<unk>  failure is a complex syndrome whereby there is inadequate output of the<unk>  to meet the metabolic demands of the body.<unk>  failure is caused by abnormal function of different anatomic parts of the<unk>   including the pericardium, the myocardium, the endocardium, the<unk>  valves and the great vessels.<unk>  failure is characterized by decreased cardiac output but not necessarily decreased ejection fraction. Symptoms of<unk>  failure are due to a lack of both forward blood flow to the body, and backward flow into the lungs. The body tries to compensate for the low cardiac output by mechanisms that increase the preload and afterload. These mechanisms lead to exacerbation of the cardiac malfunction and symptoms associated with<unk>  failure.
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