Laboratory confirmation is essential for all sporadic<unk>  cases and all outbreaks. Detection of<unk> -specific IgM antibody and<unk>  RNA by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT–PCR) are the most common methods for confirming<unk>  infection. Healthcare providers should obtain both a serum sample and a throat swab (or nasopharyngeal swab) from patients suspected to have<unk>  at first contact with them. Urine samples may also contain virus, and when feasible to do so, collecting both respiratory and urine samples can increase the likelihood of detecting<unk>  virus.
Measles laboratory findings
Mumps laboratory findings
Trench fever laboratory findings
Scrub typhus laboratory findings
Measles risk factors
Diphtheria laboratory findings
Rift valley fever imaging findings
Typhoid fever laboratory findings