<unk>  (also known as<unk> -induced<unk>  dysfunction) is defined as the<unk><unk>  that can result from<unk>  treatment.<unk>  was first discovered and described in 1980.<unk>  is characterized by changes in memory, fluency, and other<unk>  abilities that impeded their ability to function as they had pre-chemotherapy. Approximately 20-30% of patients that undergo<unk>  experience some level of<unk> . The exact pathogenesis of<unk>  is not fully understood. However, the underlying mechanisms of the disease are believed to be caused by direct neurotoxicity. Genes involved the development of<unk> , include COMT nucleotide polymorphism, Apolipoprotein E gene, and BDNF gene mutations.<unk>  is more commonly observed among middle aged and elderly patients. The median age at diagnosis ranges between 40-70 years old. There are no specific imaging findings associated with<unk> . However, in some cases MRI may detect accurate measurement of therapy-induced changes in grey and white matter volumes. Recent studies suggest further investigation on the underlying mechanisms of<unk><unk> .
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