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Erkerode - Wikipedia | Erkerode is a small village and a community in the District of Wolfenbüttel, in the south-east of Lower Saxony, Germany. It is nearly 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) south-east of Braunschweig. The Elm, a range of forested hills, is close by.
The town of Erkerode was first mentioned in historic documents in 1175 (Erikeroth). The village belonged to the noble family of Veltheim since the 12th century. It was part of the court of Destedt. There are still many medieval farm houses of various types to be seen in the village today.
This Wolfenbüttel district location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. | 2023-08-27 17:05:26 |
Tverreggtelen Hill - Wikipedia | Tverreggtelen Hill ( WikiMiniAtlas73°24′S 3°33′W / 73.400°S 3.550°W / -73.400; -3.550) is a hill immediately southeast of Tverregga Spur in the Kirwan Escarpment, Queen Maud Land. Mapped by Norwegian cartographers from surveys and air photos by Norwegian-British-Swedish Antarctic Expedition (NBSAE) (1949–52) and additional air photos (1958–59), and named in association with Tverregga Spur.
This article incorporates public domain material from "Tverreggtelen Hill". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
This Princess Martha Coast location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. | 2023-08-27 17:05:30 |
Moringua macrochir - Wikipedia |
Moringua macrochir, the longfin spaghetti eel, is an eel in the family Moringuidae (spaghetti/worm eels).[1] It was described by Pieter Bleeker in 1855.[2] It is a tropical, marine and freshwater eel which is known from Batu Island, Indonesia, and Christmas Island, in the eastern Indian Ocean.
This Anguilliformes article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. | 2023-08-27 17:05:35 |
Malia, Crete - Wikipedia | Malia or Mallia (Greek: Μάλια) is a coastal town and a former municipality in the northeast corner of the Heraklion regional unit in Crete, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reforms, it is part of the municipality of Hersonissos, which it is a municipal unit.[2] It lies 34 kilometres (21 miles) east of Heraklion, the Cretan main city. The town (pop. 3,224 in 2011) was the seat of the municipality of Mália (pop. 5,433). The municipal unit also includes the villages of Mochos (Greek: Μοχός) (825), Krasi (Greek: Κράσι) (147), and Stalida (Greek: Σταλίδα) (1,237), and has a total land area of 60.720 square kilometres (23.444 sq mi).[3] The town is a tourist attraction, primarily for its significant archaeological site and nightlife. The Minoan town ruins lie three kilometres east of the site and cover an area of approximately 1 square kilometre (0.4 sq mi). The original name for the town is not known.
The palace of Malia, dating from the Middle Bronze Age, was destroyed by an earthquake during the Late Bronze Age;[4] Knossos and other sites were also destroyed at that time. The palace was later rebuilt toward the end of the Late Bronze Age. Most of the ruins visible today date from this second period of construction. The palace features a giant central courtyard, 48m x 23m in size. On the south side are two sets of steps leading upwards and a maze of tiny rooms. Also here is a strange carved stone called a kernos stone, which looks like a millstone with a cup attached to the side of it. On the north side of the courtyard were storage rooms with giant earthenware pithos jars, up to two metres tall. These were used for holding grain, olive oil and other liquids; the floor of these rooms has a complex drainage system for carrying away spilled liquids.
The palace of Malia was discovered in 1915 by Joseph Hadzidakis, a Greek archaeologist. It was fully excavated from 1922 onwards by the French School at Athens in collaboration with Greek scholars. In 1921 the French School of Athens was invited to continue its work, where under the direction of Jean Charbonneaux 1930 Central Court was exposed.
After the First World War, the excavations were continued under the direction of Fernand Chapouthier and Pierre Demargne. They uncovered the palace, and dug the surrounding residential neighborhood. In the 1950s, Micheline and Henri van Effenterre conducted the excavations at the "Crypt" and "Agora", Andre Dessene and Olivier Pelon on Quartier E, and Jean-Claude Poursat (from 1965) on important "Quartier Mu ". In 1981, Pascal and Claude Darcque Bourrain further investigated the NO corner of the palace. The soundings in the years 1981 and 1982, conducted by Olivier Pelon, have brought new insights into the precursors of the palace. Since 1988, the excavations of Alexandre Farnoux and Jan Driessen have been continued.
The Palace of Malia has a floor area of 7,500 m² and is oriented, as all Minoan palaces, on a north-south axis. With regard to design and equipment, it is smaller and more modest (rustic) compared to Knossos and Phaestos.
Several features stand out and immediately catch the eye, which distinguishes the "Palace of Malia" from all the others: the 8 kouloures or silos in the southwest corner, the oblique building in the north court, and the altar in the Central Court.
Around this Central Court the district or ensembles are arranged, whose communication was made possible through corridors and routes.
Each of these quarters has been assigned a specific function, but each of these chamber ensembles should be considered on its own, before it is placed in the overall plan.
Olivier Pelon differentiated 4 functional areas: representative, residential, cultic-religious and economic (Magazine)
From the Central Court, the rooms were centrifugally arranged. Thereby the typical projections and recesses of the Minoan Palace façades arise.
The façade was given a different meaning:
(>) Undoubtedly, the west façade is the most important in Malia.
In the center, it consists of carefully hewn cuboid blocks of sandstone, which are built on a base along the entire width. (Ashlar masonry) At edges with limestone blocks. They represent more than anything else the typical characteristics of Minoan façades, a series of pre- and recessed walls.
(>) The west façade is preceded by a large courtyard, the West Court. (100 m long and 20 m wide). Pelon constitutes a transition zone of settlement and palace, between civil and political, between the profane and the religious areas. Originally, the whole West Court was created as Kalderim, moreover, it is traversed by 1.05 m wide limestone plates
This way, the "raised walks" are often used as processional paths, dubbed, but generally seem to lead to the main points of the building.
The West Court is bounded on the north and south with interesting complexes:
in the north by the much discussed ensemble, "Hypostyle Crypt" an escape to space, which is connected underground with a number of magazine spaces whose floors are stuccoed, provided with gutter and sump. The excavator Henri van Effenterre supposed therein a gathering of 2 councils, the elderly and the young, who reigned over the city at the time of the first palaces.
In the south, large storage rooms were partially exposed that were not architecturally connected to the palace, but apparently had a close relationship in the Protopalatial time. Some of these rooms still contain numerous Pithoi.
→1) Date:
By soundings following dating has revealed:
1. There is a core of EMIII-MMIA (mid 3rd millennium/ 2300–1900 BCE), i.e. there is a period prepalatiale taken along the west façade (Quarter I) but also in the north of the Central Court (Quartier IX)
2. The construction of the first palace building in the Old Palaces MMIB-MMII (1900–1700) has an area of analog New Palaces Period.
3. In the New Palace Period there is a succession of two major phases (in MMIII and LMIA 1700–1450 BCE.
The first palace was in MMIB – MMII c. 1900 BCE built, which was probably destroyed by an earthquake in 1700 BCE.
During this time, we will find an urban center with settlements, the palace, villas, workshops and cemeteries. From this stage – by the soundings lately – unfortunately, very little is visible in the palace (Schedule I).
But the northwest surrounding the palace building complexes as "Hypostyle Crypt", "Agora" and the "Quartier Mu" demonstrate the "political center" at this time.
The New Palace, whose ruins are still visible today, was built in MMIII about 1650 BCE. And at about 1450 BCE in LMIA, finally destroyed as Phaestos, Zakros. Most likely, the volcanic eruption of Thera is to be regarded as the cause or the subsequent earthquake or a parallel invasion of Mycenaeans from mainland.
Importantly, the palace was surrounded by a Minoan town which has only recently been uncovered. Excavation is ongoing. Important parts of the old and new excavations are covered by a series of large semi-transparent roofs, which protect them from the elements. In places tourists are allowed to wander among the ruins; in others, walkways allow passage above. There are rooms which have been identified as metal workshops, ceramic workshops and meeting rooms; there is also a large residential dwelling with en-suite bath, which is similar to a design at Phaistos, both taking advantage of expansive views.[5]
Modern day Malia is a holiday resort. Tourism and commerce are the main economic activities in the town, with hotels, restaurants, gift shops, bars and nightclubs. Malia has become one of the most popular tourist locations of Crete, and one of the most popular in Europe, rivalling Ibiza and Magaluf. It is mainly visited by young people from the United Kingdom and Northern Europe. The prominence of Malia as one of the leading spots for nightlife in Europe is cemented by the attraction of big name DJs and events. The Main Strip is home to many bars, clubs, taverns and restaurants. This is supported by the many close by hotels and apartments in Malia and the immediate area.
Malia has a fine sandy beach which starts from the bottom of the strip and continues towards the East near to the Minoan palace of Malia.
In the past, Malia town was well known for its agricultural products and its windmills. Today it is known for its crystal clear waters and its sandy beaches as well as its Minoan Palace of king Sarpidon, one of the three greatest Minoan palaces of Crete. The town of Malia is a well-known tourist destination that combines tradition with modern. These two different aspects of the town are separated by the main road, south of it is the old town with the picturesque alleyways built based on the traditional way and south of it, the new part of the town, full of countless bars and clubs where every visitor will enjoy the nightlife. The visitor, wandering in the alleyways of the old town, will admire traditional buildings (newly renovated with the help of locals and sarpidonistas volunteers), churches (some of them is dated back at Venetian age) and can also visit the traditional taverns and restaurants. In the new part of the town, visitors during the day can shop, but also can enjoy the nightlife, either on one of the numerous cafes or at the restaurants with traditional cuisine.
Malia was also the setting for 2011 British comedy film The Inbetweeners Movie, in which the four main characters went on a lads' holiday. Through the years Malia has become increasingly popular, outgrowing other holiday resorts such as Ayia Napa and Zante. An independent review of booking numbers from many travel agents discovered that the resort of Malia looks to be the most popular among young adults of 2013.
Krasi village is located 46.3 km southeast of Heraklion city and just 6 km south of Malia town, in the inland of Hersonissos Municipality at an altitude of 600 m. Its villagers are involved in agricultural production, in particular in olive growing and livestock,. A point of interest of the village is the square, with its three ancient plane trees that decorate the square. On the south side of the village is the ‘‘Megalh Vrish- Ydragogio’’ fountain, that to this day provides endless water to the local agricultural irrigation system and for the wider area. The church of Metamorphosis Sotiros, in the village, features frescoes and wooden carved temple inside. The archaeological site of the area is the ‘‘Protominoikos Tafos,’’ a tomb that was discovered in 1929 by Spiridon Marinatos, and is dated before the Minoan era. Krasi has a long and magnificent tradition in music and dancers.
Mochos village is located 12 km south of Stalis village, on the mountain side 45 km southeast of Heraklion city, in the inland of Hersonissos Municipality at an altitude of 400 m. A traditional village; which preserves its 16th century architecture, with a magnificent village square. Every year on the 15th of August, the celebration of Virgin Mary take place, and a vast number of people gather in her honour, to feast on traditional delights and drink to the sound of Cretan traditional music and dance till the early morning hours. A worthwhile visit to the Folklore Museum of Mochos, where a traditional Cretan house is presented as well as a number of tools and objects from old traditional occupations.
Stalis village is located 31 km east of Heraklion city and 3 km east and of Hersonissos village and 3 km from Malia town. It is a resort by the sea with accommodation facilities, shops, and sightseeing not only on its coastline but also on the south hillside of its area. It is an ideal destination for families, due to its relaxing atmosphere satisfying number of fully organized and beautiful beaches as well as taverns, cafes and restaurants. It is a breath away from, the more intense, nightlife of Malia and Hersonissos that visitors may seek. Easy and fast access is one of the advantages of Stalis, to its accommodation facilities and beaches, with the characteristic example of Foinikas beach an outstanding crystal clear water beach, fully organized with courts and areas for tennis, volley and water sports. The picture of this particular beach closes with the Cretan palm trees that spread across its area. In conclusion, a must see experience is the Xwrodeion event that take place on the 12th of August in the courtyard of Agios Ioannis church, where visitors will see and admire Cretan traditional costumes, dances, music and the making of local traditional delights. The entrance is free for this event.
This Minoan Palace is situated 3 km east of Malia town and is the third most significant known Minoan Palace after Knossos and Phaistos. It is known for its strategic port and for its characteristic large central courtyard, the centerpiece of the complex, the stairwells, the skylights, polythira, monumental façades and, on each side, rooms for specific functions.
Krasi village is located in the mountains and it is distanced of about 10 km from the main town of Malia. Its square is naturally decorated with three enormous plane trees; the one in the middle is the biggest of them all and is considered to be one of the oldest plane trees in the Mediterranean. Opposite the majestic trees, two spectacular fountains stand to impress the visitors, giving a spectacular picture for everyone.
| 2023-08-27 17:05:38 |
Tenchūgumi incident - Wikipedia | The Tenchūgumi incident (天誅組の変, Tenchūgumi no Hen) was a military uprising of sonnō jōi (revere the Emperor and expel the barbarians) activists in Yamato Province, now Nara Prefecture, on 29 September 1863 (Bunkyū 3/8/17 in the old Japanese calendar), during the Bakumatsu period.[1][2]
Emperor Kōmei had issued a dispatch to shōgun Tokugawa Iemochi to expel the foreigners from Japan in early 1863. The shōgun answered with a visit to Kyoto in April, but he rejected the demands of the Jōi faction. On September 25 (8/13 in the old Japanese calendar) the emperor announced he would travel to Yamato province, to the grave of Emperor Jimmu, the mythical founder of Japan, to announce his dedication to the Jōi cause.
Following this, a group called Tenchūgumi consisting of 30 samurai and rōnin from Tosa and other fiefs marched into Yamato Province and took over the Magistrate office in Gojō.[3] They were led by Yoshimura Toratarō.
The next day, shogunate loyalists from Satsuma and Aizu reacted by expelling several imperial officials of the sonnō jōi faction from the Imperial Court in Kyoto, in the Bunkyū coup.
The shogunate sent troops to quell the Tenchūgumi, and they were finally defeated in September 1864.
This Japanese history–related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. | 2023-08-27 17:05:42 |
Linet Masai - Wikipedia |
Linet Chepkwemoi Masai (born 5 December 1989) is a Kenyan professional long-distance runner who competes in track and cross country running events. She won her first world title in the 10,000 metres at the 2009 World Championships in Athletics.
Masai became the world junior cross country champion in 2007 and set a world junior record for the 10,000 metres at the 2008 Summer Olympics, placing fourth in the final. In 2017 she was awarded the olympic bronze medal after the initial silver medallist Elvan Abeylegesse tested positive for a banned steroid in a retest of her 2007 doping sample, thus Masai became the first kenyan woman to medal in a 10,000m olympic event. She was the runner-up at the IAAF World Cross Country Championships three times consecutively from 2009 to 2011. At the 2011 World Championships in Athletics, she won her second world track medal, taking third in the 10,000 m.
Masai was born in Kapsokwony town, Mount Elgon District, and was raised in from Bugaa village, four kilometres away.[1] Born to John Barasa Masai and Leonida Cherop, she is the fourth born out of ten children.[2] She went to Kapsagom Primary School and then Bishop Okiring Secondary school from where she graduated in 2005. She started running in 2005, when her older brother Moses Ndiema Masai won 5000 and 10000 metres at the African Junior Championships, hoping she would emulate his success. Her younger siblings Dennis,[3] Ndiema[1] and Magdaline are also runners.[2] Their father John Barasa Masai is also a former runner,[2] while Ben Jipcho is their distant uncle.[1] She is based at the PACE Sports Management training camp in Kaptagat.
She won the women's junior race at the 2007 IAAF World Cross Country Championships held in Mombasa, Kenya. She finished fourth at the Kenyan trials for the 2007 World Championships 5000 metres race, missing the ticket to Osaka. She did, however, compete at the 2007 IAAF World Athletics Final, achieving two fourth places (3000 and 5000 metres).
Her breakthrough year came in 2008. In the spring she won the bronze medal in the senior race at the 2008 World Cross Country Championships. In the summer she competed at the Olympic Games, finishing third in the 10,000 metres in a new world junior record of 30:26.50 minutes. The previous record (30:31.55) was set by Huina Xing of China in 2003. It was also a new Kenyan record, the previous record (30:30.26) was held by Edith Masai and was set in 2005. Masai's national record stood for less than a year, since in June 2009 Florence Kiplagat posted 30:11.53 in Utrecht, the Netherlands[4]
In August 2009, Masai narrowly defeated Meselech Melkamu of Ethiopia in the final of the 10,000 metres at the 2009 IAAF World Championships in Athletics held in Berlin, Germany. The reigning 10000 metres Olympic and world champion Tirunesh Dibaba was sidelined due to injury. She was also awarded the Race Results Weekly Female Runner of the Year award and the Kenyan Sportswoman of the Year award in 2009.[5][6]
She began the buildup to her 2010 World Cross Country campaign with wins at the Cross Internacional Valle de Llodio and Cross Internacional de Soria, beating the rest of the field by some distance both times.[7] A win at the Cross Internacional de Itálica shortly after demonstrated her dominance of the Spanish circuit that year.[8] At the 2010 World Cross Country Championships, she started strongly and began to build up a lead in the final lap. However, Emily Chebet overtook her with a sprint finish to the race, leaving Masai as the runner-up for the second time in as many years.[9]
Later on that year she made her debut at the NYRR New York Mini 10K – her first competition on American soil. Masai outran Emily Chebet in the road running event to take the victory in a time of 30:48.[10] In August she signed up for the Women's 5K Challenge in London and comfortably beat Sylvia Kibet to win the race, reversing their positions from the previous year's competition.[11] She entered the 10,000 m at the 2010 African Championships in Athletics but Tirunesh Dibaba defended her title while the Kenyan left with a bronze medal.[12] At the Memorial van Damme (the final for the 2010 IAAF Diamond League) she finished third as compatriot Vivian Cheruiyot took the inaugural event title.[13]
She opened her cross country season with a win at the Cross de l'Acier in November.[14] She was the women's winner at the Great Edinburgh Cross Country in January 2011,[15] but had to settle for second at the Cross de Itálica behind Cheruiyot.[16] She defeated Cheruiyot to win at the Kenyan Cross Country Championships and set her eyes on the world title, saying that she remained bitter about not winning at the two previous competitions.[17] History repeated itself for a third time for Masai at the 2011 IAAF World Cross Country Championships as she led early on but was pushed into second place by a Kenyan rival yet again in the form of a quick-finishing Cheruiyot.[18] She repeated as New York Mini champion in June with half a minute to spare over runner-up Aheza Kiros.[19]
On the 2011 IAAF Diamond League circuit she placed in the top three in Shanghai, Eugene, and the final in Zürich, but was someway behind Vivian Cheruiyot, who defended her 5000 m title.[20] At the 2011 World Championships in Athletics, Masai entered both the 5000 m and 10,000 m events. Her attempted defence over the longer distance was thwarted by Cheruiyot: Masai was beaten into third place in a sprint finish, although this was part of a dominant Kenyan team which took the top four places.[21] She was amid the leading pack in the 5000 m race, but was again out-sprinted in the final stretch, leaving her in sixth place.
Her cross country season began well as she won both the Cross de Atapuerca and Cross de Itálica by large margins.[22][23] She finished behind Cheruiyot and Joyce Chepkirui at the World's Best 10K in February.[24] She had a comfortable win at the Great Manchester Run in May.[25] She failed to finish the Kenyan 10,000 m trial race in June, making it the first time since 2008 that she would not compete internationally in the event.[26] A seventh-place finish in the 5000 m at the Kenyan Olympic trials meant that she would not compete at the Olympics in any event.[27] She was third at the London Grand Prix in July – her only other 5000 m outing that year. She was runner-up at both the Cross de Atapuerca and the San Silvestre Vallecana.[28]
| 2023-08-27 17:05:47 |
Mefatha - Wikipedia | Mefatha is a town and commune in Médéa Province, Algeria. According to the 1998 census it has a population of 4442.[1]
WikiMiniAtlas35°53′01″N 2°55′54″E / 35.88361°N 2.93167°E / 35.88361; 2.93167
This article about a location in Médéa Province is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. | 2023-08-27 17:05:51 |
Scorpion pose - Wikipedia |
Scorpion pose or Vrischikasana is an inverted asana in modern yoga as exercise that combines a forearm balance and backbend;[1][2] the variant with hands rather than forearms on the floor, elbows bent, is called Ganda Bherundasana.[3] Light on Yoga treats both forearm and hand balance forms as variants of this pose. It is a part of the headstand cycle in some yoga traditions.[4][5]
A similar pose, Pincha Mayurasana or Feathered Peacock pose, is a forearm balance with the body raised and the legs straight, giving some resemblance to a peacock's tail. Its preparatory pose is variously called Ardha Pincha Mayurasana or Dolphin pose.
The name of this pose is from Sanskrit वृश्चिक vrschika, "scorpion", and आसन āsana, "posture" or "seat".[4] Pincha (Sanskrit पिञ्च Piñcha) means feathered.
The pose is not found in medieval hatha yoga texts, but is described in 20th-century manuals such as Light on Yoga.[6]
Because it requires strength, balance, and flexibility, Vrischikasana is described as an advanced posture:[4][7] The yoga specialist B. K. S. Iyengar's 1966 Light on Yoga grades it as level 32 out of 60.[6] In the basic pose, the body is balanced as in headstand, but the legs are bent and the back is lightly arched, and the head is lifted so that the body is supported only by the forearms.[4][5][8] A more advanced variant has the back arched further so the feet touch the top of the head.[4][9] A second advanced variant has the legs held straight out horizontally above the head and arms, resembling the scorpion's tail stretched in a threat posture forwards over its body.[4] The pose can also be executed in a variant with straight arms.[10][11] Whether resting on forearms (Pincha Mayurasana) or with arms in handstand, the asana can be worked towards with the use of a chair to support the feet.[12]
Light on Yoga distinguishes Vrischikasana I (forearm balance, feet on head, plates 536 and 537) and Vrischikasana II (handstand, feet on head, plate 538), describing the second as an "extremely difficult" balance. The placing of the feet on the head is stated to indicate an attempt to subjugate the ego with its "deadly" scorpionlike emotions.[6]
Ardha Pincha Mayurasana (Half Feathered Peacock pose), also called Dolphin pose, has the forearms on the floor as for the full pose, but the feet remain on the floor as in Downward Dog Pose.[13][14]
The pose may be begun with the body nearly horizontal, much as in Caturanga Dandasana, Low Plank Pose, and the legs may then be walked forwards to raise the back to a high angle. A dolphin exercise alternates repeatedly between the low variant, with the head in front of the hands and the elbows flexed, and the high variant, with the hips raised and the head behind the hands.[15]
One leg may be raised in line with the body (One-legged Dolphin pose).[16]
The full pose can be approached with the hands near a wall, and the legs can be jumped up to rest on the wall; a further step, with the body vertical, is to bend the knees so that the feet are flat on the wall; then balance can be explored, raising one foot to the vertical.[17] Props may be used to assist with alignment: a block may be placed against the wall, between the hands; a strap may be fastened around the arms just above the elbows.[17]
Practitioners are cautioned not to attempt the full balance away from the wall until they are not using props and have the strength and flexibility to land safely if they fall; this requires the ability to perform backarches such as Urdhva Dhanurasana, Upwards Bow pose.[17]
Pincha Mayurasana (Feathered Peacock pose), is a forearm balance similar to Vrischikasana, but the legs are straight, stretched up over the head, with the back less extremely arched.[18][19][20] According to B. K. S Iyengar's Light on Yoga, this pose is reminiscent of a peacock beginning a dance during the monsoon, where the peacock raises the tail and opens the feathers.[21]
Sayanasana (Posture of Repose) is the same as Pincha Mayurasana, but with only the elbows on the ground, the hands cradling the face, making it a difficult balance.[20]
Ganda Bherundasana (Formidable Face pose) is similar to Pincha Mayurasana but with bent arms and only the hands on the ground; the back is lightly arched and the legs and feet point vertically upwards. It may be practised with a block under the shoulders.[3]
Ganda Bherundasana uses hand rather than forearm balance
Pincha Mayurasana
Pincha Mayurasana with legs in lotus position
In 2022, the Indian yoga teacher Yash Moradiya held the pose for 29 minutes and 4 seconds, as measured by Guinness World Records in Dubai, UAE.[22]
| 2023-08-27 17:05:54 |
Marcos Gusmão - Wikipedia | Marcos Gusmão (born 22 May 1966 in São Paulo) is a Brazilian professional football manager. He has been the manager of the Papua New Guinea national team since 2021.
