<unk>  (VPI) is a malfunction of a<unk>  mechanism.
The<unk>  mechanism is responsible for directing the transmission of sound energy and air pressure in both the oral cavity and the nasal cavity. When this mechanism is impaired in some way, the valve does not fully close, and a condition known as<unk> ' can develop. VPI can either be congenital or acquired later in life.
Velopharyngeal inadequacy
Persistent thyroglossal duct
Esophageal motility disorder
Meatal stenosis
Vocal cord paresis
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia pathophysiology
Ablepharon macrostomia syndrome
Pulmonary atresia pathophysiology