has resulted in a series of embarrassing U-turns. The regional government in Hamburg bought 30,000 transparent plastic head visors to distribute to schools in August. 但是不断变更的政府建议引发了一系列令人尴尬的反转。汉堡市的地方政府八月份购买了3万个透明塑料面罩发放给学校。 But it has now told schools they do not provide sufficient protection and should not be used. Pupils and staff are required to wear facemasks while moving about instead. 但是地方政府现在告诉学校，塑料面罩不能提供足够的防护，不应再使用，转而要求学生和教职人员在四处走动时佩戴口罩。 英文来源：每日电讯报 翻译&编辑：丹妮

Students sit in a classroom of the Petri primary school in Dortmund, western Germany, on June 15, 2020 amid the novel coronavirus COVID-19 pandemic. (Photo/AFP) Schools in Germany are advising pupils to bring blankets to class and wear hats, coats and scarves during lessons as part of the fight against the coronavirus. Head teachers have issued the advice in response to new government guidelines that require schools to ventilate classrooms by opening the windows every twenty minutes. Leaving the windows open a crack is not enough. Schools have been told to open classroom windows fully for three to five minutes, and to open doors as well when possible so air can circulate. Daytime temperatures are already as low as 5C in parts of Germany and many classrooms are too cold to study in comfort. With winter temperatures often well below zero, no one is under any illusions about how cold classrooms could get. In a letter to pupils, the regional education minister for Lower Saxony warned that “things will get a little cold” and urged them to “dress warmly”. Children respect social distancing rules as they line up to enter the Petri primary school in Dortmund, western Germany, on May 7, 2020, as the school reopens for some pupils following lockdown due to the new coronavirus Covid-19 pandemic. (Photo/AFP) Doctors have spoken out against the new government regulations, warning they will cause a wave of colds and other infections. "The rules are absurd,” Dr Stephan Pilsinger, a Munich GP turned politician told Bild newspaper. “They're a health hazard.” "During the cold months, thick sweaters, scarves and blankets will now be part of the basic equipment for schoolchildren", said Susanne Lin-Klitzing of the Philologenverband teachers' union. She said staff and pupils would have to dress “according to the onion principle” — with multiple layers they can remove as classrooms warm up between ventilation times. But she accused regional governments of failing to plan adequately for the cold months and said if they’d had more warning schools could have put up plastic shields between pupils to avoid infection. Germany was one of the first European countries to reopen schools following the first wave of the pandemic, and returned to full class sizes at the end of the summer holidays. But ever changing government advice has resulted in a series of embarrassing U-turns. The regional government in Hamburg bought 30,000 transparent plastic head visors to distribute to schools in August. But it has now told schools they do not provide sufficient protection and should not be used. Pupils and staff are required to wear facemasks while moving about instead.

带着毯子去上学？别以为是学校组织露营，这是德国学校的校长们发布的建议。因为新冠疫情持续，政府要求学校定期开窗通风，但是随着天气转凉，开窗的教室难免有些冷，所以校长要求学生穿得暖暖的、戴着帽子手套上课。 作为抗疫举措之一，德国学校建议学生带毯子来上学，戴帽子围巾、穿厚外套上课。 新的政府指导意见要求学校每20分钟要开窗通风一次，为此各校长发布了这一建议。 窗户只开一条缝是不够的。政府要求学校每次要保持教室窗户大开长达3到5分钟，如果可能的话也要打开门，以保持空气流通。 德国部分地区的日间气温已经低至5摄氏度，许多教室都冷得没法好好学习了。 冬天气温通常是零下好几度，谁都能想象到开窗通风情况下教室会有多冷。 A sixth form college in Bochum has advised pupils to bring “warm clothes with hoods or hats and blankets” to class, and secondary schools in Düsseldorf are allowing pupils to wear coats and gloves during lessons. 波鸿市高中建议学生带“连帽保暖衣服或帽子和毯子”来上课，杜塞尔多夫市的中学允许学生在上课时穿外套戴手套。 在致学生的一封信中，德国下萨克森州的教育部长警告说，“教室里会有点冷”，敦促学生们“穿暖和些”。 医生们公开反对这一政府新规，警告说这会导致一波感冒和其他感染。 曾在慕尼黑做过全科医生后来改行从政的斯蒂芬·皮尔辛格博士告诉《图片报》说：“这些规定太荒谬了，它们会对健康造成危害。” 德国语文学家协会的苏珊娜·林-克里青说：“在寒冷的冬月，厚毛衣、围巾和毯子将是学生基本装备的一部分。” 她指出，教职人员和学生将必须“根据洋葱原则”来穿衣，在通风间隔期间教室温度回升时，他们可以脱去外层的衣服。 但她指责地方政府未能为寒冷冬月做好周全安排。她说，如果当初政府更早提出警告，学校就可以在学生之间设置塑料分隔屏来避免感染。 德国是首批在第一波疫情之后重新开放学校并在暑假结束后全员复课的欧洲国家之一。 但是不断变更的政府建议引发了一系列令人尴尬的反转。汉堡市的地方政府八月份购买了3万个透明塑料面罩发放给学校。 但是地方政府现在告诉学校，塑料面罩不能提供足够的防护，不应再使用，转而要求学生和教职人员在四处走动时佩戴口罩。 英文来源：每日电讯报 翻译&编辑：丹妮

国际货币基金组织（IMF）10月13日公布最新一期《世界经济展望》，预测今年世界经济将萎缩4.4%，比今年6月的预测数据上调了0.8个百分点，并预计2021年增长率将反弹至5.2%，比6月份的预测低0.2个百分点。中国将是世界主要经济体中唯一保持正增长的国家，预计今年增长为1.9%，明年将达到8.2%。 A shopper wears a face mask in Old Bond Street, amid the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak, in London, on July 18, 2020. [Photo/Agencies] The International Monetary Fund on Tuesday turned slightly more positive on the global economy for this year, but warned of a “long, uneven and uncertain” recovery. 国际货币基金组织10月13日发布报告，对今年全球经济的预期略有上调，但警告称，全球经济复苏将是“漫长、坎坷而不确定的”。 The global economy is now projected to contract by 4.4% in 2020 — an upward revision from an estimate of -4.9% made in June (which has now also been revised to -5.2% due to a new methodology used by the IMF). The IMF’s forecast assumes that social distancing due to the coronavirus pandemic will continue into 2021, and that local transmission will fall everywhere by the end of 2022. 根据国际货币基金组织的预测，全球经济在2020年将萎缩4.4%，高于6月份下降4.9%的预测（由于国际货币基金组织采用新方法，该数据被修正为下降5.2%)。国际货币基金组织的预测认为，新冠疫情造成的社交隔离措施将持续到2021年，到2022年年底，全球各地的社区传播都将减少。 Among major economies, only China is expected to expand in 2020. The IMF believes the country, which battled Covid-19 earlier than the rest of the world and was quickly able to move out of lockdown due to strict containment measures, will grow by 1.9%. 在主要经济体中，只有中国有望在2020年实现经济增长。国际货币基金组织预计今年中国经济增长将达到1.9%。中国比世界其他国家更早抗击新冠肺炎疫情，由于采取了严格的管控措施，迅速走出了封锁状态。 “We are projecting a somewhat less severe though still deep recession in 2020, relative to our June forecast,” the IMF’s chief economist, Gita Gopinath, said in the latest World Economic Outlook. 国际货币基金组织首席经济学家吉塔·戈皮纳斯在最新的《世界经济展望》中表示：“与我们6月份的预测相比，我们预计2020年的经济衰退仍很严重，但比此前的预计略轻微。” She added that the revision was driven by better-than-expected growth in advanced economies and China during the second quarter of the year and signs of a more rapid recovery in the third quarter. 她补充称，此次上调今年世界经济增长率的主要原因是第二季度发达经济体和中国的经济数据好于预期，且有迹象显示第三季度的复苏更为强劲。 However, the outlook warned that the coronavirus crisis is far from over. 不过，报告警告称，新冠危机远未结束。 People wearing protective face masks walk past Wadham College, Oxford University, ahead of the new academic year, amidst the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, in Oxford, Britain, on Sept 17, 2020. [Photo/Agencies] The IMF projected “only limited progress” going forward and cut its gross domestic product growth expectations for next year to 5.2%, from an estimate of 5.4% made in June. 国际货币基金组织预计，未来解决新冠危机的“进展有限”，并将明年国内生产总值增长预期从6月份估计的5.4%下调至5.2%。 “While the global economy is coming back, the ascent will likely be long, uneven, and uncertain,” Gopinath said, while adding that “prospects have worsened significantly in some emerging market and developing economies.” 戈皮纳斯说：“尽管全球经济正在复苏，但这可能是漫长的、不均衡的和不确定的。”她补充称，“一些新兴市场和发展中经济体的前景已明显恶化”。 Emerging market and developing economies are seen contracting by 3.3% this year, but in places like India, GDP is seen falling by more than 10%. 新兴市场和发展中经济体的经济今年预计将下降3.3%，但印度等地的国内生产总值降幅将超过10%。 Meanwhile, the United States economy is set to fall by 4.3% this year, but the economic contractions in the UK, France, Italy and Spain are around 10%. 与此同时，美国经济今年将下降4.3%，而英国、法国、意大利和西班牙的经济将下降大约10%。 Looking ahead, the IMF offered a bleak look at how the global economy might perform over the medium term, its first such forecast since the outbreak began. 展望未来，国际货币基金组织对全球经济的中期表现做出了悲观的预测，这是自疫情暴发以来该组织首次做出此类预测。 Global growth is expected to slow to roughly 3.5% between 2022 and 2025, leaving the output of most economies below levels that were predicted before the pandemic. 预计2022年至2025年，全球经济增速将放缓至3.5%左右，使大多数经济体的产出低于疫情暴发前的预期。 The IMF emphasized that uncertainty surrounding its projections is "unusually large" given the lack of clarity on the health crisis and the economic response, especially as global debt levels increase. 国际货币基金组织强调指出，鉴于卫生危机和经济应对措施不够清晰，特别是在全球债务水平上升的情况下，其预测的不确定性“非常大”。 The recovery “is not assured while the pandemic continues to spread,” the IMF said in its latest economic analysis. 国际货币基金组织在其最新的经济分析中表示，“在疫情继续蔓延的情况下，复苏并不确定”。 The IMF has advised governments to keep some degree of accommodative policies to prevent a wider gap in income distribution, despite growing levels of public debt. 国际货币基金组织建议，尽管公共债务水平不断上升，各国政府应保持一定程度的宽松政策，以防止收入分配差距扩大。 accommodative [ə'kɒmədeɪtɪv]：adj.适应的；调节的；予以方便的；随和的 In addition, the IMF mentioned that geopolitical tensions, trade friction, natural disasters, changes to financing conditions and further outbreaks remain downside risks to its projections. 此外，国际货币基金组织预计，经济下行的风险还有地缘政治紧张局势、贸易摩擦、自然灾害、融资条件变化和疫情进一步暴发。 英文来源：CNBC、CNN 翻译&编辑：yaning

A shopper wears a face mask in Old Bond Street, amid the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak, in London, on July 18, 2020. [Photo/Agencies] The International Monetary Fund on Tuesday turned slightly more positive on the global economy for this year, but warned of a “long, uneven and uncertain” recovery. The global economy is now projected to contract by 4.4% in 2020 — an upward revision from an estimate of -4.9% made in June (which has now also been revised to -5.2% due to a new methodology used by the IMF). The IMF’s forecast assumes that social distancing due to the coronavirus pandemic will continue into 2021, and that local transmission will fall everywhere by the end of 2022. Among major economies, only China is expected to expand in 2020. The IMF believes the country, which battled Covid-19 earlier than the rest of the world and was quickly able to move out of lockdown due to strict containment measures, will grow by 1.9%. “We are projecting a somewhat less severe though still deep recession in 2020, relative to our June forecast,” the IMF’s chief economist, Gita Gopinath, said in the latest World Economic Outlook. She added that the revision was driven by better-than-expected growth in advanced economies and China during the second quarter of the year and signs of a more rapid recovery in the third quarter. However, the outlook warned that the coronavirus crisis is far from over. People wearing protective face masks walk past Wadham College, Oxford University, ahead of the new academic year, amidst the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, in Oxford, Britain, on Sept 17, 2020. [Photo/Agencies] The IMF projected “only limited progress” going forward and cut its gross domestic product growth expectations for next year to 5.2%, from an estimate of 5.4% made in June. “While the global economy is coming back, the ascent will likely be long, uneven, and uncertain,” Gopinath said, while adding that “prospects have worsened significantly in some emerging market and developing economies.” Emerging market and developing economies are seen contracting by 3.3% this year, but in places like India, GDP is seen falling by more than 10%. Meanwhile, the United States economy is set to fall by 4.3% this year, but the economic contractions in the UK, France, Italy and Spain are around 10%. Looking ahead, the IMF offered a bleak look at how the global economy might perform over the medium term, its first such forecast since the outbreak began. Global growth is expected to slow to roughly 3.5% between 2022 and 2025, leaving the output of most economies below levels that were predicted before the pandemic. The IMF emphasized that uncertainty surrounding its projections is "unusually large" given the lack of clarity on the health crisis and the economic response, especially as global debt levels increase. The recovery “is not assured while the pandemic continues to spread,” the IMF said in its latest economic analysis. The IMF has advised governments to keep some degree of accommodative policies to prevent a wider gap in income distribution, despite growing levels of public debt. In addition, the IMF mentioned that geopolitical tensions, trade friction, natural disasters, changes to financing conditions and further outbreaks remain downside risks to its projections.

国际货币基金组织（IMF）10月13日公布最新一期《世界经济展望》，预测今年世界经济将萎缩4.4%，比今年6月的预测数据上调了0.8个百分点，并预计2021年增长率将反弹至5.2%，比6月份的预测低0.2个百分点。中国将是世界主要经济体中唯一保持正增长的国家，预计今年增长为1.9%，明年将达到8.2%。 国际货币基金组织10月13日发布报告，对今年全球经济的预期略有上调，但警告称，全球经济复苏将是“漫长、坎坷而不确定的”。 根据国际货币基金组织的预测，全球经济在2020年将萎缩4.4%，高于6月份下降4.9%的预测（由于国际货币基金组织采用新方法，该数据被修正为下降5.2%)。国际货币基金组织的预测认为，新冠疫情造成的社交隔离措施将持续到2021年，到2022年年底，全球各地的社区传播都将减少。 在主要经济体中，只有中国有望在2020年实现经济增长。国际货币基金组织预计今年中国经济增长将达到1.9%。中国比世界其他国家更早抗击新冠肺炎疫情，由于采取了严格的管控措施，迅速走出了封锁状态。 国际货币基金组织首席经济学家吉塔·戈皮纳斯在最新的《世界经济展望》中表示：“与我们6月份的预测相比，我们预计2020年的经济衰退仍很严重，但比此前的预计略轻微。” 她补充称，此次上调今年世界经济增长率的主要原因是第二季度发达经济体和中国的经济数据好于预期，且有迹象显示第三季度的复苏更为强劲。 不过，报告警告称，新冠危机远未结束。 国际货币基金组织预计，未来解决新冠危机的“进展有限”，并将明年国内生产总值增长预期从6月份估计的5.4%下调至5.2%。 戈皮纳斯说：“尽管全球经济正在复苏，但这可能是漫长的、不均衡的和不确定的。”她补充称，“一些新兴市场和发展中经济体的前景已明显恶化”。 新兴市场和发展中经济体的经济今年预计将下降3.3%，但印度等地的国内生产总值降幅将超过10%。 与此同时，美国经济今年将下降4.3%，而英国、法国、意大利和西班牙的经济将下降大约10%。 展望未来，国际货币基金组织对全球经济的中期表现做出了悲观的预测，这是自疫情暴发以来该组织首次做出此类预测。 预计2022年至2025年，全球经济增速将放缓至3.5%左右，使大多数经济体的产出低于疫情暴发前的预期。 国际货币基金组织强调指出，鉴于卫生危机和经济应对措施不够清晰，特别是在全球债务水平上升的情况下，其预测的不确定性“非常大”。 国际货币基金组织在其最新的经济分析中表示，“在疫情继续蔓延的情况下，复苏并不确定”。 国际货币基金组织建议，尽管公共债务水平不断上升，各国政府应保持一定程度的宽松政策，以防止收入分配差距扩大。 accommodative [ə'kɒmədeɪtɪv]：adj.适应的；调节的；予以方便的；随和的 此外，国际货币基金组织预计，经济下行的风险还有地缘政治紧张局势、贸易摩擦、自然灾害、融资条件变化和疫情进一步暴发。 英文来源：CNBC、CNN 翻译&编辑：yaning

在全球新冠肺炎病例不断增多的同时，仍有一些国家和民众相信甚至采取群体免疫作为抗疫策略。对此，世界卫生组织总干事谭德塞表示，群体免疫原本是用于疫苗接种的一个概念，用群体免疫作为应对新冠疫情的策略既不科学也不道德，并重申疫情防控没有捷径。 Photo by Max Bender on Unsplash Using the principle of so-called “herd immunity” to stem the COVID-19 pandemic is “unethical” and “not an option” countries should pursue to defeat the virus, the UN health agency chief warned on Monday. 世界卫生组织总干事谭德塞10月12日警告称，用所谓的“群体免疫”原则来阻止新冠肺炎疫情是“不道德的”，也不是国家抗击病毒的“一个选项”。 "Herd immunity is a concept used for vaccination, in which a population can be protected from a certain virus if a threshold of vaccination is reached”, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, Director-General of the World Health Organization (WHO), told the agency’s regular press briefing in Geneva. 谭德塞在日内瓦的例行新闻发布会上说：“群体免疫是用于疫苗接种的一个概念，意思是如果足够多的人接种了疫苗，就可以使整个群体免受某种病毒感染。” But, he explained, it is achieved by protecting people from the virus, “not by exposing them to it”. 他解释道，群体免疫是通过保护人们免受病毒感染来实现的，“而不是通过让人们接触病毒实现的。” "Never in the history of public health has herd immunity been used as a strategy for responding to an outbreak”, the WHO chief said, calling it “scientifically and ethically problematic”. 谭德塞称：“公共卫生史上从未用群体免疫作为一种策略来应对疫情暴发。”他表示这种做法“在科学上和道德上都是有问题的”。 To obtain herd immunity from measles, for example, about 95 percent of the population must be vaccinated. However, according to WHO estimates, less than 10 percent of the global population has any immunity to the coronavirus, leaving the “vast majority” of the world susceptible. 举例来说，要达到麻疹病的群体免疫，约95%的人口必须接种疫苗。然而，据世界卫生组织估计，全球不到10%的人口对新冠病毒有免疫力，这意味着世界上“绝大多数人”都是易感人群。 "Letting the virus circulate unchecked, therefore, means allowing unnecessary infections, suffering and death”, Tedros said. 谭德塞称：“因此，让病毒不受限制地传播，意味着不必要的感染、痛苦和死亡。” Photo by Annie Spratt on Unsplash 病例不断增长 Tedros noted that in recent days, the world was seeing the most rapid rise in infections during the course of the whole pandemic, especially in Europe and the Americas. 谭德塞指出，近期全球新冠肺炎感染率的增长速度是疫情暴发以来最快的，尤其在欧洲和美洲地区。 "Each of the last four days has seen the highest number of cases reported so far”, he stated. “Many cities and countries are also reporting an increase in hospitalizations and intensive care bed occupancy”. 他表示：“过去四天报告的单日新增病例数是迄今为止最多的。此外，许多城市和国家报告称，住院和进入重症监护室的病人数量也增多了。” The WHO chief also reminded that, as an “uneven pandemic”, every country is responding differently, and stressed that outbreaks can be controlled using targeted measures, such as by preventing amplifying events, isolation and testing. 谭德塞还提醒说，在这场“分布不均的疫情”中，每个国家的应对方式是不同的。他强调疫情可以通过有针对性的措施进行控制，比如防止造成病毒扩散的活动、进行隔离和检测。 "It’s not a choice between letting the virus run free and shutting down our societies” he declared. 他表示：“这不是在让病毒自由传播和让社会停摆之间二选一。” Photo by Kate Trifo on Unsplash 抗击病毒没有绝招 WHO noted that many have harnessed their stay-at-home time to develop plans, train health workers, increase testing time and capacity, and improve patient care. 世界卫生组织指出，许多国家已经利用民众居家隔离的时间来制定计划、培训医务人员、增加检测时间、提升检测能力，以及改进病患护理水平。 And digital technologies are helping to make tried-and-tested public health tools even more effective, such as better smartphone apps to support contact tracing efforts. 数字技术也有助于更有效地利用久经考验的公共卫生工具，比如能更好地支持密切接触者追踪行动的智能手机应用。 "We well understand the frustration that many people, communities and governments are feeling as the pandemic drags on, and as cases rise again”, Tedros said. 谭德塞说：“随着病例数量再次增多，疫情看不到尽头，我们非常理解许多人、社区和政府感受到的绝望情绪。” However, there are “no shortcuts, and no silver bullets”, he added. 他补充道，但是抗击疫情没有“捷径和绝招”。 Only a comprehensive approach, using every tool in the toolbox, has proven effective. 事实证明，只有采用综合的手段才是有效的，每一种工具都要用一用。 "My message to every country now weighing up its options is: you can do it too.” “我要送给每个正在权衡各种选择的国家的忠告是：你们会战胜病毒的。” 英文来源：联合国新闻网 翻译&编辑：丹妮

Photo by Max Bender on Unsplash Using the principle of so-called “herd immunity” to stem the COVID-19 pandemic is “unethical” and “not an option” countries should pursue to defeat the virus, the UN health agency chief warned on Monday. "Herd immunity is a concept used for vaccination, in which a population can be protected from a certain virus if a threshold of vaccination is reached”, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, Director-General of the World Health Organization (WHO), told the agency’s regular press briefing in Geneva. But, he explained, it is achieved by protecting people from the virus, “not by exposing them to it”. "Never in the history of public health has herd immunity been used as a strategy for responding to an outbreak”, the WHO chief said, calling it “scientifically and ethically problematic”. To obtain herd immunity from measles, for example, about 95 percent of the population must be vaccinated. However, according to WHO estimates, less than 10 percent of the global population has any immunity to the coronavirus, leaving the “vast majority” of the world susceptible. "Letting the virus circulate unchecked, therefore, means allowing unnecessary infections, suffering and death”, Tedros said. Photo by Annie Spratt on Unsplash Tedros noted that in recent days, the world was seeing the most rapid rise in infections during the course of the whole pandemic, especially in Europe and the Americas. "Each of the last four days has seen the highest number of cases reported so far”, he stated. “Many cities and countries are also reporting an increase in hospitalizations and intensive care bed occupancy”. The WHO chief also reminded that, as an “uneven pandemic”, every country is responding differently, and stressed that outbreaks can be controlled using targeted measures, such as by preventing amplifying events, isolation and testing. "It’s not a choice between letting the virus run free and shutting down our societies” he declared. Photo by Kate Trifo on Unsplash WHO noted that many have harnessed their stay-at-home time to develop plans, train health workers, increase testing time and capacity, and improve patient care. And digital technologies are helping to make tried-and-tested public health tools even more effective, such as better smartphone apps to support contact tracing efforts. "We well understand the frustration that many people, communities and governments are feeling as the pandemic drags on, and as cases rise again”, Tedros said. However, there are “no shortcuts, and no silver bullets”, he added. Only a comprehensive approach, using every tool in the toolbox, has proven effective. "My message to every country now weighing up its options is: you can do it too.”

在全球新冠肺炎病例不断增多的同时，仍有一些国家和民众相信甚至采取群体免疫作为抗疫策略。对此，世界卫生组织总干事谭德塞表示，群体免疫原本是用于疫苗接种的一个概念，用群体免疫作为应对新冠疫情的策略既不科学也不道德，并重申疫情防控没有捷径。 世界卫生组织总干事谭德塞10月12日警告称，用所谓的“群体免疫”原则来阻止新冠肺炎疫情是“不道德的”，也不是国家抗击病毒的“一个选项”。 谭德塞在日内瓦的例行新闻发布会上说：“群体免疫是用于疫苗接种的一个概念，意思是如果足够多的人接种了疫苗，就可以使整个群体免受某种病毒感染。” 他解释道，群体免疫是通过保护人们免受病毒感染来实现的，“而不是通过让人们接触病毒实现的。” 谭德塞称：“公共卫生史上从未用群体免疫作为一种策略来应对疫情暴发。”他表示这种做法“在科学上和道德上都是有问题的”。 举例来说，要达到麻疹病的群体免疫，约95%的人口必须接种疫苗。然而，据世界卫生组织估计，全球不到10%的人口对新冠病毒有免疫力，这意味着世界上“绝大多数人”都是易感人群。 谭德塞称：“因此，让病毒不受限制地传播，意味着不必要的感染、痛苦和死亡。” 病例不断增长 谭德塞指出，近期全球新冠肺炎感染率的增长速度是疫情暴发以来最快的，尤其在欧洲和美洲地区。 他表示：“过去四天报告的单日新增病例数是迄今为止最多的。此外，许多城市和国家报告称，住院和进入重症监护室的病人数量也增多了。” 谭德塞还提醒说，在这场“分布不均的疫情”中，每个国家的应对方式是不同的。他强调疫情可以通过有针对性的措施进行控制，比如防止造成病毒扩散的活动、进行隔离和检测。 他表示：“这不是在让病毒自由传播和让社会停摆之间二选一。” 抗击病毒没有绝招 世界卫生组织指出，许多国家已经利用民众居家隔离的时间来制定计划、培训医务人员、增加检测时间、提升检测能力，以及改进病患护理水平。 数字技术也有助于更有效地利用久经考验的公共卫生工具，比如能更好地支持密切接触者追踪行动的智能手机应用。 谭德塞说：“随着病例数量再次增多，疫情看不到尽头，我们非常理解许多人、社区和政府感受到的绝望情绪。” 他补充道，但是抗击疫情没有“捷径和绝招”。 事实证明，只有采用综合的手段才是有效的，每一种工具都要用一用。 “我要送给每个正在权衡各种选择的国家的忠告是：你们会战胜病毒的。” 英文来源：联合国新闻网 翻译&编辑：丹妮

澳大利亚最新研究显示，钞票、玻璃和其他常见表面上的新冠病毒可能在数周内一直具有传染性。这项研究强调了纸币、触屏设备、门把手和扶手传播病毒的风险。 A woman wearing a protective face mask walks past a closed restaurant in Paris, before the announcement of new COVID restrictions by Paris authorities as the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak continues in France, Oct 5, 2020. [Photo/Agencies] The virus that causes COVID-19 can last up to 28 days on surfaces such as mobile phone and ATM screens – much longer than previously thought – but lasts for much less time on softer surfaces, new CSIRO research shows. 澳大利亚联邦科学与工业研究组织的一项新研究显示，新冠病毒在手机和自动取款机屏幕等表面上可以存活28天，远比之前认为的要长，但在较软的表面上存活的时间要短得多。 Previous research from US health authorities showed the virus could be detected in aerosols for up to three hours and on plastic and stainless steel surfaces for up to three days. 此前美国卫生当局的研究表明，新冠病毒在气溶胶中可以存活3小时，在塑料和不锈钢表面可以存活3天。 Australian researchers tested the virus on polymer banknotes, de-monetised paper banknotes and common surfaces including brushed stainless steel, glass, vinyl and cotton cloth. 澳大利亚研究人员在塑料钞票、废弃纸币和拉丝不锈钢、玻璃、乙烯基和棉布等常见表面上测试了新冠病毒。 On glass, stainless steel and paper banknotes, the virus lasted for up to 28 days at 20 degrees. 在玻璃、不锈钢和纸币上，病毒在20摄氏度的温度下可以存活28天。 As the temperature increased to 30 and 40 degrees, the virus lasted for less than a week on those surfaces. The study found the virus remained on most surfaces for about six to seven days before starting to lose its potency. 当温度上升到30摄氏度和40摄氏度时，病毒在这些表面存活了不到一周。研究发现，病毒在大部分表面停留大约6到7天后就开始失去活性。 On more porous materials such as cotton, which can absorb the virus, no infectious virus was recovered after two weeks. 棉花等更多孔的材料可以吸附病毒。在这些材料上，两周后就检测不到传染性病毒。 porous [ˈpɔːrəs]：adj.多孔渗水的；能渗透的；有气孔的 People wait at a COVID-19 testing location in the Borough Park neighborhood in the Brooklyn borough of New York, the United States, Oct 4, 2020. [Photo/Agencies] Similar experiments for influenza A have found that it survived on surfaces for 17 days. 针对甲型流感的类似试验发现，甲流病毒可以在物体表面存活17天。 CSIRO chief executive Dr Larry Marshall said: "Establishing how long the virus really remains viable on surfaces enables us to more accurately predict and mitigate its spread, and do a better job of protecting our people." 澳大利亚联邦科学与工业研究组织首席执行官拉里·马歇尔博士说：“确定病毒在物体表面存活的时间，使我们能够更准确地预测和减缓其传播，并更好地保护民众。” The study notes the virus is primarily transmitted through aerosols and droplets caused by infected people sneezing or coughing near another person. The role of contaminated surfaces in the virus' spread is yet to be fully determined, according to the study, but has "been suggested as a potential mode of transmission also reflected by the strong focus on hand-washing by [the World Health Organisation] and national control schemes". 该研究指出，新冠病毒主要通过在他人附近打喷嚏或咳嗽的感染者产生的气溶胶和飞沫传播。根据这项研究，受污染的表面在病毒传播中的作用尚未完全确定，但“被认为是一种潜在的传播方式，因此世卫组织和国家防控措施也高度重视勤洗手的作用”。 新冠病毒可以在物体表面存活多久？ "The persistence on glass is an important finding, given that touch-screen devices such as mobile phones, bank ATMs, supermarket self-serve checkouts and airport check-in kiosks are high-touch surfaces which may not be regularly cleaned and therefore pose a transmission risk of SARS-CoV-2," the study states. 研究指出：“病毒在玻璃上可以存活很久是一个重要的发现，考虑到触屏设备，如手机、银行自动取款机、超市自助收银台和机场自助值机设备的触摸频率很高，可能无法定时清洁，因此会造成传播新冠病毒的风险。” "It has been demonstrated that mobile phones can harbour pathogens responsible for nosocomial transmission and, unlike hands, are not regularly cleaned." “人们已经证实，手机可以藏匿病原体，导致院内传播，而且不像手可以经常清洁。” nosocomial [,nɒsə(ʊ)'kəʊmɪəl]：adj.医院的 The CSIRO said the findings may help to explain the persistent spread of the coronavirus in cool environments such as abattoirs. 该组织表示，这一发现可能有助于解释新冠病毒在屠宰场等低温环境中持续传播的原因。 Trevor Drew, director of the Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness, said the virus' viability on surfaces outside their host relied on a number of factors. 澳大利亚疾病防控中心主任特雷弗·德鲁说，病毒在宿主体外表面的存活取决于许多因素。 "How long they can survive and remain infectious depends on the type of virus, quantity, the surface, environmental conditions and how it's deposited – for example, touch versus droplets emitted by coughing," Professor Drew said. 德鲁教授说：“它们能存活多久并保持传染性取决于病毒的类型、数量、表面、环境条件以及病毒的沉积方式，例如，接触还是咳嗽排出的飞沫。” "Proteins and fats in body fluids can also significantly increase virus survival times." “体液中的蛋白质和脂肪也能显著增加病毒的存活时间。 The research, conducted at the Centre for Disease Preparedness in Geelong, Victoria, involved drying virus in an artificial mucus on different surfaces, at concentrations similar to those reported in samples from infected patients, and then re-isolating the virus over a month. 这项研究是在维多利亚州吉隆市的澳大利亚疾病防控中心进行的，研究涉及在不同表面上的人造黏液中的干燥病毒，使其浓度与感染者样本中报告的浓度相似，然后在一个月的时间里重新分离病毒。 mucus [ˈmjuːkəs]：n.黏液 The study was also carried out in the dark, to remove the effect of UV light, as research has demonstrated direct sunlight can rapidly inactivate the virus. 这项研究也在黑暗中进行，以消除紫外线的影响，因为研究已经证明直接的光线照射可以迅速灭活病毒。 英文来源：悉尼先驱晨报 翻译&编辑：yaning

A woman wearing a protective face mask walks past a closed restaurant in Paris, before the announcement of new COVID restrictions by Paris authorities as the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak continues in France, Oct 5, 2020. [Photo/Agencies] The virus that causes COVID-19 can last up to 28 days on surfaces such as mobile phone and ATM screens – much longer than previously thought – but lasts for much less time on softer surfaces, new CSIRO research shows. Previous research from US health authorities showed the virus could be detected in aerosols for up to three hours and on plastic and stainless steel surfaces for up to three days. Australian researchers tested the virus on polymer banknotes, de-monetised paper banknotes and common surfaces including brushed stainless steel, glass, vinyl and cotton cloth. On glass, stainless steel and paper banknotes, the virus lasted for up to 28 days at 20 degrees. As the temperature increased to 30 and 40 degrees, the virus lasted for less than a week on those surfaces. The study found the virus remained on most surfaces for about six to seven days before starting to lose its potency. On more porous materials such as cotton, which can absorb the virus, no infectious virus was recovered after two weeks. People wait at a COVID-19 testing location in the Borough Park neighborhood in the Brooklyn borough of New York, the United States, Oct 4, 2020. [Photo/Agencies] Similar experiments for influenza A have found that it survived on surfaces for 17 days. CSIRO chief executive Dr Larry Marshall said: "Establishing how long the virus really remains viable on surfaces enables us to more accurately predict and mitigate its spread, and do a better job of protecting our people." The study notes the virus is primarily transmitted through aerosols and droplets caused by infected people sneezing or coughing near another person. The role of contaminated surfaces in the virus' spread is yet to be fully determined, according to the study, but has "been suggested as a potential mode of transmission also reflected by the strong focus on hand-washing by [the World Health Organisation] and national control schemes". "The persistence on glass is an important finding, given that touch-screen devices such as mobile phones, bank ATMs, supermarket self-serve checkouts and airport check-in kiosks are high-touch surfaces which may not be regularly cleaned and therefore pose a transmission risk of SARS-CoV-2," the study states. "It has been demonstrated that mobile phones can harbour pathogens responsible for nosocomial transmission and, unlike hands, are not regularly cleaned." The CSIRO said the findings may help to explain the persistent spread of the coronavirus in cool environments such as abattoirs. Trevor Drew, director of the Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness, said the virus' viability on surfaces outside their host relied on a number of factors. "How long they can survive and remain infectious depends on the type of virus, quantity, the surface, environmental conditions and how it's deposited – for example, touch versus droplets emitted by coughing," Professor Drew said. "Proteins and fats in body fluids can also significantly increase virus survival times." The research, conducted at the Centre for Disease Preparedness in Geelong, Victoria, involved drying virus in an artificial mucus on different surfaces, at concentrations similar to those reported in samples from infected patients, and then re-isolating the virus over a month. The study was also carried out in the dark, to remove the effect of UV light, as research has demonstrated direct sunlight can rapidly inactivate the virus.

澳大利亚最新研究显示，钞票、玻璃和其他常见表面上的新冠病毒可能在数周内一直具有传染性。这项研究强调了纸币、触屏设备、门把手和扶手传播病毒的风险。 澳大利亚联邦科学与工业研究组织的一项新研究显示，新冠病毒在手机和自动取款机屏幕等表面上可以存活28天，远比之前认为的要长，但在较软的表面上存活的时间要短得多。 此前美国卫生当局的研究表明，新冠病毒在气溶胶中可以存活3小时，在塑料和不锈钢表面可以存活3天。 澳大利亚研究人员在塑料钞票、废弃纸币和拉丝不锈钢、玻璃、乙烯基和棉布等常见表面上测试了新冠病毒。 在玻璃、不锈钢和纸币上，病毒在20摄氏度的温度下可以存活28天。 当温度上升到30摄氏度和40摄氏度时，病毒在这些表面存活了不到一周。研究发现，病毒在大部分表面停留大约6到7天后就开始失去活性。 棉花等更多孔的材料可以吸附病毒。在这些材料上，两周后就检测不到传染性病毒。 porous [ˈpɔːrəs]：adj.多孔渗水的；能渗透的；有气孔的 针对甲型流感的类似试验发现，甲流病毒可以在物体表面存活17天。 澳大利亚联邦科学与工业研究组织首席执行官拉里·马歇尔博士说：“确定病毒在物体表面存活的时间，使我们能够更准确地预测和减缓其传播，并更好地保护民众。” 该研究指出，新冠病毒主要通过在他人附近打喷嚏或咳嗽的感染者产生的气溶胶和飞沫传播。根据这项研究，受污染的表面在病毒传播中的作用尚未完全确定，但“被认为是一种潜在的传播方式，因此世卫组织和国家防控措施也高度重视勤洗手的作用”。 新冠病毒可以在物体表面存活多久？ 研究指出：“病毒在玻璃上可以存活很久是一个重要的发现，考虑到触屏设备，如手机、银行自动取款机、超市自助收银台和机场自助值机设备的触摸频率很高，可能无法定时清洁，因此会造成传播新冠病毒的风险。” “人们已经证实，手机可以藏匿病原体，导致院内传播，而且不像手可以经常清洁。” nosocomial [,nɒsə(ʊ)'kəʊmɪəl]：adj.医院的 该组织表示，这一发现可能有助于解释新冠病毒在屠宰场等低温环境中持续传播的原因。 澳大利亚疾病防控中心主任特雷弗·德鲁说，病毒在宿主体外表面的存活取决于许多因素。 德鲁教授说：“它们能存活多久并保持传染性取决于病毒的类型、数量、表面、环境条件以及病毒的沉积方式，例如，接触还是咳嗽排出的飞沫。” “体液中的蛋白质和脂肪也能显著增加病毒的存活时间。 这项研究是在维多利亚州吉隆市的澳大利亚疾病防控中心进行的，研究涉及在不同表面上的人造黏液中的干燥病毒，使其浓度与感染者样本中报告的浓度相似，然后在一个月的时间里重新分离病毒。 mucus [ˈmjuːkəs]：n.黏液 这项研究也在黑暗中进行，以消除紫外线的影响，因为研究已经证明直接的光线照射可以迅速灭活病毒。 英文来源：悉尼先驱晨报 翻译&编辑：yaning

由于新冠疫情的影响，大多数微软员工仍在家工作。近日，该公司在内部发布了“混合工作场所”指南，该指南指出，经过管理人员批准后微软员工可以永久性进行远程工作。 Corinne Kutz@corinnekutz/unsplash Microsoft has told staff that they will have the option of working from home permanently with manager approval. 微软公司告知员工，如果得到管理人员的批准，他们可以选择永久性在家办公。 The move mimics the US tech giant's rivals Facebook and Twitter, which have also said remote work would be a permanent option. 此举效仿了这家美国科技巨头的竞争对手脸书和推特，脸书和推特已表示员工可以选择永久远程办公。 It follows a rapid shift away from office working prompted by the coronavirus pandemic. 在此之前，由于新冠疫情暴发，人们的工作地点从办公室迅速转移到家中。 Many companies are reconsidering how much office space they need, expecting a long-term increase in remote staff. 许多公司预计远程办公人员的数量将会长期增长，因此正重新考虑所需的办公空间。 Microsoft said some roles will continue to require an in-person presence, such as those needing access to hardware, the firm added. But many staff will also be able to work from home part-time, without needing formal approval from their managers. 微软公司还表示，一些职位仍将需要来办公室上班，比如硬件相关职位。但许多员工也可以在家兼职，而这不需要得到管理人员的正式批准。 As of April, more than 46% of those employed were doing some work from home, according to the Office of National Statistics. 根据英国国家统计局的数据，截至今年4月，超过46%的员工在家办公。 That was comparable to the US, where 42% of the workforce was remote in May, according to Stanford University economics professor Nicholas Bloom, whose research looked at people aged 20-64, earning more than $10,000 last year. 斯坦福大学经济学教授尼古拉斯•布鲁姆表示，这一比例与美国相当，今年5月，美国42%的员工在家办公。这是尼古拉斯•布鲁姆对美国年薪在1万美元（约合人民币67221元）以上、20岁到64岁之间的职场人士进行调查后得出的结论。 While that share decreased to about 35% in August, it still marked a major change. Before the pandemic, just 2% of workers were remote full time, he said. 虽然这一比例在8月份下降到35%左右，但仍是一个重大变化。他说，在新冠疫情之前，只有2%的员工全职在家办公。 "What we're doing now is extremely unusual," he said. “我们现在所做的极其不寻常”，他说。 William Iven@firmbee/unsplash 永久的转变 Many employers hailed the shift initially as being surprisingly productive. But as the months have passed, some of the drawbacks have emerged. 起初，许多雇主称赞这一转变的成效令人惊讶。但几个月过去了，一些缺点也浮现出来。 For example, at a conference this month, Microsoft's own chief executive Satya Nadella said the lack of division between private life and work life meant "it sometimes feels like you are sleeping at work". 例如，在本月的一次会议上，微软首席执行官萨蒂亚•纳德拉表示，私人生活和工作之间缺乏区分，意味着“有时感觉就像你在工作时睡觉”。 As companies look beyond the pandemic, Prof Bloom said many are eyeing policies that combine two days a week at home with three days of office time, which will remain important for meetings, building company culture and loyalty and basic mental health. 布鲁姆教授表示，随着企业将目光投向疫情之后，许多企业正着眼于每周两天在家办公、三天在办公室上班等政策，这对于举行会议、建立企业文化和忠诚度，以及基本的心理健康仍然十分重要。 "The radical extremes - so, full-time in the office or full-time at home - are not ideal for most people," said Prof Bloom. 布鲁姆教授表示：“对于大多数人来说，全职在办公室工作或全职在家办公这样的极端做法并不理想。” But he said he did not expect the pre-pandemic office to return. 不过，他说，他认为我们回不到疫情前的办公状态。 "The Microsoft statement is completely in line with everything I've been hearing," he said. "There's pretty much uniform consensus now that the pandemic has permanently shifted the way we work." 他说：“微软的声明和我听到的完全一致。现在人们几乎一致认为，新冠疫情永久性地改变了我们的工作方式。” A Willis Towers Watson survey of US employers in May found that they expected 22% of staff to continue working from home after the pandemic, up from just 7% in 2019. 韦莱韬悦今年5月对美国雇主进行的一项调查发现，他们预计22%的员工在疫情结束后将继续在家办公，而2019年这一比例仅为7%。 About 55% of employers said they expected staff to work from home at least one day a week after concerns about the virus passes, a PWC survey found. And more than 80% of employees said they supported that idea. 普华永道的一项调查发现，约55%的雇主表示，在对病毒的担忧消除后，他们预计员工每周至少有一天在家工作。超过80%的员工表示支持这个想法。 Analysts say such a shift could have widespread implications, reducing demand for office and residential properties in expensive city centres. Rents in New York and San Francisco have already dropped. 分析师表示，这种转变可能产生广泛影响，降低对城市中心昂贵的写字楼和住宅的需求。纽约和旧金山的房租已经有所下降。 Prof Bloom said the changes in the workplace may help ease affordability issues, but won't spell the end of city centres. 布鲁姆教授表示，工作场所的变化可能有助于缓解经济负担，但并不意味着城市中心的终结。 spell the end of：预示……的结束 "The affordability levels of New York and San Francisco may go back to where they were in 2005," he said. "It's clearly not the case they're going to empty out." 他说：“纽约和旧金山的支付能力水平可能会回到2005年。很显然，城市中心不会完全清空。” 英文来源：BBC 翻译&编辑：yaning

Corinne Kutz@corinnekutz/unsplash Microsoft has told staff that they will have the option of working from home permanently with manager approval. The move mimics the US tech giant's rivals Facebook and Twitter, which have also said remote work would be a permanent option. It follows a rapid shift away from office working prompted by the coronavirus pandemic. Many companies are reconsidering how much office space they need, expecting a long-term increase in remote staff. Microsoft said some roles will continue to require an in-person presence, such as those needing access to hardware, the firm added. But many staff will also be able to work from home part-time, without needing formal approval from their managers. As of April, more than 46% of those employed were doing some work from home, according to the Office of National Statistics. That was comparable to the US, where 42% of the workforce was remote in May, according to Stanford University economics professor Nicholas Bloom, whose research looked at people aged 20-64, earning more than $10,000 last year. While that share decreased to about 35% in August, it still marked a major change. Before the pandemic, just 2% of workers were remote full time, he said. "What we're doing now is extremely unusual," he said. William Iven@firmbee/unsplash Many employers hailed the shift initially as being surprisingly productive. But as the months have passed, some of the drawbacks have emerged. For example, at a conference this month, Microsoft's own chief executive Satya Nadella said the lack of division between private life and work life meant "it sometimes feels like you are sleeping at work". As companies look beyond the pandemic, Prof Bloom said many are eyeing policies that combine two days a week at home with three days of office time, which will remain important for meetings, building company culture and loyalty and basic mental health. "The radical extremes - so, full-time in the office or full-time at home - are not ideal for most people," said Prof Bloom. But he said he did not expect the pre-pandemic office to return. "The Microsoft statement is completely in line with everything I've been hearing," he said. "There's pretty much uniform consensus now that the pandemic has permanently shifted the way we work." A Willis Towers Watson survey of US employers in May found that they expected 22% of staff to continue working from home after the pandemic, up from just 7% in 2019. About 55% of employers said they expected staff to work from home at least one day a week after concerns about the virus passes, a PWC survey found. And more than 80% of employees said they supported that idea. Analysts say such a shift could have widespread implications, reducing demand for office and residential properties in expensive city centres. Rents in New York and San Francisco have already dropped. Prof Bloom said the changes in the workplace may help ease affordability issues, but won't spell the end of city centres. "The affordability levels of New York and San Francisco may go back to where they were in 2005," he said. "It's clearly not the case they're going to empty out."

