text: Princess Ariane of the Netherlands (born 2007)
  Science and technology
  Before 20th century
  Herman Boerhaave (1668–1738), physician
  C.H.D. Buys Ballot (1817–1890), chemist and meteorologist
  Ludolph van Ceulen (1540–1610), mathematician
  Carolus Clusius (1526–1609), doctor and botanist
  Menno van Coehoorn (1641–1704), military engineer
  Laurens Janszoon Coster (1370–1440), printer
  Cornelius Drebbel (1572–1633), inventor and engineer
  Eise Eisinga (1744–1828), astronomer who built a scale of the solar system in his house
  David Fabricius (1564–1617), astronomer
  Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686–1736), German-Polish physicist and engineer, lived most of his life in the Dutch Republic
  Regnier de Graaf (1641–1673), physician and anatomist, who made key discoveries in reproductive biology
  Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff (1852–1911), chemist
  Coenraad Johannes van Houten (1801–1887), chemist, inventor, known for the Dutch process chocolate
  Christiaan Huygens (1629–1695), mathematician and physicist
  Constantijn Huygens, Jr. (1628–1697; brother of Christiaan), scientific instrument maker, technological chronicler
  Jan Ingenhousz (1730–1799), physiologist, botanist and physicist.
  Zacharias Janssen (1580–88 – pre-1632 to 1638), scientific instrument maker from Middelburg, associated with the invention of the first optical telescope
  Petrus Jacobus Kipp (1808–1864), chemist, inventor of the Kipp apparatus
  Jan Leeghwater (1575–1650), hydraulic engineer and mill builder
  Anton van Leeuwenhoek (1632–1723), scientist
  Hans Lippershey (1570–1619), inventor and scientific instrument maker, associated with the invention of the first telescope