A computer controlled non-invasive system has been developed to distinguish between wrist fracture and sprain. The system consists of a miniature tapper that induces a mild vibration and vibration detection circuitry that records the bone vibration responses. Suitable features of the magnitude frequency spectra of the vibration responses were obtained. These were processed independently by Fuzzy C-Means and Kohonen network to distinguish the cases. The methods were evaluated on 13 participants with 3 having confirmed (by X-ray) wrist fracture. The injury type for all cases was correctly determined. A more detailed evaluation of the system is ongoing.
['Ridita Ali', 'A.C. Offiah', 'Shammi Ramlakhan']
Fuzzy C-Means clustering to analyze bone vibration as a method of screening fracture