Immune outcomes and clinical outcomes will be compared using appropriate measures, such as Spearman correlation, Fisher’s exact test, or Wilcoxon rank sum test. All secondary outcomes will be reported without formal adjustment for multiple comparisons but in the context of the number of such tests performed. In order to allow for a small number of inevaluable patients, up to 76 total patients may be enrolled in order to yield 72 total evaluable patients. If the study is able to accrue approximately 2 patients per month, then accrual can be completed in approximately 3 years. This projected accrual time frame is based on a previous trial in mCRPC which recently enrolled at the NCI. Trial 11-C-0195 enrolled 52 patients in under 2 years, therefore it would be feasible to accrue the number of patients required in this design. 9.1 EARLY S TOPPING R ULE After 50% of the patients (36 total) have been enrolled and followed potentially for 12 months, if the vaccine arm demonstrates the same or worse time to progression than the enzalutamide alone arm, that is, if the arms substantially overlap or if the enzalutamide alone arm appears to have better outcomes than the combination arm, then no further patients will be accrued. 10 COLLABORATIVE AGREEMENTS 10.1 AGREEMENT TYPE 10.1.1 Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA): This study is conducted under a CRADA with Bavarian Nordic (CRADA # 02377) This study is conducted under a CRADA with Astellas and Medivation (CRADA # 02859) 10.1.2 Material Transfer Agreement A Material Transfer Agreement is in place with Epic Sciences for the studies discussed in section 4.1.4 A Material Transfer Agreement is in place with The Cleveland Clinic Foundation for the studies discussed in section 4.1.6 11 HUMAN SUBJECTS PROTECTIONS 11.1 RATIONALE FOR S UBJECT SELECTION 11.1.1 Selection Based on Ethnicity, and Race Subjects from all racial/ethnic groups are eligible for this study if they meet the eligibility criteria. To date, there is no information that suggests that differences in drug metabolism or disease response would be expected in one group compared with another.