<unk> , also known as<unk> , is the most common adult primary intracranial neoplasm worldwide.<unk>  may be classified into several subtypes based on the origin and molecular alterations. On gross pathology, the characteristic findings of<unk>  include a poorly-marginated, diffusely infiltrating, firm or gelatinous mass with a central necrotic core. On microscopic histopathological analysis, the characteristic findings of<unk>  include pleomorphic astrocytes with marked atypia, mitosis, necrosis, and microvascular proliferation. The incidence of<unk>  is estimated to be 3.2 cases per 100,000 individuals worldwide.<unk>  is a common disease that tends to affect older adults and the elderly population. The median age at diagnosis is 64 years. Males are more commonly affected with<unk>  than females. Common risk factors in the development of<unk>  are radiation exposure, viruses, polyvinyl chloride, alcohol, and genetic disorders. Common complications of<unk>  include herniation, systemic illness, brainstem invasion by tumor, neutron-induced cerebral injury, weakness, fatigue, numbness, surgical complications, and coma. Prognosis is generally poor, and the 5-year survival rate of patients with<unk>  is less than 10%. Symptoms of<unk>  include headache, seizure, memory loss, irritability, changes in speech, difficulty reading or concentrating, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, muscle weakness, sensory loss, diplopia, blurred vision, vertigo, hearing loss, and hiccups. Common physical examination findings of<unk>  include personality changes, memory loss, aphasia, hemiparesis, sensory loss, and ataxia. Head CT scan and brain MRI are helpful in the diagnosis of<unk> . On head CT scan,<unk>  is characterized by a butterfly shaped mass with marked midline shift, irregular and heterogenous enhancement of margins, necrotic center, surrounding vasogenic edema, and hemorrhage. On brain MRI,<unk>  is characterized by hypointense mass on T1-weighted MRI and hyperintense mass on T2-weighted MRI. The predominant therapy for<unk>  is surgical resection. Adjunctive chemotherapy and radiation may be required. Supportive therapy for<unk>  includes anticonvulsants and corticosteroids.
Glioblastoma multiforme
Glioma
Astrocytoma
Ameloblastoma
Mixed gliomas
Medulloblastoma
Meningioma
High grade astrocytoma