<unk>  is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways that is characterized by reversible airflow obstruction and airway inflammation, persistent airway hyperreactivity, and airway remodeling. The two major factors responsible for the pathogenesis of<unk>  include bronchial hyper-responsiveness and inflammatory reaction within the bronchial wall. The airways of<unk> tics are hypersensitive to certain triggers such as smoke, dust, or pollen. The term trigger is synonymous with stimuli. Exposure to these triggers causes repeated inflammation of the airways resulting in bronchospasm. Bronchospasm can lead to narrowing of airways and excess mucus production, making it difficult to breathe. Airway inflammation is a chronic inflammation driven by TH2 lymphocyte-predominant immune response. This immune response has been associated with atopy and IgE-synthesis through the production of IL-4 and eosinophilic inflammation by means of IL-5.
Asthma pathophysiology
Chronic bronchitis pathophysiology
Occupational lung disease pathophysiology
Bronchiolitis pathophysiology
Acute bronchitis pathophysiology
Bronchitis pathophysiology
Pneumoconiosis pathophysiology
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis pathophysiology