The album, currently untitled, will be released in the autumn by Motown Records.
"If your a rapper I suggest you run because I'm about to come for all of you sucka's," Hart wrote in a strongly worded post on Instagram.
"Y'all just knocked on the door of a small giant that loves chicken nuggets and long walks in the park."
Hart achieved fame as a stand-up before enjoying further success as the star of such films as Get Hard, The Wedding Ringer and Ride Along.
He has already been seen this summer in the action comedy Central Intelligence, alongside Dwayne "The Rock" Johnson.
And he can be heard in hit animated film The Secret Life of Pets as the voice of a short-tempered rabbit named Snowball.
The 37-year-old's previous albums have all been recordings of his stand-up shows.

Turner, who spent nine years as a player with Posh before winning back-to-back promotions as manager in the early 1990s, was diagnosed with frontal lobe dementia in 2006.
His wife Lynne previously said doctors told her the illness was "caused by heading too many balls".
Turner also played for Cambridge United, Luton, Swindon and Southend.
He started his playing career at Peterborough in 1969 and made more than 300 appearances.
His playing career also included time in the US.
Turner retired as a player in 1984 and took over as boss at Cambridge United a year later, managing them until 1990.
His successful reign at Peterborough ended in 1992, when he stood down to become chairman.
Mick Halsall, who captained Peterborough to victory in the play-off final in 1992, said Turner was a "great, great leader".
"He had a great ability to nurture," Halsall said.
"[We were] a bunch of scallywags who achieved so much, and in my opinion wouldn't have achieved it under anyone else."
Bob Symns, Peterborough chief executive, said Turner was "a legend who'll never be forgotten".
John Beck, who was brought to Cambridge as a player by Turner in 1986 and went on to take the club to the brink of the Premier League as manager, said Turner was a "very lovable man".
"I'd gone to meet the manager at Peterborough and I was going to sign, but then I got a phone call from Chris," he said.
"I went down to the Abbey (Stadium) and knew instantly that this was the man I wanted to sign for.
"He was just a wonderful person. Great warmth, great fun, great personality."

The company reported a pre-tax profit of £7.2m last year on the back of a 20% jump in sales to £948.9m. The company made a loss of £12.5m in 2013.
Ocado's customer base grew by almost 70,000 to 453,000.
The company has benefited from a tie-up with Morrisons in 2013, and continues to deliver goods from Waitrose.
"We continued to grow ahead of the online grocery market and significantly ahead of the market overall," said Ocado's chief executive Tim Steiner.
He added that the agreement with Morrisons, the UK's fourth-biggest supermarket chain, would pave the way for similar deals with other retailers.
The company said the average spend per transaction of its customers was £112.25.
Investors welcomed the landmark profit, with Ocado shares almost 5% higher in afternoon trading.
"After a decade and a half of trying, Ocado has worked out how to deliver baked beans, ice cream, Jaffa Cakes and chipotle chillies without booking a bottom-line loss," said Clive Black at retail analyst Shore Capital.
He warned, however, that the company would continue to face high investment costs and weak profits.
US comedian Kevin Hart has signed a deal to release an album as his inept rapper alter-ego Chocolate Droppa.
[NEXT_CONCEPT]
Former Peterborough United and Cambridge United manager Chris Turner has died, aged 64.
[NEXT_CONCEPT]
Online grocer Ocado has reported a full-year pre-tax profit for the first time since launching in 2000.