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The first sentence is from a book synopsis, while the second one is from the
preface.

> ひとはだれしもが、心に灯台を持っている  
>  ひとは皆、心の灯台を持っている

They both seem to mean the same thing.

  1. Are there two subjects in these sentences (ひと and みんな)?
  2. Is it optional to use が after だれしも or みんな? I mean, is it correct to use it?
  3. What's the meaning of が in this specific case?
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2021-02-23T23:14:41.723
84316
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2021-02-23T23:16:38.810
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question
grammar
「人はだれしもが、…」and「人はみんな、…」
> Are there two subjects in these sentences (ひと and みんな)?

No, in your second example, this みな is working as an adverb. It's working like
adverbial _all_ as in "We are _all_ mortal".

> Is it optional to use が after だれしも or みんな? I mean, is it correct to use it?

It depends.

  1. ひとはだれしも...: OK (だれしも is adverbial)
  2. ひとは皆...: OK (皆 is adverbial)
  3. ひとはだれしもが...: OK
  4. ひとは皆が...: NG

Sentence 3 is OK but Sentence 4 is not, and it's hard for me to explain why. I
may be wrong, but it may be due to a restriction of the `AはBが` construction
(aka "double-subject"). When you say `AはBが`, B has to be a part of A. だれしも
("whoever") can be understood as a subset of ひと ("people"), but みな
("everyone") is not a subset of ひと ("people").

> What's the meaning of が in this specific case?

The subject marker.
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answer