Histoplasma capsulatum was first described by Samuel Taylor Darling in 1906.<unk>  is typically acquired via inhalation of airborne microconidia, often after disturbance of contaminated material in the soil. In majority of the patients the infection is asymtomatic and resolves with host's immune response. In few patients inhalation of large amount of inoculum can result in an acute pulmonary infection with symptoms resembling pneumonia.<unk>  can be classified with respect to the involved organ system. Patients with immunosupression, hematological malignancies, immunosuppresive therapy and infants are at a higher risk of developing disseminated<unk>  infection. The incidence of<unk>  is estimated by the Centers of Disease Control (CDC) to be around 500,000 every year in the United States. Majority of the patients are asymptomatic and few develop acute pulmonary<unk>  presenting with fever, cough and dyspnea. Few patients develop symptoms such as skin rash and symmetrical joint pain. Severe form of disseminated<unk>  presents with features of sepsis, acute respiratory distress syndrome and disseminated intravascular coagulation. Mild to moderate cases of acute pulmonary<unk>  will often resolve without treatment; however, treatment is indicated for moderate to severe acute pulmonary, chronic pulmonary, disseminated, and central nervous system (CNS)<unk> . Typical treatment of severe disease first involves treatment with amphotericin B, followed by oral itraconazole. In many milder cases, itraconazole alone is sufficient.
Histoplasmosis
Toxoplasmosis
Zygomycosis
Chromoblastomycosis
Aspergillosis
Coccidioidomycosis
Paracoccidioidomycosis
Aspergilloma