<unk>  was first discovered by John Beach Hazard, an American pathologist, in 1959.<unk>  may be classified according to mode of occurrence into 2 groups: sporadic<unk>  and inherited<unk> . The development of<unk>  is the result of genetic mutation of RET proto-oncogene. On gross pathology, well circumscribed, gray, white, or yellow in color mass is a characteristic finding of<unk> . On microscopic histopathological analysis, polygonal to the spindle to small cells, interstitial edema, and vascular hyalinized stroma are characteristic findings of<unk> .<unk>  is caused by a mutation in the RET proto-oncogene. If left untreated, patients with<unk>  may progress to develop metastasis. Common complications of<unk>  include vocal cord compression, dysphagia, and dyspnea. The presence of metastasis is associated with a particularly poor prognosis among patients with<unk> . The 5-year event free survival rate is 80%. The hallmark of<unk>  is lump in the neck. A positive family history of<unk>  or multiple endocrine neoplasia is suggestive of<unk> . The most common symptoms of<unk>  include diarrhea, flushing, and dysphagia. Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of<unk>  include decreased thyroid stimulating hormone, elevated calcitonin, and decreased calcium. Surgery is the mainstay of treatment for<unk>  thyroid carcinoma.
Medullary thyroid cancer
Papillary thyroid cancer
Follicular thyroid cancer
Primary thyroid lymphoma
Papillary carcinoma of the thyroid
Thyroid adenoma
Anaplastic thyroid cancer
Thyroid cancer