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So が , the subject particle, can be used to denote objects, but still carries
the nuance of the subject.

For example...

Verbal nominal adjectives

> カレーが好き(I like curry) : (curry is likable[for me])

Potential verbs

> この宿題が出来る (I can do this homework) : (homework is doable [by me])

Resultant state

> 鉛筆が出してある (I bring out pencil) : (Pencil has been placed[ready to use])

But also can be used for desire?

> 君の名前が知りたい (I want to know your name) : (your name is the one I want to
> know)???

Why not を is used? I'm surprised to see が being used here.
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question
grammar particle-が
How が becomes the object marker for desire(~たい)
Your stumbling block is there's no English expression that really works for
君の名前が知りたい ("Your name is want-to-learnable [for me]" would be a crude version
of it). But it's not that different to the other examples you mention.

～たい conjugates the same way as an i-adjective and basically is one. In the
same way that 私は熊が怖い means 'I am scared of bears' (or 'bears are scary for
me') or カレーが好きだ means 'I like curry' (or 'curry is likeable for me'),
君の名前が知りたい means 'I am wanting to know your name' or 'your name is the thing I
want to know').

So why use が instead of を? In all of your examples the が moves emphasis away
from the topic and makes it more of a passive thing. You are not responsible
for your own desires, you don't "do" them, they just happen by themselves. So
が is the natural choice of particle.

That said, recently Japanese people also use を with たい in sentences like
ラーメンを食べたい or 〇〇を知りたい. There is some debate about when this is natural and when
it isn't, but it's more common for younger speakers to use it, and emphasises
the act of desire more than the thing being desired.
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answer