From 2004 until 2007 he coached the Papua New Guinea national football team being in charge of one match.[1][2]
He was reappointed to the position in December 2021.[3]
This biographical article related to association football in Brazil is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. | 2023-08-27 17:05:57 |
Pogost Ilyinsky, Sokolsky District, Vologda Oblast - Wikipedia | Pogost Ilyinsky (Russian: Погост Ильинский) is a rural locality (a selo) in Kadnikov, Sokolsky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia. The population was 3 as of 2002.[2]
The distance to Sokol is 16 km, to Kadnikov is 3 km. Tenkovo is the nearest rural locality.
This Sokolsky District, Vologda Oblast location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. | 2023-08-27 17:06:01 |
Me Traicionaste - Wikipedia | "Me Traicionaste" is a song recorded by Spanish singer Rosalía and Peruvian singer-songwriter A.Chal. It was released on April 26, 2019 through Columbia Records simultaneously with the Game of Thrones companion soundtrack, For the Throne: Music Inspired by the HBO Series.
On April 9, 2019, it was announced that the iconic HBO show Game of Thrones would have its own companion soundtrack.[1] The soundtrack was set to be released on April 26, 2019, two weeks later than the show's eighth season premiere.[2][3]
Ryan Dombal of Pitchfork praised the track and Rosalía's performance in an otherwise highly negative review of its parent album, stating that it "offers a dark, piercing sensuality" and "comes close to matching the shadowy Game of Thrones mood millions have fallen for," but was highly critical of A.Chal's "pointless" verse.[4] Danny Schwartz of Highsnobiety expressed a similar sentiment, writing that the Peruvian rapper spoiled the lead artist's "exquisite flamenco".[5] Stefanie Fernández, writing for NPR, called the track a "soundtrack standout" due to its production and "uncanny relevance to Arya Stark and her kill list",[6] while Billboard's Judy Cantor-Navas described it as "darkly intriguing."[7] GQ placed the song on its weekly best songs list, with Colin Groundwater calling it a "solid slow burner that continues the Spanish pop star's winning streak."[8]
| 2023-08-27 17:06:05 |
Cloud seeding in the United Arab Emirates - Wikipedia | Cloud seeding in the United Arab Emirates is a strategy used by the government to address water challenges in the country. Cloud seeding is also referred to as man made precipitation and artificial rain making.[1] The United Arab Emirates is one of the first countries in the Persian Gulf region to use cloud seeding technology. UAE scientists use cloud seeding technology to supplement the country's water insecurity, which stems from the extremely hot climate.[2] They use weather radar to continuously monitor the atmosphere of the country.[3] Forecasters and scientists have estimated that cloud seeding operations can enhance rainfall by as much as 30-35% percent in a clear atmosphere, and up to 10-15% in a more humid atmosphere.[4] This practice has caused concerns regarding the impact on the environment because it is difficult to predict the long-term global implications.[5] The UAE has an arid climate with less than 100mm per year of rainfall, a high evaporation rate of surface water and a low groundwater recharge rate. Rainfall in the UAE has been fluctuating over the last few decades in winter season between December and March.
The climate of the UAE is a very dry region aside from the coast and the border of the UAE and Oman, where there is high humidity.[6] The UAE is located in a dust hotspot that contributes to the arid climate.[7] There is little to no rainfall, due to frontal systems from the west and northwest, which yields few inches of rainfall per year.[6][5] This lack of rainfall has scientists and the government worried about water security in the future.[5]
Due to industrialization and population growth, the demand for water has rapidly increased.[7] Current resources are being depleted and scarcity issues are arising.[8][6] As a result, the UAE is looking to cloud seeding technologies to increase water security as well as renewability to combat water and food scarcity that may arise.[8][9]
Scientists have been experimenting with cloud seeding technology since the 1940s.[10] The cloud-seeding program in the UAE was initiated in the late 1990s, as one of the first Middle Eastern countries to utilize this technique.[11] In 2005, the UAE launched the UAE Prize for Excellence in Advancing the Science and Practice of Weather Modification in collaboration with the World Meteorological Organization[12] (WMO). In 2010, cloud seeding began as a project by weather authorities to create artificial rain.[13] The project, which began in July 2010 and cost $11 million USD, succeeded in creating rain storms in the Dubai and Abu Dhabi deserts.[14]
The UAE government developed a research program called the UAE Research Program for Rain Enhancement Science (UAEREP) in 2015.[11][7] It allows scientists and researchers to pitch their potential solutions and conduct research to improve the accuracy of cloud seeding technology.[15] After pitching research proposals, scientists are awarded grants through the UAEREP.[7] Among its key goals are advancing the science, technology, and implementation of rain enhancement and encouraging additional investments in research funding and research partnerships to advance the field, increasing rainfall and ensuring water security globally.[16] By early 2001, the UAEREP was conducting research projects in cooperation with the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) in the U.S., the Witwatersrand University in South Africa, the National Aeronautics and Space Agency (NASA) in the U.S.[17]
The Program for Rain Enhancement Science is an initiative of the United Arab Emirates Ministry of Presidential Affairs. It is overseen by the UAE National Center of Meteorology & Seismology[18] (NCMS) based in Abu Dhabi.[19]
In 2014, a total of 187 missions was sent to seed clouds in the UAE with each aircraft taking about three hours to target five to six clouds at a cost of $3,000 per operation.[20] In 2017 the UAE had 214 missions,[21] and in 2018, it had 184 missions, and 247 missions were launched in 2019.[11] Tests of new technologies were done in 2020 with partners in the United States to test the use of nanomaterials for seeding.[22]
The augmentation of rainfall considers both the ground-based and airborne processes that occur in different rain cloud types (but generally focused on convective clouds). The UAE utilizes operational aircraft-based and drone-controlled hygroscopic cloud seeding as opposed to conventional randomized aircraft seeding, as it does not take into consideration the varying properties of rain clouds, especially present in dusty and arid regions like the UAE.[7] Since 2021, the devices have been equipped with a payload of electric-charge emission instruments and customized sensors that fly at low altitudes and deliver an electric charge to air molecules.[23] Hygroscopic cloud seeding uses natural salts such as potassium chloride and sodium chloride that pre-exist in the atmosphere with hygroscopic flares. By introducing Hygroscopic particles, it enhances the natural rain particles which begins a collision-coalescence process.[7]
At present, the UAE mostly cloud seeds in the eastern mountains on the border to Oman to raise levels in aquifers and reservoirs.[24] The country has 75 networked automatic weather stations distributed across the country UAE, 7 air quality stations, a Doppler weather radar network of five stationary and one mobile radar, and six Beechcraft King Air C90 aircraft distributed across the country for cloud seeding operations.[24]
The influx of rainfall from cloud seeding greatly affects the non-equipped infrastructure of the UAE. A cloud seeding experiment conducted in October 2019 by the UAE National Center of Meteorology & Seismology as part of the UAE Research Program for Rain Enhancement Science in January 2020 resulted in flooding.[25][26] In 2020, a flood resulted from a cloud seeding experiment conducted in 2019 by the UAE National Center of Meteorology & Seismology as part of the UAE Research Program for Rain Enhancement Science. Pumps were needed to remove excess water because drainage systems could not handle the volume of water, severely impacting commercial and residential areas.[26] It is estimated that the UAE will invest 500 million dirhams ($136.1 million) to protect against flooding of infrastructure and transportation after severe artificial storms.[26]
Sharjah city is one of the most populous cities in the UAE and has already experienced significant flooding after cloud seeding activity. Better data can help ensure that the seeding activity will not exceed the threshold of the city’s drainage systems. Other infrastructure should be evaluated to mitigate potential damages. Researchers suggest that regular updates of IDF curves are made in order to achieve comprehensive rainfall data.[27]
Cloud seeding missions require firing salts and silver iodine crystals into the atmosphere.[28] The increased concentration of particulate matter, or micro-pollutants, increases risk for respiratory illnesses.[citation needed] In 2017, a study was conducted before and after cloud seeding missions, which recorded an increase of particulate matter, correlating to the months of active artificial rain.[1] Researchers attribute this to left over silver iodine crystals that were not dispersed in the rain during the cloud seeding months.[1] A study was conducted called the UAE Unified Aerosol Experiment (UAE2) to assess the progress and effectiveness of cloud seeding specifically in the UAE.[7] Researchers found a significant increase in rainfall trends in areas with cloud seeding.[7] More recently, over 20 regions in the UAE that participated in cloud seeding experiments have a higher concentration of particulate matter.[5][1] The overall environmental impact of cloud seeding is difficult measure due to the inability to perform controlled experiments along with the difficulty in direct tracing.[5]
Cloud seeding
United Arab Emirates
Environmental issues in the United Arab Emirates
Arabian Desert
Abu Dhabi
Dubai Electricity and Water Authority
Sharjah Electricity and Water Authority
Particulates
| 2023-08-27 17:06:08 |
Baeomyces - Wikipedia |
B. byssoides
B. carneus
B. heteromorphus
B. lotiformis
B. placophyllus
B. rufus
Baeomyces is a genus of lichenized fungi in the family Baeomycetaceae.[2] Members of Baeomyces are commonly called cap lichens.[3][4] The genus was circumscribed by German mycologist Christiaan Hendrik Persoon in 1794.[5] Although Persoon did not designate a type species in his original description of the genus, Frederick Clements and Cornelius Lott Shear assigned Baeomyces byssoides as the type in 1931.[6]
As of October 2022[update], Species Fungorum (in the Catalogue of Life) accepts 6 species of Baeomyces.[7]
This Lecanoromycetes-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. | 2023-08-27 17:06:12 |
Rose Edith Kelly - Wikipedia |
Rose Edith Kelly (23 July 1874 – 1932) was an English Thelemite and wife of occult writer Aleister Crowley, who she married in 1903. In 1904, she aided him in the Cairo Working that led to the reception of The Book of the Law, on which Crowley based much of his philosophy and religion, Thelema.
Rose Edith Kelly was born at 78 Cambridge Terrace, Paddington, to Frederic Festus Kelly and Blanche (Bradford) Kelly. Her grandfather, also named Frederic Festus Kelly, was the founder of Kelly's Directories Ltd.
The eldest of three children -- her siblings being Eleanor Constance Mary and Gerald Festus -- the family moved to the Camberwell vicarage in 1880. Her father served as the curate for the Parish of St. Giles for the next 35 years.
In 1895, Kelly escorted her brother Gerald to Cape Town, South Africa, where he convalesced from a liver ailment during the winter of 1895–96.
On 31 August 1897, she married Major Frederick Thomas Skerrett at St Giles' Church, Camberwell. He was a member of the Royal Army Medical Corps and about fifteen years older than she was. He died on 19 August 1899.
In 1901, she joined her brother Gerald in Paris, France, where she stayed for six months.
Kelly and Aleister Crowley eloped on 11 August and married on 12 August 1903, in order to save her from an arranged marriage. Their relationship, however, went beyond a marriage of convenience.[1] The two went on an extended honeymoon that brought them to Cairo, Egypt, in early 1904.[2]
On 16 March 1904, "in an avowedly frivolous attempt to impress his wife", Crowley tried to "shew the Sylphs"[3] to her using the Bornless Ritual. Although she could see nothing, she did seem to enter into a light trance and repeatedly said, "They're waiting for you!"
This synchronicity and others caused him to pay closer attention to what Kelly told him. At her direction, on three successive days beginning 8 April 1904, he entered his room and starting at noon, and for exactly one hour, wrote down what he claimed he heard dictated from a shadowy presence behind him who identified himself as Aiwass. The results over the three days were the three chapters of verse known as The Book of the Law. At one point Crowley failed to hear a sentence, which Kelly later amended to page 19 of the original manuscript 'The Five Pointed Star, with a Circle in the Middle, & the circle is Red.'[4]
Kelly had two daughters with Crowley: Nuit Ma Ahathoor Hecate Sappho Jezebel Lilith (1904–06) and Lola Zaza (1907–90). Kelly and Crowley divorced in 1909. Lola was eventually taken in by her uncle, Gerald. In 1911, Crowley had her committed to an asylum for alcohol dementia.
Kelly married Dr Joseph Andrew Gormley (1849-1925) in 1912 and died in 1932.
| 2023-08-27 17:06:16 |
Mahender Singh - Wikipedia |
Mahender Singh (born 22 February 1950) is an Indian politician. He is a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). Singh was a member of the Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly from the Dharampur constituency in Mandi district.[1][2][3] He holds the Irrigation and public health, Horticulture and Sainik welfare portfolios.[4][5][6][7]
He is the son of the late Shri Bali Ram. He was born at Chanjyar (Richhli). He is married to Smt. Parmila Devi. The couple has one son and two daughters.
Initially, he was involved in the construction business.
He was elected to the State Legislative Assembly in February 1990 as an Independent. He was reelected in 1993 with the Indian National Congress, in 1998 with H.V.C., in 2003 with Lok Tantrik Morcha (H.P.), and in 2007 with BJP.
He served as Vice President of HVC from 1997 to 2002; President, H.P Lok Tantrik Morcha, from 2003 to 2004; Minister of Rural Development, Panchayati Raj, P.W.D., and Excise & Taxation from 1998 to 2000; and chairman, Estimates Committee and Member of various House Committees. He served as Transport Minister from 9 July 2009 until December 2012. He was elected to the State Legislative Assembly for the sixth time in 2012 and again in December 2017.[8]
| 2023-08-27 17:06:19 |
List of listed buildings in St Andrews-Lhanbryd, Moray - Wikipedia |
This is a list of listed buildings in the parish of Lhanbryde in Moray, Scotland.
Download coordinates as:
The scheme for classifying buildings in Scotland is:
In March 2016 there were 47,288 listed buildings in Scotland. Of these, 8% were Category A, and 50% were Category B, with the remaining 42% being Category C.[2]
| 2023-08-27 17:06:23 |
1975–76 Midland Football Combination - Wikipedia | The 1975–76 Midland Football Combination season was the 39th in the history of Midland Football Combination, a football competition in England.
Division One featured 16 clubs which competed in the division last season along with two new clubs:
| 2023-08-27 17:06:27 |
Truck Stop Women - Wikipedia | Truck Stop Women is a 1974 film, directed by Mark L. Lester and partly financed by Phil Gramm.[1]
A mother (Lieux Dressler) runs a brothel for truckers on the New Mexico highways and her stable includes her daughter (Claudia Jennings). The daughter is sick of her mother controlling things and begins working with some men from the "Eastern Mafia" who are attempting to take over their operation.[2]
This exploitation film–related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. | 2023-08-27 17:06:31 |
Rod Houison - Wikipedia |
Rodney Houison (born[when?]), is a British musician, producer, and sound engineer who has worked with The Who, Pete Townshend, Cliff Richard, Shakin' Stevens, Judge Dread, and Echo & the Bunnymen.
He has also worked with, and is married to, Miriam Stockley.[1] Since Stockley joined the world/new age musical group, Aomusic, Houison contributes as co-engineer.[2]
Houison and Stockley have two children, Carly Houison and Leigh Brandon Houison. They reside in Orlando, Florida, United States.
This biographical article about a British singer is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. | 2023-08-27 17:06:34 |
1991 in the United Arab Emirates - Wikipedia | ←
→
Events from the year 1991 in the United Arab Emirates.
This United Arab Emirates-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. This Middle Eastern history-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. This year in Asia article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. | 2023-08-27 17:06:37 |
Sidhe (company) - Wikipedia |
Sidhe (formerly Sidhe Interactive until 2009) is a New Zealand video game company headquartered in Wellington. Sidhe is a co-founding member of the New Zealand Game Developers Association and the New Zealand Institute of Screen Innovation. Sidhe has produced more than 20 titles, including several licensed non-realistic racing games.
The Sidhe brand was superseded in 2012 by what was a subsidiary brand, PikPok, which was an iOS and Android development team.[2] Notable PikPok titles include Bird Strike and the Flick Kick sports arcade series of games. In September 2010, a publishing partnership between PikPok and Lexaloffle Games was announced,[3] and the first title from that collaboration, Zen Puzzle Garden, was released in December 2010.[citation needed] PikPok is now the primary brand of the studio.[citation needed]
Both the Sidhe and PikPok brand is collected under the Prodigy Design Limited holding company.[4][5]
PikPok received an honorable mention in the 2011 Independent Games Festival awards for Flick Kick Football, under Best Mobile Game,[6] and Bird Strike was a finalist in the 7th annual IMG Awards (2011).[7]
Sidhe offers a scholarship[8][9] for students who wish to study game development at a graduate level at the Media Design School in Auckland. At the end of 2010, Sidhe announced the Sidhe Elite financial scholarship for 2011 aiming to support young aspiring game developers. Several Media Design School graduates have gone on to work for Sidhe.[10]
| 2023-08-27 17:06:40 |
Kong Soo Do - Wikipedia | Kong Soo Do (공수도) is a name used to refer to Korean martial arts derived from Karate, that was used
by couple of the original kwans before the unification and creation Taekwondo as the universal striking art of Korea. As with Tang Soo Do[1], the name Kong Soo Do is composed of the Korean pronunciation of the Chinese characters for "karate-do", meaning "empty-hand way" in English.
Kong Soo Do is a not a systemized style of martial arts and the styles used by their perspective kwans are influenced by the individual backgrounds of their founders/head instructors. The name Kong Soo Do was used by Yun Mu Kwan (sometimes Yun Moo Kwan Kong Soo Do Bu, Hanja: 朝鮮硏武館 拳法部) and the YMCA Kwon Bop Bu (later named Chang Moo Kwan) to refer their martial art.
Yun Mu Kwan was founded by Chun Sang Sup (전상섭) learned Okinawan Karate from Gichin Funakoshi. Chun had a very close relationship with Yoon Byung-In (윤병인) the founder of the YMCA Kwon Bop Bu. Chun and Yoon would travel together to train with other martial artists, sometimes traveling to Manchuria. They trained with each other so much that they became known as brothers.[1] Chun went missing during the Korean War; subsequently, this kwan voted to change its name to the Jidokwan. After Chun disappeared in the Korean War, the original students of Chun voted for Master Yoon, who trained in Chuan Fa in Manchuria, as the Jidokwan's first President.
The Kwon Bop Bu/Chang Moo Kwan was founded in 1947 by Yoon Byung-In who had studied Chinese Chuan Fa under the guidance of a Mongolian instructor in Manchuria. Later, Yoon trained Karate at the Nihon University karate club in Japan with Kanken Tōyama. At one point, Japanese karate students pursued and started to beat up another Korean karate student who had skipped karate class to spend time with his sweetheart. After being persuaded by the other Korean student for help, Yoon used his Chuan Fa to skillfully deflect and evade the karate students’ strikes and kicks to the point that they gave up and ran back to tell their teacher what had happened. Teacher Tōyama invited Yoon to tell him about the skillful non-karate martial art he had used against his students. Yoon explained to Toyama about his Chuan Fa education in Manchuria. Toyama appreciated the Chuan Fa background since he (Toyama) had previously studied Chuan-fa in Taiwan for seven years. They decided to exchange knowledge; Yoon would teach Toyama Chuan Fa and Toyama would teach Yoon his Shudokan Karate. Yoon later created his own art and called it Kwon Bop Kong Soo Do. Kwon Bop is the Korean pronunciation of the Chinese word Chuan Fa.
Early Chang Moo Kwan was mainly based on Chinese Kung Fu (Chuan Fa). The early Chang Moo Kwan taught Palgi kwon (which was influenced by Bajiquan).[2]
Yoon went missing during the Korean War. His teachings were carried on by his top student Lee Nam Suk, who changed the name of the school to Chang Moo Kwan. Even though Yoon had disappeared during the Korean War, information about him was later recovered by original Chang Moo Kwan student, Kim Pyung-soo in 2005, when he found Yoon Byun-in's family. Yoon's teachings were carried on by his top students Lee Nam Suk (Chang Moo Kwan), Park Chul-hee, and Hong Jong-Pyo (both Kang Duk Won). During the Korean unification of the KTA in the 1960s, a small sub Kwan broke away to form the Kong Soo Do Kang Yu Do style founded by Grandmaster Jae Soo Kwon. Its location was Yongsan District Korea outside of the U.S. military base; it then made its way to the United States. Outside of Korea very few martial artists know or practice this style today. The art stands for 'the hard and soft way' or 'path of Korean empty hand.'
| 2023-08-27 17:06:44 |
Fawkham - Wikipedia |
Fawkham is a village and civil parish in the Sevenoaks District of Kent, England. Fawkham is defined as a hamlet by Sevenoaks District Council, with a population of 429.[1] Fawkham is a low density, linear settlement along the bottom of a dry chalk valley some 3 mi (5 km) in length, with secondary lanes intersecting. There is no discernible village centre, although clusters of buildings occur near the Church/junction with Castle Hill, and around the village green and public house at the junction with Fawkham Green Road. There are around 220 houses.
Fawkham is approximately 8 miles (13 km) from Gravesend, 8 miles (13 km) from Dartford and 12 miles (19 km) from Sevenoaks. It is on the northern edge of Sevenoaks district, adjoining its border with Dartford district, south of the village of Longfield. The M20 motorway marks the south-east boundary of the parish, and the London to Chatham railway line the north-east boundary. Brands Hatch motor racing circuit is close by.
Baldwins Green Conservation Area[2] covers part of the village and includes the church. The 12th-century parish church is dedicated to St Mary and is a Grade I listed building.[3] The ecclesiastical parish of Fawkham is part of the united benefice of Fawkham and Hartley.
Fawkham was formerly in Dartford Rural District along with the neighbouring parishes. In medieval times the parish was part of Axstane Hundred. Edward Hasted in his The History and Topographical Survey of the County of Kent: Volume 2(Canterbury, 1797) describes Fawkham Parish as having "two hamlets in it called Fawkham-green and Fawkham-street. The church stands near the northern boundary of it".
Longfield railway station was called Fawkham Station until 1961.
WikiMiniAtlas51°22′N 0°17′E / 51.367°N 0.283°E / 51.367; 0.283
This Kent location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. | 2023-08-27 17:06:47 |
Dubhghall mac Suibhne - Wikipedia |
Dubhghall mac Suibhne (fl. 1232×1241 – 1262) was a Scottish landholder in Argyll, and a leading member of Clann Suibhne.[note 1] He was a son of Suibhne mac Duinn Shléibhe, and appears to have held lordship of Knapdale from at least the 1240s to the 1260s, and may have initiated the construction of Skipness Castle and Lochranza Castle.
During Dubhghall's career, Clann Suibhne fell prey to the Stewarts, one of Scotland's most powerful families. By the 1240s, the Stewarts appear to have gained lordship in the Firth of Clyde and Cowal, whilst Alexander II, King of Scotland attempted to extend royal authority into Argyll and the Isles. It is in the context of this Scottish encroachment into Argyll that Dubhghall first appears on record, in an appeal to Pope Innocent IV for papal protection in 1247.
Although Alexander II's campaign to annex Argyll and the Isles came to an immediate halt on his death in 1249, his son and successor, Alexander III, renewed hostilities in the 1260s. By this time, it was Walter Stewart, Earl of Menteith who spearheaded the Stewarts' westward advance. Charter evidence dating to 1261 and 1262 reveals that Dubhghall resigned the Clann Suibhne lordship into Walter Stewart's hands. Whether this transfer was the result of a military operation against Clann Suibhne is unknown. The fact that some members of the kindred were unwilling to subject themselves to Stewart domination is evinced by the ensuing career of Dubhghall's nephew, Murchadh Mac Suibhne.
