 In the election of 1912, you have both Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson insisting for the first time that the president is a tribune of the people, is a steward who directly channels the popular will. That would have been anathema to the framers. Madison thought the idea of tweeting presidents who would directly communicate with the people would lead to mobs. And you have William Howard Taft as the last president to defend a kind of constrained vision