Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: The field of nutrigenomics explores the interaction between diet and genes. [SEP] Text: In male zebrafish testes, but not female ovaries, the RA supplemented diet decreased raldh2 expression, an enzyme that synthesizes retinal acid from retinol, and increased cyp26a, an enzyme that converts retinoic acid to polar metabolites for excretion [86, 87]. Zebrafish are one of the few species that lack gluconolactone oxidase that converts gluconolactone to ascorbic acid, though zebrafish need vitamin C for many processes [88]. Kirkwood et al. formulated diets deficient in vitamin C, vitamin E (tocopherol), and both vitamin E and vitamin C [89]. Both vitamins have antioxidant activity and can provide a sparring effect on each other. The vitamin C-deficient diet resulted in increased oxidative stress and increased AMPD enzyme activity, necessary for purine nucleotide synthesis and cellular energy [90]. Levels of several metabolites also changed in response to the vitamin C-deficient diet including metabolites related to amino acids and amino acid derivatives, carnitine metabolism, glutathione synthesis, glycerophospholipid synthesis, and purine metabolism. Aside from the role of vitamin E in vitamin C sparing, the response of parental vitamin E in offspring has been studied in zebrafish. Miller et al. provided a commercial lab diet, a diet with vitamin E supplementation, or a diet deficient in vitamin E to reproductive age adults [91]. Offspring from adults on the vitamin E-deficient diet had increased malformations at 2 and 3 days post fertilization and lower levels of tissue vitamin E. Microarray showed 2656 genes differentially expressed between the offspring of the vitamin E-deficient and vitamin E-supplemented diets. Several biological processes were altered including embryonic development, cell development, tissue development, cell growth, and cell cycle. Zinc supplementation in the system water and the diet significantly increased body zinc and caused differential expression of 525 genes in zebrafish gills [92]. Genes related to transcription factors and steroid hormone receptors were enriched, impacting multiple pathways related to growth. Temporal transcriptome analysis showed that gene expression changes occurred immediately following transfer to water containing elevated levels of zinc, and the response to dietary zinc supplementation was maximal by day 7. By day 14, most of the genes impacted by zinc supplementation returned to basal expression levels. Beaver et al. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim by detailing various dietary experiments conducted on zebrafish and their effects on gene expression. For example, it mentions changes in gene expression linked to deficiencies and alterations in diet, such as the vitamin C-deficient diet resulting in increased oxidative stress and alterations in several metabolites related to amino acids and metabolism. Additionally, the microarray analysis found 2656 differentially expressed genes in response to vitamin E supplementation, highlighting the interaction between nutrition (diet) and genetic expression.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: These lenses can detect any illness by scanning the eye. [SEP] Text: 1%) eyes with a BRVO (Table 2). None of the 36 control eyes with fundus disorders had hyporeflective areas. Concordance of hyporeflective areas in blue widefield SLO images and non-perfused areas (NPAs) in fluorescein angiograms (FA) FA images were available for 175 eyes; 126 eyes in the DM groups and 49 eyes in the non-DM controls. In the DM group, 70 of the 94 eyes with PDR had FA images, 46 of the 53 eyes with moderate to severe NPDR had FA images, and 10 of the 30 eyes with less than mild NPDR had FA images. Among the 49 eyes of the non-DM controls, FA images were available in 6 of the 7 eyes with BRVO, 35 of the 56 eyes with fundus disorders except DR or RVO, and 8 of the 36 eyes with non-fundus disorders. Among the eyes examined by FA, NPAs were found in 65 eyes with PDR, in 27 eyes with moderate to severe NPDR, and in 3 eyes with BRVO. In these cases, a concordance in the incidence and location between the hyporeflective area in the blue SLO images and the NPAs in the FA images was evaluated (Table 3). Among the 65 eyes with PDR in which NPAs were found in the FA images, hyporeflective areas in the blue SLO images were observed in 53 eyes (52/65, 80. 0% sensitivity). Similarly, in 27 eyes with moderate to severe NPDR and with NPAs in the FA images, the hyporeflective areas in the blue SLO images were found in 21 eyes (21/27, 77. 8% sensitivity). In these eyes, the location of the hyporeflective areas corresponded exactly within the location of the NPAs in the FA images (Fig. 1–5). In contrast, 13 of the 65 eyes (19. 7%) with PDR and with NPAs in the FA images and 6 of the 27 eyes (22. 2%) with moderate to severe NPDR and with NPAs did not show hyporeflective areas in the blue SLO images. In these eyes, the SLO images were obtained after photocoagulation, while the FA images were obtained before the treatment. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts with the claim by detailing specific results from an analysis of hyporeflective areas in blue SLO images versus NPAs found in fluorescein angiograms. It indicates that while there is some sensitivity (80.0% for PDR and 77.8% for moderate to severe NPDR), not all cases of PDR or NPDR exhibit detectable hyporeflective areas in the blue SLO images. This suggests that the lenses may not detect all illnesses, contrary to the claim that they can detect 'any' illness.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Every ancient civilization has left behind detailed written records. [SEP] Text: I generally found the graphics challenging to read and interpret, with the key messages not clearly represented visually. Perhaps fewer and simpler graphics could better convey the main findings. We have added interpretation to the wealth and education graphics. I’d like more discussion about implications of the findings that some advantaged groups have experienced MCP stagnation or declines. Does this imply an inequitable focus on these groups, suggesting further declines among these groups under the FP2020 “equity” approach? Unlikely, but this could still have implications about how the FP2030 defines equity moving forward. After reinforcing their message that in its aim of reaching 120 million additional users FP2020 does not seem to have widened the use gap between advantaged and disadvantaged women, I’d encourage the authors to give a bit more consideration to their findings on MCP declines among several more advantaged groups and the implications this might have for FP2030. The changes in modern contraceptive use among the most advantage groups (e. g. most education, richest, oldest, urban) were not significant. We have added this note into the discussion. Competing Interests: No competing interests were disclosed. a concern 0 to cite this report: Malarcher S. For: No one left behind: has the pursuit of FP2020’s 120 million additional users goal left some women behind? [version 2; peer review: 2 approved, 2 approved with reservations]. Res 2022, 5:114 ( The direct URL for this report is: The 1. This one is easy to read. It would be more interesting to present the diff in diff analysis. I appreciate the reference and cut off according to confidence interval, but is there a way to include them in the paper? I don’t believe it is appropriate to compare the most vulnerable (poorest) with the most advantaged (wealthiest). I recommend focusing your analysis on comparing the most vulnerable to an index population (poorest with middle income), as you have done and drop the other analysis. This comparison is more appropriate in my view and could make the figures and analysis easier to communicate. This is true for education and age as well. The residential analysis doesn’t reflect on shifts in demographics. Was there a significant shift in people from rural to urban settings? I can’t follow the finding on age. Please clarify. Did you limit the analysis to married women 15-19? [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text does not address the claim regarding ancient civilizations and their written records. Instead, it discusses modern analysis and interpretation of findings related to family planning and modern contraceptive use, making it irrelevant to the claim.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: The field of nutrigenomics explores the interaction between diet and genes. [SEP] Text: Expression of thfrsf11 and thfrsf11/thfrsf11b ratio are both increased, which suggests impacts on bone reabsorption. Along with these changes in bone formation, zebrafish on the high-fat diet treatment exhibited decreased adiponectin and increased leptin, weight, BMI, and advanced glycation end products. ConclusionsThe case for the importance of the zebrafish model in nutrigenomic studies is substantial. Zebrafish models have been developed for almost any human disease in which nutrition is a confounding factor. The results in these studies are easily translatable to other animal models or human intervention trials for a wide array of public health concerns. As the zebrafish model continues to be utilized in nutrigenomic studies, certain considerations will maximize effectiveness and create new avenues for investigation. Defined reference diets, similar to those used in rodents, are being developed to enhance experimental rigor and reproducibility. Currently, many labs rely on commercially available diets that can have unknown composition and differing sourced ingredients. These ingredients can contain undetected or unreported bioactive dietary components. The zebrafish community will benefit from an increased understanding of the nutritional needs of zebrafish [97], and additional research and education should be forthcoming. Manipulation of diet content is an important tool to investigate diet-related physiology and molecular changes. Age-related responses to dietary content should also be considered in current and future studies. Studies of reproduction performed at various age structures and using various feed management strategies can yield different results. Alsop et al. bred females every few days to observe egg production following vitamin A supplementation [85]. Reproductive output was lower in zebrafish fed smaller rations compared to those fed large rations [98]. Ages at which diets were provided varied substantially among these studies. Temporal transcriptome studies reported by Zheng et al. demonstrated the importance of timing on genomic outcomes [92]. Thus, understanding the complexity of nutrigenomic outcomes in response to nutrient and non-nutrient-related manipulations will allow us to further clarify the role of nutrients in metabolic processes related to normal and disease states of zebrafish health. Lastly, the value of zebrafish nutrigenetics studies has been enhanced by the high throughput nature of the model. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim by discussing how zebrafish models are utilized in nutrigenomic studies to investigate the impacts of diet on genetics. It indicates that 'manipulation of diet content is an important tool to investigate diet-related physiology and molecular changes,' which directly supports the idea that nutrigenomics deals with the interaction between diet and genes.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: These lenses can detect any illness by scanning the eye. [SEP] Text: Thus, the chorioretinal scars of photocoagulations seemed to interfere with finding the dark areas with multiple scars showing hyperreflection. In 3 eyes with BRVO and with NPAs in the FA images, the hyporeflective areas were detected in all 3 eyes (3/3, 100% sensitivity). In these 3 eyes, the hyporeflective areas corresponded with the areas of the NPAs in the FA images (Supplementary Fig. 2). In contrast, none of the eyes without a NPA in the FA images (10 eyes with less than mild NPDR, 3 eyes with BRVO, 35 eyes with other fundus diseases except DR/RVO, and 8 eyes without fundus diseases) showed any hyporeflective areas in the blue widefield SLO images. The concordance between the incidence of hyporeflective areas in the widefield blue SLO and the NPAs in the FA images was determined by calculating Cohen’s kappa coefficient (κ) with the kappa function. The mean κ value was 0. 