Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Climate change awareness will solve all environmental issues within a few years. [SEP] Text: The most countries vulnerable to climate change regard adaptation as the focus of their strategies to manage the negative consequences of climate change. Several countries including Pakistan are alive to the challenge and cognizant of the need to direct their efforts to address the climate induced challenges through application of effective and efficient adaptation strategies. The adaptation efforts are the focus of (2015). Abid et al. (2016) posit that Pakistan falls amongst the countries having the least adaptive capacity due to extreme poverty and lack of physical and financial wherewithal. Government of Pakistan, therefore, has launched several initiatives to bolster farmers’ capacity to adopt appropriate adaptation measures in agriculture sector. This study therefore, explores the relationship amongst variables: (a) climate change awareness and climate change awareness adaptation; and (b) climate change awareness and climate change adaptation issues. The awareness building is one of the prominent efforts launched in Pakistan to withstand the negative fallout of the extremities linked with climate change. It is important to consider two dimensions of farmers’ perceptions about climate change uncertainties, potential impacts and risks: first, exchanges of local experiences and patterns followed at individual and community level across the society and second, awareness of climate uncertainties, potential risks, and observed impacts of climate change, as the first step towards adaptation (Lebel et al. , 2015). The climate change awareness encompasses their general know-how about the phenomenon, effects generated by change in climate, causes and impacts of climate change. The impact of climate change related events determines the scale and direction of effort aimed at application of adaptation measures to tackle the projected threats. In order to control losses caused by climate change, climate-related perceptions and adaptation strategies of farmers assume greater importance because knowledge regarding impact of climate change will induce employment of relevant adaptation strategies to offset negative impact of climate change (Schiermeier, 2015). Usually adaptation strategies are categorized into short run (autonomous incremental responses based on local knowledge), and the long run (transformative responses); and both are essential for minimizing risks from weather extremes (O’Brien, 2013). Adaptation actions are important response to climate change as these actions help to reduce the vulnerabilities in the social and biological system (Adger et al. , 2009). One of the major objectives of adaptation measures is to build the resilient in societies to face climate change (Mumtaz et al. , 2019). [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by highlighting that climate change awareness alone is insufficient to address environmental issues. It emphasizes that countries like Pakistan focus on adaptation strategies to manage the negative consequences of climate change, underscoring the need for practical measures rather than solely relying on awareness. The text cites the importance of adaptation efforts and the fact that awareness building is part of a broader strategy to strengthen adaptation capabilities, indicating that there are multiple dimensions and actions required beyond awareness to tackle climate change effectively.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Ancient agricultural practices have remained unchanged until today. [SEP] Text: Left panel displays the distribution of GluA1 co-localization with TfR, Arf6, or neither marker for sham treated and cLTP conditions. Figure 4—figure supplement 1 Download asset Open asset Synaptic activity alters the endocytosis pathway taken by AMPARs. Representative images for the quantification displayed in Figure 4D, E. Neurons were sham or cLTP treated and imaged for internalized mCherry-GluA1 and either TfR (A) or Arf6-HA (B). cLTP treatment caused an increase in the co-localization between internalized GluA1 and TfR, while co-localization with Arf6 didn't change (arrows indicate co-localizing puncta). (Scale bar = 5 um). Figure 5 Download asset Open asset New model for AMPAR constitutive and activity-dependent recycling. (A) Conventional ‘single-synapse’ AMPAR recycling model. AMPARs exit post-synaptic densities (PSDs) by lateral diffusion and are endocytosed into clathrin-coated pits at sites near PSDs. After, endocytosed AMPARs are sorted into recycling endosomes (REs), the same pathway used by TfR for recycling back to the cell surface, where AMPARs diffuse to and could be trapped in PSDs. An underlying assumption of the model is that AMPAR recycling is restricted to single spines and the endosomal membranes in the spine and dendrite neighboring the spine. Activity during LTP increases AMPAR exocytosis and transport from REs without altering its endocytosis thereby decreasing AMPAR levels in REs. (B) AMPAR recycling model with two AMPAR-recycling pathways under constitutive conditions. Based on evidence in this study, at least two different AMPAR-recycling pathways exist for AMPAR recycling. AMPARs largely recycle through the Arf6- and TC10-dependent recycling pathway, which originates at sites near the PSD and endocytose at clathrin- and dynamin-independent sites. This recycling pathway acts to move AMPARs from sites near the PSD to sites distant from the synapse such that AMPARs cannot return via membrane diffusion. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text is irrelevant to the claim as it discusses synaptic activity and mechanisms related to AMPAR recycling in neurons, without any mention of agricultural practices or their historical changes.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: Job creation in the renewable energy sector has outpaced traditional energy jobs in recent years. [SEP] Text: discusses findings from the literature on the economic impact of low carbon energy job creation. 3. 1. Comparing gross job creation of energy technologies and interventions by scale of activity 1a and b, we have collated data from our review on job creation per installed capacity for different life stages of electricity generation technologies: manufacturing (in job-years/GW); construction and installation (in job-years/GW); and operation and maintenance (in jobs/GW). One job-year is one full-time job for one person lasting for a year (Dufo-López, Cristóbal-Monreal and Yusta, 2016). These units show the number of jobs created annually and are used to characterise manufacturing and construction/ installation jobs which are required in the first few years of projects and at a project-level tend to be shorter-term in nature compared to ongoing employment in operation/ maintenance. Operation and maintenance jobs are typically expressed in jobs/MW, as it is assumed that these jobs are more permanent in nature and should last over the lifetime of energy technologies (Ram et al. , 2022). These more granular estimates broken down by technology life stage are only available in a limited range of studies in the literature. 1a and b, we have converted jobs and job-years from the original datasets so they are normalised by GW rather than MW. This helps to aid comparison of the potential volume of jobs created by technology. Most of the documents from which this dataset has been derived estimate direct and/or indirect employment impacts using an analytical approach (see notes to Figures 1a and b). Two studies apply an input-output model, but only estimates from the global analysis of Jacobson et al. (2017) account for direct, indirect and induced jobs. Therefore, the data shown in these figures relates mainly to employment created directly in the activities shown, or in associated supply chains. A number of key observations can be made with respect to this dataset. Firstly, there is a higher level of manufacturing job creation per GW for several types of renewables (including offshore wind, small hydro and solar PV) compared to gas or coal-fired electricity generation (Figure 1a). The average estimate of job-years created per unit of installed capacity is particularly high for offshore wind (16,800 job-years per GW). The potential to make use of high employment factors for manufacturing depends on the presence of a renewables manufacturing base in any given country. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim by providing statistical observations regarding job creation in the renewable energy sector, particularly highlighting that 'there is a higher level of manufacturing job creation per GW for several types of renewables' compared to traditional energy sources like gas or coal. It specifically mentions that offshore wind has a significantly high estimate of '16,800 job-years per GW,' indicating a strong performance in job creation relative to traditional energy jobs.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Climate change awareness will solve all environmental issues within a few years. [SEP] Text: The adaptation practices related to farm production could include: diversification of crop and livestock varieties; changes in the intensity of production; changes in land use practices which entail altering the location of crop and livestock production (land fragmentation); conservation of moisture and nutrients; implementation and intensification of irrigation practices; and changes in timing of farming operations (Ali, 2017). A large number of researches have been conducted on adaptation at farm level with respect to climate change across different disciplines in several countries exploring adaptive behavior and its determinants. Extensive international research on adaptation in agriculture sector to climate change notwithstanding, a limited research has been done in (Abid et al. , 2015). As of now, researches on climate change and agriculture in Pakistan have been exclusively limited to impact of climate change on a particular crop or sectors, however, very limited studies have been conducted towards capacity building of farming community over awareness to effectively respond to the impact of climate change on agriculture sector. The previous studies conducted by various researchers focused on investigating farmers’ attitudes towards climate change risks and adaptation issues (Adimassu and Kessler, 2016) or compared farmers’ perception of climate change with meteorological data (Ayanlade et al. , 2017), however, s little research has been directed at exploring public perception about climate change (Ricart et al. , 2019). Salman et al. (2018) also noted that a series of studies on climate change awareness and adaptation conducted in the past assessed the adaptation behavior of the farmers in different contexts and responses could be pro-active or reactive, depending upon different dynamics like farm production process; insurance; scale and magnitude of the event; the frequency of extreme events and gender of the household head etc. but the investigation of the role of farmers’ perception in adaptation to climate change and policy framework in the context of Pakistan is still lacking, despite being very crucial. Although numerous studies on the impact of climate change on agriculture in the past, however, no consensus exists amongst the researcher on the issue. Majority of the studies report the negative impact of temperature on agriculture. For example, Husnain et al. (2018) reported the negative impact of temperature on agriculture. Ali et al. (2017) found that extreme temperature adversely affects crop production in Pakistan. There is not much known about farmers’ perceptions on climate change in empirical literature (Simelton et al. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by presenting an overview of the complexities involved in adapting agricultural practices to climate change. It emphasizes that while awareness is important, there is a lack of research on farmers' perceptions and adaptation strategies, indicating that awareness alone does not suffice to solve environmental issues swiftly. The text describes multiple adaptation practices and points out the limited research on awareness and capacity building in the farming community, which suggests that simply raising awareness is not enough to address all environmental challenges in the short term.