[{"text_idx": "#000012", "text": "Y darn gosod eleni ar gyfer y ddwy gystadleuaeth yw dilyniant o gerddi byrion dan y teitl \u2018Nahaufnahmen\u2019 gan y bardd adnabyddus o dras Twrcaidd sy\u2019n ysgrifennu mewn Almaeneg, Zafer S\u0327enocak."}, {"text_idx": "#000013", "text": "Darllen rhagor am Her Gyfieithu 2020"}, {"text_idx": "#000014", "text": "This year, the poem to translate for both competitions is a series of short poems titled \u2018Nahaufnahmen\u2019 by contemporary poet of Turkish descent who writes in German, Zafer S\u0327enocak."}, {"text_idx": "#000015", "text": "Read more about Translation Challenge 2020"}, {"text_idx": "#000016", "text": "Cyhoeddi enillydd Her Gyfieithu 2019"}, {"text_idx": "#000017", "text": "Cyhoeddir gwybodaeth am enillydd Her Gyfieithu 2019 ar y dolenni isod ar ddydd Iau, 4 Awst 2019."}, {"text_idx": "#000021", "text": "Byddwn yn cyhoeddi\u2019r cyfieithiad buddugol mewn seremoni ym mhabell Prifysgol Cymru Y Drindod Dewi Sant ar yr 8fed o Awst am 3 o\u2019r gloch. Bydd y beirniad, Dr Aled Llion Jones, yn rhoi ei feirniadaeth ac yn annerch yr enillydd, a fydd yn derbyn gwobr o \u00a3200 yn ogystal a\u0302\u2019r Ffon yr Her Gyfieithu, rhoddedig gan Gymdeithas Cyfieithwyr Cymru."}, {"text_idx": "#000022", "text": "Cyhoeddir y cyfieithiad buddugol a\u2019r feirniadaeth ar wefan O\u2019r Pedwar Gwynt ar y diwrnod."}, {"text_idx": "#000029", "text": "Darllen rhagor am Her Gyfieithu 2019"}, {"text_idx": "#000032", "text": "A ceremony to present the Translation Challenge Award was held in Canolfan S4C yr Egin in Carmarthen on 10 November 2018. Congratulations to Llewelyn Hopwood, the winner of the 2018 Her Gyfieithu. More information about the winning translation below, and more photos from the ceremony here."}, {"text_idx": "#000040", "text": "Dewisir darn o waith sydd ag iddo berthnasedd i sefyllfa neu argyfwng penodol yn y byd ac sydd a wnelo rhyddid mynegiant a hawliau ieithyddol, yn unol ag amcanion PEN Cymru a PEN Rhyngwladol."}, {"text_idx": "#000041", "text": "Eleni cerdd o Gatalunya yw\u2019r darn gosod, gan y bardd Laia Martinez i Lopez (neu Laia Malo) sydd hefyd yn gyfieithydd o\u2019r Rwsieg ac yn gerddor yn y band electronig Jansky [ ]. Cyhoeddwyd y gerdd ddideitl hon yn ei phumed cyfrol o farddoniaeth sef Venus volta (Lleonard Muntaner Editor, 2018), ond fe ymddangosodd yn gyntaf ar 3 Tachwedd 2017 yn y papur newydd digidol Vilaweb [ fel rhan o gyfres o gerddi \u2018Proclames de Llibertat\u2019 (Datganiadau Rhyddid) yn cyflwyno ymateb beirdd i\u2019r sefyllfa yng Nghatalwnia."}, {"text_idx": "#000043", "text": "Er nad yw\u2019r unigolion sydd yn medru\u2019r Gymraeg a\u2019r Gatalaneg \u2013 ac yn medru cyfieithu barddoniaeth yn niferus \u2013 roeddem am osod her eleni i gyfieithu rhwng y Gymraeg a iaith nad yw\u2019n cael ei dysgu\u2019n eang yng Nghymru. Gan mai iaith sydd yn deillio o\u2019r Lladin yw\u2019r Gatalaneg, mae modd defnyddio gwybodaeth o ieithoedd mwy cyffredin, Ffrangeg a Sbaeneg, ynghyd ag Eidaleg a Phortiwgaleg i fedru cyrraedd a deall y testun. Elfen graidd o\u2019r Her Gyfieithu yw cyrraedd dealltwriaeth o gerdd mewn un iaith a chyfleu hynny mewn iaith arall."}, {"text_idx": "#000044", "text": "Gall ymgeiswyr fwrw ati i greu cyfieithiad mewn unrhyw ffordd a ddymunant, gan ddefnyddio adnoddau arlein neu mewn print, gan gynnwys cydweithio gyda phobl eraill. Noder mai un wobr o ganpunt ac un Ffon yr Her Gyfieithu fydd, waeth faint o bobl fydd wedi cyfrannu at yr ymgais!"}, {"text_idx": "#000045", "text": "Rhaid cystadlu drwy wefan Wales Pen Cymru a chodir ffi o \u00a36 am bob ymgais. Caniateir i gystadleuwyr gyflwyno mwy nac un ymgais wrth dalu\u2019r nifer priodol o ffioedd ymgeisio, a dylid cyflwyno pob cais dan ffugenw gwahanol."