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As mentioned in [this
post](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/25243/what-is-the-
explanation-for-the-archaic-attributive-particle-%E3%81%8C-becoming-a-modern),

> が started as an attributive case particle, became a subject particle, and
> then turned into a conjunctive particle.

and in modern Japanese it has its main uses as both a conjunctive particle and
a subject marker.

While the answer in that question covers its evolution from an attributive
particle to a subject particle, how did the use as a conjunctive particle
arise? If anything, I would expect "wa" to have evolved as the conjunctive
particle instead of "ga" since it already plays a role in contrastive nuance.
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question
grammar particles particle-が history
Evolution of が (ga) particle: How did use as conjunctive arise from use as a subject marker
I would direct you to 'A History of the Japanese Language' (Frellesvig, 2010,
p245) to see an explanation with examples. I must admit that his explanation
is rather technical, but I have tried to paraphrase below.

According to the above source, the usage of が as a conjunctional particle
emerged in Early Middle Japanese (EMJ). As you mention, が had previously been
used as a subject marker. This subject marker function evolved to apply to
cases in which a sentence had two clauses, one of which was a "headless
nominalized clause" ([a type of relative
clause](https://lsa2009.berkeley.edu/alt8/epps_abstract.pdf)). Where が would
previously have marked a noun head as the subject, it began to mark these
headless clauses. Frellesvig claims that we can interpret the usage in two
ways: (a) as が functioning to mark a type of relative clause, or (b) as が
joining two coordinate clauses. It is (b) which we recognize as the
conjunctive marker function that we see in Modern Japanese.
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answer