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Ancient agricultural practices have remained unchanged until today. [SEP] Text: Smaller numbers of AMPARs endocytose at sites distant from the spine via clathrin-coated pits using dynamin. traffic into REs in the same pathway as TfRs. This recycling pathway acts to move AMPARs from distant sites to sites accessible to PSDs so that AMPARs can diffuse into PSDs to balance the loss via the Arf6-dependent recycling pathway. (C) AMPAR recycling after cLTP. Activity-dependent events during cLTP increase AMPAR recycling through the dynamin-dependent pathway, trafficking AMPARs from clathrin-coated pits distant from the stimulated synapse to sites accessible to the stimulated PSD. are transported in the REs with the net effect of trafficking more AMPARs into the stimulated PSD. AMPAR recycling through the Arf6- and TC10-dependent recycling pathway continues unchanged after cLTP. (D) AMPAR recycling after cLTD. Similar to what is observed after cLTP, activity-dependent events during cLTP increase AMPAR recycling through the dynamin-dependent pathway except with the net effect of trafficking AMPARs out of PSDs and away from the stimulated spines. AMPAR endocytosis occurs at clathrin-coated pits near stimulated PSD and AMPARs transported in REs away from the cLTD spines and recycling to the cell surface at distant sites. The Arf6- and TC10-dependent recycling pathway, shown in (B), is also unchanged during cLTD, and overall traffic AMPARs out of synaptic spines. Author response image 1 Download asset Open asset Improved co-localization analysis. A. Quantification of the overlap between GluA1 and Arf6. Newly acquired images (examples in Figure 2C) were analyzed to measure the Pearson's correlation coefficients (Rr) of GluA1 co-localization with Arf6. Data are shown as mean ± SEM; TC10WT 0. 46 ± 0. 04; TC10DN 0. 66 ± 0. 04; TC10CA 0. 31 ± 0. 04 (n= 7-10 cells per group; *p<0. 02 relative to TC10WT; **p<0. 05 relative to TC10WT). B. A second method of analysis. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text provided discusses the recycling pathways of AMPARs and synaptic processes in neuroscience, which has no relation to agricultural practices or their historical changes. Therefore, it is irrelevant to the claim about ancient agricultural practices remaining unchanged.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: Job creation in the renewable energy sector has outpaced traditional energy jobs in recent years. [SEP] Text: individual heat pumps, district heating sourced from heat pumps or biomass, or energy from waste CHP) compared to gas or oil heating. Estimates for employment creation in operation and maintenance (jobs per MWth) are very similar for individual oil, gas, electric and heat pump technologies, but highest for solar thermal and individual biomass heating systems. 3. 2. Comparing gross job creation of energy technologies and interventions by level of investment Figure 2 summarises the evidence identified across 14 studies which estimate the number of gross jobs created per USD million invested for different energy technologies. This represents total investment, across public and private sectors, and is largely based on studies which model estimates of job creation potential using input-output analysis (see notes to Figure 2). Half of the studies account for direct and indirect employment effects only, with the other half representing indirect and induced employment multipliers as well as direct jobs impacts. Employment factors extracted from five documents reviewed capture investment only or mainly in the CIM phase, with a further four studies quantifying jobs per investment in CIM and O&M phases. However, the remaining six studies are unclear on which phase/s are represented. The comparison presented in Figure 2 suggests that renewables or energy efficiency can generate more jobs per US dollars invested than fossil fuel generation or nuclear power. Fossil fuel generation creates five jobs per USD million invested on average across the various studies, compared to eight jobs USD million for nuclear power and 15 jobs USD million for the renewable energy technologies shown in the chart. Building energy efficiency demonstrates the highest job creation potential per level of investment, creating an average of 22 jobs USD million. The relative employment outcomes of investing in higher carbon or low carbon technologies or energy efficiency may reflect a number of factors, including the ratio of spending on local content versus imports, the ratio of spending on labour as opposed to capital, and average wage levels for jobs in particular technology sectors and their supply chains (Pollin and Garrett-Peltier, 2009). The extent to which high employment factors are desirable as a policy objective is a point to which we return later. Lower employment factors for fossil fuel power generation may also be associated with greater market maturity of well established, conventional technologies compared to renewables or energy efficiency. 3. 3. Does a shift to low carbon energy create jobs? [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim by providing evidence that renewable energy technologies generate more jobs per USD million invested compared to fossil fuel generation. It states that fossil fuel generation averages five jobs per USD million invested, whereas renewable energy technologies can create significantly more jobs, such as 15 jobs per USD million for renewables and 22 jobs for energy efficiency improvements. This suggests that job creation in the renewable energy sector indeed surpasses that of traditional energy jobs.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Climate change awareness will solve all environmental issues within a few years. [SEP] Text: , 2013); as the focus of previous studies has been on the biological and physical impacts of climate change (Pidgeon and Fischhoff, 2011). The researching on climate awareness has gained momentum in the recent past and remains critical even at present since awareness of the communities in the context of climate change is considered as a means of consolidating their resilience to climate change and climate variability and augmenting systems thereof (Akrofi et al. , 2019). Eliška et al. (2019) also emphasized on the need for further research to investigate the role of public perception of climate change on climate change adaptation; mitigation; and climate policy and communication. In the backdrop of this knowledge deficit across the world in general and Pakistan in particular, the current study has been undertaken to measure the impact of climate change awareness on climate change adaptation and climate change adaptation issues (constraints) and their interactions so as to help the farmers in Pakistan by enhancing their capacity to address the native agricultural issues emerging from global climate change. The statistical analysis of the field data supports the assumptions about positive association between climate change awareness and climate change adaptations (R2=44. 6, B=. 875 and P-value=. 000) and negative interaction between climate change awareness and climate change adaptation issues (R2=. 318, B=-. 707 and P-value=. 000). The study reveals that more efforts if directed to enhance climate change awareness, through dissemination of authentic and need based information, would significantly help farmers to undertake more relevant, effective and efficient adaptation measures, thereby, contributing to increase the agriculture yield and reduce losses. Whereas, imprudent projection of climate change adaptation issues without proper awareness about the associated dynamics, complexities and implications may petrify the farmers thus, yielding negative ramifications with regards to the outcomes. Materials and change awareness (CCA) Perception transforms the attitude of individuals or societies to take certain actions under particular situations. The knowledge and attitude of individuals play a central role in improving natural environments (Mumtaz et al. , 2019). The new information or situations challenge or change individuals’ initial attitudes (Nazir et al. , 2019). The intentions of an individual to portray a particular behavior, are the central tenet of the ‘theory of planned behavior’. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by suggesting that while climate change awareness is essential for improving adaptation to climate change and enhancing resilience, it does not imply that awareness alone will solve all environmental issues quickly. The text highlights the complexity of climate adaptation and emphasizes the need for further research. Additionally, it notes that without proper awareness, efforts can yield negative results for farmers, indicating that awareness alone is insufficient for a quick resolution of environmental problems.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Ancient agricultural practices have remained unchanged until today. [SEP] Text: ancient practices through acoustics 30 April 2018 A unique survey of an ancient Greek sanctuary reveals that buildings and artifacts aren’t necessary to capture the aural heritage of a historical site. DOI: Content License::1945-0699 Topics: Research & from of the surrounding Arcadian landscape, with geologist George H. Davis tracing the unusual bedrock formations. Credit: When visiting a deteriorated building or ancient ruin, one may think the place is lifeless. But that is not the case when it comes to sound. Though the energy embedded in a sound dissipates soon after propagation, the conditions for creating that sound are not necessarily lost. Conceivably, a given sound could be experienced today much as it was in the distant past. My first experiment with this concept is under way in Arcadia, Greece, using a combination of binaural recordings and psychoacoustic analysis tools. I am an architect and heritage specialist by training; as a graduate student and architecture and historic preservation professional, I helped to document the ruins of a sanctuary dedicated to Zeus on Mount Lykaion. Ancient worship there started as early as about 1600 BCE at the southern peak of the mountain and grew to include athletic contests and burnt offerings as part of ritual practice. is a prominent peak in Arcadia, and its location ensured that the smoke of offerings could quickly reach heaven-bound Zeus while remaining visible in the surrounding region. Today only the foundations of some of the buildings and structures survive. Almost nothing is known about the daily workings of the site in antiquity besides the uses ascribed to each building. The athletic games took place in a hippodrome and stadium placed on flat terraces about 217 meters below the peak. Those venues were surrounded by a cluster of structures including a stoa (a long, narrow colonnaded building for public gathering, offices, or shops), a fountain house, and an athlete’s corridor to the hippodrome. Acoustic analysis During my initial fieldwork documenting the ruins, I sat still for hours at a time, drawing the cut limestone blocks and foundations around me, while groups of archaeologists and surveyors traversed the site doing their own work. At times I would hear clearly people speaking from 75 meters away, only to lose the thread of their conversation as they moved much closer. I began to wonder: Were those moments of acoustic clarity not simply a product of the irregular limestone mountainscape but also part of the sanctuary’s design for ritual activity? [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text does not address ancient agricultural practices; instead, it discusses a survey of an ancient Greek sanctuary's aural heritage and the experiences of sound in such historical sites. Therefore, it is irrelevant to the claim, which focuses on agricultural practices.