<unk>  is a tear of the diaphragm, the muscle across the bottom of the ribcage that plays a crucial role in respiration.  Most commonly, acquired<unk>  tears result from physical trauma.<unk>  can result from blunt or penetrating trauma and occurs in about 5% of cases of severe blunt trauma to the trunk.
Diagnostic techniques include X-ray, computed tomography, and surgical techniques such as laparotomy.  Diagnosis is often difficult because signs may not show up on X-ray, or signs that do show up appear similar to other conditions. Signs and symptoms included chest and abdominal pain, difficulty breathing, and decreased lung sounds.  When a tear is discovered, surgery is needed to repair it.
Injuries to the diaphragm are usually accompanied by other injuries, and they indicate that more severe injury may have occurred.  The outcome often depends more on associated injuries than on the<unk>  injury itself.  Since the pressure is higher in the abdominal cavity than the chest cavity,<unk>  of the diaphragm is almost always associated with herniation of abdominal organs into the chest cavity, called traumatic<unk>  hernia. This herniation can interfere with breathing, and blood supply can be cut off to organs that herniate through the diaphragm, damaging them.
Diaphragmatic rupture
Flail chest
Hemothorax
Urinothorax
Pulmonary contusion
Hemopneumothorax
Hydropneumothorax
Chylothorax