785 with a range of 0. 6 and 0. 8. Thus, we conclude that there was good concordance in the incidence (Table 3). Furthermore, hyporeflective areas were not found in the blue SLO images, when NPAs in the FA images were not found, in all 80 eyes for a specificity of 100%. Thus, the concordance relationship between the widefield blue SLO images and the NPAs in the FA images was very high. Thinning and disorganization of retina in hyporeflective areas in blue widefield SLO images Ultra-widefield OCT findings were examined to determine the morphological changes of the retina in the hyporeflective areas in the blue SLO images. There were images from both widefield SLO images and corresponding OCT images of 3 eyes in 2 cases. In these 3 eyes, the area of dark findings in the blue SLO images corresponded to the NPAs detected in the FA images. In the ultra-widefield OCT images, a thinning of the entire retina with partially disorganization of the inner retinal layer was observed corresponding to the hyporeflective areas in the SLO blue images (Figs. 4,5 and supplementary Fig. 3). [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by providing detailed information on the limitations of the blue widefield SLO images in detecting hyporeflective areas associated with certain conditions, making it clear that these lenses do not have the ability to detect all illnesses. It notes that hyporeflective areas were only found in specific cases where non-perfusion areas (NPAs) were detected, indicating that the lenses do not universally detect any illness, but rather have specific conditions under which they are effective.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Every ancient civilization has left behind detailed written records. [SEP] Text: Did you explore using sexually active 15-19 yrs olds? The conclusion is a bit difficult to follow. It’s not just about – were there any significant gains in vulnerable populations. What we want to see is that programs focused on these groups and we saw them “catch up”. How did their gains compare with gains elsewhere? Perhaps you could start the conclusion with some general statements about which population groups saw the greatest increases in country (vulnerable or not) and then focus on the countries that show significant gains in reducing inequities. Is the work clearly and accurately presented and does it cite the current literature? the study design appropriate and is the work technically sound? sufficient details of methods and analysis provided to allow replication by others? applicable, is the statistical analysis and its interpretation appropriate? all the source data underlying the results available to ensure full reproducibility? the conclusions drawn adequately supported by the results? Interests: No competing interests were disclosed. Reviewer Expertise: family planning, social science research, KM, research translation I confirm that I have read this submission and believe that I have an appropriate level of expertise to confirm that it is of an acceptable scientific standard, however I have significant reservations, as outlined above. . For: No one left behind: has the pursuit of FP2020’s 120 million additional users goal left some women behind? [version 2; peer review: 2 approved, 2 approved with reservations]. Res 2022, 5:114 ( The direct URL for this report is: This one is easy to read. It would be more interesting to present the diff in diff analysis. All countries in the wealth graphic should have two bubbles. One bubble is for the earlier survey and the second bubble is for the later survey. We opted not to do a regression analysis (which would be a difference in difference analysis) and our reasoning added to the discussion section. We will add additional notes that will help with the interpretation. I appreciate the reference and cut off according to confidence interval, but is there a way to include them in the paper? The confidence intervals are included in the paper. For interpretability of the findings, we opted to keep them in tables and not directly in text. I don’t believe it is appropriate to compare the most vulnerable (poorest) with the most advantaged (wealthiest). [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text is irrelevant to the claim as it discusses topics related to family planning and research methodology, without any reference to ancient civilizations or the existence of their written records. There are no mentions of historical documentation or evidence supporting or contradicting the claim.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: The field of nutrigenomics explores the interaction between diet and genes. [SEP] Text: Zebrafish have been used for drug discovery and forward genetic screens, and for novel gene functions and impacts of genetic variation [99, 100]. Similar screening of dietary components that function differentially in specific genotypes is not only possible but scientifically necessary and highly valuable. Parks et al. investigated the effects of diet on over 100 inbred strains of mice, yielding important information on single nucleotide differences in diet response. Similar study designs can be performed in the zebrafish model with less logistic effort to discover novel diet-responsive alleles [101]. Recently, single nucleotide polymorphisms of several growth factor genes were identified following the consumption of plant protein diets and were implicated as novel targets for future investigation [102]. Large-scale transposon insertion and targeted gene-editing techniques that have recently been used with zebrafish also provides means of novel gene discovery and of how gene variants can alter responses to diet. The value of the zebrafish as a nutrigenomic model is just now being discovered. We hope that more studies will focus on the use of the zebrafish model for gene-diet interactions, and we believe that this information will be translatable to human health. Availability of data and materials Not applicable 68. 13. 253. 469. 89. CAS 353. 498. 63. 227. 13. 21. 2016. Jama. 2018;319(16):1723–5. 1999. 3. 8. 4. 2009. Mogler C, et al. Hepatic stellate cell-expressed endosialin balances fibrogenesis and hepatocyte proliferation during liver damage. EMBO molecular medicine. 2015;7(3):332–8. 2015. 2015. . Tissue-specific transcriptional modulation of fatty acid-binding protein genes, fabp2, fabp3 and fabp6, by fatty acids and the peroxisome proliferator, clofibrate, in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Gene. 2013;520(1):14–21. 68. 17. 60. 2016. 5. Arslan-Ergul A, et al. Short-term dietary restriction in old zebrafish changes cell senescence mechanisms. Neuroscience. 2016;334:64–75. 35. 43. 8. 94. 85. 70. 32. 77. 2002. Hedrera MI, et al. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim by discussing the use of zebrafish and the investigation of how dietary components affect genetic variations. It notes that 'similar screening of dietary components that function differentially in specific genotypes is not only possible but scientifically necessary and highly valuable,' which supports the idea that nutrigenomics is focused on understanding the interaction between diet and genes.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: These lenses can detect any illness by scanning the eye. [SEP] Text: blue widefield images showed hyporeflective areas in a high percentage of patients with PDR. Among the 92 eyes with NPAs in the FA images due to PDR or moderate/severe NPDR, 52 eyes with PDR and 21 eyes with moderate/severe NPDR had hyporeflective areas in the blue SLO images (79. 3%). A high concordance of the incidence of hyporeflective areas in the blue SLO and the NPAs in the FA images was confirmed with a kappa = 0. 785. In addition, a direct comparison between the FA and blue SLO images showed that the location of the hyporeflective areas seen in the blue SLO images were also found within the location of the NPAs identified in the FA images in patients with PDR and moderate to severe NPDR. The concordance between hyporeflective areas found in blue SLO image and NPAs in FA was comparable to the findings of Shin et al 20. However, our findings were made in almost entire continuous fundus images while the previous study examined a relatively segmented narrower field. Our findings should be especially helpful in the management of DR because the ischemia of retina in DR is not limited to only the posterior pole but throughout fundus including the periphery. Additionally, we examined the retinal structure in the ultra-widefield OCT images corresponding to the hyporeflective areas in blue SLO, and we found morphological change including a thinning and disorganization of the retina indicating secondary ischemic degeneration of the retina. The widefield images obtained by multicolor SLO (Mirante®) cover up to the equator (163 degree field of view), which give us comprehensive information of retinal ischemia of DR in a single image. Compared to the widefield OCTA images, the blue SLO images can be easily obtained with a single shot as in the conventional fundus photographs. Blue, green, and red images are instantly recorded separately. Thus, once multicolor images are obtained, the detection of hyporeflective areas in the blue images is possible. This correspondence was also found in eyes with BRVO although the number of eyes was small. These findings suggest that the hyporeflective areas in the blue widefield SLO images are good indicators of the presence of NPAs regardless of the disease. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by detailing a specific study that focuses on detecting hyporeflective areas associated with diabetic retinopathy (PDR) using blue SLO images. It acknowledges that these findings are indicative of particular conditions, but does not support the claim that the lenses can detect any illness universally. The text specifies the context of diabetic retinopathy and highlights the limitations and specific findings of the study, rather than providing evidence that these lenses can diagnose a wide range of illnesses.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Every ancient civilization has left behind detailed written records. [SEP] Text: I recommend focusing your analysis on comparing the most vulnerable to an index population (poorest with middle income), as you have done and drop the other analysis. This comparison is more appropriate in my view and could make the figures and analysis easier to communicate. This is true for education and age as well. We wanted to compare the most disadvantaged group to the least disadvantaged group because we wanted to assess if the most vulnerable (disadvantaged) were left behind while the most advantaged continued to progress. While we focus on these two groups in most of the analysis, we do calculate MCPR among all levels of the equity dimensions and those comparisons can be made by all readers by reviewing the tables. The residential analysis doesn’t reflect on shifts in demographics. Was there a significant shift in people from rural to urban settings? We investigated this question, and we did not see any change in people moving from rural to urban settings in every country between surveys. I can’t follow the finding on age. Please clarify. Did you limit the analysis to married women 15-19? Did you explore using sexually active 15-19 yrs olds? For the age analysis, the findings are for all women where possible. There is a separate analysis for unmarried sexually active women. The conclusion is a bit difficult to follow. It’s not just about – were there any significant gains in vulnerable populations. What we want to see is that programs focused on these groups and we saw them “catch up”. How did their gains compare with gains elsewhere? Perhaps you could start the conclusion with some general statements about which population groups saw the greatest increases in country (vulnerable or not) and then focus on the countries that show significant gains in reducing inequities. We do start the conclusions with some general statements. Since we cannot measure direct program effect in this paper, we added a point in the discussion where we mention this has a limitation. Overall, we found your feedback to be incredibly helpful. Thank you for taking the time to make comments. Specific questions are addressed below. While MCPR is a useful measure for this exercise, it does not provide the full picture of equity in FP. For example, unmet need for contraception may provide a better measure at how well programs are meeting demand. Likewise, MCPR does not capture client experience or the ability of the system to provide a preferred method. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text is irrelevant to the claim as it discusses analysis methods related to vulnerable populations and program effects in a modern context, without addressing the existence or absence of written records from ancient civilizations.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: The field of nutrigenomics explores the interaction between diet and genes. [SEP] Text: Genetic susceptibility to obesity and diet intakes: association and interaction analyses in the Malmö Diet and access Published: 17 July 2013 Genetic susceptibility to obesity and diet intakes: association and interaction analyses in the Malmö Diet and Gull Rukh1, Emily Sonestedt1, Olle Melander2, Bo Hedblad3, Elisabet Wirfält4, Ulrika Ericson1 & …Marju Orho-Melander1 Show authors Genes & Nutrition pages 535–547 (2013)Cite this 3. 6 × 10−34), fat mass (P = 6. 3 × 10−28) and fat-free mass (P = 1. 3 × 10−24). Higher GRS associated with lower total energy intake (P = 0. 001) and higher intake of fiber (P = 2. 3 × 10−4). No significant interactions were observed between GRS and the studied dietary intakes on BMI or related traits. Of the individual SNPs, after correcting for multiple comparisons, NEGR1 rs2815752 associated with diet intakes and BDNF rs4923461 showed interaction with protein intake on BMI. In conclusion, our study does not provide evidence for a major role for macronutrient-, fiber- or total energy intake levels in modifying genetic susceptibility to obesity measured as GRS. However, our data suggest that the number of risk alleles as well as some of the individual obesity loci may have a role in regulation of food and energy intake and that some individual loci may interact with diet. IntroductionObesity is a globally increasing major health problem, and considerable evidence from twin, adoption and family studies demonstrates that around 40–70 % of population variation in body mass index (BMI) is accounted by genetic factors (Herrera and Lindgren 2010; Maes et al. 1997; Stunkard et al. 1990). However, the rapid rises in the prevalence of overweight and obesity worldwide argue against a solely genetic etiology. The risk is more likely determined by environmental changes and complex interactions between genetic and environmental factors. Recently, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have discovered a large number of genetic loci robustly associated with various obesity-related traits (Frayling et al. 2007; Loos et al. 2008; Meyre et al. 2009; Thorleifsson et al. 2009; Willer et al. 2009; Heid et al. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim by discussing the interaction between genetic factors and dietary intakes in relation to obesity. It mentions that certain individual SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) show interactions with diet, indicating a connection between genes and food intake, which aligns with the concept of nutrigenomics.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: These lenses can detect any illness by scanning the eye. [SEP] Text: Despite the high concordance between the number and locations of the hyporeflective areas and the NPAs, approximately 20% of DR eyes with NPAs did not have hyporeflective areas in the blue SLO images. One of the reasons for this was that the SLO images were not taken on or around the same day as the FA examinations in some eyes. In most cases, the SLO images were taken after the targeted photocoagulation of the NPAs or after PRP, while the FA images were taken before the photocoagulation. The chorioretinal scars of photocoagulation are occasionally seen as hyperreflective areas in the blue SLO images, and this brightness often makes it difficult to detect the hyporeflective areas in the blue SLO images especially in the areas with a large number of photocoagulation scars. In some cases, media opacities such as mild vitreous hemorrhages of onset after the FA examination also reduced the resolution of the SLO images. Recent advances in OCT technology has allowed recordings that can reveal a disorganization of the inner retinal layer in the areas where the NPAs are located in eyes with DR 21,22. In addition, a thinning of the inner retina in the areas of the NPAs has been reported 22. Despite the limited number of cases examined, ultra-widefield OCT was able to show the thinning and disorganization of the inner retina in the areas where the NPAs were located. Thus, it is highly likely that the hyporeflective areas in the blue SLO images represent morphological changes of the retina caused by non-perfusion in the retinal capillaries. This study has several limitations. The study was conducted at a single tertiary eye center thus the results may not be applied to the general DR population. A second limitation is that the SLO and FA images were not always taken on the same day. Thus, an interval between the two examinations may have affected the findings. In conclusion, these results indicate that widefield blue SLO can be used as a non-invasive and easy method to detect NPAs, and thus determine the severity of the DR. As automated screening for DR has been and will be more widely used 23,24, this technique of detecting NPAs by just one fundus photograph is considered an important and easy technique for the clinical management and screening for DR. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by discussing the limitations of using blue SLO images to detect non-perfusion areas (NPAs) in diabetic retinopathy (DR) patients. It explains that not all NPAs can be visualized even though there is a high concordance between the hyporeflective areas and NPAs, indicating that the technology may not be universally effective for detecting all illnesses. Furthermore, it notes the complexities and challenges involved in image capture and interpretation, demonstrating that the technique may not succeed in revealing every pathological condition through eye scanning alone.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Every ancient civilization has left behind detailed written records. [SEP] Text: For purposes of this analysis, I agree MCPR works well, however, I suggest the authors acknowledge this limitation. We added additional information on this in the methods section where we discuss why we opted to use MCPR and then also added in the discussion section limitation of how our analysis in unable to provide an analysis on client experience or the ability of the system to provide a woman’s preferred method. The current version is a high quality academic paper. It would be helpful to include some recognition that inequities are a result of the system's inability to serve the needs of particular communities. These differences mark important differences in power structures and resource allocation. We added in a note on how resource allocation and tailored programming towards reducing inequities is likely what allowed countries to grow MCPR. Following the point above, in countries where the equity gaps has shrunk, it would be helpful to acknowledge that this is due to the program's ability to shift these power and resource imbalances. They have been able to reshape programs to reflect the values and p1. This one is easy to read. It would be more interesting to present the diff in diff analysis. All countries in the wealth graphic should have two bubbles. One bubble is for the earlier survey and the second bubble is for the later survey. We opted not to do a regression analysis (which would be a difference in difference analysis) and our reasoning added to the discussion section. We will add additional notes that will help with the interpretation. I appreciate the reference and cut off according to confidence interval, but is there a way to include them in the paper? The confidence intervals are included in the paper. For interpretability of the findings, we opted to keep them in tables and not directly in text. I don’t believe it is appropriate to compare the most vulnerable (poorest) with the most advantaged (wealthiest). I recommend focusing your analysis on comparing the most vulnerable to an index population (poorest with middle income), as you have done and drop the other analysis. This comparison is more appropriate in my view and could make the figures and analysis easier to communicate. This is true for education and age as well. We wanted to compare the most disadvantaged group to the least disadvantaged group because we wanted to assess if the most vulnerable (disadvantaged) were left behind while the most advantaged continued to progress. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text does not address or provide any insight related to the claim regarding ancient civilizations and their written records. Instead, it discusses the limitations of a paper's methodology, the importance of addressing inequities in resource allocation, and makes recommendations on analysis and interpretation, which are unrelated to the claim.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: The field of nutrigenomics explores the interaction between diet and genes. [SEP] Text: 2010; Speliotes et al. 2010). However, the mechanisms by which the identified variants affect the risk of obesity are mostly unclear. Several studies of the fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) have indicated that environmental factors such as diet composition and physical activity level may modify the genetic susceptibility to develop obesity (Andreasen et al. 2008; Li et al. 2012; Sonestedt et al. 2011; Sonestedt et al. 2009). Apart from those in FTO, several of the identified SNPs are located in or near genes clearly related to appetite regulation (Willer et al. 2009), and recently, five of the novel obesity loci (SH2B1, KCTD15, MTCH2, NEGR1 and BDNF) were indicated to be associated with dietary macronutrient intake levels (Bauer et al. 2009). Another study reported that the obesity-associated risk variants may affect the pattern and content of food consumption (McCaffery et al. 2012). On the other hand, theKORA study comprising of 12,462 individuals found no evidence of nutritional intake or energy expenditure as mediators of genetic variant-BMI association (Holzapfel et al. 2010). Apart from the studies that looked for the association between individual obesity-associated SNPs and diet intakes, studies investigating interaction between genetic predisposition score and dietary intakes or other environmental factors are lacking. A couple of studies have actually investigated interactions between genetic predisposition score for obesity and physical activity (Li et al. 2010) and/or television watching (Qi et al. 2012b), but with the best of our knowledge, no study so far has investigated interaction between genetic risk score (GRS) of obesity SNPs and dietary intakes. In this study, we wanted to clarify whether dietary factors play a role in modifying the genetic susceptibility to obesity. For this, we first tested association between 16 GWAS identified obesity susceptibility variants and body composition traits in the population-based Malmö Diet and cohort (MDCS). We then created a GRS of the replicated variants and investigated associations with BMI and related traits and with dietary intake levels of fats, carbohydrates, protein, fiber as well as intake of total energy. Further, we studied interaction between the diet intakes and GRS on BMI and related traits. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim by discussing the interaction between genetic predisposition for obesity and dietary factors. It mentions studies investigating how dietary composition may modify genetic susceptibility to obesity, indicating a clear relationship between diet and genes, which aligns with the definition of nutrigenomics. For example, it specifically states that 'dietary factors play a role in modifying the genetic susceptibility to obesity,' supporting the notion that the field explores such interactions.