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: Job creation in the renewable energy sector has outpaced traditional energy jobs in recent years. [SEP] Text: Estimates of net job creation or destruction at a national or regional scale Global analyses are in broad agreement that the net employment effects of climate change mitigation policy and a low carbon energy transition will be positive, estimating that by 2030 and 2050, more jobs will be created by a shift to low carbon, renewable energy than the number of jobs displaced from decommissioning fossil-fuel power plants (e. g. (ILO, 2019; Jacobson et al. , 2019; IRENA, 2021; Pai et al. , 2021). Nevertheless, key questions for policy makers are how job creation and job destruction will be geographically distributed, and how the impacts of this transition will fall in particular countries and regions at different points in time. 2, we summarise the scope, methods, and findings from 14 studies identified in our review which estimate how decarbonisation in the energy sector affects the overall number of jobs created and displaced at a national and/or regional scale. Taken together, these studies represent evidence from Argentina, Brazil, China, India, Japan and eight European countries (including the UK). Half of the studies in Table 2 focus on the impacts of decarbonisation in the power sector alone, but several studies consider other energy sectors such as heat, transport and industry (Sievers et al. , 2019; Füllemann et al. , 2020; Lee et al. , 2022). An important variation between the studies relates to how they use counterfactuals to calculate net employment impacts. Across the 14 documents, overall job creation or destruction is typically estimated as being net of avoided investment in fossil fuels (either domestic industries or imports), or net of reference (e. g. continuation of current policy) scenarios. In terms of methods, input-output analysis is most commonly used (five studies) followed by CGE models (three studies), including Perrier and Quirion (2018) who combine both model types. Sievers et al. (2019) and Lee et al. (2022) apply a macro-economic and macro-econometric model respectively. Five of the identified documents account for direct, indirect and induced employment; five studies consider direct and indirect but not induced jobs; and two studies estimate direct jobs effects alone[2]. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text supports the claim by stating that global analyses agree that the net employment effects of a low carbon energy transition, including a shift to renewable energy, will be positive, with more jobs being created compared to those displaced by decommissioning fossil-fuel power plants. Specifically, it is estimated that by 2030 and 2050, more jobs will be generated through decarbonisation efforts than the number lost in traditional energy sectors. This indicates a clear trend that aligns with the claim regarding job creation dynamics between renewable energy and traditional energy jobs.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Climate change awareness will solve all environmental issues within a few years. [SEP] Text: This intention reflects the extent of motivation and effort that an individual will make to project a behavior and is gauged by his attitude toward the behavior; subjective norms; and supposed behavioral control (de Oliveira et al. , 2019). This theoretical perspective is also applicable to climate action, hence, the interventions are aimed at behavioral change through environmental awareness campaigns directed at creating new attitudes and perceptions about a new behavior by altering mediating factors such as knowledge; and social norms (Mumtaz et al. , 2019). Likewise, social cognitive theory, (Bandura, 2001), also postulates that human factors and environmental inﬂuences are all interactive determinants of human behavior. The concept of self-efficacy, involving peoples’ self-conﬁdence about their capacity to perform certain tasks or undertake a particular behavior, is the central idea of the social cognitive theory (de Oliveira et al. , 2019). Malaysia, Mashud et al. (2015) posited that perception, awareness and knowledge of climate change inﬂuence person’s attitude towards climate change and, consequently, pro-environmental behavior. The climate change awareness entails knowledge creation, values development and accepting and transformation of attitudes and building skills and abilities amongst individuals and social groups regarding the issues of climate change with a view to attain a better quality environment (Akinnubi et al. , 2012). The awareness is ability to directly know and perceive, to feel, or to be conscious of events, thoughts, emotions and sensory patterns. Tonn (2007) defines climate change awareness as “the extent that primary producers understand, relate to, and prioritize climate change as a driver of change within bio-agronomic systems”. The other objectives of awareness-raising are information sharing, increasing concerns, stimulating self-mobilization and mobilization of local knowledge and resources (O’Connor et al. , 1999). Leiserowitz (2007) focused on public perception of climate change and stressed the significance of realizing public perception as it can significantly affect future development and policies regarding environment. Doss and Morris (2001) focused on the perceptions of ethnic communities, the way they think and behave in relation to climate change, as well as their values and aspirations, which they argued have a significant role to play in addressing climate change. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by emphasizing that climate change awareness involves complex behavioral changes and the modification of attitudes and perceptions, which cannot guarantee the immediate resolution of environmental issues. It specifically discusses the necessity of creating new behaviors and ongoing educational efforts, indicating that awareness alone is not sufficient to solve all environmental issues swiftly, as it entails continued efforts and developments in understanding and attitudes towards climate change.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Ancient agricultural practices have remained unchanged until today. [SEP] Text: Was there a reason I could hear my colleagues so well from the ceremonial seats but not from the public fountain house? Such questions required a new approach to site analysis. I needed a way to consistently compare sonic experience from different recording locations. As an architect, I wanted to see the results visually as well as experience them aurally. A satellite view of the site showing the locations of select speakers (large circles) and microphones (small circles) used for acoustic analysis. Zoom in or out to explore the site, and click on points of interest to view photos. Credit: In my work I have employed a binaural recording and analysis system developed by HEAD acoustics in my work. The portable SQobold binaural recording system has microphones in the earpieces of what otherwise looks like a pair of headphones. Its recordings capture a near-perfect impression of one’s sonic experience, from the direction of specific sounds to the subtle reflections off one’s shoulders. The system also records a bounty of data, from actual decibel levels to psychoacoustic measurements such as perceived loudness and sharpness. Those measurements can later be analyzed, visualized, and compared. Click on each label to hear the differences at various locations. All the recordings capture an identical series of sentences (click here for translation from German) projected from a speaker located at the central red dot. The recordings are set to the same volume relative to each other; depending on your playback settings, the absolute levels may be different from the original recordings, but the differences you perceive between the recordings maintain those heard in the field as well. Headphones recommended. Credit: Data from Pamela Jordan; map by Providing comparable measurements requires identical conditions to be recorded. To achieve this on-site, I set up a speaker at human height in a predetermined location—for instance, at the entrance of an ancient building or on a prominent overlook. The speaker plays recorded sounds at a set volume. Wearing the SQobold headset, I then make recordings of how those sounds reach various points of interest around the site. I note meteorological data such as wind velocity, temperature, and relative humidity, as those variables may affect sound propagation and perception. I then move the speaker to another location, and repeat the process. So far, more than 700 recordings have been collected, with about 200 of human speech. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text focuses on acoustic analysis and the use of binaural recording systems in architectural contexts, discussing techniques for capturing and comparing sonic experiences. It does not address agricultural practices or their potential changes over time, rendering it irrelevant to the claim regarding ancient agricultural practices.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: Job creation in the renewable energy sector has outpaced traditional energy jobs in recent years. [SEP] Text: The documents reviewed in Table 2 address the net employment impact of climate change mitigation or decarbonisation scenarios over the next one to three decades, achieving higher shares or capacities of renewable energy and/ or substituting fossil fuels with renewables and energy efficiency. Nine of the 14 studies conclude that, at a national scale, there is likely to be positive net job creation overall from replacing fossil fuels with renewables energy efficiency or as a result of energy sector decarbonisation. Whilst some of these additional jobs are relatively short term since they relate to the construction and installation phase, Arvanitopoulos and Agnolucci (2020) find that in the UK, there is still likely to be an increase in overall jobs in the long term. Perrier and Quirion (2018) observe that both an input-output and CGE model generate positive net employment outcomes in France for a €1 billion investment in solar PV installation or building weatherisation. Three studies find that a mixture of job creation and displacement effects could result in China, India and Italy respectively (Cai et al. , 2017; Mu et al. , 2018; Sharma and Banerjee, 2021). Mu et al. (2018) model alternative ways of financing a feed-in tariff in China to attain a 1 Terawatt-hour (TWh) expansion target for solar PV and wind power. These lead to direct and indirect job creation but induced job losses, with net job creation arising overall in three scenarios and modest net job destruction in one scenario for wind power compared to a reference scenario. Two studies report overall net job destruction or indicate a significant risk of such an outcome (Baran, Szpor and Witajewski-Baltvilks, 2020; et al. , 2021). et al. (2021)’s CGE model analysis concludes that power sector decarbonisation in Argentina could cause a small proportion of job losses across the economy (-0. 5 to -0. 7%), and that net job creation in energy, construction and manufacturing would be offset by job destruction in other economic sectors. Additionally, significant structural change would be implied within the energy sector due to the fast decline of fossil fuels and rapid growth of low carbon power generation (Ibid. ). [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim by summarizing findings from multiple studies that indicate positive net job creation associated with the transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources. It states that nine out of fourteen studies conclude there will be overall job creation from renewable energy and energy efficiency, providing evidence that supports the notion of increasing employment in the renewable energy sector.