Some Japanese comic book titles are a challenge to translate to English, and
this one might be the most challenging title I have come across so far.

I looked around on the Internet in the hopes of finding something that would
explain what it means. This is what I found.

> 乱飛乱外 (Reading) らんぴらんがい
>
> Carefully selected edition Japan National Language Unabridged Dictionary’s
> explanation
>
> らんぴ-らんがい…ラングヮイ【乱飛乱外】
>
> [[N.]] (Adjectival Noun) (also “らんびらんがい”) The act of flying around in
> confusion. The state of moving around here and there. Incidentally, the
> state of being disorderly. Moreover, the state of being lawless. The state
> of being violent. らっぴらんがい. らっぴらんごく. らんごく. [Vocabvlario da Lingoa de Iapam
> (1603-04)]

Source:
<https://kotobank.jp/word/%E4%B9%B1%E9%A3%9B%E4%B9%B1%E5%A4%96-2092323#E7.B2.BE.E9.81.B8.E7.89.88.20.E6.97.A5.E6.9C.AC.E5.9B.BD.E8.AA.9E.E5.A4.A7.E8.BE.9E.E5.85.B8>

> らっぴ乱外 (Reading) らっぴらんがい
>
> Carefully selected edition Japan National Language Unabridged Dictionary’s
> explanation
>
> らっぴ‐らんがい ‥ラングヮイ【らっぴ乱外】
>
> [[N.]] (Adjectival Noun) A corrupted word for “らんぴらんがい (乱飛乱外)”....

Source:
<https://kotobank.jp/word/%E3%82%89%E3%81%A3%E3%81%B4%E4%B9%B1%E5%A4%96-2092202>

> らっぴらんごく
>
> Carefully selected edition Japan National Language Unabridged Dictionary’s
> explanation
>
> らっぴ‐らんごく
>
> [[N.]] (Adjectival Noun) = らんぴらんがい (乱飛乱外)....

Source:
<https://kotobank.jp/word/%E3%82%89%E3%81%A3%E3%81%B4%E3%82%89%E3%82%93%E3%81%94%E3%81%8F-2092203>

> らんごく
>
> Carefully selected edition Japan National Language Unabridged Dictionary’s
> explanation
>
> らん‐ごく
>
> [[N.]] (Adjectival Noun) (abbreviation of “らっぴらんごく”) = らんぴらんがい (乱飛乱外)....

Source:
<https://kotobank.jp/word/%E3%82%89%E3%82%93%E3%81%94%E3%81%8F-2092259>

It turns out that Weblio does not even have an entry on “乱飛乱外”
(らんぴらんがい/らっぴらんがい). Still, thanks to Kotobank, I was able to find out what the
word is supposed to mean. Not only that, but I found out that らっぴらんがい, which
is the reading of the comic book title, is a corrupted form of らんぴらんがい.

For those of you who have not read this comic book, please allow me to
summarize the plot. It takes place during Japan's Warring States Period (or
Sengoku Period, if you prefer). A young boy named Raizou is an outcast due to
the horn on his head. One day, he finds an unconscious young lady in a river
and nurses her back to health. She is a female ninja named Kagari, and she has
been searching for him. Raizou is the heir of a fallen clan and she is his
servant. After that, they meet two more female ninjas (well, one of the two is
actually a young man dressing as a young lady...long story) and work to
restore his clan. The plot focuses on them travelling to various parts of the
country and try to get Raizou married to more than one princess. Oh, and they
fight against a group of people who are trying to take over the other clans.

Like I said, I am trying to translate “乱飛乱外” to English. Right now, I think
the title might be something like “The State of Being Lawless and Violent”.

I hope native Japanese speakers can help me with this. I look forward to your
help!
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translation
Is there a good way to translate the Japanese comic book title “乱飛乱外” to English?
While my English is not as good to propose a translation phrase, I hope I can
give some clues on what a Japanese reader would think of on this title.

  1. **It's archaic** ; I must confess that this is the first time I have ever seen the word, and it's not a common word at all today. As the dictionary cites 日葡辞書, which was compiled near the end of the Sengoku period, we can see that the author probably chooses it on purpose for a word reminiscent of that time. FYI The latter half of the Sengoku period is about the same time when Shakespeare lived.

  2. **It's playful** ; it may look like a big Chinese word at first sight, but actually sounds rather vivid and light-hearted due to its alliteration. It reminds me, in a sense, such English morphology like _willy-nilly_ , or otherwise _flabbergast_ , which is made of a chain of syllables not directly linked to the meaning.

  3. **Possible reference to ninja** ; since many ninjas figure in the plot, I suspect the word form らっぴらんがい is intended to have some connection with 乱破（らっぱ）, one of synonyms of ninja.
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