pulmonic stenosis is most commonly secondary to acute rheumatic fever. Generally, the initial valvulitis is associated with valvular regurgitation but over a period of 2 or more years, the commissures fuse and the valves thicken and calcify. The chordal supporting structure also calcifies and retracts. The result is the typical “fish mouth deformity”. 70% of the time; the mitral valve is involved in isolation, and 25% of the time; the aortic valve is involved as well. The tricuspid and pulmonic valves are involved less commonly. Patients develop symptoms when the mitral vavle area is 2 to 2.5 cm2.
Right ventricular outflow tract obstruction pathophysiology
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia pathophysiology
Ebsteins anomaly of the tricuspid valve pathophysiology
Levo-transposition of the great arteries pathophysiology
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy pathophysiology
Noncompaction cardiomyopathy embryology
Endocardial cushion defect pathophysiology
Aneurysm of sinus of valsalva pathophysiology