Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: Some immersive soundscapes are designed to simulate natural environments, like forests or oceans. [SEP] Text: 3) T0: Pre-Experiment - Participants filled out the informed consent form. - Subsequently, baseline EEG data were recorded without exposure to auditory stimuli. - Following the data recording, participants completed the abbreviated POMS mood state inventory. - Upon completion, participants were instructed to relax, adjust to a comfortable sitting position, and stabilize their mood. T1: - Participants were instructed to wear the light-blocking eye masks and the experimental equipment, with a thorough examination and testing of the instruments conducted by experimenters to ensure proper functionality. - After the examination, auditory stimuli (1 minute of flowing water sounds, followed by 3 minutes of calm, 1 minute of wind rustling leaves, followed by 3 minutes of calm, 1 minute of bird calls, followed by 3 minutes of calm, 1 minute of insect chirping, followed by 3 minutes of calm, and a combination of various nature sounds) were presented using an iPhone 14 Pro and Air(Bluetooth earphones). - eSense attention and eSense relaxation indices were measured both before and after each segment of the auditory stimuli. T2:- After the completion of the auditory stimuli sequence, participants removed the eye masks. - Participants then filled out the POMS inventory again. - Following the completion of the inventory, a second measurement of eSense attention and eSense relaxation indices was conducted. After the experiment, the collected data were exported through a mobile application to generate an Excel table (version 2021), and the data obtained from the positive and negative emotion scales were imported into SPSS 26. 0 for further analysis. After collecting and organizing the collected EEG data and scales, the paired samples were analyzed after listening to the natural soundscape process. The results showed that the five natural soundscapes had different psychological and physiological effects on the participants. 3. Results 3. 1 The influence of natural soundscape on physiology. 3. 1. 1 Difference in relaxation (Pm) Firstly, a normality test was conducted on the Pm values before and after exposure to the five natural soundscapes. For data not conforming to a normal distribution, paired-sample Wilcoxon tests were employed, while paired-sample t-tests were utilized for data exhibiting normal distribution. The results of the tests revealed that the hydroacoustics, birdsong, and the combined sound of various natural elements did not exhibit normal characteristics, whereas demonstrated normal distribution. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim by describing an experiment where participants were exposed to various natural soundscapes, such as flowing water, wind rustling leaves, bird calls, and insect chirping. These auditory stimuli simulate natural environments and are identified as part of the immersive soundscapes mentioned in the claim.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Indoor air quality devices prevent all respiratory issues. [SEP] Text: A point-to-point connection between the measurement node and an advanced processing and communication unit (a PC) permits to deliver the air quality data from the sensing node to the PC and to receive information, such as alarm thresholds, that is used to implement alarm mechanisms in the PDA. The acquired data is processed by the PDA and the results are displayed by the. Considering the cost of the implementation of the air quality sensing node based on a DAQ board plugged to a PDA, and also taking into account the evolution of the area of pervasive computing,, the authors decided to develop air quality monitoring systems based on smart phones and Bluetooth enabled smart sensors. The implemented architecture is presented in figure 10. Figure 10. Air quality virtual measuring system’s architecture based on a smart sensing node (SN) with Bluetooth communication capabilities, and on a smart phoneThe smart sensors indicated in figure 10 are specialized for temperature, air quality and air quality index measurement [16]. When monitoring large spaces, the number of sensing nodes increases, which means that point-to-multipoint architectures must be considered. Advertisement B. Point-to-multipoint Bluetooth architecture and embedded smart phone software An implementation of a point-to-multipoint network architecture that uses Bluetooth compatible smart sensing nodes is presented in figure 11. The sensing nodes provide information about the level of relative humidity, temperature, and air contaminants (e. g. undesired odours that can trigger respiratory disorders). As computation units and human machine interface are included a laptop PC that works as the system server, a touch panel computer (TPC) and a smart phone (SP). The implemented Bluetooth scatter net architecture assures the remote monitoring of the sensing nodes and data communication between the mobile device and smart sensor nodes. The hardware component of the system includes: sensors and conditioning circuits, a data acquisition device Bluetooth enabled (e. g. BlueSentry from Grid Connect), a smart phone with Bluetooth interface (e. g. N70 from Nokia), a situated display (NI TPC2106) Bluetooth compatible through a RS232-to-Bluetooth bridge, and a data communication, data processing and data storage unit (laptop PC). Figure 11. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by describing the functionalities and limitations of air quality monitoring systems. While these systems can provide information on air contaminants that may trigger respiratory disorders, the text does not support the assertion that they prevent 'all' respiratory issues. Instead, it indicates that such systems are designed to monitor conditions but does not imply that they can completely eliminate all respiratory problems.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Curcumin, found in turmeric, has anti-inflammatory properties. [SEP] Text: 0030) respectively for 5 µM or 10 µM of PAC. These observations were confirmed by showing an overexpression (high protein levels) of two autophagy markers (LC3B and p62) in Ca9-22 cells (Fig. 5C). PAC suppresses the process of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in oral cancer cells and mediates the anti-metastatic activity In Fig. 6A, we demonstrated that PAC at 5 µM inhibits the EMT in oral cancer cells, as shown by the increase of E-cadherin, while vimentin expression was decreasing. Metastatic cancer is also closely associated with cell migration. In this sense, we investigated the effect of various PAC concentrations on Ca9-22 cells migrating under treatment by using the (Scratch) Assay. As shown Fig. 6B, PAC at various concentrations was able to decrease the migration of oral cancer cells. Indeed, after 6 h of treatments with PAC, 100% of the scratch area was covered due to cell migration, in the controls, while less than 47% and 33% of the scratched area being covered following exposure to 5 µM or 10 µM, respectively. ROS production during treatments with PAC in oral cancer cells. Our data shows that the intracellular ROS accumulation induced by the treatment for 24 h with PAC was evaluated using a flow cytometer (Fig. 7). The percentage of ROS (+) is low with increased concentration of PAC as treatment. By pre-treating with NAC, the role of PAC in reducing oxidative stress was confirmed. We, therefore, suspect that PAC acts as a powerful antioxidant by producing intracellular glutathione (GSH). GSH generation during treatments with PAC in oral cancer cells. Figure 8 shows that PAC strongly increase the GSH expression with 2. 5 µM compared to controls. The percentage of GSH positive is going up, from 41% with non-treated cells to 69% and 87%, respectively after cell exposure to 5 µM or 10 µM of PAC, for 24 h. PAC is then confirmed to play a crucial role in producing GSH, an antioxidant. Mitochondrial membrane potential is reduced during treatments with PAC in oral cancer cells. The MMP expression that is reduced by PAC was measured by the MitoProbe DiOC2(3) for Flow Cytometry. As shown in Fig. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text does not address the claim regarding curcumin's anti-inflammatory properties. It focuses on PAC and its effects on cancer cells, including processes like epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, cell migration, and oxidative stress, but does not mention curcumin, turmeric, or anti-inflammatory properties.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: Some immersive soundscapes are designed to simulate natural environments, like forests or oceans. [SEP] Text: The results revealed: (1) the Cohen's d value for Pm levels before and after exposure to Hydroacoustics-themed soundscapes was 0. 945, indicating a large effect size; (2) for Windy Sound-themed soundscapes, the Cohen's d value was 4. 873, representing an extremely large effect size; (3) for Birdsong-themed soundscapes, the Cohen's d value was 2. 985, indicating a large effect size; (4) for Insect Chirping-themed soundscapes, the Cohen's d value was 1. 752, indicating a large effect size; (5) for Combined Sound-themed soundscapes, the Cohen's d value was 3. 400, representing an extremely large effect size. In summary, listening to all five types of natural sounds significantly affected the improvement of Pm, with having the greatest impact, followed by Combined Sound, Birdsong, and Insect Chirping. Hydroacoustics had the least restorative effect on Pm. No significant differences between genders were observed in the difference values 1, 3, 4, and 5 (P > 0. 05) (Table 1). This implies that individuals of different genders exhibited consistency in the values of differences 1, 3, 4, and 5 after exposure to the four aforementioned soundscapes. Therefore, gender had no apparent influence on Pm changes after experiencing the specified soundscapes. The significance level for difference value 2 was 0. 01 (P = 0. 00), indicating a significant impact of gender on Pm changes after exposure to Windy Sound. Table 1 One-way ANOVA of gender and Pm before and after listening to five types of natural soundscape Difference value of Pm Gender(Standard deviation) F p 1. 0(n = 26) 2. 0(n = 26) Difference value 1: Hydroacoustics 10. 91 ± 15. 91 21. 83 ± 17. 23 5. 646 0. 021* Difference value 2: 16. 04 ± 2. 31 21. 80 ± 2. 85 64. 014 0. 000** Difference value 3: Birdsong 10. 18 ± 3. 59 11. 00 ± 3. 52 0. 688 0. 411 Difference value 4: 8. 95 ± 4. 67 10. 80 ± 5. 02 1. 883 0. 176 Difference value 5: 25. 51 ± 7. 85 28. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text supports the claim by discussing various types of natural soundscapes such as Hydroacoustics, Windy Sound, Birdsong, Insect Chirping, and Combined Sounds. The mention of these themed soundscapes implies intentional design to evoke immersive experiences of natural environments, thereby corroborating the claim that some soundscapes aim to simulate such environments.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Indoor air quality devices prevent all respiratory issues. [SEP] Text: Distributed air quality measurement architecture associated with respiratory distress triggering factors monitoring based on Bluetooth networking protocol (S1 and S2 are the sensing nodes characterized by T-temperature, H – relative humidity and X- air quality index measurement channel, TPC- touch panel computer, SP- smart phone)The software technologies used to develop the applications for the smart phone running Symbian OS and for the TPC running Windows CE OS, were Java2Me and LabVIEW. The application embedded in the smart phone was named SmartSense Mobile. AirQUbicomp is the application developed using LabVIEW 8. 