[{"text_idx": "#000003", "text": "Cyd-destun yr ymchwil yw\u2019r Rhyfel Oer Diwylliannol ar o\u0302l 1945. Mae cryn lenyddiaeth ar UDA a\u2019i hasiantaethau, fel yr Asiantaeth Cudd-wybodaeth Ganolog (CIA); ac i raddau llai ar yr Undeb Sofietaidd ac asiantaethau fel y Swyddfa Gwybodaeth Gomiwnyddol (Cominform). Mae\u2019r defnydd o\u2019r Cenhedloedd Unedig ac UNESCO yn y frwydr ideolegol hon, gan ddefnyddio propaganda, \u2018pw\u0302er meddal\u2019 neu ddiplomyddiaeth ddiwylliannol, manteisio ar y celfyddydau, y gwyddorau, a bywyd deallusol wedi cael ei esgeuluso. Mae\u2019r prosiect yn ystyried hyn trwy adolygiad beirniadol o lenyddiaeth eilaidd ac ymchwil archifol wreiddiol. Mae\u2019n egluro ac yn gwneud cydlyniant yn fater allweddol, gan nodi gwersi ar gyfer heddiw."}, {"text_idx": "#000004", "text": "Ethnicity and education form an interdisciplinary and multilevel research field. The issues are equity, whether education promotes unity or ethnic diversity, and whether such objectives are contradictory. Interethnic relations in education are shaped by state policy as well as social, economic, and demographic processes, culture, and traditions. The relations between federal government and regions, which..."}, {"text_idx": "#000005", "text": "Reading these books, I am reminded of Francisco Goya\u2019s much discussed series of aquatint etchings Los Caprichos (The Caprices), published in 1799. The series was a critique, emphasized by sardonic captions, of contemporary Spanish society. In particular, \u201cThe Sleep of Reason Produces Monsters\u201d, No. 43 of 80, has been seen as a personal statement of..."}, {"text_idx": "#000008", "text": "The 20th century saw the catastrophes of the First and Second World Wars. International intellectual cooperation was considered necessary if humanity were to renew civilized society and build a prosperous economy to the benefit of all. Such exchange also became an instrument of ideological \u201csoft-power\u201d or cultural diplomacy, using propaganda, and exploiting the arts, sciences,..."}, {"text_idx": "#000013", "text": "The article considers what is a philosophy and its relation to education. The modern academic development of philosophy has questioned the theoretical basis of specific aspects of knowledge and human experience, including education. It is an active rather than a passive or descriptive discipline. Education is defined similarly as a process by which knowledge, skills..."}, {"text_idx": "#000015", "text": "The purpose and practice of international educational exchange has been interpreted ambivalently especially since the Second World War. The aftermath of that war saw new global and regional institutions aimed at international political, economic, and social co-operation, most notably the United Nations with its Specialized Agencies such as UNESCO. However, the period was also one..."}, {"text_idx": "#000016", "text": "Peace Review 32(4) pp 434-440 How can play, sport, and dialogue may be used as pathways to peace? In the pioneering classic of cultural history, Homo Ludens, the Dutch historian Johan Huizinga describes play as an informal voluntary activity according to guided rules accepted freely under limits of space and time. The purpose is to create..."}, {"text_idx": "#000017", "text": "Eurasian Geography and Economics, 2021, ahead-of-print, 1-3 This is a valuable, informative, and timely book. The historical period it considers, 1956\u20131991, was one in which the communist parties of Central and Eastern Europe ruled, apparently as passive satellite instruments of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. The Communist International (Comintern) was dissolved by Stalin in 1943..."}, {"text_idx": "#000018", "text": "Peace and War: Historical, Philosophical, and Anthropological Perspectives is an accessible, higher-level critical discussion of philosophical commentaries on the nature of peace and war. It introduces and analyses various philosophies of peace and war, and their continuing theoretical and practical relevance for peace studies and conflict resolution. Using a combination of both historical and contemporary philosophical perspectives,..."}, {"text_idx": "#000025", "text": "I remember Mariupol. I visited the Russian-speaking port of around 500,000 people in the summer of 1983. It was then Zhdanov, a city of the Soviet Union on the Sea of Azov, adjacent to the Black Sea. Named, as were many Soviet cities and towns, after a prominent Communist: Andrei Zhdanov, a close associate of..."}, {"text_idx": "#000026", "text": "The murderous onslaught on sovereign Ukraine by Putin and his ruling clique of siloviki, or former members of the security services, has made the world aware of the enormities characterising his regime. We already had plenty of evidence of ruthlessness: Chechnya, Georgia, Syria, fomenting ethnic division in Donbass, and the Crimea. Putin, a KGB foreign intelligence..."}, {"text_idx": "#000030", "text": "\u2018Learning to live: An era poised between enlightenment and obscurantism\u2019 gan yr Athro John Morgan wedi\u2019i chyhoeddi heddiw yn un o bapurau newydd dyddiol blaenllaw yr Eidal, Il Corriere Della Sera."}, {"text_idx": "#000041", "text": "We use cookies on our website to enhance your user experience No, give me more info"}]