Angiography may be helpful in the diagnosis of hepatopulmonary syndrome. Non-invasive studies are preferred in diagnosis and management of patients with hepatopulmonary syndrome. Pulmonary angiography is indicated in known cases of HPS if sever hypoxia (partial pressure of oxygen is < 60 mmHg) is present, if the patient is a poor responsive to 100% oxygen, and if there is a strong suspicion of direct arterio-venous communications that would be amenable to embolization, based on chest CT scan<unk> . Rather than direct visualization of the pulmonary dilations (IPVSs), it can also demonstrate type of micro dilation in pulmonary vasculture.
Technetium 99m-labeled macroaggregated albumin scanning also may be helpful in the diagnosis of hepatopulmonary syndrome. labeled albumin macroaggregates (>20 microns in diameter) are injecting intravenously. Macroaggregates exceed the normal pulmonary capillary diameter and should be trapped normally. Scans that identify uptake of the radionucleotide by the brain suggest that the macroaggregates passed through either an intrapulmonary or intracardiac shunt. A calculated shunt fraction of above 6% is abnormal. Nevertheless, it can not distinguish between intracardiac and intrapulmonary shunting and has a lower sensitivity compared to contrast-enhanced echocardiography.
Hepatopulmonary syndrome other imaging findings
Cirrhosis other imaging findings
Hepatic encephalopathy other imaging findings
Budd-Chiari syndrome other imaging findings
Pyogenic liver abscess other imaging findings
Hepatopulmonary syndrome other diagnostic studies
Alcoholic liver disease other imaging findings
Hepatic hemangioma other imaging findings