}, {"text_idx": "#000046", "text": "Os y bydd teilyngdod, fe gyhoeddir y cyfieithiad buddugol ynghyd a\u2019r feirniadaeth ar wefan O\u2019r Pedwar Gwynt ar y dydd."}, {"text_idx": "#000047", "text": "Dylech anfon eich cyfieithiad at Sally Baker ar , erbyn canol nos ar 10fed o fis Gorffennaf , 2018.\nDylech nodi eich enw a\u2019ch manylion cyswllt yn yr ebost ond ffugenw yn yr atodiad sy\u2019n cynnwys eich cyfieithiad."}, {"text_idx": "#000048", "text": "Mae\u2019r gystadleuaeth wedi cau bellach. Cyhoeddir enw\u2019r buddugol am 3 o\u2019r gloch dydd Iau 9fed Awst yn \u2018Crefft yn y Bae\u2019, yn yr Eisteddfod Genedlaethol. Cyhoeddir y feirniadaeth a\u2019r gerdd fuddugol ar y dydd yn pedwargwynt.cymru"}, {"text_idx": "#000049", "text": "Ni fydd unrhyw gais yn cael ei ystyried tan i daliad gael ei dderbyn. *Nid oes rhaid i aelodau Wales PEN Cymru dalu ffi i gystadlu."}, {"text_idx": "#000058", "text": "Gallwch ddarllen cyfieithiad buddugol Sian Cleaver ar wefan cylchgrawn llyfrau Cymru, O\u2019r Pedwar Gwynt, ynghyd ag eglurhad ynghylch sut yr aeth ati i lunio\u2019r cyfieithiad."}, {"text_idx": "#000062", "text": "The challenge this year was to translate the poem, b a h c\u0327 e d e o\u0308 l u\u0308 m, by the Turkish writer, ku\u0308c\u0327u\u0308k I\u0307skender, into English. The judge, Caroline Stockford, said: \u201cI\u0307skender is a difficult poet to translate. Not only does he enjoy using wordplay and hidden meaning, it is not always easy to capture his spirit in the poems. However, the winning translation was a clear choice. It had a \u2018clean feel\u2019 to it. There was an ease to the language, its construction and layout which I think belied a lot of work underneath. The use of line breaks that differed from the original work made the poem more dramatic and easier to understand in English.\u201d"}, {"text_idx": "#000063", "text": "A poem in Turkish was chosen for the Translation Challenge 2017 because Wales PEN Cymru has focused much of its activity this year on Turkey and has been highlighting the current abuse of human and linguistic rights in that country. Wales PEN Cymru has been supporting Turkish writers and journalists who are currently suffering persecution and judge of the competition, Caroline Stockford, has been regularly visiting Turkey to be an observer at trials of Turkish journalists."}, {"text_idx": "#000064", "text": "Sally Baker, Director of Wales PEN Cymru, said: \u201d Our organisation has the support of language and linguistic rights at its core and so I am delighted that again this year we have been able to work alongside our partners, Wales Literature Exchange, to promote the important role of translators in helping to nurture international relations and to make literature travel, and to demonstrate the importance and difficulty of creative translation.\u201d"}, {"text_idx": "#000065", "text": "of my humble, decorous and worldly-wise abode"}, {"text_idx": "#000067", "text": "we\u2019ve gathered for one last time"}, {"text_idx": "#000069", "text": "decked out with rak\u0131, pilaki, feta and sarma"}, {"text_idx": "#000070", "text": "The evening breeze slips the hide of a gazelle onto our voices"}, {"text_idx": "#000071", "text": "It is no more the nouns"}, {"text_idx": "#000072", "text": "but adjectives that confidently dominate the hours"}, {"text_idx": "#000073", "text": "Too grown up to speak of lovers"}, {"text_idx": "#000074", "text": "fed up too with debating the affairs of the country"}, {"text_idx": "#000075", "text": "we lift our gaze to the darkening skies"}, {"text_idx": "#000076", "text": "and talk about our bodies ready to set sail for the void"}, {"text_idx": "#000078", "text": "can drop by at any time"}, {"text_idx": "#000079", "text": "that\u2019s why we glance at the single empty chair"}, {"text_idx": "#000080", "text": "wondering