pulmonary fungal granulomas and fibrinous pneumonia caused by different hypocrealean fungi in reptiles in contrast to fungal dermatitis fungal glossitis and disseminated visceral mycosis fungal infection of the lung has so far rarely been described in reptiles pulmonary fungal granulomas were diagnosed histopathologically within the scope of post mortem examinations fragments of the 18sinternal transcribed spacer158s rdna ssuits158s and 28s rdna lsu including domains d1 and d2 as well as the protein coding gene translation elongation factor 1 alpha tef were used for phylogenetical analysis after isolation of the fungal pathogen by culturing ten reptiles including lizards n6 snakes n1 crocodilians n2 and tortoises n1 presented with pulmonary fungal granulomas n8 and fibrinous pneumonia n2 caused by different nonclavicipitaceous and clavicipitaceous species of the order hypocreales purpureocillium lavendulum n2 and metarhizium robertsii n1 as the etiologic agents of pneumonia in reptile species are described for the first time fungal pulmonary granulomas caused by clavicipitaceous fungi n6 were all associated with disseminated visceral mycosis as well as oral fungal granulomas n4 andor fungal dermatitis n1 differing infection routes being likely for clavicipitaceous and nonclavicipitaceous fungal pathogens a potential zoonotic health risk should be taken into account during necropsy or lung sampling in live reptiles with pulmonary fungal granulomas since human infections mainly keratitis and sclerokeratitis caused by beauveria bassiana metarhizium robertsii and purpureocillium lilacinum have occasionally been described