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Climate change awareness will solve all environmental issues within a few years. [SEP] Text: In recent years, numerous research initiatives have described the gap between environmental awareness, knowledge, and real presentation of pro-environmental behavior (Kollmuss and Agyeman, 2002). However, question arises now as how to address the problems with fundamental awareness and knowledge relatively less pronounced (O’Connor et al. , 1999; Lorenzoni and Pidgeon, 2006; Whitmarsh and Lorenzoni, 2010). Increased climate change awareness in Pakistan could help in preparing and implementing climate change adaptation strategy (Shahid, 2012). It is anticipated that most of the people are aware of climate change phenomenon, but awareness about the impacts of same and urgency of the matter is low. Lack of awareness ultimately leads toward no or little effort to drive the change. There is lack of access/knowledge of effective platform where their voices can be heard/actions can be generated (UNEP, 2006). The awareness raising campaign results into increased awareness of climate change impacts, support, impact assessment, adaptive policy formation, enhance adaptive capacity, indigenous solution and reduced vulnerability. There are various forms of media which help disseminating the message i. e. newspapers, internet, and television (Sampei and Usui, 2009; Arlt et al. , 2011). Madobi (2012) observed that one of the commitments made by the parties under the in 1231. 796 CCA1. 761 df 21 CCA2. 682 Sig. . 000 CCA3. 654 Required CCA4. 702 KMO test = or >. 7 Computed CCA5. 544 Bartlett’s test = or <. 05. 779 CCA6. 774 = or >. 4. 000 CCA7. 593 Table 3: Validity statistics on climate-change adaptation. KMO and Bartlett's Kaiser-Meyer-of Sampling Adequacy. . 849 Bartlett's Test of Sphericity Approx. Chi-Square 1877. 526 CCAD 1. 812 df 10 CCAD 2. 837 Sig. . 000 CCAD 3. 870 Required CCAD 4. 850 KMO test = or >. 7 Computed CCAD 5. 883 Bartlett’s test = or <. 05. 849 = or >. 4. 000 Table 4: Validity statistics on climate-change adaptation issues. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by indicating that while increased climate change awareness can lead to improved understanding and adaptive strategies, there are significant gaps in knowledge and awareness regarding the impacts of climate change. It states that 'awareness about the impacts of … and urgency of the matter is low,' suggesting that simply raising awareness will not be sufficient to address environmental issues within a short timeframe. Furthermore, it highlights the necessity of active response and effective platforms for change, contradicting the notion that awareness alone will lead to solutions.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Ancient agricultural practices have remained unchanged until today. [SEP] Text: Control sounds include a popped balloon, a sinusoidal sweep, and a series of pure tones randomized within the human hearing range. Selective hearing Detailed analysis of the recordings is just beginning, but already some interesting patterns are emerging. First, I have confirmed that a hill in the middle of the sanctuary is an exceptional location for people to both hear and communicate with others across the site. If a person were to stand on a specific spot about a third of the way up the hill, he or she could speak with someone located in the middle of the hippodrome below (around 100 meters away and 25 meters lower in elevation) or in the seats (around 90 meters away and 5 meters lower in elevation). In contrast, the athlete baths and the public fountain houses are essentially cut off acoustically from the majority of the site. The proposed processional way—an easily traversable ridgeline that points from the hippodrome toward the altar above—has also proved to be an intriguing acoustic feature. I have found that, surprisingly, sounds emanating from the ridgeline are not heard very clearly through most of the site. To reach a wider audience, a speaker could move a few meters downhill of the ridgeline. However, equally surprisingly, a listener at the altar can faintly discern sounds from the ridgeline 570 meters away, despite a difference of 187 meters in elevation. What do these types of relationships tell us at a site where the buildings are so thoroughly in ruins? First, the acoustics give an indication of how sound traveled at the site. That is relevant information: Archaeologists have uncovered evidence of the hippodrome dating back to approximately the fifth century BCE and the lower sanctuary from the seventh century BCE, which indicates 100–300 years of ritual use before the visible stone buildings were permanently erected. Details such as where announcements could best be made, how well a hypothetical procession to the altar could be heard, or where to find the best natural seats for spectating can provide information about daily use on par with microscopy of sedimentary levels. The acoustics work also locates potential new areas for further study—archaeologists may be able to find items that ancient spectators dropped in the seating area, for example. Acoustic research also might provide insight into the logic of building placements. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text is irrelevant to the claim as it discusses acoustic research in an archaeological context rather than providing any information related to ancient agricultural practices or their changes over time.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: Job creation in the renewable energy sector has outpaced traditional energy jobs in recent years. [SEP] Text: (2019) investigate a low carbon transition scenario across the energy system using a macroeconomic model and an economic impact assessment model; their approach includes a regional breakdown of employment impacts. While the study finds that a low carbon energy transition could create around 1% more jobs in total nationally from 2010 to 2030, northern and eastern German states would likely gain the most economically given their high suitability of locations for siting renewable energy, and that they are less affected by the phase out of fossil fuel power plants. 3. 4. Economic impacts of net job creation or destruction at a country or regional scale The evidence reviewed in Sections 3. 1 and 3. 2 indicates that renewables and energy efficiency can generate more jobs than fossil fuels for the same level of investment. It does not automatically follow, however, that prioritising investment in these technologies will result in higher employment for any given national economy in the long-term. Investing in options with higher job multipliers such as certain renewable energy CIM activities or installing building energy efficiency interventions makes sense in a depressed economy in which aggregate demand is low compared to potential supply of goods and services (creating a so-called “Keynesian output gap”). In such a context stimulating additional employment in labour-intensive sectors is very likely to lead to higher overall employment (Blyth et al. , 2014). While the circumstances around the COVID-19 economic recession and the 2009 financial crisis are very different, evidence from the 2009 crisis indicates that the green measures (e. g. in renewable energy infrastructure) forming part of the recovery stimulus created more jobs than conventional stimulus measures (Allan et al. , 2020). The CCC recommend that in the short term, “green stimulus policies can be economically advantageous compared to traditional fiscal stimuli. They tend to have higher short run multipliers and higher numbers of jobs created” (CCC, 2020, p. 141). Domestic construction projects such as insulation retrofits or building wind turbines may be particularly favourable and less prone to offshoring services overseas. In comparison to the renewable energy CIM phase, employment in the operation and maintenance of renewable power generation technologies is typically more permanent, with potential to last over technology lifetimes (Ram et al. , 2022). There is a debate in the literature identified in our review around the extent to which policies supporting renewable energy may contribute to longer term economic growth, notwithstanding short-term employment and growth benefits (e. g. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim by providing evidence that renewable energy and energy efficiency can generate more jobs than fossil fuels for the same level of investment. It states that a low carbon energy transition could create around 1% more jobs nationally from 2010 to 2030, particularly benefiting northern and eastern German states. Furthermore, it is mentioned that green measures during economic crises, like the 2009 financial crisis, created more jobs than conventional stimulus measures, supporting the idea that renewable energy sectors may be more effective in job creation compared to traditional energy jobs.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Climate change awareness will solve all environmental issues within a few years. [SEP] Text: This table is self-explanatory, therefore, there is no need to further interpret the table. Table 6: Descriptive statistics. N Min. Max. Mean Std. deviation Climate change awareness 595 1. 80 4. 80 3. 7906. 66690 CC Adaptation 595 1. 40 5. 00 3. 9566. 87375 CCAD Issues 595 1. 00 5. 00 2. 6017. 83679 The table above provides the information about the descriptions of the research variables concerning the total sample size, the minimum and maximum responses rate of the respondents, their mean and standard deviation. This table is also self-explanatory thus, there is no need to further interpret the table. Testing of hypotheses H1: CAA is significantly associated with CCAD and 7: Correlation analysis. Climate change awareness Climate change adaptation Climate change adaptation Pearson correlation. 668** 1 Sig. (2-tailed). 000 N 595 595 Climate change adaptation Correlation -. 564** -. 870** Sig. (2-tailed). 000. 000 N 595 595 **. Correlation is significant at the 0. 01 level (2-tailed). The hypothesis # 1 is substantiated with the positive significant statistics linking climate change awareness with climate change adaptation (R=. 668 and P-value=. 000) and adverse results about the relationship between climate change awareness and climate change adaptation issues. The results show that climate change adaptation issues are negatively and significantly associated with the climate change awareness (R = -. 564 and P-values =. 000) as also climate change adaptation issues are negatively and significantly associated with the climate change adaptation (R = -. 870 and P-values =. 000). Therefore, from the results of correlation about the association among the research variables, the first hypothesis is accepted. H2: CCA significantly and positively predicts CCAD (Positive Prediction) The hypothesis # 2 stands true with R square of (. 446) and Beta-weight of. 875 showing the positive prediction of climate change adaptation by climate change awareness. Meaning that there is 45% variance in the climate change adaptation is due to the climate change awareness. Moreover, the coefficient of regression table shows the significant impact of climate change awareness on the climate change adaptation (Beta =. 875 and P-value =. 000). Therefore, from the results, the hypothesis # is also accepted. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by focusing on the correlation between climate change awareness and climate change adaptation. It states that while climate change awareness has a positive association with climate change adaptation, the issues related to climate change adaptation are negatively associated with climate change awareness, suggesting that awareness alone may not be sufficient to solve environmental issues. Additionally, the results show a 45% variance in climate change adaptation attributable to climate change awareness, indicating that other factors are also significant in addressing environmental issues.