whose will brazenly turn up next"}, {"text_idx": "#000081", "text": "Glasses will be knocked over then, plates will shatter"}, {"text_idx": "#000082", "text": "First a maddening rush, then a dense silence"}, {"text_idx": "#000083", "text": "In fear and pain, we\u2019ll all be standing"}, {"text_idx": "#000084", "text": "the chosen, lying on the patio"}, {"text_idx": "#000085", "text": "A funny fervour folds upon us"}, {"text_idx": "#000087", "text": "keen to thread a short life through this wide world"}, {"text_idx": "#000088", "text": "Renkli, ucuz ampullerle ayd\u0131nlat\u0131lm\u0131s\u0327 bahc\u0327esinde"}, {"text_idx": "#000089", "text": "Tahta masada rak\u0131, pilaki, beyaz peynir ve sarma"}, {"text_idx": "#000091", "text": "Aks\u0327am\u0131n ru\u0308zga\u0302r\u0131 ceylan derisi kapl\u0131yor sesimize"}, {"text_idx": "#000092", "text": "I\u0307simlerden c\u0327ok, s\u0131fatlar hakim art\u0131k saatlere kendinden emin"}, {"text_idx": "#000093", "text": "Memleketten de b\u0131kt\u0131k bu sofralarda"}, {"text_idx": "#000095", "text": "bos\u0327lug\u0306a yelken ac\u0327an bedenlerimizden konus\u0327uyoruz"}, {"text_idx": "#000096", "text": "O\u0308lu\u0308m hepimiz ic\u0327in art\u0131k yak\u0131n bir akraba"}, {"text_idx": "#000097", "text": "Herkes yan\u0131m\u0131zdaki tek bos\u0327 iskemleye bak\u0131yor o yu\u0308zden"}, {"text_idx": "#000098", "text": "Acaba hangimizinki damlayacak birazdan yu\u0308zsu\u0308zce ve"}, {"text_idx": "#000099", "text": "devrilecek kadehler, du\u0308s\u0327u\u0308p k\u0131r\u0131lacak tabaklar gu\u0308ru\u0308ltu\u0308yle"}, {"text_idx": "#000100", "text": "O\u0308nce deli eden bir telas\u0327, ard\u0131ndan kesif bir sessizlik"}, {"text_idx": "#000102", "text": "O bahc\u0327ede yerde yatan ise ic\u0327imizden sec\u0327ilmis\u0327 bir kis\u0327i"}, {"text_idx": "#000103", "text": "Biz, ig\u0306nenin delig\u0306inden ip gec\u0327iremeyen eski serserilerde"}, {"text_idx": "#000104", "text": "Tuhaf bir heves, koskoca du\u0308nyadan k\u0131sa bir hayat gec\u0327irme is\u0327i"}, {"text_idx": "#000105", "text": "ku\u0308c\u0327u\u0308k I\u0307skender has an almost stuccato rhythm to his poetry and I can always hear his deep voice tapping its way, with careful annunciation, through the lines of his poems. Death in the Garden is no different. Iskender writes in a free verse style but pays attention in a numerical fashion, he told me, to sounds that will occur in different lines. His lines are long and descriptive and he approaches this poem, about a group of friends gathered around a table in a garden where lies one of their acquaintances lies dead, with cinematic detail."}, {"text_idx": "#000106", "text": "I chose this poem because of its sombre and topical qualities. The descriptions of the food on the table I thought would be most difficult to render in English. A choice has to be made whether to \u2018Anglicise\u2019 the wrapped vine leaves or to leave the original terms in italics. The winning poem dealt with this deftly, making use of italics and using the Greek word \u2018feta\u2019 for the white cheese in question, as this is already part of the English lexicon."}, {"text_idx": "#000107", "text": "Several of the entries had basic translation errors in them which put them out of contention. Having said that, I enjoyed some of the freedom of expression used by these competitors and it was a lesson to me to experiment with a freer version of every poem I translate; to \u2018go off across country\u2019 with the translation as Sasha Dugdale once put it on an Arvon and BCLT Translation Summer School."