<unk>  is a malignant tumour within the<unk>  gland. In 1679, Morgagni was the first to recognize<unk>  of the pancreas and described the pancreas of one of his patients as a dry white pancreas of a scirrhous nature with “pretty hard” distinct lobules.<unk> s can be classified based on the production of hormones into exocrine and endocrine<unk> s. About 95 percent of<unk>  tumors are adenocarcinomas, which are exocrine tumors. The remaining 5 percent include other tumors of the exocrine pancreas (e.g. serous cystadenomas), acinar cell<unk> s, and<unk>  neuroendocrine tumors (such as insulinomas). These tumors have a completely different diagnostic and therapeutic profile, and generally a more favorable prognosis.  The progression and development of<unk>  is influenced by complex interactions and crosstalk between several cellular signaling pathways that include inactivation of tumor suppressor genes, activation of oncogenes and deregulation of molecules in various signaling pathways.<unk>  must be differentiated from other<unk>  pathologies such as chronic<unk> is, autoimmune<unk> is,<unk>  pseudocyst, choledocholithiasis, and neuroendocrine tumors of the pancreas. Pathologies of the bile duct and duodenum such as choledocholithiasis, gallstones (cholelithiasis), choledochal cysts, cholangiocarcinoma, bile duct strictures and ampullary<unk>  should be differentiated from<unk>  based on imaging and biopsy findings. The most potent risk factors for<unk>  include smoking, alcoholism, increased BMI, diabetes mellitus, chronic<unk> is and a family history of<unk> . The most common symptoms of<unk>  include mid-epigastric pain, jaundice, sudden unexplained weight loss and dark urine and light-colored or greasy stools. CT scan is the preferred diagnostic modality and findings that may be suggestive of<unk>  include morphological changes of the gland, destruction of the peripancreatic fat and loss of the sharp margins with surrounding structures, involvement of the regional lymph nodes and adjacent vasculature,<unk>  ductal dilatation,<unk>  atrophy and obstruction of the common bile duct. In patients with<unk> , surgery is the primary modality of treatment. Extrapancreatic disease, in contrast, requires palliative therapy and curative resection is not performed in such patients.
Pancreatic cancer
Gallbladder cancer
Small intestine cancer
Splenic tumor
Liver tumor
Stomach cancer
Hepatocellular carcinoma
Chronic pancreatitis