Orientation on small display maps is often difficult because the visible spatial context is restricted. This paper proposes to provide the history of a user's visual attention on a map as visual clue to facilitate orientation. Visual attention on the map is recorded with eye tracking, clustered geo-spatially, and visualized when the user zooms out. This implicit gaze-interaction concept, called GeoGazemarks, has been evaluated in an experiment with 40 participants. The study demonstrates a significant increase in efficiency and an increase in effectiveness for a map search task, compared to standard panning and zooming.
['Ioannis Giannopoulos', 'Peter Kiefer', 'Martin Raubal']
GeoGazemarks: providing gaze history for the orientation on small display maps