[{"text_idx": "#000002", "text": "Dros y blynyddoedd diwethaf, mae Awdurdod Parc Cenedlaethol Eryri wedi bod yn adnewyddu Yr Ysgwrn, cartref Hedd Wyn, a chyda\u2019r gwaith bellach yn dod i ben, yr Awdurdod sydd wedi rhoi\u2019r Gadair eleni. Ym mlwyddyn canmlwyddiant y Gadair Ddu, mae\u2019r gadair erbyn hyn wedi\u2019i hadfer i\u2019w gogoniant gwreiddiol, yn barod i gael ei gweld unwaith eto yng nghartref y bardd ifanc yn Nhrawsfynydd."}, {"text_idx": "#000003", "text": "Ac mae dolen bwysig arall rhwng Hedd Wyn a Chadair Eisteddfod Ynys Mo\u0302n eleni, gan fod Cadair 2017 wedi\u2019i chreu\u2019n rhannol o ynn a derw a lifiwyd o goed a dyfodd ar dir Yr Ysgwrn, coed a fyddai wedi bod yn tyfu yno yn nyddiau Hedd Wyn ei hun. Y crefftwr ifanc, Rhodri Owen, sy\u2019n egluro: \u201cMae\u2019r syniad o ail-eni a symud ymlaen yn ganolog i gysyniad y Gadair eleni. Ond mae\u2019r ddolen gyda\u2019r gorffennol hefyd yn bwysig, ac felly fe fu\u0302m yn ystyried siapiau\u2019r offer ac arfau a fyddai\u2019n cael eu defnyddio\u2019n ddyddiol mewn ardal wledig ganrif yn o\u0302l, gan eu datblygu a\u2019u mewnosod yn y cynllun."}, {"text_idx": "#000004", "text": "\u201cMae\u2019r ddwy goes o\u0302l yn codi tua\u2019r \u2018lloer\u2019 ac ar sia\u0302p pladuriaid, a gwaelod y cefn ar sia\u0302p dau haearn marcio, a fyddai wedi\u2019u defnyddio i farcio\u2019r tywyrch cyn torri\u2019r mawn ym myd amaeth. Mae\u2019r ddau sia\u0302p cefn wrth gefn yn creu un haearn donni, a fyddai\u2019n torri\u2019r dywarchen ar o\u0302l ei marcio, yn pwyntio tua\u2019r is-fyd, gan gynrychioli tywyllwch a marwolaeth, tra bo pen y Gadair a\u2019r Nod Cyfrin yn cynrychioli goleuni a bywyd newydd."}, {"text_idx": "#000005", "text": "The Hero was the title of the poem for the Chair competition a century ago at the Eisteddfod of the Black Chair in Birkenhead, when Ellis Humphrey Evans, Hedd Wyn, won the Chair. The young soldier-poet had been killed in action weeks before the ceremony, and a black shroud was placed on the Chair in his honour. In 2017, the National Eisteddfod remembers the young poet\u2019s sacrifice and the loss of a generation of young men to Wales."}, {"text_idx": "#000006", "text": "Over the past few years, the Snowdonia National Park Authority has been restoring Yr Ysgwrn, the home of Hedd Wyn, and with the work now complete, the Authority has donated this year\u2019s Eisteddfod Chair. In the centenary year of the Black Chair, the original chair has been restored to its former glory, and can now be seen at the young poet\u2019s home in Trawsfynydd."}, {"text_idx": "#000007", "text": "And there is another important link between Hedd Wyn and the Anglesey National Eisteddfod Chair this year, as the 2017 Chair has been partly crafted from ash and oak wood sawn from trees growing in the grounds of Yr Ysgwrn; trees which would have been growing there during Hedd Wyn\u2019s lifetime. The Chair\u2019s creator, Rhodri Owen, explains, \u201cThe idea of reincarnation and moving forward is central to the concept of this year\u2019s Chair. But the link with the past is also very important, and I considered the shapes of the tools and implements used daily in rural life a century ago when working on the design."}, {"text_idx": "#000008", "text": "\u201cRydw i hefyd wedi cadw mewn cof y ffaith mai ym Mo\u0302n y cynhelir yr Eisteddfod eleni, ac wrth gwrs, mae\u2019r cyswllt Celtaidd felly\u2019n amlwg, a\u2019r syniad Celtaidd o ail-eni a symud o\u2019r tywyllwch i\u2019r goleuni sydd i\u2019w weld yng nghynllun y Gadair. Mae egin bywyd yn codi wrth i\u2019r du\u0308wch ildio i oleuni a\u2019r gobaith o fywyd newydd, heddychlon mewn oes o ansicrwydd gwleidyddol byd-eang ac argyfwng hunaniaethol y Cymry."}, {"text_idx": "#000009", "text": "\u201cRoedd hi\u2019n bwysig i\u2019r Parc ac i minnau fod y Gadair yn cyfleu ei neges ei hun, ac rwy\u2019n gobeithio fy mod wedi gwireddu hyn, gan roi\u2019r pwyslais ar gamu ymlaen yn hyderus fel cenedl o Gymry i ddyfodol newydd, gwell a heddychlon.\u201d"}, {"text_idx": "#000011", "text": "\u201cI\u2019ve also considered the fact that this year\u2019s Eisteddfod is held in Anglesey, so the Celtic link is obvious, as are the Celtic ideals of reincarnation and moving from the dark to the light, depicted in the design. The seeds of life rise as the darkness surrenders to the light and the hope of a new, peaceful life in a time of political uncertainty worldwide and a crisis of Welsh identity."}, {"text_idx": "#000012", "text": "\u201cThe Park Authority and I wanted the Chair to convey its own message, and I hope I have achieved this, emphasising the need for the Welsh nation to confidently step forward to a new, better and peaceful future.\u201d"}]