statistical modeling for bayesian extrapolation of adult clinical trial information in pediatric drug evaluation children represent a large underserved population of therapeutic orphans as an estimated 80 of children are treated offlabel however pediatric drug development often faces substantial challenges including economic logistical technical and ethical barriers among others among many efforts trying to remove these barriers increased recent attention has been paid to extrapolation that is the leveraging of available data from adults or older age groups to draw conclusions for the pediatric population the bayesian statistical paradigm is natural in this setting as it permits the combining or borrowing of information across disparate sources such as the adult and pediatric data in this paper authored by the pediatric subteam of the drug information association bayesian scientific working group and adaptive design working group we develop illustrate and provide suggestions on bayesian statistical methods that could be used to design improved pediatric development programs that use all available information in the most efficient manner a variety of relevant bayesian approaches are described several of which are illustrated through 2 case studies extrapolating adult efficacy data to expand the labeling for remicade to include pediatric ulcerative colitis and extrapolating adult exposureresponse information for antiepileptic drugs to pediatrics