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逃げる以外 **に** 方法がない。

逃げる以外 **で** 方法がない。

I know the sentence means roughly 'There is no other way except to run away'
(per this site; <https://www.japaneseforbeginners.info/2016/07/igai.html>),
but I don't understand what would be the difference in alternating between
these two particles. Can't they both 'adverbialize' a noun? I just want to
better understand the nuance between で and に when they are modifying a verb.
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2020-04-16T02:08:47.763
76618
2020-04-16T03:09:49.703
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question
に-and-で
Is there a difference in using で and に in these two example sentences?
When a word takes で even without 以外, it still takes で with 以外:

  * 現金以外で支払えますか？
  * 東京以外で働きたい。
  * 炊飯器以外でお米を炊く方法

Notice that we can say 現金で支払う, 東京で働く, 炊飯器でお米を炊く. This explains 病気などの理由以外で, too
(理由 safely takes で).

* * *

Next, what about 逃げる以外で? 逃げるで of course makes no sense because 逃げる is not even
a noun. This type of で is a kind of condition marker, and 逃げる以外で sounds like
you are imposing some constraint on your request/question. Something like this
is perfectly fine:

  * 逃げる以外で何か方法はありますか？ (逃げる以外に is also fine)
  * 逃げる以外で対策を考えよう。 (逃げる以外に is acceptable but less natural)
  * お勧めの観光地を教えてください。京都以外で。 (京都以外に sounds weird)

However, in your case, the sentence is not asking for something in the first
place, so 逃げる以外に方法がない sounds more natural to me. Other examples where に is
more appropriate:

  * 大学に入ったら運転免許以外にノートPCも欲しい。(運転免許以外で is acceptable but less natural)
  * 日本語を学ぶなら漢字を覚える以外にない。(漢字を覚える以外でない is wrong)
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2020-04-16T03:09:49.703
76619
2020-04-16T03:09:49.703
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answer