For some context, according to
[wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_particles), the following
serve as examples of 副助詞:

> Adverbial particles (副助詞, fuku-joshi) ばかり, まで, だけ, ほど, くらい, など, なり, やら

**Question:** Why are adverbial particles (副助詞) called "adverbial" (副詞)
particles?

Is it that all of these sorts of particles can combine with nouns (or noun
phrases) to form adverbs (副詞)? Is _that_ the defining feature of what it means
to be an 副助詞?

E.g.

> **りんごばかり** 食べています。

Here りんごばかり ("only apples") is acting as an adverbial phrase which modifies
食べています?

* * *

**EDIT:** I am also trying to understand the dictionary definition of 副助詞 from
[goo](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/word/%E5%89%AF%E5%8A%A9%E8%A9%9E/):

> ふく‐じょし【副助詞】 の解説
>
> 助詞の一。種々の語に付き、それらの語にある意味を添えて、副詞のように下の **用言や活用連語**
> を修飾・限定する類の助詞。現代語では「さえ」「まで」「ばかり」「だけ」「ほど」「くらい（ぐらい）」「など」「やら」など、古語では「だに」「すら」「さへ」「のみ」「ばかり」「など」「まで」など。

However this part is confusing me:

> 副詞のように下の **用言や活用連語** を修飾

If I'm reading this correctly, 副助詞 can only come after 用言や活用連語 (conjugatable
words) to form something that is adverbial? But can't 副助詞 come after pure
nouns (as in 「りんごばかり」, where りんご is a non-conjugatable word) to form adverbial
phrases too? If that's the case, why is the definition emphasizing 用言や活用連語
here?
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question
particles adverbs adverbial
Why are 副助詞 called "adverbial" particles?
In basic terms, a 副助詞【ふくじょし】 (adverbial particle) is a 助詞【じょし】 (particle) that
acts like a 副詞【ふくし】 (adverb).

> > 副詞のように下の **用言や活用連語** を修飾
>
> If I'm reading this correctly, 副助詞 can only come after 用言や活用連語 (conjugatable
> words) to form something that is adverbial?

You're not reading this correctly.

The 「下の」 refers to the _following_ 用言【ようげん】や活用連語【かつようれんご】 (inflecting word or
conjugating phrase), which these particles 修飾【しゅうしょく】 (modify or qualify).

The earlier bit says what these 副助詞【ふくじょし】 attach to:

> 種々【しゅじゅ】の語【ご】に付【つ】き、  
>  _attaches to various words,_

> But can't 副助詞 come after pure nouns (as in 「りんごばかり」, where りんご is a non-
> conjugatable word) to form adverbial phrases too?

Yes, these can come after nouns, as in your example.

> If that's the case, why is the definition emphasizing 用言や活用連語 here?

I hope the explanation further above suffices.
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answer