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: These lenses can detect any illness by scanning the eye. [SEP] Text: We also conclude that these findings will not only allow clinicians to detect NPAs accurately and easily, but will also allow a monitoring of the effectiveness of therapy in slowing or halting the progress of DR. Declarationsthanks to of the for discussions and corrections of this manuscript. Figure and manuscript preparation:Rationale: design: collection: SH, NK, Data analysis: SH, NK, Interpretation: review on manuscript: All authors Competing interest S. H. and T. Y. belong to department of Imaging in which is funded by. There is no other conflict of interest. The other authors: NK. , KK, TIY. KOM. have no competing interest related to this submission. Data availability The data in this study are subject to restrictions and are not being made publicly available. Data are available only on reasonable request and with permission of ethics committee of our institution. 2008. JAMA 304, 649–656 (2010). Sabanayagam, C. , Yip, W. , Ting, D. S. W. , Tan, G. & Wong, T. Y. Trends in the Epidemiology of Diabetic Retinopathy. 23, 209–222 (2016). Wang, L. Z. et al. Availability and variability in guidelines on diabetic retinopathy screening in Asian countries. Ophthalmol 101, 1352–1360 (2017). Ruta, L. M. et al. Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in Type 2 diabetes in developing and developed countries. 30, 387–398 (2013). Guariguata, L. et al. Global estimates of diabetes prevalence for 2013 and projections for 2035. 103, 137–149 (2014). Kume, A. & Kashiwagi, K. Recent epidemiological status of ocular and other major complications related to diabetes mellitus in Japan. Ophthalmologica (2020) Epub ahead of print. Miyazaki, M. et al. Comparison of diagnostic methods for diabetes mellitus based on prevalence of retinopathy in a Japanese population: the Hisayama Study. Diabetologia 47, 1411–1415 (2004). Adamiec-Mroczek, J. & Oficjalska-Młyńczak, J. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by discussing the specific detection capabilities related to diabetic retinopathy (DR), emphasizing that the findings facilitate accurate detection and monitoring of NPAs (non-proliferative abnormalities) rather than detecting any illness through eye scanning. This limitation directly contradicts the assertion that these lenses can universally detect any illness.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Every ancient civilization has left behind detailed written records. [SEP] Text: While we focus on these two groups in most of the analysis, we do calculate MCPR among all levels of the equity dimensions and those comparisons can be made by all readers by reviewing the tables. The residential analysis doesn’t reflect on shifts in demographics. Was there a significant shift in people from rural to urban settings? We investigated this question, and we did not see any change in people moving from rural to urban settings in every country between surveys. I can’t follow the finding on age. Please clarify. Did you limit the analysis to married women 15-19? Did you explore using sexually active 15-19 yrs olds? For the age analysis, the findings are for all women where possible. There is a separate analysis for unmarried sexually active women. The conclusion is a bit difficult to follow. It’s not just about – were there any significant gains in vulnerable populations. What we want to see is that programs focused on these groups and we saw them “catch up”. How did their gains compare with gains elsewhere? Perhaps you could start the conclusion with some general statements about which population groups saw the greatest increases in country (vulnerable or not) and then focus on the countries that show significant gains in reducing inequities. We do start the conclusions with some general statements. Since we cannot measure direct program effect in this paper, we added a point in the discussion where we mention this has a limitation. Competing Interests: No competing interests were disclosed. a concern Respond or 28 Jan 2022 Shiza Shiza, FP2020, Washington, 20006, USA 28 Jan 2022 Overall, we found your feedback to be incredibly helpful. Thank you for taking the time to make comments. Specific questions are addressed below. While MCPR is a useful. . . Continue reading Overall, we found your feedback to be incredibly helpful. Thank you for taking the time to make comments. Specific questions are addressed below. While MCPR is a useful measure for this exercise, it does not provide the full picture of equity in FP. For example, unmet need for contraception may provide a better measure at how well programs are meeting demand. Likewise, MCPR does not capture client experience or the ability of the system to provide a preferred method. For purposes of this analysis, I agree MCPR works well, however, I suggest the authors acknowledge this limitation. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text does not address the claim about ancient civilizations leaving behind written records. Instead, it focuses on modern demographic analysis and program evaluations related to family planning and equity. Therefore, it is irrelevant to the claim.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: The field of nutrigenomics explores the interaction between diet and genes. [SEP] Text: Finally, in post hoc analyses, we studied interactions between the individual SNPs and macronutrient intakes on BMI and body composition. Subjects and methodsStudy populationThe Malmö Diet and (MDCS) is a large population-based cohort of comprising of men born between 1923 and 1945 and women born between 1923 and 1950 who were invited to a baseline examination during 1991–1996 (Berglund et al. 1993; Manjer et al. 2002). Mental incapacity and limited Swedish language skills were the only exclusion criteria. All participants visited the study center on two occasions. During the first visit, anthropometric measures were taken, blood samples were collected, and the participants were provided with the questionnaires and detailed instructions about the dietary data collection procedure. During the second visit, after nearly 10 days, trained dietary interviewers conducted individual interviews to complete the diet history and to check the correctness of completed questionnaires. The MDCS study protocols were approved by the ethics committee of Lund University. All participants provided written informed consent. Full details on recruitment of participants and study procedures have been described previously (Manjer et al. 2001). In total, 30,447 individuals participated in baseline examinations (1991–1996). After excluding individuals without DNA or other crucial basic phenotypic information (n = 58) or lacking genotype information for more than 40 % of the SNPs (n = 909), 29,480 individuals remained and constituted the study sample for the genetic analyses. For the dietary analyses, we further excluded individuals with incomplete dietary data (n = 2,258) and/or with diabetes at baseline (n = 1,115) and were left with 26,107 individuals. Diabetes at baseline was identified through the use of antidiabetic therapy or self-reported diabetes diagnosis. Anthropometric measuresWeight was measured in kilograms using a balance-beam scale with subjects wearing light clothes and no shoes, height was measured in centimeters using a fixed stadiometer, and waist circumference was measured in centimeters by taking measurements midway between the lowest rib margin and iliac crest. Total body FM and fat-free mass (FFM) were determined using the body composition analyzer (BIA 103; JRL Systems, Mt. ), which employs bioelectric impedance principle. Obesity was defined according to the criteria set by Organization, i. e. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim by describing a study that examines the interactions between SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) and macronutrient intakes, which directly relates to the exploration of how diet interacts with genetic factors in influencing BMI and body composition. This aligns with the principles of nutrigenomics, which focuses on the relationship between dietary intake and genetic expression.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: These lenses can detect any illness by scanning the eye. [SEP] Text: Assessment of selected adhesion molecule and proinflammatory cytokine levels in the vitreous body of patients with type 2 diabetes--role of the inflammatory-immune process in the pathogenesis of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Ophthalmol 246, 1665–1670 (2008). Nawaz, I. M. et al. Human vitreous in proliferative diabetic retinopathy: Characterization and translational implications. 72, 100756 (2019). Mustafi, D. , Saraf, S. S. , Shang, Q. & Olmos de Koo, L. C. New developments in angiography for the diagnosis and management of diabetic retinopathy. 167, 108361 (2020). Nicholson, L. et al. Characteristics on Ultra-in and Retinopathy. JAMA Ophthalmol 137, 626–631 (2019). Tey, K. Y. et al. Optical coherence tomography angiography in diabetic retinopathy: a review of current applications. (Lond) 6, 37 (2019). Ashraf, M. et al. of Deep, Intermediate and by Severity. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 61, 53 (2020). Samara, W. A. et al. Quantification of and with Visual Acuity. Ophthalmology 124, 235–244 (2017). Sawada, O. et al. Comparison between wide-angle OCT angiography and ultra-wide field fluorescein angiography for detecting non-perfusion areas and retinal neovascularization in eyes with diabetic retinopathy. Ophthalmol 256, 1275–1280 (2018). Terasaki, H. et al. Ability of MultiColor scanning laser ophthalmoscope to detect non-glaucomatous retinal nerve fiber layer defects in eyes with retinal diseases. BMC Ophthalmol 18, 324 (2018). Terasaki, H. et al. More effective screening for epiretinal membranes with multicolor scanning laser ophthalmoscope than with color fundus photographs. Retina (Philadelphia, Pa. ) 40, 1412–1418 (2020). . & Lee, W. J. A novel noninvasive detection method for retinal nonperfusion using confocal red-free imaging. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by discussing various studies and findings specific to diabetic retinopathy and other retinal conditions without mentioning any capability for lenses to detect any illness by simply scanning the eye. It focuses on specific assessments and advancements in the field of ophthalmology rather than a generalized capability of eye scanning lenses to detect all illnesses.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Every ancient civilization has left behind detailed written records. [SEP] Text: We added additional information on this in the methods section where we discuss why we opted to use MCPR and then also added in the discussion section limitation of how our analysis in unable to provide an analysis on client experience or the ability of the system to provide a woman’s preferred method. The current version is a high quality academic paper. It would be helpful to include some recognition that inequities are a result of the system's inability to serve the needs of particular communities. These differences mark important differences in power structures and resource allocation. We added in a note on how resource allocation and tailored programming towards reducing inequities is likely what allowed countries to grow MCPR. Following the point above, in countries where the equity gaps has shrunk, it would be helpful to acknowledge that this is due to the program's ability to shift these power and resource imbalances. They have been able to reshape programs to reflect the values and p1. This one is easy to read. It would be more interesting to present the diff in diff analysis. All countries in the wealth graphic should have two bubbles. One bubble is for the earlier survey and the second bubble is for the later survey. We opted not to do a regression analysis (which would be a difference in difference analysis) and our reasoning added to the discussion section. We will add additional notes that will help with the interpretation. I appreciate the reference and cut off according to confidence interval, but is there a way to include them in the paper? The confidence intervals are included in the paper. For interpretability of the findings, we opted to keep them in tables and not directly in text. I don’t believe it is appropriate to compare the most vulnerable (poorest) with the most advantaged (wealthiest). I recommend focusing your analysis on comparing the most vulnerable to an index population (poorest with middle income), as you have done and drop the other analysis. This comparison is more appropriate in my view and could make the figures and analysis easier to communicate. This is true for education and age as well. We wanted to compare the most disadvantaged group to the least disadvantaged group because we wanted to assess if the most vulnerable (disadvantaged) were left behind while the most advantaged continued to progress. While we focus on these two groups in most of the analysis, we do calculate MCPR among all levels of the equity dimensions and those comparisons can be made by all readers by reviewing the tables. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text is irrelevant to the claim as it discusses methodological aspects of a research paper, including resource allocation and analysis comparisons, without any reference to ancient civilizations or written records. Thus, it does not support or contradict the claim; it simply does not address it at all.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: The field of nutrigenomics explores the interaction between diet and genes. [SEP] Text: Assuming additive model and adjusting for age and sex, we used logistic regression to analyze association between each SNP or GRS with overweight and obesity and linear regression to analyze association between the SNPs or GRS and quantitative variables (height, weight, waist and hip circumference, FM, FFM, body fat percentage and dietary variables including total energy intake (kcal/day), percentage of energy [E%] from fat, carbohydrates and protein or according to fiber density [g/1,000 kcal]). The analyses of associations with dietary variables were adjusted for age, sex, season, diet assessment method version and total energy intake. The associations between GRS and BMI, FM and FFM were evaluated in strata of population-specific quintiles of macronutrients (E%]) or fiber (g/1,000 kcal). Interactions were assessed by including diet quintiles, GRS (treated as continuous variables), or the individual SNPs, and a multiplicative term of them to the analysis. Categorized dietary variables were used in order to handle skewness of the variables and to minimize the influence of extreme and possibly less reliably reported intakes. As dietary habits and diet reporting may differ and body fat composition differs between males and females, in addition to the main analyses of the whole cohort, we additionally report all GRS × diet and SNP × diet interaction analyses separately in males and females using gender-specific diet quintiles. Finally, in sensitivity analyses, we excluded 5,053 (18. 6 %) individuals identified as putative nonadequate reporters of energy intake (under and overreporters, hereafter called as misreporters). Such misreporters were identified by comparing total energy intake and expenditure, and this method is described in detail elsewhere (Mattisson et al. 2005). Power calculations were performed using Quanto (Quanto version 1. 2. 4: We estimated that with the sample size of this study and assuming an average minor allele frequency of 0. 32, we were able to detect an effect size of 0. 17 BMI units for each additional risk allele in GRS. Moreover, with an estimated effect size of 0. 028 for dietary variables and 0. 11 for GRS, we were able to detect a gene × diet interaction of at least 0. 022 on BMI with 80 % power at α level of 0. 05. A P value of <0. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim by discussing associations between dietary variables and genetic factors, particularly how SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) or GRS (genetic risk scores) relate to obesity and body composition in the context of dietary intake. It highlights the analysis of interactions between diet and genetic markers, which is a fundamental aspect of nutrigenomics, thus supporting the assertion that this field explores the interplay between diet and genes.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Smart contact lenses work just as well as regular glasses for all vision corrections. [SEP] Text: 이 외에도 6 m와 33 cm 거리에서 원, 근거리 사시각 측정, Pelli-Robson을 이용한 대비감도검사, 계단적검사법을 이용한 조절눈모음비 측정을 시행하였다. 결과 양안 스마트안경을 이용해 영상 시청 후 주관적인 설문 평가에서 눈피로가 증가하였다(p = 0. 001). [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by stating that after using smart glasses, there was an increase in subjective eye fatigue, which suggests that smart contact lenses do not perform as effectively as regular glasses in alleviating visual strain.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Every ancient civilization has left behind detailed written records. [SEP] Text: The residential analysis doesn’t reflect on shifts in demographics. Was there a significant shift in people from rural to urban settings? We investigated this question, and we did not see any change in people moving from rural to urban settings in every country between surveys. I can’t follow the finding on age. Please clarify. Did you limit the analysis to married women 15-19? Did you explore using sexually active 15-19 yrs olds? For the age analysis, the findings are for all women where possible. There is a separate analysis for unmarried sexually active women. The conclusion is a bit difficult to follow. It’s not just about – were there any significant gains in vulnerable populations. What we want to see is that programs focused on these groups and we saw them “catch up”. How did their gains compare with gains elsewhere? Perhaps you could start the conclusion with some general statements about which population groups saw the greatest increases in country (vulnerable or not) and then focus on the countries that show significant gains in reducing inequities. We do start the conclusions with some general statements. Since we cannot measure direct program effect in this paper, we added a point in the discussion where we mention this has a limitation. Overall, we found your feedback to be incredibly helpful. Thank you for taking the time to make comments. Specific questions are addressed below. While MCPR is a useful measure for this exercise, it does not provide the full picture of equity in FP. For example, unmet need for contraception may provide a better measure at how well programs are meeting demand. Likewise, MCPR does not capture client experience or the ability of the system to provide a preferred method. For purposes of this analysis, I agree MCPR works well, however, I suggest the authors acknowledge this limitation. We added additional information on this in the methods section where we discuss why we opted to use MCPR and then also added in the discussion section limitation of how our analysis in unable to provide an analysis on client experience or the ability of the system to provide a woman’s preferred method. The current version is a high quality academic paper. It would be helpful to include some recognition that inequities are a result of the system's inability to serve the needs of particular communities. These differences mark important differences in power structures and resource allocation. We added in a note on how resource allocation and tailored programming towards reducing inequities is likely what allowed countries to grow MCPR. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text is irrelevant to the claim as it discusses demographic shifts, program evaluation, and limitations of methodologies without addressing or mentioning ancient civilizations or their written records.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: The field of nutrigenomics explores the interaction between diet and genes. [SEP] Text: 05 was considered significant in the analyses between the SNPs or the GRS and the BMI and body composition variables as well as in the interaction analyses between the GRS and diet variables on BMI and associated traits. In contrast, the P values from association analyses of the individual SNPs with the dietary intakes were corrected for multiple testing adjusting for the number of the analyzed SNPs (n = 16), but not with the number of diet variables due to them being highly correlated. Similarly, we corrected the secondary interaction analyses between the individual SNPs and dietary intakes on BMI and body composition variables with the number of the analyzed SNPs (n = 16), but not with the number of diet variables nor with the number of BMI and related traits due to high correlation between the analyzed diet variables as well as between the BMI-related traits. A P value of ≤0. 003125 was considered significant in the analyses corrected for multiple testing. ResultsThe characteristics of the study participants are reported in Table 1. Of the 29,480 individuals, 40. 2 % were overweight, 14. 1 % were obese, and 4. 2 % had diabetes at the time of baseline examinations during 1991–1996. Table 1 Characteristics of the Malmö Diet and (MDCS) participantsFull size table Association of the obesity susceptibility SNPs with obesity-related traitsOf the tested 16 SNPs, 14 were directionally consistent with the results reported in the original GWAS concerning association with BMI, waist or hip circumference, and 11 SNPs reached statistical significance with at least one of these traits (Table 2). Variants in/near FTO and TMEM18 showed the largest effect sizes for all of the three continuous traits. Variants in/near FTO, MC4R, FAIM2, SEC16B and AIF1 associated with greater height and 11 SNPs associated with increased weight (Table 2). Table 2 Association of 16 BMI or obesity-associated variants with anthropometric measures in the Malmö Diet and Cancer StudyFull size table SNPs in the 2, SEC1618 and NPC1 loci associated with increased risk of both overweight and obesity (Table 3). SNPs in SH2B1, SFRS10 and KCTD15 associated with increased risk of overweight, but not with obesity, while the risk alleles in MC4R and NEGR1 associated with increased risk of obesity, but not with overweight (Table 3). [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim by discussing interactions between genetic variants (SNPs) and dietary variables in relation to BMI and associated traits. It emphasizes the analysis of associations between genetic information and diet, which is a core aspect of nutrigenomics.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Smart contact lenses work just as well as regular glasses for all vision corrections. [SEP] Text: 결론 조절미세파동검사의 고진동수 영역 증가, 조절력 감소, 눈피로에 대한 설문조사 등을 바탕으로 양안 스마트안경 사용이 눈피로 증가와 연관이 있음을 추정할 수 있다. 추후 스마트안경 사용으로 인한 눈피로의 감소 방법과 장기간 스마트안경 사용 시 일시적 근시화에 대한 안전성 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다. Keywords: Binocular function; Fatigue; Smart glasses The aim of this study was to investigate binocular visual function and ocular fatigue after the use of smart glasses. total of 17 healthy volunteers (age range 13-45 years) were examined for ocular fatigue before and after watching videos for 20 minutes with a binocular smart glasses device. Subjective ocular fatigue was evaluated using a (VRSQ). Objective fatigue was measured using the high-frequency component of accommodative microfluctuation. Accommodation amplitude was measured using the push-up method. Changes in the spherical equivalent were also measured using an autorefractometer. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by discussing issues related to smart glasses, specifically mentioning that their use is associated with increased ocular fatigue. It suggests further research is needed on the safety of prolonged use of smart glasses regarding temporary nearsightedness and methods to reduce ocular fatigue. This indicates potential shortcomings of smart glasses in providing equivalent vision correction as regular glasses.