}, {"text_idx": "#000108", "text": "There were three poems that stood out, but the winning poem was a clear choice. The use of line breaks that differed from the original work made the poem more dramatic and easier to understand in English. Although I thought that there was an overuse of alliteration in the first line of the final stanza, I particularly liked the last line of the winning translation, in which the analogy of the previous line, concerning needle and thread, was continued through to the end."}, {"text_idx": "#000109", "text": "Iskender is a difficult poet to translate. Not only does he enjoy using wordplay and hidden meaning, it is not always easy to capture his spirit in the poems. A line of Iskender\u2019s poetry can contain what looks like a throwaway phrase alongside one so insightful it arrests you, in the best possible way. The winning translation contained no errors and had a \u2018clean feel\u2019 to it. There was an ease to the language, its construction and layout that I think belies a lot of work underneath it."}, {"text_idx": "#000111", "text": "Yn y gorffennol buom yn cynnig heriau cyfieithu i\u2019r Gymraeg o ieithoedd y mae pobl yn debygol o\u2019u medru neu fan leiaf wedi dod ar eu traws trwy\u2019r system addysg. Eleni, dewiswyd cerdd mewn Tyrceg ac rydym am herio beirdd a chyfieithwyr Cymraeg, gyda chymorth ieithoedd pontio, recordiadau, ffrindiau a chydnabod sy\u2019n siarad Tyrceg, (unrhyw sut fodd!) i roi i ni gyfieithiad i\u2019r Gymraeg o\u2019r gerdd hyfryd hon:"}, {"text_idx": "#000112", "text": "yani, yas\u0327aman\u0131n d\u0131s\u0327\u0131nda ve o\u0308tesinde hic\u0327bir s\u0327ey beklemeden,"}, {"text_idx": "#000113", "text": "yani bu\u0308tu\u0308n is\u0327in gu\u0308cu\u0308n yas\u0327amak olacak."}, {"text_idx": "#000114", "text": "yani o derecede, o\u0308ylesine ki,"}, {"text_idx": "#000115", "text": "mesela, kollar\u0131n bag\u0306l\u0131 arkadan, s\u0131rt\u0131n duvarda,"}, {"text_idx": "#000116", "text": "hem de yu\u0308zu\u0308nu\u0308 bile go\u0308rmedig\u0306in insanlar ic\u0327in,"}, {"text_idx": "#000117", "text": "hem de hic\u0327 kimse seni buna zorlamam\u0131s\u0327ken,"}, {"text_idx": "#000118", "text": "hem de en gu\u0308zel en gerc\u0327ek s\u0327eyin"}, {"text_idx": "#000119", "text": "Yani, o\u0308ylesine ciddiye alacaks\u0131n ki yas\u0327amay\u0131,"}, {"text_idx": "#000123", "text": "Diyelim ki, ag\u0306\u0131r ameliyatl\u0131k hastay\u0131z,"}, {"text_idx": "#000124", "text": "bir daha kalkmamak ihtimali de var."}, {"text_idx": "#000125", "text": "Duymamak mu\u0308mku\u0308n deg\u0306ilse de biraz erken gitmenin kederini"}, {"text_idx": "#000126", "text": "biz yine de gu\u0308leceg\u0306iz anlat\u0131lan Bektas\u0327i f\u0131kras\u0131na,"}, {"text_idx": "#000127", "text": "hava yag\u0306murlu mu, diye bakacag\u0306\u0131z pencereden,"}, {"text_idx": "#000128", "text": "Diyelim ki, do\u0308vu\u0308s\u0327u\u0308lmeye des\u0327er bir s\u0327eyler ic\u0327in,"}, {"text_idx": "#000129", "text": "Daha orda ilk hu\u0308cumda, daha o gu\u0308n"}, {"text_idx": "#000132", "text": "fakat yine de c\u0327\u0131ld\u0131ras\u0131ya merak edeceg\u0306iz"}, {"text_idx": "#000133", "text": "belki y\u0131llarca su\u0308recek olan savas\u0327\u0131n sonunu."}, {"text_idx": "#000134", "text": "daha da on sekiz sene olsun ac\u0327\u0131lmas\u0131na demir kap\u0131n\u0131n."}, {"text_idx": "#000135", "text": "Yine de d\u0131s\u0327ar\u0131yla birlikte yas\u0327ayacag\u0306\u0131z,"}, {"text_idx": "#000136", "text": "insanlar\u0131, hayvanlar\u0131, kavgas\u0131 ve ru\u0308zgar\u0131yla"}, {"text_idx": "#000137", "text": "Yani, nas\u0131l ve nerede olursak olal\u0131m"}, {"text_idx": "#000138", "text": "mavi kadifede bir yald\u0131z zerresi yani,"}, {"text_idx": "#000139", "text": "Bu du\u0308nya sog\u0306uyacak gu\u0308nu\u0308n birinde,"}, {"text_idx": "#000140", "text": "yahut o\u0308lu\u0308 bir bulut gibi de deg\u0306il,"}, {"text_idx": "#000141", "text": "bos\u0327 bir ceviz gibi yuvarlanacak"}, {"text_idx": "#000144", "text": "Fel rhan o\u2019r adnoddau sydd ar gael i\u2019r cystadleuwyr , mae cyfieithiadau i\u2019r Saesneg, Ffrangeg, Eidaleg, Catalaneg a dau gyfieithiad gwahanol i\u2019r Sbaeneg. Mae\u2019n siw\u0302r fod rhagor o gyfieithiadau i ieithoedd eraill ar gael ar-lein ynghyd a\u0302 rhagor o fersiynau i\u2019r ieithoedd hyn. Rydym wedi cynnwys dolen at fideo o\u2019r bardd yn darllen ei gerdd yn y Twrceg, yn ogystal a\u0302 nodiadau am yr awdur ac ar nodweddion yr iaith a\u2019i barddoniaeth."