Confederated Tribes of Siletz Indians
The Confederated Tribes of Siletz Indians in the United States is a federally recognized confederation of more than 27 Native American tribes and bands who once inhabited an extensive homeland of more than 20 million acres from northern California to southwest Washington and between the summit of the Cascades and the Pacific Ocean. After the Rogue River Wars, these tribes were removed to the Coast Indian Reservation, now known as the Siletz Reservation. The tribes spoke at least 11 distinct languages, including Tillamook, Shasta, Lower Chinook, Kalapuya, Takelma, Alsea-Yaquina, Siuslaw/Lower Umpqua, Coos, the Plateau Penutian languages Molala and Klickitat, and several related Oregon Athabaskan languages. Name The confederation takes its name from the Siletz River, which surrounds the original headquarters of the reservation. The word siletz translates to a description of something that is coiled like a rope or a snake, describing the route of the river winding through the mountains circuitously to the ocean. The confederation includes remnants of the Siletz, a Coast Salish people who also became incorporated into the larger confederation. Tribes The confederation is made up of the following tribes and bands. Tillamook Siletz Salmon River/Neachesna Nestucca Nehalem Tillamook Bay Alsea, including Yaquina Chinook, including Wakhiakum, Multnomah, and Clatsop Coos, including Hanis and Miluk Kalapuya, including Santiam, Tualatin, Yamhill, Yoncalla, Marys River band, and others Lower Umpqua (also known as Kuitsh) and Siuslaw Molalla Shasta, including Klamath River people Rogue River peoples, including Shasta, Upper Rogue River Athapaskan peoples: Applegate and Galice Creek, or any of the tribes of Lower Rogue River Athapaskan (or Tututni) people Klickitat Takelma, including Dagelma, Latgawa, and Cow Creek Oregon Athabaskans, including all Athabaskan bands from southwestern Oregon (bands of Rogue River Athabaskan peoples, Chetco people, Tolowa people and Upper Umpqua (Etnemitane) people), such as the following: Lower Rogue River Athabaskan (also known as Tututni) peoples Upper Coquille (also known as Mishikwutinetunne) Chasta Costa Tututni Euchre Creek (also known as Yukichetunne) Flores Creek Mikonotunne Naltunnetunne Pistol River (also known as Chetleshin) Port Orford band of Kwatami (also known as Kaltsergheatunne) Sixes (also known as Kwatami) Yashute (also known as Chemetunne) and others Upper Rogue River Athabaskan (also known as Galice/Applegate) peoples Applegate River (also known as Dakubetede) Galice Creek (also known as Taltushtuntede) Chetco-Tolowa Tolowa Chetco Upper Umpqua (also known as Etnemitane) History The Confederated Tribes emerged from the remnants of around 28 different tribes of coastal and other Western Oregon Indians. Interim-reservations Table Rock Indian Reservation After the war of 1855–1856 After the Rogue River Wars of 1855–56, most of the peoples were forced onto the Coast Indian Reservation, which later became known as the Siletz Reservation, where they were to form a single unified tribe. The Coast Reservation originally comprised 1.1 million acres, which was established by the executive order of President Franklin Pierce on November 9, 1855, only weeks after the start of the last phase of the Rogue River Wars. The Siletz Reservation was reduced by around 3/4 its area (approximately 900,000 acres) in 1865 and 1875