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Ancient agricultural practices have remained unchanged until today. [SEP] Text: Is it simple happenstance that the administrative building, which was not necessarily open to the public, has few acoustic relationships to other locations around the site, while the central and public seats, which once held life-size statues and names of previous athletic victors, appear very well connected acoustically? Could the seats in fact have played a prominent role in ritual practice? If only a few weeks of study provided me with notions of where certain activities might have taken place, one can imagine what ancient architects could have done knowing the usage practices of the area for hundreds of years. Next steps Much work remains to compare and understand all of the recordings I’ve gathered. The most popular acoustic tools for analyzing a space, such as the Index, either are designed for interior applications where the geometries and materials are known, are insufficient for complex outdoor environments, or do not consider human perception specifically. That’s why I’m turning to the analysis, a powerful tool that analyzes a sound by integrating the complex components to human hearing. At the site, there are locations where sound between two points can be perceived differently in one direction versus the other. In the top recording, a microphone captures sound at point B1 (the small hill) projected from a speaker at B2 (at the starting blocks inside the hippodrome) 143 meters away. The bottom recording represents the reverse: what is perceived of the same file at B2 when projected from B1. The spectographs depict a analysis, representing human sound perception, that includes the ability to filter out wind and other background sounds. The vertical axis represents the frequency in hertz. The horizontal axis represents time in seconds. The color intensities represent the pressure in compressed pascals (related to perceived loudness); yellow is perceived the most intensely. Click here for the text translation. Credit: Data/map from Pamela Jordan; videos by Human hearing is not absolute, but rather context dependent in space, time, and experience. For instance, your reactions to a child screaming next to you in a playground versus on a crowded bus will likely be different. Music played at a concert may seem disturbingly loud to a person who has never attended such an event before, but not to a seasoned concertgoer. Human hearing also depends heavily on pattern recognition in perceiving and differentiating foreground and background sounds. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text discusses the acoustic characteristics of ancient sites and human sound perception, making it unrelated to the claim about the changelessness of ancient agricultural practices. There is no mention or implication of agricultural practices in the provided text.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: Job creation in the renewable energy sector has outpaced traditional energy jobs in recent years. [SEP] Text: These include: temporal misalignments between the pace and scale of job losses and the rate and capacity of job gains required to compensate them; geographic misalignments between the location of new jobs and the regions in which displaced workers live; skills and job role misalignments between outgoing and incoming energy industries; and value chain misalignments as transitions away from fossil fuels create a shift from conventional mining and fuel extraction to sourcing of renewable energy components and materials (Ibid. ). 5. ConclusionsIn this paper we present findings from a systematic literature review on job creation, quality, and skills in the energy sector, focusing on a shift to renewable energy and energy efficiency. The international literature has revealed that various methods and units are used to estimate the quantity of low carbon energy job creation. In general, much greater standardisation of methods would be desirable in order to compare how many jobs could be created by transitioning to low carbon energy and deploying energy efficiency at a range of scales – from individual projects, through to regional, national and global. Our findings also underline a relative lack of metrics and data in the literature on job quality, skills, and the geographic distribution of employment impacts in decarbonising energy systems, and these should be priority areas for further research. We compare a range of recent gross job creation estimates which indicate that overall, investment in renewable energy and energy efficiency can deliver more jobs than gas or coal power generation. This finding is consistently supported across a range of different job creation metrics and when focusing on different technology life stages, i. e. manufacturing, construction and installation, operation and maintenance. This suggests that policies supporting renewables and energy efficiency may lead to net job creation compared to the counterfactual of jobs which may otherwise have been created by investing in fossil fuels. Gross jobs per USD million invested are found to be highest on average for wind power and building energy efficiency interventions, across 14 studies reviewed. Caution should be applied to interpreting data on gross employment per level of investment for any given technology, which may be indicative of various factors including relative technological maturity, share of spending on local content or imports, share of spending on labour (versus capital) and average salary levels. We identify 14 recent additional studies which estimate the net employment effects of decarbonising part or all of the energy sector at a national scale. These national studies largely agree that the most likely outcome over the next few decades is a modest net positive creation of jobs. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim by discussing findings that indicate investments in renewable energy and energy efficiency can deliver more jobs than traditional energy sources like gas or coal. It mentions that various studies consistently support the conclusion that transitioning to low carbon energy produces greater job creation metrics and that supporting policies for renewables may lead to net job creation compared to fossil fuel investment.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Climate change awareness will solve all environmental issues within a few years. [SEP] Text: H3: CCADI is significantly and negatively explained by CCA (Negative Prediction). In hypothesis # 3, negative relation between the climate change awareness and climate change adaptation issues were tested, which is powerfully substantiated by R square of. 318 and Beta-weight of -. 707. It means that 32% variance in the climate Table 8: Regression analysis. square Std. error of the estimate F Sig. 1. 668a. 446. 445. 65070 478. 011. 000b t Sig. B Std. error Beta 1 (Constant). 639. 154 4. 146. 000 Awareness. 875. 040. 668 21. 863. 000 a. Predictors: Climate change awareness; b. Dependent: Climate change adaptation. Table 9: Regression analysis. Model summary square Std. Error of the Sig. 1. 564a. 318. 317. 69181 276. 068. 000b t Sig. B Std. 1 (Constant) 5. 282. 164 32. 247. 000 Awareness -. 707. 043 -. 564 -16. 615. 000 a. Predictors: climate change awareness; b. Dependent: climate change adaptation issues. change adaptation issues is due to the climate change awareness. Similarly, coefficient of regression provides significant information in deciding the negative prediction (Beta = -. 707 and P-value =. 000). Therefore, hypothesis # 3 is also verified. The next section entails discussions, conclusions and implications of the study. Conclusions and climate change awareness helps in providing the dynamic knowledge about the values development; transformation and acceptance; and involves knowledge creation thereby assisting the individuals in building and shaping their abilities, knowledge, skills and attitudes (Kollmuss and Agyeman, 2002). It further helps the individuals in social groups about the climate change issues with an aim to manage better quality environment concerning climate change (Lorenzoni and Pidgeon, 2006). In this connection, various researchers provide theoretical and statistical evidences, in defining existing gap between actual staging of pro-environmental behavior and environmental knowledge and awareness (Patt and Schröter, 2008). Similarly, aadaptation to climate change includes variations in managing agricultural practices in reaction to variations in climate situations (Bryan and Behrman, 2013). [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by indicating that climate change awareness negatively influences climate change adaptation issues, as evidenced by the significant negative correlation demonstrated (Beta-weight = -.707). The analysis suggests that instead of resolving environmental issues quickly through awareness alone, the relationship is complex and implies that awareness may not translate effectively into action for improving the environment. It emphasizes that while awareness is important, it does not suffice to address the broader challenges posed by climate change.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Ancient agricultural practices have remained unchanged until today. [SEP] Text: That is why we can still hear a friend speak while walking down a busy street at rush hour; we are able to tune out the traffic and focus on the pattern of language instead. This effect can vary somewhat depending on the frequency of the sound. Approach tool incorporates all those special features of the human auditory experience and produces visualizations that accurately depict human experience rather than absolute acoustic conditions. For instance, a typical spectrogram of a field recording will show a great deal of activity at low frequencies due to wind. It might appear as if the wind accounts for all the sound in the area. However, a analysis of the same recording integrates the natural wind filter present in human hearing. Its spectrograms depict the relative intensity of sounds we might be more likely to hear, such as speech. And since human hearing physiology has not changed significantly since antiquity, what is heard today can be measured as a representation of the past as well. Sound can provide an entirely new way to look at a place, to experience the present as a direct reflection of the past. It is important to note that with my research I am not attempting to answer how the ancient soundscape was interpreted or what it meant to the original users. That continues to be the purview of archaeologists and historians. Rather, I am striving to expand our ideas of what constitutes operative heritage and to provide a new way to experience that history. Researchers and the public may soon be able to step into the past by listening to historic remnants rather than simply looking at them. () is an Amsterdam-based architect, heritage specialist, and research fellow investigating acoustics in historic preservation. Her research was made possible by funding from the the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, and field research assistance from Simon Villegas. She extends additional thanks to the village of Ano Karyes, the Mt. , and the Ephoreia of the Ministry of Culture. Approximate translation of the German: “We listen to the splashing stream. He wins six games in a row. A little boy was the winner. The burden was too high. Now, the foundations are being laid. The house does not have any garden. They give standing ovations. The day after tomorrow we drive away. I am looking forward to the meal. Nevertheless nobody got full. " (text excerpted from the Göttinger Satztest/Sentence Test) Please enable JavaScript to view the comments powered by Disqus. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text does not address agricultural practices at all. Instead, it discusses auditory perception and how humans process sound, particularly in relation to experience and heritage. There is no information about ancient agricultural practices or any statements supporting or contrasting the claim.