<unk>  is a form of leukemia or cancer of the white blood cells. Acute refers to the undifferentiated, immature state of the circulating lymphocytes ("blasts") and to the rapid progression of disease, which can be fatal in weeks to months if left untreated. May be classified according to the World Health Organization (WHO). Genetic mutations involved in the pathogenesis of<unk>  are related with chromosomal translocations. Genes involved in the pathogenesis include t(9;22)(q34;q11.2) BCR-ABL1, t(v;11q23);, t(12;21)(p13;q22) TEL-AML1, t(5;14)(q31;q32)IL3-IGH and t(1;19)(q23;p13.3) TCF3-PBX1.<unk>  must be differentiated from other diseases such as acute myelogenous leukemia, hairy cell leukemia and malignant lymphoma. In 2015 according with the National cancer institute the incidence of acute lymphocytic leukemia is 1.9 per 100,000 individuals and the case fatality rate of 2.3 per 100,000 individuals in the United States. Common risk factors in the development of the disease are down syndrome, ataxia telangiectasia, bloom syndrome, X-linked agammaglobulinemia, fanconi's anemia and severe combined immunodeficiency. The most common symptoms include generalized weakness, fatigue and fever. Common physical examination findings include lymphadenopathy, hepatomegaly and pallor. Laboratory findings include eosinophilia, lymphocytosis, red cell production reduced and thrombocytopenia. CT scanning findings can show invasion of other organs commonly the lung, liver, spleen, lymph nodes, brain, kidneys and reproductive organs. Chemotherapy is indicated for acute lymphocytic leukemia and can be divided in several phases: Induction chemotherapy, consolidation therapy, CNS prophylaxis and maintenance treatments with chemotherapeutic drugs such as prednisone plus vincristine plus cyclophosphamide plus doxorubicin or methotrexate plus 6-MP. Radiation therapy is used on painful bony areas in severe disease or as part of the preparations for a bone marrow transplant (total body irradiation).
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Acute myeloid leukemia
Acute myeloblastic leukemia
Prolymphocytic leukemia
Lymphoid leukemia
Myeloid leukemia
Acute monocytic leukemia
T-cell leukemia