This Second Industrial Revolution gradually grew to include chemicals, mainly the chemical industries, petroleum (refining and distribution), and, in the 20th century, the automotive industry, and was marked by a transition of technological leadership from Britain to the United States and Germany.
Denne anden industrielle revolution vokser gradvist til at omfatte den kemiske industri, olieraffinering, elektriske industri, og i det tyvende århundrede bilindustrien, og var præget af, at det teknologiske lederskab gik fra Storbritannien til USA og Tyskland.