recent demography drives changes in linked selection across the maize genome genetic diversity is shaped by the interaction of drift and selection but the details of this interaction are not well understood the impact of genetic drift in a population is largely determined by its demographic history typically summarized by its longterm effective population size ne rapidly changing population demographics complicate this relationship however to better understand how changing demography impacts selection we used wholegenome sequencing data to investigate patterns of linked selection in domesticated and wild maize teosinte we produce the first wholegenome estimate of the demography of maize domestication showing that maize was reduced to approximately 5 the population size of teosinte before it experienced rapid expansion postdomestication to population sizes much larger than its ancestor evaluation of patterns of nucleotide diversity in and near genes shows little evidence of selection on beneficial amino acid substitutions and that the domestication bottleneck led to a decline in the efficiency of purifying selection in maize young alleles however show evidence of much stronger purifying selection in maize reflecting the much larger effective size of present day populations our results demonstrate that recent demographic changea hallmark of many species including both humans and cropscan have immediate and wideranging impacts on diversity that conflict with expectations based on longterm ne alone