What kinds of treatments help?

MOISTURIZERS. Ointments such as petroleum jelly are best unless theyre too thick and cause discomfort. Creams may be fine for moderately dry skin or in hot, humid weather. Apply them to wet skin, immediately after bathing. Lotions are not rich enough and often have a net drying effect on AD skin.

CORTICOSTEROIDS. Often called topical (applied to the skin) steroids, these are cortisone-like medications used in creams or ointments that your doctor may prescribe (e.g. hydrocortisone, mometasone, desonide, triamcinolone). They are not the same as the anabolic steroids some athletes misuse. Corticosteroid medicines are very helpful. Often they are the only treatment that can calm the inflamed skin. Use of steroid ointments and creams requires good judgment and careful supervision. They come in many strengths from mild to super-potent. Hydrocortisone, a very mild steroid, is quite safe. The more potent ones can cause thinned skin, stretch marks and even growth retardation or suppression of the adrenal gland if used too many days in the same areas of the body. Parents should monitor the childs use. Ask the doctor about potency and side effects of prescribed corticosteroid medicines and follow the product insert instructions carefully.
Topical Immunomodulators (TIMs)

This family of topical medications has been available for the past 10 years. TIMs work to inhibit the skins inflammatory response (which is what causes the redness and also contributes to itching). At this time there are two FDA approved non-steroid drugs: tacrolimus and pimecrolimus. TIMs are not steroids and do not cause thinning of the skin but they can suppress the immune system in the skin so that the use of sun protection for the children receiving this therapy is recommended.

For children less than two years of age these medications are only used off-label and as always, with any medication, they should be used with careful supervision of a physician. Tacrolimus and pimecrolimus both currently have a black box warning, which is a precautionary statement given to the medication by the Food and Drug Administration.

TAR PREPARATIONS. Tar creams or bath emulsions can be helpful for mild inflammation.

ANTIBIOTICS. Oral or topical antibiotics reduce the surface bacterial infections that may accompany flares of AD.

ANTIHISTAMINES. Often prescribed to reduce itching, these medicines may cause drowsiness but seem to help some children, largely due to their sleep-inducing side effects. Hydrocortisone. a very mild steroid, is quite safe. The more potent ones can cause thinned skin, stretch marks and even growth retardation or suppression of the adrenal gland if used too many days in the same areas of the body. Parents should monitor the childs use. Ask the doctor about potency and side effects of prescribed corticosteroid medicines and follow the product insert instructions carefully.

Topical Immunomodulators (TIMs). are not steroids and do not cause thinning of the skin but they can suppress the immune system in the skin so that the use of sun protection for the children receiving this therapy is recommended.

ANTIHISTAMINES. Often prescribed to reduce itching, these medicines may cause drowsiness but seem to help some children, largely due to their sleep-inducing side effects. Many people look forward to summer, which brings the promise of pleasures like long days in the sun, picnics, beaches and baseball. Warm weather, however, also brings some not-so-welcome visitors in the form of stinging insects. For most people, these small creatures are an annoyance that threaten to ruin outdoor fun. But for some 2 million Americans, these insects pose a far more serious threat of a life-threatening allergic reaction. Non-Allergic (intrinsic) asthma is triggered by factors not related to allergies. Like allergic asthma, non-allergic asthma is characterized by airway obstruction and inflammation that is at least partially reversible with medication, however symptoms in this type of asthma are NOT associated with an allergic reaction. Many of the symptoms of allergic and non-allergic asthma are the same (coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath or rapid breathing, and chest tightness), but non-allergic asthma is triggered by other factors such as anxiety, stress, exercise, cold air, dry air, hyperventilation, smoke, viruses or other irritants. In non-allergic asthma, the immune system is not involved in the reaction. Asthma is a disease of the lungs in which the airways become blocked or narrowed causing breathing difficulty. This chronic disease affects 20 million Americans. Asthma is commonly divided into two types: allergic (extrinsic) asthma and non-allergic (intrinsic) asthma. There is still much research that needs to be done to fully understand how to prevent, treat and cure asthma. But, with proper management, people can live healthy and active lives. How Is Mold Allergy Treated?

As with most allergies, patients should

    Avoid contact with the spores. Wear a dust mask when cutting grass, digging around plants, picking up leaves and disturbing other plant materials. Reduce the humidity indoors to prevent fungi from growing. These measures will reduce symptoms.

    Take medications for nasal or other allergic symptoms. Antihistamines and decongestants are available over the counterwithout a prescription. Because these antihistamines can cause drowsiness, they are best taken at bedtime. If drowsiness continues to be a problem, talk to your doctor about taking non-sedating antihistamines, which require a prescription. For moderate and severe allergy symptoms, your doctor may prescribe corticosteroid nasal sprays.

    If these medications are inadequate, talk to your doctor or allergist about taking allergy shots (immunotherapy). This works for some carefully selected patients.

How Can I Prevent a Reaction to Mold?

Allergies cannot be cured. But the symptoms of the allergy can be reduced by avoiding contact with the spores. Several measures will help:

    Stay indoors during periods when the published mold count is high. This will lessen the amount you inhale. Mold spores are "counted" by collecting a sample of particulates in the air then identifying and counting the mold spores in the sample.

    The amount of airborne spores are likely to change quickly, depending on the weather. The counts reported are always for a past time period and may not reflect what is currently in the air. The mold that causes your allergic reaction may not be counted separately. This means that allergy symptoms may not relate closely to the published count. But knowing the count can help you decide when to stay indoors.

    Use central air conditioning with a HEPA (high efficiency particulate air) filter attachment. It will help trap spores before they reach you. Air conditioning with a HEPA filter attached works better than electrostatic air-cleaning devices and much better than freestanding air cleaners. Devices that treat air with heat, ions or ozone are not recommended.

    No air cleaners will help if excess moisture remains. If indoor humidity is above 50 percent, risks of fungus growth rise steeply. Hygrometers can be used to measure humidity accurately. The goal is to keep humidity below 45 percent, and preferably about 35 percent.
 Allergies are diseases of the immune system that cause an overreaction to substances called "allergens." Allergies are grouped by the kind of trigger, time of year or where symptoms appear on the body: indoor and outdoor  allergies (also called "hay fever," "seasonal," "perennial" or "nasal" allergies), food allergies, latex allergies, insect  allergies, skin  allergies and eye  allergies. People who have allergies can live healthy and active lives. Latex allergies are caused by touching or inhaling natural latex allergensproteins in the sap of the rubber treethat cause an allergic reaction in some people. Some are affected by latex powder if inhaled, others by skin contact with latex, such as with surgical gloves. Severe cases can cause anaphylaxis, the most serious type of allergic reaction. Most experts believe that the allergy has surfaced recently as a result of the increased use of latex to protect people from infectious agents. There may be other causes as well. Synthetic latex is not an allergen, but natural latex is. These medicines ease the wheezing, coughing and tightness of the chest that occurs during asthma episodes.

Short acting brochodilators are one type of quick relief medicines. They open airways by relaxing muscles that tighten in and around the airways during asthma episodes.

Short-acting beta agonists  (Inhaled: Albuterol, Alupent, Brethaire, Bronkosol, Isoetharine, Maxair, Medihaler-Iso, Metaprel, Proventil, Tornalate, Ventolin, Xopenex) relieve asthma symptoms quickly and some prevent asthma caused by exercise.

If you use one of these medicines every day, or if you use it more than three times in a single day, your asthma may be getting worse, or you may not be using your inhaler correctly. Talk with your doctor right away about adding or increasing a medication, and about your inhaler technique.

Oral beta agonists (Syrup, tablets and long-acting tablets: Alupent, Brethine, Bricanyl, Proventil, Proventil Repetabs, Ventolin, Volmax). Syrup may be used for children, while long-acting tablets may be used for nighttime asthma. Oral preparations generally cause more side effects than the inhaled form.

Theophylline (Oral, slow acting: Aerolate, Elixophyllin, Quibron-T, Resbid, Slo-bid, T-Phyl, Theolair, Theo-24, Theo-Dur, Theo-X, Uni-Dur, Uniphyl) can be used for persistently symptomatic asthma, and especially to prevent nighttime asthma. Theophylline must remain at a constant level in the blood stream to be effective. Too high a level can be dangerous. Your doctor will do regular blood tests. Sustained release Theophylline is not the preferred primary long-term control treatment, but it is effective when added to other antiinflammatory medicines to control nighttime episodes.

The job of these medicines is to control your asthma in both normal and stressful situations so that your airways remain open and your lungs operate properly. This enables you to live an active life free from fear of struggling for breathe. But for the medicines to do their best work, you must understand your condition, know what your medicines can and cannot do, and use them exactly as instructed by your doctor. Your intelligent use of asthma medicines is as important as the medicines themselves! What Are the Symptoms?

The symptoms of mold allergy are very similar to the symptoms of other allergies, such as sneezing, itching, nasal discharge, congestion and dry, scaling skin. Some people with mold allergies may have allergy symptoms the entire summer because of outdoor molds or year-round if symptoms are due to indoor molds.

Mold spores can deposit on the lining of the nose and cause hay fever symptoms. They also can reach the lungs, to cause asthma or another serious illness called allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis.

Sometimes the reaction is immediate, and sometimes the reaction is delayed. Symptoms often worsen in a damp or moldy room such as a basement; this may suggest mold allergy. Standard asthma treatment begins with long-term relief from antiinflammatory drugs. These drugs make the airways less sensitive, and keeps them from reacting as easily to triggers. They reduce coughing, wheezing and the struggle for breath, and they allow you to live an active life. To have long-term control of your asthma depends on you. Anti-inflationary drugs must be taken exactly as they are prescribed.

Cromolyn Sodium (Inhaled: Intal) and Nedocromil Sodium (Inhaled: Tilade) prevent airways from swelling when they come in contact with asthma triggers. These nonsteroids can also be used to prevent asthma caused by exercise.

Inhaled Corticosteroids (Aerobid, Azmacort, Beclovent, Flovent, Pulmicort, Vanceril) prevent and reduce airway swelling and decrease the amount of mucus in the lungs. These are generally safe when taken as directed. They are not the same as anabolic steroids, which some athletes take to build muscles.