}, {"text_idx": "#000145", "text": "Er ein bod yn arbrofi gyda\u2019r gystadleuaeth, dull ceidwadol a thraddodiadol fydd i\u2019r beirniadu, gyda\u2019r beirniad, Caroline Stockford, yn meddu ar y Gymraeg a\u2019r Twrceg ac a\u0302 phrofiad sylweddol o gyfieithu creadigol."}, {"text_idx": "#000146", "text": "Drwy ddethol gwaith ble bydd y cyfieithu yn debygol iawn o ddigwydd drwy ieithoedd pont neu gyd-weithio, ein bwriad yw holi a yw\u2019r dulliau amgen hyn yn gallu arwain at gyfieithu llwyddiannus?"}, {"text_idx": "#000148", "text": "Mae\u2019n gyfle hefyd i ystyried sut mae adeiladu a chryfhau\u2019r pontydd cyfieithu rhwng y Gymraeg a rhai o ieithoedd y byd, boed niferus neu ychydig eu siaradwyr, ieithoedd sydd y tu hwnt i gwricwla ysgolion."}, {"text_idx": "#000151", "text": "Ym 1951, gadawodd Hikmet Dwrci ar o\u0302l cyfnod hir yn y carchar am ei weithredoedd gwleidyddol. Treuliodd weddill ei fywyd yn byw ac yn ysgrifennu yn yr Undeb Sofietaidd ac yn Nwyrain Ewrop. Bu farw o drawiad ar y galon ym Moscow ym 1963, a hyd at 1965 gwaharddwyd ei waith yn Nhwrci."}, {"text_idx": "#000152", "text": "Heddiw, fe\u2019i hystyrir yn un o brif feirdd Twrci, yn enwog am ei gerddi gwleidyddol a\u2019i ddrama\u0302u. Mae ei farddoniaeth wedi ei gyfieithu i dros hanner cant o ieithoedd."}, {"text_idx": "#000154", "text": "Living is no laughing matter:"}, {"text_idx": "#000155", "text": "you must live with great seriousness"}, {"text_idx": "#000156", "text": "like a squirrel, for example\u2014"}, {"text_idx": "#000157", "text": "I mean without looking for something beyond and above living,"}, {"text_idx": "#000158", "text": "I mean living must be your whole occupation."}, {"text_idx": "#000159", "text": "you must take it seriously,"}, {"text_idx": "#000160", "text": "so much so and to such a degree"}, {"text_idx": "#000161", "text": "that, for example, your hands tied behind your back,"}, {"text_idx": "#000162", "text": "your back to the wall,"}, {"text_idx": "#000163", "text": "or else in a laboratory"}, {"text_idx": "#000164", "text": "in your white coat and safety glasses,"}, {"text_idx": "#000165", "text": "you can die for people\u2014"}, {"text_idx": "#000166", "text": "even for people whose faces you\u2019ve never seen,"}, {"text_idx": "#000167", "text": "even though you know living"}, {"text_idx": "#000169", "text": "I mean, you must take living so seriously"}, {"text_idx": "#000171", "text": "and not for your children, either,"}, {"text_idx": "#000172", "text": "but because although you fear death you don\u2019t believe it,"}, {"text_idx": "#000173", "text": "because living, I mean, weighs heavier."}, {"text_idx": "#000174", "text": "Let\u2019s say we\u2019re seriously ill, need surgery\u2014"}, {"text_idx": "#000175", "text": "which is to say we might not get up"}, {"text_idx": "#000177", "text": "about going a little too soon,"}, {"text_idx": "#000178", "text": "we\u2019ll still laugh at the jokes being told,"}, {"text_idx": "#000179", "text": "we\u2019ll look out the window to see if it\u2019s raining,"}, {"text_idx": "#000181", "text": "Let\u2019s say we\u2019re at the front\u2014"}, {"text_idx": "#000182", "text": "for something worth fighting for, say."}, {"text_idx": "#000184", "text": "we might fall on our face, dead."