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From Basho:

> 蓮池や折らでそのまま玉祭

I have the impression that 折らで would be 折らないで without ない. If that's the case
is it an artistic choice or some obscure grammar?
CC BY-SA 4.0
2019-02-20T17:20:17.753
65597
2019-02-22T13:50:31.367
2019-02-22T13:50:31.367
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question
grammar classical-japanese literature
Meaning of 折らで in a haiku
In classical Japanese, で after an irrealis-form (未然形) means ないで in modern
Japanese. So 折らで means 折らないで or "without snapping off".

> ### [で](https://kobun.weblio.jp/content/%E3%81%A7)
>
> 接続助詞
>
> 《接続》活用語の未然形に付く。 **〔打消の接続〕…ないで。…ずに。**

This で is surviving as part of
[ならでは](https://japanesetest4you.com/flashcard/learn-
jlpt-n1-grammar-%E3%81%AA%E3%82%89%E3%81%A7%E3%81%AF-nara-dewa/)
(etymologically, copula-なり + で + contrastive-は → "unless so", "if it were not"
→ "unique to", "found only in")
CC BY-SA 4.0
2019-02-20T18:09:14.710
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2019-02-21T02:27:21.440
2019-02-21T02:27:21.440
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answer