Lee (1984, pp.  13) views this as the period of emergence of the "walled-town states" in Korean culture, a hierarchical political structure in contrast to the tribal system which had prevailed during the Neolithic period.
Dette synes at falde sammen med perioden for fremkomsten af "bymurs-stater" i den koreanske kultur, en hierarkisk politisk struktur i modsætning til stamme-systemet, der havde hersket i den neolithiske periode.