 that potholes are chiefly caused by water. They're caused especially by water that freezes once it's already on the street and then it expands, which means that it takes whatever fissure is already in the street, whatever cracks is already in the asphalt, and expands it, which means the road cracks more, which means when cars drive over it, it crumbles. So how do you actually fix that? You don't fix it by doing patchwork, piecemeal work.