If you are taking an inhaled antiinflammatory medicine and you feel your asthma symptoms getting worse, talk with your doctor about continuing or increasing the medicine that you are already taking. You may also need to add an oral corticosteroid or a short-acting beta antagonist (bronchodilator) for relief.

Oral Corticosteroids(Pills or tablets: Aristocort, Celestone, Decadron, Medrol, Prednisone, Sterapred) (Liquid for children: Pediapred, Prelone) are used as short-term treatment for severe asthma episodes or as long-term therapy for some people with severe asthma. Again, these are not the same as anabolic steroids.

Long-acting beta agonists(Inhaled: Serevent) can be taken with or without an antiinflammatory medicine to help control daily symptoms, including nighttime asthma. This type of medicine can also prevent asthma triggered by exercise.

Because long-acting beta agonists can not relieve symptoms quickly, they should not be used for an acute attack. You also need a short-acting, inhaled beta agonist for acute symptoms.

Long-acting, inhaled beta agonists are not a substitute for antiinflammatory medicine. You should not decrease or stop taking your antiinflammatory medicine without talking to your doctor, even if you feel better.

Leukotriene modifiers  (Tablets: Accolate, Singulair) are a new type of long-term control medication. They prevent airway inflammation and swelling, decrease the amount of mucus in the lungs and open the airways.

Combined therapy medicine (inhaled) contains both a controller and reliever medicine.  This combination of a long-acting bronchodilator and corticosteroid is used for long-term control. 

Anti-IgE therapy (injected) is a new treatment for people with moderate or severe allergic asthma.  It attempts to stop allergic asthma at its root cause instead of just treating asthma symptoms. This drug is not inhaled, but rather injected by your doctor on a regular basis.  It does not eliminate your need for other asthma medications, but it can help to reduce your use of them. Due to its significant cost, this form of therapy is currently reserved for moderate to severe cases requiring multiple medications. Outdoor allergies (also called seasonal allergic rhinitis [SAR], hay fever, or nasal allergies) occur when allergens that are commonly found outdoors are inhaled into the nose and the lungs causing allergic reactions. Examples of commonly inhaled outdoor allergens are tree, grass and weed pollen and mold spores. Other allergens exist outdoors, such as stinging insects and poisonous plants, but these are usually considered contact, skin or insect allergens rather than inhaled allergens. Eye allergies (also called allergic conjunctivitis) is a common eye condition. It is often called "pink eye." It is an inflammation of the conjunctiva, the tissue that lines the inside of the eyelid and helps keep your eyelid and eyeball moist. Allergens (pollen, mold spores, pet dander, etc.), irritants (dirt, smoke, chemicals, chlorine, etc.) and even viruses and bacteria can cause conjunctivitis. Pink eye caused by allergens is called allergic conjunctivitis. If its caused by bacteria or viruses it can spread easily from person to person but is not a serious health risk if diagnosed quickly; allergic conjunctivitis is not contagious. Food allergies and allergic reactions to certain drugs are serious. They are characterized by a broad range of allergic reactions to ingredients in the foods we eat or the medications we take. Food allergy is an overreaction of the immune system, different than food intolerance or food sensitivity.

The U.S. Food Allergy Labeling Consumer Protection Act (FALCPA) now requires food labels to clearly identify all allergen ingredients (even if it's a spice or flavoring), and to discourage labels with may contain' statements. Although asthma cannot be cured it can be controlled. There are many medicines that help people with asthma. Some are preventive medicines and others are known as quick relievers. The preventive medicines are used for long-term control of the disease and work to make asthma attacks less frequent and less severe. Quick reliever medicines offer short-term relief of symptoms when asthma episodes occur.

Unless your asthma is very mild, chances are you have prescriptions for at least two different medicines. That can be confusing. The more you understand about what those medicines do and why they help, the more likely you are to use them correctly.

Although there are some potential unfavorable side effects from taking asthma medications, the benefit of successfully controlling your asthma outweighs the risks. It is important to discuss each of your asthma medications with your physician to learn more about their effects.

As just discussed, there are two kinds of asthma medications: long term controllers and quick relievers. Allergic (extrinsic) asthma is characterized by symptoms that are triggered by an allergic reaction. Allergic asthma is airway obstruction and inflammation that is partially reversible with medication. Allergic asthma is the most common form of asthma, affecting over 50% of the 20 million asthma sufferers.Over 2.5 million children under age 18 suffer from allergic asthma. Many of the symptoms of allergic and non-allergic asthma are the same (coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath or rapid breathing, and chest tightness). However, allergic asthma is triggered by inhaled allergens such as dust mite allergen, pet dander, pollen, mold, etc. resulting in asthma symptoms. How Is Mold Allergy Diagnosed?

To diagnose an allergy to mold or fungi, the doctor will take a complete medical history. If mold allergy is suspected, the doctor often will do skin tests. Extracts of different types of fungi will be used to scratch or prick the skin. If there is no reaction, allergy is not suggested. In some people with allergy, irritation alone can cause a reaction. Therefore the doctor uses the patient's medical history, the skin testing results, and the physical examination combined to diagnose mold allergy. Indoor allergies (perennial allergic rhinitis [PAR] or often called nasal allergies) occur when allergens that are commonly found indoors are inhaled into the nose and the lungs causing allergic reactions. Examples of indoor allergens are airborne cat or dog dander, dust mite feces and mold spores. Skin allergies (also called allergic contact dermatitis) occur when your skin comes in contact with an allergen that your skin is sensitive or allergic to. Also, allergies to other things like food you eat or proteins your breath in may cause symptoms to appear on your skin, such as hives or rashes. The reaction usually appears within 48 hours after the initial exposure to the allergen. Symptoms that are commonly seen include the following redness, swelling, blistering, itching, hives and rashes. The allergen can be a substance in a product that you have used for many years; it does not have to be a new product. Allergic contact dermatitis occurs more commonly in adults. The most common types of allergic contact dermatitis are allergies to poison ivy, oak and sumac. What Is Mold Allergy?

Mold and mildew are fungi. They differ from plants or animals in how they reproduce and grow. The "seeds," called spores, are spread by the wind outdoors and by air indoors. Some spores are released in dry, windy weather. Others are released with the fog or dew when humidity is high.

Inhaling the spores causes allergic reactions in some people. Allergic symptoms from fungus spores are most common from July to late summer. But with fungi growing in so many places, allergic reactions can occur year round.

Although there are many types of molds, only a few dozen cause allergic reactions. Alternaria, Cladosporium (Hormodendrum), Aspergillus, Penicillium, Helmin thosporium, Epicoccum, Fusarium, Mucor, Rhizopus and Aureobasidium (Pullularia) are the major culprits. Some common spores can be identified when viewed under a microscope. Some form recognizable growth or colonies.

Many molds grow on rotting logs and fallen leaves, in compost piles and on grasses and grains. Unlike pollens, molds do not die with the first killing frost. Most outdoor molds become dormant during the winter. In the spring they grow on plants killed by the cold.

Indoors, fungi grow in damp areas, particularly in the bathroom, kitchen or basement.

Who Gets the Allergy?

It is common for people to get mold allergy if they or other family members are allergic to substances such as pollen or animal dander. People may become allergic to only mold or fungi, or they may also have problems with dust mites, pollens and other spores. If you are allergic to only fungi, it is unlikely that you would be bothered by all fungi. The different types of fungi spores have only limited similarities.

People in some occupations have more exposure to mold and are at greater risk of developing allergies. Farmers, dairymen, loggers, bakers, mill workers, carpenters, greenhouse employees, wine makers and furniture repairers are at increased risk.

There is only weak evidence that allergic symptoms are caused by food fungi (e.g., mushrooms, dried fruit, foods containing yeast, vinegar or soy sauce). It is more likely that reactions to food fungi are caused by the food's direct effect on blood vessels. For example, histamine may be present because of the fermentation of red wines.

Fungi on house plants can cause an allergic reaction, but this is only likely to happen if the soil is disturbed.

Fungi can even grow in the human body. If not properly treated, intense inflammation can recur often. It can permanently damage airway walls. This is not common, though. Alternative Therapies    

What is Alternative Medicine?

Any unproven treatment for an illness or disease is considered an alternative medical approach by most American medical doctors. "Unproven" means there is not enough acceptable scientific evidence to show that the treatment works. The term alternative medicine refers to a wide variety of treatments considered outside "mainstream" or "usual" medical approaches in the United States today.


Why People Use Alternative Medicine?

Recent statistics show that nearly 40 percent of Americans try some form of alternative medicine. Medical and scientific experts do believe that some remedies may be worth a try, providing they are not harmful. In some cases, specific alternative medical treatment may improve or relieve symptoms of a specific illness or disease. Risks should not outweigh the potential benefits.

If you believe a particular alternative medical approach might help reduce your asthma or allergy symptoms, talk with your doctor about it, and how you could integrate that treatment into your overall asthma/allergy management plan.

No one should use alternative medicine without first consulting a board-certified physician. Any alternative medical approach should be used in addition to your normal asthma or allergy management plan.

You should not substitute an alternative medical treatment for your regular medications or treatments. Be especially careful about use of alternative medicine on children. Approaches that are harmless for adults may not be harmless for children!

Does Health Insurance Cover Alternative Medical Treatment?

Health plans vary in what alternative medicine expenses they will pay. Many plans provide coverage for some but not all alternative therapies. If your doctor writes you a prescription for a specific treatment such as acupuncture or massage, you may be more likely to get partial or full reimbursement of the expense. Always check with your insurance provider before assuming the coverage is available.

What are Cautions or Considerations for People Who Use Alternative Medicine?

Beware the placebo effect! If you really want an alternative medical treatment to work, you may think it is working, even if it really isn't! This "placebo effect" often occurs for people using alternative medicine. Symptoms of asthma or allergy also may improve on their own as an illness (like a cold or flu) runs its course. If you use prescribed medications for your allergy or asthma symptoms, it may take time for them to "kick in." So you may simply be feeling better because your medications started workingnot because the alternative medicine is working.

