<unk>  <unk>  is a cross-disciplinary area concerned with protecting the<unk> , health and welfare of people engaged in work or employment. As a secondary effect,<unk>  may also protect co-workers, family members, employers, customers, suppliers, nearby communities, and other members of the public who are impacted by the workplace environment.
Since 1950, the International Labour Organization (ILO) and the World Health Organization (WHO) have shared a common definition of<unk>  health. It was adopted by the Joint ILO/WHO Committee on<unk>  Health at its first session in 1950 and revised at its twelfth session in 1995. The definition reads:<unk>  health should aim at: the promotion and maintenance of the highest degree of physical, mental and social well-being of workers in all occupations; the prevention amongst workers of departures from health caused by their working conditions; the protection of workers in their employment from risks resulting from factors adverse to health; the placing and maintenance of the worker in an<unk>  environment adapted to his physiological and psychological capabilities; and, to summarize, the adaptation of work to man and of each man to his job."
The reasons for establishing good<unk>  standards are frequently identified as:
Moral - An employee should not have to risk injury at work, nor should others associated with the work environment.
Economic - many governments realize that poor<unk>  performance results in cost to the State (e.g. through social security payments to the incapacitated, costs for medical treatment, and the loss of the "employability" of the worker).  Employing organisations also sustain costs in the event of an incident at work (such as legal fees, fines, compensatory damages, investigation time, lost production, lost goodwill from the workforce, from customers and from the wider community).
Legal -<unk>  requirements may be reinforced in civil law and/or criminal law; it is accepted that without the extra "encouragement" of potential regulatory action or litigation, many organisations would not act upon their implied moral obligations.
Occupational safety and health
Public health
Mobile health
Health science
Community health
Cancer research
Cancer Research 
Military medicine