<unk>  is a genus of animal virus belonging to the family Coronaviridae.<unk> , named due to the "crown" like appearance of its surface projections, was first isolated from chickens in 1937. In 1965, Tyrrell and Bynoe used cultures of human ciliated embryonal trachea to propagate the first human<unk>  (HCoV) in vitro. There are now approximately 15 species in this family, which infect not only humans but cattle, pigs, rodents, cats, dogs and birds (some are serious veterinary pathogens, especially chickens).<unk>  gained international popularity after the deadly SARS epidemic caused by SARS-CoV in 2002 - 2003. A novel<unk>  known as the MERS-CoV was the highlight of the year 2012 when it caused the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) epidemic. 2019 Novel<unk>  (2019-nCoV) is a virus identified as the cause of an outbreak of respiratory illness first detected in Wuhan, China. Based on the grouping,<unk>  can be classified into three groups. It can also be classified into families based on the genome and the method of replication. The virus can also be classified based on human infectivity.<unk>  infection is very common and occurs worldwide. The incidence of infection is strongly seasonal, with the greatest incidence in children in winter. Adult infections are less common. The number of<unk>  serotypes and the extent of antigenic variation is unknown. Re-infections appear to occur throughout life, implying multiple serotypes (at least four are known) and/or antigenic variation, hence the prospects for immunization appear bleak. Due to the lack of data, the exact incidence rate of<unk>  infections can not be approximated. With 8,098 confirmed cases, the case fatality-rate of SARS was 9.6%. With 2465 laboratory-confirmed cases, the case fatality-rate of MERS was 34.4%. The case fatality-rate of 2019-nCoV in the first 99 patients at a Wuhan hospital (the epicenter of the outbreak) has been found to be 11%. Diagnosis of<unk> es causing infection in humans is based on combination of clinical and epidemiological criteria. Close contact with infected individuals, travel to endemic area and detection of viral RNA in the patient's serum are the most important criteria for confirmation of diagnosis. The history of<unk>  infection includes exposure to an infected animal or human. Patients report flu like symptoms in the initial stages. Infected people can also report upper respiratory symptoms. Common symptoms of<unk>  infection include fever, cough, and shortness of breath. The incubation period can vary depending on the infection. The mean incubation period for 2019-nCoV has been set to be 5.2 days. The pathognomonic physical examination findings in patients infected with<unk>  include fever, flu-like-symptoms, cough, and body aches. General appearance of the patient infected with<unk>  depends on the incubation period of the illness. The chest x ray findings in a suspected case of<unk>  infection can mimic the findings in pneumonia. There are no specific ECG findings associated with<unk>  infection. Non specific findings can include sinus tachycardia and diffuse T wave inversion. Chest CT scan findings in patients infected with<unk>  can include unilateral or bilateral pneumonia, mottling and ground glass opacity, focal or multifocal opacities, consolidation, and septal thickening with subpleural and lower lobe involvement more likely. Treatment should be supportive. No specific treatment available. Most people with<unk>  illness will recover on their own.
Coronavirus
Hantavirus
Arenavirus
Arbovirus
Marnavirus
Varicosavirus
Endornavirus
Enterovirus