[{"text_idx": "#000008", "text": "Yn ystod yr wythnosau wedi\u2019r etholiad defnyddiwyd trais i geisio atal y gwrthdystiadau yn galw am ail-gynnal yr etholiad. Yn o\u0302l arbenigwyr hawliau dynol y Cenhedloedd Unedig, mae 450 achos o arteithio wedi eu cofnodi ers dechrau\u2019r protestiadau. Cyd-safwn gyda\u2019r rhai sydd yn protestio\u2019n heddychlon a gyda chymdeithas sifil Belarws."}, {"text_idx": "#000009", "text": "Rydym hefyd wedi gweld erlid ar y cyfryngau annibynnol yn y wlad. Mae newyddiadurwyr sydd wedi bod yn adrodd ar y protestiadau wedi cael eu cadw yn y ddalfa, ac wedi wynebu trais ac ymddygiad difrifol. Mae gohebwyr tramor ynghyd a\u0302 newyddiadurwyr o Belarws sydd yn gweithio i gyfryngau tramor wedi colli eu hawliau gohebu ac mae o leiaf un newyddiadurwr wedi cael ei alltudio a\u2019i wahardd rhag dychwelyd i Belarws am 5 mlynedd. Yn y cyfamser mae\u2019r awdurdodau wedi blocio mynediad i ddwsinau o wefannau cyfryngol ac wedi atal cylchrediad y wasg brint."}, {"text_idx": "#000010", "text": "Cadwyd nifer o newyddiadurwyr ac awduron eraill yn y ddalfa ynghyd a\u0302 miloedd o bobl eraill, ers cynnal yr etholiad. Dros yr wythnos ddiwethaf, mae o leiaf wyth newyddiadurwr o Belarws wedi eu cadw yn y ddalfa am gymryd rhan mewn \u2018gwrthdystiadau anghyfreithlon\u2019."}, {"text_idx": "#000011", "text": "Mae gweithwyr eraill y sector creadigol hefyd wedi cymryd rhan weithredol yn y protestiadau heddychlon yn Belarws, gan ddefnyddio\u2019u gwaith artistig er budd rhyddid mynegiant ac wedi wynebu trais a gorthrwm o ganlyniad."}, {"text_idx": "#000012", "text": "Rydym hefyd yn pryderu\u2019n ddirfawr am y cyhuddiadau diweddar sydd wedi eu dwyn yn erbyn Cyngor Cydlynu Belarws sy\u2019n cynnwys Llywydd PEN Belarws, yr awdur byd-enwog Sfetlana Aliecsiefits a enillodd y wobr Nobel. Mae hi\u2019n parhau i fod yn rhydd ar hyn o bryd. Galwn ar yr awdurdodau i ollwng pob cyhuddiad yn erbyn Aliecsiefits ac aelodau eraill y Cyngor Cydlynu."}, {"text_idx": "#000013", "text": "Cefnogwn a chredwn yn yr hawl i ryddid mynegiant, yn unol a\u0302 Siarter PEN ynghyd a\u0302\u2019r hawl i gymryd rhan mewn protestiadau heddychlon."}, {"text_idx": "#000014", "text": "Member Centres of PEN International around the world condemn the arrest yesterday of members of the Belarus PEN Centre. This heightens our concerns about the ongoing attacks on freedom of expression and the right to peaceful protest in the wake of the elections in Belarus on 9 August 2020 which have escalated in recent days."}, {"text_idx": "#000016", "text": "The weeks since the election have seen the violent suppression of protests by demonstrators calling for the presidential election to be run again. According to UN human rights experts, 450 cases of torture have been documented since the beginning of the mass protests. We stand in solidarity with those peacefully protesting and with Belarusian civil society."}, {"text_idx": "#000017", "text": "We have also seen a worrying crackdown on independent media in the country. Journalists attempting to cover the protests have been subject to detention, harassment and violence. Foreign journalists and Belarusian journalists writing for international outlets have been stripped of their accreditation and at least one journalist has reportedly been deported and banned from returning to Belarus for five years. Meanwhile, the authorities have blocked access to dozens of media websites and disrupted the circulation of print media."}, {"text_idx": "#000018", "text": "Journalists and other writers are among the thousands to have been detained in the month since the election took place. Over the last week, at least eight Belarusian journalists were detained for participating in \u2018illegal demonstrations\u2019."}, {"text_idx": "#000019", "text": "Creatives and art workers in Belarus have also taken an active part in the peaceful protests using their artistic potential for the sake of freedom of expression and have faced violence and repressions as a result."}, {"text_idx": "#000020", "text": "We are also concerned by the recent charges brought against members of the Coordination Council of Belarus including the president of Belarus PEN, world-renowned writer and Nobel prize-winner Svetlana Alexievich who at present remains free. We call on the authorities to drop all charges against Alexievich and other Coordination Council members."}, {"text_idx": "#000021", "text": "We believe in and fully support the right to freedom of expression consistent with the PEN Charter and the concomitant right to participate in peaceful demonstrations."}, {"text_idx": "#000028", "text": "\u2018Daphne\u2019s sons\u2019 (er cof am / in memory of Daphne Caruana Galizia)"}]