<unk>  is defined as  inflammation of the myocardium.  It may present with chest pain, ST segment elevation, elevated biomarkers of myonecrosis, heart failure, and/ or sudden death.<unk>  can be classified clinicopathologically into fulminant<unk> , acute<unk> , chronic active<unk> , and chronic persistent<unk> . During either an infection or a hypersensitivity reaction, the inflammatory response may cause myonecrosis either directly or indirectly as part of an autoimmune reaction. Life-threatening causes of<unk>  include carbon monoxide poisoning and Dengue fever.  Common causes of<unk>  include infections, Lyme disease, and medications.   Idiopathic<unk>  is the most common  type of<unk>  and is often suspected to be secondary to a viral infection.<unk>  must be distinguished from pericarditis and the life threatening condition of ST elevation myocardial infarction. In young adults, up to 20% of all cases of sudden death are due to<unk> .<unk>  is slightly more frequent among males than females.<unk>  is usually self limiting and is associated with a good prognosis especially if it is secondary to a viral infection. Patients rarely develop cardiac failure, pulmonary edema, arrhythmias, or cardiogenic shock. In some instances,<unk>  may be associated with sudden death.  Patients with fulminant<unk>  have a good long term prognosis if they survive the acute phase of the disease. The prognosis of fulminant<unk>  is better than that of either acute<unk>  or giant cell<unk> . The presence of left bundle branch block, q waves, AV block, syncope and a left ventricular ejection fraction < 40% are associated with sudden death and cardiac transplantation. The physical examination in patients with<unk>  may reveal tachycardia, a cardiac gallop, mitral regurgitation due to left ventricular dilation, and pedal edema suggestive of cardiac failure. A pericardial friction rub may be noted in presence of concomitant pericarditis, a condition sometimes referred to as myopericarditis.
Myocarditis
Endocarditis
Myopericarditis
Constrictive pericarditis
Pericarditis
Cholesterol pericarditis
Uremic pericarditis
Infective endocarditis