<unk>  also sometimes referred to as rational<unk>  is the inventive] process of finding new medications based on the knowledge of the biological target. The drug is most commonly a organic small molecule which activates or inhibits the function of a biomolecule such as a protein which in turn results in a therapeutic benefit to the patient. In the most basic sense,<unk>  involves<unk>  of small molecules that are complementary in shape and charge to the biomolecular target to which they interact and therefore will bind to it.<unk>  frequently but not necessarily relies on computer modeling techniques.  This type of modeling often referred to as computer-aided<unk> .
The phrase '"drug<unk> " is to some extent a misnomer. What is really meant by<unk>  is ligand<unk> .  Modeling techniques for prediction of binding affinity are reasonably successful.  However there are many other properties such as bioavailability,  metabolic half life, lack of side effects, etc. that first must be optimized before a ligand can becomes a safe and efficacious drug.  These other characteristics are often difficult to optimize using rational<unk>  techniques.
Drug design
Clinical engineering
Drug discovery
Mobile health
Semiconductor device fabrication
Health promotion
Medical education
Dosing