The pathophysiology of primary<unk>  cholangitis is not fully understood, although it is thought to be the result of a combination of genetic as well as environmental factors. The risk of primary<unk>  cholangitis among siblings is estimated to be 9-39 times higher than the general population. The HLA locus on chromosome 6p21 and genes of the IL-2 pathway are associated with increased susceptibility to the development of primary<unk>  cholangitis. Environmental factors associated with increased risk of primary<unk>  cholangitis include exposure to farm animals during childhood and other dietary habits, such as less consumption of coffee and fish than controls. Smoking seems to be a protective factor against the development of primary<unk>  cholangitis.
Primary sclerosing cholangitis pathophysiology
Primary biliary cirrhosis pathophysiology
Alcoholic hepatitis pathophysiology
Autoimmune hepatitis pathophysiology
Ascending cholangitis pathophysiology
Peliosis hepatis pathophysiology
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease pathophysiology
Sialolithiasis pathophysiology