Without the single currency, recent events such as the terrorist attacks of 11 September 2001 in New York and 11 March 2004 in Madrid or the financial accounting scandals of 2002 would have triggered major turbulence in Europe as a whole and in many euro area economies in particular and would have made national currencies collapse.
Without the single currency, recent events such as the terrorist attacks of 11 September 2001 in New York and 11 March 2004 in Madrid or the financial accounting scandals of 2002 would have triggered major turbulences in Europe as a whole and in many euro area economies in particular and would have made national currencies collapse.