The 35-year-old's Mercedes was stopped by police after it almost hit a lorry in north London on 20 December.
Carlisle admitted failing to provide a sample to police and driving otherwise than in accordance with a licence.
He was also ordered to carry out 150 hours' unpaid work at Highbury Corner Magistrates' Court.
District judge Susan Williams also ordered him to pay Â£145 in costs and charges.
She said that, although Carlisle had made a "positive contribution" to others through football, she had to sentence him for the risk his "erratic" driving had created.
"If you are not in control of your vehicle in a road in central London you represent a danger to people," she said.
At a hearing in March, the court heard Carlisle's Mercedes had been spotted "swerving" and "almost mounting the pavement" in Pentonville Road.
After his arrest, the court heard, he refused to give a breath sample and demanded to speak to his solicitor.
Lisa Judge, defending, said he allowed the matter to "escalate out of all control" and "unfortunately" believed he had the right to see a lawyer, instead of being breathalysed.
Carlisle has revealed he attempted to take his own life two days afterwards, when he was hit by a lorry on the A64 near York.
Miss Judge described the arrest as having happened while he was "in an extremely dark place in terms of his own life".
Carlisle is now so sorry about what happened that the court-ordered medical report on him "utterly oozes remorse", Miss Judge said.
The court was told Carlisle had been involved in "excess drinking offences" in 1999 and 2011.
He played for teams including Burnley, Queens Park Rangers, Leeds United and Northampton Town and was also the chairman of the Professional Footballers' Association.

The 21-year-old had been at Hednesford Town on loan this season, but has experience in the fifth tier with Southport and Wrexham.
Adam Lockwood's Guiseley are currently five points from safety.
"Joel's a rapidly developing talent and we've been watching him for some time. We're excited to have signed him," said football secretary Adie Towers.

Police raided 43-year-old John Nicholson's Dundee home in February following a tip-off.
Officers found drugs including more than 2.5 kg of heroin with a street value of £263,000 during the operation.
Nicholson will be sentenced on 11 May after admitting being concerned in the supply of drugs at his home in the city's Raglan Street.
Defence counsel Ronnie Renucci said Nicholson pled guilty on the basis that he had allowed his house to be used for the storage of the drugs.
Mr Renucci said: "He was not the owner of the drugs. He was doing so to pay off a debt."
The High Court in Edinburgh was told police officers also recovered £100,000 worth of amphetamine and cannabis with a potential street value of between £60,000 and £90,000.
The court heard that Nicholson had previous convictions for road traffic offences and dishonesty but had never been jailed.
Lord Kinclaven deferred sentence on Nicholson for reports and remanded him in custody.
Former Premier League footballer Clarke Carlisle has been banned from driving for three years after he admitted drinking and driving.
[NEXT_CONCEPT]
National League's bottom side Guiseley have signed former Rochdale winger Joel Logan on an undisclosed deal.
[NEXT_CONCEPT]
A man stored £450,000 worth of heroin, cannabis and amphetamines at his house to pay off a debt, a court was told.