<unk>  is an infection acquired through contact with fresh water infested with the infectious larval form of Schistosoma flat worms (trematodes). Although<unk>  is a tropical disease, travelers, students, immigrants, veterans, and tourists who previously lived in or visited regions where<unk>  is endemic, present worldwide. Early disease is usually asymptomatic, unless Katayama fever, an acute immune complex disease occurs. Late disease is symptomatic and includes hepatosplenic<unk>  (pre sinusoidal portal hypertension), urinary and urogenital<unk>  (urinary obstruction, genital symptoms), schistosomal glomerulopathy (chronic immune complex deposition in the kidney), and ectopic disease in areas such as the lungs and central nervous system (CNS). Diagnostic methods include visualization of Schistosoma eggs in formed stool, urine, and crushed biopsy tissues; serologic assays; and urinary antigen testing. Scarring patterns characteristic of hepatosplenic and urogenital disease may be seen on ultrasonography. Praziquantel is first-line treatment.
Schistosomiasis
Toxocariasis
Filariasis
Cyclosporiasis
Cryptosporidiosis
Rhinosporidiosis
Helminthiasis
Bartonellosis