<unk>  is an ocular inflammation resulting from the introduction of an infectious agent into the<unk> erior segment of the eye following ocular surgeries.
Nearly every type of ocular surgery may be able to disturb the eye globe integrity and contaminate the aqueous humor and/or vitreous. Cataract surgery accounts for approximately 90% of all cases of<unk> .
Based on the latency of onset,<unk>  may be classified into acute and delayed.
*Acute<unk>  occurs within 1 week<unk><unk> ly in 75% of cases and is usually caused by coagulase-negative staphylococci.
*Delayed<unk>  occurs weeks to years following surgery and is usually caused by Propionibacterium acnes. It presents as a low-grade inflammation in the anterior chamber.
*Post-intravitreal injection endophthalmitis is another<unk> -procedural subtype. It commonly occurs following intravitreal injection of either triamcinolone acetone or anti-vascular endothelial growth factors (anti VEGF). Intravitreal injections are generally safe; however, endophthalmitis is a rare, visually devastating complication.<unk> -cataract endophthalmitis must be differentiated from Toxic anterior segment syndrome (TASS), uveitis, retained lens material, and dehemoglobinized vitreous hemorrhage.
The visual outcome of<unk>  is highly correlated with the bacteriology.
Early diagnosis and treatment with antimicrobial therapy are fundamental to optimize visual outcome.
Endophthalmitis is a clinical diagnosis supported by culture of intra-ocular fluids.
Laboratory studies consistent with the diagnosis of<unk> -cataract endophthalmitis include culture, gram stain, or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of aqueous humor as well as the vitreous humor.
The patient needs urgent examination by an expert ophthalmologist to provide intravitreal injection of potent antibiotics and possible urgent pars plana vitrectomy as needed.
Post-operative endophthalmitis
Post-cataract surgery endophthalmitis
Post-traumatic endophthalmitis
Endogenous endophthalmitis
Bleb-related endophthalmitis
Bacterial endophthalmitis
Endophthalmitis
Recurrent corneal erosion