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I know that you can use ご～いただく toward "clients" (which is something I've never
really understood; maybe better as a question of its own) such as
ご来店いただき、まことにありがとうございます ("Thank you (customer) for coming to our store").

Following this logic, I know you can express "can" with ご～いただけます. However, the
normal keigo pattern ご～になる would then (also) morph into ご～になれます. I've heard
both in practical situations, but I'm very confused as to the nuances of when
to use which.

For example, I'm currently translating a software help file, which is directed
toward the end user. If I want to say, "you can see X", I'm not sure if I
should say ご覧いただけます or ご覧になれます.

タスケテ！
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word-choice grammar nuances keigo
ご～いただけます vs. ご～になれます
These phrases are about politely telling someone they "can do" or are "allowed
to do" an action. I like to think of it as the action "is available to you".

Many people misunderstand this basic point (@istrasci: I know you get this). I
am only mentioning it because even native speakers frequently use incorrect
keigo forms (oh, and so do I, but I looked this one up).

According to the 正しい日本語会 (The Association for Correct Japanese ... I kid you
not), the correct core usage of ご〜いただける is derived from 〜していただける.

So based on this, ご覧頂けます is technically incorrect, because you can't even
notionally construct ご覧していただけます。Therefore ご覧になれます is the correct form.

Language is constantly changing. Once incorrect, deviant usages become
acceptable and even commonly used, as is the case with ご覧頂けます. Heck, in my
Japanese study lifetime 三階 has gone from being commonly pronounced as 「さんがい」
to 「さんかい」 by many people under 40. So with something as misunderstood as
keigo, it's no surprise!

To help future readers of this answer work their way through this one, look at
the following illustrative derivations:

「ダウンロードいただけます」derives from「ダウンロード **して** いただけます」

「ご利用いただけます」derives from「利用 **して** いただけます」

Ref: <http://www.tackns.net/word/itadake_masu.html>
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Although @crunchyt provides a helpful answer about the `ご～いただけます` form, it
didn't answer my original question about comparing the two forms. I knew I had
this somewhere and I finally found it. If you have a copy of `続弾！問題な日本語`
dictionary, it contains an article for exactly this question. I'll summarize
it for you:

`ご～になれます` is grammatically **correct**. `ご～いただけます` is grammatically
**incorrect** to use toward "clients" since it is really 謙譲語, but it is
**WIDELY USED** if you want to say

  1. The "client" is able to do the action
  2. The client is doing something useful/beneficial for you by doing the action
  3. You want to show respect for the client
  4. You want to put the focus of the statement on the client, and/or
  5. You don't want the client to feel obliged or compelled to do the action.

I can't find the actual `続弾！問題な日本語` entry online anywhere, but here are
several links talking about this.

  * <http://roverandom.blog52.fc2.com/blog-entry-693.html>  

  * <http://uuair.lib.utsunomiya-u.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/10241/6875/1/KJ00004824238.pdf>  

  * <http://gabacho.reto.jp/whims/whim0122.html>
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