Read between the label lines! The federal government requires labels to state how an herb or vitamin may affect the body but labels are not required to carry health warnings. Labels also cannot claim any medical or health benefit. Products often are not properly labeled, especially those imported from other countries. Many people experience toxicand sometimes deadlyeffects from improperly using labeled herbs. Some products contain unnamed medicines such as steroids, anti-inflammatories or sedatives that act to reduce your symptoms. Other "hidden ingredients" in various products can be dangerous or even lethal. Use products tested for safety and effectiveness.

Follow directions! Never increase the amount or frequency of a dose or use a treatment or device in a different way than recommended. Do not use herbs in combinations. Do not take herbs if you are pregnant or breast feeding.

Beware of developing allergy symptoms! Allergies to specific plants and other substances (such as latex or nickel) can build up over time. Products you've used for years may suddenly cause mild to serious allergy symptoms, especially if you already are allergic to something. Check to see if new herbs, foods or other products you plan to use are in the same "family" as your known allergens.

Use quality products and services! Lack of quality standards is a serious problem for people who use various alternative medical treatments. Look for products that list the amount of the active ingredient(s). Make sure people giving you any kind of treatment are properly certified. Ask your pharmacist or health product store manager for recommendations. Research the product or service before you use it.

Consult with your physician before starting any new treatment! This point cannot be stressed enough. If you have symptoms of asthma or allergy, but you have not been diagnosed, consult a board-certified doctor for a proper diagnosis. Do not rely on health product store personnel to help treat undiagnosed symptoms. If you know you have asthma or allergies, again, talk with your doctor about the alternative medicine you want to usebefore you try it.

Are there Useful Alternative Therapies for People who have Asthma or Allergies?

Keep in mind: alternative therapy is medical treatment for which there is no conclusive, supporting scientific evidence. This does not necessarily mean the treatment is useless or ineffective. You simply must be careful in what you choose and how you use it.

Acupuncture. A technique that involves inserting needles into key points of the body. Evidence suggests that acupuncture may signal the brain to release endorphins. These are hormones made by the body. When released, endorphins can help reduce pain and create a sense of well being. People with asthma or allergy may experience more relaxed or calmer breathing. Users should be aware of the risk of contaminated needles or punctured organs.

Biofeedback. A technique that helps people control involuntary physical responses. Results are mixed, with children and teenagers showing the greatest benefit.

Chiropractic spinal manipulation.  A technique that emphasizes manipulation of the spine in order to help the body heal itself. There is no evidence that this treatment impairs the underlying disease or pulmonary function.

Hypnosis. An artificially induced dream state that leaves the person open to suggestion, hypnosis is a legitimate technique to help people manage various conditions. Hypnosis might give people with asthma or allergies more self-discipline to follow good health practices.

Laser treatment. A technique that uses high intensity light to shrink swollen tissue or unblock sinuses. Laser therapy may provide temporary relief, but it may also cause scarring or other long-term physical problems.

Massage, relaxation techniques, art/music therapy, yoga. Stress and anxiety may cause your airways to constrict more if you have asthma or allergies. Various techniques can help you relax, reduce anxiety or control your breathing. The results may provide some benefit in helping you cope with asthma or allergy symptoms. However, evidence is not conclusive that these techniques improve lung function. How Is Asthma Treated and Controlled?

Asthma is a long-term disease that has no cure. The goal of asthma treatment is to control the disease. Good asthma control will:

    Prevent chronic and troublesome symptoms, such as coughing and shortness of breath
    Reduce your need for quick-relief medicines (see below)
    Help you maintain good lung function
    Let you maintain your normal activity level and sleep through the night
    Prevent asthma attacks that could result in an emergency room visit or hospital stay

To control asthma, partner with your doctor to manage your asthma or your child's asthma. Children aged 10 or olderand younger children who are ableshould take an active role in their asthma care.

Taking an active role to control your asthma involves:

    Working with your doctor to treat other conditions that can interfere with asthma management.
    Avoiding things that worsen your asthma (asthma triggers). However, one trigger you should not avoid is physical activity. Physical activity is an important part of a healthy lifestyle. Talk with your doctor about medicines that can help you stay active.
    Working with your doctor and other health care providers to create and follow an asthma action plan.

An asthma action plan gives guidance on taking your medicines properly, avoiding asthma triggers (except physical activity), tracking your level of asthma control, responding to worsening symptoms, and seeking emergency care when needed.

Asthma is treated with two types of medicines: long-term control and quick-relief medicines. Long-term control medicines help reduce airway inflammation and prevent asthma symptoms. Quick-relief, or "rescue," medicines relieve asthma symptoms that may flare up.

Your initial treatment will depend on the severity of your asthma. Followup asthma treatment will depend on how well your asthma action plan is controlling your symptoms and preventing asthma attacks.

Your level of asthma control can vary over time and with changes in your home, school, or work environments. These changes can alter how often you're exposed to the factors that can worsen your asthma.

Your doctor may need to increase your medicine if your asthma doesn't stay under control. On the other hand, if your asthma is well controlled for several months, your doctor may decrease your medicine. These adjustments to your medicine will help you maintain the best control possible with the least amount of medicine necessary.

Asthma treatment for certain groups of peoplesuch as children, pregnant women, or those for whom exercise brings on asthma symptomswill be adjusted to meet their special needs.
Follow an Asthma Action Plan

You can work with your doctor to create a personal asthma action plan. The plan will describe your daily treatments, such as which medicines to take and when to take them. The plan also will explain when to call your doctor or go to the emergency room.

If your child has asthma, all of the people who care for him or her should know about the child's asthma action plan. This includes babysitters and workers at daycare centers, schools, and camps. These caretakers can help your child follow his or her action plan.

Go to the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's (NHLBI's) "Asthma Action Plan" for a sample plan.
Avoid Things That Can Worsen Your Asthma

Many common things (called asthma triggers) can set off or worsen your asthma symptoms. Once you know what these things are, you can take steps to control many of them. (For more information about asthma triggers, go to "What Are the Signs and Symptoms of Asthma?")

For example, exposure to pollens or air pollution might make your asthma worse. If so, try to limit time outdoors when the levels of these substances in the outdoor air are high. If animal fur triggers your asthma symptoms, keep pets with fur out of your home or bedroom.

One possible asthma trigger you shouldnt avoid is physical activity. Physical activity is an important part of a healthy lifestyle. Talk with your doctor about medicines that can help you stay active.

The NHLBI offers many useful tips for controlling asthma triggers. For more information, go to page 2 of NHLBI's "Asthma Action Plan."

If your asthma symptoms are clearly related to allergens, and you can't avoid exposure to those allergens, your doctor may advise you to get allergy shots.

You may need to see a specialist if you're thinking about getting allergy shots. These shots can lessen or prevent your asthma symptoms, but they can't cure your asthma.

Several health conditions can make asthma harder to manage. These conditions include runny nose, sinus infections, reflux disease, psychological stress, and sleep apnea. Your doctor will treat these conditions as well. Track Your Asthma

To track your asthma, keep records of your symptoms, check your peak flow number using a peak flow meter, and get regular asthma checkups.
Record Your Symptoms

You can record your asthma symptoms in a diary to see how well your treatments are controlling your asthma.

Asthma is well controlled if:

    You have symptoms no more than 2 days a week, and these symptoms don't wake you from sleep more than 1 or 2 nights a month.
    You can do all your normal activities.
    You take quick-relief medicines no more than 2 days a week.
    You have no more than one asthma attack a year that requires you to take corticosteroids by mouth.
    Your peak flow doesn't drop below 80 percent of your personal best number.

If your asthma isn't well controlled, contact your doctor. He or she may need to change your asthma action plan.
Use a Peak Flow Meter

This small, hand-held device shows how well air moves out of your lungs. You blow into the device and it gives you a score, or peak flow number. Your score shows how well your lungs are working at the time of the test.

Your doctor will tell you how and when to use your peak flow meter. He or she also will teach you how to take your medicines based on your score.

Your doctor and other health care providers may ask you to use your peak flow meter each morning and keep a record of your results. You may find it very useful to record peak flow scores for a couple of weeks before each medical visit and take the results with you.

When you're first diagnosed with asthma, it's important to find your "personal best" peak flow number. To do this, you record your score each day for a 2- to 3-week period when your asthma is well-controlled. The highest number you get during that time is your personal best. You can compare this number to future numbers to make sure your asthma is controlled.

Your peak flow meter can help warn you of an asthma attack, even before you notice symptoms. If your score shows that your breathing is getting worse, you should take your quick-relief medicines the way your asthma action plan directs. Then you can use the peak flow meter to check how well the medicine worked.
Get Asthma Checkups

When you first begin treatment, you'll see your doctor about every 2 to 6 weeks. Once your asthma is controlled, your doctor may want to see you from once a month to twice a year.

During these checkups, your doctor may ask whether you've had an asthma attack since the last visit or any changes in symptoms or peak flow measurements. He or she also may ask about your daily activities. This information will help your doctor assess your level of asthma control.

Your doctor also may ask whether you have any problems or concerns with taking your medicines or following your asthma action plan. Based on your answers to these questions, your doctor may change the dose of your medicine or give you a new medicine.

If your control is very good, you might be able to take less medicine. The goal is to use the least amount of medicine needed to control your asthma. Quote by girl soccer player: "I'm unstoppable... when I take my asthma medicine, I'm fine."

Regular physical activity is important to the health and well-being of all students.

Yet students who have asthma and their families often see asthma as a barrier to being physically active. About 1 in every 10 children has asthma, a common but serious chronic disease. Poorly controlled asthma can lead to debilitating symptoms, school absences, and life-threatening events that require emergency care. Asthma can limit a student's ability to play, learn, and sleepall critical to his or her development.

When asthma is well managed and well controlled, however, students who have asthma should be able to participate fully in all activities, including vigorous exercise. As a classroom teacher, physical education teacher, coach, or person who is supervising school-age youth who are engaged in physical activity, you can use the practical strategies outlined in this booklet to lessen the burden of asthma on students, families, and the school community.

