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For example I find myself saying things like:

> What did you win, bro?

I could leave out the "bro" and the sentence would be complete but I
unconsciously add emphasis with the subject again because it's the way I
speak.

In a conversation, would it be okay to do the same in Japanese for emphasis as
well? Something like:

> 何を当てるの[兄貴]{あにき}?

I'm unsure since in Japanese you can omit the subject altogether. Or maybe it
just doesn't sound or translate the same, thoughts?
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2014-09-25T14:47:15.040
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2014-09-25T23:50:17.387
2014-09-25T19:01:54.957
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question
grammar
Repeating subject for emphasis okay?
As virmaior said in the comments, "bro" in this sentence is a vocative - it's
used to address "bro". It's not the subject of the sentence. The subject of
the English sentence is "you".

Vocatives' natural position is at the end or beginning of a sentence. In
writing, you usually put a comma to separate it. When speaking, you make a
short pause.

Thus

> What did you win, bro?

to me looks better written as

> 何が当たったの、兄貴?

(Note, I changed the structure of the sentence based on 非回答者's comment below.)

As for omitting or adding a vocative, yes, you can use it or not, not very
dissimilar to English:

> 何が当たったの、兄貴? What did you win, bro?
>
> 兄貴、何が当たったの? Bro, what did you win?
>
> 何が当たったの? What did you win?
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answer