The<unk> <unk>  is a condition commonly found in individuals hospitalized for central nervous system (CNS) injury.<unk>  is a<unk>  characterized by excessive release of<unk><unk>  (ADH or vasopressin) from the posterior pituitary gland or any other source, resulting in hyponatremia, and sometimes fluid overload.<unk>  production<unk>  leads to excessive water retention and thus a decrease in sodium concentration.<unk>  may be occur as a result of central nervous system diseases, cancers, pulmonary diseases, and some drugs. Signs and symptoms of<unk>  vary widely. Some patients with<unk>  may become severely ill while others may have no symptoms at all. Common symptoms include nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, fatigue, weakness, and altered consciousness. Blood tests of hyponatremia (sodium <135 mEq/L) and low serum osmolality (< 280 mOsm/kg) may prompt the diagnosis of<unk> . Treatment of<unk>  depends on the cause. Restriction of water intake and supplementation of sodium may lead to improvement. Prognosis of<unk>  varies depending on the cause.
Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone
Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
Psychogenic polydipsia
Cerebral salt-wasting syndrome
Diabetic ketoacidosis
Dexamethasone sensitive hypertension
Dehydration
Familial hyperreninemic hypoaldosteronism type 2