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Classbook
Amanda Jeffries
OXFORD
UNIVERSITY
  PRESS

Contents

01 NICE
TO MEET YOU p.04
Listening Focusing on conversation openers and responses.
Vocabulary
Using adjectives to agree with people ('This room's tiny, isn't it?' 'Yes, it's
very small, isn'tit?').
English in use Making introductions and asking questions tactfully.
Speak out
Roleplay; meeting people at a party or a conference,
02 TIME FLIES          p.06
Reading
Looking at a newspaper article about time in detail Vocabulary Expressions and
multi-word verbs connected with time (for old times' sake / for the time being)
and time management (put Off get round to).
Language
work
Focusing
on describing trengs.
English
in use
Describing increase and decrease (There has been a dramatic
increase in Sales Of mobile phones have doubled Speak out Group presentation; describing recent trends.
03 FOOD FOR           p.10
THOUGHT
Listening Following fast, colloquial speech; issues
connected with eating.
Vocabulary
Adjectives to describe food (bland / tender) and food idioms (food for thought
/ a piece Of cake).
English in use Describing habits and adverbial phrases of frequency (once
in a blue moon / every now and then).
Speak out
Group discussion; talking about eating habits.
04 SO WHAT IS IT p.14 YOU DO?
Listening Focusing on verb forms; two conversations about people's jobs.
English in use
Asking
about jobs and studies (What do you do for a living, then? What have you been
up to workwise?). Vocabulary Collocations (go freelance / take æarjy
retirement)
Speak out Pair work roleplay; asking and answering about jobs.
05 LOVE AT FIRST    p. 16 SIGHT?
Reading
Taking notes; newspaper articles about different ways Of meeting a partner.
Vocabulary Expressions and multi-word verbs connected with relationships (have
an affair with / hit it off with). English in use paying and responding to
£0rnpliments. Language work so, such, and really.
Speak out Whole-classactivity; paying -compliments. Group discussion;
relationship issues.
06 HERE IS THE NEWS p.20
Listening Following and summarizing news bulletins. Vocabulary -Two-part
nouns (update / - breakthrough). Language work uses of the definite and indefinite article and
forming noun phrases. English in use
Focusing
on ways of giving and reacting to news (That's incredible! / What a
nightmare').
Speak out Whole-class and group activity; exchanging
personal, local, national, and international news.
07 HAVEN'T A CLUE p.24
Listening Noting the exact words; different people
asking for information.
English
in use Asking for information (Sorry to trouble you / I'm ringing to enquire
about , Vocabulary
Colloquial responses (l haven't a clue. / Not offhand.).
Speak out Pair work and whole-class activity; asking for
and giving information.
08 FARAWAY PLACES p.26
Reading Following a guidebook entth_ -
a description Of India.
Vocabulary Location expressions (off the beaten track J in
the middle Of nowhere).
Language
work Expressing preferences (Given the choice, I I'd just as soon ...j. English
in use Reaching a decision (l like the sound of / rather fancy ..JV Speak out
Group work; choosing a hotel and planning a promotional video.
09 CAUSE FOR         p.30
CONCERN
Listening Following the main points made by a probation
officer about young offenders. Vocabulary
Expressions
connected with crime (on probation / juvenile delinquency).
Language
work
Quantity
expressions (a great deal
Of/ a
tiny minority of ) and
'ungrammatical'
language,
English in use Cause, blame, and
solutions (A key factorin / is to blame.), Speak out Whole-class debate;
tackling the problem Of juvenile crime and listening to the probation officer's
10 WHERE WAS l?    p.34
Listening
Noting the exact words; two people discussing cross-cultural differences.
Vocabulary Expressions connected with body language (clench your fists / fold
your arms). English in use Expressions for turn-taking (Hang on, / Where was
P).
Speak out
Group work; discussing different Customs and giving advice to visitors to
your country.
11 OUR CLEVEREST        p.36 INVENTION?
Reading
Identifying
the main arguments; •newspaper articles about books and the Internet.
Vocabulary
-Adverbial phrases expressing attitude (not surprisingly / ironically).
Language work
Uses Of
the definite article,
0 English in use
Expressions
for presenting an
-
argument (What's more, I First of
Speak out pair work presentation; for or against a chosen topic.
12 HOW WE MET                p.40
Listening Following a narrative; two people talking
about meeting a prospective partner.
Vocabulary
Describing
feelings and moods (emotional / drained) and verbs Of movement (rush tiptoe).
Language work Narrative verb forms, this and these, and fronting with
adverbial expressions (off I went / there he was). English in use

02

Being a good listener, making Comments or noises to show interest (Oh no!
/ You'rejoking). Speak out Pair / group work; telling a story' about meeting a
partner.
13 HOW
CAN I p.44 PUT THIS?
Listening
Identifying and reporting what's happening in different conversations. English
in use Preparing the way for difficult news with opening phrases (Have you got
a moment? I've got a bit Of a
problem
Vocabulary
Focusing on patterns that follow different verbs Ipromise / suggest).
Speak out Group work; improvising conversations in different situations.
14 WE'VE
BEEN HAD p.46
Reading Following a newspaper article; a boy's journey from Honduras to
New York.
Listening Following a radio broadcast about the same
news story.
Vocabulary
Expressions
connected with telling lies (He took me for a ride, / It was a hoax.) and
proverbs (When in Rome, do as the Romans do. / Out of sight, out Of mind).
English
in use Asking for and providing clarification (So hang on, / Yes, exactly.).
Speak out
Pair work discussion; deciding whether to tell the truth in different
situations. Group work; telling stories and asking for / providing
clarification,
15 BEHIND THE                    pso
WHEEL
Listening
Note-taking from a speech; arguments for and against the car.
Vocabulary Verb / noun collocations (put forward a proposal /
fulfil an ambition).
Language work Putting forward proposals (it is essential that / We need to
English in use
Focusing on expressions to make a point (The fact is /
What we mustn't do is Speak out A group debate; discussing how to solve traffic
problems.
16 WHAT
ARE YOUR        p.54 PLANS?
Listening
Noting the exact words; conversations about people's plans. English in use
Talking
about plans (I'm going to be
. I've arranged to
Vocabulary
Activity, inactivity, and changes Of plan (tied up / at a loose end / talk
someone out of).
Speak out
Whole-class / pair work activity; asking about other people's plans and
deciding on things to do.
A7 AWAY FROM                   p.56
IT ALL
Reading Finding key points; newspaper articles about
living in towns and the countryside.
Vocabulary
Adjectives
for the countryside (picturesque / bleak) and compound nouns for towns (tower
block 1 pedestrian crossing).
Language
work Two-part expressions (facts and figures / tried and
tested).
English
in use Talking about change (The city streets are no longer safe. / Whole
forests have been chopped down.) Speak out Group work, describing how places
have changed and deciding on the perfect place to spend a day.
18 FROM
ANOTHER        p.60 PLANET?
Listening
Following a discussion; two people
talking
about gender differences.
Vocabulary personal characteristics (thickskinned /
down-to-earth).
Language
work
Similarities
and differences (nothing like as considerably more) and modifying expressions
(As a rule,
. / To a certain extent,
English
in use
Agreeing,
disagreeing, and half agreeing (You're absolutely right. take your point, but disagree,
I'm afraid,).
Speak out
Group work; reacting to statements about gender issues.
19  ABSOLUTELY               þ.64
UNBELIEVEABLE!
Listening Following two anecdotes; two
people describing holiday experiences.
Vocabulary Collocations (pitch black / boiling hot).
English
in use Describing extreme feelings and experiences (It was an absolute nightmare.
/ was scared stiff). Speak out pair group work; telling anecdotes.
20  A BIT OF A          p. 66
PROBLEM
Reading - Finding specificinformation: extracts from a
booklet about your rights and how to complain.
Listening
Focus on politeness; two telephone conversations in which people are
complaining.
Vocabulary
Expressions to explain problems (It won't It can't get it to Language work
Using
tentative language O fee' certain / There seems to be .
English in use Expressions for dealing with problems (Sorry about the misunderstanding.
/ I do - apologize J.
Speak out
Pair work roleplay; telephoning to make a complaint.
21
TALKING PICTURES p.70
Listening Understanding opinions; three different
conversations in which
people
are discussing films.
Vocabulary
Expressions
connected with films (box office smash credits) and adjectives to describe
films (offbeat
/ gripping).
Language work Adverb modifiers (really
/ pretty i rather).
English
in use
Expressions
for talking about films
(It's
set in / It's based on Reading
Speed
reading; film reviews.
Speak out
Group work; discussing films you have seen.
22  WHAT HAVE YOU BEEN UP TO?
Listening Following short conversations; different people's recent
experiences. English in use Talking about recent actions and activities.
Vocabulary Vague language (whatsisname
/ twelve-ism.
Speak Out Group work; a board game to practise talking about recent
activities.
23  FUTURE p.76
DEVELOPMENTS
Reading
Reading for gist and detail; extracts from a book about the future of English as an international - language.
Vocabulary Multi-word expressions (keep track of I give rise to).

English in use Predictions with will (I
doubt whether they'll
It's bound to
Language work Future time expressions (jn five years' time / within a
decade or so).
Speak out
Group
work presentation; future developments in a chosen area.
24 ON TOP OF THE            p.
80
WORLD
Listening Taking notes; two stories about
mountaineering
trips
Language work Past conditionals.
English in use Expressing regret and
lack of regret

(In
retrospect, / Luckily, ...l.
Vocabulary
Discourse markers 04t first in the end
/ On the surface deep down
) and mountain idioms (an
uphill struggle I ups and downs). Speak out Group work; describing an
event and expressing regret or lack of regret.

PRACTICE p.84 WRITING p.96 EXTRA MATERIAL p. 103
TAPESCRIPTS p.110

03
Speak for yourself

1 In which of these situations would
you start a conversation with a stranger? How would you start the
conversations?
• on a
train I plane • in a bar / café • ata party • at the cinema
2
Decide
on three things you might ask when you meet someone for the first time.
3
In
groups of three, introduce yourself and someone else at

To
  agree with a critical Statement, it is very common to use a synonym or an
  opposite adjective.
      This room's -tiny.                 Yes,
  if's very small, isn't it?
yes, i4r1'-t very big, iS if?

• an informal party. • a conference.
Listening
Starting and ending
conversations
                                                                  1         Listen
co eight conversation openers.
I Say where each one might be taking place. 2 Predict what the response
will be.
                                                                  2        Listen
and check. What other responses are possible?

In this lesson
Look at starting and ending conversations.
Practise
  making introductions.
Focus on using different adjectives to agree with people.
• Practise asking questions tactfully.

Vocabulary
Adjectives
I Look at the adjectives in A and
think of synonyms.

 tiny

      tedious

sensible

warm

freezing

      idiotic

considerate

nice

filthy

      disgusting

interesting

clean

hideous

      thoughtless

big

attractive

2
Now
match the adjectives in A with their opposites in B.
3
In
pairs, make exchanges using these prompts. Start with an adjective in A and
respond with a synonym or an opposite.
•   a meal           • the weather          a
film       a car
•   a hotel room • a suggestion            •
a friend / relative . a building
04

Hello, I'm Anna. I work with a friend of Paul's.
Introducing other people

John, this is Tony. Tony, John

We know each other from university.

It is often more polite and tactful to avoid questions
  beginning with Who, What, Where, How many, etc., especially with someone you
  don't know very well.
You can ask yes / no questions
  instead, so that the other person can choose how much information to give.
Have you got the time? (not

English in use
Making
introductions
Introducing yourself
1
Listen
to six extracts. Note down two more examples for each of the categories above.
2
Which
are more formal / informal? Which expressions did you use in Speakforyourself?
3
In
groups of four, introduce yourself and ocher people formally and informally.
Take it in turns co monitor the language used.
Asking questions
tactfully
4 In pairs, ask and answeryes / no
questions about these topics.
• last weekend your flat • a holiday • your English . your family your job
. your ambitions • travel
5 Match the sentences With one of the
uses of actually in Didyou notice
1
Your face looks
familiar but I don't think we've actually spoken.
2
'Have you got a
moment?' 'I'm a bit busy, actually.'
3
'Where are you
from, Australia?' 'No, New Zealand, actually.
4
'I can't believe
you actually met the Beatles.'

Remember
•
  Use a range of language
  for making introductions and being introduced.
•
  Use different
  conversation openers and endings.
•
  Use a range of
  adjectives for agreeing with people.
Ask questions as tactfully as
  possible to find out information.

5
'What do you think
of my haircut?' Actually, I preferred it the way it was. speak out
Imagine that you are at an
international conference or a party.
Move
round the classroom starting conversations.
•    Get to know as much about each person
as you can.
•    Introduce the person you have just met
to someone else and pass on any information you havé.
                                                                                01
NICE TO MEET YOU                     05
Speak for yourself
1  Listen
to three people describing the same problem. What is it? Which person do you
most sympathize with?
2  Do
you have enough time? What three things would you do if you had more time?
Reading
Detailed understanding
o 1 Before you read The mad rush to save
time, predict three things the writer will discuss.

02
TIME

FLIES

In this lesson

Practise reading for detailed understanding.
Study and
  practise words and expressions connected with time. Focus on how to describe
  trends. Talk about trends in your country.

2 Against the clock! You have four
minutes to read the whole text and check your predictions.
THE MAD RUSH TO SAVE TIME
Time has become a scarce commodity. Everyone wants more of it. The
refrain, 'If only I had more time echoes around offices and homes in the
western world; 'hurry sickness' is becoming the maiaiSe of the new millennium.
All over the world, people are working longer and longer hours, and struggling
to fit more and more into every day. Symptoms include jabbing the 'åoor
close' button on lift doors to save the two to four seconds required for it to
do it on its own, and an inability to do one thing at a time, so that every
journey becomes a phone call opportunity.
Technology is speeding up the world. All over the globe, there has been a
massive increase in sales of laptops and mobile phones (with a hands-free set
so that you can do something else at the same time?; and we wonder hpwever we
managed without pagers, remote controls, and e-mail. We live in a instant,
Insistent world. Advertisements read 'Having trouble keeping up Wit{yourself?'
We yeatn for the slower pace of life we remember in the dim and distant past,
but enthusiastically sign up for e-mail, messaging services, evening classes,
even time management classes. The result is parents with a lack of quality time
to spend with their children, and surveys showing that working couples are
seeing less and less of each other these days, and that rows over time spent on
domestic chores áhd cili[dcare are becoming a major cause of marital
discord. The idea Of doing nothing has become terrifying, a sure sign of
worthlessness.
06
Like any commodity that has become
scarCe, time has become a battleground. In what is supposed to be the world of the consumer, firms are stealing
time from customers. It is now perfectly acceptable to be asked to hold the
instant the phone is answered. This saves the company time, but costs you time.
We are engaged in a constant, subtle War over time. If politics of class
dominated the last century, the politics of time could dominate this one.
Of course, there is a class dimension to the rush culture. One of the
biggest transitions of the past few decades has been to take the previous
relationship between time and status — the rich had lots of time, the poor had
little — and reverse it. While bankers in the City are now at their desk at 7
a.m., in the good old days 'bankers' hours' meant 10 a.m. till 4 p.m. with a
decent lunch break. Moreover, to be seen to have time to spare is a sign of low
status; when arranging lunch, it is not done to be available too soon.
Similarly, being late is moving from being a sign of rudeness to a sign of
status.

A two-tier time Society is gradually being built, With the money-rich, time-poor
on one level, and the money-poor, timerich on the other. The rich are working
longer and longer hours in order to compete with each other. At same time, they
are employing others — cleaners, nannies, childminders, gardeners, and fast
food outlets — n order to Sllow them to work all the time. Meanwtflle, more and
more of us are putting ourselves on the treadmill of constant activity, taking
on an increasingly heavy workload, and never stopping for a moment to ask
ourselves why.
The Observer

Did you notice...?

•time, -He
of
poor / unemployed
/ the
disabled some of

C) poor had
The can be used with some adjectives to describe groups
  people
•
  the rich / the
  well-off / the the less well-off / the the elderly / the middle-aged young
•    the blind / the deaf / the Make
  generalizations about these groups of people.

3
Read
the text again and explain che expressions in bold
4
In
pairs, find .
1     two examples of 'hurry sickness'
2     five examples of time-saving
technology.
3     three consequences of not having
enough time
4     one example of how companies steal
time from customers.
5     two situations where having no spare
time has become a sign of status.
5
Do
you agree with the writer? Why // why not?
Vocabulary
Expressions connected with time
I Choose the correct word or words.
In pairs, check what the expressions mean in a dictionary.
 Let's go out for a drink for (old / past) times' sake.
2
We're living in
rented accommodation for the time (present / being).
3
I haven't seen Rob
for (donkey's I elephant's) years
4
I don't remember
that song —it was before my (time / times), I'm afraid
5      We arrived at the station just (in /
on) the nick of time.
6
The pace of life
was s ower in (the past I former times)
7
We had to get up
at the (crack / scratch) of dawn to catch the plane.
8
She decided to go
to Paris on the (impulse / spur) of the moment
9
The coach will
leave at five o'clock on the (point / dot)
10
It's (high time I
more than time) we bought new carpets.
2 Choose four expressions and make
true example sentences.
                                                                                02
TIME FLIES                                    07
Multi-word
verbs
We eti-thVSi0S+ioalIy Sign vp Gor time
management classes Having -trovbte keeping vp With yourselv
Against the clock! In pairs, you have
eight minutes to read the text, find the ten multi-word verbs,
and explain their meanmg.

'm a great procrastinator. I always put off doing today
what I could do tomorrow. I never seem to get round to writing long and
Important letters or paying outstanding bills. The problem is,

Pronunciation
1 How would you describe your
  pronunciation of English?
a
  It's almost like
  a native speaker's.
b
  It's mainly clear
  and comprehensible, c It's OK but sometimes hard to understand.
2
  What sort of
  pronunciation would you like to have?
3
  In pairs, decide
  on strategies for improving your pronunciation

47

URGENT _

my life is just too hectic; all the work piles up, and I find I can't
  keep up with all the things I have to do. I quite often fall behind with my
  paperwork and have to spend the weekend catching up.

I'd love to be able to just potter
  about and linger over reading the papers and having my meals. Perhaps when I
  -retire I'll be able to slow down, but until then can't see the pressure
  easing off.

2 In two groups, A and B,
write five questions about someone's lifestyle, using the verbs in 1. 3 In A /
B pairs, ask and answer.
Language work
Describing
trends
I Focus on form Try to complete the
extracts from the text in Reading without looking.
All over the world, people longer and longer hours, and to fit more and
more into every day.
       Couples                  less
and less of each other these days
A
two-tier time society
      More and more of us are              an
Increasingly heavy workload, and

 for a moment to ask ourselves why
I Which
verb form is used in all the sentences? Why?
2   What's the difference between
     A lot of people commute to London.
     A lot of people are commuting to
London.
3   What comparative forms can be used to
talk about an ongoing trend?
2
Choose
the alternative in A and B which is true for your country,
A great many young people use / are using mobile phones.
2
A large number of
women go / are going out to work.
3
Many people use /
are using credit cards as a means of payment
4
Many couples
choose / are choosing to live together without marrying.
5
People eat / are
eating a lot of convenience food
 Couples are tending to have more and more / fewer and fewer children. 2 Flights are becoming increasingly /
less and less affordable.
3
The gap between
rich and poor is getting wider and wider / smaller and smaller
4 The cost of living is getting higher and higher / lower and
lower.
5 The pace of life is getting faster and faster / slower and
slower

   08                                   02 TIME FLIES

There has been a dramatic
There was a         sharp steady
  slight

increase in
  mobile phone sales.
rise          the number of people
  buying decrease  mobile phones. drop

Sales of mobile phones
The number of people buying mobile
  phones

(have / has) increased.
doubled / trebled. fluctuated.
remained constant. decreased.
  dropped.

English in
use
Describing
increase and decrease
1
In
pairs, use the expressions in the box to describe the graphs.
2
Talk
about changes in consumer behaviour in your country.
• mobile
phones • home computers • food shopping • cars
3
In two groups, A and B, check the pronunciation and meaning of your words as
nouns and verbs in a dictionary. Notice how the main stress is marked.
Pronunciation

Some two-syllable words
  are stressed on the first syllable when they are nouns and on the second when
  they are verbs.
-C) There has been an increase sales
  oc mob, re phones
C) Sales oe mobile phones have
  iã0œased

4
5 In A / B pairs, test each other by
giving definitions of words from your list. speak out
1 In groups of four, choose one of these
topics each and make notes on recent trends in your country.

Remember
• Use a range of language to describe recent and ongoing
  trends.
Use phrases to express increase and decrease.
Use expressions and multi-word verbs
  connected with time.

•
technology • education • leisure . work . family life
2 Take it turns to present your
opinions in one minute. For each presentation, nominate a monitor co note down
the expressions used to describe trends. After each presentation, discuss the
ideas put forward, and give your own opinion. Find out from the monitor how
many different expressions you used.

Follow-up
1    Write a paragraph about a recent trend
in your country.
2    Research idioms connected with time
and add them to your vocabulary book.
3    Interview someone about how they use
their time, using some of the language in

this unit. Note down their replies.

                                                  02 TIME
FLIES                                    09
Speak for yourself

In this lesson
Listen to fast colloquial speech Focus on describing habits.
Talk about
  food and eating patterns.

I
Read this questionnaire. Tick (V) the option which best describes you.

How important is food to you?
Food is
  one of life's great pleasures.
I enjoy good
  food, but it's not a priority for me. I eat to live.

2

How fussy are you about your food?
  I'll eat anything.
•
  There are
  certain foods I prefer to avoid.
•
  I'm a very picky
  eater.

•
  3

How do you feel about cooking?

5

What is your attitude to food additives?
•
  I only eat
  organically-produced foods.
•
  I try to avoid
  foods with flavourings and preservatives. It never occurs to me to read food
  labels.

6

How important are meal times to you?
I like to linger over my meals.
I tend not to spend a long time over eating.
I generally grab something quickly on the go.

7

How often do you nibble between meals?
Hardly ever.
Quite often.
• Constantly.

-
  8

How health-conscious are you?

• I tend to eat quite a lot of
unhealthy food.
I try not to eat food that isn't good for me.
I've no idea what constitutes a healthy diet.
2 In pairs, guess how your partner
answered. Discuss your answers.

Did you notice... ?
-D
Well, fhere's, like, mvtn, my brother, and and, like, we oltnog+ never eat
together
Like
here is an example of a filler Fillers are words or phrases that are often used
in fast speech to give the speaker thinking time.

Pronunciation
Look at a copy of the phonemic chart
  of sounds in English
1
  Do you know
  which sounds are represented by the symbols?
2
  Which words are
  represented by the symbols below?
            /fu:d/                7 r t]'
  Dklat/
2
  8
  /blænd/
3
  /kUk/ 9
  /rltl/
4
  /'hAngri/             10
  /'d3u:siV
5
  /
  ' 03:sti/             1 1 /di Z3:t/
6
  12

Listening
Fast, colloquial speech
1  Listen
to two people talking about Issues connected with eating. Note down the
problems each person mentions.
2  [ã]
Listen to a sixteen-year-old schoolgirl calking about eating habits in her
family.
     Which of the problems mentioned above
does her story illustrate?  Do you sympathize with her? Why / why not?
3  Listen
to the same girl describing an incident Involving her brother.
What is the main point of the story?
     Listen again. Which fillers can you hear?
4  Turn
to the Tapescript on p. 110, listen again, and underline the fillers.
5  Listen
again without the Tapescript. Can you understand the story better?
6  What
do you think? In pairs, ask and answer the questions.
1    Do you think children these days have
a less healthy diet than in the past?
2

In your country do people
generally sit down together and eat as a farn ly? Is this an important part of
fami y life? Why / why not?
3    Whose responsibility is it to give
advice on healthy eating?
Vocabulary
Adjectives to describe food
I In pairs, decide which adjectives in the
box have a negative meaning. Check in a dictionary.
greasy stodgy tasty rich sickly tough light raw
juicy bland          fresh
     heavy and fattening       containing
a lot of butter, cream, eggs, etc.
lacking
in flavournot cooked at all
difficult to chew  cooked in too much fat or oil too sweetprepared in a
simple way / not rich
03 FOOD FOR THOUGHT

Pronunciation
/o/ is the most common
  sound in British English. It never occurs in a stressed syllable.
1
  Mark the /a/
  sounds in these words.
butter      seldom important                  entertain
  pronunciation               potato adore       together margarine                  occasionally
  interesting                     banana
2
  Listen and check
3
  Listen again and
  repeat.

3  Against
the clock! In pairs, you have three minutes to decide which adjectives from 1
can be used co describe
•  fruit       • meat     • cakes     •
vegetables            fish
•  salad      •
bread     . chips      •
biscuits • cheese
4
These
adjectives all mean that something is 'past its sell-by date'. Which foods can
they describe?
5
In
pairs, describe a meal you have had in a restaurant or at someone's house.
Use a range of adjectives to comment on each course.
Food idioms
1  In
pairs, choose the correct explanation for the idioms in bold.
It's not my cup of tea    6
That's a half-baked idea a It's not the kind of thing I like.          a It's a ridiculous Idea b It's someone else's             b
It's not been thought through responsibility.           very carefu Iy.
2  That will give him food for7 Buttering me up Will get you thought   nowhere.
a
That will make him
think more a You won't get what you want by clearly.   telling me lies b That will give him a lot to think b
You won't get what you want by about.      flattery
3  You'll find that windsurfing is 8 She's out to lunch most of the a piece of cake time.
a
You'll enjoy it a She concentrates hard b You'll find it easy. b She's slightly
mad
4  She's the breadwinner in the         9 He's got a sweet tooth family. a He likes sweet food a She earns the main salary.  b He
always talks nicely to b She works the hardest.   people
5  1've got a lot on my plate at the     10
He gets paid peanuts moment.            a His salary is
low.
a
I'm very busy.                      b
He gets a lot of extra benefits b I'm enjoying life.
2 Do the idioms have an equivalenc in your
language?
English in use
Describing habits
CD We'll eat
watching the •tetly +ogether
-D My
husband generally -tends -to come itl quite late
-D / go
-through phases oe skipping lunch
-D / tend
no-t to eat ov-i- durit•lg the week
C) He never
gets fo eat any-f-hi(lg bl,'-t snacks
-D We almost never ea+ together
03 FOOD FOR THOUGHT
I Focus on form In pairs, decide how
/ when the forms on p. 12 describing habits are used.
2 Use the different forms to talk
about your habits relating to .
•
physical exercise • television • travel to work / school • daily routines
Adverbs and adverbial phrases of frequency
3
'
Against the clock! In pairs, you have three minutes to position these adverbs
and adverbial phrases on the frequency scale above.
0 once
in a blue moon every now and again once in a while as a rule from time to time
nine times out of ten every so often hardly ever seldom rarely, if ever
occasionally generally
4
Where
do they go in a sentence?
5
In
groups of three, describe what you do / don't do on Sundays. speak out
1 In groups of three, describe your
eating habits, Talk about the
types of food you eat or don't eat
•   mealtimes: where, what time, how long,
and who with.
•   eating out and cooking.
2
Ask
questions after each person has finished speaking. Take it in turns to monitor,
and tick (U) every time a point from the Remember box is used correctly.
3
Think
about your own country and others you have visited. Decide which has .
•    the healthiest diet.
•    the tastiest food.
•    the most sensible mealtimes and eating
habts.

Remember
•   Use will I tend to I go through
    phases of + ing, and the present simple to describe habits.
•   Use a range of adverbs and
    adverbial phrases of frequency,
•   Use different adjectives to
    describe food.
•   Concentrate on the correct
    pronunciation of words with the 'at' sound.

Follow-up
Imagine you have applied to join a fitness club and you
    have been asked to describe your lifestyle on an application form. Write
    about your habits in one paragraph.
2    Visit a local bar or restaurant
    with another class member. Make notes on the food, service and atmosphere,
    in preparation for giving a spoken review in class.
3    Study the rules for the position
    of adverbs in a grammar book. Make notes on anything new you learn.
4    Design a survey to find out about
    food and eating in different parts of the world.

03 FOOD FOR THOUGHT
Speak for yourself
What questions would you ask the
people in the photos about their jobs / studies?
Listening

04
SO WHAT

IS

IT

YOU

DO?

In this lesson
Talk about jobs, studies, plans, and
  ambitions.
Practise using verb / noun
  collocations.

Focusing on
verb forms
1
Listen
to Mark asking Russell about his job. Note down the questions he asks
2
Listen
again. Note down what Russell says about his work in general his current project.
3
Listen
to Mark talking about h1S work.
1     What two jobs does he do?
2     How does he describe doing two jobs at
once? Why?
4 Focus on form Read the transcript of
Mark describing his job. Which forms of the verbs In brackets complete the
text?
                       Did you
notice...?                                                         I work with
all kinds of household name businesses over here and I usually work
                Why did Russell say                                                      with
small groups of managers in the area of improving communication, er,
               C) / work vv'H-hitl the
meditJffl4 oç communications, area, um, and I l inter-relations,
(do) er, team-building, that for about twenty problem-solving, years or so.
that But type I of
Aid pha$ogrophy    (always /
be) musical, and 1 3                               (be)
a but talk about ?      performer
tn the past, and about seven or eight years ago I a  that I'm working on          (start)
composing and, um, I                  (do) bits for the BBC, |
(do) a wildlife series a few months
ago.
5 Listen again and check. Why are
these verb forms used?
14

Did you notice...?
C) So
what dc) yov do?
So how
[ong have yov beetl doing •fhO-t?
What is
the reason for using So at the
beginning
of a question?

2
3
4

Listen and write down the you hear.
sound do they have in common? How many different is it
  spelt?
again and practise the words.
of five other words with the sound.

words Which
ways Listen
  repeating
Think same

Pronunciation
English in use
Asking
about jobs and studies
-D So what 6 it that you do?
1 Against the clock!
You have two nunutes to predict the questions.
        I What                                  a
living, then?
2   What have               work-wise?
3   So how long
4   How's
5   How did
2
Listen
and check.
3
Listen
again. Note down three useful expressions from the responses.
4
Listen
to someone asking a teenager about their studies. Did you ask the same
questions in Speak foryourself?
5
In
pairs, ask and answer about your own jobs or studies.

Vocabulary
Collocations
1 Complete with the correct form of a
single or multi-word verb.
                                                                                I
I'm planning to                                   freelance in March
2   Hopefully I'll promoted when my boss
retires.
3   When I've my degree, I'd like to advert
s•ng.
4   My ambition is to               my own
business.
5   1'm fed up with the commuting, so I'm
planning to                       my notice.
6   1'm hoping I won't    redundant when
the firm is downsized
7   1'm going to six months' maternity
leave after the baby's born.
8   1'm toying with the idea of                     early
retirement next year,
2 In pairs, ask and answer about your
plans and ambitions using verb noun collocations. speak out
1 In pairs, A look at 17.103 and B look
at p.107. Check the meaning of any new words in a dictionary.

Remember
Ask questions and show interest to keep the
  conversation going.
 Use a range of expressions to ask aboutjobs and ambitions.
Use
  correct verb forms to talk about jobs and current projects.
Use verb / noun collocations to talk
  about jobs and studies.

1 Ask B about his / her job. Say what you think it involves, 2 B confirm or correct A'S ideas. Swap
roles.  so what doyou do for a living?
B I'm a sound engneerfor MGMfilms.
A   Oh, right. So does that mean you
actually record the actors?
B   Well,
not exactly. My job involves working in a studio and editing.
2 Make similar conversations with
ideas ofyour own,
04 SO WHAT IS IT YOU DO?
Speak for yourself
1
Do
you believe In love at first sight? Has it ever happened to you or people you
know?
2
In
pairs, decide what Initially attracts one person to another.
3
Read
the extract. Do you agree with the psychologists?
It seems that love at first sight— eyes meeting across a crowded room —
is not just the stuff of romantic novels; it is a scientifically-recognized
phenomenon. According to research carried out by psychologists, when we meet
someone, it takes us only a few seconds to make up our minds if we are attracted
to them and to weigh up their suitability as a prospective mate. Appearance and
body language are what we look at first of all, but we can also pick up
important clues as to a person's background and personality from their voice
and the way they speak.

LOVE

AT

FIRST SIGHT?

In this lesson

Read to
  pick out key points.
Look at expressions and multi-word
  verbs connected with relationships.
Practise paying compliments. Focus
  on so, such, and realty.

4
In
two groups, A and B, match your words below.

blind

hearts

eligible

office

lonely

bar

arranged

Right

lifelong

date

Mr

ceremony

soul

commitment

registry

bachelor

-singles

mate

civil

marriage

Pronunciation
1
  Mark the stress
  on the words in these word families.
advert      photo advertise                  photograph
  advertising                  photography advertisement                  photographer
  psychology                     biology psychologist                  biologist
  psychological                 biological organize  person organizer                  personal
  organization                  personality
2     Listen and check. What do you notice about the
  position of the stressed syllable?
3     Listen again and practise repeating
  the word groups.

5
A
turn to p,103, and B to 17.107, Check your expressions and in A/ B pairs, ask
and answer the questions.
Reading
Taking
notes
I In three groups, A, B, and C, A read
Text A opposite, B turn to p. 103, and C to p. 107. Make notes to answer your
questions.
2
In
groups of three, tell sot-neone from another group about your text, using the
notes you have made as prompts,
3
What
do you think? Which of the ways of meeting a partner is most and least likely
to lead to a lasting relationship? Why?
HERE'S THE DEAL: WILL YOU MARRY
Lesley Friedman, millionaire and chief executive officer York law firm,
describes her quest to find a soul mate. 'I forty and unattached, and I
thought, "I have been a very successful entrepreneur. What if I approached
dating the way I business?"' So she mapped out her five-year plan: find
the market for your product; re-image the product if current image working;
network; ask for the order; close the deal and get married.
The easiest part was step one, the
market component. Friedman is looking for an intelligent, highly motivated man
aged forty plus, so she zeroed in on high-brow charities and political fund-raisers.
Step two, re-imaging, was where she ran into problems. The transformation
itself was a wild success. On the advice of friends and a trainer, she lost two
stone, hired a consultant to revamp her wardrobe from dowdy to sexy,
straightened and cut her hair, and replaced her glasses with contact lenses. 'I
wanted to be judged on my achievements', she says. 'But I found that while
women look for their mental and emotional peer in a partner, men focUS on looks
and chemistry first. So I finally decided that yes, changing my looks was
superficial and against my feminist instincts, but I am fortysomething and want
to get married.'
Friedman also began networking (step
three) by attending balls and fund-raising events, but found that step four
(ask for the order) was the key to success. It'S the reason she has had 150
dates in the past two years, spawning six relationships and one proposal of
marriage (which she turned down). 'In business, you can't have a pleasant talk
With the buyer and leave it at that. To close the deal, you have to ask for the
order. You have to ask your friends to fix you up, to make the sale. You have
to be introduced to men. And if one date doesn't work out, you go out and get another.'
Now near the end of
year two in her five-year plan, Friedman is still single, enthusiastic, and
hopeful. Women applaud her, while men are either intrigued or intimidated.
'There are some people who find what I am doing wrong. They say to me,
"Lesley, you should wait to be chosen", but I don't think so. See you
at the wedding!'

two stone
— 12.7 kg
1 How successful was each ofthe five steps in Friedman's plan, and why? 2
How have other people reacted to her plan?
Did you notice... ?                             Vocabulary
/ decided
/ wanted to meet
     a  like this becovse  Expressions
and multi-word verbs
/ was over 40 I In two groups, A and
B, look at the expressions in your column. There are various ways of talking Try
to explain their meaning, Check in a dictionary. about people's relationship status. What do these
expressions mean?
                                                            have
an affair with                                      hit it off with
•    my other half       my ex       think
the world of     be infatuated with
•    a single parent     . a spouse be on
the same wavelength as  be crazy about
•    we're going out together      have a
crush on        have a fling with
•    we're living together            have a
soft spot for   be seeing someone -not see eye to eye with              be
unfaithful to flirt with           play hard to get
2 In A/ B pairs,
test your partner on the expressions in your column.
05 LOVE AT FIRST SIGHT?

3  Against the clock! You have four
minutes to complete the sentences with the correct words.
 I didn't use to like Emma but she's beginning to grow  me. 2 Matt and Jo have split thought they
were gett'ng on wel .
3 I didn't take            her at first but now we're really
close. 4 Who was that girl you were chatting  In the bar last night?
5 Tom fell  Alex and now they're not speaking.
6
They had a
terrible row last week but think they've made  now.
7
I'm not sure Jenny will ever get       Philip He meant the
world to her. 8 used to really fancy James but I've gone     him recently.
4
Use some of the expressions and multi-word verbs you didn't know before
to describe relationships you or your friends have had.

Pronunciation
1
  Mark the words
  with the main stress in the compliments below.
2
  Listen and
  check.
3
  Listen again and
  repeat.

