<unk>  fever is an<unk> s disease caused by<unk>  virus (ZIKV), an enveloped, single-stranded, positive-sense RNA flavivirus.<unk>  virus is a vector-borne pathogen usually transmitted via the Aedes mosquito that also transmits the dengue and chikungunya viruses. Human-to-human transmission by blood transfusions, sexual intercourse, or vertical transmission has also been reported. Once rare, the incidence of<unk>  rose dramatically during the 2014-2016 outbreak that started in Brazil.<unk>  has a clinical presentation similar to Dengue fever, yellow fever, West Nile virus, and Japanese encephalitis, but it is distinct in its milder clinical manifestations and short length of<unk> . Only one-fifth of patients exposed to<unk>  virus will develop clinical manifestations, typically 3 to 12 days after contracting the disease. Symptoms will typically begin with a mild headache and fever, then progress to include maculopapular rash spread across the body within 24 hours, followed by conjunctivitis, malaise, and back pain. Symptoms typically last 4 to 7 days. The prognosis is usually excellent, with the majority of patients recovering fully. Complications may include neurological sequelae, particularly Guillain-Barré syndrome. It is also thought that<unk>  is teratogenic and may be associated with microcephaly in newborns of infected mothers; this association is strongly suspected but has not yet been confirmed. A diagnosis of<unk>  is usually made by either RT-PCR or ELISA. Treatment is usually supportive, and antiviral therapy is generally not recommended. There are no vaccines available to prevent<unk> . Since the virus is usually transmitted through mosquitoes, effective measures to avoid mosquito bites include using insect repellent, installing mosquito bed nets and window/door screens, wearing long sleeves and long pants, and removing potential breeding sites from indoor/outdoor premises. It is also recommended that men practice sexual abstinence and/or wear condoms when<unk>  virus infected is suspected to prevent sexual transmission. Once infected, individuals may be re-infected in the future.
Zika virus infection
Bourbon virus infection
Tick borne encephalitis
Nipah virus encephalitis
Tick-borne encephalitis
St. Louis encephalitis
Pel-Ebstein fever
Poliomyelitis