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: Job creation in the renewable energy sector has outpaced traditional energy jobs in recent years. [SEP] Text: Meeting decarbonisation and net zero targets internationally implies a continuous need for jobs over several decades, e. g. to build the new renewables capacity needed for likely greater demands for electrification from transport, heating and cooling, and to carry out widespread low carbon and energy efficiency retrofits across national building stocks. Wider impacts of such activities go well beyond job creation to include co-benefits such as improved air quality, more comfortable homes, more resilient energy supplies and reduced dependence on fossil fuels, whether they are sourced domestically or via imports. There is a substantial literature on the quantity of job creation that may arise from decarbonisation in the energy sector. By comparison, we found a more limited subset of studies which investigate implications of such a transition for employment quality or relative skill levels. It is desirable that a low carbon energy transition should create quality jobs, for example in terms of adequate wages and employee rights, full-time employment, safe working conditions, and permanent rather than temporary jobs. Direct employment in renewable energy manufacturing, construction or installation has been linked to temporary or short-term work in several documents reviewed. It has been suggested that such employment is likely to expire on completion of specific projects. Sequential planning will be required to train and coordinate local workforces required for renewables expansion and building retrofits, minimising time gaps between projects and the need for workers to relocate. There is agreement in the identified literature that green jobs in general tend to be more highly skilled compared to higher carbon occupations. However, it would be overly simplistic to suggest that renewable energy or energy efficiency jobs are necessarily more skilled than employment in fossil fuel sectors. The majority of jobs in the operation and maintenance of wind power and solar PV are in highly skilled, professional occupations. There is also demand for lower-skilled, manual occupations which for example comprise significant shares of solar PV installation and offshore wind construction activities. Nevertheless, several studies suggest that lower-skilled workers are most likely to be affected from job losses as a result of low carbon energy transitions. Stronger international and national labour market standards and regulations are required to ensure displaced employees have access to alternative, decent work in low carbon sectors. There is a need for national policy makers to co-ordinate the development and supply of training so that it takes full account of the wide range of occupational functions required for manufacturing, installing and servicing renewable energy and energy efficiency technologies. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text supports the claim by discussing the continuous need for jobs in the renewable sector to meet decarbonisation and net zero targets, indicating that job creation is likely to grow as the demand for renewable energy increases. The author mentions that there is substantial literature on job creation in the energy sector due to the transition to low carbon energy, suggesting a focus on renewables which aligns with the claim of job creation outpacing traditional energy jobs.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Climate change awareness will solve all environmental issues within a few years. [SEP] Text: However, adaptation is multi-dimensional, complex and multi–scale process and is defined as changes to behavior and economic structures so as to condense susceptibility of societies in face of threatening and scarcity concerning environmental change. Moreover, adaptations practices associated to farm production might contain livestock varieties and diversification of crops, changes in land use practices, changes in strength of production which ultimately involve changing the land fragmentation (livestock production) and the crop location, preservation of nutrients and moisture, intensification and application of irrigation practices and changes in the technique of farming processes (Ali, 2017). However, there are certain issues which coerce the climate change awareness and adaptation vary from region to region and country to country (Agwu and Egbule, 2013). The issues about the awareness and adaptation are multidimensional and recent researches have focused on certain limitations to the climate change awareness and the adaptation besides apparent non-climatic and climatic stressors of climate susceptibility, mainly in the developing countries like Pakistan. Numerous researchers suggested that in context of climate change, experience is caused by both climatic (drought, risky temperature, rainfall) and non-climatic factors (lack of agricultural equipment, income) and thus it becomes highly difficult to comprehend the blend of these factors that worsen the vulnerability of farming households to climate change (Antwi et al. , 2014). The results of the study found positive and strong association between climate change awareness and climate change adaptation with R-value (. 668) and P-value (. 000). The results are in conformity with the findings of a study conducted by Matsalabi et al. (2018) in the context of Niger. Shahid (2012) conducted a study in the context of Lahore, Pakistan and also noted strong association between climate change awareness and climate change adaptation. (Abid et al. , 2017) also found that climate change awareness is significantly correlated with adaptation in agriculture sector in Pakistan, as enhanced knowledge about climate change builds the capacity of farmers for undertaking more effective, efficient and relevant interventions. Chakraborty (2017) in a study conducted in the perspective of the use of Information and communication technology (ICT) as an enabler, also found a strong association between public awareness and climate change adaptation. These findings are also in consonance with the conclusions of a similar study undertaken in the context of India, by Raghuvanshi and Ansari (2017). [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by indicating that adaptation to climate change is a complex and multi-dimensional process that involves various changes to behavior and economic structures. It emphasizes that merely raising climate change awareness is insufficient, as adaptation practices depend on a mix of climatic and non-climatic factors which vary significantly by region. The statement that awareness is correlated with adaptation does not support the idea that awareness alone will solve environmental issues quickly. Several studies mentioned in the text illustrate that, despite increased awareness, the challenges and adaptations required are intricate and not guaranteed to lead to swift resolutions.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: All plants used historically are still cultivated in modern agriculture. [SEP] Text: 1. Guidelines of the Committee on (COPE); 2. Principles of Transparency and in developed by the Committee on (COPE), Directory of Journals (DOAJ), Association (OASPA), and of (WAME). 3. Recommendations for the Conduct, Reporting, Editing, and Publication of in from the of Editors (ICMJE). is committed to protecting the privacy of its contributors and promises not to disclose personal information to third parties without permission, unless for necessary purposes of the publishing process or required by law. Complaints and appeals takes allegations of misconduct (refer to the for more details) seriously. Any allegations of suspicious misconducts should be reported to the Editor-in-Chief of the journal, and the editorial office will launch an immediate confidential investigation by a group of investigation members. Decisions will be made by the investigation group based on clear evidence, and the authors will be informed. If there is any appeal against the decision, it must be made to the publisher within 14 days of the decision date, or else actions will be taken after 14 days. The decision on the appeal is final. Authors can express concerns about delays, extensions, and unreasonable handling procedures during the editing process and the time it takes. The editor-in-chief will be accountable for initiating an investigation into the issue, and the complainant will receive feedback. Reasonable editing procedures will be enhanced. Any complaints and appeals against journals and editors can be directed to the publisher at editorial_office@apacsci. com, and follows COPE guidelines in handling all complaints and appeals. Authors should read the "Author Guidelines" before making a submission, and make sure that the manuscripts were written in accordance to the style and specifications of the journal's policy. All manuscripts submitted to this journal are subject to rigorous peer review. Prior to the peer review process, the manuscripts will be screened for acceptable English language, novelty and relevance to the Focus and Scope of the journal. Any manuscripts submitted to this journal will be treated as confidential materials. The manuscripts will not be disclosed to anyone except individuals such as editorial staff, reviewers and editors who participate in the initial screening, review, processing and preparation of the manuscript for publication (if accepted). A manuscript would not be accepted if it has been published or is currently under consideration for publication in any other journals. The authors are required to notify the editorial team if the findings and data in their submissions have been presented in conferences. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text is irrelevant to the claim as it discusses guidelines and procedures for journal submissions, editorial practices, and investigations into misconduct in publishing, which do not relate to the cultivation of plants in modern agriculture. There is no mention of plants, agriculture, or historical cultivation practices.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: Job creation in the renewable energy sector has outpaced traditional energy jobs in recent years. [SEP] Text: Net job creation (gross jobs created less a counterfactual of jobs created by investment in thermal power plants with equivalent electricity output) was positive for PVDG and energy efficiency measures for all three distribution utilities. Mu et al. (2018) China (based on 2012 Input-Output table). Effect of expanding solar PV and wind power by 1TWh under scenarios with alternative renewable energy financing mechanisms, compared to 2012 reference scenario. CGE modelling: Energy and model (Direct, indirect and induced jobs). Direct and indirect effects lead to job creation and induced effects cause job losses. Overall, 3 of 4 scenarios for solar PV and wind power reveal net job creation of 13,600 to 34,100 jobs/TWh, and 1 scenario net job losses of 800 jobs/TWh. Perrier and Quirion (2018) France (2013) €1 billion investment in solar PV installation or building weatherisation compared with €1 billion avoided investment in power, gas and heat sectors. Input-output and CGE modelling (N/A) Solar PV installation and building weatherisation have positive net employment impacts across both IO and CGE models applied, but positive impacts are higher in the IO model. Sievers et al. (2019) Germany (2010-2030). Power sector, buildings heating and transport, industry, renewable energy and energy efficiency, fossil fuels. Low carbon energy transition scenario and macroeconomic economic impact assessment models of national economy, regional and sectoral distribution of economic and employment impacts (Direct, indirect and induced jobs). By 2030, energy transition scenario results in: 1. 1% higher total employment nationally and 1. 6% higher GDP compared to reference scenario (no new policies). Northern and eastern German states may benefit the most economically as they have attractive locations for renewable energy and are less impacted by declining fossil fuel power generation. Stamopoulos et al. (2021) Greece (2020-2030) Transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy for electricity production including phase out of lignite power generation by 2028. Input-output modelling to assess impact of increased investment in a higher share of renewables under the Energy and (Direct, indirect and induced jobs). Estimated that implementing Energy and would create 154,000 jobs from 2020-2030 and contribute EUR 6. 83 billion to Greek GDP. This overall positive economic impact is attributed mainly to investments in solar PV and wind generation. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim by providing evidence of significant job creation associated with renewable energy initiatives. It presents various studies indicating net job creation from investments in solar PV and wind power, with estimates such as 13,600 to 34,100 jobs per TWh. Furthermore, the findings also highlight positive employment impacts from transitioning to renewable energy sources, such as 154,000 jobs from 2020-2030 in Greece attributed to investments in renewables. This supports the assertion that renewable energy job creation is outpacing that of traditional energy sectors.