I'm studying Japanese on my own using mostly Tae Kim's Grammar Guide and
wasabi-jpn and I want to know which of these functions applies to そうだ, because
it gets really confusing when comparing topics from different sources that say
different things:

  1. Judgments based on appearances: To express that you are guessing attributes based on appearances: 田中さんは元気そうだった。
  2. To indicate a likely outcome given the situation / to express the possibility of an event to happen: バランスが崩れて、一瞬倒れそうだった。
  3. To express an indication or perceived situations: 赤ちゃんはもう寝そうですね
  4. Judgments based on other people’s information (hearsay): 明日、学校は休みだそうだ 。
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2022-11-07T05:57:13.670
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2022-11-07T16:00:58.970
2022-11-07T16:00:58.970
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question
grammar usage word-usage
Which of these functions really belongs to そうだ?