text: Hugo Grotius (1583–1645) The Dutch philosopher and jurist Hugo Grotius, widely regarded as a founder of international law, believed in the eventual formation of a world government to enforce it. His book, De jure belli ac pacis (On the Law of War and Peace), published in Paris in 1625, is still cited as a foundational work in the field. Though he does not advocate for world government per se, Grotius argues that a "common law among nations", consisting of a framework of principles of natural law, bind all people and societies regardless of local custom.
  Immanuel Kant (1724–1804)
  In his essay "Perpetual Peace: A Philosophical Sketch" (1795), Kant describes three basic requirements for organizing human affairs to permanently abolish the threat of present and future war, and, thereby, help establish a new era of lasting peace throughout the world. Kant described his proposed peace program as containing two steps.
  The "Preliminary Articles" described the steps that should be taken immediately, or with all deliberate speed:
  "No Secret Treaty of Peace Shall Be Held Valid in Which There Is Tacitly Reserved Matter for a Future War"
  "No Independent States, Large or Small, Shall Come under the Dominion of Another State by Inheritance, Exchange, Purchase, or Donation"
  "Standing Armies Shall in Time Be Totally Abolished"
  "National Debts Shall Not Be Contracted with a View to the External Friction of States"
  "No State Shall by Force Interfere with the Constitution or Government of Another State,
  "No State Shall, during War, Permit Such Acts of Hostility Which Would Make Mutual Confidence in the Subsequent Peace Impossible: Such Are the Employment of Assassins (), Poisoners (), Breach of Capitulation, and Incitement to Treason () in the Opposing State"