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The full context of the first original phrase is:

> 「・・・浦島{うらしま}さん、・・・浦島さん」と、誰かが呼{よ}ぶ声｛こえ｝がします。

I was just wondering, why is 声がする in the sentence when there is already 呼ぶ? Or
rather, what would be wrong with replacing 呼ぶ声がします with 呼びます?
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verbs
Difference between 呼ぶ声がします and 呼びます
So, in this case 呼ぶ声 is meant to be taken as a sort-of participle which means
"a calling voice"/"a voice calling out". So the basic translation of what the
sentence is - "'Urashima-san, Urashima-san', someone's voice called." You
could use just "呼びます", the difference is mostly a stylistic one. Japanese uses
"がします/する" instead of the literal verb, "call" in this case, to give the
sentence a matter-of-fact feeling.
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> 「・・・浦島さん、・・・浦島さん」と、誰かが **呼ぶ声がします** 。

> 「・・・浦島さん、・・・浦島さん」と、誰かが **呼びます** 。

Both are _grammatically_ correct.

In the former, 声がします expresses/implies that someone's voice came toward the
main character (浦島太郎 here) and he hears it.

So the latter is just:

> Someone called, "Urashima-san, Urashima-san..."

while the original sounds more like:

> Taro heard someone's voice calling him, "Urashima-san, Urashima-san..."

* * *

The する here means "to sense/perceive".

> ［声・音・におい・香り・味・感じ・[気]{き} etc.］ + がする

is used to mean "to sense/perceive [voice, sound, smell, taste, feeling,
etc.]"

eg

> 「声がする」 _hear a voice_  
>  「～の音がする」 _hear the sound of ~_  
>  「～のにおいがする」 _smell ~_

For more on this usage of する, you can refer to these threads:

  * [「〜がする」 the extended use of する (to do)](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/17850/9831)
  * [How do I use がする? (ex: いい香りがする)](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/11186/9831)
  * [What does する mean when it does not mean "do"? （血のにおいがする）](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/2289/9831)
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