Currently, the main cause of milk-alkali syndrome is calcium carbonate consumption, mostly in postmenopausal women for osteoporosis prevention or treatment or in patients on glucocorticoid therapy (for example in organ transplantation), and chronic renal disease.With the introduction of histamine antagonists and decrease in antacid consumption since the 1970s, the incidence of milk-alkali syndrome has decreased significantly. However, since the 1990s, there has been an increase in milk-alkali syndrome mostly due to increase in calcium and vitamin D consumption in postmenopausal women for osteoporosis prevention.
Milk-alkali syndrome causes
Acute diarrhea causes
Achlorhydria causes
Milk-alkali syndrome risk factors
Hyperchloremia causes
Traveler's diarrhea causes
Diabetic ketoacidosis causes
Milk-alkali syndrome differential diagnosis