text: If Ω is the domain on which the given equation is to be solved and ∂Ω denotes its boundary, the Robin boundary condition is:
  for some non-zero constants  a and b and a given function g defined on ∂Ω. Here, u is the unknown solution defined on Ω and  denotes the normal derivative at the boundary. More generally, a and b are allowed to be (given) functions, rather than constants.
  In one dimension, if, for example, Ω = [0,1], the Robin boundary condition becomes the conditions:
  Notice the change of sign in front of the term involving a derivative: that is because the normal to [0,1] at 0 points in the negative direction, while at 1 it points in the positive direction.
  Application
  Robin boundary conditions are commonly used in solving Sturm–Liouville problems which appear in many contexts in science and engineering.
  In addition, the Robin boundary condition is a general form of the insulating boundary condition for convection–diffusion equations.  Here, the convective and diffusive fluxes at the boundary sum to zero:
  where D is the diffusive constant, u is the convective velocity at the boundary and c is the concentration. The second term is a result of Fick's law of diffusion.