由于新冠疫情的影响，大多数微软员工仍在家工作。近日，该公司在内部发布了“混合工作场所”指南，该指南指出，经过管理人员批准后微软员工可以永久性进行远程工作。 微软公司告知员工，如果得到管理人员的批准，他们可以选择永久性在家办公。 此举效仿了这家美国科技巨头的竞争对手脸书和推特，脸书和推特已表示员工可以选择永久远程办公。 在此之前，由于新冠疫情暴发，人们的工作地点从办公室迅速转移到家中。 许多公司预计远程办公人员的数量将会长期增长，因此正重新考虑所需的办公空间。 微软公司还表示，一些职位仍将需要来办公室上班，比如硬件相关职位。但许多员工也可以在家兼职，而这不需要得到管理人员的正式批准。 根据英国国家统计局的数据，截至今年4月，超过46%的员工在家办公。 斯坦福大学经济学教授尼古拉斯•布鲁姆表示，这一比例与美国相当，今年5月，美国42%的员工在家办公。这是尼古拉斯•布鲁姆对美国年薪在1万美元（约合人民币67221元）以上、20岁到64岁之间的职场人士进行调查后得出的结论。 虽然这一比例在8月份下降到35%左右，但仍是一个重大变化。他说，在新冠疫情之前，只有2%的员工全职在家办公。 “我们现在所做的极其不寻常”，他说。 永久的转变 起初，许多雇主称赞这一转变的成效令人惊讶。但几个月过去了，一些缺点也浮现出来。 例如，在本月的一次会议上，微软首席执行官萨蒂亚•纳德拉表示，私人生活和工作之间缺乏区分，意味着“有时感觉就像你在工作时睡觉”。 布鲁姆教授表示，随着企业将目光投向疫情之后，许多企业正着眼于每周两天在家办公、三天在办公室上班等政策，这对于举行会议、建立企业文化和忠诚度，以及基本的心理健康仍然十分重要。 布鲁姆教授表示：“对于大多数人来说，全职在办公室工作或全职在家办公这样的极端做法并不理想。” 不过，他说，他认为我们回不到疫情前的办公状态。 他说：“微软的声明和我听到的完全一致。现在人们几乎一致认为，新冠疫情永久性地改变了我们的工作方式。” 韦莱韬悦今年5月对美国雇主进行的一项调查发现，他们预计22%的员工在疫情结束后将继续在家办公，而2019年这一比例仅为7%。 普华永道的一项调查发现，约55%的雇主表示，在对病毒的担忧消除后，他们预计员工每周至少有一天在家工作。超过80%的员工表示支持这个想法。 分析师表示，这种转变可能产生广泛影响，降低对城市中心昂贵的写字楼和住宅的需求。纽约和旧金山的房租已经有所下降。 布鲁姆教授表示，工作场所的变化可能有助于缓解经济负担，但并不意味着城市中心的终结。 spell the end of：预示……的结束 他说：“纽约和旧金山的支付能力水平可能会回到2005年。很显然，城市中心不会完全清空。” 英文来源：BBC 翻译&编辑：yaning

你可以想象，木头比玻璃更适合做窗户的材料吗？美国科学家最新研发的“透明木材”不但透明度可以媲美窗户，而且比窗户锁热能力更强、更环保、更耐用、更安全也更轻。 截图来自每日邮报网站 Scientists have designed ‘transparent wood’ that could replace conventional glass in windows. 科学家研发出了可以替代传统窗玻璃的“透明木材”。 The innovation was developed using wood from the balsa tree, which is native to South and Central America, and claims to be five times more thermally efficient than glass. 这一发明采用了原生于南美和中美的巴尔沙树的木材，据称热效率比玻璃高出五倍。 The team treated balsa wood in an oxidizing bath that bleaches it of nearly all visibility and then penetrated it with a synthetic polymer called polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) - creating a product that is virtually transparent. 该团队把木材泡在氧化剂里，褪去几乎所有可见的颜色，然后注入一种名为聚乙烯醇的合成聚合物，开发出几乎完全透明的一种产品。 Unlike traditional glass, the transparent wood can withstand much stronger impacts and will bend or splinter when damaged, instead of shattering. 和传统玻璃不同，这种透明木材可以承受更强烈的冲击，在受损时会弯曲或裂开，而不会粉碎。 The transparent wood was created by teams at the University of Maryland and University of Colorado, which set out to find a greener alternative to conventional glass – a production that creates 25,000 tons in emissions each year. 这种透明木材是由美国马里兰大学和科罗拉多大学的研究团队开发的，他们的初衷是找到可以替代传统玻璃的更环保的材料。玻璃产品每年都会产生2.5万吨的排放物。 Along with contributing to greenhouse gases, glass contributes to a loss of energy. 除了制造温室气体外，玻璃还会导致能量的流失。 'Residential building windows in particular account for 10–25% of the heat loss due to their poor thermal management capability,’ the team wrote in the study. 研究团队在报告中写道：“居民楼的玻璃窗户由于锁热能力不强，能量流失尤其严重，损失的热能占到了10%到25%。” 'Exploring energy efficient window materials is thus highly desirable to address heating costs, energy shortages, and the global impact of climate change associated with increased carbon emissions.’ “因此人们极其需要探寻节能窗户材料，以解决供热成本、能源短缺问题，还有与碳排放增加相关的气候变化引发的全球性影响。” The team notes that the bonding between PVA and cellulose in the wood, creates a tightly packed structure that allows for more thermal protection and makes it more durable and lighter than glass. 研究团队指出，聚乙烯醇和木材中的纤维素结合，创造出一种高密度的结构，既能更好地锁住热能，也比玻璃更耐用、更轻。 'Switching to transparent wood could prove to be cost efficient as well,’ researchers shared in a statement. 研究人员在一份声明中分享道：“事实将证明，改用透明木头还能节省成本。” 'It is approximately five times more thermally efficient than glass, cutting energy costs.’ “透明木头的热效率比玻璃高出五倍，减少了能源成本。” 'It is made from a sustainable, renewable resource with low carbon emissions. It’s also compatible with existing industrial processing equipment, making the transition into manufacturing an easy prospect.’ “这种新材料源自碳排放量低的可持续、可再生的资源。而且这种木材也适用于现有的工业处理设备，这使得未来投入生产更容易。” 来源：每日邮报 翻译&编辑：丹妮

Scientists have designed ‘transparent wood’ that could replace conventional glass in windows. The innovation was developed using wood from the balsa tree, which is native to South and Central America, and claims to be five times more thermally efficient than glass. The team treated balsa wood in an oxidizing bath that bleaches it of nearly all visibility and then penetrated it with a synthetic polymer called polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) - creating a product that is virtually transparent. Unlike traditional glass, the transparent wood can withstand much stronger impacts and will bend or splinter when damaged, instead of shattering. The transparent wood was created by teams at the University of Maryland and University of Colorado, which set out to find a greener alternative to conventional glass – a production that creates 25,000 tons in emissions each year. Along with contributing to greenhouse gases, glass contributes to a loss of energy. 'Residential building windows in particular account for 10–25% of the heat loss due to their poor thermal management capability,’ the team wrote in the study. 'Exploring energy efficient window materials is thus highly desirable to address heating costs, energy shortages, and the global impact of climate change associated with increased carbon emissions.’ The team notes that the bonding between PVA and cellulose in the wood, creates a tightly packed structure that allows for more thermal protection and makes it more durable and lighter than glass. 'Switching to transparent wood could prove to be cost efficient as well,’ researchers shared in a statement. 'It is approximately five times more thermally efficient than glass, cutting energy costs.’ 'It is made from a sustainable, renewable resource with low carbon emissions. It’s also compatible with existing industrial processing equipment, making the transition into manufacturing an easy prospect.’

你可以想象，木头比玻璃更适合做窗户的材料吗？美国科学家最新研发的“透明木材”不但透明度可以媲美窗户，而且比窗户锁热能力更强、更环保、更耐用、更安全也更轻。 截图来自每日邮报网站 科学家研发出了可以替代传统窗玻璃的“透明木材”。 这一发明采用了原生于南美和中美的巴尔沙树的木材，据称热效率比玻璃高出五倍。 该团队把木材泡在氧化剂里，褪去几乎所有可见的颜色，然后注入一种名为聚乙烯醇的合成聚合物，开发出几乎完全透明的一种产品。 和传统玻璃不同，这种透明木材可以承受更强烈的冲击，在受损时会弯曲或裂开，而不会粉碎。 这种透明木材是由美国马里兰大学和科罗拉多大学的研究团队开发的，他们的初衷是找到可以替代传统玻璃的更环保的材料。玻璃产品每年都会产生2.5万吨的排放物。 除了制造温室气体外，玻璃还会导致能量的流失。 研究团队在报告中写道：“居民楼的玻璃窗户由于锁热能力不强，能量流失尤其严重，损失的热能占到了10%到25%。” “因此人们极其需要探寻节能窗户材料，以解决供热成本、能源短缺问题，还有与碳排放增加相关的气候变化引发的全球性影响。” 研究团队指出，聚乙烯醇和木材中的纤维素结合，创造出一种高密度的结构，既能更好地锁住热能，也比玻璃更耐用、更轻。 研究人员在一份声明中分享道：“事实将证明，改用透明木头还能节省成本。” “透明木头的热效率比玻璃高出五倍，减少了能源成本。” “这种新材料源自碳排放量低的可持续、可再生的资源。而且这种木材也适用于现有的工业处理设备，这使得未来投入生产更容易。” 来源：每日邮报 翻译&编辑：丹妮

每年的10月10日是世界精神卫生日。根据英国的一项最新调查，在全球新冠疫情期间，超过半数受访者表示，对找工作的担忧对他们的心理健康影响最大。有四成员工表示，他们的心理健康状况比一年前更糟。 A woman walks past an employment agency "ExtraStaff" in North London, amid the spread of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), in London, Britain June 16, 2020. [Photo/Agencies] The pressure and responsibility of being an employee during a global pandemic can put a lot of stress on people, especially with the changes in work patterns and the risk of losing a job. 在全球新冠疫情期间，作为一名员工的压力和责任会让人倍感紧张，特别是在工作模式发生变化和有被解聘的风险的情况下。 A staggering 57.3% of UK workers said that worrying about not being able to find a job has had the biggest impact on their mental health, according to a study by CV-Library. CV-Library的一项调查显示，57.3%的英国员工表示，担心找不到工作对他们的心理健康影响最大。这一比例之大令人震惊。 The study also shows that 43.7% of professionals feel their work-life balance is worse than a year ago with a further 61% stating working from home as the main reason for this. 该调查还显示，43.7%的职场人士认为他们的工作和生活平衡比一年前更差，其中61%的人表示在家工作是主要原因。 In addition, the data shows that 50% of employees aged 25-34 are the most likely to blame remote working, followed by 35-54 (40%) and 55-64 (39.6%). 数据还显示，在25岁到34岁之间的员工中，有50%的人最容易将远程办公归为主要原因。排在之后的是35岁到54岁之间的员工（40%）和55岁到64岁之间的员工（39.6%）。 Nearly three-quarters (72.9%) of the individuals surveyed said that they would look for a new job in order to secure a better work-life balance. 近四分之三（72.9%）的受访者表示，他们会寻找一份新工作，以确保更好的工作和生活平衡。 Of the respondents, 50.2% said that they had experienced financial difficulties, since the onset of COVID-19. While, four in 10 or 42.9% of employees said their mental health is worse than it was a year ago. 50.2%的受访者表示，他们自新冠疫情以来经历过财务困难。然而，有四成员工（42.9%）表示，他们的心理健康状况比一年前更糟。 CV-Library’s research also revealed that female workers appear to be suffering more than their male counterparts, 46.9% and 39.9% respectively. 该调查还显示，女员工比男员工的心理健康状况更糟糕，女性员工和男性员工心理健康状况比一年前更糟的比例分别为46.9%和39.9%。 Meanwhile, 36.3% of those surveyed said that worrying about the health and wellbeing of friends and/or family members has caused them to experience poor mental health. 与此同时，36.3%的受访者表示，担心亲友的健康和幸福导致他们的心理健康状况不佳。 Additionally, 26% named worrying about the spread of coronavirus as their biggest concern. 此外，26%的受访者表示最担心新冠病毒的传播。 Interestingly, these worries remain the same across all genders and age groups with the exception of workers aged 35-44, who felt that experiencing financial difficulties (54.5%) had the biggest impact on their mental health. 有趣的是，除了35岁到44岁的员工（54.5%）认为经济困难对他们心理健康的影响最大之外，这些担忧在所有性别和年龄组中都是一样的。 The job board surveyed 1,300 professionals in an effort to ascertain how COVID-19 has impacted the wellbeing of the nation’s workforce, ahead of World Mental Health Day on 10 October. 英国就业委员会在10月10日世界精神卫生日之前调查了1300名职场人士，以确定新冠疫情如何影响劳动力的健康水平。 Founder and CEO of CV-Library, Lee Biggins, said: “The last seven months has been filled with a great amount of uncertainty and it’s understandable that so many professionals feel their mental health is suffering. What’s more, it’s understandable that worrying about finding a new job is one of the biggest concerns for UK workers, as many individuals have been made redundant and employment opportunities have been scarce. CV-Library的创始人兼首席执行官李·比金斯说：“过去7个月充满了很大的不确定性，所以可以理解这么多职场人士感到自己的心理健康受到了影响。此外，英国职员最担心的问题之一是如何找到一份新工作，这是可以理解的，因为许多人被解雇了，就业机会一直很稀缺。” redundant [rɪˈdʌndənt]：adj.被解雇的，失业的 “It’s only natural to feel anxious during such challenging times. And, while the UK job market may take some time to fully recover, it’s important to remember that the situation is already improving. In fact, as time goes on, we’re seeing more job postings being added to our site every week. “在这样的挑战时期感到焦虑是很自然的。尽管英国就业市场可能需要一段时间才能完全恢复，但重要的是要记住，情况已经在改善。事实上，随着时间的推移，我们每周都会看到网站上增加了更多的招聘信息。” “The government has once again recommended that professionals should work from home where possible. While this may be good news for some, those who struggle to find a healthy work-life balance will be dreading the next few months. If you feel this way – don't panic. “政府再次建议大家尽可能在家工作。虽然这对一些人来说可能是好消息，但那些努力找到健康的工作和生活平衡的人将会在接下来的几个月感到担忧。如果你有这种感觉，不要惊慌。” “Start by identifying a clear working pattern with a well-defined break for lunch. This will force you to step away from work without feeling guilty. If possible, try to keep your work physically separate from your home life. Whether you do this by working in a different room, or by keeping your work laptop and documents out of sight in the evening, getting some separation is key.” “首先要确定一个清晰的工作模式，有明确的午休时间。这将使你停下工作而不感到内疚。如果可能的话，尽量把工作和家庭生活分隔开。不管你是在不同的房间工作，还是在晚上把工作笔记本电脑和文件放在看不见的地方，把它们分开是关键。” 英文来源：雅虎新闻 翻译&编辑：yaning

A woman walks past an employment agency "ExtraStaff" in North London, amid the spread of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), in London, Britain June 16, 2020. [Photo/Agencies] The pressure and responsibility of being an employee during a global pandemic can put a lot of stress on people, especially with the changes in work patterns and the risk of losing a job. A staggering 57.3% of UK workers said that worrying about not being able to find a job has had the biggest impact on their mental health, according to a study by CV-Library. The study also shows that 43.7% of professionals feel their work-life balance is worse than a year ago with a further 61% stating working from home as the main reason for this. In addition, the data shows that 50% of employees aged 25-34 are the most likely to blame remote working, followed by 35-54 (40%) and 55-64 (39.6%). Nearly three-quarters (72.9%) of the individuals surveyed said that they would look for a new job in order to secure a better work-life balance. Of the respondents, 50.2% said that they had experienced financial difficulties, since the onset of COVID-19. While, four in 10 or 42.9% of employees said their mental health is worse than it was a year ago. CV-Library’s research also revealed that female workers appear to be suffering more than their male counterparts, 46.9% and 39.9% respectively. Meanwhile, 36.3% of those surveyed said that worrying about the health and wellbeing of friends and/or family members has caused them to experience poor mental health. Additionally, 26% named worrying about the spread of coronavirus as their biggest concern. Interestingly, these worries remain the same across all genders and age groups with the exception of workers aged 35-44, who felt that experiencing financial difficulties (54.5%) had the biggest impact on their mental health. The job board surveyed 1,300 professionals in an effort to ascertain how COVID-19 has impacted the wellbeing of the nation’s workforce, ahead of World Mental Health Day on 10 October. Founder and CEO of CV-Library, Lee Biggins, said: “The last seven months has been filled with a great amount of uncertainty and it’s understandable that so many professionals feel their mental health is suffering. What’s more, it’s understandable that worrying about finding a new job is one of the biggest concerns for UK workers, as many individuals have been made redundant and employment opportunities have been scarce. “It’s only natural to feel anxious during such challenging times. And, while the UK job market may take some time to fully recover, it’s important to remember that the situation is already improving. In fact, as time goes on, we’re seeing more job postings being added to our site every week. “The government has once again recommended that professionals should work from home where possible. While this may be good news for some, those who struggle to find a healthy work-life balance will be dreading the next few months. If you feel this way – don't panic. “Start by identifying a clear working pattern with a well-defined break for lunch. This will force you to step away from work without feeling guilty. If possible, try to keep your work physically separate from your home life. Whether you do this by working in a different room, or by keeping your work laptop and documents out of sight in the evening, getting some separation is key.”

每年的10月10日是世界精神卫生日。根据英国的一项最新调查，在全球新冠疫情期间，超过半数受访者表示，对找工作的担忧对他们的心理健康影响最大。有四成员工表示，他们的心理健康状况比一年前更糟。 在全球新冠疫情期间，作为一名员工的压力和责任会让人倍感紧张，特别是在工作模式发生变化和有被解聘的风险的情况下。 CV-Library的一项调查显示，57.3%的英国员工表示，担心找不到工作对他们的心理健康影响最大。这一比例之大令人震惊。 该调查还显示，43.7%的职场人士认为他们的工作和生活平衡比一年前更差，其中61%的人表示在家工作是主要原因。 数据还显示，在25岁到34岁之间的员工中，有50%的人最容易将远程办公归为主要原因。排在之后的是35岁到54岁之间的员工（40%）和55岁到64岁之间的员工（39.6%）。 近四分之三（72.9%）的受访者表示，他们会寻找一份新工作，以确保更好的工作和生活平衡。 50.2%的受访者表示，他们自新冠疫情以来经历过财务困难。然而，有四成员工（42.9%）表示，他们的心理健康状况比一年前更糟。 该调查还显示，女员工比男员工的心理健康状况更糟糕，女性员工和男性员工心理健康状况比一年前更糟的比例分别为46.9%和39.9%。 与此同时，36.3%的受访者表示，担心亲友的健康和幸福导致他们的心理健康状况不佳。 此外，26%的受访者表示最担心新冠病毒的传播。 有趣的是，除了35岁到44岁的员工（54.5%）认为经济困难对他们心理健康的影响最大之外，这些担忧在所有性别和年龄组中都是一样的。 英国就业委员会在10月10日世界精神卫生日之前调查了1300名职场人士，以确定新冠疫情如何影响劳动力的健康水平。 CV-Library的创始人兼首席执行官李·比金斯说：“过去7个月充满了很大的不确定性，所以可以理解这么多职场人士感到自己的心理健康受到了影响。此外，英国职员最担心的问题之一是如何找到一份新工作，这是可以理解的，因为许多人被解雇了，就业机会一直很稀缺。” redundant [rɪˈdʌndənt]：adj.被解雇的，失业的 “在这样的挑战时期感到焦虑是很自然的。尽管英国就业市场可能需要一段时间才能完全恢复，但重要的是要记住，情况已经在改善。事实上，随着时间的推移，我们每周都会看到网站上增加了更多的招聘信息。” “政府再次建议大家尽可能在家工作。虽然这对一些人来说可能是好消息，但那些努力找到健康的工作和生活平衡的人将会在接下来的几个月感到担忧。如果你有这种感觉，不要惊慌。” “首先要确定一个清晰的工作模式，有明确的午休时间。这将使你停下工作而不感到内疚。如果可能的话，尽量把工作和家庭生活分隔开。不管你是在不同的房间工作，还是在晚上把工作笔记本电脑和文件放在看不见的地方，把它们分开是关键。” 英文来源：雅虎新闻 翻译&编辑：yaning

迪士尼公司宣布，原定于11月在美国影院上映的皮克斯电影《心灵奇旅》将退出档期，改为在Disney+流媒体平台上线。作为2020年最值得期待的皮克斯动画之一，《心灵奇旅》将于圣诞节当天（12月25日）以点播的方式和大家见面。在没有Disney+服务的国家和地区，仍将在影院上映。 Tina Fey and Jamie Foxx voice characters in Disney Pixar’s “Soul.” (Credit: Disney) Disney’s “Soul” will no longer debut in theaters. The new Pixar animated feature will instead arrive on the company’s streaming service Disney+ on December 25. 迪士尼电影《心灵奇旅》将不再在影院首映。这部皮克斯新动画长片将于12月25日登陆迪士尼流媒体服务平台Disney+。 "We are thrilled to share Pixar’s spectacular and moving ‘Soul’ with audiences direct to Disney+ in December,” said Bob Chapek, CEO of The Walt Disney Company. “A new original Pixar film is always a special occasion, and this truly heartwarming and humorous story about human connection and finding one’s place in the world will be a treat for families to enjoy together this holiday season.” 华特迪士尼公司首席执行官鲍勃·察佩克称：“我们很激动地宣布，将于12月在Disney+平台和观众直接分享精彩又感人的皮克斯电影《心灵奇旅》。每一部皮克斯原创新片的发布，都是一个特别的时刻。这个关于人情纽带和寻找自己在世间位置的真正暖心又幽默的故事将会是这个圣诞季与家人同乐的一道盛宴。” The move comes as Cineworld, which owns Regal Cinemas, has closed more than 500 theaters in the US. That loss has forced Disney and other studios to rethink their distribution strategies. 迪士尼公司此举恰逢帝王影院的母公司Cineworld关闭在美国的500多家影院。这一损失迫使迪士尼和其他电影公司重新考虑自己的发行战略。 Unlike Disney’s “Mulan,” which skipped theaters to go to Disney+ in September, it appears that “Soul” will be free as part of the traditional streaming on-demand service. 和迪士尼公司的《花木兰》不同，《心灵奇旅》对于流媒体平台Disney+用户是免费的，将以传统点播方式播出。《花木兰》则是在九月份跳过院线在Disney+开放（付费）点播。 The movement of “Soul” from the calendar is yet another blow to movie theaters. Major cinemas have struggled since reopening in August as attendance has been low and a number of Hollywood blockbusters have postponed into next year. 《心灵奇旅》的撤档对于影院又是一个打击。自从八月份重新开门营业以来，大型影院一直度日维艰，一方面上座率很低，另一方面一大批好莱坞大片已推迟到明年上映。 The delay of “Wonder Woman 1984,” “Black Widow,” “No Time to Die” and more have left a gaping hole in the theatrical calendar. And there are fears that even more films could be pushed in the coming weeks. 《神奇女侠1984》、《黑寡妇》、《007：无暇赴死》等多部大片的延后上映在影院排期上留下了一个巨大的缺口。而且有人担心未来数周还会有更多影片推迟档期。 英文来源：CNBC 翻译&编辑：丹妮

Tina Fey and Jamie Foxx voice characters in Disney Pixar’s “Soul.” (Credit: Disney) Disney’s “Soul” will no longer debut in theaters. The new Pixar animated feature will instead arrive on the company’s streaming service Disney+ on December 25. "We are thrilled to share Pixar’s spectacular and moving ‘Soul’ with audiences direct to Disney+ in December,” said Bob Chapek, CEO of The Walt Disney Company. “A new original Pixar film is always a special occasion, and this truly heartwarming and humorous story about human connection and finding one’s place in the world will be a treat for families to enjoy together this holiday season.” The move comes as Cineworld, which owns Regal Cinemas, has closed more than 500 theaters in the US. That loss has forced Disney and other studios to rethink their distribution strategies. Unlike Disney’s “Mulan,” which skipped theaters to go to Disney+ in September, it appears that “Soul” will be free as part of the traditional streaming on-demand service. The movement of “Soul” from the calendar is yet another blow to movie theaters. Major cinemas have struggled since reopening in August as attendance has been low and a number of Hollywood blockbusters have postponed into next year. The delay of “Wonder Woman 1984,” “Black Widow,” “No Time to Die” and more have left a gaping hole in the theatrical calendar. And there are fears that even more films could be pushed in the coming weeks.

迪士尼公司宣布，原定于11月在美国影院上映的皮克斯电影《心灵奇旅》将退出档期，改为在Disney+流媒体平台上线。作为2020年最值得期待的皮克斯动画之一，《心灵奇旅》将于圣诞节当天（12月25日）以点播的方式和大家见面。在没有Disney+服务的国家和地区，仍将在影院上映。 迪士尼电影《心灵奇旅》将不再在影院首映。这部皮克斯新动画长片将于12月25日登陆迪士尼流媒体服务平台Disney+。 华特迪士尼公司首席执行官鲍勃·察佩克称：“我们很激动地宣布，将于12月在Disney+平台和观众直接分享精彩又感人的皮克斯电影《心灵奇旅》。每一部皮克斯原创新片的发布，都是一个特别的时刻。这个关于人情纽带和寻找自己在世间位置的真正暖心又幽默的故事将会是这个圣诞季与家人同乐的一道盛宴。” 迪士尼公司此举恰逢帝王影院的母公司Cineworld关闭在美国的500多家影院。这一损失迫使迪士尼和其他电影公司重新考虑自己的发行战略。 和迪士尼公司的《花木兰》不同，《心灵奇旅》对于流媒体平台Disney+用户是免费的，将以传统点播方式播出。《花木兰》则是在九月份跳过院线在Disney+开放（付费）点播。 《心灵奇旅》的撤档对于影院又是一个打击。自从八月份重新开门营业以来，大型影院一直度日维艰，一方面上座率很低，另一方面一大批好莱坞大片已推迟到明年上映。 《神奇女侠1984》、《黑寡妇》、《007：无暇赴死》等多部大片的延后上映在影院排期上留下了一个巨大的缺口。而且有人担心未来数周还会有更多影片推迟档期。 英文来源：CNBC 翻译&编辑：丹妮

英国首相鲍里斯·约翰逊已签署一项最新的三级封锁限制措施，将根据疫情发展的程度对各地进行分级，划分为高、中、低风险，采取不同的封锁措施。该制度将于10月12日公布，并于10月14日开始执行。 A woman walks past a sign for a COVID-19 test centre amid the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak, in Bolton, Britain, Sept 17, 2020. [Photo/Agencies] Boris Johnson is drawing up plans to shut pubs and restaurants in the north of England within days to contain a surging infection rate. 英国首相鲍里斯·约翰逊正在起草计划，在几天内关闭英格兰北部的酒吧和餐馆，以控制激增的新冠肺炎感染率。 There could also be a ban on overnight stays away from home in some areas. 在一些地区，还可能禁止人们离家过夜。 It comes after Scotland announced pubs in the worst-hit areas would shut for 16 days. 苏格兰此前宣布，疫情最严重地区的酒吧将关闭16天。 Ministers will reportedly meet to sign off on final details including wage support for the struggling hospitality sector. 据报道，大臣们将举行会议敲定最终细节，包括为陷入困境的酒店业提供工资支持。 The tough restrictions are expected to affect 10 million people in the north of England - including the cities of Manchester, Liverpool and Newcastle. 严格的限制措施预计将影响到英格兰北部的1000万人，包括曼彻斯特、利物浦和纽卡斯尔等城市。 Those areas will fall under tier-three lockdown measures on a simplified “traffic light” system of restrictions expected to be announced next week. 英国预计将于下周宣布简化的“交通灯”三级封锁措施，上述地区将成为“三级封锁”地区。 Tier 1 will see current social distancing measures, the “rule of six” and a pub curfew of 10pm enforced, according to reports. 据报道，一级封锁地区将继续实施当前的保持社交距离、六人社交聚会禁令和10点酒吧宵禁措施。 curfew [ˈkɜːfjuː]：n.宵禁；宵禁令 Areas in Tier 2 will have the same restrictions plus a ban on households mixing. 二级封锁地区除此之外还将禁止不同家庭之间互相探访。 Tier 3 sees pubs and restaurants ordered to shut. 三级封锁地区（除了一级和二级的限制措施外）还将关闭餐馆和酒吧。 Chancellor Rishi Sunak is tipped to announce a new wage support scheme for hospitality workers. 英国财政大臣里什·苏纳克可能会宣布一项针对酒店员工的新工资支持计划。 Speaking on BBC’s Radio 4 Today programme, UK Hospitality chief executive Kate Nicholls called for “full furlough” to be reintroduced. 在英国广播公司第4频道的《今日》节目中，英国酒店业协会首席执行官凯特·尼科尔斯呼吁重新实行全面休假。 “That was imperative for saving jobs,” she said, adding that one million workers remain on furlough just as tighter restrictions are being introduced. 她说：“这对于保住工作岗位至关重要。”她还说，在实施更严格的限制措施之际，仍有100万名员工在休假。 Highlighting the scale of the problem, Ms Nicolls said a £40 million rescue plan for the Scottish hospitality industry equated to £2,000 per venue. 尼科尔斯女士强调了这个问题的严重性，她说对苏格兰酒店业的4000万英镑（约合人民币3.5亿元）的救助计划相当于每个酒店将得到2000英镑。 She said: “It barely keeps the lights on let alone saves a job.” 她说：“这几乎不能让酒店维持营业，更不用说保住工作职位了。” On the continent, all cafes, student beer halls, bars and tea rooms in Brussels have closed for a month in a "code red" lockdown. 在欧洲大陆，布鲁塞尔实行“红色警戒”封锁，所有的咖啡馆、学生啤酒屋、酒吧和茶室都已关闭一个月。 The measures go beyond the 11pm curfew which is in place across Belgium. 与比利时实行的晚间11点宵禁相比，这些措施更加严格。 And in Paris, bars and cafes remain closed for another two weeks after shutting completely on Oct 6. 在巴黎，酒吧和咖啡馆自10月6日起完全关闭两周。 英文来源：thenational.ae 翻译&编辑：yaning

A woman walks past a sign for a COVID-19 test centre amid the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak, in Bolton, Britain, Sept 17, 2020. [Photo/Agencies] Boris Johnson is drawing up plans to shut pubs and restaurants in the north of England within days to contain a surging infection rate. There could also be a ban on overnight stays away from home in some areas. It comes after Scotland announced pubs in the worst-hit areas would shut for 16 days. Ministers will reportedly meet to sign off on final details including wage support for the struggling hospitality sector. The tough restrictions are expected to affect 10 million people in the north of England - including the cities of Manchester, Liverpool and Newcastle. Those areas will fall under tier-three lockdown measures on a simplified “traffic light” system of restrictions expected to be announced next week. Tier 1 will see current social distancing measures, the “rule of six” and a pub curfew of 10pm enforced, according to reports. Areas in Tier 2 will have the same restrictions plus a ban on households mixing. Tier 3 sees pubs and restaurants ordered to shut. Chancellor Rishi Sunak is tipped to announce a new wage support scheme for hospitality workers. Speaking on BBC’s Radio 4 Today programme, UK Hospitality chief executive Kate Nicholls called for “full furlough” to be reintroduced. “That was imperative for saving jobs,” she said, adding that one million workers remain on furlough just as tighter restrictions are being introduced. Highlighting the scale of the problem, Ms Nicolls said a £40 million rescue plan for the Scottish hospitality industry equated to £2,000 per venue. She said: “It barely keeps the lights on let alone saves a job.” On the continent, all cafes, student beer halls, bars and tea rooms in Brussels have closed for a month in a "code red" lockdown. The measures go beyond the 11pm curfew which is in place across Belgium. And in Paris, bars and cafes remain closed for another two weeks after shutting completely on Oct 6.

英国首相鲍里斯·约翰逊已签署一项最新的三级封锁限制措施，将根据疫情发展的程度对各地进行分级，划分为高、中、低风险，采取不同的封锁措施。该制度将于10月12日公布，并于10月14日开始执行。 英国首相鲍里斯·约翰逊正在起草计划，在几天内关闭英格兰北部的酒吧和餐馆，以控制激增的新冠肺炎感染率。 在一些地区，还可能禁止人们离家过夜。 苏格兰此前宣布，疫情最严重地区的酒吧将关闭16天。 据报道，大臣们将举行会议敲定最终细节，包括为陷入困境的酒店业提供工资支持。 严格的限制措施预计将影响到英格兰北部的1000万人，包括曼彻斯特、利物浦和纽卡斯尔等城市。 英国预计将于下周宣布简化的“交通灯”三级封锁措施，上述地区将成为“三级封锁”地区。 据报道，一级封锁地区将继续实施当前的保持社交距离、六人社交聚会禁令和10点酒吧宵禁措施。 curfew [ˈkɜːfjuː]：n.宵禁；宵禁令 二级封锁地区除此之外还将禁止不同家庭之间互相探访。 三级封锁地区（除了一级和二级的限制措施外）还将关闭餐馆和酒吧。 英国财政大臣里什·苏纳克可能会宣布一项针对酒店员工的新工资支持计划。 在英国广播公司第4频道的《今日》节目中，英国酒店业协会首席执行官凯特·尼科尔斯呼吁重新实行全面休假。 她说：“这对于保住工作岗位至关重要。”她还说，在实施更严格的限制措施之际，仍有100万名员工在休假。 尼科尔斯女士强调了这个问题的严重性，她说对苏格兰酒店业的4000万英镑（约合人民币3.5亿元）的救助计划相当于每个酒店将得到2000英镑。 她说：“这几乎不能让酒店维持营业，更不用说保住工作职位了。” 在欧洲大陆，布鲁塞尔实行“红色警戒”封锁，所有的咖啡馆、学生啤酒屋、酒吧和茶室都已关闭一个月。 与比利时实行的晚间11点宵禁相比，这些措施更加严格。 在巴黎，酒吧和咖啡馆自10月6日起完全关闭两周。 英文来源：thenational.ae 翻译&编辑：yaning

秋天的叶子很美，但是如果要你花钱去买，你愿意吗？英国一家超市近日开始出售成束的叶子，6英镑的定价足以买一束鲜花，这是风雅还是抢钱？ Photo: Twitter UK-based supermarket Waitrose has been slammed by social media users for selling bouquets of “autumn seasonal foliage” at £6 apiece. 英国高端超市维特罗斯近日遭到社交媒体用户的炮轰，因为该超市出售成束的“秋叶”，每束定价6英镑（约合人民币53元）。 Photos of various tree leaves packaged in transparent plastic foil and arranged as flower bouquets went viral on social media lately, sparking controversy because of the product’s price, six British pounds. Considering tree leaves can literally be picked up from the street this time of year, it’s understandable that some people went after Waitrose, accusing the supermarket of trying to make money by selling something that is actually free. 该超市将各种树叶用透明的塑料箔纸包起来，扎成花束的样子。这款树叶产品的照片近日在社交媒体上被疯传，因为产品价格（6英镑）而引发了争议。考虑到现在这个季节树叶在大街上随处可拾，可以理解为什么有些人会指责维特罗斯超市售卖免费的东西来赚钱。 "A bag of actual leaves?? I’ll sell you a bin bag of leaves for 10p,” one Twitter user wrote. 一名推特用户写道：“一包真叶子？？我可以卖给你满满一垃圾袋的叶子，只收10便士。” "This has got to be from the drunk Monday morning meeting category of ideas,” someone else commented. 另外一名用户评论道：“这也许是一帮喝醉酒的人在周一晨会上想出来的创意。” Apparently, the bizarre foliage bouquets appeared on Waitrose supermarket shelves as a way to welcome autumn, and featured a sticker urging customers to “bring the outdoors inside”. 显然，这种奇异的“叶束”出现在维特罗斯超市的货架上是迎接秋天的一种方式，上面还贴着标签，鼓励顾客“把窗外风景带进家门”。 "Bring the outdoors indoors and brighten up your home with freshly picked flowers that reflect the colors of the season,” the official product description read. “We source the best blooms from expert growers, and handle them gently on their journey to our stores so they look beautiful for longer.” 官方的产品描述写道：“把窗外风景带进门，用新鲜采摘的时令花草来装饰你的家。我们的优质花草都来自栽培专家，并在运送途中温柔呵护，使其美丽持久。” Photo: Twitter Despite the generally negative feedback to its autumn-themed product, the British supermarket explained its decision to charge £6 for a bunch of tree leaves by claiming that it was inspired by a demand from shoppers. 尽管人们对这款秋季主题产品的反馈普遍是负面的，但是这家英国超市解释道，决定对一捆树叶收费6英镑是受消费者的需求启发。 "We’ve seen a really strong demand for autumn foliage – our customers love using these to mix in with their seasonal flowers to brighten their homes,” a Waitrose spokesperson told The Sun. 维特罗斯超市的一名发言人告诉《太阳报》说：“我们目睹了人们对秋叶的强烈需求，我们的顾客喜欢把秋天的树叶和时令鲜花混合在一起装饰自己的家。” Actual leaves. Outside on the street, is below. Inside, £6 for the pleasure — Sharon Hanley (@sharonlhanley) September 20, 2020 真叶子。在门外，大街上，它就在脚下。在室内，花6英镑买个开心。 ——沙伦·汉利@sharonlhanley，2020年9月20日 Interestingly, there were those who seemed to somewhat justify the price tag of this bag of leaves by saying that it was obviously “high quality foliage”. That may be true, but considering you could buy flower bouquets or even bottles of wine for that same price or less, it still seems like a money grab. 有趣的是，有些人似乎在为这包树叶的价格辩护，表示这显然是“高质量的叶子”。这也许是真的，但考虑到你可以用同样甚至更低的价格买到花束甚至葡萄酒，这还是有抢钱的感觉。 This isn’t the first time that English shops and supermarkets make news headlines for selling free things at exorbitant prices. First, there is a posh shop in London, that sold painted logs for $14 apiece, and there was artisan shop Botanique and its $22 chopped tree branches. 这不是英国商店和超市第一次因为以过高的价格出售免费的东西而上新闻头条了。前有伦敦的一家时尚服饰店出售14美元（约合人民币95元）一根的彩绘原木，后有工艺品商店Botanique售价22美元的树枝。 英文来源：Oddity Central 翻译&编辑：丹妮

Photo: Twitter UK-based supermarket Waitrose has been slammed by social media users for selling bouquets of “autumn seasonal foliage” at £6 apiece. Photos of various tree leaves packaged in transparent plastic foil and arranged as flower bouquets went viral on social media lately, sparking controversy because of the product’s price, six British pounds. Considering tree leaves can literally be picked up from the street this time of year, it’s understandable that some people went after Waitrose, accusing the supermarket of trying to make money by selling something that is actually free. "A bag of actual leaves?? I’ll sell you a bin bag of leaves for 10p,” one Twitter user wrote. "This has got to be from the drunk Monday morning meeting category of ideas,” someone else commented. Apparently, the bizarre foliage bouquets appeared on Waitrose supermarket shelves as a way to welcome autumn, and featured a sticker urging customers to “bring the outdoors inside”. "Bring the outdoors indoors and brighten up your home with freshly picked flowers that reflect the colors of the season,” the official product description read. “We source the best blooms from expert growers, and handle them gently on their journey to our stores so they look beautiful for longer.” Photo: Twitter Despite the generally negative feedback to its autumn-themed product, the British supermarket explained its decision to charge £6 for a bunch of tree leaves by claiming that it was inspired by a demand from shoppers. "We’ve seen a really strong demand for autumn foliage – our customers love using these to mix in with their seasonal flowers to brighten their homes,” a Waitrose spokesperson told The Sun. Actual leaves. Outside on the street, is below. Inside, £6 for the pleasure — Sharon Hanley (@sharonlhanley) September 20, 2020 Interestingly, there were those who seemed to somewhat justify the price tag of this bag of leaves by saying that it was obviously “high quality foliage”. That may be true, but considering you could buy flower bouquets or even bottles of wine for that same price or less, it still seems like a money grab. This isn’t the first time that English shops and supermarkets make news headlines for selling free things at exorbitant prices. First, there is a posh shop in London, that sold painted logs for $14 apiece, and there was artisan shop Botanique and its $22 chopped tree branches.

秋天的叶子很美，但是如果要你花钱去买，你愿意吗？英国一家超市近日开始出售成束的叶子，6英镑的定价足以买一束鲜花，这是风雅还是抢钱？ 英国高端超市维特罗斯近日遭到社交媒体用户的炮轰，因为该超市出售成束的“秋叶”，每束定价6英镑（约合人民币53元）。 该超市将各种树叶用透明的塑料箔纸包起来，扎成花束的样子。这款树叶产品的照片近日在社交媒体上被疯传，因为产品价格（6英镑）而引发了争议。考虑到现在这个季节树叶在大街上随处可拾，可以理解为什么有些人会指责维特罗斯超市售卖免费的东西来赚钱。 一名推特用户写道：“一包真叶子？？我可以卖给你满满一垃圾袋的叶子，只收10便士。” 另外一名用户评论道：“这也许是一帮喝醉酒的人在周一晨会上想出来的创意。” 显然，这种奇异的“叶束”出现在维特罗斯超市的货架上是迎接秋天的一种方式，上面还贴着标签，鼓励顾客“把窗外风景带进家门”。 官方的产品描述写道：“把窗外风景带进门，用新鲜采摘的时令花草来装饰你的家。我们的优质花草都来自栽培专家，并在运送途中温柔呵护，使其美丽持久。” 尽管人们对这款秋季主题产品的反馈普遍是负面的，但是这家英国超市解释道，决定对一捆树叶收费6英镑是受消费者的需求启发。 维特罗斯超市的一名发言人告诉《太阳报》说：“我们目睹了人们对秋叶的强烈需求，我们的顾客喜欢把秋天的树叶和时令鲜花混合在一起装饰自己的家。” 真叶子。在门外，大街上，它就在脚下。在室内，花6英镑买个开心。 ——沙伦·汉利@sharonlhanley，2020年9月20日 有趣的是，有些人似乎在为这包树叶的价格辩护，表示这显然是“高质量的叶子”。这也许是真的，但考虑到你可以用同样甚至更低的价格买到花束甚至葡萄酒，这还是有抢钱的感觉。 这不是英国商店和超市第一次因为以过高的价格出售免费的东西而上新闻头条了。前有伦敦的一家时尚服饰店出售14美元（约合人民币95元）一根的彩绘原木，后有工艺品商店Botanique售价22美元的树枝。 英文来源：Oddity Central 翻译&编辑：丹妮

国庆假期，你有读书计划吗？ 即便是出去旅行，也考虑带本书上路吧。书单，我们也给你列了份应景的，不多，刚好4本。都是外国人的视角去描写中国的书籍。 作者既有学者、哲学家，也有记者和美食家。内容既有生活片段的记录，又有真知灼见的论述。 “他山之石，可以攻玉。”借他们的视角，你可以看到一个不一样的祖国。 《鱼翅与花椒》 看到这本书的标题《鱼翅与花椒》（Shark's Fin and Sichuan Pepper），直觉或许告诉你，这是本关于美食的书。但为何是“鱼翅”与“花椒”，这两种食材又会碰撞出什么火花，只有翻开书，你才能找到答案。 这本书的作者叫扶霞·邓洛普（Fuchsia Dunlop）是个英国人，她在牛津长大，在剑桥大学求学，是标准的学霸。1994年，她申请到了英国文化委员会的奖学金，得以来到成都，在四川大学开始了自己的“中国美食历险记”。 这本《鱼翅与花椒》以美食为主线，记录了扶霞90年代初在成都的见闻。热情的艺术家朋友、谢老板的担担面、热闹的菜市场，那个年代的成都，就这样在扶霞细腻的笔触下，鲜活生动地展现了出来，直爽爽的不加一点掩饰。 扶霞的文字太有感染力了，字里行间透着活泼、明快和幽默，在热闹里又藏着一丝对旧时光的留恋。即便是想象力不够丰富的人，也能透过扶霞的描述，在脑海中勾勒出充满生机的人间烟火。 在成都期间她逛集市，泡茶馆，抓住菜馆的厨师求人家教自己做菜，甚至还专门进入当地厨艺学校学习，抱着满满的热爱与真诚去了解川菜、探索成都、体味中国文化。 值得一提的是，本书的译者何雨珈是个川妹子，她和扶霞简直是完美搭档。或许就像她说的，“天下吃货一家亲。”何雨珈的翻译，亲切自然，十分接地气，为这本《鱼翅与花椒》增加了非读不可的魅力。 精彩摘录 对九十年代成都街头的描写： For someone with a natural curiosity about food, Chengdu in the mid-nineties was a kind of paradise. It was all there, under your nose. In the backstreets, people cooked dinner for their families on charcoal braziers outside their cottages. The aromas of chilli-bean paste, Sichuan pepper and jasmine tea hung in the air on warm autumn nights. The most humble shack of a restaurant would often be serving Chinese food better than any you could find in London. 在天生对美食无比好奇的人眼中，九十年代中期的成都称得上是天堂了。一切都在那里，你动动鼻子就能找到。小街小巷的人们在屋门口架起煤炭炉子，为一家人做晚饭。温暖的秋夜，空气中绵延不绝地流动着豆瓣酱、花椒和茉莉花茶的香味。那些最最简陋的“苍蝇馆子”端出来的中餐，也比在伦敦能找到的任何一家要好吃。 对念念不忘的谢老板家担担面的描写： They looked quite plain: a small bowlful of noodles topped with a spoonful of dark, crisp minced beef. But as soon as you stirred them with your chopsticks, you awakened the flavours in the slick of spicy seasonings at the base of the bowl, and coated each strand of pasta in a mix of soy sauce, chilli oil, sesame paste and Sichuan pepper. The effect was electrifying. Within seconds, your mouth was on fire, your lips quivering under the onslaught of the pepper, and your whole body radiant with heat. (On a warm day, you might even break out into a sweat.) 它看上去倒是其貌不扬：一小碗面，加了一勺深色的、松脆的牛肉碎。但只要你拿起筷子，把面拌一拌，就会唤醒铺在碗底的那些香料。每一根面条都会裹上酱油、红油、芝麻酱和花椒混合成的调料，效果实在是石破天惊。入口短短几秒，你的嘴巴就会着火，你的双唇会在花椒的猛攻下不停颤抖，你的全身都会散发着热气（天气热的时候就会汗流浃背了）。 《大国雄心》 说起“精通”中国文化的外国人，马丁·雅克必须拥有姓名。 这位英国学者有许多观点犀利的视频在网上刷屏。同样犀利的，是他的著作《大国雄心》。 不少人看到英文书名“When China Rules the World”（当中国统治世界），都会大跌眼镜，并由此判断此书不是在“尬吹”中国，就是想要“捧杀”中国。 但其实，书名更多地是个噱头，马丁·雅克个人解释是，没有任何一个国家能够真的“统治”世界。他的这个书名，并不是想预言中国会真正统治全世界，而是想提出一个问题：如果中国成为世界上的首要大国，中国会如何表现，世界会怎样改变？ 书中提出了许多大胆新颖的观点，比如引入了“文明国家”（civilization-state）这个相对于“民族国家”（nation-state）的概念。 马丁·雅克认为，民族国家是当前大多数国家所正式接受的国家形式。中国在19世纪后期为融入“现代国际体系”，也接受了民族国家的一整套架构，但中国在骨子里还是一个“文明国家”。中国作为文明国家的特点之一在于，中国的身份认同是以历史和文明归属感为基础的，比如，在涉及一些领土归属的问题上，中国官方和民间都非常强调历史上的归属，这是很有特色的。 这本书虽然讲的是政治经济文化，但却并不枯燥，相反地，它非常引人入胜，因为作者宏大的格局，常能给人以拨云见日之感，让你从全新的视角思考中国和世界的关系。 精彩摘录 关于中国作为一个文明国家的表现： When the Chinese use the term ‘China’ they are not usually referring to the country or nation so much as Chinese civilization – its history, the dynasties, Confucius, the ways of thinking, their relationships and customs, the guanxi (the network of personal connections), the family, filial piety, ancestral worship, the values, and distinctive philosophy. 中国人眼里的“中国”实则是国家、民族乃至“中华文明”的同义词，包括诸如中国的历史、朝代、儒家思想、中国人的思维方式、家族联系和习俗、人际关系、家庭、孝道、祖先崇拜、价值观、独特的哲学体系…… There are no other people in the world who are so connected to their past and for whom the past – not so much the recent past but the long-ago past – is so relevant and meaningful. Every other country is a spring chicken by comparison, its people separated from their long past by the sharp discontinuities of their history. Not the Chinese. China has experienced huge turmoil, invasion and rupture, but somehow the lines of continuity have remained resilient, persistent and ultimately predominant, superimposing themselves in the Chinese mind over the interruptions and breaks. 对中国人而言，过去——遥远的过去而非近现代的过去，与现在是如此息息相关而又意义重大。这是世界上任何其他民族都无法做到的。相比之下，其他任何国家似乎都成了“菜鸟”，因为历史的断裂令其民众与本国的历史割裂开来。然而中国人却不是这样，尽管中国曾经历过巨大的混乱、侵略和分裂，但其文明的延续性却仍坚韧地得以留存，最终占据主导地位，纵然历尽波折，仍深深地镌刻在大多数中国人的脑海中。 《江城》 这本书的作者是彼得·海斯勒，中文名叫何伟。何伟是90年代以来最早写中国的西方作家之一。 那个时候世界对中国的认识还比较有限，而他在中国待了十年，写下了纪实中国三部曲，都是改革开放以来的中国社会进行细致的观察，《江城》就是第一本。 这本书讲述的是他在1996-1998年到涪陵师专教授英文的整个见闻，写出了他初来中国时的各种不适应，语言不通、思维方式不同、文化矛盾。 何伟的文字很直白，《江城》读下来就像在读是他的日记：学校的中国老师、中国学生、涪陵小餐馆的老板、棒棒军、农民……但作者又结合了自己的理解去讲述这一切，这样的理解有时是有趣的，有时会让你感到不那么舒服。 读完这本书你会体会到，作为一名中国人，了解外国人，怎么看待你的国家、民族、文化，很有必要。 所以推荐大家读这本书，与其说是透过外国人的视角看中国，不如说是通过外国人对我们的认识去了解他们。 精彩摘录 THERE WAS AN INTENSITY and a freshness to their readings that I'd never seen before from any other students of literature, and partly it was a matter of studying foreign material. We were exchanging clichés without knowing it: I had no idea that classical Chinese poetry routinely makes scallions of women's fingers, and they had no idea that Sonnet Eighteen's poetic immortality had been reviewed so many times that it nearly died, a poem with a number tagged to its toe. Our exchange suddenly made everything new: there were no dull poems, no overworked plays, no characters who had already been discussed to the point of clinicism. Nobody groaned when I assigned Beowulf—as far as they were concerned, it was just a good monster story. 看他们所写的读后感，我有一种强烈而清新的感受，这在以前其他学文学的学生中是看不到的，部分原因在于他们学的是外国素材。我们在不知不觉中交换着陈腐的题材：我不知道中国古诗把女人的手指比作葱根，而他们也不清楚莎士比亚的第十八首十四行诗的不朽之处已被人评点过无数次，在注脚处都标着号码，几乎不再成其为诗了。我们的这种交换突然使一切变得新鲜起来；没有了枯燥的诗，没有了被人过度研究的戏剧，没有了被讨论到近乎病态的人物。当我布置有关《贝奥武甫》的作业时，没有人咕哝过——在他们看来，那只不过是一个好看的妖魔故事而己。 《中国问题》 你能想象，在中国积贫积弱的上世纪20年代，有人就作出了“中国将成为世界第二大强国”的预测吗？ 1920年，罗素应梁启超之邀来北京讲学，这是当时中国知识界的盛事。罗素在中国讲学近十个月后，出版了其对中国的历史、现状和未来的系统论述——《中国问题》。 这本几乎100年前写成的书中，很多观点对当今的世界局势、中美关系、和世界看中国的角度都非常有参考和借鉴意义。他书中的很多预测，也都成真了。 比如他在那时就预测到中西方的意识形态冲突的冷战： When Asia has thoroughly assimilated our economic system, the Marxian class-war will break out in the form of a war between Asia and the West, with America as the protagonist of capitalism, and Russia as the champion of Asia and Socialism. 等到亚洲充分借鉴西方经济体系后，将会和西方打响一场马克思式的阶级战争。交战双方分别是：代表资本主义的美国；捍卫亚洲和社会主义的俄国。 而讲起崛起的日本与美国之间的冲突，他更加爆出神句： The conflict between America and Japan is superficially economic, but, as often happens, the economic rivalry is really a cloak for deeper passions. 美日冲突流于经济表层。但情况常常是这样：经济竞争是一袭斗篷，下面蕴积着盛怒。 你可以尝试联想美国近年对中国发起的贸易战，经济的外衣下，是一场政治意图明显的打压。 罗素在文中还花了一章探讨中国人的品格和国民性，其中说道： But perhaps something may be preserved, something of the ethical qualities in which China is supreme, and which the modern world most desperately needs. Among these qualities I place first the pacific temper, which seeks to settle disputes on grounds of justice rather than by force. 中国伦理道德品质的某些方面非常高明，为现代世界所急需。这些品质中我最看重的是心平气和，以理服人，不以武力相迫。 但他也提出了自己的问题，走出积贫积弱之后的中国，会是一个怎样的国家？而这些美好的品质，又会不会随之消失？ 都在书里，一读便知。 精彩摘录 I believe that, if the Chinese are left free to assimilate what they want of our civilization, and to reject what strikes them as bad, they will be able to achieve an organic growth from their own tradition, and to produce a very splendid result, combining our merits with theirs. 我认为，如果给中国人自由，让他们从西方文明中吸收想要的东西，拒绝不好的东西，他们就有能力从自己的传统中获得有机生长，综合中西文明之功，取得辉煌成就。 The Chinese nation, is the most, patient in the world; it thinks of centuries as other nations think of decades. It is essentially indestructible, and can afford to wait. 中华民族是全世界最有耐心的民族。别的民族心里想的是几十年，而中国人能想几百年。中华民族坚不可摧，能够继续等下去，也等得起。 来源：中国日报双语新闻微信公众号 编辑：左卓 唐晓敏 李雪晴 陈月华

For someone with a natural curiosity about food, Chengdu in the mid-nineties was a kind of paradise. It was all there, under your nose. In the backstreets, people cooked dinner for their families on charcoal braziers outside their cottages. The aromas of chilli-bean paste, Sichuan pepper and jasmine tea hung in the air on warm autumn nights. The most humble shack of a restaurant would often be serving Chinese food better than any you could find in London. They looked quite plain: a small bowlful of noodles topped with a spoonful of dark, crisp minced beef. But as soon as you stirred them with your chopsticks, you awakened the flavours in the slick of spicy seasonings at the base of the bowl, and coated each strand of pasta in a mix of soy sauce, chilli oil, sesame paste and Sichuan pepper. The effect was electrifying. Within seconds, your mouth was on fire, your lips quivering under the onslaught of the pepper, and your whole body radiant with heat. (On a warm day, you might even break out into a sweat.) When the Chinese use the term ‘China’ they are not usually referring to the country or nation so much as Chinese civilization – its history, the dynasties, Confucius, the ways of thinking, their relationships and customs, the guanxi (the network of personal connections), the family, filial piety, ancestral worship, the values, and distinctive philosophy. There are no other people in the world who are so connected to their past and for whom the past – not so much the recent past but the long-ago past – is so relevant and meaningful. Every other country is a spring chicken by comparison, its people separated from their long past by the sharp discontinuities of their history. Not the Chinese. China has experienced huge turmoil, invasion and rupture, but somehow the lines of continuity have remained resilient, persistent and ultimately predominant, superimposing themselves in the Chinese mind over the interruptions and breaks. When Asia has thoroughly assimilated our economic system, the Marxian class-war will break out in the form of a war between Asia and the West, with America as the protagonist of capitalism, and Russia as the champion of Asia and Socialism. The conflict between America and Japan is superficially economic, but, as often happens, the economic rivalry is really a cloak for deeper passions. But perhaps something may be preserved, something of the ethical qualities in which China is supreme, and which the modern world most desperately needs. Among these qualities I place first the pacific temper, which seeks to settle disputes on grounds of justice rather than by force. I believe that, if the Chinese are left free to assimilate what they want of our civilization, and to reject what strikes them as bad, they will be able to achieve an organic growth from their own tradition, and to produce a very splendid result, combining our merits with theirs. The Chinese nation, is the most, patient in the world; it thinks of centuries as other nations think of decades. It is essentially indestructible, and can afford to wait.