English in use
Paying compliments
1
Which
responses are possible for each compliment?
2
Would
you make the same responses? Why / why not?

05 LOVE AT FIRST SIGHT?
Language work
So, such, and really
1
Focus
on form Complete these rules.
Use so before  adjective • •adjective 4 noun
Use such (a) before adverb • or 'negative' noun Use really before
2   Look
at the cartoons and decide what the people are saying.

speak out
1 a Prepare compliments to pay to
others in the class. Think about .
•   clothes  appearance • skills • talents
•
recent
achievements                       personal qualities
b Against the clock! You have five minutes
to go round the class and pay compliments. Respond in an
appropriate way.
2 a Look at the statements. Choose
one you agree with and one you disagree with, and prepare your
ideas.

Remember
• For la and b, use a range of
  expressions with so, such, and really to pay compliments
For 2a and b, use a wide range of expressions and
  multi-word verbs to talk about relationships.

You should wait till you are in your thirties before getting married. Mamage
was easieï iãž           païents' daysTrue love lasts forever.
Divcrce is  mafflage.
Getting married is better than living together.
b In groups of four, talk about the
statements you chose and why you agree / disagree With them.

Follow-up
1
Look in an
English-language newspaper / magazine and find the Lonely Hearts column. Find
out the meanings of any abbreviations used, and look up any words you don't
know. Choose the most suitable partner for you!
2
Write the ad that
you would place in a Lonely Hearts column.
3
Make a word
diagram to link words and expressions connected with love and romance in your
vocabulary book
4
Look up
derivatives of six of the words in this unit. Note these in your vocabulary
book, and mark the stress on each one.

                                                                                05
LOVE AT FIRST SIGHT?                 19
Speak for yourself

1 In pairs, ask and answer.
1   How often do you read or listen to the
news?
2   Do you prefer to follow the news on
TV, on the radio, or in newspapers? Why? 3 What proportion of news In your
country is devoted to international affairs?
2
Rate your opinion for each statement.
                                                                        agree
1                   2                 3                 4                    5 disagree
Genetically
modified foods should be banned
Everyone
should have the right to freedom of expression.
The benefits
of nuclear power outweigh the risks.
Earthquakes
often cause more death and destruction than is necessary. There is no point in
going on a demonstration.
[2 The developed countries should cancel debts owed by poorer
countries.
National
industries should not be sold off to foreign companies.
The
private lives of politicians do not concern the public

In this lesson
Listen to understand news bulletins.
Study the use of articles.
Focus on two-part nouns.
Practise
  giving and reacting to news.

3
What do you think? Choose three of the topics to discuss in pairs.
Listening
Following
news bulletins
1
In
two groups, A and B, predict which words / phrases from your box will
feature in which news story.
AN
EARTHQUAKE A DEMONSTRATION THE INTERNET THE CAR INDUSTRY
unions
management casualties rally abolition rubble clashed death toll censor crackdown
detained providers
A POLITICAL SCANDAL GM FOODS DEVELOPING COUNTRIES NUCLEAR POWER
ingredients
stand down leak resignation eliminate donated allegations eradication brand
crops aid plant
2
Listen
to your bulletins and note down the main point of each story.
3
Within
your group, compare your ideas. Listen again and check.
4
In
A / B pairs, tell your partner about two or three of the stories that you
heard.
Apparently, .
I heard on the news that.

5
Listen
to five more stories and note down key words / phrases.
6
In
pairs, summarize the five stories one sentence each.

Did you notice... ?

sack.
(9M
Will make today o baby forms to

The Foreign Secretary resigned
He handed in his t-esignotiotl earlier today beet•l given •the 31-C is
  -to eliminate ingredients.
-D Il-e BaMk oc England atlnovncemetl-t- later
-D Jenny's going -to kwe
You can use a range of verb make announcements.

7
Which verb forms in Didyou notice are used
•    to announce recent news?
•    to add further detai s, especially
regarding time and place?
•    to make announcements about the near
future in informal speech?
•    to make announcements about the near
future in formal speech?
Vocabulary
Two-part nouns
 The governmetl-t has announced o
crackdown on -the pvblica¾on o? oQCenswe literature
 There was a reported breakdown iti a
nuclear power station
1 Read the sentences. Match the nouns
in bold with the definitions.
1    And we'll be bringing you an update on
that Story later on.
2    Relief workers are struggling to
prevent an outbreak of cholera.
3    The Prime Minister has suffered a
setback in his electoral campaign 4 There has been a breakthrough in
talks on the future of the car industry. 5 The low turnout at the conference may
have been due to the weather, 6 Car workers have been asked to double output by the end of
the year. 7 The government is to announce cutbacks in its education budget 8 The outcome of the talks will be known
ater today.
9
The company has an
annual turnover of £400 million.
10
There are fears Of
a backlash against the government by the rebel forces.
a number of people attending b amount of
production c result of something d amount of business e problem that delays
progress f sudden start of something g important new development h reduction in
something  negative reaction to something  account of recent developments
2
Which
part of the nouns is stressed? Practise saying them.
3
In
pairs, choose four of the nouns and write example sentences.
4
[n
groups of four, read out your examples without the noun for the other pair to
complete.
06 HERE IS THE NEWS

3 Tick the letter(s) co complete this
rule correctly.

Pronunciation
1
  Read the story in
  1 again. In pairs, decide which words are stressed and where the pauses are.
2
  Listen again and
  check
3
  Practise reading
  with the tape
4
  Practise reading
  to each other. Monitor stress and pauses.

We almost always use a determiner (a / the / my / this / that) before a singular countable nouns b plural nouns c uncountable nouns
Forming noun
phrases

Look at these examples
offensive literature is published the publication of
  offensive literature student grants will be abolished the abolition of
  student grants

4 Look at the headlines below and
describe the topic of the stories. Use a noun phrase instead of a verb.
Cezanne masterpiece stolen.
The story is about the theft ofa
Cézanne masterpiece.
        Hospital wards to be closed                                1,000

HECTARES
FIRE

LOST IN

foods to be eradicated

Scientists discover AIDS vaccine GM

GOVERNMENT TO LAUNCH NEW DRUGS
  INITIATIVE

2,000 new homes to De built
Car plant
will create about 1,000 jo s
Pop star 'mysteriously disappears
06 HERE IS THE NEWS
English in use

Giving and reacting to news
I Listen to seven conversation openrngs. In each case, predict what the
listener Will say next.
2
Listen and check
your predictions.
3
Turn to the
Tapescnpc on p. 112 and find expressions used to .
a Introduce news d respond to bad news b respond to good news e express
lack of surprise c express surprise f show interest
4  Against the clock! You have three minutes to match these expressions
to the categories in 3.

How
annoying!
That's
hardly surprising.
According
to the Independent, That's incredible!
Well
done!
What a nightmare!
What a
pity!
They haven't, have they? You must be thrilled. speak out
I'm so
sorry.
Congratulations!
Oh, right.
He didn't! Really? That makes a change! Apparently, Wow!
That's fantastic! Good for him!

1 Prepare to exchange personal,
local, national, or international news. Look at the categories below and make
notes on some of them.
I News
about yourself, family members, friends, and acquaintances. jobs                   •
relationsh'ps                   • ce ebrations               pets
. holidays houses purchases . hobbies
2 News about your school, university, or workplace.
• staff changes • courses working
practices buildings • exams • social events
3 News you've heard on the TV or
radio, or read In the newspapers. political news • local news international
events
                                                                                •
celebrities                       entertainment           . sport

1
2

Listen to the stress and intonation of some of the
  expressions in English in use 4.
the
  stressed words.
again and repeat.

Mark
Listen

Pronunciation
2   Move around the class exchangmg news.
Ask questions and repeat news you have heard from other class members.

Follow-up
Study
  a news item (from the radio, TV, or newspaper) and prepare to summarize it in
  the next lesson
2
  Look at the
  Tapescript of the news bulletins on pp. 1 1 1/1 12 and note down useful words
  / multi-word expressions in your vocabulary book.
3
  Write a local
  news item for a bulletin and practise saying it. In class, record a news
  programme including some of the bulletins.
4
  Prepare three
  pieces of personal, local, national, or international news to bring to the
  next lesson.

Remember
Use a range of expressions
  for giving and reacting to news.
Concentrate on the correct use of articles.
Use some two-part nouns.

3   In groups of four, share the most
interesting pieces of news.
                                                                                06
HERE IS THE NEWS                     23
Speak for yourself
 Against the clock! In pairs, you have
five minutes to improvise four of these conversations.
I Ask a
stranger for directions to the station.
2   Ask a friend for someone's phone
number.
3   Ask a stranger questions about the bus
service.
4   Ask for details of accommodation at a
tourist information bureau.
5   Phone a Cinema to ask about
performance times.
6   Phone the electricity board to make an
inquiry about your electricity bill. 7 Ask a col eague for a phone number.

Listening
Noting the exact words

In this lesson
Practise asking for information politely.
Focus on colloquial responses. Study and practise ways of expressing
  degrees of certainty.

1 Listen to eight short
conversations In which people are asking for information. Say  where each conversation is taking
place.  what information is asked for

2

Listen to these extracts.
how the
  words are linked. again and repeat.

Notice

Listen

Pronunciation
3 What
do you think? Would you make requests in a similar way in your language? Did
you make similar requests in Speak fm-yourself?
English
in use
Asking
for information
Start conversations
politely
Against the clock! In pairs, you have four minutes to decide how these
questions might continue.
1     (At work ) Any idea what time
2     (On a train ) Do you happen to know if
6 (At a railway station) Could you tell me how long

Did you notice... ?

Use may,
  might, or could to indicate uncertainty about the past, present, or future.
—D TIM might
—D She may have popped ovt
Use should or ought to to express a tentative conclusion.
Pet-sotttlel OV9h+ -to Know
       —D She                  be
  back by {herl
Answer the questions in the
Vocabulary section
  using may, might, could, should, or ought to.

Vocabulary
Colloquial responses
Complete the responses. How certain is the speaker in each
response?
                                               'Do you know if they take credit
cards?' 'Sorry, I                    a
2    'Do you know how often the buses run?'
'Sorry,
3    'How long is the interval?' 'About
twenty minutes, as far as
4    'Do you know where the leisure centre
IS?' 'Sorry, I've no
5    'DO you know Adrian's date of birth?'
'Not off the
6    'Have you any idea where the Majestic
Restaurant is?' 'No, never  of it, sorry.
7    'Do you know if the post has gone?'
'Sorry, haven't the         idea,
8    'What flavour is this ice cream?'
'I've                    idea.'
9    'Is the trip fully booked?' 'I'm
pretty                     there are spaces left

Remember
Use a range of expressions to ask for information.
Use
  colloquial responses where possible.
Concentrate on word linking.

10  'Where's Caro 'I've a she's gone to
the dentist's.' speak out
1  In pairs, repeat the conversations you
had in Speak foryourself and improvise the others.
2  Write down five pieces of information
to get from others in the class. Move around the class, asking and answermg
questions.
07 HAVEN'T A CLUE
Speak
for yourself
If you could go anywhere in the world for a holiday,
where would you go?
Reading
Following a guidebook entry
1 Have you ever been to India? If so,
what were your impressions? If not, what sights and sensations would you expect
to find?
2 Against the clock! You have three
minutes to match the adjectives in A with the nouns in B.
vibrant  reality      contrasting              peaks
barren            palm groves             lush         landscapes tranquil  colours     snow-capped             filth
unspoilt            aroma      shocking  paddy fields harsh    beaches   rolling      spices
fragrant         deserts     exotic      hills

08
FARAWAY

PLACES

In this lesson
Read a guidebook entry.
Study and practise location
  expressions.
Focus on
  expressing preferences.
Practise
  speaking to reach a decision.

3 Read the text and check your answers.
Which of your ideas from 1 were mentioned?
4 What do you think? Read the article
again.
1 Underline
any features of life in India that particularly appeal to you. 2 In pairs,
compare your ideas.
                                                                                MD
OF            NTRASTS

There's nowhere quite like India:
  the heady concoction of all that is beautiful in the world, and the harsh
  reality of a country that is home to around 900 million people.

To paint India as only a
romantic destination would be painfully superficial. There are such extremes of
poverty and wealth in this vast, vast subcontinent that it would be callous
just to talk of the incredible sunrises and sunsets over the Taj Mahal. A
holiday in India would undoubtedly take in fabulously romantic sights, but no
visit to India can gloss over the shocking filth, poverty, continual hassle and
throngs of people that is part of life. Despite all this, perhaps because of
all the hassles, people fall deeply in love with this fascinating country, and
long to return again and again.

Did you notice... ?
            Tr115
vast,            Subcorrtinetl-r
People long fo red-yr-rl again end again
What is
the effect of repeating the
words
in bold?

The
  subcontinent has a life of its own — from the haggling buyers and sellers to
  the passionately revered cows in the streets, along with the vibrant colours
  and fragrant aroma of the flower garlands and the mounds of exotic spices
  piled up in the markets. It is also steeped in a complex history stretching
  back over 4,000 years, during which the philosophies, religions, and
  languages of its people have expanded to produce the immense wealth of
  culture, heritage, and tradition that exists there today.
There is no
  doubt that India's landscapes are overwhelmingly beautiful in their variety.
  They range from the harsh barren deserts of Rajasthan to the rolling green
  hills of Darjeeling; from the snow-capped peaks of the Himalayas to the
  tranquil palm groves and lush paddy fields of the south, to say nothing of
  the long unspoilt beaches beside the Indian Ocean. You can stay in former
  palaces, explore hilltop forts, haggle for an auto-rickshaw in Delhi, escape
  the heat among the tea plantations of Darjeeling, or for those who prefer a
  more leisurely holiday, you can just relax for a few days on a palm-fringed
  beach somewhere off the beaten track.
And then there is religion. Apart from the continually contrasting
  landscapes and the colourful pageant Of its people, at the very heart of
  India is a religious spirit which, more than anything else, is responsible
  for making the country so magical, so captivating. Indeed, the very essence
  Of India is religion, and the strength of Hinduism and Buddhism, both of
  which originated there.

The Good
  Honeymoon Guide

Vocabulary
Location expressions
relax Cor o lew days a palm-cringed beach somewhere the beaten track
1
  Read these
  sentences and tick (U) those which are true for you. There is a cinema within
  walking distance of my home.
2
  I love spending
  my holidays off the beaten track
3
  My English schoo
  is located right in the heart of the town.
4
  I'd hate to live
  in the middle of nowhere
5
  live a couple of
  minutes' walk from a bus stop.
6
  It's dangerous
  to wa k alone in the back streets of my town. 7 It's a ten-minute drive to
  the supermarket from where live 8 There's a bank a few blocks from here.

9 I'd
like to stay in a hotel that's just a stone's throw from the sea.
10 The nearest airport is only about ten kilometres away as the crow
flies 2 In pairs, compare your ideas.
3 • Against the clock! In pairs, you have two minutes to explam the difference between the expressions in
bold.
I The
youth hostel is situated north of / in the north of the city.
2 We stayed in a campsite on the main road / off the main road 3 We have to go inland / to the
mainland to do our shopping.
4 We
spent our holiday on the coast / on the beach
4 Use some of the expressions in 1 and 3 to talk about your home, your
school, and holidays you have had.
                                                        08
FARAWAY PLACES                      27

Language work
Expressing preferences
For -those
who preeer o more esvrely holiday, you carl just re lax
I Focus
on form Complete the sentences with one word

General preferences

On the whole, I prefer sightseeing                 sunbathing.
Personally, I like secluded coves                 than
  crowded beaches.
I like them both
I don't like                 of them

Making a choice

I think I'd rather go out                 stay in tonight
Given the choice, I                    sooner
  stay in a hostel than go camping.
On balance, I'd prefer to travel alone                 than
  go on a coach tour.
I'd just as                 go for a week as go for a
  fortnight.
I don't mind.
  It's to you. I'm easy. I'll go you like.

Asking about preferences

Which do
  you                   the seaside or the countryside?
Do you                 the
  seaside or the countryside?
What would you                 do, go for a walk or have a
  swim?

Would you                 have a beer or a Coke?

2 In pairs, ask and answer questions about the followmg topics. Give
reasons for your preferences.

Pronunciation
1
    Try saying the
    Asking about preferences questions with the correct intonation.
2
    -1 Listen,
    check, and repeat.
3
    In pairs,
    practise asking and answenng.

General preferences

Making a choice

rugged landscapes / picturesque landscapes beach holidays / city
    breaks lively resorts / quiet places travelling by train / travell'ng by
    car

go to an art gallery / v sit a monument travel
    independently / go on a package tour go on holiday alone / go with friends
    camp / stay in a hotel

08 FARAWAY PLACES
WINDAMERE
HOTEL

THE most refined and
  popular place to

frivolous
  modern amenities here such

water bottles,
  afternoon tea served on

Stay in Darjeeling, the
  Windamere is

              as
  televisions, central heating, or

the
  lawn, a string quartet playing in

the perfect spot if you
  are looking for a

minibars, and the owner
  of the hotel

the
  drawing-room, and a pianist who

little Old world style
  and relaxation.

Mrs Tenduf-La, a
  formidable Tibetan

plays
  during dinner. The food at the

This wonderful Old
  colonial mansion,

octogenarian,
  is proud Of it. Instead

Windamere
  is excellent, and the

ser On the slope Of
  Observatory Hill, is

the Windamere has Other
  delights in

portions
  generous, Bedrooms are

just
  like stepping back in time co the

store
  for guests, such as open fires lit

basically furnished,
  WIth private

days of the Empire.
  You'll find no

each night in the guest
  rooms, hor

shower (cold water
  only) and WC.

2

3
  Listen to extracts from the conversation in 2, Notice how the speaker's voice
  changes pitch when he quotes from the text. In pairs, practise quoting from
  the text about India on pp.26 and 27
here,
Lis-ten -to -this

Pronunciation                                  2
       Listen to two people discussing the hotel. Are they enthusiastic?
3 Turn to the Tapescript on p.112 and
listen agam. Underline the language they use to express .
•
enthusiasm
about something       • doubt or uncertainty
•    lack
of enthusiasm about something     . a suggestion
4 In pairs, use the expressions to discuss
your reactions to the text. speak out
1 a In three groups, A, B, and C, A look
at the hotel information on
p. 104, B on p. 107, and C on p, 108.
b
Highlight
the points which appeal to you, things that don't appeal,
and anything you are uncertalll about.
c
Compare
your ideas with other people in your group.
d
In
A/ B / C groups, tell each ocher about your hotels, and reach a decision about
where to go.
2 In new groups of three or four,
imagine you have to make a threernmute promotional video clip for a holiday
destination you know. Reach a decision about .
     what
exactly you would show on the c ip
     a
running sequence for the video.
. a title.

Follow-up
1     Produce
  a poster to advertise your country or another holiday destination, and
  display it on the classroom wall.
2     Write
  a voice-over for the promotional video you planned in Speak out.
3     Find
  a description of a famous holiday destination in your country. Prepare to
  give a short summary to the class, and give your opinion on how accurately it
  portrays the place
4     Find
  a holiday brochure and note the kind of adjective / noun collocations that
  are commonly used. Starta page in your vocabulary book for adjective / noun
  collocations.

                                                                                08
FARAWAY PLACES                  29
09
CAUSE FOR CONCERN

In this lesson
Listen to
understand the main points. Study and practise expressions connected with crime
and quantity. Focus on ways Of talking about cause, blame, and solutions.
Practise
speaking to solve problems.
Did you notice...?
C)
Figures have showel
-D                                      a
third 04
We use this language to talk about science, medical developments, law and
order, developments in your own field, etc.
—D                beetl proved that
Research
hag itldicafed -i-ha-i-
-D
Accorditlg +0 0 recent repot—t
Speak for yourself
Westcombe's aim is for young
men to leave . . .
more able to
take their place in society as husbands, 'fathers, sons, employees, and
citizens. more likely to gain employment, enjoy constructiv leisure pursuits,
and participate in education less likely to reoffend.
What do you think? In pairs, ask and answer these questions. 1 What could
have caused the young men to committhese offences?
2 Why do you think the vast majority of young offenders are men? 3 What
would happen to them in your country?
Listening
The main points
Listen
to a probation officer at a prison for young offenders talking about the causes
ofjuvenile crime.
1    Note down the main points he makes.
Compare notes with a partner.
2    Turn to the -rapescript on p_ 112 _
Highlightany multi-word express ons that are new to you

Vocabulary
Expressions connected with crime
1
Read
the text quickly and decide what the maln topic is.
2
Against
the clock! You have five minutes to complete the text using the expressions
from the box.
effective discipline crime rate corporal punishment young offenders
stricter measures socially deprived in custody punishments patrol the streets
take out their aggression family breakdown too lenient on probation vandalized
juvenile delinquency
The sight of I telephone booths and bus shelters, slashed tube seats, and walls sprayed
with graffiti has become depressingly common. For many people, the rising has
become a cause of considerable concern. There are those who consider the recent
increase in to be due to a lack of at home and at school. They maintain that
the courts have become far with criminals, and that should be taken. Police should in
greater numbers to keep an eye on trouble-makers; and as for youngsters
convicted of an offence, putting them 8 is no longer enough. It is
time, they say, for a return to old-fashioned measures like
Others, however, blame social
conditions such as unemployment, poor housing, and They say that many lacking
any proper facilities or means of expression, need to let off steam, and so
they on their environment. These people, they say, are and we should be
offering them our help and understanding rather than keeping them and handing
out increasingly severe

These expressions are used in more formal English
  instead of words like most, many, some, etc.
a great deal of the majority of a large number of a great many vast
  amounts of a tiny minority of a certain amount of a small number of a small
  amount of the vast majority of the overwhelming majority of a number of
  virtually all virtually no

3
In pairs, A and B, A read out the first sentence and
pause at the gap. B try to remember the expression. Swap roles half-way
through.
Language
work
Quantity
expressions
1
Against
the clock! You have three minutes to divide the expressions into two groups,
according to whether they are used with countable or uncountable nouns. Some
can be used with both.
2
Arrange
them in order in their groups, from largest to smallest.
3
Which
expressions are followed by a plural verb and which by a singular verb?
09 CAUSE FOR CONCERN

pronunciation

2
3

Listen to eight quantity expressions. Notice the
  pronunciation of a, the, and of, again and repeat.
about class members using of the
  quantity expressions
p.31. Pay attention to the
  pronunciation of a, the, and of.

Listen

Talk some on

Whá:c
negative things havyyou learned in prison?-:.:_
W'kat
kind of work will u
b— doÄ.v en ou le
at
positive things can prison offer you?-
                So,          are you
in here?"
Wh is
it so important to ave of mon
4 Complete the sentences with a suitable expression.
violent crimes are committed by men
2
countries impose
the death penalty.
3
crimes are related
to drugs.
4
juvenile
delinquency is caused by family breakdown.
5
judges are women
6
At present, there
is                unemployment in my country. 7          crimes remain
unresolved each year.
8
people are the
victims of burglary each year.
9
There is            poverty
in my country.
10
vio ence iS shown
on TV nowadays.
'Ungrammatical' language
5
Listen to five
extracts from interviews with young offenders.
Match the questions to the extracts,
6
What were the
answers to the questions? Did they surprise you? 7 Focus on form What is
'ungrammatical' about these sentences? I I'm in here because done an armed
robbery.
2   1 thoughtl knew it all, but when I
come in here, don't know nothing.
3   We're going to have to do them stupid
jobs.
4   You've got work that don't pay you
nothing.

English in
use
Cause, blame, and solutions
1 Complete the
sentences with a suitable word.

Talking
think one reason  young people turn to crime is  they don't have a job.
The main reason  juvenile delinquency is unemployment. I think the increase in violence
  is largely / partly / entirely  to a lack of recreational
  facilities.
A key factor  juvenile crime is poor parenting.
about blame

Talking
I think society as a whole is  blame.
I blame the problem  television.
I think parents have a lot to answer forward solutions

Putting
I think I don't think we hand out stricter punishments. The best
  solution / One way forward would be  schools exercise more discipline.
I think there's a lot / something to
  be said    community service.

Pronunciation
1
  Try saying these
  words with the correct stress.
solution  television expression                  institution
  conversation                 decision qualification                  relation
  option     Invasion intonation                  education
2
  Listen and check
3
  Listen again and
  repeat.
4
  Think of six
  other words ending in
-tion or -sion.

about the cause of a problem
I
09 CAUSE FOR CONCERN

2 In pairs, look at the newspaper headlines and choose three that
interest you,

speak out
1 a You are going to take part in a public meeting to discuss how co
tackle the problem of growing levels ofjuvenile crime. Read the background
information below.
BARCHESTER is a medium-sized town
which has recently seen a massive increase in violence, and in vandalism, petty
theft, burglary, and armed robbery involving young offenders (up to the age of
21). There is a high unemployment rate, and many young people leave school
without qualifications. A large number of the offenders come from troubled family
backgrounds, and drug abuse is a growing problem, A meeting has been called to
decide how to spend a sum of money allocated by the government to deal with the
town's crime problems.

b
Turn to  and read the
proposed solutions.
c
Agree on a time limit as
a class. In groups of three, follow this agenda.
1    Discuss the reasons for the recent
increase in crime and violence in general.
2    Review the advantages and
disadvantages of the proposed solutions.
3
Reach agreement on
how the solutions can be implemented. 4 Choose the two best solutions.
2  Listen to the probation officer giving his opinion on the best way to
rehabilitate young offenders.
I What three
solutions does he mention?

Remember
• Use a range of expressions to talk about crime,
  cause, blame, and solutions.
Use a range of
  expressions to describe quantity.
Back up your argument.

Follow-up
Find a newspaper report of a crime, and underline any new multi-word
  expresslons.
2
  Write a short
  letter to a newspaper, saying who you think is to blame for a problem that is
  in the news, and explaining your idea for a solution.
3
  Prepare to give
  a short speech on a topic that gives you cause for concern.

2 Do you agree
that prison is not the best option?
09 CAUSE FOR CONCERN
Speak for yourself
1 Read the questionnaire. Tick (1) the
option which best describes you.

In this lesson
Talk about cross-cultural differences.
Practise interrupting and returning
  to a topic.
• Look at vocabulary connected with
  body language.

When you want to s
  something in class, do you speak out immediately?
try to
  attractthe teacher's attention?
wait for the teacher to invite you to speak?

When you want to interrupt a group
  of people, do you .

gesture that you want to say something? butt in with what
  you want to say?

When ou are listening@someone s
  eaking, do you.
make noises
  and comments as they speak? nodžand maintain eye contact? lookaway and
  listen in silence?

If there is a long pause in a conversation, do you .
feel
  embarrassed?
try to fill
  the silence immediately? feel perfectly comfortable?

wait for a pause in
the conversation?
2 In small groups, compare your answers. What differences would you
expect in different cultures?
Listening

Did you notice... ?

thinks to Stop
Pt.' say
all
about
use one and your. refer to when
use he or or her.

that the
  pet-sorl trying
Orla
  intet-rvp•t•
C.) YOVjVSt go up,
               Have         got a light?'
Say atlyfhiMg at
Use you / your to generalize what most people do. In very formal
  situations, and one's instead of you They, them, and their can a single
  indefinite person their gender is not known. A formal alternative is to she,
  him or her, and his

Noting the exact words
I Listen to two people discussing cross-cultural differences. I What aspects of cultural behaviour
do their two stories Illustrate?
2 How
is the behaviour they describe different from what happens in Britain? 3 What
would happen in your culture in these situations?
2 [a
Listen to extracts from the conversation. Answer the questions.
Extract
A
1     Has Lynne mentioned the seminar
before? How do you know?
2     What does Colin say to interrupt?
Extract
B
3     How does Colin Interrupt to start his
story? Extract C
4     How does Lynne return to her earlier
topic?
5     What expression shows that she has
forgotten what she was going to say?
Vocabulary
clench    your throat raise      your
arms Body language clear your eyebrows fold   your fingers             1              Against
the clock! You have three minutes to match the verbs in snap          your
fists  column A with the nouns in column B. raise your feet
c tap                   your legs             2 What mood
or signal, if any, do the actions convey?
rub          your head You
clenchyourfists Whenyou feel angry orfrustrated // to express anger. cross           your
eyes

shake                your voice          3
In pairs, practise mrming and guessing the actions In the box below.

Hang on,
Sorry, can I just say something?
Sorry to interrupt, but
If I can
  just make a point please, c
As I was saying,
Anyway, going back to (exams),
Anyway, what I was going to say was, .

My mind's gone blank.
I've lost my train of thought.
Where was
  l?
      What was I saying?
D
That reminds me of (a friend of                 mine),
       By the way, talking of
  (football),
        Changing the subject
  completely,

I
2

Listen to some turn-taking expressions and write down the word in each.
again and repeat.

stressed Listen

Pronunciation
2 In groups of three, decide on SIX
topics to talk about. Practise speaking, interrupting, and returning to the
topic. speak out

Remember
Practise turn-taking by using different expressions to interrupt and
  return to a topic.  Use words and expressions connected with body language,
 Use a range of indefinite pronouns to make generalizations.
• Concentrate on correct sentence
  stress.

1  Explain different customs related to
some of these topics in your own country or give examples from other cultures
you know.
•    telephoningpunctuality
•    touching peopleweddings • cothes /
dressingInterrupting body language and gesturesshopping birthdayshospitality
2  a Note down five pieces of advice to
give to visitors to your country, including one piece of bad advice.
b In groups,
take it in turns to speak and identify the bad advice.
10 WHERE WAS l?

Speak for yourself
I How do you prefer to get information
from books or via the Internet? Why?
2
Do
you think books will be supplanted by electronic technology? Why / why not?
3
What
are the advantages and disadvantages of using books / the

In this lesson
Read quickly to understand the main points of an argument.
Look at adverbs to express attitude. Focus on uses of the definite
  article.
Use discourse markers to structure a formal argument.

can access much of the world's
great art,
BY EÜECTRONIC TÉCHNOLOGY?
T H E I N T E R N ET
first,
can we divorce the sentimentality that surrounds the printed word from this
debate? Yes; racks of leatherbound books look fantastic. Yes, everyone loves to
curl up with a good book. But the real question is whether the printed word
Will be able to compete effectively with electronic media as a source of
knowledge - and the answer has to be no. On paper, knowledge is restricted and
isolated. Once digital, it becomes global, interconnected collaborative. Often
it becomes free.
Thanks to the Internet, I can access
much of the world's great art, literature, and scientific thought within
minutes, without having to leave my desk. At this moment, volunteers are
putting 1,000 of the world's greatest works of literature - from Balzac to
Xenephon - into digital form, On a CD-ROM costing tens of pounds. I can access
an encyclopedia which once cost hundreds. Surely you can see the benefit of
both of these phenomena? And surely you have to believe that for all the aesthetic
virtues we associate with the printed page, e ectromc media offer a much more
exciting and invigorating way to disseminate knowledge?
Instead of clinging to the cuddliness
of the book, we should be trying to get as many Internet-connected PCs to as many
Corners of the world as possible. We should save our children from out-of-date
textbooks, and get schools connected as quickly as possible. Clearly, those who
want to keep their books Will do - like those who hang on to vinyl records. But
we are looking towards the future here, hopefully a future where knowledge
flows freely, ignoring national boundaries or the whims of the publishing
industry. Electronic media are vital for this future.
The Guardian
3   Check
your ideas With someone in your group.
4   In
A / B pairs, swap information.
S Look back at the sentences in I.
Were your ideas right?
6 What do you think? In A / B pairs,
answer the questions.
Did
you notice...?                                                           I Are
there any points in the two texts that you disagree with? Why?
2
C)
Surely               con see the betteCi-ts                       Would you
rather learn English from a book or on the Internet? Why?
              the
/rl•tenlet carl bring?                                                 7 Which
word Of words in Didyou notice ? are used ..
Look at the uses Of these words into
agree informally to a request?to challenge or convince?
bold  to
agree formally to a request?  to state that you are sure? The book
definitely / certainly won't be supplanted by the computer.
'Would
you mind opening your                                       Vocabulary
suitcase, sir?' 'Certainly.'
'Can
you give me a hand?' 'Sure.                                   Adverbial phrases
Surely you don't believe that?
 Clearly, Those who watl+ -to keep
•their books Will do

Pronunciation
1 Practise saying
  these words. Which sound do they have in common?

fortunately                    feature
  naturally      virtually future                        congratulations
  literature      question 2   Listen and repeat the words.

Adverbs like clearly
  can be used in more formal English to express attitude. They often come at
  the beginning of a sentence or clause. obviously not surprisingly fortunately
  ironically sadly tragically hopefully naturally oddly enough clearly
  surprisingly understandably unfortunately strangely enough amazingly
  predictably

1
In
pairs, write three true sentences using these adverbs.
2
Read
your sentences to another pair without the adverb. They complete the sentences.

1
1 OUR CLEVEREST INVENTION?
Language
work
Uses of the
definite article

Thanks
to the Internet, I can access much of the world's great art.
The
is used with nouns that refer to something of which there is only one, or when
we know which one is meant, for example:
a
certain institutions or organizations, e.g. the church, the Internet b
geographical or cosmic features, e.g. the sun, the equator
C
things that people usually have only one of, e.g. the front door, the fridge

Usually
  the is not used to make generalizations, e.g. I love books. (not
Technology moves so
  fast. (not
In more formal English the can be
  used with a singular countable noun to make generalizations, e.g.
The
  invention of the book was a milestone in the development of humanity. the
  concept of the book, not a particular book)
The
  mobile phone has revolutionized communications. the concept of the mobile
  phone, not a particular phone)

1  Against
the clock! In pairs, you have two minutes co decide which of the above
categories these words could belong to.
•
the
press        • the council             the garden • the roof
the ground
•
the
kitchen . the weather           the world     • the skythe
stereo
•
the
moon . the car                        the media     • the horizon • the
government
2 What do you think? Which three
inventions are the most beneficial to humanity, and why?
I think the telephone is an important
znventzon because . .
English
in use
Presenting
an argument

a speech
First,
  catl we divorce sentimentality
Use these discourse markers to move on to a new
  point.
    First(ly), .
  second(ly),       third(ly), . and finally,
    What's more,      In
  addition to this,
    Plus the fact
  that      and on top of that,

Listing
points in
1
Which
of these expressions can be used instead offirstly?
At
first, In the first place, At the beginning, To start with, For
a start, . First and foremost, First of all,
2
Which
ofthese expressions can be used instead offinally? Lastly,   At last,    In the
end,               Last but not least,
1 1 OUR CLEVEREST
INVENTION?

I
2

Listen to the intonation of of the expressions for presenting an
  argument.
again and repeat.

some
Listen

truth of an opposing view yes, everyone loves to curl vp
  With a good book
Use these expressions to show you are aware of the
  other side of the argument.
    True,       Granted,        Admittedly,

Pronunciation                                                               Admitting
the
3  If someone said, 'Granted, it's handy
for sending e-mails .     are they basically for or against computers?
4  How would you expect the sentence to
continue?

Introducing an opinion

SD /+ is scarcely svc-pri5ing -that
  we have a deep emotional a-a-achrnent -fo the book AC-ter all, it is the mos+
  potent at--f-eeao+ ever created by hvmanify.
    It's scarcely surprising that         No
  wonder ..     After all,

5  Which expressions are used to
                                                          •
state an unsurprising fact    justify an opinion
6   Which word could be used instead of
scarcely?
7   Complete the sentences using
expressions from the boxes in this section.
I The book has its advantages.       it'S cheap and lightweight. you
don't have to install expensive hardware.
you
don't need to log on every time you want to find a piece of information.
2   The book will not disappear.                  no
new technology has entirely supplanted an old one.
3   the Internet is a godsend if you don't
have access to a local library. But many people still prefer to get their
information from books
4   we like to go to bed With a good book.
You can't curl up with a computer, after all speak out
In pairs, prepare to give a presentation for or against one topic.
                                                                                experiments
on animals                         euthanasia                    military
service
• choosing the sex of your child     cloning     working from home the
legalization of soft drugs       body piercing banning hand guns
Organize your presentation.
Give a general introduction, and state
your position.
Concede the opposing arguments.
List your own arguments with examples and justification.
Summarize
your position with a convincing final sentence

Remember
Use a range of discourse markers to structure your presentation. Use
    adverbs to express attitude. Concentrate on your use of articles.

Follow-up
Look again at the texts, and underline all uses of the definite
    article, See if you can explain why it is used in every case.
2
    Find a
    newspaper article presenting an opinion. Underline and look up the meaning
    of the discourse markers used.
3
    Write a
    summary of the article.
4
    Do a class
    survey on attitudes to and use of the Internet.

1 1 OUR CLEVEREST INVENTION?
Speak for
yourself
I In pairs, decide on the four most likely places to meet a
partner.
 at a party • at a supermarket on the beach at an airport at work at a disco  on a tran • in the pub • at school /
university 2 In your country, where else do couples meet?
Listening
Following a
narrative
1
These words are
from a true story. In pairs, predict whac happened.

to stock up

a trolley

the checkout

the ice cream counter

a bunch of flowers

a cheque book

directory enquiries

embarrassed

2
Listen to the
whole story.
1     Note down three things you learn about
Jane

In this lesson
Following narratives.
Study and practise vocabulary connected with movement
  and feelings
Practise telling stories using appropriate verb forms
  and expressions.
Focus on being an active listener.

