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It is a very basic question that up to now I don't quite understand. あげる just
gives additional information about the direction of action. Because 貸す
provides direction of action clearly, I think あげる is no longer needed.

In other words, sentence B below should be more efficient than the sentence A
without loss of any meaning. What do you think?

> A: 僕は君にお金を貸してあげた。
>
> B: 僕は君にお金を貸した。

In English they are both translated to "I lent money to you.".
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2016-05-11T04:33:58.077
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grammar
The purpose of an auxiliary verb あげる
> あげる just gives additional information about the direction of action.

No, that's not correct. The subsidiary verb あげる implies the subject is doing
something beneficial to the other person. So depending on the context,
Sentence A may sound like the speaker is asking for a word of thanks.

In Sentence B, on the other hand, the speaker is describing what he/she did
matter-of-factly.

See:

  * [real meaning of 子供に話を聞かせてあげました](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/21114/5010)
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> sentence B below should be more efficient than the sentence A without loss
> of any meaning.

If we take the whole meaning to be "I lent you money," then B is more
efficient and the あげる in A is redundant.

If, however, we take a more nuanced view of what A and B are saying, then A
differs in adding additional information. The あげる implies the subject is doing
the recipient a favor whereas the other sentence merely states the fact of
lending.

> Both are translated "I lent money to you"

Are they? If so, then I'd say that we're losing information in the translation
of A.

B1: I lent you money.

B2: I lent money to you.

(I'd say B1 is actually more natural English than the translation you're
suggesting).

A1 : I let you borrow money from me.

A2: I _kindly_ lent you money.

A3: I volunteered to loan you money.

A4: I lent you money.

Depending on the context, A4 may be fine or it may lose something valuable and
important for understanding the rest of the dialogue.
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