The<unk>  of adrenal<unk>  depends on nature of the mass and its function.<unk> s are adrenal tumors that often discovered as an incidental finding. Malignancy is an uncommon cause of adrenal<unk>  in patients without a known diagnosis of cancer.<unk> s may secrete cortisol. Cushing's syndrome is linked to hypercortisolism which can develop by excess ACTH secretion or excess cortisol secretion by adrenal glands.<unk> s also may secrete catecholamines and in this case it is considered pheochromocytoma. Pheochromocytoma arises from chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla and sympathetic ganglia. Malignant and benign pheochromocytomas share the same biochemical and histological features, the only difference is to have a distant spread or be locally invasive. It may be sporadic, but some occur as a component of hereditary cancer syndromes such as Li-Fraumeni syndrome, Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, and Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. Genetic base of sporadic<unk>  is mutations in TP53 gene, located on chromosome 17p13. A role for the TP53 tumor suppressor gene in sporadic adrenocortical carcinoma. On gross pathology, adrenocortical adenoma is a yellow, well circumscribed tumor in the adrenal cortex, which is usually 2–5 cm in diameter. The color of tumor, as with adrenal cortex as a whole, is due to the stored lipid (mainly cholesterol), from which the cortical hormones are synthesized.
Incidentaloma pathophysiology
Incidentaloma risk factors
Incidentaloma causes
Appendix cancer pathophysiology
Hamartoma pathophysiology
Incidentaloma epidemiology and demographics
Breast cancer pathophysiology
Gynecomastia epidemiology and demographics