}, {"text_idx": "#000185", "text": "We\u2019ll know this with a curious anger,"}, {"text_idx": "#000186", "text": "but we\u2019ll still worry ourselves to death"}, {"text_idx": "#000187", "text": "about the outcome of the war, which could last years."}, {"text_idx": "#000188", "text": "Let\u2019s say we\u2019re in prison"}, {"text_idx": "#000189", "text": "and we have eighteen more years, say,"}, {"text_idx": "#000191", "text": "We\u2019ll still live with the outside,"}, {"text_idx": "#000192", "text": "with its people and animals, struggle and wind\u2014"}, {"text_idx": "#000193", "text": "I mean with the outside beyond the walls."}, {"text_idx": "#000194", "text": "I mean, however and wherever we are,"}, {"text_idx": "#000195", "text": "we must live as if we will never die."}, {"text_idx": "#000197", "text": "and one of the smallest,"}, {"text_idx": "#000199", "text": "I mean this, our great earth."}, {"text_idx": "#000201", "text": "not like a block of ice"}, {"text_idx": "#000203", "text": "but like an empty walnut it will roll along"}, {"text_idx": "#000205", "text": "You must grieve for this right now"}, {"text_idx": "#000206", "text": "\u2014you have to feel this sorrow now\u2014"}, {"text_idx": "#000207", "text": "for the world must be loved this much"}, {"text_idx": "#000208", "text": "if you\u2019re going to say \u201cI lived\u201d. . ."}, {"text_idx": "#000209", "text": "La vie n\u2019est pas une plaisanterie"}, {"text_idx": "#000210", "text": "Tu la prendras au se\u0301rieux,"}, {"text_idx": "#000211", "text": "Comme le fait un e\u0301cureuil, par exemple,"}, {"text_idx": "#000212", "text": "Sans rien attendre du dehors et d\u2019au-dela\u0300"}, {"text_idx": "#000213", "text": "Tu n\u2019auras rien d\u2019autre a\u0300 faire que de vivre."}, {"text_idx": "#000214", "text": "Mais au se\u0301rieux a\u0300 tel point,"}, {"text_idx": "#000215", "text": "Qu\u2019adosse\u0301 au mur, par exemple, les mains lie\u0301es"}, {"text_idx": "#000216", "text": "En chemise blanche avec de grandes lunettes,"}, {"text_idx": "#000217", "text": "Tu mourras pour que vivent les hommes,"}, {"text_idx": "#000218", "text": "Les hommes dont tu n\u2019auras me\u0302me pas vu le visage,"}, {"text_idx": "#000219", "text": "Et tu mourras tout en sachant"}, {"text_idx": "#000220", "text": "Que rien n\u2019est plus beau, que rien n\u2019est plus vrai que la vie."}, {"text_idx": "#000221", "text": "Qu\u2019a\u0300 soixante-dix ans, par exemple, tu planteras des oliviers"}, {"text_idx": "#000222", "text": "Non pas pour qu\u2019ils restent a\u0300 tes enfants"}, {"text_idx": "#000223", "text": "Mais parce que tu ne croiras pas a\u0300 la mort,"}, {"text_idx": "#000224", "text": "mais parce que la vie pe\u0300sera plus lourd dans la balance"}, {"text_idx": "#000234", "text": "Cyflwyniad byr i\u2019r iaith: Twrceg1"}, {"text_idx": "#000236", "text": "Fel arfer nodir fod Twrceg yn perthyn i grw\u0302p ieithoedd Alta\u0308ig3, ar enwyd ar o\u0302l mynyddoedd yr Altai4 a chyn-gartref y Twrciaid cynnar cyn iddyn nhw fudo i Anatolia o tua 1071 ymlaen. Mae rhai ysgolheigion yn gwrthod y grw\u0302p ieithyddol hwn \u2013 yr Alta\u0308ig \u2013 a ystyrir i fod yn cynnwys ieithoedd Twrcaidd5, Mongolaidd6, Twngwsaidd7 a Chore\u0308eg8."}, {"text_idx": "#000238", "text": "The Ural-Altaic hypothesis still survives in some parts of the world as a common belief that \u201cFinnish and Turkish are related\u201d. However, as pointed out earlier, the structural similarities between Finnish (or other Finno-Ugrian languages) and Turkish (or other Turkic or \u201cAltaic\u201d languages) are of a typological character: these languages belong to the same type. The basic vocabulary in these languages is quite different and does not allow for the reconstruction of a common proto-language. (Although not genetically related, Turkish does have some connections with the Finno-Ugrian languages. Some FU languages spoken in Central Russia and Western Siberia have been influenced by the neighbouring Turkic languages, and Hungarian has many layers of loanwords adopted from different Turkic-speaking tribes.)"}, {"text_idx": "#000239", "text": "Mae 8 llafariad yn yr iaith Twrceg, a ddosberthir i ddau grw\u0302p: llafariaid o\u0302l13 a llafariaid blaen14. Mae llafariaid o\u0302l yn cael eu lleisio\u2019n isel, a llafariaid blaen yn cael eu lleisio\u2019n uchel. Nid yw geiriau Twrceg yn cynnwys cymysgedd o lafariaid o\u0302l a llafariaid blaen. Rhaid i lafariaid sydd yn cael eu hychwanegu ar ddiwedd geiriau Twrceg, fel o\u0302l-ddodiaid, gytuno gyda\u2019r llafariad flaenorol."}, {"text_idx": "#000240", "text": "Llafariaid o\u0302l: a \u0131 o u Llafariaid blaen: e i o\u0308 u\u0308"}, {"text_idx": "#000241", "text": "Mae morffoleg Twrceg yn gyflynol15, sydd yn golygu fod o\u0302l-ddodiaid yn cael eu hychwanegu i ddynodi person, lleoliad ac amser. Felly er mwyn dweud, \u2018rydym ni wrth y bwrdd\u2019:"}, {"text_idx": "#000243", "text": "Mae\u2019n rhaid i bob llafariad gytuno gyda\u2019i rhagflaenydd ac mae thai llafariaid yn cael eu hymestyn drwy g\u0306 dawel. Effaith hyn yw creu iaith sydd yn llifo\u2019n soniarus ac yn llawn harmoni, a dyna un o\u2019r rhesymau pam rydw i\u2019n credu fod Cymraeg a Twrceg yn paru\u2019n dda fel ieithoedd cyfieithu. Mae gan y ddwy iaith reolau \u2013 fel treigladau \u2013 sydd yn hwyluso\u2019r harmoni seiniau\u2019r iaith."}, {"text_idx": "#000244", "text": "Strwythur brawddeg arferol mewn Twrceg yw Goddrych Gwrthrych Berf (neu SOV). Mae hyn yn golygu fod angen i\u2019r cyfieithydd aros ar gyfer y ferf \u2013 sydd yn cario\u2019r holl o\u0302l-ddodiaid ar gyfer amser, cyflwr, lleoliad a pherson) er mwyn gwybod pwy wnaeth beth i bwy a pha bryd. Gall cryn dipyn o amser fynd heibio cyn i\u2019r ferf gyrraedd, gan fod y Twrciaid wrth eu boddau yn plethu llinellau ar linellau o gymalau at ei gilydd cyn cyrraedd y ferf yn y pendraw."}, {"text_idx": "#000245", "text": "Weithiau mae beirdd yn torri cystrawen yr iaith er mwyn creu effaith barddonol. Yn yr achosion hyn, gellir dodi Goddrych y frawddeg at ei diwedd ac fe geir cystrawen Gwrthrych Berf Goddrych (neu OVS)."}, {"text_idx": "#000246", "text": "Gallwn weld y cyflynol mewn Twrceg, sef ychwanegu o\u0302l-ddodiaid, yn yr enghraifft eithafol isod, sydd yn creu gair sydd 101 o lythrennau o hyd mewn Twrceg (er mai dim ond 94 yn Gymraeg):"}, {"text_idx": "#000247", "text": "Mae\u2019n ymddangos nad wyt ti yn un o\u2019r bobl hynny na fyddwn ni byth yn medru dweud eu bod nhw yn dod o Lanfairpwllgwyngyllgogerychwyrndrobwllllantyseiliogogogoch."}, {"text_idx": "#000248", "text": "Pob hwyl gyda\u2019r Her Gyfieithu."}, {"text_idx": "#000254", "text": "The deadline for the English language Translation Challenge 2017 has passed. The challenge was to translate the following poem by Turkish writer, ku\u0308c\u0327u\u0308k I\u0307skender, into English:"}, {"text_idx": "#000256", "text": "How to enter the competition?"}, {"text_idx": "#000257", "text": "Your translation should be sent to Sally Baker at , by midnight on the 31st of March, 2017.\nYou should include your name and contact details in the email but they should not appear in the attachment which includes the translation."}, {"text_idx": "#000258", "text": "Entry fee: \u00a36.00 Payment can be made online:"}, {"text_idx": "#000259", "text": "No entry will be considered until payment has been received. *Entry to the competition is free to Wales PEN Cymru members."}, {"text_idx": "#000260", "text": "If you are sending your entry from Turkey then please will you contact Guray, at DAM to arrange payment of the fee. Your entry should be sent to and you will need to confirm that payment has been made."