[{"text_idx": "#000005", "text": "Since the detection of the first case in Turkey on March 10, the coronavirus pandemic had a profound effect on social, financial, business, and legal life, similar to the rest of the world. According to the statistics provided by the Ministry of Health, as of June 21, 2020, 187.685 cases have been confirmed in Turkey while 4,950 deaths are reported. The measures adopted by the government throughout the pandemic have been designed to restrict human contact to control the spread of the disease while maintaining the economy, which significantly changed the methods of doing business in Turkey. In this article, we provide an overview of the main areas that were affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, and the most important measures taken in Turkey to deal with them."}, {"text_idx": "#000006", "text": "The government has taken strict precautions to minimize the risk of spread since the early days of the pandemic, which had the result of restricting social life and slowing down the economy. Noteworthy measures are as follows:"}, {"text_idx": "#000008", "text": "As of March 16, passengers arriving from abroad have been placed under a fourteen-day quarantine[2]; crowded entertainment venues, bars, restaurants, cafes, movie theaters, indoor children\u2019s play areas, and schools were closed until further notice[3]. It was further decided that as of March 23, a distance learning program would be implemented, which has been completed on June 19."}, {"text_idx": "#000009", "text": "On March 16, the Ministry of the Interior instructed all governorates to postpone general assembly meetings and all kinds of meetings and activities of associations and foundations by way of a Circular to all governorates in Turkey."}, {"text_idx": "#000010", "text": "On March 20, upon the recommendation of the Ministry of Health\u2019s Coronavirus Science Committee, all national and international scientific, cultural, art and similar organizations or meetings held in open or closed spaces were postponed until the end of April by the Presidential Circular No. 2020/3[4]"}, {"text_idx": "#000011", "text": "On March 21, the Ministry of Interior issued a Circular imposing a curfew on citizens of 65 years and older, as well as those whose immune systems are weak, who have a chronic pulmonary disease, asthma, COPD, cardiac/vascular disease, kidney, hypertension and liver diseases and those using medicines impairing the immune system. This measure was gradually eased and finally lifted on June 9."}, {"text_idx": "#000012", "text": "On March 22, it was declared by the Presidential Circular No. 2020/4[5] that all employees of governmental institutions were to work in alternate shifts, or remotely, to the extent possible."}, {"text_idx": "#000013", "text": "On March 27, remote working for the private sector was introduced, some international commercial flights were suspended[6], distant seating arrangements in public transportation were imposed and public access to picnic areas, forests, cultural sites, etc. were prohibited during the weekends."}, {"text_idx": "#000014", "text": "On March 28, the Ministry of the Interior imposed restrictions on inter-city travels by way of an additional Circular, according to which persons willing to travel to other cities were obliged to obtain a permit from the established Travel Permit Boards. This restriction remained in force until June 1. During this time, a mobile app has been developed showing risky areas and violations of social distancing rules using Bluetooth. This app has also been used to track intercity travel by providing a code for persons who are eligible for travel after establishing that they are not carrying the virus."}, {"text_idx": "#000015", "text": "On April 3, the Ministry of Interior issued a Circular imposing entry and exit bans to and from 30 metropolitan areas and Zonguldak with very limited exemptions (transportation of essential goods, transit travels subject to appropriate documentation and permits); a country-wide curfew for individuals under 20 years of age, a requirement to wear masks in market places and where collective work is performed and a prohibition of gathering in groups in open spaces."}, {"text_idx": "#000016", "text": "At the end of April, a plan to reopen the country in four phases were announced[7]. In May, shopping malls, barbershops, beauty salons, and hairdressers reopened subject to restrictions in visitors\u2019 numbers and other precautions[8], high-speed train services resumed with 50% capacity[9], nation-wide curfews ended[10], travel restrictions were lifted in some provinces and a healthy tourism certification program to be granted by international certification institutions has been launched in preparation for the upcoming tourism season[11]."}, {"text_idx": "#000017", "text": "Turkey\u2019s normalization gained pace at the beginning of June while maintaining social distancing measures and precautionary rules. In this context, the entry and exit restrictions in 15 more provinces were lifted, restaurants, cafes, patisseries, coffee shops, parks, gardens, picnic, and recreational areas, beaches, sports centers and facilities, museums and archeological sites reopened, civil servants on administrative leave or working remotely returned to their normal working schedules and courthouses resumed suspended proceedings. On June 11, the Istanbul Airport partially resumed its international flights."}, {"text_idx": "#000018", "text": "As of July, Turkey is expected to reopen all tourism facilities which had started to design their facilities, including buffets, beaches, lobbies, and pools, to ensure social distancing and hygiene as per governmental instructions."}, {"text_idx": "#000019", "text": "The COVID-19 pandemic has substantially affected Turkish litigation practice. Due to the measures taken, almost all time limitations in legal proceedings were suspended for 3 months. This led to an accumulation of hearings that has to be dealt with by both national courts and lawyers as of June 16, 2020. On the upside, due to the mandatory measures to reduce physical presence in courthouses, the use of technology became an indispensable feature of the Turkish judicial system, which is expected to improve legal practitioners\u2019 lives to a great extent."}, {"text_idx": "#000020", "text": "The measures relating to courthouses and legal proceedings within the context of the fight against coronavirus became gradually more comprehensive, as outlined below:"}, {"text_idx": "#000021", "text": "A short time after the first cases were detected in Turkey, the Ministry of Justice, the Bar Associations and the Head of the Mediation Department of the Ministry of Justice issued non-binding recommendations to postpone all hearings and on-site examinations, except for hearings relating to detained suspects and other urgent matters, limit the number of court clerks, to hold online meetings for ongoing mediation proceedings, and new mediation applications, postpone meeting dates to dates as close as possible to the statutory time limits. The Ministry of Justice further announced in a letter addressed to the Union of Turkish Bar Associations that it was working on increasing the types of transactions that can be made through Turkey\u2019s online judiciary system, UYAP, to facilitate access to justice."