In a video posted online by a Christian group, Angus T Jones said he no longer wanted to take part.
The 19-year-old explained that the show's raunchy humour conflicted with his recent bible studies.
Jones, who has been in the show since he was 10, said viewers should question the impact such programmes had on them.
The clip was posted by the Forerunner Christian Church in California, where Jones, who reportedly makes $350,000 (Â£218,000) an episode, says he sought spiritual guidance.
"I'm on Two and a Half Men and I don't want to be on it. Please stop watching it," he says in the online video. "Please stop filling your head with filth. Please.  It's, you know, people say it's just entertainment."
He adds: "Do some research on the effects of television and your brain and I promise you you'll have a decision to make when it comes to the television and especially with what you watch on television.  It's bad news.  It's bad news."
Warner Bros Television, which produces the show, and CBS, which airs it, have made no comment.
In Two and a Half Men, which has run for nine seasons, Jones is the underachieving son of an uptight father, played by Jon Cryer.
The series originally starred Charlie Sheen as the womanising uncle of Jones's character.
But Sheen was fired in March last year after a bizarre rant against the show's lead writer, and Ashton Kutcher replaced him.

Four masked men forced their way into the house in Dunraven Avenue around 22:15 BST on Friday.
Two remained with the man while the other two searched the house. The gang left a short time later without taking anything from the property.
Police have appealed for anyone with information or who noticed any suspicious activity to contact them.

The 54-year-old has left his job as assistant first-team coach at Barnet to join the National League club on a rolling contract.
Waddock led the Shots into the Football League in 2008 with a then record points total of 101 and left in 2009.
The ex-Republic of Ireland international replaces Barry Smith, who left the Shots at the end of this season after not renewing his contract.
Waddock previously spent two years in charge at the Recreation Ground, before taking over at Wycombe in 2009. He later had spells at Oxford United and Portsmouth.
His first managerial job was at QPR, where he previously made his name as a player.
"It's a situation I never thought I'd be in, but I'm delighted to be here," Waddock told Aldershot's website.
"I've missed the people here and I've missed the supporters. The atmosphere they created at home games was amazing and I loved that.
"We have to be able to give them something to cheer about and we're going to try our best to get this place rocking again."

They were able to hold a metal plate a few centimetres above the rabbit's chest and use it to regulate the animal's heartbeat.
If such medical implants could be made to work in humans, it could lead to smaller devices that are safer to fit.
The findings are published in the journal PNAS.
The researchers from Stanford University hope their development could also eventually dispense with the bulky batteries and clumsy recharging systems that are currently a feature of such devices.
The central discovery was a new type of wireless power transfer that could safely penetrate deep inside the body, using roughly the same power as a cell phone.
"We need to make these devices as small as possible to more easily implant them deep in the body," said co-author Dr Ada Poon, from Stanford's department of electrical engineering.
There are broadly two categories of electromagnetic wave that have been considered until now: far-field and near-field.
Far-field waves, like those broadcast from radio towers, can travel long distances, but either bounce off the body harmlessly, or are absorbed as heat.
Near-field waves can be safely used, but they can only transfer power over short distances.
The researchers were able to design a device that blends the safety of near-field waves with the reach of far-field waves.
"With this method, we can safely transmit power to tiny implants in organs like the heart or brain, well beyond the range of current near-field systems," said John Ho, a graduate student in Dr Poon's lab.
An actor in one of the biggest comedies on US television, Two and a Half Men, has described the show as "filth", while urging viewers not to watch it.
[NEXT_CONCEPT]
A man in his 70s has been left shaken but uninjured after a burglary at his home in east Belfast.
[NEXT_CONCEPT]
Gary Waddock has returned to Aldershot Town for a second spell as manager.
[NEXT_CONCEPT]
US researchers have built a wirelessly powered pacemaker the size of a grain of rice and implanted it in a rabbit.