Forbes said Vergara's role as Gloria in Modern Family and some lucrative product endorsements helped her earn $43m (£32.6m) in the last 12 months.
It marks the fifth year the Colombian-American actress has topped the chart.
Forbes also said she earned more than any of her male counterparts in the past year.
The Big Bang Theory's Kaley Cuoco was the second-highest paid actress, earning $24.5m (£18.6m).
Cuoco tied with Vergara at the top of last year's Forbes list, when both actresses earned $28.5m (£21.6m).
The Mindy Project's Mindy Kaling is the biggest climber in this year's chart. Her earnings of $15m (£11.4m) helped her to rise from eighth place in 2015 to third this year.
Mariska Hargitay, who appears in Law & Order: Special Victims Unit, and Grey's Anatomy star Ellen Pompeo rounded off the top five.
Source: Forbes
This year's highest new entry on the Forbes list was Priyanka Chopra, who appears in ABC drama Quantico. She was the eighth highest earner with $11m (£8.4m).
Chopra, who is well known in India, is set to become more familiar to western audiences next year when she stars in Baywatch alongside Dwayne Johnson - the world's highest paid actor.
Scandal star Kerry Washington, Stana Katic from Castle, The Good Wife's Julianna Margulies and Vergara's Modern Family co-star Julie Bowen also featured in this year's top 10.
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Casillas is Spain's most-capped player with 167, but the 35-year-old has been overlooked for matches against Belgium and Liechtenstein in September.
Chelsea's Diego Costa and Manchester United's Juan Mata are recalled after being left out of the Euro 2016 squad.
Former Porto boss Lopetegui replaced Vicente del Bosque in July.
29-year-old Fabregas has played 110 times for Spain, while Pedro, also 29, has won 60 caps.
Manchester United goalkeeper David de Gea, West Ham counterpart Adrian, Chelsea defender Cesar Azpilicueta and Manchester City pair David Silva and Nolito join Costa and Mata in the squad.
Spain face Belgium in a friendly in Brussels on 1 September before hosting Liechtenstein in Leon four days later in their first World Cup qualifier.
Goalkeepers: David de Gea (Manchester United), Pepe Reina (Napoli), Adrian (West Ham)
Defenders: Sergio Ramos, Dani Carvajal (both Real Madrid), Gerard Pique, Jordi Alba (both Barcelona), Marc Bartra (Borussia Dortmund), Cesar Azpilicueta (Chelsea), Javi Martinez (Bayern Munich).
Midfielders: Sergi Roberto, Sergio Busquets (both Barcelona), Saul Niguez, Koke (both Atletico Madrid), Marco Asensio, Lucas Vazquez (both Real Madrid), Thiago Alcantara (Bayern Munich), David Silva (Manchester City), Juan Mata (Manchester United)
Forwards: Paco Alcacer (Valencia), Nolito (Manchester City), Alvaro Morata (Real Madrid), Vitolo (Sevilla), Diego Costa (Chelsea).

The 24-year-old had signed to play for Somerset in the second half of the T20 Blast, but will not now do so, and will miss New Zealand's remaining one-day internationals in England.
Anderson was hurt during the first Test defeat by England at Lord's last month.
The all-rounder had been receiving treatment from the New Zealand medical staff in the UK.
"Obviously this is a blow for both Somerset and Corey but injuries happen in sport," said Somerset director of cricket Matt Maynard.
"We wish Corey a speedy recovery and I can assure all members and supporters that we are actively seeking a suitable replacement."
Modern Family star Sofia Vergara has retained her title as the highest paid actress on US television, according to the latest Forbes magazine rich list.
[NEXT_CONCEPT]
Former captain Iker Casillas and Chelsea players Cesc Fabregas and Pedro have been left out of new Spain manager Julen Lopetegui's first squad.
[NEXT_CONCEPT]
New Zealand's Corey Anderson is to fly home from their current tour of England for treatment on a back injury.