国庆假期，你有读书计划吗？ 即便是出去旅行，也考虑带本书上路吧。书单，我们也给你列了份应景的，不多，刚好4本。都是外国人的视角去描写中国的书籍。 作者既有学者、哲学家，也有记者和美食家。内容既有生活片段的记录，又有真知灼见的论述。 “他山之石，可以攻玉。”借他们的视角，你可以看到一个不一样的祖国。 《鱼翅与花椒》 看到这本书的标题《鱼翅与花椒》（Shark's Fin and Sichuan Pepper），直觉或许告诉你，这是本关于美食的书。但为何是“鱼翅”与“花椒”，这两种食材又会碰撞出什么火花，只有翻开书，你才能找到答案。 这本书的作者叫扶霞·邓洛普（Fuchsia Dunlop）是个英国人，她在牛津长大，在剑桥大学求学，是标准的学霸。1994年，她申请到了英国文化委员会的奖学金，得以来到成都，在四川大学开始了自己的“中国美食历险记”。 这本《鱼翅与花椒》以美食为主线，记录了扶霞90年代初在成都的见闻。热情的艺术家朋友、谢老板的担担面、热闹的菜市场，那个年代的成都，就这样在扶霞细腻的笔触下，鲜活生动地展现了出来，直爽爽的不加一点掩饰。 扶霞的文字太有感染力了，字里行间透着活泼、明快和幽默，在热闹里又藏着一丝对旧时光的留恋。即便是想象力不够丰富的人，也能透过扶霞的描述，在脑海中勾勒出充满生机的人间烟火。 在成都期间她逛集市，泡茶馆，抓住菜馆的厨师求人家教自己做菜，甚至还专门进入当地厨艺学校学习，抱着满满的热爱与真诚去了解川菜、探索成都、体味中国文化。 值得一提的是，本书的译者何雨珈是个川妹子，她和扶霞简直是完美搭档。或许就像她说的，“天下吃货一家亲。”何雨珈的翻译，亲切自然，十分接地气，为这本《鱼翅与花椒》增加了非读不可的魅力。 精彩摘录 对九十年代成都街头的描写： 在天生对美食无比好奇的人眼中，九十年代中期的成都称得上是天堂了。一切都在那里，你动动鼻子就能找到。小街小巷的人们在屋门口架起煤炭炉子，为一家人做晚饭。温暖的秋夜，空气中绵延不绝地流动着豆瓣酱、花椒和茉莉花茶的香味。那些最最简陋的“苍蝇馆子”端出来的中餐，也比在伦敦能找到的任何一家要好吃。 对念念不忘的谢老板家担担面的描写： 它看上去倒是其貌不扬：一小碗面，加了一勺深色的、松脆的牛肉碎。但只要你拿起筷子，把面拌一拌，就会唤醒铺在碗底的那些香料。每一根面条都会裹上酱油、红油、芝麻酱和花椒混合成的调料，效果实在是石破天惊。入口短短几秒，你的嘴巴就会着火，你的双唇会在花椒的猛攻下不停颤抖，你的全身都会散发着热气（天气热的时候就会汗流浃背了）。 《大国雄心》 说起“精通”中国文化的外国人，马丁·雅克必须拥有姓名。 这位英国学者有许多观点犀利的视频在网上刷屏。同样犀利的，是他的著作《大国雄心》。 不少人看到英文书名“When China Rules the World”（当中国统治世界），都会大跌眼镜，并由此判断此书不是在“尬吹”中国，就是想要“捧杀”中国。 但其实，书名更多地是个噱头，马丁·雅克个人解释是，没有任何一个国家能够真的“统治”世界。他的这个书名，并不是想预言中国会真正统治全世界，而是想提出一个问题：如果中国成为世界上的首要大国，中国会如何表现，世界会怎样改变？ 书中提出了许多大胆新颖的观点，比如引入了“文明国家”（civilization-state）这个相对于“民族国家”（nation-state）的概念。 马丁·雅克认为，民族国家是当前大多数国家所正式接受的国家形式。中国在19世纪后期为融入“现代国际体系”，也接受了民族国家的一整套架构，但中国在骨子里还是一个“文明国家”。中国作为文明国家的特点之一在于，中国的身份认同是以历史和文明归属感为基础的，比如，在涉及一些领土归属的问题上，中国官方和民间都非常强调历史上的归属，这是很有特色的。 这本书虽然讲的是政治经济文化，但却并不枯燥，相反地，它非常引人入胜，因为作者宏大的格局，常能给人以拨云见日之感，让你从全新的视角思考中国和世界的关系。 精彩摘录 关于中国作为一个文明国家的表现： 中国人眼里的“中国”实则是国家、民族乃至“中华文明”的同义词，包括诸如中国的历史、朝代、儒家思想、中国人的思维方式、家族联系和习俗、人际关系、家庭、孝道、祖先崇拜、价值观、独特的哲学体系…… 对中国人而言，过去——遥远的过去而非近现代的过去，与现在是如此息息相关而又意义重大。这是世界上任何其他民族都无法做到的。相比之下，其他任何国家似乎都成了“菜鸟”，因为历史的断裂令其民众与本国的历史割裂开来。然而中国人却不是这样，尽管中国曾经历过巨大的混乱、侵略和分裂，但其文明的延续性却仍坚韧地得以留存，最终占据主导地位，纵然历尽波折，仍深深地镌刻在大多数中国人的脑海中。 《江城》 这本书的作者是彼得·海斯勒，中文名叫何伟。何伟是90年代以来最早写中国的西方作家之一。 那个时候世界对中国的认识还比较有限，而他在中国待了十年，写下了纪实中国三部曲，都是改革开放以来的中国社会进行细致的观察，《江城》就是第一本。 这本书讲述的是他在1996-1998年到涪陵师专教授英文的整个见闻，写出了他初来中国时的各种不适应，语言不通、思维方式不同、文化矛盾。 何伟的文字很直白，《江城》读下来就像在读是他的日记：学校的中国老师、中国学生、涪陵小餐馆的老板、棒棒军、农民……但作者又结合了自己的理解去讲述这一切，这样的理解有时是有趣的，有时会让你感到不那么舒服。 读完这本书你会体会到，作为一名中国人，了解外国人，怎么看待你的国家、民族、文化，很有必要。 所以推荐大家读这本书，与其说是透过外国人的视角看中国，不如说是通过外国人对我们的认识去了解他们。 精彩摘录 THERE WAS AN INTENSITY and a freshness to their readings that I'd never seen before from any other students of literature, and partly it was a matter of studying foreign material. We were exchanging clichés without knowing it: I had no idea that classical Chinese poetry routinely makes scallions of women's fingers, and they had no idea that Sonnet Eighteen's poetic immortality had been reviewed so many times that it nearly died, a poem with a number tagged to its toe. Our exchange suddenly made everything new: there were no dull poems, no overworked plays, no characters who had already been discussed to the point of clinicism. Nobody groaned when I assigned Beowulf—as far as they were concerned, it was just a good monster story. 看他们所写的读后感，我有一种强烈而清新的感受，这在以前其他学文学的学生中是看不到的，部分原因在于他们学的是外国素材。我们在不知不觉中交换着陈腐的题材：我不知道中国古诗把女人的手指比作葱根，而他们也不清楚莎士比亚的第十八首十四行诗的不朽之处已被人评点过无数次，在注脚处都标着号码，几乎不再成其为诗了。我们的这种交换突然使一切变得新鲜起来；没有了枯燥的诗，没有了被人过度研究的戏剧，没有了被讨论到近乎病态的人物。当我布置有关《贝奥武甫》的作业时，没有人咕哝过——在他们看来，那只不过是一个好看的妖魔故事而己。 《中国问题》 你能想象，在中国积贫积弱的上世纪20年代，有人就作出了“中国将成为世界第二大强国”的预测吗？ 1920年，罗素应梁启超之邀来北京讲学，这是当时中国知识界的盛事。罗素在中国讲学近十个月后，出版了其对中国的历史、现状和未来的系统论述——《中国问题》。 这本几乎100年前写成的书中，很多观点对当今的世界局势、中美关系、和世界看中国的角度都非常有参考和借鉴意义。他书中的很多预测，也都成真了。 比如他在那时就预测到中西方的意识形态冲突的冷战： 等到亚洲充分借鉴西方经济体系后，将会和西方打响一场马克思式的阶级战争。交战双方分别是：代表资本主义的美国；捍卫亚洲和社会主义的俄国。 而讲起崛起的日本与美国之间的冲突，他更加爆出神句： 美日冲突流于经济表层。但情况常常是这样：经济竞争是一袭斗篷，下面蕴积着盛怒。 你可以尝试联想美国近年对中国发起的贸易战，经济的外衣下，是一场政治意图明显的打压。 罗素在文中还花了一章探讨中国人的品格和国民性，其中说道： 中国伦理道德品质的某些方面非常高明，为现代世界所急需。这些品质中我最看重的是心平气和，以理服人，不以武力相迫。 但他也提出了自己的问题，走出积贫积弱之后的中国，会是一个怎样的国家？而这些美好的品质，又会不会随之消失？ 都在书里，一读便知。 精彩摘录 我认为，如果给中国人自由，让他们从西方文明中吸收想要的东西，拒绝不好的东西，他们就有能力从自己的传统中获得有机生长，综合中西文明之功，取得辉煌成就。 中华民族是全世界最有耐心的民族。别的民族心里想的是几十年，而中国人能想几百年。中华民族坚不可摧，能够继续等下去，也等得起。 来源：中国日报双语新闻微信公众号 编辑：左卓 唐晓敏 李雪晴 陈月华

今年国庆档竞争可谓相当激烈，《我和我的家乡》在上映第三天反超《姜子牙》，“逆袭”成为票房冠军。截至5日，该片累计票房已突破11亿！ 作为去年国庆档爆款大片《我和我的祖国》的姊妹篇，这部新片是用“同款秘方”炮制，一样的大牌明星云集，一样是七位导演用五个独立故事，书写同一篇“命题作文”。 As a follow-up of last National Day blockbuster My People, My Country , My People, My Homeland is produced with the same formula. The movie gathers seven directors to helm five stories under the same theme, and also joins hands of a lot of celebrities. 合集电影的独特魅力在于，短短两小时里，观众可以被带到许多角色和故事中。 Anthology films are unique in the sense that you can be transported to many stories and characters in merely two hours, guided by actors that give you snapshot into an unknown world before visiting another. anthology /ænˈθɒlədʒi/：（不同作家作品的）选集 在《我和我的家乡》里，观众则被影片带领着，去游览了五个地方的山光水色。五个让人笑中带泪的故事，激起对人们对家乡的怀念和热爱。 In My People, My Homeland , you will travel to five areas with quite different geographical characteristics. 北京好人 第一个故事发生在大家熟悉的北京。 去年，葛优在《我和我的祖国》里那个贫嘴而热心肠的北京出租车司机张北京让人难忘，这次，他再次出演张北京，又遇到了新麻烦。 The first story is set in Beijing. Reprising Ge You as the good-hearted yet glib Beijing taxi driver from the story titled Hello, Beijing in last year's blockbuster My People, My Country , the tale finds Zhang Beijing, Ge's character, has a new problem. glib：油腔滑调的 住在乡下的表舅在北京当快递员，因为得了甲状腺瘤，来找他借钱治病。张北京正计划着用这笔钱买了新车当专车司机，没舍得把钱给表舅。于是，他想出了一个馊主意，让表舅冒充自己好使用自己的医保。 Zhang's uncle from rural China works in Beijing as a delivery man. Struggling with the high medical fees to treat his thyroid tumor disease, the uncle comes to ask for help from Zhang. Reluctant to lend money, Zhang — who once planned to use the money to buy a new car — figures out a "scheme". He helps his uncle masquerade as Zhang in order to use Zhang's medical insurance. 作为中国最好的喜剧演员之一，葛大爷也再次贡献了教科书般的表演。 As one of the best comedians in China, Ge has again provided a textbook performance for a comedy role. 天上掉下个UFO 某种意义上，陈思诚导演的《天上掉下个UFO》有着对宁浩《疯狂外星人》和他自己“唐探”系列的致敬。 在这个故事里，学会了讲贵州话的黄渤饰演一个小镇发明家，他无意中卷入了神秘的UFO事件。 Somewhat a salute to Ning Hao's Crazy Alien and his own Detective Chinatown franchise, Chen Sicheng's new directorial effort stars actor Huang Bo as a maverick inventor who is unintentionally pulled into a "myth" about an unidentified flying object. maverick /ˈmævərɪk/：特立独行的人 “风驰电掣”的拖拉机 王宝强和刘昊然饰演的媒体二人组，戴着墨镜大步流星走出场时，很容易让人回忆起他们在“唐探”系列中的角色。 Wang Baoqiang and Liu Haoran's characters — two journalists who wear sunglasses and dust coats — are easily reminiscent of their detective duo roles in the Detective Chinatown series. reminiscent /ˌrɛmɪˈnɪsənt/：令人想起的；使回忆起（人或事） 这个故事在喜剧抖包袱之外，最有意思的地方，大概是它也能让你对所谓的文化旅游有更深刻的思考。 It's an interesting story that could stir an in-depth thought about the so-called cultural tourism. 最后一课 范伟的《最后一课》是最让人笑中带泪的一部。 The Last Class is a funny but also tear-jerking tale. 一个旅居海外多年的老华侨，因病失去部分记忆，而留在脑海深处的，还是他曾奉献了十年青春的乡村教师时光。 于是，他儿子将他带回老家，请曾经的学生、如今的村民，举全村之力，为他复原最后一课的场景。在鸡飞狗跳之余，是让人动容的脉脉温情。 Starring actor Fan Wei as a veteran teacher who has stayed overseas for many years, the tale recounts his son's effort to bring back his partly-lost memory through helping him return to his first school — where he had worked for a decade — to teach the students again. 神笔马亮 沈腾和马丽这对顶级“搞笑组合”再次联手的《神笔马亮》则再次显示了开心麻花的功力：搞笑，果然还得靠专业的。 The Magical Painter Ma Liang — starring comedians Shen Teng and Ma Li — again shows Mahua FunAge's ability to produce a popular comedy. 沈腾饰演的画家借调到乡下去扶贫，而他身为摔跤教练的妻子马丽，却希望他去俄罗斯深造。 “惧内”的沈腾只好瞒着怀孕的妻子，集合一帮绝对“戏精”本精的村民们，生生将一个东北农村伪装成俄罗斯乡下。村长戴着假发说俄语的时候，感觉电影院的椅子都被笑颤了。 The story is about a painter who volunteers to fight poverty in a village. But the protagonist has to lie to his pregnant wife, as the woman wishes her husband to go to Russia for a higher education. Fearing to be blamed by his wife, Shen's character gathers a bunch of villagers to pretend to be Russian farmers to cheat his wife. The story has a lot of funny moments, making audience easy to burst into laughter in the cinema. 回乡之路 相较于其他四个故事，邓超和闫妮的《回乡之路》略有些厚重，反转得也似乎略显突兀。 以毛乌素沙漠的治沙故事为背景，一个返乡的网红直播主持与一个种植苹果的“大忽悠”在回乡之路中，从误解到谅解，引出一个感人的故事。 Set in northwestern China, Deng Chao and Yan Ni's The Way Back Hometown explores a more serious theme. An internet celebrity bumps into an apple seller who looks like a cheater on her way back home, but the plotline twists to unveil a heartwarming story, reminding of locals' effort to curb desertification in Maowusu Desert. 一千个人有一千个哈姆雷特，相信每个人对这些故事都有不同的理解。 或许，《我和我的家乡》就像一份自助餐，喜欢哪盘菜，您就端哪盘。欢迎分享下，你最喜欢哪个故事。 记者：徐帆 编辑：左卓

As a follow-up of last National Day blockbuster My People, My Country , My People, My Homeland is produced with the same formula. The movie gathers seven directors to helm five stories under the same theme, and also joins hands of a lot of celebrities. Anthology films are unique in the sense that you can be transported to many stories and characters in merely two hours, guided by actors that give you snapshot into an unknown world before visiting another. In My People, My Homeland , you will travel to five areas with quite different geographical characteristics. The first story is set in Beijing. Reprising Ge You as the good-hearted yet glib Beijing taxi driver from the story titled Hello, Beijing in last year's blockbuster My People, My Country , the tale finds Zhang Beijing, Ge's character, has a new problem. Zhang's uncle from rural China works in Beijing as a delivery man. Struggling with the high medical fees to treat his thyroid tumor disease, the uncle comes to ask for help from Zhang. Reluctant to lend money, Zhang — who once planned to use the money to buy a new car — figures out a "scheme". He helps his uncle masquerade as Zhang in order to use Zhang's medical insurance. As one of the best comedians in China, Ge has again provided a textbook performance for a comedy role. Somewhat a salute to Ning Hao's Crazy Alien and his own Detective Chinatown franchise, Chen Sicheng's new directorial effort stars actor Huang Bo as a maverick inventor who is unintentionally pulled into a "myth" about an unidentified flying object. Wang Baoqiang and Liu Haoran's characters — two journalists who wear sunglasses and dust coats — are easily reminiscent of their detective duo roles in the Detective Chinatown series. It's an interesting story that could stir an in-depth thought about the so-called cultural tourism. The Last Class is a funny but also tear-jerking tale. Starring actor Fan Wei as a veteran teacher who has stayed overseas for many years, the tale recounts his son's effort to bring back his partly-lost memory through helping him return to his first school — where he had worked for a decade — to teach the students again. The Magical Painter Ma Liang — starring comedians Shen Teng and Ma Li — again shows Mahua FunAge's ability to produce a popular comedy. The story is about a painter who volunteers to fight poverty in a village. But the protagonist has to lie to his pregnant wife, as the woman wishes her husband to go to Russia for a higher education. Fearing to be blamed by his wife, Shen's character gathers a bunch of villagers to pretend to be Russian farmers to cheat his wife. The story has a lot of funny moments, making audience easy to burst into laughter in the cinema. Set in northwestern China, Deng Chao and Yan Ni's The Way Back Hometown explores a more serious theme. An internet celebrity bumps into an apple seller who looks like a cheater on her way back home, but the plotline twists to unveil a heartwarming story, reminding of locals' effort to curb desertification in Maowusu Desert.

今年国庆档竞争可谓相当激烈，《我和我的家乡》在上映第三天反超《姜子牙》，“逆袭”成为票房冠军。截至5日，该片累计票房已突破11亿！ 作为去年国庆档爆款大片《我和我的祖国》的姊妹篇，这部新片是用“同款秘方”炮制，一样的大牌明星云集，一样是七位导演用五个独立故事，书写同一篇“命题作文”。 合集电影的独特魅力在于，短短两小时里，观众可以被带到许多角色和故事中。 anthology /ænˈθɒlədʒi/：（不同作家作品的）选集 在《我和我的家乡》里，观众则被影片带领着，去游览了五个地方的山光水色。五个让人笑中带泪的故事，激起对人们对家乡的怀念和热爱。 北京好人 第一个故事发生在大家熟悉的北京。 去年，葛优在《我和我的祖国》里那个贫嘴而热心肠的北京出租车司机张北京让人难忘，这次，他再次出演张北京，又遇到了新麻烦。 glib：油腔滑调的 住在乡下的表舅在北京当快递员，因为得了甲状腺瘤，来找他借钱治病。张北京正计划着用这笔钱买了新车当专车司机，没舍得把钱给表舅。于是，他想出了一个馊主意，让表舅冒充自己好使用自己的医保。 作为中国最好的喜剧演员之一，葛大爷也再次贡献了教科书般的表演。 天上掉下个UFO 某种意义上，陈思诚导演的《天上掉下个UFO》有着对宁浩《疯狂外星人》和他自己“唐探”系列的致敬。 在这个故事里，学会了讲贵州话的黄渤饰演一个小镇发明家，他无意中卷入了神秘的UFO事件。 maverick /ˈmævərɪk/：特立独行的人 “风驰电掣”的拖拉机 王宝强和刘昊然饰演的媒体二人组，戴着墨镜大步流星走出场时，很容易让人回忆起他们在“唐探”系列中的角色。 reminiscent /ˌrɛmɪˈnɪsənt/：令人想起的；使回忆起（人或事） 这个故事在喜剧抖包袱之外，最有意思的地方，大概是它也能让你对所谓的文化旅游有更深刻的思考。 最后一课 范伟的《最后一课》是最让人笑中带泪的一部。 一个旅居海外多年的老华侨，因病失去部分记忆，而留在脑海深处的，还是他曾奉献了十年青春的乡村教师时光。 于是，他儿子将他带回老家，请曾经的学生、如今的村民，举全村之力，为他复原最后一课的场景。在鸡飞狗跳之余，是让人动容的脉脉温情。 神笔马亮 沈腾和马丽这对顶级“搞笑组合”再次联手的《神笔马亮》则再次显示了开心麻花的功力：搞笑，果然还得靠专业的。 沈腾饰演的画家借调到乡下去扶贫，而他身为摔跤教练的妻子马丽，却希望他去俄罗斯深造。 “惧内”的沈腾只好瞒着怀孕的妻子，集合一帮绝对“戏精”本精的村民们，生生将一个东北农村伪装成俄罗斯乡下。村长戴着假发说俄语的时候，感觉电影院的椅子都被笑颤了。 回乡之路 相较于其他四个故事，邓超和闫妮的《回乡之路》略有些厚重，反转得也似乎略显突兀。 以毛乌素沙漠的治沙故事为背景，一个返乡的网红直播主持与一个种植苹果的“大忽悠”在回乡之路中，从误解到谅解，引出一个感人的故事。 一千个人有一千个哈姆雷特，相信每个人对这些故事都有不同的理解。 或许，《我和我的家乡》就像一份自助餐，喜欢哪盘菜，您就端哪盘。欢迎分享下，你最喜欢哪个故事。 记者：徐帆 编辑：左卓

血源性肝炎是导致世界各地人们肝硬化和肝癌的一个主要的全球性健康难题。今年的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖授予了三位科学家，他们鉴定出一种新型病毒，即丙型肝炎病毒，从而在与血源性肝炎的斗争中做出了决定性的贡献。 Thomas Perlmann, Secretary of the Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institutet and of the Nobel Committee for Physiology or Medicine, announces Harvey J. Alter, Michael Houghton and Charles M. Rice as the winners of the 2020 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine during a news conference at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, Sweden, October 5, 2020. [Photo/Agencies] Three scientists who played central roles in the discovery of the hepatitis C virus have been awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2020. 2020年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖近日揭晓，获奖者是三位在发现丙型肝炎病毒的过程中做出重大贡献的科学家。 This prize will be shared by Michael Houghton, from the United Kingdom, and United States scientists Harvey J. Alter and Charles M. Rice, who all made notable contributions toward the discovery of the blood-borne virus that causes chronic liver problems. 这个奖项将由英国科学家迈克尔·霍顿以及美国科学家哈维·J·阿尔特和查尔斯·M·赖斯分享，他们都为发现导致慢性肝脏问题的血源性丙型肝炎病毒做出了卓越贡献。 Alter demonstrated in the 1970s that some people who received blood transfusions would develop cases of hepatitis that were not caused by the hepatitis A or B viruses, suggesting that another infectious agent was to blame. 阿尔特在20世纪70年代证明，一些接受输血的人会患上不是由甲型或乙型肝炎病毒引起的肝炎，这表明另一种感染源是罪魁祸首。 In the 1980s, Houghton managed to isolate the genetic sequence of the virus, while Rice proved that the pathogen could replicate and cause infection. 在20世纪80年代，霍顿成功地分离出了丙型肝炎病毒的基因序列，而赖斯则证明了这种病原体可以复制并引起感染。 The World Health Organization estimates that around 71 million people worldwide live with hepatitis C, which can cause major liver complications and, in some cases, death. 据世界卫生组织估计，全世界大约有7100万人患有丙型肝炎，丙型肝炎会导致严重的肝脏并发症，在某些情况下甚至会导致死亡。 The Nobel Assembly at the Karolinska Institute, which is the Stockholm-based body that oversees the awards, said the three researchers had contributed to a "landmark achievement in the ongoing battle against viral diseases". 斯德哥尔摩卡罗林斯卡学院的诺贝尔奖大会称，这三位研究人员为“抗击病毒性肝炎的一项里程碑式的成就”做出了贡献。卡罗林斯卡学院负责评审和颁发诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。 "The discovery of hepatitis C virus revealed the cause of the remaining cases of chronic hepatitis and made possible blood tests and new medicines that have saved millions of lives," the assembly said in a statement. "Thanks to their discovery, highly sensitive blood tests for the virus are now available and these have essentially eliminated post-transfusion hepatitis in many parts of the world, greatly improving global health." 大会在一份声明中说：“丙型肝炎病毒的发现揭示了其余慢性肝炎病例的病因，使验血和研制新药成为可能，从而挽救了数百万人的生命。由于他们的发现，现在可以对病毒进行高度敏感的血液检测，这基本上消除了世界许多地区的输血后肝炎，极大地改善了全球健康。” The assembly said that the discoveries performed by the newly minted Nobel Laureates also allowed for the rapid development of antiviral drugs directed at hepatitis C. 大会说，这些新诺贝尔奖得主的发现也为快速开发针对丙型肝炎的抗病毒药物创造了条件。 "For the first time in history, the disease can now be cured, raising hopes of eradicating hepatitis C virus from the world population," the statement said. 该声明说：“丙型肝炎在历史上首次得以治愈，为在全人类中根除丙型肝炎病毒带来了希望。” The award for physiology and medicine is the first of the Nobel Prizes to be handed out this year, with prizes in physics, chemistry, literature, peace and economics to follow during the next seven days. 生理学或医学奖是今年颁发的第一个诺贝尔奖项，接下来的七天里还将颁发物理学奖、化学奖、文学奖、和平奖和经济学奖。 英文来源： 中国日报网 翻译&编辑：yaning

Thomas Perlmann, Secretary of the Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institutet and of the Nobel Committee for Physiology or Medicine, announces Harvey J. Alter, Michael Houghton and Charles M. Rice as the winners of the 2020 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine during a news conference at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, Sweden, October 5, 2020. [Photo/Agencies] Three scientists who played central roles in the discovery of the hepatitis C virus have been awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2020. This prize will be shared by Michael Houghton, from the United Kingdom, and United States scientists Harvey J. Alter and Charles M. Rice, who all made notable contributions toward the discovery of the blood-borne virus that causes chronic liver problems. Alter demonstrated in the 1970s that some people who received blood transfusions would develop cases of hepatitis that were not caused by the hepatitis A or B viruses, suggesting that another infectious agent was to blame. In the 1980s, Houghton managed to isolate the genetic sequence of the virus, while Rice proved that the pathogen could replicate and cause infection. The World Health Organization estimates that around 71 million people worldwide live with hepatitis C, which can cause major liver complications and, in some cases, death. The Nobel Assembly at the Karolinska Institute, which is the Stockholm-based body that oversees the awards, said the three researchers had contributed to a "landmark achievement in the ongoing battle against viral diseases". "The discovery of hepatitis C virus revealed the cause of the remaining cases of chronic hepatitis and made possible blood tests and new medicines that have saved millions of lives," the assembly said in a statement. "Thanks to their discovery, highly sensitive blood tests for the virus are now available and these have essentially eliminated post-transfusion hepatitis in many parts of the world, greatly improving global health." The assembly said that the discoveries performed by the newly minted Nobel Laureates also allowed for the rapid development of antiviral drugs directed at hepatitis C. "For the first time in history, the disease can now be cured, raising hopes of eradicating hepatitis C virus from the world population," the statement said. The award for physiology and medicine is the first of the Nobel Prizes to be handed out this year, with prizes in physics, chemistry, literature, peace and economics to follow during the next seven days.

血源性肝炎是导致世界各地人们肝硬化和肝癌的一个主要的全球性健康难题。今年的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖授予了三位科学家，他们鉴定出一种新型病毒，即丙型肝炎病毒，从而在与血源性肝炎的斗争中做出了决定性的贡献。 2020年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖近日揭晓，获奖者是三位在发现丙型肝炎病毒的过程中做出重大贡献的科学家。 这个奖项将由英国科学家迈克尔·霍顿以及美国科学家哈维·J·阿尔特和查尔斯·M·赖斯分享，他们都为发现导致慢性肝脏问题的血源性丙型肝炎病毒做出了卓越贡献。 阿尔特在20世纪70年代证明，一些接受输血的人会患上不是由甲型或乙型肝炎病毒引起的肝炎，这表明另一种感染源是罪魁祸首。 在20世纪80年代，霍顿成功地分离出了丙型肝炎病毒的基因序列，而赖斯则证明了这种病原体可以复制并引起感染。 据世界卫生组织估计，全世界大约有7100万人患有丙型肝炎，丙型肝炎会导致严重的肝脏并发症，在某些情况下甚至会导致死亡。 斯德哥尔摩卡罗林斯卡学院的诺贝尔奖大会称，这三位研究人员为“抗击病毒性肝炎的一项里程碑式的成就”做出了贡献。卡罗林斯卡学院负责评审和颁发诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。 大会在一份声明中说：“丙型肝炎病毒的发现揭示了其余慢性肝炎病例的病因，使验血和研制新药成为可能，从而挽救了数百万人的生命。由于他们的发现，现在可以对病毒进行高度敏感的血液检测，这基本上消除了世界许多地区的输血后肝炎，极大地改善了全球健康。” 大会说，这些新诺贝尔奖得主的发现也为快速开发针对丙型肝炎的抗病毒药物创造了条件。 该声明说：“丙型肝炎在历史上首次得以治愈，为在全人类中根除丙型肝炎病毒带来了希望。” 生理学或医学奖是今年颁发的第一个诺贝尔奖项，接下来的七天里还将颁发物理学奖、化学奖、文学奖、和平奖和经济学奖。 英文来源： 中国日报网 翻译&编辑：yaning

在某些人眼里，文身是爱好是纪念，在另一些人心中，文身是不雅。但无论你怎么回忆，你见过身边人文汉字的吗？ 和前段时间火爆外网的“雪花飘飘北风萧萧”一样，借用汉字符号，嫁接本文化中的意思，文在身上，是很多老外——甚至名人——的惯常操作。 文身网站上的推荐图案不是“天使”就是“永爱”，品一品。 有些名人的确还是没走歪，比方说贾斯汀·比伯手臂上的那个“曲”字，他解释说 “This is music in Chinese”. It's hard to beat Justin Bieber in this list we've put together. The Canadian pop star has 曲(qǔ) meaning music in traditional Chinese characters. 在我们搜集的这份外国名人中文文身列表里，贾斯汀·比伯就还挺能打的。这位加拿大明星就有一个汉字“曲”的文身。 Rapper Nicki Minaj has 上帝与你常在 'may god always be with you'. 饶舌歌手尼基·米娜史手臂上文了个“上帝与你常在”。 Look no further than the man himself, football star David Beckham. 你再看看足球明星贝克汉姆。 Beckham has in traditional Chinese characters 生死有命 'life and death in destiny' 富贵在天 'Rich in the sky'. It's actually a proverb meaning… 'Death and life have determined appointments; Riches and honours depend upon heaven'. 他身上的汉字文身写着“生死有命富贵在天”。但其实这句俗语的意思是“生与死早已注定，富裕和荣耀也要看上天”。 美国队长也不掉队，在大臂上文了个“氏”。 Captain America, I mean Chris Evans had what he believed to be 'family' tattooed on his right bicep. Unfortunately, 氏(shì) is the character used after a husband's family name to address a married woman. 美国队长Chris Evans在右臂肱二头肌上文了个汉字“氏”，他还以为这个字的意思是“家庭”。遗憾的是，氏一般加在丈夫的姓后面用来称呼已婚女士。 安吉丽娜·朱莉就更加不避讳中文里的特定字了，直接在背上文了一个汉字“死”，手臂上还文了个中国龙。 Actress Angelina Jolie has a bit of a dark Chinese character meaning 'death'. You read that right! Death! She also rocks the Chinese dragon tattoo on her left arm. 女演员安吉丽娜·朱莉有个汉字文身有点暗黑的意思——她文了个“死”字。你没看错，就是这个字。不仅如此，她左臂上还文了个中国龙。 有外媒总结了汉字文身的流行原因，包括书法好看、一字多义、而且还有无数先贤的智慧结晶。 书法优美 The calligraphy that comprises Chinese tattoos is linguistically superior to all other written languages. 组成汉字文身的书法本身从语言符号上来讲就比其他任何书面语言符号要更美。 一字多义 Each divine character contains a captivating level of depth that naturally showcases a suave personality. Some of these tantalizing characters intrinsically indicate more meaning that complete sentences in English. As a result, this exotic ink format allows for discreet statements and slyly distinct philosophical messaging. 每一个神圣的汉字背后都有摄人心魄的深度，自然而然，汉字能展现一种自信优雅精明练达的气质。这些诱人的汉字本身就能传达有些英语整句都没法传达的意思。结果就是，文身墨水通过这种异域情调的形式传达了审慎又不失狡黠的哲思。 先贤名言 Another avenue for Chinese tattoos involves utilizing quotes from the area's greatest thinkers. These masters include Laozi and Confucius. Their ingenious ideas are still relevant to modern minds, and they can rapidly strike a chord with the masses. 另外一派汉字文身就会文中国思想家们的名言。比方说老子和孔子。他们的智慧结晶在今天同样闪光，很快就能引起普罗大众的共鸣。 总结了这么多优点，也拦不住有些人比较容易失手，汉语母语者们看了下面这些文身也很难不脚趾抓地。 这个大哥在两个小臂上文着“命里有时终须有，命里无时莫强求”，豁达的心态用对联的形式表达出来，多少有些让人摸不着头脑。 下面这个可能是一个玄奘西天取经的概念，但是人家文身网站的介绍只会让人困惑。推荐理由是： Chinese Tattoo Designs With Horse 跟马相关的中国文身设计 不是什么马都适合往身上文吧。至少问问唐僧他老人家同不同意。 除此之外，尤其不同意外国友人们轻信文身网站上的这种逐字翻译的汉字推荐。 真的就其实还蛮心疼去文“女神、金属、达人”的人的。 不熟悉的文化符号总给人一种神秘古老的感觉。文在身上，却是要冒一番风险。 汉字，连同中国文化，早已不是犹抱琵琶半遮面。慢慢在国际舞台揭开面纱的中国符号们，可能会让曾经盲目挪用的印记变得滑稽和幽默。 下次想文汉字在身上，不妨先问问中国朋友。 Notes calligraphy [kəˈlɪɡrəfi] n 书法 suave [swɑːv] adj 精明练达的；圆滑的 tantalize [ˈtæntəlaɪz] v 逗引；招惹；使干着急 strike a chord with 引起同情（或共鸣） masses [mæsɪz] 群众；平民百姓 编辑：陈月华 实习生：王言 来源：pinterest, itlschool, nextluxury, outsons

Look no further than the man himself, football star David Beckham. Actress Angelina Jolie has a bit of a dark Chinese character meaning 'death'. You read that right! Death! She also rocks the Chinese dragon tattoo on her left arm. The calligraphy that comprises Chinese tattoos is linguistically superior to all other written languages. Each divine character contains a captivating level of depth that naturally showcases a suave personality. Some of these tantalizing characters intrinsically indicate more meaning that complete sentences in English. As a result, this exotic ink format allows for discreet statements and slyly distinct philosophical messaging. Another avenue for Chinese tattoos involves utilizing quotes from the area's greatest thinkers. These masters include Laozi and Confucius. Their ingenious ideas are still relevant to modern minds, and they can rapidly strike a chord with the masses. Chinese Tattoo Designs With Horse Notes

在某些人眼里，文身是爱好是纪念，在另一些人心中，文身是不雅。但无论你怎么回忆，你见过身边人文汉字的吗？ 和前段时间火爆外网的“雪花飘飘北风萧萧”一样，借用汉字符号，嫁接本文化中的意思，文在身上，是很多老外——甚至名人——的惯常操作。 文身网站上的推荐图案不是“天使”就是“永爱”，品一品。 有些名人的确还是没走歪，比方说贾斯汀·比伯手臂上的那个“曲”字，他解释说 “This is music in Chinese”. It's hard to beat Justin Bieber in this list we've put together. The Canadian pop star has 曲(qǔ) meaning music in traditional Chinese characters. 在我们搜集的这份外国名人中文文身列表里，贾斯汀·比伯就还挺能打的。这位加拿大明星就有一个汉字“曲”的文身。 Rapper Nicki Minaj has 上帝与你常在 'may god always be with you'. 饶舌歌手尼基·米娜史手臂上文了个“上帝与你常在”。 你再看看足球明星贝克汉姆。 Beckham has in traditional Chinese characters 生死有命 'life and death in destiny' 富贵在天 'Rich in the sky'. It's actually a proverb meaning… 'Death and life have determined appointments; Riches and honours depend upon heaven'. 他身上的汉字文身写着“生死有命富贵在天”。但其实这句俗语的意思是“生与死早已注定，富裕和荣耀也要看上天”。 美国队长也不掉队，在大臂上文了个“氏”。 Captain America, I mean Chris Evans had what he believed to be 'family' tattooed on his right bicep. Unfortunately, 氏(shì) is the character used after a husband's family name to address a married woman. 美国队长Chris Evans在右臂肱二头肌上文了个汉字“氏”，他还以为这个字的意思是“家庭”。遗憾的是，氏一般加在丈夫的姓后面用来称呼已婚女士。 安吉丽娜·朱莉就更加不避讳中文里的特定字了，直接在背上文了一个汉字“死”，手臂上还文了个中国龙。 女演员安吉丽娜·朱莉有个汉字文身有点暗黑的意思——她文了个“死”字。你没看错，就是这个字。不仅如此，她左臂上还文了个中国龙。 有外媒总结了汉字文身的流行原因，包括书法好看、一字多义、而且还有无数先贤的智慧结晶。 书法优美 组成汉字文身的书法本身从语言符号上来讲就比其他任何书面语言符号要更美。 一字多义 每一个神圣的汉字背后都有摄人心魄的深度，自然而然，汉字能展现一种自信优雅精明练达的气质。这些诱人的汉字本身就能传达有些英语整句都没法传达的意思。结果就是，文身墨水通过这种异域情调的形式传达了审慎又不失狡黠的哲思。 先贤名言 另外一派汉字文身就会文中国思想家们的名言。比方说老子和孔子。他们的智慧结晶在今天同样闪光，很快就能引起普罗大众的共鸣。 总结了这么多优点，也拦不住有些人比较容易失手，汉语母语者们看了下面这些文身也很难不脚趾抓地。 这个大哥在两个小臂上文着“命里有时终须有，命里无时莫强求”，豁达的心态用对联的形式表达出来，多少有些让人摸不着头脑。 下面这个可能是一个玄奘西天取经的概念，但是人家文身网站的介绍只会让人困惑。推荐理由是： 跟马相关的中国文身设计 不是什么马都适合往身上文吧。至少问问唐僧他老人家同不同意。 除此之外，尤其不同意外国友人们轻信文身网站上的这种逐字翻译的汉字推荐。 真的就其实还蛮心疼去文“女神、金属、达人”的人的。 不熟悉的文化符号总给人一种神秘古老的感觉。文在身上，却是要冒一番风险。 汉字，连同中国文化，早已不是犹抱琵琶半遮面。慢慢在国际舞台揭开面纱的中国符号们，可能会让曾经盲目挪用的印记变得滑稽和幽默。 下次想文汉字在身上，不妨先问问中国朋友。 calligraphy [kəˈlɪɡrəfi] n 书法 suave [swɑːv] adj 精明练达的；圆滑的 tantalize [ˈtæntəlaɪz] v 逗引；招惹；使干着急 strike a chord with 引起同情（或共鸣） masses [mæsɪz] 群众；平民百姓 编辑：陈月华 实习生：王言 来源：pinterest, itlschool, nextluxury, outsons

