<unk>  <unk>  (formerly called non insulin-dependent<unk>  (NIDDM), obesity related<unk> , or adult-onset<unk>  is a metabolic disorder that is primarily characterized by insulin resistance, relative insulin deficiency, and hyperglycemia. The defective responsiveness of body tissues to insulin almost certainly involves the insulin receptor in cell membranes. In the early stage the predominant abnormality is reduced insulin sensitivity, characterized by elevated levels of insulin in the blood. At this stage hyperglycemia can be managed by engaging in exercise, modifying one's diet and medications that improve insulin sensitivity or reduce glucose production by the liver. As the disease progresses the impairment of insulin secretion worsens, and therapeutic replacement of insulin often becomes necessary. It is rapidly increasing in the developed world, and there is some evidence that this pattern will be followed in much of the rest of the world in coming years. The CDC has characterized the increase as an epidemic.
Diabetes mellitus type 2
Diabetes mellitus type 1
Prediabetes
Chronic hypertension
Hypertension in adolescents
Metabolic syndrome
Maturity onset diabetes of the young
Hemochromatosis