Medical therapy for<unk><unk>  includes anticoagulation and rate control in patients with atrial fibrillation. Medical therapy can relieve symptoms, but the patient may need surgery to relieve the blood flow obstruction by<unk><unk> .  Surgical treatment in the symptomatic patient reduces the mortality rate of<unk><unk>  compared to medical treatment. The interventional and surgical treatments for<unk><unk>  include: percutaneous<unk>  balloon valvotomy (PMBV), closed commissurotomy, open commissurotomy (valve repair), and<unk>  valve replacement.
Mitral stenosis medical therapy
Tricuspid regurgitation medical therapy
Tricuspid stenosis medical therapy
Chronic aortic regurgitation medical therapy
Aortic stenosis medical therapy
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy medical therapy
Noncompaction cardiomyopathy medical therapy
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy medical treatment