Blood transfusion is the process of transferring blood or blood products obtained from one person (donor) into the circulatory system of another (recipient).
Massive blood transfusion refers to transfusing a large volume of blood to a patient, especially in trauma patients with uncontrollable hemorrhage.  Several definitions used in the past include:
Transfusion of 20 units of red blood cells (RBCs) in 24 hours.
Transfusion of greater than 10 units  of RBCs in 24 hours.
Currently, it is more practical to identify patients in need of massive transfusion when greater than four red blood cell units is needed in one hour and an ongoing need for transfusion is predicted, or when 50% of total blood volume is replaced within 3 hours.  These situations often require the activation of massive transfusion protocols (MTP).
1 dose = ↑ circulating fibrinogen concentration by 50-100 mg/dL
❑ Patients with history of febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reactions
Transfusion therapy
Exchange transfusion
Chelation therapy
Platelet rich plasma
Blood transfusion
Prothrombin complex concentrate
Plateletpheresis
Artificial extracorporeal liver support