While the independence of Finland and Poland was already accepted by them in principle, the loss of Ukraine and the Baltics created, from the Bolshevik perspective, dangerous bases of anti-Bolshevik military activity in the subsequent Russian Civil War (1918–1922).
Mens Finlands og Polens uafhængighed allerede i princippet var blevet accepteret af dem, skabte tabet af Ukraine og de baltiske lande, set fra bolsjevikkernes synsvinkel, farlige baser af anti-bolsjevikisk militæraktivitet i den efterfølgende russiske borgerkrig (1918 – 20).