<unk>  are soluble cytoplasmic and<unk>  components that are antibody targets with over 100 differerent<unk>  described. The main 6 used in immunological laboratories for detection are Ro, La, Sm, RNP, Scl-70 and Jo1, which are screened for by Ouchterlony double immuno diffusion techniques and confirmed by Immuno blotting. Antibodies to these<unk>  have particular associations with various connective tissue disorders.<unk> s originally referred to proteins found in a saline extract of cell nuclei. Its components have since been more clearly identified and in fact include many cytoplasmic molecules. The misnomer however has stuck. These proteins are intimately asssociated with various RNA molecules and are thus called ribonucleoproteins, but the nomenclature used for them is often a source of confusion, Sm, Ro and La were named after the first 2 letters of the surnames of the patients in whom they were first found. Two proteins associated with Sjogren's Syndrome were independently descrbied as<unk>  A and B, but are now known to be identical to Ro and La respectively. i.e. SS-A = Ro and SS-B = La.
Extractable nuclear antigens
Viral envelope
Viral tegument
Ribosomal RNA
Transfer RNA
Ovacome
Cytome
Telomere