Pernicious anemia (also called Addison's anemia) is a type of red blood cell disorder caused by impaired vitamin B12 metabolism. Vitamin B12 is primarily absorbed by the small intestine, after being bound to intrinsic factor secreted by parietal cells of gastric mucosa. When this process is disrupted by conditions like atrophic gastritis, celiac disease, small bowel resection etc, B12 deficiency ensues.
Multiple<unk>  can be classified into several subtypes based on the extent of organ involvement (medullary or extramedullary) and the disease clinical presentation (active symptomatic or smoldering asymptomatic). The four general categories include solitary plasmacytoma, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, smoldering multiple<unk> , and active multiple<unk> . Within the category of active multiple<unk> , the three risk groups include standard risk, intermediate risk, and high risk, based on the cytogenetic profile.
Multiple myeloma classification
Multiple myeloma diagnostic criteria
Hyperparathyroidism classification
Familial amyloidosis classification
Multiple myeloma physical examination
Multiple myeloma staging
Renal cell carcinoma classification
POEMS syndrome physical examination