}, {"text_idx": "#000261", "text": "The English-language winner will be awarded a prize of \u00a3250 in a special event at the Hay Festival in May 2017. The winning translation will be published in Poetry Wales."}, {"text_idx": "#000262", "text": "Translation Challenge was established in 2009 by Translators\u2019 House Wales to promote the important role of translators in helping to make literature travel, and to draw attention to literary translation as one of the creative arts."}, {"text_idx": "#000263", "text": "Derman I\u0307skender O\u0308ver who goes by the pen-name of \u2018ku\u0308c\u0327u\u0308k I\u0307skender\u2019 was born in Istanbul on the 28th of May 1964. He studied Medicine for five years at Istanbul University\u2019s Cerrahpas\u0327a School of Medicine. He then studied sociology for three years at Istanbul University before leaving academic life for poetry and the cinema."}, {"text_idx": "#000264", "text": "He first entered the public gaze in 1985 and was given the title \u2018marginal poet\u2019 because he was unafraid to make the darker side of life in Istanbul\u2019s Beyog\u0306lu district the subject of his poetry. I\u0307skender is one of Turkey\u2019s few openly gay figures and although he was once targeted for his sexuality by a religious newspaper who were alleged to have sent a gang of men to his home to attack him physically, he has never been anything other than openly gay and proud."}, {"text_idx": "#000265", "text": "He has published over 22 books of poetry and the poem \u2018bahc\u0327ede o\u0308lu\u0308m\u2019 comes from 2016\u2019s May\u0131s Giremez."}, {"text_idx": "#000266", "text": "I\u0307skender won the \u2018Orhon Murat Ar\u0131burunu Prize\u2019 in the year 2000 for his poetry book entitled \u2018One Pair of Black Leather Gloves\u2019. He has also published a diary, three novels, two collected works and several essays."}, {"text_idx": "#000268", "text": "He moved to the publishing house Can Yay\u0131nevi \u0131n 2016 and released two new books, \u2018Her S\u0327ey Ayr\u0131 Yaz\u0131l\u0131r\u2019, and \u2018Waliz Bir\u2019."}, {"text_idx": "#000271", "text": "The poem to be translated:"}, {"text_idx": "#000275", "text": "(Cyfieithiad gan Glenys M Roberts)"}, {"text_idx": "#000279", "text": "Poet, Hywel Griffiths was the winner in 2011 for his translation of the poem Old Bank Notes by Lin Sagovsky. The Translation Challenge in that year was part of a special project in partnership with the National Library of Wales and \u201c26\u201d, a group of creative writers working in business. 26 translators were invited to work with 26 writers who were given the task of writing a piece about one object from the Library\u2019s collection. The original texts and their translations \u2013 half in Welsh and half in English \u2013 could not exceed 62 words."}, {"text_idx": "#000281", "text": "Enillwyr blaenorol yr Her Gyfieithu"}, {"text_idx": "#000285", "text": "Enillodd y bardd Hywel Griffiths Her Gyfieithu Ty\u0302 Cyfieithu Cymru yn 2011 am ei gyfieithiad celfydd o\u2019r gerdd Old Bank Notes gan Lin Sagovsky. Roedd yr Her Gyfieithu y flwyddyn honno yn rhan o brosiect unigryw ar y cyd a\u0302 Llyfrgell Genedlaethol Cymru a \u201c26\u201d, grw\u0302p o ysgrifenwyr creadigol o fyd busnes. Gwahoddwyd 26 o gyfieithwyr i gydweithio a\u0302 26 o lenorion a gafodd y dasg o lunio darn yr un am wrthrych a oedd yn eiddo i\u2019r Llyfrgell. Cha\u0302i\u2019r testunau gwreiddiol \u2013 hanner ohonynt yn Gymraeg a hanner yn Saesneg \u2013 ddim bod yn fwy na 62 o eiriau, a dyna\u2019n union hefyd hyd pob un o\u2019r cyfieithiadau."}, {"text_idx": "#000292", "text": "\u2018Daphne\u2019s sons\u2019 (er cof am / in memory of Daphne Caruana Galizia)"}]