Ch.16 of the textbook 中級から学ぶ日本語 introduces the ～と、 structure, with this
example:

> 早{はや}く花{はな}がさくように **と、** 毎日水{まいにちみず}をやっている。

Without the と particle I would read this as 'I water the flowers everyday so
that they bloom quickly' as per the verb+ように structure.

I'm inclined to think that this is the と which has the 思って, 言って, 感じて omitted
(per A Dictionary of Intermediate Grammar p.464) but I can't see how or why
any of those three verbs would apply to the above sentence.

The exercise for this structure wants us to complete some sentences, these are
two of them, noting that one of them is かと:

> 少しでもやせられる **ようにと** 、＿＿＿＿＿  
>  いつ帰ってくる **かと** 、＿＿＿＿＿
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question
grammar
verb+ようにと、 or verb+かと、
Whenever you suspect a quotative 「と」, it would often help understand the
sentence better if you actually put the supposedly quoted phrase in real or
imaginary parentheses _**AND**_ insert a verb after the と that you feel might
have been implied by the author or speaker.

> [早]{はや}く[花]{はな}がさくように **と** 、[毎日水]{まいにちみず}をやっている。
>
> = 『早く花がさくように』 **と** 、毎日水をやっている。
>
> = 『早く花がさくように』 **と** （[思]{おも}って、[願]{ねが}って, etc）、毎日水をやっている。

Despite your statement, 「思う = to think」 does fit there and so does 「願う = to
hope」. 「[祈]{いの}る = to pray」 would probably be too much. 「思う」 in Japanese can
contain the nuance of "to hope" depending on the context and this sentence
belongs to such context.

「[感]{かん}じる」 does not fit.

「[言]{い}う」 would fit if the speaker actually uttered「早く花がさくように！」 when s/he
watered the plant everyday.

> = "I water the plants everyday hoping they bloom soon."

If you meant to ask us to do the exercize at the bottom, here are a few
examples.

> [少]{すこ}しでもやせられる **ようにと** 、____________。 Again, the verb implied after the
> 「と」would be 思い、思って、願って, etc. 「～～ように」 means "so that ~~". = "so that I could
> get as slim as possible."

Suggestions for the last half:

> 毎日2[時間歩]{じかんある}いています / デザートを[食]{た}べないようにしています / ビールをやめました, etc.

Finally,

> いつ[帰]{かえ}ってくる **かと** 、＿＿＿＿＿＿。 The verb implied here would be 思い or 思って. 願う
> is not possible because it is about "when someone would return", not
> "someone returns soon". 「か」 must be used when a question word is used. In
> this case, the question word is 「いつ」.

Possible phrases for the last half:

> ワクワクしています / [心配]{しんぱい}しています / [楽]{たの}しみにしています, etc.
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answer