Ugo Brusati
Ugo Pio Enrico Natale Brusati, was an Italian General who participated in the First Italo-Ethiopian War and World War I. He gained notability for his service at the Battle of Adwa as well as being the First Adjudant General of Vittorio Emanuele III on June 2, 1902 until October 23, 1917 when Luigi Cadorna forced him out of the office. Early Military Career Brusatiwas born in Monza on June 25, 1847, the eldest son of Giuseppe and Teresa Aman and in a household with strong nationalism. Determined to undertake a military career, he attended the Military College of Florence to enter the on June 2, 1864. In 1866, at the time of the Third Italian War of Independence, he obtained the appointment as second lieutenant. He soon proved to be an excellent officer of the general staff, from 1870 he attended the War School of Turin, of which he later became a professor. Between December 20, 1887 and on March 10, 1891, he held the position of military attaché at the Italian Embassy in Vienna. He was then promoted to the rank of colonel on August 23, 1891 and assumed command of the 71st Infantry Regiment. During his service, he wrote some literary works about his military services, intended for use by officers of the General Staff. Adwa and the early 20th-century During 1895, while carrying out the post of Chief of Staff of the XI Army Corps, he was assigned to the expeditionary force which, under the leadership of General Oreste Baratieri, had to face the war with Ethiopia. Landing in Massawa on January 2, 1896 , he was given the command of the 2nd African Infantry Regiment, framed in the 1st Brigade under the command of General Giuseppe Arimondi. As soon as he took office, he immediately brought back a very negative impression of the colonial environment, which seemed to him dominated by arrival and a guilty underestimation of the enemy forces. His fears were confirmed during the Battle of Adwa, which took place on March 1, 1896. The regiment under his command was engaged in combat on unknown terrain and was completely unfavorable, against an enemy superior in number, being practically destroyed. He was one of the few surviving officers of the battle, escaping death thanks to his energy. For his behavior during the battle, he was decorated with the Knight's Cross of the Military Order of Savoy. Returning to Italy on March 1, 1897, exactly one year after the battle, he gave a conference in Turin, entitled Impressions and memories of Africa, in which he spoke about the causes of the defeat with extreme frankness. On August 29 of the same year, he was promoted to the rank of major general and appointed commander of the "Friuli" Brigade. The following year, he assumed the post of first aide-de-camp to the crown prince, HRH Vittorio Emanuele di Savoia, Prince of Naples. On the death of King Umberto I, he continued to serve his successor, Vittorio Emanuele III,