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Every ancient civilization has left behind detailed written records. [SEP] Text: Following the point above, in countries where the equity gaps has shrunk, it would be helpful to acknowledge that this is due to the program's ability to shift these power and resource imbalances. They have been able to reshape programs to reflect the values and p1. This one is easy to read. It would be more interesting to present the diff in diff analysis. All countries in the wealth graphic should have two bubbles. One bubble is for the earlier survey and the second bubble is for the later survey. We opted not to do a regression analysis (which would be a difference in difference analysis) and our reasoning added to the discussion section. We will add additional notes that will help with the interpretation. I appreciate the reference and cut off according to confidence interval, but is there a way to include them in the paper? The confidence intervals are included in the paper. For interpretability of the findings, we opted to keep them in tables and not directly in text. I don’t believe it is appropriate to compare the most vulnerable (poorest) with the most advantaged (wealthiest). I recommend focusing your analysis on comparing the most vulnerable to an index population (poorest with middle income), as you have done and drop the other analysis. This comparison is more appropriate in my view and could make the figures and analysis easier to communicate. This is true for education and age as well. We wanted to compare the most disadvantaged group to the least disadvantaged group because we wanted to assess if the most vulnerable (disadvantaged) were left behind while the most advantaged continued to progress. While we focus on these two groups in most of the analysis, we do calculate MCPR among all levels of the equity dimensions and those comparisons can be made by all readers by reviewing the tables. The residential analysis doesn’t reflect on shifts in demographics. Was there a significant shift in people from rural to urban settings? We investigated this question, and we did not see any change in people moving from rural to urban settings in every country between surveys. I can’t follow the finding on age. Please clarify. Did you limit the analysis to married women 15-19? Did you explore using sexually active 15-19 yrs olds? For the age analysis, the findings are for all women where possible. There is a separate analysis for unmarried sexually active women. The conclusion is a bit difficult to follow. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text is irrelevant to the claim as it discusses research methods, statistical comparisons, and demographic analyses without addressing the existence or details of written records from ancient civilizations.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: The field of nutrigenomics explores the interaction between diet and genes. [SEP] Text: Table 5 Association of genetic risk score (GRS) comprising of 13 obesity SNPs with anthropometric measures, body composition traits and obesity in the Malmö Diet and Cancer StudyFull size table Each additional risk allele of GRS associated with 5 % increased odds of being overweight and 8 % increased odds of being obese (Table 5). We observed an increase in odds ratios for obesity at baseline with the increasing GRS against the group with a GRS of ≤11 which included 21 % of the study participants and was used as a reference group. In total, 18 % of all individuals had a GRS of ≥16 and they had a 1. 38-fold higher risk of being overweight (95 % CI 1. 27–1. 49, P = 1. 6 × 10−14) and 1. 64-fold higher risk of being obese (95 % CI 1. 47–1. 84, P = 5. 1 × 10−18) compared with the reference group (Material, Fig. 3). Association of the obesity susceptibility SNPs and GRS with total energy intake and intake levels of macronutrients and fiberWhen the 16 SNPs were tested for association with dietary intakes, the obesity risk alleles of four of them associated nominally significantly with lower total energy intake (2, NEGR1 and NPC1) and one (AIF1) with higher energy intake. Only the association with FTO remained significant after correction for multiple comparisons (P = 0. 001). Four loci (2, NEGR1 and MAF) associated nominally significantly with intake levels of at least one of the macronutrients, but only the associations with NEGR1 locus remained significant after multiple comparisons. The obesity risk allele of the NEGR1 SNP associated significantly with lower fat intake (P = 3. 2 × 10−5) but with higher carbohydrate (P = 3. 3 × 10−5) and fiber intakes (P = 1. 1 × 10−4) (Material, Table S3). In sensitivity analyses after excluding misreporters, the association of the obesity risk allele of FTO rs9939609 with total energy intake became nonsignificant (P = 0. 083), but the associations between the obesity risk allele of NEGR1 rs2815752 with fat (P = 5. 5 × 10−5), carbohydrates (P = 1. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim by discussing the relationship between genetic risk scores (GRS) comprising obesity SNPs and various dietary intakes, specifically how certain genetic alleles correlate with macronutrient consumption. For example, it highlights that 'the obesity risk allele of the NEGR1 SNP associated significantly with lower fat intake' and variations in dietary habits based on genetic factors. This exploration directly aligns with the concept of nutrigenomics as it emphasizes the interaction between diet and genetic predispositions.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Smart contact lenses work just as well as regular glasses for all vision corrections. [SEP] Text: Strabismus angles were measured at distant (6 m) and near fixation (33 cm) in primary. Contrast sensitivity tests using the Pelli-Robson chart was performed. Accommodative convergence/accommodation (AC/A) ratio was measured by gradient methods. ocular fatigue, as indicated by the VRSQ scores, significantly increased after using the smart glasses (p = 0. 001). The high-frequency component of accommodative microfluctuation increased in both eyes (p < 0. 05). Accommodation amplitude was decreased, and temporary myopia was observed in both eyes (all p < 0. 05). However, there was no significant increase in general fatigue according to the VRSQ. Parameters including strabismus angle, AC/A ratio, and contrast sensitivity showed no significant differences before and after smart glasses usage (p > 0. 05). increased high-frequency component of accommodative microfluctuation, decreased accommodation amplitude, and elevated ocular fatigue scores measured by the VRSQ indicate a potential association between the use of smart glasses and ocular fatigue. Further investigations are warranted to explore methodologies for mitigating ocular fatigue and elucidating the potential risk of temporary myopic shifts arising from the utilization of smart glasses. Keywords: Binocular function; Fatigue; Smart glasses 서 론 스마트안경은 투시 기능과 컴퓨터를 탑재한 안경 형태의 프레임을 가진 착용컴퓨터기기(wearable computer device)를 일컫는다. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by highlighting issues associated with the use of smart glasses, such as increased ocular fatigue and temporary myopia. It mentions that parameters linked to measurements of vision, like strabismus angle, AC/A ratio, and contrast sensitivity, showed no significant differences before and after using smart glasses. This suggests that smart glasses may not provide the same vision correction effectiveness as regular glasses, thereby contradicting the claim.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Every ancient civilization has left behind detailed written records. [SEP] Text: It’s not just about – were there any significant gains in vulnerable populations. What we want to see is that programs focused on these groups and we saw them “catch up”. How did their gains compare with gains elsewhere? Perhaps you could start the conclusion with some general statements about which population groups saw the greatest increases in country (vulnerable or not) and then focus on the countries that show significant gains in reducing inequities. We do start the conclusions with some general statements. Since we cannot measure direct program effect in this paper, we added a point in the discussion where we mention this has a limitation. Competing Interests: No competing interests were disclosed. a concern on this 1. While the authors do cite relevant literature, I think reference to the Choi and Fabic 2. Regarding wealth categories, I was not clear on whether these quintiles were defined cross-country or within country. For example, if women were in the poorest households, were these the poorest within their own country or the poorest across all countries? I assume the latter but a slight clarification would make this more clear. 2. Figure 1 - Rather than have two colors differentiating older/later surveys could authors differentiate each country with color/symbol combinations? I think this would make interpretation easier and faster. 3. Figure 2- I applaud the authors creativity in finding a way to visualize quite a bit of information. On the whole I like the chart, but did find some sections where I could not find countries across time. For example Nepal/older in panel 3. older is the turquoise dot near Malawi, what is the purple dot? Would the addition of shapes help? Defer to the authors but think a critical review is necessary to make sure the changes in all countries can be easily located in each panel. 4. Very minor change - suggest rewording "Increases were significant in seven countries– Burundi, Ethiopia, and Uganda in rural settings" to "Increases in rural settings were significant in seven countries– Burundi, Ethiopia, and Uganda" 5. Is it possible to show change in education status, similar to what you did for wealth, to demonstrate both how mcp use has changed and how education status has changed? Fine if not, but it seems like it would compliment the wealth analysis. Is the work clearly and accurately presented and does it cite the current literature? the study design appropriate and is the work technically sound? [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text is irrelevant to the claim regarding ancient civilizations and their written records. It discusses vulnerabilities in populations and various survey results without addressing or mentioning any aspect related to ancient civilizations or their written documentation.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: The field of nutrigenomics explores the interaction between diet and genes. [SEP] Text: interaction values in parenthesis refer to sensitivity analyses after excluding misreportersFull size image In line with the BMI results, GRS associated with both FM and FFM in each diet quintile with P values varying between P = 0. 017 and P = 1. 7 × 10−10 (Material, Table S1a), and no significant interactions were observed between GRS and quintiles of dietary or total energy intakes on neither FM nor FFM. The results remained similar in sensitivity analyses. When repeating all analyses separately in both sexes, we did not observe any significant interactions between the diet variables and GRS on overweight or obesity. All the results were similar using gender-specific diet quintiles as well as after excluding misreporters except that nominally significant interactions were observed between GRS and protein intake on obesity and FM among women in sensitivity analyses after excluding misreporters (P interaction = 0. 039 and 0. 030, respectively) (Material, Tables S1b, S1c, S2b and S2c). Interaction between the obesity susceptibility SNPs and dietary intakes on obesity-related traitsOf the studied SNPs, 11 indicated nominally significant interactions with at least one of the dietary intakes on BMI, FM or FFM (Material, Table S4). However, after correction for multiple testing, only the interaction between the SNP rs4923461 in BDNF locus and protein intake on BMI remained significant (P interaction = 0. 001). Higher protein intake associated significantly with higher BMI in all BDNF genotype groups, but this association was significantly stronger among individuals with the obesity susceptibility allele A of BDNF rs4923461 (P = 1. 0 × 10−33 and 1. 1 × 10−60 among GA- and AA-genotype carriers, respectively) as compared to carriers of the GG-genotype (P = 2. 7 × 10−4) (Material, Fig. 5). In sensitivity analyses, after excluding misreporters, these associations remained similar (P = 1. 1 × 10−25 and 1. 3 × 10−43 for GA and AA-genotype carriers, respectively, as compared to P = 3. 9 × 10−4 for GG-genotype carriers). DiscussionIn our population-based cohort of 29,480 individuals, we replicated association between 13 of the 16 studied obesity susceptibility variants with BMI, overweight, obesity and body fat distribution. