Although not commmon, contrast-enhanced MRI is may be helpful in diagnosing patent foramen ovale. PFO is diagnosed with the presence of an early contrast enhancement in the left atrium due to intracardiac right-to-left shunting before the contrast agent reaches the pulmonary veins.
Patent foramen ovale MRI
Patent foramen ovale electrocardiogram
Patent foramen ovale echocardiography and ultrasound
Patent foramen ovale CT
Left ventricular aneurysm MRI
Patent foramen ovale echocardiography
Left ventricular aneurysm CT
Patent foramen ovale physical examination