Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Plants studied in ethnobotany are never used for ceremonial or spiritual purposes. [SEP] Text: 194116 1 3 Stem bark cure snakebites. Rudgeaworonovii Standl. 194118 1 3 Stem bark reported. Citrus x limon (L. ) Osbeck 194125 2 6. 1 To treat influenza and calm stomach pains. cladantha Sandwith 1 3 Stem bark reported. sprucei Hook. f. 194114 2 6. 1 Stem bark treat snake bites. Table 2 List of plants used by traditional healers Middle Vaupes, for the treatment of malaria. Among the 35 identified species, only 13 had a previous record as antimalarian medicine: Abaremalaeta, Abuta grandifolia, Aspidosperma excelsum, Crescentia cujete, Guarea guidonia, Jacaranda copaia, Picrolemma sprucei, Doliocarpus dentatus, Potalia resinífera, Mangifera indica, Tabebuia serratifolia, Abuta rufescens and Citrus limón. This paper and just another us,30 introduces 28 plants, not previously mentioned by the literature, which are used as antimalarial medicine by the indigenous communities in the Middle Vaupés region. Their distribution is this: 23 were identified down to the species, 4 to genus and one to family. According to the Friedman’s index (1996) (Table 2) the species with the most cultural importance are: Abuta grandifolia, Matisia cf. Glandífera, Pleonotoma jasminifolia and Aspidosperma excelsum. Botanical and ethnobotanical findings for species which had no prior report of their antimalarialactivity Clathrotropis macrocarpa, is known in the region with the vernacular name, Tepaku. Tepa is the common name and ku describes the male gender of the tree in the native Cubeo language. In the forest the plant can be identified by its big hand-shaped leaves and the strong odor of its yellow bark. The part of the tree used for treating malaria is the fresh stem bark. The extraction of the bark can be performed either when the tree is young or old. The bark is treated by decoction and it can be handled by both men and women. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by detailing various plants used by traditional healers in the Middle Vaupés for medical purposes, specifically mentioning plants with cultural importance. This implies that plants studied in ethnobotany, such as those identified for treating malaria, are indeed valued within indigenous cultures, which suggests a potential usage in ceremonial or spiritual contexts. The reference to cultural importance supports the notion that these plants may have roles beyond mere medicinal uses.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Sea turtles navigate using the Earth’s magnetic field. [SEP] Text: 1 До обращения в суд с иском по спорам, возникающим из отношений между Пользователем и Администрацией сайта, обязательным является предъявление претензии (письменного предложения о добровольном урегулировании спора). 8. 2 Получатель претензии в течение 30 календарных дней со дня получения претензии, письменно уведомляет заявителя претензии о результатах рассмотрения претензии. 8. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text is irrelevant to the claim about sea turtles and their navigation. It discusses legal procedures regarding claims and does not address any information regarding sea turtles or their ability to navigate using the Earth’s magnetic field.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: Shift work can adversely affect health due to misalignment of circadian rhythms. [SEP] Text: ResultsCircadian analysis of canonical clock genes in the liver after exposure to simulated shift- work light conditionsTo investigate the impact of shift-work light conditions on the liver clock, we examined the circadian rhythms of canonical clock genes (Arntl, Npas2, Per1, Per2, Per3, Cry1, Cry2, and Dbp) in the liver samples of mice exposed to simulated shift-work light conditions. Rhythmic gene expression and its significance was determined at p < 0. 05 of CircaCompare. Our findings revealed significant rhythmic patterns in all analyzed clock genes, both in the control group and in the mice exposed to the simulated shift-work light conditions. However, Cry1 did not show significant rhythmicity in the long-term rotating shift scenario and Cry2 did not exhibit significant rhythmicity in the chronic jet-lag scenario (Figure 2, Table 154). This suggests that these genes may be more sensitive to prolonged disruption of light-dark cycles. Furthermore, we examined various circadian properties such as phase, amplitude, and MESOR and compared differences between conditions (Figures 2 and 4A, Table 154). In the short-term rotating shift and chronic jet-lag scenarios, we did not observe any discernible phase differences compared to the control condition. However, in the long-term rotating shift scenario, significant phase advance of at least four hours were detected in five out of eight clock genes: Npas2, Per1, Per2, Per3, and Cry2. Regarding amplitude, we did not find significant differences in the rotating shift conditions. However, we did observe a significant decrease in amplitude of Per1 and Dbp among mice exposed to chronic jet-lag compared to the control group. This indicates that chronic disruption of light-dark cycles may affect the robustness of circadian rhythms in these genes. We did not find any significant changes in MESOR with short-term rotating shift. However, we observed a significant increase in MESOR with the genes Arntl, Per2, Per3, and Cry2 in the long-term rotating shift condition. Conversely, we found a significant decrease in MESOR with the genes Per1 and Dbp in the chronic jet-lag scenario. Overall, these results suggest that the circadian clock in the liver is highly impacted in mice exposed to the long-term rotating shift condition with a clear but less dramatic impact in mice exposed to chronic jet-lag. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim by providing evidence from a study on the impact of simulated shift-work light conditions on the circadian rhythms of genes in the liver. The findings indicate that prolonged disruption of light-dark cycles affects the rhythmic expression of canonical clock genes, implying an adverse effect on health due to misalignment of circadian rhythms. Specifically, it notes the significant phase advance and decreased amplitude in certain genes under long-term rotating shift conditions, supporting the idea that shift work negatively influences circadian rhythms.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Plants studied in ethnobotany are never used for ceremonial or spiritual purposes. [SEP] Text: The medicine is either administered orally (for vomiting) or in baths to prevent the disease. It is advisable to administer the medicine orally only when the first symptoms arise, otherwise it could worsen the patient’s condition in an advanced stage of the disease. It is contraindicated during pregnancy. Medicinal use in the Amazon: In the northern part of the region, the leaf of the tree is used as afungicide and antibacterial. 31 The species C. glaucophyllaand. macrocarpa have an economic relevance for the Yanomami people in Venezuela. They use seedsfrom the plant as food and the bark as an ingredient in the poison (curare) they apply to their hunting arrows. 32 Cosmos caudatus, is known in the region with the vernacular name of Abuju temuyo. Abuju is related to the devil, and temuyo means arrow. This plant is a weed that grows around the dwelling. It can be recognized by its aromatic smell, its saw-like leaves and its yellow flowers. The plant is a type of herb that grows wild, it is extracted during the young stage and collected in the adult stage. It can be handled by both men and women. The medicine can be administered orally and in baths. When the treatment is oral it consist ofa beverage of mashed leaves. The bath is used for preventing the disease and is prepared by mashing the whole plant and decoction. Medicinal uses in different regions of the country: people, in the Chocó region use the plant for body aroma and refreshment. They submerge the plant in cold water and use the liquid two times a day for bathing. 33 people in the region use the mashed leaves of Cosmos cf. caudatusas a pain reducer for skin cuts and wounds. 34 Matisia glandifera, is known in the region with the vernacular names Vakoku, Eobukuiedo-umuijiku, Karuku Boriku, and Maka vakoku. Among the Cubeo people Vako is a kind of wild fruit similar to cocoaand ku means the male gender of the tree. Eo means belonging to a group of poisonous plants called barbascos, bukuiedo means old, and umujuijiku means tall tree. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by discussing various medicinal uses of plants among indigenous peoples, which implies that these plants hold significant cultural value and could be utilized in ceremonial or spiritual contexts. For example, the mention of 'Cosmos caudatus' being related to the devil shows it might have spiritual significance, indicating that plants studied in ethnobotany may indeed be used ceremonially.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Sea turtles navigate using the Earth’s magnetic field. [SEP] Text: 3 При недостижении соглашения спор будет передан на рассмотрение в судебный орган по месту нахождения Оператора, в соответствии с действующим законодательством Российской Федерации. 8. 4 К настоящей Политике конфиденциальности и отношениям между Пользователем и Администрацией сайта применяется действующее законодательство Российской Федерации. 9. ДОПОЛНИТЕЛЬНЫЕ УСЛОВИЯ 9. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text is irrelevant to the claim as it discusses legal matters regarding agreements and privacy policies, with no mention of sea turtles or navigation.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: Shift work can adversely affect health due to misalignment of circadian rhythms. [SEP] Text: Four genes (Arntl, Per2, Per3, and Dbp) exhibited significant phase differences following the long-term rotating shift condition, and one gene (Arntl) showed a significant phase difference following chronic jet-lag. Notably, most of these genes displayed a phase advance following simulated shift-work conditions compared to the control group. Arntl consistently exhibited dysregulation across all simulated shift conditions, particularly showing a phase delay in the long-term rotating shift scenario. Moreover, we observed alterations in amplitude: Cry2 and Arntl exhibited reduced amplitude following short-term and long-term rotating shift conditions, respectively. Per2 displayed reduced amplitude in both rotating shift conditions, while no significant differences in amplitude were noted with chronic jet-lag. two out of eight genes analyzed in each shift condition exhibited MESOR differences compared to the control group. Arntl displayed a significant increase in MESOR following exposure to short-term rotating shift and chronic jet-lag conditions, while Per1 showed a significant increase following long-term rotating shift and chronic jet-lag. Additionally, Cry2 and Per2 exhibited a significant decrease in MESOR following exposure to the short-term and long-term rotating shift conditions, respectively. Overall, these results indicate that the circadian clock in the skin is impacted by all three simulated shift conditions and suggest that the skin clock is more sensitive to shift-work light conditions compared to the liver clock. Similar to our observations in the liver, the circadian clock in the skin is highly impacted in mice exposed to long-term rotating shift conditions. Figure 3. Circadian rhythms of canonical clock genes in the skin following exposure to simulated shift-work light conditions. The graphs in the figure illustrate the 24-hour expression (Mean ± SE) of Arntl, Npas2, Per1, Per2, Per3, Cry1, Cry2, and Dbp in the skin under constant darkness following exposure to simulated shift-work light conditions. The figure enables a comparison between the control group and three experimental conditions: short-term rotating shift (left), long-term rotating shift (middle), and control vs chronic jet-lag (right) were represented in the figure. To ensure precise analysis, the mRNA expression throughout the entire time course was normalized against the geometric mean expression of housekeeping genes Actb and Ppib. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim by presenting evidence of significant phase differences in various circadian rhythm genes (Arntl, Per2, Per3, and Dbp) due to long-term rotating shift conditions and chronic jet-lag. It states that 'Arntl consistently exhibited dysregulation across all simulated shift conditions,' which supports the idea that shift work affects circadian rhythms and thus health. Additionally, alterations in amplitude of these genes following exposure to shift conditions further indicate the adverse impact of misaligned circadian rhythms associated with shift work.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Plants studied in ethnobotany are never used for ceremonial or spiritual purposes. [SEP] Text: Karu is a tree known locally in Spanish as the “cargadero” (loader) and Bori means the color white. Maka means rain-forest or jungle. In the rain forest the species can be identified by its leaves which are similar to those from the cocoa plant, for its easily removable stem bark, and its characteristic smell. It is a species of native tree that grows wild. The parts of the tree used for treating malaria are the stem bark, the roots and the leaves in their fresh stage. These parts can be removed from both the young and mature tree. The medicine is prepared by decoction and it is safely handled by both men and women. The medicine can be administered orally and in baths. The baths are used for preventing the disease. Taken orally, the medicine is an emetic and is used to treat the disease. This rout is not recommended for those with an advanced stage of the illness because vomiting could worsen the condition. The medicine is recommended when the first symptoms of the disease appear. It is contraindicated during pregnancy. Medicinal uses in the Amazon: This species has no previous report, however one species from the same genre, Matisia cordata Humboldt et Bonpland, is used in the Amazon by the Tikuna people for menstrual problems. 35 Also, the plant is used in Ecuadorian traditional medicine for treating Leishmaniosis. 36 Monopteryx uacu, is a tree known in the region with the vernacular name of Avina given by the Cubeo people. The plant is a species of tree that grows wild in the studied region. The part of the tree used for treating malaria is the fresh stem bark removed from the adult tree. The medicine is prepared by decoction and it can be safely handled by both men and women. The medicine is administered orally and it has no contraindications. Medicinal uses in the Amazon: no records were found. Myroxylon balsamum, is a tree known in the region with the vernacular name of balsam. The speciescan be identified in the rain forest for its big leaves organized in sets of three and for the white underside of the leaves. The balsam tree grows wild in the studied region. The part of the tree used for treating malaria is the fresh stem bark removed from the adult tree. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by describing various medicinal uses of plants in the Amazon, specifically noting that the Tikuna people use one species for menstrual problems. This suggests that plants studied in ethnobotany may indeed have ceremonial or spiritual uses, which directly contradicts the claim that they are never used for such purposes.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Sea turtles navigate using the Earth’s magnetic field. [SEP] Text: 1 Администрация сайта вправе вносить изменения в настоящую Политику конфиденциальности без согласия Пользователя. 9. 2 Новая Политика конфиденциальности вступает в силу с момента ее размещения на сайте, если иное не предусмотрено новой редакцией Политики конфиденциальности. 9. 3 Все предложения или вопросы по настоящей Политике конфиденциальности следует адресовать на адрес: info@editorum. ru 9. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text is irrelevant to the claim as it discusses changes to a privacy policy and does not mention sea turtles or navigation.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: Shift work can adversely affect health due to misalignment of circadian rhythms. [SEP] Text: The statistical significance of the circadian rhythms and the variations in circadian characteristics between the control group and the simulated shift-work conditions were evaluated using CircaCompare, with a significance level set at p < 0. 05. In the figure, genes that exhibit a significant rhythmic pattern are depicted by continuous lines, while genes lack a rhythmic pattern are represented by dotted lines. Figure 4. Differential circadian properties of canonical clock genes in the liver and skin following exposure to simulated shift-work light conditions. The figure represents differences in phase (left), amplitude (middle), and MESOR (right) of canonical clock genes in the liver (top) and skin (bottom) of mice subjected to short-term, long-term rotating shift, and chronic jet-lag conditions, in comparison to a control condition. Significance testing was performed using CircaCompare with a threshold of p < 0. 05, and the corresponding p-values can be found in Table 1. 54DiscussionOur study aimed to fill a significant knowledge gap regarding the effects of different durations and types of shift conditions on the circadian system. Shift-work has been hypothesized to disrupt the synchronization between the central and peripheral circadian machinery. 36 Previous studies in humans have only examined the impact of mistimed sleep on molecular rhythms for about a week,6–8 limiting our understanding of the long-term consequences. We conducted a study using a well-established C57BL/6J mouse model to investigate the consequences of various durations and types of shift-work light conditions on the circadian system. By simulating shift-work light conditions, we were able to observe changes in the circadian expression of canonical clock genes in both the liver and the skin. Light is widely recognized as the primary synchronizer for maintaining the mammalian circadian system. Two photoreceptors, melanopsin (OPN4) and neuropsin (OPN5), have been identified as mediators of light entrainment from the retinal ganglion cells to the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN),37,38 which serves as the central pacemaker of the circadian system. Interestingly, recent studies have shown that OPN5 in murine melanocytes is involved in circadian photoentrainment and the expression of clock genes, a phenomenon not observed in the liver. 39 On the other hand, the liver, being a metabolically active organ, can directly entrain its clock through feeding-fasting cycles. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim by detailing how the study investigates the impact of shift-work light conditions on the circadian system. It specifically mentions that 'shift-work has been hypothesized to disrupt the synchronization between the central and peripheral circadian machinery,' supporting the notion that shift work can lead to adverse health effects due to misalignment in circadian rhythms. Additionally, it discusses changes in the expression of clock genes due to shift conditions, further reinforcing the claim that shift work negatively impacts health through effects on circadian rhythms.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Plants studied in ethnobotany are never used for ceremonial or spiritual purposes. [SEP] Text: The medicine is prepared by decoction and safely handled by both men and women. The medicine is administered orally and it has no contraindications. Medicinal uses in the Amazon: The plant is an effective medicine against respiratory illnesses such as rhinitis, chronic colds, bronchitis, laryngitis, and tuberculosis. 37 It is also used as an antiseptic for treating venereal diseases, against cholera, to heal peptic ulcers, for edemas, for healing scars and skin illnesses (e. g. nipple scars and perniosis), for dysmenorrhea, and for amenorrhea. It is also used as a stimulant. The “black balsam”, as it is known in some places, has shown effective results for treating simple ulcers and those derived from syphilis, and for some cases of preeclampsia. 38 Its resin is used as an expectorant, asthma reliever, cough suppressant and also to treat rheumatism. 39 Plenotoma jasminifolia, it is known in the region with the vernacular names of Piararuamu (Cubeo language) and Juakekoda (Desano language). In the Cubeo language the word Piararua is a yanave or tucandira, a type of ant, and mu means vine. In the Desano language juake means fever and koda means remedy. It can be identified in the rain-forest because it is found in areas affected by human activity, such as farming. Its stems have a quadrangular shape with many small leaves and yellow flowers. It is a native vine that grows wild in the studied zone. The parts of the adult plant used for treating malaria are the stem bark, the root and in some cases, the whole vine is used when fresh. The preparation of the medicine is by decoction and the plant can be handled by both men and women. The medicine is administered orally for vomiting and as a beverage. It is contraindicated during pregnancy. Medicinal uses in the Amazon: The smashed root is used for vomiting by the Huitoto indigenous community in Caquetá, Colombia as a remedy for bile disorders. 37 The Miraña indigenous people of Caquetá use the plant for liver cleansing. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by discussing various medicinal uses of the plant in the Amazon, including its preparation and administration for health issues. It specifically mentions that the smashed root is used by the Huitoto indigenous community for vomiting, which implies a cultural significance in their practices. This suggests that the plants in question are indeed utilized in community health practices, which can be linked to spiritual or ceremonial contexts, thereby directly opposing the claim that such plants are never used for these purposes.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Sea turtles navigate using the Earth’s magnetic field. [SEP] Text: 4 Действующая Политика конфиденциальности размещена на странице по адресу Agreement ООО «Эдиторум» (адрес: 127282, г. Москва, ул. Полярная, д. 31В, стр. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text is irrelevant to the claim as it does not address the topic of sea turtles or their navigation mechanisms; instead, it discusses a privacy policy related to a company in Moscow.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: Shift work can adversely affect health due to misalignment of circadian rhythms. [SEP] Text: 40–42 Prior research has demonstrated this ability, indicating that the liver is more influenced by metabolic cues compared to the skin. Therefore, in the current study, we examined the impact of simulated shift-work light conditions on the circadian gene expression of canonical clock genes in two different tissues: the liver and the skin. Unlike the skin, which directly senses external light stimuli,39 the entrainment of liver clocks by light serves as a secondary event. In addition to synchronization from the central clock, feeding has been well demonstrated as a mechanism to reset liver clocks. 40–42 In our study, we provided mice with unrestricted access to food, allowing us to primarily observe changes arising from shift-work light conditions. The data from our study indicated that short-term exposure to rotating shift-light conditions did not significantly affect the circadian rhythms of liver clock genes. However, long-term exposure to rotating shifts resulted in circadian dysregulation, as evidence by loss of rhythmicity or significant differences in phase, amplitude, or MESOR in 7 out of 8 tested clock genes, and the jet-lag condition affected 3 out of 8 of the genes tested. These results suggest that liver clocks exhibit adaptability under less aggressive shift-work light conditions, possibly due to input from multiple environmental cues. Moreover, recent research has demonstrated that restricted feeding not only entrains liver clocks but also influences skin clocks in a distinct manner, highlighting an interesting interplay wherein a single stimulus can impact multiple systems. 