}, {"text_idx": "#000022", "text": "On March 22, all pending and new enforcement and bankruptcy proceedings, as well as interim attachment proceedings (excluding enforcement proceedings for child support payments) were suspended until the end of April by a Presidential Decree, per Article 330 of the Enforcement and Bankruptcy Law, which provides that enforcement proceedings may be suspended for a certain period in the event of a pandemic, a common calamity or war through the President\u2019s decision."}, {"text_idx": "#000023", "text": "On March 25, the Turkish Parliament adopted a more comprehensive measure than the Presidential Decree above and enacted a law provision by adding Provisional Article 1 to the Law on Amendments to Certain Laws No. 7226[12]. According to this Article, all time limits, mandatory administrative application periods, periods relating to the origination, exercise, and termination of any rights in legal proceedings, including mediation and reconciliation proceedings were suspended until April 30, 2020 (inclusive), to prevent the loss of legal rights as a result of the pandemic. The limited exceptions to such suspension were specified as statutory time limits for crimes and punishments, misdemeanors, administrative sanctions, disciplinary imprisonments and preventive detentions, time limits for precautionary measures (under the Code of Criminal Procedure) and time limits regarding interim injunctions (under the Code of Civil Procedure). The relevant Law regulates that all other measures to be taken in terms of civil and criminal proceedings are to be determined by the Cabinet for the Court of Cassation, the Council of State and by the Supreme Council of Judges and Prosecutors for first instance courts and regional courts of appeal; and by the Ministry of Justice for justice services."}, {"text_idx": "#000024", "text": "On April 30, the President issued another Decree, extending the suspension period from April 30, 2020, to June 15, 2020, excluding the time limits regarding mandatory administrative remedies regulated under the Public Procurement Law No. 4734[13]."}, {"text_idx": "#000025", "text": "On April 5, the Ministry of Justice announced that lawyers can now access documents in the investigation files for which they are registered as counsels through the online judiciary system, UYAP[14]. This measure enables lawyers to avoid going to courthouses to obtain these files by making an online request, preventing practical delays and inconveniences caused by a lack of access to investigation files. In line with this development, throughout the pandemic period, the Ministry of Justice repeatedly reaffirmed its intention to increase the number of transactions that can be conducted online through the UYAP system, such as submission of objections to non-prosecution or administrative sanction decisions for the relevant investigation files[15]."}, {"text_idx": "#000026", "text": "A significant and broader development in facilitating access to justice through the use of technology was recently announced by the Ministry of Justice. Through the new \u201ce-hearings\u201d system, lawyers, if needed, will be able to attend hearings electronically, by sending an online request to that effect 24 hours before the hearing via UYAP. Upon the relevant judge\u2019s acceptance of the request and the authentication of identity, the e-hearing will be conducted via teleconference. Security measures such as facial recognition and fingerprints are also planned to be added to the system in time. The new system has been tested on June 17 with the participation of the Minister of Justice and the Union of Turkish Bar Associations[16]."}, {"text_idx": "#000027", "text": "As a result of the responses to the pandemic such as government lockdowns, quarantines, travel restrictions, and closed borders, businesses were faced with sharp falls in domestic sales and exports, difficulties in financing, liquidity problems, supply chain disruptions and increase in production costs. While tourism and aviation, food and beverage (on-premises), energy and retail businesses, and in particular SMEs were hardest hit by the outbreak, the impact felt by the pharmaceutical, chemicals, defense, technology, electronics, software, textile, and industrial production sectors were slightly less severe. Contrary to these sectors, it has been reported that the food retail sector was positively affected by the pandemic[17]. As a result, it is expected that recovery will differ as well."}, {"text_idx": "#000028", "text": "During this turbulent period, the Turkish government took multiple measures aimed at preserving the businesses and providing flexibility concerning their legal obligations. The most important of these measures can be summarized as follows:"}, {"text_idx": "#000029", "text": "The measures taken by businesses to deal with the impact of the pandemic on labour issues has been shaped by the slowing down of the economy and the dynamics specific to each sector. Among those measures are working from home, working from home in alternate shifts, use of paid annual leave or unpaid leave, enactment of the health check, disinfection, and social distancing procedures, and more drastic measures, such as winding-up of certain departments, halting production or closing down the entire business[18]."}, {"text_idx": "#000030", "text": "The government, in turn, began to introduce several measures as of March 2020 to compensate losses due to reduced work and alleviate the impact of the outbreak on both businesses and employees. On March 18, it was announced that the government would issue short-term working allowances for employees negatively affected by the pandemic, and that the application process for such allowance would be facilitated. In this regard, the Law No. 7226 on Amendments to Certain Laws[19] was published, amending the Law No. 4447 on Unemployment Insurance. As per this regulation, employers were required to file short-term working allowance applications electronically until June 30, 2020 for their employees who fulfilled certain conditions. The daily amount of the allowance is 60% of the average daily gross income of the employee, calculated based on the employee\u2019s earnings subject to social security premiums in the last 12 months, capped at 150% of the monthly minimum gross wage amount."}, {"text_idx": "#000031", "text": "Another measure related to groups of taxpayers\u2019 social security insurance premium payment obligations. According to the General Communique\u0301 of the Tax Procedure Law[20], private sector employers in the sectors that were ordered by the Ministry of Interior to temporarily halt their activities and those in certain sectors that are directly affected by the COVID-19 outbreak, such as retail, including shopping malls, health services, furniture manufacturing, and metal industries, as well as those taxpayers who are considered to be experiencing a force majeure event for the period between April 1, 2020 and June 30, 2020, were granted a postponement of their social security insurance premium payments for March, April, and May of 2020."