Dubhghall was a son of Suibhne mac Duinn Shléibhe,[12] eponymous[13] ancestor of Clann Suibhne.[14] According to the eighteenth-century Craignish History, a daughter of Dubhghall married a member of the Craignish branch of the Caimbéalaigh kindred (the Campbells).[15] Dubhghall's son-in-law, a man also named Dubhghall, is identified by the Craignish History as the third of the name to represent the Craignish Caimbéalaigh.[16] The succeeding son of this couple is further stated by this source to have been named Dubhghall, and is elsewhere attested as an historical landholder in Argyll.[17][note 2]
The Clann Suibhne lordship appears to have stretched across Knapdale, from the Sound of Jura to Loch Fyne, and further extended across the Kilbrannan Sound, from Skipness to Arran.[24][note 3]
Dubhghall's father may have built Castle Sween in Knapdale.[26] The fortress appears to date to the late twelfth century.[27] As such, it is one of the oldest standing stone castles in Scotland.[28][note 4]
Dubhghall's family appears to have constructed Skipness Castle as well.[37] The original site seems to have consisted of two free-standing buildings: a two-storey residence with a lord's hall, and a single-storey chapel. This complex appears to have been surrounded by an earth and timber wall.[38] The hall house and adjutant chapel may date to the first half of the thirteenth century.[39] Skipness Castle is first recorded by a charter of Dubhghall dating to 1261.[23] The site may have been a secondary residence to their main residence at Castle Sween,[38] which could well have served as the power centre of the Clann Suibhne lordship.[40]
In fact, it may have been Dubhghall who initiated construction of Skipness Castle.[21] Clann Suibhne,[41] and specifically Dubhghall himself, may have built Lochranza Castle on Arran as well.[42] Although the visible ruins of the latter structure are those of a late mediaeval tower house, the original hall house appears to date to the thirteenth or fourteenth century.[43] If the castle was indeed constructed by Clann Suibhe it would mean that the family possessed firm control over the Kilbrannan Sound.[44]
One of the most powerful Scottish magnates of the reign of Alexander II, King of Scotland, was Walter fitz Alan II, Steward of Scotland,[46] head of the Stewart kindred.[47] The original power centre of Walter's familial ancestors was the lordship of Renfrew.[48] By about 1200,[49] during the career of Walter fitz Alan's father, Alan fitz Walter, Steward of Scotland, the Stewarts appear to have expanded into the Firth of Clyde and gained control of Bute.[50] The family's authority over the island is specifically evidenced by a charter of Alan of the church of Kingarth and the entire parish on Bute to Paisley Abbey.[51] The island's citadel, Rothesay Castle, may have been built by either Walter fitz Alan or his father[52] in about 1200.[53] As such, this Stewart fortress is contemporary to the Clann Suibhne stronghold Castle Sween.[54] The westward expansion of Stewart power can be traced not only by the kindred's grants to Paisley Abbey[55]—a religious house founded by the family's founder in the twelfth century[56]—but also by grants to the abbey by native clans absorbed into the Stewart lordship.[55][note 5]
Whilst it is possible that Alan expanded into Cowal as well,[61] another possibility is that it was during the tenure of Walter fitz Alan that the family received a grant of Cowal.[62] Charter evidence reveals that by about the time of the latter's death in 1241, Cowal had been brought under Stewart overlordship, and Scottish royal authority was further expanding into Argyll.[63] Specific early evidence of this encroachment is preserved by a grant of Laghmann mac Maoil Choluim of the church of St Finan (Kilfinan) to Paisley Abbey in 1232×1241.[64] Laghmann was evidently a close kinsman of Dubhghall, and Dubhghall himself is recorded as one of witnesses of the transaction.[65][note 6]
In the 1230s, Alexander II interfered with the ecclesiastical affairs of Argyll.[73] In 1236—presumably as a result of royal petition[74]—the pope instructed the Bishop of Moray to secure a canonical election to select a new Bishop of Argyll, and by 1239 a Moravian dignitary named William served as Bishop of Argyll.[75] After the drowning of this ecclesiast, authority over the see was given to Clement, Bishop of Dunblane.[76][note 7] By 1248, the bishop[79]—possibly at the behest of the king—seems to have sought to move the cathedral from Lismore onto the mainland.[80][note 8] Further extension of royal authority is evidenced by the king's grant of a swathe of territory around Loch Awe and Loch Fyne to Giolla Easbuig Mac Giolla Chríost.[83][note 9] This grant dates to 1 August 1240, and is the earliest infeftment of knight' service in the west Highlands.[84]
In 1244, Alexander II attempted to purchase the Isles from the Norwegian Crown.[85] The westward extension of Scottish royal authority may account for the records of Dubhghall and the monks of Iona requesting papal protection.[86] For example, on 17 April 1247, Pope Innocent IV granted protection to Dubhghall and his possessions.[87] Days later, on 22 April 1247, the pope moved to preserve the independence of the Islesmen by ordering the abbots of the order of St Benedict in Scotland—on behalf of the abbot and convent of Iona—not to compel the latter to come to the Benedictine general chapter.[88] On the same day of this command, the pope also granted the Abbot of Iona the use of the ring and mitre to further ensure his ecclesiastical freedom.[89] Earlier, on 20 March 1247, the pope confirmed a grant by Dubhghall to the church of St Colmán Ela (Kilcalmonell).[90]
In 1248, Haraldr Óláfsson, King of Mann and the Isles, and his newly-wedded wife, Cecilía Hákonardóttir, were lost at sea whilst sailing from Norway to the Isles.[93] Upon learning of the catastrophe, Cecilía's father, Hákon Hákonarson, King of Norway, immediately sent Eóghan Mac Dubhghaill to temporarily take up the kingship of the Isles on his behalf.[94] In the summer of 1249, Alexander launched an invasion of Argyll, directed at the very heart of the Clann Dubhghaill lordship. There is reason to suspect that a cooling in relations between Eóghan and Alexander II,[95] along with Haraldr's unexpected demise[96] and the resultant kin-strife over this man's succession,[97] along with Eóghan's acceptance of royal powers on Hákon's behalf, could all have spurred the Scots' offensive.[98] In the course of the campaign, Alexander II demanded that Eóghan renounce his allegiance to Hákon, and ordered him to hand over certain mainland and island fortresses. Eóghan stubbornly refused, and the unfolding crisis only ended with the Scottish king's sudden death in July 1249.[99]
About a decade after Alexander II's death, his son and royal successor, Alexander III, came of age and took steps to continue his father's expansion into Argyll and the Isles.[102] Once again it was the Stewarts, this time in the person of Walter fitz Alan's son, Walter Stewart, Earl of Menteith, who spearheaded the westward campaign.[103] Evidence of this push is preserved by the record of Clann Suibhne possessions granted away in the early 1260s.[104][note 10]
For example, on 17 April 1261, Dubhghall, with the consent of his heir Eóin, granted the church of St Colmán Ela to Paisley Abbey, along with the chapel of St Columba near Skipness Castle. Dubhghall's grant is stated to have been made for the welfare of his soul, those of his ancestors, and those of his wives, Juliana and Johanna, and a condition of his grant is that he was to have been buried at Paisley.[107][note 11]
Furthermore, a charter of Walter Stewart to Paisley Abbey, dating to 19 January 1262, confirms Dubhghall's grant to the abbey, and states that Dubhghall had earlier granted the lands of Skipness to Walter Stewart himself.[110][note 12] Dubhghall is elsewhere stated to have granted Walter Stewart his lands to be held as a "free barony" for two-thirds of a knight's service in the king's army.[114][note 13] One of these transferred territories is recorded as "duabus Ungyns MacCrunnel",[116] a place name that corresponds to Dubghall's title "lord of the land of Macherummel", used by the papal protection granted to Dubhghall in 1247.[117] Additional evidence of the Stewarts' takeover of the Clann Suibhne heartland includes the record of grants made by Walter Stewart of several Knapdale churches—the churches of St Abbán moccu Corbmaic (Keills Chapel), St Michael (Kilmichael of Inverlussa), and St Mary/St Máel Ruba (Kilmory Chapel)—to Kilwinning Abbey.[118][note 14]
The circumstances surrounding of Dubhghall's contract with Walter Stewart are unclear.[131] There are no other records regarding the allotment of Clann Suibhne lands during this period, and it is not known if the Stewarts or their allies had already established themselves in Knapdale.[132]
The transactions involving Clann Suibhne reveal that the family was progressively deprived of its territories. Whether the charters are evidence of a military invasion is unknown.[133] The creation of a Stewart lordship in the region may have been undertaken in the context of extending Scottish royal authority into Argyll and the Isles.[134] From the perspective of both the Stewarts and the Scottish Crown, Clann Suibhne seems to have represented a significant threat to regional stability. The removal or destruction of such families appears to represent part of a strategy to not only dislodge unpalatable kindreds (like Clann Suibhne), but to also forge new partnerships with more loyal kindreds (like Clann Dubhghaill and Clann Domhnaill), and extend the power of committed agents of the Scottish Crown (like the Stewarts).[133]
Clann Suibhne's power in Knapdale and Kintyre appears to have ended by the 1260s,[135] with the family being replaced by the Stewarts.[136] The transition of power certainly seems to have marked an increase in Scottish authority in Argyll, and may have been a factor in Eóghan's remarkable refusal to assist Hákon against the Scottish Crown later that decade.[137] The fact that members of Clann Suibhne were unwilling to subject themselves to Stewart domination is evinced by the subsequent record of Dubhghall's nephew, Murchadh Mac Suibhne, supporting the Norwegian cause.[106]
| 2023-08-27 17:06:52 |
Stella (American TV series) - Wikipedia |
Stella is an American sketch comedy television series that originally ran from June 28 to August 30, 2005 on Comedy Central. It was created by and stars Michael Ian Black, Michael Showalter, and David Wain, former cast members of MTV's The State (1993). As a comedy troupe, Stella started in 1997 and played to sold out shows across the United States with a cult following. In September, after 10 episodes, Stella's timeslot was succeeded by Mind of Mencia. The DVD was released on September 12, 2006.
In the pilot only, the third roommate was played by Rashida Jones.
Stella is an adaptation of the Stella comedy troupe's stage show and short films. The series follows Michael, Michael, and David, three infantile men who always dress in suits, live together in a New York apartment, and apparently have no jobs. The show is a mix of sketch comedy and a sitcom; there is a central plot for each episode and recurring characters, but the show ignores continuity and is often surreal.
The trio had made 28 short films between 1998 and 2002, which were shown as part of the live show. The shorts cover various topics such as searching for Santa, mustache growing, pizza eating, and other absurd situations. The group cleaned up much of its material for the show, much of which had been often derived from taboo or adult topics like necrophilia and dildos.
The show employs absurdist humor. Notable guest stars include Paul Rudd, Rashida Jones, Sam Rockwell, Topher Grace, Tim Blake Nelson, Alan Ruck, Janeane Garofalo, Elizabeth Banks, and Edward Norton.
"Stella: The New Marx Brothers" --Rolling Stone interview
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221st Military Intelligence Battalion - Wikipedia | Global War on Terrorism
The 221st Military Intelligence Battalion, based at the Gillem Enclave in Forest Park, Georgia, is a major battalion in the 560th Battlefield Surveillance Brigade (United States) in the Army National Guard
The 221st Military Intelligence (MI) Battalion (BN) collects intelligence information in multiple intelligence disciplines to provide unit commanders intelligence for the battlefield and the focus of combat power. The organization also conducts intelligence production activities, ranging from intelligence preparation of the battlefield to situation development, signals intelligence, human intelligence, and counterintelligence support to Maneuver Commanders. The unit also has significant responsibilities in counterintelligence, human intelligence, force protection, and electronic warfare.
The 221st MI BN stated vision for operations includes: (1) collecting and providing relevant intelligence, security and information operations for U.S. Army, joint and combined forces; (2) leveraging national/theater/tactical equipment and capabilities of assigned personnel to provide relevant information reports to commanders at all echelons; (3) exploiting leading edge technology; and (4) meeting the challenge of today, tomorrow and the 21st Century.
Distinctive Unit Insignia[1]
A silver color metal and enamel device 1+1⁄8 inches (2.9 cm) in height overall consisting of a shield blazoned: Per bend Argent and Gules a chess knight Sable surmounted by a sword bendwise sinister hilt to base Or; a bordure compony Azure (Oriental Blue) and Argent. Attached below the shield is a black and silver scroll inscribed "TRUTH THROUGH EXPLOITATION" in silver.
The colors oriental blue and silver gray represent the Military Intelligence Corps. The chess knight refers to the mission, which involves foresight and skillful planning. Its form, that of a horse, recalls the historic connection of Army Intelligence to Cavalry, which was the first organization to provide military intelligence services to the commander. The border alludes again to the chess-like strategic capabilities often important to the mission. The scarlet of the field recalls the flag of the battalion's home state, Georgia, and denotes courage. The sword indicates readiness and the will to fight. Together, scarlet, white and blue represent the United States. Black and gold signify respectively strength and excellence.
The distinctive unit insignia was approved on 13 Apr 1999.
The 221st MI BN has been involved in a number of missions since its inception.
In early May 2003, H Company (Long Range Surveillance) of the 221st provided 54 LRS infantrymen to the 203rd Military Intelligence Battalion (TECHINT) in support of foreign materials exploitation and WMD recovery missions. They accompanied almost every Joint Captured Material Exploitation Center collection mission providing security. On June 25, 2003, several LRS soldiers from the 221st were the first casualties of the technical intelligence mission in Iraq when they suffered non-life-threatening injuries from a roadside IED attack on the 203rd.[3]
In April 2010, 221st MI BN mobilized and deployed 32 Soldiers as the KFOR 13 Analytical Control Element (ACE) in support of Multinational Division – East located at Camp Bondsteel.
In December 2010, 221st MI BN mobilized and deployed 32 Soldiers as the KFOR 14 Analytical Control Element (ACE) in support of Multinational Division – East located at Camp Bondsteel.
In August 2011, 221st MI BN mobilized and deployed Soldiers as the KFOR 15 Analytical Control Element (ACE) for a year-long deployment in support of Multinational Division – East located at Camp Bondsteel.[4]
In January 2012, 221st MI BN mobilized and deployed the Black Knight OEF Task Force overseas to provide signal intelligence and human intelligence gathering capabilities to allied ground commanders in Afghanistan.[5]
Represents the Georgia National Guard's counter-intelligence agents, interrogators and linguists. Alpha Company was among the first Georgia Army National Guard units to deploy in February 2003 as part of Operation Iraqi Freedom.
Represents the Georgia National Guard's counter-intelligence agents, interrogators and linguists. Bravo Company was among the first Georgia Army National Guard units to deploy in February 2003 as part of Operation Iraqi Freedom.
Represents the Georgia National Guard's counter-intelligence agents, interrogators and linguists. Charlie Company was among the first Georgia Army National Guard units to deploy in February 2003 as part of Operation Iraqi Freedom.
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Natanapureesvarar Temple, Thantanthottam - Wikipedia |
Natanapureesvarar Temple is a Hindu temple dedicated to the deity Shiva, located at Thantanthottam in Thanjavur district, Tamil Nadu, India.[1][2][3]
It is one of the shrines of the Vaippu Sthalams sung by Tamil Saivite Nayanar Sundarar. This place is also known as Nartanapuram and Thandavapuri.[2]
The presiding deity in the garbhagriha, represented by the lingam, is known as Natanapureesvarar. The Goddess is known as Sivakamsundari.[2][4]
Very near to this temple, a lingam is found. It is known as Agasteesvarar.[2] During the time of the celestial wedding of Shiva and Parvati
the north began to rise, while the south started to come down. In order the balance Shiva sent Agasthiar to South. As Agasthiar could not able to see the wedding of the Lord, he gave him a boon that Agasthiar would see the divine couple in wedding attire whenever he thought of them. This is one such place. After satisfying through the worship by Agasthiar, Shiva, along with his consort blessed him. 11 copper plates of Pallava period were found from this place. From these copper plates it is learnt that during the period of Pallavas and Cholas this place was in good state. In these copper plates there are references about Nandhivarma II, who ruled Kanchipuram. From inscriptions it is learnt that land was donated.[3]
The temple is having an entrance and is facing south. After the entrance, the front mandapa is found. The shrine of the presiding deity is facing east and the shrine of the Goddess is facing south. In the prakara, in the kosta, Dakshinamurti is found. In the west prakara, shrines of Vinayaka, Subramania with his consorts Valli and Durga are found. Temple tree is Vanni tree. Temple tirtta are Agasthiar Tirttam and Surya Tirttam. Every year, during the Tamil month of Vaikasi the celestial wedding of Shiva takes.[3] Navagraha shrine is also found in this temple.[1]
In 1965, the Kanchi sage came to this place. It is said that a beautiful Nataraja sculpture, as found in Puthur and Sivapuram was found here and it was stolen in 1972. On the advice of the seer, a sculpture of Nataraja given by him was kept here.[3][5]
The temple is located in Kumbakonam-Karaikal road, next to Thirunageswaram, at a distance of 4 km where a nameboard indicating the place could be found. From there after crossing Naduvakkarai, Pundarikapuram and Murukkangudi, this place can be reached.[2] From Thirunageswaram also this place could be reached at a distance of 5 km. From Nachiyarkoil also road facility is available to this temple. This temple is opened for worship from 9.00 to 10.30 a.m. and 5.30 to 7.00 p.m.[3]
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Eastbury Park - Wikipedia |
Eastbury Park was a country estate near Tarrant Gunville in Dorset, England. It contained a large mansion designed by Sir John Vanbrugh. The mansion has not survived, but its former service wing has become a country house known as Eastbury House, a Grade I listed building.
The house was designed by Vanbrugh for George Dodington, who was Secretary to the Treasurer of the Navy.[1] Construction started in 1718 and was completed under the stewardship of Dodington's nephew, George Dodington, 1st Baron Melcombe, in 1738 at a final cost £140,000:[2] it had a large garden which was designed by Charles Bridgeman.[1] The house was inherited by Richard Grenville-Temple, 2nd Earl Temple in 1762, who had no use for it, and he had it demolished in 1782.[1]
The service wing, designed by Vanbrugh and built at the same time as the rest of the mansion, survived the demolition and became known as Eastbury House. It became a Grade I listed building in 1955.[3] The parklands are Grade II* listed in the National Register of Historic Parks and Gardens.[4]
WikiMiniAtlas50°54′49″N 2°05′52″W / 50.9137°N 2.0979°W / 50.9137; -2.0979
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Štuka - Wikipedia | Štuka (Macedonian: Штука) is a village in the municipality of Bosilovo, North Macedonia.
According to the 2002 census, the village had a total of 781 inhabitants.[1] Ethnic groups in the village include:[1]
As of 2021, the village of Shtuka has 590 inhabitants and the ethnic composition was the following:[2]
This North Macedonia-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. | 2023-08-27 17:07:11 |
Mike Snider - Wikipedia |
Mike Snider is a comedy writer whose work frequently appeared in Mad from 1981 to 2006.[1][2]
Snider's byline appeared in 179 separate issues.[3] This included 75 consecutive issues from 1997 to 2003,[4] thanks to his long-running recurring feature "Celebrity Cause-of-Death Betting Odds", which predicted the likeliest versions of future demise for a variety of well-known personalities.
This article about an American writer is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. | 2023-08-27 17:07:14 |
Diamonitirion - Wikipedia | The diamonitirion (Greek: διαμονητήριον) is a special written permit required for entry to Mount Athos that is compulsory for all visitors.
The diamonitirion is granted only to men, since women are forbidden from entering Mount Athos. Pilgrim applications are made at the Mount Athos Pilgrims' Bureau in Thessaloniki, Greece, while visitors from holy orders (Orthodox monks and clerics) must also seek written permission (evlogia[1]) from the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople in Istanbul.[2] Applicants must then visit the Mount Athos Pilgrims' Bureau in Ouranoupoli, usually on the morning of the departure by boat for Mount Athos, to receive the actual diamonitirion.[3] Pilgrims must always keep their diamonitirion with them at all times during their visit to Mount Athos.
There are two types of diamonitirions:
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The Greens (Denmark) - Wikipedia | The Greens (De Grønne) was a Danish green party. It was founded in October 1983.[1][2] It first participated in the 1985 local elections.[2] It was a founding member of the European Green Party.
In 2008 the party was expelled from the EGP. The reason was that De Grønne intended to cooperate with the People's Movement against the EU in the upcoming elections which sits in the European United Left–Nordic Green Left parliamentary group instead of the European Greens–European Free Alliance-group.
In 2014 the party discussed the own future with among the options dissolution of the party or changing it into a foundation. The party was dissolved in December 2014. Some former members are trying to form a new Danish Green party – Det Grønne Parti i Danmark. In 2015 the official website appeared to be removed.[3]
This article about a political party in Denmark is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. This article about a green political party is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. | 2023-08-27 17:07:22 |
Barasbakourios - Wikipedia | Barasbakourios (Greek: Βαρισβακούριος; died 711) was a Byzantine dignitary in the service of Emperor Justinian II (r. 685–695, 705–711), whose downfall occasioned his own death at the hands of the agents of Emperor Philippicus (r. 711–713).
Barasbakourios was a resident of Chersonesus—and probably of Iberian descent, as suggested by his name—when he befriended the exiled emperor Justinian II around 695. Around 704, Barasbakourios accompanied Justinian to the Bulgars on a mission to rally support for his cause. In the closing years of Justinian's second reign (705–711), Barasbakourios was protopatrikios and komes of the Opsikion, a theme in northwestern Asia Minor and Justinian's major power-base. Barasbakourios's name appears on two seals, both dateable to the 8th century, as patrikios and komes of the "god-guarded imperial Opsikion", and—perhaps later—as patrikios, komes of the Opsikion and strategos of an unidentifiable theme.[1][2]
When a rebel army under Philippicus took Constantinople and overthrew Justinian in 711, Barasbakourios fled, but was apprehended by Mauros and John, Philippicus's lieutenants, and put to death together with Justinian's other loyalists.[1]
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Kicking Cans - Wikipedia | Kicking Cans is an album by the Brazilian musician Dori Caymmi, released in 1993.[2][3]
"Brasil (Aquarela Do Brasil)", featuring Herbie Hancock, was nominated for a Grammy Award, in the "Best Jazz Instrumental Solo" category.[4][5]
Kicking Cans was produced by Caymmi.[6] Herbie Hancock, Billy Childs, and John Patitucci contributed to the album.[7][6][8] Branford Marsalis played a saxophone solo on "Migration".[9] Caymmi, who wrote eight of the album's songs, scats on the title track.[10][11]
The Los Angeles Times wrote that "throughout the recording, Caymmi's intimate voice and romantic guitar establish a haunting presence."[12] The Sun-Sentinel determined that "Caymmi exquisitely showcases his feathery voice, which hovers gracefully over sumptuous, spacious Brazilian-flavored jazz arrangements."[9] The Huntsville Times noted that "Caymmi's signature sound is his soft, floating tenor, accented by sparkles of his acoustic guitar."[13]
The Virginian-Pilot called Caymmi "a versatile, consistently inventive tunesmith ... to his credit, he has shown no tendency to contemporize his sound with modernistic cliches."[10] The Pittsburgh Post-Gazette stated that "Caymmi's chanting vocals ride on a wave of melodic acoustic guitar and light percussion, a style common to northeast Brazil."[14] The Lewiston Tribune deemed Caymmi "silken and sublime," writing that "the songs are expressions of moods and feelings not defined by words."[15]
AllMusic wrote that "the shifting time signatures and skewed melodies conspire to keep the listener comfortably off balance—the music goes where it has to go, like a river meandering lazily through a rain forest."[7]
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Dryopteris varia - Wikipedia |
Dryopteris varia is a species of fern in the family Dryopteridaceae.[1]
The species is native to China, Japan, Korea, Myanmar, Philippines, Taiwan, Vietnam, Sulawesi, and the Ryukyu Islands.[2]
This Dryopteridaceae-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. | 2023-08-27 17:07:33 |
Pterolophia lichenea - Wikipedia |
Pterolophia lichenea is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Duvivier in 1892.[1]
This Pterolophia article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. | 2023-08-27 17:07:37 |
Abdoulaye Traoré (Malian footballer) - Wikipedia |
Abdoulaye Traoré (born 13 August 1970) is a Malian footballer. He played in ten matches for the Mali national football team from 1993 to 1995.[1] He was also named in Mali's squad for the 1994 African Cup of Nations tournament.[2]
This biographical article related to Malian association football is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. | 2023-08-27 17:07:40 |
ANSI device numbers - Wikipedia | In Electrical Power Systems and Industrial Automation, ANSI Device Numbers can be used to identify equipment and devices in a system such as relays, circuit breakers, or instruments. The device numbers are enumerated in ANSI/IEEE Standard C37.2 "Standard for Electrical Power System Device Function Numbers, Acronyms, and Contact Designations".
Many of these devices protect electrical systems and individual system components from damage when an unwanted event occurs such as an electrical fault. Historically, a single protective function was performed by one or more distinct electromechanical devices, so each device would receive its own number. Today, microprocessor-based relays can perform many protective functions in one device.[1] When one device performs several protective functions, it is typically denoted "11" by the standard as a "Multifunction Device", but ANSI Device Numbers are still used in documentation like Single-line Diagrams or Schematics to indicate which specific functions are performed by that device.
