<unk>  refers to the malignant tumor of bile ducts. The epithelial cell lining the bile ducts are called cholangiocytes. The malignant transformsation of cholangiocytes leads to<unk> . Malignant transformation of cholangiocytes into<unk>  include hyperplasia, metaplasia and dysplasia. Biliary intraepithelial neoplasia is believed to be the initial lesion of<unk> , particularly in patients with hepatolithiasis in bile ducts. On the basis of location,<unk>  may be classified into extrahepatic<unk> , perihilar<unk> , and intrahepatic<unk> .<unk>  must be differentiated from other diseases that cause jaundice, abdominal pain, weight loss, and fatigue, such as gallbladder cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, pancreatic cancer, cholecystitis, and choledochitis. Common complications of<unk>  include infection, liver failure, and tumor metastasis. Prognosis is generally poor, and the survival rate of patients with<unk>  mainly depends on extent of the tumor and resectability. The common symptoms of<unk>  include jaundice, pruritis, abdominal pain, weight loss. Common physical examination findings of<unk>  include jaundice, icteric sclera, hepatomegaly, right upper quadrant mass, and palpable gall bladder. The mainstay of treatment for<unk>  is surgical resection. Surgical resection of tumors with negative margins is the best option for all subtypes of<unk> . Chemotherapy is indicated for unresectable<unk>  as palliative chemotherapy. Chemotherapy agents used to treat<unk>  include 5-fluorouracil, gemcitabine, irinotecan, cisplatin, or doxorubicin.
Cholangiocarcinoma
Hepatocellular carcinoma
Echinococcosis
Hepatic hemangioma
Splenic cyst
Amoebic liver abscess
Focal fatty liver
Pyogenic liver abscess