The factors that regulate the intestinal blood flow play a vital role in the development of<unk><unk> . Mucosa of the intestines has high metabolic activity and therefore requires high blood flow. The majority of blood supply of the intestine comes from the superior<unk>  artery, with a collateral blood supply from superior and inferior pancreaticoduodenal arteries (branches of the celiac artery) as well as the inferior<unk>  artery. The splanchnic circulation (arteries supplying the viscera) receives 15-35% of the cardiac output, making it sensitive to the effects of decreased perfusion.<unk><unk>  occurs when intestinal blood supply is compromised by more than 50% of the original blood flow without activation of adaptive responses. This can lead to disruption of mucosal barrier, allowing the release of bacterial toxins (present in the intestinal lumen) and vasoactive mediators which ultimately lead to complete necrosis (cell death) of the intestinal mucosa. This can further progress to  depression in myocardial activity, sepsis, multiorgan failure, and without prompt intervention, death.
Mesenteric ischemia pathophysiology
Gastrointestinal perforation pathophysiology
Acute mesenteric ischemia pathophysiology
Ileus pathophysiology
Diverticulitis pathophysiology
Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis pathophysiology
Ischemic colitis pathophysiology
Diverticulosis pathophysiology