Fenenna of Kuyavia
Fenenna of Kuyavia (also known as of Inowrocław; ; c. 1276–1295) was Queen of Hungary by marriage to King Andrew III. Fenenna was the daughter of Duke Ziemomysł of Inowrocław by his wife Salomea, daughter of Duke Sambor II of Pomerania. Fenenna's existence is corroborated by only two sources: the Genealogia sanctae Hedwigis (Genealogy of Saint Hedwig) and the Chronicles of Jan Długosz, as well in the Hungarian sources. The Genealogy states that an unnamed daughter of Duke Ziemomysł was betrothed to the King of Hungary. Based on this information, Jan Długosz stated that Fenenna married King Stephen V. This erroneous information was maintained by the later historiography until the 19th century, when Fenenna was correctly described as the wife of King Andrew III. Although Fenenna did not play a significant role in the Hungarian court, her marriage did strengthen the alliance between her husband and her uncle Władysław I the Elbow-high, and it also benefited her Kuyavia relatives' relations with, among others, King Wenceslaus II of Bohemia. Shortly after Andrew III's death, their daughter Elizabeth was betrothed to the future Wenceslaus III, who claimed the Hungarian crown. Life Birth and Name Fenenna's parentage is confirmed in the Genealogia sanctae Hedwigis (literally: Genealogy of Saint Hedwig). The marriage of her parents is placed around the first half of February 1268. If she was the oldest child of the ducal couple, she could have born at the end of that year. She was married in 1290, and in accordance with the Canonical Law of that time, the legal age to celebrate a marriage was 12 years old; but two years later, in 1292, she gave birth to her only child, probably at 15 years. Accordingly, her date of birth could be between 1268 and 1277. Among the offspring of Duke Ziemomysł, Fenenna has been placed as the second child, between Euphemia (who died in infancy) and Leszek. Fenenna's name was chosen from the Bible (later translated by Jakub Wujek), as one of the two wives of Elkanah, father of the Prophet Samuel. This uncommon name was rarely used in Poland, and Fenenna was the only member of the Piast dynasty who bore it. Queen of Hungary The Genealogy of Saint Hedwig indicated that Fenenna was betrothed to the Hungarian king. According to Jan Długosz this Hungarian ruler was King Stephen V. Although this assumption was not supported by any sources could not be true because Stephen V died in 1272, it was maintained until the 18th century. Her husband was King Andrew III, as confirmed by the Hungarian sources. From the period of her reign, between 1290–1295, there are several documents issued by the Queen of Hungary, who signed as Fenena, Fennena, or in short Fenenna F. Legends on Hungarian stamps of 1291 certify that Queen Fenenna was Ziemomysł's daughter. Due to her marriage, the Polish Kingdom began to cooperate closely with the Hungarian ruler. In July 1290 Andrew III was crowned King of Hungary. One of his first actions was