The mainstay of treatment for most patients with toxic adenoma includes radioiodine and anti thyroid drugs. In patients with overt thyrotoxicosis, beta blocker will alleviate the signs and symptoms mediated by the increased beta-adrenergic activity. Alternative treatment modalities include percutaneous ethanol injection, thermoablation, or radiofrequency ablation. Antithyroid drugs are not routinely employed in the management of toxic adenoma.
Toxic Adenoma medical therapy
Toxic Adenoma surgery
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Esophagitis medical therapy
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma medical therapy
Laryngeal cancer medical therapy
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma surgery
Esophageal cancer medical therapy