假期宅家太无聊，怎么办？双语君推荐几部温馨又治愈的影片，赶快刷起来吧！ 海蒂和爷爷 Heidi 这部带着青草香泥土味的童话电影因阿尔卑斯山旖旎风光和小海蒂自由纯真的心、天真烂漫的笑容和祖孙温情而具有了强大的治愈力量。 Heidi, Girl of the Alps, the character Heidi has always been a ball of positive energy that, through her sweetness and innocence, inadvertently improves the more complicated characters around her. Simple yet affecting, this film is an unassuming delight for both adults and children. 海蒂，这位阿尔卑斯姑娘，她甜美天真，永远充满了正能量。这股能量也潜移默化地改变了她周围很多复杂的人。这部电影虽然朴实却动人心弦，给大人和孩子都带来了无与伦比的欢乐。 电影以孩子的视角叙述故事，这是一双单纯而未经世事的眼睛，看到的自然都是人性中的美好与纯粹，所有的恶意与苦难都被小海蒂的善良一一化解。 海蒂虽然被姨妈连哄带骗带到法兰克福给一位残疾的富家小姐——克拉拉当伴读，但克拉拉是电影中的另一个小天使，她美丽和善，处处维护海蒂。与小伙伴在阿尔卑斯山重逢后亲近自然的她笑靥更加动人。 电影中克拉拉的奶奶令人印象深刻，她睿智又慈祥。当海蒂告诉她自己的愿望是写故事，却被班上同学嘲笑，她疑惑不解时，老奶奶循循善诱： If something in life brings you joy, then you simply have to do it, regardless of what people say. 奶奶的话语温柔又有力量。所以，即使世界没有温柔待你，我们也应用心感受生活，保留内心的善良。 而由布鲁诺·甘茨饰演的看似倔强、性格孤僻，其实内心柔软、质朴真诚的祖父，以自己的方式默默守护着天真可爱的海蒂，祖孙之间的互动，更让人心头一暖。 每一次，看到主人公和大自然亲密接触，油画般的取景让他们的灿烂笑容更具感染力，让人不自觉沉浸其中，跟着他们一起笑起来。 如果你最近被学业或工作裹挟得喘不过气，这部电影会是一剂治愈的良药。 一个叫欧维的男人决定去死 A Man Called Ove 《卫报》给这部电影定位是“a moving and funny tale of a suicidal Swedish”。 这是部名字长到会劝退一大票观众的电影，主人公也不讨喜，是个59岁的瑞典怪老头。他偏执到令人抓狂：每天在固定时间起床、煮咖啡、在居住的社区晃来晃去；对生活骂骂咧咧，看街上每一个人都不顺眼。 电影名字《一个叫欧维的男人决定去死》即概括所有：一个老男人，叫欧维，他决定去死。 An isolated retiree with strict principles and a short fuse, who spends his days enforcing block association rules that only he cares about, and visiting his wife's grave, Ove has given up on life. 欧维是个有严格的原则、脾气火爆的退休老人，过着与世隔绝的生活。这位固执地遵守着只有他自己在意的社区规则，经常去墓前看望亡妻的老人，决定放弃自己。 但现实却总是横生枝节，欧维六次自杀计划均告失败。失败的原因归结起来都是：他在帮助别人，在释放善意，但这时的欧维却不喜欢别人关心。 失去妻子让欧维把自己和他人的联系封锁，但六次自杀均告失败后，欧维心里那道“禁止入内”的标牌开始松动，他开始重新建立起与他人的联系。 Ove gets busy caring for others, and then he grow attached, and then he rediscovers his own best self by other means. 欧维忙着照顾他人，慢慢开始建立起联系，通过种种方式他重新发现了最好的自我。 前方spoiler alert！最后，欧维久久地睡去，睡梦中的欧维身处火车车厢，他先看到一双红色复古高跟鞋，然后看到一个棕色短发、用眼睛冲他微笑的女人。这一次，他又遇到了那束灿烂的光。 愿这个内心柔软、充满恒久爱意的古怪老男人驱赶所有的阴霾；愿这个色调温柔、有点悲伤但很治愈的故事让你觉得这个世界更美好了一点。 普罗旺斯的夏天 My Summer in Provence 这个大叔是不是有点眼熟，《这个杀手不太冷》里的里昂也是他。 这部电影画面美得就像是法国旅游局宣传片，只看风景就足够治愈，虽然小众但不妨碍它成为一部暖心佳作。 电影呈现了一个风景美得令人心驰神往的普罗旺斯。这里没有社交网络、没有霓虹璀璨，有的只是村口的小酒馆和各种露天集市...... 这是一部大家都能猜到影片走向的亲情电影，情节似乎有些老套：一个暑假，居住在法国南部乡村的老人保罗迎来了三个不速之客 —— 在他看来十分“奇葩”的外孙和外孙女。从小的疏远和生活习惯的迥异一开始让保罗和三个孩子相处得格格不入。 In this touching film, Lea, Adrian, and their little brother Theo, born deaf, go on holiday in Provence with their grandfather, Paul they never met because of a family quarrel. Unfortunately, it is not the holidays they dreamed, especially after their father announced that he was leaving the house. In less than 24 hours, it is the clash of generations between the teens and their grandfather. 在这部感人的影片中，Lea、Adrian、天生失聪的弟弟Theo去普罗旺斯和他们因家庭纷争从未见过面的祖父Paul一起度假。但，这并不是他们梦寐以求的假期，尤其是在他们的父亲宣布离家之后。在不到24小时的时间里，代际冲突在这几位青少年和他们的祖父之间出现了。 但时间和以心换心的沟通总是消除隔阂的良药，这期间发生的可爱故事留给大家去探索。 在普罗旺斯的悠长夏日里，在舒缓柔和的音乐中，祖孙间的沟壑逐渐弥合，观众自然会心一笑，亲情可抵岁月漫长。 人生果实 Life is Fruity 春播、夏长、秋收、冬藏，不急不慢，乐此不疲。两位逾百岁老人柴米油盐、简单幸福的悠闲日常让人不禁发出“生活多美好”的感叹。这就是日本纪录片《人生果实》的全部内容。 没有奇巧多变的剧情，没有刻意煽情的情节，有的只是“风吹枯叶落，落叶生肥土，肥土丰香果。孜孜不倦，不紧不慢。” 纪录片的主角是90岁的建筑师修一先生与87岁的英子太太，两人退休后，选择远离城市喧嚣，曾是建筑师的修一先生在日本高藏寺新村的杂木林中亲手建起一座小木屋。 两人顺应四时，用心耕耘着50多种水果、70多种蔬菜和180棵树。 Through Kirin Kiki's very fitting narration, we are introduced to the story of 90-years-old architect Shuichi Tsubata and his wife Hideko, who live in Aichi prefecture, in a house surrounded by an enormous garden "featuring" 70 types of vegetables and 50 types of fruits. 通过树木希林恰如其分地叙述，我们了解到90岁的建筑师津端修一和他的妻子津端英子的故事。他们居住在爱知县的一座被大花园包围的房子里，花园里种有70种蔬菜和50种水果。 The documentary takes a very close look at their everyday life, which revolves around caring for the garden, but also highlights the story of both their 65-year-long relationship and Tsubata's career. 这部纪录片非常仔细地观察了修一夫妇的日常照料花园的生活，同时也着重讲述了他们长达65年的爱情以及修一的职业生涯。 两人会为每一块地种植的作物都认真地插上标签牌子，并标明收获的月份，还会经常附上一句寄语，比如“要长得好看呀~” 院子里还放了一个用了几十年的水盆，是两人专门给周围的小鸟准备的水盆。 This Zen-like doc offers a relaxed look at Shuichi, who was 90 years old at the time of filming but passed away in 2015. Shuichi worked until his dying breath to make every day blossom with his wife Hideko. 这部禅宗般的纪录片讲述了时年90岁的修一先生悠闲的生活，他于2015年去世。生前，修一和妻子英子把每一天都过得充实而精彩。 Shuichi might have been frail, but his mind remained quick as he endeavoured to share the beauty of nature with his neighbours. 修一虽然身体并不硬朗，但他的思维敏捷，努力与邻居分享大自然之美。 看完修一和英子的生活，变老似乎不再是一件令人恐惧的事。酒越久越醇香，人生仿佛也越久越美好。 因为在修一和英子的日常里，热爱生活的热情和勇气让他们安之乐之。修一先生信奉：从自己能做到的开始，一件件事，缓慢而坚定地前进。他们的时间因种植变得充实，他们的生活因自足而丰盈。 整部纪录片将修一和英子40多年的躬耕生活娓娓道来，他们二人彼此相携关照，活成了人们向往的的生活。这样的日子又何惧岁月悠长呢？ 如果你的工作或学习还没有迈入正轨，看看修一和英子，像他们一样开始坚定可爱地生活并努力工作吧。 编辑：陈月华 实习生：承岱丽

Heidi Heidi, Girl of the Alps, the character Heidi has always been a ball of positive energy that, through her sweetness and innocence, inadvertently improves the more complicated characters around her. Simple yet affecting, this film is an unassuming delight for both adults and children. If something in life brings you joy, then you simply have to do it, regardless of what people say. A Man Called Ove An isolated retiree with strict principles and a short fuse, who spends his days enforcing block association rules that only he cares about, and visiting his wife's grave, Ove has given up on life. Ove gets busy caring for others, and then he grow attached, and then he rediscovers his own best self by other means. My Summer in Provence In this touching film, Lea, Adrian, and their little brother Theo, born deaf, go on holiday in Provence with their grandfather, Paul they never met because of a family quarrel. Unfortunately, it is not the holidays they dreamed, especially after their father announced that he was leaving the house. In less than 24 hours, it is the clash of generations between the teens and their grandfather. Life is Fruity Through Kirin Kiki's very fitting narration, we are introduced to the story of 90-years-old architect Shuichi Tsubata and his wife Hideko, who live in Aichi prefecture, in a house surrounded by an enormous garden "featuring" 70 types of vegetables and 50 types of fruits. The documentary takes a very close look at their everyday life, which revolves around caring for the garden, but also highlights the story of both their 65-year-long relationship and Tsubata's career. This Zen-like doc offers a relaxed look at Shuichi, who was 90 years old at the time of filming but passed away in 2015. Shuichi worked until his dying breath to make every day blossom with his wife Hideko. Shuichi might have been frail, but his mind remained quick as he endeavoured to share the beauty of nature with his neighbours.

假期宅家太无聊，怎么办？双语君推荐几部温馨又治愈的影片，赶快刷起来吧！ 海蒂和爷爷 这部带着青草香泥土味的童话电影因阿尔卑斯山旖旎风光和小海蒂自由纯真的心、天真烂漫的笑容和祖孙温情而具有了强大的治愈力量。 海蒂，这位阿尔卑斯姑娘，她甜美天真，永远充满了正能量。这股能量也潜移默化地改变了她周围很多复杂的人。这部电影虽然朴实却动人心弦，给大人和孩子都带来了无与伦比的欢乐。 电影以孩子的视角叙述故事，这是一双单纯而未经世事的眼睛，看到的自然都是人性中的美好与纯粹，所有的恶意与苦难都被小海蒂的善良一一化解。 海蒂虽然被姨妈连哄带骗带到法兰克福给一位残疾的富家小姐——克拉拉当伴读，但克拉拉是电影中的另一个小天使，她美丽和善，处处维护海蒂。与小伙伴在阿尔卑斯山重逢后亲近自然的她笑靥更加动人。 电影中克拉拉的奶奶令人印象深刻，她睿智又慈祥。当海蒂告诉她自己的愿望是写故事，却被班上同学嘲笑，她疑惑不解时，老奶奶循循善诱： 奶奶的话语温柔又有力量。所以，即使世界没有温柔待你，我们也应用心感受生活，保留内心的善良。 而由布鲁诺·甘茨饰演的看似倔强、性格孤僻，其实内心柔软、质朴真诚的祖父，以自己的方式默默守护着天真可爱的海蒂，祖孙之间的互动，更让人心头一暖。 每一次，看到主人公和大自然亲密接触，油画般的取景让他们的灿烂笑容更具感染力，让人不自觉沉浸其中，跟着他们一起笑起来。 如果你最近被学业或工作裹挟得喘不过气，这部电影会是一剂治愈的良药。 一个叫欧维的男人决定去死 《卫报》给这部电影定位是“a moving and funny tale of a suicidal Swedish”。 这是部名字长到会劝退一大票观众的电影，主人公也不讨喜，是个59岁的瑞典怪老头。他偏执到令人抓狂：每天在固定时间起床、煮咖啡、在居住的社区晃来晃去；对生活骂骂咧咧，看街上每一个人都不顺眼。 电影名字《一个叫欧维的男人决定去死》即概括所有：一个老男人，叫欧维，他决定去死。 欧维是个有严格的原则、脾气火爆的退休老人，过着与世隔绝的生活。这位固执地遵守着只有他自己在意的社区规则，经常去墓前看望亡妻的老人，决定放弃自己。 但现实却总是横生枝节，欧维六次自杀计划均告失败。失败的原因归结起来都是：他在帮助别人，在释放善意，但这时的欧维却不喜欢别人关心。 失去妻子让欧维把自己和他人的联系封锁，但六次自杀均告失败后，欧维心里那道“禁止入内”的标牌开始松动，他开始重新建立起与他人的联系。 欧维忙着照顾他人，慢慢开始建立起联系，通过种种方式他重新发现了最好的自我。 前方spoiler alert！最后，欧维久久地睡去，睡梦中的欧维身处火车车厢，他先看到一双红色复古高跟鞋，然后看到一个棕色短发、用眼睛冲他微笑的女人。这一次，他又遇到了那束灿烂的光。 愿这个内心柔软、充满恒久爱意的古怪老男人驱赶所有的阴霾；愿这个色调温柔、有点悲伤但很治愈的故事让你觉得这个世界更美好了一点。 普罗旺斯的夏天 这个大叔是不是有点眼熟，《这个杀手不太冷》里的里昂也是他。 这部电影画面美得就像是法国旅游局宣传片，只看风景就足够治愈，虽然小众但不妨碍它成为一部暖心佳作。 电影呈现了一个风景美得令人心驰神往的普罗旺斯。这里没有社交网络、没有霓虹璀璨，有的只是村口的小酒馆和各种露天集市...... 这是一部大家都能猜到影片走向的亲情电影，情节似乎有些老套：一个暑假，居住在法国南部乡村的老人保罗迎来了三个不速之客 —— 在他看来十分“奇葩”的外孙和外孙女。从小的疏远和生活习惯的迥异一开始让保罗和三个孩子相处得格格不入。 在这部感人的影片中，Lea、Adrian、天生失聪的弟弟Theo去普罗旺斯和他们因家庭纷争从未见过面的祖父Paul一起度假。但，这并不是他们梦寐以求的假期，尤其是在他们的父亲宣布离家之后。在不到24小时的时间里，代际冲突在这几位青少年和他们的祖父之间出现了。 但时间和以心换心的沟通总是消除隔阂的良药，这期间发生的可爱故事留给大家去探索。 在普罗旺斯的悠长夏日里，在舒缓柔和的音乐中，祖孙间的沟壑逐渐弥合，观众自然会心一笑，亲情可抵岁月漫长。 人生果实 春播、夏长、秋收、冬藏，不急不慢，乐此不疲。两位逾百岁老人柴米油盐、简单幸福的悠闲日常让人不禁发出“生活多美好”的感叹。这就是日本纪录片《人生果实》的全部内容。 没有奇巧多变的剧情，没有刻意煽情的情节，有的只是“风吹枯叶落，落叶生肥土，肥土丰香果。孜孜不倦，不紧不慢。” 纪录片的主角是90岁的建筑师修一先生与87岁的英子太太，两人退休后，选择远离城市喧嚣，曾是建筑师的修一先生在日本高藏寺新村的杂木林中亲手建起一座小木屋。 两人顺应四时，用心耕耘着50多种水果、70多种蔬菜和180棵树。 通过树木希林恰如其分地叙述，我们了解到90岁的建筑师津端修一和他的妻子津端英子的故事。他们居住在爱知县的一座被大花园包围的房子里，花园里种有70种蔬菜和50种水果。 这部纪录片非常仔细地观察了修一夫妇的日常照料花园的生活，同时也着重讲述了他们长达65年的爱情以及修一的职业生涯。 两人会为每一块地种植的作物都认真地插上标签牌子，并标明收获的月份，还会经常附上一句寄语，比如“要长得好看呀~” 院子里还放了一个用了几十年的水盆，是两人专门给周围的小鸟准备的水盆。 这部禅宗般的纪录片讲述了时年90岁的修一先生悠闲的生活，他于2015年去世。生前，修一和妻子英子把每一天都过得充实而精彩。 修一虽然身体并不硬朗，但他的思维敏捷，努力与邻居分享大自然之美。 看完修一和英子的生活，变老似乎不再是一件令人恐惧的事。酒越久越醇香，人生仿佛也越久越美好。 因为在修一和英子的日常里，热爱生活的热情和勇气让他们安之乐之。修一先生信奉：从自己能做到的开始，一件件事，缓慢而坚定地前进。他们的时间因种植变得充实，他们的生活因自足而丰盈。 整部纪录片将修一和英子40多年的躬耕生活娓娓道来，他们二人彼此相携关照，活成了人们向往的的生活。这样的日子又何惧岁月悠长呢？ 如果你的工作或学习还没有迈入正轨，看看修一和英子，像他们一样开始坚定可爱地生活并努力工作吧。 编辑：陈月华 实习生：承岱丽

#分享你的拼贴诗#最近登上了豆瓣热门话题。 这种将报纸、杂志、以及其他书面来源的词语、短句剪贴下来，按照自己的灵感再创作，拼贴而成的新作品就叫做拼贴诗。 通过拼贴，作者通常能创造出意想不到的效果。 免责声明 未来，尚不明确 如有问题 可以体谅。 ——海边的卡夫饼干 自由真切实在。 请配合乙醇使用 注意：本品不可替代药物 如有问题可与“习惯”联系 ——海边的卡夫饼干 爱情经验 请勿投入真心。 赔本买卖。 防不胜防 ——海边的卡夫饼干 就好像做错了什么事似的。 少年 是一个锋利的哑巴 ——吃面不爱喝汤 英文中的拼贴诗叫做found poems.意思是你需要从原来的文本中发现诗歌。 下面这两首诗很好的解释了这一概念。 The feeling of gravity keeps us down 感觉到 重力 让 我们 沮丧 some prejudice made him feel an outsider alien and lone, fear made him stand self-consciously on his dignity he envied men who never had to shout he shouted and there was an ugly rasp in his voice 有些 偏见 让他觉得自己是个外人 格格不入形单影只，恐惧 使他矗立 自豪又局促不安 他嫉妒那些 从未被迫咆哮的人 他吼出了声 声音里有一丝丑陋的刺耳 上面这种英文拼贴诗叫做eraser found poem。 You erase a majority of the words on the page to create a poem. 通过擦掉页面上的大部分词句来创作诗歌。 下面这种也是： I fear seeing unhappy truths. I should glance at the object of hope. 我害怕看到不喜的真相 我应该瞥一眼 希望 Hope by Jennifer Betts Carrie Arizona创作的Beautiful Leech也是这一类。 Whoever you may be, be as blood flowing to a bleeding answer. I am a wound who lives on blood like a beautiful leech. 不管你是谁 请流成血 流出个该死的答案 我应是一个伤口 住在血上 像一只漂亮的水蛭 然而，有一类特殊的eraser found poem是blackout poem.它能创造出极大的视觉效果，凸显诗歌。 This is where a black, or colored, marker is used to black out all the wording on the page but the poem. It creates a drastic contrast, bringing the poem to the front. 人们用黑色或者彩色的马克笔涂掉除了诗以外的所有词句。这样就有了极其强烈的对比，凸显了诗。 Luke Perry calls Mr. Rogers’ voice mail Not to add to the messages But to listen to the voice Luke Perry打通了Rogers先生的电话语音信箱 不是为了留个信 而是为了听个声 Neighbors by Austin Kleon 最后一种，也就是我们常说的中文拼贴诗的那种剪贴方法，叫做cut-up collage poems。 下面这首“诗”就用了这种方法，讲明白了如何用该方法写诗。 The original collage poem recipe cut-out ingredients misplaced words leftovers recycled language A dash of truth a pinch of fantasy stir up, build it add something unexpected words hit their mark no matter what happens The language is sumptuous individual infused with creative nourishment 原创拼贴诗攻略 剪裁词句组分 打乱它们 存留部分 回收语言 一些些真相 一撮幻想 搅浑，铸造 加上些意料之外 词句碰撞标点 无论发生什么 语言都是华丽 个人化 注满了 创意的营养 拼贴诗的魅力不仅仅在于脑暴似的随机词句，还在于创作过程中夹带的视觉冲击——不同来源的词句拥有不同的字体和色号，因此，拼贴不仅是遣词造句，更是作画。 再加上拼贴的材料隐约透露出它们的来源，使得原本悬空的文字更添与现实的照应——比如，药品盒上的使用说明在文字之外给拼贴诗蒙上了一层严肃。 Note gravity [ˈɡrævəti] n重力；地球引力 rasp [ræsp] n刺耳的声音；刮擦声 leech [liːtʃ] n水蛭；蚂蟥 collage [kəˈlɑːʒ] n拼贴艺术；拼贴画 sumptuous [ˈsʌmptʃuəs] adj华贵的；豪华的；奢华的 infuse [ɪnˈfjuːz] v使具有，注入（某特性） 编辑：李雪晴 参考来源：豆瓣、deviantart、kirstyes、chickollage

The feeling of gravity keeps us down some prejudice made him feel an outsider alien and lone, fear made him stand self-consciously on his dignity he envied men who never had to shout he shouted and there was an ugly rasp in his voice You erase a majority of the words on the page to create a poem. I fear seeing unhappy truths. I should glance at the object of hope. Hope by Jennifer Betts Whoever you may be, be as blood flowing to a bleeding answer. I am a wound who lives on blood like a beautiful leech. This is where a black, or colored, marker is used to black out all the wording on the page but the poem. It creates a drastic contrast, bringing the poem to the front. Luke Perry calls Mr. Rogers’ voice mail Not to add to the messages But to listen to the voice Neighbors by Austin Kleon The original collage poem recipe cut-out ingredients misplaced words leftovers recycled language A dash of truth a pinch of fantasy stir up, build it add something unexpected words hit their mark no matter what happens The language is sumptuous individual infused with creative nourishment Note

#分享你的拼贴诗#最近登上了豆瓣热门话题。 这种将报纸、杂志、以及其他书面来源的词语、短句剪贴下来，按照自己的灵感再创作，拼贴而成的新作品就叫做拼贴诗。 通过拼贴，作者通常能创造出意想不到的效果。 免责声明 未来，尚不明确 如有问题 可以体谅。 ——海边的卡夫饼干 自由真切实在。 请配合乙醇使用 注意：本品不可替代药物 如有问题可与“习惯”联系 ——海边的卡夫饼干 爱情经验 请勿投入真心。 赔本买卖。 防不胜防 ——海边的卡夫饼干 就好像做错了什么事似的。 少年 是一个锋利的哑巴 ——吃面不爱喝汤 英文中的拼贴诗叫做found poems.意思是你需要从原来的文本中发现诗歌。 下面这两首诗很好的解释了这一概念。 感觉到 重力 让 我们 沮丧 有些 偏见 让他觉得自己是个外人 格格不入形单影只，恐惧 使他矗立 自豪又局促不安 他嫉妒那些 从未被迫咆哮的人 他吼出了声 声音里有一丝丑陋的刺耳 上面这种英文拼贴诗叫做eraser found poem。 通过擦掉页面上的大部分词句来创作诗歌。 下面这种也是： 我害怕看到不喜的真相 我应该瞥一眼 希望 Carrie Arizona创作的Beautiful Leech也是这一类。 不管你是谁 请流成血 流出个该死的答案 我应是一个伤口 住在血上 像一只漂亮的水蛭 然而，有一类特殊的eraser found poem是blackout poem.它能创造出极大的视觉效果，凸显诗歌。 人们用黑色或者彩色的马克笔涂掉除了诗以外的所有词句。这样就有了极其强烈的对比，凸显了诗。 Luke Perry打通了Rogers先生的电话语音信箱 不是为了留个信 而是为了听个声 最后一种，也就是我们常说的中文拼贴诗的那种剪贴方法，叫做cut-up collage poems。 下面这首“诗”就用了这种方法，讲明白了如何用该方法写诗。 原创拼贴诗攻略 剪裁词句组分 打乱它们 存留部分 回收语言 一些些真相 一撮幻想 搅浑，铸造 加上些意料之外 词句碰撞标点 无论发生什么 语言都是华丽 个人化 注满了 创意的营养 拼贴诗的魅力不仅仅在于脑暴似的随机词句，还在于创作过程中夹带的视觉冲击——不同来源的词句拥有不同的字体和色号，因此，拼贴不仅是遣词造句，更是作画。 再加上拼贴的材料隐约透露出它们的来源，使得原本悬空的文字更添与现实的照应——比如，药品盒上的使用说明在文字之外给拼贴诗蒙上了一层严肃。 gravity [ˈɡrævəti] n重力；地球引力 rasp [ræsp] n刺耳的声音；刮擦声 leech [liːtʃ] n水蛭；蚂蟥 collage [kəˈlɑːʒ] n拼贴艺术；拼贴画 sumptuous [ˈsʌmptʃuəs] adj华贵的；豪华的；奢华的 infuse [ɪnˈfjuːz] v使具有，注入（某特性） 编辑：李雪晴 参考来源：豆瓣、deviantart、kirstyes、chickollage

双节假期刚刚开始，各位应该已经在旅游的路上放飞自我了吧？ 去海边耍有福建广东广西海南、西北一趟可观长河落日大漠孤烟、行至中原又有至美秋景、游历西南还能成都重庆贵阳昆明一路火锅。 9月14日，云南大理，洱海湖畔的双廊古镇 图片：视觉中国 玩遍中国这件事几百年前就有人做到了。 这人叫徐霞客。 《南华早报》的文章评价他是 “ one of a kind（独一无二） ”，30年行走中国。 Xu Xiake was one of a kind, not least because he spent three decades on the road four centuries ago. 徐霞客是那种独一无二的人，400多年前，他就花了30年行走中国。 他出生在江阴的一个富庶家庭，妈妈是少有的读过书的女子。徐霞客科举不顺，便只能务农从商，后来觉得不是自己想做的事情，就开始游历，听起来颇有些“明朝后浪”的意思。 Extremely unusually for those times, Xu’s mother was fully literate, and she encouraged her son to read voraciously from his father’s amply stocked library. But at the age of 15, Xu failed the imperial examinations, which were seen as a steppingstone to a respected position in the hierarchy. Initially disappointed, he seemed set to follow in his father’s footsteps as a farmer and merchant. Then wanderlust took hold. 在那个时候很少见，徐霞客的妈妈是读过书的，她还鼓励自己的儿子多读书，读父亲藏书阁里的书。15岁的时候，徐霞客科举未中，那时候科举可是进入官宦阶层受人敬仰的道路。刚开始还很沮丧，他似乎只能走父亲的老路，开始务农和经商。不过之后，爱玩的心就占了上风。 他在游记里写下当时妈妈对他说的话：“ At home you’re like a fenced-in chicken or a harnessed pony. Go travel and show me paintings of the scenery you see. （岂令儿以藩中雉、辕下驹坐困为？第游名胜，归袖图一一示我。）” 明朝商业活动频繁，交通发达，但是徐霞客却只喜欢走路旅行。他长得十分高大，有人形容他 “as nimble as an ape and sturdy as an ox（捷如青猿，健如黄犊）”。 钱谦益也很诗意地形容过他旅游的状态——“ drifting with the water, floating with the wind （随水漂流，与云同游）”。 这么爱旅游，他都去过哪儿呢？ 几乎每个省徐霞客都去过。那个年代，想想看。 南京、黄山、西湖、东莞、洛阳、华山、泰山、武当山…… 这么看，他其实是个登山客。 安徽黄山，日落云海 图片：视觉中国 He strode to every province in China, taking in bustling cities such as Nanjing; the alpine scenery of Huangshan; West Lake, in Hangzhou; and Songshan Lake, in Dongguan; as well as Wuyishan, etc. 他踏遍了中国的每个省。眼里看过南京这样的繁华都市、黄山的高山奇景、杭州西湖、东莞松山湖、福建武夷山等等。 路上艰难险阻也是不少，被打劫、生病、被人骗、走错路…… Xu was mugged on more than one occasion, frequently laid low by disease, swindled by unscrupulous landlords and traders, and often wandered for miles away from his route, having been misdirected or simply lost his bearings. Short of funds, he once traded a poetry recitation for a basket of mushrooms; on another occasion, he was reduced to bartering his clothes for food. 徐霞客不止一次遭到抢劫，经常因疾病卧床，被无良的地主和商人所欺骗，还常常偏离路线、被指错路或者干脆迷路。没钱的时候，他给人读诗，就为了换一篮子蘑菇；还有一次，他窘迫到拿自己的衣服来换吃的。 明朝的景点乱收费，他也是看不下去的，糟糕的心情一定会写进游记里。 Entrance fees to famous grottoes were guaranteed to put Xu in a foul mood, likewise charges levied for using the rope ladders or bridges that led to them. 有些著名的洞窟门口有人收费，徐霞客肯定会气到不行。还有的时候，爬绳梯或者过桥去这些洞窟也会被人收过路费。 徐霞客一生在路上，他的游记和他的知识一样涵盖面广，是那个时代人的奇迹。 His 600,000-word youji, or travelogue, which was eventually published in 1776, some 135 years after his death, is packed with a wealth of detail. Xu’s learning and keen powers of observation led him to comment knowledgeably on geography, hydrology, geology and botany. 他60万字的游记最终出版于1776年，也就是大约在他去世135年后。游记里充满了丰富的细节。徐霞客的学识和敏锐的观察力使他对地理、水文学、地质学和植物学发表的评论都十分有见地。 《南华早报》评价徐霞客说： He was the archetypal happy wanderer, a trenchant and witty writer, and a scientist some way ahead of his time. 他就是那种典型的快乐漫游者，又是一位言辞辛辣妙语连珠的作家，此外，还是一位领先时代的科学家。 中国人游遍中国已然不易，古代外国人来华那就更需要勇气了。 意大利威尼斯人马可·波罗就是大家熟知的旅行家。 1271年得到了教皇的同意和资助后，17岁的马可·波罗和父亲还有叔叔踏上了丝绸之路，路上就花了四年时间。地中海、黑海、巴格达、波斯湾、伊朗、帕米尔高原、新疆、敦煌…… 学习他的路径不亚于复习一部分世界地理。 到了新疆，他就被喀什和和田的美景吸引，穿过塔克拉玛干沙漠之后又去了敦煌，看了莫高窟。 2018年6月 莫高窟 图片：视觉中国 这简直是一个西北十五天才能玩下来的团啊。 They continued on their journey along the Hexi Corridor and reached Shangdu in Inner Mongolia (the summer palace of Kublai Khan) in 1275 AD. Kublai Khan gave them a hospitable reception there and took them to Dadu (now Beijing). 他们在河西走廊上继续旅途，不久就于 1275 年到达了内蒙古的上都（忽必烈的夏宫）。忽必烈在那里热情地接待了他们，然后就带着他们去了大都（今北京）。 聪明如他，在华期间学会了汉语和蒙语，和忽必烈成了密友，被派出使了很多国家。 回到意大利之后口述的游记被《国家地理》杂志评价为世界上第一部畅销游记。换句话说，他就是中世纪的畅销书作家。 Marco Polo's odyssey spawned one of the world's first best sellers. Medieval audiences couldn’t get enough of Polo’s fascinating accounts of faraway lands, turning his book into a runaway success. 马可·波罗旅途中的艰苦跋涉使他创造了世界上最早的畅销书之一。中世纪的读者对波罗对遥远土地的迷人描述爱得不行，他的游记很快就卖爆了。 写游记不是每个人都具备的技能，旅游还要写东西恐怕会让很多人想起小时候被日记、周记支配的恐惧。但如今，大家都可以拍Vlog了，上传到社交网站，古代有畅销游记作家，现在就是旅游大V博主。 国庆去哪儿不重要，保持徐霞客和马可·波罗的那种从探索中获取快乐的态度才最重要。 Vocabulary voracious [vəˈreɪʃəs] adj（对信息、知识）渴求的；求知欲强的 wanderlust [ˈwɒndəlʌst] n 漫游癖；旅行癖 nimble [ˈnɪmbl] adj 灵活的；敏捷的 mug [mʌɡ] v 行凶抢劫；打劫 swindle [ˈswɪndl] v 诈骗；骗取 unscrupulous [ʌnˈskruːpjələs] adj 不道德的；不诚实的 levy [ˈlevi] v 征收；征（税） hospitable [hɒˈspɪtəbl] adj 好客的；热情友好的；殷勤的 spawn [spɔːn] v 产卵；引发；引起；导致；造成 runaway [ˈrʌnəweɪ] adj 轻易的；迅速的；难以控制的 trenchant [ˈtrentʃənt] adj （批评、言语等）尖锐的；有效的；鲜明的 （来源：中国日报双语新闻微信公众号 编辑：唐晓敏）

Xu Xiake was one of a kind, not least because he spent three decades on the road four centuries ago. Extremely unusually for those times, Xu’s mother was fully literate, and she encouraged her son to read voraciously from his father’s amply stocked library. But at the age of 15, Xu failed the imperial examinations, which were seen as a steppingstone to a respected position in the hierarchy. Initially disappointed, he seemed set to follow in his father’s footsteps as a farmer and merchant. Then wanderlust took hold. At home you’re like a fenced-in chicken or a harnessed pony. Go travel and show me paintings of the scenery you see. drifting with the water, floating with the wind He strode to every province in China, taking in bustling cities such as Nanjing; the alpine scenery of Huangshan; West Lake, in Hangzhou; and Songshan Lake, in Dongguan; as well as Wuyishan, etc. Xu was mugged on more than one occasion, frequently laid low by disease, swindled by unscrupulous landlords and traders, and often wandered for miles away from his route, having been misdirected or simply lost his bearings. Short of funds, he once traded a poetry recitation for a basket of mushrooms; on another occasion, he was reduced to bartering his clothes for food. Entrance fees to famous grottoes were guaranteed to put Xu in a foul mood, likewise charges levied for using the rope ladders or bridges that led to them. His 600,000-word youji, or travelogue, which was eventually published in 1776, some 135 years after his death, is packed with a wealth of detail. Xu’s learning and keen powers of observation led him to comment knowledgeably on geography, hydrology, geology and botany. He was the archetypal happy wanderer, a trenchant and witty writer, and a scientist some way ahead of his time. They continued on their journey along the Hexi Corridor and reached Shangdu in Inner Mongolia (the summer palace of Kublai Khan) in 1275 AD. Kublai Khan gave them a hospitable reception there and took them to Dadu (now Beijing). Marco Polo's odyssey spawned one of the world's first best sellers. Medieval audiences couldn’t get enough of Polo’s fascinating accounts of faraway lands, turning his book into a runaway success. Vocabulary

双节假期刚刚开始，各位应该已经在旅游的路上放飞自我了吧？ 去海边耍有福建广东广西海南、西北一趟可观长河落日大漠孤烟、行至中原又有至美秋景、游历西南还能成都重庆贵阳昆明一路火锅。 9月14日，云南大理，洱海湖畔的双廊古镇 图片：视觉中国 玩遍中国这件事几百年前就有人做到了。 这人叫徐霞客。 《南华早报》的文章评价他是 “ one of a kind（独一无二） ”，30年行走中国。 徐霞客是那种独一无二的人，400多年前，他就花了30年行走中国。 他出生在江阴的一个富庶家庭，妈妈是少有的读过书的女子。徐霞客科举不顺，便只能务农从商，后来觉得不是自己想做的事情，就开始游历，听起来颇有些“明朝后浪”的意思。 在那个时候很少见，徐霞客的妈妈是读过书的，她还鼓励自己的儿子多读书，读父亲藏书阁里的书。15岁的时候，徐霞客科举未中，那时候科举可是进入官宦阶层受人敬仰的道路。刚开始还很沮丧，他似乎只能走父亲的老路，开始务农和经商。不过之后，爱玩的心就占了上风。 他在游记里写下当时妈妈对他说的话：“ （岂令儿以藩中雉、辕下驹坐困为？第游名胜，归袖图一一示我。）” 明朝商业活动频繁，交通发达，但是徐霞客却只喜欢走路旅行。他长得十分高大，有人形容他 “as nimble as an ape and sturdy as an ox（捷如青猿，健如黄犊）”。 钱谦益也很诗意地形容过他旅游的状态——“ （随水漂流，与云同游）”。 这么爱旅游，他都去过哪儿呢？ 几乎每个省徐霞客都去过。那个年代，想想看。 南京、黄山、西湖、东莞、洛阳、华山、泰山、武当山…… 这么看，他其实是个登山客。 安徽黄山，日落云海 图片：视觉中国 他踏遍了中国的每个省。眼里看过南京这样的繁华都市、黄山的高山奇景、杭州西湖、东莞松山湖、福建武夷山等等。 路上艰难险阻也是不少，被打劫、生病、被人骗、走错路…… 徐霞客不止一次遭到抢劫，经常因疾病卧床，被无良的地主和商人所欺骗，还常常偏离路线、被指错路或者干脆迷路。没钱的时候，他给人读诗，就为了换一篮子蘑菇；还有一次，他窘迫到拿自己的衣服来换吃的。 明朝的景点乱收费，他也是看不下去的，糟糕的心情一定会写进游记里。 有些著名的洞窟门口有人收费，徐霞客肯定会气到不行。还有的时候，爬绳梯或者过桥去这些洞窟也会被人收过路费。 徐霞客一生在路上，他的游记和他的知识一样涵盖面广，是那个时代人的奇迹。 他60万字的游记最终出版于1776年，也就是大约在他去世135年后。游记里充满了丰富的细节。徐霞客的学识和敏锐的观察力使他对地理、水文学、地质学和植物学发表的评论都十分有见地。 《南华早报》评价徐霞客说： 他就是那种典型的快乐漫游者，又是一位言辞辛辣妙语连珠的作家，此外，还是一位领先时代的科学家。 中国人游遍中国已然不易，古代外国人来华那就更需要勇气了。 意大利威尼斯人马可·波罗就是大家熟知的旅行家。 1271年得到了教皇的同意和资助后，17岁的马可·波罗和父亲还有叔叔踏上了丝绸之路，路上就花了四年时间。地中海、黑海、巴格达、波斯湾、伊朗、帕米尔高原、新疆、敦煌…… 学习他的路径不亚于复习一部分世界地理。 到了新疆，他就被喀什和和田的美景吸引，穿过塔克拉玛干沙漠之后又去了敦煌，看了莫高窟。 2018年6月 莫高窟 图片：视觉中国 这简直是一个西北十五天才能玩下来的团啊。 他们在河西走廊上继续旅途，不久就于 1275 年到达了内蒙古的上都（忽必烈的夏宫）。忽必烈在那里热情地接待了他们，然后就带着他们去了大都（今北京）。 聪明如他，在华期间学会了汉语和蒙语，和忽必烈成了密友，被派出使了很多国家。 回到意大利之后口述的游记被《国家地理》杂志评价为世界上第一部畅销游记。换句话说，他就是中世纪的畅销书作家。 马可·波罗旅途中的艰苦跋涉使他创造了世界上最早的畅销书之一。中世纪的读者对波罗对遥远土地的迷人描述爱得不行，他的游记很快就卖爆了。 写游记不是每个人都具备的技能，旅游还要写东西恐怕会让很多人想起小时候被日记、周记支配的恐惧。但如今，大家都可以拍Vlog了，上传到社交网站，古代有畅销游记作家，现在就是旅游大V博主。 国庆去哪儿不重要，保持徐霞客和马可·波罗的那种从探索中获取快乐的态度才最重要。 voracious [vəˈreɪʃəs] adj（对信息、知识）渴求的；求知欲强的 wanderlust [ˈwɒndəlʌst] n 漫游癖；旅行癖 nimble [ˈnɪmbl] adj 灵活的；敏捷的 mug [mʌɡ] v 行凶抢劫；打劫 swindle [ˈswɪndl] v 诈骗；骗取 unscrupulous [ʌnˈskruːpjələs] adj 不道德的；不诚实的 levy [ˈlevi] v 征收；征（税） hospitable [hɒˈspɪtəbl] adj 好客的；热情友好的；殷勤的 spawn [spɔːn] v 产卵；引发；引起；导致；造成 runaway [ˈrʌnəweɪ] adj 轻易的；迅速的；难以控制的 trenchant [ˈtrentʃənt] adj （批评、言语等）尖锐的；有效的；鲜明的 （来源：中国日报双语新闻微信公众号 编辑：唐晓敏）

法国环境部长芭芭拉·蓬皮利近日宣布，巡回演出的马戏团未来数年内不得使用熊、老虎、狮子、大象及其他野生动物进行表演。蓬皮利还表示，法国国内3个海豚馆将不再引入海豚及虎鲸，并禁止养殖水貂获取貂皮。 Ranae Smith@bryteeyes3/unsplash France will gradually ban the use of wild animals in circuses, phase out orca and dolphin shows and will ban mink farming for fur, the environment minister said on Tuesday. 法国环境部长本周二（9月29日）表示，法国将逐步禁止马戏团使用野生动物表演，并逐步取消虎鲸和海豚的表演，还将禁止养殖水貂获取貂皮。 The transition will take several years and existing animal shows will receive government support to switch to a new model, Environment Minister Barbara Pompili told a news conference. 环境部长芭芭拉·蓬皮利在新闻发布会上说，这一转变将需要几年的时间，政府将为现有的动物表演转型至新模式提供支持。 “Today, I announce the progressive end of the presence of wild animals in travelling circuses, a ban on the presence of orcas and dolphins in dolphinariums not adapted to the needs of marine mammals, and the end of mink farming for fur,” she said. 她说：“今天，我宣布将逐步禁止巡回马戏团使用野生动物，禁止在不适应海洋哺乳动物需要的海豚馆中饲养虎鲸和海豚，并禁止养殖水貂获取貂皮。” She said the measures would affect about 80 circuses, which have some 230 animals, including big cats, elephants, hippos, wolves and others. 她说，这些措施将影响到约80家马戏团，这些马戏团有大约230只动物，包括大型猫科动物、大象、河马和狼等。 France, which has three dolphinariums, will not allow the opening of new ones and wants the closure of existing ones within seven to 10 years. She also wants the closure of four mink farms within five years. 法国拥有三家海豚馆，今后将不再允许开设新海豚馆，并希望在七到十年内关闭现有的海豚馆。芭芭拉·蓬皮利还希望在五年内关闭四家水貂养殖场。 The state will provide an aid package of more than 8 million euros to help animal shows switch to a new business model. 法国政府将提供超过800万欧元（约合人民币6400万元）的援助，帮助动物演出机构转型为新商业模式。 Some 20 European countries have already banned or limited the presence of wild animals in circuses. In France, many cities already do not allow circuses with wild animal shows to pitch their tents. 目前约有20个欧洲国家已禁止或限制马戏团使用野生动物表演。在法国，许多城市已经不允许有野生动物表演的马戏团演出。 Head of the French animal shows association William Kerwich said the ban is “a knife in the back” of an industry already hurting from coronavirus crowd limits. 法国动物表演协会主席威廉·克里奇说，这项禁令给已经受到新冠疫情期间人群聚集限制伤害的行业“背后捅了一刀”。 “It will put people out of work. And who will take care of the animals, they are born in captivity, they cannot be set free in the wild,” he said on BFM television. 他在BFM电视台的节目中说：“这会让人们失业。谁来照顾这些动物呢？它们是在圈养中出生的，不能放归野外。” Animal rights group Fondation Brigitte Bardot said in a statement it would welcome all circus animals, “who are currently kept captive and exploited in terrible circumstances”. 动物权益保护组织碧姬·芭铎基金会在一份声明中表示，该组织欢迎所有马戏团的动物，“目前这些动物被圈养和利用，生存环境恶劣”。 英文来源：路透社 翻译&编辑：yaning

Ranae Smith@bryteeyes3/unsplash France will gradually ban the use of wild animals in circuses, phase out orca and dolphin shows and will ban mink farming for fur, the environment minister said on Tuesday. The transition will take several years and existing animal shows will receive government support to switch to a new model, Environment Minister Barbara Pompili told a news conference. “Today, I announce the progressive end of the presence of wild animals in travelling circuses, a ban on the presence of orcas and dolphins in dolphinariums not adapted to the needs of marine mammals, and the end of mink farming for fur,” she said. She said the measures would affect about 80 circuses, which have some 230 animals, including big cats, elephants, hippos, wolves and others. France, which has three dolphinariums, will not allow the opening of new ones and wants the closure of existing ones within seven to 10 years. She also wants the closure of four mink farms within five years. The state will provide an aid package of more than 8 million euros to help animal shows switch to a new business model. Some 20 European countries have already banned or limited the presence of wild animals in circuses. In France, many cities already do not allow circuses with wild animal shows to pitch their tents. Head of the French animal shows association William Kerwich said the ban is “a knife in the back” of an industry already hurting from coronavirus crowd limits. “It will put people out of work. And who will take care of the animals, they are born in captivity, they cannot be set free in the wild,” he said on BFM television. Animal rights group Fondation Brigitte Bardot said in a statement it would welcome all circus animals, “who are currently kept captive and exploited in terrible circumstances”.

法国环境部长芭芭拉·蓬皮利近日宣布，巡回演出的马戏团未来数年内不得使用熊、老虎、狮子、大象及其他野生动物进行表演。蓬皮利还表示，法国国内3个海豚馆将不再引入海豚及虎鲸，并禁止养殖水貂获取貂皮。 法国环境部长本周二（9月29日）表示，法国将逐步禁止马戏团使用野生动物表演，并逐步取消虎鲸和海豚的表演，还将禁止养殖水貂获取貂皮。 环境部长芭芭拉·蓬皮利在新闻发布会上说，这一转变将需要几年的时间，政府将为现有的动物表演转型至新模式提供支持。 她说：“今天，我宣布将逐步禁止巡回马戏团使用野生动物，禁止在不适应海洋哺乳动物需要的海豚馆中饲养虎鲸和海豚，并禁止养殖水貂获取貂皮。” 她说，这些措施将影响到约80家马戏团，这些马戏团有大约230只动物，包括大型猫科动物、大象、河马和狼等。 法国拥有三家海豚馆，今后将不再允许开设新海豚馆，并希望在七到十年内关闭现有的海豚馆。芭芭拉·蓬皮利还希望在五年内关闭四家水貂养殖场。 法国政府将提供超过800万欧元（约合人民币6400万元）的援助，帮助动物演出机构转型为新商业模式。 目前约有20个欧洲国家已禁止或限制马戏团使用野生动物表演。在法国，许多城市已经不允许有野生动物表演的马戏团演出。 法国动物表演协会主席威廉·克里奇说，这项禁令给已经受到新冠疫情期间人群聚集限制伤害的行业“背后捅了一刀”。 他在BFM电视台的节目中说：“这会让人们失业。谁来照顾这些动物呢？它们是在圈养中出生的，不能放归野外。” 动物权益保护组织碧姬·芭铎基金会在一份声明中表示，该组织欢迎所有马戏团的动物，“目前这些动物被圈养和利用，生存环境恶劣”。 英文来源：路透社 翻译&编辑：yaning

关于可持续时尚，社会各界一直有很多不同的声音。有人认为，购买打着环保旗号的品牌服装有助于保护环境，还有人认为，购买奢侈品牌而不买快时尚品牌的衣服可以防止工人被压榨。这些都是广为流传的误解。真相到底是什么呢？ Photo by Becca McHaffie on Unsplash 关于可持续时尚最常见的9个误解（上） MYTH: Brands that promote sustainability are sustainable 误解五：打着可持续旗号的品牌就是可持续的 TRUTH: "Sustainability" and other greenwashing buzzwords can be misused to attract consumers eager to reduce their environmental impact on the planet. Fashion search engine Lyst reported in 2019 that it saw a 75% increase in sustainable-related search terms compared with the previous year. "Objective criteria for rating sustainable fashion are missing," McKinsey's Saskia Hedrich told CNN. 事实： “可持续”和其他“漂绿”的流行词可能被误用于吸引那些迫切想减少对地球环境影响的顾客。时尚搜索引擎Lyst去年报告称，2019年可持续相关的搜索词条相比前一年增加了75%。麦肯锡咨询公司的萨斯基亚·海德里希告诉美国有线电视新闻网说：“可持续时尚的客观评价标准缺失了。” MYTH: Most clothes can be recycled 误解六：大多数衣服都可以被回收 TRUTH: Clothing can be difficult to recycle, in part because of how it's made. For one, many fabrics are made from blends (of cotton and polyester, for instance), which must be separated if the material is to be turned into a new garment. In the US, less than 14% of clothing and shoes thrown away end up being recycled. But "recycling" is also a broad term that can be broken down into "downcycling" and "upcycling," and the difference matters. Downcycled garments often wind up as fibers used for home insulation or carpets. In Europe, less than 1% of collected clothing is actually recycled into new garments, according to Circle Economy. 事实： 衣服回收起来可能会很难，一部分是因为衣服的制作方法。首先，许多面料都是棉涤或其他材质混纺，如果要用这些面料重新做成新衣就必须把各种材质分开。在美国，被扔掉的衣服鞋子最后只有不到14%被回收。但是“回收”从广义上可以被分为“下游循环”和“上游循环”，而两者的区别很重要。下游循环的衣服通常会成为用于家庭隔热材料或地毯的纤维。循环经济组织称，在欧洲，不到1%的收集到的衣服真的被回收并制成新衣服。 MYTH: It's not worth it to repair cheap clothes. 误解七：修补便宜衣服不值当 TRUTH: Mending a fast fashion item may mean spending what you paid for it, but keeping the same clothes in rotation is the best thing you can do to reduce your carbon footprint. You can also learn how to carry out small repairs at home to keep costs down, including replacing buttons, fixing broken zippers, resewing loose seams and hemming pants. 事实： 修补一件快时尚衣服也许意味着修补花的钱和买衣服花的钱一样多，但是循环使用同一件衣服是减少碳足迹的最佳方法。你也可以学习如何在家小修小补以节省成本，包括换纽扣、修拉链、缝合开线处和给裤子卷边。 MYTH: Your online returns are resold to other customers 误解八：你网购退回的衣服又被卖给其他顾客 TRUTH: Your returns may end up incinerated or in landfills. It's often cheaper for companies to dispose of returns than to inspect and repackage them, and labels may be unwilling to donate the items for fear of cheapening their brand or damaging their exclusivity. A CBC report in 2019 highlighted this practice, pointing out that the volume of online returns has also increased by 95% over the past five years. 事实： 你退回的衣服可能最后被焚烧或扔进了垃圾填埋场。公司检查和重新包装退回的衣服所花的费用通常比直接处理掉更高。品牌商也可能因担心拉低品牌价值或破坏独特性而不愿捐掉退回的衣服。加拿大广播公司2019年的一份报告凸显了这种行为，并指出网购退货量在过去五年增加了95%。 MYTH: Your clothes are from the country listed on the tag 误解九：你的衣服来自标签上印的生产国 TRUTH: Your clothes may be assembled in that country, but the tag can't reveal the complex chain of labor that went into making them. "Your label won't tell you where in the world the cotton was farmed, where the fiber was spun into a yarn, where the yarn was woven into a fabric (or) where it was dyed and printed," states Fashion Revolution's report, "How to Be a Fashion Revolutionary." "It won't tell you where the thread, dyes, zips, buttons, beading or other features came from." To encourage labels to be transparent about their supply chains, Fashion Revolution has been promoting the hashtag #whomademyclothes?, asking users to tag brands in selfies with clothing tags visible. 事实： 你的衣服可能在该国进行缝合，但标签却无法透露参与制作衣服的复杂劳动链。时尚革命组织的报告《如何进行时尚革命》中写道：“你的衣服标签不会告诉你原料所用棉花是在世界的哪个地方种植的，纤维是在哪里被纺成纱线的，纱线是在哪里织成面料的，以及面料是在哪里染色或印花的。它不会告诉你纱线、染料、拉链、纽扣、珠饰或其他装饰物来自哪里。”为了鼓励在标签上让供应链透明化，时尚革命组织一直在宣传#谁做了我的衣服？这一话题标签，请用户在自拍上晒出衣服标签并标注出衣服品牌。 英文来源：美国有线电视新闻网 翻译&编辑：丹妮

Photo by Becca McHaffie on Unsplash MYTH: Brands that promote sustainability are sustainable TRUTH: "Sustainability" and other greenwashing buzzwords can be misused to attract consumers eager to reduce their environmental impact on the planet. Fashion search engine Lyst reported in 2019 that it saw a 75% increase in sustainable-related search terms compared with the previous year. "Objective criteria for rating sustainable fashion are missing," McKinsey's Saskia Hedrich told CNN. MYTH: Most clothes can be recycled TRUTH: Clothing can be difficult to recycle, in part because of how it's made. For one, many fabrics are made from blends (of cotton and polyester, for instance), which must be separated if the material is to be turned into a new garment. In the US, less than 14% of clothing and shoes thrown away end up being recycled. But "recycling" is also a broad term that can be broken down into "downcycling" and "upcycling," and the difference matters. Downcycled garments often wind up as fibers used for home insulation or carpets. In Europe, less than 1% of collected clothing is actually recycled into new garments, according to Circle Economy. MYTH: It's not worth it to repair cheap clothes. TRUTH: Mending a fast fashion item may mean spending what you paid for it, but keeping the same clothes in rotation is the best thing you can do to reduce your carbon footprint. You can also learn how to carry out small repairs at home to keep costs down, including replacing buttons, fixing broken zippers, resewing loose seams and hemming pants. MYTH: Your online returns are resold to other customers TRUTH: Your returns may end up incinerated or in landfills. It's often cheaper for companies to dispose of returns than to inspect and repackage them, and labels may be unwilling to donate the items for fear of cheapening their brand or damaging their exclusivity. A CBC report in 2019 highlighted this practice, pointing out that the volume of online returns has also increased by 95% over the past five years. MYTH: Your clothes are from the country listed on the tag TRUTH: Your clothes may be assembled in that country, but the tag can't reveal the complex chain of labor that went into making them. "Your label won't tell you where in the world the cotton was farmed, where the fiber was spun into a yarn, where the yarn was woven into a fabric (or) where it was dyed and printed," states Fashion Revolution's report, "How to Be a Fashion Revolutionary." "It won't tell you where the thread, dyes, zips, buttons, beading or other features came from." To encourage labels to be transparent about their supply chains, Fashion Revolution has been promoting the hashtag #whomademyclothes?, asking users to tag brands in selfies with clothing tags visible.

关于可持续时尚，社会各界一直有很多不同的声音。有人认为，购买打着环保旗号的品牌服装有助于保护环境，还有人认为，购买奢侈品牌而不买快时尚品牌的衣服可以防止工人被压榨。这些都是广为流传的误解。真相到底是什么呢？ 关于可持续时尚最常见的9个误解（上） 误解五：打着可持续旗号的品牌就是可持续的 事实： “可持续”和其他“漂绿”的流行词可能被误用于吸引那些迫切想减少对地球环境影响的顾客。时尚搜索引擎Lyst去年报告称，2019年可持续相关的搜索词条相比前一年增加了75%。麦肯锡咨询公司的萨斯基亚·海德里希告诉美国有线电视新闻网说：“可持续时尚的客观评价标准缺失了。” 误解六：大多数衣服都可以被回收 事实： 衣服回收起来可能会很难，一部分是因为衣服的制作方法。首先，许多面料都是棉涤或其他材质混纺，如果要用这些面料重新做成新衣就必须把各种材质分开。在美国，被扔掉的衣服鞋子最后只有不到14%被回收。但是“回收”从广义上可以被分为“下游循环”和“上游循环”，而两者的区别很重要。下游循环的衣服通常会成为用于家庭隔热材料或地毯的纤维。循环经济组织称，在欧洲，不到1%的收集到的衣服真的被回收并制成新衣服。 误解七：修补便宜衣服不值当 事实： 修补一件快时尚衣服也许意味着修补花的钱和买衣服花的钱一样多，但是循环使用同一件衣服是减少碳足迹的最佳方法。你也可以学习如何在家小修小补以节省成本，包括换纽扣、修拉链、缝合开线处和给裤子卷边。 误解八：你网购退回的衣服又被卖给其他顾客 事实： 你退回的衣服可能最后被焚烧或扔进了垃圾填埋场。公司检查和重新包装退回的衣服所花的费用通常比直接处理掉更高。品牌商也可能因担心拉低品牌价值或破坏独特性而不愿捐掉退回的衣服。加拿大广播公司2019年的一份报告凸显了这种行为，并指出网购退货量在过去五年增加了95%。 误解九：你的衣服来自标签上印的生产国 事实： 你的衣服可能在该国进行缝合，但标签却无法透露参与制作衣服的复杂劳动链。时尚革命组织的报告《如何进行时尚革命》中写道：“你的衣服标签不会告诉你原料所用棉花是在世界的哪个地方种植的，纤维是在哪里被纺成纱线的，纱线是在哪里织成面料的，以及面料是在哪里染色或印花的。它不会告诉你纱线、染料、拉链、纽扣、珠饰或其他装饰物来自哪里。”为了鼓励在标签上让供应链透明化，时尚革命组织一直在宣传#谁做了我的衣服？这一话题标签，请用户在自拍上晒出衣服标签并标注出衣服品牌。 英文来源：美国有线电视新闻网 翻译&编辑：丹妮

根据约翰斯·霍普金斯大学的最新统计数据，全球新冠肺炎死亡病例已超过100万例。而世界卫生组织官员9月28日表示，新冠肺炎疫情造成的官方死亡人数，可能低于真实数字。 People wear face masks after the southern Italian region of Campania made it mandatory to wear protective face coverings outdoors 24 hours a day, as part of the efforts to contain the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak, in Naples, Italy, Sept 25, 2020. [Photo/Agencies] The number of people worldwide who have died with Covid-19 has passed one million, researchers say, with many regions still reporting surging numbers of new infections. 研究人员说，全球新冠肺炎死亡病例已超过100万例，许多地区报告的新增感染病例数量仍在激增。 The tally by Johns Hopkins University shows that deaths in the US, Brazil and India make up nearly half that total. 约翰斯·霍普金斯大学的统计显示，美国、巴西和印度的死亡病例数占总数的近一半。 Experts caution that the true figure is probably much higher. 专家警告说，真实的数字很可能要高得多。 UN Secretary-General António Guterres called it a "mind-numbing" figure and "an agonising milestone". 联合国秘书长安东尼奥·古特雷斯称其为“令人麻木的”数字和“令人痛苦的里程碑”。 "Yet we must never lose sight of each and every individual life," he said in a video message. “但我们绝不能忽视每一个人的生命，”他在视频中说。 "They were fathers and mothers, wives and husbands, brothers and sisters, friends and colleagues. The pain has been multiplied by the savageness of this disease." “他们是父母、夫妻、兄弟姐妹、朋友和同事。这种疾病的肆虐加剧了痛苦。” savageness['sævidʒnis]：n.天然；野蛮；残忍 The pandemic has since spread to 188 countries with more than 32 million confirmed cases. Lockdowns and other measures to try to stop the virus spreading have thrown many economies into recession. 新冠肺炎已蔓延到188个国家，确诊病例超过3200万例。为阻止病毒传播而采取的封锁和其他措施已使许多经济体陷入衰退。 Meanwhile, efforts to develop an effective vaccine are continuing - although the World Health Organization (WHO) has warned that the death toll could hit two million before one is widely available. 与此同时，研究人员仍在努力研发有效的疫苗，不过，世卫组织警告说，在有效的疫苗广泛接种之前，死亡病例数可能会达到200万。 The US has the world's highest death toll with about 205,000 fatalities followed by Brazil on 141,700 and India with 95,500 deaths. 美国的死亡病例数为全球最高，大约为20.5万例，其次是巴西（14.17万例）和印度（9.55万例）。 People enjoy the start of the spring amid the outbreak of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), in Buenos Aires, Argentina Sept 21, 2020. [Photo/Agencies] 新冠肺炎在哪里传播最快？ The US has recorded more than seven million cases - more than a fifth of the world's total. After a second wave of cases in July, numbers dropped in August but appear to be on the rise again now. 美国确诊病例数已达700多万例，超过全球总数的五分之一。在7月份出现第二波疫情后，8月份新增病例数有所下降，但现在似乎又开始上升。 The coronavirus has been spreading fast in India, with the country recording about 90,000 cases a day earlier in September. 新冠病毒在印度迅速传播，9月初印度每天新增病例数大约有9万例。 Confirmed infections in India have reached six million - the second-highest after the US. However, given the size of its population India has seen a relatively low death rate. 印度确诊的感染病例数已经达到600万例，仅次于美国。然而，考虑到印度的人口规模，其死亡率相对较低。 Brazil has the highest number of deaths in Latin America and has recorded more than 4.7 million cases, the third highest in the world. 巴西是拉丁美洲死亡病例数最多的国家，确诊病例数超过470万例，居世界第三。 Elsewhere in the region, newly confirmed infections are also rising quickly in Argentina, which now has more than 700,000 cases. 在拉丁美洲的其他地方，阿根廷新增确诊病例数也在迅速增加，目前该国确诊病例超过70万例。 Because of differences in how countries record cases and deaths - and the sporadic rates of testing in some regions - the true numbers of coronavirus cases and deaths is believed to be higher than reported, experts say. 专家说，由于各国记录病例数和死亡人数的方式不同，以及一些地区的零星检测率不同，真实的确诊病例数和死亡病例数要更高。 A vial with potential vaccine for the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is pictured at the Imperial College London, London, Britain, in this June 10, 2020 file photo. 疫苗的研制进展如何？ Globally there are about 240 potential vaccines in early development, with 40 in clinical trials and nine in the final stage of testing on thousands of people. Vaccine development normally takes years but because of the global emergency, scientists are working at breakneck speed. 全球大约有240种潜在疫苗正处于早期研发阶段，其中40种进入临床试验，9种处于对数千人进行测试的最后阶段。疫苗的研发通常需要数年时间，但由于全球紧急情况，科学家正全力以赴。 breakneck [ˈbreɪknek]：adj.极快的 One being developed by the University of Oxford - already in an advanced stage of testing - has shown it can trigger an immune response. 牛津大学正在研发的一种疫苗已进入测试的高级阶段，结果显示这种疫苗可以引发免疫反应。 In China, a potential vaccine has been shown to produce protective antibodies. 在中国，一种潜在的疫苗已被证明可以产生保护性抗体。 Meanwhile in Russia, scientists say early tests on a vaccine called Sputnik-V show signs of an immune response. 与此同时，俄罗斯科学家称，对一种名为Sputnik-V的疫苗早期测试显示，这种疫苗可以产生免疫反应。 In a report earlier this month, they said that every participant in trials developed antibodies to fight the virus and suffered no serious side effects. 他们在本月早些时候的一份报告中说，每位受试者都产生了新冠病毒抗体，没有出现严重的副作用。 Russia licensed the vaccine for local use in August - the first country to do so. There was concern at the speed of the process and some experts said the early trials had been too small to prove effectiveness and safety. 俄罗斯于8月批准该疫苗在当地使用，成为全球首个批准的国家。人们对疫苗获批的速度之快感到担忧，一些专家表示，早期的试验规模太小，无法证明其有效性和安全性。 In the US, President Donald Trump has said Americans should be able to access a vaccine as early as October although the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says a vaccine is unlikely to be widely available before mid-2021. 在美国，特朗普总统表示，美国人最早可以在10月份接种疫苗，而美国疾病控制和预防中心表示，不太可能在2021年年中之前实现疫苗普遍接种。 The WHO has said it does not expect to see widespread vaccinations against Covid-19 until the middle of 2021. 世卫组织表示，预计到2021年中期才会出现大规模的新冠疫苗接种。 【全球疫情数据】 据美国约翰斯·霍普金斯大学发布的新冠疫情最新统计数据显示，截至北京时间9月29日8时23分，全球新冠死亡人数超100万人，达1000555人。 数据显示，美国仍是全球新冠死亡人数最多的国家，超20.5万人。其次是巴西超14万人死亡，印度逾9.5万人死亡。 此外，全球新冠确诊病例已超3327万例，其中美国确诊超714万例。 英文来源：BBC 翻译&编辑：yaning

People wear face masks after the southern Italian region of Campania made it mandatory to wear protective face coverings outdoors 24 hours a day, as part of the efforts to contain the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak, in Naples, Italy, Sept 25, 2020. [Photo/Agencies] The number of people worldwide who have died with Covid-19 has passed one million, researchers say, with many regions still reporting surging numbers of new infections. The tally by Johns Hopkins University shows that deaths in the US, Brazil and India make up nearly half that total. Experts caution that the true figure is probably much higher. "Yet we must never lose sight of each and every individual life," he said in a video message. "They were fathers and mothers, wives and husbands, brothers and sisters, friends and colleagues. The pain has been multiplied by the savageness of this disease." The pandemic has since spread to 188 countries with more than 32 million confirmed cases. Lockdowns and other measures to try to stop the virus spreading have thrown many economies into recession. Meanwhile, efforts to develop an effective vaccine are continuing - although the World Health Organization (WHO) has warned that the death toll could hit two million before one is widely available. The US has the world's highest death toll with about 205,000 fatalities followed by Brazil on 141,700 and India with 95,500 deaths. People enjoy the start of the spring amid the outbreak of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), in Buenos Aires, Argentina Sept 21, 2020. [Photo/Agencies] The US has recorded more than seven million cases - more than a fifth of the world's total. After a second wave of cases in July, numbers dropped in August but appear to be on the rise again now. The coronavirus has been spreading fast in India, with the country recording about 90,000 cases a day earlier in September. Confirmed infections in India have reached six million - the second-highest after the US. However, given the size of its population India has seen a relatively low death rate. Brazil has the highest number of deaths in Latin America and has recorded more than 4.7 million cases, the third highest in the world. Elsewhere in the region, newly confirmed infections are also rising quickly in Argentina, which now has more than 700,000 cases. Because of differences in how countries record cases and deaths - and the sporadic rates of testing in some regions - the true numbers of coronavirus cases and deaths is believed to be higher than reported, experts say. A vial with potential vaccine for the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is pictured at the Imperial College London, London, Britain, in this June 10, 2020 file photo. Globally there are about 240 potential vaccines in early development, with 40 in clinical trials and nine in the final stage of testing on thousands of people. Vaccine development normally takes years but because of the global emergency, scientists are working at breakneck speed. One being developed by the University of Oxford - already in an advanced stage of testing - has shown it can trigger an immune response. In China, a potential vaccine has been shown to produce protective antibodies. Meanwhile in Russia, scientists say early tests on a vaccine called Sputnik-V show signs of an immune response. In a report earlier this month, they said that every participant in trials developed antibodies to fight the virus and suffered no serious side effects. Russia licensed the vaccine for local use in August - the first country to do so. There was concern at the speed of the process and some experts said the early trials had been too small to prove effectiveness and safety. In the US, President Donald Trump has said Americans should be able to access a vaccine as early as October although the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says a vaccine is unlikely to be widely available before mid-2021. The WHO has said it does not expect to see widespread vaccinations against Covid-19 until the middle of 2021.

根据约翰斯·霍普金斯大学的最新统计数据，全球新冠肺炎死亡病例已超过100万例。而世界卫生组织官员9月28日表示，新冠肺炎疫情造成的官方死亡人数，可能低于真实数字。 研究人员说，全球新冠肺炎死亡病例已超过100万例，许多地区报告的新增感染病例数量仍在激增。 约翰斯·霍普金斯大学的统计显示，美国、巴西和印度的死亡病例数占总数的近一半。 专家警告说，真实的数字很可能要高得多。 UN Secretary-General António Guterres called it a "mind-numbing" figure and "an agonising milestone". 联合国秘书长安东尼奥·古特雷斯称其为“令人麻木的”数字和“令人痛苦的里程碑”。 “但我们绝不能忽视每一个人的生命，”他在视频中说。 “他们是父母、夫妻、兄弟姐妹、朋友和同事。这种疾病的肆虐加剧了痛苦。” savageness['sævidʒnis]：n.天然；野蛮；残忍 新冠肺炎已蔓延到188个国家，确诊病例超过3200万例。为阻止病毒传播而采取的封锁和其他措施已使许多经济体陷入衰退。 与此同时，研究人员仍在努力研发有效的疫苗，不过，世卫组织警告说，在有效的疫苗广泛接种之前，死亡病例数可能会达到200万。 美国的死亡病例数为全球最高，大约为20.5万例，其次是巴西（14.17万例）和印度（9.55万例）。 新冠肺炎在哪里传播最快？ 美国确诊病例数已达700多万例，超过全球总数的五分之一。在7月份出现第二波疫情后，8月份新增病例数有所下降，但现在似乎又开始上升。 新冠病毒在印度迅速传播，9月初印度每天新增病例数大约有9万例。 印度确诊的感染病例数已经达到600万例，仅次于美国。然而，考虑到印度的人口规模，其死亡率相对较低。 巴西是拉丁美洲死亡病例数最多的国家，确诊病例数超过470万例，居世界第三。 在拉丁美洲的其他地方，阿根廷新增确诊病例数也在迅速增加，目前该国确诊病例超过70万例。 专家说，由于各国记录病例数和死亡人数的方式不同，以及一些地区的零星检测率不同，真实的确诊病例数和死亡病例数要更高。 疫苗的研制进展如何？ 全球大约有240种潜在疫苗正处于早期研发阶段，其中40种进入临床试验，9种处于对数千人进行测试的最后阶段。疫苗的研发通常需要数年时间，但由于全球紧急情况，科学家正全力以赴。 breakneck [ˈbreɪknek]：adj.极快的 牛津大学正在研发的一种疫苗已进入测试的高级阶段，结果显示这种疫苗可以引发免疫反应。 在中国，一种潜在的疫苗已被证明可以产生保护性抗体。 与此同时，俄罗斯科学家称，对一种名为Sputnik-V的疫苗早期测试显示，这种疫苗可以产生免疫反应。 他们在本月早些时候的一份报告中说，每位受试者都产生了新冠病毒抗体，没有出现严重的副作用。 俄罗斯于8月批准该疫苗在当地使用，成为全球首个批准的国家。人们对疫苗获批的速度之快感到担忧，一些专家表示，早期的试验规模太小，无法证明其有效性和安全性。 在美国，特朗普总统表示，美国人最早可以在10月份接种疫苗，而美国疾病控制和预防中心表示，不太可能在2021年年中之前实现疫苗普遍接种。 世卫组织表示，预计到2021年中期才会出现大规模的新冠疫苗接种。 【全球疫情数据】 据美国约翰斯·霍普金斯大学发布的新冠疫情最新统计数据显示，截至北京时间9月29日8时23分，全球新冠死亡人数超100万人，达1000555人。 数据显示，美国仍是全球新冠死亡人数最多的国家，超20.5万人。其次是巴西超14万人死亡，印度逾9.5万人死亡。 此外，全球新冠确诊病例已超3327万例，其中美国确诊超714万例。 英文来源：BBC 翻译&编辑：yaning

5月18日上午，备受关注的国家金融监督管理总局正式揭牌。继2018年中国银保监会组建之后，金融监管格局又迎来重大调整，这是深化金融监管体制改革、加强和完善现代金融监管、促进实现金融监管全覆盖的重大举措。 The National Administration of Financial Regulation is officially unveiled in Beijing on Thursday. [Photo by BAI JIKAI/FOR CHINA DAILY] The National Administration of Financial Regulation, China's new financial regulator, was officially unveiled on Thursday. 5月18日，国家金融监督管理总局正式挂牌。 The formation of the NAFR marks an important step for China, which is seeking to further strengthen and improve its financial supervision through an institutional reform, experts said. 专家表示，国家金融监督管理总局的成立标志着中国迈出了重要的一步，中国正寻求通过机构改革进一步加强和改善其金融监管。 The NAFR will comprehensively strengthen institutional regulation, behavioral supervision, functional regulation, penetrating supervision and continuous regulation. 国家金融监督管理总局将全面强化机构监管、行为监管、功能监管、穿透式监管、持续监管。 It will also provide strong support and protection for establishing China's new development pattern and promoting high-quality development, said Li Yunze, Party secretary of the administration. 国家金融监督管理总局党委书记李云泽表示，这也将为构建新发展格局，推动高质量发展提供有力支撑和坚强保障。 The NAFR must comprehensively implement the three major tasks of serving the real economy, preventing and controlling financial risks, and deepening financial reforms. It should legally bring all kinds of financial activities under regulation, strive to eliminate regulatory gaps and blind spots, vigorously promote regulatory coordination among central and local governments, and firmly hold the bottom line of no systemic financial risks, Li said at the unveiling ceremony of the NAFR in Beijing on Thursday. 5月18日，李云泽在北京举行的国家金融监督管理总局揭牌仪式上表示，要全面落实服务实体经济、管控金融风险、深化金融改革三大任务，依法将各类金融活动全部纳入监管，努力消除监管空白和盲区，大力推进央地监管协同，牢牢守住不发生系统性金融风险底线。 Vice-Premier He Lifeng, who is also a member of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China Central Committee, attended the ceremony and unveiled the nameplate of the administration. 中共中央政治局委员、国务院副总理何立峰出席仪式并揭牌。 The NAFR, which will function directly under the State Council, China's Cabinet, is formed on the basis of the former China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission. The establishment of the new regulator is expected to strengthen and improve the country's financial regulation, and tackle some of the long-standing and prominent problems in the financial sector, Xinhua News Agency reported. 国家金融监督管理总局在原中国银行保险监督管理委员会的基础上组建，直接隶属于国务院。据新华社报道，国家金融监督管理总局的成立有望加强和完善现代化金融监管，解决金融领域长期存在的突出矛盾和问题。 The new administration is in charge of regulating the financial industry except the securities sector. It will take over certain functions of the People's Bank of China, the country's central bank, and the China Securities Regulatory Commission. 国家金融监督管理总局负责监管除证券以外的金融行业。它将接管中国人民银行和中国证券监督管理委员会的部分职能。 Zeng Gang, director of the Shanghai Institution for Finance &Development, said the main goal of the institutional reform for financial supervision is to achieve comprehensive regulation of various financial activities, improve the quality and effectiveness of financial regulation, effectively prevent and resolve financial risks, and firmly guard against systemic risks. 上海金融与发展实验室主任曾刚表示，金融监管机构改革的主要目标是实现对各种金融活动的综合监管，提高金融监管的质量和有效性，有效防范和化解金融风险，坚决防范系统性风险。 One of the specific reform measures is establishing the NAFR, which can better coordinate the relationship between mixed-ownership operation and segmented regulation, as well as behavioral regulation, entity supervision, functional regulation and prudential regulation, Zeng said. 曾刚表示，成立国家金融监督管理总局是具体改革措施之一，设立国家金融监督管理总局可以更好地协调混业经营与与分业监管的关系，协调处理好行为监管、主体监管、功能监管和审慎监管。 Wang Jiaqiang, a senior researcher at the BOC Research Institute, said the functions and responsibilities of the NAFR are further expanded and strengthened, including unified supervision of financial industries beyond the securities industry and the overall responsibility of protecting the rights and interests of financial consumers. 中国银行研究院资深研究员王家强表示，国家金融监督管理总局的职能和职责将进一步扩大和加强，包括对证券业以外的金融行业进行统一监管，以及全面负责保护金融消费者的权益。 "The reform measures will enhance the coverage and penetrability of financial regulation, address long-standing issues such as regulatory gaps, regulatory overlaps and regulatory arbitrage in the financial sector, and promote unified and standardized financial products and services," Wang said. 他说：“这些改革措施将增强金融监管的覆盖面和渗透性，解决金融领域监管空白、监管重叠、监管套利等长期存在的问题，促进金融产品和服务的统一和标准化。” The reform will help China strengthen financial risk management, prevention and disposal, crack down on violations of laws and regulations, and improve the quality and effectiveness of financial regulation, he said. 他说，这项改革将有助于中国加强金融风险管理、防范和处置，打击违法违规行为，提高金融监管的质量和有效性。 "Financial regulation has entered a new stage of strong supervision. The banking industry's operational development faces stronger regulatory constraints but also expects a more stable financial environment," he said. 他说：“金融监管进入了强监管的新阶段。银行业的运营发展面临着更严格的监管约束，但金融环境也将日趋稳定。” 来源：中国日报 编辑：yaning

The National Administration of Financial Regulation is officially unveiled in Beijing on Thursday. [Photo by BAI JIKAI/FOR CHINA DAILY] The National Administration of Financial Regulation, China's new financial regulator, was officially unveiled on Thursday. The formation of the NAFR marks an important step for China, which is seeking to further strengthen and improve its financial supervision through an institutional reform, experts said. The NAFR will comprehensively strengthen institutional regulation, behavioral supervision, functional regulation, penetrating supervision and continuous regulation. It will also provide strong support and protection for establishing China's new development pattern and promoting high-quality development, said Li Yunze, Party secretary of the administration. The NAFR must comprehensively implement the three major tasks of serving the real economy, preventing and controlling financial risks, and deepening financial reforms. It should legally bring all kinds of financial activities under regulation, strive to eliminate regulatory gaps and blind spots, vigorously promote regulatory coordination among central and local governments, and firmly hold the bottom line of no systemic financial risks, Li said at the unveiling ceremony of the NAFR in Beijing on Thursday. Vice-Premier He Lifeng, who is also a member of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China Central Committee, attended the ceremony and unveiled the nameplate of the administration. The NAFR, which will function directly under the State Council, China's Cabinet, is formed on the basis of the former China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission. The establishment of the new regulator is expected to strengthen and improve the country's financial regulation, and tackle some of the long-standing and prominent problems in the financial sector, Xinhua News Agency reported. The new administration is in charge of regulating the financial industry except the securities sector. It will take over certain functions of the People's Bank of China, the country's central bank, and the China Securities Regulatory Commission. Zeng Gang, director of the Shanghai Institution for Finance &Development, said the main goal of the institutional reform for financial supervision is to achieve comprehensive regulation of various financial activities, improve the quality and effectiveness of financial regulation, effectively prevent and resolve financial risks, and firmly guard against systemic risks. One of the specific reform measures is establishing the NAFR, which can better coordinate the relationship between mixed-ownership operation and segmented regulation, as well as behavioral regulation, entity supervision, functional regulation and prudential regulation, Zeng said. Wang Jiaqiang, a senior researcher at the BOC Research Institute, said the functions and responsibilities of the NAFR are further expanded and strengthened, including unified supervision of financial industries beyond the securities industry and the overall responsibility of protecting the rights and interests of financial consumers. "The reform measures will enhance the coverage and penetrability of financial regulation, address long-standing issues such as regulatory gaps, regulatory overlaps and regulatory arbitrage in the financial sector, and promote unified and standardized financial products and services," Wang said. The reform will help China strengthen financial risk management, prevention and disposal, crack down on violations of laws and regulations, and improve the quality and effectiveness of financial regulation, he said. "Financial regulation has entered a new stage of strong supervision. The banking industry's operational development faces stronger regulatory constraints but also expects a more stable financial environment," he said.

5月18日上午，备受关注的国家金融监督管理总局正式揭牌。继2018年中国银保监会组建之后，金融监管格局又迎来重大调整，这是深化金融监管体制改革、加强和完善现代金融监管、促进实现金融监管全覆盖的重大举措。 5月18日，国家金融监督管理总局正式挂牌。 专家表示，国家金融监督管理总局的成立标志着中国迈出了重要的一步，中国正寻求通过机构改革进一步加强和改善其金融监管。 国家金融监督管理总局将全面强化机构监管、行为监管、功能监管、穿透式监管、持续监管。 国家金融监督管理总局党委书记李云泽表示，这也将为构建新发展格局，推动高质量发展提供有力支撑和坚强保障。 5月18日，李云泽在北京举行的国家金融监督管理总局揭牌仪式上表示，要全面落实服务实体经济、管控金融风险、深化金融改革三大任务，依法将各类金融活动全部纳入监管，努力消除监管空白和盲区，大力推进央地监管协同，牢牢守住不发生系统性金融风险底线。 中共中央政治局委员、国务院副总理何立峰出席仪式并揭牌。 国家金融监督管理总局在原中国银行保险监督管理委员会的基础上组建，直接隶属于国务院。据新华社报道，国家金融监督管理总局的成立有望加强和完善现代化金融监管，解决金融领域长期存在的突出矛盾和问题。 国家金融监督管理总局负责监管除证券以外的金融行业。它将接管中国人民银行和中国证券监督管理委员会的部分职能。 上海金融与发展实验室主任曾刚表示，金融监管机构改革的主要目标是实现对各种金融活动的综合监管，提高金融监管的质量和有效性，有效防范和化解金融风险，坚决防范系统性风险。 曾刚表示，成立国家金融监督管理总局是具体改革措施之一，设立国家金融监督管理总局可以更好地协调混业经营与与分业监管的关系，协调处理好行为监管、主体监管、功能监管和审慎监管。 中国银行研究院资深研究员王家强表示，国家金融监督管理总局的职能和职责将进一步扩大和加强，包括对证券业以外的金融行业进行统一监管，以及全面负责保护金融消费者的权益。 他说：“这些改革措施将增强金融监管的覆盖面和渗透性，解决金融领域监管空白、监管重叠、监管套利等长期存在的问题，促进金融产品和服务的统一和标准化。” 他说，这项改革将有助于中国加强金融风险管理、防范和处置，打击违法违规行为，提高金融监管的质量和有效性。 他说：“金融监管进入了强监管的新阶段。银行业的运营发展面临着更严格的监管约束，但金融环境也将日趋稳定。” 来源：中国日报 编辑：yaning

最新发布的多项研究报告显示，我国数字经济整体呈现蓬勃向上发展态势，在国民经济中重要支柱地位更加凸显。2022年我国数字经济规模首次突破50万亿元，同比名义增长10.3%，连续11年高于同期GDP名义增速。 China's digital economy exceeded 50 trillion yuan ($7.15 trillion) for the first time in 2022. [Photo/VCG] In 2022, China's digital economy exceeded 50 trillion yuan ($7.15 trillion) for the first time, as the digital economy is playing an important role in the national economy, Economic Information Daily reported on Thursday, based on a number of newly released researches. 据《经济参考报》5月18日报道，最新发布的多项研究报告显示，我国数字经济在国民经济中重要支柱地位更加凸显，2022年我国数字经济规模首次突破50万亿元。 Digital Economic Development Index 2023 released on May 15 by a market research firm CCID Consulting, showed the index value of China's digital economy reached 202.3 in the fourth quarter of 2022, 1.8 times that of the same period in 2018. 5月15日，市场调研公司赛迪顾问发布的《2023中国数字经济发展指数》显示，2022年第四季度总指数值达到202.3，是2018年第四季度的1.8倍。 Liu Xu, senior analyst of CCID Consulting, said that in the past year, faced with multiple factors beyond expectations, China's Digital Economic Development Index still formed a steady upward trajectory. Indicators such as digital infrastructure, digital industry and digital governance grew at a high rate, while indicators such as digital integration, vitality of the main body and public participation made steady progress. "Overall, the digital economy plays an increasingly prominent role in accelerating economic and social development," she said. 赛迪顾问高级分析师刘旭表示，过去一年面对多重超预期因素影响，中国数字经济发展指数依然形成稳步向上的运行轨迹。其中，数字基础、数字产业、数字治理等指标高位增长，数字融合、主体活力、民众参与等指标稳中有进。“综合数据整体来看，数字经济对经济社会发展‘加速器’作用日益凸显。”她说。 A recently issued research report on China's digital economy development by China Academy of Information and Communications Technology also verified that the digital economy has become an important driver to maintain the country's growth. 中国信通院近日发布的《中国数字经济发展研究报告》也印证了数字经济成为稳增长的重要引擎。 According to the report, China's digital economy reached 50.2 trillion yuan in 2022, nominally up 10.3 percent year-on-year. The growth rate was significantly higher than the GDP nominal growth over the same periods for 11 consecutive years. The proportion of digital economy in GDP was equivalent to that of the secondary industry in the national economy, reaching 41.5 percent. 根据报告，2022年我国数字经济规模达到50.2万亿元，同比名义增长10.3%，已连续11年显著高于同期GDP名义增速，数字经济占GDP比重相当于第二产业占国民经济的比重，达到41.5%。 The total-factor productivity of the digital economy has also increased further. According to the report, the total-factor productivity of the digital economy in 2022 is 1.75, an increase of 0.09 compared to 2012. Both the productivity level and year-on-year growth of the digital economy were significantly higher than the overall production efficiency of the national economy, and played a supporting and driving role in improving the production efficiency of the national economy. 数字经济全要素生产率也进一步提升。报告显示，2022年，我国数字经济全要素生产率为1.75，相较2012年提升了0.09，数字经济生产率水平和同比增幅都显著高于整体国民经济生产效率，对国民经济生产效率提升起到支撑、拉动作用。 China made new breakthroughs in the development of their digital economy in 2022, with a larger scale and a higher proportion, which will continue to escort the steady growth of the national economy, said Yu Xiaohui, head of China Academy of Information and Communications Technology. 中国信通院院长余晓晖说，2022年我国数字经济发展取得新突破，数字经济规模更大、占比更高，持续为国民经济稳增长保驾护航。 英文来源：中国日报网 翻译&编辑：丹妮

China's digital economy exceeded 50 trillion yuan ($7.15 trillion) for the first time in 2022. [Photo/VCG] In 2022, China's digital economy exceeded 50 trillion yuan ($7.15 trillion) for the first time, as the digital economy is playing an important role in the national economy, Economic Information Daily reported on Thursday, based on a number of newly released researches. Digital Economic Development Index 2023 released on May 15 by a market research firm CCID Consulting, showed the index value of China's digital economy reached 202.3 in the fourth quarter of 2022, 1.8 times that of the same period in 2018. Liu Xu, senior analyst of CCID Consulting, said that in the past year, faced with multiple factors beyond expectations, China's Digital Economic Development Index still formed a steady upward trajectory. Indicators such as digital infrastructure, digital industry and digital governance grew at a high rate, while indicators such as digital integration, vitality of the main body and public participation made steady progress. "Overall, the digital economy plays an increasingly prominent role in accelerating economic and social development," she said. A recently issued research report on China's digital economy development by China Academy of Information and Communications Technology also verified that the digital economy has become an important driver to maintain the country's growth. According to the report, China's digital economy reached 50.2 trillion yuan in 2022, nominally up 10.3 percent year-on-year. The growth rate was significantly higher than the GDP nominal growth over the same periods for 11 consecutive years. The proportion of digital economy in GDP was equivalent to that of the secondary industry in the national economy, reaching 41.5 percent. The total-factor productivity of the digital economy has also increased further. According to the report, the total-factor productivity of the digital economy in 2022 is 1.75, an increase of 0.09 compared to 2012. Both the productivity level and year-on-year growth of the digital economy were significantly higher than the overall production efficiency of the national economy, and played a supporting and driving role in improving the production efficiency of the national economy. China made new breakthroughs in the development of their digital economy in 2022, with a larger scale and a higher proportion, which will continue to escort the steady growth of the national economy, said Yu Xiaohui, head of China Academy of Information and Communications Technology.

最新发布的多项研究报告显示，我国数字经济整体呈现蓬勃向上发展态势，在国民经济中重要支柱地位更加凸显。2022年我国数字经济规模首次突破50万亿元，同比名义增长10.3%，连续11年高于同期GDP名义增速。 据《经济参考报》5月18日报道，最新发布的多项研究报告显示，我国数字经济在国民经济中重要支柱地位更加凸显，2022年我国数字经济规模首次突破50万亿元。 5月15日，市场调研公司赛迪顾问发布的《2023中国数字经济发展指数》显示，2022年第四季度总指数值达到202.3，是2018年第四季度的1.8倍。 赛迪顾问高级分析师刘旭表示，过去一年面对多重超预期因素影响，中国数字经济发展指数依然形成稳步向上的运行轨迹。其中，数字基础、数字产业、数字治理等指标高位增长，数字融合、主体活力、民众参与等指标稳中有进。“综合数据整体来看，数字经济对经济社会发展‘加速器’作用日益凸显。”她说。 中国信通院近日发布的《中国数字经济发展研究报告》也印证了数字经济成为稳增长的重要引擎。 根据报告，2022年我国数字经济规模达到50.2万亿元，同比名义增长10.3%，已连续11年显著高于同期GDP名义增速，数字经济占GDP比重相当于第二产业占国民经济的比重，达到41.5%。 数字经济全要素生产率也进一步提升。报告显示，2022年，我国数字经济全要素生产率为1.75，相较2012年提升了0.09，数字经济生产率水平和同比增幅都显著高于整体国民经济生产效率，对国民经济生产效率提升起到支撑、拉动作用。 中国信通院院长余晓晖说，2022年我国数字经济发展取得新突破，数字经济规模更大、占比更高，持续为国民经济稳增长保驾护航。 英文来源：中国日报网 翻译&编辑：丹妮

世界气象组织的年度报告称，在温室污染和厄尔尼诺现象的共同作用下，地球可能在未来五年内首次突破较工业化前水平升高1.5摄氏度的临界点。 Photo/Pexels The world is now likely to breach a key climate threshold for the first time within the next five years, according to the World Meteorological Organization, due to a combination of heat-trapping pollution and a looming El Niño. 世界气象组织称，在温室污染和即将发生的厄尔尼诺现象的共同作用下，地球可能在未来五年内首次突破一个关键的气候临界点。 Global temperatures have soared in recent years as the world continues to burn planet-warming fossil fuels like coal, oil and gas. And that trend shows no sign of slowing. In its annual climate update, the WMO said that between 2023 and 2027, there is now a 66% chance that the planet’s temperature will climb above 1.5 degrees Celsius of warming above pre-industrial levels for at least one year. 由于世界继续燃烧煤炭、石油和天然气等化石燃料，全球气温在近年来大幅上升。而且这一趋势没有变缓的迹象。世界气象组织在其最新的年度气候报告中指出，2023年至2027年间至少有一年有66%的几率全球气温会比工业化前水平升高1.5摄氏度。 As temperatures surge, there is also a 98% likelihood that at least one of the next five years – and the five-year period as a whole – will be the warmest on record for the planet, the WMO reported. 世界气象组织报告称，随着气温上升，未来五年中至少有一年有98%的几率会成为地球史上最热的年份，未来五年也会成为有史以来最热的五年。 Breaching the 1.5-degree threshold may only be temporary, the WMO said, but it would be the clearest signal yet of how quickly climate change is accelerating – hastening sea level rise, more extreme weather and the demise of vital ecosystems. 世界气象组织称，打破1.5度临界点可能只是暂时的，但这是气候变化加速最明确的信号，气候变化会加速海平面上升，导致更多极端天气和重要生态系统的瓦解。 Countries pledged in the Paris Climate Agreement to limit global warming to well below 2 degrees – and preferably to 1.5 degrees – compared to pre-industrial temperatures. Scientists consider 1.5 degrees of warming as a key tipping point, beyond which the chances of extreme flooding, drought, wildfires and food shortages could increase dramatically. 世界各国曾在《巴黎协定》中承诺，将全球变暖限制在比工业化前水平升高2摄氏度以内，最好是限制在1.5摄氏度以内。科学家认为1.5度是一个关键临界点，超过1.5度后特大洪灾、干旱、森林火灾和食物短缺的发生几率都会大增。 The temperature increases are fueled by the rise of planet-heating pollution from burning fossil fuels, as well as the predicted arrival of El Niño, a natural climate phenomenon with a global heating effect. 全球气温上升源于燃烧化石燃料导致的温室污染以及预计会出现的厄尔尼诺现象，这种自然气候现象会导致全球变暖。 The current hottest year on record is 2016, which followed a very strong El Niño event. El Niño tends to ramp up the temperatures the year after it develops, which could put 2024 on track to be the hottest year on record. 当前史上最热年份是2016年，就是伴随强厄尔尼诺现象而来的。厄尔尼诺现象会推高来年的气温，这可能会使2024年成为有史以来最热的年份。 Scientists have long warned that the world needs to stay within 1.5 degrees of warming to avoid catastrophic and potentially irreversible changes. 长久以来科学家一直警告称，全球变暖必须控制在1.5度以内，以避免灾难性和潜在不可逆转的变化。 Warming above this point increases the risk of triggering major tipping points, including the death of coral reefs and the melting of polar ice sheets, which will add to sea level rise, devastating coastal communities. 全球变暖超过1.5度会增加多个重要临界点被触发的风险，包括珊瑚礁死亡和极地冰原融化，这会令海平面升高，给海岸居民带来毁灭性后果。 In the US alone, 13 million people could be forced to relocate because of sea level rise by the end of the century. For many low-lying Pacific Island nations, warming over 1.5 degrees is a threat to their survival. 仅是在美国，就有1300万人口可能会因为本世纪末前海平面上升而被迫搬迁。对许多地势低的太平洋岛国的居民而言，全球变暖超过1.5度将威胁到他们的生存。 Temperature rises also increase the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events including droughts, storms, wildfires and heatwaves. 气温升高还会增加包括干旱、暴风雨、森林火灾和热浪在内的极端天气的频率和强度。 英文来源：美国有线电视新闻网 翻译&编辑：丹妮

Photo/Pexels Global temperatures have soared in recent years as the world continues to burn planet-warming fossil fuels like coal, oil and gas. And that trend shows no sign of slowing. In its annual climate update, the WMO said that between 2023 and 2027, there is now a 66% chance that the planet’s temperature will climb above 1.5 degrees Celsius of warming above pre-industrial levels for at least one year. As temperatures surge, there is also a 98% likelihood that at least one of the next five years – and the five-year period as a whole – will be the warmest on record for the planet, the WMO reported. Breaching the 1.5-degree threshold may only be temporary, the WMO said, but it would be the clearest signal yet of how quickly climate change is accelerating – hastening sea level rise, more extreme weather and the demise of vital ecosystems. Countries pledged in the Paris Climate Agreement to limit global warming to well below 2 degrees – and preferably to 1.5 degrees – compared to pre-industrial temperatures. Scientists consider 1.5 degrees of warming as a key tipping point, beyond which the chances of extreme flooding, drought, wildfires and food shortages could increase dramatically. Scientists have long warned that the world needs to stay within 1.5 degrees of warming to avoid catastrophic and potentially irreversible changes. Warming above this point increases the risk of triggering major tipping points, including the death of coral reefs and the melting of polar ice sheets, which will add to sea level rise, devastating coastal communities. In the US alone, 13 million people could be forced to relocate because of sea level rise by the end of the century. For many low-lying Pacific Island nations, warming over 1.5 degrees is a threat to their survival. Temperature rises also increase the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events including droughts, storms, wildfires and heatwaves.

