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> 順天堂大学の医学部入試で、女性が不利 **になる** ような基準で判定され **不合格になったとして**
> 、受験した女性13人が大学側に賠償を求めた裁判で、東京地方裁判所は「性別だけで一律に不利益に扱う判定基準は不合理で差別的だ」として、大学側に合わせて800万円余りの支払いを命じる判決を言い渡しました。  
>  In the Juntendou medical faculty entrance exam _people_ are being judged
> using criteria which appear to cause women a disadvantage, and that make it
> so that this is a cause of failure ... (my TL attempt)

I'm just focusing on the part of sentence up to the second comma at the
moment. The rest is included in case it affects that part.

I think になる is being used in a way I'm not familiar with. My literal reading
of 女性が不利になる would be "women become a disadvantage". I guess, if I can read 不利
as both "disadvantage" and "disadvantage **d** " (women become disadvantaged),
then this part on its own isn't a problem. But when I combine it with ような基準,
this translation no longer works. I can only translate 女性が不利になるような基準 in an
active sense: "Criteria which appear to **cause** a disadvantage to women".
How should I break down the grammar of this part?

The second part, 不合格になったとして, is even more difficult for me. I must confess
that I'm not at all sure what として does here, but my guess is that になる is being
used the same way as the first part i.e. 不合格になったとして means "make it cause
failure".

Please can you disentangle my faulty thinking?

**Aside:** I'm reading this last part as XがYとして where X is an implicit subject
(the judging criteria). Could you please confirm if this is correct?
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question
grammar
Can Xになる mean "cause X"?
This 不利 **(na-adjective)** means "in a disadvantageous place", "at a
disadvantage".

  * 女性は不利だ。  
Women are at a disadvantage.

  * 女性は不利になる。  
Women will be at a disadvantage.

  * 女性が不利になるような基準  
criteria where woman will be at a disadvantage  
→ criteria that disadvantages women

This として is the te-form of とする, which in this context means "to claim/say".
This is very common in news articles.

  * [What does として mean here?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/11230/5010)
  * [What is the difference between として and とする?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/88737/5010)
  * [What does this としています express?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/56323/5010)
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answer