Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: Vertical forests contribute to carbon sequestration within city landscapes. [SEP] Text: Reporting requirements have identified that forests have a role to play in both emitting and storing carbon. Since lands and associated practices can both store and emit C, measurements are best captured as C flux. flux is the net of emissions and sequestration of GHG expressed in Tg CO2 (teragram) equivalent (1Tg = 1MMT, which is commonly used in the US literature). A negative flux reflects sequestration of CO2 equivalent in and by the forest ecosystem. Examples resulting in emissions of either form of C, or other GHG described as C equivalents, include when forested lands burn, when forest lands are converted to non-forest land, or when wood products are harvested. Examples that result in C storage include non-forest land converted to forest, harvested wood products, and forest land that remains forest land. Of note, while harvested wood products remove C from forest lands, a portion of that C is captured in long-term product and contributes to the C flux as sequestration[17]. In 2019 estimates of emissions and removals of C equivalent reflected 775. 7 Tg captured by the US forest lands, including urban trees[15] [Table 1]. This is slightly lower than 2018 estimates, but somewhat higher than 2012 estimates. In general, the net flux from land use and land change has decreased since 1990. In addition to the movement of C in and out of the forest, there is also accounting for how much C the forest system stores, referred to as C stock. In the forest ecosystem, C can accumulate in five storage pools[12]: aboveground biomass, belowground biomass, deadwood, litter, and soil C. The FAO generally apportions C stock as 44% in living biomass, 4% and 6% in dead wood and litter, respectively, and 45% in soil organic matter (SOM)[11]. Totaled annually, these storage pools highlight an accumulation and increase in C stock associated with forests. In 1990 total forest C stock on forest land remaining forest land in the US was estimated as 50,913 Tg[15]. If harvested wood and discarded wood product are added to this, then the total C stock would be 52,808 [Table 1]. From 1990 to 2019, total C stock increased, though the rate of increase seems to have slowed between 2017 to 2019 [Table 1]. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim by discussing how forests play a significant role in carbon sequestration. It explains that forest ecosystems can store carbon (C) and presents data on carbon flux, which indicates net sequestration versus emissions. Specifically, it mentions examples of how forests can sequester carbon, such as through non-forest land being converted to forest, and also states the importance of urban trees in these estimates. The accumulation and increase of C stock in forests, alongside carbon capture within urban tree systems, strongly supports the notion that vertical forests positively contribute to carbon sequestration.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Studies show that telehealth can improve access to healthcare for rural populations. [SEP] Text: More than a third of providers also indicated that their patients lacked access to reliable internet, which was a barrier to using telehealth, particularly the video component. Some health systems have begun to incorporate language interpreters into their video platforms and provide low-cost internet access to their patients. However, independent primary care practices often lack the capacity to garner such resources and will need policy-level support to address these barriers. Financial incentives and national payment policies can support the needed advancement in digital health applications and revamp its clinical value and quality for providers and patients. Financial incentives for telehealth vendors are needed to accelerate the building of improved telehealth platforms to address these flaws. National payment policies for telehealth use can also help increase demand on the provider and patient side, which can stimulate telehealth vendors to respond. providers raised concerns about malpractice claims related to telehealth. Despite growing advocacy for telehealth, related malpractice policies are largely undeveloped. A multitude of factors explain why several carriers of liability insurance coverage have not embraced telehealth. For example, providers licensed to practice in one state could be subjected to liability laws from another state if they deliver telehealth services to patients across state borders. There is also limited information about the standards of care or damage caps, and patients might be more likely to sue providers they have not met in person. The consequence is often an exclusion of telehealth services from the malpractice insurance policies, creating concerns among providers about telehealth use. Regional health departments should give providers more guidance on legal liabilities related to telehealth. This is particularly true for independent practices that do not work within larger systems, and thus lack the capacity to address the complexities of malpractice policies. is an urgent need for strategies to support the integration of telehealth into primary care. The recent executive order and CMS policy extension indicate that telehealth is no longer a short-term fix but is fast becoming a core and enduring function in primary care delivery. The extension of the telehealth policies holds promise in expanding access to high-quality care. However, access is classically defined as having five domains: affordability, availability, accommodation, accessibility, and acceptability. The present telehealth policies address only the first two domains, which is not enough to fully integrate telehealth into routine care delivery. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by highlighting barriers to telehealth access, particularly in rural areas. While it mentions that telehealth has potential, it emphasizes issues such as the lack of reliable internet access and the need for policy support to address these barriers. It also discusses the limited telehealth policies that currently only address affordability and availability, which suggests that access improvement through telehealth is not fully realized yet.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Cryptids can be found in every region of the world. [SEP] Text: The researchers used data from the Dutch health care system to determine the cost of the various approaches and then calculated “quality-adjusted life years,” a measure used by researchers to consider if the cost versus benefits of a screening tool or treatment falls within an acceptable range for a given country. Those screenings that ruled out an aneurysm were considered to boost quality of life, while screenings that found small untreatable aneurysms were considered to have a negative psychological impact for a short time. “We found screening for intracranial aneurysms in individuals with two or more first-degree relatives with SAH to be cost-effective, irrespective of the interval of screening,” they concluded, though doing an MRA every seven years between ages 20 to 80 was best. “Although we found that the cost-effectiveness of screening every two years may still be acceptable, screening this often may put a significant burden on the patient and may therefore lead to early abandonment of this screening strategy by patient and doctor,” they wrote. Dr. Bor said his team also calculated cost-benefits using US data and found that screening in seven-year intervals “would yield one additional quality-adjusted life-year at an additional cost of $10,729, compared with a no-screening strategy. ”The researchers could not say whether the same screening approach would be warranted for patients who have only one relative with a history of SAH. -BASED? Dr. Caplan said that while he respected the body of aneurysm research done by the Dutch group, he thought this particular cost-effectiveness study was of limited value to US physicians because the health care system here is structured differently than that in the Netherlands. He said the statistical model also could not account for all of the many variables that exist with patients — for instance, it didn't consider added risk factors for aneurysm development and rupture, such as smoking, hypertension and excessive alcohol use. Dr. Caplan noted that it was impossible to measure the very real anxiety patients often feel when they know they have a small aneurysm that needs to be watched. “There are a lot of variables that go into deciding how often to screen,” he said, and advances in screening methods have made it far less risky to keep an eye on patients. But S. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text is irrelevant to the claim about cryptids, as it discusses a study on screening for intracranial aneurysms and cost-effectiveness in health care. There is no mention of cryptids or any relation to their existence across the globe.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: Vertical forests contribute to carbon sequestration within city landscapes. [SEP] Text: If a carbon emitter is legally required to reduce emissions, one way to do that is to purchase carbon credits to offset their emissions levels. Similarly, if an emitter wishes to increase emissions above a legally established baseline, then they can subsidize equivalent emission reductions by purchasing stored C and thus offset their emissions. The idea of forest carbon offsets was first proposed at COP13 in Bali through from Deforestation and (REDD+, with a plus added to represent afforestation efforts)[75]. Offsets reflect the difference between C storage and actual emissions. The offset, or measurable reduction in GHG, has monetary value and may be tradeable in carbon markets[76]. However, for forest landowners to enroll in carbon markets, it must be shown that projects (activities or management) on their lands will increase net GHG (carbon) removals above levels that would have otherwise occurred[74]. This concept is defined by the as additionality. When the baseline is coupled with concepts and application of offset and additionality, much debate ensues related to the actual impact that marketing of carbon offsets has on mitigating climate change. While certain states within the US have compliance with carbon markets (e. g. , California), most of the US forests make carbon offsets available through voluntary carbon markets[76]. Do these carbon markets result in additional emissions reductions? That question depends on how forest carbon is measured and accounted for. Baseline and additionality both create the opportunity for differences of opinion related to the impact on atmospheric C. For instance, Cames et al. [77] identified that 85% of the EU projects under the UN’s CDM failed to reduce emissions. As Gifford[75] points out, there is power and authority in how C is defined and managed. forests and agroforests of the US, indeed worldwide, are highly appreciated for their role in the reduction of atmospheric CO2. For example, over the past few decades, the world’s forests have absorbed almost the same amount of CO2 emissions as the ocean. IPCC has recognized agroforestry as having the highest C sequestration potential of any land management system. In general, the process of afforestation will increase the land area sequestering C to durable C sinks. However, there are also challenges to afforestation if land area is taken away from food production. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim by discussing the significant role of forests in carbon sequestration. It states that 'forests and agroforests of the US, indeed worldwide, are highly appreciated for their role in the reduction of atmospheric CO2.' Additionally, the passage mentions that 'IPCC has recognized agroforestry as having the highest C sequestration potential of any land management system,' supporting the idea that forested areas contribute to carbon sequestration.