text: Online Through both deep web (password protected, encrypted) and dark web (special portal browsers) markets, participants can trade and transact illegal substances, including wildlife. However the amount of activity is still negligible compared to the amount on the open or surface web. As stated in an examination of search engine key words relating to wildlife trade in an article published by Conservation Biology, "This negligible level of activity related to the illegal trade of wildlife on the dark web relative to the open and increasing trade on the surface web may indicate a lack of successful enforcement against illegal wildlife trade on the surface web."
  A study conducted by the International Fund for Animal Welfare (Ifaw) in 2018 revealed online sales of endangered wildlife (on the list of the global Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species) was pervasive across Europe. Ivory accounted for almost 20 percent of the items offered.
  Organizations addressing illegal wildlife trade
  ASEAN Wildlife Enforcement Network
  Basel Institute on Governance
  Clark R. Bavin National Fish and Wildlife Forensic Laboratory
  Four Paws
  FREELAND Foundation
  International Fund for Animal Welfare
  International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN)
  Monitor Conservation Research Society (Monitor)
  South Asia Wildlife Enforcement Network (SAWEN)