<unk>  or nephroblastoma is a tumor of the kidneys that typically occurs in children, rarely in adults. It was first described by Dr. Osler in 1814. The tumour typically arises from mesodermal precursors of the renal parenchyma (metanephros). On microscopic histopathological analysis, tubules, solid sheets of small round cells, and stroma are characteristic findings of<unk> . It may be caused by either genetic mutations or chromosomal alterations. The risk factors of<unk>  include family history, congenital anomalies, and associated syndromes. The complications of<unk>  include metastasis, high blood pressure, and kidney damage. Prognosis is generally good. The 5-year survival rate for<unk>  in children is around 90%, whereas older patients suffer worse outcome. The common symptoms include swelling, abdominal pain, fever, hypertension, and hypercalcemia. On abdominal examination a painless mass may be palpated in the flank. CT scan, MRI, Ultrasound, PET, and biopsy may be helpful in the diagnosis. The predominant therapy for<unk>  is surgical resection. Adjunctive chemotherapy and radiation may be required.
Wilms' tumor
Ameloblastoma
Neuroblastoma
Brown tumor
Medulloblastoma
Warthin's tumor
Arnold–Chiari malformation
Glioma