In Chinese, 超级 means ‘super’. E.g 超级市场 means ‘supermarket’, or 超级战士 means
‘supersoldier’, etc etc. Of course, I've looked up each kanji separately, and
it turns out that 超 is chō in Japanese and 级 is kyū.

So the question is, does the term 超级 chōkyū actually exist in Japanese? I'm
asking because I've tried searching for the term 'chōkyū', but came up with
none. Then again, it just seems to make sense intuitively, I mean the way in
which we always derive the Japanese versions from Chinese terms. Does it work
in this case?

And here's another thing, suppose that 超级 'chōkyū' exists in Japanese, is its
meaning the same as in Chinese (meaning super).

Lastly, how exactly does one say things like Supermarket or supersoldier in
Japanese? I mean, other than using ‘sūpā’. Does chōkyū shijō {超级市场} or chōkyū
senshi {超级战士} work?
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translation kanji chinese
Is there a Japanese translation for the Chinese term, 超级?
超級 doesn't have the meaning of ‘super’ or ‘supermarket’ in the Japanese
language.

I think of only one word in which 超級 is used. It is 100kg超級. It means "over
100kg weight class in Judo".
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Of course there are Japanese translations for the Chinese 超级 (超級), スーパー _sūpā_
or 超{ちょう} _chō_ (without 級) come to mind. However, 超級 is not used with this
meaning.

The only instances of 超級 seem to be expressions like 100kg超級 _over 100kg
category/division_ , where 超 means "over" and 級 means "class, division,
category".

For 超 you have words like 超並列コンピューター _super parallel computer_ , etc. スーパー and
超{ちょう} are interchangeable, which you can see in ドラゴンボール, using 超{スーパー}:

[![enter image description
here](https://i.stack.imgur.com/hW5Lt.png)](https://i.stack.imgur.com/hW5Lt.png)
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スーパー is correct answer. 超 could be both used as an adverb and an adjective,
but there is no such kanji arrangement as 超级 in Japanese，see
[goo辞書](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/54677/meaning/m0u/)。 And it is because
that when using kanji 級, it has to have, or come with another word that
suggest "class", or 等級, in expreesion. Obviously, those two examples given
above don't in CHinese, so not in Japanese either. While in Chinese, it
doesn't matter a lot, for 级/級（not the true hanzi in traditonal CHinese area,
[see](https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E7%B4%9A) ）has no meaning, except when
associated with concept "class".
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超級 exists, and is not rare in the game/manga industry. For example
[パズドラ](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puzzle_%26_Dragons) is one of the most
successful smartphone games in Japan, and have many 超級クエスト which is even more
difficult than 上級 quests:

[![enter image description
here](https://i.stack.imgur.com/8Z3uI.png)](https://i.stack.imgur.com/8Z3uI.png)

I guess you can find the word 超級戦士 in some Dragon-Ball-like manga, too,
although katakana loanwords tends to be preferred in many cases.

As other answers suggest, this type of 超級 is relatively uncommon outside of
game/manga contexts, and it's not something you can find in dictionaries. You
should not assume it's the default translation of "super-".
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