<unk>  may be classified according to histology findings into various subtypes and are as follows Adenocarcinoma, Papillary adenocarcinoma, Mucinous adenocarcinoma, Signet ring cell carcinoma, Adenosquamous carcinoma, Squamous cell carcinoma, Neuroendocrine carcinoma, Small cell carcinoma, undifferentiated carcinoma, spindle cell undifferentiated carcinoma, giant cell undifferentiated carcinoma.It is understood that<unk>  is the result of persistent irritation of the<unk>  mucosa over a period of years which predispose to malignant transformation or act as an enhancer for carcinogenic exposure.The primary mechanism involves cholelithiasis and resultant cholecystitis and appears to be the driving force in most areas of the arena.Chronically inflamed<unk>  may additionally express both pyloric gland and intestinal metaplasia.But, fluke-infested<unk> s more commonly shows intestinal metaplasia and p53 mutations than sporadic<unk> s.Dysplastic lesions have molecular genetic proof that supports progression towards CIS.There are also histologic and molecular differences in<unk> s related to anomalous pancreaticobiliary duct junction and in the ones related to gallstones, Providing further proof that two different pathogenetic pathways are involved.Less than 3% of early<unk>  carcinomas have adenomatous remnants, indicating this mechanism has less importance within the carcinogenic pathway.Around 80 t0 95% of biliary tract cancers are<unk> s.Epidemiological research has recognized striking geographic and ethnic difference. An excessive incidence in American Indians and Southeast Asia, but pretty low in the America and the arena.Gallstones, Porcelain<unk> ,<unk>  polyps, Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) , chronic infection, congenital biliary cysts, pancreaticobiliary maljunction (PBM).There is no screening recommended for<unk> . According to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines,<unk>  may be diagnosed as an incidental finding in patients who undergo laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Gallbladder cancer must be differentiated from hepatitis, gallstones, cholecystitis, peptic ulcer, pancreatic cancer and pancreatitis.Depending on the extent of the tumor at the time of diagnosis, the prognosis may vary. However, the prognosis is generally regarded as poor.Most tumors are adenocarcinomas, with a small percent being squamous cell carcinomas. The cancer commonly spreads to the liver, pancreas, stomach and duodenum. The survival rate depends on the extent of cancer at the time of diagnosis with<unk>  and early detection is key for good prognosis.According to the AJCC, there are 4 stages of<unk>  based on the tumor spread.Symptoms of<unk>  include jaundice, pain, fever, burping and weight loss.Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of<unk>  include abnormal liver function tests and elevated CA 19-9 and CEA levels.On abdominal CT scan,<unk>  appears as large heterogeneous mass with areas of necrosis.Palliative therapy in<unk> involves percutaneous transhepatic radiologic catheter bypass or endoscopically placed stents, standard external-beam radiation therapy, palliative surgery or standard chemotherapy.Research suggests that lifestyle factors such as changes in diet, exercise, and maintenance of weight can influence the likelihood of an individual developing<unk> .Research suggests that lifestyle factors such as changes in diet, exercise, and maintenance of weight can influence the likelihood of an individual developing<unk>
Gallbladder cancer
Hepatolithiasis
Pancreatic cancer
Gallstone disease
Liver abscess
Fatty liver
Liver tumor
Pyogenic liver abscess