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Studies show that telehealth can improve access to healthcare for rural populations. [SEP] Text: January 23. Sponsors & is information in this trial unavailable to the public. Use the button below to request access. (s) Telehealth connects patients to qualified health care professionals via phone. Although its popularity dramatically increased since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, there is limited rigorous evidence of its impact. In particular, the impact of telehealth on health access and healthcare inequality in low-income countries is ex-ante ambiguous. On the one hand, telehealth could allow individuals currently out of reach of the official health system -- e. g. , because of their remote location or because of prevailing norms -- to access quality healthcare providers, thus improving the quality of care and equalizing access. On the other hand, telehealth might crowd out in-person care, with potential negative consequences on health outcomes for those individuals who do not engage with technology, who are not e-literate, and who have little trust in modern medicine to start with (e. g. , women, the elderly, the poor). This may result in telehealth excluding individuals who might need care most, exacerbating inequality in healthcare. Given the potential barriers to the utilization of telehealth in low-income settings, the presence of local “facilitators” may be crucial to its success. First, local facilitators may attenuate the digital divide by allowing marginalized individuals, including women with low power in the household, to contact the doctor and nurse through a smartphone that has access to the internet. Second, local facilitators may allow for more “continuity of care”, an aspect which is often lacking in telehealth programs that prioritize the “speed of care” (i. e. , patients meeting with the first available provider even if that provider is unknown to them) and which might matter especially in contexts with low trust in modern medicine. Finally, local facilitators may complement telehealth services by monitoring the evolution of health conditions of patients that require frequent follow-ups (e. g. , noncommunicable diseases). India provides an ideal study setting, both because of the vast potential user base in need of telehealth services and because recent years have seen a rapid diffusion of telehealth providers. government has pioneered this technological revolution, by launching and promoting its platform, called eSanjeevani, and has been rapidly followed by other telehealth providers, in an attempt to reach even the most remote areas of the country. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by presenting a nuanced view of telehealth's impact on healthcare access. It acknowledges that telehealth could improve access for individuals in remote areas but also highlights significant concerns about its potential to exacerbate healthcare inequality. The text states that while telehealth may reach those previously out of touch with healthcare systems, it might simultaneously exclude individuals who are not digitally literate or have mistrust in modern medicine. This dual perspective on telehealth suggests that its effectiveness in improving access is ambiguous rather than definitively supportive of the claim.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Cryptozoologists can use technology to capture evidence of unknown species. [SEP] Text: Policy: ASTM International prohibits the entry of ASTM standards and related ASTM intellectual property (“”) into any form of (AI) tools, such as ChatGPT. Additionally, creating ----derivatives of using AI is also prohibited without express written permission from ASTM’s President. In the case of such use, ASTM will suspend a licensee’s access to and further legal action will be considered. Meetings & | Meetings & & & Standards and Papers & STPs Manuals, Monographs, & of ® (SOP) (TMA) and & & & & and ASTM What is and to to News and & -14. 02 Committee E30 $ 0. 00 Out of stock Significance and UseThe procedures outlined here are grounded in the generally accepted body of knowledge and experience in the field of forensic document examination, forensic photography, and forensic digital imaging. By following these procedures a forensic document examiner can use image capture technology reliably in support of examinations. This support can include: Documentation of the item(s) submitted for examination, its condition upon receipt, and its condition at various points during the examination process; Demonstration of findings and the bases for determinations; Visualization of features and characteristics not readily perceptible to the human eye. The effects of prior storage, handling, testing, or chemical processing (for example, for latent prints) can interfere with certain characteristics to an extent that can limit (or even preclude) subsequent imaging. Whenever possible, capture images of the item to be examined prior to any chemical processing. Handle items appropriately to avoid compromising subsequent examinations of any kind. The technological evolution of hardware, or software, or both can impact subsequent ability to access archived images. Note 1—For further discussion see 1. Scope1. 1 This practice provides procedures to be used by forensic document examiners (Guide E444) using image capture and storage technology. 1. 2 These procedures are applicable whether the use of the image capture technology involves an item(s) associated with a matter under investigation (questioned or known items), or is for reference. 1. 3 These procedures include evaluation of the sufficiency of the available imaging capture and storage technologies. 1. 4 Procedures are also outlined for image archiving. 1. 5 The particular methods employed in a given case depend upon the nature of the item, or the question at hand, or both. 1. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text is irrelevant to the claim, as it discusses ASTM policies on the use of AI tools and procedures in forensic document examination without any mention of cryptozoology or capturing evidence of unknown species. The content is focused on forensic procedures and does not provide any support or contradiction regarding the claim about cryptozoologists.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: Vertical forests contribute to carbon sequestration within city landscapes. [SEP] Text: Therefore, new approaches to increasing the land area in trees should explore opportunities that merge with other societal needs such as food production and environmental conservation, for which agroforestry is a solution. Whether in net atmospheric flux, or longer-term C stock, trees help increase C density. Based on our analysis of the existing data, the annual C sequestration by forests and agroforests is 776 Tg yr-1 and 219 Tg yr-1, respectively. The total C sequestration (995 Tg yr-1) by these two land use systems represents approximately 15% of the US GHG emissions. Therefore, the greater the land area that is occupied by trees, the greater the impact on atmospheric C. sequestration data by various agroforestry practices and the land areas occupied by these practices are not readily available, along with forests, agroforests, and special agroforestry applications help mitigate climate challenges while also meeting society’s need for food and a healthy environment. 2022. 1. Carbon sequestration in agricultural lands of the United States. Journal of Soil and 2010;65:6A-13A. DOI 2. Hoover, K. , & Riddle, A. A. (2020). Forest carbon primer. Service:. Available from: [Last accessed on 16 Mar 2022]. 3. (1999) The potential of US crop land to sequester carbon and mitigate the greenhouse effect. Lewis Publishers. ,. D. C. Available from: [Last accessed on 16 Mar 2022]. 4. (2000) IPCC special report on land use, land use change, and forestry. Available from: [Last accessed on 16 Mar 2022]. 5. önvoigt AM. Soil carbon and nitrogen dynamics using stable isotopes in 19- and 10-year-old tropical agroforestry systems. Geoderma 2006;130:356-67. DOI 6. (2009) Agroforestry for ecosystem services and environmental benefits: an overview. 76:1-10. Available from: [Last accessed on 16 Mar 2022]. 7. Lee KH, (2003) Soil respiration and microbial biomass in a pecan-cotton alley cropping system in southern USA. 58:45-54. Available from: [Last accessed on 16 Mar 2022]. 8. . The potential of U. S. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim by discussing how trees contribute significantly to carbon sequestration, citing that trees and agroforests collectively sequester approximately 995 Tg of carbon per year, which indicates that increasing tree coverage could enhance atmospheric carbon sequestration. The mention of integrating trees with other societal needs supports the idea that incorporating vertical forests in urban settings can help achieve these carbon sequestration results.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Studies show that telehealth can improve access to healthcare for rural populations. [SEP] Text: However, while millions of people have already used these services, their reach seems so far to be below expectations. The project will develop in two phases. In the first phase, we will study the current diffusion of telehealth services in rural Bihar, with a particular focus on the government program eSanjeevani. Through a rich data collection that will span 400 villages, our objectives are to study: • How popular are telehealth services in rural Bihar? In particular, how familiar are people with the government eSanjeevani program? What are the main challenges to telehealth diffusion? • Which types of patients are more likely to use telehealth? In particular, does telehealth reduce gender inequality in access to healthcare? In the second phase, we will then study the impact of the arrival of a new telehealth provider in the study location. The new health provider () will introduce two alternative versions of telehealth: with and without a facilitator, i. e. a community health worker that will help community members connect through telehealth. In this second phase we will aim to study: • What is the causal impact of telehealth on access to health services and health outcomes among people in rural areas? • Does the presence of a facilitator increase the spreading and utilization of telehealth? • Does telehealth reduce gender inequality in access to healthcare typically observed in many low-income countries? • Which types of patients are more likely to use telehealth with vs. without the facilitator? Does the impact differ across gender, income, and age groups? Date 2023-12-15 Date 2024-12-15 (end points) Health service utilization, measured through a household survey and administrative data. This will encompass both telehealth utilization and in-person healthcare utilization. We will look at overall health service utilization as well as gaps in utilization by wealth, gender, and age. We will also study whether telehealth crowds in or out in-person health services, and other telehealth programs (e. g. eSanjeevani), by looking at households’ interactions with each one of these service providers, as recorded in the household survey. (explanation) (end points) Health outcomes (household survey). Trust and satisfaction with the official health system (household survey). Changes in effort, motivation, earnings and activities of the health workers (health providers survey). [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by indicating that the reach of telehealth services in rural areas, specifically in Bihar, has not met expectations. Although it discusses various studies and objectives surrounding telehealth services, it implies challenges to the diffusion of these services and questions their effectiveness in improving accessibility, particularly with references to ‘main challenges to telehealth diffusion’ and the focus on patient demographics rather than confirming improvements in access.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Cryptozoologists can use technology to capture evidence of unknown species. [SEP] Text: 6 This practice might not cover all aspects of the use of image capture and storage technology involving unusual or uncommon items. 1. 7 This practice cannot replace the requisite knowledge, skills, or abilities acquired through appropriate education, training (Guide E2388), and experience and should be used in conjunction with sound professional judgment. 1. 