ANSI/IEEE C37.2-2008 is one of a continuing series of revisions of the standard, which originated in 1928 as American Institute of Electrical Engineers Standard No. 26.[2]
Acronyms Description
Suffixes Description
A suffix letter or number may be used with the device number; for example, suffix N is used if the device is connected to a Neutral wire (example: 59N in a relay is used for protection against Neutral Displacement); and suffixes X,Y,Z are used for auxiliary devices. Similarly, the "G" suffix can denote a "ground", hence a "51G" is a time overcurrent ground relay. The "G" suffix can also mean "generator", hence an "87G" is a Generator Differential Protective Relay while an "87T" is a Transformer Differential Protective Relay. "F" can denote "field" on a generator or "fuse", as in the protective fuse for a pickup transformer. Suffix numbers are used to distinguish multiple "same" devices in the same equipment such as 51–1, 51–2.[3]
Device numbers may be combined if the device provides multiple functions, such as the Instantaneous / Time-delay Overcurrent relay denoted as 50/51.[3]
For device 16, the suffix letters further define the device: the first suffix letter is 'S' for serial or 'E' for Ethernet. The subsequent letters are: 'C' security processing function (e.g. VPN, encryption), 'F' firewall or message filter, 'M' network managed function, 'R' rotor, 'S' switch and 'T' telephone component. Thus a managed Ethernet switch would be 16ESM.
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Galerita reichardti - Wikipedia |
Galerita reichardti is a species of ground beetle in the family Carabidae. It is found in Central America and North America.[1][2][3][4]
This Harpalinae-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. | 2023-08-27 17:07:46 |
Displaced sales - Wikipedia | In real estate investing, displaced sales are the opposite of leakage. Essentially, displaced sales are purchases made far out of a consumer's local economic area, even if that local economic area has comparable goods. Displaced sales are sales which come into a firm from outside. Leaked sales are sales, which are not made inside a firm, even if that firm has comparable goods.
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Sara Gideon - Wikipedia |
Sara I. Gideon[1] (born December 4, 1971) is an American politician who served as the Speaker of the Maine House of Representatives.[2] A member of the Democratic Party from Freeport, she represented the 48th district in the Maine House of Representatives, which includes part of Freeport and Pownal in Cumberland County.[3]
Gideon was the Democratic nominee for the 2020 U.S. Senate election in Maine, losing to incumbent Republican Susan Collins.
Gideon was born and raised in Rhode Island. Her father, a pediatrician, is from India and her mother, a nurse clinician, is a second-generation Armenian American.[4][5]
Gideon is the youngest of four siblings, one of whom, Melanie, is a novelist.[6][7] She graduated from East Greenwich High School in East Greenwich, Rhode Island, in 1989.[8] In 1994, she earned a Bachelor of Arts in international affairs from George Washington University's Elliott School of International Affairs in Washington, D.C.[9]
She served as an intern for U.S. Senator Claiborne Pell.[10] She also worked as an advertising account executive at USA Today.[11][12]
In 2004, Gideon moved to Freeport, Maine.[12] In October 2009, she won a seat on the Freeport Town Council.[13] She served until 2012, and was the council's vice chair beginning in 2011.[9]
First elected to the Maine House of Representatives in 2012, Gideon was reelected in 2014 and chosen as Assistant Majority Leader.[14] In 2016, she was elected as Speaker by the House.[15] As speaker, Gideon also supported Medicaid expansion in Maine, including the 2017 referendum on the topic, and helped override Governor Paul LePage's veto of a bill to make the anti-overdose drug naloxone (Narcan) available over-the-counter,[16] aimed at preventing deaths from the opioid epidemic.[17]
Gideon was a member of the Legislature's Joint Standing Committee on Energy, Utilities and Technology. According to India Abroad, "she worked to lower energy costs, encourage increased energy efficiency and promote clean and renewable energy to capitalize on Maine's natural resources and build a clean-energy economy."[5]
After Democratic Governor Janet Mills was elected in 2018, the Maine Legislature under Gideon's speakership passed several key climate change bills, including a measure requiring Maine to achieve 80 percent renewable energy by 2030 and 100 percent by 2050.[18] As speaker in 2019 and 2020, Gideon also sponsored legislation to expand abortion access by allowing physician assistants and advanced practice registered nurses to perform the procedure.[19] She sponsored legislation to block the Quebec power company Hydro-Québec from spending money to influence a referendum of a controversial proposed power line project in Maine.[20]
In 2019, Gideon faced an election ethics complaint for accepting reimbursements for her personal political donations from her own PAC.[21] A spokesperson said, "The contributions were within the legal limit and fully disclosed, but the committee was given incorrect guidance on how to process them."[21] The campaign said that it had reimbursed the federal government $3,250 for the violations and closed the PAC.[22] In October 2019, the Maine Ethics Commission voted unanimously to fine the closed PAC $500.[22]
On June 24, 2019, Gideon announced her candidacy in the 2020 Senate election to challenge incumbent Republican Susan Collins.[23] In the first week of her campaign, she raised more than $1 million.[24] Gideon ran against Betsy Sweet and Bre Kidman in the ranked-choice Democratic primary election.[18] In the primary, Gideon received support from the mainstream of the Democratic Party, while Sweet and Kidman drew support from the party's insurgent progressive wing.[18] Before the July 14 primary, Gideon was endorsed by the Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee[25][26] as well as labor unions and women's groups.[18] Gideon led in primary election polling,[18] and won the primary with roughly 70% of the vote.[26][27] By the time of the primary election, she had raised $23 million.[27]
In 2019, the League of Conservation Voters Action Fund endorsed Gideon.[28] Following her Democratic primary win in June, Gideon received endorsements from NARAL, EMILY's List, Progressive Democrats of America, Brand New Congress, and Our Revolution.[29] In August, former President Barack Obama endorsed Gideon.[30] In 2020, the Human Rights Campaign (HRC), the country's largest LGBTQ rights advocacy organization, opposed the reelection of Susan Collins and instead endorsed Gideon. It is the first time that the HRC has opposed Collins, who has been seen as a key Republican vote on LGBTQ rights.[31]
The Bangor Daily News endorsed Gideon in the Democratic primary in June 2020.[32]
Gideon states that she has made affordable drugs and health care her primary campaign issues. She supports the Affordable Care Act ("Obamacare"). She also supports a public health insurance option,[18] which would allow Americans to buy into Medicare while also retaining a private health insurance market.[33][34] She supports allowing Medicare to negotiate lower prices for prescription drugs, and a prohibition on pharmaceutical company "pay to delay" agreements.[18]
In the state House, Gideon sponsored legislation to expand abortion access and extend benefits to families in poverty.[35] She states she will fight any attempts to attack or defund Planned Parenthood; will work to roll back the Title X gag rule, which has impacted Maine Family Planning and Planned Parenthood clinics. Gideon has been endorsed by Planned Parenthood Action Fund and NARAL.[36] Gideon opposed the Trump tax bill.[33] Gideon supports the U.S. rejoining the Paris Agreement to combat climate change; the U.S. entered the agreement under Barack Obama, but withdrew under Donald Trump.[18] She supports government funding for the development of renewable energy (e.g. solar, wind, geo-thermal) and the federal regulation of greenhouse gas emissions.[36] Gideon supports universal background checks and red flag laws,[37] and has expressed support for high-capacity magazine restrictions.[38] Gideon supports various police reforms, including a police misconduct registry and requirements for the use of body cameras and vehicle cameras.[18]
Gideon married attorney Benjamin Rogoff Gideon, in November 2001.[6] Ben Gideon is a medical malpractice and personal injury attorney at Gideon Asen LLC.[39]
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Özlem Kaya (athlete) - Wikipedia |
Özlem Kaya (pronounced [ˈœzlæm kaˈja]; born 20 April 1990 in Ardahan, Turkey) is a Turkish middle-distance runner.[1] The 165 cm (5 ft 5 in) tall athlete at 49 kg (108 lb) is a member of Üsküdar Belediye Sports Club in Istanbul, where she is coached by Aytaç Özbakır.[2][3]
Kaya participated in the 3000 m steeplechase event at the 2012 Olympics and 2016 Olympics.[4][5] In 2017, she competed in the women's 3000 metres steeplechase event at the 2017 World Championships in Athletics held in London, United Kingdom.[6] She did not advance to compete in the final.[6]
This biographical article relating to Turkish athletics and track and field is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. | 2023-08-27 17:07:57 |
Minori Sasaki - Wikipedia | Minori Sasaki (佐々木 海法, Sasaki Minori, born March 31, 2005) is a Japanese women's professional shogi player ranked 1-kyū.[1]
Sasaki's promotion history is as follows.[2][3]
Note: All ranks are women's professional ranks.
This shogi-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. | 2023-08-27 17:08:01 |
Lou Massenberg - Wikipedia | Lou Massenberg (born 13 November 2000) is a German diver.[1]
He won a gold medal in the 3 m mixed synchro springboard competition at the 2018 European Aquatics Championships.[2]
This biographical article relating to German diving is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. | 2023-08-27 17:08:04 |
Volkswagen Chattanooga Assembly Plant - Wikipedia |
The Volkswagen Chattanooga Assembly Plant (or Chattanooga Operations LLC) is an American automobile assembly plant in Chattanooga, Tennessee. The plant was formally announced in July 2008 and was formally inaugurated in May 2011.[2][3]
Production began in April 2011 with the model year 2012 Passat B7 (initially called the Passat NMS (New Midsize Sedan)), tailored to the US market,[4] with a projected annual production of 150,000 cars. Passat production ended in December, 2021.[5]
Production of the Volkswagen Atlas commenced in 2017.[6][7]
Production of the electric Volkswagen ID.4 commenced July 26, 2022.[8]
The local plant, building a localized product, allows Volkswagen to avoid exchange rate fluctuations, monitor US automotive market trends,[9]
and potentially reduce vulnerability to extended supply chain issues.[10] At its outset, Chattanooga Assembly manufactured 85% of the Passat's content,[11] and about 85% of the content of the North American Passat comes from North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) countries.[10][12] The company initially had plans for an expansion that would increase capacity to 592,000 vehicles a year.[13] Labor costs at the Tennessee plant, including wages and benefits, have been estimated to average $27 an hour, below those of Ford, GM, Chrysler, and some foreign automakers.[14][dead link] As of late 2012, cars manufactured at the Chattanooga Assembly Plant have been exported to Mexico, Canada, South Korea, and the Middle East.
The Chattanooga plant opened 23 years after the closing of the Westmoreland Assembly Plant near New Stanton, Pennsylvania, in 1988.[11] The Westmoreland plant, which began operation in 1978, had been characterized by labor unrest and suffered from poor networking between Westmoreland and Volkswagen headquarters in then-West Germany.
The entire facility includes approximately 45 acres (180,000 m2),[15] and is constructed on a 1,400 acres (6 km2) parcel of the 6,000-acre (24 km2)[16] Enterprise South Industrial Park in eastern Chattanooga.[17]
The industrial park comprises land that was once an ammunition plant[18][19] known as the Volunteer Army Ammunition Plant (VAAP),[17] which manufactured up to 30,000,000 pounds (14,000 t) of TNT (trinitrotoluene) per month during World War II, the Korean War, and the Vietnam War.[20] The Volkswagen facility is near a remaining storage area containing storage bunkers once used to store TNT.[16] The site features nearby hiking, biking and walking trails, picnic areas, and overlooks, known as the Enterprise South Nature Park.[16]
Volkswagen Passat 2011–2018
Volkswagen Passat 2019–2022
Volkswagen Atlas
Volkswagen Atlas Cross Sport
Volkswagen ID4
The Volkswagen Chattanooga Assembly Plant includes a body shop, paint shop, assembly facility, a Market Delivery Options (MDO) building,[22] technical testing center, employee training facility with classrooms, an apprentice-training school and a full-size practice paint booth, a supplier park for eight companies,[4] and a 32,000-square-foot (3,000 m2) healthcare center with a gym, childcare facilities, and medical services.[23]
The plant has the flexibility to build any of the company's front-engine/front-wheel-drive vehicles in A, B, or C-segments. The rolling-dip paint shop is sized to handle a wide range of vehicle sizes. The plant is not designed to manufacture large vehicles.> The factory includes 383 robots in the body shop, which is approximately 77 percent automated. There are 4,730 weld spots and 292 welding guns. Output is about 31 cars per hour. The plant is organized with its major process areas – body shop, main assembly, and paint shop – in a stacked configuration with major checkpoints arranged in a concentric-circle layout – to eliminate long walks between factory areas, to investigate a problem, for example. The body assembly line uses diode lasers.[24]
VW announced it would seek Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design certification for the complex. In November 2011, VW announced that the 2012 model of the Passat was named the 2012 Motor Trend Car of the Year.[25] In December 2011, the Assembly Plant became the first auto plant in the world to get the LEED platinum certification.[26] A 9.5 megawatt solar park supplies 13 GWh of electricity per year; 12% of plant consumption.[24][27]
The Volkswagen Chattanooga Assembly Plant was designed by the Nashville engineering and architecture firm SSOE, the firm Environmental Resources Management (ERM) for the environmental permitting process, and Alberici Constructors, Inc. for the construction management of the facility.[28] The Port of Savannah, Georgia's Garden City Terminal handles imported auto parts in containers for the plant.[29]
Volkswagen invested approximately one billion U.S. dollars to construct the facility, with local, state, and federal governments subsidizing the project with an estimated $577 million in incentives.[19] Alabama had offered Volkswagen incentives of $385 million, the most the state had ever offered for an auto project. Mississippi offered incentives totaling $294 million to Toyota in 2007 for an assembly plant at Blue Springs. Kia received about $324 million in incentives from Georgia.[30] Volkswagen had researched 398 possible sites before narrowing the choice to the states of Michigan, Alabama, and Tennessee.
The Volkswagen Chattanooga Assembly Plant has attracted international attention after it was proposed that employees elect a union, in order to implement a work council that has co-determination, consultation and participation rights with management.[31][32]
The United Auto Workers attempted unsuccessfully to unionize the Chattanooga plant in 2014. This was defeated in a 712-626 vote. It was backed by Volkswagen and the IG Metall union in Germany to negotiate with management on day-to-day working matters at the plant. There was, however, considerable opposition from US business groups and Republican politicians.[33][34][35]
The UAW again attempted to unionize the plant in June 2019. This failed by a 52 to 48 percent margin.[36] Unlike in 2014, Volkswagen management was not supportive of the union vote.[31]
WikiMiniAtlas35°4′49.03″N 85°08′08″W / 35.0802861°N 85.13556°W / 35.0802861; -85.13556
| 2023-08-27 17:08:07 |
Michelanne Forster - Wikipedia |
Michelanne Forster (born 26 April 1953) is a New Zealand playwright and scriptwriter who was born in California, US.[1] Her writing career began in the 1980s at Television New Zealand where she worked on the popular pre-school program Play School.[2] Her plays have been performed both nationally and internationally and are often based on historical accounts. In 2011 Forster was the writer-in-residence at the Michael King Writer's Centre.[3]
Forster graduated from the University of Auckland with a Bachelor of Arts and also holds a Diploma in Teaching from the Auckland Secondary Teachers College. In 2014 she completed her honours in Drama through the University of Auckland.[1]
This article about a New Zealand writer or poet is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. | 2023-08-27 17:08:10 |
Catcher - Wikipedia | Catcher is a position in baseball and softball. When a batter takes their turn to hit, the catcher crouches behind home plate, in front of the (home) umpire, and receives the ball from the pitcher. In addition to this primary duty, the catcher is also called upon to master many other skills in order to field the position well. The role of the catcher is similar to that of the wicket-keeper in cricket.
Positioned behind home plate and facing toward the outfield, the catcher can see the whole field, and is therefore in the best position to direct and lead the other players in a defensive play. The catcher typically calls for pitches using hand signals. The calls are based on the pitcher's mechanics and strengths, as well as the batter's tendencies and weaknesses. Essentially, the catcher controls what happens during the game when the ball is not "in play". Foul tips, bouncing balls in the dirt, and contact with runners during plays at the plate are all events to be handled by the catcher, necessitating the use of protective equipment. This includes a mask, chest and throat protectors, shin guards, and a heavily padded catcher's mitt. Though rare, some chest protectors may extend lower to provide some shield to the genitalia; wearing a pelvic protector or cup, depending on the case, is preferred and more common.
Because the position requires a comprehensive understanding of the game's strategies, the pool of former catchers yields a disproportionate number of managers in both Major League Baseball and Minor League Baseball, including such prominent examples as Yogi Berra, Connie Mack, Steve O'Neill, Al López, Mike Scioscia, and Joe Torre.[1] The physical and mental demands of being involved on every defensive play can wear catchers down over a long season, and can have a negative effect on their offensive output. As a result, catcher is the only position (other than pitcher) to not have a member of the 3,000 hit club[2] (not counting Craig Biggio, who only played four seasons as a catcher and was a second baseman when he reached the milestone); the current hit leader for the position is Iván Rodríguez, with 2,844.[3]
Because of the strategic defensive importance of catching, if a catcher has exceptional defensive skills, teams are often willing to overlook their relative offensive weaknesses.[2] A knowledgeable catcher's ability to work with the pitcher, via pitch selection and location, can diminish the effectiveness of the opposing team's offense.[4] Many great defensive catchers toiled in relative anonymity, because they did not produce large offensive numbers. Notable examples of light-hitting, defensive specialists were Jerry Grote, Jeff Mathis, Ray Schalk, Jim Hegan, Jim Sundberg and Brad Ausmus. Schalk's career batting average of .253 is the lowest of any position player in the Baseball Hall of Fame.[5] His selection for enshrinement in 1955 was largely a tribute to his outstanding defensive skills.[5]
In the numbering system used to record baseball plays, the catcher is assigned the number '2'. (See Baseball scorekeeping.)
In the middle of the nineteenth century, the game of baseball began to evolve from a sport played by amateurs for recreation into a more serious game played by professionals.[6] One of the most dramatic changes was the transition of the pitcher's delivery from an underhand motion to an overhanded throw.[6] Before the American Civil War, the pitcher's role was to initiate the action by offering an underhanded throw to the batter, in much the same way that a basketball referee offers up a jump ball to begin play.[6] Since this type of pitching often caused the batter to hit lazy, foul pop-ups, catchers played their position approximately twenty to twenty-five feet behind the batter, and wore no protective equipment.[6]
As the game progressed towards professionals and became more serious, pitchers began to attempt to prevent the batter from hitting the ball by throwing faster pitches.[6] With the introduction of the called strike in 1858, catchers began inching closer to home plate due to the rules requirement that a strikeout could only be completed by a catch.[6] The rules governing the delivery of pitches proved to be hard to enforce, and pitchers continued to stretch the boundaries of the rules until the 1870s when the release point of pitches had reached the pitcher's waist level.[6] Pitchers had begun throwing overhand by 1884, when the National League made a rule change removing all restrictions on the pitcher's delivery.[7]
These developments meant that catchers began to take on a crucial defensive role, as a pitcher's deceptive deliveries could only be effective if the catcher was capable of fielding them.[6] The progression of the catcher positioning themselves closer to the plate would lead to changes in pitching deliveries that would revolutionize the sport.[6] In the 1870s, pitcher Candy Cummings was able to introduce the curveball because his catcher, Nat Hicks, fielded his position in close proximity to home plate and was able to catch the deceptive pitch.[6] Other specialized pitches such as the spitball and the knuckleball followed, which further emphasized the defensive importance of the catcher's position.[6]
At about the same time that catchers began fielding their position closer to home plate, baseball teams began using a less rubbery ball which led to a decline in the number of runs scored.[8] In the 1860s it was common for teams to score fifty or sixty runs in a game.[6] The combination of the new, harder ball and the continuation of the rise in pitcher's release points helped usher in what became known as the Dead-ball era.[6] The decrease in run production placed greater significance on stolen bases and bunts, which in turn emphasized the crucial defensive role played by catchers.[6] In 1901, the National League introduced a new rule specifying that the catcher must stand within 10 feet of home plate.[7] The American League adopted the rule the following year.[7]
The rising velocity of pitches in conjunction with catchers gradually moving closer to home plate significantly increased the risk of injuries for catchers, especially face and hand injuries. By the late 1870s, catchers began to use padded, fingerless gloves to protect their hands, and in 1877 the first protective catcher's mask was used.[6] The first catchers to use protective masks sometimes had their courage called into question, but the effectiveness of the masks in preventing injuries meant that they became widely accepted.[6] In the 1880s, the first padded chest protectors came into use, and in 1888 specialized catcher's mitts used on the non-throwing hand began to be used.[6][7] The final pieces of protective gear were shin guards which were first worn by catcher Roger Bresnahan in 1907.[9] Together, the rules changes and the new protective equipment transformed the catcher's defensive role to the way that it is presently played.[6]
The catcher is usually the first to notice the tendencies, quirks, and peculiarities of each home-plate umpire. Some umpires favor high strikes, pitched balls that are technically above the strike zone but appear, to the umpire, to be good. Conversely, some umpires will call low pitches strikes even when they are slightly below the knees. Other umpires have an inside bias or an outside bias; some umpires have more than one bias; some are uniformly lenient; some have very restricted notions of the strike zone, and the pitcher will constantly feel that their pitches are unfairly judged. The catcher can exploit an umpire's tendencies by taking them into account in when receiving the ball.
The catcher can help their pitcher get more strike calls from the umpire by using a technique called "framing". This practice is a matter of a catcher keeping the mitt inside the strike zone, or making the pitch appear as close to the strike zone, when receiving the pitch, thereby giving the plate umpire the impression that the pitch is in the strike zone, even if it is not. When framing, a catcher will also hold their mitt still for a second or two so that the umpire has an opportunity to thoroughly consider their call (and, hopefully, let their innate biases influence their decision in a direction favorable to the catcher's team).
The catcher, when receiving a borderline pitch, usually has several options in how they make the catch. They can catch the pitch in the webbing of their mitt or in the heel; they can catch the pitch on their forehand or backhand, as necessary; they can catch a low pitch with the mitt pointed upward or downward. These choices help the catcher to create a favorable presentation (or frame) for the umpire.
A variation on "framing" is called "pulling pitches". The general approach is to catch the half of the ball that is outside the strike zone and show the umpire only the half of the ball, lodged in the mitt, that is closer to the zone. The illusion is often enhanced with a slight 'tug' of the mitt (of an inch or two) toward the strike zone.
By rule, the catcher must station directly back of the plate (generally in the catcher's box) the moment a pitch is thrown but may leave at any time to catch a pitch or make a play. The moment an intentional ball leaves a pitcher's hand, the catcher must have both feet in the catcher's box.[10] The catcher is the only defensive player who is allowed to be in foul territory when a pitch is thrown.[11]
If a pitch is thrown and the catcher has extended their arm resulting in the catcher's glove being contacted by the batter's swinging bat, a catcher's interference is called, and the batter is awarded first base. This is recorded as an error. If the bases were loaded, it results in a run being scored, but since it is an error it is not awarded to the batter as run batted in. The catcher's interference call is uncommon. Also, an interference penalty may be declined by the batting team, such as when a better result ensues.
To block balls that a pitcher throws on a bounce toward home plate (pitches that are said to be "in the dirt"), the catcher will slide their body to the left or right, as necessary, to place themselves directly in the path of the ball. Once in position, they push towards the ball while dropping to their knees, place their mitt between their legs to prevent the ball from passing through, and lean forward to deaden the rebound when, and if, the ball bounces off their thigh or torso. Although inexperienced catchers may try to catch the errant pitch with the mitt, coaches often prioritize the catcher's ability to "keep the ball in front of the body" than to make a catch with their mitt.[citation needed] Ideally, the catcher will be able to knock the ball to the ground where it will stop within arm's reach. To perform this properly, without the ball being deflected in an undesirable direction, the catcher must angle their body so that their chest is always leaning forward, toward home plate. Tucking your chin or looking the ball in will help with deadening the ball like this. This maneuver is often difficult, and its difficulty depends largely on how fast the ball is traveling, the angle at which the ball is thrown into the ground, where it first hits the ground, the firmness of the ground it hits, and the manner in which it is spinning.
As of April 2011[update] 15 of 30 Major League Baseball managers were former catchers.[12] Because catchers are considered a captain on the field (and some, such as Thurman Munson and Jason Varitek were in fact team captains), they are often in charge of planning defensive plays; thus, the catcher will give signs to the pitcher for what pitch is to be thrown.[1]
Calling the game refers to the act of catchers deciding the type of pitch delivered to home plate.[1] The responsibility for selecting the type of pitch was traditionally made by the catcher.[1] It is not unusual for a catcher to briefly look at the posture and position of the batter-in-turn prior to calling the next pitch; even the way a batter holds the bat may shed some indication of what the strategy may be. The selection of which pitch to use can depend on a wide variety of situations such as the type of hitter that is being faced, whether there are any base runners, how many outs have been made in the inning, or the current score, among others.