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim by discussing the interaction between genetic susceptibility (GRS) and dietary intake on obesity-related traits such as BMI, body fat mass (FM), and fat-free mass (FFM). It specifically mentions how certain SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) associated with obesity show interactions with dietary factors, highlighting the relationship between diet and genetic factors, which is the essence of nutrigenomics.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Smart contact lenses work just as well as regular glasses for all vision corrections. [SEP] Text: 하지만 스마트안경이 양안 시차에 의한 가상 정보를 눈 앞에 시현하는 방식으로 작동하여, 고정된 초점거리에서 현실의 물체 깊이와 상관없이 가상의 이미지가 증강되기 때문에 수렴-조절 불일치(vergence-accommodation-conflict)가 발생할 수 있다. 또한 스마트안경 착용시 근거리 작업으로 인해 발생하는 조절과 눈모음의 과도한 사용은 눈의 안정피로(asthenopia)에 영향을 미치며, 조절력 감소, 눈모음부족, 근거리 사위 등을 유발시킬 수 있다[7,8]. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by discussing how smart glasses operate with certain limitations, such as the potential for vergence-accommodation conflict and other negative effects on vision. It implies that smart glasses may not provide the same level of correction and comfort as traditional glasses.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Every ancient civilization has left behind detailed written records. [SEP] Text: sufficient details of methods and analysis provided to allow replication by others? applicable, is the statistical analysis and its interpretation appropriate? all the source data underlying the results available to ensure full reproducibility? the conclusions drawn adequately supported by the results? Yes 1. Choi Y, M: in Equality for the Goals: A of for Family Planning. Sci Pract. 2018; 6 (2): 390-401 Pub| competing interests were disclosed. Family planning, demography, survey analysis I confirm that I have read this submission and believe that I have an appropriate level of expertise to confirm that it is of an acceptable scientific standard, however I have significant reservations, as outlined above. replyRespond to this report Responses (0) keyboard_arrow_left Back to all reports 0 Views copyright © 2022 Malarcher S. This is an open access peer review report distributed under the terms of the Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 08 Feb 2022 | for Version 2 Shawn Malarcher, Agency for 0 Views copyright © 2022 Malarcher S. This is an open access peer review report distributed under the terms of the Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. format_quote Cite this report speaker_notes Responses(0) Approved info_outline Alongside their report, reviewers assign a status to the 2020. The selective citing of policies related to increases in MCP among certain groups (e. g. , Malawi’s focus on youth) distracts from the overall finding/message (that FP2020 commitments, as they were applied within countries, did not seem to exacerbate inequalities writ large). These policies are also cited inconsistently – e. g. , credited for MCP gains among Malawi youth but no such policy is cited for the substantial gains among Malawi’s uneducated women – and thus come across as selective. I generally found the graphics challenging to read and interpret, with the key messages not clearly represented visually. Perhaps fewer and simpler graphics could better convey the main findings. I’d like more discussion about implications of the findings that some advantaged groups have experienced MCP stagnation or declines. Does this imply an inequitable focus on these groups, suggesting further declines among these groups under the FP2020 “equity” approach? [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text does not address the claim regarding ancient civilizations and their written records. Instead, it discusses the process of peer review, family planning, and various statistical analyses without any mention of ancient civilizations or records, making it irrelevant to the claim.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: The field of nutrigenomics explores the interaction between diet and genes. [SEP] Text: The SNPs at AIF1, PTER and MAF loci were not included in the GRS as they were not replicated in our study and have not been replicated in other studies either (den Hoed et al. 2012; Sandholt et al. 2011). When information of the 13 replicated SNPs was combined to GRS, each additional BMI-increasing allele associated with an average increase of 347 g of body weight. High GRS was found to associate with higher fiber intake but with lower total energy intake, but the dietary macronutrient, fiber or total energy intakes modified the association between GRS and BMI, FM or FFM, i. e. , the associated obesogenic effects per allele of GRS did not significantly differ between the different diet intake groups. Analyses of individual SNPs revealed several nominally significant associations with dietary intakes and interactions with dietary intakes on BMI and associated traits of which association between the NEGR1 locus and intake levels of fat, carbohydrates and fiber and interaction between the BDNF locus and protein intake levels remained significant after correction for multiple testing. Genetic factors play an important role in obesity and its comorbidities. It is, however, not genes but environmental factors, i. e. , increased energy intake and reduced energy expenditure that are considered primarily responsible for the worldwide rapid increase in obesity rate during the last decades (Hill et al. 2003; Slyper 2004). Consequently, better understanding of genetic and environmental determinants of body weight regulation and interactions between them can aid in determining the role of dietary habits in the prevalence and pathogenesis of obesity and be invaluable in facilitating identification of new tools to fight against the obesity epidemic. It is evident that the studied BMI- and obesity-associated variants only explain a small proportion of heritability of obesity and population variance in BMI. Ignorance of complex pathways together with the scarcity of information on the role of rare variants and copy number variants may cover part of the unexplained heritability. Another potential source is gene–environment interactions. We hypothesized that the relative content of dietary fats, carbohydrates, protein or fiber could influence the genetic risk of being obese. However, our results suggest that the genetic associations between GRS and BMI and associated traits were not significantly modified by dietary macronutrient contents. A couple of studies have earlier reported interaction between an obesity and physical activity and/or television watching in relation to BMI. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim by discussing how genetic factors, particularly Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs), interact with dietary components to influence obesity and body weight regulation. It mentions associations between specific gene loci and dietary intakes (i.e., NEGR1 locus and intake levels of fat, carbohydrates, and fiber) and suggests that understanding these genetic and dietary interactions is crucial for studying obesity. This aligns with the core principle of nutrigenomics, which focuses on the interaction between diet and genes.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Smart contact lenses work just as well as regular glasses for all vision corrections. [SEP] Text: 또한 시청자에게 3차원의 넓은 시야를 현장감 있게 제공하는 스마트안경은 사용자에게 오심, 어지러움, 눈피로 등의 부작용을 유발할 수 있다[8,9]. 현재까지 가상현실(virtual reality, VR) 기기를 사용하고 발생하는 눈의 피로나[10] 단안을 이용한 스마트안경을 착용한 후의 사위 변화에[11] 대한 국내 연구가 있었으나 양안을 이용한 스마트안경이 양안시나 눈피에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구는 거의 이루어 지고 있지 않다. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by discussing the potential side effects of smart glasses and noting that there has been limited research on the impact of such devices on vision, particularly in terms of binocular vision or eye strain. This suggests that smart contact lenses may not be equally effective for all vision corrections compared to regular glasses.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Every ancient civilization has left behind detailed written records. [SEP] Text: Unlikely, but this could still have implications about how the FP2030 defines equity moving forward. After reinforcing their message that in its aim of reaching 120 million additional users FP2020 does not seem to have widened the use gap between advantaged and disadvantaged women, I’d encourage the authors to give a bit more consideration to their findings on MCP declines among several more advantaged groups and the implications this might have for FP2030. Is the work clearly and accurately presented and does it cite the current literature? the study design appropriate and is the work technically sound? sufficient details of methods and analysis provided to allow replication by others? applicable, is the statistical analysis and its interpretation appropriate? all the source data underlying the results available to ensure full reproducibility? the conclusions drawn adequately supported by the results? competing interests were disclosed. Fertility, family planning, demography I confirm that I have read this submission and believe that I have an appropriate level of expertise to confirm that it is of an acceptable scientific standard, however I have significant reservations, as outlined above. replyRespond to this report Responses (1) 28 Jan 2022 Shiza Shiza, FP2020, Washington, 20006, USA Overall, we found your feedback to be incredibly helpful. Thank you for taking the time to make comments. Specific questions are addressed below. I suggest the authors focus the scope of this analysis and interpretation more specifically on the contraceptive use (or demand satisfied – see point #3) outcomes they can directly measure with DHS and MICS data used here. Though the authors say “we examine FP2020 country data and policies for signs of inequity” the data and methods in this paper do not allow it to comment directly on the focus of programs or policies. Such an analysis would require more comprehensive (not just selective) data on programmatic and policy decisions, with adequate lag time for analysis. We agree we would need additional data to discuss how program and policies impacted MCPR gains. Hence why it is not a focus of this paper and we removed any 2019. Is there a reason for using the Bangladesh 2014 DHS and not the 2017-18 survey? Unless there is a compelling reason related to the data, using the 2017-18 survey instead will provide a longer time lapse to better measure cumulative influence of FP2020. We only included surveys that were released by June 2019 and the Bangladesh 2017-18 had not been released by June 2019. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text is irrelevant to the claim about ancient civilizations and their written records. It discusses feedback on a report related to family planning and disparity in contraceptive use without addressing any historical aspects or the existence of written records from ancient civilizations.