In its earlier days, technological change was illustrated with the 'Linear Model of Innovation', which has now been largely discarded to be replaced with a model of technological change that involves innovation at all stages of research, development, diffusion, and use.
U svojim ranim danima tehnološka promjena ilustrirala se linearnim modelom inovacije koji se danas uglavnom odbacuje i zamjenjuje modelom tehnološke promjene koji uključuje sve stupnjeve istraživanja, razvoja, difuzije i uporabe.