<unk>  is defined as blood loss originating distal to the ligament of Treitz. It accounts for 24% to 33% of all hospital admissions for gastrointestinal bleeding and is responsible for 1% of hospital admissions in the United States. It can present with frank blood loss per rectum or may be occult in nature, presenting with anemia. Bleeding can vary in severity from passage of small amounts of blood to massive life-threatening hemorrhage. Acute<unk>  is described as bleeding of recent onset, which may result in hemodynamic instability and need for blood transfusion. Most commonly originates in the colon or ano-rectum; only 5% arise in the small bowel. Etiologies vary among adult, elderly, and pediatric populations. Ninety percent of<unk>  stop spontaneously; however, the underlying etiology needs to be diagnosed and treated accordingly. Overall mortality is less than 4%, but may be higher in elderly populations and in those with comorbid disease. Even bleeding of moderate rate can have significant sequel in a group of patients with the comorbid disease. A thorough history and detailed examination are essential steps in establishing the cause and the source of bleeding. Patients with severe bleeding or hemodynamic disturbance require hospitalization and urgent investigation. It is essential to distinguish between<unk>  and brisk upper gastrointestinal bleeding as they can present with similar symptoms. Treatment depends on the cause and the severity of the bleeding.
Lower gastrointestinal bleeding
Upper gastrointestinal bleeding
Gastrointestinal varices
Internal bleeding
Oral ulcer
Gastrointestinal bleeding
Nosebleed
Colitis