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ごみわべつのふくろにいれます(Gomi wa betsu no fukuro ni iremasu)

べつのふくろにごみおいれます (Betsu no fukuro ni gomi o iremasu)

ごみおべつのふくろにいれます(Gomi o betsu no fukuro ni iremasu)

Which if not all, is appropriate?
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2016-04-26T13:57:46.903
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2016-04-26T18:10:46.833
2016-04-26T15:09:01.600
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question
grammar particle-は particle-を
Using お or わ (wa or o)
All of these sentences are grammatically almost correct, but you should use を
instead of お for the particle _o_ , and you should use は instead of わ for the
particle _wa_.

Here are the corrected sentences:

>   1. ごみはべつのふくろにいれます。
>   2. べつのふくろにごみをいれます。
>   3. ごみをべつのふくろにいれます。
>

Sentence 1 uses the topic marker _wa_ instead of _o_ , and the sentence sounds
like you're describing some general things about garbage. The sentence can be
typically used when you're explaining to someone how to separate waste in your
town. "I/You/etc (always have to) put garbage into a different bag."

Sentences 2 and 3 are almost the same, but what comes first tends to be
focused more strongly. Typically, these sentences can be used when you are
describing what you have to do now: "I (will / am expected to) put (this)
garbage into a different bag (now)."
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2016-04-26T17:53:09.870
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answer
Good points from naruto. I'll try to add some thoughts on why using topic-
marker 'wa' is even possible.

'Wo' marks the direct object in the sentence. So the most vanilla way of
saying "I put the garbage in a different bag" is:

```

    ごみをべつのふくろにいれます。
    
```

This is the no-frills, plain-Jane version of this sentence.

To go to the next step, we need to review that Japanese has the really cool
property of not requiring objects to be explicitly present if they are already
understood. So the sentence

```

    べつのふくろにいれます。
    
```

is also totally correct, and means "I put **it** in a different bag." Notice
that in the English, we have demoted our direct object to the placeholder word
"it." It's still there, but just barely. In English, we have to keep a
placeholder because word order is very important. However, in Japanese, the
direct object can simply be eliminated.

The particle 'wa' marks a topic, and that topic is really kind of off in its
own world. It doesn't really directly contribute to the subject-object-verb
main structure of the sentence. It merely offers a topic for consideration.

So we can understand the 'wa' sentence to work more like this:

```

    ごみは・・・べつのふくろにいれます。
    
```

Structurally, you can understand this as being extremely similar to the
English "Now when it comes to the garbage...I put it in a different bag."

Notice that the direct object of this English sentence is actually still the
placeholder word "it," **not** "garbage." What did we put in the bag? **It.**
We put it. What's it? Well, the speaker took pains to direct our attention to
the topic of garbage, so that's what it must be.

This is precisely what is happening in the Japanese.

Why would a person structure the sentence this way when you could just
explicitly mark the object with 'wo'? As naruto points out, this is a pattern
used for certain kinds of explaining. You can kind of feel something similar
in our English examples. If you say, "Now when it comes to the garbage, I put
it in a different bag," it sounds like you're explaining some kind of general
principal, or perhaps you're trying to draw a distinction from some other
bagged items. ("The compost, I put here, but as for the garbage, I put it
here.") At any rate, something special is going on, something that that the
speaker wants to draw our attention to in a way that is different from a plain
vanilla "I put the garbage in a different bag."

Hope that helps!
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answer