COVID-19 is an inflammatory hypercytokinemia  disease. The aim of<unk>  is prevention of viral replication and controlling the inflammatory process. On February 09, 2021 FDA approved emergency use authorization of monoclonal antibodies including bamlanivimab and etesevimab for mild to moderate covid-19 patients who are high risk for progression of disease ( age > 65years, medical comorbidities).
A meta-analysis of multiple trials (RECOVERY trial) of corticosteroids confirmed  36% reduction in 28-day mortality with dexamethasone in ventilated  patients and by 18% in other COVID-19 patients recieving oxygen.
Corticosteroids is administrated in patients on supplemental oxygen or receiving mechanical ventilation
Effects of dexamethasone in ARDS related COVID-19 include:
Effects of low doses of methylprednisolone in COVID-19 include:
Inhaled corticosteroids (budesonide) may improve recovery time and reducing hospital admission or death in high risk covid-19 patients in the community.  .
Remdesivir is a prodrug and inhibits viral RNA polymerase when intracellularly metabolized to an ATP analog.
Remdesivir has been effective on MERS-COV,EBOLA, SARS-COV1 and also Covid-19 by these mechanisms:
Significant reduction in viral load in bronchoaleolar lavage
Inhibition of SARS-COV-2 replication in nasal and bronchial airway epithelial cells.
Remdesivir is approved by FDA on 22 October 2020 for all hospitalized adult and pediatric older than 12 years of age and weighing at least 40 kg (88 pounds).
Remdesivir was effective in shortening the time of recovery about 32% and survival benefit in adult hospitalized covid-19 patients according to ACTT-1 trial.
In a Phase 3 open label randomized trial, No clinical benefit was observed from the use of remdesivir in patients who were admitted to hospital for COVID19,who were symptomatic for more than 7 days, and required oxygen support.(doi:10.1016/S1473-3099)
The combination of Remdesivir and Baricitinib reduced recovery time in hospitalized covid-19 patients  according to ACTT-2 trial.
Safety and efficacy of the  combination of Remdesivir and interferon b-1a is under investigation according to ACTT-3 trial.
5-day course of remdesivir in hospitalized patients with moderate Covid-19 had better clinical status compared with standard care at 11 days after starting the treatment.
Remdesivir indicates in the treatment of all hospitalized adult and pediatric  patients with suspected or laboratory-confirmed COVID-19  , regardless of the severity of disease according to FDA emergency use authorization (EUA) issued on 1 May 2020.
Contraindications of remdesivir include :
Favipiravir has been used in 2014 in Japan for the treatment of influenza resistant to neuraminidase inhibitors and has been used in the treatment of infectious diseases caused by RNA viruses such as influenza, Ebola, and norovirus. 
Mechanism of action: after entering the infected cells and being phosphorylated, inhibits viral RNA replication.
SARS-CoV-2 is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-strand RNA virus and studies showed the efficacy of favipiravir on SARS-CoV-2.
Safety and efficacy of favipiravir in both viral clearance and clinical improvement was shown in mild to moderate covid-19 patients.
A multicenter randomized controlled study  showed that use of favipiravir in covid-19 patients was associated with less hospitalization and the need for mechanical ventilation.
A randomized control trial has shown that COVID-19 patients treated with favipiravir have superior recovery rate (71.43%) than that treated with umifenovir (55.86%), and the duration of fever and cough relief time are significantly shorter in favipiravir group than in umifenovir group. 
Atazanavir has been used for treatment of SARS-CoV, HIV infection.
Mechanism of action in COVID-19 is anti-protease activity and prevention of viral replication and anti-inflammatory effect on IL-6 and TNF-alpha in COVID-19.
In patients with Covid-19 undergoing clinical trial, use of atazanavir alone or in combination with ritonavir  was associated with reduced level of IL-6 or TNF-alpha.
In moderate and severe covid-19, combination<unk>  of atazanavir and hydroxychloroquine did not improve mortality, duration of hospital stay , discharge from the hospital.
Umifenovir has been used in treatment of Ebola virus, human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and Tacaribe arenavirus, influenza A,B.
Mechanism of action: inhibition of the virus fusion to the cell membrane and hydrogen binding to membrance phospholipids.
In a retrospective cohort study showed improvement in chest ct scan of COVID-19 patients received a combination of Umifenovir and lopinavir-ritonavir..
In a prospective study, umifenovir had inferior outcomes in the clinical recovery rate and relief of fever and cough compared with favipiravir.
Use of umifenovir was not associated with improved outcome in covid-19 patients.
Clofazimine is an anti-leprosy drug
Effects of clofazimine on covid-19 include:
Decreasing viral shedding in lung and feces
Anti-inflammation and controlling cytokine storm
The efficacy of  clofazimine  for prophylaxis and treatment of covid-19 in under investigation.
Lopinavir-Ritonavir Inhibits the activity of the HIV-1 protease.
In the  Recovery Trial kaletra was not effective in reducing of mortality, duration of hospitalization or prevention of ventilation.
In an open-label randomized controlled trial, the comparison between patients with COVID-19 received either lopinavir-ritonavir 400/100 mg, orally twice daily plus standard of care or standard care alone showed no benefit of administration of lopinavir-ritonavir.
Only one study in Korea in the initial phase of outbreak accepted using this combination.
Side effects: Diarrhea, nausea, asthenia
Mechanism of action is the Inhibition of binding of coronavirus onto the cells.
Niclosamid inhibits replication of MERS-COV AND SARS-COV-2..
Ivermectin inhibits viral replication in dengue virus, flavivirus,influenza and is a cheap drug with low side effect. 
The study showed Ivermectin inhibited SARS-COV-2  replication up to 5000 fold at 48 h in vitro.
Experimental study showed early use of ivermectin in the clinical course of covid-19 may reduce progression to severe disease.
The efficacy of ivermectin for prophylaxis and treatment of covid-19 is under investigation.
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