}, {"text_idx": "#000032", "text": "The measures taken to reduce the effects of the pandemic on employment was further expanded on April 17 by the Law No. 7244[21]. According to this regulation, employers were prohibited from terminating employment and labour service agreements (whether or not they were covered by the Labor Law) for three months subject to an administrative fine. Under this Law, applications for short-term working allowance were also further facilitated. It was also regulated that while employers can place employees under unpaid leave for a maximum period of three months after April 17, the employees placed under unpaid leave and those who cannot benefit from the short-term working allowance or unemployment insurance benefits are to receive salary support from the unemployment fund."}, {"text_idx": "#000035", "text": "On March 20, in the face of difficulties in the ability to hold annual general meetings due to travel restrictions, the Ministry of Interior allowed the joint-stock and limited liability companies to cancel the ordinary general assemblies which were previously called for a meeting by the governing bodies. On the same day, the Minister of Trade announced that companies that use the electronic general assembly system under Article 1527 of the Turkish Commercial Code were encouraged to do so to ensure minimum physical contact; and that companies that do not have the relevant required provisions under their articles of association to hold general assembly meetings electronically were allowed to hold electronic general assembly or board of directors meetings."}, {"text_idx": "#000039", "text": "From the early days of the outbreak, the Banking Regulation and Supervision Authority (BRSA) took measures to provide flexibility in financing conditions and credit defaults caused by the pandemic[23]. The Authority also eased financial institutions\u2019 compliance with their reporting requirements. In this context, BRSA,"}, {"text_idx": "#000040", "text": "extended default periods for certain loan categories,\nannounced certain measures to facilitate the calculation of capital adequacy ratio and net foreign currency positions in bank balance sheets and calculation of the amounts subject to credit risk,\nextended the deadlines for the financial reports, independent audit reports and activity reports of banks and financial institutions (independent audit firms, rating agencies, asset management firms, leasing, and factoring companies) by 60 days."}, {"text_idx": "#000042", "text": "credit card minimum payment amounts were reduced to a lower percentage of the debt incurred,\nbanks were enabled to grant \u201dnon-payment periods\u201d to credit card holders until December 31, 2020,\nmonthly maximum contractual interest rates and default interest rates for credit card transactions were reduced."}, {"text_idx": "#000043", "text": "On another note, together with the slowing down of social life and the decrease in physical banking, it can be observed that the use of online banking has significantly progressed in Turkey."}, {"text_idx": "#000046", "text": "According to these regulations, all companies except those in which the state or other public entity is a shareholder of more than 50% of shares, or those in which a public fund owns 50% of the company, are prevented from distributing dividends that are more than 25% of their net profit for the 2019 financial year, retained earnings and free reserve funds (companies can add those to their capital). It is also regulated that even if the general assembly has already adopted a dividend distribution resolution for the 2019 financial year and the payment was not yet made, companies must postpone dividend payments for more than 25% of their net profit for the 2019 financial year until the end of September 2020."}, {"text_idx": "#000047", "text": "Three categories of companies are exempted from the measure of non-distribution of dividends, subject to the approval of the Ministry of Trade upon application with the relevant documentation. These are,"}, {"text_idx": "#000048", "text": "companies that do not benefit from the government\u2019s wage or employment support schemes and the Treasury\u2019s credit guarantees, and that do not currently have an unpaid credit debt balance (the amount of dividend that can be distributed is capped at TRY 120,000);\ncompanies, whose shareholders will utilize more than 50% of the distributed dividend to pay their capital subscription debts to another company (no amount limitation); and\ncompanies whose shareholders will use the distributed dividend to fulfill their liabilities due until September 30, 2020, in cash, within the scope of credit and project finance (no amount limitation)."}, {"text_idx": "#000049", "text": "Companies that wish to distribute dividends within the scope of the exceptions above, must obtain the Ministry of Trade\u2019s prior approval by submitting the documentation required for each exception in the Communique\u0301 before adopting any dividend distribution decision at their general assembly meetings."}, {"text_idx": "#000051", "text": "On March 19, the Ministry of Treasury and Finance\u2019s Revenue Administration issued an announcement[26] eliminating the need for a physical application for many transactions. According to the Announcement, all submissions to tax offices related to registrations at the Trade Registry, such as those on work commencements, work terminations, branch openings or closings, address changes, and no-debt letter requests, taxpayer status letters, requests for deferral, requests for settlement as well as requests to obtain a potential tax ID number (for non-Turkish citizens) could be made electronically via the Interactive Tax Office\u2019s website (ivd.gib.gov.tr), mobile application, or mail until April 10, 2020."}, {"text_idx": "#000052", "text": "The government adopted several comprehensive measures to ease the taxpayers\u2019 obligations during the pandemic."}, {"text_idx": "#000053", "text": "On March 17, the deadline for filing annual income tax returns for the 2019 calendar year, which were due by 31 March 2020, and the deadline for the payment of these tax returns have been postponed until 30 April 2020, under the Circular on Tax Procedural Law (Serial No. 125)[27]."}, {"text_idx": "#000055", "text": "On March 24, the Revenue Administration has issued the General Communique\u0301 on the Tax Procedural Law[29] and postponed the payment of withholding tax and value-added tax for effectively six months for taxpayers directly affected by the pandemic. This Communique\u0301 provided benefits to the following taxpayer and activity categories:"}, {"text_idx": "#000058", "text": "income tax returns of the specified items of income may be submitted over the web via the Prepared Returns System (hazirbeyan.gib.gov.tr), or by using the mobile application or through post;\ntaxes, duties and administrative fines, as well as payments regarding valuable paper fees, may be paid by credit card via the Interactive Tax Office or through contracted banks; and\ntax payments of corporate income taxpayers may be made by using the Interactive Tax Office, contracted banks and the Turkish Post (PTT)."