6 Module for the TPC. This application provides the information about indoor air quality. The SmartSense application has the ability to identify the active smart sensing nodes, to establish a connection via Bluetooth with the nodes, to control the on/off state of the air quality index sensor (XairQ-sensor), and to collect voltage samples from relative humidity, temperature and air quality measuring channels of each node in single-shot mode or in continuous mode. SmartSense also assures the transfer of the indoor air quality values calculated and stored in the smart phone memory extension to the laptop PC through Bluetooth synchronization. After node(s) selection, the operator can choose between the “one sample” acquisition and continuous acquisition. The sample acquisition is triggered by the user in order to test the normal functioning of the sensing node or to verify the measurement accuracy of the considered air parameters (humidity, temperature or broadband pollution) during the system setup. Working in continuous acquisition mode, the smart phone application permits to prevent the asthma or COPD attacks through warnings issued when imposed thresholds previously stored in the Smartconfiguration file are exceeded. The sampling rate of the continuous acquisition mode is set using the text files received through Bluetooth from the PC that runs a SmartAdmin application [16]. Values of time intervals between two successive acquisitions in the 0. 5 min to 60 min interval were considered. These values are adapted to the smart phone’s available memory and also to the time constants of the system associated with temperature, humidity and XairQ index measurement. During continuous monitoring of the indoor air quality, the voltages received from the sensing nodes are converted into physical values by the Smartapplication and stored in this format. The acquired data are saved in a file or can be sent as an SMS to the phone whose number was written in the SmartSense configuration file. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by outlining that while the SmartSense Mobile application can monitor and prevent asthma or COPD attacks through warnings when certain thresholds are exceeded, it does not prevent all respiratory issues. The emphasis on warnings rather than prevention implies that the device assists with certain conditions rather than serving as a comprehensive solution for all respiratory issues.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Curcumin, found in turmeric, has anti-inflammatory properties. [SEP] Text: (2011) showing that PAC has similar effect against breast cancer 21,24. PAC decrease the cell proliferation through the deregulation of the cell cycle. Indeed, PAC treated cells showed high expression of CDKIs including p21, p27, p16 or p53 and Rb. It is well known that these genes suppress tumors, known for being inactive in most types of cancer and also for inhibiting genes with oncogenic functions like cyclin D1 or c-Myc. These molecules have a history of playing a major role in the cell-cycle arrest at G2/M, and ultimately induce inhibition of oral cancer cell proliferation. This is mediated by inhibiting several signaling pathways involved in cancer such as MAPK, Wnt and NF-kB. These data are in accordance with previous studies conducted by Al-Hujaily et al. (2011) and Al-Howail et al. (2016) reporting that PAC could be considered as a powerful nontoxic new chemotherapeutic agent against ER-negative tumors by triggering breast cancer cell apoptosis more than curcumin 21,24, downregulating ERα, c-Myc, cyclin D124 and inducing cell-cycle arrest at G2/M of this cancer cells 21. Also, our results demonstrate that PAC strongly induces oral cancer cell apoptosis mediated via the mitochondrial pathway by increasing the Bax/Bcl-2 protein expression ratios, activating caspase-3/9 and cleaving PARP-1. We conclude that the PAC anti-oral cancer properties were controlled by impairing pro-survival signaling pathways and activating apoptosis pathways such as ERK1/2 activation, but not MEK1/2, AKT activation, NF-kB 35; 36;37 and β-catenin,38 known to be implicated in tumor progression and as well for their resistance to chemo- and radiotherapy in several cancer types. Indeed, it is clearly reported that several oncoproteins such as cyclin D1 and p21 are strongly destabilized by inhibition of ERK1/2 activation. Wnt/β-catenin is the key oncogenic signaling pathway found to be highly active in various types of cancer, including oral cancer 38,39. Similar observation was reported on breast cancer cells being treated with PAC 21;24. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text does not discuss curcumin or its anti-inflammatory properties at all. Instead, it focuses on the effects of PAC (presumably a different compound) against cancer, particularly breast and oral cancer, detailing its mechanism of action. Therefore, it is irrelevant to the claim regarding curcumin.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: Some immersive soundscapes are designed to simulate natural environments, like forests or oceans. [SEP] Text: Hierarchical clustering was performed based on Pm, Pa, PA, and NA indicators for different types of natural soundscapes (Fig. 7). The results (Fig. 8) show that hierarchical clustering based on Pm divides the natural soundscapes into 2 groups. Hydroacoustics, Insect Chirping, and are grouped together, while and Birdsong form a separate category. This suggests consistent effects of Hydroacoustics, Insect Chirping, and on Pm. Based on Pa(Fig. 9), the hierarchical clustering of virtual tourist destinations resulted in 2 clusters. Hydroacoustics and are grouped together, while Windy Sound, Birdsong, and form a separate category. Hierarchical clustering based on PA(Fig. 10) divides virtual tourist destinations into 2 clusters. Hydroacoustics, Insect Chirping, and Birdsong are grouped together, while form a separate category. This indicates consistent effects of Hydroacoustics, Insect Chirping, and Birdsong on PA. Hierarchical clustering based on NA (Fig. 11) divides virtual tourist destinations into 2 clusters. Hydroacoustics is grouped separately, while the other four types of natural soundscapes are collectively placed in another category. The results suggest consistent effects of the four soundscapes, except Hydroacoustics, on NA. 3. 4 Construction of ridge regression model of recovery effect The data below show ridge regression equation models between five natural soundscapes and psychological and physical recovery from national forest parks, and we hope to quantify the recovery effects of soundscapes as much as possible through such mathematical models 4, The results of ridge regression indicate that the significance level based on the F-test is 0. 000***, demonstrating significance at a high level. This suggests a regression relationship between the five natural soundscapes from the national forest park and Pm. Additionally, the goodness of fit for the model, represented by R², is 0. 973, indicating excellent model performance. The formula for the Pm model is: Pm = 6. 448་0. 382 × Windy Sound་0. 065 × Birdsong་0. 13 × Hydroacoustics་0. 078 × Insect Chirping་0. 412 × Combined Sound. Table 4 Ridge regression results on = 0. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim by discussing different types of natural soundscapes, such as Hydroacoustics, Insect Chirping, and Birdsong. It indicates a systematic approach to analyzing these soundscapes, which are typically designed to simulate natural environments. Furthermore, the reference to hierarchical clustering based on various indicators strengthens the idea that these soundscapes have distinct effects and are utilized in contexts simulating environments like forests.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Indoor air quality devices prevent all respiratory issues. [SEP] Text: The continuous acquisition and data conversion software modules work together with an implemented alarm module that permits to generate acoustic alarms to inform that indoor air conditions are critical. The used threshold values (th) are included in table 1. ThMeasured factorsRH[%]T[ºC]XairQ[%]thmin301550thmax5030-Table 1. Threshold values for relative humidity, temperature and air quality index that was used to signalize a likelihood of asthma attack. During visual or acoustic signalling, a set of useful recommendations related to indoor air factors values and the actions necessary to change the indoor air conditions from critical to normal are available through the smart phone GUI. The AirQUbicomp application is designed to continuously monitor the air quality, generating visual and acoustic alarms according to the imposed thresholds. Active interaction with the touch panel computer is permitted after identification of the user through a numeric password. After identification, the user can modify the thresholds related to asthma or can define data logging elements such as the time between readings and the monitoring period (DLog TAB in Fig. 12). The values of temperature, air quality and air quality index as well as the alarms LEDs (AirQ Alarm) are part of the T-RH-XAirQ software TAB. In figure 12 the GUI associated with AirQUbicomp is presented. Figure 12. the developed Smartapplication different tests associated with indoor air quality monitoring were carried out. The data stored in the Nokia N70, is wireless transferred to the database implemented in the laptop PC. Some data related with continuous measurement of the asthma or COPD attack triggering factors are presented in figure 13. In figure 13 (a) the relative humidity is in the limit of automatic alarm generation (RH>50%) while temperature and air quality are inside the interval values associated with “no asthma or COPD attack conditions”. In figure 13 (b) can be observed low levels of the XairQ index when the measurement session started. Based on the information displayed, the user acted to improve the air quality (e. g. by opening the window). The air quality started to improve and, at the same time, room’s temperature and humidity change significantly. Figure 13. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by explaining that indoor air quality devices monitor air conditions and trigger alarms when certain thresholds are exceeded, indicating a likelihood of asthma attacks rather than preventing all respiratory issues. The data suggest that while air quality devices can provide alerts and recommendations to improve indoor conditions, they do not ensure the prevention of all respiratory problems.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Curcumin, found in turmeric, has anti-inflammatory properties. [SEP] Text: Therefore, the strong PAC-dependent apoptosis could be of great value for inhibiting of oral cancer cell proliferation and inducing their death. In a recent study carried out by Al-Qasem et al. (2016), they have published the same effect of PAC on colon cancer cells. They concluded that PAC exhibits anti-colon cancer properties that have potential, by targeting cyclin D1 and suppressing JAK2/STAT3, AKT/mTOR and MEK/ERK signaling pathways as well as their common downstream effector which is cyclin D1 25. We suggest that PAC suppresses the activation of MAPK and the induction of caspase cleavage, leading to the downregulation of several MAPK targets including cyclin D1, p53, and caspases, as Bax, Bcl-2 and cytochrome C. All these are playing key roles in oral tumorigenesis 40–42. We demonstrated that PAC promoted oral cancer cell autophagy and reduced oxidative stress via ROS production. Our results obtained here are in disagreement with several current research studies focusing on the use of anticancer treatments having an effect while apoptosis in cancer cells is induced by increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, our findings are also in concordance with others recent studies reporting that increase in cellular O2 − and H2O2 by NADPH oxidase 43 are leading the stimulation of cancer cell proliferation by ROS-sensitive AKT/ERK signaling pathways and the reduction of cancer cell growth by blocking this enzyme 44; Dikalova et al. , 2010) by using mitoTEMPO, they significantly reduced ROS in cells and inhibited NADPH oxidase activity 43. As for Nazarewicz et al. (2013), they also reported that mitochondrial ROS scavenging by mitoTEMPO can block ROS-sensitive signaling pathways in cancer cells, cancer metabolism and induce cell death 45. Our data suggests that diminishing ROS production, by PAC-treated oral cancer cells, is altering cell signaling mediated by ROS-sensitive 1/2, and p38 as well as inducing cell death. The PAC-attenuation effect from these signaling pathways was the principal factor leading to dramatic changes in oral cancer cell metabolism. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text does not address the claim about curcumin's anti-inflammatory properties. Instead, it discusses the effects of PAC on cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis, particularly in oral cancer cells, along with related cellular mechanisms. The absence of any reference to curcumin or its potential benefits makes the text irrelevant to the claim.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: Some immersive soundscapes are designed to simulate natural environments, like forests or oceans. [SEP] Text: 078* 0. 971 0. 968 310. 949(0. 000***) 0. 272 0. 013 0. 287 20. 214 0. 000*** Birdsong 0. 226 0. 021 0. 225 10. 65 0. 000*** Hydroacoustics 0. 123 0. 025 0. 119 5. 002 0. 000*** 0. 048 0. 026 0. 045 1. 809 0. 077* 0. 306 0. 019 0. 288 16. 241 0. 000*** Note: 1. Dependent variable: PA 2. ***, ** and * represent significance levels of 1%, 5% and 10% respectively 4. Discussion 4. 1 The natural soundscape of the has physiologically restorative capacity This study reveals that, following the exposure to each natural acoustic landscape in Forest Park, China, the participants exhibit significantly altered brainwave values (p < 0. 001). This encompasses specific bands such as α, β, γ, as well as indices derived from these bands, including the eIndex (Pm) and eIndex (Pa). Specifically, a substantial majority of participants experience a noticeable increase in Pm values and a pronounced decrease in Pa values after listening to these five natural acoustic landscapes. The elevation in Pm values suggests an enhancement in the participants' relaxation levels. Zhang and Tan utilized the Pm index to explore the relaxation levels of 70 university students after virtual tourism, stating, "After visiting virtual tourist spots, participants exhibited a significant increase in relaxation levels, manifested by a noticeable rise in the Pm index" 76. In our experiment, we found that all five common natural acoustic landscapes led to a significant increase in Pm. demonstrated the largest effect size on Pm, with a Cohen's d value of 4. 873, surpassing even the Cohen's d value of Combined Sound. This may be attributed to the fact that the chosen sound collection site in is near water, where a narrow pathway creates a "canyon effect," accelerating wind speed. Additionally, the water's abundance of leaves generates a pleasant rustling sound as the wind passes through, contributing to Windy Sound's pronounced relaxation effect. Wang and He (2022) conducted soundscape research in the trial area of Park in China, focusing on the restorative impact of soundscape on participants using heart rate, respiratory rate, and skin conductance levels. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim by discussing the effects of natural acoustic landscapes, specifically mentioning that exposure to these sounds in Forest Park, China, leads to significant physiological restoration and relaxation in participants. It suggests that these soundscapes, which include elements like birdsong and natural water sounds, are designed to mimic the relaxing aspects of natural environments, thus supporting the idea that immersive soundscapes can simulate experiences of nature like forests.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Indoor air quality devices prevent all respiratory issues. [SEP] Text: S1 node monitoring of respiratory distress triggering factorsIn order to find correlations between the air quality and the values of physiological parameters, such as oxygen saturation (SpO2) and heart rate (HR), a digital pulse oxymeter and electrocardiograph apparatus ECG Medlab P-OX 100 was used for testing purposes. Table 2 presents the results of SpO2 and HR for two volunteers, with and without respiratory distress history (RD-N, RD-Y). The physiological values were measured in the same room and for the volunteers seated on a chair. Analyzing the data from table 2, one can notice that in case of the healthy individual (RD-N), values of XairQ lower than 80% and of RH near 50% do not induce changes in HR and SpO2, while a significant increase in the HR of RD-Y is felt. SensornodeT(ºC)RH (%)XairQ(%)RD-NRD-YHRSpO2HRSpO2S117. 247. 462. 772989692S217. 844. 269. 6Table 2. S1 node: air quality and physiological parameter values for two volunteers, with and without respiratory distress historyNowadays, smart phones are provided with operating systems, such as Android OS and iOS, which make the implementation of complex software modules easier and faster. The authors have been working to develop an AirQ Android OS application for a multichannel sensing node. The graphical interface of the implemented application is presented in figure 14. The AirQ dashboard includes elements related with respiration activity (respiration rate). The data logging procedure is done using a smart phone embedded database that can synchronize with Web-based information system database through Wi-Fi or 3G/UMTS communication protocol. Figure 14. AirQ graphical interface implemented in the AndroidOS smart phone Advertisement 5. ConclusionThe quality of life of pulmonary patients greatly depends on the quality of the air they breathe. The identification of the indoor air associated with pathophysiology of COPD and asthma disease is crucial for the primary-prevention strategy. In the preceding paragraphs the authors summarize the main elements of a distributed smart sensing network for indoor air quality assessment. Regarding sensing nodes and signal conditioning, two possible solutions were presented. One based on semiconductor heated sensors and another based on three electrodes’ cells. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by discussing the correlation between air quality and physiological parameters but does not support the notion that indoor air quality devices can prevent all respiratory issues. It specifically mentions that the quality of life for pulmonary patients is highly dependent on air quality, indicating that while improvements can be made, they may not completely prevent respiratory issues. Moreover, it refers to the identification of indoor air quality as crucial for a primary-prevention strategy, which implies that air quality management is part of a broader approach to managing respiratory health rather than a foolproof solution.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Curcumin, found in turmeric, has anti-inflammatory properties. [SEP] Text: As well, its anticancer activity toward mitochondria-targeted antioxidants (GSH) is closely associated with inhibition of ROS-sensitive AKT/ERK survival signaling pathways and glycolysis in human oral cancer cells. GSH is our body’s antioxidant powerhouse that is protecting our cells from free radical damage. It has been well reported that antioxidants have beneficial health effects at physiological concentrations 46. However, in normal situations, the basal level of ROS is crucially good to cell viability. It may prevent oxidative stress by maintaining the balance in ROS homeostasis, especially in cancer cells known for having much faster metabolism and higher ROS levels compared to our controls 46. Inhibition of mitochondrial superoxide may represent a novel, specific anticancer treatment strategy reducing side effects that are cytotoxic. Indeed, our work as well shows that PAC reduced mitochondrial ROS and decreased MMP. Oxidative stress is also known to induce disruption of the latter47 MMP is occurring to play a key role in mitochondrial homeostasis through selective elimination of those that are dysfunctional48. But MMP was considered as the central bioenergetic parameter for transporting ions and proteins that are indispensable for the control of normal mitochondrial function and are correlating with cell differentiation, tumorigenesis and being malignant 49. Many other studies reported that carcinoma-derived cells possess a higher mitochondrial membrane potential than normal ones 50;51 In addition, Schieke et al. (2008)52 published that higher MMP is linked with a tumorigenic property52. After inhibition of MMP by rapamycin treatment on stem cells having a high protonmotive force, its tumorigenicity decreased drastically. Moreover, our findings indicate that PAC induces intracellular ROS, generates mitochondrial superoxide and diminishes MMP leading to the release of cytochrome C in mitochondria and to the enhancement of oxidative stress in oral cancer cells. present study examined the antioral cancer and preferential killing effects of PAC, new analog of curcumine. Our results demonstrate the PAC preferential killing against oral cancer cells without effects on normal oral cells involving the regulation of proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy and oxidative stress. Therefore, PAC inhibits intracellular ROS, increased MitoSOX, diminished MMP, and PAC plays a crucial role in producing GSH, an antioxidant. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text discusses the anticancer activity of a compound referred to as PAC, which is mentioned as an analog of curcumin. However, it does not provide direct evidence or information specific to curcumin's anti-inflammatory properties. The content focuses on oxidative stress, mitochondrial function, and cancer cell metabolism, making it largely irrelevant to the claim about curcumin's anti-inflammatory effects.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: Some immersive soundscapes are designed to simulate natural environments, like forests or oceans. [SEP] Text: Their results indicated that water sound had the greatest impact on participants' heart rate and respiratory rate, suggesting the highest level of relaxation in water sound1. Differences in experimental results may stem from two factors: (1) They proposed that the multitude of water bodies in Park might be a contributing factor, while predominantly features mountainous terrain, with being most significant in the selected soundscape location. This may be one reason for the disparate conclusions. (2) Their study included only Insect Chirping, Birdsong, Hydroacoustics, and in the natural sounds, excluding present in our experiment. This discrepancy may be due to variations in soundscape locations. While our study confirms a substantial impact of on relaxation, the conclusions are somewhat limited by the different positioning of national forest parks. The marked decrease in Pa values indicates a relaxation of the participants' cortical brain regions, suggesting a noticeable decline in their attention levels. In our Pa study, we similarly observed a significant impact of all five natural acoustic landscapes in reducing Pa, with the largest Cohen's d before and after listening to Combined Sound. This implies that stands out in diminishing individuals' attention levels compared to the other four natural acoustic landscapes. Ding (2022) used the Pa index in her study on plant feature p77. Our study aligns with Ding's research methodology in EEG signals, validating the intuitive responsiveness of the Pa signal to changes in participants' EEG. In conclusion, the natural acoustic landscapes of national forest parks can induce distinct positive effects on EEG signals, manifested by a reduction in Pa and an increase in Pm, partially confirming Hypothesis 1. 4. 1 The natural soundscape of the has psychological restorative capacity This study discovered noticeable changes in participants' pre- and post-evaluations on the Profile of (POMS) scale after listening to the five natural soundscapes in Forest Park. The seven indicators of the abbreviated POMS scale can be categorized into positive emotions (including Vigor and Self-esteem) and negative emotions (including Tension, Anger, Anxiety, Depression, and Fatigue). Specifically, after experiencing the natural soundscapes, three participants showed a decrease in positive emotions (PA), while 49 participants exhibited an increase. Additionally, 44 participants showed a decrease in negative emotions (NA), while 8 participants displayed an increase. The increase in PA directly indicates that participants subjectively perceived gaining energy and vitality from the natural soundscapes. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim by discussing natural soundscapes, specifically highlighting that the study found positive psychological effects from listening to five natural soundscapes in Forest Park. It indicates that these natural acoustic landscapes can induce relaxation and have a psychological restorative capacity, which supports the idea that immersive soundscapes can effectively simulate natural environments.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Indoor air quality devices prevent all respiratory issues. [SEP] Text: For data processing purposes, a hybrid solution based on polynomial and artificial neural networks modelling is presented. The last part of the 1. “Quality”, on-line at Agency, “Every breath you take- air quality in Europe”, on-line at. NesbittL. P. MunkleyD. MaloneyJ. et al. 2007 “Advanced life support for out-of hospital respiratory distress”, NEJM, 356 24 21562164 4. RabeK. F. HurdS. AnzuentoA. . et al. 2007 “Global strategy for the diagnosis management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: GOLD executive summary”, 176 6 532555 5. HoggJ. C. ChuF. UtokaparchS. et al. 2004 “The nature of small-airway obstruction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease”, NEJM, 350 26 26452653 6. WHO, 2007 Asthma: BartolomeoJ. 1995 “Detecting CO in the home”, 5155 Oct. 8. SarryF. LumbrerasM. 2000Ga “Gas discrimination in an air-conditioned system”, IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas. , 49 4 809812 Aug. 9. PostolacheO. Dias PereiraJ. M. GirãoP. 2005 "Smart sensor network for air quality monitoring", Proc. IEEE Instrumentation and Conf. , Ottawa, Canada, 1 537542 10. MarcoS. OrtegaA. PardoA. SamitierJ. 1998Ga “Gas identification with tin oxide sensor array and self-organizing maps: Adaptive correction of sensor drifts”, IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas. , 47 1 316320 Feb. 11. MénilF. SusbiellesM. DebédaH. LucatC. TardyP. 2005 “Evidence of a correlation between the non-linearity of chemical sensors and the asymmetry of their response and recovery curves,” Sens. Actuators B, Chem. , 106 1 407423 Apr. 29, 12. Dias PereiraJ. M. Silva GirãoP. M. B. PostolacheO. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text is irrelevant to the claim, as it contains a series of citations and references related to air quality and respiratory issues but does not provide any information or argument that supports or contrasts the idea that indoor air quality devices can prevent all respiratory issues. There is no analysis or data in the text that addresses the effectiveness of these devices, making the information presented largely tangential or unrelated to the claim.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Curcumin, found in turmeric, has anti-inflammatory properties. [SEP] Text: With its preferential killing ability, PAC may provide a potential for improving oral cancer therapy without a cytotoxic side effect to normal oral cells. The future studies will be to combine cisplatin with this new curcumin analog (PAC), to normalize cisplatin side effects and potential drug resistance on oral cancer. AbbreviationsBcl-2: B-cell lymphoma 2. CDKI: Cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor. DMSO: Dimethyl Sulfoxide. EMT: Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition. FBS: Serum. FCS: Serum. GSH: Glutathione. GEC: Cells. LDH: lactate dehydrogenase. MTT: 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-Y1)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide. MEK/ERK: Mitogen-activated protein kinase/Extracellular signal-regulated Kinase. MMP: Potential. NF-κB: Nuclear factor-kappa B. OC-SCC: Carcinoma. PAC: (3,5-Bis (4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)-N-methyl-4-piperidone). PARP1: Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase 1. ROS: Species. SD: Standard Deviation. DeclarationsConflicts of Interest: All authors declare no conflict of interest. Authors’ contributions: AS conducted all experiments, analyzed, interpreted the data and wrote the manuscript. CC conducted western blotting experiments. FC is supervisor and finalize the manuscript. BA and IA synthetized PAC All of the authors read and approved the final manuscript. Funding: This work was supported by the Colgate-Palmolive Compagny10. 7860/JCDR/2014/8506. 4560 (2014). Silverman, S. , Jr. Oral cancer: complications of therapy. 88, 122–126, doi:10. 1016/s1079-2104(99)70103-4 (1999). Zheng, J. W. , Qiu, W. L. & Zhang, Z. Y. Combined and sequential treatment of oral and maxillofacial malignancies: an evolving concept and clinical protocol. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text does not address the claim regarding curcumin's anti-inflammatory properties. Instead, it discusses a different curcumin analog (PAC) in the context of oral cancer therapy and its potential benefits in combination with cisplatin. Therefore, the text is irrelevant to the claim.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: Some immersive soundscapes are designed to simulate natural environments, like forests or oceans. [SEP] Text: The decrease in negative emotions (NA) suggests that participants subjectively felt recovery from negative emotional states. Regarding psychological indicators, the change in Fatigue was the most significant (p < 0. 001), while the change in Anger was the least significant (p > 0. 05). This implies that the restoration impact of national forest parks' natural soundscapes on Fatigue is the most pronounced, while the influence on Anger is relatively weak. In summary, national forest parks' natural soundscapes also exhibit significant positive effects on psychological aspects, thereby providing additional support for the partial correctness of Hypothesis 1. Therefore,1. 2 and 1. 1 collectively validate the accuracy of Hypothesis 1. 4. 3 Combined sound has a better psychophysical restorative effect than single-element sound. This study responded to the restorative differences of the different elements of the natural soundscape by comparing the difference in Cohen's d between before and after listening to them; in other words, those with a large Cohen's d were more restorative, and vice versa for those with a small Cohen's d. In the comparison of Pm, Hydroacoustics had the largest difference in Pm for Windy Sound, followed by Combined Sound, Birdsong, and Insect Chirping. In the comparison of Pm, the largest Cohen's d difference is Windy Sound, followed by Combined Sound, Birdsong, and Insect Chirping. Hydroacoustics has the worst restorative effect on Pm; in the comparison of Pa, the largest Cohen's d difference is Combined Sound, followed by Birdsong, Insect Chirping, and Hydroacoustics, and had the worst restorative effect on Pa. In the evaluation of psychology, had the highest subjective psychological score. Taken together, has the highest average ranking, so it can be assumed that has the best restorative effect compared to the other four single-element sounds, which also proves that hypothesis H2 is correct. 4. 4 The effect of gender on restorative sexual effects In the realm of psychological and physiological restoration, this study found that gender is not a highly significant influencing factor, except for Windy Sound, which exhibits relatively noticeable gender characteristics. This observation might indirectly suggest that the natural soundscapes in national forest parks have a pronounced restorative effect across all genders. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim by discussing the restorative effects of natural soundscapes found in national forest parks. It emphasizes the positive psychological impacts and recovery from negative emotional states derived from listening to these soundscapes, which are designed to simulate natural environments. The references to sounds like 'Windy Sound,' 'Birdsong,' and 'Insect Chirping' further align with the idea of immersive soundscapes that replicate natural experiences.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Indoor air quality devices prevent all respiratory issues. [SEP] Text: The cube on the left represents a volume of air that is at 75°F, with 30% relative humidity. This means that it is holding 30% of the moisture that it is capable of holding. When that same amount of air cools to 40°F, it contains the same amount of water, but it is now at 100% relative humidity. In other words, it is holding all of the moisture that it can hold. Moisture will condense at 100% relative humidity. This is also called the saturation point or the dew point temperature. Figure 1. Warm air holds more moisture than cold air. When warm, moist air comes in contact with a cold surface, the water vapor in that air condenses to liquid water. In the case of a cold window, when warmer, humid air moves closer to the window, its temperature drops, and therefore its moisture-holding capability also drops. When this air touches the window, it condenses. The same thing happens on a warm and humid summer day, when warm, humid air condenses on cold beverage bottles, cans, or glasses. Sometimes, condensation on a window can be a nuisance. Other times, it can be serious enough that moisture will accumulate on the sash and on the sill, causing mold growth, warping that will damage the airtight seal between panes of glass, and even rotting. Mold spores are ubiquitous, and when a spore lands on a surface at the right temperature, with a food source—in this case, cellulose—and moisture, mold will grow. Mold is a fungus; and as fungi grow, they release large numbers of spores into the air. And as mold digests cellulosic products, such as wood, as food, it releases carbon dioxide, water, and microbiological volatile organic compounds (mVOCs) into the air. Airborne spores affect asthmatics and people with allergies by acting as asthma triggers and the cause of respiratory illness. Microbiological volatile organic compounds are responsible for the musty smell associated with mold growth. Inhalation of mVOCs by humans can cause mycotoxicosis, symptoms of which include difficulty breathing, sore throat, bloody nose, and skin rashes. Preventing health problems caused by exposure to mold is done by controlling moisture in homes. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by explaining that while controlling moisture in homes can help prevent health problems caused by mold exposure, it does not ensure that all respiratory issues are prevented. It discusses the relationship between humidity, mold growth, and respiratory issues, indicating that mold spores can affect those with asthma and allergies. This suggests that simply having indoor air quality devices does not guarantee prevention of all respiratory issues, as other factors and types of air contaminants exist.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Curcumin, found in turmeric, has anti-inflammatory properties. [SEP] Text: J (Engl) 121, 1945–1952 (2008). Galluzzi, L. et al. Molecular mechanisms of cisplatin resistance. Oncogene 31, 1869–1883, doi:10. 1038/onc. 2011. 384 (2012). Bansal, R. & Singh, R. Exploring the potential of natural and synthetic neuroprotective steroids against neurodegenerative disorders: A literature review. Rev 38, 1126–1158, doi:10. 1002/med. 21458 (2018). Chhabra, G. et al. Prostate cancer chemoprevention by natural agents: Clinical evidence and potential implications. 422, 9–18, doi:10. 1016/j. canlet. 2018. 02. 025 (2018). Ramana, K. V. , Reddy, A. B. M. , Majeti, N. & Singhal, S. S. of Natural Antioxidants. 2018, 9471051, doi:10. 1155/2018/9471051 (2018). Menon, V. P. & Sudheer, A. R. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of curcumin. 595, 105–125, doi:10. 1007/978-0-387-46401-5_3 (2007). Amalraj, A. , Pius, A. , Gopi, S. & Gopi, S. Biological activities of curcuminoids, other biomolecules from turmeric and their derivatives - A review. J Med 7, 205–233, doi:10. 1016/j. jtcme. 2016. 05. 005 (2017). Mahmood, K. , Zia, K. M. , Zuber, M. , Salman, M. & Anjum, M. N. Recent developments in curcumin and curcumin based polymeric materials for biomedical applications: A review. 81, 877–890, doi:10. 1016/j. ijbiomac. 2015. 09. 