8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. unavailable unavailable What is a Redline? Why Redline? × A PDF redline is a quick and easy way to compare all of the changes between the current, active standard and the previous version. With a redline you'll immediately see: additions deletions and other changes between the two standards. and Trouble! With a Redline you no longer have to spend time trying to determine what has changed in the new standard! Redlines save you time and ensure you see what the changes are to the standard. you select the "Standard + Redline" option you get both documents! Best of all, the cost of a Standard + Redline is only slightly more than buying the by itself. Soon! and Handling × Domestic orders are delivered via Service (UPS) or (USPS). Transit times average 3 to 5 business days. Please be aware that UPS will not deliver packages to Boxes. . orders are delivered via courier post services which can be either a postal service, courier service, or a combination of both. is untraceable. Please allow 4-7 weeks for delivery. . Please be aware that carriers will not deliver packages to Boxes. Because of the variability of customs processes and procedures in different countries, ASTM International cannot guarantee transit times to international destinations. Customs duty and taxes are the responsibility of the consignee. Shipping & Handling charges follow the rate schedule, below: Shipping & Up to $50. 00 $18. 00 $50. 01 to $100. 00 $20. 00 $100. 01 to $150. 00 $28. 38 $150. 01 to $250. 00 $37. 59 $250. 01 to $500. 00 $54. 09 $500. 01 to $750. 00 $73. 48 $750. 01 to $1000. 00 $89. 57 $1000. 01 to $1500. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text is irrelevant to the claim as it discusses practices related to image capture and storage technology but does not specifically mention cryptozoologists or the capturing of evidence of unknown species. It primarily elaborates on the standards and practices surrounding the use of technology without providing any support or contradiction to the claim.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: Vertical forests contribute to carbon sequestration within city landscapes. [SEP] Text: The storage of C and N on Luvisols, followed: control < N Fert < N Fert + manure whereas Arenosols had control < N Fert + manure < N Fert. Compared with control, N Fert and N Fert + manure enhanced fLF C on homefields and outfields by 19%, 24% and 9%, 22% on Luvisols and 17%, 26% and 26%, 26% respectively on Arenosols. Homefields on Luvisols, under N Fert and N Fert + manure had similar equilibrium levels, which were 2. 5 times more than control. Forests play a major role in regulating the rate of increase of global atmospheric CO2 storing C in soil and biomass although the C storage potential varies with forest type and plant species composition. In this research, storage of C and N were highest in moist forest and lowest in the Miombo woodland. In both natural and planted forests, above ground tree biomass was the major ecosystem C pool followed by forest floor’s humus (H) layer. The mineral soil had 45%, 31% and 24% of SOC stored at the 0–10, 10–30 and 30–60 cm soil depths respectively. Stand age affected C and N storage significantly having an initial decline after establishment recovering rapidly up to 10 years, after which it declined and increased again by 25 years. Average soil C among the Pinus compartments was 12 kg m-2, being highest at 10 years and lowest in the 1 year old stands. was also highest at 10 years and least at 25 years. The proportional mass of fLF and oLF in Miombo woodlands was similar while the other stands had higher fLF than oLF. The highest LF was in the moist forest. In the Pinus patula stands the fLF C contributed between 22−25%, the oLF C contributed 8−16% and MaHF C contributed between 60−70% to total SOC. Carbon in MaHF and oLF increased with depth while the fLF decreased with depth in all except the 1 and the 10 year old stands. Conversion of depleted Miombo woodlands to pine plantations can yield better C gains in the short and long run whilst moist forests provide both carbon and biodiversity. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim by discussing the role of forests in regulating the increase of atmospheric CO2 and storing carbon (C) in soil and biomass. It specifically mentions that forests, including planted ones, serve as significant ecosystems for carbon storage, with references to varying storage levels depending on environmental conditions and forest types. This supports the idea that vertical forests, as a type of forest, also contribute to carbon sequestration in urban environments.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Studies show that telehealth can improve access to healthcare for rural populations. [SEP] Text: January 23. Sponsors & is information in this trial unavailable to the public. Use the button below to request access. (s) Telehealth connects patients to qualified health care professionals via phone. Although its popularity dramatically increased since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, there is limited rigorous evidence of its impact. In particular, the impact of telehealth on health access and healthcare inequality in low-income countries is ex-ante ambiguous. On the one hand, telehealth could allow individuals currently out of reach of the official health system -- e. g. , because of their remote location or because of prevailing norms -- to access quality healthcare providers, thus improving the quality of care and equalizing access. On the other hand, telehealth might crowd out in-person care, with potential negative consequences on health outcomes for those individuals who do not engage with technology, who are not e-literate, and who have little trust in modern medicine to start with (e. g. , women, the elderly, the poor). This may result in telehealth excluding individuals who might need care most, exacerbating inequality in healthcare. Given the potential barriers to the utilization of telehealth in low-income settings, the presence of local “facilitators” may be crucial to its success. First, local facilitators may attenuate the digital divide by allowing marginalized individuals, including women with low power in the household, to contact the doctor and nurse through a smartphone that has access to the internet. Second, local facilitators may allow for more “continuity of care”, an aspect which is often lacking in telehealth programs that prioritize the “speed of care” (i. e. , patients meeting with the first available provider even if that provider is unknown to them) and which might matter especially in contexts with low trust in modern medicine. Finally, local facilitators may complement telehealth services by monitoring the evolution of health conditions of patients that require frequent follow-ups (e. g. , noncommunicable diseases). India provides an ideal study setting, both because of the vast potential user base in need of telehealth services and because recent years have seen a rapid diffusion of telehealth providers. government has pioneered this technological revolution, by launching and promoting its platform, called eSanjeevani, and has been rapidly followed by other telehealth providers, in an attempt to reach even the most remote areas of the country. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by discussing the ambiguous effects of telehealth on healthcare access, particularly in low-income settings. While it suggests that telehealth has the potential to improve access for some, it also warns that it could exacerbate inequality by excluding individuals who are not technology-literate or have distrust in modern medicine, which could ultimately hinder overall access to healthcare.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Cryptozoologists can use technology to capture evidence of unknown species. [SEP] Text: 00 $116. 61 $1500. 01 to $2500. 00 $152. 29 $2500. 01 to $4999. 00 $201. 00 $5000. 00 to $higher $225. 00 Shipping and Handling charges are approximate. Additional charges may be incurred if your order requires multiple shipments. This does not apply to complete sets and sections. × -. By purchasing a subscription and clicking through this agreement, you are entering into a contract, and acknowledge that you have read this License Agreement, that you understand it and agree to be bound by its terms. If you do not agree to the terms of this License Agreement, promptly exit this page without entering the ASTM Product. 1. Ownership:is copyrighted, both as a compilation and as individual standards, 2. Definitions. A. Types of Licensees: (i) Individual User:a single unique computer, with an individual IP address; (ii) Single-Site:one geographic location or to multiple sites within one city that are part of a single organization unit administered centrally; for example, different campuses of the same university within the same city administered centrally. (iii) Multi-Site:an organization or company with independently administered multiple locations within one city; or an organization or company located in more than one city, state or country, with central administration for all locations. B. Authorized Users:any individual who has subscribed to this Product; if a Site License, also includes registered students, faculty or staff member, or employee of the Licensee, at the Single or Multiple Site. 3. Limited License. ASTM grants Licensee a limited, revocable, nonexclusive, non-transferable license to access, by means of one or more authorized IP addresses, and according to the terms of this Agreement, to make the uses permitted and described below, each ASTM Product to which Licensee has subscribed. A. Specific Licenses: (i) Individual User: (a) the right to browse, search, retrieve, display and view the Product; (b) the right to download, store or print single copies of individual Documents, or portions of such Documents, solely for Licensee's own use. That is, Licensee may access and download an electronic file of a Document (or portion of a Document) for temporary storage on one computer for purposes of viewing, and/or printing one copy of a Document for individual use. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text is largely irrelevant to the claim about cryptozoologists and their use of technology for capturing evidence of unknown species. Instead, it discusses licensing agreements, ownership rights, and subscription terms for an ASTM product, which has no direct connection to the field of cryptozoology.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: Vertical forests contribute to carbon sequestration within city landscapes. [SEP] Text: At 0–10 cm depth, SOC stocks increased under CT, RP and DS by 0. 10, 0. 24, 0. 36 Mg ha−1yr−1 and 0. 76, 0. 54, 0. 10 Mg ha−1yr−1 on sandy and clayey soils respectively over a four year period while N stocks decreased by 0. 55, 0. 40, 0. 56 Mg ha−1yr−1 and 0. 63, 0. 65, 0. 55 Mg ha−1yr−1 respectively. Under prevailing climatic and management conditions, improvement of residue retention could be a major factor that can distinguish the potential of different management practices for C sequestration. Among the fertility treatments, there were significantly higher SOC and TON stocks under N Fert and N Fert + manure at 0-10 cm soil depth in Luvisols. Although this effect was not significant at 20-30 cm and 30-50 cm depth. On Arenosols, N Fert had highest C and N at all depths except at 0-10 cm. The storage of C and N on Luvisols, followed: control < N Fert < N Fert + manure whereas Arenosols had control < N Fert + manure < N Fert. Compared with control, N Fert and N Fert + manure enhanced fLF C on homefields and outfields by 19%, 24% and 9%, 22% on Luvisols and 17%, 26% and 26%, 26% respectively on Arenosols. Homefields on Luvisols, under N Fert and N Fert + manure had similar equilibrium levels, which were 2. 5 times more than control. Forests play a major role in regulating the rate of increase of global atmospheric CO2 storing C in soil and biomass although the C storage potential varies with forest type and plant species composition. In this research, storage of C and N were highest in moist forest and lowest in the Miombo woodland. In both natural and planted forests, above ground tree biomass was the major ecosystem C pool followed by forest floor’s humus (H) layer. The mineral soil had 45%, 31% and 24% of SOC stored at the 0–10, 10–30 and 30–60 cm soil depths respectively. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim by describing the role forests play in carbon storage. It mentions that 'forests play a major role in regulating the rate of increase of global atmospheric CO2 storing C in soil and biomass,' which aligns with the assertion that vertical forests contribute to carbon sequestration. It also discusses the differences in carbon storage potential based on forest type, implying that various forest ecosystems, including vertical ones, can enhance carbon sequestration.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Studies show that telehealth can improve access to healthcare for rural populations. [SEP] Text: Barriers to telehealth implementation and utilization and strategies to improve telehealth access. access Digital literacy Telehealth access points and network security Sensory and cognitive barriers Surgeon/provider barriers investments in broadband connectivity Telehealth access points in public locations Investment in cybersecurity and interoperability Increase state licensure reciprocity Increase coverage and reimbursement for services 2. 1. 1 Digital access Access to broadband internet and electronic devices such as desktop computers, laptops, or smartphones are critical to telehealth. While there has been a steady increase in the number of individuals and households that have access to these digital tools, the data shows that some demographics lag. Data from Pew research organization showed that home broadband internet access in 2023 was 68% and 83% for Black and White households, respectively, in 2023. 41 Homes with income < $30 000 reported 57% broadband access compared to 92% for households with income of $100 000. A similar pattern of lower rates of home broadband access was noted in rural communities, homes with less than high school graduation, and ages ≥65 years old. 41 In a study to examine access to high-speed internet via desktop computer, laptop computer, smartphone with a data plan, or any other digital access that involved 1 210 714 respondents from the Survey, 14. 02% of households reported that they did not have any digital access. 42 Another study using the Survey found lower rates of broadband internet access in geographically isolated areas with higher population of Black, American Indian/Alaska Native, and Hispanic households. 43 2. 1. 2 Digital literacy Having the knowledge or support to set up and troubleshoot the device (laptop, computer, smartphone) for accessing telehealth is crucial to allow the telehealth encounter to occur, facilitate quality encounters, and minimize frustrations. For synchronous telemedicine encounters, patients are expected to be able to login to a secure portal and ensure that their camera and audio on a digital device are working appropriately. Sometimes a patient may not be able to locate the portal to login or a glitch may occur where audio may work but camera does not or vice versa. The level of digital literacy has been shown to correlate with telehealth adoption with the elderly, low SES, and less educated being on the low end of the telehealth adoption spectrum. 44 For asynchronous telemedicine encounters, patients who do not speak or understand English are disadvantaged as the system is not set up to include interpreter services in such scenarios. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by highlighting various barriers to telehealth access, particularly in rural populations. It mentions inadequate broadband access, lower digital literacy, and demographic disparities that hinder telehealth implementation in these areas. For instance, it states that 'lower rates of broadband internet access were noted in rural communities' and discusses the challenges faced by individuals with low digital literacy, which suggests that telehealth may not be adequately improving access as the claim states.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Cryptozoologists can use technology to capture evidence of unknown species. [SEP] Text: Neither the electronic file nor the single hard copy print may be reproduced in anyway. In addition, the electronic file may not be distributed elsewhere over computer networks or otherwise. That is, the electronic file cannot be emailed, downloaded to disk, copied to another hard drive or otherwise shared. The single hard copy print may only be distributed to others for their internal use within your organization; it may not be copied. The individual Document downloaded may not otherwise be sold or resold, rented, leased, lent or sub-licensed. (ii) Single-Site and Multi-Site Licenses: (a) the right to browse, search, retrieve, display and view the Product; (b) the right to download, store or print single copies of individual Documents, or portions of such Documents for the Authorized User's personal use, and to share such copies with other of Licensee within Licensee's computer network; (c) if an educational institution, Licensee is permitted to provide a hard copy of individual Documents to individual students (Authorized Users) in a class at Licensee's location; (d) the right to display, download and distribute hard copies of Documents for training or groups of Authorized Users. (e) Licensee will undertake all necessary authentication and verification processes to ensure only can access the ASTM Product. (f) Licensee will provide ASTM with a list of authorized IP (numeric IP domain addresses) addresses and, if Multi-Site, a list of authorized sites. B. Prohibited Uses. (i) describes all permitted uses. Any other use is prohibited, is a violation of this Agreement and can result in immediate termination of this License. (ii) User may not make this Product, or Documents, available to anyone other than another Authorized User, whether by Internet link, or by permitting access through his or her terminal or computer; or by other similar or dissimilar means or arrangements. (iii) Specifically, no one is authorized to transmit, copy, or distribute any Document in any manner or for any purpose except as described in Section 3 of this License, without ASTM's prior express written permission. In particular, except as described in Section 3, no one may, without the prior express written permission of ASTM: (a) distribute or forward a copy (electronic or otherwise) of any 4. Detection of Prohibited Uses. A. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text is irrelevant to the claim regarding cryptozoologists and technology for capturing evidence of unknown species. Instead, it details the licensing agreements and restrictions regarding the use and distribution of documents, with no mention of cryptozoology or related technologies.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: Vertical forests contribute to carbon sequestration within city landscapes. [SEP] Text: At 0–10 cm depth, SOC stocks increased under CT, RP and DS by 0. 10, 0. 24, 0. 36 Mg ha−1yr−1 and 0. 76, 0. 54, 0. 10 Mg ha−1yr−1 on sandy and clayey soils respectively over a four year period while N stocks decreased by 0. 55, 0. 40, 0. 56 Mg ha−1yr−1 and 0. 63, 0. 65, 0. 55 Mg ha−1yr−1 respectively. Under prevailing climatic and management conditions, improvement of residue retention could be a major factor that can distinguish the potential of different management practices for C sequestration. Among the fertility treatments, there were significantly higher SOC and TON stocks under N Fert and N Fert + manure at 0-10 cm soil depth in Luvisols. Although this effect was not significant at 20-30 cm and 30-50 cm depth. On Arenosols, N Fert had highest C and N at all depths except at 0-10 cm. The storage of C and N on Luvisols, followed: control < N Fert < N Fert + manure whereas Arenosols had control < N Fert + manure < N Fert. Compared with control, N Fert and N Fert + manure enhanced fLF C on homefields and outfields by 19%, 24% and 9%, 22% on Luvisols and 17%, 26% and 26%, 26% respectively on Arenosols. Homefields on Luvisols, under N Fert and N Fert + manure had similar equilibrium levels, which were 2. 5 times more than control. Forests play a major role in regulating the rate of increase of global atmospheric CO2 storing C in soil and biomass although the C storage potential varies with forest type and plant species composition. In this research, storage of C and N were highest in moist forest and lowest in the Miombo woodland. In both natural and planted forests, above ground tree biomass was the major ecosystem C pool followed by forest floor’s humus (H) layer. The mineral soil had 45%, 31% and 24% of SOC stored at the 0–10, 10–30 and 30–60 cm soil depths respectively. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim by emphasizing the role of forests in storing carbon (C) in both soil and biomass, stating that 'forests play a major role in regulating the rate of increase of global atmospheric CO2 storing C in soil and biomass.' This suggests that vertical forests, as a type of forest, would similarly contribute to carbon sequestration in urban environments.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Studies show that telehealth can improve access to healthcare for rural populations. [SEP] Text: Immigrant populations who would otherwise benefit greatly from telehealth for the reasons previously outlined may not be able to do so due to language barrier or the difficulty of integrating interpretive services into asynchronous telemedicine encounters. 2. 1. 3 Telehealth access points and network security Whether via video or audio, synchronous telehealth requires privacy to allow physical exams and discussion of sensitive information without compromise as would have been done in person. Lack of privacy due to living in crowded households or being homeless will present significant challenges to optimal telehealth access and utilization. In addition, data breaches from hacking can present serious threats to telehealth due to identity theft, blackmail, and extortion. There has been an increase in cases where cyber criminals extort healthcare systems by demanding ransom payments. In such situations, affected networks are shut down, preventing patients from utilizing telehealth to meet their healthcare needs. Unfortunately, as healthcare becomes more digitized, cybersecurity threats will continue to increase with consequences for telehealth. 45 2. 1. 4 Sensory and cognitive barriers Some individuals with visual, hearing, speaking, or cognitive impairment may encounter physical barriers to digital devices such as desktop computers, laptops, and smartphones needed to access telehealth services. Elderly patients are more likely to have undiagnosed impairments leading to difficulties with telehealth visits. In a study to assess telerehabilitation readiness among older adults in the using survey data from the sensory and cognitive impairment were among the main drivers of telehealth unreadiness. 46 Difficulties in hearing, seeing, or understanding during a telehealth encounter can frustrate both patients and clinicians, diminishing satisfaction for both parties. 2. 1. 5 Surgeon/clinician barriers There are intrinsic and extrinsic factors that may influence a surgeon's participation in telehealth. Intrinsic factors include digital literacy and workflow habits. Although well-educated and technically skilled in the operations they perform, it cannot be assumed that all surgeons are digitally literate or enjoy using digital tools. Time constraints may hinder surgeons' ability to participate in telehealth training services which are often provided through the (IT) department. Without adequate training to optimize and maximize digital tools for telehealth encounters, frustrations can lead to a vicious cycle of avoidance of telehealth use. In addition, without adequate support, some surgeons may find telehealth disruptive to their well-established workflow and thus avoid using it if possible. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by highlighting several barriers that could impede telehealth access for populations who might benefit from it, including language barriers for immigrant populations, privacy issues due to living conditions, cybersecurity threats, sensory and cognitive impairments that can hinder access, and the digital literacy of surgeons affecting their participation in telehealth. These factors suggest that while telehealth has potential benefits, these obstacles may negate its effectiveness in improving access for certain groups.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Cryptozoologists can use technology to capture evidence of unknown species. [SEP] Text: Licensee is responsible for taking reasonable measures to prevent prohibited uses, and promptly notify ASTM of any infringements of copyright or prohibited use of which Licensee becomes aware. Licensee will cooperate with ASTM in investigating any such prohibited uses and will take reasonable steps to ensure the cessation of such activity and to prevent any reoccurrence. B. Licensee shall use all reasonable efforts to protect the Product from any use that is not permitted under this Agreement, and shall notify ASTM of any use of which it learns or is notified. 5. to Product. ASTM reserves the right to terminate this License, upon written notice, if Licensee materially breaches the terms of this Agreement. fails to pay ASTM any license or subscription fees when due, ASTM will provide the Licensee with a 30-day period within which to cure such breach. No cure period will be provided for material breaches relating to violations of Section 3 or any other breach likely to cause ASTM irreparable harm. If Licensee's subscription to an ASTM Product terminates, further access to the online database will be denied. or materially breach this License or make prohibited uses of material in any reserves the right to deny Licensee any access to the ASTM Product, in ASTM's sole discretion. 6. and Service. A. use standard Internet HTML format. ASTM reserves the right to change such format upon three [3] months' notice to Licensee, although ASTM will make reasonable efforts to use commonly available formats. and the are responsible for obtaining at their expense suitable Internet connections, Web browsers, and licenses for any software necessary to view the ASTM Products. B. are also available in (PDF) format to Licensee and its Authorized Users, who are solely responsible for installing and configuring the appropriate Reader software. C. ASTM shall use reasonable efforts to make online access available on a continuous basis. Availability will be subject to periodic interruption and downtime for server maintenance, software installation or testing, loading new files, and reasons beyond the control of ASTM. ASTM does not guarantee access, and will not be liable for damages or refunds if the Product becomes unavailable temporarily, or if access becomes slow or incomplete due to system back-up procedures, Internet traffic volume, upgrades, overload of requests to servers, general network failures or delays, or any other cause that may from time to time make the Product unavailable for the Licensee or Licensee's Authorized Users. 7. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text is irrelevant to the claim about cryptozoologists and their use of technology. Instead, it discusses the responsibilities and rights of a licensee relating to an ASTM Product, including issues of copyright, notification of infringements, and liabilities. There is no mention of cryptozoology, unknown species, or technology related to capturing evidence.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: This technology is useful in medical implants that degrade after use to avoid surgical removal. [SEP] Text: Policy: ASTM International prohibits the entry of ASTM standards and related ASTM intellectual property (“”) into any form of (AI) tools, such as ChatGPT. Additionally, creating ----derivatives of using AI is also prohibited without express written permission from ASTM’s President. In the case of such use, ASTM will suspend a licensee’s access to and further legal action will be considered. Meetings & | Meetings & & & Standards and Papers & STPs Manuals, Monographs, & of ® (SOP) (TMA) and & & & & and ASTM What is and to to News and & -13. 01 Committee F04 $ 73. 00 In stock AbstractThis specification covers the raw material and final product requirements, and the associated test methods for the selection of porous high density and ultra high molecular weight polyethylenes intended for use in surgical implants. The porous polyethylene may be used as a free standing product or as a coating on a substrate in nonloaded applications. Physical properties such as pore size and volume, as well as tensile, compressive, flexural, and shear properties shall be determined, but will be specified in the particular device to which its end use shall be applied. Scope1. 1 This specification covers the properties and test methods for porous high density and ultra high molecular weight polyethylenes intended for use in surgical implants. The porous polyethylene may be used as a free standing product or as a coating on a substrate in nonloaded applications. . 1. 2 Evaluation of tissue response to a porous polyethylene must be completed. Guidance in establishing biocompatibility may be found in the list of 1. 3 Clinical experience and animal studies have shown that tissue will grow into the open pores of porous polyethylene. The tissue ingrowth into the pores may allow for the establishment of implant fixation. 1. 4 This section does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Version F0755-99R05 F0755-19 Active F0755-99R11 F0755-99E01 F0755-99 is a Redline? Why Redline? [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim by discussing the use of porous high density and ultra high molecular weight polyethylenes intended for use in surgical implants. It mentions the evaluation of tissue response and how tissue can grow into the open pores, which implies the potential for biodegradability and integration with the body, aligning with the claim that such technology could be useful in implants that degrade after use to eliminate the need for surgical removal.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Many patients report high satisfaction with telehealth consultations. [SEP] Text:  8% of all caregivers and patients participating in telemedicine visits were dissatisfied with the visit because of not being persuaded by the video visit, having internet problems, and having a time that interfered with their schedule.  37% of all caregivers and patients participating in in-person visits were dissatisfied with the visit because of issues related to parking, cleanliness, wait time, and provider and reception office attitudes.  Marques et al [22], 2022In-person visits compared with video visits between January 2020 and December 2020A 16-item closed-ended patient experience survey with items, such as how well the nurse listened to you; likelihood of recommending the practice to others; our concern for your privacy. Each question had ratings of 1-5. A rating of 5/5 was considered “top box. ” No statistically significant differences in satisfaction (as assessed by top box percentages) existed between caregivers participating in in-person and those participating in telemedicine visits.  McCoy et al [23], 2022Video visits for the first 6 weeks when telemedicine was implemented compared with in-person visits for the 6 weeks before telemedicine was implementedClosed-ended items, such as: ”How would you rate the following aspects of your child’s experience:” ability to communicate with the physician and the overall outpatient experience.  The ability to communicate with the physician was rated higher (mean 4. 6) in the in-person group compared with the telemedicine group (mean 4. 4; P<. 01) Mustafa et al [24], 2021Video new and follow-up visits compared with in-person new and follow-up visits from June 26, 2020, to July 31, 2020Closed-ended items, such as, “Overall, I was satisfied with my in-person/video encounter; my in-person/video encounter resulted in a complete evaluation; in the future, I would prefer the following visit type: in-person, video etc. ” Open-ended items, such as, “What is the most important reason you would prefer an in-person encounter? ” 81. 5% responded that they strongly agreed that they were satisfied with the in-person visit compared with 72. 7% with the video visit.  The most frequently mentioned reason caregivers were satisfied with an in-person visit was to have a physical examination. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by providing evidence that only 72.7% of patients expressed satisfaction with video visits, compared to 81.5% for in-person visits. It also notes that there were no statistically significant differences in satisfaction between in-person and telemedicine visits, which suggests that many patients may not report high satisfaction with telehealth consultations.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Cryptozoologists can use technology to capture evidence of unknown species. [SEP] Text: Terms and Fees. A. The term of this Agreement is _____________ ("Subscription Period"). Access to the Product is for the only. will remain in effect thereafter for successive so long as annual subscription fees, as such may change from time to time, are paid. Licensee and/or ASTM have the right to terminate this Agreement at the end of a by written notice given at least 30 days in advance. B. Fees: 8. Verification. ASTM has the right to verify compliance with this Agreement, at its expense, and at any time during the course of normal business hours. To do so, ASTM will engage an independent consultant, subject to a confidentiality agreement, to review Licensee's use of ASTM Product and/or Documents. Licensee agrees to permit access to its information and computer systems for this purpose. Verification will take place upon no less than 15 days notice, during normal business hours and in a manner that does not interfere unreasonably with Licensee's operations. If verification reveals unlicensed or prohibited use of the ASTM Products or Documents, Licensee agrees to reimburse ASTM for the costs incurred in verification and reimburse ASTM for any unlicensed/prohibited uses. By invoking this procedure, ASTM does not waive any of its rights to enforce this Agreement or to protect its intellectual property by any other means permitted by law. Licensee acknowledges and agrees that ASTM may imbed certain identifying or tracking information in the ASTM Products available on the Portal. 9. Passwords:Licensee must immediately notify ASTM of any known or suspected unauthorized use(s) of its password(s), or any known or suspected breach of security, including the loss, theft unauthorized disclosure of such password or any unauthorized access to or use of the ASTM Product. Licensee is solely responsible for maintaining the confidentiality of its password(s) and for ensuring the authorized access and use of the ASTM Product. Personal accounts/passwords may not be shared. 10. Disclaimer of Warranty: Unless specified in this Agreement, all express or implied conditions, representations and warranties, including any implied warranty of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose or non-infringement are disclaimed, except to the extent that these disclaimers are held to be legally invalid. 11. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text does not address the claim about cryptozoologists and their ability to use technology for capturing evidence of unknown species. Instead, it discusses terms and conditions related to a subscription agreement, including verification processes and disclaimers. This information is irrelevant to the claim.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: This technology is useful in medical implants that degrade after use to avoid surgical removal. [SEP] Text: Policy: ASTM International prohibits the entry of ASTM standards and related ASTM intellectual property (“”) into any form of (AI) tools, such as ChatGPT. Additionally, creating ----derivatives of using AI is also prohibited without express written permission from ASTM’s President. In the case of such use, ASTM will suspend a licensee’s access to and further legal action will be considered. Meetings & | Meetings & & & Standards and Papers & STPs Manuals, Monographs, & of ® (SOP) (TMA) and & & & & and ASTM What is and to to News and & -13. 