The risk of ovarian cancer increases with age. Most cases of ovarian cancer develop after menopause but it can happen at any age. It is also more common in women who have ovulated (released an egg from one of the ovaries, which usually happens about two weeks before the start of the menstrual period) more times over their lifetime. This includes those who have never had children, those who began ovulation at a younger age and those who reach menopause at an older age. Other things that increase the risk include taking hormone drugs after menopause, fertility drugs, and obesity. High consumption of total, saturated, and trans-fats increases ovarian cancer risk (the chance of getting it.) A 2006 study involving 13,281 women found the greatest risks among foods were for meat and cheese. Eating meat once a week rather than not at all more than doubled the risk for a common type of ovarian cancer occurring after menopause. Eating cheese twice a week rather than once a week also doubled the risk. Both meat and cheese are high in saturated fat, so these findings suggest that women follow the general advice to not eat foods that are high in fat, especially animal fats which are usually saturated fats. Other studies have found similar results. A 2002 study said the data "suggest that a diet rich in fresh vegetables and fruits, but less animal fat, salted vegetables, fried, cured and smoked food, contribute to a lower risk of ovarian cancer." A 2021 review of other studies found that coffee, egg, and fat intake increase the risk of ovarian cancer. (Note, however, that coffee may lower the risk of some other types of cancer.) Things that lower the risk include hormonal birth control (commonly called "the pill"), tubal ligation (a surgical type of birth control commonly known as having one's "tubes tied", in which the fallopian tubes are permanently blocked, cut, or removed), pregnancy, and breast feeding. About 10% of cases are because of inherited genetic risk. That is, if a woman's relatives such as her mother or her aunts have had this cancer, there is a higher than normal chance that she will have it some day.
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