026 (2015). Dohare, P. , Varma, S. & Ray, M. Curcuma oil modulates the nitric oxide system response to cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. 19, 1–11, doi:10. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text does not address or provide any information related to the claim about curcumin's anti-inflammatory properties. Instead, it contains citations from various studies and reviews related to different aspects of curcumin and other natural agents, but lacks a direct discussion on the anti-inflammatory properties of curcumin. Therefore, it is deemed irrelevant to the claim.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: Some immersive soundscapes are designed to simulate natural environments, like forests or oceans. [SEP] Text: 5. ConclusionsIn this study, using as the study site, we preliminarily investigated the differences between single-element natural soundscapes and natural soundscapes with multi-element combinations in terms of their effects on human psychophysiological recovery. We drew the following conclusions: (1) in Park: The psychological restoration capacity of natural soundscapes in the national forest park was confirmed. Significant changes (p = 0. 001) were observed in psychological and physiological indicators after participants listened to each segment of the natural soundscapes. Relaxation index increased, attention index decreased, positive emotions significantly increased, and negative emotions significantly decreased. (2) of Soundscapes: ranked first in the average restoration effectiveness, indicating that the combination of multiple natural sounds indeed provides better restorative effects compared to single-element sounds. (3) on Restoration: Generally, gender does not significantly impact restoration effects. However, exhibited notable gender differences in restoration effects (p = 0. 001). Despite this, in general, the impact of gender on the restoration effects of natural soundscapes is not significant. The study sheds light on the comparative analysis of the psychological and physiological restorative effects of different elemental natural soundscapes in national forest parks. It contrasts the restorative effects of combined natural sounds with those of single-element natural sounds. Utilizing ridge regression, a mathematical model for the restoration of psychology and physiology by natural soundscapes was constructed, quantifying specific weight coefficients for the five common natural soundscapes. Based on the research findings, the study proposes the following recommendations:(1) Advantages: National forest parks should fully explore their acoustic advantages, providing free psychological restoration spaces for an increasing number of visitors. (2) Selection of Locations: Locations for soundscape therapy should be chosen in areas with a variety of natural soundscape elements, such as waterfront trails with Hydroacoustics, Birdsong, and Windy Sound, avoiding sites with only one or two natural sounds. (3) as a Restoration Asset: The effectiveness of for restoration has been confirmed. The study recommends developing dedicated wind-themed soundscape restoration locations within national forest parks, capitalizing on the outstanding restoration capabilities of Windy Sound. The study establishes the positive impact of natural soundscapes in national forest parks on the psychological and physiological well-being of individuals. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text supports the claim by discussing the psychological and physiological restorative effects of natural soundscapes in national forest parks. It highlights how these natural soundscapes, which can be viewed as immersive, contribute to psychological restoration, indicating that these environments, designed with multi-element natural sounds, have significant positive effects on well-being.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Indoor air quality devices prevent all respiratory issues. [SEP] Text: This means maintaining relative humidity at levels that do not allow for moisture condensation on windows and other surfaces, regularly inspecting plumbing pipes and fixtures for leaks, and preventing the entry of water from outside the home by maintaining roofs and siding and having a water-managed foundation. Another biological contaminant commonly found in homes is the house dust mite, which feeds on skin cells that are naturally shed from human bodies. Fecal pellets from this microscopic arachnid contain a protein that is an allergen and asthma trigger. Dust mites thrive in humid environments and live in upholstered furniture, bedding, carpeting, and stuffed animals. They cannot survive at relative humidity levels below 50% [6]. Other biological contaminants in indoor air include viruses, bacteria, pollen, and animal dander. All of these can be controlled through regular house cleaning. 2. 1. number of factors contribute to the high levels of energy efficiency that are now possible in new and existing homes. Airtightening measures—those that prevent air infiltration through the building shell—are among the most critical of these. In new construction and in the improvement of an existing home, low air infiltration rates are achieved through an attention to the details of both construction materials and practices. And as air leakage has decreased in homes, ventilation has become a residential design issue because of problems that arise from excess moisture and other indoor air pollutants. Before airtightening measures were as widespread as they now are, ventilation of homes was achieved naturally, as air leaked in and out of cracks in the building shell—around windows and doors, where dissimilar building materials meet, and other places. Natural ventilation is undesirable because it can never be controlled. Its rate depends on wind speed, vegetation around a house, site topography, and other variables. And natural ventilation imposes large energy costs on a home because the incoming infiltration air must be heated in the winter in cold climates. But in the absence of natural ventilation, mechanical ventilation is necessary for removing moisture and other pollutants as well as bringing fresh air into a home. A basic mechanical ventilation system consists of exhaust fans, which are ducted to the outdoors, in kitchens and bathrooms. Conventional clothes dryers should always be ducted to the outdoors, although some electric clothes dryers vent into the washer. And some clothes washers also act as dryers. An issue that arises in airtight homes is the provision of make-up air for exhaust systems. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by discussing various factors affecting indoor air quality, including humidity control and the presence of biological contaminants like dust mites, viruses, and bacteria. It emphasizes that while devices can help manage air quality, they do not prevent all respiratory issues, as these issues can also stem from factors like humidity and the presence of allergens, which are not solely addressed by indoor air quality devices.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Curcumin, found in turmeric, has anti-inflammatory properties. [SEP] Text: 1016/j. niox. 2008. 04. 020 (2008). Mirzaei, H. et al. Phytosomal curcumin: A review of pharmacokinetic, experimental and clinical studies. 85, 102–112, doi:10. 1016/j. biopha. 2016. 11. 098 (2017). Hewlings, S. J. & Kalman, D. S. Curcumin: A Review of Its' Effects on Human Health. Foods 6, doi:10. 3390/foods6100092 (2017). Wilken, R. , Veena, M. S. , Wang, M. B. & Srivatsan, E. S. Curcumin: A review of anti-cancer properties and therapeutic activity in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. 10, 12, doi:10. 1186/1476-4598-10-12 (2011). He, Y. et al. Curcumin, inflammation, and chronic diseases: how are they linked? Molecules 20, 9183–9213, doi:10. 3390/molecules20059183 (2015). Vallianou, N. G. , Evangelopoulos, A. , Schizas, N. & Kazazis, C. Potential anticancer properties and mechanisms of action of curcumin. 35, 645–651 (2015). Rodrigues, F. C. , Anil Kumar, N. V. & Thakur, G. Developments in the anticancer activity of structurally modified curcumin: An up-to-date review. 177, 76–104, doi:10. 1016/j. ejmech. 2019. 04. 058 (2019). Al-Hujaily, E. M. et al. PAC, a novel curcumin analogue, has anti-breast cancer properties with higher efficiency on ER-negative cells. 128, 97–107, doi:10. 1007/s10549-010-1089-3 (2011). Youssef, K. M. et al. Synthesis of curcumin analogues as potential antioxidant, cancer chemopreventive agents. (Weinheim) 337, 42–54, doi:10. 1002/ardp. 200300763 (2004). [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text provides a series of references and studies related to curcumin, but it does not explicitly state the anti-inflammatory properties of curcumin itself. Therefore, the text is irrelevant to the claim about anti-inflammatory properties.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: Some immersive soundscapes are designed to simulate natural environments, like forests or oceans. [SEP] Text: Skip to main contentSearchDashboardcaret-downLoginLogin or 2021Published on May 21, 2021DOI10. 21428/92fbeb44. b76ec25eEunomos: visually augmented natural soundscapesEunomos is an audio-reactive sonic art installations which features a traveling group of "electronic creatures" called Speculātors. The Speculātors are placed within a natural environment where they react using illuminated visual feedback according to environmental conditions. by Nathan Villicaña-ShawPublished onMay 21, 2021CiteSocialDownloadContentslast released3 years agoShow detailsEunomos: visually augmented natural soundscapesContents·AbstractEunomos is an audio-reactive sonic art installations which features a traveling group of "electronic creatures" called Speculātors. The Speculātors are placed within a natural environment where they react using illuminated visual feedback according to environmental conditions. Project DescriptionImage 1Speculātors installed off Route 66 in Northern Arizona. The majority of sonic artworks present sounds produced by the artist as the primary sonic and artistic subject of the work. installation takes a different approach by offering the in-situ sonic environment, in its sonically unaltered form, as the artistic subject. The installation consists of the placement of a multitude of independent, environmentally aware electronic artifacts, which provide illuminated visual feedback through the actuation of based on the unique sonic perspective each unit develops throughout the installation period. For NIME, the artist proposes to edit video documentation of the Eunomos pop-up installations conducted in multiple countries to form a reel for each day of the conference to be played on repeat with the accompanying audio recordings. Image 2Close-up of Speculātor unit as installed near Lake, California. When exhibited in-situ, the Eunomos installation is facilitated by Speculātors electronic creatures (see accompanying images). In the installations, Speculātors are suspended from features in the environment fully exposed to environmental conditions — juxtaposing the electronic with the natural. The placement of Speculātors, along with their exposed clear acrylic visual aesthetic, hints at both the fragility of the soundscape they are augmenting and their vulnerability to natural forces. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text supports the claim by discussing a project called Eunomos, which features installations that augment natural soundscapes. It specifically mentions that the Speculātors, which are electronic creatures, are placed within natural environments, indicating a design that interacts with and enhances the authentic sound of those environments. This aligns with the idea that immersive soundscapes can be designed to simulate natural settings.