<unk>  apoplexy is an acute clinical syndrome caused by hemorrhage and necrosis in the<unk>  gland. Most commonly,<unk>  apoplexy is associated with<unk>  adenoma.<unk>  adenoma predisposes the patient to an increased risk of bleeding within the<unk>  gland.<unk>  adenoma has fenestrated endothelium surrounded by a variable number of smooth muscle cells which are not found in the normal<unk>  gland, leading to increased susceptibility to<unk>  apoplexy in these tumors.<unk>  apoplexy can result from a mutation in AIP gene which is a tumor suppressor gene located on chromosome 11q13.2. On gross pathology,<unk>  apoplexy presents with hemorrhage with or without necrosis. Electron microscopy shows evidence of abnormal fenestration of tumor vessels<unk>  adenoma) with fragmented basal membranes that may predispose the patient to hemorrhage.
Pituitary apoplexy pathophysiology
Pituitary apoplexy risk factors
Pituitary apoplexy epidemiology and demographics
Pituitary apoplexy laboratory findings
Pituitary apoplexy causes
Pituitary adenoma pathophysiology
Pituitary apoplexy differential diagnosis
Pheochromocytoma risk factors