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Are there Japanese terms for logical fallacies, or are the English phrases
used when they are discussed? If you're wondering what I mean by "logical
fallacies," I mean anything on [this
list](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_fallacies), courtesy of Wikipedia.
How would we discuss things like "begging the question" or a "straw man"
fallacy? Japan might not have the history of philosophy that Europe does, but
at least things at this level you could encounter in everyday speech--how
would I point it out to someone in Japanese?

EDIT: Since my original question was somewhat ambiguous, I'll clarify: I'm
looking for terms for the individual fallacies themselves, not the term one
would use to describe the category. For example, I looked it up, and there is
a specific term for "confirmation bias" (確証{かくしょう}バイアス), but I was unable to
find many others I searched for, such as "onus probandi/burden of proof," or
"post hoc (ergo propter hoc)." What I want to know is if there are any
accepted words in Japanese that correspond, even loosely, to these fallacies,
and if not, how they could be otherwise represented.
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2016-07-17T07:18:51.643
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2016-07-17T21:53:30.673
2016-07-17T08:33:46.727
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translation
Japanese Names for Logical Fallacies?
Probably there is no established set of sophisticated words you can safely use
in Japanese. Most of the words listed in
[誤謬](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AA%A4%E8%AC%AC) and
[詭弁](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A9%AD%E5%BC%81) are totally unfamiliar
to me. Actually, I think I have visited these pages a few times before, but
they didn't seem to be worth memorizing to me because no one use them in real
life :D

As an exception, to refer to "straw man", its direct translations,
[藁人形論法／ストローマン](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B9%E3%83%88%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%83%9E%E3%83%B3),
are relatively well-known among people who like debates. Still, I would say
you should avoid using this nearly all the time in real discussions.

Some concepts may be explained using easier words. When you want to say straw
man, you can probably say "論点のすり替え" (although this may have broader sense than
straw man) or "言ってもいないことをさも言ったかのように言う".

And 確証バイアス, 選択バイアス, 交絡バイアス, etc. are words commonly known to researchers of
natural science who need to know statistical analysis. These are explained in
textbooks of statistics.
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answer