In 1867, the republic was restored, and a new constitution was written that, amongst other things, confiscated the vast landholdings of the Catholic Church (which had been acting as landlord over half the country), established civil marriages and forbade the participation of priests in politics (separation of Church and State).
I 1867 blev republikken gendannet og en ny forfatning skrevet, som blandt andet konfiskerede den katolske kirkes store landområder (kirken havde fungeret som godsejer for over halvdelen af landet), tillod borgerlige vielser og forbød præsters deltagelse i politik (adskillelse af kirken og staten).