2
What happened at the ice cream
counter? at the checkout?
                                                                                •
later that day?                                • on their date?
3
Listen to another
story. Answer the questions.
Where does the story
start? 2 How was the woman feeling? Why) 3 Where did she first see the man?
4
Where did they next
meet?
5
What happened
after that?
6
What are the s
milanties with the story in 2?
Did you notice...?
/ thought, 'Well,                    •fitne
+0 go ov+ and              vp on some -things
-D / wen-i- å-owards -the door thinkina 'Jhot•s a shame, / m never
going -t-o see him agoitl
When telling a story, it is common to
report speech or thoughts directly. Write three examples of what the man in the
first story might have thought.

Vocabulary
Feelings and
moods
Kwas a bit
nervovs because yoy re no-r really meant -to go out on dates With peop le you
ve picked vp supermarkets
0
-t-jme She was
man-wise Ceelirlg recentlyqvj-t-e depressed because she'd had qui-re o bad
1
In pairs, decide
which words / expressions describe positive or negative feelings.

tense

bad-tempered

in good spirits

sorry for yourself

apprehensive

lethargic

restless

dejected

emotional

content

elated

drained

energetic

anxious

fed up

pleased with yourself

2
Complete the
sentences with I was/ Iwasfeelinga bit / really and one of the words /
expressions from 1. so went for a run round the park.
2
because I'd just
had my manuscript rejected again.
3
so had an early
night.
4
because it was a
beautiful day and I didn't have to work.
3
Against the clock!
In pairs, you have four minutes to write three similar half sentences. Test
another pair.
Verbs of movement
                                                      C)
/ was trundling around With          trolley
4 Whac does trundle mean? What other verbs could you use instead? 5 In two groups, A and B, check these
verbs in a dictionary.

6 In A / B pairs, test your partner. Mime or give a definition of the verbs in your box and ask your partner
for the verb.
12 HOW WE MET
Language
work
Narrative
verb forms
1
Against the clock!
You have four minutes to complete the extract with forms of the verbs In
brackets.
well, I
(go) shopping one day, I (live) in East Oxford for about five years, with my
two boys, and I (have) a boring sort of weekend doing some painting and I
(think), 'Well, it's time to go out and stock up on some things.' Tom (have)
his eighth birthday, so
(get)
some birthday stuff, so I (set off) to the supermarket. And then I (trundle)
around Sainsbury'S with my trolley, when suddenly, this rather
interesting-looking man (appear) at the ice cream counter.
2
Listen to the
extract again to check your answers.
3
Focus on form
Which verb forms are used „
•
to describe events
before the story happened?
•
to set the scene
for the main events of the story?

•    for the main events?
•
to describe a
future event?
4 Try to complete these flashbacks from the story.
I went towards the door thinking, 'Oh,
that's a shame, I'm never going to see him again', and then I suddenly realized
I was going to see him again because
and then about eight o'clock that night he telephoned. And it was amazing
because so I wasn't in the directory and what he'd done, wrote my cheque.
5
Listen and check.
6
Look again at the
flashbacks. Are they used .
     to give a reason for the main event?
     to give information the speaker has
not previously mentioned?
     for both reasons?
this and these

Pronunciation
1
    Practise
    making the /ò/ sound in this, these, there, the, and then
2
    Listen and
    repeat the sentences.

Use this or these to introduce a new person or element in
    the story.
C) Svddetl[y -this rather ifl-ter-estitlg-looki\lg man
    appeared
C) there he was With                       QIowers

7 Complete the sentences with a phrase using this or these.
1     Iwas lying by the pool sunbathing,
when all of a sudden
2     1 was driving on the motorway, when
3     1 was trekking in the rainforest, when
suddenly
4     Iwas just about to take a bite of my
sandwich, when
12 HOW WE MET
Fronting with
adverbial expressions

We often use
fronting devices for dramatic effect in a story. Notice the word order.
-D and -then ou /
went
-D arid there he
was behitld me

8   In pairs, make sentences using these
expressions. and there she stood and out he leapt and off I ran and there they were so in I marched
9   Turn to the Tapescript on p. 114.
Listen to Hanne's story agaan and highlight examples of.

 how she sets the scene.

fronting

 flashbacks or explanations.

how she reports her thoughts.

• uses
of this and these
Being a
good listener
1
Turn to the
Tapescript on pp.113/114. Highlight expressions Hanne
2
Listen to a story,
and in the pauses use an expression from 1 to show you are listening. speak out
1  Plan the story of how you or someone
you know met a partner,

Remember
Use appropriate narrative verb forms to tell stories.
Use this and these and
  fronting expressions for dramatic effect Use a range of verbs of movement and
  adjectives to describe feelings.
Show interest by commenting and helping the story along.

Follow-up
Ask other English speakers that you
  know how they met their partner or a friend.
2
  Look up the use
  of the past perfect in a grammar reference book. Note down two things you
  learn.
3
  Practise telling
  the story of a famous meeting in a film or novel, as you would if you were
  telling a friend. Set the scene carefully, and use flashbacks.
4
  Use a dictionary
  to research different ways of looking, e.g. gaze, glance, and write these in
  a new page in your vocabulary book.

2  In pairs, tell your stories. Make
suggestions about how to improve each other's storytelling,
3  In groups of three or four, retell
your stories.
12 HOW WE MET
Speak for yourself
I In pairs, choose two of these situations and improvise
conversations.

Offer to help a
fiatmate before a party.

Apologize to a
friend for losing a book he / she lent you.

Invite a friend to
do something with you this evening.

Ask a colleague to
cover for you while you have an afternoon off. 2 Listen to a different pair's
conversations.
Listening
What's going on?
Listen
to eight short conversations. Match one or more of the verbs from the box to
each conversation.
accuse offer turn down arrange accept refuse agree apologize admit invite
deny request suggest

In this lesson
Practise using English in different social situations.
Focus on how to prepare people for difficult news.
Study and
  practise verbs and adverbs for reporting conversations.

Against the clock! In pairs, you
have four minutes to report the concent of the conversations, using the
appropriate verbs.
3   Lis cen again to check your ideas.
4   Look ac the Tapescript on 12.114.
Underline any interesting new words and expressions.
English in use
Preparing the way for difficult news
1 In
pairs, choose three of these opening phrases and make dialogues.
I Could ask you a big favour?
2   You know I said I could lend you my
car this weekend ?
3   Have you got a moment?
4   1've got a bit of a problem
5   You know that book you lent me?
6   1 don't quite know how to put this,
but
7   There's something I've been meaning to
tell you. 8 1'm afraid I've got an apology to make .
2                Listen and compare your ideas with the dialogues on the
tape. 3 Do you use similar openers in your language?
Vocabulary
Verb patterns
1  Against the clock! In teams, you have five minutes to decide which
sentences are incorrect and correct them.
 She promised me to write every day, 2 He admitted to forging my
signature.
3    He suggested me to take up yoga.
4    She pleaded with me not to tell her
father.
5    She swore to tell the truth
6    He recommended that I should see an
optician
7    He confessed cheating in the exam.
8    She told me off for borrowing her bike
without asking.
9    He owned up for stealing the video.
10 They urged me to get a second opinion
Verb / adverb collocations

Did you notice... ?
1    In which two of the sentences in 2
  does the adverb comes after the verb?
2    Write two more sentences using the
  two verb / adverb collocations.

2 Complete the sentences With an adverb from the box. In some cases, more
than one is possible.
willingly categorically freely warmly faithfully kindly reluctantly
strongly flatly profusely
                                                                                My
colleagues                               congratulated me on my promotion.
2
James apologized       for
losing his temper.
3
My bank     denied
having received the cheque in the post.
4
admit that I lied
about my age to get the job.
5
The company             refused
to pay me a relocation allowance.
6
Jenny                offered
to cook me dinner last night.
7
All my friends             advised
me to seek legal advice.
8
I promised  to pay
my brother back within a week 9 The injured player         accepted my offer of help.
                                                     10
Steve agreed to work overtime but he really didn't want to,
3 In A/ B pairs. A close your book. B give a reporting verb from 2 and

ask for a collocating adverb. speak out
1 In groups of three, A and B choose a reporting verb from this unit.
Describe
a recent experience and use the verb

Remember
Use a variety of functional language from this unit.
Use
  expressions to prepare the way for difficult news.
Use a range of reporting verbs and verb / adverb
  collocations.
Concentrate on using appropriate intonation patterns.

C monitor the language for accuracy, Swap roles.
2 In new groups of three, A and B improvise the conversations in speak
foryourself again, and C monitor. Swap roles.
13 HOW CAN I PUT THIS?
WE'VE BEEN HAD

In this lesson
Read quickly to find specific information. Practise
asking for and providing clarification.
Focus
on expressions connected with telling lies.
• Look
at proverbs.
York
UNITED STATES
(4
MEXICO
500
500
Speak
for yourself
I Write down four things
you associate with New York.
2
In
pairs, compare your ideas.
3
What
impressions do you have of New Yorkers?
4
Have
you ever been there? If not, would you like to go? Why / why not?
LICE
Reading
Following a newspaper story
I Look at the photo, the map, and the
headline of the article. In pairs, think of things you would like to know.
I wonder how long
it took him.
I wonder ifhe could
speak any English.
2 Against the clock! You have three
minutes to read the article and try to find answers to your questions.
BOY IN 4,500-MILE TREK
TO FIND HIS FATHER
Edwin Daniel Sabillon, a slight
13-year-old boy who arrived in New York on Saturday with only a change Of
clothes, a paper bag containing $24, three biscuits, and his birth certificate,
wanted so badly to find the father he had only ever seen in snapshots that he
travelled 4,500 miles from Honduras to find him. Over 37 days he rode buses and
trucks, walked, cycled, and hitchhiked, often through dangerous territory. In
spite of hunger, the loss of his wallet containing his father's phone number,
and the fact that he speaks no English at all, he was carried along by luck,
and the charity of strangers.

The epic journey began after
Hurricane Mitch core through Honduras, destroying his home and killing his
mother, his brother, and his grandfather. The boy wrote to the father he knew
was living in New York, and several months later, a letter came back with $200
and an arrangement for a roadside rendezvous. It seemed a little haphazard, but
Edwin was deterrmned to make the meeting. His
father Sald he would be waitlng at the entrance to La Guardia Airport on three
successive days, 25, 26, and 27 June, wearing a white shirt and black hat.

And so, on 22 May, Edwin waved
goodbye to his friends in the village of San Francisco de Yojoa Cortez, and
headed north on a trek that took him through
Guatemala and up the east coast of Mexico to the edge of the United States. He
then contlnued via Houston, New Orleans, and inexplicably — Edwin's geography
appears to have failed him at this potnt — down to Miami, Florida, where he
managed to beg money' for the bus journey to New York.
Sunday
morning found the young boy at a bus terminal in Upper Manhattan. For a while,
he strolled unfamiliar Streets, and then made his way to the alt•porc just as
any New Yorker would — by hailing a taxi. But when he got there, there was no
sign of Edwin's father. so the taxi driver, 35-year-oldJosé Basora, took
pity on Edwin and drove htm to his home in the Bronx, before alerting the
police to the boy's plight
'We'll do the best that
we can to try and help him,' promised Mayor Rudolph Giuliani, indicating that
the authorities will turn a blind eye to the
illegalities of the boys entry into the United States. And now Edwin, who is in
City foster care, can only wait and hope that his father shows up.
rhe independent

Did you notice...?

mode
be
ovr values yov the
use
opinion?

C) / hones-fly believed he
-fha•f• journey
-D
  / Ceel disappointed, to honest                     yov
-D /                                     we've go-f al' vp5ide down, to
  -tell

-D / genuinely believed him
Which expressions would you
1    to
  insist that you are being sincere?
2    to
  give a slightly negative

3
What
is your reactlon to the story? Does anything surprise you?
4
In
pairs, decide what the expressions in bold mean.
Listening
A
radio broadcast
1
Listen
to Part 1 ofa news programme broadcast the day after the story of Edwin broke
in the newspapers. I What do the words 'We've been had' mean?
2
What
do you think of Officer Granger's reaction?
2
Listen
to Part 2. Note down whether the five people interviewed approve or disapprove
of what Edwin did. Who do you agree with?
3
Listen
to Parts I and 2 of the broadcast again. Decide what these idiomatic
expressions mean.
Edwin was telling a tall tale.
2
You
can't take anyone at their word nowadays.
3   Now
he's going to get away with it.
4
They've
got egg on their faces.
5
There's
a silver lining for us there. 6 He took us all for a ride.
4   What
do you think? In pairs, answer the
1
Were
you taken in by Edwin's story when you read the article?
2
Have
your impressions of New York and New Yorkers changed?
1
4 WE'VE BEEN HAD
Vocabulary
Expressions connected with telling lies
1 In pairs, look at the expressions. What's the difference between them?
I He made out he was English.         5 1 was taken in. 2 He was
economical with the truth. 6 He was having me on.
3     He was kidding.              7 He told
a white lie.
4     It was a hoax. 8 He was pulling my
leg.
Proverbs

       So / guess there's a silver
  lit-ling      vs -there.
This refers to the proverb Every
  cloud has a silver lining.
It is common to use part of a proverb rather than quoting
  it in full

2 What do the half-proverbs in bold mean?
1     1 don't usually eat so late but we are
on holiday and when in Rome
2     She said her exams went well but she
shouldn't count her chickens just yet
3     Wish he wouldn't spend all his time in
the office. You know what they say about all work and no play
4     The whole team is incompetent. It's a
clear case of too many cooks
5     don't know what she sees in Jack Oh
well it takes all sorts, I suppose. 3 Complete these proverbs With the words in
the box.
                                                                         eating          never          mind          fonder          speed          cure
1     Out of s ght, out of
2     More haste, ess
3     Better late than
4     prevention is better than
5     The proof of the pudding is in the
6     Absence makes the heart grow
4 In
pall'S, think of situations in which you might use some of the proverbs in 2
and 3.
English in use
Asking for and providing clarification
                                                                   1
      Listen to someone talking about a man who lied every day.
I What
did he lie about?
2   Why d'd he lie?
3   What happened in the encP
14 WE'VE BEEN HAD

2

Listen
  to seven examples of for and providing clarification. Write down the word /
  words in each.
again, check, and
  repeat.

asking
stressed
Listen

Pronunciation                               2
Listen again and tick (V) the expressions used to ask for clarification,
                                                             Asking
for clarification           Providing clarification
So hang on,Yes,
exactly. / Yes, that's right
What,
you mean,Not exactly
What,
soNO, not at a l .
So,
are you saying
3 In A / B pairs, ask for and provide clarification.
 Explain how and why you decided to
enrol for this language course.
 Tell the story of Edwin Sabillon or
another story you've heard on the news. speak out
1
In
pairs, look at these situations. Would you tell the truth?
 Your friend has his hair cut in a
style that you don't think suits him. He asks you for your opinion. What do you
say?
2
You
are asked to provide a job reference for a friend who is not very punctual and
a bit lazy, What do you write?

Remember
Use
  different expressions to talk about telling lies.
 Ask
  for and provide clarification.
Concentrate on correct
  sentence stress.

2
a Make notes on one of the following situations and prepare to tell a short
story. Include one false detail.
 an eventful journey you have made  a
time when you were taken in  a time when you had to tell a lie                   •
a time when someone lied to you
b
In groups of three, tell your story. As you listen to the other stories, ask
for clarification and at the end, guess which detail was false.

Follow-up'
1
Write
about a time when you were taken in, or when you took someone in.
2
Practise
asking for clarification next time you have a conversation in English. 3
Translate some proverbs from your country into English and put them on a poster
to display in the classroom.
4 Go through a newspaper
article and underline any useful idiomatic or multi-word expressions you find.
Add them to your vocabulary notebook.

14
WE'VE BEEN HAD
Speak for yourself
1  Tell other people about a car you own
or would like to have,
2  Which of these statements best sums up
your attitude to cars? In pairs, explain why.
     My car is an essential part of my life
     My car comes in handy but could manage
without it. I really wish I had a car.
     I may have a car one day, butl don't
need one at the moment.
     I never intend to own a car.

In this lesson
Practise note-taking from speeches. Focus on making your point
  strongly. Study and practise verb / noun collocations.
Talk about proposals for solving
  traffic problems.

Listening
Note-taking from a speech
I You are going to hear two people making speeches for and against the
car. What arguments do you chink each speaker will put forward?
In two
groups, A and B, A listen to the argument for and B to the argument against,
Make notes for each of these topics.
pollution                • congestion • health care public transport             road-building
3  In A / B pairs, exchange information.
4  What do you think? In pairs, answer
the questions.
1 Are
there any points you disagree wth?

Pronunciation
[a Listen to this statement and mark whether the
  speaker's voice rises or falls on the underlined words.
Cars are noisy,
  they are smelly, and they are dangerous.
2 Predict the rises and falls in these statements.
1
  They clog up the
  streets, they emit fumes, and they cause accidents.
2
  People like them,
  they've got used to having them, and they're not going to give them up.
3
  They bring in
  revenue from car tax, road tax, and tax on fuel.
3
  Listen and
  check.
4
  Listen again and
  repeat the sentences.

                                 2 Do you agree or
disagree that the car does more harm than good?

Did you notice... ?                              Vocabulary
congestion, well -i-hi½ Verb / noun collocations easily be solved
To
introduce a new point in a                1 Which verbs were used with the
nouns In bold in the two speeches? speech, use expressions like As for           The
car a major threat to our planet
With regard to .Turning now      Public transport
cannot to
Instead of war on cars, we need to
accommodate them Turn to the Tapescript on pp. 115/1 16 and underline expressions used to
2 Turn to the Tapescnpt on pp.115/116 and check. introduce a new point.
3   Against the clock! You have three
minutes to match the verbs on the left with a group of nouns on the right.

reach

a threat / a challenge / a problem

 resolve

a problem I an issue / a task

raise

research / an order / a task

carry out

awareness / a question / an objection

put forward an argument I a problem / a
dilemma Implement       an agreement/ a solution I a compromise posea plan / a scheme / a programme
tackle            a need / a demand / a deadline fulfilan ambition I one's potential / a
dream meeta proposal / a suggestion / an argument

4  Look at the box again for one minute.
Test your partner. Read out a verb and ask for some of the collocating nouns. Swap roles.

after suggest, propose, and recommend.
to express the concept of necessity or importance.
We are proposing that traffic should
  be restricted in the rush hour, She suggested that we should try to reach a
  compromise.
It's absolutely vital that we should meet this challenge.
It is
  essential that we should tackle the problem of pollution.
Use should, shouldn't, or need

to to give your opinion
We need to come up with radical solutions.
The government should be trying to address the problem. We
  shouldn't close our eyes to the problem.

Language work
Putting forward proposals
Use a clause
with should
In patrs, discuss these questions in relation to three of the issues
below.
I What proposals have been made in your country? 2 What do you think
should be done?
road accidents global warming • air pollution motorways • road rage • taxation
15 BEHIND THE WHEEL

Pronunciation
1
  Listen to the
  stress and intonation of expressions for making your point.
2
  Listen again and
  repeat the expresslons

-D The Sitlpte                      the mat-ter is, the cor
  6 here +0 stay
The fact
  is,                                         What we've got to remember is
There is no doubt that .                       Quite
  frankly,
It seems to
  me that                            Quite honestly,
SentenCes with what

SD What we should be dang is

English in use
Making
your point
Phrases to state a fact or opinion
What we
need to do
2   What we want
3   What we mustn't do 4 What has grown
5   What worries me .
6   What we should be doing
7   What will happen
8   What is being proposed is that congestion will be reduced
15 that people might be discouraged from using public transport. IS cutting the cost of public
transport.
is encourage more people to use buses. . is c eaner air.
is that parking charges should be Increased is increase air pollution.
is the number of cars on the roads.
The use of simply for emphasis
2 Where could you put simply in these sentences?
It's
not true that cars clog up city centres.
2   We won't so ve the problem by
declaring war on the bus.
3   We can't put people's lives at risk
because there isn't enough money.
4   Travelling by bus is not attractive
5   If fares are too high, people won't
use public transport 6 The problem is that there aren't enough roads.
3 In pairs, look at the photos and give your opinion using the language
on this page,

Remember
Use a range of expressions to put forward proposals.
Use sentences
  starting with what and other phrases to make your point strongly.
Use a range of verb / noun collocations.
Concentrate on correct sentence stress and intonation when
  making lists of points.

speak out
1 a You are going to take part in a debate on how to solve the traffic
problems of a large city. In three groups, A, B, and C, read your proposals
below. Prepare to argue for your proposal with the rest of your group. Make
notes on the advantages of the proposal
• how the scheme will be financed and how it will work in practice. how
to defend possible criticisms of the proposal
b In A // B / C groups, present and discuss your proposals and try to
reach agreement.
2 In groups, discuss traffic problems and solutions In your city.

Build a ring road • Provide more underground car
• Widen roads in more flyovers Increase parking Subsidize and
  zero-emission

Ban private cars from the city
centrearound the city.ncrease public transport provision.
(completely
or at certain times).    car-parking spaces andSubsidize buses to make them
cheap Introduce tolls on major roads intoparks.or free at certain times.
the
city centre.the city, and buildBuild more bus lanes and cycle lanes. Introduce
a park-and-ride scheme       and underground roads.ntroduce trams and shared
car
(motorists
park on the outskirts of thecharges in the city.schemes.
city
and take buses in). encourage the use ofImplement an education programme
Introduce traffic-calming measures cars.on transport and pollution.
(speed bumps and speed restrictions). Pay a yearly bonus to non-car
owners.

NO STOPPING 'Monday to Saturday
7•30am - 9•30am

A•OOpm : 6•30pmc

=easy: aceess b

67
o

Follow-up
1
Write a report of
the debate.
2
Study the
Tapescript on pp. 1 15/1 16 and make a note of new words or expressions,
especially those used to make a point strongly.
3
Prepare to give a
short oral presentation on how to solve a problem connected with your country,
city, school, or university. 4 Look in a dictionary to find examples of how the
verb / noun collocations on p.51 are used. Write sentences of your own in your vocabulary
book.

15 BEHIND THE WHEEL
 In                              Speak
for yourself
Against the clock! In pairs, you have cwo minutes to decide how you would
tell someone about these plans in your diary.

Listening
Noting the
exact words
1 Listen to eight people discussing
their weekend plans. Which sound the most interesting to you?
2 Listen to conversations 1 and 2 again.
Complete the extracts.

I think on Friday night I to
Nottingham to visit some friends up there, and stay the night, have a meal and
the next day.
                 Pronunciation                                                               so
 on Saturday?

2
3
4

Listen to these extracts.
the
  pronunciation of going going to.
which extracts did you hear the
  pronunciation /'gnna/?
do you feel about using this
  pronunciation yourself?
word was stressed most in sentence 7? Why?

Notice and
  In
How
Which
  strongly

                                                                                Yes,
yeah, yeah, •cos I                                                              on
Saturday night.
2
Well,
pretty much the same plans as every weekend. I one day.
3
Listen to conversations 3 and 4 again. Note down useful expressions.
54

Did you notice... ?

gym
used to plans or are think,
very
  late.
night later. rest of

I'll probably go to the
Shall, 'Il,
  and won't can be express your spontaneous predictions for the future and
  usually qualified with I don't  probably, etc.
don't think I'll stay for coffee.
probably won't stay up I think I
  shall just crash out. I'll definitely have an early
Perhaps I'll pop round a bit Use the expressions to make spontaneous
  plans for the the day.

Asking questions about plans Distancing yourself from
  a plan Talking about a changed plan

was going to
had been hoping to
2
I'm going to be   Ing
  I'll be        Ing
3
I'm thinking of      Ing might

Expressing
  a fixed plan / arrangement Expressing a plan that is not fixed
4
What are you doing .
Have you got any plans for .
     Have you got anything lined up for
5
    I'm         ing .

English
in use
Talking about plans
I Look at the different ways of talking about your plans. Match a heading
to categories 1 co 5.
2 In pairs, ask and answer about your plans for the weekend,
Vocabulary
Activity, inactivity, and changes of plan
1  Against the clock! In pairs, you have
four minutes to complete these colloquial expressions with appropriate words.
                                                                                I
think on Sunday I shall just crash                     and have an early night.
2  I'm going to have a lie-                        on
Sunday.
3  I'm        to my eyes in work today
but I'm               a loose end tomorrow.
4  I'm tied     all this week, with
meetings and that kind of thing.
5  I'm just going to watch TV when I get
in tonight. really need to wind
6  I'd love to go with you but I'm a bit
pushed         time this weekend.
7  On Friday night I intend to put my
feet    and take it easy,
8  was hoping to go away this weekend but
I'm snowed with work. 2 Which expressions in 1 describe activity and which
inactivity?
3 In pairs, check the meaning of these multi-word verbs in a dictionary
and find an example sentence. Make true sentences of your own,

Remember
Use a range of expressions to talk about your plans.
 Use colloquial expressions and
  multi-word verbs.
Concentrate on the pronunciation
Of going to

call off talk someone out of go through with fall through bring forward
get out of pull out stick with speak out
1 Move round
the class asking about other people's plans. Use some of these time
expressions. Decide on three things to do with a friend.
at lunch time           • in the break                      this
evening tomorrow evening           • in the summer                 the weekend
after next 2 In pairs, describe the Chree things you are going to do.
                                                                                16
WHAT ARE YOUR PLANS?         55
        In                                Speak
for yourself
1
In
which of these places . .
do you live now?
WOUId you like to be living now? WOUId you like to bring up a family?
would you like to live when you
retire?
in the heart of a big city              in the suburbs in a small town   in
a village

on the
outskirts of a city in the countryside

AWAY

FROM

IT ALL

this lesson
Read to understand the key points of
  a text.
Focus on compound nouns and two-part
  expressions.
Practise talking about change.
  Practise describing places.

2
If
you had to move away from the place where you live now, what would you miss?
What would you be glad to leave behind?
Reading
Finding key points
1
Do
these words / expressions refer co the town or the country?
peace and
quiet hustle and bustle the green belt exhaust fumes thatched cottages a sense
of community the frantic pace of life squalor wildlife isolation hedgerows
green space
2
In
two groups, A read Text A on p.S7 and B turn to p. 105. Check your ideas.
3
Against
the clock! You have three minutes to answer these questions with a partner who
has read the same text.
I Where does the writer live now?
2 Does she prefer the town or the
countryside?
56

Text A
WE
moved to a crumbling mansion block in central London when my youngest child was
five. Our Cambridge friends were aghast. How could we possibly give up green
space on our doorstep, the neighbourhood school, the safe environment, for
crowds, congestion, and urban squalor? But with two of us working in the
metropolis, we felt we had no choice.
It
didn't take long for us to convert. Indeed, in ten years I've become a
hard-line metropolitan. I've become allergic to the countryside I grew up
in. The sight of an idyllic thatched cottage or a picturesque village green now
fills me with dread. They
town
superstore for groceries, the endless hanging about, the lawn always needing to
be mowed, and the neighbours complaining when bored youngsters kicked their
ball too close to their greenhouse.
To live
in the centre of a city is to be permanently intoxicated with the speed
of it all—it's like being in a perpetual state of fast-forward. I swear that
nowadays it's the frantic pace of city life that makes me think straight and
stick to the point in a conversation. Some of my best ideas are produced in an
advanced state Of stress, under the pressure Of having struggled to meet a
deadline, or arrive on time at a lecture hall or
one Of the surprises of city life is the lack of isolation. I've discovered that
the neighbours on my staircase are as committed to the local community as the
inhabitants of any sleepy village in the country.
Besides,
the more of us who can be persuaded back into high density living in the city's hurly-burly, the
more green space that will be freed up, out there in the country's green belt.
So that the generations of country lovers will be able to continue their love
affair with all that grass. Personally, I much prefer the view from my roof terrace, from where I can drink in the
impossible noise, and watch the endless comings and goings, the

grim drive to impossible inner-London
life in the new the out-of-                   traffic. And millennium.
4
Note
down positive and negative features of the town and the countryside from the
texts. Compare ideas with your partner.
5
Highlight
three new words / phrases in your text that you would like to
understand. With your partner, try to guess the meanings from context. Check
your ideas in a dictionary
6
In
A/' B pairs, exchange information about your texts.
7
What
do you think? In small groups, discuss the questions with reference to both
texts.
1     In what ways are the dpscriptions of
the town and the countryside in Britain similar to what you WOUld find in your
country? How are they different?
2     Have the texts made you think about
the town or country in a new way?
17 AWAY FROM IT ALL
1  Which adjectives could describe the
landscapes in the photos?
hilly lush
wild bleak fertile tame barren rocky arid
2  Describe different landscapes in your
country using the adjectives.
Compound nouns for towns
1  Match words in column A with words in
column B to make
towncrossing housing  dump

parking
arcade bus hall corner estate amusement meter rubbish shop pedestrian stop

2  Which of these can you find near your home?
3  Which three are most important to a town?

1 Which part of the compound nouns in 1 carries the main stress?

2

Listen and check.

Pronunciation 4 Against the clock! You
have three minutes to look again at your texts on 17.57 and p. IOS and find
more compound nouns.
Language work
Two-part
expressions
C) / can watch the erldless comings
and gangs, the hustle aid bustle, and the thrill inner—London tiCe
I
Complete the sentences. Check in a dictionary if necessary.
 Eventually by trial and  he found the correct combination.
2 This booklet supplies all the facts andabout global warming. 3 There
are certain important rules and  that must be followed.
4 Having a massage is an
excellent way of relieving aches and

1 What is the pronunciation of and in the two-part
  expressions? 2 Listen and check.
3 Complete and practise saying these two-part expressions. Pay attention
  to the pronunciation of and.
ladies and
  salt and black and oil and bed and fish and .

          Pronunciation                                      5
This book contains over a hundred tried and
6     The insurance policy does not cover
wear and
7     Successful negotiation involves a
certain amount of give and
8     Terry's vintage Ford Cabriolet was his
pride and
9     I'm sick and  of receiving so much junk mail.
10  They were relieved when the children
turned up safe and
2   In pairs, explain what che expressions
mean in your own words.
3   Test your partner. Give the first word
of some of the two-part expressions and ask for the second. Swap roles.
58                    17 AWAY FROM IT
ALL
Did you notice... ?                                 English
in use
The
passive is often used in more
formal, written texts.                                                           Talking
about change
Foresfs }uve been chopped

The countryside isn't natural any more.
The city streets are no longer safe.
Birds used to sing in the hedgerows.
The beaches never used to be
  polluted.
There didn't use to be a ring road
  around the town.
Whole forests have been chopped down.
The dance hall has been turned into
  a cinema.
They've built a housing estate on the outskirts of town.
They've knocked down the old theatre and built a
  multi-storey car park

—D Forms have beetl tvn-led in-to agrochemical prodvctiOM Sites.
In spoken English, it is more common to use They and an active verb
1 Which of the statements above are true of where you live?
2 In pairs, A and B, A turn to p.10S and B to 17.108. Describe your
pictures and discuss how the places have changed, using the expressions in 1,
speak out
1 a Think of a place you know well and
how It has changed. Make notes.
b
In groups of
three, describe your place.
c    What do you think? Answer the
questions.
1 Is the countryside changing for the better or the worse?
2 What
could be done to preserve the countryside in your country?
2 a Think ofthe place where you would most like to spend a day. Make
notes In answer to the questions.

Why have you
chosen to go there?

Follow-up
Intervlew someone about whether they would prefer to live in the town or
  the country, and why.
2
  Prepare to give
  a short oral report on the countryside in your country, or another country
  you know. Talk about  the types of landscape, and geographical features.  who lives in the countryside and
  what they do.
how the
  countryside is used for leisure pursuits.
3
  Start a page in
  your vocabulary notebook for compound nouns and add eight new ones.
4
  Write a
  paragraph about the town or village where you live, and the advantages and
  disadvantages of living there.

Remember
Use a range of
  compound nouns and adjectives to describe the countryside and towns.
 Use different expressions to describe change.
Concentrate on correct word stress patterns.

What season and time of day is it?

What can you see,
hear, and smell?

How will you spend
the day?  How do you feel?
b   In groups of three, take it in turns
to talk about your places and what you would do there.
c   Decide which of the three places you
would rather go to, and why.
                                                                                1
7 AWAY FROM IT ALL                    59
Speak for yourself
1  Read the following extracts about Martians (men), and Venusians

In this lesson
Listen to
  follow an argument. Study and practise describing differences and
  similarities,
Focus on
  expressions for agreeing and disagreeing.
Talk about men and women, and personal characteristics.

(women). Make notes on  what Martians or Venusians va ue  how they like to view themselves.  how they cope with problems.

MARTIANS value power, competency,
  efficiency, and achievement. They fantasize about powerful cars, faster
  computers, gadgets and new, more powerful technology. They are concerned with
  outdoor activities, like hunting, fishing, and racing cars, and are more
  interested in objects and things than in people and feelings. Martians pride
  themselves on doing things all by themselves, since asking for help when you
  can do things yourself is perceived as a sign of weakness. Hence they will
  keep their problems to themselves unless they require help from another
  person to find a solution. When they get upset, they prefer not to burden
  their friends with what is bothering them, and instead retreat to their caves
  to mull over their problems. If they can't find a solution, they do something
  to relax and disengage their mind; or they engage in something more
  challenging like racing a car, competing in a contest, or climbing a
  mountain.

VENUSIANS value love, beauty, and relationships. They find
  fulfilment through supporting and nurturing each other, and their sense of
  self is o defined through sharing and the quality of their relationships.
  Rather than building highways and tall buildings, they are more concerned
  with living together in harmony, community, and loving co-operation.
  Communication is of primary importance, and sharing their feelings is much
  more important than achieving goals and success. They pride themselves on
  being intuitive, and considerate of the feelings of others. When Venusians
  feel upset, or overwhelmed by feelings of stress, confusion, or hopelessness,
  they find relief by sharing their problems with friends and talking them over
  in detail.
Men ore from Mars, Women are from
  Venus

2  What do you think? Do you agree with the points made in the
extracts?
60

Did you notice... ?

Prom my
always example a
Piano.
could Cite example,
do you

These expressions from the
  conversation are used to g've examples.
C.) / -Fake an example own earn 'y,
  / have
For example, / wovld send
-D I-e-f• me take •the
Oê tnne, who   yov look at Princess example, she
some cases, yov
Mrs
  Tno-rc.her as an
Which of
  these expressions normally use?

Listening
Following
a discussion
I Listen to four extracts from a
conversation between Jane and Nick about gender differences. Choose the best
heading for each extract.
Men and
women in the workplace Nature versus nurture
Bringing
up boys and girls Differences between men and women
2 Choose an extract,
listen again, and answer the questions.
Extract
A
1 Who
thinks character is
•    genetically determined?
•    determ i ned by upbringing?
Extract
B
2 Note down the examples the speakers use to illustrate  the ways boys and girls are treated
differently.
• how boys and girls differ by nature.
Extract C
3   Why does Nick send his wife to the
garage, but fix shelves h'mse f?
4   What does the example of Princess
Diana i lustrate about men and women?
Extract
D
5   What are the two points of
disagreement between Nick and Jane?
3 What do you think? Which opinions
from the conversation do you

18 FROM ANOTHER PLANET?
Language
work
Similarities and differences
I Focus on
form In pairs, answer che questions.
1 Wh ch
words from the box could you use to complete the sentences?

Men are                   more
aggressive than women.

Women are     as
aggressive as men.
much             just          not          far            nothing likeconsiderably          slightly     infinitely
a bita lot    nowhere near       marginally
2 Decide on one word to complete the
sentences.
     Men's priorit i es are
totally different  I similar  / exactly the same/ identicalwomen's.
 comparison with women, men are very single-minded.
.
Compared  men, women tend to be family-orientated.
     Women talk about their feelings,  men talk about football.
     There's no d i fference                   men's
and women's personalities.
3   Use the expressions in 1 to compare
yourself with your family.
4   Decide on differences in character
between men and women, using adjectives from 19.61,
Modifying
expressions
In general,In my experience, .In some parts of the world,
As a rule,To a certain extent,In the eyes of the law, On average,In theory, .In the past,
In many
jobs,In some households,Traditionally, .
because of their upbringing. by nature.
but it really depends on the
individual.
5   How far do you agree with these
statements? Change them where necessary, using modifying expressions from the
box.
Women do far more housework than men.
2 Men are the main breadwinners.
                  Pronunciation                                                                 3
Women have exactly the same rights as men.

1
2
3

2 Listen to ten statements and write down the stressed words in each.
What is the pronunciation of than, as, and are?
Practise repeating the sentences.