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Indoor air quality devices prevent all respiratory issues. [SEP] Text: As exhaust fans pull air out of a house, that air must be replaced. In a leaky house, that air is supplied through infiltration. This happens because the fans place negative pressure on a house and, if no windows are open, pull in air from cracks that exist in the building enclosure or from a chimney, which can be dangerous if the chimney is connected to an operating combustion appliance. Other ventilation systems exist that not only pull air out of a house but also provide make-up air. Figure 2 shows temperature-difference-driven infiltration, also called the stack effect. In simpler terms: a house comes under negative pressure as warm air naturally rises to upper levels of a house. That warm air escapes through various faults in the building enclosure, including cracks that form at junctions of different types of construction materials, such as those where brick meets wood siding. Warm air also escapes from unsealed cracks around windows and doors. All air that leaves a house in this manner must be replenished. This happens when air leaving the house creates suction pressure on lower house levels, which causes soil gases, including radon, to be pulled into the house. Figure 2. The stack effect. Figure 3 shows how combustion appliances can also bring a house under negative pressure. All combustion appliances use some type of fuel, whether it is fuel oil, natural gas, propane, or wood. Oxygen is needed to fuel the fire, and if that oxygen comes from indoor air, it will put negative pressure on a house, just like the stack effect does. Air gets drawn into the appliance, fuels the fire, and that air needs to be replaced. The replaced air comes in through cracks in the building enclosure as well as cracks in the foundation of the basement, which can allow soil gases to enter the home. Figure 3. Combustion air concepts. A solution to negative pressure caused by a combustion appliance is to use a sealed combustion appliance. This type of furnace or boiler brings air to the combustion chamber through a pipe that originates outside the house. Sealed systems typically have a second heat exchanger that extracts heat from combustion gases that would normally be exhausted by the chimney in a conventional system. Instead, extracting additional heat from combustion gases results in exhaust gases that are cool enough to be exhausted from the house through a pipe through an exterior wall, much like a clothes dryer vent. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by discussing how indoor air quality issues can arise from negative pressure in a house, leading to the infiltration of soil gases, including radon, which can negatively affect health. It explains that while certain ventilation strategies may help manage air quality, they do not completely eliminate risks associated with other factors like gas infiltration and combustion appliances. Therefore, the implication that indoor air quality devices can prevent all respiratory issues is not supported by this text.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Curcumin, found in turmeric, has anti-inflammatory properties. [SEP] Text: Chainoglou, E. & Hadjipavlou-Litina, D. Curcumin analogues and derivatives with anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory activity: Structural characteristics and molecular targets. 14, 821–842, doi:10. 1080/17460441. 2019. 1614560 (2019). Al-Howail, H. A. et al. PAC down-regulates estrogen receptor alpha and suppresses epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in breast cancer cells. BMC Cancer 16, 540, doi:10. 1186/s12885-016-2583-8 (2016). Al-Qasem, A. et al. PAC exhibits potent anti-colon cancer properties through targeting cyclin D1 and suppressing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. 55, 233–244, doi:10. 1002/mc. 22271 (2016). Semlali, A. , Witoled, C. , Alanazi, M. & Rouabhia, M. Whole cigarette smoke increased the expression of and proinflammory cytokines by human gingival epithelial cells through different signaling pathways. PLoS One 7, e52614, doi:10. 1371/journal. pone. 0052614 (2012). Alanazi, H. , Park, H. J. , Chakir, J. , Semlali, A. & Rouabhia, M. Comparative study of the effects of cigarette smoke and electronic cigarettes on human gingival fibroblast proliferation, migration and apoptosis. Toxicol 118, 390–398, doi:10. 1016/j. fct. 2018. 05. 049 (2018). Semlali, A. , Chakir, J. & Rouabhia, M. Effects of whole cigarette smoke on human gingival fibroblast adhesion, growth, and migration. J 74, 848–862, doi:10. 1080/15287394. 2011. 570230 (2011). Tang, J. Y. et al. A novel sulfonyl chromen-4-ones (CHW09) preferentially kills oral cancer cells showing apoptosis, oxidative stress, and DNA damage. 33, 1195–1203, doi:10. 1002/tox. 22625 (2018). [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text is irrelevant to the claim as it contains various studies and research articles related to different topics, such as cancer properties and the effects of cigarette smoke, without any mention or discussion of curcumin or its anti-inflammatory properties.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: Research suggests that soundscapes can positively impact mood and mental well-being. [SEP] Text: And this participant discussed distancing from negative memories as a result of his positive moods: I think that when I’m in a more positive state I tend to distance myself from negative things in order to stay in a positive state. Lastly, we examined how our target word categories used in reflections correlated with responses to specific well-being scales. For the group, reductions in Satisfaction with Life were correlated with a greater percentage of words that convey negative emotion (‘hurt’, ‘ugly’, ‘nasty’), r(32) = −. 38, p =. 03. In contrast for the group, increases in Satisfaction with Life correlated with percentage of past tense words, r(28) =. 38, p =. 04. Overall, although our well-being predictions for Hypothesis 2 were not supported, there was evidence of two predicted mechanisms (redemption and distancing). Hypothesis 3 Positive reflection when in a negative versus positive mood will increase momentary mood Now we turn to an investigation of positive memories. Hypothesis 3 was tested in the same manner as Hypothesis 1. We ran an independent samples t test comparing groups (vs. Congruent Positive) on the average change in mood scores (with negative scores representing a detriment to momentary mood). Positive reflection when in a negative versus positive mood affected mood differently, t(38. 7) = −5. 39, p <. 001 (Incongruent Positive: MΔ =. 75, SD =. 65, Congruent Positive: MΔ =. 04, SD =. 29). A one-sample t test comparing average change in mood to 0 for each group revealed that the improvement in mood experienced by the group was significant with a large effect size, t(28) = 6. 21, p <. 001, d = 1. 15 (see Fig. 4). In contrast there were no significant mood changes in the group, t(29) =. 70, p =. 49. Hypothesis 3 was supported. In other words people who reflected on positive memories when in a negative mood experienced improvements in mood after reflection, whereas those in a positive mood showed unchanged mood. Fig. 4Average change in mood between pre versus post reflection mood probes for versus groups. Shows a significant increase in mood after reflection for the group. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim by presenting evidence that positive reflection can improve mood, demonstrated by the finding that 'people who reflected on positive memories when in a negative mood experienced improvements in mood after reflection.' This aligns with the notion that soundscapes, which often invoke positive memories and associations, can enhance mood and overall mental well-being.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Indoor air quality devices prevent all respiratory issues. [SEP] Text: Because the combustion air comes from outside the house, the building does not come under negative pressure. Approaches to residential ventilation can be categorized as exhaust, supply, and balanced systems. Fans that pull air out of a space such as a bathroom exhaust fan or a kitchen range ventilation hood comprise basic exhaust ventilation systems that most people are familiar with. As noted above, however, these fans can place an airtight house under negative pressure. Variations of exhaust systems provide make-up air to the house in some manner. The simplest way to do this is to install passive vents, which are small, screened openings in exterior walls. These admit air by opening when the home comes under negative pressure, such as when an exhaust fan is turned on. Passive vents are only recommended for use in very small, airtight homes in which depressurization is safe. Home depressurization is safe if all combustion appliances receive combustion air from outside the home; there are no fireplaces in the home; the home has no attached garage; and the home is not located in a high radon area. More commonly used than exhaust fans with passive vents is a central exhaust system that pulls air out of a house combined with a fan that pulls fresh air into the house and delivers it through ducts to individual rooms, usually each bedroom and living area. Whole-house fans are effective in this type of supply system. A variation of this system, if the house has a forced air furnace, is to deliver outdoor air to the return duct, so that it can be mixed with indoor air and heated before it is delivered to the rooms. A heat recovery ventilator (HRV)—also referred to as an air-to-air heat exchanger—is a balanced system that consists of a device which pulls fresh air into a home at the same time that it is exhausting air out of the home. As seen in Figure 4, the two airstreams are separated but pass over a core of conductive plates or heat exchanger that transfers heat from the warmer airstream to the colder one. A heat recovery ventilator also dehumidifies the home, because the warmer airstream contains moisture that condenses during the exchange process. The resulting water is delivered to a drain through a tube. HRVs can be stand-alone units with ducts or they can be integrated with the ducts of a forced air furnace. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by explaining the complexity of residential ventilation systems and their limitations. It discusses how methods such as exhaust, supply, and balanced systems can impact air quality and safety, indicating that not all ventilation strategies are effective in preventing respiratory issues. The mention of specific conditions under which safety is ensured suggests that relying solely on indoor air quality devices does not guarantee the prevention of all respiratory problems.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Curcumin, found in turmeric, has anti-inflammatory properties. [SEP] Text: Rivera, C. Essentials of oral cancer. Pathol 8, 11884–11894 (2015). Omura, K. Current status of oral cancer treatment strategies: surgical treatments for oral squamous cell carcinoma. 19, 423–430, doi:10. 1007/s10147-014-0689-z (2014). Hewlings, S. J. & Kalman, D. S. Curcumin: A Review of on Human Health. Foods 6, doi:10. 3390/foods6100092 (2017). & Aldebasi, Y. H. Role of Curcumin in and Treatment. Res 7, 38, doi:10. 4103/abr. abr_147_16 (2018). Vyas, A. , Dandawate, P. , Padhye, S. , Ahmad, A. & Sarkar, F. Perspectives on new synthetic curcumin analogs and their potential anticancer properties. Des 19, 2047–2069 (2013). Cao, Y. & Karin, M. NF-kappaB in mammary gland development and breast cancer. J 8, 215–223, doi:10. 1023/a:1025905008934 (2003). Haffner, M. C. , Berlato, C. & Doppler, W. Exploiting our knowledge of NF-kappaB signaling for the treatment of mammary cancer. J 11, 63–73, doi:10. 1007/s10911-006-9013-5 (2006). Van Waes, C. Nuclear factor-kappaB in development, prevention, and therapy of cancer. Res 13, 1076–1082, doi:10. 1158/1078-0432. CCR-06-2221 (2007). Paul, S. & Dey, A. Wnt signaling and cancer development: therapeutic implication. Neoplasma 55, 165–176 (2008). . & Ralhan, R. Wnt signaling pathway in invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast: relationship between beta-catenin, dishevelled and cyclin D1 expression. Oncology 73, 112–117, doi:10. 1159/000120999 (2007). Billard-Sandu, C. et al. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text discusses various studies and articles related to cancer treatment and signaling pathways, but it does not specifically address curcumin or its anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore, it is irrelevant to the claim.