5863
Spawned from [What is the difference in terms of grammar between きり and
っぱなし?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/5855/78); I started thinking about
`～かける`. Don't these essentially mean the same thing? I'm failing to see any
difference except that maybe `～かける` doesn't necessarily have a negative nuance
to it.

>   * 食べかけたリンゴ → An apple I started eating  
>
>   * 食べっぱなしのリンゴ → ??? (is it even grammatical; or used?)  
>  
>
>   * やりかけた → Started but not finished (?)  
>
>   * やりっぱなし → Unfinished, incomplete
>
CC BY-SA 3.0
2012-06-14T03:26:12.330
5860
2016-02-17T20:46:15.747
2017-04-13T12:43:44.260
-1
78
question
grammar nuances word-choice
What is the difference in terms of grammar between ～かける　and　～っぱなし?
As Chocolate suggests, one difference is that かけ implies that the activity is
not completed, whereas ぱなし means that the activity is completed, and as a
result, some negative situation (messed up, etc.) is left.

> やりかけた 'had started working on something (but have not completed)'  
>  やりっぱなし 'completed doing something, (and have not cleaned/put away the tools
> after it)'
>
> 食べかけたりんご 'an apple I have started eating (but have not eaten up)'

`食べっぱなしのりんご` is very strange because, if you complete eating it, there should
not be anything to talk about regarding the situation of the apple that had
disappeared. You can talk about a dish (that had the apple on it) not being
put away, or a table on which such dish is left, but then, the sentence should
be

> 食べっぱなしの皿  
>  食べっぱなしの食卓
CC BY-SA 3.0
2012-06-14T12:42:00.297
5863
2012-06-14T15:53:32.133
2020-06-17T08:18:27.500
-1
5860
answer