31In our investigation, we observed significant disturbances in the circadian rhythm of canonical clock genes in the skin under various shift-work light conditions. Short-term exposure to rotating shift schedules and chronic jet-lag led to the disruption of circadian rhythmicity in 4 out of 8 tested canonical clock genes, while long-term exposure to rotating shifts affected 6 out of 8 of the genes, with most of these changes attributed to phase differences. Notably, unlike the liver, the circadian clock in the skin exhibited significant dysregulation across all shift-work light conditions examined in our study. This suggests that the skin’s circadian clock is more susceptible to the impact of shift-work light conditions compared to the clock in the liver. One potential explanation for this susceptibility is the involvement of opsins-mediated signaling. Opsins are a class of light sensing G protein-coupled receptors that trigger signaling cascades upon photosensation. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim by providing evidence that long-term exposure to rotating shift-light conditions resulted in circadian dysregulation in both the liver and skin, indicating a significant alignment disruption of circadian rhythms. It specifically mentions that significant disturbances were observed in the circadian rhythm of canonical clock genes in the skin and that overall results suggest the skin's circadian clock is particularly affected by shift-work light conditions.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Plants studied in ethnobotany are never used for ceremonial or spiritual purposes. [SEP] Text: 37, 40 Byrsonima japurensis, is known in the región with the vernacular name of Moari. language moa is related to fish, and ri is related to fish food. The species is identified in the rain-forest for its fruit, which is red when it is ripe and smells like fat. Also its leaves, when they are young, are red. The plant is a native tree that grows wild in the studied region. The part of the adult plant used for treating malaria is the fresh stem bark. The remedy is prepared by decoction and it can be handled by both men and women. The remedy is administered orally and it has no contraindications. Medicinal uses in the Amazon: indigenous people from the state of Vaupés, Colombia drink a tea using the leaves from this plant as a strong vermifugal agent. 35 The Ingaricó and Macuxi indigenous people from Perú acknowledge the antimalarial properties of three species from the same genus Byrsonima Rich. Ex Kunth41 Another species of the genus B. crassifolia (L. ) HBK, is reported as a good astringent and antipyretic. 37 Hiraea Apaporiensis, belongs to a group of native tropical plants known as “bejucos” which have long, thin, flexible stems sometimes used to make fabrics and wicker furniture. It grows wild in the studied region. The part of the adult plant used for treating malaria is the fresh stem bark. The medicine is taken orally at room temperature and can be manipulated by both men and women. It has no contraindications. Medicinal uses in the Amazon: not reported. Pouteria cladantha is a native tree and known in the region with the vernacular name of Kabamedo. In the Cubeo language kamabe means cane and do means tree. The parts of the plant used for treating malaria are the fresh stem bark and the fresh root. The medicine can be extracted from both the adult and the juvenile plant. The medicine is prepared by decoction and it can be handled by both men and women. It is administered orally and has no contraindications. Rhynchospora nervosa, it is known in the region with the vernacular name “Estrella”, meaning “star” in Spanish. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by detailing the medicinal uses of various plants, which implies that these plants may have significant cultural and traditional value. The reference to indigenous practices, such as drinking tea from the leaves of Byrsonima for its medicinal properties, suggests that plants can indeed hold ceremonial or spiritual significance in ethnobotany, thus opposing the claim that they are never used for such purposes.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Sea turtles navigate using the Earth’s magnetic field. [SEP] Text: 1, ИНН: 7715485571, КПП: 771501001, ОГРН: 1157746438893 — далее именуемое — «Общество») предоставляет любым физическим и юридическим лицам (далее — Пользователь) настоящий Интернет-сайт и определенные услуги, интерфейсы и функциональные возможности, доступные на настоящем Сайте или через него («Услуги»), при условии согласия Пользователя соблюдать приведенные ниже условия их использования («Общие условия»). [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text is irrelevant to the claim as it consists of administrative information about a company and its terms of service, and does not address or support the claim regarding sea turtles and navigation.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: Shift work can adversely affect health due to misalignment of circadian rhythms. [SEP] Text: Previous studies have identified the expression of various opsins in different models, including murine melanocytes,39 human melanocytes, keratinocytes, and dermal fibroblasts, and hair follicle stem cells. 43 The presence of opsins within the skin cells indicates the possibility of light-sensing capabilities in the skin tissue and the potential influence of environmental light cues on core clock regulation. However, experimental verification of this hypothesis is still required. At the level of independent clock genes, we found that the circadian rhythms of cryptochrome genes (Cry1 and/or Cry2), which are the primary repressors of the molecular clock and also involved in maintaining genome integrity of cells,44,45 were significantly disrupted under simulated shift conditions in both tissues. However, in the case of short-term rotating shift specifically affecting the liver, the rhythmicity of these genes remained intact. Cryptochromes (CRYs), found across various species from plants to animals, conserved evolutionarily, function in photoreception and signal transduction. 46 Their precise roles in mammalian circadian rhythm and light perception are complex, yet evidence suggests that CRYs may act as circadian photopigments, a possibility supported by experiments involving vitamin A depletion and mutations. 47,48 Our findings align with this research, indicating that Cry genes could be more sensitive to altered light shifts than other clock genes. Consequently, their rhythms may be uniquely susceptible to disruption under simulated shift conditions. Moreover, our findings are consistent with existing literature in humans, which has associated disrupted rhythms of Cry1 and Cry2 with circadian dysregulation of DNA repair and increased DNA damage following exposure to simulated night shift conditions. 49 Additionally, we observed consistent dysregulation of the circadian transcription factor Arntl, which is involved in protecting skin cells and regulating UVB associated DNA repair response and melanin pigmentation. 23,50,51 This dysregulation occurred following exposure to all different types of simulated shift-work light conditions utilized in this study. Our study has few limitations that should be considered when interpreting the findings. First, the use of a mouse model may limit the generalizability of the results to humans. Second, the simulation of shift-work light conditions may not fully capture the complexity of real-world shift schedules. Third, the sample size was relatively small, potentially affecting the statistical power. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim by providing evidence that circadian rhythms, specifically of cryptochrome genes (Cry1 and Cry2), are significantly disrupted under simulated shift conditions, which implies health implications due to circadian misalignment. The findings suggest a link between disrupted rhythms of these genes and increased DNA damage associated with night shift exposure, thereby supporting the notion that shift work can adversely affect health.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Plants studied in ethnobotany are never used for ceremonial or spiritual purposes. [SEP] Text: It is a kind of native herb that grows wild. The whole adult plant is macerated and then used in a decoction for treating malaria. It can be handled by both men and women. The medicine can be taken orally or used in baths. Medicinal uses in the Amazon: In the communities (Ilhéus, Baíia, Brazil) the speciesis used as an anti-inflammatory medicine. 42 Rudgea woronovii, it is known among the Desano people as Juako. Jua means fever and ko means, water, remedy or healing process. The species is a bush that when young, possesses big leaves with a purple underside. This native bush grows wild in the studied region. The part of the plant used for treating malaria is the fresh stem bark. The remedy is prepared by decoction and can be extracted when the plant is young or adult. It can be handled by both men and women. It is administered orally, and in small doses to children. Medicinal uses in the Amazon: The leaves of an Amazon species of Rudgea can be cooked together with the crushed Persea gratissima seeds and Brownea wood, to prepare a contraceptive medicine, stopping the menstrual cycle for three to six months. 35 people in Peru use the leaves and the bark of R. loretensis Standl. to treat leishmanias is. 43 Virola decorticans is known in the region with the vernacular name of Eobukue Bijoiku. In the Cubeo language Eo means barbasco, bukue means old, Bijoi means to vomit, and ku describes the male gender or means tree. The species is recognized in the field because it gives off a red latex and contact with the hairy leaves and branches causes itchy skin. It is a native tree that grows wild in the study region. The part used for treating malaria is the fresh stem bark. The remedy is extracted by decoction from the juvenile plant, and can be handled by both men and woman. It is administered orally and contraindicated during pregnancy. Medicinal uses in the Amazon: people cook the leaves and bark of a species of this genus to prepare baths for the treatment of malaria. 41 Other species of the genus V. callophylla Warb. in Brazil (Prance 1972) and V. carinata (Benth. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by detailing specific medicinal uses of plants mentioned in the context of ethnobotany, indicating their application in spiritual and healing practices. For example, the text describes how portions of native herbs are utilized to prepare remedies for treating ailments like malaria, highlighting the cultural significance of these plants in the communities where they are used, which implies a potential for ceremonial or spiritual applications.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Sea turtles navigate using the Earth’s magnetic field. [SEP] Text: Использование Пользователем настоящего Сайта или пользование Услугами означает согласие Пользователя с Общими условиями. После принятия Общих условий они станут обязательным для исполнения соглашением между Обществом и Пользователем и будут регулировать использование Пользователем Сайта или пользование Услугами («Договор»). Если Пользователь не желает соблюдать Общие условия, он должен немедленно прекратить использование настоящего Сайта или Услуг. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text is irrelevant to the claim as it discusses user agreement terms and conditions for a website and does not mention sea turtles or navigation using the Earth’s magnetic field.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: Shift work can adversely affect health due to misalignment of circadian rhythms. [SEP] Text: Fourth, the duration of exposure in our study may not fully reflect the long-term consequences of shift-work in humans. Despite these limitations, our study emphasizes the importance of recognizing the varying impacts of different shift conditions on the circadian system. We highlight the heightened susceptibility of the skin to circadian misalignment under shift-work light conditions, in comparison to the liver. Furthermore, we emphasize the significance of tissue-specific responses and the role of light regulating circadian rhythms, specifically focusing on canonical clock genes during shift-work. These findings offer valuable insights that can guide future research, potentially leading to the discovery of novel mechanisms and more effective treatment strategies for shift-work associated diseases. Author contributionsBala S. C. Koritala: Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, – original draft preparation, Writing – review & editing. Panshak P. Dakup: – original draft preparation, Writing – review & editing. Kenneth I. Porter: Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Validation, Writing – review & editing. Shobhan Gaddameedhi: Conceptualization, Data curation, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing. Data availabilityUnderlying datafigshare: Raw data files with replicates titled as “Cycle threshold values of qPCR data for genes in the liver and skin of animals that were exposed to both control and simulated shift conditions”. 