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> 俺一人に琥珀さんと翡翠をかまわせているのも申し訳ないから、とりあえず二人にはもとの仕事に戻ってもらった。

I am pretty sure it's the causative form here since the causative-passive
would require 俺一人 to be marked with は.

I am not sure why 俺一人 is marked with に instead of を though.

I understand the meaning of the sentence, it's just that i do not understand
why the particles are like that.

Shouldn't it be

> 俺一人 **を** 琥珀さんと翡翠 **に** かまわせているのも申し訳ないから、とりあえず二人にはもとの仕事に戻ってもらった。
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question
grammar causation
Causative, causative-passive and particles
構【かま】う (= "care about", "mind", "worry about") can be used in the forms of
both "～ **に** 構う" (intransitively) and "～ **を** 構う" (transitively).

For example, you can both say 「俺はお前 **に** 構っている暇がない」 and 「俺はお前 **を**
構っている暇がない」, and they're semantically the same! According to [BCCWJ
Corpus](http://pj.ninjal.ac.jp/corpus_center/bccwj/), "～に構う" is roughly three
times more common than "～を構う".

You seem to know how to make causative forms from both intransitive and
transitive verbs, but [here's the
summary](http://thejapanesepage.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=15666#p171340).
[This question](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/3624/5010) helps, too.

The causative version of "SがVする" is "SをVさせる" if V is an _intransitive_ verb
that does not take を. So:

> 琥珀さんと翡翠 **が** 俺一人 **に** かまっている (かまう here is _intransitive_ )  
>  → 琥珀さんと翡翠 **を** 俺一人 **に** かまわせている (using causative form)  
>  → 俺一人 **に** 琥珀さんと翡翠 **を** かまわせている (swapping word order)

The causative version of "SがOをVする" is "SにOをVさせる" if V is a _transitive_ verb.
So:

> 琥珀さんと翡翠 **が** 俺一人 **を** かまっている (かまう here is _transitive_ )  
>  → 琥珀さんと翡翠 **に** 俺一人 **を** かまわせている (using causative form)  
>  → 俺一人 **を** 琥珀さんと翡翠 **に** かまわせている (swapping word order)

In conclusion, the original sentence and your suggestion are both valid, and
sound equally natural to me.
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answer