<unk>  (AHL, or<unk> , also known as<unk>  necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE),<unk><unk>  encephalomyelitis (AHEM),<unk>  necrotizing<unk><unk>  (ANHLE), Weston-Hurst syndrome, or Hurst's disease, is a hyperacute and frequently fatal form of ADEM. AHL is relatively rare (less than 100 cases have been reported in the medical literature as of 2006), it is seen in about 2% of ADEM cases, and is characterized by necrotizing vasculitis of venules and hemorrhage, and edema. Death is common in the first week and overall mortality is about 70%, but increasing evidence points to favorable outcomes after aggressive treatment with corticosteroids, immunoglobulins, cyclophosphamide, and plasma exchange. About 70% of survivors show residual neurological deficits, but some survivors have shown surprisingly little deficit considering the magnitude of the white matter affected.
This disease has been occasionally associated with ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, septicemia associated with immune complex deposition, methanol poisoning, and other underlying conditions.
Acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis
Neoplastic meningitis
Fungal meningitis
Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis
Limbic encephalitis
Tuberculous meningitis
Varicella zoster encephalitis
Viral meningitis