It is our hope that this booklet will promote partnerships among students, families, health care providers, and school personnel that will empower students to take control of their asthma and to participate fully and safely in sports and physical activities. Use it with its companion publication, Managing Asthma: A Guide for Schoolsdeveloped collaboratively by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's National Asthma Education and Prevention Program and the U.S. Department of Educationto help make your school's policies and practices more asthma-friendly. What Is Asthma?

Asthma (AZ-ma) is a chronic (long-term) lung disease that inflames and narrows the airways. Asthma causes recurring periods of wheezing (a whistling sound when you breathe), chest tightness, shortness of breath, and coughing. The coughing often occurs at night or early in the morning.

Asthma affects people of all ages, but it most often starts during childhood. In the United States, more than 25 million people are known to have asthma. About 7 million of these people are children.

To understand asthma, it helps to know how the airways work. The airways are tubes that carry air into and out of your lungs. People who have asthma have inflamed airways. This makes them swollen and very sensitive. They tend to react strongly to certain inhaled substances.

When the airways react, the muscles around them tighten. This narrows the airways, causing less air to flow into the lungs. The swelling also can worsen, making the airways even narrower. Cells in the airways might make more mucus than usual. Mucus is a sticky, thick liquid that can further narrow the airways.

This chain reaction can result in asthma symptoms. Symptoms can happen each time the airways are inflamed.


Sometimes asthma symptoms are mild and go away on their own or after minimal treatment with asthma medicine. Other times, symptoms continue to get worse.

When symptoms get more intense and/or more symptoms occur, you're having an asthma attack. Asthma attacks also are called flareups or exacerbations (eg-zas-er-BA-shuns).

Treating symptoms when you first notice them is important. This will help prevent the symptoms from worsening and causing a severe asthma attack. Severe asthma attacks may require emergency care, and they can be fatal.

Asthma has no cure. Even when you feel fine, you still have the disease and it can flare up at any time.

However, with today's knowledge and treatments, most people who have asthma are able to manage the disease. They have few, if any, symptoms. They can live normal, active lives and sleep through the night without interruption from asthma.

If you have asthma, you can take an active role in managing the disease. For successful, thorough, and ongoing treatment, build strong partnerships with your doctor and other health care providers. All people who have asthma need quick-relief medicines to help relieve asthma symptoms that may flare up. Inhaled short-acting beta2-agonistsexternal link icon are the first choice for quick relief.

These medicines act quickly to relax tight muscles around your airways when you're having a flareup. This allows the airways to open up so air can flow through them.

You should take your quick-relief medicine when you first notice asthma symptoms. If you use this medicine more than 2 days a week, talk with your doctor about your asthma control. You may need to make changes to your asthma action plan.

Carry your quick-relief inhaler with you at all times in case you need it. If your child has asthma, make sure that anyone caring for him or her has the child's quick-relief medicines, including staff at the child's school. They should understand when and how to use these medicines and when to seek medical care for your child.

You shouldn't use quick-relief medicines in place of prescribed long-term control medicines. Quick-relief medicines don't reduce inflammation. Most people who have asthma need to take long-term control medicines daily to help prevent symptoms. The most effective long-term medicines reduce airway inflammation, which helps prevent symptoms from starting. These medicines don't give you quick relief from symptoms.

Inhaled corticosteroids. Inhaled corticosteroids are the preferred medicine for long-term control of asthma. They're the most effective option for long-term relief of the inflammation and swelling that makes your airways sensitive to certain inhaled substances.

Reducing inflammation helps prevent the chain reaction that causes asthma symptoms. Most people who take these medicines daily find they greatly reduce the severity of symptoms and how often they occur.

Inhaled corticosteroids generally are safe when taken as prescribed. These medicines are different from the illegal anabolic steroids taken by some athletes. Inhaled corticosteroids aren't habit-forming, even if you take them every day for many years.
Check with your doctor to see whether a spacer or holding chamber should be used with the inhaler you have. Also, work with your health care team if you have any questions about how to use a spacer or holding chamber. Rinsing your mouth out with water after taking inhaled corticosteroids also can lower your risk for thrush.

If you have severe asthma, you may have to take corticosteroid pills or liquid for short periods to get your asthma under control.
Your doctor may have you add another long-term asthma control medicine so he or she can lower your dose of corticosteroids. Or, your doctor may suggest you take calcium and vitamin D pills to protect your bones.

Other long-term control medicines. Other long-term control medicines include:

    Cromolynexternal link icon. This medicine is taken using a device called a nebulizer. As you breathe in, the nebulizer sends a fine mist of medicine to your lungs. Cromolyn helps prevent airway inflammation.
    Omalizumabexternal link icon (anti-IgE). This medicine is given as a shot (injection) one or two times a month. It helps prevent your body from reacting to asthma triggers, such as pollen and dust. Anti-IgE might be used if other asthma medicines have not worked well.
    Inhaled long-acting beta2-agonistsexternal link icon. These medicines open the airways. They might be added to low-dose inhaled corticosteroids to improve asthma control. Inhaled long-acting beta2-agonists should never be used for long-term asthma control unless they're used with inhaled corticosteroids.
    Leukotriene modifiersexternal link icon. These medicines are taken by mouth. They help block the chain reaction that increases inflammation in your airways.
    Theophyllineexternal link icon. This medicine is taken by mouth. Theophylline helps open the airways.

If your doctor prescribes a long-term control medicine, take it every day to control your asthma. Your asthma symptoms will likely return or get worse if you stop taking your medicine. With some medicines, like theophylline, your doctor will check the level of medicine in your blood. This helps ensure that youre getting enough medicine to relieve your asthma symptoms, but not so much that it causes dangerous side effects. How To Control Things That Make Your Asthma Worse

This guide suggests things you can do to avoid your asthma triggers. Put a check next to the triggers that you know make your asthma worse and ask your doctor to help you find out if you have other triggers as well. Then decide with your doctor what steps you will take.
Allergens
Animal Dander

Some people are allergic to the flakes of skin or dried saliva from animals with fur or feathers.
The best thing to do:

    Keep furred or feathered pets out of your home.

If you can't keep the pet outdoors, then:

    Keep the pet out of your bedroom and other sleeping areas at all times, and keep the door closed.
    Remove carpets and furniture covered with cloth from your home. If that is not possible, keep the pet away from fabric-covered furniture and carpets.

Dust Mites

Many people with asthma are allergic to dust mites. Dust mites are tiny bugs that are found in every home-in mattresses, pillows, carpets, upholstered furniture, bedcovers, clothes, stuffed toys, and fabric or other fabric-covered items.

Things that can help:

    Encase your mattress in a special dust-proof cover.
    Encase your pillow in a special dust-proof cover or wash the pillow each week in hot water. Water must be hotter than 130 F to kill the mites. Cold or warm water used with detergent and bleach can also be effective.
    Wash the sheets and blankets on your bed each week in hot water.
    Reduce indoor humidity to below 60 percent (ideally between 30-50 percent). Dehumidifiers or central air conditioners can do this.
    Try not to sleep or lie on cloth-covered cushions.
    Remove carpets from your bedroom and those laid on concrete, if you can.
    Keep stuffed toys out of the bed or wash the toys weekly in hot water or cooler water with detergent and bleach.

Cockroaches

Many people with asthma are allergic to the dried droppings and remains of cockroaches.

The best thing to do:

    Keep food and garbage in closed containers. Never leave food out.
    Use poison baits, powders, gels, or paste (for example, boric acid). You can also use traps.
    If a spray is used to kill roaches, stay out of the room until the odor goes away.

Indoor Mold

    Fix leaky faucets, pipes, or other sources of water that have mold around them.
    Clean moldy surfaces with a cleaner that has bleach in it.

Pollen and Outdoor Mold

What to do during your allergy season (when pollen or mold spore counts are high):

    Try to keep your windows closed.
    Stay indoors with windows closed from late morning to afternoon, if you can. Pollen and some mold spore counts are highest at that time.
    Ask your doctor whether you need to take or increase anti-inflammatory medicine before your allergy season starts.

Irritants
Tobacco Smoke

    If you smoke, ask your doctor for ways to help you quit. Ask family members to quit smoking, too.
    Do not allow smoking in your home or car.

Smoke, Strong Odors, and Sprays

    If possible, do not use a wood-burning stove, kerosene heater, or fireplace.
    Try to stay away from strong odors and sprays, such as perfume, talcum powder, hair spray, and paints.

Other things that bring on asthma symptoms in some people include:
Vacuum Cleaning

    Try to get someone else to vacuum for you once or twice a week, if you can. Stay out of rooms while they are being vacuumed and for a short while afterward.
    If you vacuum, use a dust mask (from a hardware store), a double-layered or microfilter vacuum cleaner bag, or a vacuum cleaner with a HEPA filter.

Other Things That Can Make Asthma Worse

    Sulfites in foods and beverages: Do not drink beer or wine or eat dried fruit, processed potatoes, or shrimp if they cause asthma symptoms.
    Cold air: Cover your nose and mouth with a scarf on cold or windy days.
    Other medicines: Tell your doctor about all the medicines you take. Include cold medicines, aspirin, vitamins and other supplements, and nonselective beta-blockers (including those in eye drops).
 Asthma Treatment for Special Groups

The treatments described above generally apply to all people who have asthma. However, some aspects of treatment differ for people in certain age groups and those who have special needs.
Children

It's hard to diagnose asthma in children younger than 5 years. Thus, it's hard to know whether young children who wheeze or have other asthma symptoms will benefit from long-term control medicines. (Quick-relief medicines tend to relieve wheezing in young children whether they have asthma or not.)

Doctors will treat infants and young children who have asthma symptoms with long-term control medicines if, after assessing a child, they feel that the symptoms are persistent and likely to continue after 6 years of age. (For more information, go to "How Is Asthma Diagnosed?")

Inhaled corticosteroids are the preferred treatment for young children. Montelukast and cromolyn are other options. Treatment might be given for a trial period of 1 month to 6 weeks. Treatment usually is stopped if benefits aren't seen during that time and the doctor and parents are confident the medicine was used properly.

Inhaled corticosteroids can possibly slow the growth of children of all ages. Slowed growth usually is apparent in the first several months of treatment, is generally small, and doesn't get worse over time. Poorly controlled asthma also may reduce a child's growth rate.

