Planning a minimally invasive operation involves an understanding of the steps of the operation and the progression of the different technologies and devices involved. Combined robotic and laparoscopic or thoracic cases require that dissection can start with one technology and allow resection with another. Often times it is necessary to switch camera angles, points of view and a variety of other tools as the operation proceeds. Trocars serve as the gateways that allow minimally invasive instruments to pass.