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In a jdrama I'm watching (Kazoku Game, for those who're curious), a little boy
tells his older brother "兄ちゃんと比較されなければもっと普通に生きられたんだよ!" (if I wasn't compared
to nii-chan, I'd've been able to live normally!).

I wasn't familiar with 比較, but am completely familiar with 比べる, used in
exactly the same way. In fact, the previous phrase could probably be said as
"兄ちゃんと比べられなければもっと普通に生きられたんだよ!"

So my question is: does 比較 have any significant difference with 比べる, perhaps
in terms of connotation? Or is it just a mostly meaningless difference in word
choice?

If I had to guess, 比較 strikes me as slightly more scholarly, whereas 比べる is
probably more simple/direct?

P.S.: I recommend Kazoku Game. After the first episode or two, it actually
gets quite good :3
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question
word-choice words wago-and-kango connotation
Any significant difference between 比較する (hikaku suru) and 比べる (kuraberu) for meaning "compare"?
This is just another [wago-and-kango](/questions/tagged/wago-and-kango "show
questions tagged 'wago-and-kango'") problem. 比較する is a kango, and thus sounds
stiffer. There is no fundamental difference in meaning, but they have to be
chosen according to the formality, seriousness and so on.

In your case, 兄ちゃんと比較されなければ and 兄ちゃんと比べられなければ share the same meaning, but the
former sounds like she is a little more mature and/or serious.
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answer