6000
There's a common abbreviation system in dictionaries and I'm wondering how
they're read and used.

Here's [an
example](http://dic.yahoo.co.jp/dsearch?enc=UTF-8&p=%E8%A8%AA%E3%82%8C%E3%82%8B&dtype=0&dname=0na&stype=0&pagenum=1&index=02469600):  
![dictionary abbreviations](https://i.stack.imgur.com/Wsj0L.png)

I'm guessing it has something to do with how to fill in the blanks in the
example sentences, but hoping you can save me the detective work.
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2012-06-30T02:29:18.837
5999
2012-06-30T03:47:45.727
54
question
abbreviations
How to read the 動＿下一, ＿下二 pattern found in dictionaries?
* 動 is 動詞, verb.
  * ラ means the verb conjugates on the r-.
  * 下一 (shimo ichi) and 下二 (shimo ni) are abbreviations for [下一段](http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E4%B8%8B%E4%B8%80%E6%AE%B5%E6%B4%BB%E7%94%A8) (shimo ichidan "lower monograde") and [下二段](http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E4%B8%8B%E4%BA%8C%E6%AE%B5%E6%B4%BB%E7%94%A8) (shimo nidan "lower bigrade"). These are verb conjugation types. There are other conjugation types: [四段](http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E6%AE%B5%E6%B4%BB%E7%94%A8) (yodan), [五段](http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E6%AE%B5%E6%B4%BB%E7%94%A8) (godan), [上一段](http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E4%B8%80%E6%AE%B5%E6%B4%BB%E7%94%A8) (kami ichidan), [上二段](http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E4%BA%8C%E6%AE%B5%E6%B4%BB%E7%94%A8) (kami nidan), [サ変](http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E3%82%B5%E8%A1%8C%E5%A4%89%E6%A0%BC%E6%B4%BB%E7%94%A8) (sa-hen), カ変 (ka-hen), ナ変 (na-hen), and ラ変 (ra-hen).
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2012-06-30T03:18:39.633
6000
2012-06-30T03:47:45.727
2012-06-30T03:47:45.727
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1141
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answer
動 stands for 動詞, and means it is a verb. ラ means that the last consonant of
the stem is "r" (belongs to ラ row), which does not have significance in modern
account for this type of verbs. 下一 stands for 下一段活用, a terminology used in
traditional grammar. In modern terms, it means the stem ends with "e". I.e.,
the stem is "otozure-". 下ニ stands for 下ニ段活用, a terminology in traditional
grammar for classical Japanese.
CC BY-SA 3.0
2012-06-30T03:22:10.300
6001
2012-06-30T03:42:02.303
2012-06-30T03:42:02.303
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answer