After reading an answer on this site about some particulars of particle usage,
I recently got a copy of _The Structure of the Japanese Language_ by Kuno. It
has been an interesting read, although the copyright of the book is dated 1973
and the last printing (as far as the copy of the book I have is concerned) is
1980.

In the chapter for "Place Particles" を、に、で, the author doesn't seem to include
へ in even a footnote, which is strange considering there were forty something
pages dedicated to contrasting は and が.

The usage of を, according to the book, is to indicate unidirectionality over a
major portion or dimension of the noun, and に is to indicate that the goal of
the motion is the destination, and they are not entirely interchangeable as
far as grammatical correctness is concerned. The above usage of seems similar
to を that I've seen elsewhere of へ.

I am curious to know:

  1. How similar are を and へ particles in the above context?

  2. Is を commonly used nowadays in the above context?

  3. How long has へ been in use in the above context? I'm not sure how to find a good source on this, either.

Edit: An example from the book, using the (Nihon-Shiki, I think) spelling
present there

```

    a. miti o aruku 'to walk along the street'
    
    b. miti ni aruku 'to walk to the street'
    
    c. miti de aruku 'to walk on the street (probably back and forth, and across)'
    
```
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2023-05-19T17:50:24.283
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2023-05-20T15:13:53.437
2023-05-20T15:13:53.437
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question
particles history direction
How long has へ been a replacement for に in indicating direction? Is it similar to を in that context?