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I know **新しい{あたらしい}** and **新た{あらた}** and I understood that the latter is
usually used in newspaper because it brings more politeness/formality.

However, I encountered **新規{しんき}** in a newspaper
[article](https://www.asahi.com/articles/ASPBY71P9PBXUHBI007.html):

> 新型コロナウイルスの感染が広がるロシアで、1日の **新規** 感染者数や死者数が連日、記録更新を続けている。

According to Jisho [dictionary](https://jisho.org/search/%E6%96%B0%E8%A6%8F),
**新規{しんき}** means new/fresh as well. It makes me wonder, what are the nuances
between this word and **新しい{あたらしい}** and **新た{あらた}** ? Is it mostly a prefix
word like 新 kanji (e.g. 新年, 新学期...) ?
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2021-11-01T17:43:57.743
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question
word-choice words nuances wago-and-kango
What is the difference between 新規 with 新しい and 新た?
新規 and 新たな cannot be used as a predicate, and they cannot be used in
comparative sentences, either.

pre-noun adjectival | adverbial | comparison | predicate  
---|---|---|---  
新しい計画 | 新しく計画する | これより新しい計画 | この計画は新しい  
新たな計画 | 新たに計画する | ❌これより新たな計画 | ❌この計画は新ただ  
新規(の)計画 | 新規に計画する | ❌これより新規な計画 | ❌この計画は新規だ  
  
新しい is a plain word, 新た is a bookish and a little dramatic word (∼ "brand-
new"), and 新規 is a technical-sounding word. 新規 is not a word we commonly see
in lyrics. 新たな夢 sounds more dramatic than 新しい夢, but 新規の夢 sounds simply odd.

As 新規 is a kango (Sino-Japanese word with on-readings), it's often used before
another kango.

I may be wrong, but 新規 may tend to mean "first-time" rather than "new". 新規客
and 新しい客 can both refer to "first-time customer (who has never visited the
store before)" and "new customer (e.g., 8th visitor of the day after the first
7)", but I feel 新規客 tends to refer to the former. There is even an expression
[ご新規さん](https://jisho.org/word/%E3%81%94%E6%96%B0%E8%A6%8F). The same can be
said for 新規感染 vs 新たな感染; both can refer to first-time infection and
reinfection, but 新規感染 tends to refer to the former.
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answer