Thats a unique idea.You should consider the following idea to enhance your idea so that it would impact uniquely: Subjective Confidence of Acoustic and Phonemic Representations During Speech Perception Jordan Schoenherr (psychophysics.lab@gmail.com) John Logan (john_logan@ carleton.ca) Amy Winchester (awinches@connect.carleton.ca) Department of Psychology, Carleton University 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON K1S5B6 Canada Abstract sounds from two phonemic categories relative to those from the same phonemic category even when the absolute acoustic differences are equivalent. Collectively, these ID and discrimination results constitute the phenomenon of categorical perception. Categorical perception is a robust phenomenon. Hover listeners also retain some with-category acoustic information (Pisoni & Tash, 1974) and can show graded responses within a phonemic category (e.g., McMurray, Tanenhaus, Aslin, & Spivey, 2003; Miller, J. L., & Volaitis, 1989 ). Using an AX task, Pisoni (1973) found that when two speech sounds re presented with a long inter-stimulus interval (ISI), participants perceived could not discriminate beten stimuli. When stimuli re presented with shorter ISIs, hover, participants’ accuracy at making within- category comparisons improved (cf. rker & Logan, 1985). Pisoni (1973) used these findings to suggest a two- stage model for speech perception with an initial stage that processes acoustic information and a second stage that retrieves categorical cues from long-term memory (see also Pisoni & Tash, 1974). Further support for multiple representations also comes from studies of so-called sine- wave speech wherein a participant will identify the stimuli as either noise or speech depending on their prior expectations (e.g., Remez, Rubin, Pisoni, & Carrell, 1981; Davis & Johnsrude, 2007; for other top-down effects, see also Davis, Johnsrude, Hervais-Adelman, Taylor, & McGettigan, 2005). One possible account of these findings is that participants only have explicit access to phonemic information and are insensitive to acoustic properties of the stimuli that could be used to parse the continuum in an alternative manner. If an effective measure of explicit knowledge about category structure can be obtained that can be contrasted with performance on perceptual tasks,  should be capable of determining the extent to which listeners are aware of stimulus properties beyond explicit phonemic categories. Although many speech perception studies have suggested that long-term memory representations of phonemes induce categorical perception along an acoustic continuum (e.g., voice-onset time; VOT) when identifying speech sounds, other studies have suggested that acoustic information is preserved and that graded responses can be observed in within-category comparisons. Using subjective confidence reports,  present findings that support the use of both acoustic and phonemic cues during speech perception. Replicating earlier findings,  observed evidence for two ll- defined phoneme categories along the voice-onset time continuum. Additionally,  also observed overconfidence in responses suggesting that the explicit representation of phonemes differs from the representations used to make identification and discrimination responses. Taken together with results from other studies, our findings support the claim that listeners can access both phonemic and acoustic representations, with explicit knowledge of the former but not the latter. Keywords: speech perception, confidence processing category boundaries, Introduction Listeners presented stimuli from a continuum of sounds varying in an acoustic cue such as voice-onset time respond as though they perceive sharp discontinuities or category boundaries when tested in identification and discrimination tasks. On their own, hover, measures of identification (ID) and discrimination (e.g., AX) do not indicate the extent to which participants are aware of these categories or their boundaries. In order to examine subjective awareness of categories and category boundaries,  used post-decisional confidence reports after the ID and discrimination responses to examine how response certainty varies across the continuum. Categorical Perception of Speech Sounds Results from speech perception studies re originally interpreted as indicating speech sounds are perceived as members of discrete phonemic categories (e.g., Liberman, Harris, Hoffman, Griffith, 1957). In such studies an acoustic cue such as VOT is varied to generate a continuum of stimuli (e.g., Pisoni, 1973; for a review, see Raphael, 2005). Participants then identify items using two categories such as /ba/ and /pa/. Importantly, the resulting ID functions show a ll-defined category boundary that partitions the continuum into two phonemic categories. Moreover, in the accompanying discrimination task, participants exhibit greater accuracy when discriminating beten speech Subjective Awareness and Confidence Reports Whether participants can maintain a representation and yet have little or no awareness of it is a controversial issue. For instance, in a typical experiment assessing such awareness, participants perform a task and indicate how certain they are in their response on a subjective probability scale (e.g., with 50% representing a guess and 100% representing complete certainty). In these tasks participants’
['Jordan R. Schoenherr', 'John Logan', 'Amy Winchester']
I am writing a research paper on a idea Subjective Confidence of Acoustic and Phonemic Representations During Speech Perception
