A<unk>  (or<unk> , not to be confused with the heart's natural<unk>  is an electronic device which is used to treat cardiac arrhythmias. The device placed in the chest or abdomen uses electrical impulses, delivered by electrodes contacting the heart muscles to regulate the beating of the heart.  The primary purpose of a<unk>  is to maintain an adequate heart rate, either because the heart's native<unk>  is not fast enough, or there is a block in the heart's electrical conduction system. Modern<unk> s are externally programmable and allow the cardiologist to select the optimum pacing modes for individual patients. Some combine a<unk>  and implantable defibrillator in a single implantable device. Others have multiple electrodes stimulating differing positions within the heart to improve synchronization of the  lower chambers of the heart.
Artificial pacemaker
Tachycardia surgery
Anti-stuttering devices
Ventricular assist device
Artificial heart valve
Artificial heart
Pacemaker syndrome surgery
Cardiac resynchronization therapy procedure