Since a catcher uses their fingers to signal and communicate with the pitcher, they may wear colorful stickers on their nails to accentuate the motion of the fingers and thus help with the visibility of the signal. As an alternative, the catcher may wear painted nails, such as with fluorescent polish.[13]
Starting in 2022, Major League catchers began wearing a PitchCom device on their wrist. This was done in an attempt to curb the prevalence of sign stealing, which reached its peak after the Houston Astros were caught stealing signs during their World Series-winning 2017 season.
A catcher nearly always throws with their right hand since most hitters are right-handed and stand to the left side of the plate when batting, so a catcher who throws left-handed is forced to take some time to sidestep (or otherwise avoid) the right-handed hitter when they throw from behind the plate. In addition, a lefty's throw would tend to come in on the shortstop side of the bag, while a righty's throw would be on the second base side of the bag, which is where the runner is coming in. Consequently, players who are left-handed rarely play catcher. Left-handed catchers have only caught eleven big-league games since 1902,[14] and Jack Clements, who played for 17 years at the end of the nineteenth century, is the only man in the history of baseball to play more than three hundred games as a left-handed catcher.[15] However, some observers, including the famed statistician Bill James and ESPN writer Rob Neyer,[16] have suggested that the real reason that there are no left-handed catchers is because left-handed players with strong throwing arms are almost always encouraged, at an early age, to become pitchers. Benny Distefano, the last lefty thrower to catch a big-league game (in 1989), noted that lefty catchers have difficulty on bunts up the third base line and on fielding throws home for plays at the plate.[17] Others suggest that fielding bunts up the 3rd base line would give the catcher a better throw to 1st base or 2nd base.
Unlike the other fielders, the catcher and pitcher must start every play in a designated area. The catcher must be behind home plate in the catcher's box, while the pitcher must be on the pitcher's mound, with one foot in contact with the pitcher's rubber. Once the ball is in play, however, the catcher and pitcher, like the other fielders, can respond to any part of the field necessary to make or assist in a defensive play.[18] The defensive plays expected of catchers, aside from managing the pitcher by calling for pitches and catching them, include:
Preventing wild pitches and avoiding passed balls. Although the pitcher has a responsibility to throw with reasonable accuracy, catchers must be mobile enough to catch (or block) errant pitches. By doing so, a catcher prevents baserunners from advancing while the loose ball is retrieved. An errant pitch that eludes the catcher and allows a baserunner to take one or more additional bases is called a wild pitch. (Techniques for blocking wild pitches are described in the previous section.) A pitched ball which would require only ordinary effort to be caught or blocked by the catcher—but is nonetheless misplayed, allowing a base runner to advance—is called a "passed ball".
Fielding high pop flies, often hit at unusual angles. In this case, the catcher must turn their back to the field in order to properly account for the spin of the ball, which often follows unpredictable paths.
Fielding catchable foul balls, in foul territory near the home plate.
Fielding weakly hit fair ground balls (including bunts) in front of home plate in order to throw to a base to complete a groundout or a fielder's choice play. The catcher must avoid hitting the batter-runner with the thrown ball, implying that they must move to a position in which they have a clear throw to the infielder at first base.
Guarding home plate on plays in which a baserunner attempts to score a run. The catcher is often obliged to catch a ball thrown from a fielder and to tag out a runner arriving from third base. Naturally, the runner's objective, in this situation, is to elude the catcher's tag and touch the plate. Prior to 2014, the catcher's best strategy was to block the runner's path so as to prevent the runner from reaching the plate at all. Collisions between runners and catchers were common. Since the start of the 2014 season, a catcher may only obstruct a runner's path to home plate when he, the catcher, is in possession of the ball. Without the ball in hand, the catcher must allow the runner to score uncontested. If the catcher drops the ball while tagging the runner, the runner is safe. Although contact between a runner and a catcher was generally allowed in the major leagues until the beginning of the 2014 season, little league, high school, and college runners are encouraged or mandated to avoid significant contact.[19]
Preventing stolen bases by throwing to second base or third base to allow an infielder to tag a baserunner attempting to reach the base. A catcher who is very good at preventing stolen bases is said to have a low stolen-base percentage. (A pitcher who is slow to deliver is often more at fault for stolen bases than the catcher is.) Ideally, a catcher should be able to get the ball from their glove to that of the player covering second base in under two seconds. This is referred to as a catcher's "pop time", the time elapsing between the popping sound of the pitch striking the catcher's mitt and the similar pop when the ball arrives at the glove of the fielder covering second base.
Rarely, a catcher can make a successful pick-off throw to a base to surprise an inattentive or incautious baserunner. Especially at the higher levels of baseball (where this play almost never results in an out), the catcher's snap throws are mainly for psychological effect. If the runner knows that the catcher often attempts snap throws, the runner is likely to take a smaller lead from their base before each pitch, which will allow the infielders an extra fraction of a second to throw the runner out at the next base if they attempt to advance (as, for example, when a ground ball is hit). Yadier Molina of the St. Louis Cardinals and former MLB catcher Iván Rodríguez are known for using pickoffs with success, particularly at first base.[20] Teams may sometimes call a deliberate play, the pitchout, wherein the pitcher intentionally throws the ball wide and high to the catcher, who comes out of their crouch to receive it and relays the ball quickly to a base to put a runner out.
Rarely, a catcher will run to first base or third base to participate in rundown plays at those bases.
In certain game situations, typically a ball batted to the shortstop or third baseman with no runners on base, the catcher may be expected to back-up first base in case the first baseman misses or mishandles a throw.
In certain game situations, when a runner is on first and the batter bunts the ball or hits the ball softly, which causes the third baseman to rush in to get the ball and throw to first base, the catcher must cover third base so that the runner from first base does not advance to third base on the play and this then forces the third baseman to cover home plate.
Any failure by the catcher can have dire consequences for their team. Passed balls are possible whenever one or more runners are on base. A failure to catch a ball thrown from the outfield on a play at home plate, or a failure to tag a runner, means that the defensive team fails to record an all-important out and, instead, it allows a run. On an attempt to prevent a stolen base, a catcher's bad throw might careen past the infielder and skip into the outfield, allowing an additional advance by the baserunner.
Though not exactly a play, "psyching the batter" refers to a casual attempt by the catcher to distract the batter prior to the pitcher throwing the ball. As long as it does not fall in a lack of sportsmanship, such as offensiveness, and as long as the umpire permits it, the catcher may mention a specific throw or say something funny to try to distract the opponent to cause them to err.
Because of the close mental relationship and trust that a successful pitcher must have with his catcher, a number of catchers throughout history have become preferred by pitchers, to the point that the catcher will almost always (especially during the regular season) start along with the pitcher. The catcher is then informally referred to as that pitcher's personal catcher.[citation needed]
Naturally, the potential problem with this arrangement is that if the pitcher prefers to work with the team's backup catcher, then the regular catcher—presumably the better player—must be benched. However, because of the physically grueling nature of the position, many "regular" catchers are asked to either rest relatively frequently or play a different position such as first base or designated hitter.
Personal catchers are often used for pitchers who specialize in throwing knuckleballs because of the difficulty of catching such an inconsistent and erratic pitch.
Some personal catchers have included:
The catcher is the most physically demanding position in baseball, more so than the pitcher. Despite being heavily padded, catchers routinely suffer some of the worst physical abuse in baseball. The catcher has the physically risky job of blocking the plate to prevent base runners from reaching home and scoring runs. Catchers also constantly get bruised and battered by pitches, foul balls, and occasionally the bat in an undisciplined follow-through of the batter's swing.
Catchers also are prone to knee ailments stemming from the awkward crouching stance they assume. Because of this, catchers have a reputation for being slow baserunners (perhaps the most notable of whom is Ernie Lombardi); even if they have speed at the beginning of their careers, the eventual toll taken on their knees slows them down, although there are some exceptions, such as Manny Sanguillén and Jason Kendall. Some players who begin their career as catchers are moved to other positions in order to preserve their running speed, increase their availability for games (mainly catchers with either poor defensive skills, recurring injuries, or were blocked by the presence of a more talented catcher), and take advantage of their prowess with the bat. Prominent examples of catchers switching position (mainly first base) in mid-career include Mike Napoli, Craig Biggio, B. J. Surhoff, Joe Torre, Víctor Martínez, Joe Mauer, Carlos Santana, Brandon Inge, and Dale Murphy (although Murphy was also known as a poor thrower to the pitcher and to second base, nearly hitting pitchers in the process).[28]
As a result, catchers often have shorter careers than players at other positions; consequently, few catchers hold batting records that require many seasons of play to compile. Mike Piazza is the only catcher in history with more than 400 career home runs, and no catcher has amassed 3,000 career hits (Iván Rodríguez leads all Major League catchers with 2,844 hits). Although 3,000 hit club member Craig Biggio played his first three full seasons as a catcher, he played his remaining sixteen seasons at second base and in the outfield.
The larger or heavier the catcher, the greater the health risks associated with repeatedly assuming a crouching or squatting position; knees and backs are especially vulnerable to "wear-and-tear" injuries. Catchers also have an increased risk of circulatory abnormalities in the catching hand. A study of minor-league ballplayers showed that, of 36 players in various positions, all nine of the catchers had hand pain during a game, and several had chronic pain in the catching hand. Catching high-speed pitches can, in some cases, cause the index finger on the gloved hand to swell to twice the size of the other fingers. Ultrasound and blood-pressure tests showed altered blood flow in the gloved hand of five of the catchers, a far higher incidence than in the hands of players at other baseball positions.[29]
Catchers in baseball use the following equipment to help prevent injury while behind the plate:
Additionally, some catchers choose to use the following optional equipment:
In addition to their protective equipment, a catcher usually also adopts practices that minimize the risk of injury. For instance, unlike fielders elsewhere on the field, a catcher tries, to the extent possible, to catch the ball with their gloved hand alone. An outfielder may catch a fly ball by covering the ball, once it strikes the pocket of their glove, with their bare hand in order to secure it. The catcher, however, tries to keep their bare hand, which is highly vulnerable to injury, out of harm's way by presenting the pitcher with a target (the large round glove) while hiding their unprotected throwing hand behind their back or ankle. By doing so, the bare hand cannot be struck by a foul tip. Many broken fingers, split fingernails, and grotesque dislocations are avoided by adherence to this simple expedient.
Given the physical punishment suffered by catchers, the pieces of equipment associated with the position are often referred to as "the tools of ignorance". This is an ironic expression; the catcher typically has the most thorough understanding of baseball tactics and strategies of any player on a team.[citation needed]
Catchers often experience knee tendinitis because of the constant squatting and bending of the knees while catching.
As of 2019, nineteen men who played primarily as catchers have been inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame, in Cooperstown, New York. They are:
Catchers are also represented in a number of other Baseball Halls of Fame around the world, such as in the Canadian Baseball Hall of Fame or the Japanese Baseball Hall of Fame.[31]
Other sports
| 2023-08-27 17:08:14 |
Ministry of Railways (India) - Wikipedia |
The Ministry of Railways is a ministry in the Government of India, responsible for the country's rail transport. The ministry operates as the statutory body of the Indian Railways, an organisation that operates as a monopoly in rail transport and is headed by the Chairman and CEO of Railway Board. The Ministry of Railways along with the Railway Board is housed inside Rail Bhawan in New Delhi.
The ministry has a Union Minister and Minister of State. A number of directorates report to the Railway Board. Most of the officers posted in Ministry of Railways are either from organised "Group A Railway services" or the Railway Board Secretariat Service.
The statutory body reports to parliament and is under the ownership of Ministry of Railways of the Government of India. The Indian Railway Board comprises one Chairman, seven members of the Railway Board,[5] and a Financial Commissioner (who is the representative of the Ministry of Finance in the Railway Board). It also includes a Director-General (Railway Health Services, personnel, and Railway Protection Force).
The name change of railway stations in India require approval by the Indian Railway Board.[6]
Current Minister of Railways:
Current Minister of State, Railways:
Present Members of Railway Board:
Director General (RHS): Bishnu Prasad Nanda
Below is the list of individuals who have served as the Railway Minister of India[9] from 1947 to till date.
In 1901, on the recommendations of Sir Thomas Robertson Committee regarding the administration and working of the railways, an early version of the railway board was constituted. It initially had three members.
In 1905, its powers were formalised by Lord Curzon's government. Its membership consisted of a Government Railway official, who was the chairman of the board, a railway manager from England and an agent of a Company Railway. The board was placed under the Department of Commerce and Industry of the Indian Government.
In 1921, a reorganisation of the Railway Board was carried out, and a Chief Commissioner of Railways was appointed, who was solely responsible to the Government for decisions on technical matters and for advising the Government on matters of policy. Pursuant to the Acworth Committee's recommendations in 1921, the Railway Board was reconstituted with effect from 1 April 1924. The reconstituted board consisted of the Chief Commissioner, a Financial Commissioner and two members. One was responsible for ways and works, and projects and stores. The other was responsible for general administration, staff and traffic.
In 1929, an additional post at the member level was added to the board. It was given responsibility for staff, so that the member in charge of traffic could focus solely on transport and commercial matters. During this time, Frank D'Souza became the first Indian member of the board.[10]
In April, 1951 the post of Chief Commissioner was abolished and the senior-most functional member was appointed the chairman of the board, resulting in a membership of four.
In October 1954, the chairman of the board was made responsible for decisions on technical and policy matters, with the status of a Principal Secretary to Government in the Ministry of Railways. One more Member was also added and the strength of the Board again became five.[11]
In 1988, a new member with responsibility for signals, telecommunication and electrical matters was added to the board. On 16 April 2019 two more members, one with responsibility for signals and telecommunications, and another for material management, joined the board. At this point, the Railway Board had a strength of eight—a Chairman, and seven members. The Chairman is assisted by officers of Railway Board Secretariat Service.
On 24 December 2019, the Union Cabinet decided to reduce the size of the board from eight to five. It also decided to merge its different cadres into a single Railway Management Service. The newly constituted Board will have Members for "Operation, [sic] Business Development, Human Resources, Infrastructure and Finance".[12]
The East India Railway Committee, chaired by Sir William Acworth reported that there was a need for unified management of the entire railway system. On the recommendations of this committee and ratification of a resolution to do so in 1921, the government took over the actual management of all the railways, and also separated the railway finances from the general governmental finances. It also began to present the Railway Budget separately from the general budget of India every year. The Railway Board was expanded to have a Financial Commissioner, a member in charge of ways, works, stores and projects, and a member in charge of administration, staff, and traffic. Accordingly, from 1 April 1929, the responsibility for the compilation of accounts for the Railways was taken over by the Financial Commissioner, Railways from the Auditor General.
The last Railway Budget[13] was presented on 25 February 2016 by Mr. Suresh Prabhu. The Modi government on 21 September 2016 approved merger of the rail and general budgets from 2017, ending a 92-year-old colonial era practice of a separate budget.[14]
On 14 February 2008, Westinghouse Air Brake Technologies Corporation, listed on the New York Stock Exchange, admitted to violating Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) regulations by making improper payments from its subsidiary Pioneer Friction Limited, based in Kolkata, to government officials of the Indian railway board. Payments were made in order to obtain and retain business with the Railway Board and curb taxes.[15]
On 3 May 2013, the CBI arrested then Minister of Railways Pawan Kumar Bansal's nephew, Vijay Singla for accepting an alleged bribe of ₹9 million (US$110,000), which was part of a larger sum of Rs. 100 million (US$16.2 million) from a middleman on behalf of Mahesh Kumar, in return for his appointment as Member (Electrical) of the Railway Board.[16][17][18] Mahesh Kumar was suspended, although the Railway Board clarified that no rules had been broken during the appointment of Mahesh Kumar.[19]
| 2023-08-27 17:08:18 |
Guadana - Wikipedia |
12, see text
Guadana is a genus of South American huntsman spiders that was first described by C. A. Rheims in 2010.[2]
As of November 2021[update] it contains twelve species, found in Ecuador, Peru, Brazil and French Guiana:[1]
This Sparassidae-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. | 2023-08-27 17:08:21 |
Talkin' bout My Baby - Wikipedia | "Talkin' bout My Baby" (or "Talking 'bout My Baby") is a song by English big beat musician Fatboy Slim, released in 2002 as a single from his third studio album Halfway Between the Gutter and the Stars. The 12" single released for the song contained a remix of "Drop the Hate" as its b-side. Upon its release, it peaked at No. 92 on the UK Singles Chart.[citation needed] The vocal samples are taken from the Wet Willie recording "Macon Hambone Blues". The piano sample is Erik Satie's Gymnopédies.
This 2000s British single-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. | 2023-08-27 17:08:25 |
Waheedul Haq - Wikipedia | Waheedul Haq (Bengali: ওয়াহিদুল হক; March 16, 1933 – January 27, 2007) was a journalist, writer, and musicologist of Tagore songs.[1]
Haq was born on March 16, 1933, at Bhawal Monoharia village under Keraniganj Upazila.[citation needed] His father, Mazharul Haq, was a member of Bengal legislative assembly in 1946. His mother was Mewa Begum. Waheedul was the eldest of three brothers and two sisters. His brother Rezaul Haq is a journalist and another brother Ziaul Haq was a martyr in 1971.[citation needed]
Haq grew up in the old part of Dhaka city and was educated in the Dhaka College. He married Sanjida Khatun and had three children: Apala Farhat Naved (late), Partha Tanveer Naved, and Ruchira Tabassum Naved.[citation needed]
Haq and other activists founded Chhayanaut in 1961.[2][3][4]
He also founded Kanthashilon, Nalonda, Anandadhani, Fulki, Bratochari Samity and Bashanto Utsab Udjapon Parishad. He formed the Jatiya Rabindra Sangeet Sammilon Parishad in 1980. He was also involved in filmmaking and the film society movement during the 1960s. He also composed the musical scores for the Indian director Ritwik Ghatak's film Titash Ekti Nadir Naam.
During his fifty-five-year career in journalism, Haq wrote for The Daily Star, where he worked as an Assistant Editor and later as a Joint Editor.[citation needed] He was a shift in-charge of the Daily Observer in the 1960s. Since the late 1990s he worked as a freelance columnist in several newspapers including Bhorer Kagoj, Janakantha, The New Nation, The Morning News and The People.
Haq died at Dhaka's Birdem Hospital on 27 January 2007.[citation needed] He had been suffering from pneumonia and lung and kidney diseases and had been undergoing treatment at the hospital for few weeks.[citation needed]
| 2023-08-27 17:08:28 |
Kongsberg Mesotech - Wikipedia | Kongsberg Mesotech Ltd, based in Port Coquitlam, BC, Canada, is informally[1] operated by Kongsberg Gruppen. Website Proff.no does not include the company on the lists of subsidiaries of Kongsberg Gruppen[2] or[3] Kongsberg Maritime.
Mesotech make underwater surveillance and advanced frogman detection sonar systems.
The company was formed in 1973 to design and manufacture underwater acoustic equipment. Today Kongsberg Mesotech Ltd. supplies a worldwide customer base with a range of products for military, fisheries, oilfield, scientific, and other offshore market applications.
Kongsberg Mesotech's Vancouver office is responsible for the design, manufacture and sales of underwater acoustic products, including:
Kongsberg Mesotech makes over 100 models of multibeam, scanning, side scan, echo sounder, and altimeter sonar combinations.
Kongsberg Mesotech's breakthrough came in 1982 with the development of the Model 971 Scanning Sonar. This high resolution scanning sonar was quickly accepted by military and offshore oilfield market users, and soon became a standard for all ROV operations. In 1984 Mesotech was awarded the "Special Meritorious Award for Engineering Innovation" for the 971 Sonar by Petroleum Engineering International, and Pipeline & Gas Journal magazines.
In 1997, the Kongsberg Mesotech introduced the SM 2000 Multibeam Sonar, the FS 925 Forward Scanning Trawl Sonar and the MS 900D Digital Telemetry Mechanically Scanned Sonar Processor. In 1999 the PC-based MS 1000 Scanning Sonar Processor, and the 1071-series of scanning sonar heads and altimeters were added to the suite of Kongsberg Mesotech equipment.
This article about a Canadian corporation or company is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. | 2023-08-27 17:08:31 |
Sir Charles Douglas, 1st Baronet - Wikipedia |
Rear Admiral Sir Charles Douglas, 1st Baronet (1727 – 17 March 1789) was a descendant of the Earls of Morton and a distinguished British naval officer. He is particularly known for his part in the Battle of the Saintes during the American War of Independence where he helped pioneer the tactic of "breaking the line".
Douglas was born in Carr, Perthshire, Scotland to Charles Ayton Douglas and Christian Hepburn of Kinglassie. Little is known of his early life, although it is established that he could speak six languages. He joined the Royal Navy at the age of twelve, and spent some time in the Dutch service before resuming his career with the British.
He was a midshipman at the Siege of Louisbourg (1745), promoted to lieutenant in 1753 and to commander in 1759. By the end of the war in 1763, he was captain of HMS Syren. While commanding the Syren, Sir Charles reported the attack on St. John's and took part in recapturing Newfoundland.
Following the war, Sir Charles went to Saint Petersburg to help re-organize the Russian navy for Catherine the Great in 1764–1765.
He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in May, 1770 for carrying out "a series of curious experiments to determine the different degrees of cold at different depths in the Sea".[1]
After the American War of Independence broke out in America in 1775, Douglas was given command of a squadron to relieve Quebec from the siege. When he arrived at the Gulf of St. Lawrence, he decided to ram the ice and successfully made his way up the river, surprising the Americans and putting them on the run. He was also in charge of creating a navy from scratch to fight on Lake Champlain, and that small fleet routed the Americans under Benedict Arnold. In 1777, he was made a baronet for his service in Quebec. As captain of HMS Stirling Castle, he took part in the first Battle of Ushant.
In 1781, Sir Charles became Captain-of-the-Fleet for George Brydges Rodney, 1st Baron Rodney, and was with Rodney on his flagship, Formidable, at the Battle of the Saintes off Dominica, where on 12 April 1782, they defeated the Comte de Grasse by breaking the French line. Douglas is credited by many, including Sir Charles Dashwood (a midshipman present at the time who later became an admiral himself), for having the idea for the manoeuvre, but it is a subject of much debate.
In 1783, he was made the Commander-in-Chief of North America at the Halifax, Nova Scotia Station, but resigned due to a conflict. In 1787 he became a rear-admiral, and in 1789 was once again made commander of the Nova Scotia station, but died of apoplexy before taking his post.
Douglas was married three times: first to a Dutch woman called Uranie Lidie Marteilhe, with whom he had a son and a daughter; second to Sarah Wood of Yorkshire, the mother of Sir Howard Douglas; and third to a woman named Jane, daughter of John Baillie. There is a great deal of confusion regarding the identity of Sir Charles' third wife, whose last name has been variously reported as Baillie, Grew, and Brisbane. It appears that some sources have mistaken his sister, Helena Baillie, for his third wife because she raised his younger children while he was at sea. The name Helen Brisbaine is also an error based on a mistake in The Scottish Nation (1862) where it says she was married to Admiral Sir Charles Douglas when, in fact, she was the wife of Admiral Sir James Douglas.[1] When his eldest daughter, Lydia Mariana, married Rev. Richard Bingham against his wishes, he disinherited her. Following his death, Lydia and her husband sued for a share of his estate, and the case was appealed until finally being decided against them in the House of Lords in 1796. The case is made famous because of a letter Lydia had written to Adam Smith, a friend and distant relative of Sir Charles, requesting his assistance in reconciling the father and daughter.
Douglas is buried in the ground south of the church in Greyfriars Kirkyard in Edinburgh and a memorial lies on the outer south face of the church near the east gable.
Sir Charles was known as a mechanical genius,[2] and many of his suggestions for improvements on naval vessels, including the substitution of flintlocks for matches, were adopted by the Admiralty for the entire Royal Navy.
He was succeeded as Baronet of Carr by his sons, Vice-Admiral Sir William Henry Douglas, 2nd Baronet, and General Sir Howard Douglas, 3rd Baronet, who became a General, lieutenant-governor of New Brunswick, MP for Liverpool, and Lord High Chancellor of the Ionian Islands.
Both Douglastown and Douglas Township, (the village of Kennetcook, Nova Scotia and surrounding area), are named after him. The song "Caillich Odhar" was composed by Nathaniel Gow in his honor.
| 2023-08-27 17:08:35 |
Scott Crossley - Wikipedia | Scott Andrew Crossley (born 1973) is an American linguist. He is a professor of applied linguistics at Vanderbilt University, United States.[1] His research focuses on natural language processing and the application of computational tools and machine learning algorithms in learning analytics including second language acquisition, second language writing, and readability. His main interest area is the development and use of natural language processing tools in assessing writing quality and text difficulty.
