The struggle between the boyars and smerds, "molodshiye" and "bolshiye" posad people (high-ranking posad officials) was reflected in the heresy of the Strigolniki in the 14th century and in veche debates of the 1470s to the 1490s, which often resulted in bloody clashes.
Magtkampe mellem bojarer og smerder, "molodshiye" og "bolshiye"-folk (højere embedsmænd) afspejledes i det 14. århundrede i Strigolniki og i debatterne i veche fra 1470'erne til 1490'erne, der ofte endte i blodige sammenstød.