The ‘v’ wave is seen when the tricuspid valve is closed, just before ventricular contraction – with and just after the carotid pulse. The ‘v’ wave represents the gradual build-up of blood in the atria while the AV valves are closed during ventricular contraction.
See the main page on JVP waveforms for more details.
V wave
A wave
P wave
QRS complex
T wave
ST interval
The U Wave
U wave alternans