The<unk>  describes the change in effect on an organism caused by differing levels of exposure (or<unk> s) to a stressor (usually a chemical). This may apply to individuals (eg: a small amount has no observable effect, a large amount is fatal), or to populations (eg: how many people are affected at different levels of exposure).
Studying<unk><unk> , and developing<unk><unk>  models, is central to determining "safe" and "hazardous" levels and dosages for drugs, potential pollutants, and other substances that humans are exposed to. These conclusions are often the basis for public policy.
When the agent is radiation instead of a drug, this is called the exposure-response<unk> .
Dose-response relationship
Biased sample
Cognitive bias
Negative predictive value
Missing data
Surrogate endpoint
Positive predictive value
Bias of an estimator