}, {"text_idx": "#000062", "text": "The Presidency of the Republic of Turkey published force majeure guidelines for public tender contracts executed under the Public Tender Law No. 4734 [30], allowing contractors to make force majeure notifications due to the COVID-19 outbreak to extend the duration of the contracts or to terminate them subject to contracting public authority\u2019s review."}, {"text_idx": "#000064", "text": "On March 26, the Law No. 7226 on Amendments to Certain Laws[31] entered into force, providing that a workplace tenant\u2019s inability to pay the rent between March 1and June 30, 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic does not constitute a ground for lease termination or eviction."}, {"text_idx": "#000065", "text": "Said Law also introduced measures to protect the tourism sector, which has been severely affected by mass hotel and flight cancellations. Under the Law, payments of licensed tourism operators and investors that were allocated public lands to build tourism facilities were postponed for six months without needing to file applications. The amounts due are to be collected after June 30, 2020 without interest until the end of the postponement period."}, {"text_idx": "#000068", "text": "As we have explained throughout the article, the COVID-19 pandemic and the comprehensive governmental measures had a significant impact on all aspects of social, legal, and business life in Turkey. Some of the negative consequences of the pandemic are yet to be comprehended in the months to come. Still, as the infection rates have stabilized in Turkey, it is now considered that the worst is behind. As a result, the government has started to lift the restrictions as of May. From the beginning of June, Turkey has almost fully \u201creopened\u201d with social distancing and hygiene measures in place, as all citizens and businesses are trying to adapt to the \u201cnew normal\u201d."}, {"text_idx": "#000072", "text": "[6] Turkish Airlines later suspended all international flights until May 28. See accessed on 24.6.2020."}, {"text_idx": "#000078", "text": "[26] See the Announcement, available in Turkish at accessed on 24.6.2020."}, {"text_idx": "#000079", "text": "[27] The Circular is available in Turkish at accessed on 24.6.2020."}, {"text_idx": "#000080", "text": "[28] The Circular is available in Turkish at accessed on 24.6.2020."}, {"text_idx": "#000083", "text": "the best lawyer in turkey, lawyer in ankara, Law office in ankara, arbitration lawyer in turkey, oil gas lawyer in turkey, lawyer in Turkey, heritage law in turkey provides high-quality legal services to a large number of clients.. We are a full-service law firm with in deep experiences in the fields of energy, real estate law, cooperate law, public tenders law, international contracts, international arbitration, international litigations, Turkish Citizenship via real estate accessions etc."}, {"text_idx": "#000087", "text": "Deprehensus omnem poenam contemnet. Idem adhuc; Hoc non est positum in nostra actione."}, {"text_idx": "#000088", "text": "Qua tu etiam inprudens utebare non numquam. Graccho, eius fere, aequali\u0301? Quaerimus enim finem bonorum. Quae cum magnifice primo dici viderentur, considerata minus probabantur."}, {"text_idx": "#000089", "text": "Quae autem natura suae primae institutionis oblita est?Quid de Platone aut de Democrito loquar?Nonne videmus quanta perturbatio rerum omnium consequatur, quanta confusio?"}, {"text_idx": "#000090", "text": "Gloriosa ostentatio in constituendo summo bono. Bonum integritas corporis: misera debilitas. Tubulo putas dicere? Haec para/doca illi, nos admirabilia dicamus."}, {"text_idx": "#000092", "text": "At cum de plurimis eadem dicit, tum certe de maximis.Sic enim maiores nostri labores non fugiendos tristissimo tamen verbo aerumnas etiam in deo nominaverunt.Quid ei reliquisti, nisi te, quoquo modo loqueretur, intellegere, quid diceret?Vos autem cum perspicuis dubia debeatis illustrare, dubiis perspicua conamini tollere."}, {"text_idx": "#000093", "text": "Summus dolor plures dies manere non potest? Haec dicuntur inconstantissime. Restatis igitur vos; An vero, inquit, quisquam potest probare, quod perceptfum, quod."}, {"text_idx": "#000094", "text": "Nec tamen ille erat sapiens quis enim hoc aut quando aut ubi aut unde?Ut pulsi recurrant?Illud urgueam, non intellegere eum quid sibi dicendum sit, cum dolorem summum malum esse dixerit."}, {"text_idx": "#000095", "text": "Contemnit enim disserendi elegantiam, confuse loquitur. Negare non possum. Confecta res esset. Nos commodius agimus. Quaerimus enim finem bonorum. Cave putes quicquam esse verius."}, {"text_idx": "#000096", "text": "Ecce aliud simile dissimile. Sit sane ista voluptas. Eam tum adesse, cum dolor omnis absit; Videamus animi partes, quarum est conspectus illustrior;"}, {"text_idx": "#000097", "text": "Hoc dixerit potius Ennius: Nimium boni est, cui nihil est mali.Quid enim de amicitia statueris utilitatis causa expetenda vides.Nummus in Croesi divitiis obscuratur, pars est tamen divitiarum.Summus dolor plures dies manere non potest?Quod enim vituperabile est per se ipsum, id eo ipso vitium nominatum puto, vel etiam a vitio dictum vituperari.At tu eadem ista dic in iudicio aut, si coronam times, dic in senatu."}, {"text_idx": "#000098", "text": "Quo modo autem philosophus loquitur? Tamen a proposito, inquam, aberramus. Bonum negas esse divitias, praeposi\u0300tum esse dicis? Quae cum dixisset paulumque institisset, Quid est?"}, {"text_idx": "#000099", "text": "Et ille ridens: Video, inquit, quid agas; Quid est enim aliud esse versutum? Certe, nisi voluptatem tanti aestimaretis. Summum eni\u0301m bonum exposuit vacuitatem doloris; Nescio quo modo praetervolavit oratio."}, {"text_idx": "#000100", "text": "Audax negotium, dicerem impudens, nisi hoc institutum postea translatum ad philosophos nostros esset.Nam et complectitur verbis, quod vult, et dicit plane, quod intellegam;"}, {"text_idx": "#000104", "text": "Huius, Lyco, oratione locuples, rebus ipsis ielunior. Quam illa ardentis amores excitaret sui! Cur tandem? Si quicquam extra virtutem habeatur in bonis. Istic sum, inquit. Quod autem satis est, eo quicquid accessit, nimium est; Comprehensum, quod cognitum non habet?"}, {"text_idx": "#000105", "text": "Pugnant Stoici cum Peripateticis. Nulla erit controversia. Quis est tam dissimile homini. Istam voluptatem perpetuam quis potest praestare sapienti? Praeclarae mortes sunt imperatoriae;"}, {"text_idx": "#000106", "text": "At enim hic etiam dolore. Pollicetur certe. Certe, nisi voluptatem tanti aestimaretis. Claudii libidini, qui tum erat summo ne imperio, dederetur. Polycratem Samium felicem appellabant."}, {"text_idx": "#000107", "text": "Prave, nequiter, turpiter cenabat; Omnia contraria, quos etiam insanos esse vultis. Satis est ad hoc responsum. Immo videri fortasse."}, {"text_idx": "#000109", "text": "Illud urgueam, non intellegere eum quid sibi dicendum sit, cum dolorem summum malum esse dixerit.Sed in rebus apertissimis nimium longi sumus.Non potes ergo ista tueri, Torquate, mihi crede, si te ipse et tuas cogitationes et studia perspexeris;Mihi quidem Antiochum, quem audis, satis belle videris attendere."}, {"text_idx": "#000111", "text": "Facillimum id quidem est, inquam. Quid dubitas igitur mutare principia naturae? Duarum enim vitarum nobis erunt instituta capienda. Omnes enim iucundum motum, quo sensus hilaretur."