Can the wa particle replace de, ni, wo, or he?

Take the following sentence:

> Watashi ga Sakura ni Booru wo Koen de Nageru

Can I do this instead:

> Booru wa Watashi ga Sakura ni Koen de Nageru

> Sakura wa Watashi ga Booru wo Koen de Nageru

> Koen wa Watashi ga Sakura ni Booru wo Nageru

> Watashi wa Sakura ni Booru wo Koen de Nageru

If I can, then what impact does it have on the sentence? My current idea is
that ga is more emphasis than wa, but wa is more emphasis than ni, de, wo.

Also, for the particles he and ni:

> Koen ni iku

> Koen he iku

> Koen wa iku

Can I do this? I feel like this is wrong, since ni and he aren't easily told
apart in this context, so wa may be too vague. But if it is okay, then what
does it mean?
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2021-12-01T20:37:37.147
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question
particles particle-は
Particle Emphasis
The most neutral-sounding sentence would be:

> [私]{わたし} **は** [公園]{こうえん}で さくらに ボールを [投]{な}げる。  
>  _Watashi **wa** kōen de Sakura ni bōru o nageru._

私 being the topicalized subject, this sentence states what the speaker will
do. No particular emphasis is placed on any part of it, although, depending on
the context or the way it is said, the sentence may put what the speaker will
do in contrast to what other people will do.

The subject marker が needs to be restored when the topic marker は is removed.
In other words, when a subject is topicalized, が is replaced with は.

> 私 **が** 公園で さくらに ボールを 投げる。  
>  _Watashi **ga** kōen de Sakura ni bōru o nageru._

This sentence emphasizes the fact that it is the speaker, not other people,
who will throw a ball to Sakura in the park.

Other parts of the sentence may be taken out as the topic and moved up to the
top, but you need to be careful what to do with the original particle.

When what is marked with を is topicalized, を is replaced with は, just like が
is.

> ボール **は** 私が 公園で さくらに 投げる。  
>  _Bōru **wa** watashi ga kōen de Sakura ni nageru._

This sentence talks about what will happen to the ball, which is promoted as a
common topic between the speaker and the listener. The listener is expected to
already know what ball is referred to. As the speaker, when you have to single
out the ball as the topic like that, you most probably have something else in
mind with which you specifically put the ball into contrast. For example, you
or someone else might take some other action with a bat or a glove, but as far
as the ball is concerned, you will throw it to Sakura in the park.

Other particles are usually retained, and は is added after them, when what is
marked with them is topicalized.

> 公園 **では** 私が さくらに ボールを 投げる。  
>  _Kōen **dewa** watashi ga Sakura ni bōru o nageru._

This sentence talks about what will happen in the park, which is singled out
as the topic as opposed to other places. Some other action might be taken in
those other places, but if you limit the place to the park, you will throw a
ball to Sakura there.

> さくら **には** 私が 公園で ボールを 投げる。  
>  _Sakura **niwa** watashi ga kōen de bōru o nageru._

This sentence talks about what will be done to Sakura. Other people might
become targets of some other action, but as for Sakura, you will throw a ball
to her in the park.

に is practically mandatory in the last sentence above because, without it,
what function さくら plays in the sentence would be unclear. In fact, removing に
from the original sentence would result in a sentence that doesn't make sense
(if not understood differently).

> 私が 公園で さくら ボールを 投げる。  
>  _Watashi ga kōen de Sakura bōru o nageru._

However, this is not always the case. The following three sentences are all
understood as meaning the same: you may not go to other places but you do go
to the park.

> 公園 **には** 行く。  
>  _Kōen **niwa** iku_.
>
> 公園 **へは** 行く。  
>  _Kōen **ewa** iku_.
>
> 公園 **は** 行く。  
>  _Kōen **wa** iku_.

The reason に or へ is optional in this case is that, 行く being a motion verb
that typically requires a destination, 公園 is understood as indicating that
even if it is not marked with に or へ. Though not quite grammatical, the
following sentence is at least unambiguous.

> 公園 行く。  
>  _Kōen iku_.
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2021-12-02T06:19:47.693
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answer