The Middle Toe of the Right Foot
"The Middle Toe of the Right Foot" is a ghost story by American Civil War soldier, wit, and writer Ambrose Bierce. It was first published in The San Francisco Examiner on April 17, 1890, and was reprinted the following year as part of Tales of Soldiers and Civilians. The plot was apparently inspired by the front page Examiner news story from November 14, 1888, which described "an improbable duel with bowie knives in a suitably darkened room". Plot summary A man named Manton has horribly killed his two children and his wife, the latter of whom lacked the middle toe of the right foot. Ten years later he returns much altered to the neighborhood; and, being secretly recognized, is provoked into a bowie-knife duel in the dark, to be held in the now-abandoned house where his crime was committed. When the moment of the duel arrives a trick is played upon him; and he is left without an antagonist, shut in a night-black ground floor room of the reputedly haunted edifice, "with the thick dust of a decade on every hand". No knife is drawn against him, for only a thorough scare is intended. On the next day, Manton is found crouched in a corner with a distorted face, dead of sheer fright at something he has seen. The only clue visible to the discoverers is one having supernatural implications: Criticism "The Middle Toe of the Right Foot" has been viewed as the most effective of Bierce's stories built around the idea of supernatural revenge from beyond the grave. According to H. P. Lovecraft, the story is "clumsily developed, but has a powerful climax". More recently, Donald T. Blume has criticized the story for being "laden with improbabilities" and having a "convoluted narrative structure". Adaptations The Return (1973) is a British short film, adapted by Sture Rydman from "The Middle Toe of the Right Foot" and another story, "Nobody's House" by A. M. Burrage. References 1890 short stories Horror short stories Ghost stories Short stories by Ambrose Bierce Uxoricide in fiction Filicide in fiction Short stories adapted into films Works originally published in the San Francisco Examiner