In the solid state physics of semiconductors,<unk>  are processes by which mobile electrons and electron holes are created and eliminated.<unk>  processes are fundamental to the operation of many optoelectronic semiconductor devices, such as photodiodes, LEDs and laser diodes. They are also critical to a full analysis of p-n junction devices such as bipolar junction transistors and p-n junction diodes.
The electron–hole pair is the fundamental unit of<unk>  and<unk> , corresponding to an electron transitioning between the valence band and the conduction band.
Carrier generation and recombination
Self-replication
Evolution of flagella
Dimroth rearrangement
Founder effect
Mitotic crossover
Fertilization
Gene expression