<unk>   is any action, surgical, chemical, or otherwise, by which a male loses the functions of the testes or a female loses the functions of the ovaries.  In common usage the term is usually applied to males, although as a medical term it is applied to both males and females.  For more information about female<unk> , see oophorectomy.
Castration
Dexamethasone implant
Prolotherapy
Vasectomy
Vaginoplasty
Hymenorrhaphy
Tubal ligation
Episiotomy