<unk>  is a disease of excessive growth hormone secretion. The pituitary adenoma is the most common cause of<unk> . Other causes of<unk>  include GHRH secreting tumors as hypothalamic tumors, small cell lung cancer, adrenal adenoma, and pheochromocytoma. Ectopic tumors as lymphoma and pancreatic islet cell tumor can cause<unk>  by secretion of GH. Pathogenesis of<unk>  depends on the hypersecretion of the growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). The  IGF-1 causes the rapid increase in the hand and feet size, forehead protrusion, and jaw prominence.  A genetic mutation in the alpha subunit of the guanine nucleotide stimulatory protein leads to increase synthesis of cAMP which increases the secretion of growth hormone. The prevalence of<unk>  is estimated to be 2.8 - 13.7 per 100.000 individuals worldwide. In the United States, the incidence of<unk>  is 0.11 per 100,000 individuals.<unk>  affects men and women equally. Common risk factors in the development of<unk>  are the risk factors for pituitary adenoma development. These risk factors include a family history of pituitary adenoma, McCune Albright syndrome, lung cancers and adrenal tumors. If left untreated, 30% of patients with<unk>  may progress to develop cardiovascular manifestations, pulmonary dysfunction, and cerebral complications. Common complications of<unk>  include hypertension, arrhythmia, heart failure, sleep apnea, dyspnea, carpal tunnel syndrome, and spinal cord compression. Common symptoms of<unk>  include enlarged hands and feet, headache, increase sweating, sexual dysfunction, skin thickening, deepening of the voice and, an enlarged tongue. An elevated concentration of serum growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF-1) levels is diagnostic of<unk> . Endonasal transsphenoidal surgery is the mainstay of treatment for<unk>  due to pituitary adenoma. Patients with<unk>  are treated with somatostatin analogs like octreotide, dopamine agonists like bromocriptine, and GH receptor antagonist like pegvisomant. Radiation therapy is indicated in patients who do not respond to surgery or the medical therapy.
Acromegaly
Thyromegaly
Hyperaldosteronism
Pheochromocytoma
Hypoaldosteronism
Hyerthyroidism
Insulinoma
Thyroid adenoma