<unk>  is the study of physical and chemical phenomena that occur at the interface of two phases, including solid-liquid interfaces, solid-gas interfaces, solid-vacuum interfaces, and liquid-gas interfaces.   It includes the fields of<unk>  chemistry and<unk>  physics..  Some related practical applications are classed as<unk>  engineering. The<unk>  encompasses concepts such as heterogeneous catalysis, semiconductor device fabrication, fuel cells, self-assembled monolayers and adhesives.<unk>  is closely related with Interface and Colloid<unk> . Interfacial chemistry and physics are common subjects for both. Methods are different. In addition, Interface and Colloid<unk>  studies macroscopic phenomena that occur in heterogeneous systems due to peculiarities of interfaces.
Surface science
Organic chemistry
Cognitive science
Biotechnology
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Food chemistry
Flora
Forensic science