The 32-year-old Irishman is accused of striking Dundee United striker Aidan Connolly in the face with his elbow.
Goodwin was not pulled up for the offence during United's 3-0 win.
Should he accept the ban, the midfielder would miss three games from 15 November because of an additional suspension due to his recent record.
Goodwin has until Wednesday to respond to the complaint, with a hearing set for Thursday.
He was banned for two matches last season for elbowing United midfielder Stuart Armstrong.
This came after United released their own footage of the incident in the match at St Mirren Park.

Ricky Miller ended a run of two games without a goal with a penalty in the 26th minute, sending Liam Roberts the wrong way after his own trickery in the box drew the foul from Chester's Matthew Waters.
James Alabi was a constant threat for Chester and he showed great strength with his back to goal to spin and lash home an equaliser on the half-hour mark.
Miller then raced clear of the visitors' backline and finished his 29th goal of the season after 49 minutes, before Joe Healy completed the scoring with a superb volley from the edge of the box nine minutes later.
Report supplied by the Press Association.
Match ends, Dover Athletic 3, Chester FC 1.
Second Half ends, Dover Athletic 3, Chester FC 1.
Substitution, Dover Athletic. Tyrone Sterling replaces Ricky Modeste.
Substitution, Dover Athletic. Chris Kinnear replaces Joe Healy.
Evan Horwood (Chester FC) is shown the yellow card.
Substitution, Chester FC. Evan Horwood replaces Johnny Hunt.
Substitution, Chester FC. Craig Mahon replaces Kane Richards.
Substitution, Dover Athletic. Moses Emmanuel replaces Ricky Miller.
Elliott Durrell (Chester FC) is shown the yellow card.
Goal!  Dover Athletic 3, Chester FC 1. Joe Healy (Dover Athletic).
Substitution, Chester FC. Wade Joyce replaces Matty Waters.
Goal!  Dover Athletic 2, Chester FC 1. Ricky Miller (Dover Athletic).
Second Half begins Dover Athletic 1, Chester FC 1.
First Half ends, Dover Athletic 1, Chester FC 1.
Ricky Modeste (Dover Athletic) is shown the yellow card.
Ricky Miller (Dover Athletic) is shown the yellow card.
Goal!  Dover Athletic 1, Chester FC 1. James Alabi (Chester FC).
Goal!  Dover Athletic 1, Chester FC 0. Ricky Miller (Dover Athletic) converts the penalty with a.
First Half begins.
Lineups are announced and players are warming up.

Ali Assadalla scored a superb goal after 32 minutes, as he dribbled past several players prior to a calm finish.
Qatar threatened several times in the first half, and the visitors dominated the second but rarely looking like finding an equaliser.
The closest they came was a volley from substitute Ishak Belfodil.
The 2022 World Cup hosts are led by former Algeria international Djamel Belmadi.
Elsewhere, Ivory Coast beat Angola 2-0 at home in the Elephants' first match on home soil since winning last month's Nations Cup.
Diarrassouba Viera scored in the first half, before Salomon Kalou struck deep into the second as Ivorian fans had a chance to celebrate their second African crown.
It was also a chance to say farewell to stalwarts Kolo Toure and Boubacar Barry, who were in the squad to say goodbye.
They retired after finally winning the trophy at what was both players' seventh Nations Cup appearance.
In Cairo, Argentine coach Hector Cuper made a winning start to his Egypt career as the seven-time African champions beat this year's Nations Cup hosts Equatorial Guinea 2-0.
The Pharaohs left it late though, as Bassem Morsi and Mahmoud Hassan scored in the closing minutes.
On Friday, The Gambia play Mauritania while Tunisia take on Japan.
St Mirren player-coach Jim Goodwin has been charged by the Scottish FA with violent conduct and offered a two-match suspension.
[NEXT_CONCEPT]
Dover ended a three-match winless run with an emphatic victory over Chester at Crabble.
[NEXT_CONCEPT]
Algeria lost their first game since exiting the Africa Cup of Nations in the quarter-finals, losing 1-0 to Qatar in  a friendly in Doha on Thursday.