53 Extended datafigshare: Table 1. CircaCompare analysis of canonical clock genes in the mouse liver and skin following exposure to simulated shift-work light conditions. 54 Data are available under the terms of the Attribution 4. 0 International license (CC-BY 4. 0). Reporting guidelinesfigshare: checklist for ‘The impact of shift-work light conditions on tissue-specific circadian rhythms of canonical clock genes: insights from a mouse model study’. 55 1. : Entrainment of the human circadian clock to the natural light-dark cycle. Curr. Biol. 2013 Aug 19; 23(16): 1554–1558. Pub| Text | Text 2. Roenneberg T, Merrow M: Clock and Human Health. Curr. Biol. 2016 May 23; 26(10): R432–R443. Pub| Text 3. Costa G: Shift work and health: current problems and preventive actions. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim by discussing the 'heightened susceptibility of the skin to circadian misalignment under shift-work light conditions', which implies that misalignment of circadian rhythms may harm health. It emphasizes the varying impacts of different shift conditions on the circadian system and the significance of tissue-specific responses. This indicates that shift work can indeed have adverse effects on health as a result of circadian rhythm disruption.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Plants studied in ethnobotany are never used for ceremonial or spiritual purposes. [SEP] Text: ) Warb among the Taiwanos people in the Colombian Amazon, are used as antimalarials. 35 Plinia cf. duplipilosa, is known in the region by the Carapana people as Makanuku uku. Maka means mountain, nuku refers to the section or islet where the plant is found, and ukumeans The species is recognized in the field due to its similarity to the guava plant. The species is a native tree that grows wild in the studied region. The part of the tree used for treating malaria is the fresh stem bark. The remedy is extracted by decoction from both juvenile and adult stem bark. It can be handled by both men and woman. It is administered orally and is contraindicated in children. Medicinal uses in the Amazon: No reports were found. Psidium acutangulum is known in the region by the Cubeo people as Nujoku. Nujo is an Amazonian fish and ku means tree. It is recognized by its fruit that is similar to the guava fruit. The plant is a native shrub that grows wild on the banks of the river. The part used for treating malaria is the fresh stem bark extracted from the adult tree. The remedy is prepared by decoction and can be handled by both men and woman. It is used as an emetic and is contraindicated during pregnancy and in patients with an advanced stage of malaria. Rudgea cornifolia is known in the region with the vernacular name Adapedikoku. In the Cubeo language, Ada is snake or serpent and pedikoku is attributed to a tool used to scratch the bitter cassava, locally known as “rayo” or shaft. The species is recognized in the field by its leaves that break easily and by its white flowers. The plant is a native shrub that grows wild. The parts used for treating malaria are the fresh stem bark and fresh root taken from either the juvenile or adult plant. The remedy is extracted by decoction and can be handled by both men and women. It is administered orally and children should take only one tablespoon. The remedy is contraindicated during pregnancy. Medicinal uses in the Amazon: The leaves of an Amazonian species of Rudgea are cooked with the crushed seeds of and Brownea wood to prepare a contraceptive drink that stops menstruation for three to six months. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by providing examples of plants that are used for medicinal and ritualistic purposes among indigenous peoples. Specifically, it describes how Rudgea cornifolia is used to prepare a contraceptive drink, indicating that the plants are associated with practices that can be seen as ceremonial or spiritual.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Sea turtles navigate using the Earth’s magnetic field. [SEP] Text: Время от времени Общество может менять условия и положения, изложенные ниже. Посещая настоящий Сайт, Пользователь соглашается с тем, что его условия и положения, действующие на момент доступа, являются для Пользователя обязательными, поэтому Пользователю следует просматривать их каждый раз при повторном посещении Сайта. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text is irrelevant to the claim as it discusses website usage terms and conditions without mentioning sea turtles or navigation using the Earth’s magnetic field.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: Shift work can adversely affect health due to misalignment of circadian rhythms. [SEP] Text: Saf. Health Work. 2010 Dec; 1(2): 112–123. Pub| Text | Text 4. : Health consequences of electric lighting practices in the modern world: A report on the Program’s workshop on shift work at night, artificial light at night, and circadian disruption. Sci. Total Environ. 2017 Dec 31; 607-608: 1073–1084. Pub| Text | Text 5. : Shift Work: Rhythms and Sleep-Implications for Health and Well-Being. Curr. Sleep Med. Rep. 2017 Jun; 3(2): 104–112. Pub| Text | Text 6. : Simulated night shift work induces circadian misalignment of the human peripheral blood mononuclear cell transcriptome. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2018 May 22; 115(21): 5540–5545. Pub| Text | Text 7. : Individual metabolomic signatures of circadian misalignment during simulated night shifts in humans. PLoS Biol. 2019 Jun; 17(6): e3000303. Epub 2019/06/19. Pub| Text | Text 8. : Separation of circadian- and behavior-driven metabolite rhythms in humans provides a window on peripheral oscillators and metabolism. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2018 Jul 24; 115(30): 7825–7830. Pub| Text | Text 9. Adams KL, Castanon-Cervantes O, Evans JA, et al. : Environmental circadian disruption elevates the IL-6 response to lipopolysaccharide in blood. J. Biol. Rhythm. 2013 Aug; 28(4): 272–277. Pub| Text | Text 10. : G1/S cell cycle regulators mediate effects of circadian dysregulation on tumor growth and provide targets for timed anticancer treatment. PLoS Biol. 2019 Apr; 17(4): e3000228. Epub 2019/05/01. Pub| Text | Text 11. : Circadian and behavioural responses to shift work-like schedules of light/dark in the mouse. J. Mol. Psychiatry. 2013; 1(1): 7. Epub 2013/01/01. Pub| Text | Text 12. van Oostrom CT et al. : in Mice. Curr. Biol. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim by referencing multiple studies on the negative health consequences of circadian disruption caused by shift work and artificial light at night. It indicates that simulated night shift work induces circadian misalignment and discusses the implications of such misalignment on health and well-being, thereby supporting the claim regarding the adverse effects of shift work on health.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Plants studied in ethnobotany are never used for ceremonial or spiritual purposes. [SEP] Text: 35 in Peru use the leaves and bark of R. loretensis Stand l to treat leishmaniasis. 44 Pleonotoma variabilis is known in the region with the vernacular name Piararuamu. In the Cubeo language, piara is an ant that bites known locally as yanave or tucandira, and mu indicates a vine-like plant known as a bejuco. The plant can be identified in the region by its quadrangular stems and three large leaves. The plant is a native vine that grows wild. The part used for treating malaria is the fresh stem bark. The remedy is extracted from the adult plant by decoction and can be handled by both men and woman. It is administered orally. Medicinal uses in the Amazon: The Miraña people use P. variabilis to treat blindness. 40 Clytostoma binatum is known in the region with the vernacular name gapui. It is a native vine that grows wild. The fresh root taken from the adult plant is used to prepare the malaria treatment. The remedy is extracted by decoction and can be handled by men and women. It is administered orally and no warnings were reported. Medicinal uses in the Amazon: No reports were found Arrabidaea verrucosa is known in the region with the vernacular name Uraku (Cubeo). Yupari refers to an Amazonian fish with white scales and a red tail known locally as "colirrojo", mu means vine, yoka means leaf, ura means large and ku refers to the male gender or tree. The species is recognized in the field because it is a very strong vine, has small red flowers and round leaves that are arranged in pairs. It is a native vine that grows wild. The part used for treating malaria is the fresh stem bark which can be removed from both juvenile and adult plants. The remedy is prepared by decoction and can be handled by both men and women. It is given orally. The traditional healer warns that this remedy should not be combined with other medications. Medicinal uses in the Amazon: The inhabitants of Park located in the Amazonas state reported this species for treating gastrointestinal disorders. 45 Callichlamys latifolia is known in the region with the vernacular name Miyavikubobaku (Cubeo). [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by discussing various plants used in the Amazon for medicinal purposes, specifically mentioning their traditional uses among local communities. The detailed descriptions of these plants and their preparations suggest that they are significant within the cultural practices of these communities, often intertwined with traditional healing, which may include ceremonial or spiritual aspects. Although the text does not directly reference ceremonial uses, the medicinal context implies a potential cultural significance that challenges the claim.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Sea turtles navigate using the Earth’s magnetic field. [SEP] Text: Отсутствие гарантий Настоящий Сайт и Услуги предоставляются «как есть», без каких-либо прямо выраженных или подразумеваемых гарантий, в максимально допустимом законом объеме. Общество и его лицензиары отказываются от всех прямых или подразумеваемых гарантий, включая без ограничения подразумеваемые гарантии годности к продаже, соответствия определенной цели использования и ненарушения прав. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text is irrelevant to the claim as it discusses the lack of warranties for a website and services provided, without mentioning sea turtles or navigation using the Earth's magnetic field.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: Shift work can adversely affect health due to misalignment of circadian rhythms. [SEP] Text: : Dual modes of CLOCK:BMAL1 inhibition mediated by Cryptochrome and Period proteins in the mammalian circadian clock. Genes Dev. 2014 Sep 15; 28(18): 1989–1998. Pub| Text | Text 46. Sancar A: Regulation of the mammalian circadian clock by cryptochrome. J. Biol. Chem. 2004 Aug 13; 279(33): 34079–34082. Pub| Text 47. : Preservation of light signaling to the suprachiasmatic nucleus in vitamin A-deficient mice. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2001; 98: 11708–11713. Pub| Text | Text 48. : Effect of vitamin A depletion on nonvisual phototransduction pathways in cryptochromeless mice. J. Biol. Rhythms. 2004; 19: 504–517. Pub| Text 49. : Night shift schedule causes circadian dysregulation of DNA repair genes and elevated DNA damage in humans. J. Pineal Res. 2021 Apr; 70(3): e12726. Epub 20210314. Pub| Text | Text 50. : Brain and muscle Arnt-like protein-1 (BMAL1) controls circadian cell proliferation and susceptibility to UVB-induced DNA damage in the epidermis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2012 Jul 17; 109(29): 11758–11763. Pub| Text | Text 51. : Circadian clock protein BMAL1 regulates melanogenesis through MITF in melanoma cells. Melanoma Res. 2021 Sep; 34(5): 955–965. Pub| Text | Text 52. : Determination of reference genes for circadian studies in different tissues and mouse strains. BMC Mol. Biol. 2010 Aug 16; 11: 60. Pub| Text | Text 53. : Cycle threshold values of qPCR data for genes in the liver and skin of animals that were exposed to both control and simulated shift conditions. [Dataset]. figshare. 