 Men aren't as intuitive as women.
6   Women are infin•tely better at looking
after children.
7   Men are more career-orientated than
women.
8   Women ive slightly longer than men.
9   Men have better spatial awareness.
10Women are more articulate in talking
about their feelings.
11Women are nothing like as interested
in computers as men. I l Girls like play'ng with dolls, whereas boys like
playing with guns.
12 Women wear the trousers.
5 Talk
about other differences between men and women, including the things they
like'doing, are good at, and talk about.
18 FROM ANOTHER PLANET?
English
in use
Agreeing,
disagreeing, and half agreeing
1  Against the clock! You have three
minutes to list the expressions in the box under one of the three headings.
Agreeing Disagreeing Half agreeing

Pronunciation
1
  Predict the
  intonation patterns of expressions 1 to 10 in Against the clock!
2
   check.
3
  Listen again and
  repeat.

                                                             1 You're absolutely right.                  8 That's rubbish!
2  1 don't think that's true,       9 1
see what you mean, but .
3  1 disagree, I'm afraid.           10
That's true in a way, but .
4  1 take your point, butI l That's right.
5  Absolutely.          12 Well, it
depends.
6 Come on!                             13 To a certain extent, but . 7 Do you really think so?               14
1 would agree with that.

2 Which two expressions would you probably only use with people you know
well?

speak out
I Rate your opinion for each statement.

                                                              agree
I                    2                 3                 4                  5
disagree

Remember
Use different ways of expressing and
  modifying comparisons.
•
  Use different
  expressions to agree, disagree, and half agree.
•
  Use a range of
  adjectives to describe character.
Concentrate on correct sentence stress and intonation.

There
is a 'glass ceiling' that stops women rising to top level jobs.
If a working couple have children, the woman should stay at home to look
after them
Sexual harassment in the workplace is a big problem for women in my
country.
Parents shou d bring up boys and girls in exactly the same way. Women
make better bosses than men.
71
Young women nowadays have more choices than men.
2 In groups, choose three of the statements and compare opinions.

Follow-up
1
With another
person, discuss similarities and differences between you and members of your
family or friends.
2
Start a page in
your vocabulary book for personal characteristics and add eight new words from
this lesson.
3
Listen to or watch
a discussion programme in English and notice the language used.

18 FROM ANOTHER PLANET?

ABSOLUTELY

Think about your most recent holiday.
In pairs,
          Did                                                                                these
sentences.
The people having their lunch
The woman sitting at the table next to me The woman serving the drinks .
The friend sitting in front of me The friend driving
A man walking down the slope .
Vocabulary
Collocations
                                                               it
was ereez.it19 00 Id, pitch b lack, 001)     see a thing
Against the clock! You have three
minutes to match the words below co make extreme descriptions.
open
dry cold asleep wet
2
Which
of the expressions could you use to describe
the weather a meal a car a door or
window the ground clothes  eyes
3
In
pairs, use the collocations to talk about recent experiences.
English
in use
Describing extreme feelings and
experiences
                                                                  /f
was unbelievable. / ve never beetl so embarrassed        my lice
1
Decide
which phrases in A could go before the expressions in B.
                                                             I
was absolutely              It was absolutelyIt
was .
                                                             stunned.                     hilarious.                     an
absolute nightmare.

petrified.

so embarrassing.

livid.                          bizarre.

sheer
  bliss.

devastated.                 wonderful.

 a
  total disaster.

speechless.                 brilliant.

really
  weird.

I
  felt like bursting into tears.

I
  nearly hit the roof.

It
  frightened the life out of me.

I
  went bright red.

I
  could have died with embarrassment.

I'll
  never live it down.

Pronunciation

I
  couldn't believe my eyes / ears.

I
  was in stitches.

2

Listen to a recording of of the
  expressions in 1 down the word or words the main stress.
pairs,
  practise repeating them.

some
  Write with
In

awful.
                                                            I
was scared stiff.                                 I nearly burst out laughing.
                                                            I
was over the moon.                            I couldn't keep a straight face.
2
In
pairs listen to six extracts from anecdotes, and predict whic expressions
from 1 the speaker will use next.

Remember
Think about how to introduce and end
  the anecdote.
Use a range of expressions to
  describe extreme feelings and experiences.
Use some collocations
  to describe details.

3
Listen
and compare your Ideas. speak out
1
In
pairs, A look at p. 105, and B at            Prepare your anecdotes.
2
In
A/' B pairs, tell your anecdotes.
3
Note
down the main points of a real holiday anecdote.
4
In
groups of four, tell each other your anecdotes.
19
ABSOLUTELY UNBELIEVABLE!
Speak for yourself

In this lesson
•
  Focus on
  expressing yourself more politely in English.
•
  Read and listen
  to understand specific words and phrases.  Study and practise tentative
  language and ways of explaining problems.
•
  Practise making
  and dealing with complaints.

I Read the questionnaire. Tick
(V) the option which best describes you.

At a restaurant, your meal is not
  very hot. Do you demand to see the manager.
ask the
  waiter to heat it up for you.
grumble to
  your companions, but avoid making a scene, eat it, but write to the manager
  later.

    You bought a cassette recorder
  Which turns out to be faulty. Do you .
accept a
  credit note or exchange.
ask firmly
  for your money back.
go to the
  shop and demand to see the manager.
shrug your shoulders and forget about it.

The flight you reserved a seat on
  turns out to be overbooked. Do you    wait patiently to be put on another
  flight.
shout at
  the check-in assistant.
insist that
  you are given a seat on the plane.
comp ain vociferously to your fellow passengers.

You called the plumber but he never
  turned up. Do you ...?
not make
  a fuss but say you'll take your custom elsewhere in future.
threaten
  to tell the whole neighbourhood how unreliable he is.
phone and
  ask him to come immediately.
forget about it.

2 In pairs, compare your ideas. When
did you last make a complaint? What happened?
Reading
Finding specific information
I Read
the extracts about how to complain. What advice is given for each situation?
2   Would the same advice apply in your
country?
3   Against the clock! In pairs, you have
eight minutes to decide on the meaning of the words and expressions in bold.

AT A RESTAURANT

When you eat
out, whether in a café, restaurant, or pub, you enter into a contract
with those providing the service. Under the contract, the standard of service
and food provided must be reasonable. What is reasonable will depend on many
factors, such as the type of establishment and the price paid. Should the food
or service fail to live up to your expectations, it is best to act immediately, when
there is the maximum opportunity of rectifying the situation. Your complaint
should first be addressed to the waiter serving you. Only when the waiter is
unable or unwilling to put things right should you complain to the manager. If
you have failed through reasonable discussion to put things right
satisfactorily, you could consider making a deduction from your bill.
FAULTY GOODS

Before you
return a faulty item, be clear exactly what it is that you want. Do you want a
repair, replacement, or full refund, or will you accept a credit note? It is
always a good idea to ask to see the manager or person in authority, to show
that you mean business right from the start. It is important to adopt the right
tone. The last thing you want to do is antagonize the person you are dealing
with. Make your complaint politely but firmly, and avoid getting into a row. Wherever
possible, take your receipt or other proof of purchase. Find out what your
legal rights are; this will give you confidence, and put you in a stronger
bargaining position.
OVERBOOKING OF FLIGHTS

Some
airlines deliberately overfill their flights on the assumption that several
would-be passengers will cancel, leaving a neat fully-booked flight. Should you
be unable to get a seat on the flight you booked, the airline is in breach of
contract, and may have to pay you compensation for whatever loss you have
suffered, provided it is one that could not reasonably have been foreseen.
BROKEN APPOINTMENTS

If a repair
man has undertaken to call at a certain time, and either doesn't turn up, or
arrives very late, he has broken part of his contract, and you are entitled to
compensation. Deduct a reasonable sum from the bill for wasted time and
inconvenience, and send a letter explaining why you have paid less than asked.
You can claim for extra telephone calls, and additional expenses such as using a
launderette for your washing, if it is your washing machine that needs repairing.
If you have had to take time off work, you can claim for loss of earnings too.

Did you notice... ?

service
best -t-a
to get o booked,
-to pay
  yov
the first in another
alter

Should the •to live expectations, it
  is immediate
Should yoy be vnable seat on the
  Gligh-t yov the airline May have compensati0M
1
  How could you
  express part of these sentences way?
2
  How does the use
  of should the style of the sentences?

Listening
Focus on politeness
1
In pairs, Improvise these conversations.
 A customer phones a mail order company to complain that a book has not arrived
 A software retailer phones a wholesale outlet to complain that he hasn't
received the number of CD-ROMs he ordered
2
Listen and compare
your conversations with those on the tape.
3
Turn to the
Tapescript on p, 117 and listen again. Highlight any words / expressions chat
make the conversations more polite.
4
Did you use any of
the polite expresslons In your conversations?
20 A BIT OF A PROBLEM

I
2
3

Listen to some negative sentences. Note down the words in each.
how the words are linked. is the final /t,i pronounced a consonant?
again and repeat.

stressed
  Notice How before Listen

                  Pronunciation                                                                        Vocabulary
Explaining
problems
1  Against the clock! You have three
minutes to read the complaints and decide if they could refer to .
•    a car          • central heating      •
a computer
•    a to' et       • a TV set  • a camera

It is common in English to use tentative language if
  there is a disagreement or misunderstanding, to prevent the other person
  'losing face'.
Perhaps I Maybe there's been a mistake.
Are you sure you ordered a hundred?
I feel
  certain / I'm pretty sure we ordered two boxes. I understood / I thought I
  would be seen to today.

The screen keeps going blank. 6 1've
been having problems 2 I'm hav i ng prob erns downloading things.
with the thermostat.
3
I can't get it to go into
second gear. 7 The shutter keeps jamming.
4
It won't flush properly,  8
1 can't get it to start.
5
It keeps crashing.          9
It won't come on. 10 It keeps stalling.
2  Which of these problems have you
experienced?
3  Note down possible problems with
different appliances.
4  In pairs, ask and answer about your
problems, using some of the language in I. Give advice.
                                                                      It
keeps .     It won't       I cantget it to       I'm havingproblems
Language
work
Tentative language
Polite •expressions
1  Make these statements more polite
using one of the expressions above.
Did you turn the machine on?
2  I posted the letter last week.
3  You said could exchange it if it was
the wrong size.
4  We never promised to have it ready by
Thursday.
5  You prom sed could have a refund. 6
You told me you wanted ten copies, not twenty.
7   You don't know how to operate the
machine.
8   You obvious y didn't follow the
instructions correctly.
20 A BIT OF A PROBLEM

you don't
  seem to have sent vs enough
Even if you are sure there is a problem, use seem to sound
  more polite.
There seems to be a problem with the order.
It doesn't seem to be printing
  properly. We seem to have got lost.

The use of seem
2   Focus on form Which three patterns
follow the word seem above?
3   Listen to ten statements and make them
sound more polite by using the correct form of seem.
4   In pairs, act out conversations using
some of the problems in 3.
pronunciation                                                                           English
in use

1
2

Listen to the intonation of of the expressions in the clock!
again and repeat.

some Against
Listen

Dealing with
problems
Against the clock! You have three minutes to match expressions 1 to 12 to
the headings.
Apologizing
Making a request Expressing sympathy Offering to help
I'm sorry about that.
2
I'll do my
best to sort it out for you.
3       If you could just bear with me a
couple of moments.
4
Sorry about the
misunderstanding.
5       don't suppose there's any way you
could get it to me by tomorrow?
6
I'm sorry you've
been inconvenienced.
7
can understand why
you're upset.
8
I'll get back to
you as soon as I can.
9       was rather hoping you could give me a
refund. 10 do understand I'll look into it.
do apologize, speak out

Remember
Use a range of polite
  expressions. Use different expressions and language to explain problems.
Concentrate
  on your intonation and word linking.

I In pairs, A and B, take it in turns to make a phone call to make and deal with complaints. A turn to p.105
and B to p. 108. I'm phoning to I'm phoning about 2 After the roleplays, decide .
     how successful the outcomes of the
conversations were.
     how you would have dealt With these
situations in your own country.

Follow-up

1
Think about a real
problem you have had with something you have bought or ordered. Write a
dialogue in which you complain.
2
If you are living
in an English-speaking environment, note down examples of polite language you
hear this week.
3
Choose three
personal or household appliances, and think about things that can go wrong with
them. Use your dictionary to research vocabulary to describe the problems.

20 A BIT OF A PROBLEM
In this
1  Look at the stills below and identify
the films.
2  Which of the films is ...?
• a
road movie • a costume drama • a psychological thriller a b ockbuster • a
slapstick comedy • a romantic comedy 3 What other film genres can you think of?
4 What do you think?
Discuss these questions in groups of three. 1 What types of film do you
particularly like or dislike, and why?
2 In
general, do you prefer seeing films at the cinema or on video? Why?
Listening
Understanding opinions
I Listen to a radio arts programme in
which two people discuss The Talented Mr Ripley. 3             I What kind of film is it? 2 Did
they both like it?
2 Listen again and noce down whac they think of
I the film
overall
2   the acting
3   the story
4   the supporting actors
5   the ending
3
Listen to two friends,
Rob and Conal, discussing The English Patient, Did they both like it?
4
Listen again and say
whether the statements are true or false.
I Conal
thought the film was better than the book.
2   Conal thought it was true to life.
3   They both agreed it was a moving film
4   They were both impressed by the
cinematography.
5   Write down five questions you could
ask someone about a film.
6   Listen to someone asking about the
film Gladiator. Did she ask the same questions?
7   Turn to the Tapescript on p. 118,
listen again, and note down what the speaker liked about the film.

Did you notice...?

Whaf did
  NOV think oc -the 1m?
Think, feel, and find
  can all be used to give and ask for opinions.
—D Who-f- did VI,'           about
  it?
-D Pid you the story be lievab le?
—D Like yov, / eelt Moff Damon
was weak
/ êovnd -the ending
Shocking
In pairs, ask and answer about the
  last film you saw.

Vocabulary
Expressions connected with films
I In pairs, use the context to work out the meantng of these
expressions,
 The director was unknown and couldn't get funding, so the film was made
on a shoe-string budget with a cast of amateurs.
2      It was a box office smash in America,
and made millions of dollars, but in this country it was a flop
3      I planned to see the film after
read'ng all the rave reviews in the papers, but seeing the trailer at the cinema put
me Off going
4      It's a faithful adaptation of the
Dickens novel.
5      Patrick never eaves the cinema till
all the credits have been shown
6      It has become a cult film for a
certain group of cinema-goers, but it doesn't appeal to a mass audience
7      It tells the tale of a family of
immigrant workers and is a bleak portrayal of life in turn-of-the-century New
York.
8      The opening sequence starts with a
close-up of the heroine on the train.
9      The screenplay is by Tom Stoppard, and
John Williams composed the score.
10   My brother is a real film buff; he can
list all the films any director has made.
Adjectives to describe films
2
 Against the clock! In two groups, A and B, you have five minutes to
check the meaning of the adjectives in your box,
3
Which adjectives
suggest a negative opinion?

4
In A / B pairs,
test your partner. Choose some words from your box Pronunciation and ask for a
definition.

I
2

Listen to these words and the main stress.
action-packed slow-moving
overstated underrated over-romantic
  thought-provoking oversimplified again, check, and repeat.

mark
offbeat
Listen

5
 Which adjectives describe the kind of films you like / dislike?
6
Complete the rule.
                                                       In
compound adjectives, the stress usually falls on the         word
When
the first word is a noun, the stress usually falls on the
7
Mark the stress on
these words. Listen and check.
                                                                                good-looking                   5
bullet-proof                 9 part-time
2    late-night                       6
first-class   10 low-paid
3    old-fashioned      7 suntanned            1 1 mass-produced
4    airzconditloned             off-peak     12 candlelit
21 TALKING PICTURES
Language
work
Adverb
modifiers

It is very common to use adjectives
  with adverb modifiers.
It was really gripping.
The acting was pretty poor.
I'd heard it was a bit over-romantic.
The ending was rather inconclusive.
  I thought it was quite moving.

1 Look at the above examples.
I Which
of the adverbs are mainly used in spoken, informal English?
2 Which one is not normally used With
adjectives with a positive meaning?
2
Look agam at the adjectives on p. 71. Use some of them with adverb modifiers to
talk about films you have seen.
English in
use
Talking
about films
1 Read and complete the following ways of
talking about films.
Pronunciation

I
2
3

Listen and write down the sentences.
again and repeat, paying to the /1/ sound.
pairs, practise saying the
  sentences.

ten
Listen attention In

What       of film is it?              It's
  a kind of romantic comedy. What's it  It'S basically about his fall from
  grace.
Who'sMatt
  Damon plays the lead.
Who's it            by?                Woody Allen
Did it have a happy             ? No, I was in tears at the
  end.
It's           in
  America in the 1950s.
It was            in New Zealand.
It's           on a novel by Graham Greene.
It'S           seven
  Oscar nominations.
Discussing films

Have you seen any good films
What did you think
What did
  you
It the score / cinematography.
liked the  where he carries her draped in a
  sheet
Describing the

plot
Focus on form Which verb form is used to recount events?
He starts off as a general . he becomes a gladiator and has to fight
  for his life       he ends up being killed.
Complete
  the sentence with the correct prepositions.
 the beginning she doesn't like him
  but halfway  the film he saves her dog's life, and         the end they get married.

Describing
films
21 TALKING PICTURES
2   Think of a film that you have seen.
Make notes about the theme, the setting, the plot, and the main actors.
3   In groups of three, describe your film
to ocher people. They guess which film it is. Don't make it too easy!
Reading
Speed reading
I Against the clock! In two groups, A and B, you have five minutes to read about films showing at the
Phoenix cinema. A turn to and B to p. 109
1    Deade what kind 01 film each one is.
2    Underline words that describe the
films
2   Decide which film appeals to you most,
and why.
3

In A // B pairs, decide on a
film that you would like to see together.
speak out
I In
groups, find three films that everyone has seen, and compare your opinions.

Remember
Use a range of vocabulary and expressions to describe
  films. Use different adjectives and adverb modifiers.
Use the present simple to describe the plot of a film.

Follow-up
Watch a
  film with a friend and discuss it afterwards in English.
2
  Read film
  reviews in a film magazine or on the Internet. Add useful words and phrases
  to your vocabulary book
3
  Prepare to give
  a review in class of a favourite film, saying why you like it.
4
  Write a
  paragraph about a film you have seen, but without mentioning the title. Pass
  it to a friend for correction. In the next lesson, put the reviews on the
  wall and try to identify as many of the films as possible.

2 Ask ocher people about a film they have seen recently that you have not
seen. Decide whether you would like to go and see it.
21 TALKING PICTURES

1 Note down four things you would talk
about with a friend you haven't seen recen tly.
I Turn to the Tapescript on 12.118. Which verb forms were used most?
2
Focus on form
Complete the rules.
Useto talk about regular recent
activities. Use       to announce a single recent action.
to g•ve further details about a recent action.
3
Did you use the
same verb forms in Speakforyourself?
4
Look at these
examples.
                                                                I've
done a bit of travelling.              I've been studying quite a lot.
I've been doing a lot of
overtime.           I haven't been studying very much. Can you use a bit of/ a
lot of, a lot, and very much
• with positive
/ negative verb forms?  to qualify nouns or verbs?

2

3

4

Listen
  and write down six sentences.
again
  and mark the word, or with the main stress.
are
  been and have pronounced?
pairs,
  practise saying the sentences.

Listen
  words,
How

In

pronunciation 5 • Against the clock!
You have four minutes to write down two examples of recent activities / actions
for each of the statements. C) I'm realty stressed C) pV-t- on weight.
                                                                  very                                         My
soc,ØI lice is great!
Vocabulary
Vague
language

It
is very common in spoken English to use vague expressions . When it is not
important to give exact details.
when you are not sure of the exact
details.

1 Why do you think the expressions in bold
were used in the conversations In Listening?
I I've been doing various bits and
pieces — bits of this and bits of that.
2
1
met a few people, and went out for meals, and didn't get enough sleep, and that
kind of thing.
3
1've
been on a couple of trips.
4 1've been organizing candles and
cakes and presents and so on.
2
Listen
to four conversations. Note down examples of vague language.

Remember
Use appropriate verb forms to
  describe recent activities and actions.
Use vague
  expressions where appropriate.
 Concentrate on correct sentence
  stress.

3
Listen
again with the Tapescript on p.118 and check your ideas. 4 Match the
expressions you heard in 2 to one of these headings.
                                                          Approximation
     Generalization Word substitution
                                                      5        Listen
and answer the questions using vague expressions.

speak out
In groups of three, A, B, and C, toss
a coin to play the game. A talk about recent activities, B ask questions, and C
monitor. Swap roles.

food and  drink
START

concerts and plays

family and friends

study

travel

cars

work

housework

letters

sports

books

22
WHAT HAVE YOU BEEN UP TO? 75

At first
  sight, there seems little likelihood that the global popularity of English
  will diminish. After all, it is the first language of capitalism, of
  international commerce and trade, and of the Internet. It has more cultural
  resources, in the sense of works of literature, films, and television programmes, than any other language.
  It is the main language of newspapers, airports and air traffic control,

international business and academic conferences, science and
  technology, diplomacy, sport, international  competitions, pop music, and
  advertising. But the future of English may well not be straightforward, and
  there are reasons why we ought to take stock and reassess its place in the
  world.
There is a
  general awareness of change at the start of a new century, but no clear vision of
  where it may all be

But the language is, in
  another way, at a critical moment in its global career; within a decade or
  so, the number of people who speak English as a second language will exceed
  the number of native speakers. The implications of this are likely to be
  far-reaching. The centre of authority regarding the language will shift from
  native speakers; their literature and television may no longer provide the
  focal point of a global English language culture, their teachers no longer
  form the unchallenged authoritative models for students.
It seems, then, that the future for English may well be a complex and
  plural one. The language will grow in usage and variety, yet simultaneously
  diminish in global importance. It may cease to be the most important
  language, sharing that role instead with other languages

The Future of English

leading. The economic dominance
of countries such assuch as Spanish and Chinese. In short, the future of

Britain and the USA, which helped circulate English in the new market economies of the world,
  is being eroded by the growth of Asian economies. The populations of the rich countries are ageing, and in
  the coming decades young adults with disposable incomes will be found in Asia
  and Latin America, rather than the US and Europe.

English will be more complex, more demanding of
  understanding and more challenging for the position of native-speaking
  countries than has hitherto been supposed.

The start of the twenty-first century
is likely to be a period of global transition, with a new order emerging. It
can be expected to be an uncomfortable and at times traumatic experience for
many of the world's citizens.
c
As the world is in transition, so the English language is itself taking
new forms. In many parts of the world, as English is taken into the fabric of
social life, it develops a momentum and vitality of its own, diverging
increasingly from the kind of English spoken in Britain or North America.
English is also used for more purposes than ever before. Everywhere it is at
the leading edge of technological and scientific development, new thinking in
economics and management, new literature and entertainment genres. These give
rise to new vocabularies, grammatical forms, and ways of speaking and writing.
Nowhere is the effect of this expansion of English into new domains seen more
clearly than in communication on the Internet and the development of 'net
English'
'The Future of English' by David Graddol

23 FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS
Vocabulary
Multi-word
expressions
SD There are reasons why we ought to -take stock
These give rise to new vocabu lories
keep track ofmake fun of take issue withtake advantage of give rise toget the hang of take charge ofmake the best of come to terms with
take stock of
1 Decide whether to choose the noun or the verb part of
expressions like these to look up in a dictionary,
2 In two groups, A and B, check the meaning of the
expressions and note down an example sentence for each.
3 In A/ B pairs, read your sentences to your partner
without the expressions. They complete the sentences.
English in
use
Predictions
with will
I In pairs, match descriptions a to e to the expressions in bold a It will definitely happen d it
probably won't happen b it will probably happen e it definitely won't happen c
it may happen
 I'm certain that English will die
out.
2
I doubt whether
they'll find a cure for AIDS.
3    I would imagine that world supplies of
oi will run out
4    There's no doubt that we'll discover
life on another planet.
        Pronunciation                                     5
It's highly unlikely that the whale w'll become extinct

2

Listen and notice the pronunciation
  of will.
again and repeat.

Listen

6   There's a chance that scientists will
be able to reverse global warming.
7   There's no way that America will elect
a black president
8   The chances are that solar power will
be the most common form of energy
2 What do you think? Do you agree with the statements? Express your
opinion by using a different expression where necessary.
Predictions
with the infinitive
C) There s vnlikely to be a drop in interes+ rates
 /+'4 like ly to ran +0morrow
Cares are bovnd -to go up in price.
C)
House prices are bound no-t to keep riSiftg a-t- this rate
3
Focus on form Complete
the rule.
Use:
subject +
4
Look at the text dn p. 77
agatn and underline all the phrases with will, the infinitive, or other forms
of future reference.

23 FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS

Pronunciation
May and might can be used to make
  predictions. They can be more or less sure according to which word is
  stressed.
I     Listen to six pairs of
  sentences and say which word is stressed.
2 Which prediction in each pair is more certain?

5 Use a form of bound (not) to or likely // unlikely to to expand the
prompts into sentences,
                                                        I
It / be hot next week                   4 Jeans / go out of fash'on
2   Computers/ get cheaper       5 We /
have a test next week
3   Brazil / win the next World Cup             6
There / be a party at the end of the course
Language
work

Future time expressions

by the middle of this century

in the next few years

In five years' time

within a
  decade or so

(not) in the foreseeable future

(not) in my lifetime

in the near future

in the
  coming decade

one day

in the distant future

1 Use one of the time expressions to say when these predictions might
come true.
E ectrical appliances will be operated by voice control 2 There will be a
world court of human rights.
3    Traditional surgery will be replaced
by gene therapy.
4    Malaria will have been eradicated.
5    People will be wearing computers on
thew wrists.
6    We will have obliterated half the
world's species.
7    Trips to the moon Will be commonplace.
8    People will be driving zero emission
cars.
9    Everyone in the world will be speaking
English
10 There Will be a world currency.
2 Rephrase each prediction with an expression from English in use. In
pairs, compare your ideas. speak out

Remember
Use a range of expressions to
  predict the future.
 Use future time expressions to say
  when things may happen.
Use different
  multi-word expressions from the lesson.
Concentrate
  on sentence stress when using may and might.

I In groups of three, decide what future developments there will be in
the next cen years in three of these areas.
• holidays • in the home fashion • entertainment  language learning transport •
shopping in the workplace
2    Design a service or a product to meet
future market needs in one area.
3    Give a presentation to the class,
outlining your predictions of future trends and how your product will meet
future market needs.

Follow-up
1
Write predictions
about political, sporting, or cultural events in your country, or about class
members.
2
Discuss the news
with an English-speaking friend, making predictions about what might happen in
the next few days.
3
Research facts and
figures on the global use of English in reference books or on the Internet.
Write a list or make a poster displaying what you have found out 4 Find
examples of 'net' English and other areas where the language is changing or
used in different forms.

                                                                                23
FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS          79
     In
this lesson                                              Speak for yourself
I Why do
people climb mountams? Does it appeal to you?
2   If you were going to go on a
mountaineermg expedition ...
what would you have to do before the trip? what could go wrong on the
trip?

24
ON TOP OF

THE wORLD

Listen to follow a story.
Focus on past
  conditional forms. Look at discourse markers and idioms.
Talk about
  regret and lack of regret.

3   Look at the photos. What might have
happened before or after?
Listening
Taking notes
1
In two groups, A
and B, A listen to Michael. Make notes on .
how the trip was planned  the weather
the peak they chose to climb  four regrets he has how successful the climb was.
B listen to
Julie. Make notes on . .
why she is on crutches.      a problem coming downh i ll. the
temperature at night.               two things she did wrong.
her experience
on the summit
2
In A/ B pairs, use
your notes to retell the stories.
un    e es

Did you notice... ?

is used to do
at.
mean
done?
finished

orgat1i7-ed
  sort of bloke, he got it all sort-ed
Get / have something done when we arrange for someone something for us,
  e.g.
I had my eyes tested.
I need to get
  my car looked Get something done can also 'finish doing something', e.g. Did
  you get all the ironing I'll never get my homework if you keep interrupting.

3
Listen to both
stories and complete these extracts.
With hindsight, would you have done anything differently? well,
2   On the whole, the whole trip was a
great success, and but                       in the day-to-day runmng of
things, and not been portered and guided all the way because it did leave me
with a lot of spare time, and a lot of cold weather and long dark nights
3   With a bit more time, and perhaps
found a more interesting way, but I think on the whole, considering it was our
first trip, we
4   Doing all that running down the
mountain caused pain in my knees and and remembered the advice that was given,
and is seek medical help sooner really because I had a pain the next day.
5   Oh no, but you're glad you did it?
Well
Language work
Past conditionals
1 Focus on form Look at these sentences and complete the rules. 1 If
she'd been looking where she was going, she wouldn't have fallen 2 If we'd
consulted the map, we might not have got lost.
3   We could have reached the summit if
we'd set off earlier.
4   If she hadn't climbed the mountain so
fast, she wouldn't have a bad knee and wouldn't be walking on crutches today.
To imagine
different past consequences of a past event use in the conditional clause, and
in the result clause.
To imagine
different present consequences of a past event use in the conditional clause,
and in the result clause
                                                   2
      Listen to ten statements, and make sentences starting with If..
My friend suggested the idea, and so I went to the Himalayas.
Ifmy friend hadn 't suggested the idea, I wouldn't have gone to the
Himalayas.
24 ON TOP OF THE WORLD

English in
use
Expressing regret and lack of regret
I In pairs, highlight the expressions which express regret.
In
retrospect, wish I'd chosen my companions more carefully.
2      It'S just as wel I started taking ma
aria pills before I went.
3      With hindsight, we should have checked
the forecast before setting off.
4      Luckily, we were able to book a
sleeping compartment.
5      Thank goodness we took a first aid kit
with us.
6      have no regrets about the route we
took
7      Looking back, I'm g ad we took out
insurance before the trip.
8      AS it turned out, we needn't have
taken our waterproofs.
9      I wish I'd gone for longer
10   If on y I hadn't tried to stroke that
elephant!
11   I'd have liked to visit the is ands as
well.
12   It's a Pity we didn't get the chance
to go on a gu ded tour.
2 Focus
on form In pairs, look at exercise I again and answer I to 3.
Pronunciation

1
2

Listen to eight sentences notice the
  pronunciation of
again and repeat.

and have. Listen

I Which
verb form is used afterl wish and If only to express past regret?
2   Why do we say we were able to book,
and not we could book?
3   Which two modal verbs are used and
which form is used after them?
3 • Against the clock! In pairs, you have three minutes
to choose a headline and make five sentences to express regret and lack of
regret people might feel about the situation.
Holidaymakers stranded for two days in Vocabulary
airport as
airline goes Discourse markers bust
                                                                                On
the whole, the                     WOS a gt-ea-f success
                                                                                C)
/rt                 end,
           MILLIONS LOST AS                                        there
was an odd 001 lection     people
STOCK
MARKET CRASHES              1               Against the clock! In pairs, you
have three minutes to choose a discourse marker to continue each sentence.
in
practice deep down in retrospect in the end Couple survive in public in the
current situation in reality on the other three weeks at in the flesh in the
long term sea in inflatable first I didn't really take to him, but At life raft
2
In theory the plan
looks feasible, but .
3
At the time it
seemed like a good idea, but
4
In pnvate he has a
great sense of humour, but .
Pronunciation                                                                     5
On paper she has the right qualifications, but

2
3

Listen to the sentences in the clock! Notice the and intonation
  patterns.
again and
  repeat.
your complete sentences to pair, paying attention to stress and
  intonation.

Against stress Listen Read another correct

6
On the surface she
seems rather stand-offish, but .
7
On screen she
looks stunning, but
8   Under normal circumstances I'd be
happy to join the expedition, but 9 In the short term we'd make a
profit, but .
10 On the one hand I'd really like to go to the party, but 2 Complete each sentence in an
appropriate way.
24 ON TOP OF THE WORLD
Mountain idioms
1
In pairs, use the
context to explain the expressions in bold.
The team reached their peak at the end of last season, but from then on
they seem to have gone downhill
2
Some people think
you're over the hill when you reach Sixty, but feel at the peak of my mental
powers.
3
She gave up
writing at the height of her career to have a family
4
know his behaviour
wasn't very good, but still think it was a bit over the

top to exclude him from school
5
It will be an
uphill struggle to survive against foreign competition.
6
The world won't
come to an end just because you've failed your driving test; stop making a
mountain out of a molehill
7
We've had our ups
and downs over the years, but we ire st' I friends. 8 I've been
searching high and low for my keys; they've disappeared.
2 Check the expressions in a dictionary. Use five expressions to write true sentences.
speak out
1 Choose two situations which you have
experienced. Make notes on how you are going to describe the event and express your feelings.
•   an expedition • ajourney • a holiday  a
performance • an interview
•   a course           • a party   • a
celebration • a speech         an exam

Remember
Ask and answer questions using past
  conditional forms.
Use a range
  of expressions to talk about regret and lack of regret Use a range of
  discourse markers and idioms.
Concentrate
  on using the contracted form of have and correct intonation.

2 In groups of three, describe your event. Ask and answer questions. C)
What would NOV have done ?
C) COVId you have , 7 C) PO you regret _ ?
PO yov have any regrets abov-t• ? C) Are glad yoy _ ?

Follow-Lip
1
Write a paragraph
about one of the events in Speak out.
2
Ask people you
know if they have any regrets about events in their lives,
3
Look up the
following expressions in a monolingual dictionary, and add them to your
vocabulary book in the event        as a last resort  for that matter                   from
the word go jn due course           on the off chance on the contrary       on
reflection to no avail             having said that                 all being
well                       as it happens
4
Practise saying
conditional sentences aloud with the correct pronunciation.

                                                                                24
ON TOP OF THE WORLD           83
01                                                02

Complete the conversations in two different ways. Use a synonym and an
  opposite adjective.
 Isn't It freezing!

Rewrite the sentences using the KEY
  word, Check on p. 07.
     I had to get up very early in the
  morning.                    CRACK
Production at the factory has been temporarily

1 Adjectives                                                                  I
Expressions connected with time
a Yes, it's really Isn't it? suspended. TIME b Yes, it isn't very is it?
3 Dinner will be served at 8.30 precisely. DOT
2   This room is absolutely filthy!          4
We made a sudden decision to have a party.       spl_JR
5   You real y should look for a job
immediately.                   TIME
6   The ambulance arrived just before it
was too lateTIME
3   1 thought the film was really tedious.                  7
It's ages since went to a circus.         DONKEY'S
a    Yes, it was rather8 There used to be a
staff canteen, but that was before
b   Yes, it wasn't verystarted here. TIME
4 What an Idiotic thingto say'!                                 2
Multi-word verbs
a Yes, it was rather
Complete the sentences with the correct words. Check b Yes, it wasn't
very on 12.08.
5 Jon said the food was disgusting. 1
love lingering breakfast when I'm on holiday. a He was right! It was really

2 Conversational exchanges

3

One of these days I'll get  reading War and Peace.

4

 keep putting             cleaning
  the car.

Choose the most appropriate response
  and explain your

5

t looks as if the rain is easing             now.

choice.

6

Unless you do the washing up every day, it tends to p' e

2 It's hard to keepall the changes in computer b Yes, it wasn't
verytechno ogy,

1 Allow me to introduce Jeremy
Broad a How are you?7 At weekends enjoy pottering in the garden.
       b How do you do?                                                                                8
I missed two weeks of school so now I have a lot of catching
2   Do you mind if I smoke?                   to
do a Yes, I mind.
3   Describing trends and changes b I'd
rather you didn't, actually.
3 Well
I'd better be off.Correct the mlstake in each sentence.
a Nice to meet you.
Nice meeting you
4 DO you come here often?
a   Yes, I do.
b   Every weekend. And you?
5 Wonderful food!
Yes, fantastic.
b Yes, think so,
6 Have you got the time,

The price of home computers has
reduced dramatically. 2 More and more people buy air tickets on line nowadays.
3
In the past six
months, the rate of inflation doubled.
4
I am having less
and less free time these days. 5 There has been a steady increase of the number
of car
thefts.

6 It's getting more
and more easy to find a job 7 The divorce rate has increased strongly over the
last ten years.
8 These
days, people are working increasingly longer hours.

a    I make it ten thirty.
b   The fir-ne for What?

03
1
Adjectives to describe food
Find fourteen words to describe food, going from top to
bottom left to right, and diagonally.

