immediate physiotherapy in perforating wounds of the pleural cavity and underlying lung patients suffering from uncomplicated pneumothorax haemothorax or haemopneumothorax of clinical significance are treated with fluid replacement intercostal underwater drainage antibiotics and routine physiotherapy the commencement of routine physiotherapy may be delayed 860 hrs depending on the time the patient is admitted and arrangement of outofhours physiotherapy services but immediate physiotherapy produces superior results from every point of view the theoretical foundation for artery buckling under internal pressure the stability of blood vessels under the lumen blood pressure is essential to the maintenance of normal arterial function buckling equations have been established recently for linear and nonlinear elastic artery models with assumed sinusoidal mode shapes however the theoretical base for the assumption is not clear this study established differential equations of artery buckling and then proved that straight arteries bifurcated into sinusoidal mode shapes when buckling occurs these results set the buckling equation on a solid theoretical foundation