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_A Dictionary of Basic Japanese Grammar_ (ADoBJG) lists more than one を
particle. In particular:

  * On page 347, it lists **o** 1, _a particle which marks a direct object_.
  * On page 349, it lists **o** 2, _a particle which indicates a space in / on / across / through / along which s.o. or s.t. moves_.

The second particle, which I'll call **_directional を_** , appears to be used
quite differently from the **_direct object を_**. According to ADoBJG, the
directional を is used only with verbs of motion, which I think are generally
intransitive. For example, directional を appears in the phrase `空を飛ぶ`,
combining the intransitive verb of motion `飛ぶ` with an を-marked noun.

Since it's listed as a separate particle in ADoBJG, and since it behaves so
differently, and since it appears in different contexts from the other を, I've
always thought of directional を as a _separate particle_ which happens to be
_written and pronounced the same way_. However, in 国語辞典s such as [大辞林 and
大辞泉](http://kotobank.jp/word/%E3%82%92), both usages are listed under the same
entry. So I'm wondering how independent the two really are.

It seems to me that, because directional を appears with intransitive verbs,
and because direct object を appears with transitive verbs, the two occupy
separate syntactic slots. That makes me wonder if it's possible to take a
construction such as 空を飛ぶ, which uses the directional を, and turn it into a
transitive construction which _also_ takes the direct object を, such as
`◯◯を空を飛ばす`.

My thought is this: if they don't really occupy different slots, then this is
ungrammatical because of the _double-o constraint_ , which says that a single
verb phrase may have no more than one を-marked noun phrase. But if they _do_
occupy different slots, and they're really different particles, then you
should be able to create a single verb phrase containing both.

I'm not sure my `◯◯を空を飛ばす` example is very good. (It's supposed to mean _"send
◯◯ flying through the air"_.) But if it's possible to create a grammatical
example combining both directional を and direct object を, I would like to
know, regardless of whether my particular example is very good.

**Is it possible to create such a construction?**
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question
grammar particle-を
Do "direct object を" and "directional を" occupy the same slot?
I posed this question to a native Japanese speaker. Her response was that even
though to an English speaker the `を` in

> ボールを投げる

and the `を` in

> 道を歩く

may seem different, to a Japanese speaker they are exactly the same. In both
cases, `を` marks the direct object, not in some vague grammatical sense of the
term, but in the very tangible sense that the object is _directly acted upon_
by the subject.

For a Japanese speaker, the `道` in

> 道を歩く

is not a piece of background scenery that the subject of the sentence simply
floats past on their way from point A to point B; rather, it is tread on,
pushed, even kicked, by the subject's feet.

For an English speaker, this is a rather alien concept, but for a Japanese
speaker, to walk along a road is to _act on_ the road. `を` serves one
function: marking the direct object.

* * *

**Update:** Searching the web, I find
[results](http://questionbox.jp.msn.com/qa1532140.html) that
[contradict](http://detail.chiebukuro.yahoo.co.jp/qa/question_detail/q1268761667)
my original answer. 「投げる」 is a transitive verb (他動詞) while 「歩く」 is
intransitive (自動詞), _even when used with 「を」_ (as an aside, this is unlike the
verb "walk" in English, which can be either transitive or intransitive).
According to these sources, when 「を」 is used with a 自動詞, it does _not_ mark
the direct object, as a 自動詞 cannot take a direct object.

I found an entire [100-page paper on the subject of
「を+自動詞」](http://ir.lib.pccu.edu.tw/retrieve/48248/3664_gsweb.pdf) which looks
fascinating, but I have yet to read. Today I also intend to ask the opinion of
two more native speakers, both Japanese teachers.

Finally, the Japanese [wiktionary
page](http://ja.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E3%82%92) on `を` **directly answers your
question** :

> 用法  
>  一つの単文の中で、をは一つしか使われない。従って目的語と経路のをは共存できない。  
>  馬（うま）を通（とお）す。  
>  門（もん）を通す。  
>  *馬を門を通す。 (誤り)
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answer
First, I agree with the answer given by
[ThisSuitIsBlackNot](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/users/3794/thissuitisblacknot)
in that people do not distinguish between the two uses of を.

Now back to the original question:

> Is it possible to create such a construction?

No.

道を走る is OK. 人を走らせる is OK. 人を道を走らせる is not OK, because it is not clear who is
being compelled to run.

Both 人に道を走らせる and 道で人を走らせる make sense though.
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