2
Food idioms
Complete the sentences using a food idiom. Check on P12.
     I don't know how he can afford to
run two cars. He gets

2    You can go for a picnic if you like,
but I'm afraid picnics aren't my
3    He should work out exactly what needs
doing instead of corning up With
4    My nephew will enjoy the chocolate b
scuits and ice-cream. He's got
5    I'd love to come out with you this
evening but I'm afraid I've got
6    sa ywants me to buy her a new dress so
she keeps trying to
7    Why don't you look for a job? I'm
tired of being the only
8    Thank you for that stimulating speech.
I'm sure it'S given everyone _
3
Frequency adverbs and adverbial phrases
Use a frequency adverb or adverbial phrase to describe
your own habits.
eat fast food.
j hardly
ever eat fast food / I don't often eat fast fôod/ eat fast food every
other day. 2 try out new recipes.
3 I say grace before a meal
4     I have a cigarette after my mea
5     have breakfast in bed
6 I eat ready-made meals.
7 I eat my main meal after 9 00 in the evening 8 I eat watching TV.
9 I have friends round for a barbecue.
10 I have wine with my main meal 11 I prepare a packed lunch. 12 I order
a takeaway.
04
1 Work and study collocations
Match the words below with the appropriate verb.

get

WORK

AND

make

STUDY

work

promotion                   a living           early
retirement a profit progress       part-time a grant                the sack        a
career change an exam                        maternity leave                  in
shifts good grades                a gap year     a fortune full-time            flexi-time      a
nse
2 Revision of verb forms
Complete the text with a correct form of the verb in
brackets,
7th April 2001
Dear Sir
/ Madam,
I am writing to apply for the position
of Adoptions Coordinator, as advertised in yesterday's edition of The Guardian.
As you
will see from the enclosed CV, I
(study)
Sociology and Psychology at Nottingham University, where I (obtain) an upper
second class degree. 1 3 (work) in the field of social work ever
since | 4 (graduate) in 1996. From 1996 to 1999, 1 5 (be) employed
by Nottingham Social Services as a social worker. Since then, 1 6 (have)
extensive experience of adoption work. Over the past four years I
(specialize)
in adoptions and foster care, and 8 (lead) workshops on adoption procedures for
teams within the Nottingham area. 1 9 (currently / work) for Derbyshire Social
Services
Department, where my duties 1 0
(include)
co-ordinating adoption teams within the Derbyshire area. I          (also /
study) part-
time for
a Master's degree in Social Work.
   | 12                                (feel)
the post you
(offer)
will allow me to develop my expertise in team management, and that | (possess)
the necessary skills and experience to do the job successfully.
I look
forward to hearing from you.
Yours
sincerely,
Alyson
Ma+fhcws
Alyson
Matthews

85 05 3 So, such, such a, really
Complete the sentences with so, such,
such a, or really.

1
  Relationships vocabulary
Decide whether these sentences are
  logical (L) or

Check on p.
  19.
1 1've put on                 much
  weight that I can't get into my jeans.

illogical (I).                                                                                2
Hes               fussy about punctuality, so get there on time.
 He had a crush on her so he tried to
chat her up.                                        3 I've got             little
time that I can't keep up with everything.

2 I went off Tim because we're on the same wavelength 3 Sarah is having a fling with her
  other half.
4
  Paul and Clare
  really hit it off so they decided to split up.
5
  She's still got
  a soft spot for him, so she wants to make it up. 6 They fell out because they
  didn't see eye to eye on anything. 7 I used to think the world of him, but
  now he's grown on me.
8
  Even though he's
  a terrible flirt, he's never been unfaithful to his wife.
9
  They went on a
  blind date, and it was love at first Sight. 10 We share a house, but we're
  not actually living together.
2 Paying compliments
Match compliments 1 to 10 with answers a to j  / like your bracelet! you're
  looking well

4
  Katy always
  makes me laugh. She's     good company.
5
  We had         nice
  time that we didn't want to come home.
6
  Thanks for a
  lovely evening. We           enjoyed ourselves.
7
   It was           bad weather that we decided to stay in.
8
   I can't come out because I have a       heavy workload.
9
  He was          fed
  up that he answered a lonely hearts ad. 10 She was under              pressure
  that she had a breakdown.
06
I Two-part nouns
Rewrite the sentences using the KEY
  words. Check on p.21.
 Are you expecting many people to attend the meeting? TURNOUT
2

Who-t- a sweet tiff-tie pvppy/ Let me
know what happens as a result of the treatment.
                        Didn't she
play beavtiCVIIy?                                                         3 We
are expecting that fewer people                 OUTCOME
                          Thi4 trip
was such a good idea                                                      will be recruited
this year.                                   CUTBACK
What lovely handwrifing you've got/ 4 Violence broke out at last night's
you dealt With -t-ha-f- customer really well football cup final. OUTBREAK
                         Doesn't yovr
garden 100k gorgeovs?                  5 We to launch have had the problems
satellite. with our attempt SETBACK
Great speech! 6 Could you let me know about your your children are so
well-behaved/ recent research? UPDATE
7 Talks
between the management and
 Oh, it'S terribly overgrOWt1 ly unions have broken down. BREAKDOWN  b yes, isn't he adorable/ 8 We will
introduce tough new measures
 Thanks. /'vejvsf come back Qrom holiday  to combat hooliganism. CRACKDOWN  d Do yov -thitlk so? / wag really
nervous  9 HOW last month?much business did you do  TURNOVER  e yes, / fhovghf if wovld do yov good
to get 10 Scientists have discovered an important
                    away                                                                                new
way to treat heart disease.                       BREAKTHROUGH
 Thank you t almost lost my cool With him
to be honest                 2 Articles  g They're little monsters, actvalty Complete che text with a, an, the, or
no article.
h Thanks was a presetlf Cor my eighteenth man in Essex has discovered 2
painting birthday by Picasso in 3 rubbish dump near his house,  i yes, I think if s the best recital
/'ve heard painting was stolen from 5 private her live  co lection 6 in London reward six
months of £250,000 ago and for its 7 owners had offered
 j Thank you. Everyone says it's neat                                                       information
leading to 8                  discovery of 9
masterpiece.
10     man, who came across painting when out walking his dog near 12                 dump,
has said he will spend '3                   money on     yacht to travel around     world.
16      detectives are still investigating 17     theft of five other paintings
reported missing from 18                                           collection
during 19         same robbery.
_ZFRACTICE

3 Reacting to news
Respond to each piece of news and add a question.
-D My
55-f-er 5 having a baby
/s She? When s if due? -D L jV5-t been burgled
C) 3 ávess what/ /'vejvst won 4-500/
-D 4
The bus 6 late again
_D 5 My
mother's not very well.
-D (o Hey, guess what/ /'ve               beetl
promoted
C) 7
Apparently an elephant's escaped Crom the zoo
07
1 Asking for information

Write the words In the correct order and add
punctuation.
 could me if you wonder help
2    this idea to you do Paddington if any
have train goes
3    price about to ringing ot Malta
enquire I'm to the flights
4    tube you where the sorry nearest know
iS station do
5    Sylva's you happen do of you birth
know date to don't
6    find me tell the excuse you can loo me
I can where
7    know the suppose I where gone
caretaker has don't you
2 Colloquial responses
Answer these questions about your
teacher or a class member using a colloquial expression. When's his / her birthday?
2     How long has he / she been teaching?
3     HOW does he / she travel to work?
4     Has he / she got any children?
5     What kind of music does he / she like?
6     What does he / she do in his / her
free time?
7     What's his / her favourite colour?
8     Has he / she got any pets?
9     What languages does he / she speak?
10  What does he / she do after the c ass?
08
1 Location expressions
Correct the wrong word in these location expressions,
Check on p.27.
 The sea 's only six kilometres away as the pigeon flies.
2
Is the shrine
inside cycling distance from here?
3
The climate
is often a few degrees cooler in the coast. 4 The nearest pub is only a rock's
throw from here, 5 There are shanty towns at the south of the city.
6 They live on a little farm in the centre of nowhere. 7 The capital City
is fifty kilometres far from here.
8     We found an Island that was outside
the beaten track
9     Our hotel was right at the heart of
New York
10  It's a ten-minutes' walk to the city
centre
2 Expressing preferences
Complete the second sentence so that
it means the same as the first.
 WOUId you rather eat out or order a takeaway?
Which
2    If could choose, I'd sooner have a
room With a view of the
Given
3    I don't mind whether we stay a week or
a fortnight I'd just
4    I like driving better than being
driven.
I
prefer
5      I'd rather stay in a hotel than in
self-catering accommodation.
I'd
prefer
6      don't mind what we do
I'll do

3 Reaching a decision
Put the lines of this dialogue in the correct order, 1
to 11.
What do yau reckon then, should we stay at the Ainsdale Apartments or
Sandbrook cottage?
C]        And according to the brochure, the apartments are very modern
and well-equipped
Mm, me too. And suppose we could always go and spend the day in the
countryside.
Yes, it does, On the other hand, the
apartments would be very convenient for going out in the evening. That'S a
tough one, there are pros and cons in both places. Where would you rather go?
That's right, like the sound of the
sauna and jacuzzi Well, that's true, it could be a bit
Isolated. But, as you say, the cottage itself does sound idyllic
      C]        Yes, let's do that
I'll give them a ring now,
C]       Well, I'm not sure either.
fancy the idea of staying in a cottage but I'm not sure like the idea of being
stuck aut in the middle of nowhere.
Yes, we'd have everything on our
doorstep. And if we're on holiday, we might as well make the most of the night life.
       _l       You're right, we could
hire a car and go for day trips.
Maybe
we should go for the apartments then
09
I Crime vocabulary
Complete
the puzzle by following clues 1 to 10. Find che mystery word.

Juvenile  is becoming an increasing problem.
2     When someone has been found guilty of
a crime and their conduct is monitored but they are not sentto prison, they are
on
3     Someone who commits a crime is an
4     Young people who are socially              often turn to cnme
5     Writing or pictures on the walls of
stations, public toilets, etc. is called
6     The                rate has risen sharply in the last year.
7     An alternative to prison IS                      service.
8     The opposite of strict is
9     If you are in prison awaiting trial,
you are In
10  If you intentionally damage public or
other people's property you  it.
2 Quantity expressions
Replace
the words in bold with a different quantity expression with a similar meaning.
Check on p.31
Nowadays, a lot of marriages end in divorce 2 Some species of whale are on the
verge of extinction. 3 A little stress is inevitable in any job.
4     Nearly all primary school teachers are
women.
5     A few children leave school unable to
read or write.
6     n 99.9% of cases, there Will be no
problem
7     The government is spending lots and
lots of money on combating illiteracy,
8     Most young offenders come from
deprived backgrounds.
9     There are hardly any pandas at all eft
in the wild.
10   There is a lot of evidence that poor
posture causes back pain.

I l It is
natural that young men will feel some aggression
12 The
violence was caused by Justa handful of pupils.
PRACTICE
3 Cause, blame, and solutions
Make
complete sentences using the prompts. Check on
p.32
Main reason / teenage smoking / peer pressure.
The main reason behind teenage smoking peer pressure.
2     think / something / said l' banning
cigarette advertising.

3     Key factor / unemployment /
computerization.
4     blame / the rise in violence / video
games.
5     I think the games manufacturers / a
lot / answer.
6     Reason / kids eat junk food / it is on
sale at school
7     I personally think / best way forward
/ create more night she ters.
8     The change in the climate / largely
due / global warming
9     The best solution / the government /
introduce energysaving measures.
10
I Body language
Complete
the expressions. Check on p. 35.
 clear your
2     ralse your
3     clench your
4      shake your
5     cross your
6     tap your
7     snap your
8     blow your
9     rub your
10  fold your
I l tap
someone on the
12 pat
someone on the
2 Turn-taking
Complete
the conversatlon using one of the expressions in
the
box.
can I interrupt    I've lost my train
of thought talking of        going back to that reminds me of              sorry
to interrupt

     where was I           changing the subject completely

Anna

 had a really weird telepathic experience yesterday when I was talking
  to my friend. She asked me if I'd ever thought of taking up rock climbing,
  and .

Bob

Hey,     rock climbing, I've been invited to
Scotland next month to go climbing.
  What do you think of that?

Anna

Great. Fantastic. Anyway,  telepathy, my friend asked me if
  I'd ever thought of taking up rock climbing, and the amazing thing was that .

Clare

Hi Bob,  but have you seen my glasses by any
  chance?

Bob

No, sorry. I haven't. Go on, Anna. What were you saying?

Anna2 Uses of the definite article
Bob Telepathic experiences.

Anna

Oh yes. •t was amazing, because just

before the conversation with my friend, I'd s'gned up for
  this

 telephone was invented by Alexander
  Graham Bell

rock climbing course in Switzerland. And I've never even

2

 friendship is more important than      money.

d'scussed it with my friend.

3

 earth revolves around                   sun
  every 365 days.

Bob

 a cousin of mine who has a really

4

'Where's           dog?' (I think
  he's in

uncanny knack of reading your mind. She knows what you're

5

Internet is an important source of

going to say before you even open
  your mouth

knowledge.

Anna

Wow. Weird, isn't it?

6

 think                  military
  service should be abolished

Complete 1 to 12 with the or no
article.

                                       There's
  a really good

cats.

Anna

Sorry Bob, 9   ? I've just spotted Clare's
  glasses.

8

A quality I value highly in                 friends
  is    loyalty.

9

 discovery of penicillin was one of  most significant medical advances.

1 1

10

 dove is a symbol of                   peace
  all over

world

1 Adverbs expressing attitude

1 1

 press and     media should respect people's

Complete the text with an
  appropriate adverb from 1 to 8.

right to    privacy.

12

He's always paying                 compliments
  to

The Editor

opposite sex.

Bob       Anyway,do
you fancy going out to the cinema tonight? In general,   dogs are more
affectionate than
7

10th October 2001

3 Presenting an argument

I am writing to express my concern about the proposal by

Write words or phrases with a
  similar meaning, Check on

the town council to spend £500,000 on refurbishing
  the

p. 38 and 39.

local government offices and buying a statue for the

IN ADDITION TO THIS

forecourt costing a further £100,000.

a what's

m ore

I understand the local councillors' desire for a pleasant

the

that

     working environment, but 2                                      there
  are

f

better ways of spending tax-payers' money?

c and o

oft

I have made countless phone calls to
  the council but, no one was ever available to discuss these projects.                   they
  are embarrassed

2

FIRSTLY

and f

about the sums of money involved, and want to rush the
  plans through with the minimum of publicity.

C in the t

p as

If the council has £500,000 to spare, it could be spent in better
  ways.

3

FINALLY

there are a number of homeless

b c

but n

people in
  this town. who have to sleep out on the streets in all weathers. 7 for such a
  large town as this, there are no facilities for offering them temporary
  accommodation. the council will reconsider their spending plans and decide to
  spend tax-

4

ADMITTEDLY

payers' money on a more worthy cause.

5

IT'S HARDLY SURPRISING THAT

Yours
  faithfully
Uona+h0YI Brett
Jonathan
  Brett
 a ironica y                               b
  clearly                            c naturally
2
   a not surprisingly              b surely         c certainly
3
  a strangely
  enough           b tragically    c fortunate y
4
  a clearly b
  unfortunately c amazingly 5 a fortunate y b understandably c certainly
6
  a sadly     b
  hopefully  C Oddly
7
  a obviously                    b
  amazingly   c ironically
8
  a obviously                    b
  clearly         c hopefully

a It's s                          surprising
  that

Birkdale
Herald
Dear
Sir

89

12
1 Feelings and moods
Unscramble the letters co make words describing moods
and feelings. Check on p.41.
1 tedale 2 chiIgrate
3 selserts
4 perisheepvan
5 loomeanit 6 steen
7
tencton
8
edidarn
9 usaxion
10 greetnice
2
Verbs of movement

      stride

   dash       crawl

 ti ptoe

    stroll       leap

wander

    limp        stagger

She

into the room so as not to wake the
  baby.

Complete the sentences with the correct
form of one of the verbs.
2
Hot, thirsty, and
weighed down by our heavy rucksacks, we the final few yards to the youth
hostel
3
over the fence and
got the ball back.
4
The centre forward          oft
the football pitch with a knee injury.
5
We  slowly homewards along the country
lanes.
6
He dropped to his
hands and knees and  under the table.
7
When the downpour
started, we  to shelter under a nearby tree.
8
After they had
finished the picnic, they  over to explore the woods.
9
The man over to the reception desk and
demanded to see the manager.
—PRACT I C E
3
Narrative verb forms
Complete the text with a correct form of the verbs in
brackets.

(be) the six weeks

rucksack,
/ have to) place to wait Six hours
(stop).
car

(meet) my girlfriend when 2 (backpack) in Peru three years
ago. It last day of my holiday. 1 4 (travel) for and 1 5 (run) out of money, so
1 6 (decide) to hitch the last stage of the journey. It
(pour) with rain and 1 8                         (carry)
a heavy
SO 9 (hope) that | (not wait too long fora lift. I l (find) a under a
tree, and 1 2 (start) to hitch. later, (still / wait) Several cars (go) by
during the day, but nobody 1 5
| 1 6                      (decide) to
give up, and so 1 1 7
(set) off
to look for a place to stay. Just then, a
1 8                        (pull) up
beside me, and a Voice
(say) 'You looka bit wet. Can I offer you a lift
(be)
Justine, who is now my girlfriend.
13
1
Social situations
Write the actual words of the reported conversations.
 Sally invited Roger to go out for a p•zza, but he turned down

the
invitation.
Roger, do you fancy going out for a pizza this evening? I'd love to but I'm afraid I'm doing
something else.
2    Roger offered to help Sally With her
luggage, and she accepted his offer.
3    Roger apologized profusely for being
late, and Sally accepted his apology.
4    Sally asked Roger to peel the
potatoes, but he refused
5    Roger suggested Sally should go on a
diet, but she rejected his suggestion.
2
Reporting verbs
Report the sentences, using an appropriate verb.
promise suggest plead
tell off deny refuse own up urge accuse agree
 You shouldn't have borrowed my bike without asking, 2 Please don't tell
my father!
3   You've broken my Video recorder!
4   I didn't break your video recorder.
Honestly!
5   Well, actually, I did break it.
6   I won't be late again
7 There's no way I'rn going to that party.
8     Have you thought of taking up yoga?
9     You really should see a doctor, you
know.
10  OK, I'll give Sarah a ring tomorrow.
14
1 Expressions connected with lies
Choose
the correct alternative for each situation.
1 The boy phoned the fire brigade even though there was no fire.
a    It was a hoax.
b   He was having them on
2 She
told me she loved me but really she wanted my money. a She Was kidding.
b She
took me fora ride.
3 He
pretended to be American, as a joke.
a   He was taking me in.
b  He was pulling my leg
4 1 told her enjoyed the meal so as not to offend her a I made out she was a good cook.
b I told
a white lie.
5 He pretended to be a policeman, and stole her passport a He tricked her.
b He was
having her on
6 He
asked for money, even though he had plenty of his own.
a He was economical with the truth b
He made out he needed money.
2 Proverbs
Find
and correct the wrong word In the proverbs. Check
on p,48.
Every
cloud has a silver heart
2
It takes all kinds
to make a world
3
All work and no
pay makes Jack a dull boy.
4
When In Rome, eat
as the Romans do.
5
Don't count your
ducks before they are hatched.
6
out of sight, out
of memory.
7
The test of the
pudding is in the eating,
8
Better now than
never.
9
More haste, more
speed. 10 Too many cookers spoil the broth
3 Clarification
Write
expressions under the headings. Check on p. 49.
       Asking for clarification                   Providing
clarification

15
1 Verb / noun collocations
Complete
the sentences using an appropriate verb or multi-word verb. Check on p. 51.
 We are trying to des'gn a system that will everybody's needs.
2   Global warming  a challenge to the developed
countries
to consume ess energy
3   It is not easy to          this
dilemma.

4    At the age of sixty-five he finally  his ambition to sail around the world
single-handed.
5   The government's first priority is to                    the problem of unemp oyment
6   How much wi it cost to actually    this
scheme? 7 During the meeting, someone        the question of money
8     The design team       several proposals during the meeting.
9     After six hours of negotiations, the
two sides finally  an agreement.
10  I g ve the orders; your job is Simply
to them

2 Putting forward proposals
Complete
the suggestions for solving traffic problems in your town.
 Some people have proposed that .
2     suggest that
3     It is essential that
4    We need

5    The council should
6    We shouldn't
3 Emphatic sentences with what
Make
the sentences emphatic by starting them with what.
1      1 bought a new car
What /
did was buy a new car.
2      You should get your car serviced.
3       need a holiday.
4      He said that he was tired.
5      We are destroying the environment.
6      We shouldn't exacerbate the problem
7      The use of pesticides should be
banned.
8      I haven't renewed my passport
9      I'm concerned about the exhaust fumes.
10    We need to look at the cause of the
problem
11    We are simply treating the symptoms

16                                                                                2
Two-part expressions
Unscramble the
letters co make two-part expressions,

I Talking about plans
Complete
che exchanges about future plans using the prompts.
1 A you I
do / weekend?
B
arranged I bowling I Saturday night. Sunday / v•sit / my parents / as usual.
evening / revise my exam.
2 A plans / this evening?
B hoping I
concert but I cancelled. might/ film / instead.
3 A you anything lined up } summer?
B thinking I go I Greece I fortnight. after that /
start new job. 2 Changes of plan

Complete the sentences with one
of the multi-word verbs in the right form.

Check on
p.58.
dirpe and yoj
2     ciks and derit
3     cashe and spain
4     feas and donus
5     arew and rate
6     sleur and gutrailosen
7     lirat and rorer
8     evig and kate
9     scaft and sugrife
10  derit and detest
3Talking about change
Complete the sentences with an
appropriate word or

     call
off             talk someone out of go through withphrase to describe changes.

fall through bring forward get
out of to be deer in the woods. pull out stick withsafe at night.

buyers decided to                         at
  the last minute.

4

The city centre didn't                         to
  be so congested.

2

The wedding was because the bride got cold

5

You can't paddle in the sea any

feet.

6

They've                        an
  amusement arcade in the centre of

3

The council had been planning to
  build a new concert hall,

the town.

but the scheme                         for
  lack of sponsorship.

7

The village green has been                         into
  a car park.

      I was
going to move house at the end of the month, but my                                                     used
to be litter in the streets.

4 If I can        doing
overtime, I'll meet you for a drink                    8 The old windmill has
been tonight.

5 I was having second thoughts about
  the colour scheme, but in the end I decided to   turquoise and gold.

6 If you decide you don't want to the dea , let us
  know as soon as a matter of urgency.

18

7 you're not going to  me  piercing my

I Personal characteristics

nose. My
  mind's made up.
8 The meeting will be                           so
  that everyone can be

Match the adjective to the descriptions.

9 All the elm trees have been

                                                                  present.a
thick-skinned                                                                               e
single-minded i self-sufficient

d obstinate                    h
  caring                      I stand-offish

I Compound nouns for towns

She's modest and doesn't make an
  effort to impress people.

Think Of compound nouns to match the
  definitions.

2

He can act cruelly, with no regard for the feelings or
  lives of

Check on 12.58.

other people.

A place where musicians play.

3

He is cold and distant, and doesn't like to mix with other

2

An indoor area containing electronic
  games.

people.

3

A safe place to cross the road.

4

She is rarely cheerful, and
  communicates her bad mood with silence.

4

An area of town where you can only
  walk on foot.

5

He always fulfils his duties carefully and properly.

5

Where the household waste ends up.

6

He is too insistent on doing what he wants, and no one can

6

A place where you can park your car.

persuade him to do otherwise.

7

Where you put your money when you
  park on the street.

7

She always thinks and acts practically, without having her

8

A place where you can do different sports and free time

head in the clouds.

activities.

8

He knows exactly what he wants to do and nothing can

9

An indoor place where there are a lot of shops together.

deter him from his plan.

10

An area where a number of houses were built at the same

•9

She never acts spontaneously, and generally opts for a safe

time.

course of action.

b ruthless
f cautious j down-to-earth c conscientious g self-effacingk sullen
-PRACTICE

10    He is not easily hurt or offended by
what others say about
him.
11    She is affectionate, and tries to help
and look after other people as much as she can.
12    She can manage her life without the
help of other people.
2 Similarities and differences
Rewrite the sentences using the KEY words. Check on
p.62.

Your salary is exactly the same as mine.

DIFFERENCE

2

Anna is much more ambitious than Tom.

NOWHERE NEAR

3

Sophie and Ellen are equally intelligent.

JUST

4

The new boss is nothing like as patient as

the old one.

INFINITELY

5

I have nothing whatsoever in common

with my brother.

DIFFERENT

6

Scotland is rainier than Italy.

IN COMPARISON

7

Janet and I are equally well-qualified.

IDENTICAL

8

Today is a little less cool than
  yesterday.

SLIGHTLY

3 Agreeing and disagreeing
Write as many expressions as you can under the
headings. Check on p. 63.
Agreeing

19
I Collocations
Complete the extreme expressions.
Check on p 65.
8    It was such a devastating experience
that I felt like into tears.
9    When I heard that strange noise last
night I felt scared
20

1 Complaining politely
Put the lines of the dialogue in order.
Absolutely positive, I've been through
all the instructions three times.
Certainly.
Have you got your receipt?
Good
morning. Can I help you?
Actually,
I was rather hoping for a refund.
Well, if you like we can give you a
replacement and you can try with that
I see. If you could just bear with me
a minute, I'll check w i th the manager. Yes, that's fine. We can issue
you with a refund.
Oh
dear, what exactly is the problem?
Actually, I can't seem to find it.
When I
press 'print' on my computer, nothing happens.
Oh dear. I'm afraid it'S our policy
not to give refunds without a receipt.
Thank
you very much. I do appreciate that, and sorry for the inconvenience.
Yes,
good morning. I bought this printer here yesterday and it doesn't seem to be
working.
Are you
sure it's connected properly?

yes, I do understand. I don't
suppose there's any way you could make an exception, is there? The thing is,
I've decided I might as well stick With my old printer instead of getting a new
one.
2 Explaining problems
Explain a problem you might have with these appliances.

idle 6new aWa ke 7hotA computer naked
8open 2 A car dry 9cold 3 A toilet
4 A camera

5 A TV set

2 Describing extreme feelings and

6 Central heating

asleep                                   10wet

experiences
Complete che expressions. Check on
12.65.
      Dad was absolutely livid. He
nearly                      the roof.
2    It was so funny. I couldn't keep a   face.
3    I was really embarrassed. I'll neverit
down.
4    I was absolutely speechless. I
couldn't believe my
5    It frightened the life out of me. I
was absolutely
6

It was a really weird
experience. In fact it was totally
7    When my team won the championship I
was over the

3 Tentative language
Rewrite
the sentences using seem to make them less direct,  The
radiator is leaking. 2 The battery is flat.
3
The flash doesn't work 4    can'tset the alarm. 5 It isn't
recording.
6
The
colour has run.
7
They
have shrunk
8
you
haven't loaded the film properly.
21
I
Expressions connected with films
Find ten words
connected with films from left to right, cop to bottom, or diagonally.

2
Adjectives to describe films
Complete
the sentences With an adjective to describe films. Check on p. 71.
It got rave reviews but, personally,
didn't think much of it; felt it was rather
2
like
films like that, that you can discuss for a long time afterwards over a drink.
3
There
was nothing new or original about the plot; in fact it

was pretty
4
prefer
films with a lot of action; this one was a bt for me
5 MY friend liked all the happy
reunions and weddings at the endi but frankly, I found it all a bit too

6   It
was a very  film; there were no laughs or light
moments, and the ending was unbearably sad
7   was
almost in tears when that child got out of her Wheelchair and walked agaln,• it
was a very scene.
8 like the way the director didn't
make the point too strongly; everything was really
9 couldn't take my eyes off the screen
from start to finish,
I found the whole film very

PRACTICE
3
Talking about films
Complete the
dialogue with appropriate questions.

B Yes, I saw Titanic the other day.
A
Oh,
really.
B
Oh,
it's a typ•cal Hollywood blockbuster.

B Actually, I thought it was a bit
sentimental It's not really my kind of film.

B Kate Winslet and Leonardo DiCaprio_

B Yes, they acted quite well, I thought.

B It's basically about these two people
who fall in love on a sinking ship.

B No, not really, because the Leonardo
DiCaprio character des in the water wating to be rescued.
22
1
Recent activities
Wrlte true
sentences to describe your recent actlvities.
 sport
I haven't been
doing much sport recently.
I've
played golf twice recently / I went skiing last month.
2
anerna
3
letters
/ e-mails
4
jogging
5
sleep
6 cooklng
7
parties
8
 English
9
work
10
friends
2
Vague language
Complete the
sentences using one of the express1011S in
the box.
such
and such and things like that whatsisname -ish in his late twenties or
something that kind of thing or so did
a lot of sightseeing, you know, museums, art galleries,

2
You
know my cousin. He's dark,   got a beard.
3
There
must have been fifty              people at the

4
would
you like a beer
5
Can you come round at ten              tomorrow  morning?
6
I
bumped into              at Chris'S exhibition
7
1'm in charge Of
answering the phone, making reservatlons, dealing with customers,
8
She always has
some excuse or other; 'Oh sorry, I can't make it, I'm doing
23
1 Multi-word expressions
Complete the sentences with an expression from the box.

keep track of take issue with give
rise to come to terms with take charge of - make fun of take advantage ofget the hang of take stock of make the best of

 In the absence of Mr James, Mrs Livesey will

the
day-to-day running of the business.
2     Reversing round corners is difficult
at first but you'll soon

3     All the other kids Willme if go to
school wearing this!
4     She's finding it hard to                   the
fact that her children have grown up.
5     Overwork can           s tress.
6     Now is the time to the opportunities that e-commerce
can offer.
7     If you try and             what you spend each month, you
shouldn't run up debts.
8     I'm afraid  your descript•on of my novels as
'boring and dated'.
9     know the hotel is awful, but we can't
change now so we'll just have to
10   After two years in the job, she felt
it was time to her career.

2 Verb phrases with will or the infinitive

Change the sentences to make others with a similar
meaning, using the KEY word. Check on p. 78
I'm certain that you'll get the jobBOUND
2    Petrol prices may go up                    CHANCE
3    It's unlikely that there'll be a
recession.              DOUBT
4    I expect it will be warmer tomorrow.                    LIKELY
5    The treaty may well be ratified       CHANCES
6    There's no way that it Will snow
tomorrow.       BOUND
3 Future time expressions
Put these expressions into two groups; near time and
dtstant time.

in five years' time

in the near future

in the coming decade

one day

by the middle of the century

in the distant future

in the next few years

within a
  decade or so

not in the foreseeable future

not in my lifetime

24
1 Past conditionals
Complete the sentences in an appropriate way.
 If I hadn't gone to the party
2    If I'd known it was your birthday
3    You wouldn't have m•ssed the bus if
4     You might have got better grades if
5     wouldn't be feeling so sick if

6    If we hadn't taken an umbrella

7    He would never have known the truth if
8    I'd be a lot richer if
2 Expressing regret and lack of regret
Use the prompts to imagine regrets or
lack of regrets for these people.
 CHILD AFTER A VISIT TO THE ZOO
I'm glad / lions liked / longer
2
PERSON WHOSE HOUSE
HAS BEEN BURGLED
If only
/ burglar alarm
Thank
goodness / police
3
COUPLE HOSTING A
PARTY needn't/ food just as well / wine
4
PERSON BACK FROM A
HOLIDAY IN CHINA regret / photographs luckily / able / the Great Wall
5
PERSON WHO HAS
JUST HANDED IN HER RESIGNATION no regrets / decis on pty sooner
6
PERSON WHO HAS JUST
HAD A JOB INTERVIEW hindsight / should / questions wish } nervous
3 Discourse markers
Complete 1 to 10 and a to j with a
preposition and find pairs of phrases. Check on 17.82.
                                        firstpractice
2
  the time
3
the short term           the flesh
4
 public     dthe other
5
 screenprivate
6
the surfacethe long term
7
 normal circumstances                       g                      the
current situation

8
 the one hand               h deep

9
paper               the
end
10
theory              retrospect

A personal profile and CV
PROFILE
OF TESSA ADAMS
Personal
qualities
I am a
motivated, dynamic Individual with ambition to succeed. I am well-organized and
have good time
5 management skills; I can work to
deadlines. and cope calmly under pressure. I am a good team member; I also have
a proven track record of successful leadership of groups, and can delegate
effectively. Articulate and approachable, I possess excellent interpersonal
skills,
10 am a good listener, and at the same time I can handle problems with
tact and sensitivity. Resourceful, creative, and flexible, I am an original
thinker, I can take initiative, and I welcome new challenges that develop my
abilities and extend my expertise.
15 Key
skills
•  I am fluent in French, and have a
basic working knowledge of Italian and Finnish.
•  I am highly computer-literate with an
in-depth knowledge of computer graphics.
20 •
Over a twelve-year period I have built up a sound understanding of the
television industry.

1 Read
the profile. Who do you chink It describes, and why?
•     a Newspaper Editor
•     a PA to an accountant
•     an Advertising Executive
2    Find words or phrases that mean .
able to organize time well. 2 to complete work on time.
3    able to work well with other people.
4
evidence of past SUCCeSS.
5    to pass on work to other people 6 able to express your ideas clearly 7
to take action Independently 8 able to use computers.
3 Look
at part of a CV. Would you set it out in the same way In your country?

Corrigan
of Bath Business School
Business management of Leeds degree in Economics with French
1994
  studying French at the
Comprehensive
  School,
French
  (B), Mathematics (B)
Manager, ABC Supermarket PR8 4LY
Manager, Brough's Chemist'S
OX2 6JE
Manager, Brough's Chemist's
NGI 474--1

CURRICULUM VITAE
Name Anthony James Education and qualifications
1995 —
1996 University
5
Postgraduate diploma in
1991 —
1995 University
Second
class Honours
I spent
the year 1993 — University of Grenoble
10 1984
— 1991 Greenbank
Harrogate
3 'A' levels: History (A),
Employment
to date
2000 —
present Deputy
IS 15, Oxley Road, Southport
1998 — 2000 Assistant 19, Canning Road, Oxford
1996 —
1998 Trainee
Birkbeck
Centre, Nottingham
4 The following headings can also be included in a CV. I Which would you
include in your own CV?
2 Are
there any you would prefer not to include? Why?
       Address                     E-mail
address
             Telephone                             Sex
            Nationality                             Marital
status
       Publications               Date
of birth
            Interests                                 References
5 Write
your own personal profile and CV.

Remember
In a profile, highlight your key
  characteristics and skills.
Use a range of
  expressions, e.g. I am a and individual. / I possess good / excellent . .
  skills. / have a basic / sound / in-depth knowledge / understanding of In a
  CV, list your qualifications and work experience starting with the most
  recent.
Use
  headings, etc. to make the sections stand out.
Your CV should be no more than one
  or two pages long.

An argument

1

Read the argument and answer the questions.   Is the writer for or against zoos?
2 What points does she include to support her argument?

Not such a great day out?

2

Look ac the first sentences of each
  paragraph. What is

'Come and have a great day out at che zoo,' the

their purpose?

advertisements urge. Most major towns and cities have

3

Identify examples of the following features.

their own municipal zoo, and most of us can remember

1 An engaging first sentence.

childhood expeditions to go and throw fish to the
  sea-lions,

2 The use of questions to involve the reader.

5 crane our necks to admire the giraffes, and laugh at che

3 A thought-provoking final sentence

antics of the penguins. Yet how much fun do zoos really

4 Colourful details

provide?

5 Examples to support the argument.

There are, of course, many arguments In favour of zoos.
They provide us with the opportunity to observe in the
  flesh

6 Linking words to help the flow of the argument

10 animals that we could never possibly hope to view in the

4

Underline any other useful words or expressions for

wild. It is also commonly argued that zoos fulfil a

writing an argument.

conservation function, by allowing the safe and selective

5

Write an argument on one of the following topics.

breeding Of endangered species. And last but not least,
  they

                       Tourism

serve an entertainment purpose, supplying us with an

 Cloning and genetic engineering

IS alternative to fairgrounds and
  museums as destinations for

• Violence on television

family outings.

 Exams

Remember
Follow the
    pattern of: Introduction / Acknowledgement of opposing arguments /
    Explanation of your own views / Conclusion.
Start a new paragraph for each new section, and preview
    the content of the paragraph in the first sentence.
Use linking words, e.g. First of all , Moreover
    Another argument is . Finally, but do not over-use these.
Give
    examples and details to back up your argument
Make the writing more colourful by including engaging first and last
    sentences, specific details, and questions.

However, the facts reveal a different side to the
story. One has only to compare the pitifully short lifespans of animals kept in captivity with those of
animals living in the wild to 20 realize that a large proportion Of zoo-kept
animals are literally dying of unhappiness. Moreover, studies have revealed
that a number of captive animals also display psychotic behaviour; polar bears
in London Zoo, for example, have been observed to pace up and down in their 25
enclosures, a behavlour pattern totally unknown in thetr natural habitat.

