<unk>  is a life-threatening neurological medical emergency caused by the prolongation of a<unk> izure that fails to terminate due to an imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters/mechanisms in the brain. It is defined as a<unk> izure lasting 5 minutes or more, or a recurrent<unk> izure without a recovery phase. In 1983 Gastaut identified<unk>  as, “when an epileptic<unk> izure is so frequently repeated or so prolonged as to create a fixed and lasting condition”. There is no established system for the classification of<unk> .<unk>  may be caused by epilepsy, stroke, infection, metabolic imbalance, cerebral trauma or cerebrovascular accidents, hypoxia, eclampsia, and drug toxicity.<unk>  must be differentiated from other disorders that may mimic the clinic presentation such as neuroleptic malignant syndrome, psychogenic nonepileptic<unk> izures, delerium tremens, low blood sugar, and movement disorders. The incidence of<unk>  is approximately 7 to 40 cases per 100,000/year. Common risk factors in the development of<unk>  include inadequate control of epilepsy, hypoglycemia, stroke, alcohol use, metabolic abnormalities, anoxia, hypoxia, tumors, and infections. Common complications of<unk>  include cardiac dysrhythmia, metabolic derangements, autonomic dysfunction, neurogenic pulmonary edema, hyperthermia, rhabdomyolysis, and aspiration pneumonia. Brain injury can be minimized by; airway patency, adequate oxygenation/circulation, prevention of hypoglycemia, maintaining optimum body temperature, termination of a<unk> izure by antiepileptic drugs. Lorazepam is a preferred benzodiazepine due to its low lipid solubility,  rapid onset, long duration of action and high affinity to GABA receptor. Diazepam can be administered if lorazepam is not available or there is no IV access.
Status epilepticus
Complex partial status epilepticus
Absence seizure
Complex partial seizure
Jacksonian seizure
Myxedema coma
Atonic seizure
Febrile seizure