On jisho.org, words like ''達する'' are marked as ''Suru verb - special class''.
What is this so called ''special verb class?''
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2018-01-28T19:52:41.707
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question
grammar words
What are the ''special class'' suru verbs on the jisho dictionary?
[From Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_irregular_verbs):

> These are single kanji suru forms. ‘While 〜する suru verbs following a two-
> kanji compound are regular (using the admittedly irregular conjugation of
> suru), behaving as a kanji noun followed by an independent verb, there is
> irregular behavior for single kanji suru verbs, and they behave as a single
> fused word, with various forms and sometimes irregular conjugation. ‘

Below are some examples of single-kanji ‘special’ forms, compound forms, and
regular verb forms. Note that meaning/nuance can change between the different
forms:

> Single - Double - Regular form
>
> 旅する - 旅行する - X
>
> 反する - 対抗する - 反る
>
> 与する - 供与 - 与える
>
> 休する - 休憩する - 休む
>
> 生ずる - 生起する - 生きる
>
> 禁ずる - 禁止する - X
>
> 要する - 要求する - 要る

In Japanese, these are called サ行変格活用 (irregular conjugation suru-form verbs).

There are pages of examples of these verbs and their meanings that can be
found [here](https://www.japandict.com/lists/vs-s?page=1).
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2018-01-29T03:50:50.803
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I think they are special because they have different conjugations from normal
する-verbs, for example...

Regular する-verbs conjugate like...

> 勉強する → 勉強できる(potential) 勉強しよう(volitional) 勉強しない(negative)  
>  理解する → 理解できる(potential) 理解しよう(volitional) 理解しない(negative)

The "special" する-verbs (i.e. verbs with ～す variants), conjugate like...

> 達する → 達せられる/?達せる(potential) 達しよう(volitional) 達しない/達さない(negative)  
>  愛する → 愛せる(potential) 愛そう(volitional) 愛さない(negative)  
>  訳する → 訳せる(potential) 訳そう(volitional) 訳さない(negative)

etc...
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