There are
further compelling arguments against zoos. The contention that zoos can help conserve
endangered species IS surely refaced by che unsuccessful attempts in recent 30
years to mate the last few existing zoo-kept pandas, and by the appallingly low
survival rates of animals born in captivity. And as for the so-called
entercalnment purpose, how many of us have gone away from zoos feeling slightly
ashamed, with an ill-defined sense that we have somehow
35 been complicit in perpetuating the animals' state of captivity? Feelmg
that we haven't, perhaps, had such a great day out after all?
The fact is that there are, nowadays, a number of more humane
alternatives to zoos. We could, for example, take 40 our children to safari
parks, where animals can at least roam free and uncaged in a much larger area.
We could, in addition, encourage them to watch the excellent wildlife
programmes that are widely shown on our TV screens, and support the
conservation work that is being carried out In 45 game reserves in the animals'
natural habitats. In this way we could help foster a love of animals, without
needing to keep them prisoner in the sad, cramped, out-dated prisons that
continue to masquerade as places of entertainment.

A personal letter
Sydney, 12th April 2001
Peor Seraitla, sounds like you ve beetl having a
                                                      /
m 40m,' $0 hear about                  Thi I
5
breaking Up. / hope thitlgs ore ge+t-itlg easier flow 2still working at VLF_ herd to believe
/ ve been there Cor- almost three years. Where
does
-the -time go? Work is OK bv-r, as Vt.' might expec+, takes vp more oc            time
               shov[i I'm d0it1g 0                  oe
10 overtime, Which is quite •fir-illg
Still, -the job 's Secure, -the people / work With ve been -to Bali -twice
•this year, and in August, / wetl-t -t-o -the States with Melanie This
Christmas -the plan is -YO head back +0 hldonesio, with Melanie ana a
15
couple oc other people, bur this tille be to Lombog, which is supposea -t-o be
more like how Bali was Ci(teetl years ago, beeore too nvoh development got hold
oc The place. really [00kit1g Cot-ward -to if.
4 There are always oe social 20 occasions to keep me busy the evet1ing4,
but recetl+ly / ve been making more the daytime as well, get-ting ov+ about
Sydney. I've also *Net-I up have become quite Obsessive abou+ if/ No-+ -that
good at it, bv+ lice to revolve around the beach £vmmer, and
25 i+ s
a great way 0' meeting new people
5/ am
3ri-t-iSh, actet- all! / 100k a-t- the daily Corecas+ -Por IJK, and -then
everything Sydney seems OK with me/ / haven't been back England two years MOW,
and ly -the -f-hovgh+ oc going bock +0
30 those long dat-K doy4 and the damp
cold does tend                   pH me
(o  Mum and Pad are keeping in health,
ana are platlrling to come oft Cot- visit in the new year ae-i-er Dad retires.
uTet1ny i4 on -the poin+           handing itt her35 notice atld Star-ting vp a
                       / hope things work ovi- for
TO be hones* , / '-till aotl'+ Know
how
      Much longer / 'Il                     here
in Sydney My con-fract runs ov-t i"
March, and it
will be decision -time for me abov+ whether -to
40
stay here or move on / like if here          I'm get+ing itchy -Peet Ideally,
/'d like -1-0 •take 0           travelling iM Sovth

America, buf t16+ svre how Cem4ible -t-ho+ is -Pinancially
  see how thitlgs
How are
  yov? Have you qtli5hed
45 dissertation yet? How's the new job going? / hope Citid
  time to drop me a line With yovt- news I'd love to hear Crom 'KJV. Take care
  PVch love
Tim

1 Read
the letter quickly.
I What do you think is the relationship between Tim and Seraina? Why?
2 Do
you think Tim is happy with his life in Australia? Why / why not?
2 Read
the letter again.
What is
the topic of each paragraph?
2
Choose a suitable first sentence (or sentences) for each paragraph.
a
So what can I tell
you about me?
b
I suppose I should
mention the weather. c Sorry I haven't written tor so long. d It seems ages since I ast heard from
you e On the whole, life goes on much the same as ever. f My family are doing well g And what about the future?
h often think of you and wonder what you're up to. Travel is still a
passion for me.
Well, I've covered just about
everything now, I think.
k When
it comes to free time, I try to make the most of the weekends.
3   Group these ways of closing a letter
Into two categories, close and more distant, according to the relationship of
writer and receiver.
      Kind regards        Yours                  Love                    Lots
of love
     All my love           All the
best         Best Wishes With love
4   Underline any other words or
expressions that could be useful when writing a personal letter.
5   Write a letter to a friend in which
you describe your current life, recent activities, and future plans.

Remember
You needn't write your or your friend's address at the top, but it is
  customary to write the town and date.
Start the letter with Dear .                Don't
  say Dear friend,      Respond to news by saying, I'm glad / sorry to hear that . It sounds as
  if .
Start each
  paragraph with a suitable opening sentence.
Finish With
  an appropriate informal expression, e.g. Love .
If you have forgotten to mention
  something, you can include it at the end of the letter with PS, e.g. PS Give
  my regards to Chris.

E-mails

Hi Claudia
This is just to confirm
  my flight details. I'll be arriving at Heathrow Terminal 3 at 16.45 (Flight
  No. BM 310). Hope to see you soon! Alex

Dear Anna
Here's the agenda, as requested. 2
  Any comments or suggestions?
Meeting starts 2.15 in the Adderbury Room,
Kind regards
Paul

Cl

Just a reminder that we
  need the report on Fischer Mendel ASAP. 4 Any chance you could get
  it to me by 4.00? Sorry to rush you. Also, could you phone Colin in IT
  urgently re your password, as it's about to expire.
Neil

Dear All
I attach details of your shifts for
  next month. Please can you check carefully and get back to me if there are
  any problems.
Thanks everybody!
Mary Sanderson

Hello James
I'm afraid won't be able to make
  lunch tomorrow. Would weds be
Ha rriet

Hi there!
Thanks for your phone message. Sorry haven't been in
  touch for so ong - I've been laid up with flu. Seem to be on the mend,
  though.
                       No major
  news. We should hear any day about the house, so we're  keeping our fingers crossed. BTW
  have you heard from Mum

recently? Have been trying to phone her but no luck. Is she
  away??
Hope all is well with you.
Love, Jess

Dear Mary
Think
  you've forgotten I'm going to be away from the 18th. Can you swap me with
  someone else?
Thanks Moira

Thanks for your mail. Will be there!

Thanks for this. Could you make sure an item about room reservations is
  added? Thanks. See you at 2.15.
Peter

Hi, good to hear from you. Sorry
  about the flu, but glad to hear you're feeling better. Mum is in Ireland on a
  Tal Chi course. didn't she tell you ??! Must dash. Due at work in ten mins.
  Keep me posted about the house. Matt says hello. Cheers. Alyson.

1
Read the twelve
e-mails and match 1 to 6 With a to f.
2
Decide what the
relationship is between the people in each exchange. How do you know?

Remember
E-mails
  are often no longer than one or two lines,
Salutations are not always necessary, but Dear is often used
  if you have not met the person you are writing to Polite expressions such as
  Looking forward to hearing from you are only used in formal situations.
Requests are usually stated simply, e.g. Can / could
  you get back to me? Give me a ring.
If you are sending an attachment, say Here is . attach / I am sending as
  an attachment (a copy of
use abbreviations and remember you
  can often miss out words such as l, there is, it is, etc.

3

How many different ways can you
find
1 to start an e-mail? 2 to sign off?
4
Which words were
missed out in the highlighted sections (1 to 9) in the e-mails?
5
What do these
abbrevrations stand for?
Weds p.m.
mins ASAP BTW
6
Underline any
ocher useful expressions you can find for writing e-mails.
7
Write two e-mail
exchanges that you might have .
 I With a friend
2 In a
work or study situatlon,

17, Waiford st,
Burnfield BN8 2SA
The
  Director,                                                  17th April 2001
Sea Experience, s 12, The Promenade
  Plymouth
Dear Sir Or Madam
I
  am writing to enquire about windsurfing courses at your sailing centre during
  the coming summer. I would
10
  be grateful ifyou could send details of the dates Of courses in the month Of
  August, along with rates and reservation information. I would also be glad if
  you could answer the following questions:
1 Do you offer special
  rates for families?
15 2 Is it necessary to be able to swim
  in order to take part in the courses?
3 Are there any courses
  available for children under seven?
I enclose a stamped addressed envelope for your
  reply.
20 With thanks in advance,
Yours faithfully,
  lice Stevenson
Alice Stevenson (Mrs)

16. Acacia Avenue,
Merridale, Liverpool L18 5RE
The Manager.
Cranfield
  Mail Order, 5 Weston Rd.
cranfield CN2 5LF
Customer Number 37402480
20th October. 2000
Dear Sir or Madam,
10 Re Order for a waterproof jacket
I am writing regarding an order I
  placed with your company over six weeks ago for a waterproof jacket (Code
  Number HY2 / 346). I have tried several times to phone your Customer Services
  Department, but have either 15 received an engaged signal, or been asked to
  hold.
I sent off the
  order on September 5th, and unfortunately the jacket has still not arrived.
  However, I note that my VISA account has been debited for the amount of the
  jacket (£65).
20 | would be grateful
  if you could look into the matter. and dispatch the jacket as soon as
  possible, with an explanation for the delay.
I look forward to
  hearing from you.
Yours faithfully,
  25 Agnes Beale
Ms Agnes Beale

Seaton Hall
University
  of Exeter,
Exeter EX4 5TB May 3rd 2001
5 Dear Mr Evans,
I
  have been given your name by my college tutor, Dr Sean O'Brady, who said you
  may be able to help me with a research paper I am writing on Dylan Thomas. I
  understand that you were a close friend of his, and 10 have some letters he
  wrote during his final years.
I
  wonder if it would be at all possible for me to pay you a brief visit, and
  whether you might consider letting me have a look at some of the letters? I
  will be visiting Cardiff in the first week of June, and would be able to call
  in at any time during that week that is convenient for you. If you could
  write or e-mail to let me know when I could call on you, I would be most
  grateful.
I do hope it will be
  possible to meet you.
Yours sincerely,
20 (-9ustavo Espinoza
Gustavo Espinoza

Formal
letters

Sarah34,

Accommodation
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Princes
Language AcademyOxeord
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5
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March 2001
Pear MS
ávntl,
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writing response to yovr
[as-t Friday s Oxcord T,meg Cor hos-f-
10 students at your language school My hvsband / have recently retired
children have all lect home. As a rest,'l-t -time on our hands and wou d be
happy core-agtl gtvdetlf Itl-f-o ovr home We have
15 room, which is no-t- large, bV-t i' qVite hovse is a
-three-bedroom semi a quiet area, atld i4 on a bys rOVte +0 -the city cot,' [d
provide good home 000kit19 Aid 4 o+mosphere
20 PO -telephone us on to arrange a
-time to ViSi-t-
/ 100K
Gorward -to hearing Crom you
Read the
four letters. In each case, decide whether the main purpose of the letter is
1     to request informatlon.
2     to make a complaint.
3     to make an offer
4     to make a request
Underline
expressions used .
 to state the purpose of the letter.
2    to make a request
3    to make a complaint
4    to make an offer,
5    to request information.
6    to say you are sending something with
the letter.
7    to finish the letter.
When do
we use Yours sincerely ... and Yours faithfully ? Write one of the following
letters.
1    a letter to complain about problems
with an airline.
2    a letter to request Information about
a language school.
3    a letter to invite someone to speak at
a meeting.

Remember
Notice the
  different places to write your address.
When writing to a company, write the name, position and address of the
  person you are writing to.
Open and close your letter appropriately, e.g. Dear
  Sir, Yours faithfully
State the purpose of your
  letter at the beginning, I am writing to enquire / complain / apply for /
  invite / thank etc. I am writing regarding / in connection with / in response
  to... .
• You can state the subject of the
  letter using Re (see letter 1)
Make polite requests, e.g. I would be (very) grateful / glad if you
  could / t wonder if it would be possible Could you please
Finish with an expression, e.g. I
  look forward to hearing from you / With thanks in advance.

A report
This report has been written to inform the local community of the results
of an investigation into the use of the new cycle track between Ferry Road and
the city centre, which was carried out in the first week of March
5 2001.
The purpose of
the investigation was to determine how
I
2 Identify these sections in the report.
Aim of
report
Background
information
•    Findings
•    Conclusions
•    Action points
Find and underline
1    examples of passive and impersonal
structures.
2    expressions used to quote statistics.
3    other useful expressions for writing a
report.

successful
the track has been in meeting the needs of the people in the Marston area, and to
discover any 3 Write a report on an investigation into the use of a problems
that may have been experienced by its users. local facility, e.g. a library,
youth club, or sports centre.

REPORT ON THE FERRY ROAD CYCLE TRACK

Remember
Give the
  report an informative title,
Follow the structure: Aim I
  Background information / Findings Conclusions I Action points.
Use
  sub-headings for each new section.
Use passive
  and impersonal structures, e.g. Questionnaires were distributed , the
  following recommendations have been made  , It was agreed / felt/ found that
  Use bullet points or lists where appropriate. Avoid giving personal opinions.

Questionnaires were distributed to
cyclists throughout the week. Respondents were asked to supply biographical information, and were
asked for what purposes and how frequently they used the track, how satisfied
they were with it, and whether they had any 15 suggestions for improving it.
It was found that the track is mainly used for the purpose of commuting
to and from work, but is also used for leisure and recreation. Most users fall
into the 20 — 50 age bracket, and surprisingly few schoolchildren use the 20
track. It is used on a regular basis by most people, with fewer than 10% of
cyclists saying that they used it once a week or less.
The investigation also revealed that over 80% of users were satisfied
with the track overall, with one in five of 25 these claiming to be very
satisfied. Reasons for satisfaction centred mainly on the fact that it provided
a safe alternative to car use, but a substantial number of replies mentioned
the fact that it cut journey times to work, and provided a welcome escape from
traffic30 clogged and polluted roads. Regarding improvements, one third of respondents referred to
the unsatisfactory lighting at night, and a small number commented on the need for resurfacing on certain
stretches of the track.
Overall, it appears that the track is fulfilling its purpose of 35 providing a safe alternative route
for cyclists in the Marston area. and that the vast majority of its users are satisfied with
it.

As a result of the investigation, the following
recommendations have been made:
40 that the council should investigate
the lighting and take appropriate measures to ensure that it does not fail at night.  that resurfacing should take place on
two stretches of the road.
that the Cycling Officer should liaise
with local schools to encourage more children to use the track to travel to
school.

04 SO WHAT IS IT YOU DO?
Speak out Student A
Read your roles and check any new words In a
dictionary. Ask B what his / her job is and say what you think it
involves. Swap roles.
1 SUB-EDITOR
     You work on a magazine which gives
details of the television
programmes
on all channels.
     You are responsible for editing the
descriptions of films / programmes supplied by production companies and press
offices, and for writing captions for photos
     You have to keep to tight deadlines
and you often work anti-social hours.
2
SYSTEMS ANALYST
•    You work for a software company and
are currently involved in a transport systems project.
Your main role is to help people understand what a particular
computer
system can do so that it can be designed in the most effective way for your
project
•    You work as part of a team and a lot
of your time is spent liaising with other team members.
05 LOVE AT FIRST SIGHT?
Speak for yourself Student A
Check your collocations. In pairs, ask and answer the
questions.
I Would
you ever go on a blind date? Why / why not?
2    Do you ever read the lonely hearts
column in the newspaper?
3    DO most people in your country see
marriage as a lifelong commitment?
4    1-IOW would you define a soul mate?
5    Have you ever been / wou d you ever go
to a singles bar?
05 LOVE AT FIRST SIGHT?
Reading Student B

Read the text and make notes to
answer che questions.
The airis thick with sweat, scent, and
anticipation as a thousand of Berlin's loneliest hearts cram into a tent to try their luck at Fisch sucht Fahrrad (Fishseeks
Bicycle), the city'snost popular singles party. As they cruise along
the dance floor, the men and women. most in their thirties and forties, take a discreet look at the number each one wearson their
chest. Interested parties can leave messages for one another on a giant notice board. but the numbers can also identify advertisers
in the lonely hearts pages of Berlin's top listings magazine, offering
prospective partners the chance to make an anonymous assessment oftach other's
physical charms. 'It saves you the disappointment you often feel whenyou meet
someone through an ad and it means no one has to say no to you face to face,'
says Stefan, a thirty-nine-year-old office worker who admits he has been
hunting for a long-term partner for over two years.
An alternative IS to advertise in the paper. The city's leading tabloid
runs regular profiles of 'Berlin's most eligible bachelors', with photos of melancholy-looking
businessmen in vast, empty flats. Most of these eligible men claim they are
yearning to meet the right woman, settle down.
Berlin's new breed of singles are happy the way they are and have no intention of letting love
interfere with their successful. high-powered lives. 'The idea of
looking at the same partner every evening bores me to tears. It's better to see each other twice a
week, but intensely,' says Maria Bohne, a thirty-year-old arts administrator.
This sentimentis not shared by Norbert, who is among hundreds of singles
Who  week on Spreekanal, four television stations in the city that fill hours
of airtime each day with lonely hearts videos. Norbert is forty-four,
overweight, and balding, and he is waiting impatiently for Fräulein Right
to come along and share his social life. 'She should have long, dark hair, and
I like a woman to show her legs, so short skirts, please. And she Should have a
personality just like mine.'
Fish seeks bicycle The name of the venue comes from the expression 'A
woman needs a man like a fish needs a bicycle'
I Which
three ways of meeting a partner are described in the text?
2 1-IOW do Stefan, Maria, and Norbert differ in what they are looking for
from a partner?
08 FARAWAY PLACES
Speak out Student A
Read
the text and highlight the points which appeal to you, things which don't
appeal, and anything you are uncertain about.

POPEYE GUEST HOUSE

In a
fabulous location right in the heart of Cangalute, the liveliest resort in Goa. the newly
built Popeye Guest House offers simple, comfortable accommodation. All around you local life goes
on and the family next door keep chickens and pigs in their back yard. It's a
familiar sight to see a whole family of pigs and goats parading through the
streets. This is definitely the place to mingle with the locals, and get a 'real feel' for
Goan life, and the friendly hotel proprietors are renowned for their hospitality
and for taking an interest in their guests. The gorgeous Cangalute beach is just a stone's throw away, and at night you can hear
the waves gently lapping against the shore and the breeze whispering through the palms; perfect for early morning walks
and moonlight dips. The hotel is located close to local shops, restaurants and
discotheques. The guest house has its own rooftop restaurant, with homely local
cuisine, and a café / bar is planned for next season. The rooms have twin bedrooms,
ceiling fan, and spacious ensuite shower with hot water and WC. Great value for those on a budget.
09 CAUSE FOR CONCERN
Speak out
Read
the proposed solutions for cackling che problem of juvenile crime.
I a Invest in an early intervention scheme, whereby socia workers identify children at risk of
getting involved with cnrne.
•    How could such children be identified?
•    What would be done with the children
at risk?
b
provide more sports and recreation facilities in the town
•    What exactly would be provided?
•    HOW would this help?
2 a Increase funding to the local police force, to
recruit more police officers and implement a liaison scheme between the police
and local schools.
•    What exactly would the police do?
•    How would this solve the problem?
b Set
up a community service system, whereby prisoners help in the community instead
of going into prison.
•    What exactly could the offenders do?
•    What problems might arise and how
could they be overcome?
Investigate and set up a system of
restorative justice, whereby young offenders are forced to confront the Victims of their crime.
Who would administer the scheme, and what would it involve?
•    How would it help solve the problem of
crime?
•    What problems might arise?
b
Invest in a job creation scheme to increase employment opportunities.
•    Who would administer and finance the
scheme?
•    How would it work in practice?
1 1 OUR CLEVEREST
INVENTION
Reading Student B
Read the text and
note down the main points that the writer uses to support his argument.

The Internet is a fabulous new
institution;instant, current, vast, and global, For up-to-date knowledge about
the state of the  world now, electronic data may represent a new and exciting way of
reaching information. But the book still has a successful career ahead of it.
Bear in mind that no new technology has entirely supplanted an old one:
It is
scarcely surprising that we have a deep emotional attachment to the book. After
all, it is the most potent artefact ever created by humanity. It is a
masterpiece of design: it's virtually indestructible, portable and versatile,
but above all self-contained. No expensive hardware, intervening- software, password or
downloading stands between the human eye and the printed page. The book can
very effectively stand up for •tself against electronic media.
For a
wide range of uses, the book is ideal. For novels, poetry, plays, biographies;
for linear reading, rather than intermittent consultation, the book is best.
Books for the bed and beach, disks for details and data. And don't forget: the
Internet may have grown massively, but more books are being published now than
at any time in history. How's that for staying power?
The
Internet has a lot going for it. So has the book, because it's still our
cleverest invention, and we shall not, and need not, do without all its
wonderful features.

17 AWAY FROM IT ALL
Reading Student B
Read your text and
find words / expressions from ex.l on p.S6.

I don't know if it happens the other way around, but almost everybody who lives in the city
sometimes thinks of leaving it. Stuck in a traffic jam, squeezing onto the underground train, pushing a buggy at
noxious exhaustfume level along a crowded street, we imagine a more innocent world, where the horizons are
wide and the air pure, where birds sing from the tree tops.
Of course, the countryside isn't
natural any more; it is manufactured and tame. The forests have gone, the coasts are eroded by global warming.
There is oil on the beaches, pollution in the rock pools. Farms have become agrochemical production sites, as
industrial as a factory making computers. In these rural-industrial sites, the countryside has been abolished; the
hedgerows where wildlife flourished have been wiped away, and pesticides have
meant the death of hundreds of species of insects and birds and wild flowers. Motorways
and A-roads thunder through little villages; you can be in more danger from
cars on country lanes than in the towns. Whole communities have died out in the
country. There are villages without shops or pubs or churches which are just commuter corridors. You can live
by a farm and yet only be able to buy fresh fruit and vegetables from the huge supermarkets.
Yet I am very
glad to be leaving the city. I don't want to

be in the swing of things really, in
the grip of fashion and speed and ambition. I won't miss the city where everything is carved up by roads and
dual carriageways, and with mile upon mile of houses, factories, shops,             broken windows, untended gardens,
stations, industrial wastelands, great rubbish dumps, scrap yards, plastic

bags flying in the dirty wind, cemeteries, and walls covered with
graffiti. I dream of the sensuous and earthy

smells
of the countryside; wet grass, pigs, flowers,

mulched
leaves, the salty east wind, autumn bonfires.

I long to be in the garden, sinking my
fingers into the earth, getting my hands dirty at last. I imagine evenings, after work is done, when we can all
drive to the coast

and
walk on the shingle beaches.
Maybe we'll all go mad in the country,
or maybe we'll end up saner and more contented. Maybe in a year or two we'll return and
be back in the crowds dreaming of        escape. But maybe we won't.

The Observer
17 AWAY FROM IT ALL
English in use Student A
Describe
photo 1 to B and listen to their description. Discuss how you think the place
has changed, using expressions from 11.59. Then swap
roles with photo 2.

19 ABSOLUTELY
UNBELIEVABLE!
Speak out Student A
Look
at the photos and prepare to tell two holiday anecdotes.

20 A BIT OF A PROBLEM
Speak out Student A
Read your information and acc out the
telephone conversations. You have five minutes per roleplay to reach agreement.
Swap roles after each one.
Roleplay
I Phone Student B
You have recently had a shower installed by a local plumbing firm. A week
after it was installed the water started running hot and cold. You are going to phone
up to complain.
Think What do you want the firm to do? What compromise are you prepared
to accept?
Roleplay 2 Student B phones you You work for telephone bookings of
American Airlines. You do not deal with on-line bookings.
Think How will you deal with queries
about on-line bookings?
Roleplay 3 Phone Student B you ordered a coatfrom a mail order company
and it was sent to you a month ago. you have not worn it because it is too big. You want to return it, but
you realize you have passed the twenty-one-day limit for returning goods. You
phone the mail order company.
Think
What will you say to persuade them to take back the coat?

21
TALKING PICTURES
Reading
Student A
Read about the
films showing at the Phoenix cinema.
Decide what kind of
film each one is and underline words used to describe them.

Director
Nick Hurran
Starring
Brenda Blethyn, Julie Walters,
Kris
Kristofferson, George Costigan 6B 1998 95 mins
Receiving a standing ovation following its
premiere at the Sundance Film Festival,
Girls' Night is a beautifully acted,
genuinely moving and uplifting tale of friendship and new beginnings. Jackie
and Dawn leave their monotonous factory jobs behind
them every Friday when they go for a girls' night at the bingo. When Dawn wins
£100,000 she shares her winnings with Jackie, giving her best friend the
chance to finally leave
her husband and her irksome job. For Dawn,
however, her luck is overshadowed by the  knowledge
that she has cancer. When Jackie
discovers Dawn's secret she impulsively whisks her
away for a dream holiday in Las Vegas where they live it up, amongst the
rhinestones and Elvis impersonators, until reality
finally breaks in. With a conscious nod towards Thelma and Louise, Girls' Night
cleverly steers clear of sentimental
schmaltz in favour of heartfelt emotion, largely thanks to
the humour and honesty of the script and powerful performances by two of
Britain's best loved actresses.
Director
John Boorman
Starring
Lee Marvin, Angie Dickinson
USA
1967 92 mins
One of the definitive films of the late
60s,
John Boorman's masterful adaptation of
Richard Stark's The Hunter. Clearly
influenced by Boorman's European sensibilities
and bearing comparison to Godard's Alphaville, Point Blank is an
enigmatic thriller, a compelling look
at man in the urban jungle and crucial in the
 development of the cinema's portrait
of America as a complex of organized
crime. Lee Marvin, arguably cinema's most

intensely powerful tough guy, gives his
finest performance in a riveting account of a dying gangster's fantasies of
wreaking revenge on the faceless criminal organization responsible for his
demise in which the actual and the imaginary are perfectly joined through
flashback and elliptical editing.

Director
Woody Allen
Starring
Kenneth Branagh, Leonardo
DiCaprio, Melanie Griffith, Judy Davis,
Famke Janssen, Winona Ryder, Charlize
         Theron,
Joe Mantegna, Vanessa
                 Redgrave, Hank Azaria
                    USA 1998 1 14 mins
Filling the role norma y reserved for

writer/director
Woody Allen, Kenneth Branagh plays the neurotic lead:
aspiring screen writer and would-be novelist
Kee

Simon, whose lack of success takes a
toll on his marriage to Judy Dav's. As a divorced single, he embarks on a
course of serial
flirtation and encounters with famous

women,
acquiring a literary-agent girlfriend in a determined attempt to turn his life around
and gain celebrity status. A star cast includes
Leonardo DiCaprio playing a tempestuous young fl m star and
Melanie Griffith as a breezy actress. Made on
a budget of only $800,000 this stylish black and white feature offers a rueful,
hilarious take on the pursuit of fame and
success.

Saving Private Ryan

Director
Steven Spielberg
Starring
Tom Hanks, Tom Sizemore,

            Matt
Damon, Edward Burns
                    USA 1998 168 mins
Savage, harrowing, and at times
utterly breathtaking, Saving Private Ryan is
Steven Spielberg at his very best. In many
ways a natural progression from Schindler's
List,

the
film follows six American soldiers on a secret
mission through occupied France in search of a private who is to be sent home

on compassionate grounds following the
death of his three brothers.
Reluctantly the

men search for Private Ryan,
frustrated that they are being sent on a PR exercise at such

a crucial stage in the battle, but as
the war rages around them, their determination
to ensure that this is not a futile mission grows.

Already, and justifiaby, being hailed
as one of the truly great war films, its
claim rests largely on a truly stunning twenty-sixminute opening sequence of
the D-Day landings, a piece of film-making of
such outstanding technica v' rtuosity, emotional force, and palpab e terror
that it is difficult to imagine how anyone could commit anything mote powerful
to film. Simply masterful,

Director
Shekhar Kapur
Starring
Cate Blanchett, Geoffrey Rush,
Christopher
Eccleston, Joseph Fiennes,
Richard Attenborough, Fanny Ardant,
Kathy Burke, Eric Cantona, Vincent
Cassel,
John Gielgud
                     GB
1998 122 mins
One
of the most original and intriguing period dramas of recent years, Elizabeth is
a beautifully filmed, densely woven historical thriller, which focuses on the
turbulent times surrounding the accession of Princess Elizabeth to the throne
and the early months which shaped her into the legendary Virgin Queen. Drawn to
the script by the astonishing modernity of Elizabeth's character, Bandit Queen director
Shekhar Kapur has created a darkly vivid tale Of intrigue, conspiracy, and
betrayal, revolving around a powerful performance from Cate Blanchett as the
increasingly independent Elizabeth forced to make the difficult choice between
personal happiness and her responsibilities as queen.

04
SO WHAT IS IT YOU DO?
Speak
out Student B
Read your roles and
check any new words in a dictionary Answer
A's questions about your job and swap roles. 1 INDEPENDENT FINANCIAL ADVISER
•
You
workfor the financial services side of a private bank in the
City of London
You are responsible for your own list
Of both corporate and individual clients
•
You
advise on a Wide range of issues including pensions, Investment, and tax
planning.
2 RESTAURANT MANAGER
•
You
work for a four-star hotel chain in one of their two hundred-seater London
restaurants.
 You
are reponsible for the smooth running of the restaurant as well as the training
and recruitment of the kitchen and walting staff.
•
You
work every evening and Sunday lunchtimes.
08
FARAWAY PLACES
Speak
out Student B
Read che text and
highlight points which appeal to you, things which don't appeal and anything
you are uncertain about.
Bangaram
ISLAND
RESORT
The
resort is made up of thirty simple huts built in blocks of
four, but we'd like to warn you that the walls are of tissue-like proportions,
so that any loud neighbours will be heard by all and sundry, and could be a
major source of entertainment or irritation! The
rooms are simply furnished, have twin beds, telephone,
ceiling fan and ensuite shower and WC, with hot water
connected to the shower only. There is a dining hut by
the beach, where all meals are taken in buffet style. At least once a week
there is a beach barbecue, and the chef
will happily cook for you any fish you've been lucky enough to
catch on one of your fishing expeditions. Note that this
area is well known for its fishing industry, and you can
expect the occasional smell from the traditional fish
drying process. After lunch you'll most likely want to have a
little siesta, and one of the many hammocks suspended from the palm trees around
the huts is the ideal place. Emphasis here is on natural beauty and simplicity;
a parad ise for sunworshippers, divers and snorkellers, and anyone who
wants to get away from it all and have a
relaxing 'no frills' holiday.

05
LOVE AT FIRST SIGHT?
Speak
for yourself Student B
Check your
collocations. In pairs, ask and answer the questions.
I Do you think the concept of an eligible
bachelor still exists?
2
What
do you think about arranged marriages?
3
Is
there such a thingas Mr or MS Right?
4 In your country, do people usually
get married in church or With a civil ceremony in a registry office?
05
LOVE AT FIRST SIGHT?
Reading
Student C
Read the text and
make notes to answer the questions.
Abjhit Banerji, a chartered
accountant, and his wife Moona, a GP, were both born and brought up in Gerrards
Cross, a wealthy suburb of London. The couple are both Hindu Bengali from
similar castes, and their marriage was arranged bytheir parents. Moona, thirty-four,
says. 'l was brought up with the idea that when luaS ready to get married, if T
hadn't already net somebody, I would be introduced to suitable matches. My
mother always said -it didn't have to be someone she found for me. But I
decided I wanted to meet a partner like this, because I wanted to marry someone
Who was ultimately of my background and culture that -l•vould be able to
understand.' Abjhit, thirty-six, agrees. 'It never even occurred to me to go
aboutmarriáge any otherANay. I knew instinctively that I would have to
settle down With someone who shared my Set of beliefs:
The couple 'discovered' each other
through the extensive Asian 'network'. A mutual friend suggested compatible and
put the parents -in touch with each other. Then Moona, accompanied by her older
brother, met Abjhit and his sister at a restaurant' 'It was a nice way of
breaking the ice: saysAbjhit. 'On
a traditional date, you're on your
own. 3utOe knew ourfamilies were behind there was none of the initial
awkwardness. The basis of the introduction is thatyou are meeting someone for
-a lifelong Commitment and that -is
crystal- clear right from the
-start.'
Neither felt under any pressure to
feign affection or to force the match touork. Moona explains, 'The first time
we met it was just to decide whether we actually wanted to speak to each other
-again. There was no need to flirt or chat each other up or pay compliments.
Ifue hadn't liked each other, that would have been the end Of it.'
Moona and Abjhit have no doubt that
they will play an important part in the marriages of their own -children.
Abjhit says, 'We feel it -is our duty to help our children at that momentous
time of -their lives when they want to settle down. That's the last thing you
have to do for your children; marry them off to the right person.'
What are the advantages of arranged
marriages mentioned in the text?
2 What was different about their first
date?
08 FARAWAY PLACES
Speak out Student C
Read
the text and highlight the points which appeal to you, things which don't
appeal, and anything you are uncertain about.
The
Park Lane offers simple, clean accommodation just a couple of minutes' walk
from the beach. A five-minute walk along the beach will take you to the nearest
autorickshaw and taxi station where you can take a taxi to the resort centre;
or, for the more energetic, it can be reached by a leisurely stroll along
Lighthouse Beach. The park Lane has a lovely courtyard decorated with cane
furniture, surrounded by plants and with an overhead passion fruit trellis,
where you can relax in a peaceful atmosphere with a good book, a long cool
drink, and an interesting selection of local foods. Each room has its own
spacious, modern bathroom, with WC and shower (cold water only). The staff are
extremely friendly, and if you can't stand a cold shower, they will boil up a couple of
buckets, and deliver it right to your door. A penthouse in Park Lane it's not, but what it lacks in facilities it more
than makes up for in character and tranquillity, and provided you're not
expecting the Ritz, we think you'll love it. Please note that access to Park
Lane is by a steep uneven path followed by a five-minute walk along the beach,
and is not suitable for those with walking difficulties.
17 AWAY FROM IT ALL
English in use Student B
Listen to A's description of their
photo 1 and then describe your photo 1. Discuss how you think the place has
changed using expressions from p.59. Then swap roles with photo 2.

19 ABSOLUTELY
UNBELIEVABLE!
Speak out Student B
Look at the photos
and prepare to tell two holiday anecdotes.
20 A BIT OF A PROBLEM
Speak out Student B
Read your
information and act out che telephone conversations. You have five minutes per
roleplay to reach agreement. Swap roles after each one.
Roleplay
I Student A phones you
You are the manager of a small plumbing firm. All your plumbers are fully
booked up for the next ten days. It is company policy to take responsibility
for the work of the plumbers, but complaints about materials should be
addressed to the manufacturers.
Think
HOW are you going to deal with emergency requests?
Roleplay
2 Phone Student A
You
have bought a plane ticket to New York over the Internet,

but you have not yet received confirmation by post of
the booking. You are anxious, because the fight is tomorrow. You are going to
phone American Airlines.
Think
What exactly do you want from the airline?
Roleplay
3 Student A phones you
You are the customer relations officer for a mail order
clothing company. your policy is not to accept returned goods after 21 days.
Think
How far are you prepared to bend company policy for the sake of good customer
relations?

21 TALKING PICTURES
Reading Student B
Read
about films showing at the Phoenix cinema.
Decide
what kind of film each one is and underline words used to describe them.

My Name 6 (Joe
Director Ken Loach
Starring
Peter Mullan, Louise Goodall,
David McKay, Annemarie Kennedy,
David Hayman
UK 1998 105 mins
Despite often having the reputation
for being worthy and a tad depressing, Ken Loach's films are distinguished by a
warmth and genuine love of humanity, ensuring that they are, in reality, surprisingly
uplifting in their celebration of human strength,  resilience, and wry humour Much Of
the heart of his latest film, My name is Joe, lies in the performance and charisma of
Peter Mullan, who justifiably won the award for Best Actor at Cannes for his portrayal
of a charming, unemployed, lonely man whose main love is coaching a
particularly talentless football team. He glimpses a new and potentially better
life when he meets Sarah, a social worker involved with some of his football
team. As they gradually come  together, the realities and complicat•ons of life both bind them and
threaten to split them up. Gritty, honest and compelling, the film's passion,
warmth and life sweep you along to the heartbreaking devastating ending. Simply marvellous.

