 We knew that it worked because 16 children in that study died from polio, all in the placebo group. 36 children were permanently paralyzed, 34 in the placebo group. But for the flip of a coin, those children could have been alive and well today. Those were first and second graders in the 1950s. I was a first and second grader in the 1950s. I mean, those people suffered or died because they just happened to be in the control group.