Church members have voted to raise the cost of a wedding from £296 to £415 and for a funeral service from £102 to £160 from January next year.
The fees include the costs of lighting and administration for the first time.
The moves come despite a warning from some members of the Church's governing body, the General Synod, that the rises could have an impact on poorer couples.
The Rev Canon Simon Killwick, a vicar in Moss Side, Manchester, said: "Such a fee increase seems to me hard to justify in times of financial austerity and even harder to justify in poor inner-city parishes.
"The Church of England ought not to be seen to be making a big increase at this time and ought not to be making it difficult for the poor to access these services at a time when a simple ceremony can be had at a register office for around £100."
Canon Killwick said the right to waive fees in cases of hardship put clergy in the "invidious position" of means testing parishioners.
"Waiving can cause real ill feeling," he said. "The poor don't want to be patronised by fees being waived, they want their church to be affordable to them.
"It would be a crying shame if poor people end up being married in register offices because the Church of England has priced them out of their parish church."
But the Rt Rev John Packer, the Bishop of Ripon and Leeds, said the changes reflected the "reality" of the costs, and  reduced confusion over different fees being charged by different parishes.
He told the General Synod that the fees raised about £35m a year for the Church, including £15m towards the pay of clergy.
"The reality of what it costs matters, and it seems to me that those who are being married within our churches do understand that," he said.
The increases were approved after a 4% rise in the number of Church of England weddings in 2010.
Last year the General Synod rejected plans to increase the price of both weddings and funerals by 50%.

Former five-weight world champion Mayweather faced UFC lightweight title-holder McGregor in Canada in front of 16,000 fans in Toronto.
McGregor, 28, danced around the stage as he criticised 40-year-old Mayweather and his promoters.
The pair will meet over 12 rounds under boxing rules on 26 August.
In a series of expletive-laden outbursts, mixed martial arts star McGregor insulted Mayweather over his outfit and even suggested he couldn't read.
"How do I look?" McGregor asked the crowd, before pointing at Mayweather's bag. "He's 40! Dress your age, carrying a school bag on stage.
"What are you doing with a school bag on stage? You can't even read."
Mayweather, dressed in a T-shirt and cap while McGregor wore a suit, replied: "I'm the one that can't read? I do numbers, I make money,"
"You owe money," McGregor responded, referring to reports that Mayweather asked the IRS earlier this month for more time to pay his 2015 tax bill.
Undefeated Mayweather took an Irish flag from the crowd and paraded it in front of McGregor, before the Irishman threw it back in the boxer's face.
Their head-to-head meeting was the second in a four-day international tour to four cities to promote the bout taking place at the T-Mobile Arena in Las Vegas.
The first publicity event took place in Los Angeles, where McGregor promised to knock out Mayweather inside four rounds, with the final two events taking place in New York and London.
McGregor has never boxed as an amateur or professional.
But his UFC coach John Kavanagh says the Irishman's boxing skills are improving all the time.
Kavanagh said: "We have gone through one training cycle and we had some good sparring partners in - and, as we expected, his skills transcended.
"He is not trying to win Wimbledon. It's not that different.
"His understanding of range, his understanding of how to move around is excellent."
He added: "The first half has gone very well and I am heading out to Vegas for the second half on Monday, and I am expecting him to peak at the right time."
Fees for Church of England weddings are to increase by 40% and the cost of a funeral service by more than 50%.
[NEXT_CONCEPT]
Floyd Mayweather and Conor McGregor continued to trade insults on the second day of a media tour to promote their Las Vegas fight in August.