Director Franco Zefferelli
 Starring Joan Plowright, Judi Dench,
Maggie Smith, Cher, Lily Tomlin,
                        Michael Williams
                Italy 1 GB 1998 117 mins
With delightful performances from an
impressive cast, Tea with Mussolini is the  gentle, moving, and beautiful tale of
a group Of rather eccentric expatriates determined  to remain in Florence as Italy heads
towards war. In the midst of their world, the group

meet for tea every day, attempting to
maintain a little corner of Britain, with  complete, if deluded, faith that
Mussolini will- protect them. Renowned for visual splendour in his films, legendary
Italian

director
Franco Zefferelli has captured the delicate beauty of the Tuscan landscapes as
well as the determination of a group of  British ladies.
A Simple Plan
Director Sam Raimi
Starring Bill Paxton, Billy Rob
Thornton, Bridget Fonda
USA 1998 121 mins

A tense, psychological
thriller set in snowy Minnesota, which earned Academy Award nominations for
best supporting actor and best screenplay based on previously published
material. Brothers Hank (Thornton) and Jacob (Paxton) come across a plane
wreckage in their ocal woods and find $4.4 million in cash. They decide to keep
the money and agree to split it when the snow thaws. While one brother
wants to keep the money, the other struggles with his conscience and a string
of blunders bring the police on the trail. A gripping tale of greed, paranoia,
and distrust from Evil Dead director Sam Rami
North by Northwest
Director Alfred Hitchcock
Starring
Cary Grant, Eva Marie Saint,
                           James Mason
USA 1959 136 mins
Opening with Saul Bass' snappily funny
credits sequence, the delightful comicthriller North by Northwest is perhaps
Alfred Hitchcock's most perfectly realized film. Cary Grant gives one of his
finest performances as the self-satisfied, suave ad exec who is mistaken for a spy and
finds himself pursued by enemy agents convinced that he knows too much. Based
on a script by Ernest Lehman, it is the quintessential chase movie and a
compendium of its director's cinematic trademarks; ingenious shots, subtle
malefemale relationships, a dramatic score by Bernard Herrmann, bright
technicolour insider jokes, witty symbolism, and masterly orchestrated
suspense. Interweaving themes of paranoia, isolation, and sexual anxiety with responsibility and
redemption, the film is a bizarre tightrope between sex and repression, nightmarish thriller
and urban comedy.

eXistenZ
Director David Cronenberg
Starring
Jennifer Jason, Jason Leigh,
Jude Law, Willem Dafoe, Ian Holm
USA 1999 96 mins
Smoothly
blending horror and black humour, David Cronenberg returns to more familiar
territory after Crash, with his first original screenplay since Videodrome. In
a not too distant future. a group of people assemble for a seminar to test a
computer game and meet its designer, Allegra (Leigh). Minutes into the first game, a member
of the audience pulls out a gun and fires, wounding Allegra, who escapes with a
security guard (Law). Disconcerting, playfully absurd, and great fun.
TRRINSPOTTING
Director Danny Boyle
Starring Ewan McGregor, Ewen
Bremmer, Jonny Lee Miller, Kevin
McKidd, Robert Carlyle, Kelly
MacDonald
GB 1995 91 mins
The
Shallow Grave team's hilarious but
harrowing
screen adaptation of Irvine Welsh's powerful, comic, cult novel. Capturing the
surreal tone of the book and using much of its obscenity splattered language,
Trainspotting, whilst acknowledging the terrible, destructive side
of
drugs, is about the decision to choose life. Intense, bleak, horribly
realistic, and very, very funny.

01
NICETO MEET YOU
   Excuse me. Is anybody sitting here?
I'm
afraid it's taken, actually.
2
Have you been
wait•ng long?
No.
only about ten minutes.
3
Mind if join you?
Go ahead.
4
Do you know when
the next bus is due?
In about half an hour think.
S Lovely weather!
Yeah,
beautiful, isn't It?
 Have you got change for a fiver by any chance?
I
haven't I'm afraid. I'm sorry.
7 Have you got the time?
I make it twenty to.
8 These trains are always late, aren't
they?
Yeah, they're not very punctual. are they?
A Ah!
Henry. Allow me to introduce Ed Bamber. Ed's in charge of our overseas
division. Ed, this is Henry Goodfel Owa who's just joined us from B How do you do.

C Nice
to meet you.
2
A
Do you two know
each other?
B
I don't think so C No, I don't think we've met, have
we?
A Tim, this is Louise. Louise, Tim. B Hi. Nice to meet you, C Yeah. you too.
A Tim's just spent three years travelhng around the
world.
C Ah, a
globe-trotter.
B Yeah,
that's right, I
3
A
Sarah, have you
met Philippa? Philippa and used to share a house together.
B
Actually, your
face looks familiar But don't think we've actually spoken, have we?
C
Yeah, you look
familiar too. Where do I know you from?
B Mrnrn. You don't play badminton?
c 4
A Angela, can introduce Ingrid, an
ex-colleague of mine at Pegasus?
 We're old friends. actually.
C Yes, Angela and were at school together.
5
A
Excuse me. Can I
introduce myself? My name's Clare Hardy. I'm doing a research project on Ted
Hughes, and understand you've just written a book on him?
B
Oh, yes, that's
right, A Well, was wondering
6
A Hi. I'm Naomi. B                  Hi, I'm Tom
A
Great party.
B
Yeah.
A
Can I get you a
drink?
B
Oh, thanks. Gin
and tonic, please. With ice.
02 TIME
FLIES
Well the thing is, it takes me about, erm, two hours
each way on the train and then another twenty minutes on the underground, so by the
time get home in the evening after a full day's work, I'm completely exhausted and. er, really
don't feel like doing anythlng. apart from having something to eat and then
collapsing in front of the TV. don't do any sport and hardly ever go out during
the week.
2

I have to
get up really early to get JO. my eldest, ready for nursery, and at the same
time make Sure that Sophie is all right and that she gets some breakfast. So,
by the time I've taken Jo to nursery on the bus and then come back and dropped
Sophie Off at the childminder round the corner. it's already about 9.30 and
then I have to rush to get into work by 10.00. And, er, in the afternoon it's
pretty much the same thing in reverse order and bv the time the kids are in
bed, I'm ready to fall asleep myself.
3
I get up at about 6.30 because my school's a long way
from where live and I have to get the bus. And then I get home from school at
about 5.00, watch a bit of TV if I'm lucky, and have to start doing my homework. I usually get about two
hours' homework a night, so if I don't start by 6.00, it's difficult to finish
in time and have supper and be in bed by 9.30.  wish could see my friends in the
evenings but there just isn't enough time.
03 FOOD
FOR THOUGHT
It just
seems to me that children these days don't get a balanced diet any more and
they grow up with all sorts of health problems as a result. And schools have
got a lot to answer for: they offer far too much choice in their canteens
without actually educating the kids. And far too much junk food on the menu and
you'll find a lot of the kids just going for that so all they're getting is fat
and sugar with no guarantee that they'll get a decent evening meal.
And then, if they take packed lunches, you find that
parents will give them crisps and chocolate and fizzy drinks anyway, so they're
no better off. I mean, I'm not saying that it's better to be force-fed school
dinners like I was but there must be some way of making sure these kids at
least know what a balanced diet is.
You see these images of families in the old days, you
know, all
Sitting round the table, um, er, the kids eating what they're given because
that's all there was. Um. everyone eating the same food at the same time and
actually talking to each other sometimes.
Um, you know, sometimes that's pretty
unusual in my family unless It's a special occasion. ET, there'll be my eldest
watching the tel y in the lounge with her dinner on her lap, um, er, there's my
youngest lying
on the floor upstairs watching something else. Um,
and then my husband tends to come In quite late so
he
hardly ever eats at the same time as the rest of

Oh, and l
ife would be a lot simpler if they'd all eat the same things without
complaining about it all the time. Oh, honestly, tend to end up cooking three
different meals, yeah, either Sara's on a diet or off
eating this and that or Josh is going through one of
his phases of only eating chips and beans. You know, and then my husband always
wants a big 'meat and two veg' meal because he never gets to eat anything but
snacks during the day, So. um, oh, by the time I get to think about What I
want, I've lost interest!
bhdell,
there's, like, my mum. my brother, and me and, like, we almost never eat
together especially during the week. mean, get home from school around 4.30 or
5.00 and I'm always starving because school food is so rubbish. so just, like,
grab some toast or biscuits or something. Then my brother gets in around 5.30
'cos he goes to a different school and he's always in a rush to go out and play
football. or see his mates, or whatever. So. by the time mum gets in from work,
we've both kind of lost interest in food so whatever she makes, and she's,
like, a pretty good cook, whatever it is we end up kind of picking at It in
front of the telly or my brother has it later when he gets in. kind of feel
sorry for my mum: that she always makes us something because she feels she
should but, um, to be honest I'm not that bothered about food, sitting round
the table and all that.
'Cos my mum gets in late, sometimes. like, make my
brother something to eat if we're in at the same time and once I remember spent
ages making a really nice lasagne, all with, like. the proper vegetables and
sauce and stuff and he just, like, looked at it and sort of spread it around
his plate and that, and then just, like, refused to eat it. And mean, I felt
just like my mum must feel and kind of yelled at my brother and made a big fuss
and chucked it all in the bin.
04 SO
WHAT IS IT YOU DO?

Mark

So what do you do for a living Russell?

Russell

I'm a fashion photographer.

Mark

Oh, right. So, um, does that mean you take pictures of models all over
  the world?

Russell

Actually, yes it does, yes. I um, l,
  take fashion and advertising images and I also

direct, er.
  so l, work within the mediums of film and photography.

05 LOVE AT FIRST SIGHT

has praised Mr Gardener, saying that
  he had been an outstanding Foreign Secretary. He will

Mark

Wow! So how long have you been doing

continue to represent his constituency as a

that?

     You're looking smart today!

Member of Parliament.

Russell

About, er, I would say about ten years in

2 I like your jacket. It really suits you.

2

The Minister for Overseas Aid. Ms Rosemary Long,

total „

 Wow! You look absolutely stunning!

IS to meet her European counterparts in Brussels

Mark

So what brings you to England right now?

4 Mmm, nice perfume,

tomorrow to discuss a package of measures

Russell

I'm err here meeting with a chap on, on, er,

5 This is really delicious. You're such a good cook.

aimed at cancelling debts Owed by the world's

'nvolved with the funding and, eri

6 What lovely flowers!

poorest countries. Ms Long has insisted that

production of a film that I'm
  working on

  wasn't that a great party!
 You're so good at organizing
  things.

stringent criteria must be met by developing countries
  before their debts could be written off.

These include the establishment of democratic

Russell
Mark

So what is it that you do, Mark?
Well I've got
  two jobs. One is Management Training, and the other is composing music for film and (Llhuhl Lim, it's a
  little bit of a juggling act at the moment. because I'm

06 HERE THE NEWS

forms of
  government, and guarantees that any future aid donated by developed
  countries would be channelied to those most in need, and not into the pockets
  Of corrupt leaders.

Reports are coming in of an earthquake in an

not making enough from my music
  career, and I have to keep some funds corning in                        so do
  Management Training
I work with all kinds of household name businesses over here and usually
  work with small groups af managers in the area of improving communication,
  eri communications, Inter-relations, er, teambuilding, problem-solving, that
  type of area, um, and l ive been doing that for about twenty years or so.
  But I've always been musical, and I've been a performer in the

outer suburb of San Francisco. The quake, measuring on the Richter
  Scale, struck at 2.00
a.m. local time. Although the exact number Of casualties has not been officially
  confirmed, it is feared that at least thirty-five people may have been
  killed. and the death toll is likely to rise. Hundreds more may have been
  left homeless or injured. Meanwhile, the suburb has been declared a disaster
  area, and rescue workers With sniffer dogs are being flown to the scene in a
  desperate race against the clock to rescue people trapped under the rubble.

3

The supermarket chain, BCC, has announced that It's to eliminate GM
  ingredients from its own brand products from next April. Other supermarkets
  and food producers are likely to follow suit. The move follows customer
  pressure to ban foods made from genetically modified crops, replacing them with
  GM-free alternatives. According to the supermarket, the biggest problem
  facing them will be the eradication of genetically modified soya, since up to
  60th of processed foods contain soya, most of it from the United States.

past, and, um, about seven or eight years ago started composing and,
  urn. I've done bits for the BBC, did a wildlife series a few months ago
  (Uhuh) er, I've done bits for um, I've done a, an art piece, done music, a
  ten-minute piece for an art film

2

The government has announced a
  crackdown on the publication Of pornographic and racist literature on the
  Internet A package of measures has been unveiled, which include imposing
  fines on Internet providers who authorize web sites                       containing
  material considered offensive. or unsuitable for children. Opposition
  politicians have attacked the plan, claiming that the

4

Scottish authorities have given
  assurances that there is no risk to the public after a reported breakdown in
  a nuclear power station near Strathclydc last night. Officials at the plant
  say there was a minor malfunction in the central operating system of the
  plant, They told reporters that there had been no leak of radioactivity, and
  that there is no cause for alarm

A

What do you do for a living, then?

measures would be too difficult to enforce. The

B

an Editor. urn. work for a TV listings

proposals have also come under fire from civil

New research suggests that drinking coffee may

magazine, you know the ones that tell you what's

liberties groups. who say that freedom of

increase the risk of heart disease and strokes.

on what channel and when.

expression is a basic human right, and that

Scientists at Sussex University have found that

2

individual governments should not be allowed to

both filtered and unfiltered coffee
  can pose a risk

A

What have you been up to work-wise?

censor material published on the Internet.

to health, and not simp y unfiltered
  coffee, as had

B

Well, actually, not that much. went
  on a trip to

3

There is grave concern in Birmingham over

previously been believed.

the States a couple of months ago
  but since then

speculation that the city's largest car plant may

2

A pet cat has survived after going through a

it's all been rather quiet,

be sold off to an unnamed multi-national

complete washing cycle in an
  automatic washing

2

company. Unions have warned that the sell-off

machine. The cat's owner had said he didn't

A

So, er. how long have you been doing thatr then?

could lead to the loss of thousands of jobs, and

realize that the cat was in the machine when he

B

Ever since I left university really. I started off

are due to meet the management of the company

loaded it up before going to work. The cat is

working in the box office and then gradually

later today for urgent talks on the company's

reported to be dazed but unharmed.
  According to

worked my way up.

future.

its owner, it is now making a full recovery, and is

4

4

There have been violent scenes in central London

cleaner than ever before.

A

How's the job going?

as police clashed with demonstrators who had

3

Passengers on a flight from Gatwick
  to the Isle of

B

Era fine, but, er, it's all a bit stressful at the

gathered outside the Houses of Parliament to

Wight were delayed for almost three quarters of

moment. you know, what with the merger and all

protest against the abolition of student grants.

an hour, when the plane had to
  circle the airport.

the staff changes.

Police say that four people were detained for

Later, officials apologized to passengers, saying

5

alleged criminal damage, and a further ten for

that the delay had been caused because the air

A

How did you get into that, then?

cnminal trespass. The organizers Of today's rally

traffic controller was out to unch at the time.

Well, by accident really. I had an uncle who

say the aim was to hold a peaceful

4

Armed robbers who broke into a designer

worked in the business, and one summer went

demonstration,
  and blamed the violence on a minority of people not involved with the student

footwear shop in Manchester last
  night got away

to work there just to get some experience of

with a haul Of boxes containing only left shoes.

working in an office and it just went from thereŽ

organizations.
The Foreign Secretary, Andrew Gardener, has

The owner of the shop explained that the right shoes were
  out on display at the time.

A

So what year are you in now?

resigned from the cabinet following allegations

5

The Bank of England will announce later today

B

Year twelve,

about his private life. Mr Gardener is understood

whether it's to increase interest rates. which are

A

And what subjects are you doing?

to have handed in his resignation in a meeting

currently at five and a quarter per cent. Unions

B

English literature, economics, and religious

with the Prime Minister earlier today. The

have warned that an increase could threaten

studies.

allegations, which have been widely reported in

manufacturing jobs and further damage the

A

And, how are you enjoying that?

the press, centre on an alleged relationship with

economy

B

Yep. like it. They're all very interesting.

an eighteen-year-old nightclub dancer. Mr

A

And, er, what are you planning to do
  after you leave school, do you know?
 want to take a gap year and travel
  a bit and then maybe go to university afterwards. but I'm still not Sure

Gardener. who
  is married with four children, has refused to comment on the rumours,
  insisting that he was standing down bedause he did not wish to cause any
  further embarrassment to the government or to his family. The Prime Minister

Offences of dishonesty and violence.

5

A

Right, um,
  what do you thlnk causes them to turn

A

Excuse me, I wonder if you could help me. I'm

to crime?

A

Have you heard the news about Ian and Linda?

looking for Hayfield Road.

B

Well. as usual, We would have to say a full range

B

No, what's happened?

B

Eri sorry, I'm a stranger here myse f.

of problems. Erm, you could list the following

A

Apparently they're going to split up.

A

Oh. er, OK, thanks.

factors as one or more of them being present in

B

Oh no! Oh, what a shame! And they seemed so

6

all young men. One is family breakdown, eri

happy together.

A

Hello, North-West Raili how may I help you?

where there's
  been divorce or breakdown between

A

Yes. well apparently „

B

Oh. um, hello. Erm. I'm ringing to enquire about

parents and um because most of the young

2

times of trains to Manchester.

men here we
  find have been brought up either by

A

Hey, guess what! I've just been invited to spend a

A

Er, when are you travelling?

one parent or by two parents who've had a very,

week With Terry on his yacht in the Bahamas!

B

Ermr want to travel on Friday at around 5

um, poor relationship and they've not provided

B

Oh wow. luckv you! All right for
  some! When are you going?

o'clock

the proper care and love for that
  child. so it's, there are family problems behind first.

3

A

Yes?

Um secondly, is poor housing and poor social

A

Are you OK?

B

Oh, hello, I wonder if you could help me. I'm

conditions and poverty which they're in. Um,

B

No, I've just had some bad news actually.

looking for information about car hire.

thirdly. um, is, um, unemployment, an un.._, an

A

What's the matter?

A

Sorry, we don't actually keep
  details of car hire.

inability to get work, for a lot of
  these young

B

I've just been given the sack.

You'll have to ask at the car hire
  desk. But I'm

men. they, um. get excluded from
  school, there's a

A

Oh no. Poor you! What happened?

afraid it's shut at the moment.

whole pattern, a common pattern where people,

4

Oh no. Do you know what time it
  opens?

um, even the bright ones, might get excluded

A

Sorry, couldn't tell you, I'm
  afraid.

from school because of misbehaviour, or because

A

Dave Was telling me that Alex has finally got her
PhD

8

they can't learn, they may be dyslexic, they may

B

Oh wow! Good for her! When did she find out?

A

Hello, Downside City Council,

have problems with learning, they
  get excluded from                         around with

B

Hello, I'd like to speak to someone
  about rubbish

          school, hang                        other
  kids at risk,

5

collection.

um, then start taking illegal drugs in a lot of

A

Have you heard, there's supposed to be a rail

A

Hold the line please. I'll put you
  through to

cases, um, or they take alcohol too young and

strike tomorrow.

Environmental Services.

that goes to their head.

B

Typical. Just when I have to get to
  Edinburgh

Approximately a third of young men here, for

6

08 FARAWAY PLACES

example, are here for crimes to feed
  a drug habit.

A

Hey, you'll never guess what I've just heard.

So, either heroin or crack, urn, especially for the

B

What?

over-eighteens, less so for the under-eighteens.

A

Lynne's going to meet the Prime Minister,

A

Mm. Windamere Hotel. I like the sound of this

But certainly that's in line with police figures

B

She isn't, is she? When?

one.
Oh yeah, what's it like, then?

from outside. So it's a combination of family and social
  problems, um. unemployment, er, drug

A

They were saying on the news that
  scientists have

A

Erv it says here, 'The most refined and popular

abuse, er, inability to control, er, figures have

picked up signals from Mars,

place to stay in Darjeeling, the Windamere is the

shown also a high number of kids have been

You're joking!

perfect spot if you are looking for a little old

abused. err either sexually or violent abuse from

A

Yes, it's true. Apparently they
  think there may be

world style and relaxation.

parents, usually from a father. Um, lack Of

some form Of life there.

Oh, that sounds good.

consistent good fathers IS a key feature of the

A

And lis..„ listen to this, um, 'Open fires lit each

lives of most of these young men,

07 HAVEN'T A CLUE

night er, blah blah blah blah
  afternoon tea served on the lawn.' (Mm) rather fancy open

A

Rght, um, they mentioned things like, um, money. (Yep) How
  important do you think that is,

fires in the bedroom.

wanting to live the high life, and

B

And I like the sound of afternoon tea on the

B

Wanting to live the high life, there's tremendous

A H' Paul. have you any idea where
  Ann IS?

lawn. That's very civilized. What are the rooms

B Er, Ann, um           I'm not
  absolutely sure, but I've a

like?

peer group pressures, err er, you know the, um,

   feeling she may have popped out
  for a sandwich

A

Er, err it says here, ah. 'bedrooms are basically

you know, tramers, all the flash
  gear. these cost a lot of money, the   to show

A
  Oh right Any
  idea when she'll be back?
B
  Well, she's got
  an appointment at 2.00, so she

furnished, with private shower (cold
  water only) and WC:

pressures to conform, that you can,
  er, live this high life, are very great

should be back by then.

B

Hrn, I wonder what they mean by 'basically

On young people, and getting. er, that money

A 0K, thanks.

furnished'.

legitimately when you've emerged from school even if you've
  stayed on at school with the right

A

Mm. don't, I don't really fancy the idea of cold

qualifications to get decent employment, to give

A Jane, you don't happen to know
  Amy's e-mail

showers.

a regular legal income is very hard, so the

address, do you?

Yeah, sounds a bit too spartan for my liking.

temptation to cut a corner IS             very
  acute.

B Not offhand, I'm afraid. Tim might
  know.
A
  No, he doesn't,
  I've already tried him.
B
  Have you tried
  asking Personnel? They Ought to

A

Still, the idea Of an 'Old colonial
  mansion' is quite appealing, I must say.
Um, how much does it cost?

very

know.

A

Er, it doesn't say. You have to send away for a

A

     I'm in here because, urn, done a
  armed

A Oh. that's a good idea. I'll give
  them a ring.

price list, I suppose.

robbery and it was for the money it was the

3

Well. maybe we should e-mail them and find out

money, simply the money, that's it.
  was broke, so

A Excuse me, could Vou tell me if
  this is the right

the prices.

 had to go out there, do you get me?

platform for the London train?
     No love, you want number five.

A

Yeah. yeah, let's do that.

B

I'm in here
  for supplying heroin (Uhuh). I wanted to make money and live a good life.
  That's why I

A 0K, thanks very much.

09 CAUSE FOR CONCERN

basically done it. There's a lot of money involved.

 You're welcome, love.

C

I'm here for robbery and possession, just for

4

A Who comes here, and what, what
  sort of, er,

earning some money, man .

A Excuse me. do you know if there's
  a vegetarian

offences have they committed?

restaurant round here?

B Er, young men are sent here by
  courts who have

A

 .l've had a lot Of opportumties in
  prison, Of

 Oh, err let me see. Er, yeah, as
  far as I remembere

committed really the full range of
  offences below

getting myself out of there, to
  college, and

there's one on, er, Broad Street, next to Marks

murder or, although we have had actually people

getting qualifications, and thought
  to myself,

and Spencer's.

here for manslaughter, um. so the, the most

while I'm here, I might as well use up my time, so

A Sorry, I don't suppose you know if
  they serve

common offences are robbery and burglary Car

I Was just sitting in my cell and . I think it's

vegan food too?

crime, car thefts as well, er- dishonesty. We don't

done me the world of good,
  basically,

  Er, no, sorry, no idea, I'm afraid

have any sex offenders here, there are other

A Right, thanks anyway.

places that take sex offenders. But it's mostly

I've gone to college, yeah, but I
can't really concentrate because I'm in prison, so I'm not rea Iy learning
nothing, basically. 'Cos when I

         come back and I try to do
homework, can't do it,                     through cho ces, of thinking how to
get the best                         You know, there's a whole conversation
„ play something you know how it is, it's hard                    out
of situations, rather than, um, follow their                   around it, but
in France it's not like that at you see. so I'll have to really wait till I get
out                       impulses.         all. (Isn't it?) You just go up,
and you say 'cos you can't really concentrateWhat has worked and been proved to
work are                'Have you got a light?' (Uhuh) and they don't 3what are
called cognitive behaviour programmes      say anything at all just (Nothing at
all?),
A
Another thing, can
I say something? (Yeah) You with some of them, that despite all the factors I
there it IS, and that's it, you know, and that's know this prison, like, I'm
not saying this prison, have mentioned. we, there are Some offending really
disconcerting (It is a bit) if you're used prison actually, like, any prison,
is a university of behaviour programmes that do work, that do to all the, all
the chat and crime. You come in knowing about one cnme, tackle people's, um,
compulsiveness to offend, Lynne Yes, uhuh, mean I find something like that
true, yeah? compulsiveness to take decisions before they quite, quite difficult
to get used to (Yeah)
B
Yeah, true.   think,
um, not to think of the consequences. And   because we're so very different
(Mm) Anyway,
A
You come in
knowing about one crime, and you programmes also that address their lack of            what I was, where was l? What was
going go out knowing about ten. employment skills. If people are given, um,           to
say was, one of the things she tried to get
B
True, true.   qualifications,
if they can emerge from, er, any      at, one of the points she was trying to
make
A Cos you're mixing With criminals, yeah, event day,                      college
or prison or anywhere With qualifications  was that we need to think about how
we 'Oh. do you know how to do this', yeah? Easy.                     that equip them for
the job market, that means,                  show respect and to do that we
need to B You come in here. say you come here for a in a lot of cases, basic
education.
robbery or something and then you're
on your It has been proved that, um, something like 12 HOW WE MET Way out, you
might be thinking, I'll go straight or ninety percent. for example, of the
young prison something. then, there's because there's so many population, because of their lack of
basic Hanne So, how, how did you meet David?
people with different crimes, you
might think 'Oh,                    education, are not equipped to even apply
for       Jane                  Well, was going shopping one day, I'd been  might be able to do that, I might be
able to do                 ninety percent, about ninety percent, of the jobs                    living
in East Oxford for about five years, that.' It's crazy, man.         available
to them. so there's a huge educational     (Yeah) with
A
It is, it is.
That's the skills you learn in prison.   programme needed. (Hm. Hm.) And it all
proves    having a boring my two sort boys, of weekend and l i d doing
been some
B
thought I knew it
all, yeah, but when comethat the two factors that, er, make a difference to     painting (Yeah)
and. and thought, 'Well, it's jail, don't know nothing. people's chances when
they come out of a prison   time to go out and stock
4                                                                                sentence
for example, is, one, getting Into work.     Tom was about to have his up
eighth on some birthday,things.'
A
Yeah, but
you've got, like, different kinds of work,                    Employment is the
key indicator, And secondly,    (Oh right) so was getting some birthday do you get me? You've got work that
don't pay                      having a strong family support. some kind of,                      stuff
(Yeah) um. so I set off to the you nothing, and the work that they re going to      whether
it's a partner or a parent some                supermarket. And then was
trundling try and give us, like, when we get out, yeah.constructive help outside. Those two
factors are               around Sainsbury's with my trolley, when not really
qualified, yeah, so, when we get out                    the key indicators.
research have shown. Without  suddenly, um. this rather interesting-looking
we're gonna have to do them stupid Jobs. yeah,                    realistic
chances Of employment, and getting into  man appeared at the ice cream counter
(Oh and you don't make the money that we could be              work, and
without family Support, um, people, the          no) yeah, and he

     doing on crime.                                                            temptation
to drift back into crime is                    Hanne What, shopping as well. or
working there?
B

'Cos when we
get out of here we're going to have overwhelming. Jane No, I think, well, yeah,
he was definitely a criminal record, so, basically, we're at the back shopping.
(OK) He'd got a trolley (Right) and of the queue Like, who wants to employ an
ex- 10 WHERE WAS t? he sort of hung around a bit and helped criminal? Would
you? That's how it is, that's how himself to some ice cream and, um, talked to
it is. (Yeah) so, like, we suffer, like, every way, me about what sort of ice
cream I wanted, We've come into prison, our families suffer, we Lynne Anyway, as was saying, I went to
this really and why was I buying it. suffer. We go out of prison, can't get a
jobinteresting seminar the other day, (Oh yeah) Hanne b'Vhat, he just, he
just started talking to you? about cross-cultural awareness.
5                                                                                Jane         Yeah,
amazingly friendly, I thought [Mm,
                                                                                Colin       Oh,
hang on. that's, that's the one with the
B You can have                                                           yeah).
Urn And we established that I was   Romanian woman?
A
It's fashion,
innit? It's not fashion for               to get the          Lynne Yes, up at the university.
[Uhuh) And it was having a party for my son. and that herd got
money, but, the styles that we're popping. and                 really strange,
because she was saying that   a son as well, and, um. then Off I went and what
we want to be driving, that's money, you                  did some more
shopping and filled up my
even the most normal thing can be
quite get me. you've got to pay a lot of money for that              trolley
and then when I got to the
different in different societies. stuff
.checkout Colin                   What do you mean?
B
Well it was
important, very important to me    Lynne Well, for example, the guy behind us
who    Hanne And he went another way?
before, but now I think back. it was before. 'cos                       was married to a
Hungarian woman, he was         Jane                  Yeah, (Yeah) and there he was again, urn,
needed to live a good life, so nice car, but now                   right behind me (Oh)
and we had a chance
saying
that whenever his wife think that it's not that important family, her family,
err whenever rang they up werehis to do a little bit more talking and found out

D What's made you change your mind, do you                    talking, if
someone was talking for a long   that he'd got three sons and I'd got two sons
think?          (Right) and I checked out his finger and.
time, they never interrupted each
other. said 'No', 'Really', Oh, I see',
B
Family. Family's
more important than anything. never                see if he was married, and
he didn't seem toto
No money can buy that, no money
Seriousbe and nor was l, and so this was getting
and things like that.
That's what
I've earned in prison.Colin What did they say? quite interesting (Right, yeah) but then of true)
Blood weighs more than money. To me course it was time for me to pay, (Mm) so
Lynne Nothing. that's true Yeah, don't know .packed up all my, my shopping and
went Colin Nothing at a l?
C
It's true,
it's truetowards the door thinking, 'Oh, that's a
Lynne Absolutely nothing. Erm, because if you do, if you say all these
sorts of things that we        shame, I'm never going to see him again'
A
What do you think
IS the best option for, um, normally say. then you find that the person (Yeah,
exactly) and then I suddenly realized I rehabilitating young offenders? thinks
you're rude, and they think you're was going to see him again because hadn't
B
The best option is
certainly not to bring them into                   trying to stop them and to
interrupt them,           paid, so I had to custody. because they learn too many.
um, tricks. and it's really annoying.              Hanne Oh no, (I know) what,
because you were

They learn, It's, that in, in, some
ways, however Colin                You know what, that reminds me of, of                talking
to him and you'd just walked off? good a liberal prison, they still, the...
they still,                      France actually, because when (Really?) first Jane                  know.
yes, not the sort of thing I usually they are contaminated. So people who come
here                  went to France, you know how in England if          do.
So I had to come back and quickly get we find as first offenders, they will
learn things                      you ask for a light, (Yeah) you know, if
you're        out my cheque book, and I was very that they wouldn't have
learned outside. They get a smoker like me, and you ask someone in            embarrassed
because I exposed, it is a very negative environment. Sothe street for a light
(Yeah) you go up and   Hanne And was he still there?
um, think that what has been proved to work is, you
say, •Well, excuse me have you got a             JaneYeah, [Oh no) and I
thought, 'Oh, he's going outside, um, a lot of these young men have               light?'.
'Yes, certainly, here you are', (Uhum)                   to think she's really
a criminal not paying for terrible problems of self-control. of thinking                   'Thanks
very much'. You're welcome'. 'Bye'.           her. her shopping.' So l, paid
eventually,

and, and (Right) went away and thought, 'Oh, what a
shame, I go to parties and meet (Yeah, exactly) extremely boring men and here's
an interestlng-looking guy in
Sainsbury's,
and I'll never see him again: So I went home, (Mm), did a bit of painting, and
decided I wouldn't think anything more about it (Yeah) and then about eight
o'clock that night he telephoned. (NO) Yeah.
Hanne
The Sainsbury's guy?
Jane       Yeah. And it was amazing
because wasn't I'd only just moved house so I wasn't in the directory and what
he'd done (Yeah, how had he done it?) he'd, he'd found out my name by looking
at my cheque book when I (Right), when I wrote my cheque (Oh God clever) and
then. um, rung Directory Enquiries. found out new numbers, tried tried a few, a few numbers before he
d'scovered that and finally
Hanne So he tried completely wrong numbers? Jane                      Yeah,
asking for Jane Bingham and being
told off by fierce fathers and things. And then finally
he got through to me and asked if I'd be very brave and go out to dinner with
Hanne
Oh, that's so romantic.
Jane I
know. So, um, I did go out to dinner With him and was a bit nervous because
you're not really meant to go on dates with people you've picked up in
supermarkets. And told a few friends I was, what Was doing. And then he turned
up with a great big bunch of flowers, and I could tell it was all going to be
all right. Hanne And it was all right?
Jane     It was fine.
Hanne
Oh. that's fantastic.
Hanne
And talking about romantic stories, l ive, I've got one too. but
it's, it's not about me, it's about a friend of mine (Mm) who. um, was working
out in the Algarve with me in, in Portugal. And I think told you, vvhen I was
there we used to all go out in plane loads (Yeah) and I was one plane load in
front of her and she, she was sitting at the airport and she'd been. she'd had
a few drinks and she was feeling quite depressed 'cos she'd sort of had quite a
bad time man-wise recently, and a lot of people had let her down, and she was
just feeling a bit down in the dumps. (Yeah) You know she think she was
thinking, 'Right, this is it, 'Il go to Portugal and I'll leave it all behind: she went to check in. to get On the
flight and everything, and she went through the second part of the check-in and
there was this pretty nice man Sort of (Mm) doing the passports and doing the
tickets, and er, she looked at him and she thought, 'Ooh, well you're, you're
really attractive, I think you're great', and they had this eye Contact moment
but, but nothing else really (Yeah) and then she passed on and sort of thought
'Well, that was nice, but that was it.' Anyway, she flew out to Faro, landed,
came through the passport Check-out thing again, picked up her luggage, came
into the arrivals hall, and there he was. (You're joking.) No, there he was,
the man from Heathrow.
Jane         How did he get there?
Hanne
Well, he, apparently he'd, I don't know how it worked logistically but he'd got on
another plane, 'cos there were lots of them
golng that day for the season, and he'd managed to get
there first. And 'cos obviously he can Just, he's, he's an official at the
airport, he could just run straight through. And the best thing was that he'd
gone and collected all the sort of welcome flowers (Yeah) that all the health
clubs give you (Yeah) and he'd got them all in a great big bouquet and there he
was, the doors sort of parted and there he was with this great big bunch of
flowers and (Amazing) they're married as well now. but living in Portugal Jane    Really romantic. Fantastic.
Have, have I told you about the time was trekking in
the Andes? Well, yeah, it was about six years ago and, um, was climbing up
through the mountains, and aiming to stay overnight in a base camp a base camp
is one Of those places where the mountaineers stay before they attempt the
summit of a mountain Anyway, I'd been trekking al l day I was quite tired, it was
getting late, quite dark, quite cold . I got to the top of the mountain, and didn't have a
tent with me because I'd read in my guidebook that, urn, there are huts where
you can stay when you get to the top, mountaineering huts . and sure enough, there were several
little huts um but they were all full of mountaineers and I Went round knocking
on all of the doors saying, 'Look, um. I've come here without a tent. can stay
in your hut please? . and thew all said 'NO, no, I'm afraid it's
 So I went away and thought. 'What am
I going to do? Am I going to just sleep out in the open and freeze. or am going
to try again?'... So decided to try again and I knocked on um, one hut and I
said 'Look, please can share your hut with you?'                       and they
said 'No. I'm sorry, the hut is full but, um, we do have a spare tent, and if
you like, you can stay out in our spare tent.' So fortunately was able to sleep
in the tent, um, and was OK, but it taught me one thing, and that is, don't
believe what you read In guidebooks.
13 HOW
CAN I PUT THIS?
A
Hey. who's been at
my chocolates?
B
Not me.
A
Oh, come On, bet
you have. There was five here this morning. There's only one left.
B
Well, OK, l, I did
take one.
A
Oh, it doesn't
matter.
B
It was really
nice. A It's OK

A
You know we
arranged to play squash this evening?
B
Oh, you're not
going to say you can't come, are you ?
A
Well, the thing
is. I've got so much work to do that I'm going to have to stay here till about
eight o'clock.
B
Oh, never mind.
Hon about another night?
A Yeah, well, shall we try Thursday?
That might be better,

A
Um. you know that
Beethoven CD you lent me?
B
My favourite one?
A
Yeah, um. I'm
afraid it's got a bit scratched.
B
Oh no, you're
Joking.
A
well, l . unless
it was alreêdy like that? Um, I'm, I'm really sorry.
B
I'm sure it wasn't
like that. Oh well, don't worry.
A
B 4
A
B
A
B
A
5
A
B

