This paper analyses the estimation of residual frequency offset in MIMO OFDM systems using pilot subcarriers embedded in the data payload. A closed-form expression for the MSE is derived and it shows how the frequency and spatial correlation influence performance. It is also shown that an orthogonal design ensures robust performance, which is independent of the frequency correlation of the channel.
['Tsuguhide Aoki', 'Magnus Sandell']
Analysis of pilots for residual frequency offset estimation in MIMO OFDM systems