Urine is normally sterile.<unk>  is a condition in which a significant number of bacteria appear in the urine, without the presence of typical symptoms of a urinary tract infection. Presence of >10 leukocytes/mm³ is considered as pyuria but not<unk>  unless the number exceeds  ≥105 colony forming units(cfu)/mL. There are two main pathogenesis that might be responsible for<unk>  which include microbial virulence and host factors. Escherichia coli is the single most common cause of<unk> .<unk>  is more common in elderly and its prevalence increase with age.<unk>  has been slightly more common in black population.<unk>  has risk factors similar to<unk>  such as pregnancy, aging, diabetes mellitus, sexual intercourse, using diaphragm plus spermicide, BPH, renal stones, or patients with spinal cord injuries, hemodialysis, indwelling urethral catheters, genitourinary abnormalities. Screening for<unk>  subjects is considered if<unk>  is associated with preventable adverse outcomes such as<unk>  urinary infection, progression to chronic kidney disease or hypertension, development of urinary tract cancer, and decreased duration of survival. If left untreated<unk>  normally cures on its own and active treatment is not required except in those who are pregnant, require renal transplantation or are supposed to undergo a urinary tract procedure. In patients who acquire<unk>  early in their pregnancy, there is a minute chance of issues related to pregnancy like low birth weight etc or pyelonephritis. Most cases resolve postpartum. The diagnosis of<unk>  in an<unk>  individual is based on the culture results of urine collected in a manner that minimizes the possibility of contamination and limits the period between sampling and testing the specimen to avoid false positivity due to bacterial growth. Treatment is not required in otherwise healthy individuals unless it is associated with a urinary tract infection. Conditions that might require the<unk>  to be treated are pregnancy, before transurethral prostatic resection, and renal transplant follow-up.
Asymptomatic bacteriuria
Obstructive uropathy
Urinary tract infection  
Urinary tract infection
Hemorrhagic cystitis
Interstitial cystitis
Pyelonephritis
Vesicoureteral reflux