In the present study , we investigated the effect atorvastatin , celecoxib and tipifarnib in combination on proliferation and apoptosis in Panc-1 sphere-forming cells .
Effects of atorvastatin in combination with celecoxib and tipifarnib on proliferation and apoptosis in pancreatic cancer sphere-forming cells. Cancer stem cell (CSC) plays an important role in pancreatic cancer pathogenesis and treatment failure. CSCs are characterized by their ability to form tumor spheres in serum-free medium and expression of CSC related markers. In the present study , we investigated the effect atorvastatin , celecoxib and tipifarnib in combination on proliferation and apoptosis in Panc-1 sphere-forming cells . The sphere-forming cells were isolated from Panc-1 cells by sphere-forming method. These sphere-forming cells showed CSC properties. The levels of CD44, CD133 and ALDH1A1 in the sphere-forming cells were increased. Moreover, Panc-1 sphere-forming cells were resistant to chemotherapeutic drug gemcitabine. Combined atorvastatin with celecoxib and tipifarnib synergistically decreased the sphere forming ability of Panc-1 cells and the drug combination also strongly inhibited cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis in the sphere-forming cells. The effects of the drug combination on the Panc-1 sphere-forming cells were associated with decreases in the levels of CD44, CD133 and ALDH1A1, and suppression of Akt and NF-κB activation. Results of the present study indicate that the combination of atorvastatin, celecoxib and tipifarnib may represent an effective approach for inhibiting pancreatic CSCs.
### Instruction:
            Given the context about compound efficacy for the given treatment mentioned within the input, mentioned the compounds 
            that can co-occur for the mentioned treatment

            ### Input:
            Effects of atorvastatin in combination with celecoxib and tipifarnib on proliferation and apoptosis in pancreatic cancer sphere-forming cells. Cancer stem cell (CSC) plays an important role in pancreatic cancer pathogenesis and treatment failure. CSCs are characterized by their ability to form tumor spheres in serum-free medium and expression of CSC related markers. In the present study , we investigated the effect atorvastatin , celecoxib and tipifarnib in combination on proliferation and apoptosis in Panc-1 sphere-forming cells . The sphere-forming cells were isolated from Panc-1 cells by sphere-forming method. These sphere-forming cells showed CSC properties. The levels of CD44, CD133 and ALDH1A1 in the sphere-forming cells were increased. Moreover, Panc-1 sphere-forming cells were resistant to chemotherapeutic drug gemcitabine. Combined atorvastatin with celecoxib and tipifarnib synergistically decreased the sphere forming ability of Panc-1 cells and the drug combination also strongly inhibited cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis in the sphere-forming cells. The effects of the drug combination on the Panc-1 sphere-forming cells were associated with decreases in the levels of CD44, CD133 and ALDH1A1, and suppression of Akt and NF-κB activation. Results of the present study indicate that the combination of atorvastatin, celecoxib and tipifarnib may represent an effective approach for inhibiting pancreatic CSCs.

            ### Response:
            atorvastatin, celecoxib, tipifarnib
            