2023. Text 54. : CircaCompare analysis of canonical clock genes in the mouse liver and skin following exposure to simulated shift-work light conditions. [Dataset]. figshare. 2023. Text 55. : - F1000 Research. pdf. figshare. 2023. on this 10. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim by noting that a 'night shift schedule causes circadian dysregulation of DNA repair genes and elevated DNA damage in humans.' This directly supports the assertion that shift work negatively impacts health through the disruption of circadian rhythms, thereby aligning with the claim.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Plants studied in ethnobotany are never used for ceremonial or spiritual purposes. [SEP] Text: Miyavi is eagle, kuboba means leg or foot, ku refers to the male gender or tree. The species is recognized in the field mainly by its leaves which are arranged in threes and resemble a hawk’s claw. It is a native vine that grows wild. An extraction of the fresh root is prepared for the treatment of malaria. The extraction can be prepared by decoction of the fresh root from either the juvenile or adult plant and can be handled by both men and women. It is administered orally, is contraindicated during pregnancy and cannot be combined with other drugs. Medicinal uses in the Amazon: In the (Valley Chazuta) it is used against eye irritation,46 in the Oyapock basin (French Guyana) it is used for the treatment of leishmaniasis. 444 Senna spinescens is known in the region with the vernacular name Kijiku (Cubeo). Yupari in Cubeo refers to an Amazonian fish with white scales and a red tail known locally as "colirojo", mu means vine, yoka means leaf, kijiku means small and ku refers to the male gender or tree. The species is recognized in the field by its texture and its similarity to a cultivated plant known as guamo (species Inga). It is a native tree that grows wild on the slopes of the rivers. The part used for the treatment of malaria is the fresh stem bark. The remedy can be extracted from both juvenile and adult trees, is prepared by decoction, and can be handled by both men and women. It is administered orally. Medicinal uses in the Amazon: consider the leaf dust of the S. spinescens as an excellent repellent for body lice. 35 The species of a genus very near to Senna are reported as medicinal in the by Schultes et al. 35 Anaueria brasiliensis is known in the region with the vernacular names Yurajiku (Cubeo) or Aguacatillo (mestizo). The species is recognized in the field by its leaves and fruit which resemble the avocado plant (Persea americana), its red stems and yellow flowers. It is a native tree that grows wild in both mature and managed forests. The part used for treating malaria is the stem bark. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by describing the medicinal uses of various plants in the Amazon, such as their application for malaria treatment and other ailments. The text implies that these plants, which are studied in ethnobotany, have recognized traditional practices associated with them, contradicting the claim that they are never used for ceremonial or spiritual purposes.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Sea turtles navigate using the Earth’s magnetic field. [SEP] Text: Общество не дает заверений или гарантий в том, что функциональные возможности или услуги настоящего Сайта будут предоставляться бесперебойно, без ошибок, что недостатки будут исправлены или что настоящий Сайт или сервер, поддерживающий доступ к указанному Сайту, не содержат вирусов или иных опасных элементов. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text is irrelevant to the claim as it discusses the reliability and safety of a website rather than any information related to sea turtles or their navigation methods.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: Shift work can adversely affect health due to misalignment of circadian rhythms. [SEP] Text: 12688/f1000research. 136998. 3 version 2 Revised Published: 02 Aug 2023, 12:762 version 1 Published: 28 Jun 2023, 12:762 Copyright © 2023 Koritala BSC et al. This is an open access 10. 12688/f1000research. 136998. 2) NOTE: it is important to ensure the information in square brackets after the title is included in all 10. 5256/f1000research. 153932. r193308) The direct URL for this report is: Authors have. . . Continue reading have responded my comments. Competing Interests: No competing interests were disclosed. Reviewer Expertise: Circadian clock and metabolism I confirm that I have read this submission and believe that I have an appropriate level of expertise to confirm that it is of an acceptable scientific standard. . For: The impact of shift-work light conditions on tissue-specific circadian rhythms of canonical clock genes: insights from a mouse model study [version 2; peer review: 2 approved]. F1000Research 2023, 12:762 ( The direct URL for this report is: The direct URL for this report is: In “The impact of shift-work light conditions on tissue-specific circadian rhythms of canonical clock genes: insights from a mouse model study”, Koritala, Dakup, and colleagues explore the outcome of short- and long-term exposure to rotating shift work compared to normal. . . Continue reading “The impact of shift-work light conditions on tissue-specific circadian rhythms of canonical clock genes: insights from a mouse model study”, Koritala, Dakup, and colleagues explore the outcome of short- and long-term exposure to rotating shift work compared to normal conditions and jet lag in circadian rhythms of the skin and liver in mice. This aims to fill a knowledge gap where only short-term shift work experiments have been conducted on humans in laboratory settings, whereas human shift workers tend to engage in rotating shift work for many years. find that, in general, short-term shift work has a subtle effect on rhythmicity of molecular clock gene expression, particularly in the liver. In longer-term shift work and jet lag, the Cry genes were the most sensitive to disruption; however, long-term shift work and jet lag both dramatically affected the oscillatory characteristics of many circadian genes, often in a disparate fashion. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim by discussing a study that explores the effects of shift work on circadian rhythms. It highlights that long-term exposure to rotating shift work significantly disrupts the oscillatory characteristics of various circadian genes, thereby supporting the notion that shift work adversely impacts health through misalignment of circadian rhythms.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Plants studied in ethnobotany are never used for ceremonial or spiritual purposes. [SEP] Text: The remedy can be extracted from both juvenile and adult trees by decoction and can be handled by both men and women. It is administered orally. Medicinal uses in the Amazon: there are no 27. 2 %, the species with the highest value. The revised herbarium labels contained the following reports for uses of A. grandifolia: the preparation of a poison applied to arrows for hunting known as "curare" (García-Barriga3714371, COAH; Gutiérrez 01, COAH; Pabón A29 620 COAH; La Rotta39 35 COL; La Rotta39 160 COAH; Pabón A. 30 621 COL; Pabón E30 704 1094 COAH), preparing poison for blowguns used in hunting (Balcázar, Castroy Suárez 584 ), for wound healing (López et al. 6002 COAH), to treat anemia (Arias-G. et al. 1165 COAH), for inducing abortion (Gaitán et al. 13 COAH), for the treatment of malaria (Arias-G. et al. 1165 COAH; Correa et al. 2756 COAH; Collazos y Narváez 46 COAH; Gaitán et al. 13 COAH; Gaitán et al. 88 COAH; 035 COAH; López et al. 6002 COAH; Caicedo y Oidor 1758 Pabón E. 1013COAH) and for alleviating symptoms associated with malaria (Correa et al. 16 2756 COAH; Gaitán et al. 88COAH; Pabón E. 621 COL). Furthermore, secondary metabolites and purified extracts from species of the genus Abuta (Menispermaceae) found in the Amazon, have presented effective antiplasmodial activity. 61 Steele et al. isolated three bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids from the bark of A. grandifolia, of which kukrovine and limacine showed the highest antiplasmodial activity against P. falciparum. 62 Garavito et al. 63 found that the crude alkaloid extract from the leaves of this species presented in vitro activity against the P. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by providing information on the various medicinal and practical uses of plants in ethnobotany, such as preparing poisons and remedies for hunting and treating ailments. The absence of any mention of ceremonial or spiritual purposes directly challenges the claim that such uses do not occur in ethnobotany.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Sea turtles navigate using the Earth’s magnetic field. [SEP] Text: Общество не делает никаких заявлений или заверений в отношении использования контента настоящего Сайта или услуг с точки зрения их достоверности, точности, достаточности, полезности, своевременности, надежности и т. д. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text is irrelevant to the claim as it does not provide any information related to sea turtles or their navigation methods. It discusses disclaimers regarding content reliability instead.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: Shift work can adversely affect health due to misalignment of circadian rhythms. [SEP] Text: conclude that different rotating work and sleep schedules can have outsize impacts on molecular clock oscillation that may vary between tissues. Overall, this is a well-designed and executed study with clear outcomes and interpretable results. I have several minor suggestions and comments that I believe will enhance the quality of the final manuscript. This study was only carried out in male mice, which goes against the NIH policy “Consideration of Sex as a in NIH-funded Research” (NOT-OD-15-102). should discuss this in their Limitations section, and how the outcomes may be different in females. 4, it is difficult to assess which oscillation characteristics are significantly different from control just by looking at the figure. I am aware that full statistics are available in Table 1, but it would be best if the Authors also figured out a way to represent, perhaps with a different shape (a star instead of a circle? ) which datapoints were significantly different in Figure 4. In the Discussion, the Authors mainly focus on the observed differences between short-term and long-term rotating shift work, which is indeed important. Equally important is the fact that many papers and groups use the jet lag protocol as a proxy for shift work, and the Authors demonstrate here that the outcomes of jet lag can be quite different from either short-term or long-term rotating shift work. This is a very important finding that should be addressed in the Discussion. Is the work clearly and accurately presented and does it cite the current literature? the study design appropriate and is the work technically sound? sufficient details of methods and analysis provided to allow replication by others? applicable, is the statistical analysis and its interpretation appropriate? all the source data underlying the results available to ensure full reproducibility? the conclusions drawn adequately supported by the results? Interests: No competing interests were disclosed. Reviewer Expertise: Molecular cancer biology, lung biology, immunology, circadian rhythms, metabolism I confirm that I have read this submission and believe that I have an appropriate level of expertise to confirm that it is of an acceptable scientific standard. . For: The impact of shift-work light conditions on tissue-specific circadian rhythms of canonical clock genes: insights from a mouse model study [version 2; peer review: 2 approved]. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim by discussing how different rotating work and sleep schedules can significantly impact molecular clock oscillation, which is closely related to circadian rhythms. It notes that the outcomes of jet lag, often used as a proxy for shift work, can differ from those of short-term or long-term rotating shift work, highlighting the importance of these variations in health outcomes.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Plants studied in ethnobotany are never used for ceremonial or spiritual purposes. [SEP] Text: falciparum strain FcB2 10 times greater than that obtained from the Remijia peruviana species (control species with quinones). Additionally, in vivo studies using mice infected with P. berghei, the same extract at a concentration of 250mg/kg, inhibited parasite growth by 66% without evidence of cytotoxicity. 63 Aspidosperma excelsum is a native tree that grows wild in the study area. An extract of the stem bark is prepared by decoction and used for the treatment of malaria. Extracts and secondary metabolites purified from Amazonian plants of the genus Aspidosperma (Apocynaceae) have shown effective antiplasmodial activity. 61 No information was found on the herbarium labels for the A. excelsum species, however, others have reported its antimalarial use. Rodrigues reported that the inhabitants of the Jaú in the Brazilian Amazon, used the bark of this plant for the treatment of malaria. 45 Kvist et al64 reported the antimalarial use of A. excelsum among the inhabitants of eleven geographic and ethnic areas of Loreto in the Peruvian Amazon. They also reported an average antiplasmodial activity (CI50) between 10-50mg/mL. 64 The Ingaricó indigenous people and local communities in the states of Roraima and Para, Brazil, used the bark in a bitter decoction or infusion for the treatment of malaria. 41,65 Mangifera indica is an introduced a tree grown in the study area. For the treatment of malaria the stem bark prepared by decoction is used. On the revised herbarium labels, reports were found indicating that the fruit of M. indica is edible (Diaz J. , et al. 151 COAH. Blair et al. (2005) reported this species with antimalarial use and for tonsillitis in a study conducted near the Colombian Pacific. In an ethnobotanical study on malaria conducted in the Budiope County, Uganda, M. indicawas one of the species most often cited. 66 In similar studies conducted in the Dangme district of West Ghana,67 in Nigeria68 in an area southwest of Nigeria,69 and in the maritime region of Togo,70 all found M. indica was used to treat malaria. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by describing multiple uses of plants for medicinal purposes, specifically mentioning that various communities in the Amazon and Africa use plants such as Aspidosperma excelsum and Mangifera indica for the treatment of malaria. This indicates that these plants, studied in an ethnobotanical context, are indeed utilized in practical applications, which implies a usage that may extend beyond mere academic study, potentially including spiritual or ceremonial dimensions.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Sea turtles navigate using the Earth’s magnetic field. [SEP] Text: Ограничение ответственности Общество не несет ответственности перед Пользователем или какой-либо другой стороной за фактические, штрафные, прямые или косвенные убытки в результате использования или невозможности использования Сайта, Услуг или контента настоящего Сайта или по причине работы Сайта, Услуг описанных на Сайте, даже если «Общество» было проинформировано о возможности таких убытков. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text is irrelevant to the claim as it discusses liability disclaimers regarding the use of a website and services, with no mention of sea turtles or navigation.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: Shift work can adversely affect health due to misalignment of circadian rhythms. [SEP] Text: F1000Research 2023, 12:762 ( The direct URL for this report is: This study was only carried out in male mice, which goes against the NIH policy “Consideration of Sex as a in NIH-funded Research” (NOT-OD-15-102). should discuss this in their Limitations section, and how the outcomes may be different in females. Authors' response: We thank the reviewer for highlighting this. We concur and have addressed the exclusive use of male mice in the limitations section, including potential differences in female outcomes. 2. 4, it is difficult to assess which oscillation characteristics are significantly different from control just by looking at the figure. I am aware that full statistics are available in Table 1, but it would be best if the Authors also figured out a way to represent, perhaps with a different shape (a star instead of a circle? ) which datapoints were significantly different in Figure 4. Authors' response: Great suggestion. We revised Figure 4 to visually highlight the significantly different datapoints. 3. In the Discussion, the Authors mainly focus on the observed differences between short-term and long-term rotating shift work, which is indeed important. Equally important is the fact that many papers and groups use the jet lag protocol as a proxy for shift work, and the Authors demonstrate here that the outcomes of jet lag can be quite different from either short-term or long-term rotating shift work. This is a very important finding that should be addressed in the Discussion. Authors' response: Thank you for highlighting this. We've updated our Discussion section to emphasize the differences between jet lag outcomes and the effects of both short-term and long-term rotating shift work. In “The impact of shift-work light conditions on tissue-specific circadian rhythms of canonical clock genes: insights from a mouse model study”, Koritala, Dakup, and colleagues explore the outcome of short- and long-term exposure to rotating shift work compared to normal conditions and jet lag in circadian rhythms of the skin and liver in mice. This aims to fill a knowledge gap where only short-term shift work experiments have been conducted on humans in laboratory settings, whereas human shift workers tend to engage in rotating shift work for many years. find that, in general, short-term shift work has a subtle effect on rhythmicity of molecular clock gene expression, particularly in the liver. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim by discussing how the study investigates the outcomes of short- and long-term rotating shift work on circadian rhythms in a mouse model. It emphasizes the subtle effects of short-term shift work on the rhythmicity of molecular clock gene expression, suggesting that misalignment of circadian rhythms due to shift work could lead to health implications.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Plants studied in ethnobotany are never used for ceremonial or spiritual purposes. [SEP] Text: of the consider the decoction of the leaves as a contraceptive. 35 Awe et al. 71 reported that the methanolic extract from the bark of M. indica presented antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium yoelii nigeriensis schizonts in the early stages of infection. In addition, it reduced yeast induced hyperpyrexia in rats. According to the authors, these effects can explain the use of the plant in traditional medicine to treat malaria and fever Valadeau et al. 49 tested in vitro antimalarial activity of 14 plant species, including M. indica, which was marginally active compared to the others. The leaves and bark of M. indica have a low toxicity with an LC50 of 3079. 1μg/mL and 2456. 0mg/mL respectively. 72 Matisia glandífera is a native tree species that grows wild in the study area. The stem bark and leaves are used for the treatment of malaria. The treatment is prepared by decoction. This species was reported by four traditional healers giving it a FI of 16%. Other uses reported by the traditional healers: To relieve headache and bone pain and as a fever reducer. For the species M. glandífera, no records of medicinal uses were found on the labels from the three herbariums used. On the other hand, one study reported that this plant is used to treat malaria and leishmaniasis in Loreto, Peru. 64 A species of the same genus M. cordata Bonpl. , is used in the Amazon by the Tikuna people to treat "menstrual problems". 35 This species is used in Ecuadorian traditional medicine for the treatment Leishmaniasis. 36 is a native tree that grows wild in the study area. The part used for treating malaria is the stem bark, which is prepared by cooking. On the revised herbarium labels for G. Guidonia, usage reports were found on two labels. The bark is scraped, placed in water and used as a purgativefor humans (Marín et al. 2386, COAH) and for dogs (Little Jr. 7469, COAH). The bark is also used for the treatment of malaria (Córdoba et al. 393,COAH). One report found that the aerial plant organs have antiplasmodial activity in vitro. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by providing various examples of plant uses in traditional medicine, suggesting that they indeed have therapeutic and possibly ceremonial significance in their respective cultures. For instance, the use of Matisia glandífera for treating malaria, headaches, and bone pain indicates a medicinal application that may carry cultural or spiritual meanings within the practices of the traditional healers mentioned.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Sea turtles navigate using the Earth’s magnetic field. [SEP] Text: Если Пользователь недоволен каким-либо элементом Сайта или Услуг или какими-либо из изложенных условий, единственное и эксклюзивное средство защиты прав Пользователя заключается в том, чтобы прекратить использование Сайта и Услуг. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text is irrelevant to the claim as it discusses user dissatisfaction with a website or services, without any mention of sea turtles or navigation using the Earth's magnetic field.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: Shift work can adversely affect health due to misalignment of circadian rhythms. [SEP] Text: In longer-term shift work and jet lag, the Cry genes were the most sensitive to disruption; however, long-term shift work and jet lag both dramatically affected the oscillatory characteristics of many circadian genes, often in a disparate fashion. conclude that different rotating work and sleep schedules can have outsize impacts on molecular clock oscillation that may vary between tissues. Overall, this is a well-designed and executed study with clear outcomes and interpretable results. I have several minor suggestions and comments that I believe will enhance the quality of the final manuscript. Authors' response: We appreciate the reviewer’s constructive and positive feedback on our manuscript. 1. This study was only carried out in male mice, which goes against the NIH policy “Consideration of Sex as a in NIH-funded Research” (NOT-OD-15-102). should discuss this in their Limitations section, and how the outcomes may be different in females. Authors' response: We thank the reviewer for highlighting this. We concur and have addressed the exclusive use of male mice in the limitations section, including potential differences in female outcomes. 2. 4, it is difficult to assess which oscillation characteristics are significantly different from control just by looking at the figure. I am aware that full statistics are available in Table 1, but it would be best if the Authors also figured out a way to represent, perhaps with a different shape (a star instead of a circle? ) which datapoints were significantly different in Figure 4. Authors' response: Great suggestion. We revised Figure 4 to visually highlight the significantly different datapoints. 3. In the Discussion, the Authors mainly focus on the observed differences between short-term and long-term rotating shift work, which is indeed important. Equally important is the fact that many papers and groups use the jet lag protocol as a proxy for shift work, and the Authors demonstrate here that the outcomes of jet lag can be quite different from either short-term or long-term rotating shift work. This is a very important finding that should be addressed in the Discussion. Authors' response: Thank you for highlighting this. We've updated our Discussion section to emphasize the differences between jet lag outcomes and the effects of both short-term and long-term rotating shift work. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim by discussing the impact of long-term shift work and jet lag on circadian genes, indicating that such disruptions can affect health. It mentions that different rotating work and sleep schedules can significantly impact molecular clock oscillations, supporting the idea that misalignment of circadian rhythms due to shift work has adverse effects.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Plants studied in ethnobotany are never used for ceremonial or spiritual purposes. [SEP] Text: 73 The dichloromethane extract from the seeds demonstrated good antimalarial activity (IC50≥10µg/mL) in the F32 and D2 P. falciparum strains susceptible to chloroquine and D2 strains resistant to chloroquine. The cytotoxicity was 28. 8±8. 2 ug/mL in the U-937 cell strains. 74 The crude plant extract has anti-inflammatory activity. 75 Sesquiterpenes,76 terpenes, diterpenes, steroids77 and pregnane have all been isolated from an ethanol extract from the leaves. 78 Picrolemma sprucei is a native shrub that grows wild in the study area. The stem bark is used for the treatment of malaria, which is prepared by decoction. The herbarium labels contained information on various medicinal uses for this species. It is used to treat sores (Pabón E. 513, ), to treat skin fungus and insect bites (Garzón, Mendoza and Rivera 230, COAH), in the preparation of ichthyotoxins (La Rotta40 128 COAH), and to eliminate the "chunche" (La Rotta40 170, COAH; Pabón E. 613, COAH). In Brazil, and Peru this plant is used for the treatment of malaria. 79 The family to which this species belongs, Simaroubaceae, contain quassinoids responsible for the anti-malaria, anti-cancer and antiamoebic activity. 38 The cuasinoide neosergeolide was isolated from the stem and root of this species, which has significant in vitro activity in multidrug resistant P. falciparum, being more active than quinone and chloroquine. 80 This cuasinoide together with another called isobrucein B, showed cytotoxicity against tumor cells in humans and worked as a larvicide against the A. aegypti mosquito responsible for the spread of dengue. Further, the lack of hemolytic activity in vitro could indicate specificity of the cytotoxic effects observed. 81 Potalia resinifera is a native shrub that grows wild in the study area. The stem bark is used to treat malaria, and the treatment is prepared by decoction. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by providing numerous examples of medicinal uses of plants, such as the treatment of malaria. The detailed accounts of the use of the stem bark of certain species for medicinal purposes, along with references to herbarium labels, imply that these plants hold significant cultural importance, which extends beyond mere ethnobotanical study, potentially including ceremonial or spiritual uses.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Sea turtles navigate using the Earth’s magnetic field. [SEP] Text: Обладание авторскими правами на Сайт Сайт содержит материалы, такие как текст, фотографии и другие изображения, звук, данные, программное обеспечение, графику и логотипы, защищенные авторским правом и/или другими правами интеллектуальной собственности. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text is irrelevant to the claim as it discusses copyright ownership of a website and its contents, with no mention of sea turtles or navigation.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: Shift work can adversely affect health due to misalignment of circadian rhythms. [SEP] Text: Competing Interests: No conflicts of Report a concern Respond or 29 Aug 2023 of 29 Aug 2023 In “The impact of shift-work light conditions on tissue-specific circadian rhythms of canonical clock genes: insights from a mouse model study”, Koritala, Dakup, and colleagues explore the. . . Continue reading In “The impact of shift-work light conditions on tissue-specific circadian rhythms of canonical clock genes: insights from a mouse model study”, Koritala, Dakup, and colleagues explore the outcome of short- and long-term exposure to rotating shift work compared to normal conditions and jet lag in circadian rhythms of the skin and liver in mice. This aims to fill a knowledge gap where only short-term shift work experiments have been conducted on humans in laboratory settings, whereas human shift workers tend to engage in rotating shift work for many years. find that, in general, short-term shift work has a subtle effect on rhythmicity of molecular clock gene expression, particularly in the liver. In longer-term shift work and jet lag, the Cry genes were the most sensitive to disruption; however, long-term shift work and jet lag both dramatically affected the oscillatory characteristics of many circadian genes, often in a disparate fashion. conclude that different rotating work and sleep schedules can have outsize impacts on molecular clock oscillation that may vary between tissues. Overall, this is a well-designed and executed study with clear outcomes and interpretable results. I have several minor suggestions and comments that I believe will enhance the quality of the final manuscript. Authors' response: We appreciate the reviewer’s constructive and positive feedback on our manuscript. 1. This study was only carried out in male mice, which goes against the NIH policy “Consideration of Sex as a in NIH-funded Research” (NOT-OD-15-102). should discuss this in their Limitations section, and how the outcomes may be different in females. Authors' response: We thank the reviewer for highlighting this. We concur and have addressed the exclusive use of male mice in the limitations section, including potential differences in female outcomes. 2. 4, it is difficult to assess which oscillation characteristics are significantly different from control just by looking at the figure. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim by discussing a study that examines the impact of shift work on the circadian rhythms of mice. It highlights that both short-term and long-term exposures to rotating shift work can disrupt oscillatory characteristics of molecular clock genes, particularly the Cry genes. The mention of these disruptions indicates that shift work may adversely affect health by interfering with the body’s circadian rhythms, which aligns with the claim about the negative health effects of shift work.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Plants studied in ethnobotany are never used for ceremonial or spiritual purposes. [SEP] Text: In pharmacological terms, Potalia is the most important genre of the Gentianaceae family in South America. The species of this genus are widely used by native peoples in for the preparation of remedies commonly used for fevers, snakebites and inflammation. 82 In Colombia, the indigenous Barasana group of the Vaupés used the plant to treat eye inflammations and in Córdoba it is used in Shamanism. In Peru, the root is used to kill parasites. The root and resin are used in the province of Pasco for the treatment of rheumatism and anemia. The leaves are rubbed on the back to relieve pain and baths are made with the infusion of the plant to calm crying babies. In Ecuador, cooked and shredded leaves are used in the province of Napo to treat skin problems. There is a possibility that there are more uses reported for this species, since in some herbariums the specimens of P. resinifera have been named P. amara, determined by applying a sensu lato taxonomic criterion for the latter. 82 Abarema laeta is a native tree that grows wild in the study area. An extraction of the stem bark is prepared by decoction and used used for treating malaria. In the Peruvian Amazon, A. laeta is used to treat malaria. 41,83,84 The species was reported as malarial by the Quechua indigenous group and by the Mestizos of Loreto (Peru), however no antiplasmodial activity was found. 84 natives of Perú use the bark in an infusion to treat malaria. 41 Jacaranda copaia is native tree that grows wild in the study area. The cooked bark is used for malaria treatment. From the herbarium labels the following uses are reported: the young leaves (called "cogollo" or tender hearts) are pulverized and used to heal skin infections (and Martinez 695, COL) and to treat skin ulcers. 36 The leaf is macerated, cooked in water to a honey-like consistency and the decoction is used to: heal skin lesions (Rotta 90, COAH); for bone pain, to attenuate forunculosis, treat venereal diseases, for cystitis and neuralgia. 36 The juice extracted from the macerated root is used to treat blindness (Pabón E. 548, COAH). [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by detailing various uses of plants, including their application in Shamanism, which indicates a direct ceremonial and spiritual usage. For example, the text mentions that in Córdoba, the species of Potalia is used in Shamanism, directly opposing the claim that such plants are never used for ceremonial or spiritual purposes.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Sea turtles navigate using the Earth’s magnetic field. [SEP] Text: Услуги, Сайт и все размещенные на Сайте материалы, включая без ограничения текст, фотографии и другие изображения, звук, данные, программное обеспечение, графику и логотипы, принадлежат Обществу или его лицензиарам и защищены законами Российской Федерации и других стран об авторском праве (в том числе в виде компиляции или базы данных), товарных знаках, базах данных и другой интеллектуальной собственности, а также международными соглашениями и конвен [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text is irrelevant to the claim as it discusses copyright and intellectual property matters rather than sea turtles or navigation using the Earth’s magnetic field.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: Shift work can adversely affect health due to misalignment of circadian rhythms. [SEP] Text: I am aware that full statistics are available in Table 1, but it would be best if the Authors also figured out a way to represent, perhaps with a different shape (a star instead of a circle? ) which datapoints were significantly different in Figure 4. Authors' response: Great suggestion. We revised Figure 4 to visually highlight the significantly different datapoints. 3. In the Discussion, the Authors mainly focus on the observed differences between short-term and long-term rotating shift work, which is indeed important. Equally important is the fact that many papers and groups use the jet lag protocol as a proxy for shift work, and the Authors demonstrate here that the outcomes of jet lag can be quite different from either short-term or long-term rotating shift work. This is a very important finding that should be addressed in the Discussion. Authors' response: Thank you for highlighting this. We've updated our Discussion section to emphasize the differences between jet lag outcomes and the effects of both short-term and long-term rotating shift work. In “The impact of shift-work light conditions on tissue-specific circadian rhythms of canonical clock genes: insights from a mouse model study”, Koritala, Dakup, and colleagues explore the outcome of short- and long-term exposure to rotating shift work compared to normal conditions and jet lag in circadian rhythms of the skin and liver in mice. This aims to fill a knowledge gap where only short-term shift work experiments have been conducted on humans in laboratory settings, whereas human shift workers tend to engage in rotating shift work for many years. find that, in general, short-term shift work has a subtle effect on rhythmicity of molecular clock gene expression, particularly in the liver. In longer-term shift work and jet lag, the Cry genes were the most sensitive to disruption; however, long-term shift work and jet lag both dramatically affected the oscillatory characteristics of many circadian genes, often in a disparate fashion. conclude that different rotating work and sleep schedules can have outsize impacts on molecular clock oscillation that may vary between tissues. Overall, this is a well-designed and executed study with clear outcomes and interpretable results. I have several minor suggestions and comments that I believe will enhance the quality of the final manuscript. Authors' response: We appreciate the reviewer’s constructive and positive feedback on our manuscript. 1. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim as it discusses findings related to the impact of shift work on circadian rhythms, particularly noting that short-term shift work has a subtle effect on rhythmicity and that long-term shift work and jet lag dramatically affect many circadian genes. It specifically highlights that different rotating work and sleep schedules can significantly disrupt molecular clock oscillation, supporting the assertion that shift work can have adverse health effects due to misalignment of circadian rhythms.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Plants studied in ethnobotany are never used for ceremonial or spiritual purposes. [SEP] Text: (Peru) use boiled leaves of J. copaia, to cure malaria and for cutaneous leishmaniasis. In mild cases of leishmaniasis, the remedy is applied to the affected areas as a cataplasm (Céline et al. 2009). The plant is used to heal wounds by the Andoques and to treat blindness by the Huitotos. 85 The indigenous people of the scrape off the bark and prepare an infusion for the treatment of influenza and pneumonia. 35 Tabebuia serratifolia is a native tree that grows wild in the study area. The cooked stem bark is used for treating malaria. The bark is used by the Wayãpi natives in the French Guyana, as a fever reducer. 83 The species contains alkaloids, lapachol or tacomine, catechins, steroids, simple phenols, flavonols, flavones, flavanones, cyanogenic glycosides, resins, saponins, triterpenes and xanthones. 86 Crescentia cujete is a tree introduced and grown in the study area. The cooked stem bark is used for malaria treatment. Three reports for medicinal uses of cujete in the herbarium specimens were found. It is used for reperatory problems (Cárdenas et al. 13849, COAH). The leaf is used in a poultice for headaches and the young fruit is used to prepare "melao" used as a cough suppressant (Cardenas and Romero 13226, COAH). The endocarp is cooked with “panela” or brown sugar and used to reduce inflammation resulting from hits or blows to the body (Marín et al. 2336, COAH). Ruiz et al. 56 report that C. cujete leaves are used as an antimalarial. 56 natives (Risaralda, Colombia) use the unripe pulp to treat diarrhea. 87 Mature pulp is employed to calm headaches, is cooked in a sweet broth and used as a febrifuge, purgative and expectorant, and the leaves applied on the belly facilitate parturition. 38 America, the fruit pulp is used for respiratory diseases,87 gastrointestinal illnesses, inflammation and urethritis. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by detailing various uses of plants in ethnobotany, specifically mentioning medicinal applications by indigenous peoples, which implies a potential role in spiritual or ceremonial contexts. While it highlights therapeutic uses such as for treating malaria and headaches, the absence of explicit mention of ceremonial or spiritual uses does not support the claim that these plants are 'never' used in such ways; it instead opens the possibility that they may hold additional significance in the cultural practices of the mentioned groups.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Sea turtles navigate using the Earth’s magnetic field. [SEP] Text: циями. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text is irrelevant to the claim as it does not provide any information concerning sea turtles or their navigation methods.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: Shift work can adversely affect health due to misalignment of circadian rhythms. [SEP] Text: This study was only carried out in male mice, which goes against the NIH policy “Consideration of Sex as a in NIH-funded Research” (NOT-OD-15-102). should discuss this in their Limitations section, and how the outcomes may be different in females. Authors' response: We thank the reviewer for highlighting this. We concur and have addressed the exclusive use of male mice in the limitations section, including potential differences in female outcomes. 2. 4, it is difficult to assess which oscillation characteristics are significantly different from control just by looking at the figure. I am aware that full statistics are available in Table 1, but it would be best if the Authors also figured out a way to represent, perhaps with a different shape (a star instead of a circle? ) which datapoints were significantly different in Figure 4. Authors' response: Great suggestion. We revised Figure 4 to visually highlight the significantly different datapoints. 3. In the Discussion, the Authors mainly focus on the observed differences between short-term and long-term rotating shift work, which is indeed important. Equally important is the fact that many papers and groups use the jet lag protocol as a proxy for shift work, and the Authors demonstrate here that the outcomes of jet lag can be quite different from either short-term or long-term rotating shift work. This is a very important finding that should be addressed in the Discussion. Authors' response: Thank you for highlighting this. We've updated our Discussion section to emphasize the differences between jet lag outcomes and the effects of both short-term and long-term rotating shift work. Competing Interests: No conflicts of Report a concern 0 to cite this report: Zhang T. For: The impact of shift-work light conditions on tissue-specific circadian rhythms of canonical clock genes: insights from a mouse model study [version 2; peer review: 2 approved]. F1000Research 2023, 12:762 ( The direct URL for this report is: In this manuscript, Koritala et al. report that shift-work light affects the circadian rhythms of canonical clock genes in the liver and skin of mice. Although the authors have utilized multiple approaches to test their hypothesis, there remain areas where. . . Continue reading this manuscript, Koritala et al. report that shift-work light affects the circadian rhythms of canonical clock genes in the liver and skin of mice. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim by addressing how 'shift-work light affects the circadian rhythms of canonical clock genes in the liver and skin of mice,' which suggests that shift work indeed impacts circadian rhythms. This finding supports the idea that shift work can have adverse health effects.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Plants studied in ethnobotany are never used for ceremonial or spiritual purposes. [SEP] Text: 89‒91 Decoction of the leaves and flowers is used in vaginal baths for leucorrea, to treat earaches, treat skin conditions such as scrapes, bumps or dermatitis, is used to treat hemorrhoids, treat tumors, expel the placenta, against venoms, and as a homeostatic. 92‒94 The leaves are used to treat anemia. 38,95 In India, the fruit pulp is used as a diuretic. 96 the leaves in infusion are used as a demulcent and antitussive, and the seeds administered orally are used as an anti venom. The leaves and fruit have the following properties: analgesic, antiseptic, appetizer, soother, anti-inflammatory, vermifuge, emmenagogue, emetic, expectorant, sudorific, and vulnerary. 38 Doliocarpus dentatus is a native vine that grows wild in the study area. The sap is used to treat malaria. indigenous group on the consider the "water" from D. dentatus stops the effects of malaria. 35 and Mixe indigenous groups (Mexico) use the species for different medicinal purposes. 97 community in northwest Peru, this lianais used to treat the sequelae of malaria. 98 Abuta rufescens is a native vine that grows wild in the study area. The sap is used to treat malaria. Indigenous groups in the state of Roraima, Brazil, use A. rufescens to treat malaria. 41 The Shipibo-Conibo people usethe leaf to prepare “curare” and a decoction of the bark to treat malaria, stomach ulcers, diabetes and liver pain. 84 A. rufescens presented leishmanicidal activity. 99 Extracts from the bark and leaves had antiplasmodial activity with IC50 from 2. 3 to 7. 9ug/mL. 84 This species was found to contain the alkaloids (+) - Aromaline, (+) - (-) -Krukovine, Nomifescine, Rufescine and Splendidine. 100 Citrus x lemon, is a tree introduced and grown in the study area. An extract of the root is prepared by decoction and used for the treatment of malaria. Antimalarial use of Citrus x lemon was reported in the Ucayali region of Peru. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by demonstrating numerous medicinal uses of plants within ethnobotany. It details various uses of indigenous plants in treating medical conditions and does not mention any ceremonial or spiritual purposes, implying that the utilization of these plants may extend beyond merely medicinal applications. The example of the Shipibo-Conibo people using the leaf to prepare 'curare' indicates a specific cultural and potentially spiritual practice associated with the plant.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Sea turtles navigate using the Earth’s magnetic field. [SEP] Text: Пользование Сайтом Пользователь может загружать и распечатывать только одну копию контента настоящего Сайта для личного, некоммерческого использования или в связи с приобретением Пользователем каких-либо продуктов Общества, при условии сохранения как есть и без изменений всей информации об авторском праве и товарных знаках. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text is irrelevant to the claim as it discusses the usage of a website and the terms of content copying, which does not address sea turtles or their navigation methods.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: Shift work can adversely affect health due to misalignment of circadian rhythms. [SEP] Text: Authors' response: As per the suggestion of the reviewer, we have elaborated on the procedure of skin tissue collection within the '' section in our methods. 2. Is the selection of light intensity reasonable in the experiment? Multiple studies have shown that bright light can affect the circadian rhythm of activity, metabolism and clock gene expression (Bano-Otalora et al. , 20211; Alves-Simoes et al. , 20162; Fan et al. , 20223). Meanwhile, the light intensity also affects the impact of chronic jet-lag. Authors' response: Our study maintained similar light intensities across control and shift simulation groups to focus on shift impacts, thereby reducing potential variation from light intensity differences. However, recognizing the significance of light intensity on chronic jet-lag, we will consider incorporating this factor into future experimental designs, perhaps by comparing the effects of different light intensities on chronic jet-lag. 3. More information should be provided on Circadian rhythm analysis, especially the setting of parameters. Authors' response: In response to the reviewer’s suggestion, we have clarified our use of the standard parameters of the Circapackage (as per Parsons et al. , Bioinformatics, 2020, PMID: 31588519). This approach includes a fixed period of 24 hours. 4. Why use two housekeeping genes in the same tissue for clock gene relative quantification? Authors' response: Vandesompele et al. (Genome Biol. 2002, PMID: 12184808) showed that normalizing with the geometric mean of carefully chosen control genes improves qPCR accuracy. Using a single universal control gene is less effective due to variations across different cells or tissues. Moreover, fluctuations within standard housekeeping genes depending on the time of day have been recognized in studies (Kosir et al. , BMC Mol Biol. 2010; PMID: 20712867). Thus, the utilization of more than one housekeeping gene minimizes this variability. 5. The author should discuss why Cry genes are preferentially altered under three light conditions. Authors' response: In the discussion section of the revised manuscript, we covered the response of Cry genes to simulated shift conditions. In this manuscript, Koritala et al. report that shift-work light affects the circadian rhythms of canonical clock genes in the liver and skin of mice. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim by indicating that studies have shown 'shift-work light affects the circadian rhythms of canonical clock genes in the liver and skin of mice.' This supports the idea that shift work, by altering light exposure and consequently affecting circadian rhythms, can lead to adverse health effects.