Along with Cumming, Hyland, Kormos, Matsuda, Manchón, Ortega, Polio, Storch and Verspoor he is considered one of the most prominent researchers on second language writing.
Crossley obtained his Bachelor of Arts degree in history at the California State University of Northridge in 1999. In the same year he obtained a Teaching English as a second or foreign language certificate at the University of Memphis. He got his Master of Arts degree in English language at the University of Memphis in 2002 and a Doctor of Philosophy degree in 2006.
Crossley is noted for his work on second language acquisition with a special focus on second language writing and second language vocabulary. In his research he focused on coherence, cohesion, latent semantic analysis, hypernymy and readability. He is noted for the use of computational tools such as Coh-Metrix.
Crossley has been involved in the development of numerous natural language processing tools such as Constructed Response Analysis Tool (CRAT), Sentiment Analysis and Cognition Engine (SEANCE), Simple NLP (SiNLP), Tool for the Automatic Analysis of Lexical Sophistication (TAALES), Tool for the Automatic Analysis of Text Cohesion (TAACO), Tool for the Automatic Analysis of Syntactic Sophistication and Complexity (TAASSC).
Crossley's work has been published in the Written Communication,[2] The Modern Language Journal,[3] TESOL Quarterly,[4] Journal of Second Language Writing,[5] Language Learning,[6] and Studies in Second Language Acquisition.[7]
| 2023-08-27 17:08:39 |
Edith Ottosen - Wikipedia | Edith Charlotte Ottosen (June 18, 1928 – January 17, 1990)[1][2] was a Norwegian actress.
Ottosen was born in Levanger, Norway.[3] She grew up in Copenhagen, and in 1951 she debuted at the Aarhus Theater.[2] From 1954 to 1984, she was engaged with the Rogaland Theater,[3][4] where she was a driving force and played a wide repertoire, including Evelinde in Arne Garborg's Læraren, Elmire in Molière's Tartuffe, Maria in Anton Chekhov's Uncle Vanya, and the locally popular Bertine in Leiv Isaksen's Maktå på Straen.[2]
| 2023-08-27 17:08:43 |
Meraker Brug - Wikipedia | AS Meraker Brug is a company which owns 1,330 square kilometres (510 sq mi) of wilderness and forest estate, mostly in Meråker, Norway. Activities include forestry, cabin rental, hunting and fishing. It owns 1,219 square kilometres (471 sq mi) in Meråker, consisting of 96% of the municipality, 63 square kilometres (24 sq mi) in Malvik, 48 square kilometres (19 sq mi) in Stjørdal and 0.5 square kilometres (0.19 sq mi) in Steinkjer.[1][2] 250 square kilometres (97 sq mi) is productive forest. The company used to be owned by the Astrup family, who live in the Oslo area.[3] But in 2022 the Norwegian Government bought the company for 2.65 billion NOK, and is now owned by Statskog. [4]
Commercial activities in Meråker started the first centuries BCE, with iron mining and later charcoal and tar. Later copper mines and sawmills were established. The estate eventually became known as Selbo Kobberverk ("Selbo Copper Works"), which was bought by Hans Rasmus Astrup, which changed name to Meraker Brug. After Astrup's death in 1898, the estate was sold and was incorporated in 1906, and by then consisted of Mostadmarken gods, Hommelvik Bruk, the Port of Muruvik, Tangen Sagbruk, a sawmill in Stjørdal, Nustad Tresliperi, a sawmill, the carbide plant in Meråker (later Elkem Meraker), the copper mines and a limestone quarry in Meråker, as well as the hunting, fishing, waterfall and forestry rights on the real estate. It was bought by Thomas Fearnley, who incorporated the company after merging in the estates Forbygdgodset and Mostadmarka.[5][3]
| 2023-08-27 17:08:46 |
List of Adelaide United FC seasons - Wikipedia |
Adelaide United Football Club, a professional association football club based in Hindmarsh, Adelaide. The club was founded in September 2003 as they competed in the final season of the National Soccer League (NSL) as they replaced Adelaide City FC in the league.[1] In October 2004, they announced their team to compete in the A-League which was the replacement for the NSL.[2]
The first season of the new league saw the club win the minor premiership before losing to Central Coast Mariners FC in the preliminary final.[3][4]
Key to league competitions:
Key to colours and symbols:
Key to league record:
Key to cup record:
| 2023-08-27 17:08:49 |
Chasing New Horizons - Wikipedia | Chasing New Horizons: Inside the Epic First Mission to Pluto is a book by American planetary scientist Alan Stern and astrobiologist and non-fiction writer David Grinspoon, published in 2018. Grinspoon acts as a narrator, though the book is written from Alan Stern's perspective; he is the principal investigator of New Horizons mission to Pluto.
The book tells a story of a space probe to Pluto, that was proposed by the author, Alan Stern, in the early 1990s. The mission had been cancelled several times, and there were a harsh competition between Stern's group and that of JPL to get approval of the mission design from NASA.
Kirkus reviews called the book "an exploration of the fascinating science and complex bureaucracy behind the first journey to Pluto", and pointed that the authors "deliver a meticulously detailed, riveting chronicle of America’s history-making mission to Pluto, escorting readers through the immense hurdles and hard work involved in the landmark mission."[1] Another review praised the book saying that "Stern and Grinspoon recreate the mission’s highs and lows in a compulsively readable tale. In the hands of less gifted storytellers, much of the early years— the internal competition for funds, a feud with Jet Propulsion Laboratory, NASA’s alternating red and green lights—would have been tedious. But Stern and Grinspoon skillfully tease out the drama, with vivid portraits of the young scientists and engineers who were willing to stake their careers on challenges straight out of a Star Wars film".[2] Review by the Wall Street Journal juxtaposed public awareness of a photos made by the probe and of a team behind it. "The image captured a bright white region on Pluto's surface in the shape of a heart, "creating an emotional attachment for this small, previously indistinct planet at the edge of our planetary system," write Alan Stern and David Grinspoon in their riveting account Chasing New Horizons. Many are still unaware of the 2,500 people that it took to snap that picture—as well as the many years of waiting."[3]
Louisa Preston noted in a review for the Physics World that the book "reads like a novel", but also noted that it is biased in favor of Stern:
What follows next however is the story of decades of disappointment and a real insight into how hard it is to get any space mission off the ground. Going into this part of the book, I thought I would be a bit bored – who really wants to read about funding wars and academic rivalries? Well, it turns out that I do. The narrative of this part of the story is incredibly emotive and almost exciting. Grinspoon portrays NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory staff as the villains – trying to control and influence a project that was never theirs to begin with. His obviously biased view positions Stern as the hero – a veritable rebel fighting "the establishment".[4] Despite of this, her review is positive, and she said that "book is really Grinspoon and Stern’s chance to pay homage to the thousands of people who played a part in making this mission a success."[4]
Virgil Adumitroaie in a review for AIAA Journal was impressed how "The authors' passion for space exploration transpires equally in doom and gloom or elating situations and is only surpassed by their indestructible optimism."[5]
| 2023-08-27 17:08:53 |
Playgroup (band) - Wikipedia |
Playgroup is a British dance act. It is the project of musician and designer Trevor Jackson.[1]
They were associated with the electroclash movement. Jackson has also performed under the names Underdog and Skull.
In 2001, Playgroup released the single "Number One", an up-tempo disco dance song. The music video was computer-animated and featured a tower PC which was transformed into a humanoid dancing robot during the song. The dancing PC performed various dance moves with disco to breakdance elements in a digital dance arena, complete with lighting effects. Among the moves are some signature ones of famous artists. The list included Michael Jackson's moonwalk and the glowing tiles under each footstep first seen in his "Billie Jean" video. The rocking version of the duckwalk popularized by Angus Young of AC/DC was also recreated by the computer-generated dancer. "Number One" peaked at number 66 on the UK Singles Chart.[1]
Playgroup also remixed the number one single "Carols" by Ayumi Hamasaki for her remix album, Ayu-mi-x 6: Silver.
| 2023-08-27 17:08:57 |
Suddenly It's Magic - Wikipedia |
Suddenly It's Magic is a 2012 Filipino-Thai romantic film directed by Filipino film director Rory Quintos, starring Thai actor Mario Maurer and Filipina actress Erich Gonzales. The film is produced by Star Cinema and was released on October 31, 2012, in the Philippines. On March 7, 2013, Baifern Pimchanok confirmed on her Twitter account that the movie will be screened in Thailand on March 14, 2013, at the Major Cineplex theater.[3] Following Thailand's premiere of the movie, on March 25, 2013, Cambodia's Legend Cinemas confirmed on their Facebook fanpage of the official screening of the movie in the country on March 28, 2013.[4]
The story depicts two star-crossed lovers: Marcus Hanson (Mario Maurer), a Thai superstar, and Joey Hermosa (Erich Gonzales), a Filipina baker. When Marcus decides to fly to the Philippines to escape from his career, he meets Joey. Even though their worlds collide, the two later fall in love. But their relationship is tested by conflicts from their worlds.
Joey Hermosa (Erich Gonzales) and Marcus Hanson (Mario Maurer) only have two things in common. One: they live to make fairy-tale romances happen — Joey through her exquisite wedding cakes; Marcus through the numerous romantic comedies he stars in. Two: their own love stories do not have the fairy-tale happy endings — she was just recently dumped at the altar; he just discovered that his on-screen partner and real-life girlfriend had fallen in love with another man.
Desperate to escape the media frenzy and the intrusive questions of the public about his love life and career, Marcus impulsively decides to go on vacation in the Philippines where he meets Joey who is determined to move forward with her life. Marcus finds himself drawn to Joey's passion for baking, and rediscovers his love for acting. In love once again, he invites her to join him in Thailand. Joey refuses at first, but she eventually follows him to Bangkok and allows herself to fall in love again. But their love encounters opposition from Marcus’ fans who are desperate to see him reunite with his ex-girlfriend, and from his overprotective mother. Moreover, Joey's responsibilities back home cause a strain in their relationship. Despite their love for each other, Joey and Marcus begin to question if their dreams are worth sacrificing for holiday romance suddenly turned serious. Then when Marcus got accepted in Hollywood he remembered Joey and went back to the Philippines and surprised her and took a balloon and attached it to a paper that says "Marcus and Joey Forever".[5][6]
The idea of doing the movie is due to the impact of Thai movie Crazy Little Thing Called Love[10] in the Philippines. Thai actor Mario Maurer became popular, resulting in a visit in the Philippines to become an endorser of a clothing brand, Penshoppe.[11][12] During the visit, he signed a one-movie contract with Star Cinema that was expected to be released in early 2012.[13][14] It was later confirmed by Maurer on his Fan Meeting that was held at the Philippine International Convention Center.[15] ABS-CBN then released a statement that Erich Gonzales will be Maurer's love interest in the movie entitled Suddenly It's Magic.[16] Gonzales revealed that she studied basic Thai language that she will be using in the movie.[17] On the other hand, Maurer also practiced the Tagalog language.[17] In April 2012, Maurer went back to the Philippines to shoot scenes in Paoay, Ilocos Norte, specifically in the Fort Ilocandia Hotel.[18][19][20] In May of the same year, the team went to Bangkok, Thailand to shoot for a month with other Thai actors that were cast in the film.[20][21] The shooting ended on June 19, 2012.[20] There was an attempt to change the title to I'm in love with a Thai actor; however it did not push through. A cameo role for Pimchanok Luevisadpaibul was also confirmed by PR (official promoter of Maurer in the Philippines).
Here are some schedule dates and venues for the international screening of Suddenly It's Magic:[22][23]
The film was a box-office success in the Philippines, grossing a total of ₱97,196,663 in its theatrical run.
| 2023-08-27 17:09:00 |
Wenche Wensberg - Wikipedia | Wenche Wensberg is a Norwegian handball player. She played 50 matches for the Norway women's national handball team between 1973 and 1977.[1] She participated at the 1973 and 1975 World Women's Handball Championship.
This biographical article related to Norwegian team handball is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. | 2023-08-27 17:09:03 |
Polonide - Wikipedia | A polonide is a chemical compound of the radioactive element polonium with any element less electronegative than polonium.[1] Polonides are usually prepared by a direct reaction between the elements at temperatures of around 300–400 °C.[2][3] They are amongst the most chemically stable compounds of polonium,[4] and can be divided into two broad groups:
Some polonides are intermediate between these two cases and others are non-stoichiometric compounds. Alloys containing polonium are also classed as polonides. As polonium is immediately below tellurium in the periodic table, there are many chemical and structural similarities between polonides and tellurides.
Lead polonide (PbPo) occurs naturally, as lead is produced in the alpha decay of polonium.[5]
The polonides of the most electropositive metals show classic ionic structural types, and can be considered to contain the Po2− anion.
With smaller cations, the structural types suggest greater polarization of the polonide ion, or greater covalency in the bonding. Magnesium polonide is unusual as it is not isostructural with magnesium telluride:[3] MgTe has a wurtzite structure,[6] although a nickeline-type phase has also been reported.[7]
The effective radius of the polonide ion (Po2−) can be calculated from the Shannon (1976) ionic radii of the cations:[8] 216 pm for 4-coordination, 223 pm for 6-coordination, 225 pm for 8-coordination. The effect of the lanthanide contraction is clear, in that the 6-coordinate telluride ion (Te2−) has an ionic radius of 221 pm.[8]
The lanthanides also form sesquipolonides of formula Ln2Po3, which can be considered to be ionic compounds.[9]
The lanthanides form very stable polonides of formula LnPo with the halite (NaCl) structure: as the +2 oxidation state is disfavoured for most lanthanides, these are probably best described as intermetallic compounds rather than charge-separated ionic species.[4][10] These compounds are stable to at least 1600 °C (the melting point of thulium polonide, TmPo, is 2200 °C), in contrast to the ionic polonides (including the lanthanide sesquipolonides Ln2Po3), which decompose at around 600 °C.[4][9] The thermal stability and non-volatility of these compounds (polonium metal boils at 962 °C) is important for their use in polonium-based heat sources.[9]
Mercury and lead also form 1:1 polonides. Platinum forms a compound formulated as PtPo2, while nickel forms a continuous series of phases NiPox (x = 1–2). Gold also forms solid solutions with polonium over a wide range of compositions,[4][2][11] while bismuth and polonium are completely miscible.[3] No reaction is observed between polonium and aluminium, carbon, iron, molybdenum, tantalum or tungsten.[3]
| 2023-08-27 17:09:07 |
Calligrapha verrucosa - Wikipedia |
Calligrapha verrucosa is a species of leaf beetle in the family Chrysomelidae. It is found in North America.[1][2][3]
This Chrysomelinae article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. | 2023-08-27 17:09:11 |
1981 in North Korea - Wikipedia | ←
→
Events from the year 1981 in North Korea.
This Korean history-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. | 2023-08-27 17:09:14 |
SMS G38 - Wikipedia |
SMS G38 was a 1913 Type Large Torpedo Boat (Großes Torpedoboot) of the Imperial German Navy (Kaiserliche Marine) during World War I, and the 14th ship of her class.
Built by Germaniawerft in Kiel, Germany, she was launched in December 1914.
G38 was assigned to the First Torpedo Boat Flotilla of the High Seas Fleet of the Kaiserliche Marine. When she participated in the Battle of Jutland she was assigned to escort the battlecruiser SMS Lützow. In this action, Lützow was severely damaged such that she was unable to return to German waters. After assisting SMS G37, G40 and V45 in the evacuation of survivors, G38 was ordered to scuttle Lützow by launching two torpedoes into her.
After the end of hostilities, G38 was interned at Scapa Flow in November 1918 and scuttled along with most of the fleet on 21 June 1919. She was salvaged for scrap by Ernest Cox in 1924.
| 2023-08-27 17:09:18 |
Veluthodu Dam - Wikipedia | Veluthodu dam (Malayalam: വെളുത്തോട് അണക്കെട്ട് ) is a part of Kakkad Hydro Electric Project and is located in Seethathode panchayath of Ranni Taluk in Pathanamthitta District of Kerala, India.[1] Its a Concrete-Gravity dam built across the Veluthodu river, a tributary of Kakkad River which is again a tributary of Pamba River[2][3] The dam is built primarily for electricity.
This diversion dam diverts water to the water conductor system from Moozhiyar reservoir to Kakkad Power Station. This power station utilises the tail race water from Sabarigiri power station and flow received from moozhiyar and velluthode rivers.[4] After power generation, water from Kakkad power station is released to the Kakkad River. Taluks through which release flow are Ranni, Konni, Kozhencherry, Thiruvalla, Chengannur, Kuttanadu, Mavelikara and Karthikappally[5] It is operated by Kerala State Electricity Board.[6]
The reservoir is formed by the Veluthodu dam, constructed across Velluthode river.
The Kakkad Hydroelectric Project generates 50 MW of electricity using 2 turbines of 25 MW each year. The annual output is 262 MU. The machine was commissioned on 16 September 1999. The Moozhiyar Dam creates the main reservoir of this project.[11] the second reservoir is formed by the Veluthodu dam. After power generation, water from Kakkad power station is released to the Kakkad River.[12][13] The prime mover is a vertical shaft francis Turbine.
The Kakkad project had a long tale of unending woes of corruption and trade union militancy.[14]
| 2023-08-27 17:09:22 |
George Rose (actor) - Wikipedia |
George Walter Rose (19 February 1920 – 5 May 1988) was an English actor and singer in theatre and film. He won the Tony Award for Best Actor in a Musical for roles in My Fair Lady and The Mystery of Edwin Drood.
Born in Bicester, Oxfordshire, the son of a butcher, Rose studied at the Central School of Speech and Drama.[1] After graduation, he was briefly a farmer and secretary. After wartime service and studies at Oxford, he made his Old Vic stage debut in 1946.[2]
Rose spent four years with the Old Vic company and made his Broadway debut in a 1946 production of Henry IV, Part I and continued to play in New York City and London's West End for the remainder of the decade. He spent most of the 1950s appearing in broad comedy roles in the UK, later joining the Royal Shakespeare Company.[2] He returned to Broadway to portray Dogberry in Much Ado About Nothing in 1959. Two years later, he co-starred to much acclaim in Robert Bolt's A Man for All Seasons, first in London and then in New York. This included Variety naming him best supporting actor for his portrayal of the Common Man.[3] From then on he appeared primarily in American plays and films.
Rose made his screen debut in Midnight Frolics in 1949 and went on to make more than 30 films. Notable film credits include The Pickwick Papers (1952), Track the Man Down (1955), A Night to Remember (1958), The Flesh and the Fiends (1959), Hawaii (1966), and A New Leaf (1971). Rose starred in the 1975 television series Beacon Hill, an Americanised version of Upstairs, Downstairs. Other television credits include Naked City, Trials of O'Brien, the mini-series Holocaust (1978), and several appearances on the Hallmark Hall of Fame.
On Broadway, among other roles, he played the First Gravedigger in John Gielgud's 1964 production of Hamlet starring Richard Burton, a suspicious storekeeper in William Hanley's Slow Dance on the Killing Ground (1964), a bitter soldier in Peter Shaffer's Royal Hunt of the Sun (1965), and the detective in Joe Orton's Loot (1968).[3] His first Tony Award nomination was for his portrayal of Louis Greff, Coco Chanel's friend, in the musical Coco in 1969. In the 1974 comedy My Fat Friend, opposite Lynn Redgrave, he won a Drama Desk Award and received another Tony nomination.[3] In 1976, he finally won a Tony as Alfred P. Doolittle in the 20th anniversary Broadway revival of My Fair Lady. He received further acclaim in the role of General Burgoyne in The Devil's Disciple,[4] as Mr. Darling and Captain Hook in Peter Pan and as one of Rex Harrison's co-stars in The Kingfisher;[5] he won a 1979 Drama Desk Award for the last.
In 1980, he appeared as Major General Stanley in the hit Joe Papp adaptation of The Pirates of Penzance, co-starring Kevin Kline and Linda Ronstadt, being nominated for another Tony award. He also starred in the film adaptation of the production, released in 1983. Rose won his second Tony in 1986, for Rupert Holmes' musical adaptation of The Mystery of Edwin Drood. Rose was appearing in a national tour of Drood at the time of his death in 1988.[6] His last film role was Pound Puppies and the Legend of Big Paw, in which he voiced the villain Marvin McNasty (and also sang one of the film's songs).
Rose owned a pet lynx, birds, and other exotic creatures. He had a music collection numbering around 17,000 records.[1]
In 1984, he purchased a holiday home in Sosúa, Dominican Republic where he spent much of his time between his performances. Rose was homosexual, and had no immediate family or permanent partner. He reportedly longed to have an heir. Shortly after moving, he took in a 14 year old boy whom he supported financially and to whom he planned to leave his estate. He officially adopted the boy in January 1988.[7]
On 5 May 1988, during a two-week hiatus from the national tour of Drood, Rose was tortured and beaten to death by his adopted son, the boy's biological father,[8] an uncle, and a friend of the father. The assailants tried to make the death look like a car accident, but soon confessed.[7] Though all four were charged and spent time in prison, no trial was ever held; and eventually all were released.[1]
Rose is buried in an unmarked grave in a cemetery near his Sosúa home.[1]
| 2023-08-27 17:09:25 |
99 Hudson Street - Wikipedia | 99 Hudson is a 79-story condominium in Jersey City, New Jersey. It is the tallest building in Jersey City and the state of New Jersey, and the 46th tallest building in the United States. It is also the tallest residential building in the United States outside of New York City and Chicago. Developed by China Overseas America (the U.S. arm of the Hong Kong-based company COHL), 99 Hudson is the first residential project in the U.S. for the firm. The 1.4 million square-foot[2] building will include 781 condominium units ranging from studios to three bedrooms.
Plans for the development were first released in March 2014.[3] Originally, the plans called for twin towers, but after the land changed hands, the plans were changed to a single, 950 feet (290 m) tower.[4] The building was approved in early 2015 by the city.[5]
The building was approved by the FAA in early 2016; buildings taller than 899 feet (274 m) in Jersey City must seek FAA approval.[6] Ground was broken on January 29, 2016.[7] The building topped-out in September 2018.[8]
The building is a 79-story, 900 ft (274 m) tall residential skyscraper. The building takes up an entire city block in downtown. It has a porte-cochere entrance, where the lobby is located, as well as the entrance to the parking garage. The building has a limestone and glass facade, echoing to Art Deco Style. The building contains three open plazas, and a residential rooftop garden above an eight-story podium. Along the sidewalk, there are storefronts with large windows between limestone piers. At night, lighting features on the piers light up.[9][10]
The building is residential and includes 781 condominiums.[11] A penthouse, located on the 76th floor,[12] sold in November 2021 for $4.4385 million, making it the highest priced residential condominium closing in Jersey City history. Another 2,500 square-foot residence, a lower level penthouse on the 75th floor, includes 1,167 square-feet of private outdoor space.[13] There is 65,000 sq ft of indoor and outdoor amenities. This includes a fitness center, yoga studio, Pilates studio, and an entertainment game center which includes card rooms, pool, Foosball tables, a golf simulator, a children's playroom, a demonstration kitchen, work cafe, and a screening room with a bar. The rooftop contains a garden. There is a 24-hour concierge. Residents have an exclusive spa, which includes a hot tub, wet and dry lounges, steam room, dry sauna, showers, spa terrace and private massages. The 8th floor contains an amenity deck, which contains a 3,000 sq ft swimming pool, private cabanas, indoor and outdoor lounges, and a dining area with BBQ grills, a playground, dog run, and a green lawn. Pedestrian plazas and open spaces are an additional 7,500 sq ft.[10][14]
| 2023-08-27 17:09:28 |
Marly-Gomont - Wikipedia |
Marly-Gomont (French pronunciation: [maʁli ɡɔmɔ̃]) is a commune in the Aisne department, administrative region of Hauts-de-France (formerly Picardy), northern France.
This Vervins arrondissement geographical article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. | 2023-08-27 17:09:33 |
Hearth - Wikipedia |
A hearth (/hɑːrθ/) is the place in a home where a fire is or was traditionally kept for home heating and for cooking, usually constituted by at least a horizontal hearthstone and often enclosed to varying degrees by any combination of reredos (a low, partial wall behind a hearth), fireplace, oven, smoke hood, or chimney. Hearths are usually composed of masonry such as brick or stone. For centuries, the hearth was such an integral part of a home, usually its central and most important feature, that the concept has been generalized to refer to a homeplace or household, as in the terms "hearth and home" and "keep the home fires burning". In the modern era, since the advent of central heating, hearths are usually less central to most people's daily life because the heating of the home is instead done by a furnace or a heating stove, and cooking is instead done with a kitchen stove/range (combination cooktop and oven) alongside other home appliances; thus many homes built in the 20th and 21st centuries do not have hearths. Nonetheless, many homes still have hearths, which still help serve the purposes of warmth, cooking, and comfort.
