A new tactic, the open-field exchange of artillery fire was "the most violent cannonade between armies in the field that the world had yet seen", according to Taylor, and "the first of its kind in the historical record", according to Bert Hall.
Der offene Schlagabtausch durch Artilleriefeuer war „die brutalste Kanonade zwischen zwei Armeen im Feld, die die Welt bisher gesehen hatte“ (Taylor) und „die erste ihrer Art in historischen Berichten“ (Bert Hall).