}, {"text_idx": "#000112", "text": "Quia dolori non voluptas contraria est, sed doloris privatio.Sed ad illum redeo.Nec hoc ille non vidit, sed verborum magnificentia est et gloria delectatus.Hoc sic expositum dissimile est superiori.Et quidem iure fortasse, sed tamen non gravissimum est testimonium multitudinis."}, {"text_idx": "#000113", "text": "Conferam tecum, quam cuique verso rem subicias;Sic enim censent, oportunitatis esse beate vivere.Quam illa ardentis amores excitaret sui! Cur tandem?Si verbum sequimur, primum longius verbum praepositum quam bonum."}, {"text_idx": "#000114", "text": "Beatus sibi videtur esse moriens. Ut pulsi recurrant? Gloriosa ostentatio in constituendo summo bono. Haec para/doca illi, nos admirabilia dicamus. Quia dolori non voluptas contraria est, sed doloris privatio. Quid autem habent admirationis, cum prope accesseris?"}, {"text_idx": "#000115", "text": "Quae cum dixisset, finem ille. Haec dicuntur inconstantissime. Bonum incolumis acies: misera caecitas. Duo Reges: constructio interrete."}, {"text_idx": "#000116", "text": "Legimus tamen Diogenem, Antipatrum, Mnesarchum, Panaetium, multos alios in primisque familiarem nostrum Posidonium.Quaesita enim virtus est, non quae relinqueret naturam, sed quae tueretur.Satisne ergo pudori consulat, si quis sine teste libidini pareat?Quid, si etiam iucunda memoria est praeteritorum malorum?"}, {"text_idx": "#000118", "text": "Ut pulsi recurrant? Sequitur disserendi ratio cognitioque naturae; At ille pellit, qui permulcet sensum voluptate. Quod ea non occurrentia fingunt, vincunt Aristonem;"}, {"text_idx": "#000119", "text": "Tum Piso: Quoniam igitur aliquid omnes, quid Lucius noster? Compensabatur, inquit, cum summis doloribus laetitia. Quam illa ardentis amores excitaret sui! Cur tandem? Quis est tam dissimile homini."}, {"text_idx": "#000120", "text": "Utilitatis causa amicitia est quaesita. Quae similitudo in genere etiam humano apparet."}, {"text_idx": "#000122", "text": "Et quidem iure fortasse, sed tamen non gravissimum est testimonium multitudinis.In quibus doctissimi illi veteres inesse quiddam caeleste et divinum putaverunt.Si enim ad populum me vocas, eum.Sed tamen enitar et, si minus multa mihi occurrent, non fugiam ista popularia.Quasi ego id curem, quid ille aiat aut neget.Hominum non spinas vellentium, ut Stoici, nec ossa nudantium, sed eorum, qui grandia ornate vellent, enucleate minora dicere."}, {"text_idx": "#000123", "text": "Diodorus, eius auditor, adiungit ad honestatem vacuitatem doloris. Quid dubitas igitur mutare principia naturae? Satis est ad hoc responsum. Eam stabilem appellas. Nam Pyrrho, Aristo, Erillus iam diu abiecti. Cave putes quicquam esse verius."}, {"text_idx": "#000124", "text": "Conferam tecum, quam cuique verso rem subicias; Hic nihil fuit, quod quaereremus. Negat esse eam, inquit, propter se expetendam. Aliter enim explicari, quod quaeritur, non potest. Quo igitur, inquit, modo? Qui est in parvis malis."}, {"text_idx": "#000125", "text": "Sed in rebus apertissimis nimium longi sumus. Quod non faceret, si in voluptate summum bonum poneret. Cyrenaici quidem non recusant; Et quidem, inquit, vehementer errat; Nihil sane. Qua ex cognitione facilior facta est investigatio rerum occultissimarum."}, {"text_idx": "#000126", "text": "At enim hic etiam dolore. Et quidem, inquit, vehementer errat; Cave putes quicquam esse verius. Immo alio genere; Atqui reperies, inquit, in hoc quidem pertinacem; Ratio quidem vestra sic cogit."}, {"text_idx": "#000127", "text": "Haec para/doca illi, nos admirabilia dicamus.Commoda autem et incommoda in eo genere sunt, quae praeposita et reiecta diximus;Duo enim genera quae erant, fecit tria.Sed tamen enitar et, si minus multa mihi occurrent, non fugiam ista popularia.Quamquam ex omnibus philosophis Stoici plurima novaverunt, Zenoque, eorum princeps, non tam rerum inventor fuit quam verborum novorum."}, {"text_idx": "#000128", "text": "Etenim nec iustitia nec amicitia esse omnino poterunt, nisi ipsae per se expetuntur.Traditur, inquit, ab Epicuro ratio neglegendi doloris.Quae autem natura suae primae institutionis oblita est?Te enim iudicem aequum puto, modo quae dicat ille bene noris.At habetur! Et ego id scilicet nesciebam! Sed ut sit, etiamne post mortem coletur?"}, {"text_idx": "#000129", "text": "At ille non pertimuit saneque fidenter: Istis quidem ipsis verbis, inquit;Sextilio Rufo, cum is rem ad amicos ita deferret, se esse heredem Q."}, {"text_idx": "#000130", "text": "Unum est sine dolore esse, alterum cum voluptate. Bonum integritas corporis: misera debilitas. Id mihi magnum videtur."}, {"text_idx": "#000132", "text": "Non quam nostram quidem, inquit Pomponius iocans; Sed tu istuc dixti bene Latine, parum plane. Memini me adesse P."}, {"text_idx": "#000133", "text": "Tecum optime, deinde etiam cum mediocri amico. Quae sequuntur igitur? Sed ego in hoc resisto; Si quicquam extra virtutem habeatur in bonis. Explanetur igitur. Ad eas enim res ab Epicuro praecepta dantur. De quibus cupio scire quid sentias. Nos commodius agimus."}, {"text_idx": "#000134", "text": "Quamquam te quidem video minime esse deterritum. Duo Reges: constructio interrete. Apud ceteros autem philosophos, qui quaesivit aliquid, tacet; Magna laus."}, {"text_idx": "#000135", "text": "Omnia contraria, quos etiam insanos esse vultis. Sed ego in hoc resisto; Nunc agendum est subtilius. Qua tu etiam inprudens utebare non numquam."}, {"text_idx": "#000136", "text": "At coluit ipse amicitias. Ea possunt paria non esse. Quia nec honesto quic quam honestius nec turpi turpius. Cur post Tarentum ad Archytam? Moriatur, inquit."}, {"text_idx": "#000137", "text": "Multoque hoc melius nos veriusque quam Stoici.Cur tantas regiones barbarorum pedibus obiit, tot maria transmisit?"}, {"text_idx": "#000138", "text": "Poterat autem inpune; Itaque ad tempus ad Pisonem omnes. A mene tu? Si quae forte-possumus. Praeclare hoc quidem. Quae cum essent dicta, discessimus. Igitur ne dolorem quidem. Egone quaeris, inquit, quid sentiam?"}, {"text_idx": "#000140", "text": "Septem autem illi non suo, sed populorum suffragio omnium nominati sunt.Quod dicit Epicurus etiam de voluptate, quae minime sint voluptates, eas obscurari saepe et obrui.Num igitur eum postea censes anxio animo aut sollicito fuisse?"}, {"text_idx": "#000143", "text": "Ut alios omittam, hunc appello, quem ille unum secutus est.Ab his oratores, ab his imperatores ac rerum publicarum principes extiterunt."}, {"text_idx": "#000144", "text": "Hic quoque suus est de summoque bono dissentiens dici vere Peripateticus non potest.Nam aliquando posse recte fieri dicunt nulla expectata nec quaesita voluptate."}, {"text_idx": "#000146", "text": "Sed haec quidem liberius ab eo dicuntur et saepius. Praeclare hoc quidem. Istam voluptatem, inquit, Epicurus ignorat? Oratio me istius philosophi non offendit;"}, {"text_idx": "#000147", "text": "A mene tu? At iam decimum annum in spelunca iacet. Quonam modo? Quis hoc dicit?"}, {"text_idx": "#000148", "text": "Sit enim idem caecus, debilis. At ille pellit, qui permulcet sensum voluptate. Occultum facinus esse potuerit, gaudebit; Aliter enim nosmet ipsos nosse non possumus. Prioris generis est docilitas, memoria; Summum a vobis bonum voluptas dicitur. Certe non potest."