Artemisinin ( ART ) is a sesquiterpene lactone extracted from Chinese herb qinghao , and artemether ( ARM ) , artesunate ( ARS ) and dihydroartemisinin ( DHA ) were synthesized derivatives of artemisinin , which also have anti-malarial and anti-cancer effects such as artemisinin .
Artemisinin derivatives inactivate cancer-associated fibroblasts through suppressing TGF-β signaling in breast cancer. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are activated fibroblasts associated with cancer. They have an important role in tumor growth and metastasis. Artemisinin ( ART ) is a sesquiterpene lactone extracted from Chinese herb qinghao , and artemether ( ARM ) , artesunate ( ARS ) and dihydroartemisinin ( DHA ) were synthesized derivatives of artemisinin , which also have anti-malarial and anti-cancer effects such as artemisinin . ### methods In this study, we investigated the in-vitro and in-vivo effects of artemisinin derivatives on inactivating cancer-associated fibroblasts and uncovered its underlying mechanism. ### results We demonstrated that ARS and DHA could revert L-929-CAFs and CAFs from activated to inactivated state in vitro. Mechanically, ARS and DHA could suppress TGF-β signaling to inhibit activation of L-929-CAFs and CAFs, and decreased interaction between tumor and tumor microenvironment. The results showed that ARS and DHA could suppress CAFs-induced breast cancer growth and metastasis in the orthotopic model. Conformably, ARS and DHA suppressed TGF-β signaling to inactivate cancer-associated fibroblasts and inhibit cancer metastasis in vivo. ### conclusions artemisinin derivatives are potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of breast cancer.
### Instruction:
            Given the context about compound efficacy for the given treatment mentioned within the input, mentioned the compounds 
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            ### Input:
            Artemisinin derivatives inactivate cancer-associated fibroblasts through suppressing TGF-β signaling in breast cancer. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are activated fibroblasts associated with cancer. They have an important role in tumor growth and metastasis. Artemisinin ( ART ) is a sesquiterpene lactone extracted from Chinese herb qinghao , and artemether ( ARM ) , artesunate ( ARS ) and dihydroartemisinin ( DHA ) were synthesized derivatives of artemisinin , which also have anti-malarial and anti-cancer effects such as artemisinin . ### methods In this study, we investigated the in-vitro and in-vivo effects of artemisinin derivatives on inactivating cancer-associated fibroblasts and uncovered its underlying mechanism. ### results We demonstrated that ARS and DHA could revert L-929-CAFs and CAFs from activated to inactivated state in vitro. Mechanically, ARS and DHA could suppress TGF-β signaling to inhibit activation of L-929-CAFs and CAFs, and decreased interaction between tumor and tumor microenvironment. The results showed that ARS and DHA could suppress CAFs-induced breast cancer growth and metastasis in the orthotopic model. Conformably, ARS and DHA suppressed TGF-β signaling to inactivate cancer-associated fibroblasts and inhibit cancer metastasis in vivo. ### conclusions artemisinin derivatives are potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of breast cancer.

            ### Response:
            Artemisinin, artemether, artesunate, dihydroartemisinin, artemisinin, artemisinin
            