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Climate change awareness will solve all environmental issues within a few years. [SEP] Text: In another research, the climate change awareness emerged as a significant contributor affecting the ability of main creators to adopt the effective climate change adaptation measures (Whitmarsh and Lorenzoni, 2010). It therefore, validates the concept that higher the awareness level, higher would be the propensity of farmers of employing appropriate adaptation measures to address the climate induced challenges. The results indicate that 45% variance in climate change adaptation occurs due to climate change awareness (R2=. 446, B-value=. 875 and P-value-. 000). Therefore, in order to promote climate change adaptation, more effort needs to be directed at awareness factor by the concerned stakeholders. The study also reflects negative association between climate change awareness and climate change adaptation issues with R-value (-. 564) and P-value (. 000). The results indicate conflicting trends when it comes to the inter-relationship between climate change awareness and climate change adaptation issues. It means that climate change awareness alone (without addressing other grave capacity related constraints) cannot overcome the serious issues related to climate change adaptation. These challenges could be in the form of lack of institutional and human capacity, scarcity of financial resources, lack of research and innovation, and integration of adaptation policy with other related policies (Mumtaz et al. , 2019) and unless these challenges are addressed awareness alone cannot make a difference. Without governmental, departmental and institutional support to address the constraints, enhanced focus on the awareness would (instead) further frustrate the farmers and instigate them to launch movement or campaign resulting into crisis. Similarly, dissemination of relevant and authentic information related to climate change in local language while using appropriate media channel is crucial to influence the farmers to overcome the constraints, effectively and efficiently. The farmers had differing views of efficacy of awareness campaign with regards to medium, language and contents of information related to climate change and particularly with respect to constraints and this variance fluctuates from region to region (Hope, 2016). Cooper et al. (2018) also noted negative association between climate change awareness and adaptation issues (constraints). The regression analysis informs that climate change awareness contributes to the tune of 32% with R2 =. 318, B-value = -. 870 and P-value =. 000. It shows that climate change awareness at current format and procedure is not yielding positive impact particularly in scenarios where the constraints other than the awareness are more pronounced and dogged and merit institutional or governmental intervention for amicable and timely remedial measures. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by asserting that climate change awareness alone is insufficient to address climate change adaptation issues. It highlights that significant challenges such as lack of institutional capacity, scarcity of financial resources, and the need for governmental support must also be addressed. The findings indicate that awareness contributes to only a portion of climate change adaptation (45% variance noted) and without tackling other constraints, heightened awareness may not lead to the expected solutions, potentially even causing frustration among farmers.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: All plants used historically are still cultivated in modern agriculture. [SEP] Text: Conflict of are required to declare any potential conflicts of interest (financial or non-financial) during the submission stage. Any agreements with study sponsors (for-profit or non-profit), such as those that interfere with the authors' access to the study's data or with the authors' ability to analyze or interpret the data and to publish manuscripts independently according to their own decision, should be avoided by authors at all costs. also requires reviewers and editors to declare any (potential) non-financial conflicts of interest and declare any unpaid roles or relations that may influence the decision on the manuscript's publication before acknowledging the assigned request. These include, but are not limited to, unpaid roles in a governmental or non-governmental organization, unpaid roles in an advocacy or lobbying organization, and unpaid advisory positions in a commercial organization. In addition, reviewers and editors must disclose any association that poses a conflict of interest in connection with the manuscript, including but not limited to those interferes with, or could reasonably be perceived as interfering with, the full and objective presentation, peer review, editorial decision-making, or publication of research or non-research 4. 0 International (CC BY 4. 0) or Attribution-Noncommercial 4. 0 International (CC BY-NC 4. 0) license. These licenses allow anyone to download and read the 4. 0, using them for commercial purposes is prohibited). Regarding the default license used, authors should carefully check the policies of the journal to which they would like to submit their manuscript. Authors with no special requests will be deemed to agree to the default license. It is the responsibility of authors to obtain permission to reuse material previously published under a more restrictive license from the copyright holder before the submission stage. These may include figures, tables, and schemes. The publisher requests that this journal only consider advertising applications that are relevant to the contents of the journal, if available. The publisher () reserves the right to accept or refuse advertising. will evaluate whether to accept the request. Advertisements must comply with relevant rules and laws in the country where they will appear. Advertisements should be legible and advertisers identifiable. Sponsors may not arrange or influence editorial decisions including any content in the journal. Advertisements must not be misleading or deceptive. Advertising content must not contain indecent, offensive, or sensitive information (such as politics, ethnicity, gender, religion, etc. ). disclaims responsibility for any damages resulting from advertisements in its journals. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text is irrelevant to the claim as it discusses the conflict of interest declaration process for authors, reviewers, and editors regarding journal submissions rather than addressing the cultivation of plants historically versus in modern agriculture.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: Job creation in the renewable energy sector has outpaced traditional energy jobs in recent years. [SEP] Text: Sharma and Banerjee (2021) India and regional states (2017-2022) Power sector, specifically: solar PV; land use change resulting from siting new solar power plants; coal power stations and coal mining. Analytical, model using employment factors to assess geographic distribution of job creation destruction impacts (Direct and indirect jobs). Achieving national target of installing 100GW of solar PV by 2022 and retirement of coal power stations would lead to net job creation in six southern and western states but net job destruction in six other states with significant coal mining activity, particularly in four states in eastern India. Kamidelivand et al. (2018) Ireland (based on 2010 input-output table) Energy and non-energy sectors; substituting electricity from imported gas and coal with renewables. Input-output substitution model (Direct and indirect jobs). Substituting gas with renewables creates 26. 2 net jobs for each 1 per cent GHG reduced. Cai et al. (2017) Italy (2006-2014) Solar PV, onshore wind, hydropower and bioenergy contribution to value added and employment. Input-output analysis combined with analytical model accounting for imports (Direct and indirect jobs). Renewable energy CIM job creation and value added lower than three counterfactual scenarios - attributed to significant import shares of renewable energy components. Renewable O&M phase used mainly local goods and services and had generally higher labour intensities and value added than counterfactual activities. Kuriyama and Abe (2021) Japan and regions (2016-2050) Power sector decarbonisation using renewable energy. Employment factors based on input-output tables, and scenarios for power sector decarbonisation (Direct and indirect jobs). Shift to low carbon electricity generation via renewables leads to net job creation domestically, particularly in O&M and stable, long duration employment in rural areas. Reduced fossil fuel imports from abroad implies a significant decline in overseas labour. Lee et al. (2022) Japan (2018-2050) Power generation, transport, building heating, steel and other industrial sectors. E3ME macro-econometric model and two policy scenarios (including carbon tax) to reach by 2050 (Direct, indirect and induced jobs). policy scenarios lead to increased GDP (4%-4. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim by providing evidence that transitioning to renewable energy sources, such as solar power, leads to net job creation. It states, for example, that a shift to low carbon electricity generation via renewables results in net job creation domestically, specifically mentioning that 'shift to low carbon electricity generation via renewables leads to net job creation domestically, particularly in O&M and stable, long duration employment in rural areas.' This suggests that the renewable energy sector is creating more jobs relative to traditional energy sectors like coal.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Climate change awareness will solve all environmental issues within a few years. [SEP] Text: Research implications for study Numerous studies have been conducted in the past to explore relations between climate change awareness and adaptations, however, have been limited to either certain geographic zones or specific to particular agriculture environment. Likewise, studies focusing interaction between climate change awareness and adaptation issues are also just a few in the context of Pakistan. This research based on field study has been conducted in the perspective of Pakistan, in an area protracted over two provinces unraveling many facts peculiar to the study area while comparing the findings with those furnished in the previous similar researches. Insofar as future research, the researchers may conduct longitudinal researches, carry out comparative studies, incorporate other variables like climate mitigation measures, use of advanced technical tools as means of dissemination of information etc. and include other geographical and ecological zones. Research implications for farmers We need to provide location-specific and need-based information to farmers which will help in decision making at grassroots level. The need of the hour is to empower the farming community so that they evolve suitable mechanism for short term and long term adaptation strategies to take care of climate change related risks and uncertainties. We need to provide location-specific and need-based information to farmers which will help in decision making at grassroots level. The need of the hour is to empower the farming community so that they evolve suitable mechanism for short term and long term adaptation strategies to take care of climate change related risks and uncertainties. Farmers in general, still follow traditional measures to manage climate induced challenges. The organization of awareness campaigns, formulation of policies or institutionalization of mechanisms without visualizing the ground realities, scientific, academic and research support, can hardly create a meaningful impact. This study finds the need for provision of need-based and location-specific information to farmers, thereby, empowering them to take prudent and timely decisions with regard to adaptation measures. It will help them to institute suitable mechanisms for short term and long term adaptation strategies to mitigate the impact of climate change. Farmers must also educate themselves to use the advanced ICTs as means of dissemination of information and demonstrate dexterity and flexibility to adopt advanced and scientifically validated measures. Suggestions for policy institutions and government We need to provide location-specific and need-based information to farmers which will help in decision making at grassroots level. The need of the hour is to empower the farming community so that they evolve suitable mechanism for short term and long term adaptation strategies to take care of climate change related risks and uncertainties. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by indicating that climate change awareness alone is insufficient to address environmental issues. It emphasizes the need for location-specific and need-based information for farmers, empowering them to adapt to climate change risks. Furthermore, it highlights the limitations of current studies and the necessity for comprehensive, context-specific adaptations rather than relying solely on awareness campaigns. The text suggests that without understanding ground realities and providing tangible support, awareness campaigns will struggle to create a meaningful impact, contradicting the notion that mere awareness can lead to swift solutions.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: All plants used historically are still cultivated in modern agriculture. [SEP] Text: The publisher or journal does not accept advertisements for products or services known to be harmful to health/science or contrary to academic principles. Unless the advertiser requests differently, all advertisements posted by the publisher will be displayed at random. Special requests need to be addressed to the publisher, who will make a final decision on a case-by-case basis within 7 working days. Advertising is independent, with journal web features and academic content free from all advertising and product interference. Once an advertisement is posted online, it will be removed from the journal's website at any time if the Editor-in-Chief or publisher requests that it be removed. For any advertisement queries or appeals/complaints, please contact at editorial_office@apacsci. com. 800. Waiver and believes there should be no barriers to the dissemination of knowledge, and thus offers APC waivers and discounts to authors from low-income countries and authors with special circumstances. Authors should write to the editorial office of the specific journal to apply for waivers and discounts. The decision to approve such applications is made by the editorial office on a case-by-case basis. Publishing fees or waiver status should not influence editorial decision making. Indexing & the 1. , 2. , 3. , 4. in boldface. Likewise, the second and third levels of headings should also be in boldface, for example, 1. 1. , 1. 2. , 1. 1. 1. , 1. 1. 2. introduction should provide a background that gives the broad readership an overall outlook on the field and the research performed. It pinpoints a problem and states the significance of the study. The introduction can conclude with a brief statement on the aim of the work and a comment about whether that aim was achieved. Materials and section provides the general experimental design and methodologies used. The aim is to provide enough details for other investigators to fully replicate the experiments. It is also to facilitate a better understanding of the results obtained. section can be divided into subheadings. This section focuses on the results of the experiments performed. section should provide the significance of the results and identify the impact of the research in a broader context. It should not be redundant or similar to the content of the Results section. Conclusion (Optional) The conclusion section can only be used for interpretation, and not be used to summarize information already presented in the text or abstract. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text is irrelevant to the claim as it discusses the policies of a publisher or journal regarding advertisements and publishing procedures. It does not provide information about plants used historically or their current cultivation in agriculture.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: Plant-based diets are associated with various health benefits, including lower risks of heart disease. [SEP] Text: -19 PreprintsProtocolsVideosJournalsTools & a 10. 21203/rs. 3. rs-2076727/v1This work is licensed under a CC BY 4. 0 LicenseStatus:PostedVersion 1posted You are reading this latest preprint versionAbstractBackground/Objectives: Obesity has become a severe public health challenge globally. The present study aimed to identify separate and interactive dietary, genetic, and other factors that increase the risk of obesity, as measured by body fat mass. Subjects/Methods: We utilized a genome-wide association study to identify genetic variants associated with high-fat mass(obesity; n=10,502) and combined them to generate polygenic risk scores(PRS) of genetic variants interacting with each other in adults aged over 40(n=58,701). We then evaluated dietary and lifestyle factors in subjects to assess what factors might help overcome a genetic propensity for higher body fat. Results: The three-SNP model included brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)_rs6265, fat mass and obesity-associated protein(FTO)_rs1421085, and SEC16B_rs509325. ADCY3_rs6545790 and BAIAP2_rs35867081 minor alleles increased their gene expression in the visceral and subcutaneous adipocytes, but ADCY3_rs6545790 and BAIAP2_rs35867081 minor alleles decreased their gene expression in the hypothalamus. In the three-SNP model, the PRS was associated with body fat mass by 1. 408 and 1. 396 times after adjusting covariates 1 and 2, respectively. However, when separating subjects by PRS of the three-SNP model, a plant-based diet was the most significant factor associated with low body fat, followed by high protein diets and lower energy intakes. They could offset the effects of high genetic risk for high body fat. Conclusions: Modulating nutrient intakes might overcome a high genetic risk for obesity. Dietary choices favoring more plant-based and higher protein foods might help prevent increased body fat in Asians and potentially people of other ethnicities with high polygenetic risk scores. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim by indicating that a plant-based diet was the most significant factor associated with low body fat, which correlates with various health benefits such as lower risks of heart disease. It suggests that dietary choices favoring more plant-based foods can help offset genetic risks for obesity, implying overall health advantages.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Climate change awareness will solve all environmental issues within a few years. [SEP] Text: We need to provide location-specific and need-based information to farmers which will help in decision making at grassroots level. The need of the hour is to empower the farming community so that they evolve suitable mechanism for short term and long term adaptation strategies to take care of climate change related risks and uncertainties. Climate change must be regarded as one of the principal media themes and be incorporated as a subject of regular deliberation and discussion in media. Farmers must be provided credible, relevant (situation and location specific) and timely information through application of advanced ICT tools by the government institutions in collaboration with concerned departments and stakeholders. Moreover, awareness campaigns, workshops, seminars, talk shows, declaration of special days and incorporation of climate change in formal education curriculum are a few measures meriting government’s attention. Interdepartmental coordination is imperative to expedite implementation mechanism, knowledge-based decision-making, promote climate research culture and establish climate policies with sound scientific backing. Author’s Ahmad Khan: Conception of work; data collection; data analysis and interpretation; drafting the 2003. Social aspects of adaptive capacity. Climate change, adaptive capacity and development. Prog. Dev. Stud. 3,3: 179–19. 5. Adger, W. N. , N. W. Arnell and E. L. Tompkins. 2005. Adaptation to climate change across scales. Glob. Environ. Change-Dimens. 15: 77-86. Adger, W. N. , Dessai, S. , Goulden, M. 2009. Are there social limits to adaptation to climate change? . 93, 335–354. Adger, W. Barnett, Jon, Brown, K. , Marshall, N. and O’Brien, K. 2013. of Impacts and Adaptation. Change. 3. 112-117 Ado, A. M. , J. Leshan, P. Savadogo and A. A. Shah. 2018. Farmers’ awareness and perception of climate change impacts: case study of Aguie district in Niger. Environ. Dev. Sustain. 16. Agwu & Idrisa, & Onyekuru, Nwajesus K. , Farauta & Egbule, Chukwudumebi & Ekwe A. 2012. Farmers’ to the Impact of on Agriculture in Northern Nigeria. J. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by emphasizing that addressing climate change requires more than just awareness; it necessitates providing location-specific information and empowering farmers for effective adaptation strategies. It highlights that climate change must be integrated into regular media discussions and supported through coordinated efforts among government institutions and stakeholders, indicating that awareness alone is insufficient to solve environmental issues rapidly.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: All plants used historically are still cultivated in modern agriculture. [SEP] Text: Figures and (photographs, images, graphs, charts, and schematic diagrams) and tables should be referred to within the main text and numbered consecutively as Figure 1, Figure 2, Table 1, Table 2, etc. They should be placed as close as possible to where they are first cited and center-aligned. Both figure captions and table captions should be center-aligned, with figure captions set underneath the figures and table captions above the tables. When captions are longer than one line, they should be left-aligned. Figures can contain multiple panels. They should be numbered by Latin letters with parentheses, e. g. , (a), (b), (c), or (A), (B), (C), placed below the image or within the image. Tables should be in MS Word/Excel table format. Tables containing too much information can be provided as supplementary material. In the main text, all figures and tables should be cited, e. g. , "Table 1 indicates…", "Figures 1 and 2 shows…", and "Figure 1a,b shows…". Lists and bulleted lists and numbered lists are acceptable (refer to the template). Equations should be center-aligned and equation numbers should be right-aligned. If cited in the text, equations should be labeled with numbers in parentheses, e. g. , Equation (1). In-Text 4. 0 (CC BY 4. 0), allowing third parties to share their work (copy, distribute, transmit) and to adapt it, under the condition that the authors are given credit, and that in the event of reuse or distribution, the terms of this license are made clear. With this license, authors hold the copyright without restrictions and are allowed to retain publishing rights without restrictions as long as this journal is the original publisher of the 1. Personal information collects personal information when individuals register on a journal site (e. g. , as an author), when the editorial office helps them register (e. g. , as a reviewer), or when they communicate with or subscribe to notifications. Information, including name, title, affiliation, country, and e-mail address, will be treated as private and only used for activities involving manuscript processing. will not disclose any personal information to third parties. This policy also applies to the information of the co-authors of submissions. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text discusses formatting guidelines for figures and tables in a manuscript but does not address the claim about the cultivation of historically used plants in modern agriculture. Therefore, it is irrelevant to the claim.