01 Committee F04 $ 73. 00 In stock AbstractThis specification covers the raw material and final product requirements, and the associated test methods for the selection of porous high density and ultra high molecular weight polyethylenes intended for use in surgical implants. The porous polyethylene may be used as a free standing product or as a coating on a substrate in nonloaded applications. Physical properties such as pore size and volume, as well as tensile, compressive, flexural, and shear properties shall be determined, but will be specified in the particular device to which its end use shall be applied. Scope 1. 1 This specification covers the properties and test methods for porous high density and ultra high molecular weight polyethylenes intended for use in surgical implants. The porous polyethylene may be used as a free standing product or as a coating on a substrate in nonloaded applications. 1. 2 Evaluation of tissue response to a porous polyethylene must be completed. Guidance in establishing biocompatibility may be found in the list of 1. 3 Clinical experience and animal studies have shown that tissue will grow into the open pores of porous polyethylene. The tissue ingrowth into the pores may allow for the establishment of implant fixation. 1. 4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1. 5 This section does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim by discussing the properties and applications of porous high density and ultra high molecular weight polyethylenes intended for use in surgical implants. It mentions that tissue can grow into the open pores of porous polyethylene, which suggests a beneficial interaction of the material in medical implants, aligning with the idea of implants degrading to avoid surgical removal.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Many patients report high satisfaction with telehealth consultations. [SEP] Text: Another theme was “in-person care allows for a more personal interaction and more questions. ” Reasons why respondents were satisfied with video visits included: frequent follow-up, convenience, and COVID-19 safety.  Ragamin et al [25], 2021New and follow-up in-person consultations compared with new and follow-up telephone consultations from March 2020 to July 2020. Telephone consultations could be with or without shared imagines via email to aid the visit. Closed-ended items, such as, “What is your general satisfaction with received care? ” and “Assess your patient satisfaction in these areas: information provided, active involvement, needs addressed, emotional support, interaction in general” Open-ended items on reasons why caregivers preferred face-to-face or remote consultations.  34. 7% of caregivers who received face-to-face consultations were very satisfied compared with 12. 1% of caregivers who received remote consultations (P<. 001).  Caregivers who received face-to-face consultations were significantly more satisfied on the emotional support scale compared with those who received remote consultations (P=. 039).  Reasons why caregivers preferred face-to-face consultations included “face-to-face examination is important”; “face-to-face consultations raise treatment adherence”; “face-to-face consultations are more efficient. ” Summers et al [26], 2022In-person visits compared with telehealth visits completed by caregivers and patients between March 2020 and July 2020Patient satisfaction survey administered by an outside company with items, such as: “How likely would you be to recommend this facility to your family and friends? ” with a score of 0 being not all likely and 10 being extremely likely.  The satisfaction survey scores for “recommend institution” and “recommend provider” were 79. 6 and 86. 4, respectively, for in-person visits and 81. 4 and 92. 3, respectively, for telehealth visits.  Satisfaction assessed separately for adolescents and caregivers: adolescents answered at least some satisfaction surveys items separately; results were presented separately for adolescents and caregivers. Troncone et al [27], 2022Video visits between April 2020 and May 2020 compared with in-person visits between June 2020 and July 2020Patients themselves completed the. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by providing evidence that caregivers who received face-to-face consultations were significantly more satisfied, with a percentage of 34.7% being 'very satisfied,' compared to only 12.1% for those who had remote consultations. Additionally, it mentions that caregivers preferred in-person interactions due to reasons such as the importance of face-to-face examination and the emotional support provided, which implies lower satisfaction with telehealth options.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Changing wall colors can completely alter a person's mood. [SEP] Text: We use cookies to enhance your experience on our website. By continuing to use our website, you are agreeing to our use of cookies. You can change your cookie settings at any time. Find out more personal profile panels this content Copy this link, or click below to email it to a friend Email this content or copy the link directly: The link was not copied. Your current browser may not support copying via this button. Link copied successfullyCopy link to 1. Will the day be bright or cloudy? 2. High waveing heather 'neath stormy blasts bending 3. Red breast early in the morning 4. There shines the moon, at noon of night 5. The night of storms has past 6. I saw thee child one summers day 7. O God of heaven! the dream of horror 8. Lord of Elbë, on Elbë hill 9. sat the summer day 10. The battle had passed from the height 11. A sudden chasm of ghastly light 12. Lines ("Far away is the land of rest") 13. church tower and Garden wall 14. Now trust a breast that trusts in you 15. Sleep brings no joy to me 16. The night is darkening around me 17. O mother I am not regreting 18. To a Wreath of snow 19. Lines ("I die but when the grave shall press") 20. Song by 21. Fall leaves fall die flowers away 22. Weaned from life and torn away 23. The wide cathedral Isles are lone 24. Why do I hate that lone green dell? 25. O wander not so far away! 26. Gleneden's Dream 27. Song to A A 28. Darkness was over Gondall every face 29. None of my kindred now can tell 30. 'Twas one of those dark cloudy days 31. 32. For him who struck thy foreign string 33. The evening sun was sinking down 34. Song by to G. S. ("Geraldine, the moon is shining") 35. Song by J. Brenzaida to G. S. ("I knew not 't was so dire a crime") 36. Where were ye all? and where wert thou 37. Light up thy halls! 'Tis closing day 38. O Dream, where art thou now? 39. Loud without the wind was roaring 40. A little while, a little while 41. How still, how happy! [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text does not address the claim regarding the impact of changing wall colors on mood. Instead, it contains unrelated content about using cookies on a website and various poetic lines, making it irrelevant to the claim.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: This technology is useful in medical implants that degrade after use to avoid surgical removal. [SEP] Text: Признаки консолидации места остеотомии основания I плюсневой кости с внедренным углеродным наноструктурным имплантатомFig. 6. Radiographs of the anterior part of the right foot of patient E. 6 weeks after the operation: а — straight projection; b — oblique (3/4) projection. The pin fixing the second toe has been removed. There are signs of consolidation of the osteotomy site of the first metatarsal bone base with an implanted carbon nanostructured implant Спустя 6 нед. со дня операции больная выписана, косметическим и функциональным результатом довольна. Спустя два года после оперативного лечения функциональные и косметические результаты хорошие, не испытывала дискомфорта при ходьбе и неудобства при ношении обуви (см. рис. 7, 9). [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text discusses the use of a carbon nanostructured implant in a clinical case, highlighting positive outcomes such as consolidation at the osteotomy site and satisfaction with functional and cosmetic results after the surgery. Although it doesn't explicitly state that the implant degrades, the context of surgical treatment and the positive results imply a possible benefit of such implants in avoiding complications related to surgical removal, thus supporting the claim.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Many patients report high satisfaction with telehealth consultations. [SEP] Text:  Caregivers completed the CASCb. Examples of CASC items included “I would like to see improvement in the comfort and support the provider gave to the child: yes/no. ” Adolescents: the mean score was 28. 92 for video consultations and 27. 82 for the in-person visits showing slightly higher satisfaction with the video visit, which was not statistically significant (P=. 096).  Caregivers: there were no statistically significant differences in responses to items as part of CASC. For example, 83% of caregivers participating in video visits answered no to, “I would like to see improvement in the comfort and support the provider gave to the child” compared with 81% of caregivers participating in in-person visits (P=. 597).  a: of of Physician Empathy. bCASC: comprehensive assessment of satisfaction with care. Study CharacteristicsIn total, 11 studies were conducted in the [14-20,22-24,26] and 1 each was conducted in Egypt [21], the Netherlands [25], and Italy [27] (Table 1). Some studies provided information only on the number of visits and other studies provided information on the number of participants. The sample sizes of the participants ranged from 23 to 1056 telehealth visit patients and from 49 to 874 in-person visit patients. Table 2 includes the periods for telehealth and nontelehealth services. In all 14 studies, telehealth services were provided during the pandemic. In 5 of the 14 studies [14,16,19,21,23], nontelehealth services were provided before the pandemic, and in the remaining 9 investigations, nontelehealth services were provided during the pandemic. In the 5 studies where nontelehealth services were provided before the pandemic, satisfaction was higher with remote compared with in-person visits in 4 studies [14,16,19,21], whereas it was higher with in-person than remote visits in 1 study [23]. Quality and Risk of Bias AssessmentOverviewMultimedia 94. 7% of White participants in the in-person group and 94. 9% of White participants in the telehealth group) but not in terms of sex (61. 9% of male participants in the in-person group and 49. 2% of male participants in the telehealth group) [23]. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by presenting mixed satisfaction outcomes regarding telehealth consultations as compared to in-person visits. While it mentions some higher mean scores for video consultations, it also indicates that those differences were not statistically significant. Specifically, it states, ‘satisfaction was higher with remote compared with in-person visits in 4 studies,’ but also notes that in 1 study ‘satisfaction was higher with in-person than remote visits,’ demonstrating that not all patients report high satisfaction with telehealth consultations.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Changing wall colors can completely alter a person's mood. [SEP] Text: those are words 42. The bluebell is the sweetest flower 43. The night was Dark yet winter breathed 44. What winter floods what showers of Spring 45. From our evening fireside now 46. Song ("left the south country") 47. Lines ("The soft unclouded blue of air") 48. To the bluebell— 49. I am the only being whose doom 50. are opening 51. Lines by Claudia ("I did not sleep 'twas noon of day") 52. I know not how it falls on me 53. Written on returning to the P. of I. on the 10th of January 1827— 54. Month after month year after year 55. A Farewell to Alexandria— 56. And now the housedog streched once more 57. Come hither child—who gifted thee 58. Shed no tears o'er that tomb 59. Mild the mist upon the hill 60. How long will you remain the midnight hour 61. "The starry night shall tidings bring" 62. Fair sinks the summer evening now 63. Alcona in its changing mood 64. The organ swells the trumpets sound 65. Song ("O between distress and pleasure") 66. The wind I hear it sighing 67. There was a time when my cheek burned 68. Stanzas to — ("Well, some may hate and some may scorn") 69. The wind was rough which tore 70. That wind I used to hear it swelling 71. Heavens glory shone where he was laid 72. Written in the Gaaldine prison caves To A. G. A. 73. Far, far away is mirth withdrawn 74. It is too late to call thee now 75. Stanzas ("I'll not weep that thou art going to leave me") 76. At such a time, in such a spot 77. If greif for greif can touch thee 78. Tis moon light summer moonlight 79. The night wind 80. Companions all day long we've stood 81. A. G. A. of 82. And like myself lone wholey lone 83. Stoic 84. no more inspire thee 85. Aye there it is! It wakes to night 86. I see around me tombstones grey 87. Geraldine 88. Rosina 89. I do not weep, I would not weep 90. In the same place, when Nature wore 91. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text does not address the claim regarding wall colors and their impact on mood. Instead, it appears to be a collection of poetry or prose lines with no relation to the psychological effects of color changes in an environment.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: All plant-based plastics are completely biodegradable without exceptions. [SEP] Text: 87 (2012) 505-512. [34] M. Koller, Chemical and biochemical engineering approaches in manufacturing polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) biopolyesters of tailored structure with focus on the diversity of building blocks, Chem. Biochem. Eng. Q. 32 (2018) 413-438. [35] K. Gopi, S. Balaji, B. Muthuvelan, Isolation purification and screening of biodegradable polymer PHB producing cyanobacteria from marine and freshwater resources, Iran. J. Energy Environ. 5 (2014) 94–100. 10. 5829/idosi. ijee. 2014. 05. 01. 14 [36] J. of poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate in Spirulina platensis, J. Bacteriol. 149 (1982 )361–363 [37] M. Vincenzini, C. Sili, R. de Philippis, A. Ena, R. Materassi, Occurrence of poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate in Spirulina species, J. Bacteriol. 172 (1990) 2791–2792. / jb. 172. 5. 2791-2792. 1990 [38] A. Shrivastav, S. K. Mishra, S. Mishra, Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) synthesis by Spirulina subsalsa from Gujarat coast of India, Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 46 (2010) 255–260. 10. 1016/j. ijbiomac. 2010. 01. 001 [39] S. Samantaray, N. Mallick, Production and characterization of poly-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) polymer from Aulosirafertilissima, J. Appl. Phycol. 24 (2012) 803–814. [40] L. Sharma, N. Mallick, Accumulation of poly-hydroxybutyrate in Nostocmuscorum: Regulation by pH, light-dark cycles, N and P status and carbon sources, Bioresour. Technol. 96 (2005) 1304–1310. [41] R. Bhati, N. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text provides references and information about various studies related to polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) and poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) but does not address the claim regarding the complete biodegradability of all plant-based plastics. It fails to corroborate or contrast the claim, thereby rendering the information irrelevant to the assertion made.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Many patients report high satisfaction with telehealth consultations. [SEP] Text: For example, in the study of Holtzman et al [16], 92% of caregivers and patients participating in telemedicine visits reported high satisfaction with the provider compared with 87% of caregivers and patients participating in in-person visits (odds ratio 1. 7, 95% CI 0. 53-5. 7). In the study of Johnson et al [17], 97. 9% of caregivers and patients participating in telemedicine visits reported high satisfaction with the provider compared with 83. 9% of caregivers and patients participating in in-person visits (P=. 07). In 1 out of the 13 studies focusing on caregivers, satisfaction levels in people receiving telehealth services and those receiving in-person visits were very similar. Specifically, no statistically significant differences in satisfaction (as assessed by top box percentages) existed between in-person caregivers and those participating in telemedicine visits [22]. In 4 of the 13 studies focusing on caregivers, satisfaction tended to be higher with in-person visits compared with telehealth visits. For example, 34. 7% of caregivers who received in-person consultations were very satisfied compared with 12. 1% of caregivers who received remote consultations (P<. 001) [25]. In a study by Mustafa et al [24], 81. 5% responded that they strongly agreed that they were satisfied with the in-person visit compared with 72. 7% with the video visit. In a study by McCoy et al [23], the ability to communicate with the physician was rated higher (mean 4. 6, SD 0. 8) in the in-person group compared with the telemedicine group (mean 4. 4, SD 0. 7; P=. 01). Open-ended items offered more specific information on why the participants were satisfied with the visit. The strengths of the visits indicated by caregivers using telehealth included time savings [15], convenience [24], frequent follow-up [24], and protection from COVID-19 [24]. The limitations indicated by caregivers using telehealth included poor technological access and connectivity [21], limited personal connection with providers [24], and the lack of laboratory testing and physical examination [24]. The strengths of nontelehealth services indicated by caregivers using in-person visits included being listened to [15], having opportunities for personal interactions and questions [24], and ensuring treatment adherence [25]. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by providing evidence that while some studies show high satisfaction rates with telehealth consultations (e.g., 92% and 97.9%), other studies indicate that in-person visits tend to yield higher satisfaction levels for caregivers and patients. Specifically, it mentions that in certain studies, satisfaction with in-person visits was significantly greater than telehealth visits, highlighting limitations such as poor technological access, limited personal connection, and the lack of physical examination that may affect satisfaction levels. Therefore, while there are reports of satisfaction with telehealth, the overall picture is mixed and includes significant dissatisfaction compared to in-person consultations.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Changing wall colors can completely alter a person's mood. [SEP] Text: Had there been falshood in my breast 92. Written in Aspin Castle— 93. Self-Interrogation 94. On the fall of Zalona 95. 96. To A. S. 1830 ("Where beams the sun the brightest") 97. are asleep 98. In the earth, the earth shalt thou be laid 99. Hope 100. Lie down and rest—the fight is done 101. T'was yesterday at early dawn 102. The day is done—the winter sun 103. 104. This summer wind, with thee and me 105. A 106. How few, of all the hearts that loved 107. Song ("The linnet in the rocky dells") 108. 109. Come, the wind may never again 110. Plead for Me 111. Faith and Despondency 112. From a in the Southern College— 113. Honour's Martyr 114. A Death-Scene 115. 116. Remembrance 117. Death 118. Stars 119. A thousand sounds of happiness 120a. Heavy hangs the raindrop 120b. Child of Delight! with sunbright hair 121. Anticipation 122. I know that tonight, the wind is sighing 123. Silent is the House—all are laid asleep 124. The Prisoner: A Fragment 125. No coward soul is mine 126. Why ask to know the date—the clime? 127. Why ask to know what date what clime Close sectionand Fragments 128. Love is like the wild rose briar 129. Sympathy 130. "Thou standest in the green-wood now" 131. Come, walk with me 132. Sleep not dream not this bright day 133. Alas that she 134. Deep deep down in the silent grave 135. Here with my knee upon thy stone 136. O come again what chains withhold 137. Was it with the feilds of green 138. How loud the Storm sounds round the Hall! 139. What use is it to slumber here 140. O evening why is thy light so sad? 141. Its over now Ive known it all 142. O Hinder me by no delay 143. I'll come when thou art sadest 144. I would have touched the heavnly key 145. It was night and on the mountains 146. Yes holy be thy resting place 147. Lonly at her window sitting 148. There are two trees in a lonely feild 149. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text does not address the claim about changing wall colors and their effect on mood. It appears to be a collection of lines from poetry or other literary fragments, none of which relate to the psychological impact of wall colors.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: Eco-friendly blockchain technology is gaining attention from environmentally conscious investors. [SEP] Text: Instead, it only requires limited information from them, such as setting certain parameters like the termination condition (e. g. , the number of iterations needed to conclude the algorithm) and recognizing the decision-making unit as an efficient entity (with a minimum required efficiency). One of the main concerns for managers in SCP is the cost factor. Therefore, the cost of adopting BT in the SC increases the intensity of this concern. In other words, a significant obstacle faced by SC managers regarding the adoption of BT in the SC is the cost factor. Through a Proposition and a Corollary, it is demonstrated that the proposed algorithm is capable of cost-effective planning for the integration of the SC and BT. Another concern of SC managers is their social responsibility regarding the environmental effects of adopting BT in the SC. The following explanation illustrates that the proposed algorithm is not only cost-effective but also environmentally friendly. the proposed algorithm, iteration "\(t+1\)" is more cost-effective than iteration "\(t\)". "\(t+1\)" has an additional constraint compared to iteration "t", which is the efficiency cut. This constraint eliminates inefficient warehouses from the feasible space, leading to the elimination of establishment and allocation decision variables. As a result, the costs associated with the eliminated decision variables are no longer considered in the proposed model. Thus, the solution of iteration "\(t+1\)" becomes more cost-effective than the solution of iteration "\(t\)". Corollary 1 The proposed algorithm can adopt BT in the SC in a cost-effective manner. proposed algorithm removes inefficient solutions from the feasible region, resulting in a reduction of the total cost of deploying BT in the SC according to the proposition. Corollary 2 The proposed algorithm can adopt BT in the SC in an environmentally friendly manner. to the proposition, the proposed algorithm prevents inefficient communication between levels of the SC in the blockchain platform and therefore minimizes unnecessary environmental emissions. It is important to highlight that the developed algorithm effectively narrows down the feasible space with each iteration, resulting in reduced resource consumption and decreased computational complexity and time in subsequent iterations (as per the aforementioned proposition). Moreover, the algorithm ensures consideration of the exact solutions in different instances. Consequently, it possesses the aforementioned dual advantages when compared to other solving algorithms. 4. 2 Fuzzy goal programmingOne of the most widely used approaches in solving multi-objective planning is goal programming (GP). [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim by discussing the environmentally friendly aspects of the proposed algorithm for integrating blockchain technology (BT) in the supply chain (SC). It specifically states that the proposed algorithm is capable of adopting BT in a 'cost-effective manner' and 'in an environmentally friendly manner' while minimizing unnecessary environmental emissions. This aligns with the claim's focus on eco-friendly blockchain technology attracting environmentally conscious investors.