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: Research suggests that soundscapes can positively impact mood and mental well-being. [SEP] Text: Our data also clarify mechanisms underlying mood-reflection relationships, by investigating the words used in memories and reflections. Negative reflection when in a positive mood seemed to encourage redemption (acceptance words) and reduce self-focus (third-person plural pronouns) which may signal distancing from negative memories that involved other people. However, memories that resurfaced feelings of negativity (triggering negative emotion words in reflections) led to reductions in one well-being scale. In contrast, negative reflection when already in a negative mood seemed to discourage distancing (first-person plural pronouns), but this worked in participants’ favor, as remaining focused on the past (past tense usage) was associated with increases in one well-being scale. For positive memories, negative moods induced greater kill-joy thinking (negative emotion words) and reduced one well-being measure when reflections were focused on the past (past tense usage). This contrasts with negative memories, which seem to benefit from past-focused reflections when in a negative mood state, when there is no positivity to taint. Negative reflection when in a positive mood reduced current mood, while positive reflection when in a negative mood enhanced it. This is consistent with prior work on unmediated memory showing that people sometimes select incongruent memories for mood-regulation (Erber and Erber 1994; Rusting and DeHart 2000). The current paper makes a contribution to memory and emotion literature by showing that the mood-regulating effects of incongruency can also be induced in mediated contexts, and identifying the mechanisms underlying these effects. But while incongruent mood-regulation seems to occur naturally in rather limited contexts, there may be strategic opportunities with technology to apply this technique more broadly. Technology might provide control over when and how mood is regulated in ways that regular memory doesn’t, i. e. , people might receive targeted automatic prompts for positive reflection if they are in a negative mood. This technique of structured incongruent reflection through TMR might benefit people seeking more equanimity in their moods. Always providing incongruent memories will move the extremes of mood closer to neutral, offering more balance. Mood-regulation of both positive and negative moods is an adaptive cognitive skill that has been explored in depth (Parrott 1993; Gross 1998; Larsen 2000). [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim by discussing various mechanisms of mood regulation and how reflections on memories can impact well-being. It highlights that negative mood states can be influenced by the reflection of past memories, suggesting that both positive and negative reflections have implications for mood and emotional regulation. The text mentions that engaging with memories in a manner reflective of the mood can enhance well-being, aligning with the claim that sounds and reflections can positively affect mental well-being.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Indoor air quality devices prevent all respiratory issues. [SEP] Text: In addition to the basic systems described above, other variations exist, including central exhaust/supply systems with dehumidification and systems with air filtration options. Several studies have analyzed the cost effectiveness of various ventilation systems by examining purchase and installation costs, annual operating costs, and additional imposed heating costs (to heat incoming air). In addition to costs, benefits that are difficult to quantify include increased human comfort and the prevention of moisture problems. Figure 4. Heat recovery ventilator. Taylor et al. [7] examined the cost-effectiveness of heat recovery ventilators and concluded that these units provide positive life-cycle cost savings throughout much of the United States, although not in the colder, northern tier states. (IRC) specifies mechanical ventilation standards for new homes, which vary depending on the size of the house, number of bedrooms, and tested air infiltration rate [8]. The infiltration rate is measured with a blower door test, a specialized piece of equipment that measures a home’s air change per hour (ACH). ACH measures the extent to which outdoor air leaks into homes through cracks around windows, doors, and where dissimilar building materials meet. An airtight home has a low ACH; a leaky, drafty home has a high ACH. Advertisement 3. Volatile organic compounds Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are gases released from some solids or liquids at room temperature. Many VOCs found in household air have adverse health impacts, including eye, nose, and throat irritation; asthma exacerbation; lung, kidney, and central nervous system damage; and cancer [9]. VOC sources include building products, paints, strippers, solvents, wood preservatives, air fresheners, hobby supplies, pesticides, dry-cleaned clothing, and more. (WHO) categorizes VOCs by the ease with which they are emitted from materials and uses the terms very volatile organic compounds (VVOC), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs) [10]. As mentioned earlier, VOCs produced by mold are referred to as microbiologic volatile organic compounds (mVOCs). [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by emphasizing that various air quality issues exist, specifically noting the adverse health impacts of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) which can cause respiratory problems such as asthma exacerbation. This suggests that while indoor air quality devices can improve air quality and comfort, they do not completely prevent all respiratory issues, thereby challenging the absolute nature of the claim.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Curcumin, found in turmeric, has anti-inflammatory properties. [SEP] Text: CDK4/6 inhibitors in P16/HPV16-negative squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Otorhinolaryngol 277, 1273–1280, doi:10. 1007/s00405-020-05891-2 (2020). Lee, J. H. et al. KCP10043F Represses the Proliferation of Human Non-Cells by Caspase-via STAT3 Inactivation. J 9, doi:10. 3390/jcm9030704 (2020). Xie, L. et al. Expression and prognostic significance of the P53-related DNA damage repair proteins checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1) and growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible 45 alpha (GADD45A) in human oral squamous cell carcinoma. 128, 128–135, doi:10. 1111/eos. 12685 (2020). Dikalova, A. E. et al. Therapeutic targeting of mitochondrial superoxide in hypertension. 107, 106–116, doi:10. 1161/. 109. 214601 (2010). Brar, S. S. et al. An NAD(P)H oxidase regulates growth and transcription in melanoma cells. Physiol 282, C1212-1224, doi:10. 1152/ajpcell. 00496. 2001 (2002). Nazarewicz, R. R. et al. Does scavenging of mitochondrial superoxide attenuate cancer prosurvival signaling pathways? Signal 19, 344–349, doi:10. 1089/ars. 2013. 5185 (2013). Bouayed, J. & Bohn, T. Exogenous antioxidants–Double-edged swords in cellular redox state: Health beneficial effects at physiologic doses versus deleterious effects at high doses. 3, 228–237, doi:10. 4161/oxim. 3. 4. 12858 (2010). Shih, H. C. et al. Cracking the cytotoxicity code: apoptotic induction of 10-acetylirciformonin B is mediated through ROS generation and mitochondrial dysfunction. 12, 3072–3090, doi:10. 3390/md12053072 (2014). Zorova, L. D. et al. Mitochondrial membrane potential. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text is irrelevant to the claim as it discusses various studies and articles related to cancer, cell proliferation, and mitochondrial functions without mentioning curcumin, turmeric, or their anti-inflammatory properties.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: Research suggests that soundscapes can positively impact mood and mental well-being. [SEP] Text: For example, a bearer of bad news may downgrade positive moods to be appropriate for delivering unwelcome news (Tesser et al. 1973). And conversely, if delivering positive news they may elevate their negative mood to show reciprocal happiness for the recipient. Technology mediated reflection may aid these scenarios through strategic incongruent mood-regulation. Should elevating mood be preferred to equanimity, such as to ameliorate depression or dysphoria (Mitchell et al. 2010; Calvo and Peters 2014), positive memories could be reflected on when in a negative mood for mood-enhancement A couple of participants even mentioned this being useful for depression. For example, one participant told us: “A lot of the memories had a theme of hope in them. I suffer from mild depression in general in my life and I think that the big part of my depression is hopelessness, and so seeing the hope … that was the aspect that I would say brought me up the most. ” Additionally, while mood-incongruent reflection on negative memories might be useful for mood-regulation, for mood-enhancement these could be reflected on when already in a negative mood (or not at all) so that positive moods are not impaired. We found that negative reflection when in a negative mood does not reduce current mood, and is associated with one aspect of well-being when reflections are past-focused. However, our work suggests other important new implications that extend beyond simple mood adjustments. For example, we found that current mood affects how we remember past experiences, and in some cases can be associated with improvements (or reductions) in well-being. We found evidence of predicted mechanisms previously shown to influence well-being in prior mood-agnostic unmediated reflection contexts (Petrie et al. 1998; Campbell and Pennebaker 2003; Wildschut et al. 2006). For example, we found greater redemption and distancing for negative reflection when in a positive mood. Conversely, there was more kill-joy thinking for positive reflection in a negative mood. However, an important new result is our demonstration that each of these incongruent reflection strategies had a cost, whereby negativity posed a threat to positivity and specific well-being aspects. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim by discussing how mood-incongruent reflection and positive memories can enhance mood, which in turn supports aspects of well-being. It states that reflecting on positive memories while in a negative mood can aid in mood enhancement, showing how managing mood can lead to improvements in mental well-being. Additionally, the text highlights that certain recollections, particularly themes of hope, can effectively uplift mood, directly aligning with the idea that soundscapes or similar interventions can positively affect mood and mental well-being.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Indoor air quality devices prevent all respiratory issues. [SEP] Text: But all of these fall into the broad category of VOCs. Formaldehyde, a colorless, strong-smelling gas, is a common VOC used in the production of building materials, cabinets, furnishings, household cleaners, paints, landscape materials, and other products. It is used in the production of plywood, p3. 1. VOCs and safety When using any product that contains VOCs, provide adequate ventilation to the work area, meet or exceed any label precautions, buy in quantities that will be consumed quickly, and dispose of containers safely. Do not allow children or pets to become exposed to these products. Low-VOC- and No-VOC-containing products are becoming widely available. When possible, use these products instead of conventional alternatives. Advertisement 4. is a radioactive gas that has no odor, taste, or color. It is produced during the decay of uranium, has a half-life of 3. 