This argument has remained a central argument in all political, ethical and moral thinking since then, and has become especially controversial since firstly Rousseau's Second Discourse, and secondly, the Theory of Evolution.
Dette argument er forblevet et centralt argument i al politisk, etisk og moralsk tænkning siden da, og er blevet særligt kontroversielt siden Rousseaus Anden afhandling og, senere, evolutionsteorien.