Visual loss
Night blindness (early)
Dry conjunctivae with small white patches (Bitot spots)
Corneal ulceration/necrosis (keratomalacia), perforation, endophthalmitis, and blindness (late)
Dry, hyperkeratinized skin, hair, and nails
Pruritus
Loss of taste
Night blindness (early)
Dry conjunctivae with small white patches (Bitot spots)
Corneal ulceration/necrosis (keratomalacia), perforation, endophthalmitis, and blindness (late)
Vitamin A deficiency
Painful
Vitamin E deficiency
Arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy
Vitamin A toxicity
Optic neuritis
Vitamin B7 deficiency
Temporal arteritis†