After the Russian Revolution of 1917 and the Russian Civil War (1917–1921), all of these farms (whose owners were called Kulaks) and enterprises were expropriated by local peasants or the Soviet government.
1917年のロシア革命とロシア内戦 (1917-1921)の後、これら全ての農地（その所有者はクラーク、富農と呼ばれた）は没収された。