8 days, and emits alpha and gamma radiation [11]. Uranium exists in soils all over the world. The radioactive decay process causes uranium to decay to uranium. Uranium and radium are solid elements. But radium decays to a gas: radon. Radon moves easily through permeable soils, such as gravelly and sandy soils, than it does through impermeable soils, such as clay [12]. Cracks in a house foundation and other openings, such as those around pipes that penetrate a house foundation, serve as radon pathways into the house. Radon continues in the decay process once it is inside a home. Radon’s decay products are lead, polonium, and bismuth. These decay products become attached to microscopic particulates in house air, which are inhaled by people in the house and lead to lung cancer. The process through which radon enters a home is displayed in Figure 5. Radon is the second-leading cause of lung cancer after cigarette smoking; radon exposure is responsible for 21,000 deaths per year in the USA [13]. Between one and seven percent of lung cancer fatalities in the USA have been attributed to radon exposure [13]. Figure 5. Radon entering a home. Radon’s presence can be confirmed through the use of short- or long-term radon detectors. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by discussing specific pollutants, such as VOCs and radon, that can lead to serious health consequences, including lung cancer. It suggests that while indoor air quality devices may help improve air quality, they do not prevent all health issues, particularly those caused by hazardous substances like radon, which is noted as the second-leading cause of lung cancer. Therefore, it implies that air quality devices alone are insufficient to address all respiratory problems.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Curcumin, found in turmeric, has anti-inflammatory properties. [SEP] Text: Skip to main content Explore journals Get published About BMC My account Search all BMC 0. 1 M PBS (pH 7. 4, final methanol concentration was < 1%) and injected (i. p. , at 50 mg/kg) one a day to mice in groups: and VIII. The same volume of vehicle (PBS) was injected to WT (Group I) and 5xFAD mice (Group-IV), as summarized in Table 1. Table 1 Summary of the different animal groups and treatment regimens used in this studyFull size table Tissue processingAll mice were deeply anaesthetized with an overdose of sodium pentobarbital (i. p. ), and transcardially perfused with 0. 1 M cold PBS at pH 7. 4, followed by 4% paraformaldehyde (diluted in 0. 1 M PBS at pH 7. 4) to fix the brains. The brains were then removed, suspended in 4% paraformaldehyde for 24 h at 4 °C, and transferred to the graded sucrose solutions (10, 20 and 30%). When brains were completely immersed in the 30% sucrose solution, they were stored at 4 °C until being sectioned coronally at 40 µm on a Cryostat (Leica, Germany). Cur and SLCP permeability studyTo investigate whether sufficient amounts of Cur or SLCP crossed the blood brain barrier (BBB) and reached to the regions of interest in the brain, the Cur- and the SLCP-injected 5xFAD mice (Group V–VIII) were sacrificed and their brain tissue was processed, as described above. Coronal sections (40 μM) were cut and imaged using a fluorescent microscope (Leica, Germany) to assess the amount of Cur or SLCP bound to the Aβ plaques, which was confirmed by co-localization of either the Cur or the SLCP to Aβ-specific antibody (6E10) in Aβ-plaques, as described previously [32]. To compare the permeability of Cur and SLCP in vitro, mouse neuroblastoma cells (N2a, ATCC, Catalog no: Neuro2a (ATCC® CCL131™) and the primary hippocampal neurons from a 5xFAD mouse were used. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text provided does not address the claim regarding the anti-inflammatory properties of curcumin. Instead, it discusses a specific experimental setup involving curcumin and its interaction with certain brain tissues and cells, but does not explicitly mention its anti-inflammatory effects or provide evidence supporting or opposing the claim.


Input: Task: corroborate the claim using the given text. Claim: Research suggests that soundscapes can positively impact mood and mental well-being. [SEP] Text: This concurrent strategy yields a larger pool of memories that tend to be less emotional, since the window of time to capture emotional experiences is limited to the study length. For the current study, we needed memories that were clearly emotional, as mildly emotional memories might not evoke measurable effects. Thus, generating a memory pool at the start of the current study was preferable, allowing participants to self-select highly emotional memories from their recent past. This choice was supported by our finding of redemption and distancing in reflections, indicating that memories were emotional and recent enough to undergo these changes. One reason why we did not find evidence of understanding (words that indicate insight and cognitive processing) is that the writing of memories for the pool might have elicited increased understanding before the intervention. Thus, not finding well-being changes in our study could have been due to less exposure to memories, as well as memories that might not have been open enough for learning opportunities. Our findings suggest many new opportunities for future research. For example, a longer-term study could have participants record many experiences as they happen over a couple of months. This would generate a larger pool of memories that are recent so that participants are exposed to a greater number of reflections. Such a study would help resolve observed inconsistencies in well-being mechanisms without well-being results, though at the risk of higher participant dropout due to an extended study length. Furthermore, while we used LIWC to investigate explicit hypotheses motivated by prior work, future research could take a more open and exploratory approach to LIWC that might yield new interesting mechanisms. Our work also suggests multiple opportunities for redesigning current TMR systems to harness the influence of mood. For example, systems could strategically select specific types of memories to be reflected on when users are in particular moods. So, if the goal of Facebook’s Day is to provide users with a small amount of enjoyment and upliftment, positive memories would likely be more effective when the user is in a negative mood. Current mood might be assessed by providing lightweight mood probes (as in our study) or algorithmically by analyzing affect words used in various online behaviors (Desmet 2005; Kramer et al. 2014). However, there may be a cost of kill-joy memory and reduced well-being if the user’s reflection is past-focused. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text corroborates the claim by discussing how memories and reflections on them can impact a user’s mood, suggesting that positive memories might be more effective in enhancing well-being, especially when a user is in a negative mood. It highlights the potential of mood assessment and the strategic selection of memories to improve experiences, which aligns with the broader concept of soundscapes positively influencing mood and mental well-being.


Input: Task: contrast the claim using the given text. Claim: Indoor air quality devices prevent all respiratory issues. [SEP] Text: A short-term detector consists of activated carbon, which adsorbs (collects on the surface of carbon granules) radon, is inexpensive and simple to use. Once activated, it is placed in the lowest room of the house and kept in place for three days. The house should be tested under closed house conditions. This means all windows are closed for the duration of the test, and doors are used only for normal entrances and exits. After the test period, the detector is sent to a laboratory for analysis. The laboratory then reports the test results to the sender. Radon levels in a house vary over time because of changes in weather and atmospheric pressure. So, a short-term test is effectively a snapshot of radon levels at a particular time. A long-term radon test uses what is known as an alpha track detector. This is placed in a home’s living room and stays there for 90 days to a year. This type of test provides a better result of a home’s radon level. The U. S. Agency (EPA) recommends that mitigation systems be installed at or above the of 4 picocuries per liter (pCi/L) of air [14]. A mitigation system for an existing home consists of a PVC pipe that is installed through the floor of the lowest level of a home, often a basement, into a layer of gravel. That pipe is carried up through the house attic and through the roof. This pipe can also be installed on a house exterior wall. Often, an inline exhaust fan is connected to the PVC pipe and is used to pull soil gas from below the house. When that fan is used, the mitigation system is referred to as an active system. An inline fan is not always necessary and a passive mitigation system is used instead. The EPA has developed a U. S. map that designates counties into zones. In EPA-designated Zone 1 counties, indoor radon levels are expected to be 4 pCi/L or higher; houses in Zone 2 counties are expected to have radon levels between 2 and 4 pCi/L; homes in Zone 3 counties are expected to have radon levels below 2 pCi/L. Figure 6 shows the EPA Radon Map. Zone 1 counties are red; Zone 2 counties are orange; and Zone 3 counties are yellow. Figure 6. . [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text contrasts the claim by explaining the specific function of radon detectors and mitigation systems, which addresses a specific air quality issue (radon) rather than all respiratory issues. It highlights that indoor air quality devices, like radon testing and mitigation systems, are designed to address particular contaminants, indicating that they do not prevent all respiratory issues.


Input: Task: pass the claim using the given text. Claim: Curcumin, found in turmeric, has anti-inflammatory properties. [SEP] Text: The N2a cells were grown with minimum essential medium () containing 10% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum (FBS), and penicillin and streptomycin (100 I. U. /mL and 100 μg/mL). The culture was maintained at 37 °C in a humidified atmosphere at 5% CO2. The primary hippocampal neurons were taken from embryonic-16 (E16) mouse pups and grown in neurobasal media containing B27 supplementation for 7 days in vitro (7-DIV), as described previously [42]. Prior to the experiment, the cells were grown in either in 60 mm Petri dishes or on glass coverslips, using fresh MEM or neurobasal media that lacked growth factors. The cells were then treated with 100 μM of either Cur or SLCP for 2 h, after which the media was removed, and the cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde solution. Microphotographic images were taken using a fluorescent microscope (Leica, Germany) with appropriate excitation/emission filters for analyses. Aβ plaque load in 5xFAD after treatment with Cur or SLCPTo check the effects of acute treatment of Cur or SLCP on Aβ plaque burden, the 5xFAD brain sections were stained with Cur and the number of Aβ plaques were counted in these sections. Cur was used to label Aβ plaques, because it labels plaques as efficiently as Aβ-specific antibody [32]. Using Image-J software ( the total area of each image was measured and the numbers of Aβ plaques were counted manually in PFC and DG area of hippocampus and expressed as number of Aβ plaques per 100 µm2 area. Only clearly visible, large fluorescent signals were considered as Aβ plaques. A minimum of 10 serial sections, with forty different fields were used to count the number of Aβ plaques in each group (n = 4), with the experimenters blinded to the group identity of the specimens analyzed. Neuronal morphology by cresyl violet stainingOne of the aims of this study was to investigate whether short-term treatment of Cur or SLCP can protect the neuronal morphology, especially in hippocampal subfields and in the PFC area. To this end, the tissue from 5xFAD mice that were treated with Cur or SLCP was stained with 0. [SEP] Justify:

Output: The text does not address the claim regarding curcumin's anti-inflammatory properties. Instead, it describes experimental procedures and results related to the effects of curcumin (Cur) on Aβ plaque load and neuronal morphology in a specific experimental setup. There is no discussion of the anti-inflammatory effects of curcumin or turmeric present in the text.