text: Louis Eisenmann (de) Frederick Barbarossa, an emperor (1152–1190) of the Holy Roman Empire
  Albert Gemmrich
  Karl Gengler (1886–1974), a politician
  Gustave Glotz
  Heinrich Gran (active from 1489 until 1527), a printer of incunabula
  Heinrich von Isny (de)
  Josel of Rosheim (1476–1554), a Jewish shtadlan, born here
  Cédric Klein (fr)
  Diebold Lauber (de)
  Borach Levi, later Joseph Jean François Elie (1721–?), a Jewish convert to Christianity
  Eliezer Liebermann (half of the 19th-century), an Austrian Jewish Talmudist son of the rabbi Zeeb-Wolf of this town
  Sébastien Loeb (born 1974), 9-time World Rally Championship-winning driver
  Marcel Loeffler (fr)
  Adam Friedrich Löwenfinck (de)
  Niklaus von Hagenau
  Jean-Georges Paulus
  Reinmar of Hagenau, 12th-century minnesinger
  Marie-Louise Roth (born 1926), a literary scientist (de)
  Elie Scheid (1841–1922), a Jewish French communal worker and writer
  Diebold Schilling the Younger (before 1460, Haguenau (?)–1515 (?)), an Alsatian-Swiss chronicler
  Marius Schneider (fr)
  Elek Schwartz
  Theobald Schwarz (de)
  Pierre Seel (1923–2005), an activist
  Eduard Stadtler
  Johannes Stroux
  Peter Stühlen (de)
  Joseph Thierry
  Michel Walter (fr)
  Mathieu Weill (1851–1939), a Jewish French mathematician
  Twin towns
  Haguenau is twinned with Landau (Germany).
  Media
  Episode eight of the Second World War miniseries Band of Brothers is set in Haguenau.
  In the 1968 film The Girl on a Motorcycle, Marianne Faithfull's character sets out from Haguenau on her fateful journey.