I was asked this question and was not sure 100% about how to answer.

As I understand, in XようにY X is a state/event that is beyond the control of the
subject Y (a certain consequence X will arise as the result of an action Y),
while in XためにY, X is an action that can be controlled by the subject of Y.

In some cases then, ~ように and ~ために are interchangeable, such as in the
following excample:

  1. 学生が勉強する{ために/ように}、先生は毎日宿題を出します。

In this case we can use either of the two since the subject of the main clause
(the teacher) is different from that of the subordinate (the students).
Therefore, he/she cannot necessarily control the action in the subordinate.

However, given rules above in the following example only ~ために can be used:

  2. 新しい車を買う{ために/ **X** ように}、お金を貯めています。

(With the **X** mark to indicate that it would be wrong).

The question I was not sure how to answer was: "What if instead of 買う with
conjugate using 買える and say:

2': 新しい車を買えるように、お金を貯めています。

Would this be correct?"

(Notice that there is no question here about 買えるために).

I think that this makes sense, and it sounds correct to me, but somehow
reading the grammar rules confused me a little bit (Maybe 車 **が** would be
more correct, as a comment made me think). I would appreciate a confirmation.
Thanks.
CC BY-SA 3.0
2016-07-12T04:29:55.200
36593
2016-07-13T04:29:50.577
2016-07-12T05:21:10.373
14205
14205
question
grammar nuances
On the interchangeability of ~ように and ~ために
新しい車を買える **ように** 、お金を貯めています。  
This usage of ように is familiar to me.

新しい車を買える **ために** 、お金を貯めています。  
I'm not so sure about this one though, sounds a bit off.
CC BY-SA 3.0
2016-07-12T04:43:52.990
36595
2016-07-12T04:43:52.990
7055
36593
answer
This ように is used as a direction of someone, so I think a potential verb is
used like 買えるように. 買うように is used like 私は彼に本を買うように言った(I told him to buy a book.)

This ために is used as reason, so I think a normal verb is used like 買うために.

So:

> 新しい車を **買えるように** 、お金を貯めています  
>  and  
>  新しい車を **買うために** 、お金を貯めています

are more natural than:

> 新しい車を **買うように** 、お金を貯めています  
>  and  
>  新しい車を **買えるために** 、お金を貯めています

In addition, a potential verb with が is more common than the one with を like:

車 **が** 買える ＞ 車 **を** 買える.
CC BY-SA 3.0
2016-07-12T06:16:03.590
36598
2016-07-13T04:29:50.577
2016-07-13T04:29:50.577
9831
7320
36593
answer