3-MA decreased MDMA-elicited autophagy activation and neurite degeneration. Cultured cortical neurons were exposed to 1 mM MDMA for 48 h in the presence or absence of 1 mM 3-MA for 48 h. Autophagy activity was assay by MDC incorporation, western blot analysis and double immunofluorescence staining with anti-LC3B and MAP2 antibodies. (A) The autophagic vacuoles were visualized by monodansylcadaverine (MDC) staining and the mean number of MDC-labeled vacuoles per cortical neurons (arrows) was quantitation. Quantitative data are expressed as mean ± S.D. n = 3. ## P