Many experts think the benefits of inhaled corticosteroids for children who need them to control their asthma far outweigh the risk of slowed growth.
Older Adults

Doctors may need to adjust asthma treatment for older adults who take certain other medicines, such as beta blockers, aspirin and other pain relievers, and anti-inflammatory medicines. These medicines can prevent asthma medicines from working well and may worsen asthma symptoms.

Be sure to tell your doctor about all of the medicines you take, including over-the-counter medicines.

Older adults may develop weak bones from using inhaled corticosteroids, especially at high doses. Talk with your doctor about taking calcium and vitamin D pills, as well as other ways to help keep your bones strong.
Pregnant Women

Pregnant women who have asthma need to control the disease to ensure a good supply of oxygen to their babies. Poor asthma control increases the risk that a baby will be born early and have a low birth weight. Poor asthma control can even risk the baby's life.

Studies show that it's safer to take asthma medicines while pregnant than to risk having an asthma attack.

Talk with your doctor if you have asthma and are pregnant or planning a pregnancy. Your level of asthma control may get better or it may get worse while you're pregnant. Your health care team will check your asthma control often and adjust your treatment as needed.
People Whose Asthma Symptoms Occur With Physical Activity

Physical activity is an important part of a healthy lifestyle. Adults need physical activity to maintain good health. Children need it for growth and development.

In some people, however, physical activity can trigger asthma symptoms. If this happens to you or your child, talk with your doctor about the best ways to control asthma so you can stay active.

The following medicines may help prevent asthma symptoms caused by physical activity:

    Short-acting beta2-agonists (quick-relief medicine) taken shortly before physical activity can last 2 to 3 hours and prevent exercise-related symptoms in most people who take them.
    Long-acting beta2-agonists can be protective for up to 12 hours. However, with daily use, they'll no longer give up to 12 hours of protection. Also, frequent use of these medicines for physical activity might be a sign that asthma is poorly controlled.
    Leukotriene modifiers. These pills are taken several hours before physical activity. They can help relieve asthma symptoms brought on by physical activity.
    Long-term control medicines. Frequent or severe symptoms due to physical activity may suggest poorly controlled asthma and the need to either start or increase long-term control medicines that reduce inflammation. This will help prevent exercise-related symptoms.

Easing into physical activity with a warmup period may be helpful. You also may want to wear a mask or scarf over your mouth when exercising in cold weather.

If you use your asthma medicines as your doctor directs, you should be able to take part in any physical activity or sport you choose.
People Having Surgery

Asthma may add to the risk of having problems during and after surgery. For instance, having a tube put into your throat may cause an asthma attack.

Tell your surgeon about your asthma when you first talk with him or her. The surgeon can take steps to lower your risk, such as giving you asthma medicines before or during surgery. What Are the Lungs?

Your lungs are organs in your chest that allow your body to take in oxygen from the air. They also help remove carbon dioxide (a waste gas that can be toxic) from your body.

The lungs' intake of oxygen and removal of carbon dioxide is called gas exchange. Gas exchange is part of breathing. Breathing is a vital function of life; it helps your body work properly.

Other organs and tissues also help make breathing possible.  Asthma is treated with two types of medicines: long-term control and quick-relief medicines. Long-term control medicines help reduce airway inflammation and prevent asthma symptoms. Quick-relief, or "rescue," medicines relieve asthma symptoms that may flare up.

Your doctor will consider many things when deciding which asthma medicines are best for you. He or she will check to see how well a medicine works for you. Then, he or she will adjust the dose or medicine as needed.

Asthma medicines can be taken in pill form, but most are taken using a device called an inhaler. An inhaler allows the medicine to go directly to your lungs.

Not all inhalers are used the same way. Ask your doctor or another health care provider to show you the right way to use your inhaler. Review the way you use your inhaler at every medical visit.
Your doctor may need to increase your medicine if your asthma doesn't stay under control. On the other hand, if your asthma is well controlled for several months, your doctor may decrease your medicine. These adjustments to your medicine will help you maintain the best control possible with the least amount of medicine necessary. Emergency Care

Most people who have asthma, including many children, can safely manage their symptoms by following their asthma action plans. However, you might need medical attention at times.

Call your doctor for advice if:

    Your medicines don't relieve an asthma attack.
    Your peak flow is less than half of your personal best peak flow number.

Call 911 for emergency care if:

    You have trouble walking and talking because you're out of breath.
    You have blue lips or fingernails.

At the hospital, you'll be closely watched and given oxygen and more medicines, as well as medicines at higher doses than you take at home. Such treatment can save your life. Ensure Students Have Easy Access to Their Medication
Asthma Medications

All students who have asthma must have quick-relief medication available at school to take as needed to relieve symptoms, and, if directed, to take before exposure to an asthma trigger, such as exercise.

Many students who have asthma require both long-term control medications and quick-relief medications. These medications prevent as well as treat symptoms and enable the student to participate safely and fully in physical activities.

Most asthma medications are inhaled as sprays or powders and may be taken using metered-dose inhalers, dry powder inhalers, or nebulizers. A metered-dose inhaler is a pressurized canister that delivers a dose of medication and does not require deep and fast breathing (see Appendix 3 for instructions). A dry powder inhaler is another kind of inhaler that does require deep and fast breathing to get the medication into the lungs (see Appendix 4 for instructions). A nebulizer is a machine that turns liquid medication into a fine mist. Whichever delivery method is used, it is important for students to take their medications correctly.

LONG-TERM CONTROL MEDICATIONS are usually taken daily to control underlying airway inflammation and thereby prevent asthma symptoms. They can significantly reduce a student's need for quick-relief medication.

Inhaled corticosteroids are the most effective long-term control medications for asthma. It is important to remember that inhaled corticosteroids are generally safe for long-term use when taken as prescribed. They are not addictive and are not the same as illegal anabolic steroids used by some athletes to build muscles.

QUICK-RELIEF MEDICATIONS (also known as short-acting bronchodilators) are taken when needed for rapid, short-term relief of asthma symptoms. They help stop asthma attacks by temporarily relaxing the muscles around the airways. However, they do nothing to treat the underlying airway inflammation that caused the symptoms to flare up.

An additional use for quick-relief medications is the prevention of asthma symptoms in students who have exercise-induced asthma. These students may be directed by their health care provider to take their quick-relief medication inhaler 5 minutes before participating in physical activities.


Ensuring Access

Ensuring that students who have asthma have quick and easy access to their quick-relief medication is essential. These students often require medication during school to treat asthma symptoms or to take just before participating in physical activities or exposure to another asthma trigger. If accessing the medication is difficult, inconvenient, or embarrassing, the student may be discouraged and fail to use his or her quick-relief medication as needed. The student's asthma may become unnecessarily worse and his or her activities needlessly limited.

A parent or guardian should provide to the school the student's prescribed asthma medication so that it may be administered by the school nurse or other designated school personnel, according to applicable federal, state, and district laws, regulations, and policies. Federal legislation relevant to the needs and rights of students who have asthma includes the Americans with Disabilities Act (www.ada.gov), Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974, Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (http://idea.ed.gov), and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973. Additional information about these laws is available from the Office for Civil Rights at the U.S. Department of Education (see Appendix 5).

In addition, all 50 states and the District of Columbia have laws allowing students to carry and self-administer their prescribed quick-relief asthma medications in school settings. Required documentation usually includes having on file at the school a written asthma action plan and/or medication authorization form signed by the student's physician and parent or guardian, and in some jurisdictions, the school nurse.

The NHLBI's publication When Should Students With Asthma or Allergies Carry and Self-Administer Emergency Medications at School? provides useful guidance for determining when to entrust and encourage a student with diagnosed asthma to carry and self-administer prescribed emergency medications at school. In addition, the Allergy and Asthma Network/Mothers of Asthmatics has information on federal and state laws that address students' rights to carry and self-administer prescribed asthma medications. You also can look for asthma-related laws and regulations in each state and territory through the Library of Congress (see Appendix 5). A sthma is a chronic (longterm) lung disease that inflames and narrows the airways.  This makes the airways swollen and 
very sensitive.  They tend to react strongly to certain substances that are breathed in. 
When the airways react, the muscles around them tighten.  This causes the airways to narrow, and less air flows to your lungs.  The swelling also can worsen, making the airways even narrower.  Cells in the airways may make more mucus than normal.  (Mucus is a sticky, thick liquid that can further narrow your airways.) 
This chain reaction can result in asthma symptoms.  Symptoms may include wheezing (a whistling sound when you breathe), chest tightness, shortness of breath, and coughing.  
Symptoms can happen each time the airways are irritated. 
Sometimes symptoms are mild and go away on their own or after minimal treatment with an asthma medicine.  Other times, symptoms continue to get worse.  When symptoms get more intense and/or additional symptoms occur, this is an asthma attack. 
Its important to treat symptoms when you first notice them.  This will help prevent the symptoms from worsening and causing a severe asthma attack.  Severe asthma attacks may require emergency care, and they can cause death.
Causes and Risk Factors
The exact cause of asthma isnt known.  Research ers think a combination of factors (family genes and certain environmental exposures) interact to cause asthma.  Different factors may be more likely to cause asthma in some people 
than in others.  Asthma affects people of all ages, but it most often starts in childhood.  In the United States, 
more than 22 million people are known to have asthma.  Nearly 6 million of these people are children.
Among children, more boys have asthma than girls.  But among adults, more women have the disease than men.  Its not clear whether or how gender and sex hormones play a role in causing asthma.
Most, but not all, people who have asthma have allergies. 
Living With Asthma
Asthma is a longterm disease that cant be cured.  It is treated with two types of medicines:  
longterm control and quickrelief medicines.  
Longterm control medicines help reduce airway inflammation and prevent asthma symptoms.  Quickrelief, or rescue, medicines relieve asthma symptoms when they flare up.
Your initial asthma treatment will depend on how severe your disease is.  Followup asthma treatment will depend on how well your asthma action plan is working to control your symptoms and prevent asthma attacks. The goal of asthma treatment is to control the disease and prevent asthma attacks.  Good asthma control will:
	 Prevent chronic and troublesome symptoms, such as coughing and shortness of breath 
	 Reduce your need for quickrelief medicines 
	 Help you maintain good lung function 
	 Let you maintain your normal activity levels and sleep through the night
	 Prevent asthma attacks that could result in 
your going to the emergency room or being admitted to the hospital for treatment 
To reach this goal, you should actively partner with your doctor to manage the disease and create and follow an asthma action plan.  An asthma action plan gives guidance on taking your medicines properly, avoiding factors that worsen your asthma, tracking your level of asthma control, responding to worsening asthma, and seeking emergency care when 
needed. 
With todays knowledge and treatments, most people who have asthma are able to manage the disease.  They have few, if any, symptoms and can live normal, active lives. Medicines

Your doctor will consider many things when deciding which asthma medicines are best for you. He or she will check to see how well a medicine works for you. Then, he or she will adjust the dose or medicine as needed.

