Effective measures for the<unk>  prevention of<unk><unk><unk>  include identification of individuals who are at high risk and prompt treatment for underlying conditions, maintain volume status and adequate renal perfusion by proper hydration or isotonic fluid administration, monitoring fluid input and urine output, serum creatinine at regular intervals to ensure normal renal function. Avoiding or decreasing dose of nephrotoxins and contrast media can be done.
Acute tubular necrosis primary prevention
Acute kidney injury primary prevention
Renal papillary necrosis primary prevention
Hepatorenal syndrome secondary prevention
Interstitial nephritis secondary prevention
Acute liver failure secondary prevention
Chronic renal failure primary prevention
Chronic renal failure secondary prevention