Heart<unk>  has been divided into three subgroups including heart<unk>  reduced ejection fraction, heart<unk>  mildly reduced<unk> , heart<unk><unk> <unk> . HFrEF is defined when LVEF≤ 40% and significant LV systolic dysfunction. Patients with a LVEF between 41% and 49% have mildly reduced LV systolic function or HFmrEF. Patients with ejection fractions between 40-50%  may benefit from similar therapies to those with LVEF≤ 40%. HFpEF is explained in the presence of  symptoms and signs of HF, and evidence of structural and/or functional cardiac abnormalities and/or raised natriuretic peptides (NPs), and LVEF≥ 50%. Patients with non-cardiovascular disease including anaemia, pulmonary, renal, thyroid, or hepatic disease may mimic symptoms and signs of HF, but in the absence of cardiac dysfunction, they are not diagnosed for HF. Neverthless, these disorders can coexist with HF and exacerbate the HF syndrome.
Congestive heart failure with preserved EF pharmacotherapy
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Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy medical therapy
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Congestive heart failure Treatment of Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy medical treatment