}, {"text_idx": "#000149", "text": "Non potes, nisi retexueris illa. Ita prorsus, inquam;"}, {"text_idx": "#000150", "text": "Quod ea non occurrentia fingunt, vincunt Aristonem; Quod cum dixissent, ille contra."}, {"text_idx": "#000153", "text": "Inde igitur, inquit, ordiendum est.Quae autem natura suae primae institutionis oblita est?Hoc ne statuam quidem dicturam pater aiebat, si loqui posset.Quasi ego id curem, quid ille aiat aut neget.Dic in quovis conventu te omnia facere, ne doleas.Ego vero isti, inquam, permitto."}, {"text_idx": "#000157", "text": "Nam quid possumus facere melius? Memini vero, inquam; Facile est hoc cernere in primis puerorum aetatulis."}, {"text_idx": "#000158", "text": "Nam si beatus umquam fuisset, beatam vitam usque ad illum a Cyro extructum rogum pertulisset.Ut alios omittam, hunc appello, quem ille unum secutus est.Perturbationes autem nulla naturae vi commoventur, omniaque ea sunt opiniones ac iudicia levitatis.Nonne videmus quanta perturbatio rerum omnium consequatur, quanta confusio?Sin aliud quid voles, postea."}, {"text_idx": "#000159", "text": "Si longus, levis. Quis enim redargueret? Peccata paria. Aufert enim sensus actionemque tollit omnem. Maximus dolor, inquit, brevis est. Quae duo sunt, unum facit."}, {"text_idx": "#000160", "text": "Isto modo ne improbos quidem, si essent boni viri.Quae fere omnia appellantur uno ingenii nomine, easque virtutes qui habent, ingeniosi vocantur.Id Sextilius factum negabat.An vero, inquit, quisquam potest probare, quod perceptfum, quod.Quem quidem vos, cum improbis poenam proponitis, inpetibilem facitis, cum sapientem semper boni plus habere vultis, tolerabilem."}, {"text_idx": "#000161", "text": "Prioris generis est docilitas, memoria; Graccho, eius fere, aequali\u0301? Quo tandem modo? Sed quod proximum fuit non vidit. Idem iste, inquam, de voluptate quid sentit? Cur haec eadem Democritus? Restatis igitur vos; De vacuitate doloris eadem sententia erit."}, {"text_idx": "#000162", "text": "Sed quae tandem ista ratio est? Tanta vis admonitionis inest in locis; Iam id ipsum absurdum, maximum malum neglegi. Quis istum dolorem timet? Sed plane dicit quod intellegit. Sed quod proximum fuit non vidit."}, {"text_idx": "#000163", "text": "Ita multa dicunt, quae vix intellegam. An hoc usque quaque, aliter in vita? Quare conare, quaeso. Et ille ridens: Video, inquit, quid agas; Estne, quaeso, inquam, sitienti in bibendo voluptas? Quid, quod res alia tota est?"}, {"text_idx": "#000165", "text": "Nemo nostrum istius generis asotos iucunde putat vivere. Poterat autem inpune; Rhetorice igitur, inquam, nos mavis quam dialectice disputare? Hoc non est positum in nostra actione. At enim hic etiam dolore. Ostendit pedes et pectus."}, {"text_idx": "#000169", "text": "Eam tum adesse, cum dolor omnis absit; Sed virtutem ipsam inchoavit, nihil amplius. Quid vero? Ne discipulum abducam, times. Quid de Pythagora?"}, {"text_idx": "#000170", "text": "Levatio igitur vitiorum magna fit in iis, qui habent ad virtutem progressionis aliquantum.Sed haec nihil sane ad rem;Huius ego nunc auctoritatem sequens idem faciam.Iam doloris medicamenta illa Epicurea tamquam de narthecio proment: Si gravis, brevis;"}, {"text_idx": "#000171", "text": "At hoc in eo M. Haec dicuntur inconstantissime. Quae cum magnifice primo dici viderentur, considerata minus probabantur. Bonum integritas corporis: misera debilitas."}, {"text_idx": "#000172", "text": "Et quod est munus, quod opus sapientiae? Pauca mutat vel plura sane; Sin tantum modo ad indicia veteris memoriae cognoscenda, curiosorum. Non igitur bene. Tu quidem reddes;"}, {"text_idx": "#000173", "text": "Graccho, eius fere, aequali\u0301? Aliter enim explicari, quod quaeritur, non potest. Est enim effectrix multarum et magnarum voluptatum. Idemne, quod iucunde? Hic nihil fuit, quod quaereremus. Consequentia exquirere, quoad sit id, quod volumus, effectum. Quorum sine causa fieri nihil putandum est. Quia dolori non voluptas contraria est, sed doloris privatio."}, {"text_idx": "#000174", "text": "Sed hoc sane concedamus. Traditur, inquit, ab Epicuro ratio neglegendi doloris. Quid autem habent admirationis, cum prope accesseris? Apparet statim, quae sint officia, quae actiones. Etenim semper illud extra est, quod arte comprehenditur. Nam quid possumus facere melius?"}, {"text_idx": "#000175", "text": "Memini vero, inquam; Si longus, levis. Quod totum contra est. At certe gravius. Numquam facies. Ille enim occurrentia nescio quae comminiscebatur; Quid adiuvas?"}, {"text_idx": "#000177", "text": "Quae quidem sapientes sequuntur duce natura tamquam videntes;Aliena dixit in physicis nec ea ipsa, quae tibi probarentur;Hoc non est positum in nostra actione.At Zeno eum non beatum modo, sed etiam divitem dicere ausus est."}, {"text_idx": "#000179", "text": "Tamen a proposito, inquam, aberramus. Tu vero, inquam, ducas licet, si sequetur; Cave putes quicquam esse verius. Duo enim genera quae erant, fecit tria. Nec vero alia sunt quaerenda contra Carneadeam illam sententiam. Nosti, credo, illud: Nemo pius est, qui pietatem-;"}, {"text_idx": "#000180", "text": "Quid nunc honeste dicit? Proclivi currit oratio. Nulla erit controversia. Duarum enim vitarum nobis erunt instituta capienda. Sit sane ista voluptas. Putabam equidem satis, inquit, me dixisse. Sequitur disserendi ratio cognitioque naturae;"}, {"text_idx": "#000181", "text": "Hoc ne statuam quidem dicturam pater aiebat, si loqui posset.Magna laus.Facit enim ille duo seiuncta ultima bonorum, quae ut essent vera, coniungi debuerunt;Ut pulsi recurrant?Nemo nostrum istius generis asotos iucunde putat vivere.Aliter homines, aliter philosophos loqui putas oportere?"}, {"text_idx": "#000182", "text": "Et harum quidem rerum facilis est et expedita distinctio.Quia nec honesto quic quam honestius nec turpi turpius.Cum autem venissemus in Academiae non sine causa nobilitata spatia, solitudo erat ea, quam volueramus."}, {"text_idx": "#000183", "text": "Quonam, inquit, modo?Et ille ridens: Video, inquit, quid agas;Et ille ridens: Video, inquit, quid agas;"}, {"text_idx": "#000187", "text": "Sine ea igitur iucunde negat posse se vivere? Quodsi ipsam honestatem undique pertectam atque absolutam. Facillimum id quidem est, inquam. Praeclarae mortes sunt imperatoriae; Verum hoc idem saepe faciamus. Que Manilium, ab iisque M. Prioris generis est docilitas, memoria;"}, {"text_idx": "#000188", "text": "Duarum enim vitarum nobis erunt instituta capienda. Hoc enim constituto in philosophia constituta sunt omnia."}, {"text_idx": "#000192", "text": "Sequitur disserendi ratio cognitioque naturae; Vide, quantum, inquam, fallare, Torquate. Sed tamen intellego quid velit. Nunc haec primum fortasse audientis servire debemus. Duarum enim vitarum nobis erunt instituta capienda. An tu me de L. Ac tamen hic mallet non dolere."}, {"text_idx": "#000194", "text": "Hic ambiguo ludimur. Illi enim inter se dissentiunt. Easdemne res? Praeclare hoc quidem. Primum quid tu dicis breve? Quid nunc honeste dicit?"}, {"text_idx": "#000195", "text": "Quod si ita se habeat, non possit beatam praestare vitam sapientia.Quid est enim aliud esse versutum?Quae cum praeponunt, ut sit aliqua rerum selectio, naturam videntur sequi;Quid igitur dubitamus in tota eius natura quaerere quid sit effectum?"