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: The field of nutrigenomics explores the interaction between diet and genes. [SEP] Text: In these studies, GRS was composed of 12 and 32 BMI-associated SNPs, respectively (Li et al. 2010; Qi et al. 2012b). However, our study is the first to investigate the interaction between an obesity GRS and dietary intakes. Majority of earlier studies have either been analyzing individual SNPs and their association with lifestyle factors, including diet intake levels or dietary patterns, or analyzed whether lifestyle factors mediate part of the association between the genetic risk variants and obesity (Holzapfel et al. 2010). We found nominal associations between total energy intake and five of the analyzed SNPs, but only the association with lower total energy intake and the obesity risk allele of FTO remained significant after correcting for multiple tests. However, in sensitivity analyses after excluding misreporters, the association of FTO with total energy intake became nonsignificant. In line with our findings, another study that investigated 12 obesity susceptibility SNPs among 1,700 European female participants did not find any significant associations between any of the studied SNPs and total energy intake (Bauer et al. 2009). We observed nominal associations between six of the obesity susceptibility SNPs and dietary intake levels of macronutrients, fiber or total energy intakes, and after correcting for multiple tests, the NEGR1 locus remained significantly associated with lower fat, but with higher carbohydrate-and fiber intake levels. Similar to our results, Bauer et al. (2009) reported significant association of the NEGR1 rs2568958 (proxy for rs2815752; r 2 = 1) with lower fat intake. Further, Lee et al. (2012) recently reported evidence for NEGR1 being involved in body weight control and food intake in mice, which is in line with our results (Lee et al. 2012). We did not find any significant interactions between GRS and total energy intake or macronutrient intakes on BMI or any of the associated traits, but we observed lower total energy intake and higher intake levels of protein and fiber among the individuals with higher GRS. As these associations could be secondary to the associations between GRS and BMI, or consequences of underreporting, we performed sensitivity analyses by excluding misreporters of energy as well as by additional adjustments for BMI and physical activity, but the associations of lower total energy intake and higher fiber intake with higher GRS remained significant in all these analyses. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim by discussing the interaction between genetic risk scores (GRS) associated with obesity and dietary intakes. It mentions that this study is the first to investigate the relationship between an obesity GRS and dietary intakes, highlighting the importance of exploring how diet interacts with genetic factors in relation to obesity and other traits. The analysis of associations between SNPs and dietary intake further supports the exploration of these interactions.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Smart contact lenses work just as well as regular glasses for all vision corrections. [SEP] Text: 대비감도검사는 대비의 감소를 이용한 Pelli-Robson () 시표를 사용하였으며, 결과 수치를 log 값으로 사용하였다. Pelli-Robson chart의 연령대별 정상 범위는 Mäntyjärvi and Laitinen [12]의 연구를 참고하였다. Push-up method를 사용한 주관적 조절력평가는 대상자의 굴절이상을 교정하고 한 눈을 가린 후 Force rule (Good-)을 이용하였다. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text is irrelevant to the claim as it discusses the Pelli-Robson contrast sensitivity test and evaluation methods for refractive errors, without mentioning smart contact lenses or regular glasses.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Every ancient civilization has left behind detailed written records. [SEP] Text: The selective citing of policies related to increases in MCP among certain groups (e. g. , Malawi’s focus on youth) distracts from the overall finding/message (that FP2020 commitments, as they were applied within countries, did not seem to exacerbate inequalities writ large). These policies are also cited inconsistently – e. g. , credited for MCP gains among Malawi youth but no such policy is cited for the substantial gains among Malawi’s uneducated women – and thus come across as selective. On the first point, the overall focus of the paper is to assess if FP2020’s 120 million goal exacerbated inequities in countries. The focus of the paper is not on the country commitments themselves. We use the Malawi example to show that countries focused on implementing policies that supported reducing inequities. On the second point, we cited that Malawi prioritized youth access to family planning in their Strategy 2015-2020. The same policy also highlights the importance of education and prioritizing educational attainment among adolescent girls – we just did not cite this directly in the paper. I generally found the graphics challenging to read and interpret, with the key messages not clearly represented visually. Perhaps fewer and simpler graphics could better convey the main findings. We have added interpretation to the wealth and education graphics. I’d like more discussion about implications of the findings that some advantaged groups have experienced MCP stagnation or declines. Does this imply an inequitable focus on these groups, suggesting further declines among these groups under the FP2020 “equity” approach? Unlikely, but this could still have implications about how the FP2030 defines equity moving forward. After reinforcing their message that in its aim of reaching 120 million additional users FP2020 does not seem to have widened the use gap between advantaged and disadvantaged women, I’d encourage the authors to give a bit more consideration to their findings on MCP declines among several more advantaged groups and the implications this might have for FP2030. The changes in modern contraceptive use among the most advantage groups (e. g. most education, richest, oldest, urban) were not significant. We have added this note into the discussion. View more View less No competing interests were disclosed. reply a concern keyboard_arrow_left Back to all reports 0 Views copyright © 2021 Malarcher S. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text is irrelevant to the claim as it discusses modern policies regarding family planning and the implications of program goals, without any mention of ancient civilizations or their written records. Therefore, it does not provide any support or contradiction to the claim.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: The field of nutrigenomics explores the interaction between diet and genes. [SEP] Text: As the GRS, and risk alleles of four of the SNPs indicated association with lower total energy intake, it is possible that some of the obesity susceptibility variants could be involved in regulation of basal metabolic rate but more studies are needed to challenge this question. The question whether the association between higher GRS and higher fiber intake reflects involvement of fiber intake in appetite or weight regulation or the fact that overweight and obese individuals may eat differently remains unanswered in our study. However, additional adjustment with fiber intake did not influence the interaction between GRS and fats, carbohydrates or protein intakes on BMI, body composition or obesity. The only significant interactions we detected were between GRS and protein intake on obesity and FM among women after excluding potential misreporters of energy intake. These interactions remained significant even after additionally adjusting for fiber intake and it would be interesting to see whether this finding would be replicated in other studies. Although we did not observe any significant interactions between GRS and dietary intakes on BMI or associated phenotypes, we observed a significant interaction between the BDNF locus and protein intake on BMI, the risk allele carriers having a stronger association between higher protein intake and higher BMI. We cannot exclude the possibility that some interactions may have left undetected due to insufficient power of our study to detect weaker interactions. Further, we need to emphasize that all the detected associations and the observed interaction between the BDNF locus and protein intake on BMI need to be confirmed in other studies to exclude by chance findings. Earlier studies have demonstrated that BDNF is involved in regulation of food intake, obesity and energy homeostasis (Rosas-Vargas et al. 2011). A recent study found that the association between BDNF rs6265 variant and obesity-related traits was modified by polyunsaturated fatty acid intakes among men in the Rican population, which provides some further support for a role for BDNF in energy balance regulation and obesity (Ma et al. 2012). In addition to the interaction with BDNF, we observed several nominal interactions with some of the other susceptibility SNPs and diet, and we have earlier in MDCS reported interaction between dietary fat- and carbohydrate levels and the FTO genotype on FM (Sonestedt et al. 2011). Recently, a high-protein diet was found to be beneficial for weight loss and improvement of body composition and fat distribution among risk allele carriers of FTO variant rs1558902 evaluated in a 2-year diet intervention trial (Zhang et al. 2012). [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim by discussing multiple interactions between genetic factors (such as the GRS and BDNF locus) and dietary components (like protein intake, fats, and carbohydrates) in relation to obesity and energy regulation. It emphasizes how variations in genes can influence the dietary impacts on body metrics, aligning well with the concept of nutrigenomics, which studies the interplay between diet and genetics.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Smart contact lenses work just as well as regular glasses for all vision corrections. [SEP] Text: 고 찰 본 연구 결과 양안 스마트안경으로 영상 시청 후 설문조사 결과 눈피로가 증가되었고, 우세안과 비우세안 모두에서 Push-up method를 이용한 주관적 조절력검사에서 조절력 감소가 나타났다. 객관적인 평가에서 우세안과 비우세안 모두에서 조절미세파동검사의 고진동수 영역 검사에서 눈피로가 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 또한, 구면렌즈대응치 값이 근시로 진행하는 소견을 보였다. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by reporting that after using smart glasses, survey results indicated an increase in eye fatigue and a decrease in adjustment ability in subjective tests. Additionally, objective evaluations showed trends of increased eye fatigue in both dominant and non-dominant eyes, which suggests that smart lenses do not perform as well as regular glasses for vision corrections.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Every ancient civilization has left behind detailed written records. [SEP] Text: This is an open access peer review report distributed under the terms of the Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 12 Aug 2021 | for Version 1 Shawn Malarcher, Agency for 0 Views copyright © 2021 Malarcher S. This is an open access peer review report distributed under the terms of the Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. format_quote Cite this report speaker_notes Responses(1) Reservations info_outline Alongside their report, reviewers assign a status to the 1. This one is easy to read. It would be more interesting to present the diff in diff analysis. I appreciate the reference and cut off according to confidence interval, but is there a way to include them in the paper? I don’t believe it is appropriate to compare the most vulnerable (poorest) with the most advantaged (wealthiest). I recommend focusing your analysis on comparing the most vulnerable to an index population (poorest with middle income), as you have done and drop the other analysis. This comparison is more appropriate in my view and could make the figures and analysis easier to communicate. This is true for education and age as well. The residential analysis doesn’t reflect on shifts in demographics. Was there a significant shift in people from rural to urban settings? I can’t follow the finding on age. Please clarify. Did you limit the analysis to married women 15-19? Did you explore using sexually active 15-19 yrs olds? The conclusion is a bit difficult to follow. It’s not just about – were there any significant gains in vulnerable populations. What we want to see is that programs focused on these groups and we saw them “catch up”. How did their gains compare with gains elsewhere? Perhaps you could start the conclusion with some general statements about which population groups saw the greatest increases in country (vulnerable or not) and then focus on the countries that show significant gains in reducing inequities. Is the work clearly and accurately presented and does it cite the current literature? the study design appropriate and is the work technically sound? sufficient details of methods and analysis provided to allow replication by others? applicable, is the statistical analysis and its interpretation appropriate? all the source data underlying the results available to ensure full reproducibility? [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text does not address the claim regarding ancient civilizations and their written records. Instead, it focuses on a peer review report and various recommendations related to analysis and methodologies without any reference to historical documentation or civilizations.