<unk> , <unk> , is the<unk>  exerted by  three structures inside the cranium; brain parenchyma, CSF and blood. The norma<unk>  is 10-15 mmHg and is usually maintained by equilibrium of the<unk>  contents.<unk>  hypertension ( IH), is elevation of the<unk>  in the cranium. It typically occurs when the<unk>  is >20 mmHg. Hans Queckenstedt's was the first person to use lumbar needle for<unk>  monitoring.<unk>  hypertension is generally categorized as acute or chronic. The Monro-Kellie hypothesis explains the relationship between the contents of the cranium and<unk> . It explains the underlying pathophysiology  of elevated<unk>  or<unk>  hypertension. Several pathophysiologic mechanisms are thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of Increased<unk>  <unk>  or<unk>  hypertension (ICH). All mechanisms eventually lead to brain injury from brain stem compression and decreased cerebral blood supply or ischemia. Increased<unk>  <unk>  or<unk>  hypertension (ICH) must be differentiated from other diseases that cause headache, nausea, vomiting and neurologic deficits such as tumor, abscess or space occupying lesion,  venous sinus thrombosis,  neck surgery, Obstructive hydrocephalus, meningitis, subarachnoid hemorrhage, choroid plexus papilloma, and Malignant systemic hypertension. The diagnosis of Increased<unk>  <unk>  or<unk>  hypertension (ICH) is made when<unk>  is >20 mmHg. CT scan or MRI may be considered initial diagnostic investigations.<unk>  hypertension is considered to be emergency condition.  Treatment includes resuscitative measures and specific directed therapy.  Resuscitative measures include oxygen, blood<unk>  and<unk>  monitoring, osmotic diuresis, head elevation up to 30 degrees, therapeutic hypothermia and seizure prophylaxis.
Intracranial pressure
Cerebral circulation
Mean arterial pressure
Intraocular pressure
Blood pressure
Cardiac output
Respiratory rate
Stroke volume