Vasiliy Pronchishchev (icebreaker)
Vasiliy Pronchishchev () was a Soviet icebreaker in service from 1961 until 1989. It was the first of twelve Project 97A icebreakers built by Admiralty Shipyard in Leningrad in 1961–1971.

Description 

In the mid-1950s, the Soviet Union began developing a new diesel-electric icebreaker design based on the 1942-built steam-powered icebreaker Eisbär to meet the needs of both civilian and naval operators. Built in various configurations until the early 1980s, the Project 97 icebreakers and their derivatives became the largest and longest-running class of icebreakers and icebreaking vessels built in the world. Of the 32 ships built in total, the unarmed civilian variant Project 97A was the most numerous with twelve icebreakers built in 1961–1971.

Project 97A icebreakers were  long overall and had a beam of . Fully laden, the vessels drew  of water and had a displacement of . Their three  10-cylinder 13D100 two-stroke opposed-piston diesel engines were coupled to generators that powered electric propulsion motors driving two propellers in the stern and a third one in the bow. Project 97A icebreakers were capable of breaking  thick snow-covered ice at very slow but continuous speed.

History 

The first of twelve Project 97A icebreakers was laid down at Admiralty Shipyard in Leningrad on 13 December 1960, launched on 28 April 1961, and delivered to the  on 30 December 1961. Initially named simply Ledokol-1 (), Russian for "icebreaker", it was renamed Vasiliy Pronchishchev in 1966 after the 18th century Russian explorer. The icebreaker was stationed in Arkhangelsk and operated primarily in the Northern Dvina estuary and the White Sea.

Vasiliy Pronchishchev was taken out of service following a fire in January 1989 and sold for scrapping in Portugal later that year.

References 

Icebreakers of the Soviet Union
Icebreakers of Russia
1961 ships
Ships built at Admiralty Shipyard