synergistic effects of celecoxib and bupropion in a model of chronic inflammationrelated depression in mice this study was aimed to characterize the depressionlike behaviour in the classical model of chronic inflammation induced by complete freunds adjuvant cfa male swiss mice received an intraplantar ipl injection of cfa 50 lpaw or vehicle behavioural and inflammatory responses were measured at different timepoints 1 to 4 weeks and different pharmacological tools were tested the brain levels of il1 and bdnf or cox2 expression were also determined cfa elicited a timedependent edema formation and mechanical allodynia which was accompanied by a significant increase in the immobility time in the tail suspension tst or forcedswimming fst depression tests repeated administration of the antidepressants imipramine 10 mgkg fluoxetine 20 mgkg and bupropion 30 mgkg significantly reversed depressionlike behaviour induced by cfa predictably the antiinflammatory drugs dexamethasone 05 mgkg indomethacin 10 mgkg and celecoxib 30 mgkg markedly reduced cfainduced edema the oral treatment with the analgesic drugs dipyrone 30 and 300 mgkg or pregabalin 30 mgkg significantly reversed the mechanical allodyinia induced by cfa otherwise either dipyrone or pregabalin both 30 mgkg did not significantly affect the paw edema or the depressivelike behaviour induced by cfa whereas the oral treatment with dipyrone 300 mgkg was able to reduce the immobility time in tst noteworthy cfainduced edema was reduced by bupropion 30 mgkg and depression behaviour was prevented by celecoxib 30 mgkg the cotreatment with bupropion and celecoxib 3 mgkg each significantly inhibited both inflammation and depression elicited by cfa the same combined treatment reduced the brain levels of il1 as well as cox2 immunopositivity whilst it failed to affect the reduction of bdnf levels we provide novel evidence on the relationship between chronic inflammation and depression suggesting that combination of antidepressant and antiinflammatory agents bupropion and celecoxib might represent an attractive therapeutic strategy for depression