The goal of<unk>  is removing toxins and aim to maintain euvolemia. Ninety three percent of ESRD patients in the United States and 89% worldwide, are under<unk> . Solute diffusion across a membrane is the basic principle for<unk> . Metabolic waste products move across a semipermeable membrane depending on their concentration gradient between plasma and dialysate. Concentration gradient, membrane surface area, the membrane thickness, and size of solute molecule are important factors determining rate of diffusion. Small molecules clear more efficiently than larger molecules. Fluid removal is another advantage of<unk>  that could be achieved by ultrafiltration. In-center<unk>  and home<unk>  are available for ESRD patients requiring renal replacement therapy; the choice of modality is based on patient condition, patient preference, and the availability of equipments.
Hemodialysis
Iridodialysis
Peritoneal dialysis
Dialysis
Hemofiltration
Liver dialysis
Artificial extracorporeal liver support
Glucose-insulin-potassium infusion