世界气象组织的年度报告称，在温室污染和厄尔尼诺现象的共同作用下，地球可能在未来五年内首次突破较工业化前水平升高1.5摄氏度的临界点。 The world is now likely to breach a key climate threshold for the first time within the next five years, according to the World Meteorological Organization, due to a combination of heat-trapping pollution and a looming El Niño. 世界气象组织称，在温室污染和即将发生的厄尔尼诺现象的共同作用下，地球可能在未来五年内首次突破一个关键的气候临界点。 由于世界继续燃烧煤炭、石油和天然气等化石燃料，全球气温在近年来大幅上升。而且这一趋势没有变缓的迹象。世界气象组织在其最新的年度气候报告中指出，2023年至2027年间至少有一年有66%的几率全球气温会比工业化前水平升高1.5摄氏度。 世界气象组织报告称，随着气温上升，未来五年中至少有一年有98%的几率会成为地球史上最热的年份，未来五年也会成为有史以来最热的五年。 世界气象组织称，打破1.5度临界点可能只是暂时的，但这是气候变化加速最明确的信号，气候变化会加速海平面上升，导致更多极端天气和重要生态系统的瓦解。 世界各国曾在《巴黎协定》中承诺，将全球变暖限制在比工业化前水平升高2摄氏度以内，最好是限制在1.5摄氏度以内。科学家认为1.5度是一个关键临界点，超过1.5度后特大洪灾、干旱、森林火灾和食物短缺的发生几率都会大增。 The temperature increases are fueled by the rise of planet-heating pollution from burning fossil fuels, as well as the predicted arrival of El Niño, a natural climate phenomenon with a global heating effect. 全球气温上升源于燃烧化石燃料导致的温室污染以及预计会出现的厄尔尼诺现象，这种自然气候现象会导致全球变暖。 The current hottest year on record is 2016, which followed a very strong El Niño event. El Niño tends to ramp up the temperatures the year after it develops, which could put 2024 on track to be the hottest year on record. 当前史上最热年份是2016年，就是伴随强厄尔尼诺现象而来的。厄尔尼诺现象会推高来年的气温，这可能会使2024年成为有史以来最热的年份。 长久以来科学家一直警告称，全球变暖必须控制在1.5度以内，以避免灾难性和潜在不可逆转的变化。 全球变暖超过1.5度会增加多个重要临界点被触发的风险，包括珊瑚礁死亡和极地冰原融化，这会令海平面升高，给海岸居民带来毁灭性后果。 仅是在美国，就有1300万人口可能会因为本世纪末前海平面上升而被迫搬迁。对许多地势低的太平洋岛国的居民而言，全球变暖超过1.5度将威胁到他们的生存。 气温升高还会增加包括干旱、暴风雨、森林火灾和热浪在内的极端天气的频率和强度。 英文来源：美国有线电视新闻网 翻译&编辑：丹妮

专家和企业高管5月17日表示，中国为提振市场信心，巩固其在全球产业、创新和资本链中的地位采取的一系列措施，将促使中国今年成为全球公司最青睐的投资目的地。 China will remain a highly favored investment destination for global companies this year, given its latest policy measures to boost market confidence and efforts to reinforce its position in global industrial, innovation and capital chains, experts and business executives said on Wednesday. 专家和企业高管17日表示，中国为提振市场信心，巩固其在全球产业、创新和资本链中的地位采取的一系列措施，将促使中国今年成为全球公司最青睐的投资目的地。 Despite a slowdown in the growth pace of utilizing foreign direct investment during the first four months of 2023, compared with the first quarter, experts believe that China's efforts to introduce consumption stimulus packages, launch the yearlong "Invest in China" campaign, and create more access to modern service industries will continue to attract FDI amid rising external uncertainties. 尽管较一季度相比，今年前四个月实际使用外资增速有所放缓，但专家认为，在外部不确定性不断增加的情况下，中国推出刺激消费政策、推出为期一年的“投资中国年”招商引资活动以及推进服务业扩大开放将继续吸引外国直接投资。 China's actual use of FDI grew by 2.2 percent year-on-year to 499.46 billion yuan ($71.4 billion) in the first four months of 2023, data from the Ministry of Commerce showed. 商务部数据显示，今年前四个月，中国实际使用外资同比增长2.2%，达到4994.6亿元人民币。 The country saw FDI increase 4.9 percent year-on-year to 408.45 billion yuan in the first quarter of this year. 今年一季度，中国的外国直接投资达到4084.5亿元，同比增长4.9%。 To attract more global capital, over 20 promotional events will take place throughout this year. These will help foreign investors learn more about China's investment policies, business environment and emerging market opportunities, Shu Jueting, a spokeswoman for the Ministry of Commerce, said recently. 为吸引更多的全球资本，今年中国将举办20多场宣讲活动。商务部发言人束珏婷近日表示，这将有助于外国投资者更充分了解中国的投资政策、营商环境和新兴市场机遇。 Multinational corporations have been capitalizing on market opportunities and accelerating their investment efforts in China. Specifically, they have shown considerable interest in high-end consumption and manufacturing, healthcare and green sectors, said Sang Baichuan, dean of the Institute of International Economy at the University of International Business and Economics in Beijing. 跨国公司一直紧抓市场机遇，加快对中国投资步伐。对外经济贸易大学国际经济研究院院长桑百川表示，具体而言，外资对高端消费和制造业、医疗保健和绿色行业表现出了浓厚兴趣。 Among the major sources of FDI, the influx from France jumped 567.3 percent year-on-year during the January-April period, while that from the United Kingdom surged 323.7 percent, that of Japan rose 68.1 percent, and FDI from South Korea increased 30.7 percent, according to the Ministry of Commerce. 商务部数据显示，从来源地看，1月至4月期间，法国、英国、日本、韩国实际对华投资分别增长567.3%、323.7%、68.1%和30.7%。 Chen Yudong, president for China at Robert Bosch GmbH, a German industrial and technology group, said China has enormous potential in the areas of intelligent electrified mobility, smart manufacturing and carbon neutrality, offering many business opportunities to global companies. 博世中国总裁陈玉东表示，中国市场在智能化、电动化移动出行、智能制造、可持续发展等众多领域充满潜力和机遇。 Joerg Wuttke, president of the European Union Chamber of Commerce in China, said China will continue to play an important role, given the size of the Chinese economy and its level of integration with the global economy. 中国欧盟商会主席伍德克表示，中国经济的规模和全球化程度将促使其继续发挥重要作用。 来源：中国日报 编辑：董静

China will remain a highly favored investment destination for global companies this year, given its latest policy measures to boost market confidence and efforts to reinforce its position in global industrial, innovation and capital chains, experts and business executives said on Wednesday. Despite a slowdown in the growth pace of utilizing foreign direct investment during the first four months of 2023, compared with the first quarter, experts believe that China's efforts to introduce consumption stimulus packages, launch the yearlong "Invest in China" campaign, and create more access to modern service industries will continue to attract FDI amid rising external uncertainties. China's actual use of FDI grew by 2.2 percent year-on-year to 499.46 billion yuan ($71.4 billion) in the first four months of 2023, data from the Ministry of Commerce showed. The country saw FDI increase 4.9 percent year-on-year to 408.45 billion yuan in the first quarter of this year. To attract more global capital, over 20 promotional events will take place throughout this year. These will help foreign investors learn more about China's investment policies, business environment and emerging market opportunities, Shu Jueting, a spokeswoman for the Ministry of Commerce, said recently. Multinational corporations have been capitalizing on market opportunities and accelerating their investment efforts in China. Specifically, they have shown considerable interest in high-end consumption and manufacturing, healthcare and green sectors, said Sang Baichuan, dean of the Institute of International Economy at the University of International Business and Economics in Beijing. Among the major sources of FDI, the influx from France jumped 567.3 percent year-on-year during the January-April period, while that from the United Kingdom surged 323.7 percent, that of Japan rose 68.1 percent, and FDI from South Korea increased 30.7 percent, according to the Ministry of Commerce. Chen Yudong, president for China at Robert Bosch GmbH, a German industrial and technology group, said China has enormous potential in the areas of intelligent electrified mobility, smart manufacturing and carbon neutrality, offering many business opportunities to global companies. Joerg Wuttke, president of the European Union Chamber of Commerce in China, said China will continue to play an important role, given the size of the Chinese economy and its level of integration with the global economy.

专家和企业高管5月17日表示，中国为提振市场信心，巩固其在全球产业、创新和资本链中的地位采取的一系列措施，将促使中国今年成为全球公司最青睐的投资目的地。 专家和企业高管17日表示，中国为提振市场信心，巩固其在全球产业、创新和资本链中的地位采取的一系列措施，将促使中国今年成为全球公司最青睐的投资目的地。 尽管较一季度相比，今年前四个月实际使用外资增速有所放缓，但专家认为，在外部不确定性不断增加的情况下，中国推出刺激消费政策、推出为期一年的“投资中国年”招商引资活动以及推进服务业扩大开放将继续吸引外国直接投资。 商务部数据显示，今年前四个月，中国实际使用外资同比增长2.2%，达到4994.6亿元人民币。 今年一季度，中国的外国直接投资达到4084.5亿元，同比增长4.9%。 为吸引更多的全球资本，今年中国将举办20多场宣讲活动。商务部发言人束珏婷近日表示，这将有助于外国投资者更充分了解中国的投资政策、营商环境和新兴市场机遇。 跨国公司一直紧抓市场机遇，加快对中国投资步伐。对外经济贸易大学国际经济研究院院长桑百川表示，具体而言，外资对高端消费和制造业、医疗保健和绿色行业表现出了浓厚兴趣。 商务部数据显示，从来源地看，1月至4月期间，法国、英国、日本、韩国实际对华投资分别增长567.3%、323.7%、68.1%和30.7%。 博世中国总裁陈玉东表示，中国市场在智能化、电动化移动出行、智能制造、可持续发展等众多领域充满潜力和机遇。 中国欧盟商会主席伍德克表示，中国经济的规模和全球化程度将促使其继续发挥重要作用。 来源：中国日报 编辑：董静

新冠疫情让全世界都认识到了呼吸道传染病的可怕，病毒面前，如何才能提高自身防护力？新研究发现，定期进行适量的有氧运动和肌肉强化训练可以降低死于流感和肺炎的风险。 Photo/Pexels It’s time to add to your list of reasons to work out: Getting active could help prevent risk of death from the flu and pneumonia, according to new research. 去健身的理由又多了一个。新研究发现，锻炼有助于降低死于流感和肺炎的风险。 Aerobic and muscle-strengthening activity reduce risk of dying from influenza and pneumonia by 48%, according to a study published Tuesday in the British Journal of Sports Medicine. 5月16日发表在《英国运动医学杂志》上的一项研究发现，从事有氧运动和肌肉强化训练可以使死于流感或肺炎的风险低48%。 Adults should get at least 150 minutes of moderate aerobic physical activity and two or more days of moderate muscle strengthening activities a week, according to the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans issued by the US Department of Health and Human Services. 根据美国卫生与公众服务部发布的美国体育活动指南，成年人每周应该至少进行150分钟中等强度的有氧运动，并保证每周至少有两天进行中等强度的肌肉强化训练。 The study relied on the survey data of more than 570,000 people from the US National Health Interview Survey between 1998 and 2018. People were asked about their physical activity habits, and they were categorized into groups based on how well they met the recommended amount of exercise, according to the study. 研究基于1998年至2018年间涵盖了逾57万人的美国国民健康调查数据。研究称，调查询问了人们的运动习惯，并依据他们的达标程度将其划分为不同组别。 On average, the respondents were monitored for nine years after the initial survey. There were 1,516 deaths from the flu or pneumonia in that time. 初步调查结束后，研究人员对受访者进行了平均长达9年的监测，在这期间有1516人死于流感或肺炎。 Meeting both recommendations for aerobic and muscle-strengthening activity cut the risk associated with flu or pneumonia death nearly in half, but meeting just the aerobic activity target was associated with a 36% lower risk, according to the study. 研究显示，有氧运动和肌肉强化训练均达标的人死于流感或肺炎的风险几乎减半，而仅是有氧运动达标的人这一风险降低了36%。 But even if you can’t reach the recommended amount, some activity can still provide more protection than none, according to the study. 但研究指出，即使你没有达标，运动多少还是可以提供一些防护作用。 Getting 10 to 149 minutes a week of aerobic physical activity was associated with a 21% decreased risk of flu and pneumonia death, the study showed. 研究显示，每周进行10到149分钟的有氧运动可以将死于流感和肺炎的风险降低21%。 That being said, no additional benefit was seen for people who got more than 600 minutes a week of aerobic activity, the study showed. 不过尽管如此，研究也发现，每周有氧运动超过600分钟的人并不会额外受益。 英文来源：美国有线电视新闻网 翻译&编辑：丹妮

Photo/Pexels It’s time to add to your list of reasons to work out: Getting active could help prevent risk of death from the flu and pneumonia, according to new research. Aerobic and muscle-strengthening activity reduce risk of dying from influenza and pneumonia by 48%, according to a study published Tuesday in the British Journal of Sports Medicine. Adults should get at least 150 minutes of moderate aerobic physical activity and two or more days of moderate muscle strengthening activities a week, according to the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans issued by the US Department of Health and Human Services. The study relied on the survey data of more than 570,000 people from the US National Health Interview Survey between 1998 and 2018. People were asked about their physical activity habits, and they were categorized into groups based on how well they met the recommended amount of exercise, according to the study. On average, the respondents were monitored for nine years after the initial survey. There were 1,516 deaths from the flu or pneumonia in that time. Meeting both recommendations for aerobic and muscle-strengthening activity cut the risk associated with flu or pneumonia death nearly in half, but meeting just the aerobic activity target was associated with a 36% lower risk, according to the study. But even if you can’t reach the recommended amount, some activity can still provide more protection than none, according to the study. Getting 10 to 149 minutes a week of aerobic physical activity was associated with a 21% decreased risk of flu and pneumonia death, the study showed. That being said, no additional benefit was seen for people who got more than 600 minutes a week of aerobic activity, the study showed.

新冠疫情让全世界都认识到了呼吸道传染病的可怕，病毒面前，如何才能提高自身防护力？新研究发现，定期进行适量的有氧运动和肌肉强化训练可以降低死于流感和肺炎的风险。 去健身的理由又多了一个。新研究发现，锻炼有助于降低死于流感和肺炎的风险。 5月16日发表在《英国运动医学杂志》上的一项研究发现，从事有氧运动和肌肉强化训练可以使死于流感或肺炎的风险低48%。 根据美国卫生与公众服务部发布的美国体育活动指南，成年人每周应该至少进行150分钟中等强度的有氧运动，并保证每周至少有两天进行中等强度的肌肉强化训练。 研究基于1998年至2018年间涵盖了逾57万人的美国国民健康调查数据。研究称，调查询问了人们的运动习惯，并依据他们的达标程度将其划分为不同组别。 初步调查结束后，研究人员对受访者进行了平均长达9年的监测，在这期间有1516人死于流感或肺炎。 研究显示，有氧运动和肌肉强化训练均达标的人死于流感或肺炎的风险几乎减半，而仅是有氧运动达标的人这一风险降低了36%。 但研究指出，即使你没有达标，运动多少还是可以提供一些防护作用。 研究显示，每周进行10到149分钟的有氧运动可以将死于流感和肺炎的风险降低21%。 不过尽管如此，研究也发现，每周有氧运动超过600分钟的人并不会额外受益。 英文来源：美国有线电视新闻网 翻译&编辑：丹妮

近来，美国为维护自身霸权私利、遏制中国发展，加紧在经贸、科技等领域推动对华“脱钩断链”。这种损人不利己的昏招，既背离客观现实，又违逆发展规律，损害了包括中美在内的各国企业利益和民众福祉，是一条注定走不通的死路，暴露了美国政客的自私算计和反智嘴脸。 图片：新华社 The recent U.S. Census Bureau data suggest that the U.S. merchandise trade deficit with China was larger in 2022 than when Donald Trump was president, said an article on the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace website. 美国卡内基国际和平基金会网站刊文称，美国人口调查局最新数据表明，2022年美国对华商品贸易逆差比唐纳德·特朗普总统时期还要大。 Adding that America's overall trade deficit hit an all-time high of 1.18 trillion U.S. dollars, Carnegie noted that this fortifies the view that "tariffs would not reduce U.S. trade deficits and the costs would be paid largely by Americans." 卡内基国际和平基金会称，美国的总体贸易逆差达到1.18万亿美元，创历史新高，并指出这印证了“加征关税不会减少美国贸易逆差，成本将主要由美国人支付”的观点。 Similarly, the Financial Times recently commented on "waging war on trade," describing the current U.S. approach as "a negative-sum game" and stressing that politicizing trade will surely lead to wasteful outcomes. 英国《金融时报》近日就“贸易战”发表评论，将美国当前的做法描述为“负和游戏”，并强调贸易政治化必将得不偿失。 The slowdown in world trade, the article's author Martin Wolf wrote, the shift towards economic nationalism, and the growing demands in the West for decoupling from China "are reshaping the global economy." 文章作者马丁·沃尔夫写道，世界贸易放缓、某些国家诉诸“经济民族主义”，以及西方内部甚嚣尘上的对华“脱钩”言行，正在重创全球经济。 In recent years, the U.S. bullying trading tactics have caused an increase in costs for international companies, a decrease in their competitiveness, and harm the interests of consumers. 近年来，美国肆意挥舞制裁大棒，导致跨国企业成本提高、竞争力下降，消费者利益受损。 Statistics show that the previous U.S. government has implemented over 3,900 sanctions, which is an average of three sanctions per day. The Biden administration has also announced a "Buy American" rule, requiring any goods purchased with taxpayer money to contain 75 percent American-made content. 据统计，美国上届政府累计实施逾3900项制裁措施，相当于平均每天3项。拜登政府延续了特朗普政府的贸易政策，还宣布将联邦政府采购的“美国货”中美国制造零部件的比重提高至75%。 Despite what appears to be a periodic implementation of protectionist and unilateral policies, American firms are reluctant to undertake such a shift, which could undermine their prospects in the global economy, said Rahim Teymoori, a researcher at the Development and Foresight Research Center of the Plan and Budget Organization of Iran. 伊朗计划与预算组织发展和远见研究中心研究员拉希姆·泰穆里表示，美国跨国企业是全球化浪潮的巨大受益者，并不乐见美国政府的保护主义、单边主义做法。 "Although such economic policies would, in the short term, possibly contribute to the U.S. production sector on the back of the government's financial support and protection, they, in the long run, would harm the U.S. companies' competitiveness as they would lose a big integrated market, in which their connections have been formed," he said. “虽然这样的经济政策在短期内可能会在政府财政支持和保护下为美国的生产部门做出贡献，但从长远来看，会损害美国企业的竞争力，导致美企竞争力下降，失去巨大的全球市场。” Domestically, Washington's trade war have caused sweeping losses borne by ordinary people. Worldwide, U.S. protectionist policies can lead to disordered supply chains, severe inflation shocks, and an increase in living costs. 美国发起贸易战，在国内极大损害了普通民众利益。在全球范围内，美国的保护主义政策可能导致供应链混乱、严重的通胀冲击和生活成本的增加。 The United States is not only restricting its companies' overseas economic activities, escalating export controls, and introducing the Chips and Science Act, the Inflation Reduction Act, and the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act to protect its interests, but also coercing other countries into joining the sanctions and forcing others to do things that are not good for themselves, said a Japanese researcher, noting that "this is an act of the mafia." 现在美国不仅限制本国企业的海外经济活动，不断升级出口管制，出台旨在维护美国利益的《2022芯片与科学法案》《通胀削减法案》和《基础设施投资和就业法》，还胁迫别的国家加入制裁队伍、逼别人做于己不利的事。日本佳能全球研究所的研究主任濑口清之说，“这是黑社会行径”。 Kiyoyuki Seguchi, research director at Japan's Canon Institute for Global Studies, said that the U.S. export restrictions on semiconductors have affected companies in Japan, South Korea, the Netherlands and other countries, and even the United States itself. 濑口清之说，美国在半导体领域限制出口，导致日本、韩国、荷兰等国企业也受到冲击，美国企业的日子同样难过。 In Seguchi's opinion, the U.S. adoption of a zero-sum economics policy cannot succeed in the real economic field because "the logic in economic relations is that either win-win or lose-lose, there can be no result where one side wins and the other loses." 在濑口看来，美国搞“零和经济”在现实经济领域不可能成功，因为“经济关系中的逻辑是，要么双赢，要么双输，不可能存在一方赢而另一方输的结果”。 Partly due to U.S. trade protectionism and the spillover effects of previous monetary and fiscal policies, global inflation has risen to a 40-year high and more than 60 percent of low-income developing countries are in debt trouble. 在美国贸易保护主义政策和此前巨量“放水”的货币政策、财政政策外溢效应综合影响下，全球通胀升至40年来高点，超过60%的低收入国家面临债务困境。 来源：新华社 编辑：董静，李蕙帆（实习）

The recent U.S. Census Bureau data suggest that the U.S. merchandise trade deficit with China was larger in 2022 than when Donald Trump was president, said an article on the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace website. Adding that America's overall trade deficit hit an all-time high of 1.18 trillion U.S. dollars, Carnegie noted that this fortifies the view that "tariffs would not reduce U.S. trade deficits and the costs would be paid largely by Americans." Similarly, the Financial Times recently commented on "waging war on trade," describing the current U.S. approach as "a negative-sum game" and stressing that politicizing trade will surely lead to wasteful outcomes. The slowdown in world trade, the article's author Martin Wolf wrote, the shift towards economic nationalism, and the growing demands in the West for decoupling from China "are reshaping the global economy." In recent years, the U.S. bullying trading tactics have caused an increase in costs for international companies, a decrease in their competitiveness, and harm the interests of consumers. Statistics show that the previous U.S. government has implemented over 3,900 sanctions, which is an average of three sanctions per day. The Biden administration has also announced a "Buy American" rule, requiring any goods purchased with taxpayer money to contain 75 percent American-made content. Despite what appears to be a periodic implementation of protectionist and unilateral policies, American firms are reluctant to undertake such a shift, which could undermine their prospects in the global economy, said Rahim Teymoori, a researcher at the Development and Foresight Research Center of the Plan and Budget Organization of Iran. "Although such economic policies would, in the short term, possibly contribute to the U.S. production sector on the back of the government's financial support and protection, they, in the long run, would harm the U.S. companies' competitiveness as they would lose a big integrated market, in which their connections have been formed," he said. Domestically, Washington's trade war have caused sweeping losses borne by ordinary people. Worldwide, U.S. protectionist policies can lead to disordered supply chains, severe inflation shocks, and an increase in living costs. The United States is not only restricting its companies' overseas economic activities, escalating export controls, and introducing the Chips and Science Act, the Inflation Reduction Act, and the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act to protect its interests, but also coercing other countries into joining the sanctions and forcing others to do things that are not good for themselves, said a Japanese researcher, noting that "this is an act of the mafia." Kiyoyuki Seguchi, research director at Japan's Canon Institute for Global Studies, said that the U.S. export restrictions on semiconductors have affected companies in Japan, South Korea, the Netherlands and other countries, and even the United States itself. In Seguchi's opinion, the U.S. adoption of a zero-sum economics policy cannot succeed in the real economic field because "the logic in economic relations is that either win-win or lose-lose, there can be no result where one side wins and the other loses." Partly due to U.S. trade protectionism and the spillover effects of previous monetary and fiscal policies, global inflation has risen to a 40-year high and more than 60 percent of low-income developing countries are in debt trouble.

近来，美国为维护自身霸权私利、遏制中国发展，加紧在经贸、科技等领域推动对华“脱钩断链”。这种损人不利己的昏招，既背离客观现实，又违逆发展规律，损害了包括中美在内的各国企业利益和民众福祉，是一条注定走不通的死路，暴露了美国政客的自私算计和反智嘴脸。 图片：新华社 美国卡内基国际和平基金会网站刊文称，美国人口调查局最新数据表明，2022年美国对华商品贸易逆差比唐纳德·特朗普总统时期还要大。 卡内基国际和平基金会称，美国的总体贸易逆差达到1.18万亿美元，创历史新高，并指出这印证了“加征关税不会减少美国贸易逆差，成本将主要由美国人支付”的观点。 英国《金融时报》近日就“贸易战”发表评论，将美国当前的做法描述为“负和游戏”，并强调贸易政治化必将得不偿失。 文章作者马丁·沃尔夫写道，世界贸易放缓、某些国家诉诸“经济民族主义”，以及西方内部甚嚣尘上的对华“脱钩”言行，正在重创全球经济。 近年来，美国肆意挥舞制裁大棒，导致跨国企业成本提高、竞争力下降，消费者利益受损。 据统计，美国上届政府累计实施逾3900项制裁措施，相当于平均每天3项。拜登政府延续了特朗普政府的贸易政策，还宣布将联邦政府采购的“美国货”中美国制造零部件的比重提高至75%。 伊朗计划与预算组织发展和远见研究中心研究员拉希姆·泰穆里表示，美国跨国企业是全球化浪潮的巨大受益者，并不乐见美国政府的保护主义、单边主义做法。 “虽然这样的经济政策在短期内可能会在政府财政支持和保护下为美国的生产部门做出贡献，但从长远来看，会损害美国企业的竞争力，导致美企竞争力下降，失去巨大的全球市场。” 美国发起贸易战，在国内极大损害了普通民众利益。在全球范围内，美国的保护主义政策可能导致供应链混乱、严重的通胀冲击和生活成本的增加。 现在美国不仅限制本国企业的海外经济活动，不断升级出口管制，出台旨在维护美国利益的《2022芯片与科学法案》《通胀削减法案》和《基础设施投资和就业法》，还胁迫别的国家加入制裁队伍、逼别人做于己不利的事。日本佳能全球研究所的研究主任濑口清之说，“这是黑社会行径”。 濑口清之说，美国在半导体领域限制出口，导致日本、韩国、荷兰等国企业也受到冲击，美国企业的日子同样难过。 在濑口看来，美国搞“零和经济”在现实经济领域不可能成功，因为“经济关系中的逻辑是，要么双赢，要么双输，不可能存在一方赢而另一方输的结果”。 在美国贸易保护主义政策和此前巨量“放水”的货币政策、财政政策外溢效应综合影响下，全球通胀升至40年来高点，超过60%的低收入国家面临债务困境。 来源：新华社 编辑：董静，李蕙帆（实习）

“五一”假期刚刚结束，紧随而来的母亲节让旅游市场又迎来了一个小高峰。许多80后、90后妈妈都选择用本地游和周边游的方式来庆祝节日。各电商平台上鲜花、化妆品、衣服、家电、珠宝、保健品的销量也同比大幅上涨。 Consumers, many of them young mothers born in the 1980s and 1990s, traveled locally or to nearby regions to celebrate Mother's Day. [Photo provided to chinadaily.com.cn] The domestic travel market embraced another peak during the weekend, as many consumers took short trips to celebrate Mother's Day, which fell on Sunday, carrying forward the May Day holiday consumption momentum. 国内旅游市场在上周末又迎来了一个高峰，许多消费者选择短途游来庆祝周日的母亲节，延续了“五一”假期的消费热潮。 Consumers, many of them young mothers born in the 1980s and 1990s, traveled locally or to nearby regions to celebrate the occasion. Over the weekend, women accounted for nearly 60 percent of consumers who traveled, according to Tuniu, an online travel agency based in Nanjing, Jiangsu province. 上周末出游的许多消费者都是上世纪80年代和90年代出生的年轻妈妈，她们选择本地游、周边游的方式来庆祝母亲节。本部在江苏南京的在线旅游服务平台途牛网称，上周末出游的消费者中，女性占了近60%。 "Young mothers made self-driving trips to theme parks, zoos, botanical gardens and beaches along with their children. Beijing WTown, Universal Beijing Resort and Shanghai Disneyland were among popular choices for local consumers," said Qi Chunguang, vice-president of Tuniu. 途牛副总裁齐春光表示，年轻妈妈带着孩子去主题公园、动物园、植物园和海滩自驾游，北京的古北水镇、环球度假区和上海迪士尼乐园也是当地消费者的热门选择。 With the gradual resumption of more international flights and a drop in ticket prices to many overseas destinations, some middle-aged and elderly consumers also opted to travel abroad. Over the weekend, the Maldives, Thailand, New Zealand, Indonesia and Singapore were among preferred outbound destinations for Chinese mainland travelers, according to Tuniu. 随着国际航班的逐步复苏和许多海外旅游地机票价格的下降，一些中老年消费者也在这段时间选择出国游。途牛数据显示，上周末马尔代夫、泰国、新西兰、印尼和新加坡成为最受中国大陆游客欢迎的出境目的地。 Meanwhile, the online retail market benefited as people bought gifts — from flowers, clothes and cosmetics to home appliance and gold jewelry — for their mothers on multiple e-commerce platforms. Flowers such as carnations and Chinese peonies were in high demand, according to data from online retailer Vipshop. 与此同时，线上零售市场也因母亲节而受益，人们在多个电商平台为母亲购买礼物，从鲜花、衣服、化妆品到家电和金饰。在线零售平台唯品会的数据显示，康乃馨、牡丹等鲜花的需求量很大。 Chen Lin, a woman who works with an internet company in Hangzhou, Zhejiang province, bought a set of portable, outdoor table and chairs online for her mother, hoping her family can go camping more often. 供职于浙江杭州的一家网络公司的陈琳（音译）女士为她的母亲网购了一套便携户外桌椅，希望她的家庭可以更多地外出野营。 On e-commerce platform JD, cosmetics, home appliances and jewelry were the top three gift categories. Between April 1 and Mother's Day, spending on household appliances on the platform soared 128 percent year-on-year. 在电商平台京东上，化妆品、家电和珠宝是销量最高的母亲节礼物。4月1日至母亲节期间，京东平台上家用电器的消费金额同比上涨128%。 Transaction values of window-cleaning robots, wall-mounted washing machines and intelligent dryers all rose by more than 100 percent year-on-year, JD found. 京东发现，擦窗机器人、壁挂式洗衣机和智能烘干机的交易额同比均上涨超100%。 According to Vipshop, health product sales recorded a nearly tenfold surge year-on-year during the two weeks leading to Mother's Day, as consumers paid more attention to keeping healthy in post-pandemic times. 唯品会的数据显示，母亲节前两周，保健品的销量同比上涨近十倍，因为疫情过后消费者更关注保健了。 For instance, Yao Hong, an employee of a company, bought a bottle of imported probiotic drink in addition to flowers and a sweater for his mother. 举例来说，公司职员姚鸿（音译）除了送给母亲鲜花和针织衫外，还为母亲购买了一瓶进口益生菌饮料。 Fu Yifu, a senior research fellow at the Star Atlas Institute of Finance, said: "Holiday consumption can help drive economic recovery and growth. The government and retailers may create more consumption scenarios, upgrade consumption experiences and further spur consumer willingness to spend." 星图金融研究院的高级研究员付一夫表示，节假日消费有助于促进经济复苏和增长。政府和零售商可以创造更多消费场景、升级消费体验，进一步刺激消费者的消费欲望。 Developing the night economy to extend the time of spending and launching themed shopping festivals integrated with local cultural elements can be helpful, Fu added. 付一夫还指出，发展夜间经济来延长消费时间，推出与当地文化元素相结合的主题购物节也有助于刺激消费。 英文来源：中国日报网 翻译&编辑：丹妮

Consumers, many of them young mothers born in the 1980s and 1990s, traveled locally or to nearby regions to celebrate Mother's Day. [Photo provided to chinadaily.com.cn] The domestic travel market embraced another peak during the weekend, as many consumers took short trips to celebrate Mother's Day, which fell on Sunday, carrying forward the May Day holiday consumption momentum. Consumers, many of them young mothers born in the 1980s and 1990s, traveled locally or to nearby regions to celebrate the occasion. Over the weekend, women accounted for nearly 60 percent of consumers who traveled, according to Tuniu, an online travel agency based in Nanjing, Jiangsu province. "Young mothers made self-driving trips to theme parks, zoos, botanical gardens and beaches along with their children. Beijing WTown, Universal Beijing Resort and Shanghai Disneyland were among popular choices for local consumers," said Qi Chunguang, vice-president of Tuniu. With the gradual resumption of more international flights and a drop in ticket prices to many overseas destinations, some middle-aged and elderly consumers also opted to travel abroad. Over the weekend, the Maldives, Thailand, New Zealand, Indonesia and Singapore were among preferred outbound destinations for Chinese mainland travelers, according to Tuniu. Meanwhile, the online retail market benefited as people bought gifts — from flowers, clothes and cosmetics to home appliance and gold jewelry — for their mothers on multiple e-commerce platforms. Flowers such as carnations and Chinese peonies were in high demand, according to data from online retailer Vipshop. Chen Lin, a woman who works with an internet company in Hangzhou, Zhejiang province, bought a set of portable, outdoor table and chairs online for her mother, hoping her family can go camping more often. On e-commerce platform JD, cosmetics, home appliances and jewelry were the top three gift categories. Between April 1 and Mother's Day, spending on household appliances on the platform soared 128 percent year-on-year. Transaction values of window-cleaning robots, wall-mounted washing machines and intelligent dryers all rose by more than 100 percent year-on-year, JD found. According to Vipshop, health product sales recorded a nearly tenfold surge year-on-year during the two weeks leading to Mother's Day, as consumers paid more attention to keeping healthy in post-pandemic times. For instance, Yao Hong, an employee of a company, bought a bottle of imported probiotic drink in addition to flowers and a sweater for his mother. Fu Yifu, a senior research fellow at the Star Atlas Institute of Finance, said: "Holiday consumption can help drive economic recovery and growth. The government and retailers may create more consumption scenarios, upgrade consumption experiences and further spur consumer willingness to spend." Developing the night economy to extend the time of spending and launching themed shopping festivals integrated with local cultural elements can be helpful, Fu added.

“五一”假期刚刚结束，紧随而来的母亲节让旅游市场又迎来了一个小高峰。许多80后、90后妈妈都选择用本地游和周边游的方式来庆祝节日。各电商平台上鲜花、化妆品、衣服、家电、珠宝、保健品的销量也同比大幅上涨。 国内旅游市场在上周末又迎来了一个高峰，许多消费者选择短途游来庆祝周日的母亲节，延续了“五一”假期的消费热潮。 上周末出游的许多消费者都是上世纪80年代和90年代出生的年轻妈妈，她们选择本地游、周边游的方式来庆祝母亲节。本部在江苏南京的在线旅游服务平台途牛网称，上周末出游的消费者中，女性占了近60%。 途牛副总裁齐春光表示，年轻妈妈带着孩子去主题公园、动物园、植物园和海滩自驾游，北京的古北水镇、环球度假区和上海迪士尼乐园也是当地消费者的热门选择。 随着国际航班的逐步复苏和许多海外旅游地机票价格的下降，一些中老年消费者也在这段时间选择出国游。途牛数据显示，上周末马尔代夫、泰国、新西兰、印尼和新加坡成为最受中国大陆游客欢迎的出境目的地。 与此同时，线上零售市场也因母亲节而受益，人们在多个电商平台为母亲购买礼物，从鲜花、衣服、化妆品到家电和金饰。在线零售平台唯品会的数据显示，康乃馨、牡丹等鲜花的需求量很大。 供职于浙江杭州的一家网络公司的陈琳（音译）女士为她的母亲网购了一套便携户外桌椅，希望她的家庭可以更多地外出野营。 在电商平台京东上，化妆品、家电和珠宝是销量最高的母亲节礼物。4月1日至母亲节期间，京东平台上家用电器的消费金额同比上涨128%。 京东发现，擦窗机器人、壁挂式洗衣机和智能烘干机的交易额同比均上涨超100%。 唯品会的数据显示，母亲节前两周，保健品的销量同比上涨近十倍，因为疫情过后消费者更关注保健了。 举例来说，公司职员姚鸿（音译）除了送给母亲鲜花和针织衫外，还为母亲购买了一瓶进口益生菌饮料。 星图金融研究院的高级研究员付一夫表示，节假日消费有助于促进经济复苏和增长。政府和零售商可以创造更多消费场景、升级消费体验，进一步刺激消费者的消费欲望。 付一夫还指出，发展夜间经济来延长消费时间，推出与当地文化元素相结合的主题购物节也有助于刺激消费。 英文来源：中国日报网 翻译&编辑：丹妮

据路透社消息，世界卫生组织总干事谭德塞5月11日宣布，猴痘疫情不再构成“国际关注的突发公共卫生事件”。谭德塞表示，得益于各国快速应对，全球在控制猴痘疫情方面取得了稳步进展。过去三个月上报的猴痘病例数比之前三个月减少了近90%。 A sign announcing monkeypox vaccination is setup in Tropical Park by Miami-Dade County and Nomi Health on August 15, 2022 in Miami, Florida. [Photo/Agencies] The World Health Organization (WHO) said on Thursday it was ending a 10-month-long global health emergency for mpox, a viral disease that led to confirmed cases in more than a hundred countries. 世界卫生组织（WHO）11日表示，将宣布猴痘疫情不再构成“国际关注的突发公共卫生事件”，过去10个月全球100多个国家发现猴痘确诊病例。 The organization declared mpox a public health emergency of international concern in July 2022 and backed its stand in November and February. WHO于2022年7月宣布猴痘为国际关注的突发公共卫生事件，并于2022年11月和2023年2月重申其立场。 The WHO's director-general, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, declared the end of the emergency status for the disease based on the recommendation of the organization's emergency committee, which met on Wednesday. WHO总干事谭德塞根据10日召开的世卫组织紧急委员会会议的建议，宣布猴痘疫情不再构成“国际关注的实发公共卫生事件”。 The move signals that the crisis due to mpox, which spreads through direct contact with body fluids and causes flu-like symptoms and pus-filled skin lesions, has come under control. 此举表明，猴痘病毒引发的危机已得到控制。猴痘通过与体液直接接触传播，症状包括流感样症状和脓包皮疹样皮肤病变。 Nicola Low, vice chair of WHO's emergency committee on mpox, said there was a need to move to a strategy for managing the long-term public health risks of mpox than to rely on emergency measures. WHO猴痘应急委员会副主席尼古拉·洛表示，需要制定一项战略来管理猴痘的长期公共卫生风险，而不是依赖应急措施。 The transition would mean including mpox response and preparedness under national disease surveillance programs such as those for HIV and other sexually transmitted infections, Low said. 洛表示，这一转变意味着猴痘的预防和应对措施应像艾滋病和其他性传播传染病一样，被纳入国家疾病监测计划。 Almost 90% fewer mpox cases were reported in the past three months, compared with cases in the same duration before that, the WHO chief said. 世卫组织负责人说，过去三个月报告的猴痘病例较之前三个月减少了近90%。 More than 87,000 mpox cases have been confirmed globally from the beginning of 2022 through May 8 this year, according to the WHO's latest report. 根据世界卫生组织的最新报告，从2022年初到今年5月8日，全球已报告了超过8.7万例猴痘病例。 来源：路透社 编辑：董静

A sign announcing monkeypox vaccination is setup in Tropical Park by Miami-Dade County and Nomi Health on August 15, 2022 in Miami, Florida. [Photo/Agencies] The World Health Organization (WHO) said on Thursday it was ending a 10-month-long global health emergency for mpox, a viral disease that led to confirmed cases in more than a hundred countries. The organization declared mpox a public health emergency of international concern in July 2022 and backed its stand in November and February. The WHO's director-general, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, declared the end of the emergency status for the disease based on the recommendation of the organization's emergency committee, which met on Wednesday. The move signals that the crisis due to mpox, which spreads through direct contact with body fluids and causes flu-like symptoms and pus-filled skin lesions, has come under control. Nicola Low, vice chair of WHO's emergency committee on mpox, said there was a need to move to a strategy for managing the long-term public health risks of mpox than to rely on emergency measures. The transition would mean including mpox response and preparedness under national disease surveillance programs such as those for HIV and other sexually transmitted infections, Low said. Almost 90% fewer mpox cases were reported in the past three months, compared with cases in the same duration before that, the WHO chief said. More than 87,000 mpox cases have been confirmed globally from the beginning of 2022 through May 8 this year, according to the WHO's latest report.

据路透社消息，世界卫生组织总干事谭德塞5月11日宣布，猴痘疫情不再构成“国际关注的突发公共卫生事件”。谭德塞表示，得益于各国快速应对，全球在控制猴痘疫情方面取得了稳步进展。过去三个月上报的猴痘病例数比之前三个月减少了近90%。 世界卫生组织（WHO）11日表示，将宣布猴痘疫情不再构成“国际关注的突发公共卫生事件”，过去10个月全球100多个国家发现猴痘确诊病例。 WHO于2022年7月宣布猴痘为国际关注的突发公共卫生事件，并于2022年11月和2023年2月重申其立场。 WHO总干事谭德塞根据10日召开的世卫组织紧急委员会会议的建议，宣布猴痘疫情不再构成“国际关注的实发公共卫生事件”。 此举表明，猴痘病毒引发的危机已得到控制。猴痘通过与体液直接接触传播，症状包括流感样症状和脓包皮疹样皮肤病变。 WHO猴痘应急委员会副主席尼古拉·洛表示，需要制定一项战略来管理猴痘的长期公共卫生风险，而不是依赖应急措施。 洛表示，这一转变意味着猴痘的预防和应对措施应像艾滋病和其他性传播传染病一样，被纳入国家疾病监测计划。 世卫组织负责人说，过去三个月报告的猴痘病例较之前三个月减少了近90%。 根据世界卫生组织的最新报告，从2022年初到今年5月8日，全球已报告了超过8.7万例猴痘病例。 来源：路透社 编辑：董静

母亲节快到了，比起收到鲜花这样的礼物，你的妈妈可能更愿意听到一些暖心的话。这个母亲节，和你的妈妈好好聊聊天吧。 Photo/Pexels 1. "Thank you." 谢谢您。 No matter how often you're saying this, she could probably stand to hear a few more. She carried you, and grew you in her belly for nine months — all while resisting alcohol and caffeine. That's a sacrifice that warrants endless thank-yous, friends. 无论你说多少次感谢，母亲也愿意听。她怀着你的时候长达9个月的时间都不能沾酒精和咖啡因。这一牺牲就足以让你说无数声感谢。 2. "You're my hero." 您是我的英雄。 Because she is, right? I mean, the main reason you're as awesome as you are is because of her, so she's earned the title. 因为母亲就是英雄。你的出色都是因为她，所以她配得上这一称号。 3. "Remember when I was little and.... ?" 记得我小时候发生的事吗？ Reminisce about a moment when you struggled with something and your mom came to the rescue. It'll be a nice way to remind her how you've always depended on her, and in some ways, probably always will. 回忆一下母亲曾经帮你解决过的困难。这将让她想起过去你是多么依赖她，而且以后在某些方面很可能也会一直依赖她。 4. "I need your advice." 我需要您的建议。 It doesn't matter how old you are — your mom will never tire of giving you her advice. And the more self-sufficient you become, the more she'll appreciate that you came to her at all. Make her feel needed. 无论你多大，你的母亲永远不会厌倦给你建议。你越自立，你向她寻求建议就越让她感到高兴。让她感觉自己被需要。 5. "I'm proud of you." 我为您感到骄傲。 This is not a statement that should only go from parents to kids. It should go both ways! We never stop evolving as humans, so your mom would love to hear that you've noticed the hard work she's put in on a project, and that you think she did a kick-ass job. 这句话不是只能父母对孩子说。孩子也应该对父母说。作为人类，我们一辈子都不断在成长。如果告诉母亲你注意到她对某件事付出的努力，而且认为她做的很棒，她会很开心。 6. "You deserve the best." 您值得拥有最好的。 Say this right before you treat her to a spa day or any kind of bonding activity. Because she does deserve the best. 在你带母亲去泡温泉或一起玩之前说这句话。因为她的确值得拥有最好的。 7. "You are beautiful." 您真美。 Celebrate your mom's beauty by giving her specific compliments. We live in a society that only appreciates beauty of a certain age, which is bonkers because every woman alive — and that includes your mom — is beautiful in their own way, and should be reminded of that on the reg. 你应该具体地称赞母亲的美貌。我们生活的这个社会只欣赏特定年龄的美，这是愚蠢的，因为每个女人，包括你的母亲，都各有各的美，应该有人提醒她们这一点。 8. "I love you." 我爱您。 It doesn't matter if you say it every day, or even if you just said it two seconds ago. Say it again. Because she will never get sick of hearing it. 即使你每天都说这句话，甚至两秒前刚刚说过，你也可以再说一遍。因为这是妈妈永远听不腻的话。 英文来源：Bustle 翻译&编辑：丹妮

Photo/Pexels 1. "Thank you." No matter how often you're saying this, she could probably stand to hear a few more. She carried you, and grew you in her belly for nine months — all while resisting alcohol and caffeine. That's a sacrifice that warrants endless thank-yous, friends. 2. "You're my hero." Because she is, right? I mean, the main reason you're as awesome as you are is because of her, so she's earned the title. 3. "Remember when I was little and.... ?" Reminisce about a moment when you struggled with something and your mom came to the rescue. It'll be a nice way to remind her how you've always depended on her, and in some ways, probably always will. 4. "I need your advice." It doesn't matter how old you are — your mom will never tire of giving you her advice. And the more self-sufficient you become, the more she'll appreciate that you came to her at all. Make her feel needed. 5. "I'm proud of you." This is not a statement that should only go from parents to kids. It should go both ways! We never stop evolving as humans, so your mom would love to hear that you've noticed the hard work she's put in on a project, and that you think she did a kick-ass job. 6. "You deserve the best." Say this right before you treat her to a spa day or any kind of bonding activity. Because she does deserve the best. 7. "You are beautiful." Celebrate your mom's beauty by giving her specific compliments. We live in a society that only appreciates beauty of a certain age, which is bonkers because every woman alive — and that includes your mom — is beautiful in their own way, and should be reminded of that on the reg. 8. "I love you." It doesn't matter if you say it every day, or even if you just said it two seconds ago. Say it again. Because she will never get sick of hearing it.

