<transcript><audio_32> 볼츠마는 엔트로피를 이런 식으로 하나의 거시적 상태에 대응하는 미시적 상태의 수로 생각했다. 아주 중요한 얘기니 다시 한번 반복해보자. 하나의 거시적 상태에 대응하는 미시적 상태의 수.</transcript><caption><image_33>The image is a digital art piece that appears to be a futuristic or sci-fi design. It has a black background with a circular pattern of intricate geometric shapes and lines. The shapes are arranged in a way that creates a sense of depth and dimension. The lines are made up of small squares and rectangles, creating a grid-like pattern. In the center of the image, there is a white text that reads "그리스타에세요" which translates to "I love you" in English. The text is written in a modern, sans-serif font and is centered in the image. The overall effect is one of energy and power.</caption><video><caption><image_34>The image is a digital illustration of a pink teacup and saucer. The cup is in the center of the image, with the saucer on the left side and the cup on the right side. It has a handle on the top and a spout on the side. The background is white, and there is a text written in Korean at the top that reads "그리스타에세요" which translates to "coffee cup" in English. The text is written in a simple, sans-serif font.</caption><caption><image_35>The image is a white background with a few pink triangles scattered across it. The triangles are of different sizes and shapes, and they appear to be flying in different directions. The text on the image is written in Korean, which translates to "I love you" in English. The image has a simple and minimalistic design, with the pink triangles standing out against the white background.</caption></video><transcript><audio_36> 컵을 구성하는 수많은 입자들이 우리 눈에 컵이라는 상태로 존재할 배열의 수가 컵의 엔트로피를 결정한다. 마찬가지로 거시적으로 깨진 컵으로 보일 만한 상태로 존재하는 입자들의 배열은</transcript><transcript><audio_37> 얼핏 생각해도 컵보다 깨진 컵의 가능성의 수가 훨씬 많을 테니 당연히 시간은 컵에서 깨진 컵으로 흐른다. 여러분은 이에 동의하는가? 왜 컵을 말짱한 컵과 깨진 컵이라는 두 개의 거시 상태로만 보아야 할까? 다양하지만,</transcript><video><caption><image_38>The image is a white background with multiple triangular shapes scattered across it. The shapes are of different sizes and colors, including pink, black, and white. Some of the shapes are overlapping each other, creating a sense of movement and depth. At the bottom of the image, there is a text written in Korean, which translates to "I love you" in English.</caption><caption><image_39>The image is a black and white rectangular frame with a white background. The frame appears to be made of a thin, rectangular material and has a smooth, glossy finish. At the bottom of the frame, there is a text written in Korean, which translates to "아리스타에세요 그레이드 가자연용" (meaning "I love you" in English). The text is written in a simple, sans-serif font and is centered in the frame. The overall design is simple and minimalistic.</caption><caption><image_40>The image is a black and white graphic with a white background. In the center of the image, there is a sad face with a frowning expression. Above the face, there are Korean text that reads "그리스타에세요" which translates to "I love you" in English. Below the text, there appears to be a text in Korean that translates to the English version of the text. The text is written in a simple, sans-serif font and is centered on the image.</caption></video><transcript><audio_41> 되는 것일까 카드가 마구 섞인 상태라는 것도 따지고 보면 하나하나 각기 다른 상태를 갖는다 그 모든 하나하나의 미시 상태를 각각 다 고려하면 안 되는 것일까</transcript><caption><image_42>The image is a close-up of a deck of playing cards. The cards are arranged in a fan-like pattern, with each card slightly overlapping the one below it. The colors of the cards are predominantly red, white, and blue, with some yellow and red accents. The background is black, and the cards appear to be slightly blurred, giving the image a dreamy, ethereal feel. The text on the image is written in Korean, which translates to "playing cards" in English.</caption><transcript><audio_43> 바로 이것이 1868년 맥스웰이 제안한 악명 높은 맥스웰의 악마다. 맥스웰의 악마의 원래 버전은 다음과 같다.</transcript><caption><image_44>The image is a black and white illustration of a demon reading a book. The demon is sitting on a chair and is holding the book in its hands. It has a pointed nose and sharp teeth, and its body is covered in scales. The book is open and the demon appears to be engrossed in reading. The background is plain white, and there is text written in Korean at the top and bottom of the image.</caption> Events that occur overwhelmingly frequently really do occur overwhelmingly frequently. That's right. Entropy was thought of in this way as the number of microscopic states corresponding to one macroscopic state.  This is an important story, so let's repeat it again. The number of microscopic states corresponding to one macroscopic state. The time when this is expressed is as follows. Here, w is the number of microscopic states. The numerous particles that make up the cup are the arrangement in which the numerous particles that make up the cup exist in a state called a cup in our eyes.  The number determines the entropy of the cup. Similarly, the number of particle arrangements that exist in a state that would appear to be a macroscopically broken cup determines the entropy of a broken cup. At first glance, the number of possibilities for a broken cup is much greater than for a cut.  There will be a lot, so of course time flows from cup to broken cup. Do you agree with this? Should we view our cup as just two states, a clean cup and a broken cup? Shouldn't we consider each of the various broken states separately? A state where the cards are randomly mixed up.  If you think about it, 1 1 each has a different state. Wouldn't it be possible to consider the micro state of each and every one of them? What would happen if there was a devil who could see all of the different micro states in an instant?  Will entropy stop increasing and will time also stop? This is the infamous Maxwell's Demon proposed by Maxwell in 868. The original version of Maxwell's Demon is as follows:
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