Before the industrial era, a common design was to place a hearth in the middle of the room as an open hearth, with the smoke rising through the room to a smoke hole in the roof. In later designs which usually had a more solid and continuous roof, the hearth was instead placed to the side of the room and provided with a chimney.
In fireplace design, the hearth is the part of the fireplace where the fire burns, usually consisting of fire brick masonry at floor level or higher, underneath the fireplace mantel.
The word hearth derives from an Indo-European root, *ker-, referring to burning, heat, and fire (seen also in the word carbon).[1] In archaeology, a hearth is a firepit or other fireplace feature of any period. Hearths are common features of many eras going back to prehistoric campsites and may be either lined with a wide range of materials, such as stone or left unlined. They were used for cooking, heating, and the processing of some stone, wood, faunal, and floral resources. Occasionally site formation processes—e.g., farming or excavation—deform or disperse hearth features, making them difficult to identify without careful study.
Lined hearths are easily identified by the presence of fire-cracked rock, often created when the heat from the fires inside the hearths chemically altered and cracked the stone. Often present are fragmented fish and animal bones, carbonized shell, charcoal, ash, and other waste products, all embedded in a sequence of soil that has been deposited atop the hearth. Unlined hearths, which are less easily identified, may also include these materials. Because of the organic nature of most of these items, they can be used to pinpoint the date the hearth was last used via the process of radiocarbon dating. Although carbon dates can be negatively affected if the users of the hearth burned old wood or coal, the process is typically quite reliable. This was the most common way to cook, and to heat interior spaces in cool seasons.
In the Byzantine Empire a tax on hearths known as kapnikon was first explicitly mentioned for the reign of Nikephorus I (802–811) although its context implies that it was already then old and established, and perhaps it should be taken back to the 7th century AD. Kapnikon was a tax raised on households without exceptions for the poor.[2]
In England, a tax on hearths was introduced on 19 May 1662. Householders were required to pay a charge of two shillings per annum for each hearth, with half the payment due at Michaelmas and half at Lady Day. Exemptions to the tax were granted, to those in receipt of poor relief, those whose houses were worth less than 20 shillings a year and those who paid neither church nor poor rates. Also exempt were charitable institutions such as schools and almshouses, and industrial hearths with the exception of smiths' forges and bakers' ovens. The returns were lodged with the Clerk of the Peace between 1662 and 1688.[3]
A revision of the Act in 1664 made the tax payable by all who had more than two chimneys.
The tax was abolished by William III in 1689 and the last collection was for Lady Day of that year. It was abolished in Scotland in 1690.[3]
Hearth tax records are important to local historians as they provide an indication of the size of each assessed house at the time. The numbers of hearths are generally proportional to the size of the house. The assessments can be used to indicate the numbers and local distribution of larger and smaller houses. Not every room had a hearth, and not all houses of the same size had exactly the same number of hearths, so they are not an exact measure of house size. Roehampton University has an ongoing project which places hearth tax data in a national framework by providing a series of standard bands of wealth applicable to each county and city.
Published lists are available of many returns and the original documents are in the Public Record Office. The most informative returns, many of which have been published, occur between 1662–1666 and 1669–1674.
In Greek mythology, Hestia is the goddess of the hearth, while in Roman mythology Vesta has the same role.[4]
In ancient Persia, according to Zoroastrian traditions, every house was expected to have a hearth for offering sacrifices and prayers.[5]
In traditional Albanian folk beliefs, the Vatër, the home hearth, is a spiritual link between past, present, and future generations of the tribe, linking ancestors to the family today and to descendants tomorrow.
Hearth is also a term for a family unit, or local worship group, in the Heathen religion.
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De Verwachting, Hollum - Wikipedia | De Verwachting (English: The Expectation) is a smock mill in Hollum, Friesland, Netherlands which was built in 1991 and is in working order.
A mill previously stood on this site. It was built in 1840 by millwright Van der Meer of Harlingen for Hendrik Willems de Boer. A few years before the Second World War, a diesel engine was installed, but the mill was worked by wind during the war as no diesel fuel was available to run the engine.[1] The mill was demolished in 1949.[2] In 1991, a windmill was moved from Brucht, Overijssel. It was built on the site of the original mill by millwrights Fabrikaat Hiemstra of Tzummarum at a cost of ƒ679,920. The mill was officially opened on 16 November 1994.[3]
De Verwachting is what the Dutch describe as a "stellingmolen" . It is a two-storey smock mill on a three-storey base. The stage is at second-floor level, 5.06 metres (16 ft 7 in) above ground level. The smock and cap are thatched. The mill is winded by tailpole and winch. The sails are Common sails.[3] The sails on the inner stock have a span of 18.50 metres (60 ft 8 in) while the sails on the outer stock have a span of 18.60 metres (61 ft 0 in). The sails are carried on a cast-iron windshaft, which was cast by Fabrikaat Buurma, Oudeschans, Groningen in 1991.[4] The windshaft also carries the clasp arm brake wheel, which has 55 cogs. This drives the wallower (27 cogs) at the top of the upright shaft. At the bottom of the upright shaft, the great spur wheel, which has 77 cogs, it drives the 1.30 metres (4 ft 3 in) diameter Cullen millstones via a lantern pinion stone nut which has 26 staves.
De Verwachting is regularly open to the public, although it is not open on Sundays, Mondays or public holidays.[5]
| 2023-08-27 17:09:41 |
Methland - Wikipedia | Methland: The Death and Life of an American Small Town is a book by Nick Reding which documents the drug culture of Oelwein, Iowa and how it ties into larger issues of rural flight and small town economic decline placed in the historic context of the drug trade, particularly the manufacture and consumption of methamphetamine.
Between 2005 and 2007 the author traveled through small-town America to study the impact and cause of methamphetamine abuse. His focus is Oelwein, a once thriving small town that started to suffer economically by the end of the century. He analyzes the causes of the rural economic decline: in the context of deregulation and globalization agricultural conglomerates have taken over local businesses. As a result, jobs have disappeared, towns became depopulated, and tax revenue shrunk. Use of meth proliferated in response in the depressed areas. In Iowa, in 2004 it was mostly produced locally using cold medicine as the drug precursor. That year Iowa law enforcement closed 1,370 meth labs (page 29). When, after a long delay, cold medicine became more restricted as a precursor material, Mexican operatives moved in. With superlabs in Mexico, drug lords used illegal immigrants hired as cheap labor by agricultural conglomerates as distributors for their networks. Reding notes that the 2006 Combat Meth Act had been watered down by pharmaceutical lobbyists so that local meth labs were also able to recover from their decline and evolve.
While Reding's book received positive reviews from the New York Times Sunday Book Review[1] and Washington Post's Book World,[2] it was severely criticized by Cedar Rapids columnist Laura Behrens, who wrote, "it is so ridden with errors of basic reporting that the credibility of its larger premises is crippled", pointing out several factual errors.[3] Scott Martelle from the Los Angeles Times writes that "Reding neither romanticizes nor moralizes. Instead, he opens a window onto a disturbing landscape that we might not want to see, but that we can't avoid."[4]
| 2023-08-27 17:09:44 |
Fred Tackett - Wikipedia | Fredrick O. Tackett (born August 30, 1945) is an American songwriter and multi-instrumentalist. Originally a session player on guitar, mandolin, and trumpet, he is best known as a member of the band Little Feat.
In addition to his work with Little Feat, Tackett has played and recorded with many notable artists, Bob Dylan and Jimmy Webb among them. He had an additional side project with another member of Little Feat; he performed as part of a duo with Paul Barrere, as Paul and Fred.
Tackett's association with Little Feat goes back to a friendship with the founder of the band, Lowell George, at the time of its inception. Working as a session player for other musicians, he continued his friendship with the bandmates, and contributed a song "Fool Yourself" to their third album Dixie Chicken as well as acoustic guitar. He also contributed guitar to their sixth album Time Loves a Hero.
In 1979 he co-wrote songs with Lowell George for both George's first (and only) solo project Thanks, I'll Eat It Here, and Little Feat's album Down on the Farm. It was during work on the latter that the group's break-up was announced. Lowell George died shortly afterwards.
In 1983, he performed on the Antilles Records release Swingrass '83.[1]
In 1988 Little Feat reformed despite the absence of their former front man, and prolific singer, songwriter, and slide guitarist, Lowell George. The regrouped Little Feat included former members Paul Barrere, Richie Hayward, Bill Payne, Kenny Gradney, and Sam Clayton, with the addition of Tackett and Craig Fuller. All had been former members of Little Feat, except Fuller and Tackett, who had previously made songwriting contributions and session work for the band. Fuller left in 1993, to be replaced by female vocalist Shaun Murphy who remained with the group until 2009. Tackett has remained with Little Feat since the day he joined, and has become an integral member of the band.
Fred Tackett has played a pivotal role in Little Feat's music. In addition to his guitar work, he plays trumpet and mandolin and has co-written several of their songs, forging an active and regular writing partnership with Paul Barrere which has produced such songs as "Marginal Creatures" and "Night On The Town". The 2003 album Kickin' It at the Barn featured Tackett's debut as a lead vocalist on his own song "In A Town Like This" which was also the title track from his solo debut album released that year.
Tackett's writing partnership with Barrere has developed into a separate act where the two performed as a duo. This has produced two live albums and a DVD. They have also spent time between gigs when touring to perform in local radio stations, playing songs that do not require a lot of changing of instruments, to travel as lightly as possible.
With Peter Allen
With Deborah Allen
With Paul Anka
With Joan Baez
With Russ Ballard
With Carole Bayer Sager
With Clint Black
With Alfie Boe
With Debby Boone
With Elkie Brooks
With Jackson Browne
With Glen Campbell
With Eric Carmen
With Valerie Carter
With Cher
With Cher and Gregg Allman
With Rita Coolidge
With Judy Collins
With A. J. Croce
With Patti Dahlstrom
With Joe Dassin
With Neil Diamond
With The 5th Dimension
With Bob Dylan
With Fleetwood Mac
With Ted Gärdestad
With Lowell George
With Vince Gill
With Arlo Guthrie
With Danniebelle Hall
With Steve Harley
With Richard Harris
With Marcia Hines
With Thelma Houston
With Janis Ian
With Rickie Lee Jones
With Christine Lakeland
With Nicolette Larson
With Lori Lieberman
With Kenny Loggins
With Mary MacGregor
With Barry Manilow
With Jeane Manson
With Clair Marlo
With Michael McDonald
With Mephistopheles[2]
With Bette Midler
With Adam Mitchell
With Tim Moore
With Anne Murray
With Michael Martin Murphey
With Willie Nelson
With Aaron Neville
With Juice Newton
With Harry Nilsson
With The Oak Ridge Boys
With Van Dyke Parks
With Van Dyke Parks and Brian Wilson
With Dolly Parton
With Michel Polnareff
With Eddie Rabbitt
With Bonnie Raitt
With Collin Raye
With Helen Reddy
With Johnny Rivers
With Lionel Richie
With Bruce Roberts
With Kenny Rogers
With Kenny Rogers and Dolly Parton
With Linda Ronstadt
With Brenda Russell
With Sanne Salomonsen
With Sanford & Townsend
With Leo Sayer
With Boz Scaggs
With Bob Seger
With Carly Simon
With Tom Snow
With J. D. Souther
With Ringo Starr
With Rod Stewart
With Barbra Streisand
With Livingston Taylor
With Captain & Tennille
With Richard Thompson
With Tanya Tucker
With Valdy
With Tom Waits
With The Wallflowers
With Jennifer Warnes
With Jimmy Webb
With Lauren Wood
With Jesse Colin Young
| 2023-08-27 17:09:48 |
Ellen Cobb - Wikipedia |
Ellen Cobb (born 14 December 1940) is a retired British judoka[1] and a massage therapist.[2]
Cobb began her judo training around 1965.[3]: 5 She competed successfully in both national and international judo competitions[4] and primarily ran matches in the over-72 kilograms weight class.[5] An article in the UK Judo magazine credits her with being the first female British judoka to earn a gold medal in international competition, after Cobb placed first in a 1972 event in Belgrade.[3]: 5 She won medals at two European Judo Championships, placing third in 1975 in the Half Heavyweight category,[6] and second in 1976 in the Heavyweight category.[7] As of 2015, she holds the record for oldest female medal winner in the European Judo Championships at the age of 35 in 1976.[8]
During 1977, Cobb was a full-time judo instructor.[3]: 5 and she became champion of Great Britain, winning the heavyweight division at the British Judo Championships.[9] On 20 January 2002, she was promoted to 8th Dan.[10]
Since retiring from judo competition in the 1980s, Cobb has trained in multiple types of massage therapy, including Bowen technique, and now operates her own therapy centre in Hampshire, England.[11]
This biographical article related to United Kingdom judo is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. | 2023-08-27 17:09:51 |
Fairbury Public Library - Wikipedia |
The Fairbury Public Library is a library in Fairbury, Nebraska. Its building was constructed in 1908-09 as a Carnegie library with funding from the Carnegie Corporation.[2] It was designed in the Classical Revival style by Tyler and Son, an architectural firm co-founded by English-born James Tyler and his son, James Tyler Jr.[2] The facade includes two sets of columns and a tympanum with "cherubs holding a ring which encircles a shield."[2] The first 100 books were donated by the Fairbury Woman's Club.[2] The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on September 12, 1985 as Fairbury Public-Carnegie Library.[1]
In 2019, it continues to serve as the Fairbury Public Library.[3]
This article about a property in Nebraska on the National Register of Historic Places is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. | 2023-08-27 17:09:55 |
Elisabeth André - Wikipedia | Elisabeth André is a German Computer Scientist from Saarlouis, Saarland who specializes in Intelligent User Interfaces, Virtual Agents, and Social Computing.[1]
André's research interests include Affective Computing, Embodied Conversational Agents, Multimodal Human-Machine Interaction, and Social Signal Processing.[2]
André was also the General and Program Co-Chair for multiple ACM SIGCHI conferences.[2]
| 2023-08-27 17:09:58 |
Ashfields - Wikipedia |
Ashfields is a village in Shropshire, England.
This Shropshire location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. | 2023-08-27 17:10:02 |
2001 Hertfordshire County Council election - Wikipedia |
Robert Ellis
Conservative
Robert Ellis
Conservative
Hertfordshire County Council elections were held on 7 June 2001, with all 77 seats contested. The council remained under Conservative control, with the party winning 40 of the 77 seats.[1][2]
| 2023-08-27 17:10:09 |
Michael Hogan (writer) - Wikipedia | Jojo Danaker (1977-1984)
Michael Hogan (born 1943 in Newport, Rhode Island[1]) is an American author of twenty-eight books, including two collections of short stories, eight books of poetry, selected essays on teaching in Latin America, two novels, the critically acclaimed Abraham Lincoln and Mexico, and the best-selling Irish Soldiers of Mexico, a history of the Irish battalion in Mexico which formed the basis for an MGM movie starring Tom Berenger.[2] He received his B.A. and MFA in creative writing from the University of Arizona and holds a Ph.D. in Latin American Studies from the University of Guadalajara and the Institute of Advanced Studies.[3]
Dr. Hogan was the recipient of a PEN Award, two Pushcart Prizes, an National Endowment for the Arts fellowship, the Benjamin Franklin Award and the gold medal of the Mexican Geographical Society. His work has appeared in many journals such as The Paris Review, The Harvard Review, Z-Magazine, Political Affairs and the Monthly Review.
Besides being a writer, poet and historian, Dr. Hogan is also the former director of Latin American initiatives for the College Board, and a special consultant to the U.S. Department of State's Office of Overseas Schools.[4] Hogan has worked as a Humanities Department Head for fourteen years in American schools abroad and as a professor of international relations at the Autonomous University of Guadalajara.[5] He has given workshops and presentations at conferences in the United States, Canada, Malaysia, Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, Uruguay, Paraguay, Brazil and Argentina.[6] He currently lives in Guadalajara, Mexico with the textile artist Lucinda Mayo, and their dog, Molly Malone.
Writing for The American Poetry Review, Sam Hamill noted: "Hogan's poems are virtually free of the ego and fake emotion, the public posturing and self-regard that infect so much recent poetry. For Hogan, to undertake the poem is to undertake the possibility of radical transformation. The humility and compassion of his poems warm me when others leave me chilled to the bone. He rewards the reader with intelligence and warmth and a wide sweep of understanding."[7][8]
Edgar H. Thompson in Western American Literature notes: “Hogan’s poetry is accessible, but it does not give up all of its secrets easily, which affirms the work’s strength and quality. Though Hogan has lived a good part of his adult life in the Southwest, the themes he address in these poems are universal and not strictly western. Hogan’s vision will challenge readers from any region to think more carefully about life and their place in it.”[9]
Although poetry is a solid part of Hogan's oeuvre, his work over the past two decades in Mexico has been largely focused on history. His two texts in this genre, on the Irish battalion during the Mexican–American War and on Abraham Lincoln and Mexico have both been influential in the field.
In reviewing The Irish Soldiers of Mexico, Hans Vogel of Leiden University noted: “This book is sound military history, taking into account both major currents of the discipline as it is now being practiced. About the intrinsic merits of this fine, passionate monograph there can be few doubts. Finally, as a monument to the San Patricios, Hogan’s monograph is, I am sure, unsurpassed."[10]
His Abraham Lincoln and Mexico has been widely reviewed and was the subject of a recent Smithsonian article. “In his 2016 study, Abraham Lincoln and Mexico: A History of Courage, Intrigue and Unlikely Friendships, Hogan points to several factors that elevated the United States’ 16th president in the eyes of Mexicans, in particular Lincoln's courageous stand in Congress against the Mexican War, and his later support in the 1860s for democratic reformist Benito Juárez, who has at times been called the “Abraham Lincoln of Mexico.” Lincoln's stature as a force for political equality and economic opportunity—and his opposition to slavery, which Mexico had abolished in 1829—made the American leader a sympathetic figure to the progressive followers of Juárez, who was inaugurated as president of Mexico in the same month and year, March 1861, as Lincoln.”[11]
Magan Lange writing in H-Net Reviews urged educators to use the book, noting: “It is an excellent resource for use in the classroom, specifically at the community college or survey level where students require an introduction to events but then also have a chance to review and analyze the primary source documents for themselves, made far easier by including such documents as resources. In addition, many of the endnotes have Internet links, which simplifies access to additional research. At just under two hundred pages of text, Abraham Lincoln and Mexico is concise but minces no words, and in an era of ugly political rhetoric and wall building at the border, is ever so timely.”[12]
In addition, his work has appeared in dozens of anthologies and textbooks.
| 2023-08-27 17:10:13 |
Litohoř - Wikipedia | Litohoř is a municipality and village in Třebíč District in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 600 inhabitants.
Litohoř lies approximately 19 kilometres (12 mi) south-west of Třebíč, 39 km (24 mi) south of Jihlava, and 150 km (93 mi) south-east of Prague.
This Vysočina Region location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. | 2023-08-27 17:10:17 |
Timeline of Chinese music - Wikipedia |
This is a timeline that show the development of Chinese music by genre and region. It covers the historic China as well as the geographic areas of Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macau.
Hong Kong:
Republic of China:
Republic of China:
Republic of China:
Taiwan:
People's Republic of China:
People's Republic of China:
Hong Kong:
Republic of China / Taiwan:
Hong Kong:
ROC Taiwan:
Hong Kong:
People's Republic of China:
People's Republic of China:
Hong Kong SAR:
ROC Taiwan
People's Republic of China:
Hong Kong SAR and ROC Taiwan
| 2023-08-27 17:10:21 |
Fantasy Amateur Press Association - Wikipedia | The Fantasy Amateur Press Association or FAPA ("FAP-uh") is science fiction fandom's longest-established amateur press association ("apa"). It was founded in 1937 by Donald A. Wollheim and John B. Michel. They were inspired to create FAPA by their memberships in some of the non-science fiction amateur press associations, which they learned about from H. P. Lovecraft. (It is also fandom's longest-running organization of any kind, preceding the founding of the runner-up, the National Fantasy Fan Federation, by nearly four years.)
Like other APAs, FAPA is primarily an agency for distributing to its members publications published by its members at their own expense. FAPA has "mailings" every three months. Members are required to be active in some way — writing or publishing — and produce at least eight pages of activity a year. When needed, there are elections (in August) of a secretary-treasurer and official editor. Other officials have included Official Critics, a Laureate Committee, President, Vice-President, and ballot counters. The first two positions were abandoned by the mid-1940s, and in 2009 the positions of President and Vice-President were also eliminated. The President Emeritus is the author Robert Silverberg, who was the last serving President and who has been an active member of FAPA longer than any other current member. When necessary, a teller for the annual officer elections was appointed by the secretary-treasurer.
FAPA's original constitutional limit was 50 members to accommodate publishers using hectographs. There were 21 members listed on the roster of the first mailing in August 1937; it took until the November 1938 mailing to fill the 50-member roster. The membership limit was raised to 65 in 1943 and has remained at that level ever since.
The early years of FAPA were stormy with party politics and sociological feuds (as recounted in the late Jack Speer's pioneering fan history, Up to Now[1]). In 1947, Speer reformed the constitution, and the Insurgents quashed the last inactive OE, Elmer Perdue. Since then official troubles have mostly not disturbed FAPA, and red tape has been held to a minimum. The constitution was again revised in 1958 (also by Speer) to incorporate amendments, bylaws, and practices adopted since 1947. Another major revision occurred in 2001 under the oversight of Robert Lichtman (Secretary-Treasurer since 1986 and still holding that office), clarifying and conforming constitutional requirements with actual practice.
During the 1950s and 1960s FAPA was so popular and membership so sought after that the waiting list grew to monumental proportions, for a period of time exceeding the number of membership slots on the FAPA roster. A waiting list fee was instituted to cover the cost of sending the Fantasy Amateur to so many fans awaiting membership, and a requirement that waiting listers periodically acknowledge receipt of the Fantasy Amateur was begun in order to weed out those who lost interest during the long wait. By the '70s the waiting list became much smaller, and in more recent years (since the mid 1990s) has disappeared altogether. Additionally, the number of members has also shrunk as existing members died or otherwise dropped off the roster. As of August 2019, there were 17 active participants.
FAPA continues to operate in the 21st Century as a connection to fandom's past, and a way for fans to timebind with those who came before. Find the Facebook Group called "FAPA - SF Fandom's Oldest Apa" for contact and membership information.
Notable members over the years have included:
| 2023-08-27 17:10:24 |
Waratah Lahy - Wikipedia |
Waratah Lahy (born 1974) is an artist and art teacher based in Canberra, Australia.
In 2007, she completed a Doctorate of Philosophy (Visual Arts) at the Australian National University's School of Art. Her thesis explored the depiction of Australian culture.[1]
Lahy's first solo exhibition was Eleven ships at Canberra Contemporary Art Space (October 1999), with works painted on blankets, addressing notions of Australian identity and comfort. Sonia Barron reviewed the exhibition as "...questioning, rather than conclusive."[2]
Her exhibition Crowd: Australian culture at the Canberra School of Art (2003) included silhouettes cut from beer cans, and was reviewed positively for its quirkiness and humour.[3]
Lahy showed oils on linen in Stitched up and going off at Canberra Contemporary Art Space (August–September 2000).[4]
Her bottle-top miniatures in Found out at Lake Macquarie City Art Gallery (2006) were reviewed as "delightful", and changing the idea of the landscape genre.[5]
Lahy's work in Natural Digression at Level 17 Artspace (October 2010) was reviewed as not necessarily occupying the space of photographic documentation or drawings.[6]
She contributed nostalgic miniature oil on glass works to It's A Small World at the Glasshouse Regional Gallery, Port Macquarie (August–September 2013).[7] Later that same year, her miniature paintings were in The Christmas show at Beaver Galleries, Canberra, and were reviewed as dreamlike and disturbing.[8]
She was part of Pareidolia: cloud gazing at Megalo Print Gallery, Canberra (March–April 2017). Her monotypes of aliens in suburbia were reviewed in the Canberra Times as being "...slightly menacing and disturbing...".[9]
Lahy received the Helen Maxwell Award in December 2005, for her Found 2004 work.[14]
She won the EASS Patrons' Graduate Anniversary Scholarship in March 2006.[15]
She had a residency at Megalo Print Studio and Gallery in 2012.[16]
| 2023-08-27 17:10:28 |
Prieto River (Yabucoa, Puerto Rico) - Wikipedia | The Prieto River (Yabucoa, Puerto Rico) is a river of Puerto Rico.
