1848–49 United States Senate elections
The 1848–49 United States Senate elections were held on various dates in various states. As these U.S. Senate elections were prior to the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment in 1913, senators were chosen by state legislatures. Senators were elected over a wide range of time throughout 1848 and 1849, and a seat may have been filled months late or remained vacant due to legislative deadlock. In these elections, terms were up for the senators in Class 3. The Democratic Party lost seats but maintained control of the Senate. Results Senate party division, 31st Congress (1849–1851) Majority party: Democratic (33–36) Minority party: Whig Party (25–24) Other parties: Free Soil (2) Total seats: 60–62 Change in Senate composition Before the elections As a result of the elections Note: "Re-elected" includes incumbent appointee elected to the next term. Beginning of the next Congress Race summaries Special elections during the 30th Congress In these special elections, the winners were seated during 1848 or in 1849 before March 4; ordered by election date. Races leading to the 31st Congress In these regular elections, the winners were elected for the term beginning March 4, 1849; ordered by state. All of the elections involved the Class 3 seats. Elections during the 31st Congress In these elections, the winners were elected in 1849 after March 4. Individual elections Maryland Reverdy Johnson won election in 1844 but retired to become the United States Attorney General. In order to fill his seat, David Stewart was elected by an unknown margin of votes, for the Class 1 seat. James Pearce won re-election by an unknown margin of votes, for the Class 3 seat. New York The New York election was held February 6, 1849. Barnburner John Adams Dix had been elected in 1845 to this seat after the resignation of Silas Wright, and Dix's term would expire on March 3, 1849. In November 1848, Dix was the Barnburners/Free-Soilers candidate for Governor of New York, but was defeated by Whig Hamilton Fish. At this time New York Democratic Party was split in two fiercely opposing factions: the Barnburners" and the "Hunkers". The Barnburners organized the Free Soil Party in 1848 and nominated Martin Van Buren for U.S. President. Due to the split, the Whig Party won most of the elective offices by pluralities. At the State election in November 1847, 24 Whigs and 8 Democrats were elected for a two-year term (1848-1849) in the State Senate. At the State election in November 1848, 106 Whigs, 15 Free Soilers and 7 Hunkers were elected to the Assembly for the session of 1849. The 72nd New York State Legislature met from January 2 to April 11, 1849, at Albany, New York. Ex-Governor of New York William H. Seward was nominated by a caucus of Whig State legislators on February 1, 1849. The vote was 88 for Seward, 12 for John A. Collier, 18 scattering and 4 blanks. The incumbent U.S. Senator John Adams Dix ran for re-election supported by the Free Soilers. Ex-Chancellor Reuben