母亲节快到了，比起收到鲜花这样的礼物，你的妈妈可能更愿意听到一些暖心的话。这个母亲节，和你的妈妈好好聊聊天吧。 谢谢您。 无论你说多少次感谢，母亲也愿意听。她怀着你的时候长达9个月的时间都不能沾酒精和咖啡因。这一牺牲就足以让你说无数声感谢。 您是我的英雄。 因为母亲就是英雄。你的出色都是因为她，所以她配得上这一称号。 记得我小时候发生的事吗？ 回忆一下母亲曾经帮你解决过的困难。这将让她想起过去你是多么依赖她，而且以后在某些方面很可能也会一直依赖她。 我需要您的建议。 无论你多大，你的母亲永远不会厌倦给你建议。你越自立，你向她寻求建议就越让她感到高兴。让她感觉自己被需要。 我为您感到骄傲。 这句话不是只能父母对孩子说。孩子也应该对父母说。作为人类，我们一辈子都不断在成长。如果告诉母亲你注意到她对某件事付出的努力，而且认为她做的很棒，她会很开心。 您值得拥有最好的。 在你带母亲去泡温泉或一起玩之前说这句话。因为她的确值得拥有最好的。 您真美。 你应该具体地称赞母亲的美貌。我们生活的这个社会只欣赏特定年龄的美，这是愚蠢的，因为每个女人，包括你的母亲，都各有各的美，应该有人提醒她们这一点。 我爱您。 即使你每天都说这句话，甚至两秒前刚刚说过，你也可以再说一遍。因为这是妈妈永远听不腻的话。 英文来源：Bustle 翻译&编辑：丹妮

万事达卡近日发布的《中国游客出境游及境外支付行为》报告对比了中国游客疫情前后跨境出行活动，凸显出疫情后中国游客高涨的出境意愿，以及相关消费行为方式的显著改变。 A Chinese tourist is welcomed by local residents after his arrival at the Kilimanjaro International Airport in Tanzania in April. [Photo/Xinhua] China's outbound travel market will maintain strong growth this year as pent-up demand sparks a tourism boom and more big-spending travelers head overseas this summer, industry observers said. 行业观察人士表示，今年中国出境游市场将保持强劲增长，因为被压抑的需求引发了旅游热潮，今年夏天将有更多消费意愿高涨的游客出境旅游。 Tourists traveling abroad are willing to spend more money and stay longer, highlighting a surge in willingness to travel overseas after China optimized its COVID-19 response measures in December, according to a report by Mastercard. 万事达卡近日发布的一份报告显示，出境游客愿意花费更多时间且消费意愿更强，这显示出在中国去年12月优化新冠疫情防控措施后，中国游客高涨的出境意愿。 Compared with the period between January 2019 and March 2020, average travel duration has increased from nine to 11 days, and the overall per capita budget for outbound tourists has risen from 34,300 yuan to 39,800 yuan, up 16 percent, the report found. 报告发现，与2019年1月至2020年3月期间相比，出境游客平均旅行时间从9天增加到11天，出境游的人均预算从3.43万元增加到3.98万元，增长了16%。 "Chinese tourists who have not been traveling abroad for three years can't wait to venture out again. When they travel overseas again, their consumption behavior has changed significantly from the past, and they are eyeing new ways and trends of traveling globally," said Dennis Chang, China division president of Mastercard. 万事达卡中国区总裁常青说：“已经三年没有出国旅游的中国游客迫不及待地想再次踏出国门。当他们再次出国旅游时，消费行为与过去相比发生了显著变化，他们正在关注全球旅游的新方式和新趋势。” The travel market witnessed a bonanza during the five-day May Day holiday, with the strongest customer demand in the past three years. Pent-up demand to travel abroad is expected to be further released in the second half of the year, while the summer vacation period is likely to see greater travel demand from families who haven't taken trips for a long time, according to Tuniu Corp, an online travel agency. 途牛旅游网表示，在为期五天的“五一”假期期间，旅游市场迎来了一片繁荣景象，客户需求达到了过去三年来的最高水平。被压抑的出国旅游需求预计将在今年下半年进一步释放，而暑假期间，长期未外出旅游的家庭的旅游需求可能会增加。 China has so far resumed outbound group tours to 60 countries and regions, according to the Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Southeast Asian countries remain the most popular destinations for Chinese tourists, and countries such as Egypt and the United Arab Emirates are becoming increasingly sought after by Chinese consumers, Tuniu found. 据文化和旅游部称，中国迄今已恢复赴60个国家和地区的出境团队旅游业务。途牛旅游网发现，东南亚国家仍然是最受中国游客欢迎的旅游目的地，埃及和阿联酋等国家越来越受到中国游客的追捧。 More people have inquired about and booked cruise tours in Europe and the polar regions for the latter half of the year, with most of the trips lasting more than 15 days and carrying a high price tag, according to Tuniu. 据途牛旅游网称，越来越多的人咨询和预订了今年下半年在欧洲和极地地区的游轮旅行，其中大多数旅行持续时间超过15天，价格也很高。 "Chinese travelers now favor small and private group tours more, and young consumers in particular are looking for high-quality experiences. They prefer high-end catering, transport and accommodation options," said Li Peng, director of long-haul outbound tourism at Tuniu. 途牛出境长线产品负责人李朋说：“中国游客现在更喜欢小型和私人团队游，尤其是年轻消费者正在寻找高质量的体验。他们更喜欢高端餐饮、交通和住宿选择。” The Mastercard survey also found that travelers with higher incomes who made frequent trips abroad before the COVID-19 outbreak had a stronger willingness to travel overseas again. Those aged between 21 and 45 had the strongest desire to travel abroad, according to the report. 万事达卡的调查还发现，在新冠疫情暴发前经常出国旅行的高收入旅行者再次出国旅行的意愿更强。报告显示，年龄在21岁至45岁之间的人出国旅游的意愿最强。 Jane Sun, CEO of Trip.com Group, China's largest online travel agency, said while there has been a surge in outbound travel among Chinese mainland tourists since January, flight capacity has not yet fully recovered. The company and its partners are working to ensure the demand is met, and she is optimistic about growth prospects for this year. 中国最大的在线旅行社携程集团首席执行官孙洁表示，尽管自1月份以来中国大陆游客出境游人数激增，但航班运力尚未完全恢复。该公司及其合作伙伴正在努力确保满足需求，她对今年的增长前景持乐观态度。 "I'm very excited about the potential opportunities. We have collaborated with various destinations, which have seen a surge in international tourists since early 2023. The biggest challenge facing the travel industry is rehiring and retraining new employees after three years of the pandemic," she said. 她说：“我对潜在的机遇感到非常兴奋。我们与多个目的地合作，自2023年初以来，这些目的地的国际游客数量激增。经过三年的疫情，旅游业面临的最大挑战是重新招聘和再培训新员工。” 来源：中国日报 编辑：yaning

A Chinese tourist is welcomed by local residents after his arrival at the Kilimanjaro International Airport in Tanzania in April. [Photo/Xinhua] China's outbound travel market will maintain strong growth this year as pent-up demand sparks a tourism boom and more big-spending travelers head overseas this summer, industry observers said. Tourists traveling abroad are willing to spend more money and stay longer, highlighting a surge in willingness to travel overseas after China optimized its COVID-19 response measures in December, according to a report by Mastercard. Compared with the period between January 2019 and March 2020, average travel duration has increased from nine to 11 days, and the overall per capita budget for outbound tourists has risen from 34,300 yuan to 39,800 yuan, up 16 percent, the report found. "Chinese tourists who have not been traveling abroad for three years can't wait to venture out again. When they travel overseas again, their consumption behavior has changed significantly from the past, and they are eyeing new ways and trends of traveling globally," said Dennis Chang, China division president of Mastercard. The travel market witnessed a bonanza during the five-day May Day holiday, with the strongest customer demand in the past three years. Pent-up demand to travel abroad is expected to be further released in the second half of the year, while the summer vacation period is likely to see greater travel demand from families who haven't taken trips for a long time, according to Tuniu Corp, an online travel agency. China has so far resumed outbound group tours to 60 countries and regions, according to the Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Southeast Asian countries remain the most popular destinations for Chinese tourists, and countries such as Egypt and the United Arab Emirates are becoming increasingly sought after by Chinese consumers, Tuniu found. More people have inquired about and booked cruise tours in Europe and the polar regions for the latter half of the year, with most of the trips lasting more than 15 days and carrying a high price tag, according to Tuniu. "Chinese travelers now favor small and private group tours more, and young consumers in particular are looking for high-quality experiences. They prefer high-end catering, transport and accommodation options," said Li Peng, director of long-haul outbound tourism at Tuniu. The Mastercard survey also found that travelers with higher incomes who made frequent trips abroad before the COVID-19 outbreak had a stronger willingness to travel overseas again. Those aged between 21 and 45 had the strongest desire to travel abroad, according to the report. Jane Sun, CEO of Trip.com Group, China's largest online travel agency, said while there has been a surge in outbound travel among Chinese mainland tourists since January, flight capacity has not yet fully recovered. The company and its partners are working to ensure the demand is met, and she is optimistic about growth prospects for this year. "I'm very excited about the potential opportunities. We have collaborated with various destinations, which have seen a surge in international tourists since early 2023. The biggest challenge facing the travel industry is rehiring and retraining new employees after three years of the pandemic," she said.

万事达卡近日发布的《中国游客出境游及境外支付行为》报告对比了中国游客疫情前后跨境出行活动，凸显出疫情后中国游客高涨的出境意愿，以及相关消费行为方式的显著改变。 行业观察人士表示，今年中国出境游市场将保持强劲增长，因为被压抑的需求引发了旅游热潮，今年夏天将有更多消费意愿高涨的游客出境旅游。 万事达卡近日发布的一份报告显示，出境游客愿意花费更多时间且消费意愿更强，这显示出在中国去年12月优化新冠疫情防控措施后，中国游客高涨的出境意愿。 报告发现，与2019年1月至2020年3月期间相比，出境游客平均旅行时间从9天增加到11天，出境游的人均预算从3.43万元增加到3.98万元，增长了16%。 万事达卡中国区总裁常青说：“已经三年没有出国旅游的中国游客迫不及待地想再次踏出国门。当他们再次出国旅游时，消费行为与过去相比发生了显著变化，他们正在关注全球旅游的新方式和新趋势。” 途牛旅游网表示，在为期五天的“五一”假期期间，旅游市场迎来了一片繁荣景象，客户需求达到了过去三年来的最高水平。被压抑的出国旅游需求预计将在今年下半年进一步释放，而暑假期间，长期未外出旅游的家庭的旅游需求可能会增加。 据文化和旅游部称，中国迄今已恢复赴60个国家和地区的出境团队旅游业务。途牛旅游网发现，东南亚国家仍然是最受中国游客欢迎的旅游目的地，埃及和阿联酋等国家越来越受到中国游客的追捧。 据途牛旅游网称，越来越多的人咨询和预订了今年下半年在欧洲和极地地区的游轮旅行，其中大多数旅行持续时间超过15天，价格也很高。 途牛出境长线产品负责人李朋说：“中国游客现在更喜欢小型和私人团队游，尤其是年轻消费者正在寻找高质量的体验。他们更喜欢高端餐饮、交通和住宿选择。” 万事达卡的调查还发现，在新冠疫情暴发前经常出国旅行的高收入旅行者再次出国旅行的意愿更强。报告显示，年龄在21岁至45岁之间的人出国旅游的意愿最强。 中国最大的在线旅行社携程集团首席执行官孙洁表示，尽管自1月份以来中国大陆游客出境游人数激增，但航班运力尚未完全恢复。该公司及其合作伙伴正在努力确保满足需求，她对今年的增长前景持乐观态度。 她说：“我对潜在的机遇感到非常兴奋。我们与多个目的地合作，自2023年初以来，这些目的地的国际游客数量激增。经过三年的疫情，旅游业面临的最大挑战是重新招聘和再培训新员工。” 来源：中国日报 编辑：yaning

据英国《卫报》报道，弗吉尼亚理工学院暨州立大学的研究人员在iScience（《交叉科学》）上发布的研究论文显示，用一些肥皂洗脸会吸引蚊子，而另一些肥皂则会驱蚊，但这些效果在不同的人身上有所不同。 [Photo/Pexels] Lathering up with soap might seem a reasonable mosquito-evasion strategy on the basis that if they can’t smell you, they can’t bite you. 用肥皂擦洗身体似乎是一种合理的驱蚊方法，因为如果蚊子闻不到你的气味，就不会咬你。 However, a study suggests that rather than helping you go incognito, soapy fragrances could make you a more attractive target. 然而，一项研究表明，肥皂的香味非但不能帮助你隐藏自己，反而可能使你成为更吸引蚊子的目标。 The scientists behind the research said mosquitoes may be attracted to soap because, when they are not feeding on blood, they supplement their sugar intake with plant nectars. 研究人员称，蚊子可能被肥皂吸引，因为当它们不以血液为食时，会用植物花蜜来补充糖分摄入。 “The fact we are taking those flowery, fruity smells and putting them on our bodies means that now the same object smells like a flower and a person at the same time,” said Clément Vinauger, who led the work at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. “It would be like waking up and smelling something that was like both coffee and muffins. Very appealing.” 弗吉尼亚理工学院暨州立大学领导这项研究的克莱蒙·维纳格说："人们身上染上那些花香、果香，意味着现在同一个物体闻起来像花和人。这就像一觉醒来，闻到既像咖啡又像松饼的味道。这非常吸引蚊子。" However, the study also noted that the effects of soaps differed somewhat between people, possibly due to interactions between the soaps and each person’s unique odour profile. 然而，该研究还指出，肥皂的效果在人与人之间存在差异，这可能是因为肥皂和每个人的独特气味特征之间产生了相互作用。 Vinauger said: “It’s remarkable that the same individual that is extremely attractive to mosquitoes when they are unwashed can be turned even more attractive to mosquitoes with one soap, and then become repellent or repulsive to mosquitoes with another soap.” 维纳格说：“值得注意的是，在未洗澡时易招蚊子的人，用一种肥皂洗澡会变得对蚊子更具吸引力，然后再用另一种肥皂洗澡，能起到驱蚊效果。” The scientists concluded that soap choice could partially explain why some people are mosquito magnets while others get off bite-free. 科学家们得出结论，肥皂的选择可以部分解释为什么有些人招蚊子，而另一些人却没有被咬。 The study recruited four volunteers who submitted fabric samples that they had worn as a sleeve while either unwashed or after washing with four different brands of soap – Dial, Dove, Native, and Simple Truth. Female mosquitoes – only females feed on blood – were observed landing on the fabric samples to give an indication of their preference. Fabric was used rather than exposing the volunteers themselves, to exclude the effects of exhaled carbon dioxide, which is another important cue for mosquitoes. 研究人员选择了4名人类志愿者，提交了他们在未洗澡或用四种不同品牌的肥皂（Dial，Dove，Native和Simple Truth）清洗后所穿的袖子织物样本。观察雌性蚊子（只有雌性蚊子以血为食）落在哪些织物样品上，从而判断它们的偏好。为了排除呼出的二氧化碳的影响，研究使用织物而不是直接暴露志愿者皮肤，二氧化碳是另一个主要影响因素。 Washing with Dove, Dial and Simple Truth increased the attractiveness of some, but not all, volunteers, while washing with Native soap tended to repel mosquitoes. The relatively repellent effect of Native could be linked to its coconut scent, the scientists said, as there is some evidence that coconut oils are a natural deterrent for mosquitoes. 用Dove、Dial和Simple Truth牌香皂清晰增加了部分（但不是全部）志愿者对分子的吸引力，而用Native牌肥皂更驱蚊。研究人员称，Native牌肥皂驱蚊效果相对较好可能与其椰子香味有关，因为有证据表明椰子油具有驱蚊效果。 来源：卫报 编辑：董静，李蕙帆（实习）

[Photo/Pexels] Lathering up with soap might seem a reasonable mosquito-evasion strategy on the basis that if they can’t smell you, they can’t bite you. However, a study suggests that rather than helping you go incognito, soapy fragrances could make you a more attractive target. The scientists behind the research said mosquitoes may be attracted to soap because, when they are not feeding on blood, they supplement their sugar intake with plant nectars. However, the study also noted that the effects of soaps differed somewhat between people, possibly due to interactions between the soaps and each person’s unique odour profile. Vinauger said: “It’s remarkable that the same individual that is extremely attractive to mosquitoes when they are unwashed can be turned even more attractive to mosquitoes with one soap, and then become repellent or repulsive to mosquitoes with another soap.” The scientists concluded that soap choice could partially explain why some people are mosquito magnets while others get off bite-free. The study recruited four volunteers who submitted fabric samples that they had worn as a sleeve while either unwashed or after washing with four different brands of soap – Dial, Dove, Native, and Simple Truth. Female mosquitoes – only females feed on blood – were observed landing on the fabric samples to give an indication of their preference. Fabric was used rather than exposing the volunteers themselves, to exclude the effects of exhaled carbon dioxide, which is another important cue for mosquitoes. Washing with Dove, Dial and Simple Truth increased the attractiveness of some, but not all, volunteers, while washing with Native soap tended to repel mosquitoes. The relatively repellent effect of Native could be linked to its coconut scent, the scientists said, as there is some evidence that coconut oils are a natural deterrent for mosquitoes.

据英国《卫报》报道，弗吉尼亚理工学院暨州立大学的研究人员在iScience（《交叉科学》）上发布的研究论文显示，用一些肥皂洗脸会吸引蚊子，而另一些肥皂则会驱蚊，但这些效果在不同的人身上有所不同。 用肥皂擦洗身体似乎是一种合理的驱蚊方法，因为如果蚊子闻不到你的气味，就不会咬你。 然而，一项研究表明，肥皂的香味非但不能帮助你隐藏自己，反而可能使你成为更吸引蚊子的目标。 研究人员称，蚊子可能被肥皂吸引，因为当它们不以血液为食时，会用植物花蜜来补充糖分摄入。 “The fact we are taking those flowery, fruity smells and putting them on our bodies means that now the same object smells like a flower and a person at the same time,” said Clément Vinauger, who led the work at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. “It would be like waking up and smelling something that was like both coffee and muffins. Very appealing.” 弗吉尼亚理工学院暨州立大学领导这项研究的克莱蒙·维纳格说："人们身上染上那些花香、果香，意味着现在同一个物体闻起来像花和人。这就像一觉醒来，闻到既像咖啡又像松饼的味道。这非常吸引蚊子。" 然而，该研究还指出，肥皂的效果在人与人之间存在差异，这可能是因为肥皂和每个人的独特气味特征之间产生了相互作用。 维纳格说：“值得注意的是，在未洗澡时易招蚊子的人，用一种肥皂洗澡会变得对蚊子更具吸引力，然后再用另一种肥皂洗澡，能起到驱蚊效果。” 科学家们得出结论，肥皂的选择可以部分解释为什么有些人招蚊子，而另一些人却没有被咬。 研究人员选择了4名人类志愿者，提交了他们在未洗澡或用四种不同品牌的肥皂（Dial，Dove，Native和Simple Truth）清洗后所穿的袖子织物样本。观察雌性蚊子（只有雌性蚊子以血为食）落在哪些织物样品上，从而判断它们的偏好。为了排除呼出的二氧化碳的影响，研究使用织物而不是直接暴露志愿者皮肤，二氧化碳是另一个主要影响因素。 用Dove、Dial和Simple Truth牌香皂清晰增加了部分（但不是全部）志愿者对分子的吸引力，而用Native牌肥皂更驱蚊。研究人员称，Native牌肥皂驱蚊效果相对较好可能与其椰子香味有关，因为有证据表明椰子油具有驱蚊效果。 来源：卫报 编辑：董静，李蕙帆（实习）

5月8日，住房和城乡建设部、市场监督管理总局联合发布了《关于规范房地产经纪服务的意见》，加强房地产经纪行业管理，保护交易当事人合法权益。 《意见》提出，合理降低住房买卖和租赁经纪服务费用；鼓励按照成交价格越高、服务费率越低的原则实行分档定价；引导由交易双方共同承担经纪服务费用。 People look to buy a house at the sales center of a real estate company in Xuchang, Henan province. [Photo/Agencies] The recent guideline urging real estate brokerage agencies in China for reasonable reductions to fees for housing transactions and leasing services is expected to promote a healthier development of the sector and further unleash purchasing potential in the homebuying market, experts said. 专家表示，新发布的《关于规范房地产经纪服务的意见》敦促国内的房地产经纪机构合理降低住房买卖和租赁经纪服务费用，有望促进房地产业健康发展和进一步释放住房消费潜力。 Their comments came after China's Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and the State Administration for Market Regulation on Monday jointly issued a raft of regulatory measures on standardizing real estate brokerage services to protect the legitimate rights and interests of parties involved in related transactions. 为了保护交易当事人的合法权益，5月8日，住房和城乡建设部、市场监督管理总局联合发布了《关于规范房地产经纪服务的意见》。 These regulatory measures cover real estate brokerage agencies' transaction behavior in 10 fields, including the registration of institutions and brokers, determination of service charges and the protection of personal information. 这些监管条例从加强从业主体管理、合理确定经纪服务收费、加强个人信息保护等十个方面规范房地产经纪服务。 Specifically, it was made clear that brokerage service charges should be determined through negotiations by all parties involved in the transactions, taking into account factors such as service content, quality and market supply and demand, said the guideline. 《意见》特别明确，房地产经纪服务收费由交易各方根据服务内容、服务质量，结合市场供求关系等因素协商确定。 Some real estate brokers in recent years "have charged excessive, unclear and bound fees, and misused clients' personal information, which has increased the burden on related parties and infringed their legal rights", as noted in the guideline. 《意见》指出，近年来，部分房地产经纪机构“存在收取过高费用、未明码标价、捆绑收费、滥用客户个人信息等问题，加重交易当事人负担、侵害其合法权益”。 The guideline urges brokerage institutions to reasonably reduce the costs of housing sales and rental services and to refrain from exploiting a dominant market position to charge high prices for their services. 《意见》敦促经纪机构合理降低住房买卖和租赁经纪服务费用，并指出经纪机构不得滥用市场支配地位以不公平高价收取经纪服务费用。 The guideline also forbids brokerage institutions and their employees to illegally collect, use, process and transmit or illegally trade, or provide and disclose personal information. 此外，《意见》提出，经纪机构及从业人员不得非法收集、使用、加工、传输他人个人信息，不得非法买卖、提供或者公开他人个人信息。 "The size of staff working in real estate agencies has been vastly expanding, as well as their areas of services," said Li Yujia, a researcher at the housing policy research center of the Guangdong Urban & Rural Planning and Design Institute."Yet some agents are taking advantage of their scale to increase fees. Private personal information of clients is sometimes misused and their lawful rights and interests are infringed." 广东省城乡规划设计研究院住房政策研究中心研究员李宇嘉指出，我国房地产经纪机构和从业人员的规模不断扩大，服务内容不断扩大。然而，一些房地产经纪机构利用规模优势提高中介费，有时还滥用客户个人信息，侵犯其合法权益。 Li said he believes the new guideline will help rein in the cutthroat competition in the sector and promote healthier, sustainable development by better protecting all stakeholders in the process. 李宇嘉认为，监管新政有助于遏制房地产行业的恶性竞争，通过更好地保护交易各方的权益来推动房地产业健康可持续发展。 英文来源：中国日报 翻译&编辑：丹妮

People look to buy a house at the sales center of a real estate company in Xuchang, Henan province. [Photo/Agencies] The recent guideline urging real estate brokerage agencies in China for reasonable reductions to fees for housing transactions and leasing services is expected to promote a healthier development of the sector and further unleash purchasing potential in the homebuying market, experts said. Their comments came after China's Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and the State Administration for Market Regulation on Monday jointly issued a raft of regulatory measures on standardizing real estate brokerage services to protect the legitimate rights and interests of parties involved in related transactions. These regulatory measures cover real estate brokerage agencies' transaction behavior in 10 fields, including the registration of institutions and brokers, determination of service charges and the protection of personal information. Specifically, it was made clear that brokerage service charges should be determined through negotiations by all parties involved in the transactions, taking into account factors such as service content, quality and market supply and demand, said the guideline. Some real estate brokers in recent years "have charged excessive, unclear and bound fees, and misused clients' personal information, which has increased the burden on related parties and infringed their legal rights", as noted in the guideline. The guideline urges brokerage institutions to reasonably reduce the costs of housing sales and rental services and to refrain from exploiting a dominant market position to charge high prices for their services. The guideline also forbids brokerage institutions and their employees to illegally collect, use, process and transmit or illegally trade, or provide and disclose personal information. "The size of staff working in real estate agencies has been vastly expanding, as well as their areas of services," said Li Yujia, a researcher at the housing policy research center of the Guangdong Urban & Rural Planning and Design Institute."Yet some agents are taking advantage of their scale to increase fees. Private personal information of clients is sometimes misused and their lawful rights and interests are infringed." Li said he believes the new guideline will help rein in the cutthroat competition in the sector and promote healthier, sustainable development by better protecting all stakeholders in the process.

5月8日，住房和城乡建设部、市场监督管理总局联合发布了《关于规范房地产经纪服务的意见》，加强房地产经纪行业管理，保护交易当事人合法权益。 《意见》提出，合理降低住房买卖和租赁经纪服务费用；鼓励按照成交价格越高、服务费率越低的原则实行分档定价；引导由交易双方共同承担经纪服务费用。 专家表示，新发布的《关于规范房地产经纪服务的意见》敦促国内的房地产经纪机构合理降低住房买卖和租赁经纪服务费用，有望促进房地产业健康发展和进一步释放住房消费潜力。 为了保护交易当事人的合法权益，5月8日，住房和城乡建设部、市场监督管理总局联合发布了《关于规范房地产经纪服务的意见》。 这些监管条例从加强从业主体管理、合理确定经纪服务收费、加强个人信息保护等十个方面规范房地产经纪服务。 《意见》特别明确，房地产经纪服务收费由交易各方根据服务内容、服务质量，结合市场供求关系等因素协商确定。 《意见》指出，近年来，部分房地产经纪机构“存在收取过高费用、未明码标价、捆绑收费、滥用客户个人信息等问题，加重交易当事人负担、侵害其合法权益”。 《意见》敦促经纪机构合理降低住房买卖和租赁经纪服务费用，并指出经纪机构不得滥用市场支配地位以不公平高价收取经纪服务费用。 此外，《意见》提出，经纪机构及从业人员不得非法收集、使用、加工、传输他人个人信息，不得非法买卖、提供或者公开他人个人信息。 广东省城乡规划设计研究院住房政策研究中心研究员李宇嘉指出，我国房地产经纪机构和从业人员的规模不断扩大，服务内容不断扩大。然而，一些房地产经纪机构利用规模优势提高中介费，有时还滥用客户个人信息，侵犯其合法权益。 李宇嘉认为，监管新政有助于遏制房地产行业的恶性竞争，通过更好地保护交易各方的权益来推动房地产业健康可持续发展。 英文来源：中国日报 翻译&编辑：丹妮

近日发布的《世界旅游经济趋势报告（2023）》指出，2022年全球旅游总人次达到95.7亿，全球旅游总收入达到4.6万亿美元，分别恢复至2019年的66.1%和79.6%。 Tourists pose at the Temple of Heaven in Beijing during the May Day holiday. [Photo/Xinhua] The number of international tourist arrivals is expected to reach 10.78 billion, 74.4 percent of the 2019 level, according to the Report on World Tourism Economy Trends 2023 issued on Wednesday. 5月10日发布的《世界旅游经济趋势报告（2023）》预测，2023年全球旅游总人次将达到107.8亿，恢复至2019年的74.4%。 In 2023, the global tourism revenue will reach 5 trillion U.S. dollars, recovering to 86.2 percent of the 2019 level, said the report jointly released by the tourism research center of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS) and the World Tourism Cities Federation. 全球旅游总收入将达到5万亿美元，恢复至2019年86.2%。该报告由中国社会科学院旅游研究中心和世界旅游城市联合会联合发布。 The number of 2022 global tourist visits was 9.57 billion, and the global tourism revenue last year reached 4.6 trillion U.S. dollars, the report said. 《报告》指出，2022年全球旅游总人次达到95.7亿，全球旅游总收入达到4.6万亿美元。 "The global tourism economy is steadily recovering, and the global tourism industry will embrace a brighter future," said Song Rui, director of the tourism research center of CASS. 中国社会科学院旅游研究中心主任宋瑞说：“目前全球旅游经济呈稳步恢复态势，全球旅游会有更美好的前景。” "However, we should also see that the tourism recovery lies in the development of the global macro economy, and the uncertainty of the global economy will still affect the prospect of tourism," Song said. 她说：“但同时人们也应该理性地认识到，未来全球旅游业的复苏依赖于全球宏观经济的走势，全球经济的不确定性依然会影响旅游业的前景。” 【相关词汇】 出境团队旅游 outbound group travel 旅游气象服务 meteorological services for tourism 短途旅行 short-distance travel 旅游发展和价值链整合 tourism development and value chain integration （来源：新华社 编辑：yaning）

Tourists pose at the Temple of Heaven in Beijing during the May Day holiday. [Photo/Xinhua] The number of international tourist arrivals is expected to reach 10.78 billion, 74.4 percent of the 2019 level, according to the Report on World Tourism Economy Trends 2023 issued on Wednesday. In 2023, the global tourism revenue will reach 5 trillion U.S. dollars, recovering to 86.2 percent of the 2019 level, said the report jointly released by the tourism research center of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS) and the World Tourism Cities Federation. The number of 2022 global tourist visits was 9.57 billion, and the global tourism revenue last year reached 4.6 trillion U.S. dollars, the report said. "The global tourism economy is steadily recovering, and the global tourism industry will embrace a brighter future," said Song Rui, director of the tourism research center of CASS. "However, we should also see that the tourism recovery lies in the development of the global macro economy, and the uncertainty of the global economy will still affect the prospect of tourism," Song said.

近日发布的《世界旅游经济趋势报告（2023）》指出，2022年全球旅游总人次达到95.7亿，全球旅游总收入达到4.6万亿美元，分别恢复至2019年的66.1%和79.6%。 5月10日发布的《世界旅游经济趋势报告（2023）》预测，2023年全球旅游总人次将达到107.8亿，恢复至2019年的74.4%。 全球旅游总收入将达到5万亿美元，恢复至2019年86.2%。该报告由中国社会科学院旅游研究中心和世界旅游城市联合会联合发布。 《报告》指出，2022年全球旅游总人次达到95.7亿，全球旅游总收入达到4.6万亿美元。 中国社会科学院旅游研究中心主任宋瑞说：“目前全球旅游经济呈稳步恢复态势，全球旅游会有更美好的前景。” 她说：“但同时人们也应该理性地认识到，未来全球旅游业的复苏依赖于全球宏观经济的走势，全球经济的不确定性依然会影响旅游业的前景。” 【相关词汇】 出境团队旅游 outbound group travel 旅游气象服务 meteorological services for tourism 短途旅行 short-distance travel 旅游发展和价值链整合 tourism development and value chain integration （来源：新华社 编辑：yaning）

专家表示，得益于贸易结构的优化，以及为应对地缘政治紧张和外部需求波动等挑战采取的积极措施，2023年我国外贸将保持稳定增长，并将在支撑全球供应链方面发挥关键作用。 China's foreign trade will maintain steady growth in 2023, thanks to the improved trade structure and the country's proactive measures to tackle challenges such as geopolitical tensions and fluctuations in external demand, experts said.The nation's foreign trade growth will play a key role in underpinning the global supply chain, they said. 专家表示，得益于贸易结构的优化，以及为应对地缘政治紧张和外部需求波动等挑战而采取的积极措施，2023年我国对外贸易将保持稳定增长，并将在支撑全球供应链方面发挥关键作用。 Exports, one of the main contributors to China's GDP, are expected to expand in the second half of this year, as the country's factories have the ability to adapt swiftly to foreign customers' changing demands, they said. 专家称，外贸在我国国内生产总值中已占有较大比重，出口有望在今年下半年扩大，因为中国企业有能力迅速适应外国客户不断变化的需求。 Zhou Maohua, an analyst at China Everbright Bank, said that the new growth engines of China's foreign trade are likely to come from member states of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations and those related to the Belt and Road Initiative. 中国光大银行分析师周茂华表示，东盟成员国和“一带一路”沿线国家很可能成为我国外贸新的增长引擎。 China's foreign trade grew by 5.8 percent year-on-year to 13.32 trillion yuan ($1.92 trillion) in the first four months of 2023, data from the General Administration of Customs showed. 据海关总署统计，今年前4个月，我国进出口总值13.32万亿元，同比增长5.8%。 Exports rose 10.6 percent year-on-year to 7.67 trillion yuan, further easing market concerns over the export outlook of the world's second-largest economy for this year. 其中，出口7.67万亿元，同比增长10.6%，进一步缓解了市场对世界第二大经济体今年出口前景的担忧。 The strong performance of China's exports between January and April was driven by its fast-growing green and high-end manufacturing industries, including new energy vehicles, lithium-ion batteries and solar cells, as well as domestic companies' greater participation in trade shows both at home and abroad, Zhou said. 周茂华表示，今年前4个月，新能源汽车、锂离子电池和太阳能电池等快速增长的绿色和高端制造业、以及国内企业更多参与国内外的贸易展览推动了我国出口的强劲表现。 Zhou predicted that overseas demand will continue to rebound in the third and fourth quarters, as inflation in overseas countries gradually eases in the first half of this year. 周茂华预测，随着今年上半年海外国家的通货膨胀逐渐缓解，海外需求将在第三和第四季度继续反弹。 Lyu Daliang, director-general of the GAC's statistics and analysis department, said the government's newly introduced policies to promote the stability, scale and quality of foreign trade will unleash the confidence and strength of China's export-oriented companies. 海关总署统计分析司司长吕大良表示，近期，国务院出台新的推动外贸稳规模优结构政策措施，我国外贸企业的信心活力将得到更大提振和释放。 China, for instance, will host a large number of offline exhibitions and promote the resumption of international passenger flights. It will issue country-specific trade guidelines, help automakers establish and improve their international marketing and service systems, and improve foreign trade financing services for medium, small and micro-sized companies, according to information released by the Ministry of Commerce last month. 中国将推动国内线下展会全面恢复，推进国际客运航班稳妥有序恢复等。根据商务部4月消息，商务部将发布相关国别贸易指南，进一步支持汽车企业建立和完善国际营销服务体系，积极满足中小微企业对外贸融资的需求。 "These measures will effectively improve the quality of China's foreign trade throughout the year," Lyu said. 吕大良表示：“这些措施将有力推动全年外贸促稳提质。” Wu Chaoming, deputy director of the Chasing International Economic Institute, is optimistic about robust foreign trade growth in 2023. He said China's commitment to speeding up the modernization of its industrial system would also motivate both exporters and foreign-funded companies to invest more in innovation and production capacity, despite the US' attempts to decouple in key supply chain areas. 财信研究院副院长伍超明对2023年中国外贸强劲增长持乐观态度。他表示，尽管美国试图在关键的供应链领域对华脱钩，但中国坚持加快建设现代化工业体系也将推动出口企业和外资企业在创新和生产能力方面进行更多投资。 Zhang Yansheng, chief researcher at the China Center for International Economic Exchanges, said domestic manufacturers should seize the opportunity to upgrade their manufacturing capacity, provide global customers with higher value-added products and secure more orders. 中国国际经济交流中心首席研究员张燕生表示，国内制造商应抓住机遇升级制造能力，为全球客户提供更高附加值的产品并获得更多订单。 At the same time, diversification of international markets must be better leveraged to offset losses caused by shrinking demand from some European countries and the United States. Greater efforts should be made to extend trade cooperation with countries and regions involved in the BRI and ASEAN, Zhang said. 同时，必须更好地利用国际市场的多样化，以抵消一些欧洲国家和美国的需求萎缩造成的损失。张燕生说，应进一步扩大与金砖国家和东盟成员国的贸易合作。 编辑：董静，李蕙帆（实习）

China's foreign trade will maintain steady growth in 2023, thanks to the improved trade structure and the country's proactive measures to tackle challenges such as geopolitical tensions and fluctuations in external demand, experts said.The nation's foreign trade growth will play a key role in underpinning the global supply chain, they said. Exports, one of the main contributors to China's GDP, are expected to expand in the second half of this year, as the country's factories have the ability to adapt swiftly to foreign customers' changing demands, they said. Zhou Maohua, an analyst at China Everbright Bank, said that the new growth engines of China's foreign trade are likely to come from member states of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations and those related to the Belt and Road Initiative. China's foreign trade grew by 5.8 percent year-on-year to 13.32 trillion yuan ($1.92 trillion) in the first four months of 2023, data from the General Administration of Customs showed. Exports rose 10.6 percent year-on-year to 7.67 trillion yuan, further easing market concerns over the export outlook of the world's second-largest economy for this year. The strong performance of China's exports between January and April was driven by its fast-growing green and high-end manufacturing industries, including new energy vehicles, lithium-ion batteries and solar cells, as well as domestic companies' greater participation in trade shows both at home and abroad, Zhou said. Zhou predicted that overseas demand will continue to rebound in the third and fourth quarters, as inflation in overseas countries gradually eases in the first half of this year. Lyu Daliang, director-general of the GAC's statistics and analysis department, said the government's newly introduced policies to promote the stability, scale and quality of foreign trade will unleash the confidence and strength of China's export-oriented companies. China, for instance, will host a large number of offline exhibitions and promote the resumption of international passenger flights. It will issue country-specific trade guidelines, help automakers establish and improve their international marketing and service systems, and improve foreign trade financing services for medium, small and micro-sized companies, according to information released by the Ministry of Commerce last month. "These measures will effectively improve the quality of China's foreign trade throughout the year," Lyu said. Wu Chaoming, deputy director of the Chasing International Economic Institute, is optimistic about robust foreign trade growth in 2023. He said China's commitment to speeding up the modernization of its industrial system would also motivate both exporters and foreign-funded companies to invest more in innovation and production capacity, despite the US' attempts to decouple in key supply chain areas. Zhang Yansheng, chief researcher at the China Center for International Economic Exchanges, said domestic manufacturers should seize the opportunity to upgrade their manufacturing capacity, provide global customers with higher value-added products and secure more orders. At the same time, diversification of international markets must be better leveraged to offset losses caused by shrinking demand from some European countries and the United States. Greater efforts should be made to extend trade cooperation with countries and regions involved in the BRI and ASEAN, Zhang said.

专家表示，得益于贸易结构的优化，以及为应对地缘政治紧张和外部需求波动等挑战采取的积极措施，2023年我国外贸将保持稳定增长，并将在支撑全球供应链方面发挥关键作用。 专家表示，得益于贸易结构的优化，以及为应对地缘政治紧张和外部需求波动等挑战而采取的积极措施，2023年我国对外贸易将保持稳定增长，并将在支撑全球供应链方面发挥关键作用。 专家称，外贸在我国国内生产总值中已占有较大比重，出口有望在今年下半年扩大，因为中国企业有能力迅速适应外国客户不断变化的需求。 中国光大银行分析师周茂华表示，东盟成员国和“一带一路”沿线国家很可能成为我国外贸新的增长引擎。 据海关总署统计，今年前4个月，我国进出口总值13.32万亿元，同比增长5.8%。 其中，出口7.67万亿元，同比增长10.6%，进一步缓解了市场对世界第二大经济体今年出口前景的担忧。 周茂华表示，今年前4个月，新能源汽车、锂离子电池和太阳能电池等快速增长的绿色和高端制造业、以及国内企业更多参与国内外的贸易展览推动了我国出口的强劲表现。 周茂华预测，随着今年上半年海外国家的通货膨胀逐渐缓解，海外需求将在第三和第四季度继续反弹。 海关总署统计分析司司长吕大良表示，近期，国务院出台新的推动外贸稳规模优结构政策措施，我国外贸企业的信心活力将得到更大提振和释放。 中国将推动国内线下展会全面恢复，推进国际客运航班稳妥有序恢复等。根据商务部4月消息，商务部将发布相关国别贸易指南，进一步支持汽车企业建立和完善国际营销服务体系，积极满足中小微企业对外贸融资的需求。 吕大良表示：“这些措施将有力推动全年外贸促稳提质。” 财信研究院副院长伍超明对2023年中国外贸强劲增长持乐观态度。他表示，尽管美国试图在关键的供应链领域对华脱钩，但中国坚持加快建设现代化工业体系也将推动出口企业和外资企业在创新和生产能力方面进行更多投资。 中国国际经济交流中心首席研究员张燕生表示，国内制造商应抓住机遇升级制造能力，为全球客户提供更高附加值的产品并获得更多订单。 同时，必须更好地利用国际市场的多样化，以抵消一些欧洲国家和美国的需求萎缩造成的损失。张燕生说，应进一步扩大与金砖国家和东盟成员国的贸易合作。 编辑：董静，李蕙帆（实习）

相比经常见面的情侣，异地恋情侣需要付出更多才能维系一段感情。想要让异地恋开花结果，有些错误绝对不能犯，一起来看看专家的建议。 Photo/Pexels When you and your partner live in different cities — or even different countries — a lot of your energy as a couple will be devoted to maintaining your connection. You’ll send an abundance of texts, have standing FaceTime dates, and maybe mail each other a cute letter or two. But even when you do your best to stay in touch, there are a number of mistakes long-distance partners make that can lead to a breakup. 如果你和你的伴侣生活在不同的城市甚至不同的国家，你们将会花费大量精力用于维系你们的感情。你会发很多短信，用视频聊天软件约会，可能还会互寄情书。但是，即使你已经尽力维系感情，有一些错误还是可能导致分手。 While any type of relationship takes work, long-distance relationships require a little extra effort and dedication — and it has to come equally from both partners, says Boston-based psychotherapist Angela Ficken. Big issues, like not being on the same page about communication or boundaries, will definitely chip away at your connection. But small issues can have an impact, too. 波士顿心理治疗师安吉拉·菲肯说，尽管维系任何感情都需要付出努力，但是异地恋需要付出的更多，而且双方都要共同努力。有些大问题，比如没有在交流或界限上达成共识，肯定会日渐损害你们的感情。不过小问题也可能会产生影响。 Even though it’s tough, it is possible for long-distance relationships to thrive, says Kalley Hartman, LMFT, a licensed marriage and family therapist. If you notice any of the issues listed below, find time to chat — preferably on a video call — so you can talk it out as a duo. 持牌婚姻家庭治疗师凯莉·哈特曼说，尽管维持异地恋很难，但是异地恋还是有可能开花结果的。如果你注意到你们的感情出现了下面列出的任何一个问题，找时间聊聊，最好是通过视频电话，这样你们可以一起沟通解决。 Here are some mistakes that people can make in a long-distance relationship, according to experts. 来看看专家指出的异地恋中可能犯的错误。 1. You Don’t Have Any Relationship “Rules” 你们没有制定规则 Since long-distance relationships can lead to, well, distance, it helps to go in with a clear understanding of what your LDR will look like. In order to stay on the same page, “it's important to have open and honest conversations about what each partner wants and needs from the relationship,” Ficken says. 因为异地恋会产生距离，所以明确了解自己将如何开展异地恋将有助于缩短距离。为了让双方步调一致，菲肯表示：“开诚布公地谈一谈彼此对这段感情的需求很重要。” That means ensuring you agree on boundaries, communication, and expectations. If you part ways without having agreed on the basics — like how often you’d both like to text or even the status of the relationship — the resulting misunderstandings and frustrations can lead to a breakup. 也就是说，你们要确保在界限、交流方式和期望上达成一致。如果你们在最基本的事项上（比如你们发短信的频率或对外公布的情感状态）尚未统一意见就离别，那么随之而来的误解和沮丧可能会导致分手。 2. You Let Other People’s Opinions Cause Doubt 你被别人的意见左右，开始质疑这段感情 "There are a lot of haters out there when it comes to long-distance relationships,” notes Samantha Newton, LCSW, a licensed clinical social worker. When you’re in one, chances are your friends and family will express doubts and worries. 持有执照的临床社工萨曼莎·牛顿指出：“很多人不看好异地恋。”如果你是异地恋，你的亲友们很可能会表示质疑和担心。 According to Newton, they might suggest you date someone who lives closer or express worry that your partner will cheat. And before you know it, you’ll start to feel like they’ve got a point. While it doesn’t hurt to hear them out, these concerns are often more about them than you. 牛顿表示，他们可能会建议你和住得比较近的某人约会，或担心你的伴侣偷吃。然后不知不觉地，你会开始觉得他们说的有道理。尽管听听也无妨，但是这些顾虑通常只是他们根据自己的经历做出的判断，和你没多大关系。 "Be cautious about who you open up to about your relationships and do not allow their personal relationship preferences to place doubt in your mind about your own,” Newton says. If your relationship is happy and strong, that’s all that matters. 牛顿说：“不要随便和别人敞开心扉谈论自己的感情，也不要让他们对感情的个人看法影响到你，让你对自己的感情产生怀疑。”如果你的感情关系快乐又稳固，这才是最重要的。 3. You Don’t Have A Visit Planned 你们没有计划好下一次见面的时间 Not knowing when you're going to see each other again can be really challenging, says Erin Dierickx, LMFTA, a licensed marriage and family therapist. It can heighten feelings of loneliness, distrust, and doubt — and it’s also just kind of a bummer. 持牌婚姻家庭治疗师艾琳·迪尔里克斯说，不知道什么时候再见面真的会给异地恋带来挑战。你会感觉更孤独，对伴侣更加不信任和怀疑，也会对这段感情感到失望。 "If at all possible, schedule when you'll see each other next,” Dierickx says. “Even if it's months out, having a set date provides hope for the relationship and lessens the discouragement and fear around what may happen in the coming months due to not knowing when you'll see each other next.” 迪尔里克斯说：“如果可能的话，安排好下次见面的时间。即使是几个月后，定好时间会让双方对这段感情抱有希望，也会减少未来几个月因为不知何时再见面而产生的沮丧和担忧。” 4. You Forget To Schedule Dates 忘记安排约会 Scheduling date nights is just as important in an LDR as it is in person, so don’t let too many Friday nights go by without doing something fun. Think HBO watch parties, FaceTime dinner dates, or a long walk while you chat about your week. 面对面约会很重要，但对异地恋情侣而言，安排线上约会之夜也同样重要，所以不要各自无聊地虚度一个又一个周五晚上。你们可以考虑相约一起看HBO频道的电影，通过视频聊天软件共进晚餐，或者一边煲电话粥一边散步，聊聊你们这周发生的事情。 "We become closer to others through spending time with them and a great way to do this is through some kind of activity," says Dr. Alisha Powell, LCSW, a therapist and licensed clinical social worker. "Long distance makes it more challenging, but watching movies, having dinner together, or video chatting while doing the same activity can increase emotional intimacy.” 临床社工艾丽莎·鲍威尔博士说：“我们和他人的感情因为共度时光而变得更加亲密，加深感情的一个好方法就是一起做某件事。这对异地恋情侣来说可能更难，但是一起看电影、用餐或一边做同样的事一边视频聊天可以让感情更亲密。” 5. You Neglect Your Own Lives 你忽视了自己的个人生活 Too much of a good thing can sometimes be a problem. For example, if you're both working hard to create a healthy relationship, it can get to the point where most of your time is spent thinking about each other. While that’s adorable, you need to take care of yourselves, as well as your partnership, in order for it to last. 有时候过犹不及。举例而言，如果你们都在努力经营这段感情，你们可能大多数时间都在思念对方。尽管这样很甜蜜，但是除了经营好感情，你也需要照顾好自己，感情才能长长久久。 As Powell says, “It’s important for both partners to have their own lives so that they won’t end up resenting each other." It’s totally OK to put your phone down, take a breather, see friends, or spend some time alone. 正如鲍威尔所说：“异地恋情侣有各自的生活很重要，这样他们最后才不会怨恨彼此。”你完全可以把手机放下，让自己喘口气，见见朋友，或花些时间独处。 英文来源：Bustle 翻译&编辑：丹妮

Photo/Pexels When you and your partner live in different cities — or even different countries — a lot of your energy as a couple will be devoted to maintaining your connection. You’ll send an abundance of texts, have standing FaceTime dates, and maybe mail each other a cute letter or two. But even when you do your best to stay in touch, there are a number of mistakes long-distance partners make that can lead to a breakup. While any type of relationship takes work, long-distance relationships require a little extra effort and dedication — and it has to come equally from both partners, says Boston-based psychotherapist Angela Ficken. Big issues, like not being on the same page about communication or boundaries, will definitely chip away at your connection. But small issues can have an impact, too. Even though it’s tough, it is possible for long-distance relationships to thrive, says Kalley Hartman, LMFT, a licensed marriage and family therapist. If you notice any of the issues listed below, find time to chat — preferably on a video call — so you can talk it out as a duo. Here are some mistakes that people can make in a long-distance relationship, according to experts. 1. You Don’t Have Any Relationship “Rules” Since long-distance relationships can lead to, well, distance, it helps to go in with a clear understanding of what your LDR will look like. In order to stay on the same page, “it's important to have open and honest conversations about what each partner wants and needs from the relationship,” Ficken says. That means ensuring you agree on boundaries, communication, and expectations. If you part ways without having agreed on the basics — like how often you’d both like to text or even the status of the relationship — the resulting misunderstandings and frustrations can lead to a breakup. 2. You Let Other People’s Opinions Cause Doubt "There are a lot of haters out there when it comes to long-distance relationships,” notes Samantha Newton, LCSW, a licensed clinical social worker. When you’re in one, chances are your friends and family will express doubts and worries. According to Newton, they might suggest you date someone who lives closer or express worry that your partner will cheat. And before you know it, you’ll start to feel like they’ve got a point. While it doesn’t hurt to hear them out, these concerns are often more about them than you. "Be cautious about who you open up to about your relationships and do not allow their personal relationship preferences to place doubt in your mind about your own,” Newton says. If your relationship is happy and strong, that’s all that matters. 3. You Don’t Have A Visit Planned Not knowing when you're going to see each other again can be really challenging, says Erin Dierickx, LMFTA, a licensed marriage and family therapist. It can heighten feelings of loneliness, distrust, and doubt — and it’s also just kind of a bummer. "If at all possible, schedule when you'll see each other next,” Dierickx says. “Even if it's months out, having a set date provides hope for the relationship and lessens the discouragement and fear around what may happen in the coming months due to not knowing when you'll see each other next.” 4. You Forget To Schedule Dates Scheduling date nights is just as important in an LDR as it is in person, so don’t let too many Friday nights go by without doing something fun. Think HBO watch parties, FaceTime dinner dates, or a long walk while you chat about your week. "We become closer to others through spending time with them and a great way to do this is through some kind of activity," says Dr. Alisha Powell, LCSW, a therapist and licensed clinical social worker. "Long distance makes it more challenging, but watching movies, having dinner together, or video chatting while doing the same activity can increase emotional intimacy.” 5. You Neglect Your Own Lives Too much of a good thing can sometimes be a problem. For example, if you're both working hard to create a healthy relationship, it can get to the point where most of your time is spent thinking about each other. While that’s adorable, you need to take care of yourselves, as well as your partnership, in order for it to last. As Powell says, “It’s important for both partners to have their own lives so that they won’t end up resenting each other." It’s totally OK to put your phone down, take a breather, see friends, or spend some time alone.