}, {"text_idx": "#000198", "text": "Sed nunc, quod agimus; Hanc quoque iucunditatem, si vis, transfer in animum; Sed eum qui audiebant, quoad poterant, defendebant sententiam suam. Quis enim potest ea, quae probabilia videantur ei, non probare? Conferam tecum, quam cuique verso rem subicias;"}, {"text_idx": "#000199", "text": "Immo videri fortasse.Non enim iam stirpis bonum quaeret, sed animalis.Id et fieri posse et saepe esse factum et ad voluptates percipiendas maxime pertinere.Quis non odit sordidos, vanos, leves, futtiles?Id Sextilius factum negabat."}, {"text_idx": "#000200", "text": "Qua tu etiam inprudens utebare non numquam. Non est igitur summum malum dolor. Cum id fugiunt, re eadem defendunt, quae Peripatetici, verba. Potius inflammat, ut coercendi magis quam dedocendi esse videantur. Non semper, inquam; Fortasse id optimum, sed ubi illud: Plus semper voluptatis?"}, {"text_idx": "#000201", "text": "Omnium enim rerum principia parva sunt, sed suis progressionibus usa augentur nec sine causa;Nam si propter voluptatem, quae est ista laus, quae possit e macello peti?Bona autem corporis huic sunt, quod posterius posui, similiora."}, {"text_idx": "#000207", "text": "Portenta haec esse dicit, neque ea ratione ullo modo posse vivi;Omnia peccata paria dicitis.Sed et illum, quem nominavi, et ceteros sophistas, ut e Platone intellegi potest, lusos videmus a Socrate.Tum Piso: Quoniam igitur aliquid omnes, quid Lucius noster?Videmusne ut pueri ne verberibus quidem a contemplandis rebus perquirendisque deterreantur?Non pugnem cum homine, cur tantum habeat in natura boni;Non quaero, quid dicat, sed quid convenienter possit rationi et sententiae suae dicere."}, {"text_idx": "#000209", "text": "Mihi, inquam, qui te id ipsum rogavi? In schola desinis. Traditur, inquit, ab Epicuro ratio neglegendi doloris. At iam decimum annum in spelunca iacet. Sed fac ista esse non inportuna;"}, {"text_idx": "#000210", "text": "Quo modo autem philosophus loquitur? Non enim iam stirpis bonum quaeret, sed animalis. Videsne quam sit magna dissensio? Itaque contra est, ac dicitis;"}, {"text_idx": "#000211", "text": "Multa sunt dicta ab antiquis de contemnendis ac despiciendis rebus humanis;Nonne videmus quanta perturbatio rerum omnium consequatur, quanta confusio?Quid ad utilitatem tantae pecuniae?Si ista mala sunt, in quae potest incidere sapiens, sapientem esse non esse ad beate vivendum satis."}, {"text_idx": "#000212", "text": "Quis enim est, qui non videat haec esse in natura rerum tria?Potius inflammat, ut coercendi magis quam dedocendi esse videantur."}, {"text_idx": "#000213", "text": "Non enim iam stirpis bonum quaeret, sed animalis. Hic ambiguo ludimur. Sed virtutem ipsam inchoavit, nihil amplius. Peccata paria."}, {"text_idx": "#000214", "text": "Duo Reges: constructio interrete. Quae quidem vel cum periculo est quaerenda vobis; Aliter enim nosmet ipsos nosse non possumus. Iam contemni non poteris. Respondeat totidem verbis. Beatus sibi videtur esse moriens."}, {"text_idx": "#000215", "text": "Quae cum dixisset, finem ille. Ut aliquid scire se gaudeant? Ut proverbia non nulla veriora sint quam vestra dogmata."}, {"text_idx": "#000216", "text": "Urgent tamen et nihil remittunt. Sed ad bona praeterita redeamus. Quae contraria sunt his, malane? Qui-vere falsone, quaerere mittimus-dicitur oculis se privasse;"}, {"text_idx": "#000217", "text": "Nonne igitur tibi videntur, inquit, mala? At enim hic etiam dolore. Nemo nostrum istius generis asotos iucunde putat vivere."}, {"text_idx": "#000218", "text": "Sed eum qui audiebant, quoad poterant, defendebant sententiam suam.Aliter enim explicari, quod quaeritur, non potest.Qua tu etiam inprudens utebare non numquam.Nihil acciderat ei, quod nollet, nisi quod anulum, quo delectabatur, in mari abiecerat.Tu autem, si tibi illa probabantur, cur non propriis verbis ea tenebas?Intellegi quidem, ut propter aliam quampiam rem, verbi gratia propter voluptatem, nos amemus;"}, {"text_idx": "#000219", "text": "Quo tandem modo? At iam decimum annum in spelunca iacet. Non laboro, inquit, de nomine. Praeteritis, inquit, gaudeo. Illa tamen simplicia, vestra versuta. Tum Triarius: Posthac quidem, inquit, audacius."}, {"text_idx": "#000220", "text": "An me, inquam, nisi te audire vellem, censes haec dicturum fuisse?Ergo et avarus erit, sed finite, et adulter, verum habebit modum, et luxuriosus eodem modo.Vitiosum est enim in dividendo partem in genere numerare.Dulce amarum, leve asperum, prope longe, stare movere, quadratum rotundum.Huius ego nunc auctoritatem sequens idem faciam.Vitae autem degendae ratio maxime quidem illis placuit quieta."}, {"text_idx": "#000221", "text": "Sed potestne rerum maior esse dissensio? Quid turpius quam sapientis vitam ex insipientium sermone pendere? Bonum liberi: misera orbitas. Aliter enim nosmet ipsos nosse non possumus. Gerendus est mos, modo recte sentiat. Tamen a proposito, inquam, aberramus."}, {"text_idx": "#000223", "text": "Quare obscurentur etiam haec, quae secundum naturam esse dicimus, in vita beata;Quae quidem vel cum periculo est quaerenda vobis;Haec mihi videtur delicatior, ut ita dicam, molliorque ratio, quam virtutis vis gravitasque postulat.Mihi enim erit isdem istis fortasse iam utendum."}, {"text_idx": "#000225", "text": "Ut enim consuetudo loquitur, id solum dicitur honestum, quod est populari fama gloriosum.Duo Reges: constructio interrete.Nam et a te perfici istam disputationem volo, nec tua mihi oratio longa videri potest."}, {"text_idx": "#000226", "text": "Ille enim occurrentia nescio quae comminiscebatur;Potius inflammat, ut coercendi magis quam dedocendi esse videantur.Sit enim idem caecus, debilis.Respondent extrema primis, media utrisque, omnia omnibus."}, {"text_idx": "#000228", "text": "Qualem igitur hominem natura inchoavit? Proclivi currit oratio. Itaque ad tempus ad Pisonem omnes. Aperiendum est igitur, quid sit voluptas; Cave putes quicquam esse verius."}, {"text_idx": "#000229", "text": "Hoc est non dividere, sed frangere. Quorum sine causa fieri nihil putandum est. Primum in nostrane potestate est, quid meminerimus? Quippe: habes enim a rhetoribus; Istam voluptatem, inquit, Epicurus ignorat? Hoc loco tenere se Triarius non potuit."}, {"text_idx": "#000230", "text": "A villa enim, credo, et: Si ibi te esse scissem, ad te ipse venissem.Si est nihil nisi corpus, summa erunt illa: valitudo, vacuitas doloris, pulchritudo, cetera.Sic consequentibus vestris sublatis prima tolluntur.Ut scias me intellegere, primum idem esse dico voluptatem, quod ille don.Non elogia monimentorum id significant, velut hoc ad portam: Hunc unum plurimae consentiunt gentes populi primarium fuisse virum."}, {"text_idx": "#000231", "text": "Nam Metrodorum non puto ipsum professum, sed, cum appellaretur ab Epicuro, repudiare tantum beneficium noluisse;Ex quo illud efficitur, qui bene cenent omnis libenter cenare, qui libenter, non continuo bene.Nec tamen ille erat sapiens quis enim hoc aut quando aut ubi aut unde?Nam nec vir bonus ac iustus haberi debet qui, ne malum habeat, abstinet se ab iniuria.Hoc dixerit potius Ennius: Nimium boni est, cui nihil est mali.Sequitur disserendi ratio cognitioque naturae;"}, {"text_idx": "#000233", "text": "Collatio igitur ista te nihil iuvat. Qualem igitur hominem natura inchoavit? Est enim effectrix multarum et magnarum voluptatum. Erat enim Polemonis."