def equals(v1, v2) ->bool:
    """Compare two objects by value. Unlike the standard Python equality operator,
    this function does not consider 1 == True or 0 == False. All other equality
    operations are the same and performed using Python's equality operator."""
    if isinstance(v1, (bool, type(None))) or isinstance(v2, (bool, type(None))
        ):
        return v1 is v2
    return v1 == v2
