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The sentence pattern for "I have never X" is covered in this question: [Is
there a form for "I have never heard
of"?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/3930/is-there-a-form-for-i-
have-never-heard-of/3932)

However, I'm confused on which particle to use for the noun in this sentence
pattern. For example:

From a Japanese children's book:

> こんなに大きなももはみたことがない。  
>  "I have never seen a peach as large as this."

Notice that it uses は after もも. Here is a second example from the cited
question.

> その歌{うた}を聞いたことがありません。  
>  "I have never heard that song before."

It uses を after うた.

Are both particles acceptable? Do they convey different meanings?
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particles particle-は particle-を
Topic は vs. direct object を for "I have never X"
Both versions are acceptable. The choice of particle shifts the emphasis
slightly.

> こんなに大きなももはみたことがない。

In both cases, こと is added after the verb to turn it into a noun meaning "the
experience of having done X". In this case みたこと is treated as a property of
the peach. Thus it stresses the action of seeing over the object of the peach.

Compare with the bolded English translation: "I've never **seen** such a big
peach before!"

> その歌を聞いたことがありません。

In this case, the use of を links the verb + こと to the song. As such we're not
talking about a property of the song in this case, but rather about the
experience of having heard the song. Thus the song remains in the foreground,
receiving emphasis.

Compare with the bolded English translation: "I've never heard **this song**
before!"
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I disagree with Kaji's analysis. While Kaji's is the textbook answer
concerning the question when _-wa_ is used, the explanation remains opaque.  
Rather there is a _-wa_ after _momo_ in the first example, because we can
assume that the speaker has, at some time, seen big peaches. The one referred
to in the sentence, however, is, among those seen, the biggest.  
That is not the case with the second example, though. I understand the
sentence to imply that the speaker hasn't heard that specific song before, but
not that s/he has NEVER heard **a song** before.  
So, the answer to your question is: yes, both particles are good, but they
imply different things about the noun to which they are attached.
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If you simply say "I have never heard that song before", the natural one is
その歌は聞いたことがない or その歌を聞いたことはない.

Since その歌を聞いたことがない appearantly lacks the topic part, it can be correct only
when it's (1) inversion of 聞いたことがないのはその歌だ (it's that song that I haven't
heard) or (2) a part of coherent sentences like 「その歌を聞いたことがない。それで…」
(interchangeable to その歌を聞いたことがないので) or 「わたしは・・・。・・・。その歌を聞いたことがない」.
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Combining Thomas's answer with Marcus's comment on the question, I think I've
got it, but neither response is really complete on its own. I'd like to
position the answer in the way that I'm thinking about it, so that I can (1)
make sure this is correct, and (2) help those who might think like me.

It's all about whether the noun feels like a direct object or a topic. If it's
something particular, a specific instance of an object, directly being acted
upon by a transitive verb, that's obviously a case for using を. "This song",
"those people", "the red car", etc.

If, on the other hand, the noun is more nebulous, not easily enumerated, it
might feel more like a topic.

OK, example time.

> その歌｛うた｝を聞｛き｝いたこと・・・  
>  the experience of listening to that **particular** song

を is the natural particle here because we're doing something to a particular
object (that song). Contrast and compare with the following sentences
involving 歌...

> その歌｛うた｝を聞｛き｝いた。  
>  listened to that song

Using を here is fine and natural. It's the normal phrasing.

> その歌｛うた｝は、聞｛き｝いた。  
>  regarding that song, (I have) listened to it

Using は here is grammatical, but would be odd to say out of context. Imagine
that two people are going through a bunch of songs. "concerning that song...
_[pause while thinking]_... I've heard it." It sounds fine in that context.

> 歌｛うた｝は聞｛き｝いたこと・・・  
>  the experience of listening to songs (in general)

Without a particular song in mind, 歌 can refer to songs in general. In this
case, は can work since "songs in general" feels like a topic. Or maybe more
importantly, "songs in general" isn't a direct object you can apply a
transitive verb to.

> その歌｛うた｝は聞｛き｝いたこと・・・  
>

I'm not sure how you'd translate this; it sounds odd to me. It sounds to me
like you'd separate it along the lines of: "concerning this song" ... "the
experience of having listened to it". The は almost forces a pause, for me.

It's kind of a roundabout way of getting there, but I think this is what
Marcus meant when he said 「こんなに大きな・・・」 is a setup for は. "a peach as big as
this" is more suited as a topic of a sentence. It's not referring to any one
peach, it's referring to a class of peaches.

> こんなに大｛おお｝きな桃｛もも｝をみた

Essentially, this sounds strange because を isn't attached to an object or set
of objects.
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