Asthma medicines can be taken in pill form, but most are taken using a device called an inhaler. An inhaler allows the medicine to go directly to your lungs.

Not all inhalers are used the same way. Ask your doctor or another health care provider to show you the right way to use your inhaler. Review the way you use your inhaler at every medical visit.
Long-Term Control Medicines

Most people who have asthma need to take long-term control medicines daily to help prevent symptoms. The most effective long-term medicines reduce airway inflammation, which helps prevent symptoms from starting. These medicines don't give you quick relief from symptoms.

Inhaled corticosteroids. Inhaled corticosteroids are the preferred medicine for long-term control of asthma. They're the most effective option for long-term relief of the inflammation and swelling that makes your airways sensitive to certain inhaled substances.

Reducing inflammation helps prevent the chain reaction that causes asthma symptoms. Most people who take these medicines daily find they greatly reduce the severity of symptoms and how often they occur.

Inhaled corticosteroids generally are safe when taken as prescribed. These medicines are different from the illegal anabolic steroids taken by some athletes. Inhaled corticosteroids aren't habit-forming, even if you take them every day for many years.

Like many other medicines, though, inhaled corticosteroids can have side effects. Most doctors agree that the benefits of taking inhaled corticosteroids and preventing asthma attacks far outweigh the risk of side effects.

One common side effect from inhaled corticosteroids is a mouth infection called thrush. You might be able to use a spacer or holding chamber on your inhaler to avoid thrush. These devices attach to your inhaler. They help prevent the medicine from landing in your mouth or on the back of your throat.

Check with your doctor to see whether a spacer or holding chamber should be used with the inhaler you have. Also, work with your health care team if you have any questions about how to use a spacer or holding chamber. Rinsing your mouth out with water after taking inhaled corticosteroids also can lower your risk for thrush.

If you have severe asthma, you may have to take corticosteroid pills or liquid for short periods to get your asthma under control.

If taken for long periods, these medicines raise your risk for cataracts and osteoporosis (OS-te-o-po-RO-sis). A cataract is the clouding of the lens in your eye. Osteoporosis is a disorder that makes your bones weak and more likely to break.

Your doctor may have you add another long-term asthma control medicine so he or she can lower your dose of corticosteroids. Or, your doctor may suggest you take calcium and vitamin D pills to protect your bones.

Other long-term control medicines. Other long-term control medicines include:

    Cromolynexternal link icon. This medicine is taken using a device called a nebulizer. As you breathe in, the nebulizer sends a fine mist of medicine to your lungs. Cromolyn helps prevent airway inflammation.
    Omalizumabexternal link icon (anti-IgE). This medicine is given as a shot (injection) one or two times a month. It helps prevent your body from reacting to asthma triggers, such as pollen and dust. Anti-IgE might be used if other asthma medicines have not worked well.
    Inhaled long-acting beta2-agonistsexternal link icon. These medicines open the airways. They might be added to low-dose inhaled corticosteroids to improve asthma control. Inhaled long-acting beta2-agonists should never be used for long-term asthma control unless they're used with inhaled corticosteroids.
    Leukotriene modifiersexternal link icon. These medicines are taken by mouth. They help block the chain reaction that increases inflammation in your airways.
    Theophyllineexternal link icon. This medicine is taken by mouth. Theophylline helps open the airways.

If your doctor prescribes a long-term control medicine, take it every day to control your asthma. Your asthma symptoms will likely return or get worse if you stop taking your medicine.

Long-term control medicines can have side effects. Talk with your doctor about these side effects and ways to reduce or avoid them.

With some medicines, like theophylline, your doctor will check the level of medicine in your blood. This helps ensure that youre getting enough medicine to relieve your asthma symptoms, but not so much that it causes dangerous side effects.
Quick-Relief Medicines

All people who have asthma need quick-relief medicines to help relieve asthma symptoms that may flare up. Inhaled short-acting beta2-agonistsexternal link icon are the first choice for quick relief.

These medicines act quickly to relax tight muscles around your airways when you're having a flareup. This allows the airways to open up so air can flow through them.

You should take your quick-relief medicine when you first notice asthma symptoms. If you use this medicine more than 2 days a week, talk with your doctor about your asthma control. You may need to make changes to your asthma action plan.

Carry your quick-relief inhaler with you at all times in case you need it. If your child has asthma, make sure that anyone caring for him or her has the child's quick-relief medicines, including staff at the child's school. They should understand when and how to use these medicines and when to seek medical care for your child.

You shouldn't use quick-relief medicines in place of prescribed long-term control medicines. Quick-relief medicines don't reduce inflammation. Clinical Trials

The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) is strongly committed to supporting research aimed at preventing and treating heart, lung, and blood diseases and conditions and sleep disorders.

NHLBI-supported research has led to many advances in medical knowledge and care. For example, this research has uncovered some of the causes of chronic lung diseases, as well as ways to prevent and treat these diseases.

Many more questions remain about chronic lung diseases, including asthma. The NHLBI continues to support research aimed at learning more about these diseases. For example, NHLBI-supported research on asthma includes studies that:

    Explore how substances in exhaled breath can be used to predict asthma symptoms
    Evaluate and explore genes that might be involved in the development of asthma
    Identify substances in the airways that might cause airway inflammation
    Examine the effect of a widely used diabetes medicine on severe asthma

Much of this research depends on the willingness of volunteers to take part in clinical trials. Clinical trials test new ways to prevent, diagnose, or treat various diseases and conditions.

For example, new treatments for a disease or condition (such as medicines, medical devices, surgeries, or procedures) are tested in volunteers who have the illness. Testing shows whether a treatment is safe and effective in humans before it is made available for widespread use.

By taking part in a clinical trial, you may gain access to new treatments before they're widely available. You also will have the support of a team of health care providers, who will likely monitor your health closely. Even if you don't directly benefit from the results of a clinical trial, the information gathered can help others and add to scientific knowledge.

If you volunteer for a clinical trial, the research will be explained to you in detail. You'll learn about treatments and tests you may receive, and the benefits and risks they may pose. You'll also be given a chance to ask questions about the research. This process is called informed consent.

If you agree to take part in the trial, you'll be asked to sign an informed consent form. This form is not a contract. You have the right to withdraw from a study at any time, for any reason. Also, you have the right to learn about new risks or findings that emerge during the trial.

For more information about clinical trials related to asthma, talk with your doctor.  Living With Asthma

If you have asthma, youll need long-term care. Successful asthma treatment requires that you take an active role in your care and follow your asthma action plan.
Learn How To Manage Your Asthma

Partner with your doctor to develop an asthma action plan. This plan will help you know when and how to take your medicines. The plan also will help you identify your asthma triggers and manage your disease if asthma symptoms worsen.

Children aged 10 or olderand younger children who can handle itshould be involved in creating and following their asthma action plans. For a sample plan, go to the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's "Asthma Action Plan."

Most people who have asthma can successfully manage their symptoms by following their asthma action plans and having regular checkups. However, knowing when to seek emergency medical care is important.

Learn how to use your medicines correctly. If you take inhaled medicines, you should practice using your inhaler at your doctor's office. If you take long-term control medicines, take them daily as your doctor prescribes.

Record your asthma symptoms as a way to track how well your asthma is controlled. Also, your doctor may advise you to use a peak flow meter to measure and record how well your lungs are working.

Your doctor may ask you to keep records of your symptoms or peak flow results daily for a couple of weeks before an office visit. You'll bring these records with you to the visit. (For more information about using a peak flow meter, go to "How Is Asthma Treated and Controlled?")

These steps will help you keep track of how well you're controlling your asthma over time. This will help you spot problems early and prevent or relieve asthma attacks. Recording your symptoms and peak flow results to share with your doctor also will help him or her decide whether to adjust your treatment.
Ongoing Care

Have regular asthma checkups with your doctor so he or she can assess your level of asthma control and adjust your treatment as needed. Remember, the main goal of asthma treatment is to achieve the best control of your asthma using the least amount of medicine. This may require frequent adjustments to your treatments.

If you find it hard to follow your asthma action plan or the plan isn't working well, let your health care team know right away. They will work with you to adjust your plan to better suit your needs.

Get treatment for any other conditions that can interfere with your asthma management.
Watch for Signs That Your Asthma Is Getting Worse

Your asthma might be getting worse if:

    Your symptoms start to occur more often, are more severe, or bother you at night and cause you to lose sleep.
    You're limiting your normal activities and missing school or work because of your asthma.
    Your peak flow number is low compared to your personal best or varies a lot from day to day.
    Your asthma medicines don't seem to work well anymore.
    You have to use your quick-relief inhaler more often. If you're using quick-relief medicine more than 2 days a week, your asthma isn't well controlled.
    You have to go to the emergency room or doctor because of an asthma attack.

If you have any of these signs, see your doctor. He or she might need to change your medicines or take other steps to control your asthma.

Partner with your health care team and take an active role in your care. This can help you better control your asthma so it doesn't interfere with your activities and disrupt your life. Common signs and symptoms of asthma include:
    Coughing. Coughing from asthma often is worse at night or early in the morning, making it hard to sleep.
    Wheezing. Wheezing is a whistling or squeaky sound that occurs when you breathe.
    Chest tightness. This may feel like something is squeezing or sitting on your chest.
    Shortness of breath. Some people who have asthma say they can't catch their breath or they feel out of breath. You may feel like you can't get air out of your lungs.

Not all people who have asthma have these symptoms. Likewise, having these symptoms doesn't always mean that you have asthma. The best way doctors have to diagnose asthma is to use a lung function test, ask about medical history (including type and frequency of symptoms), and do a physical exam.

The type of asthma symptoms you have, how often they occur, and how severe they are may vary over time. Sometimes your symptoms may just annoy you. Other times, they may be troublesome enough to limit your daily routine.

Severe symptoms can be fatal. Thus, treating symptoms when you first notice them is important, so they dont become severe.

With proper treatment, most people who have asthma can expect to have few, if any, symptoms either during the day or at night.

What Causes Asthma Symptoms To Occur? Many things can trigger or worsen asthma symptoms. Your doctor will help you find out which things (called triggers) may cause your asthma to flare up if you come in contact with them. Triggers can include:

    Allergens from dust, animal fur, cockroaches, mold, and pollens from trees, grasses, and flowers
    Irritants such as cigarette smoke, air pollution, chemicals or dust in the workplace, compounds in home d?cor products, and sprays (such as hairspray)
    Medicines such as aspirin or other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and nonselective beta-blockers
    Sulfites in foods and drinks
    Viral upper respiratory infections, such as colds
    Physical activity, including exercise

Other health conditions can make asthma harder to manage. Examples of these conditions include a runny nose, sinus infections, reflux disease, psychological stress, and sleep apnea. These conditions should be treated as part of an overall asthma care plan.

Asthma is different for each person. Some of the triggers listed above may not affect you. Other triggers that do affect you might not be on the list. Talk with your doctor about the things that seem to make your asthma worse. Who Is at Risk for Asthma?

Asthma affects people of all ages, but it most often starts during childhood. In the United States, more than 25 million people are known to have asthma. About 7 million of these people are children.

Young children who often wheeze and have respiratory infectionsas well as certain other risk factorsare at highest risk of developing asthma that continues beyond 6 years of age. The other risk factors include having allergies, eczema (an allergic skin condition), or parents who have asthma.

Among children, more boys have asthma than girls. But among adults, the disease affects men and women equally. It's not clear whether or how sex and sex hormones play a role in causing asthma.

Most, but not all, people who have asthma have allergies.

Some people develop asthma because of contact with certain chemical irritants or industrial dusts in the workplace. This type of asthma is called occupational asthma. What Is Asthma?

Asthma is a serious chronic lung disease that inflames and narrows the airways. Although inflammation is a helpful defense mechanism for our bodies, it can be harmful if it occurs at the wrong time or stays around after it's no longer needed.

That is what happens when a person has asthma. Ongoing inflammation (swelling) makes the airways in the lungs more sensitive to things that they see as foreign and harmfulsuch as bacteria, viruses, dust, tobacco smoke, and strong odorsalso called asthma "triggers." The immune system of a person who has asthma overreacts to these things by releasing different kinds of cells and chemicals that cause one or more of the following changes in the airways:

    The inner linings of the airways become inflamed (swollen), leaving less room in the airways for the air to move through.
    The muscles surrounding the airways tighten up, which narrows the airways even more. (This is called bronchospasm.)
    The mucus glands in the airways produce lots of thick mucus, which further blocks the airways.

These changes can make it harder for the person who has asthma to breathe. They also can cause coughing, wheezing, tightness in the chest, and shortness of breath.

If the inflammation associated with asthma is not treated, each time the airways are exposed to their asthma triggers the inflammation increases, and the person with asthma is likely to have symptoms.

Exercise-induced asthma (also called exercise-induced bronchospasm) is asthma that is triggered by physical activity. Vigorous exercise will cause symptoms for most students who have asthma if their asthma is not well-controlled. Some students experience asthma symptoms only when they exercise.

Asthma varies from student to student and often from season to season or even hour by hour. At times, programs for students who have asthma may need to be temporarily modified, such as by varying the type, intensity, duration, and/or frequency of activity. At all times, students who have asthma should be included in activities as much as possible. Remaining behind in the gym or library or frequently sitting on the bench can set the stage for teasing, loss of self-esteem, unnecessary restriction of activity, and low levels of physical fitness.

The good news is that today's treatments can successfully control asthma so that most students can participate fully in regular school and childcare activities, including play, sports, and other physical activities. How Can Asthma Be Prevented?

You cant prevent asthma. However, you can take steps to control the disease and prevent its symptoms. For example:

    Learn about your asthma and ways to control it.
    Follow your written asthma action plan. (For a sample plan, go to the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's "Asthma Action Plan.")
    Use medicines as your doctor prescribes.
    Identify and try to avoid things that make your asthma worse (asthma triggers). However, one trigger you should not avoid is physical activity. Physical activity is an important part of a healthy lifestyle. Talk with your doctor about medicines that can help you stay active.
    Keep track of your asthma symptoms and level of control.
    Get regular checkups for your asthma. Be Alert to Signs That Asthma May Not Be Well Controlled on an Ongoing Basis

Teachers and coaches who supervise students' physical activities are in a unique position to notice the signs of poorly controlled asthma, either in a student who lacks an asthma diagnosis or in a student who has a treatment plan for asthma. Look for symptoms or other signssubtle or dramaticthat suggest a student's asthma is not under good long-term, day-to-day control (see Table 4). Students are not always able to recognize for themselves when their asthma is poorly controlled.


Table 4: Signs that May Indicate Poorly Controlled Asthma Requiring a Physician Visit

    Frequent or recurring symptoms (more than twice a week), such as coughing, wheezing, chest tightness, or shortness of breath. Symptoms may range from mild to severe.
    Frequent (more than twice a week) use of quick-relief medication.
    Exercise-induced asthma or poor endurance.
    Frequent school absences, or recurrent visits to the emergency department or hospital because of asthma.
    Low peak flow readings before or after physical activity when compared with the peak flow ranges in the student's asthma action plan.

Because exercise provokes symptoms in most children with poorly controlled asthma, the student who has asthma symptoms with physical activity may need to be evaluated by his or her health care provider. Even for a student who has exercise-induced asthma, the frequent use of quick-relief medication during or after exercise may signal the need to return to his or her health care provider to add a daily long-term control medication or to increase the dosage.

If at any time you suspect that a student's asthma is not well controlled, do not hesitate to contact the school nurse or the student's parent or guardian to suggest scheduling an office visit with the student's health care provider, who may adjust the student's treatment. The student may also need to learn how to follow his or her asthma action plan more carefully and how to take his or her medications correctly.

Teachers and coaches may sometimes wonder if a student's reported symptoms indicate a desire for attention or a desire not to participate in an activity. At other times, it may seem that students are overreacting to minimal symptoms.

At all times, it is essential to respect the student's report of his or her own condition. If a student regularly asks to be excused from recess or avoids physical activity, a real physical problem may be present. The student may also need more assistance and support from his or her teacher and coach in order to become an active participant. Consult with the school nurse, parent or guardian, or health care provider to find ways to ensure that the student is safe, feels safe, and is encouraged to participate actively.

Quote: "The role of physical education teachers is in some ways probably the fi rst line of recognition of children who have problems with their asthma... They can really help these children." Dr. David Evans, Columbia UniversityAsthma Program Evaluator

Actions for School Staff

Help Students Become Active and Take Control of their Asthma

    Share observations of asthma symptoms and related concerns with the student, school nurse, and the student's parents or guardians, including problems with physical activity, missed school days, or medication side effects.
    Encourage regular follow-up visits with the student's health care provider to assess student's asthma control, educate student and parents or guardians on how to manage asthma, and update student's written asthma action plan.
    Provide students quick and easy access to their asthma medications and help them follow their asthma action plan to use their medications properly.
    Remind students to monitor their asthma control by using their peak flow meter and/or by keeping track of their symptoms in an asthma diary. It may empower students to become more engaged in managing and controlling their asthma.

Teachers and coaches who supervise students' physical activities are in a unique position to notice the signs of poorly controlled asthma. How Is Asthma Diagnosed?

Your primary care doctor will diagnose asthma based on your medical and family histories, a physical exam, and test results.

Your doctor also will figure out the severity of your asthmathat is, whether it's intermittent, mild, moderate, or severe. The treatment your doctor prescribes will depend on the level of severity.

Your doctor may recommend that you see an asthma specialist if:

    You need special tests to help diagnose asthma
    You've had a life-threatening asthma attack
    You need more than one kind of medicine or higher doses of medicine to control your asthma, or if you have overall problems getting your asthma well controlled
    You're thinking about getting allergy treatments

Medical and Family Histories

Your doctor may ask about your family history of asthma and allergies. He or she also may ask whether you have asthma symptoms and when and how often they occur.

Let your doctor know whether your symptoms seem to happen only during certain times of the year or in certain places, or if they get worse at night.

Your doctor also may want to know what factors seem to trigger your symptoms or worsen them. For more information about possible asthma triggers, go to "What Are the Signs and Symptoms of Asthma?"

Your doctor may ask you about related health conditions that can interfere with asthma management. These conditions include a runny nose, sinus infections, reflux disease, psychological stress, and sleep apnea.
Physical Exam

Your doctor will listen to your breathing and look for signs of asthma or allergies. These signs include wheezing, a runny nose or swollen nasal passages, and allergic skin conditions (such as eczema).

Keep in mind that you can still have asthma even if you don't have these signs when your doctor examines you.
Diagnostic Tests
Lung Function Test

Your doctor will use a test called spirometry (spi-ROM-eh-tre) to check how your lungs are working. This test measures how much air you can breathe in and out. It also measures how fast you can blow air out.

Your doctor may give you medicine and then retest you to see whether the results have improved.

