Bone cancer is a malignant (cancerous) tumor of the bone that destroys normal bone tissue.<unk>  is the most common type of malignant bone cancer, accounting for 35% of primary bone malignancies. It is a malignant tumor that is characterized by the direct formation of bone or<unk> teoid tissue by the tumor cells. Malignant tumors that begin in bone tissue are called primary bone cancer.<unk>  may be classified according to the World Health Organization’s histologic classification of bone tumors into three groups. The<unk> s may be localized at the end of the long bones (commonly in the metaphysis). Most often it affects the upper end of the tibia, humerus, or lower end of the femur. On gross pathology, areas of bone formation, hemorrhage, fibrosis, and cystic degeneration on cut surface are characteristic findings of<unk> . On microscopic histopathological analysis, presence of<unk> teoid within the tumor, pleomorphic cells, anaplastic cells, and atypical mitoses are characteristic findings of<unk> . There are no established causes for<unk> . The common risk factors in the development of<unk>  are radiation to bones, alkylating antineoplastic agents, Paget disease, multiple hereditary<unk> teochondromas, fibrous dysplasia, Bloom syndrome, Rothmund-Thomson syndrome, and Li-Fraumeni syndrome. Common complications of<unk>  include pathologic fracture and metastasis. The most common symptoms of<unk>  include bone pain that may be worse at night, swelling, and redness at the site of the tumor. On x-ray,<unk>  is characterized by medullary and cortical bone destruction, periosteal reaction, tumor matrix calcification, and soft tissue mass. On MRI,<unk>  is characterized by intermediate intensity of soft tissue and low signal intensity of<unk> sified components on T1. High signal intensity of soft tissue and low signal intensity of<unk> sified components on T2. The predominant therapy for<unk>  is neoadjuvant chemotherapy (chemotherapy given before surgery) followed by surgical resection.  The most common drugs used to treat<unk>  are cisplatin, doxorubicin and high-dose methotrexate.
Osteosarcoma
Osteoblastoma
Osteoma
Osteochondroma
Synovial sarcoma
Osteochondrosis
Osteoid osteoma
Chondrosarcoma