Cardiac magnetic resonance(CMR) is a gold standard for assessment of morphology of the pulmonary valve, for quantification of the severity of the regurgitation and the RV systolic function. CMR is useful in quantification of the regurgitant volume and the regurgitant fraction of PR by using sequences called “velocity- encoded phase-contrast images”. CMR is useful for evaluating pulmonary regurgitant fraction, RV end-diastolic and end-systolic volume and RV ejection fraction. CMR is the diagnostic modality preferred to determine the requirement of re-intervention among patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot and to assess the ventricular function and dimensions.
Pulmonic regurgitation cardiac MRI
Pulmonic regurgitation electrocardiogram
Tricuspid stenosis cardiac MRI
Bicuspid aortic stenosis electrocardiogram
Tricuspid stenosis electrocardiogram
Tricuspid regurgitation cardiac MRI
Mitral stenosis electrocardiogram
Aortic regurgitation electrocardiogram