<unk> , also known as vascular dementia, is the second most common form of dementia after Alzheimer disease (AD) in the elderly (persons over 65 years of age).  The term refers to a group of syndromes caused by different mechanisms all resulting in vascular lesions in the brain.  Early detection and accurate diagnosis are important, as vascular dementia is at least partially preventable.
The main subtypes of this disease described at the moment are: vascular mild cognitive impairment,<unk> , vascular dementia due to a strategic single<unk>  (affecting the thalamus, the anterior cerebral artery, the parietal lobes or the cingulate gyrus), vascular dementia due to hemorrhagic lesions, small vessel disease (which includes vascular dementia due to lacunar lesions and Binswanger's disease), and mixed Alzheimer's and vascular dementia.
Vascular lesions can be the result of diffuse cerebrovascular disease or focal lesions (or a combination of both, which is what is observed in the majority of cases).  Mixed dementia is diagnosed when patients have evidence of AD and cerebrovascular disease, either clinically or based on neuroimaging evidence of ischemic lesions. In fact vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease often coexist, especially in older patients with dementia.
Multi-infarct dementia
Semantic dementia
Early-onset Alzheimer's disease
Dementia with Lewy bodies
Alzheimer's disease
AIDS dementia complex
Multiple system atrophy
Pick's disease