相比经常见面的情侣，异地恋情侣需要付出更多才能维系一段感情。想要让异地恋开花结果，有些错误绝对不能犯，一起来看看专家的建议。 如果你和你的伴侣生活在不同的城市甚至不同的国家，你们将会花费大量精力用于维系你们的感情。你会发很多短信，用视频聊天软件约会，可能还会互寄情书。但是，即使你已经尽力维系感情，有一些错误还是可能导致分手。 波士顿心理治疗师安吉拉·菲肯说，尽管维系任何感情都需要付出努力，但是异地恋需要付出的更多，而且双方都要共同努力。有些大问题，比如没有在交流或界限上达成共识，肯定会日渐损害你们的感情。不过小问题也可能会产生影响。 持牌婚姻家庭治疗师凯莉·哈特曼说，尽管维持异地恋很难，但是异地恋还是有可能开花结果的。如果你注意到你们的感情出现了下面列出的任何一个问题，找时间聊聊，最好是通过视频电话，这样你们可以一起沟通解决。 来看看专家指出的异地恋中可能犯的错误。 你们没有制定规则 因为异地恋会产生距离，所以明确了解自己将如何开展异地恋将有助于缩短距离。为了让双方步调一致，菲肯表示：“开诚布公地谈一谈彼此对这段感情的需求很重要。” 也就是说，你们要确保在界限、交流方式和期望上达成一致。如果你们在最基本的事项上（比如你们发短信的频率或对外公布的情感状态）尚未统一意见就离别，那么随之而来的误解和沮丧可能会导致分手。 你被别人的意见左右，开始质疑这段感情 持有执照的临床社工萨曼莎·牛顿指出：“很多人不看好异地恋。”如果你是异地恋，你的亲友们很可能会表示质疑和担心。 牛顿表示，他们可能会建议你和住得比较近的某人约会，或担心你的伴侣偷吃。然后不知不觉地，你会开始觉得他们说的有道理。尽管听听也无妨，但是这些顾虑通常只是他们根据自己的经历做出的判断，和你没多大关系。 牛顿说：“不要随便和别人敞开心扉谈论自己的感情，也不要让他们对感情的个人看法影响到你，让你对自己的感情产生怀疑。”如果你的感情关系快乐又稳固，这才是最重要的。 你们没有计划好下一次见面的时间 持牌婚姻家庭治疗师艾琳·迪尔里克斯说，不知道什么时候再见面真的会给异地恋带来挑战。你会感觉更孤独，对伴侣更加不信任和怀疑，也会对这段感情感到失望。 迪尔里克斯说：“如果可能的话，安排好下次见面的时间。即使是几个月后，定好时间会让双方对这段感情抱有希望，也会减少未来几个月因为不知何时再见面而产生的沮丧和担忧。” 忘记安排约会 面对面约会很重要，但对异地恋情侣而言，安排线上约会之夜也同样重要，所以不要各自无聊地虚度一个又一个周五晚上。你们可以考虑相约一起看HBO频道的电影，通过视频聊天软件共进晚餐，或者一边煲电话粥一边散步，聊聊你们这周发生的事情。 临床社工艾丽莎·鲍威尔博士说：“我们和他人的感情因为共度时光而变得更加亲密，加深感情的一个好方法就是一起做某件事。这对异地恋情侣来说可能更难，但是一起看电影、用餐或一边做同样的事一边视频聊天可以让感情更亲密。” 你忽视了自己的个人生活 有时候过犹不及。举例而言，如果你们都在努力经营这段感情，你们可能大多数时间都在思念对方。尽管这样很甜蜜，但是除了经营好感情，你也需要照顾好自己，感情才能长长久久。 正如鲍威尔所说：“异地恋情侣有各自的生活很重要，这样他们最后才不会怨恨彼此。”你完全可以把手机放下，让自己喘口气，见见朋友，或花些时间独处。 英文来源：Bustle 翻译&编辑：丹妮

关于可持续时尚，社会各界一直有很多不同的声音。有人认为，购买打着环保旗号的品牌服装有助于保护环境，还有人认为，购买奢侈品牌可以防止工人被压榨。这些都是广为流传的误解。真相到底是什么呢？ Photo by Waldemar Brandt on Unsplash MYTH: Buying from "eco-conscious" or "sustainable" brands is the best way to reduce your fashion footprint 误解一：从“具有环保意识”或“可持续”的品牌购买服装是减少时尚碳足迹的最佳方式 TRUTH: The best way to reduce your fashion footprint is to buy fewer things. Get the most out of your current wardrobe by mending or altering old garments, restyling tired pieces and trading items with friends or through clothing swaps (post-pandemic). If you must buy a new item, try to find it second-hand. Some companies even offer repair programs, like Patagonia's "Worn Wear," or help to resell worn items. Researching sustainable brands is helpful, but buying something new should be the last option, not the first. 事实： 减少时尚碳足迹的最佳方式就是少买衣服。最大化地使用你现有的衣服，你可以修补或改造旧衣服，把穿腻了的衣服重新设计一下，和朋友换穿衣服，或者到网上进行衣物互换（当然是在疫情过后）。如果必须买新衣服，试着在二手店找找有没有合适的。一些公司甚至提供修补衣服的项目，比如巴塔哥尼亚品牌的“破旧衣服”项目，或者帮助顾客卖掉穿过的衣服。对可持续品牌进行调研可以有所帮助，但是购买新衣服应该是最后的选择，而不是首选。 MYTH: Luxury fashion is more sustainable than fast fashion 误解二：奢侈服装比快时尚服装更可持续 TRUTH: Spending money on luxury fashion does not guarantee sustainability. Some fashion houses, including Burberry, have staged "carbon-neutral" shows, and Gucci claims its operations are now entirely carbon-neutral. Stella McCartney has been working towards more greener practices for years and is one in a number of fashion brands to sign a UN charter for climate action, pledging to reduce collective carbon emissions by 30% by 2030. But the luxury fashion industry still has work to do. A report released earlier this year by Ordre, which specializes in online showrooms, reveals how unsustainable fashion weeks really are, for example. By measuring the carbon footprint of fashion buyers from 2,697 retail brands and 5,096 ready-to-wear designers attending international fashion weeks over a 12-month period, the report found that the 241,000 tonnes of CO2 (or equivalent greenhouse gases) emitted was the same as that of a small country, or enough energy to keep the lights on in 42,000 homes in a year. 事实： 花钱购买奢侈服装并不能保证可持续。包括巴宝莉在内的一些时尚品牌举行了“碳中和”时装秀，古驰品牌则声称自己的产业运作现在完全是碳中和的。斯特拉·麦卡特尼品牌多年来一直致力于更环保的行为，也是签署联合国《时尚业气候行动宪章》的多个时尚品牌之一，承诺到2030年将碳排放总量减少30%。但是奢侈时尚行业做的还不够。今年早些时候奢侈品展示网站Ordre发布的一份报告揭示了奢侈品时尚业的一些真相，比如时装周对环境的破坏有多大。通过测量12个月内参加国际时装周的来自2697个零售品牌的时装买家和5096名成衣设计师产生的碳足迹，该报告发现，时装周产生的24.1万吨二氧化碳（或等量的温室气体）相当于一个小国的碳排放量，这些能源足以为4.2万户家庭提供一年的照明。 MYTH: The more expensive the garment, the less likely workers have been exploited 误解三：衣服越贵，工人受剥削的可能性越小 TRUTH: Many mid-priced and premium labels actually produce in the same factories as discount and fast fashion brands. This means that everything from workers' rights to the conditions in which they work in, can be exploitative, regardless of price point. What's more, the price of a garment does not guarantee that workers were fairly paid, because the cost of labor only makes up a small fraction of total production costs. 事实： 许多中高档品牌的服装实际上跟折扣店和快时尚品牌用同样的工厂生产。这意味着从工人权利到工作条件等方方面面都可能存在剥削，与价位无关。此外，衣服的高价不能保证员工能得到公平的报酬，因为劳动力成本只占生产总成本的一小部分。 MYTH: Donating old clothes is a sustainable way to clean out your closet 误解四：捐旧衣服是清理衣柜的可持续方式 TRUTH: While charities and thrift stores do give away or sell a portion of the clothes they receive, your donated clothes are likely to end up being shipped overseas to resale markets in developing countries, which can negatively impact their local industries, or in a landfill. Only 10% of clothing given to thrift stores is actually sold. The US alone ships a billion pounds of used clothing per year to other countries. Africa receives 70% of global secondhand clothes. 事实： 尽管慈善机构和二手店确实会捐掉或卖掉它们获得的一部分旧衣服，但是你捐的衣服很可能最终会被运到发展中国家的转售市场或者进入垃圾填埋场，而运到发展中国家的旧衣服会给他们的当地产业带来负面影响。捐给二手店的衣服只有10%真的被卖掉了。光是美国每年就会运10亿磅（约合45万吨）旧衣服到其他国家。非洲接收了全球70%的二手衣服。 A 2016 research project, entitled "Dead White Man's Clothes," found that in Kantamanto, the largest secondhand market in Ghana, 15 million items are unloaded each week. The team behind the report concluded that 40% of the clothing in each bale becomes waste, dumped into already overflowing landfills, the Gulf of Guinea, or burned in Accra's slums. 2016年一项名为“已故白人衣服”的研究项目发现，在加纳最大的二手市场坎塔曼托市场，每周有1500万件衣物会运到那里。研究团队在报告中总结道，每批衣服的40%会成为垃圾，被倾倒入本已满溢的垃圾填埋场、几内亚湾，或在阿克拉贫民窟焚烧。 英文来源：美国有线电视新闻网 翻译&编辑：丹妮

Photo by Waldemar Brandt on Unsplash MYTH: Buying from "eco-conscious" or "sustainable" brands is the best way to reduce your fashion footprint TRUTH: The best way to reduce your fashion footprint is to buy fewer things. Get the most out of your current wardrobe by mending or altering old garments, restyling tired pieces and trading items with friends or through clothing swaps (post-pandemic). If you must buy a new item, try to find it second-hand. Some companies even offer repair programs, like Patagonia's "Worn Wear," or help to resell worn items. Researching sustainable brands is helpful, but buying something new should be the last option, not the first. MYTH: Luxury fashion is more sustainable than fast fashion TRUTH: Spending money on luxury fashion does not guarantee sustainability. Some fashion houses, including Burberry, have staged "carbon-neutral" shows, and Gucci claims its operations are now entirely carbon-neutral. Stella McCartney has been working towards more greener practices for years and is one in a number of fashion brands to sign a UN charter for climate action, pledging to reduce collective carbon emissions by 30% by 2030. But the luxury fashion industry still has work to do. A report released earlier this year by Ordre, which specializes in online showrooms, reveals how unsustainable fashion weeks really are, for example. By measuring the carbon footprint of fashion buyers from 2,697 retail brands and 5,096 ready-to-wear designers attending international fashion weeks over a 12-month period, the report found that the 241,000 tonnes of CO2 (or equivalent greenhouse gases) emitted was the same as that of a small country, or enough energy to keep the lights on in 42,000 homes in a year. MYTH: The more expensive the garment, the less likely workers have been exploited TRUTH: Many mid-priced and premium labels actually produce in the same factories as discount and fast fashion brands. This means that everything from workers' rights to the conditions in which they work in, can be exploitative, regardless of price point. What's more, the price of a garment does not guarantee that workers were fairly paid, because the cost of labor only makes up a small fraction of total production costs. MYTH: Donating old clothes is a sustainable way to clean out your closet TRUTH: While charities and thrift stores do give away or sell a portion of the clothes they receive, your donated clothes are likely to end up being shipped overseas to resale markets in developing countries, which can negatively impact their local industries, or in a landfill. Only 10% of clothing given to thrift stores is actually sold. The US alone ships a billion pounds of used clothing per year to other countries. Africa receives 70% of global secondhand clothes. A 2016 research project, entitled "Dead White Man's Clothes," found that in Kantamanto, the largest secondhand market in Ghana, 15 million items are unloaded each week. The team behind the report concluded that 40% of the clothing in each bale becomes waste, dumped into already overflowing landfills, the Gulf of Guinea, or burned in Accra's slums.

关于可持续时尚，社会各界一直有很多不同的声音。有人认为，购买打着环保旗号的品牌服装有助于保护环境，还有人认为，购买奢侈品牌可以防止工人被压榨。这些都是广为流传的误解。真相到底是什么呢？ 误解一：从“具有环保意识”或“可持续”的品牌购买服装是减少时尚碳足迹的最佳方式 事实： 减少时尚碳足迹的最佳方式就是少买衣服。最大化地使用你现有的衣服，你可以修补或改造旧衣服，把穿腻了的衣服重新设计一下，和朋友换穿衣服，或者到网上进行衣物互换（当然是在疫情过后）。如果必须买新衣服，试着在二手店找找有没有合适的。一些公司甚至提供修补衣服的项目，比如巴塔哥尼亚品牌的“破旧衣服”项目，或者帮助顾客卖掉穿过的衣服。对可持续品牌进行调研可以有所帮助，但是购买新衣服应该是最后的选择，而不是首选。 误解二：奢侈服装比快时尚服装更可持续 事实： 花钱购买奢侈服装并不能保证可持续。包括巴宝莉在内的一些时尚品牌举行了“碳中和”时装秀，古驰品牌则声称自己的产业运作现在完全是碳中和的。斯特拉·麦卡特尼品牌多年来一直致力于更环保的行为，也是签署联合国《时尚业气候行动宪章》的多个时尚品牌之一，承诺到2030年将碳排放总量减少30%。但是奢侈时尚行业做的还不够。今年早些时候奢侈品展示网站Ordre发布的一份报告揭示了奢侈品时尚业的一些真相，比如时装周对环境的破坏有多大。通过测量12个月内参加国际时装周的来自2697个零售品牌的时装买家和5096名成衣设计师产生的碳足迹，该报告发现，时装周产生的24.1万吨二氧化碳（或等量的温室气体）相当于一个小国的碳排放量，这些能源足以为4.2万户家庭提供一年的照明。 误解三：衣服越贵，工人受剥削的可能性越小 事实： 许多中高档品牌的服装实际上跟折扣店和快时尚品牌用同样的工厂生产。这意味着从工人权利到工作条件等方方面面都可能存在剥削，与价位无关。此外，衣服的高价不能保证员工能得到公平的报酬，因为劳动力成本只占生产总成本的一小部分。 误解四：捐旧衣服是清理衣柜的可持续方式 事实： 尽管慈善机构和二手店确实会捐掉或卖掉它们获得的一部分旧衣服，但是你捐的衣服很可能最终会被运到发展中国家的转售市场或者进入垃圾填埋场，而运到发展中国家的旧衣服会给他们的当地产业带来负面影响。捐给二手店的衣服只有10%真的被卖掉了。光是美国每年就会运10亿磅（约合45万吨）旧衣服到其他国家。非洲接收了全球70%的二手衣服。 2016年一项名为“已故白人衣服”的研究项目发现，在加纳最大的二手市场坎塔曼托市场，每周有1500万件衣物会运到那里。研究团队在报告中总结道，每批衣服的40%会成为垃圾，被倾倒入本已满溢的垃圾填埋场、几内亚湾，或在阿克拉贫民窟焚烧。 英文来源：美国有线电视新闻网 翻译&编辑：丹妮

最近，泰国象岛海景度假酒店起诉一名美国人在猫途鹰旅游网站上恶意发表负面评论。根据泰国的反诽谤法，如果罪名成立，这名美国人将面临最高两年的监禁和20万泰铢的罚款。 Ragnar Vorel@sonuba An American has been sued by an island resort in Thailand over a negative TripAdvisor review, authorities said Saturday, and could face up to two years in prison if found guilty. 泰国当局周六（9月26日）表示，一名美国人因在猫途鹰旅游网站发表负面评论而被泰国一家岛屿度假酒店起诉，如果罪名成立，他可能面临最高两年的监禁。 Domestic tourism is still happening in Thailand, where coronavirus numbers are relatively low, with locals and expats heading to near-empty resorts -- including Koh Chang island, famed for its sandy beaches and turquoise waters. 泰国新冠肺炎确诊病例相对较低，不少游客选择在国内旅游，当地人和外籍人士纷纷前往几乎无人的度假胜地，其中包括以沙滩和碧绿海水闻名的象岛。 turquoise [ˈtɜːkwɔɪz]：adj.蓝绿色的 But a recent visit to the Sea View Resort on the island landed Wesley Barnes in trouble after he wrote unflattering online reviews about his holiday. 但韦斯利·巴恩斯最近在岛上的海景度假酒店居住后遇到了麻烦，因为他在网上对这家酒店发表了一些差评。 "The Sea View Resort owner filed a complaint that the defendant had posted unfair reviews on his hotel on the Tripadvisor website," Colonel Thanapon Taemsara of Koh Chang police told AFP. 象岛警方的塔纳朋·泰姆萨拉上校告诉法新社：“海景度假酒店的老板投诉被告在猫途鹰旅游网站上发布了不公平的评论。” He said Barnes was accused of causing "damage to the reputation of the hotel", and of quarrelling with staff over not paying a corkage fee for alcohol brought to the hotel. 他说，巴恩斯被指控“损害了酒店的声誉”，还因未能支付自带酒水的开瓶费而与员工发生争执。 corkage [ˈkɔːkɪdʒ]：n.开瓶费 Barnes, who works in Thailand, was arrested by immigration police and returned to Koh Chang where he was briefly detained and then freed on bail. 巴恩斯在泰国工作，他被移民警察逮捕并押送回象岛。他在那里被短暂拘留，然后被保释。 According to the Tripadvisor review Barnes posted in July, he encountered "unfriendly staff" who "act like they don't want anyone here". 今年7月份，巴恩斯在猫途鹰旅游网站发布评论称，他遇到了“不友好的员工”，他们“表现得好像不希望任何客人来”。 The Sea View Resort said legal action was only taken because Barnes had penned multiple reviews on different sites over the past few weeks. 海景度假酒店表示，之所以采取法律行动，是因为巴恩斯在过去几周内在不同的网站上发表了多篇评论。 At least one was posted in June on Tripadvisor accusing the hotel of "modern day slavery" -- which the site removed after a week for violating its guidelines. 今年6月，他曾在猫途鹰网站发帖指责这家酒店实行“现代奴隶制”，该网站在一周以违反规定为由将帖子删除。 "We chose to file a complaint to serve as a deterrent, as we understood he may continue to write negative reviews week after week for the foreseeable future," the hotel said, adding that staff had attempted to contact Barnes before filing the complaint. 该酒店表示：“我们选择投诉是为了起到威慑作用，因为我们知道，今后他可能会不停地发表负面评论。”酒店还表示，员工在投诉前曾试图联系巴恩斯。 Thailand's notorious anti-defamation laws have long drawn scrutiny from human rights and press freedom groups, who say powerful players use it as a weapon to stifle free expression. 泰国饱受争议的反诽谤法长期以来一直受到人权和新闻自由组织的密切关注，这些组织说，有权势的人物用它来扼杀言论自由。 The maximum sentence is two years in prison, along with a 200,000 baht fine. 巴恩斯最高将面临两年监禁，以及20万泰铢（约合人民币4.32万元）的罚款。 Earlier this year, a Thai journalist was sentenced to two years in prison for posting a tweet referencing a dispute over working conditions at a chicken farm owned by the Thammakaset company. 今年早些时候，一名泰国记者因在推特上转引谭曼卡塞公司养鸡场工作条件纠纷而被判处两年监禁。 英文来源：法新社 翻译&编辑：yaning

Ragnar Vorel@sonuba An American has been sued by an island resort in Thailand over a negative TripAdvisor review, authorities said Saturday, and could face up to two years in prison if found guilty. Domestic tourism is still happening in Thailand, where coronavirus numbers are relatively low, with locals and expats heading to near-empty resorts -- including Koh Chang island, famed for its sandy beaches and turquoise waters. But a recent visit to the Sea View Resort on the island landed Wesley Barnes in trouble after he wrote unflattering online reviews about his holiday. "The Sea View Resort owner filed a complaint that the defendant had posted unfair reviews on his hotel on the Tripadvisor website," Colonel Thanapon Taemsara of Koh Chang police told AFP. He said Barnes was accused of causing "damage to the reputation of the hotel", and of quarrelling with staff over not paying a corkage fee for alcohol brought to the hotel. Barnes, who works in Thailand, was arrested by immigration police and returned to Koh Chang where he was briefly detained and then freed on bail. According to the Tripadvisor review Barnes posted in July, he encountered "unfriendly staff" who "act like they don't want anyone here". The Sea View Resort said legal action was only taken because Barnes had penned multiple reviews on different sites over the past few weeks. At least one was posted in June on Tripadvisor accusing the hotel of "modern day slavery" -- which the site removed after a week for violating its guidelines. "We chose to file a complaint to serve as a deterrent, as we understood he may continue to write negative reviews week after week for the foreseeable future," the hotel said, adding that staff had attempted to contact Barnes before filing the complaint. Thailand's notorious anti-defamation laws have long drawn scrutiny from human rights and press freedom groups, who say powerful players use it as a weapon to stifle free expression. The maximum sentence is two years in prison, along with a 200,000 baht fine. Earlier this year, a Thai journalist was sentenced to two years in prison for posting a tweet referencing a dispute over working conditions at a chicken farm owned by the Thammakaset company.

最近，泰国象岛海景度假酒店起诉一名美国人在猫途鹰旅游网站上恶意发表负面评论。根据泰国的反诽谤法，如果罪名成立，这名美国人将面临最高两年的监禁和20万泰铢的罚款。 泰国当局周六（9月26日）表示，一名美国人因在猫途鹰旅游网站发表负面评论而被泰国一家岛屿度假酒店起诉，如果罪名成立，他可能面临最高两年的监禁。 泰国新冠肺炎确诊病例相对较低，不少游客选择在国内旅游，当地人和外籍人士纷纷前往几乎无人的度假胜地，其中包括以沙滩和碧绿海水闻名的象岛。 turquoise [ˈtɜːkwɔɪz]：adj.蓝绿色的 但韦斯利·巴恩斯最近在岛上的海景度假酒店居住后遇到了麻烦，因为他在网上对这家酒店发表了一些差评。 象岛警方的塔纳朋·泰姆萨拉上校告诉法新社：“海景度假酒店的老板投诉被告在猫途鹰旅游网站上发布了不公平的评论。” 他说，巴恩斯被指控“损害了酒店的声誉”，还因未能支付自带酒水的开瓶费而与员工发生争执。 corkage [ˈkɔːkɪdʒ]：n.开瓶费 巴恩斯在泰国工作，他被移民警察逮捕并押送回象岛。他在那里被短暂拘留，然后被保释。 今年7月份，巴恩斯在猫途鹰旅游网站发布评论称，他遇到了“不友好的员工”，他们“表现得好像不希望任何客人来”。 海景度假酒店表示，之所以采取法律行动，是因为巴恩斯在过去几周内在不同的网站上发表了多篇评论。 今年6月，他曾在猫途鹰网站发帖指责这家酒店实行“现代奴隶制”，该网站在一周以违反规定为由将帖子删除。 该酒店表示：“我们选择投诉是为了起到威慑作用，因为我们知道，今后他可能会不停地发表负面评论。”酒店还表示，员工在投诉前曾试图联系巴恩斯。 泰国饱受争议的反诽谤法长期以来一直受到人权和新闻自由组织的密切关注，这些组织说，有权势的人物用它来扼杀言论自由。 巴恩斯最高将面临两年监禁，以及20万泰铢（约合人民币4.32万元）的罚款。 今年早些时候，一名泰国记者因在推特上转引谭曼卡塞公司养鸡场工作条件纠纷而被判处两年监禁。 英文来源：法新社 翻译&编辑：yaning

一项研究显示，在美国加利福尼亚州的旧金山湾，封城期间交通噪音的下降致使该地区的白冠麻雀改变了其叫声的音量和质量。它们用更轻柔的声音“歌唱”，歌声变得更美，而且传得更远。 Photo by Owen Yin on Unsplash San Francisco birds started singing differently in the quiet of the coronavirus lockdown, says a study in Science . 《科学》杂志的一项研究称，旧金山的鸟儿在安静的疫情封锁期间叫声发生了改变。 Before, urban white-crowned sparrow's breeding territories were almost three times as loud as rural territories, the study found. 研究发现，之前白冠麻雀在城内繁殖地区的噪音是乡下的三倍。 But during the pandemic, researchers noted that noise levels in urban areas were drastically lower. In fact, they were consistent with traffic flow in the mid-1950s. 但是在疫情期间，研究人员注意到，城区的噪音大大降低。事实上，这一噪音水平和上世纪50年代中期的交通噪音水平持平。 "In other words, the Covid-19 shutdown created a silent spring across the SF Bay Area," researchers noted. 研究人员指出：“换言之，疫情封锁给旧金山湾带来了一个安静的春天。” By analyzing traffic flow data from the Golden Gate Bridge, researchers found that vehicle crossings from April to May 2020 returned to levels not seen since 1954. While noise recordings are not available from the 1950s, researchers said this indicates that a brief but dramatic change in human behavior effectively erased more than a half-century of urban noise pollution. 通过分析金门大桥的车流量数据，研究人员发现，2020年四月至五月的车流量回落到了1954年以来的最低水平。尽管无法获得20世纪50年代的噪音资料，但研究人员表示，这表明人类行为的短时间剧变有效消除了持续半个多世纪的都市噪音污染。 Birds responded by producing higher performance songs at lower amplitudes, maximizing communication distance and salience. 鸟类对此的反应是用更低的振幅（音量）唱出更优美的歌声，更好地进行沟通，让叫声传到更远的距离。 "We found that birds sang more softly when noise levels were lower," researchers said in the study. 研究人员在报告中写道：“我们发现，当噪音水平降低时，鸟儿叫声更轻柔。” Even though the birds were singing more softly, the study found that communication distance nearly doubled, elevating species fitness and increasing mating potential. 虽然鸟儿用更轻柔的声音唱歌，但研究发现它们的沟通距离几乎翻倍，增强了物种的体力，提高了交配的可能性。 "In addition, the signal-to-noise ratio doubled, which helps explain media reports suggesting that bird songs sounded louder during the shutdown," the researchers said. 研究人员称：“此外，信号噪声比的加倍有助于解释媒体关于鸟叫声在封锁期间听起来更嘹亮的报道。” 英文来源：美国有线电视新闻网 翻译&编辑：丹妮

Photo by Owen Yin on Unsplash San Francisco birds started singing differently in the quiet of the coronavirus lockdown, says a study in Science . Before, urban white-crowned sparrow's breeding territories were almost three times as loud as rural territories, the study found. But during the pandemic, researchers noted that noise levels in urban areas were drastically lower. In fact, they were consistent with traffic flow in the mid-1950s. "In other words, the Covid-19 shutdown created a silent spring across the SF Bay Area," researchers noted. By analyzing traffic flow data from the Golden Gate Bridge, researchers found that vehicle crossings from April to May 2020 returned to levels not seen since 1954. While noise recordings are not available from the 1950s, researchers said this indicates that a brief but dramatic change in human behavior effectively erased more than a half-century of urban noise pollution. Birds responded by producing higher performance songs at lower amplitudes, maximizing communication distance and salience. "We found that birds sang more softly when noise levels were lower," researchers said in the study. Even though the birds were singing more softly, the study found that communication distance nearly doubled, elevating species fitness and increasing mating potential. "In addition, the signal-to-noise ratio doubled, which helps explain media reports suggesting that bird songs sounded louder during the shutdown," the researchers said.

一项研究显示，在美国加利福尼亚州的旧金山湾，封城期间交通噪音的下降致使该地区的白冠麻雀改变了其叫声的音量和质量。它们用更轻柔的声音“歌唱”，歌声变得更美，而且传得更远。 《科学》杂志的一项研究称，旧金山的鸟儿在安静的疫情封锁期间叫声发生了改变。 研究发现，之前白冠麻雀在城内繁殖地区的噪音是乡下的三倍。 但是在疫情期间，研究人员注意到，城区的噪音大大降低。事实上，这一噪音水平和上世纪50年代中期的交通噪音水平持平。 研究人员指出：“换言之，疫情封锁给旧金山湾带来了一个安静的春天。” 通过分析金门大桥的车流量数据，研究人员发现，2020年四月至五月的车流量回落到了1954年以来的最低水平。尽管无法获得20世纪50年代的噪音资料，但研究人员表示，这表明人类行为的短时间剧变有效消除了持续半个多世纪的都市噪音污染。 鸟类对此的反应是用更低的振幅（音量）唱出更优美的歌声，更好地进行沟通，让叫声传到更远的距离。 研究人员在报告中写道：“我们发现，当噪音水平降低时，鸟儿叫声更轻柔。” 虽然鸟儿用更轻柔的声音唱歌，但研究发现它们的沟通距离几乎翻倍，增强了物种的体力，提高了交配的可能性。 研究人员称：“此外，信号噪声比的加倍有助于解释媒体关于鸟叫声在封锁期间听起来更嘹亮的报道。” 英文来源：美国有线电视新闻网 翻译&编辑：丹妮

欧盟当地时间9月24日升高了对新冠疫情的警报，称多个成员国目前的情况比春季的疫情高峰更加严重。欧盟呼吁成员国“立即”加强管控措施，以应对新的新冠病毒传染源。 People enjoy the view at the Gianicolo hill in Rome, Italy, on May 8, 2020. [Photo/Agencies] The European Commission urged EU members states Thursday to better explain and enforce social distancing and hygiene rules to halt a dangerous new wave of coronavirus infections. 欧盟委员会本周四（9月24日）敦促欧盟各成员国更好地解释和执行社交距离和卫生规定，以阻止新的一波危险的新冠病毒感染。 Health commissioner Stella Kyriakides said: "In some member states, the situation is now even worse than during the peak in March. This is a real cause for concern. 负责卫生事务的欧盟委员斯泰拉·基里亚基季斯说：“在某些国家，如今的形势比3月份（疫情）高峰时还要糟糕，因此非常令人担忧。” "All member states need to roll out measures immediately and at the right time at the very first sign of potential new outbreaks." “所有成员国都需要在潜在新疫情刚刚出现迹象时立即采取措施。” Europe has now had more than five million coronavirus cases, and several countries have begun reimposing local lockdown rules to head off a return to uncontrolled spread. 欧洲新冠肺炎确诊病例已超过500万例，一些国家已经开始重新实施当地的封锁规定，以防止病毒的扩散再次失控。 The death rate has not returned to the levels seen earlier this year, but cases of new infections are soaring once again in many areas. 欧洲新冠肺炎死亡率尚未回升至今年早些时候的水平，但在许多地区，新增感染病例数再次飙升。 Eight major cities in France including Paris will see new restrictions, including limitations on public gatherings to 10 people and earlier closing hours for bars. 在法国，包括巴黎在内的8个主要城市将实施新的限制措施，包括公共集会不得超过10人，酒吧关门时间提前。 The Madrid region, the heart of an explosion of infections in Spain, has already locked down roughly 850,000 people. 马德里地区是西班牙新冠疫情暴发的中心地带，该地区的封锁措施影响了大约85万人。 On Thursday, Germany reported 2,143 new cases and 19 more deaths, according to the disease control agency Robert Koch Institute. 据疾病控制机构罗伯特·科赫研究所称，本周四德国新增新冠病例2143例，新增死亡病例19例。 As a result, Munich -- Germany's third-largest city -- has made face masks compulsory in some busy outdoor spaces and is considering a targeted alcohol ban. 因此，德国第三大城市慕尼黑规定，在一些繁忙的户外场所人们必须戴口罩，并考虑出台有针对性的禁酒令。 Germany also this week added a slew of popular destinations, including Copenhagen, Dublin and the United Arab Emirates, to its list of foreign locations that require travellers to self-isolate or get tested when returning to Germany. 德国本周还将哥本哈根、都柏林和阿拉伯联合酋长国等一系列热门旅游目的地列入要求游客在返回德国时进行自我隔离或接受检测的外国目的地名单。 But Kyriakides, whose office has sought to coordinate the response across the 27 member states, warned that some areas had clearly begun to lift restrictions too soon. 但基里亚基季斯警告说，一些地区显然已经开始过早解除限制措施。基里亚基季斯的办公室试图协调欧盟27个成员国的应对行动。 "What this means, to be very clear, is that the control measures taken have simply not being effective enough or not being enforced or followed as they should have been," she said. 她说：“很明显，这意味着采取的控制措施不够有效，或者没有得到应有的执行和遵守。” "We cannot lower our guard. This crisis is not behind us. Moreover, winter is the time of the year for more respiratory illnesses, including seasonal influenza." “我们不能放松警惕。这场危机并没有过去。此外，冬季是一年中呼吸系统疾病多发的季节，包括季节性流感。” And she warned: "Today we're here to call on everyone to act decisively... it might be our last chance to prevent a repeat of last spring." 她警告说：“今天我们在这里呼吁大家果断采取行动……这可能是我们防止重蹈春天覆辙的最后机会。” Kyriakides said that member state governments would have to fight misinformation about the virus and reach out to young people to head off protests and conspiracy theories. 基里亚基季斯说，成员国政府必须与有关病毒的错误信息作斗争，并与年轻人接触，以阻止抗议和阴谋论。 And she warned they will have to act quickly to prevent a need for a return to generalised lockdowns, which she said would hurt the economy, education and the mental health of the public. 她警告说，他们必须迅速采取行动，以防必须恢复全面封锁。她说，全面封锁将损害经济、教育和公众的心理健康。 英文来源：法新社、RFI 翻译&编辑：yaning

People enjoy the view at the Gianicolo hill in Rome, Italy, on May 8, 2020. [Photo/Agencies] The European Commission urged EU members states Thursday to better explain and enforce social distancing and hygiene rules to halt a dangerous new wave of coronavirus infections. Health commissioner Stella Kyriakides said: "In some member states, the situation is now even worse than during the peak in March. This is a real cause for concern. "All member states need to roll out measures immediately and at the right time at the very first sign of potential new outbreaks." Europe has now had more than five million coronavirus cases, and several countries have begun reimposing local lockdown rules to head off a return to uncontrolled spread. The death rate has not returned to the levels seen earlier this year, but cases of new infections are soaring once again in many areas. Eight major cities in France including Paris will see new restrictions, including limitations on public gatherings to 10 people and earlier closing hours for bars. The Madrid region, the heart of an explosion of infections in Spain, has already locked down roughly 850,000 people. On Thursday, Germany reported 2,143 new cases and 19 more deaths, according to the disease control agency Robert Koch Institute. As a result, Munich -- Germany's third-largest city -- has made face masks compulsory in some busy outdoor spaces and is considering a targeted alcohol ban. Germany also this week added a slew of popular destinations, including Copenhagen, Dublin and the United Arab Emirates, to its list of foreign locations that require travellers to self-isolate or get tested when returning to Germany. But Kyriakides, whose office has sought to coordinate the response across the 27 member states, warned that some areas had clearly begun to lift restrictions too soon. "What this means, to be very clear, is that the control measures taken have simply not being effective enough or not being enforced or followed as they should have been," she said. "We cannot lower our guard. This crisis is not behind us. Moreover, winter is the time of the year for more respiratory illnesses, including seasonal influenza." And she warned: "Today we're here to call on everyone to act decisively... it might be our last chance to prevent a repeat of last spring." Kyriakides said that member state governments would have to fight misinformation about the virus and reach out to young people to head off protests and conspiracy theories. And she warned they will have to act quickly to prevent a need for a return to generalised lockdowns, which she said would hurt the economy, education and the mental health of the public.

欧盟当地时间9月24日升高了对新冠疫情的警报，称多个成员国目前的情况比春季的疫情高峰更加严重。欧盟呼吁成员国“立即”加强管控措施，以应对新的新冠病毒传染源。 欧盟委员会本周四（9月24日）敦促欧盟各成员国更好地解释和执行社交距离和卫生规定，以阻止新的一波危险的新冠病毒感染。 负责卫生事务的欧盟委员斯泰拉·基里亚基季斯说：“在某些国家，如今的形势比3月份（疫情）高峰时还要糟糕，因此非常令人担忧。” “所有成员国都需要在潜在新疫情刚刚出现迹象时立即采取措施。” 欧洲新冠肺炎确诊病例已超过500万例，一些国家已经开始重新实施当地的封锁规定，以防止病毒的扩散再次失控。 欧洲新冠肺炎死亡率尚未回升至今年早些时候的水平，但在许多地区，新增感染病例数再次飙升。 在法国，包括巴黎在内的8个主要城市将实施新的限制措施，包括公共集会不得超过10人，酒吧关门时间提前。 马德里地区是西班牙新冠疫情暴发的中心地带，该地区的封锁措施影响了大约85万人。 据疾病控制机构罗伯特·科赫研究所称，本周四德国新增新冠病例2143例，新增死亡病例19例。 因此，德国第三大城市慕尼黑规定，在一些繁忙的户外场所人们必须戴口罩，并考虑出台有针对性的禁酒令。 德国本周还将哥本哈根、都柏林和阿拉伯联合酋长国等一系列热门旅游目的地列入要求游客在返回德国时进行自我隔离或接受检测的外国目的地名单。 但基里亚基季斯警告说，一些地区显然已经开始过早解除限制措施。基里亚基季斯的办公室试图协调欧盟27个成员国的应对行动。 她说：“很明显，这意味着采取的控制措施不够有效，或者没有得到应有的执行和遵守。” “我们不能放松警惕。这场危机并没有过去。此外，冬季是一年中呼吸系统疾病多发的季节，包括季节性流感。” 她警告说：“今天我们在这里呼吁大家果断采取行动……这可能是我们防止重蹈春天覆辙的最后机会。” 基里亚基季斯说，成员国政府必须与有关病毒的错误信息作斗争，并与年轻人接触，以阻止抗议和阴谋论。 她警告说，他们必须迅速采取行动，以防必须恢复全面封锁。她说，全面封锁将损害经济、教育和公众的心理健康。 英文来源：法新社、RFI 翻译&编辑：yaning

小时候父母都不让我们打电子游戏，觉得打游戏是浪费时间，会荒废学业，但是如今新研究指出，小时候玩电子游戏的人长大后的工作记忆力更强、反应更快。 The results show that people without experience of playing video games as a child did not benefit from improvements in processing and inhibiting irrelevant stimuli. Image is in the public domain. A number of studies have shown how playing video games can lead to structural changes in the brain, including increasing the size of some regions, or to functional changes, such as activating the areas responsible for attention or visual-spatial skills. New research from the Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC) has gone further to show how cognitive changes can take place even years after people stop playing. 大量研究表明，玩电子游戏会导致脑结构变化，包括增加某些区域的大小，或导致大脑产生功能性改变，如激活负责注意力或视觉空间技能的区域。加泰罗尼亚欧贝塔大学的最新研究进一步表明，即使不玩游戏好几年后，其导致的认知变化也会发生。 This is one of the conclusions from the article published in Frontiers in Human Neuroscience . The study involved 27 people between the ages of 18 and 40 with and without any kind of experience with video gaming. 这是一篇发表在《人类神经科学前沿》上的论文得出的一个结论。该研究涉及27位年龄在18至40岁之间的人，他们当中的一部分人完全没碰过电子游戏。 "People who were avid gamers before adolescence, despite no longer playing, performed better with the working memory tasks, which require mentally holding and manipulating information to get a result,” said Marc Palaus, the author of the study. 论文作者马克·帕劳斯表示：“那些在青春期以前热爱玩游戏的人，尽管现在不再玩游戏，但他们在工作记忆任务中表现更好，而这需要注意力更集中、信息获取能力更强。” The results show that people without experience of playing video games as a child did not benefit from improvements in processing and inhibiting irrelevant stimuli. Indeed, they were slower than those who had played games as children, which matched what had been seen in earlier studies. 结果表明，儿童时期没有电子游戏经验的人无法从中获得优化脑部处理能力和抑制无关刺激的效果。他们比儿时玩游戏的人反应更慢，这与早先的研究结果吻合。 Likewise, “people who played regularly as children performed better from the outset in processing 3D objects, although these differences were mitigated after the period of training in video gaming, when both groups showed similar levels,” said Palaus. 帕劳斯称：“从小经常玩电子游戏的人从一开始就在处理3D任务方面表现更好，不过经过电子游戏训练后，两组表现出相似的水平，差距得以缩小。” The study lasted a month and the researchers analysed participants’ cognitive skills, including working memory, at three points: before starting the training in video gaming, at the end of the training, and fifteen days later. The video game used was Nintendo’s Super Mario 64. 这项研究历时一个月，研究人员分三次评估了参与者的工作记忆等认知技能：开始进行电子游戏培训之前，培训结束时，以及培训结束十五天之后。使用的电子游戏是任天堂的超级马里奥64。 The study also included 10 sessions of transcranial magnetic stimulation. This is non-invasive brain stimulation through the skin that temporarily changes the brain’s activity. 研究过程中还对参与者进行了10次经颅磁刺激。这是通过皮肤进行的非侵入性大脑刺激，可暂时改变大脑活动的模式。 "It uses magnetic waves which, when applied to the surface of the skull, are able to produce electrical currents in underlying neural populations and modify their activity,” explained Palaus. 帕劳斯解释说：“使用电磁波，将其施加到颅骨表面时，能够在潜在的神经群中产生电流并改变其活动。” The researchers wanted to find out if combining video gaming and this kind of stimulation would improve cognitive performance, but that didn’t turn out to be the case. 研究人员想知道将电子游戏与经颅刺激相结合是否能改善认知能力，结果发现并不能。 "We aimed to achieve lasting changes. Under normal circumstances, the effects of this stimulation can last from milliseconds to tens of minutes. We wanted to achieve improved performance of certain brain functions that lasted longer than this,” said Palaus. 帕劳斯说：“我们的目标是实现持久的改善。在正常情况下，这种刺激的效果可以持续几毫秒到几十分钟。我们希望提高某些大脑功能的表现，并持续更长的时间。” According to Palaus, what most video games have in common is that they involve elements that make people want to continue playing, and that they gradually get harder and present a constant challenge. “These two things are enough to make it an attractive and motivating activity, which, in turn, requires constant and intense use of our brain’s resources.” 根据帕劳斯所说，游戏的最大共同点是，它们包含使人们想要玩下去的元素，而且逐渐变得越来越难，并提出了持续的挑战。“这两件事足以使它具有吸引力和激励性，反过来又需要不断地高强度地使用我们的大脑资源。” "Video games are a perfect recipe for strengthening our cognitive skills, almost without our noticing,” he said. 帕劳斯指出：“电子游戏是增强我们认知能力的完美秘诀，潜移默化地发挥着作用。” 来源：neurosciencenews、煎蛋网 编译：丹妮

The results show that people without experience of playing video games as a child did not benefit from improvements in processing and inhibiting irrelevant stimuli. Image is in the public domain. A number of studies have shown how playing video games can lead to structural changes in the brain, including increasing the size of some regions, or to functional changes, such as activating the areas responsible for attention or visual-spatial skills. New research from the Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC) has gone further to show how cognitive changes can take place even years after people stop playing. This is one of the conclusions from the article published in Frontiers in Human Neuroscience . The study involved 27 people between the ages of 18 and 40 with and without any kind of experience with video gaming. "People who were avid gamers before adolescence, despite no longer playing, performed better with the working memory tasks, which require mentally holding and manipulating information to get a result,” said Marc Palaus, the author of the study. The results show that people without experience of playing video games as a child did not benefit from improvements in processing and inhibiting irrelevant stimuli. Indeed, they were slower than those who had played games as children, which matched what had been seen in earlier studies. Likewise, “people who played regularly as children performed better from the outset in processing 3D objects, although these differences were mitigated after the period of training in video gaming, when both groups showed similar levels,” said Palaus. The study lasted a month and the researchers analysed participants’ cognitive skills, including working memory, at three points: before starting the training in video gaming, at the end of the training, and fifteen days later. The video game used was Nintendo’s Super Mario 64. The study also included 10 sessions of transcranial magnetic stimulation. This is non-invasive brain stimulation through the skin that temporarily changes the brain’s activity. "It uses magnetic waves which, when applied to the surface of the skull, are able to produce electrical currents in underlying neural populations and modify their activity,” explained Palaus. The researchers wanted to find out if combining video gaming and this kind of stimulation would improve cognitive performance, but that didn’t turn out to be the case. "We aimed to achieve lasting changes. Under normal circumstances, the effects of this stimulation can last from milliseconds to tens of minutes. We wanted to achieve improved performance of certain brain functions that lasted longer than this,” said Palaus. According to Palaus, what most video games have in common is that they involve elements that make people want to continue playing, and that they gradually get harder and present a constant challenge. “These two things are enough to make it an attractive and motivating activity, which, in turn, requires constant and intense use of our brain’s resources.” "Video games are a perfect recipe for strengthening our cognitive skills, almost without our noticing,” he said.

小时候父母都不让我们打电子游戏，觉得打游戏是浪费时间，会荒废学业，但是如今新研究指出，小时候玩电子游戏的人长大后的工作记忆力更强、反应更快。 大量研究表明，玩电子游戏会导致脑结构变化，包括增加某些区域的大小，或导致大脑产生功能性改变，如激活负责注意力或视觉空间技能的区域。加泰罗尼亚欧贝塔大学的最新研究进一步表明，即使不玩游戏好几年后，其导致的认知变化也会发生。 这是一篇发表在《人类神经科学前沿》上的论文得出的一个结论。该研究涉及27位年龄在18至40岁之间的人，他们当中的一部分人完全没碰过电子游戏。 论文作者马克·帕劳斯表示：“那些在青春期以前热爱玩游戏的人，尽管现在不再玩游戏，但他们在工作记忆任务中表现更好，而这需要注意力更集中、信息获取能力更强。” 结果表明，儿童时期没有电子游戏经验的人无法从中获得优化脑部处理能力和抑制无关刺激的效果。他们比儿时玩游戏的人反应更慢，这与早先的研究结果吻合。 帕劳斯称：“从小经常玩电子游戏的人从一开始就在处理3D任务方面表现更好，不过经过电子游戏训练后，两组表现出相似的水平，差距得以缩小。” 这项研究历时一个月，研究人员分三次评估了参与者的工作记忆等认知技能：开始进行电子游戏培训之前，培训结束时，以及培训结束十五天之后。使用的电子游戏是任天堂的超级马里奥64。 研究过程中还对参与者进行了10次经颅磁刺激。这是通过皮肤进行的非侵入性大脑刺激，可暂时改变大脑活动的模式。 帕劳斯解释说：“使用电磁波，将其施加到颅骨表面时，能够在潜在的神经群中产生电流并改变其活动。” 研究人员想知道将电子游戏与经颅刺激相结合是否能改善认知能力，结果发现并不能。 帕劳斯说：“我们的目标是实现持久的改善。在正常情况下，这种刺激的效果可以持续几毫秒到几十分钟。我们希望提高某些大脑功能的表现，并持续更长的时间。” 根据帕劳斯所说，游戏的最大共同点是，它们包含使人们想要玩下去的元素，而且逐渐变得越来越难，并提出了持续的挑战。“这两件事足以使它具有吸引力和激励性，反过来又需要不断地高强度地使用我们的大脑资源。” 帕劳斯指出：“电子游戏是增强我们认知能力的完美秘诀，潜移默化地发挥着作用。” 来源：neurosciencenews、煎蛋网 编译：丹妮