Johannes Andenæs
Johannes Bratt Andenæs, often shortened to Johs. Andenæs (7 September 1912 – 3 July 2003) was a Norwegian jurist. He was a professor of jurisprudence at the University of Oslo from 1945 to 1982, and served as rector from 1970 to 1972. Pre-war career He was born in Innvik as a son of vicar Mads Olsen Andenæs (1855–1942) and Signe Theoline Mydland (1883–1958). He was a brother of Tønnes Andenæs. He finished his secondary education at Stabekk in 1929, enrolled at the Royal Frederick University and graduated from there with the cand.jur. degree in 1935. He worked as a deputy judge in Moss and Harstad before studying further, abroad. In June 1939 in Horten he married fellow jurist Ida Johanne Røren (1913–2008). He was hired as lecturer and research fellow at the University of Oslo in 1939, and took the dr.juris degree in 1943 with the thesis Straffbar unnlatelse. World War II Andenæs applied to become docent in 1940 and professor in 1942, at the University of Oslo, but his candidacy was rejected both times due to the German occupation of Norway. He had participated in battles against the Wehrmacht in the Norwegian campaign, being lightly wounded near Skarnes. During the occupation, then, he marked himself as an oppositional person at the university. When the Nazi authorities were about to change the rules for admission to the university, in autumn 1943, a protest ensued. In retaliation, the authorities arrested 11 staff, 60 male students and 10 female students. The staff Carl Jacob Arnholm, Eiliv Skard, Johan Christian Schreiner, Harald Krabbe Schjelderup, Anatol Heintz, Odd Hassel, Ragnar Frisch, Bjørn Føyn, Endre Berner and Johannes Andenæs were sent to Grini concentration camp. Andenæs was first incarcerated at Bredtveit from 15 October to 22 November, then at Berg until 8 December, then at Grini until 24 December 1944. Post-war career In 1945 he was a consultant in the Office of the Director of Public Prosecutions, where the work with the legal purge in Norway after World War II had started. He was critical to facets of this legal purge, especially the fact that mere membership in Nasjonal Samling was punished harshly and how capital punishment was used. His 1979 book Det vanskelige oppgjøret is about the legal purge. One of his first releases after the war was Statsforfatningen i Norge, partly written during his incarceration at Grini. He was also given his professorship, already on 29 June 1945 (the war ended on 8 May). In 1946 he was elected as a member of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters. He served as dean at the Faculty of Law from 1959 to 1960 and 1968 to 1969, prorector from 1960 to 1962 and rector from 1970 to 1972, and praeses of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters from 1977 to 1981. He was a visiting scholar at the University of Pennsylvania (1963), the University of Chicago (1968) and All Souls College (1971), and held honorary degrees at the University of Copenhagen (1970)