Trying to get a grasp of how to use the word **豊富な** , I found a phrase saying
「タンパク質が豊富な」 from a Japanese website. I’m not sure if が must be used for it to
be correctly mean “protein-rich” or “rich in protein” And then there’s my own
phrase: 「豊富なタンパク質」. If I mean “abundant protein”, is this correct?

**EDIT:** The full sentence is "タンパク質が豊富な食材13選"
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2018-01-25T15:09:19.847
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relative-clauses
Does「豊富なタンパク質」 mean “abundant protein” and「タンパク質が豊富な」mean “rich in protein”?
I don't know where you found the phrase, but if you know about "conjugated
part ending" of Japanese, you also know that "な" of the word of "豊富な" is used
when the word is before some noun. It's called "attributive form." If you
can't find noun after the word "豊富な," it must be omitted. You can infer what
the noun is by reading context.

So the answers: Both expressions you proposed can be correct and “abundant
protein” is also able to be translated into "豊富なタンパク質."

And you've questioned about "が," haven't you? "が" is one of Japanese
postpositions, "joshi," that means the noun before itself is subject, and also
you can use it to supplement noun with verb, like "relative pronoun." So
precisely, "タンパク質が豊富な食材" is "ingredients which is protein-rich" or
"ingredients which is rich in protein." This is the closest expression for
this Japanese phrase, I think.
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豊富 is a rather simple na-adjective meaning _abundant_ , and you can say both
豊富なタンパク質 and タンパク質が豊富な食材, just as you can say the following:

  * 綺麗な人 a beautiful person
  * 心が綺麗な人 a person with beautiful heart
  * 有名な人 a famous person
  * 絵が有名な人 a person whose paintings are famous
  * 必要なお金 money needed
  * お金が必要な人 a person who needs money

Grammatically, these ～が～な form [relative
clauses](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/14550/5010) that modify a noun.
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