Ki Sarmidi Mangunsarkoro
Ki Sarmidi Mangunsarkoro (23 May 1904 – 8 June 1957) acted as the Minister of Education and Culture of Indonesia in 1949 until 1950. He is now regarded as a National Hero of Indonesia. Early life Ki Sarmidi Mangunsarkoro was born on May 23, 1904, in Surakarta. He grew up in the family environment of Surakarta Palace employees. After graduated from the "Arjuna" Teacher School in Jakarta, he worked as a teacher in a Taman Siswa school in Yogyakarta. Then in 1929 Ki Sarmidi Mangunsarkoro was appointed Principal of HIS Budi Utomo Jakarta. One year later, at the request of the residents of Kemayoran and Ki Hadjar Dewantara's blessing, he founded Perguruan Tamansiswa in Jakarta. Perguruan Tamansiswa in Jakarta was actually a merger between HIS Budi Utomo and HIS Marsudi Rukun, both of which were led by Ki Sarmidi Mangunsarkoro, and in its development Perguruan Tamansiswa Jakarta Branch has progressed rapidly until now. Education goals In 1930-1938 Mangunsarkoro was a Member of the Executive Board of the Indonesian National Scout Management (KBI), and advocate for the movement to be free from the influence of Dutch colonialism. From 1932 until 1940, he served as Chairman of the Education and Teaching Department of the Tamansiswa Luhur Assembly and concurrently as General Leader of Tamansiswa West Java. Furthermore, In 1933 Ki Sarmidi Mangunsarkoro held the Leadership of Taman Dewasa Raya in Jakarta which was specifically in charge of Education and Teaching. His work on education was increasingly recognised in the educational environment in indonesia as well as in the political environment through the Indonesian National Party (PNI). In 1928 he appeared as a speaker at the 28 October 1928 Youth Congress, in turn with a number of other speakers, including Mohammad Yamin, Purnomowulan, Ramelan, and Sunario, advocating children's right to get national education and be educated democratically, as well as the need for a balance between education at school and at home. Ki Sarmidi Mangunsarkoro was then elected as the second PNI Chairman, replacing Sukarno in managing the party, as a result of the Indonesian People's Union Congress (SERINDO) in Kediri and opposed the politics of compromise with the Netherlands (Linggarjati and Renvile Agreements). During the Second Dutch Aggression in Yogyakarta, Ki Sarmidi Mangunsarkoro was detained by the Inlichtingen Voor Geheimediensten (IVG) and imprisoned in Wirogunan. Service at Taman Siswa At the closing ceremony of the first Tamansiswa Congress or General Meeting in Yogyakarta on 13 August 1930, Ki Sarmidi Mangunsarkoro together with Ki Sadikin, Ki S. Djojoprajitno, Ki Poeger, Ki Kadiroen and Ki Safioedin Soerjopoetro on behalf of the Tamansiswa Association throughout Indonesia signed a Statement of Acceptance of the submission of the "Charter of Unity of the Founding Agreement" from the hands of Ki Hadjar Dewantara, Ki Tjokrodirjo and Ki Pronowidigdo to realise an educational effort based on the life and livelihood of the nation under the name Tamansiswa which was founded on 3 July 1922 in Yogyakarta. As one of the people chosen by Ki Hadjar Dewantara to advance, promote