The caf5 gene is induced in a pap1 -dependent manner in response to LatA. <t>qRT-PCR</t> analysis of caf5 and trr1 expression (relative to gpd1 ) in response to 0.3 μM LatA treatment in (A) wild-type, (B) pap1 Δ, and (C) act1-R183A , D184A backgrounds. The level of caf5 and trr1 transcripts were normalized to that of the internal control gpd1 . The normalized level of the transcripts in LatA-treated cells is shown relative to that of DMSO controls. The mean ± SE for three biological replicates is shown. DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide; LatA, latrunculin A; qRT-PCR, quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction.