My motivation behind this question is that I want to translate the Chinese
word "学妹" into Japanese. 学妹, as you probably have guessed already, refers to a
female 後輩. A male 先輩 is 学长，female 先輩 is 学姐，male 後輩 is 学弟. However, it seems
impossible to be gender specific when using 先輩 or 後輩, since these word
encompass both genders. So what is the appropriate, natural word for a female
後輩?

Edit: Sometimes, 学妹 can be used flirtatiously. That is, sometimes, you can be
more flirtatious by calling the girl 学妹 instead of using her name or
something. I cannot find the word that has this usage in Japanese, so that's a
better explanation of my motivation.
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word-requests
Is there a gender-specific way of using 先輩 or 後輩?
In my impression, Japanese people around me call younger friends by nickname
or 〜ちゃん, 〜さん, 〜くん. The difference of the way you call someone depends on the
people’s relationship. As to sempai, we call them 〜先輩 or 〜さん, 〜くん.
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2018-10-21T13:10:06.733
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I'm not aware of any single word for that concept. Normally you have to say
後輩の男の子, 先輩の女性, etc. If you're specifically interested in that "flirtatious"
connotation, I've seen 妹/姉 used in a similar way [at least in
fiction](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria-sama_ga_Miteru), which should be
rare in real life.
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2018-10-22T03:54:20.083
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The simple answer is 'No'.

Sorry if that seems like a disappointing answer, but there just isn't a way to
distinguish between male and female for the words 「後輩」and「先輩」.

If you want to address a female 後輩, it depends on your relationship with her.
But simply using the standard ～さん after her name is perfectly natural. If you
are on closer terms you might consider dropping the title (呼び捨て）and just using
her name, but that really depends on the nature of your relationship with her.
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