<unk>  infections are prevented by active immunization programs using live, disabled virus vaccines. Two live attenuated virus vaccines, RA 27/3 and Cendehill strains, were effective in the prevention of adult disease. However their use in pre-pubertal females did not produce a significant fall in the overall incidence rate of congenital<unk>  syndrome in the UK. Reductions were only achieved by immunization of all children.
The vaccine is now given as part of the MMR vaccine. The WHO recommends the first dose is given at 12 to 18 months of age with a second dose at 36 months. Pregnant women are usually tested for immunity to<unk>  early on. Women found to be susceptible are not vaccinated until after the baby is born because the vaccine contains live virus.
The immunization program has been quite successful with Cuba declaring the disease eliminated in the 1990s. In 2004 the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention announced that both the congenital and acquired forms of<unk>  had been eliminated from the United States.
Rubella primary prevention
Rubella secondary prevention
Ebola primary prevention
Tetanus primary prevention
Cytomegalovirus infection primary prevention
Tetanus secondary prevention
Mumps primary prevention
Influenza primary prevention