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Many patients report high satisfaction with telehealth consultations. [SEP] Text: For example, in 1 reviewed study, a theme based on responses to open-ended items was that in-person visits offered opportunities for personal interaction and asking more questions [24]. In another study, caregivers who received in-person consultations were significantly more satisfied with the emotional support scale compared with those who received remote consultations (P=. 039) [25]. A prior study that asked open-ended questions of 105 caregivers similarly found that a lack of in-person interaction was a challenge for telehealth use [35]. Caregivers stated that they lost the feeling that the provider was compassionate during remote care [35]. To increase empathetic care during telecare, health care providers may look straight at the camera; offer verbal cues when needing to look away; start appointments with mutual agenda and goal setting; avoid the use of medical terminology; ask how the health condition affects the daily life of the patient; express knowledge of the patient’s history by mentioning prior visits; and, if possible, suggest in-person visits to supplement remote appointments [36]. Studies have identified issues with technology during telehealth appointments. Quality and affordable internet access is essential, and a lack of technological services should not prevent pediatric patients from receiving the care they need. To improve satisfaction in this area, we propose continued support in making access to internet services and technological products more readily available and equitable to families of different racial and ethnic and socioeconomic groups. In the United States, a federal program plans to cover 85% of the costs associated with broadband connectivity and network equipment needed to support connected care in selected locations by allocating over US $100 million over 3 years through competitive funding processes [37]. Limitations of Reviewed StudiesLimitations included a nonrandomized design, small sample size, low generalizability beyond a specific health care setting or group, sampling method (ie, convenience sampling), limited diversity in backgrounds or no information on sociodemographic characteristics among participants, and the lack of reliable and valid satisfaction assessment tools. Among studies that presented sociodemographic characteristics of participants, differences in the comparison groups may have affected the findings. For example, in 1 study, 66. 4% of participants in the telehealth group were rural residents, compared with 47. 7% in the in-person group [21]. Rural participants may be more likely to have favorable views toward telehealth compared with urban residents because of transportation barriers associated with attending in-person visits in remote locales. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by providing evidence that caregivers who received in-person consultations were significantly more satisfied than those who had remote consultations, highlighting challenges in telehealth such as a lack of in-person interaction and emotional support. It mentions that caregivers lost the feeling of compassion from providers during remote care, indicating lower satisfaction levels with telehealth compared to in-person visits.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Changing wall colors can completely alter a person's mood. [SEP] Text: And the wind swept past her hopeless ear 150. What is that smoke that ever still 151. Still as she looked the iron clouds 152. Away away resign me now 153. It will not shine again 154. None but one beheld him dying 155. Coldly bleakly drearily 156. of Time ruined lonly now 157. Cold clear and blue the morning heaven 158. Tell me tell me smileing child 159. The inspiring musics thrilling sound 160. stand thought I have borne 161. I paused on the threshold I turned to the sky 162. O come with me thus ran the song 163. Woods you need not frown on me 164. How golden bright from earth and heaven 165. Not a vapour had stained the breezless blue 166. Only some spires of bright green grass 167. The sun has set and the long grass now 168. Lady in your palace Hall 169. And first an hour of mournful museing 170. Wind sink to rest in the heather 171. Long neglect has worn away 172. Awaking morning laughs from heaven 173. Her sisters and her brothers feet 174. O Harold while the darkness falls 175. Tis evening now the sun descends 176. We wander on we have no rest 177. is it 178. There let thy bleeding branch atone 179. Upon her aching breast 180. I gazed within thine ernest eyes 181. All hushed and still within the house 182. Iernës eyes were glazed and dim 183. When days of Beauty deck the earth 184. Still beside that dreary water 185. There swept adown that dreary glen 186. In dungeons dark I cannot sing 187. I'm happiest when most away 188. Methinks this heart should rest awhile 189. That dreary lake that midnight sky 190. His land may burst the galling chain 191. It is not pride it is not shame 192. She dried her tears and they did smile 193. But the hearts that once adored me 194. Start not upon the minster wall 195. My heart is not enrapturd now 196. What woke it then? a little child 197. I heard it then you heard it too 198. Through the doors of yester night 199. Harp of wild and dream like Strain 200. All day I've toiled but not with pain 201. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text does not address the claim regarding the impact of wall colors on mood. Instead, it presents a series of poetic lines that evocate emotions and imagery without mentioning color or mood alterations associated with interior spaces.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: Eco-friendly blockchain technology is gaining attention from environmentally conscious investors. [SEP] Text: Table 3 Management concepts related to BT and SC integrationFull size tableUtilizing our iterative algorithm reduces costs, enhances transparency, and minimizes emissions. The evaluator model, which incorporates the transparency factor alongside cost and service factors, determines the efficiency of SC members with greater differentiation power. The management and control of environmental emissions heavily rely on the decisions made by SC managers and their priorities. Uncertain conditions in BT adoption lead to increased transparency, costs, and environmental emissions. As the iterations of the proposed algorithm progress, the blockchain network becomes more cost-effective and environmentally friendly. Considering the promising future of BT in SC, companies and SCs should carefully consider the challenges of SCP in addition to the benefits of utilizing BT. Therefore, our proposed algorithm can assist SC managers in implementing BT in the SC in a more transparent, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly manner. As mentioned before, in our research, we have identified several critical gaps in the current approaches to adopting BT in SCM. These gaps include inadequate attention to security measures such as two-step authentication, insufficient consideration of environmental impacts like carbon emissions, and a lack of comprehensive optimization models for designing blockchain networks in conjunction with SCs. To address these gaps, we have developed a multi-objective optimization model presented in Formulas (2–30). This model aims to balance transparency, cost-effectiveness, and environmental sustainability within the SCM context. Objective functions within the model encompass maximizing transparency, minimizing traditional SCM costs and BT deployment costs, and reducing emissions associated with joining the blockchain network. We utilize advanced optimization techniques such as linearization and uncertain reformulation to address complexities and uncertainties inherent in SCM and BT integration. Linearization helps handle non-linear constraints arising from two-step authentication, while uncertain reformulation addresses uncertainties surrounding parameters like the minimum number of warehouses participating in the blockchain. Our evaluation criteria extend beyond traditional metrics to encompass both common criteria (e. g. , transportation costs, service levels) and innovative criteria related to BT adoption. These innovative criteria consider both the advantages, such as enhanced transparency, and challenges, such as increased environmental emissions. Through computational analysis, we demonstrate the efficacy of our proposed algorithm in balancing transparency, cost, and emissions. Subsequent iterations of the algorithm show improvements in cost-effectiveness and environmental friendliness, albeit with some reduction in transparency. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim by discussing how the iterative algorithm utilized in managing supply chains (SC) not only reduces costs but also minimizes emissions, enhancing environmental sustainability. It emphasizes the importance of integrating environmental impacts into blockchain technology (BT) adoption, suggesting that companies and supply chains (SCs) should focus on these benefits while also addressing challenges. The mention of developing a multi-objective optimization model that seeks to balance transparency, cost-effectiveness, and environmental sustainability highlights the growing attention towards eco-friendly practices in blockchain technology.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Many patients report high satisfaction with telehealth consultations. [SEP] Text: in Sign up in Sign up 10. 2460/javma. 23. 02. 0089 Volume/Issue: : Issue 1 Received: 18 Apr 2023 | Accepted: 23 Sep 2023 | Date: 20 Oct 2023 Free access Reprints and explore pet owners’ use of information and communication technologies (ICTs) during virtual veterinarian-client-patient consultations and to examine pet owners’ attitudes toward virtual consultations. 714 pet owners. an anonymous online survey distributed using snowball sampling, all participants were asked about utilization of ICTs, preferred method of interaction (face-to-face and 5 ICTs), opinion on virtual communication, and demographics. Sentiment toward virtual veterinarian consultations was measured for participants who had experienced a “virtual only” or “combination virtual and face-to-face” consultation in the previous 6 months using the Score. For these participants, multivariable logistic regression was used to explore factors associated with recommending virtual consultations. 92% (583/632) of participants resided in Ontario, Canada. Most (85. 6% [611/714]) participants had experience using the telephone for veterinary care, while only 5. 2% (37/714) had used live videoconferencing. Participants ranked face-to-face interactions as most preferred (P <. 001), followed by telephone and then live videoconferencing. Participants were significantly (P <. 001) less confident communicating during virtual consultations, particularly for building rapport. For participants experiencing a virtual consultation in the previous 6 months (n = 348), the overall Score was neutral at –1. 43. Participants were divided about recommending virtual consultations, with 33. 3% (116/348) being promoters and 34. 8% (121/348) being detractors. Age of participant and comfort using videoconferencing were positively associated (P <. 05) with recommending virtual consultations. participating pet owners significantly preferred face-to-face consultations with veterinarians, many appear willing to consider virtual consultations. Further exploration of pet owners’ p85. 6% [611/714]) participants had experience using the telephone for veterinary care, while only 5. 2% (37/714) had used live videoconferencing. Participants ranked face-to-face interactions as most preferred (P <. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by revealing that participants have mixed feelings about virtual consultations. Specifically, only 33.3% of participants who experienced a virtual consultation were promoters of it, while 34.8% were detractors, indicating a significant level of dissatisfaction or ambivalence. Additionally, the participants ranked face-to-face interactions as their most preferred method, and the overall sentiment score regarding virtual consultations was neutral at -1.43, showing that many do not report high satisfaction with telehealth consultations.