We estimate unknown rotation matrices R i  from a set of measurements of relative rotations R i R j  T . Measurements are strongly affected by noise such that a small fraction of them are well concentrated around the true relative rotations while the majority of measurements are outliers bearing little or no information. We propose a maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) that explicitly acknowledges this noise model, yielding a robust estimation algorithm. The MLE is computed via Riemannian trust-region optimization using the Manopt toolbox. Comparisons of the MLE with Cramer-Rao bounds suggest the estimator is asymptotically efficient.
['Nicolas Boumal', 'Amit Singer', 'Pierre-Antoine Absil']
Robust estimation of rotations from relative measurements by maximum likelihood