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なります is an intransitive verb, but it could either be volitional or non-
volitional, right? Please see the below examples; are they correct?

> 日本語が上手に **なるように** 、毎日勉強しています。(なります is non-volitional)
>
> 弁護士に **なるために** 、法律を勉強しています。(なります is volitional)
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2019-06-22T07:36:16.757
68991
2020-12-31T11:56:47.433
2020-06-17T08:18:27.500
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question
grammar verbs
なります intransitive verb - volitional/non-volitional
By "volitional", I think I understand you to mean what are also called "will
verbs" or "controllable verbs" in English, 意志動詞 in Japanese; and by "non-
volitional", "non-will verbs" or "uncontrollable verbs", 無意志動詞 in Japanese?

_The term "volitional" here is possibly a bit confusing just given it is the
name of a verb form, too, so I will just use "controllable" and
"uncontrollable" instead._

If that is what you were referring to, you are right in thinking that なる is
both a "controllable" verb 意志動詞 and "uncontrollable" verb 無意志動詞, depending on
the circumstance. For instance:

> **意志動詞:** 親戚が医者になった。
>
> A relative became a doctor. (controllable, e.g. through going to medical
> school)
>
> **無意志動詞:** 時刻が正午になった。
>
> It (the time) became noon. (uncontrollable)

* * *

Looking at your examples, first you have:

> 日本語が上手になるように、毎日勉強しています。

This is grammatically OK, but I personally would favour saying (the very
similar; just sounds more natural to me):

> 日本語が上手く{うまく}なるように、毎日勉強しています。

In any case, you can't strictly "control" being good at a language, so this is
indeed an example of an "uncontrollable" form of なる.

Looking at your second example:

> 弁護士になるために、法律を勉強しています。

This is a good example of a "controllable" form of なる, as - just as with the
doctor example I gave - this person essentially chose to be a lawyer (by going
to law school/choosing to studying law).

* * *

The other thing to bear in mind is that for instances where なる is a
"controllable" verb in that you can use _either_ **なれる** ように _or_ **なる** ために:

> ◎ 偉{えら}い人に **なれるように** 勉強しています。
>
> ◎ 偉い人に **なるために** 勉強しています。
>
> ?? 偉い人に **なるように** 勉強しています。(sounds odd/unnatural, but I think understandable)

On the other hand, for those "uncontrollable" instances of なる, you should
_only_ use **なる** ように :

> × 野菜が大きく **なれるように** 水をたくさんやります。(incorrect)
>
> × 野菜が大きく **なるために** 水をたくさんやります。(incorrect)
>
> ◎ 野菜が大きく **なるように** 水をたくさんやります。

Hope that helps!
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2019-06-23T20:27:33.927
69030
2020-12-31T11:56:47.433
2020-12-31T11:56:47.433
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68991
answer