<unk>  is a medical condition in which inflammation and injury of the large intestine result from inadequate blood supply.<unk>  may be classified on the degree of the histopathological damage in the colonic wall: reversible colopathy (submucosal or intramural bleeding), transient colitis, chronic segmental<unk> , gangrenous colitis, and universal fulminant colitis. Also, based on its clinical course into two types: acute<unk>  or chronic<unk> .<unk>  is the result of a sudden, temporary, reduction in blood flow that is insufficient to meet the metabolic demands of the region of colon.<unk>  change will subsequently extend from the mucosa to the serosa. Mucosalinjury will develop in 20 minutes to 1 hour, and transmural infarction occurs within 8 to 16 hours. Reperfusion injury can occur with the release of reactive oxygen species, which cause lipid peroxidation within cell membranes, causing cell necrosis.<unk>  is characterized by abdominal pain which is out of proportion to physical findings. There is a sudden onset of crampy abdominal pain, diarrhea, and an urge to defecate. The pain is mild, located over the affected bowel, and usually to the left side of the lower abdomen. Mild rectal bleeding can be noticed within 24 hours. The blood may be bright red or maroon mixed with the stools. X-rays are mainly used to check for organ perforation and pneumoperitoneum in<unk> . Other noticable signs on x-ray include colonic thumbprinting from mural thickening, pneumatosis coli, a sign of advanced disease, and dilation or air-fluid levels.<unk>  is usually treated with supportive care. Treatment is determined by its severity and include intravenous fluids, bowel rest, nasogastric tube, and total parenteral nutrition.
Ischemic colitis
Pseudomembranous colitis
Chemical colitis
Allergic colitis
Drug-induced colitis
Ulcerative colitis
Microscopic colitis
Diverticulitis