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I've been using Anki to memorize kanji and words. This word came up: 寒冷{かんれい}
which means cold. However I've never heard of this word being used for cold,
chilly, etc. Usually it's 寒い{さむい} that is used.

Could some one give an example of when 寒冷 would be used in a sentence?
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words
"Cold" in Japanese: When to use 寒冷
Some examples of 寒冷{かんれい}:

  * Global Cooling: (地球寒冷化{ちきゅうかんれいか})

  * Hives from the cold: 寒冷アレルギー

  * A cold place: 寒冷な地域{ちいき}

Some other examples are found
[here](http://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/50001/meaning/m0u/).

I think in general it's used in more formal contexts.
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寒冷 is verbatim Cantonese (as `hon4 laang5`) and is typically used to refer to
cold climates:

> 寒冷地
>
> 寒冷な[気候]{きこう}
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「[寒冷]{かんれい}」 is a fairly technical/academic word and very few people, if any
at all, would use it to say everyday things like "It's so cold today." As you
said, the word we use for that purpose is 「[寒]{さむ}い」. (Dialectally, people
from the north may, for instance, opt to use 「しばれる」, but that has the same
level of informality as 「寒い」. Point is 「寒冷」 is too big a word for everyday use
everywhere.)

We use 「寒冷」 in formal, technical or academic speech to talk about cold regions
and cold weather. You may hear/see us say:

> 「[寒冷]{かんれい}な[地方]{ちほう}ではオレンジは[育]{そだ}たない。」 "Oranges do not grow in cold
> regions."
>
> 「シベリアは[寒冷]{かんれい}な[気候]{きこう}で[知]{し}られている。」 "Siberia is known for its cold
> climate."

In compounded technical terms, 「寒冷」 is also often used.

> 「[寒冷低気圧]{かんれいていきあつ}」 "cold-core cyclone"
>
> 「寒冷[前線]{ぜんせん}」 "cold front"
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