Abrupt onset of inflammation in the episclera
70% of cases occurs in women (usually young/middle-aged)
Usually a benign, self-limited condition
Can be classified into simple (more common) or nodular types
Most commonly idiopathic but may occur as an ocular manifestation of underlying autoimmune conditions eg RA, IBD
Also associated with glaucoma and cataracts
Episcleritis
Nontraumatic
Scleritis
Acute angle-closure glaucoma^
Corneal ulcer
Anterior uveitis
Central retinal artery occlusion
Conjunctivitis