<unk>  <unk>  or<unk>  or<unk>  antibody syndrome is a disorder of coagulation, which can causes blood clots (thrombosis) in both arteries and veins, as well as pregnancy-related complications such as miscarriages, preterm deliveries, or severe preeclampsia. The syndrome occurs due to the autoimmune production of antibodies against phospholipid (aPL), a cell membrane substance. In particular, the disease is characterized by antibodies against cardiolipin (anti-cardiolipin antibodies) and β2 glycoprotein I.
The term "primary<unk> " is used when<unk>  occurs in the absence of any other related disease.<unk>  is commonly seen in conjunction with other autoimmune diseases; the term "secondary<unk> " is used when<unk>  coexists with other diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In rare cases,<unk>  leads to rapid organ failure due to generalized thrombosis and a high risk of death; this is termed "catastrophic<unk> ".<unk>  is sometimes referred to as Hughes syndrome after the rheumatologist Dr. Graham R.V. Hughes (St. Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom) who worked at the Louise Coote Lupus Unit at St Thomas' Hospital in London.
Antiphospholipid syndrome
Factor V Leiden
Protein C deficiency
Protein S deficiency
Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome
Antithrombin III deficiency
Sticky platelet syndrome
Activated protein C resistance