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"I have become sleepy, because I did not sleep much last night"

What in the textbook:

> きのうの夜あまり寝なかったから、眠く **なりました** 。

What I think is right:

> きのうの夜あまり寝なかったから、眠く **なります** 。
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2018-11-01T13:19:15.647
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question
grammar conjugations tense
"I have become sleepy, because I did not sleep much last night"textbook wrong translation?
This question is fantastic for studying tense. I'll start with the English,
then go to the Japanese.

> I have become sleepy, because I did not sleep much last night.

I think that we can agree that the second part (`because I did not sleep much
last night.`) is past tense, but what about the tense of the first four words?

According to English Learners Stack Exchange, ['has become' is in present
perfect tense.](https://ell.stackexchange.com/questions/115455/what-tense-is-
has-became) The same can be said of ['have
become'](http://conjugator.reverso.net/conjugation-english-verb-become.html)
as well.

If you're like me, saying that it is present perfect tense seems to imply
present tense (it is technically), but there is also an element from the past
involved. From [this source](https://examples.yourdictionary.com/present-
perfect-tense-examples.html):

> Present perfect tense combines the present tense and the perfect aspect used
> to express an event that happened in the past that has present consequences.
> This tense is used to show a link between the present and past and is
> commonly used in everyday conversations, in the news, on the radio, and when
> writing letters.

* * *

Japanese present perfect tense is less obvious to the untrained eye than it is
in English. [This website](https://www.wasabi-jpn.com/japanese-grammar/past-
tense-and-present-perfect-tense-with-the-ta-form/) might come in handy, but
there is one particular part from the the discussion on that page that I'd
like to highlight:

> Past tense indicates that actions were completed in the past, e.g. I studied
> Japanese. Present perfect tense has a number of different functions, e.g. to
> express completion: “I have just done my homework,” and experience: “I have
> studied Japanese before.” In English, you distinguish the two tenses by
> using “have.” However, in Japanese, _we express the two tenses by using the
> same form._ (emphasis added)

In other words, to express the present perfect `have become` in Japanese, you
would use `なりました`.

I must applaud your attention to detail, as this is something I have never
studied or noticed about present perfect tense in Japanese. It appears,
however, that _your textbook was correct_ with its verb conjugation.
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2018-11-01T13:40:37.797
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answer