}, {"text_idx": "#000235", "text": "Respondent extrema primis, media utrisque, omnia omnibus. Huius, Lyco, oratione locuples, rebus ipsis ielunior. Apparet statim, quae sint officia, quae actiones."}, {"text_idx": "#000236", "text": "An hoc usque quaque, aliter in vita?Causa autem fuit huc veniendi ut quosdam hinc libros promerem.Atque his de rebus et splendida est eorum et illustris oratio.Dolere malum est: in crucem qui agitur, beatus esse non potest.Quid de Platone aut de Democrito loquar?"}, {"text_idx": "#000237", "text": "Quam nemo umquam voluptatem appellavit, appellat; Hunc vos beatum; Duo Reges: constructio interrete."}, {"text_idx": "#000238", "text": "Eam tum adesse, cum dolor omnis absit; Itaque hic ipse iam pridem est reiectus; Gerendus est mos, modo recte sentiat. Expectoque quid ad id, quod quaerebam, respondeas."}, {"text_idx": "#000241", "text": "Sint ista Graecorum; Videamus animi partes, quarum est conspectus illustrior; At enim hic etiam dolore. Est, ut dicis, inquit; Idem iste, inquam, de voluptate quid sentit?"}, {"text_idx": "#000243", "text": "Praeteritis, inquit, gaudeo. Eadem nunc mea adversum te oratio est. Itaque sensibus rationem adiunxit et ratione effecta sensus non reliquit. Minime vero, inquit ille, consentit."}, {"text_idx": "#000244", "text": "Sed haec in pueris; Sed ad rem redeamus; Faceres tu quidem, Torquate, haec omnia; Restatis igitur vos; Hic ambiguo ludimur. Ratio quidem vestra sic cogit. Videamus animi partes, quarum est conspectus illustrior; Est, ut dicis, inquam. Ut optime, secundum naturam affectum esse possit."}, {"text_idx": "#000249", "text": "De hominibus dici non necesse est. Hoc est non dividere, sed frangere. Primum quid tu dicis breve? Inde igitur, inquit, ordiendum est. Eadem nunc mea adversum te oratio est. Aliter homines, aliter philosophos loqui putas oportere?"}, {"text_idx": "#000250", "text": "Quae duo sunt, unum facit. Quis non odit sordidos, vanos, leves, futtiles? Profectus in exilium Tubulus statim nec respondere ausus; An eiusdem modi? Recte dicis;"}, {"text_idx": "#000251", "text": "Quorum altera prosunt, nocent altera. Prodest, inquit, mihi eo esse animo. Quid censes in Latino fore? Proclivi currit oratio. Iam enim adesse poterit. Id enim natura desiderat."}, {"text_idx": "#000252", "text": "Et quidem, inquit, vehementer errat; Sin aliud quid voles, postea. Bestiarum vero nullum iudicium puto. Apparet statim, quae sint officia, quae actiones. Nos commodius agimus. De quibus cupio scire quid sentias."}, {"text_idx": "#000253", "text": "Bonum integritas corporis: misera debilitas. Dici enim nihil potest verius. Huius ego nunc auctoritatem sequens idem faciam."}, {"text_idx": "#000254", "text": "Ut alios omittam, hunc appello, quem ille unum secutus est.Nihil minus, contraque illa hereditate dives ob eamque rem laetus.Res enim se praeclare habebat, et quidem in utraque parte.Qua ex cognitione facilior facta est investigatio rerum occultissimarum.Maximus dolor, inquit, brevis est."}, {"text_idx": "#000257", "text": "Quid, si etiam iucunda memoria est praeteritorum malorum? Pauca mutat vel plura sane; Sed nimis multa. Quid autem habent admirationis, cum prope accesseris? Estne, quaeso, inquam, sitienti in bibendo voluptas? Sed residamus, inquit, si placet."}, {"text_idx": "#000260", "text": "Quod cum ita sit, perspicuum est omnis rectas res atque laudabilis eo referri, ut cum voluptate vivatur.Nos quidem Virtutes sic natae sumus, ut tibi serviremus, aliud negotii nihil habemus.Stulti autem malorum memoria torquentur, sapientes bona praeterita grata recordatione renovata delectant.Pugnant Stoici cum Peripateticis."}, {"text_idx": "#000261", "text": "Illud non continuo, ut aeque incontentae. Ut aliquid scire se gaudeant? An potest, inquit ille, quicquam esse suavius quam nihil dolere? An tu me de L."}, {"text_idx": "#000263", "text": "Recte, inquit, intellegis. Virtutis, magnitudinis animi, patientiae, fortitudinis fomentis dolor mitigari solet. Sed haec in pueris; Quo igitur, inquit, modo? Disserendi artem nullam habuit. Praeteritis, inquit, gaudeo. Quibusnam praeteritis? Sed tamen intellego quid velit."}, {"text_idx": "#000264", "text": "Istic sum, inquit. Sedulo, inquam, faciam. Sic enim censent, oportunitatis esse beate vivere. Quid, quod res alia tota est? Nihil enim iam habes, quod ad corpus referas; Eam stabilem appellas. Itaque hic ipse iam pridem est reiectus;"}, {"text_idx": "#000265", "text": "Eam tum adesse, cum dolor omnis absit;Qui enim existimabit posse se miserum esse beatus non erit.Cur igitur, cum de re conveniat, non malumus usitate loqui?"}, {"text_idx": "#000266", "text": "Praeclare hoc quidem. Eadem nunc mea adversum te oratio est. De vacuitate doloris eadem sententia erit. Quodsi ipsam honestatem undique pertectam atque absolutam. Laboro autem non sine causa; Sed quid sentiat, non videtis. Quod quidem nobis non saepe contingit."}, {"text_idx": "#000267", "text": "Non igitur bene. Nos cum te, M. Sed ad bona praeterita redeamus. Est enim effectrix multarum et magnarum voluptatum. Summus dolor plures dies manere non potest? Nonne videmus quanta perturbatio rerum omnium consequatur, quanta confusio?"}, {"text_idx": "#000268", "text": "Sed vobis voluptatum perceptarum recordatio vitam beatam facit, et quidem corpore perceptarum.Quo modo autem optimum, si bonum praeterea nullum est?Negat esse eam, inquit, propter se expetendam.Tum Torquatus: Prorsus, inquit, assentior;Sed emolumenta communia esse dicuntur, recte autem facta et peccata non habentur communia.Vos autem cum perspicuis dubia debeatis illustrare, dubiis perspicua conamini tollere."}, {"text_idx": "#000269", "text": "Sin tantum modo ad indicia veteris memoriae cognoscenda, curiosorum. Non laboro, inquit, de nomine."}, {"text_idx": "#000275", "text": "Sed residamus, inquit, si placet. Vide, quantum, inquam, fallare, Torquate. Idemne, quod iucunde? Egone quaeris, inquit, quid sentiam? Ratio quidem vestra sic cogit. Hoc non est positum in nostra actione. Non est igitur summum malum dolor. Quodsi ipsam honestatem undique pertectam atque absolutam."}, {"text_idx": "#000276", "text": "At iam decimum annum in spelunca iacet.Idque testamento cavebit is, qui nobis quasi oraculum ediderit nihil post mortem ad nos pertinere?Si quicquam extra virtutem habeatur in bonis.Sin autem est in ea, quod quidam volunt, nihil impedit hanc nostram comprehensionem summi boni."}, {"text_idx": "#000278", "text": "Itaque in rebus minime obscuris non multus est apud eos disserendi labor.Sed ille, ut dixi, vitiose.Possumusne ergo in vita summum bonum dicere, cum id ne in cena quidem posse videamur?Quae hic rei publicae vulnera inponebat, eadem ille sanabat.Est enim effectrix multarum et magnarum voluptatum."}, {"text_idx": "#000279", "text": "Non est igitur summum malum dolor. Itaque hic ipse iam pridem est reiectus; Sed hoc sane concedamus. Reguli reiciendam; Simus igitur contenti his. Sed quot homines, tot sententiae;"}, {"text_idx": "#000280", "text": "Quid est, quod ab ea absolvi et perfici debeat? Quae cum essent dicta, discessimus. Sed plane dicit quod intellegit. Quid, quod res alia tota est? Hic ambiguo ludimur. Quodcumque in mentem incideret, et quodcumque tamquam occurreret."}]