These schools of thought were superseded by several contemporary paradigms of criminology, such as the sub-culture, control, strain, labeling, critical criminology, cultural criminology, postmodern criminology, feminist criminology and others discussed below.
Aceste școli de gândire au fost înlocuite de mai multe paradigme contemporane de criminologie, cum ar fi subcultura, controlul, etichetarea, criminologia critică, criminologia culturală,  criminologia postmodernă, criminologie feministă.