During a period of more than 150 years leading up to the arrival of German crusaders in the region, Estonia was attacked thirteen times by Russian principalities, and by Denmark and Sweden as well.
Tijekom razdoblja od više od 150 godina, koje je dovelo do dolaska njemačkih križara u regiju, Estonija su ruska kneževstva napala preko 13 puta, kao i Danska i Švedska.