<unk>  is a common infectious disease that affects approximately 10-20 million<unk> s each year. It is defined as the passage of ≥3 unformed stools per day plus ≥1 associated enteric symptoms, such as abdominal pain or cramps, occurring in a<unk>  after arrival, usually in a resource-limited destination.<unk>  may be classified according to the agent responsible the disease into either bacterial (most common), viral, or protozoal<unk> . The most common cause of<unk>  is enterotoxigenic E. coli, responsible for approximately 70% to 80% of cases in adults. The most potent risk factor in the development of<unk>  is history of recent travel to a developing country in the past month (required for the diagnosis of<unk> . Other risk factors include immunocompromised status, pregnancy, recent ingestion of uncooked or poorly handled vegetables, meat, poultry, raw milk, drinking from untreated water, exposure to infected individuals, daycare, and healthcare settings, concomitant administration of H2-receptor antagonists, and recent sexual history of receptive anal or oral-anal contact. In the general population,<unk>  is usually self-limited with an excellent prognosis. Common symptoms include diarrhea (either watery or bloody), nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and bloating with or without fever. In bacterial and viral<unk> , symptoms typically last a few hours to several days. In protozoal<unk> , however, symptoms may persist for several weeks or months.<unk>  is a clinical diagnosis, and additional laboratory testing is usually not required in acute, non-complicated cases. The mainstay of therapy for<unk>  is rehydration and antimicrobial therapy. Since the majority of cases of<unk>  are caused by bacterial pathogens, empiric antibiotic monotherapy using either fluoroquinolone or azithromycin is usually recommended in both adult and pediatric patients diagnosed with<unk> . At this time, prophylactic antibiotics should not be recommended for most<unk> s. Prophylactic antibiotics using fluoroquinolones for 1 to 3 days may be effective in the prevention of some cases of<unk>  (e.g. for short-term<unk> s who are high-risk hosts (such as those who are immunosuppressed) or who are taking critical trips (such as engaging in a sporting event) during which even a short bout of diarrhea could affect the trip).
Traveler's diarrhea
Dysentery
Cholera
Cyclosporiasis
Tricho-hepato-enteric syndrome
Brainerd diarrhea
Enterobiasis
Hemorrhagic gastroenteritis