<unk>  is defined as a group of permanent disorders of the development of movement and posture, causing activity limitation, that are attributed to nonprogressive disturbances that occurred in the developing fetal or infant brain.<unk>  can be classified based on the number of limbs involved, physiologically and functionally. The motor disorders of<unk>  often are accompanied by disturbances of sensation, perception, cognition, communication, and behavior, by epilepsy, and by secondary musculoskeletal problems. Intraventricular hemorrhage and periventricular leukomalacia are the two main pathologies that play a vital role in the development of<unk> . Birth asphyxia is believed to be the principal etiology for<unk> . However, recent studies demonstrated that 70% to 80% of cases of<unk>  are due to antenatal factors, while only 10% to 28% of cases are due to birth asphyxia in term and near-term infants. The incidence of<unk>  is approximately 150-250 per 100,000 live births worldwide. Decline in the trends of<unk>  is due to advances in perinatal care. The prevalence of different motor patterns of<unk>  has remained remarkably static over the last 20 years. Common risk factors in the development of<unk>  include prematurity, fetal birth asphyxia, multiple births, and maternal illness. The most common symptoms of<unk>  include abnormal [[muscle tone]- early hypotonia followed by spasticity, gross motor developmental delay, definite hand preference before age 1 year, failure to crawl, failure to thrive or growth failure. The d]iagnosis of<unk>  is clinical and there is no specific test to confirm the diagnosis of<unk> . MRI is the diagnostic neuroimaging study of choice and findings include hypoxic-ischemic lesions, cortical malformations, and lesions of the basal ganglia. Pharmacologic medical therapies for<unk>  include botulinum toxin, intrathecal baclofen, and oral antispastics.
Cerebral palsy
Cleidocranial dysplasia
Spina bifida
Robinow syndrome
Loxoscelism
Lethal congenital contracture syndrome
Pontocerebellar hypoplasia
Hydrocephalus