 The framers gave Congress a pivotal role in the appointment of principal and inferior officers. That role cannot be usurped by the executive branch or diffused elsewhere, whether in this case or in another case, whether in times of heightened national need or not. In the case of inferior officers, that means the Congress is empowered to decide if it wishes to vest appointment power in a head of department. And indeed, Congress has proven itself quite capable of doing so in many other statutory contexts, but plainly did not do so here today.