<unk>  is the cognitive process of deriving meaning from written or printed text.
It is a means of language acquisition, of communication, and of sharing information and ideas. Effective readers use decoding skills (to translate printed text into the sounds of language), use morpheme, semantics, syntax and context cues to identify the meaning of unknown words, activate prior knowledge (schemata theory), use comprehension, and demonstrate fluency during<unk> .
Other types of<unk>  may not be text-based, such as music notation or pictograms. By analogy, in computer science,<unk>  is acquiring of data from some sort of computer storage.
Although<unk>  print text is now an important way for the general population to access information, this has not always been the case. With some exceptions, only a small percentage of the population in many countries were considered literate before the Industrial Revolution.
Reading
Splitting 
Formication
Staining
Canning
Extraction 
Induction 
Exaptation