WikiMiniAtlas18°04′41″N 65°59′22″W / 18.0780183°N 65.9893305°W / 18.0780183; -65.9893305[1]
This article related to a river in Puerto Rico is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. | 2023-08-27 17:10:31 |
That Metal Show - Wikipedia |
That Metal Show is a talk show that premiered on VH1 Classic on November 15, 2008 and ended on May 9, 2015 with a span of 14 seasons. Hosted by Eddie Trunk, Don Jamieson and Jim Florentine, the series features three hosts interviewing musicians from the hard rock and heavy metal genre in addition to artists and non-musicians who are metal fans while various segments intervene throughout the episode.
VH1 Classic discontinued producing more episodes of That Metal Show on January 19, 2016 due to the network's transition to MTV Classic seven months later.[1][2]
The duties of the Miss Box of Junk Girl are to bring out the prize box for Stump the Trunk and to place choices in order for TMS Top 5.
The season premiere kicked off as a one-hour special at the Hard Rock Cafe featuring live performances from Anvil plus Q&A with the band and an appearance from some special guests.
Keri Leigh Tucker, the first Miss Box of Junk Girl, died in late 2009 and was replaced by Jennifer Gottlieb. A memorial dedicated to Keri Leigh was shown after the end credits to the season premiere.[3] This season also marks the last to be filmed in New York before the show relocated to Los Angeles beginning with Season 5.
This season marks the first to be filmed at the Sony Pictures Studios in Glendale, California (a suburb of Los Angeles).
Beginning with Season 6, the show aired as a one-hour format in addition to including a musical guest for each episode.
Season 7 continued to have a guest guitarist for each episode while introducing a guest bassist.
The episode featuring guests Michael Sweet, Jani Lane and Taime Downe featured the final appearance of Jani Lane as this episode was already taped prior to his death on August 11. It was originally scheduled to air on October 1, but was moved to August 27 as the second episode where the episode included a special opening dedicated Lane's memory. In addition, the episode with Stephen Pearcy and Tim "Ripper" Owens now aired as the seventh episode.
The season premiere was filmed during Guns N' Roses' Chinese Democracy Tour at the American Airlines Arena in Miami, FL. Season 9 marked the first season to be presented in widescreen format.
Season 10 is the first to feature a drummer as a musical guest. According to Eddie Trunk, eight out of the ten episodes were shown while two of them debuted in the next season after the VH1 Classic revised the schedule. Jason Newsted, who was originally scheduled to appear in the fifth episode, cancelled his appearance at the last minute during the taping and was replaced by the members of Warrant.
The "David Draiman/Adrenaline Mob" and "Bobby Blotzer/L.A. Guns" episodes were originally going to be included in the previous season after both episodes were taped but were moved to Season 11 after VH1 Classic revised the Season 10 schedule. The TMS marathon premiered the season premiere as a sneak preview ahead of its August 11 premiere.
Several new segments were introduced with only two "Top 5" lists being debated in the series. Another new inclusion to the show is an announcer for the opening credits as well as surprise special guests appearing via satellite to chat with the hosts in the new segment "Metal Modem". This is the last season to be taped in Los Angeles before returning to New York in Season 13. Season 12 was also the only season to include the round table format.
For the first time since Season 4, the series made its return to New York with episodes being taped every Tuesday at the Metropolis Studio for 12 weeks except for the last two episodes that were both filmed on the same day. This season also marks the return of "The Throwdown", "Pick of the Week" and "What's Going On With..." after they were absent in the previous season. Ace Frehley was originally supposed to appear on the same episode as Peter Criss but was unable to make it.
Season 14 premiered on February 21, 2015 in their new timeslot at 9/8c with a repeat airing in their former 11/10c slot. All the episodes were once again filmed on Tuesday nights at the Metropolis Studios in New York City while the ninth and tenth were both shot back-to-back. A special last-minute tribute to Twisted Sister drummer A.J. Pero, who died a week earlier on March 20, was included in the sixth episode along with an appearance by his bandmates. Despite Trunk telling the audience at the end of the season, now series finale, "We'll see you next season on That Metal Show", Season 14 proved to be the show's final season after VH1 Classic announced its decision not to renew the show for a 15th season in January 2016 a year after the airing, and before the network's re-branding to MTV Classic in August that year.
| 2023-08-27 17:10:35 |
1954 in organized crime - Wikipedia | null | 2023-08-27 17:10:37 |
Roatta - Wikipedia | Roatta is an Italian surname.
As of 2014, 34.3% of all known bearers of the surname Roatta were residents of France (frequency 1:240,969), 33.7% of Italy (1:225,589), 26.3% of Argentina (1:201,620), 2.2% of the United States (1:20,069,515) and 2.0% of Brazil (1:12,782,012).
In Italy, the frequency of the surname was higher than national average (1:225,589) in the following regions:
In Argentina, the frequency of the surname was higher than national average (1:201,620) in the following provinces:
In France, the frequency of the surname was higher than national average (1:240,969) only in one region: Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur (1:22,113).[1]
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Bastam District - Wikipedia |
Bastam District (Persian: بخش بسطام) is in Shahrud County, Semnan province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Bastam.
At the 2006 National Census, its population was 37,635 in 10,380 households.[3] The following census in 2011 counted 39,101 people in 11,762 households.[4] At the latest census in 2016, the district had 44,052 inhabitants in 14,295 households.[2]
This Shahrud County location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. | 2023-08-27 17:10:44 |
1998 CONCACAF U-20 Tournament - Wikipedia | The 1998 CONCACAF U-20 Tournament served as qualification for the 1999 FIFA World Youth Championship in Nigeria. The tournament took place from 5 August–10 October, although qualification started before.
The following teams qualified for the tournament:
| 2023-08-27 17:10:48 |
New York City's 12th City Council district - Wikipedia |
New York City's 12th City Council district is one of 51 districts in the New York City Council. It has been represented by Democrat Kevin Riley since a 2020 special election to replace disgraced fellow Democrat Andy King.[3]
District 12 covers the farthest northeastern neighborhoods of the Bronx, including all of Williamsbridge, Baychester, Co-op City, and Eastchester as well as part of Wakefield.[4]
The district overlaps with Bronx Community Boards 10, 11, and 12, and is contained almost entirely within New York's 16th congressional district, with a small extension into the 14th district. It also overlaps with the 34th and 36th districts of the New York State Senate, and with the 80th, 81st, 82nd, and 83rd districts of the New York State Assembly.[5]
With its population base in heavily-Black neighborhoods like Williamsbridge and Baychester, District 12 is the only majority-Black City Council district in the Bronx.
In 2019, voters in New York City approved Ballot Question 1, which implemented ranked-choice voting in all local elections. Under the new system, voters have the option to rank up to five candidates for every local office. Voters whose first-choice candidates fare poorly will have their votes redistributed to other candidates in their ranking until one candidate surpasses the 50 percent threshold. If one candidate surpasses 50 percent in first-choice votes, then ranked-choice tabulations will not occur.[6]
In October 2020, Andy King was expelled from the City Council for harassment, discrimination, and conflict of interest, triggering a special election for his seat. Like all municipal special elections in New York City, the race was officially nonpartisan, with all candidates running on ballot lines of their own creation.
| 2023-08-27 17:10:54 |
Vinayapoorvam Vidhyaadharan - Wikipedia |
Vinayapoorvam Vidyaadharan (Malayalam:വിനയപൂർവ്വം വിദ്യാധരൻ) is a 2000 Indian Malayalam film, directed by K. B. Madhu and produced by P. G. Mohan with executive producer Mohamed Siraj.The film stars Jagathy Sreekumar, Sukanya, Harisree Ashokan, Rajan P. Dev, Salu Kuttanad, Jagadeesh, Sukumari, Indrans and N. F. Varghese in lead roles. The film had musical score by Kaithapram.[1][2][3][4][5]
The music was composed by Kaithapram.
This article about a Malayalam film of the 2000s is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. | 2023-08-27 17:10:59 |
List of Vivendi Games titles - Wikipedia |
Vivendi Games was an American video game holding company founded in July 1996. It published games through various subsidiaries and labels, such as Black Label Games, Blizzard Entertainment (Diablo), Coktel Vision, Fox Interactive, NDA Productions, Sierra Entertainment, Universal Interactive and Vivendi Games Mobile. In December 2007, Activision announced a proposed merger deal with Vivendi Games that would create a new holding company named Activision Blizzard. The deal was approved by Activision's shareholders on July 8, 2008, and the merger was finalized on July 10, creating Activision Blizzard while dissolving Vivendi Games.
The list does not include titles from Blizzard Entertainment.
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Kalesa - Wikipedia |
A kalesa or calesa is a two-wheeled horse-drawn carriage used in the Philippines.[1] It is commonly vividly painted and decorated.[2] It was a primary mode of public and private transportation during the Spanish colonial era of the Philippines, though in modern times, they largely only survive as tourist attractions.
Kalesa (from the Spanish word calesa) were first introduced to the Philippines in the 1700s by the Spanish. It became the major public and private form of transport in the Philippines up until the early 20th century.[1] It was also used to transport goods. They were manufactured by traditional workshops known as karoserya.[3]
Use of the kalesa declined in the mid-20th century, when mass public transportation was largely taken over by motorized jeepneys and tricycles. Pressure to phase out kalesas began in the 1940s when the 7000 or so kalesas still operating in Manila started holding up motorized traffic.[4] Kalesa in modern times are largely only used as tourist attractions. They are still preserved in some areas of the Philippines, such as in San Fernando, Pampanga, Vigan and Laoag.[5] Kalesas can also be found in Intramuros, where they cater to tourists and Binondo in Manila, as well as in Iligan, where decorated kalesas can be taken for a ride along a specific street. In Cagayan, kalesas are common, especially in Tuao, Tuguegarao, and other municipalities of the province.
The colorful decorations of the kalesa was also inherited by the post-World War II jeepney (which were known as "auto calesa" from the 1910s to the 1940s). The legacy of the kalesa is also evident in the horse hood ornament of most jeepneys.[2]
The kalesa looks like a two-wheeled inclined cart, and is drawn by a single horse. It is made from wood, metal, or a combination of both. Traditionally it had a single forward-facing bench that can accommodate two passengers. The kalesa driver commonly called as kutsero (Spanish cochero) sits on the driver's seat in front.[6] Both the driver and the passengers are enclosed by a canopy originating from the back of the cab.
American colonial-era kalesas with two side-facing benches (each able to fit two passengers) are known as tartanilla. In modern versions, they can seat eight to ten people. They remain an iconic form of transport in Cebu City.[7]
Large four-wheeled versions of the kalesa were known as karwahe (Spanish carruaje); while drays drawn by carabao (usually used to transport cargo) were known as garetas or kareton (Spanish carretón).[3]
Kalesa had specific terminology for drivers. When a kutsero wants the horse to turn right, he says "mano” while he says "silla” to make the horse turn left.[8]
Composer Ambrosio Del Rosario composed the original music and National Artist of the Philippines Levi Celério wrote the lyrics for a song entitled Kalesa, in honour of the vehicle.[9]
An annual Kalesa Parade is held during the Binatbatan Festival of the Arts of Vigan City.[10]
Kalesa in Manila
Kalesa in Calle Crisologo, Vigan, Ilocos Sur
Kalesa parked in front of Vigan Cathedral
A kalesa at Binondo, Manila
A kalesa in front of the Manila Cathedral
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Luke Chueh - Wikipedia |
Luke Chueh (/ˈtʃuː/; born March 7, 1973) is a Chinese-American lowbrow, or pop surrealist, painter. His works tends to be a juxtaposition of the cute with the macabre, including various self-portraits reimagining himself as a bear character.
Born to Chinese immigrants in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Chueh's family relocated to Fresno, California soon after his birth. Taught illustration at a young age, he became obsessed with interpreting the popular culture imagery he was surrounded by. Trained as graphic designer at California Polytechnic State University in San Luis Obispo, he was hired as an in-house designer & illustrator at the Ernie Ball Company in 1997. His work during this time garnered him several awards as well as features in the 1998 design annuals of both Communication Arts and Print. In 2003, Chueh relocated to Los Angeles where he started pursuing a career as full time painter. He posts regular updates on Facebook and Instagram.
Luke Chueh was born on March 3, 1973,[1] and he is a first generation Chinese-American, both of his parents having immigrated to the United States from China.[2] When he was three months old, Chueh's family relocated from his birthplace of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania to Fresno, California.[3] At the age of four, his mother taught him how to draw Mickey Mouse, which began a childhood obsession to paint and illustrate renditions of his favorite things, mainly Star Wars and other "science fiction stuff that I was watching all the time."[2]
After graduating from Clovis West High School in 1991,[4] the 18-year-old enrolled into the Art & Design program at California Polytechnic State University in San Luis Obispo.[3] Nearing the completion of his degree, one his professors confided in Chueh that he was "a mediocre graphic designer," but explained that he was "a great illustrator" and "should pursue a career in that",[2] despite the fact that Chueh had a graphic design concentration and his "formal" art training was restricted to a "couple quarters of Life Drawing and Illustrations classes".[3]
Hired by the Ernie Ball Company as an in-house designer & illustrator before receiving his bachelor's degree in 1997,[5][6] Chueh primarily created T-shirt and advertisement designs for the brand.[2] Several of these became award-winning,[5] with the artist himself being featured in the 1998 design annuals of both Communication Arts and Print.[7] During this time, Chueh began spending his nights partying, drinking, and doing drugs.[2] In 2003,[3] an addiction to painkillers resulted in his being fired, which spurred Chueh's relocation to Los Angeles with no job prospects.[2][5]
His images have been remarked upon for their juxtaposition of cuteness with the macabre.[8] "Traditionally, the sublime is described as the beautiful tinged with pain," said Steppling gallery director Sheila Dollente. "Chueh pares that idea to a single spare image borne by figures reminiscent of the soft, innocent stuffed animals of childhood. His paintings are at once intriguing, puzzling, friendly and sorrowful."[9] His paintings and illustrations are noted for bringing together influences as diverse as Mark Rothko and Sanrio.[10][11] Chueh draws inspiration from deeply personal experiences to popular culture, and has created works that stem from the intolerance he suffered as a child growing up as a Chinese-American.[12]
In an interview with Art Prostitute Magazine he stated that he is influenced by his contemporaries utilizing strong illustrative elements. He mentioned Chiho Aoshima, Marcel Dzama, Jeremy Fish, Gary Baseman, Camille Rose Garcia, Barry McGee, Takashi Murakami, Yoshitomo Nara, Mark Ryden, and Ralph Steadman.[13]
In his recent work, he has designed the album artwork for Fall Out Boy's album Folie à Deux (2008).[7]
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Chalair Aviation - Wikipedia |
Chalair Aviation is a French regional airline with its head office and base on the grounds of Caen – Carpiquet Airport in Carpiquet.[2] It operates scheduled regional services as well as charter flights for various occasions.
The airline was founded in October 1986 as Chalair by Philippe Lebaron and renamed to Chalair Aviation in 1997.[3][4] Starting 1997, besides business and freight flights, Chalair Aviation began operating a Fairchild Swearingen Metroliner for scheduled flights between Le Mans and Eindhoven and an ATR 42 between Cherbourg and Orly. Between 1997 and 2004, Chalair Aviation operated 1 Fairchild Swearingen Metroliner, 1 ATR 42-300[5] and 3 Cessna Citation II and CJ2 jets.
The airline provides scheduled services as well as corporate shuttle services, freight (including toxic and corrosive material), business and sanitary flights, pilot certification and training, aircraft management and engineering and neighboring islands and JAR Part 145 maintenance services.[6] The airline now employs a total 42 persons, among them 27 are pilots.
In July 2016, Chalair Aviation took over the Antwerp to Hamburg route from bankrupt VLM Airlines, inaugurating its first service to Germany after stopping flights between Lyon and Cologne.[7]
German startup airline brand Green Airlines selected Chalair Aviation as their operating carrier for German domestic services from February 2021.[8][9]
Chalair Aviation operates to the following destinations under their own brand as of July 2019:
As of May 2023, the Chalair Aviation consists of the following aircraft:[13][14][better source needed]
Media related to Chalair Aviation at Wikimedia Commons
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Christmas Goose with Quince - Wikipedia | Christmas Goose With Quince (Comic thriller in one act)[1] is a 2012 play by Georgian playwright Miho Mosulishvili.[2]
In one ordinary, but got to a big debt, a family of Newlyweds (the husband Michael Danser and the wife Helen Quince) were very lucky, to them the owner of that consortium (Bonifacius) where they work with indecent desire goes the guest for a congratulation of Christmas.
Because of offered a large number of money a young married couple is compelled to serve and will execute all humiliating requirements from his strange guest, the owner of consortium, Gabriel Bonifacius, then because of it when Helen and Michael feel torment oneself, Newlyweds kill Bonifatius.
At this time to newlyweds come Michael's parents, Carlo and Rosalia for a congratulation Christmas too.
When they learn that newlyweds killed Bonifatius, at first they want to hide Helen and Michael, but then start thinking about own wellbeing and begin calls in police. But as it becomes clear, the visitor of consortium didn't die, it we live also healthy leaves the refrigerator where murderers hid his sawn parts of a body. It appears that Bonifatius not the person, but it is an angel who asks everything what sometimes to reflect that we do.
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George Qulaut - Wikipedia |
George Quviq Qulaut (born c. 1954) is a Canadian politician elected to the Legislative Assembly of Nunavut in the 2013 election, where he served a full term MLA and Speaker representing the Amittuq district. He was born in Igloolik and represented the electoral district of Amittuq until his defeat in the 2017 election.
George joined the Qikiqtani Inuit Association (QIA) in January 2022.[2]
He studied at Algonquin College in Ottawa and worked at the Igloolik Eastern Research Centre for 14 years. He was a QIA Community Director in Igloolik for 9 years, and Chairman of Qikiqtaaluk Corporation (QC).[2]
This article about a Nunavut politician is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. | 2023-08-27 17:11:22 |
Carlos Góis Mota - Wikipedia |
Carlos Cecílio Nunes Góis Mota (died 25 January 1973) was a Portuguese former and 29th president of Sporting CP between 28 January 1953 and 31 January 1957.
A Licentiate in law from the University of Lisbon and a lawyer, he became president of the Junta de Crédito Pública[1] and Procurator General of the Republic.
He became an associate of Sporting CP in December 1934 and was part of the social bodies of the club in many mandates, fulfilling many duties for twelve consecutive years, having participated nine times in the club's direction before becoming its president, two as a vogal and seven consecutive as vice president, between 19 January 1946 and 30 January 1952. He was part of the counsel general, organ he presided between 1963 and 1965, and of which he was considered a member for life. He was also created an associate of merit.
Under his leadership José Travassos, one of the Five Violins (Cinco Violinos), who also played in his time and included António Jesus Correia, Fernando Peyroteo, Albano and Manuel Vasques, in 1955, was the first Portuguese soccer player to become a player for the Selection of Europe against Great Britain and Northern Ireland, in Belfast, gaining his nickname "Zé da Europa".
Sporting had to compete in lent pitches until finally Estádio José Alvalade was built and inaugurated by him on 10 June 1956 at Campo Grande, in Lisbon. This event also coincided with the Golden anniversary of the club, celebrated with a vast ensemble of activities and in a manner never seen before in the country. For the occasion was also published the book "50 Anos ao Serviço do Desporto e da Pátria" ("Fifty Years at the Service of Sport and Motherland"), which constitutes a unique document about the history of the first half a century of Sporting CP. The club's motto "Esforço, Dedicação, Devoção e Glória: Eis o Sporting" ("Effort, Dedication, Devotion and Glory: Here Is Sporting") was also adopted during his tenure, one that gave a special attention to Sportig's Filiations and Delegations both in the continent, the islands and the overseas.
The club has won the Portuguese Football Championship and the Cup of Portugal in 1952/1953, the Portuguese Football Championship again in 1953/1954, with which he finished a sequence of four consecutive winnings, and the Championship of Reserves in 1954/1955.
He has also sent two Embassies of the club to Brazil, receiving the Knighthood of the Order of the Southern Cross for one of those occasions.
He was once the protagonist of an event in 1953 involving goalkeeper Carlos António Gomes, later soccer player at Futebol Clube Barreirense, mentioned in his memory book O Jogo da Vida. His income was 5,000$00 escudos or five contos a month and, finding it a low wage, he asked in an audience with the President for a raise to 20,000$00 escudos or 20 contos, which he denied. Góis Mota said "You want more money? Well put inside your head, if you have it, that as long as I am President it's five contos or nothing. What do you want more money for? For putas and automobiles?[2] The goalkeeper responded that it was none of his business, and that he did not accept that he was paid "five miserable contos"[3] when some of the players were receiving 20 or more. This confrontation later had negative results on his career.[4]
Góis Mota was also famed for once entering into the referee's cabin, at midtime, reportedly with a pistol in his hand, on 11 November 1956, at the Estádio da Tapadinha, during a game Atlético CP – Sporting. The game was tied 1-1 and apparently he was not enjoying the arbitration of Braga Barros, referee from Leiria, and he "advised him to take a better care in the 2nd part because he could get wronged.,[5]
Contrary to the popular belief he was not a PIDE Agent. He was actually Member, Commander and Secretary General of the Portuguese Legion. In this position in 1961, at the outbreak of the Portuguese Colonial War, he recruited a company (called terço in the Portuguese Legion) of volunteers in order to protect the facilities of the Companhia Angolana de Agricultura, owned by the Espírito Santo Silva banking family in Cuanza Sul Province. It was also by his initiative that he and the Services of Information of the Portuguese Legion then headed by retired Education Inspector Parente de Figueiredo and which included also journalist Luís Lupi, hired, in order to become a special agent in Angola Fernando da Conceição Araújo, a former merchant and colonist at New Lisbon who had bankrupt, remaining his supervisor.
He is the grandfather of António Mota de Sousa Horta Osório.[citation needed]
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Ilmari Auer - Wikipedia | Ilmari Auer (until 1895 Tappura; February 17, 1879 – July 13, 1965) was a Finnish politician and farmer.[1]
Auer was a member of the Parliament of Finland from 1919 to 1922 and 1924 to 1927, representing the National Progressive Party. He was again in the Parliament from 1929 to 1930, this time representing the Agrarian Party. On all three occasions, Auer was elected from the constituency of Uusimaa Province.[1] He was 2nd Minister of Agriculture in the cabinet of Lauri Ingman in 1924 and became Minister of Agriculture after the Agrarian Party withdrew from the cabinet.[2]
Auer was born in Lempäälä. He became an agronomist in Denmark in 1904 and obtained a master's degree in Finland 1910. He lived as a farmer in Tuusula from 1909–1914 and 1926–1963, in rural Helsinki from 1910–1916 and in Jaala from 1916–1926. He married Rauha Malina Siimes in 1919.[1] He died in Helsinki, aged 86.
This article about a Centre Party (Finland) politician is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. | 2023-08-27 17:11:30 |
Inventel - Wikipedia | Inventel was a French company developing consumer electronics and communication systems, noted for domestic gateways and considered one of the primary architects of Triple play in Europe.[citation needed] Founded in 1990 in Paris by Jacques Lewiner and Eric Carreel, the company was acquired by Thomson SA in 2005.[1]
Inventel was founded in 1990 by two researchers from ESPCI ParisTech, Jacques Lewiner and Eric Carreel, who later co-founded Withings. The company was successful at commercializing scientific research, and providing full product development (software, electronics, and mechanical) in-house.
In the 90’s Inventel succeeded in the pagers market with Tam Tam: a paging service using the ERMES standard, which was marketed by large operators.
In 1997, Inventel began its engineering activities in DECT. Since then, many Inventel features for DECT phones have been distributed by the major European operators. By 1999, Inventel was working on a device integrating wired and wireless voice and data. The BlueDSL was released in 2001. In 2001, Inventel accepted a €6 million investment from Banexi Ventures and Innovacom.
Inventel became the first major manufacturer of ADSL wireless secured access, with the DWB200 released in 2002.[2] Further ADSL modems for wireless hotspots and the consumer electronics market were developed, including the Livebox gateway which was distributed by France Telecom and several other European operators.
In March 2005, Thomson announced the acquisition of Inventel.[3] Based in the 5th arrondissement of Paris near the École supérieure de physique et de chimie industrielles de la ville de Paris, the company had around 75 employees when it was acquired by Thomson.
| 2023-08-27 17:11:33 |