The word "hematology," which appears to have been first used in this country in 1811, is older than might be expected, for in 1743, Thomas Schwencke (1694-1768) wrote Hamatologia, sive Sanguinis Historia, Experimentis passim superstructa etc. Hagae Comitum. Hematology, like bacteriology, has developed as the result of laboratory methods and the applications of physics and chemistry.<unk>  are the<unk>  which has MCV>100fL.<unk>  may be classified into 2 subtypes/groups: Megaloblastic<unk>  and non megaloblastic<unk> . Folate is important in the production of various building blocks necessary for the production of biologic macromolecules. By combining with carbon moieties, tetrahydrofolate (THF) becomes methelenetetrahydofolate. This molecule is then able to donate carbon moieties to form purines, dTMP, and methionine. Of note, Vitamin B12 is also a cofactor in the production of methionine. THF is the resulting molecule after donation of carbon moieties except in the synthesis of dTMP from dUMP. DHF (dihydrofolate) results from this reaction. DHF reductase must act on DHF to participate in reactions again. In 60% of<unk>  patients, megaloblastic<unk>  affects 2-4% of population. Patients of all age groups may develop megaloblastic<unk> . The incidence of megaloblastic<unk>  increases with age. Megaloblastic<unk>  commonly affects older age group. Males are more commonly affected by megaloblastic<unk>  than females. In deficiencies of vitamin b12 and folate causing megaloblastic<unk> , supplementation are made with Cyanocobalamine and Folic Acid respectively based on the severity and the cause. LDH falls in 2 days. Hypokalemia requiring replacement can occur in the acute phase as new cells are being generated rapidly. A reticulocytosis begins in 3-5 days and peaks in 10 days. The Hematocrit will rise within 10days. If it does not, suspect another disorder. Hypersegmented polymorphonuclear cells disappear in 10-14 days.
Macrocytic anemia
Plasmacytosis
Neutrophilia
Microcytic anemia
Hepatosplenomegaly
Leukocyturia
Lymphocytosis
Hypochromic anemia