A
B
A
6
A
B
A
B
A

A

A
B
A
B
A
B
A
2
A
B
A
3
A

A
4
A

A

I, I'll get you another one. Thank
you.
Anna. um, have you got a moment?
Um,
yes, yes, fine. What did you want?
The thing is, um, we have to reach this deadline On
Friday. and we're running Very close. Would you mind working overtime this
evening and tomorrow? A couple of hours extra? um. I'll have to phone home
first, but that should be OK. Thats great.
Hi, Oonagh. How are you?
Fine. How are you?
Very well, thank you. Um. I've got a
couple of tickets for the opera. I wondered if you'd like to come along?
To the opera? Um, that's really kind of you, but, to be
honest, I'm not very keen on the opera. Oh, OK Oh well. never mind.
Gerry? Yeah ?
Urn. I've got a bit of a problem. The
thing is, my babysitter's just cancelled and I really need somebody for
tonight. Could you see your way to doing it for me?
Well,
l, Greg, l i d love to help you out but I'm afraid my cark broken. I
can't, can't get there.
Oh dear, that's a shame. Thanks anyway
Oh. Melinda, (Yeah) do you want a hand with the washing
up?
No, it's OK. thanks, can manage this
myself.
I'm going home your way today. Would you like a lift?
Oh. would that be all right? Wouldn't be too much
trouble?
No, that'd be fine. There's plenty of room in the
Erm, yeah, that'd be great. I haven't
got any money for a taxi, so fantastic.
Could I ask you a big favour?
Sure,
what's the matter?
Well
the thing is, my neighbour was going to feed my cat while was away on holiday
but unfortunately she had to go away herself. I don•t suppose there's any way
you could feed the cat for me, is there?
You know I said could lend you my car
thlS weekend Yeah, is there a problem? Well. yeah, you could say that You'll
never believe what happened last night      was just pulling away from the
traffic lights when this idiot crashed right into the side of my car. He'd obviously
shot straight through a red light.
Have you got a moment?
Um, sure, what's the problem?
Do you think you could explain how I can copy this document into this
folder? I've been trying for ages but can't seem to do it.
I've got a bit of a problem
Oh dear, what's happened?
I've got a friend from Italv,' coming
to stay at the weekend but the ceiling in the room has

spare collapsed

 Oh no. what a nightmare!
A I
don't suppose she could sleep at your place. could she? She's very nice, you
know
5
A    You know that book you lent me
B    Yeah
A Well,
I'm really sorry but I was reading it in the bath and I dropped it in the water
it's OK but the pages are a bit curly!
6
A    I don't quite know how to put this,
but you know
B    What's the matter?
A Well.
it's about the holiday. I know I said you could come along with us, but the
thing is, Jake's already invited his girlfriend and I don't see how we're all going to fit
in the car.
7
A Er, there's something I've been meaning to tell you .
 What. what's the matter?
A    Well. you know John and I have been
seeing quite a lot of each other lately?
B    Yeah
A Well.
the thing is, we're a bit more than just friends now.
8
A
I'm afraid I've
got an apology to make.
B
Oh?
A I'm afraid I've accidentally spilt coffee on your carpet. I'm really
sorry. 14 WE'VE BEEN HAD
part 1 Newsreader
And
finally. the story of Edwin Sabillon, the little boy whose epic journey from
Honduras to New York and his quest to find his father won the hearts of the
nation. It turns out that Edwin was telling a tall tale. When police efforts to
trace his father failed, and news of his plight hit the national headlines,
police discovered that the only part Of Edwin's Story with any grounding in
reality was his journey from Miami. where he had been living with his Aunt
Aurora for several years. The rest. it seems, was the product of an Over-active
imagination and the age-long desire to strike it rich on the streets of New
York. Officer Granger from the New York Police sums up the reaction of the
force at having been taken in by the ten-year-old. Officer Granger
Well,
what can I say? We've been had. Some people might say this makes us look kind
of dumb, but I guess you could say it shows we're not just hardnosed cops. We
have this reputation of being tough. of being hard-hearted, street-wise, and
all the rest, but we try to help folks when they're in trouble, we have a heart
the same as anyone else does. so I guess thereS a silver lining for us there,
part 2 Newsreader On the streets of downtown Manhattan, reactions were mixed.
I think
it's a shame. I honestly believed he made that journey. I felt sorry for the
kid, you know, he was an orphan, he was down On his luck, I guess I feel kinda
let down.
I feel disappointed. to be honest with you. It seems
like you can't take anyone at their word nowadays. Everyone's just out for what
they can get, they trick people. they tell lies, and everyone thinks. wow, that
sure is smart. He made up all those terrible things about his family, and
now he's going to get away with it. And not just get away with it, he's gonna
be some kind of big celebrity. I think that sucks. We've got all our values
upside down. if you ask me.
c
I
believed him. I genuinely believed him. Now he's made everyone look stupid, you
know what I'm saying? And the cops? They've really got egg on their

I'm
glad for the kid. I'm glad people have reached out to him. like. offered him
money, offered him clothes. sent him roller blades, all that stuff, like they
said on the news. People in New York have really taken him to their hearts. I'm
proud we're such a fine bunch Of people.
I say
good luck to him. He's an enterprising kid, he fooled the New York Police.
Jeez, he took us all for a ride. With an acting talent like he has, he deserves
to do well. Maybe he'll go on to win an Oscar, maybe he'll write a
best-selling novel, hey. who knows? He's got a good future ahead of him, that's
for sure. Newsreader
And it
seems that Edwin's future is indeed now secured. The New York Police Department
have been flooded with Offers to adopt him, including one from the taxi-driver
who rescued him. Edward Basora. And as for the NYPD. the whole episode has
revealed a human side that is not usually on display.
A
I knew a guy who
lied every daw
B
What. you mean he
was a compulsive liar?
A Well. he felt he had to lie, because
he was so embarrassed about losing his job. and, er B Hang, hang on, how did he lose his
job?
A    Well. he had a disagreement over a, a
pay rise. (Right) It was in Japan, and it was very shameful to, cr. have lost
your job, and he couldn't face, um, telling his wife's family that, er that he
was without a job
B    What, so his wife was Japanese?
A Yes, his wife was Japanese, yeah, And, um, he went out
of the house every day at the same time as if he was going to work, carrying
his briefcase, and came back at the same time.
3 So.
so, hang on, what was he doing then, if he was going out?
A
He was just
looking for work and, er, going to interviews and talking to people trying to
find a job. sitting in cafés. And he wouldn't be able to come home until
he would normally come home at the end of his working day.
B
So what happened
in the end then, did he find a job?
A He found a job, and, er, his behaviour didn't change
he just kept going out to work at the same time.
15 BEHIND THE WHEEL
Ladies and gentlemen, the motion we are debating this
evening is. do cars do more harm than good? And clearly, the answer is yes, on
a number of counts. First and foremost, cars are responsible for the deaths Of
100.000 people a year, and leave Over 50,000 people seriously injured.
Secondly, on pollution grounds alone. the car poses a major threat to our
planet and our health. Exhaust emissions from motor vehicles are hastening the
deaths of' up to 24,000 people each year, and indeed forcing many other people
with respiratory ailments, such as asthma. to stay indoors for large parts of
the year. We can no longer open our windows, and instead have to use air
conditioning; and as we know, CFCs from air conditioning are a major cause of
climate change. And then there's the issue of congestion. Cars not only clog up
the streets and make life unpleasant for shoppers, tourists, and pedestrians.
but they are even failing to transport us quickly to where we want to go. Rush
hour traffic jams cause thousands of motorists to arrive at their workplaces
late and in a state of advanced stress, and at their worst can lead to road
rage; and in Bangkok it's impossible to make more than one business appointment
a day because you simply can't guarantee that you'll arrive on time. Cars also
impose a financial burden in terms of health care; the thousands and thousands
of pounds of taxpayers' money spent on treating people with respirator,'
ailments and the victims of car accidents; and in terms of congestion, which is
costing the economy C15 billion every year in London alone. And finally, we
need to think about the effect cars are having on our environment. There is no
doubt that cars are starting to destroy our entire way of life. We are ripping
out the heart of our historic cities to build more roads and ugly multi-storey
car parks; and we are cutting through Whole swathes Of unspoilt countryside to
create noisy pollution-producing motorways.
Because of cars, huge. out-of-town
shopping centres have grown up that are killing the corner shop, taking the
life out of our city centres, and we are making life increasingly difficult for
the old, the poor. the elderly, the disabled, and indeed for anyone who's not a
car-owner. In short, ladies and gentlemen, it seems to me that unless we
restrict the use of cars, we are simply going to exacerbate the problem.
What we should be doing is using public transport and our legs more, and
using our cars less; for the sake of our health. our culture. and indeed our
planet. Thank you,
B
Ladies
and gentlemen. it's quite frankly absurd to
suggest that cars do more harm than good. Cars enhance people's lives,
they're great liberators, and they give people choices. NOW, people will argue
that cars cause pollution. Of course, nobody wants pollution, nobody wants
congestion, but it's simply
not fair to put the blame ort cars.
Cars these days are getting much much cleaner, and much quieter and safer too,
for that matter,
What is mainly responsible for
pollution is the diesel engine. Diesel emissions actually contain forty of the
most carcinogenic substances known to man, and as we all know, diesel engines
are fitted in buses. As for congestion, well, no doubt you've all heard
nightmare scenarios of gridlocked roads, traffic at a permanent standstill. but
this could eas'ly be solved by building more roads where they're needed. And
it's simply not true to say that cars c og up city centres. because most Of the
day they're parked Out of the way in car parks. It is misconceived policies by
planners. and a Shortage of roads, that are causing the problems. not

lobby should expect car-owners to spend thousands

And let's not forget the financial benefits cars bring to the country.
The car industry provides some ten thousand jobs, not to mention the thirty odd
million pounds in revenue from car tax, road tax, and tax on fuel. And finally, there's the issue
of convenience. The fact is that public transport does not and cannot meet
everyone's transport needs. People need to travel in and out of cities at
different times and in different directions, and there are people living in the
country who have no alternative but to use a car. Quite frankly, I find it
astonishing that the anti-car
of pounds on buying their cars, taxing and insuring

them, and
then leave them at home and spend a small fortune on an inadequate public
transport system that takes them nowhere near where they want to go. Ladies and
gentlemen, let's live in the real world. The simple fact of the matter is, the
car is here to stay. We like them, and we've got used to having them. You can't
legislate to stop people using their cars. Ban them from the city centre and
they'll simply go elsewhere. Instead of declaring war on cars. what we need to
do IS accommodate them and come up with creative Ideas for making life easier
for the motorist. Thank you.
16 WHAT
ARE YOUR PLANS?
Conversation
1
A    Have you got any plans for the
weekend?
B    Yeah, I think on Friday night I'm, I'm
going em salsa dancing.
A
Uhuh. to your
usual place?
B
Yes, I'll meet up
with some friends, (Uhuh) I'm going to, yeah. probably stay up quite late.
A
Uhuh, how late?
B
don't know. Usually
about 3.00. How about you, what are your, what are your plans?
A
Um, I'm going up
to Nottingham to visit some friends up there, and, er, I'm just going to stay
the night, have a meal, and come back down the next
day.
B
So you're coming
back an Saturday?
A
Yes, yeah, yeah,
'cos (Yeah) I've got a party on Saturday night.
B
Um, oh, (Yeah)
very busy.
Conversation
2
A
So, have you any
plans for this weekend?
B
Well. pretty much
the same plans as every weekend, (Uhuh) I'll be playing cricket One day A Really?
B Er, probably on Sunday. And, er A If the weather lets you

B   How about you?
A Um, I'm going to have a lazy
weekend. Um, I'm going to be packing, sorting out things, so that when I fly
away next flednesday, it won't be too much of a headache.
Conversation
3
A
What are you doing
at the weekend then, Katharine?
B
Um, Friday night
I'm just going out for a meal. and I'm going to see my parents. Urn. Saturday,
I'll probably go to the gym and just do things round the house, and then
Saturday night I'm going ten-pin bowling, so quite an act•ve weekend. think
Sunday I shall just crash out and do nothing.
A
Yeah. catch up
with everything.
B
What are you
doing?
Conversation
4
A   Have you got anything exciting planned
for the weekend. then?
B   No, not really. I, I was going to go
round to Naomi's but unfortunately she's got flu. so she's had to call it Off.
A Oh no, what a shame.
3 Um,
yeah. l, I'd quite like to go on that trip to  Bath though, but it depends on
whether they've got any places left.
18 FROM
ANOTHER PLANET?

Jane

So, you're, you're saying that you think far more of the person is, is
  genetic. and not influenced by their upbringing?

Nick

Yes, I think so, think, you look at
  twins, even identical twins, they have very different personalities, very different
  characteristics, or three children brought up in a family, er, the same
  environment, but radically different personalities, and, If take an example
  from my own family. have an elder sister who's

Extract A

very very
  ambitious, very very um careerorientated, er, very very determined, quite
  materialistic in fact,

Jane

But you're. but you're just looking
  at one 51de of it, you•re looking at it just from the genetic point of view. But no
  two people even in the same family have exactly the same experience. They
  don't have the same influences On them The first child is treated
  incredibly differently from the second child. Twins are treated d'fferently,

Nick

I see what you're saying, but I still believe that, er, from my own experience,
  that um.       inherited characteristics play a
  very very

strong part in determining the character of the individual
Jane Yeah, I was only talking in
theory that, that I'm arguing that the whole balance seems to have swung to the importance
of nature not nurture. and think this pendulum has swung too far. and that it
needs to come back to the point where, um. upbringing, conditioning, society,
all the influences after the child is born, think still as, they should be seen
as more important than the genetic make-up.

Nick

So are you arguing that boys and girls should be treated In exactly the
  same way from the day that they're born? Is that what you're saying?

Jane

I don't think it's
  possible because we're all products of our own upbringing. Boys and girls are
  treated so differently in a family, boys really, still, are not expected to
  cook or sew or even simple things like make their beds or do the washing up.
  (Mm) Whereas little girls are taught that this is playing, that if they learn
  to do this, and if they do it as a game, it's playing at being adult. (Mm)
  and, and they, they think it's great fun and they enjoy it. and they're they
  get conditloned into doing it and the boys get are conditioned to not do it.
  Why still does Granny knit something blue for a baby boy and something pink
  for a baby girl? It's so. it's so deep within our culture to treat boys and
  girls differently. Um, mean, what do you think, do you think they should be treated much more similarly? Or
  allowed to develop in their Own way and not stereotyped?

Nick

Absolutely. I couldn't agree more. think that parents should allow
  children to be who they really are, and who they want to be, regardless of
  their, er, sex. I do however think

Extract B
that inherently boys like cars and trains. not all boys by any means

Jane

Oh. that's rubbish!

Nick

It's not rubbish.

Jane

It is rubbish.

Nick

Oh, come on Jane!

Jane

Boys inherently like cars and
  trains?

Nick

Well let me take the example of a friend of mine who has
  two young children. And the boy loves Thomos the Tank Engine. has them in ms
  room, and his sister can go in his room and play with any of his toys at any
  time that she wants, but she much prefers to stay in her room and play with
  her dolls and her make-up sets and her combs, and her brushes.

Jane

But she's

Nick

She has complete choice.

Jane

She's trying to be different from
  him though.

Of course you, mean to some extent you admire your
sister or your brother but you want to be different.
Extract
C

Nick

I think it's more a question of
  playing to your strengths. And as a boy you often realize that you're
  stranger than girls. Or men know that they re physically stronger than women
  but I think that's a very interesting point. because I think the scene is shifting in
  today's day and age. For example, I would always send my wife to the garage
  to get the car mended, because know she can, can charm the male mechanics
  working at the garage, whereas if took it in, I wouldn't be able to
  charm them in the same way. Just as, um. will, don't know, fix a shelf which
  is higher up because I'm physically taller than she is,

Jane

But you're. you're saying that's genetic. it'S genetic that the woman
  is better at getting round men in a garage and that genetically men are
  really good at putting up shelves.

Nick

No, I'm not saving that, I
  think people adjust to their environment and evolve, if you look at Princess
  Diana for example, I mean she was incredibly clever, mean she wasn't a
  stereotypical downtrodden woman, was she? I mean she came across as being
  much stronger, much more In control than Prince Charles, and stereotypcally,
  or traditionally, it's the man who is strong and in control.
don't believe that's true. I think
  fundamentally women are stronger, more resourceful than men and I think men,
  because they're

physically
stronger and they're genetically they've evolved to be physically stronger,
believe that they have to play this role of being the provider or the carer,
but think it's, er, it's, er. an illusion in a lot Of domestic relationships
and that there's the strong role and the supporting role is played by the woman
and not the men-
Extract
D

Nick

The point you're making is a good one, and think if we 100k at men and Women as
  they get older, and move into the workplace, think women today are
  increasingly empowered in the workplace and we can see more and more women leading independent

Jane

Oh, that's a tiny minority Of women who are em powered:

Nick

But it's more and more,
  we can see more and more women moving into management positions in companies
  today, being ambitious In the way that men traditionally were and in some
  cases, you could cite Mrs Thatcher as an example. they want to be a very
  powerful. independent, ambitious, career-minded person.

Jane

But they're not being themselves,
  they're just copying the only model that, that they've got.

19 ABSOLUTELY
UNBELIEVEABLE!
Jerry I had the most embarrassing
experience when I was on holiday, have told you about this?
was in
a bar in Spain.
 don't think so. no.
Jerry Um right, there were two of us
and. and I'd just had a glass of beer, we'd both just had a glass of beer and
my glass was sitting empty on the table, and it was one of these marbletopped
tables (Yeah, know what you mean) and it was lunch time and this bar was full
of people having their, having their lunch (Uhuh)
um, and
I must just have caught the edge of the glass with ms,' finger and it fell
over, It was like slow motion. It was One of those horrifying moments where
everything slows down and you could see it just reach the point of balance and
then fall, and it hit the table and completely exploded. It just went
everywhere (What a nightmare!) It was absolutely unbelievable, I just felt like
standing up and running out Of the bar, and this glass sprayed out across
the whole bar. and landed in everyone's lunch. And probably twelve or fifteen
people just had, just couldn't eat any more and had to stop. It was
unbelievable. (Oh, Jerry!) I've never been so embarrassed in my life. I can't believe that, that's the most
embarrassing story I've ever heard.
Liz           Have told you about my
Christmas holiday?
Jerry
No, you haven't, no.
Liz      had the most extraordinary
experience. I Was, ended up going up the mountaln on one of those sort of
motorized sledge things, do you know what mean. it's kind of, it's like a
motorbike on two runners, (Oh yeah, yeah. I know the ones) you know what I
mean. OK, we had to go, we had to use this thing to get up to the restaurant
where we were going to have dinner, and I was on it with two other friends, um,
one of my friends was driving it and .
jerry
So there, sony, there were three of you on this thing?
Liz Yeah, three of us, one driving and
two sitting on the sledge attachment at the back, (right) and um, my friend at
the front was driving incredibly fast up this mountain, it was freezing cold, pitch black,
couldn't see a thing, um, and we suddenly got to this point, and there was a
huge bump of snow in the middle of the piste, (Oh no) and so this snow-sledge
thing went flying over the bump, disappeared Off the back of the sledge, at
great speed, um. my other friend was left holding on. And my friend who was
driving just carried on up the mountain (Oh no) she didn't realize l i d fallen off the back
Jerry
So what happened did she ?
Liz      My, the second friend was
screammg 'Stop, stop. stop the sledge, Liz has fallen off', but  she couldn't hear 'cos it was so
noisy Anyway, eventually the friend driving realized and stopped. and they had
to turn around and come and pick me up and was covered in snow. Luckily I
landed in a big soft bit.
Jerry Ah. but you were all right, were you? Liz                   Yeah I
was, I was fine.
Jerry Wow. That reminds me of a time
when I was skiing in Switzerland, and                 were coming down the hill
I was Ori my way home from this party, it must have been about 2.00 in the morning, and
was sure there was someone following me, so I was walking really fast. I got to
my front door and was just putting the key into the lock, when suddenly next
door's cat leapt off the wall practically into my face
I was absolutely
petrified. It frightened the life out of

2
and I came out of the hotel, put my
bags in the car, and drove off. At least thought I'd put my bags in the car but
In fact I'd left one of them on the roof and there I was driving down the High
Street with my bag on the roof. and these people shouting and beeping at me. I
was wondering what on earth the problem was and was getting quite annoyed when suddenly realized what I'd done
It was so embarrassing. I went bright red, removed it
from the roof and drove off as quickly as I could.
This is a good one my Dad told me it was years agor in the sixties I think, and he
was on a long-haul flight to Delhi I think it was. and the last leg of the
flight was with an Indian airline. And they came around with some food and
stuff and when everyone had finished, they brought round these hot hand towels,
you know the ones you sometimes get in restaurants, and my Dad really didn't
know what this was for and he tried to take a bite out of it can you imagine!
t was absolutely awful. He nearly died of embarrassment. 4 arid I'd Ordered this computer and
printer, which they said they would deliver within ten days. And you won't
believe what they did, the idiots, they left all this expensive equipment in my
unlocked garage, and surprise, surprise. by the time got home, it had all been
stolen.
 was absolutely livid. nearly hit the roof when I realized what had
happened
5
I'd already
written about half my dissertation when my computer crashed and I lost all my
files, And of course I hadn't backed any of them up on disk It was an absolute nightmare. I just
felt like bursting Into tears.
6  took my nephew to the zoo last Sunday
and I'd just bought him an ice Cream and so he was quite happy, eating away and
100klng at the giraffes Over thlS fence. And anyway, all Of a sudden, one
giraffe put its neck over the fence and took a huge great bite of my nephew's ice cream.
It was
absolutely hilarious. We were both in stitches.
20 A BIT OF PROBLEM
Conversation
1
Hello, you're through to Softbacks Unlimited. I'm afraid all our lines are busy at the
moment. Please hold the line, and one of our sales assistants will be with you
as soon as possible
A
Good Morning,
Softbacks Unlimited. This is Kerry speaking, how may help you?
B
Oh, um, hello, er,
I'm phoning about a book ordered from you.
A
Right, if I could
just take your name?
B
Er, Gaynor Jones.
A
And your Customer
number?
B
Er, it's, um. 2040
5683.
A
Right, Ms Jones. if
you could just bear with me a few seconds Right, it's just coming up on the screen now. Won't be long
0K, here It is, The
Rough Guide to New York. Ordered on May 10th.
B
Yes. The thing is,
eri need it rather urgently.
A
Um, well, with
respect, Ms Jones, we only received your order ten days ago. We promise to send
books within three weeks of receiving Vour Order.
B
Yes, yes, Of
course, l, I do understand. The thing is, l, I'm going to New York in a week's
time. was rather hoping it would arrive by the end of the week. I don't suppose
there's any way you could send it a bit earlier?
A Certainly, Ms Jones, that's no problem at all.
do my
best to get thatoff to you straight away.
Conversation
2
A Hello. Benson Software, You're
through to Customer Services.
    Hello, this is Mike Williams from
Smiths Retailers of Portsmouth. I'm phoning about the CD-ROM consignment you
sent last week. urn, I'm afraid there's a bit of a problem.
A
Oh, right, Mr
Williams.
B
Er, I'm afraid you
don't seem to have sent us enough.
A
Oh dear. I'm sorry
about that. How many did you receive?
B
Well, we received
fifty, but I'm pretty sure we ordered a hundred and fifty.
A
Just a moment,
I'll check your order Well according to our records, you seem to have ordered fifty.
B
Oh, really? Oh,
perhaps there's been a mistake. I feel certain we ordered a hundred and fifty.
A OK, Mr Williams. sorry about the
misunderstanding. We'll get the extra hundred to you as soon as possible.
 Thanks very much. Sorry to trouble A No problem. Goodbye.

21

TALKING PICTURES

pru

So, Jon, what did you think of the film?

Jon

Er, overall, er, It was mildly
  entertaining. Er, as a thriller, It didn't really have many thrills, er, but,
  um, on the other hand, it was. it had, it had merits, it was quite nice to
  look at Er, the acting was pretty poor. What, what did you feel about it?

Pru

I thought that Jude Law was good in
  it, but I agree with you that the rest of the acting was a bit poor. I
  thought Matt Damon didn't have any menace to his character at all. which made
  the story a bit unbelievable as a whole. (Yeah) Did you find the story believable?

Jon

Absolutely
  unbelievable. Um, its, its premise was completely farcical, and I really
  didn't fall for it in any way Whatsoever. Urn, and like you   l, I felt Matt Damon was weak, but,
  er, certainly not as weak as the, er, the supporting actors who were
  characteristically awful.

pru

But it was a beautiful
  film to look at, did you think?

Jon

Absolutely. And myself, coming from
  a background where I know quite a lot about, er, the beautiful landscapes of
  Italy, I enjoyed

watching it very much, um, but it can't, I can't help feeling that overall
it, it's, it was just a question of style over substance.
pru    found the ending quite shocking
in the Way that you didn't see the characters, you just heard them talking and
knowing that a murder was going to take place. Did you find that quite, um. upsetting?
Jon No,
really, no. I didn't enjoy the ending at all and, er, •t, it didn't add
anything to the story for me. Um, I felt it was rather inconclusive and I wish,
wish there had been something more exciting really at the end. But as it was it
just felt like it was just petering out and it was just going to probably have
another sequel which is what so many films do these days, Still, how many marks
would you give it out Of ten altogether?
Pru   I'd probably give it seven out
of ten. Jon Seven? SIX for me.
Rob  saw
a great film the other day, yeah Conal Did you, what was it?

Rob   English Patient. Have you seen
that?
Conal
Oh, yeah, saw that, it was fantastic, wasn't
Rob    Yeah. what did you think of it?
Conal Well. I'm, l, I'm not sure I,
thought it was brilliant and it was better if you had read the, the book.
Rob        Oh, rightr yeah, OK, I've
not read the book.
Conal
There were parts of the, the characters that weren't filled in in the movie but
were. were 'n the book.
Rob      Right, OK. Well, was, was
kind Of a bit nervous when I went It see it •cos I'd heard it
was, um, a bit over-romantic, (Right) people had been telling me it was a bit
Conal    It
was a bit cl. „ a bit of a classic wasn't it really?
Rob    Yeah, that's right.
Conal
Very. um, kind of traditional big picture kind
of romance.
Rob
But don't think that was very bad, mean, don't think that was a bad thing
particularly.
Conal Well, think if you went in with certain expectations, (Yeah) er,
you know, you have to suspend disbelief a little bit about it and the kind of great epic ending and
things.
Rob       Yeah
Conal   But I thought it was really, I
thought it was quite moving and, er_
Rob      Yeah, and, very moving, I
think a iot of the people in the cinema were crying at the end, I think that's
a good sign.
Conal Yeah, what did you think of the
cinematography and stuff like that?
Rob      It's very impressive I mean
err you know.' they really spent a lot of time trying to make it look as, er, as dramatic as
possible, you know. the desert and (Yeah) and it really it made a real big
effect on the film this situation.
Conal l,
I love that scene when he carries her at the end (Yeah) draped in a kind of a
white sheet or something (Yeah) and that's such a beautiful image.
Rob      But do you think it Was
over-romantic? I mean
             Have you seen any good
films recently?

Serene

Um. yes, saw
  Gladiator last week. Is it any good?

Serene

I really
  liked it. It was full of brilliant special effects, it was really dramatic.

Liz

Oh, and who was in it?

Serene Well, Russell Crowe was the main gladiator guy, um, and he's quite hot,
but he was, he was great really large stage presence, um, it also had Oliver Reed in it, his last
film.            So it was a kind of historical thing?
Serene
Yeah, historical, set in the Roman age.  Oh, and what was it about, what was
the plot?
Serene Well, itrs about, I. I
think Russell Crowe starts off as a general and it's kind of about his fall
from grace, but it's obviously not his fault at all, it's all (Oh) just sort
of, eri it's all situation, which, which leads to his, this disaster but um, it is, it's really
quite exciting. Um. he becomes a gladiator and he has to fight for his life,
but because he's such a good fighter he, he becomes a slave, he starts off as a slave arid
he becomes kind of at the same level as the Caesar.  Really?
Serene Yep.
          And what, do you think the acting was good?
Serene Yeah, the acting was        good,
was very impressed. Um, its downfall was probably being a bit too soppy, but .
        Oh. it was really romantic,
was it?
Serene  It , it kind ofwas, his, his family gets
killed and (Oh no) that's where his passion comes from (Oh) and that kind of
brings it down a blt because he goes to heaven and sees them and things, and that's
not what you want to see after a big
        Oh. that's a bit strange,
isn't it?
Serenedramatic thing, but
Liz     Oh, so it's romantic, but do
you think I'd like
Serene Yeah, think you would because of the, the stage
effects are so wonderful and Rome is reconstructed in such a brilliant way. Um,
it is quite moving though, and you don't tend to go for the moving type (Yeah)
plot. Liz   Oh well, I'll give it a try.
22 WHAT
HAVE YOU BEEN UP TO?

Karen

Adam, hello, how are you, I haven't
  seen you for ages

Adam

I'm very
  well, haven't seen you for a long time either.

Karen

Yeah. suppose you've been busy at
  work, or

Adam

Mm, very
  busy at work, but mostly I've been, um, I've been, I've been trying to get
  away from work as often as poss'ble, so, you know, 've done a bit Of travelling as
  well.

Karen

Right. Ah, you're always keen on
  travelling, so where have you been. anywhere interesting?

Adam

I went up to, I went up to York last
  weekend, which was very nice. (Ah, excellent) Very cold, err and rainy, but
  er, still, still Very

Conversation 1

pleasant, and, um. I've been, I've
  been sort of planning to do all sorts of trips, sort of um. sort of going
  through the guidebooks, sort of working out where to go next.

Karen

Eri right,

Adam

And how about yourself, what have
  you been up to?

Karen

Well, same old thing really. Yeah,
  doing a lot Of work, a lot of overtime. a lot Of sort of

Conversation
2
Kate So what have you been up to Pam, then?

Pam

Well, um, I've just come back from a trip to Madrid, actually.

Kate

Oh. right.

Pa m

I've been
  there for a few days, um, and I've, I've just, didn't do much really, it was
  very nice, it Was very pleasant, just spending a couple of days

Kate

Holiday?

Pam

No, it wasn't a holiday, it was
  work, but mean, it's always nice to go to, to somewhere else, um, and
  I met a few people and went out for meals, and didn't get enough sleep, and
  that kind of thing But it was really good. um, but apart from that, real y, I
  haven't been up to a lot, actually. Not over the last, er, few days or so, few weeks.
  What about you?

Kate

Oh well, I've been, I've been a bit busy with work. I've been on a couple of trips
  as well.

Pam

Uhuh, oh. where did you go?

Kate

I went to Spain.

Pa m

Uhuh.

Kate

Little bit of holiday, little bit of work. (IJhum) Um, and, er, I've
  been a bit busy with the children as well, because, er, we've had, er,
  birthday party so I've been organizing

Pam

Oh yes, of course it's

Kate

    candles and cakes and presents and
  so on.

Pam

And they both, they both have birthdays about the same
  time?

Kate

Yes, yes, so err yes things have
  been a bit hectic.

Conversatlon
1
A
Have you heard
that Clare is moving in with that bloke, whatsisname, Myles, the tall one from
IT, you know, good—looking, in his forties?
B
Um, really? I
didn't even know they Were seeing each Other.
A Nor did l, but apparently they're both into outdoor pursuits, you know,
walking, cycling that kind of thing and they got together through a local
cycling club.
Conversation
2
A
Do you fancy going
to the cinema or something tonight?
B
Yes. wouldn't
mind, What's on, do you know?
A
Err well, think
that new French film is on at the, what's it called, the, er, Picture Palace.
B
Oh yes, I'd like
to see that. Any idea what tlme?
A Er, six thirty, seven-ish? I'm not
sure but I'll check in the paper.
Conversation
3
A
Ermi don't suppose
you're free on Saturday evening, are you?
B
Er, yes I am
actually. Why?
A
Well, we're having
a sort of last minute party and I was wondering if you'd like to come, you know
a few drinks, a buffet, things like that.
B
Yes. I'd love to.
Who else is coming?
A Well I've invited forty people Or so. Er, you'll know most of them I
expect.
Conversation
4
A
How was the party?
B
Um. it was a bit
boring actually. Ali these people with high-flying jobs in the city boasting
about how much they earn, all the famous people they know, and so on. (Oh) You
know, 'Oh, I've just met so and so', Or, um, 'I've just been to New York and
done such and such:
A
Yeah, I know what you mean, I hate that kind of party.

various
bits and pieces. really, it seems like, um. time's really gone fast, I can't,
can't believe, you know, just bits of this and bits of

that.

24 ON
TOP OF THE WORLD
Michael's story
A
Most mountain.
most climbers who are really interested in mountaineering, er, always think of
the ultimate in mountains, which are the Himalayas, and, err going on a trip
there, but it
takes a lot Of time and a lot of money to get there. So
these things, these sorts of trips are very carefully planned and sometimes
they don't come to fruition. But, er, on one occasion when I was In a pub with
a friend, he said, 'Shall we go to Nepal, and climb a Himalayan mountain?' and said 'Yes, why not?' And because he's
a very organized sort of bloke. he got it all sorted. And.  was away in Saudi Arabia at the time
and so, er, when we when came back from there it was more or less all organized. And,
er. we picked ourselves a trekking peak which is one which is not too high and
therefore too expensive. and which could be done in a month.
B
How successful was
the actual climb?
A
Well, we did what
we wanted to do, which was get to the top, Urn, we were blessed with very good
weather, um. you go. climbing in the Himalaya there are two seasons, and one of
them is the November Season when, just before the, um, you get the winter storms coming in
and, er, but after the, the summer monsoon has finished. and there's a, there's
usually a do,' steady period of weather but in fact, when we got there it was
very cold and there'd been a lot af snow, so a lot of the, er, paths and the
camp sites which we would have expected to be dry were in fact under snow,
which made for a very interesting tnp, but not such a comfortable one, and, um,
but the main thing was, the weather was steady. It was clear and cold for the
whole month we were there. I don't remember any rain at all, um, which. um,
made for a physically enjoyable trip.
B
With hindsight,
would you have done anything differently?
A Well, with hindsight, urn, would have chosen my

companions more carefully, but you
don't always have. it can be a bit of a luxury and you can't always do that,
um. you just have to, um, get together a crowd of people who can afford to go
and have the time to go, so that you can actually manage to get the trip done
in the first place. And. but Our. the team that we got together was, kept
changing as people dropped out. so in the end, there was an odd, motley
collection of people who didn't really know each other very well and, er, this
friend of mine who first suggested it was in fact one of the most difficult
people to get on with, especially in a high mountain environment, eq under cold
conditions when, er, the weather's lousy, and, er, think, when we all came back
from this trip, this is not untypical, nobody was speaking to anybody. at least
certainly wasn't speaking to anybody else, and we were all glad to get off the
plane in London and go our different ways. On the whole, the whole trip was a,
was a great success, and I'm very pleased we went, but would have liked to have been more
involved in the day-to-day running of things, and not been portered and guided all the way
because it did leave me with a lot Of spare time. and a lot Of cold weather,
and long dark nights which would have been better spent if I'd had more books.
Er, so I would definitely need to take more books next time.
The route itself, um, it was a standard approach route
that. er, the easiest wav to the mountain, to the top of the mountain but that
didn't make it, although it was the easiest way to the top, it wasn't actually
that easy. Urn. with a bit more
time we could have, um, spent, er, uve could have done Some exploring, and
perhaps found a more interesting way, but think on the whole, considering it
was Our first trip, we were qulte glad just to be able to get up to the top.
Julie's
story
A
so you're on
crutches. why's that?
B
Um, yes. bit of a
long story really, um, I damaged my knee when I was on my travels, um, last
year, and. um, particularly I damaged this knee When was in Africa and I was climbing Mount
Kenya with a friend. And Mount Kenya's a very large mountain, it's five
thousand metres, you need three or four days to do it, and, um. we set off with
porters and, um. reached near the summit, er, where we slept the night just
below the summit. And it was freezing cold, gets to minus ten, so I was very
glad that I had my thermals and my, my four-seasons sleeping bag um, and the
next morning we got up at three o'clock, got to the top Of the. the mountain,
amazing views, mean was just so glad I did it, it was such an achievement and there was
snow on the top, and the sun rose, and then very quickly before the ice melted we had to start coming down and
We came down very fast because we were so happy,

we were sort of leaping down like goats um, at our achievement We were really happy
and. um, we walked down all day and got to the place where we were supposed to,
um, sleep and, er, there wasn't any room so We were forced basically to keep
walking for another day, and so we were, like, coming down the mountain really
fast because we needed to get another fifteen kilometres, um, before the sun set and
that was just so much walking coming downhill, going very fast . and, er, I should have
remembered, you know, people, people do say you have to take care when you come
down a mountain because it's a strain an your knees, and l i d never
had a problem with my knees, but, um. doing all that running down the mountain caused pain
in my knees and really shouldn't have done it, I should have taken it more
slowly, um, and remembered the advice that was given, and. um, another thing
that I wish that I'd done was seek medical help um Sooner really because I had
a pain the next day but it wasn't, for a few days really kept going on it
before went and got it looked at and now I've got quite an ongoing problem with
knees.
A
Oh no, but you're
glad you did it?
B
Well, I'm glad did
the mountain, but l/ wish I wish I'd done it differently.

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