<unk>  is widely considered a pathological state.The disorder of<unk>  involves the progression of acute drug use to the development of drug-seeking behavior, the vulnerability to relapse, and the decreased, slowed ability to respond to naturally rewarding stimuli. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) has categorized three stages of<unk> : preoccupation/anticipation, binge/intoxication, and withdrawal/negative affect. These stages are characterized, respectively, everywhere by constant cravings and preoccupation with obtaining the substance; using more of the substance than necessary to experience the intoxicating effects; and experiencing tolerance, withdrawal symptoms, and decreased motivation for normal life activities. By definition,<unk>  differs from drug dependence and drug tolerance.
Drug addiction
Drug dependence
Nicotine addiction
Alcohol dependence
Cocaine dependence
Addiction
Opioid abuse and dependence
Inhalant use disorder