Anthony Charteau (born June 4, 1979 in Nantes) is a French retired professional cyclist. He raced as a professional between 2001 and 2013. His biggest win was the polka dot jersey for the best climber in the Tour de France in 2010. He also won the Tropicale Amissa Bongo race in Gabon for three years in a row from 2010 to 2012.