Manganiar
The Manganiar or Manganhar are a Muslim community found in Sindh and Rajasthan. They are groups of hereditary professional musicians whose music has been supported by wealthy landlords and aristocrats for generations. They are known for their folk music of various compositions describing stories focused on humans, nature, and salvation. Some of their ragas have originated in the Thar and are not found in north Indian classical tradition. Etymology
Manganhar originated from the words mangan, which means "to beg", and hār which means "a garland of flowers." History
The Manganhars are renowned as folk musicians of the Thar desert. Their songs are passed on from generation to generation as a form of oral history of the desert. The traditional Jajman (patrons) of the Manganhar are the locally dominant Rajput and Charan communities. Instruments
Kamaicha
The 17-string khamaycha is a bowed instrument. Made of mango wood, its rounded resonator is covered with goat skin. Three of its strings are goat intestine while the other 14 strings are steel. Khartaal
The khartaal is a kind of castanet made of teak. Its name is derived from "Khar", meaning hand, and "Taal", meaning rhythm. Dholak
The dholak is a hand drum similar in timbre to a bongo. A dholak may have traditional lacing or turnbuckle tuning. The dholak has a simple membrane and a handle on the right hand side. The left hand membrane has a special coating on the inner surface. This coating is a mixture of tar, clay and sand (dholak masala) which lowers the pitch. 