text: Wim Hof Method Hof markets a regimen called the Wim Hof Method (WHM), which involves willpower, exposure to cold water, and breathing techniques. While Hof claims his method has beneficial effects on various conditions, there is little scientific basis for these claims.  Wouter van Marken Lichtenbelt, a scientist who has studied Hof, said: "[Hof's] scientific vocabulary is galimatias. With conviction, he mixes in a non-sensical way scientific terms as irrefutable evidence." Wim's identical twin brother Andre has a similar tolerance for cold, despite living a different lifestyle, suggesting that much if not all of Hof's abilities are innate. A 2024 meta-analysis of eight studies found that the method may reduce inflammation, through the increase of epinephrine. However, effects on exercise performance and respiratory parameters were mixed. And most of the articles were judged as "high concern due to the difficulty in blinding the participants and researchers to the intervention." The authors cautioned that "the quality of the studies is very low, meaning that all the results must be interpreted with caution. Additionally, the low sample size (15–48 individuals per study) and large proportion of males in the studies (86.4%) make the results non-generalizable to the public," and suggested that further research is needed.