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In this sentence:

> どうやら今日の天気は **曇る** ようだ。× It seems that today's weather is cloudy.

This uses the weather verb 曇る

But when asking native speakers, this does not sound natural and I don't
understand why.

Here are some other variations that are apparently correct:

> 1) どうやら今日の天気は **曇りのよう** だ。○

Instead of using 曇る like above, this uses the noun form 曇り with よう/みたい

This means that the speaker is judging the weather to be cloudy based on his
sensations and other evidence. The most certain out of the three.

> 2) どうやら今日の天気は **曇りそう** だ。○

～そう form is used, so that means the speaker looks at the sky and judging from
appearance only, it looks cloudy.

> 3) どうやら今日の天気は **曇りらしい** 。○

～らしい is used here, meaning the speaker is judging it is cloudy based on second
hand information and hearsay.

According to native speakers, 3) sounds the most natural. But I don't know
why.

I presume this would be the same with 晴れる

* * *

Can someone please explain:

Why I can't use 曇るようだ and yet the other given sentences are correct.

I also want to confirm that my interpretations of the grammar of each sentence
is correct.

Possibly related:

[What is the difference between all the weather words: 気象きしょう, 天気てんき and
天候てんこう?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/20919/what-is-the-
difference-between-all-the-weather-
words-%E6%B0%97%E8%B1%A1%E3%81%8D%E3%81%97%E3%82%87%E3%81%86-%E5%A4%A9%E6%B0%97%E3%81%A6%E3%82%93%E3%81%8D-and-%E5%A4%A9%E5%80%99%E3%81%A6/20943#20943)
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2019-04-07T09:55:50.003
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2019-04-07T13:05:33.947
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question
grammar usage nuances
Why are weather verbs 曇る and 晴れる treated differently in this sentence?
> Why I can't use 曇るようだ

Pretty simply, there is a subject-predicate mismatch. 天気は曇りだ is fine, but
天気が曇る/天気は曇る is not natural (it would sound to me like "[*] there will be
clouds in the weather"). For the same reason, 今日の天気は曇りそうだ is understandable,
but sounds unnatural to me.

To make them sound natural, simply remove 天気 and say 今日は instead of 今日の天気は:

>   * どうやら今日は曇るようだ。: OK
>   * どうやら今日は曇りそうだ。: OK
>

The same goes for 晴れ and 晴れる.

For the basic difference between のようだ, そうだ and らしい, see
[this](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/16312/5010) or any textbook you
use.
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2019-04-07T12:39:25.983
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2019-04-07T13:05:33.947
2019-04-07T13:05:33.947
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answer