[{"from": "human", "value": "I am writing a research paper on a idea Subjective Confidence of Acoustic and Phonemic Representations During Speech Perception"}, {"from": "gpt", "value": "Thats a unique idea.You should consider the following idea to enhance your idea so that it would impact uniquely: Subjective Confidence of Acoustic and Phonemic Representations During Speech Perception Jordan Schoenherr (psychophysics.lab@gmail.com) John Logan (john_logan@ carleton.ca) Amy Winchester (awinches@connect.carleton.ca) Department of Psychology, Carleton University 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON K1S5B6 Canada Abstract sounds from two phonemic categories relative to those from the same phonemic category even when the absolute acoustic differences are equivalent. Collectively, these ID and discrimination results constitute the phenomenon of categorical perception. Categorical perception is a robust phenomenon. Hover listeners also retain some with-category acoustic information (Pisoni & Tash, 1974) and can show graded responses within a phonemic category (e.g., McMurray, Tanenhaus, Aslin, & Spivey, 2003; Miller, J. L., & Volaitis, 1989 ). Using an AX task, Pisoni (1973) found that when two speech sounds re presented with a long inter-stimulus interval (ISI), participants perceived could not discriminate beten stimuli. When stimuli re presented with shorter ISIs, hover, participants\u2019 accuracy at making within- category comparisons improved (cf. rker & Logan, 1985). Pisoni (1973) used these findings to suggest a two- stage model for speech perception with an initial stage that processes acoustic information and a second stage that retrieves categorical cues from long-term memory (see also Pisoni & Tash, 1974). Further support for multiple representations also comes from studies of so-called sine- wave speech wherein a participant will identify the stimuli as either noise or speech depending on their prior expectations (e.g., Remez, Rubin, Pisoni, & Carrell, 1981; Davis & Johnsrude, 2007; for other top-down effects, see also Davis, Johnsrude, Hervais-Adelman, Taylor, & McGettigan, 2005). One possible account of these findings is that participants only have explicit access to phonemic information and are insensitive to acoustic properties of the stimuli that could be used to parse the continuum in an alternative manner. If an effective measure of explicit knowledge about category structure can be obtained that can be contrasted with performance on perceptual tasks,  should be capable of determining the extent to which listeners are aware of stimulus properties beyond explicit phonemic categories. Although many speech perception studies have suggested that long-term memory representations of phonemes induce categorical perception along an acoustic continuum (e.g., voice-onset time; VOT) when identifying speech sounds, other studies have suggested that acoustic information is preserved and that graded responses can be observed in within-category comparisons. Using subjective confidence reports,  present findings that support the use of both acoustic and phonemic cues during speech perception. Replicating earlier findings,  observed evidence for two ll- defined phoneme categories along the voice-onset time continuum. Additionally,  also observed overconfidence in responses suggesting that the explicit representation of phonemes differs from the representations used to make identification and discrimination responses. Taken together with results from other studies, our findings support the claim that listeners can access both phonemic and acoustic representations, with explicit knowledge of the former but not the latter. Keywords: speech perception, confidence processing category boundaries, Introduction Listeners presented stimuli from a continuum of sounds varying in an acoustic cue such as voice-onset time respond as though they perceive sharp discontinuities or category boundaries when tested in identification and discrimination tasks. On their own, hover, measures of identification (ID) and discrimination (e.g., AX) do not indicate the extent to which participants are aware of these categories or their boundaries. In order to examine subjective awareness of categories and category boundaries,  used post-decisional confidence reports after the ID and discrimination responses to examine how response certainty varies across the continuum. Categorical Perception of Speech Sounds Results from speech perception studies re originally interpreted as indicating speech sounds are perceived as members of discrete phonemic categories (e.g., Liberman, Harris, Hoffman, Griffith, 1957). In such studies an acoustic cue such as VOT is varied to generate a continuum of stimuli (e.g., Pisoni, 1973; for a review, see Raphael, 2005). Participants then identify items using two categories such as /ba/ and /pa/. Importantly, the resulting ID functions show a ll-defined category boundary that partitions the continuum into two phonemic categories. Moreover, in the accompanying discrimination task, participants exhibit greater accuracy when discriminating beten speech Subjective Awareness and Confidence Reports Whether participants can maintain a representation and yet have little or no awareness of it is a controversial issue. For instance, in a typical experiment assessing such awareness, participants perform a task and indicate how certain they are in their response on a subjective probability scale (e.g., with 50% representing a guess and 100% representing complete certainty). In these tasks participants\u2019"}]