If your test results are lower than normal and improve with the medicine, and if your medical history shows a pattern of asthma symptoms, your doctor will likely diagnose you with asthma.
Other Tests

Your doctor may recommend other tests if he or she needs more information to make a diagnosis. Other tests may include:

    Allergy testing to find out which allergens affect you, if any.
    A test to measure how sensitive your airways are. This is called a bronchoprovocation (brong-KO-prav-eh-KA-shun) test. Using spirometry, this test repeatedly measures your lung function during physical activity or after you receive increasing doses of cold air or a special chemical to breathe in.
    A test to show whether you have another condition with symptoms similar to asthma, such as reflux disease, vocal cord dysfunction, or sleep apnea.
    A chest x ray or an EKG (electrocardiogram). These tests will help find out whether a foreign object in your airways or another disease might be causing your symptoms.

Diagnosing Asthma in Young Children

Most children who have asthma develop their first symptoms before 5 years of age. However, asthma in young children (infants to children 5 years old) can be hard to diagnose.

Sometimes it's hard to tell whether a child has asthma or another childhood condition. The symptoms of asthma are similar to the symptoms of other conditions.

Also, many young children who wheeze when they get colds or respiratory infections don't go on to have asthma. A child may wheeze because he or she has small airways that become narrow during colds or respiratory infections. The airways grow as the child grows, so wheezing no longer occurs as the child gets older.

A young child who has frequent wheezing with colds or respiratory infections is more likely to have asthma if:

    One or both parents have asthma
    The child has signs of allergies, including the allergic skin condition eczema
    The child has allergic reactions to pollens or other airborne allergens
    The child wheezes even when he or she doesn't have a cold or other infection

The most certain way to diagnose asthma is with a lung function test, a medical history, and a physical exam. However, it's hard to do lung function tests in children younger than 5 years. Thus, doctors must rely on children's medical histories, signs and symptoms, and physical exams to make a diagnosis.

Doctors also may use a 46 week trial of asthma medicines to see how well a child responds. What Causes Asthma?

The exact cause of asthma isn't known. Researchers think some genetic and environmental factors interact to cause asthma, most often early in life. These factors include: An inherited tendency to develop allergies, called atopy (AT-o-pe),    Parents who have asthma, Certain respiratory infections during childhood, Contact with some airborne allergens or exposure to some viral infections in infancy or in early childhood when the immune system is developing

If asthma or atopy runs in your family, exposure to irritants (for example, tobacco smoke) might make your airways more reactive to substances in the air.

Some factors might be more likely to cause asthma in certain people than in others. Researchers continue to explore what causes asthma.

The Hygiene Hypothesis, one theory researchers have for what causes asthma is called the hygiene hypothesis. They believe that our Western lifestylewith its emphasis on hygiene and sanitationhas resulted in changes in our living conditions and an overall decline in infections in early childhood.

Many young children no longer have the same types of environmental exposures and infections as children did in the past. This affects the way that young children's immune systems develop during very early childhood, and it may increase their risk for atopy and asthma. This is especially true for children who have close family members with one or both of these conditions. In recent times, there have been enormous improvements in the medical practices used to treat allergic conditions. With respect to anaphylaxis and hypersensitivity reactions to foods, drugs, and insects and in allergic skin diseases, advances have included the identification of food proteins to which IgE binding is associated with severe reactions and development of low-allergen foods, improvements in skin prick test predictions; evaluation of the atopy patch test; in wasp sting outcomes predictions and a rapidly disintegrating epinephrine tablet, and anti-IL-5 for eosinophilic diseases.

Traditional treatment and management of allergies consisted simply of avoiding the allergen in question or otherwise reducing exposure. For instance, people with cat allergies were encouraged to avoid them. However, while avoidance of allergens may reduce symptoms and avoid life-threatening anaphylaxis, it is difficult to achieve for those with pollen or similar air-borne allergies. Nonetheless, strict avoidance of allergens is still considered a useful treatment method, and is often used in managing food allergies.

New technology approaches to decreasing IgE overproduction, and regulating histamine release in allergic individuals have demonstrated statistically significant reduction on Total Nasal Symptom Scores. An allergy is a hypersensitivity disorder of the immune system.[1] Allergic reactions occur when a person's immune system reacts to normally harmless substances in the environment. A substance that causes a reaction is called an allergen. These reactions are acquired, predictable, and rapid. Allergy is one of four forms of hypersensitivity and is formally called type I (or immediate) hypersensitivity. Allergic reactions are distinctive because of excessive activation of certain white blood cells called mast cells and basophils by a type of antibody called Immunoglobulin E (IgE). This reaction results in an inflammatory response which can range from uncomfortable to dangerous.

Mild allergies like hay fever are very common in the human population and cause symptoms such as red eyes, itchiness, and runny nose, eczema, hives, or an asthma attack. Allergies can play a major role in conditions such as asthma. In some people, severe allergies to environmental or dietary allergens or to medication may result in life-threatening reactions called anaphylaxis. Food allergies, and reactions to the venom of stinging insects such as wasps and bees are often associated with these severe reactions

A variety of tests exist to diagnose allergic conditions. These include placing possible allergens on the skin and looking for a reaction such as swelling. Blood tests can also be done to look for an allergen-specific IgE.

Treatments for allergies include avoiding known allergens, use of medications such as anti-histamines that specifically prevent allergic reactions, steroids that modify the immune system in general, and medications such as decongestants that reduce the symptoms. Many of these medications are taken by mouth, though epinephrine, which is used to treat anaphylactic reactions, is injected. Immunotherapy uses injected allergens to desensitize the body's response. Allergy Medication.

Several antagonistic drugs are used to block the action of allergic mediators, or to prevent activation of cells and degranulation processes. These include antihistamines, glucocorticoids, epinephrine (adrenaline), theophylline and cromolyn sodium. Anti-leukotrienes, such as Montelukast (Singulair) or Zafirlukast (Accolate), are FDA approved for treatment of allergic diseases. Anti-cholinergics, decongestants, mast cell stabilizers, and other compounds thought to impair eosinophil chemotaxis, are also commonly used. These drugs help to alleviate the symptoms of allergy, and are imperative in the recovery of acute anaphylaxis, but play little role in chronic treatment of allergic disorders. Before a diagnosis of allergic disease can be confirmed, the other possible causes of the presenting symptoms should be carefully considered. Vasomotor rhinitis, for example, is one of many maladies that shares symptoms with allergic rhinitis, underscoring the need for professional differential diagnosis. Once a diagnosis of asthma, rhinitis, anaphylaxis, or other allergic disease has been made, there are several methods for discovering the causative agent of that allergy.

Effective management of allergic diseases relies on the ability to make an accurate diagnosis. Allergy testing can help confirm/rule out allergies and consequently reduce adverse reactions and limit unnecessary avoidance and medications. Correct diagnosis, counseling and avoidance advice based on valid allergy test results will help reduce the incidence of symptoms, medications and improve quality of life. For assessing the presence of allergen-specific IgE antibodies, two different methods can be used: a skin prick test or an allergy blood test. Both methods are recommended by the NIH guidelines and have similar diagnostic value in terms of sensitivity and specificity.

A healthcare provider can use the test results to identify the specific allergic triggers that may be contributing to the symptoms. Using this information, along with a physical examination and case history, the doctor can diagnose the cause of the symptoms and tailor treatments that will help the patient feel better. A negative result can help the doctor rule out allergies in order to consider other possible.

NIH Guidelines state that: sIgE tests are useful for identifying foods potentially provoking IgE-mediated food-induced allergic reactions, and specified cutoff levels, defined as 95% predictive values, may be more predictive than skin prick tests of clinical reactivity in certain populations. It further states, sIgE tests are very useful for detecting the presence of sIgE antibodies, which indicates the presence of allergic sensitization. Fluorescence-labeled antibody assays have comparable sensitivity to that of skin prick tests, and the absolute levels of sIgE antibodies may directly correlate with the likelihood of clinical reactivity when compared with oral food challenges for the identification of foods provoking IgE mediated FA.

According to NICE Guidelines, skin prick tests and blood tests are equally cost-effective and health economic evidence show that both the IgE antibody test and the skin prick test were cost effective compared with no test. Also, earlier and more accurate diagnoses save cost due to reduced GP consultations, referrals to secondary care, misdiagnosis and emergency admissions.

Allergy undergoes dynamic changes over time. Regular allergy testing of relevant allergens provides information on if and how patient management can be changed, in order to improve health and quality of life. Annual testing is often the practice for determining whether allergy to milk, egg, soy, and wheat have been outgrown and the testing interval is extended to 2 to 3 years for allergy to peanut, tree nuts, fish, and crustacean shellfish. Results of follow-up testing can guide decision-making regarding whether and when it is safe to introduce or re-introduce allergenic food into the diet. Medical specialty.

An allergist is a physician specially trained to manage and treat allergies, asthma and the other allergic diseases. In the United States physicians holding certification by the American Board of Allergy and Immunology (ABAI) have successfully completed an accredited educational program and an evaluation process, including a secure, proctored examination to demonstrate the knowledge, skills, and experience to the provision of patient care in allergy and immunology. Becoming an allergist/immunologist requires completion of at least nine years of training. After completing medical school and graduating with a medical degree, a physician will then undergo three years of training in internal medicine (to become an internist) or pediatrics (to become a pediatrician). Once physicians have finished training in one of these specialties, they must pass the exam of either the American Board of Pediatrics (ABP), the American Osteopathic Board of Pediatrics (AOBP), the American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) or the American Osteopathic Board of Internal Medicine (AOBIM). Internists or pediatricians wishing to focus on the sub-specialty of allergy-immunology then complete at least an additional two years of study, called a fellowship, in an allergy/immunology training program. Allergist/immunologists listed as ABAI-certified have successfully passed the certifying examination of the American Board of Allergy and Immunology (ABAI), following their fellowship.

In the United Kingdom, allergy is a subspecialty of general medicine or pediatrics. After obtaining postgraduate exams (MRCP or MRCPCH respectively), a doctor works for several years as a specialist registrar before qualifying for the General Medical Council specialist register. Allergy services may also be delivered by immunologists. A 2003 Royal College of Physicians report presented a case for improvement of what were felt to be inadequate allergy services in the UK. In 2006, the House of Lords convened a subcommittee that reported in 2007. It concluded likewise that allergy services were insufficient to deal with what the Lords referred to as an "allergy epidemic" and its social cost; it made several other recommendations. Many allergens such as dust or pollen are airborne particles. In these cases, symptoms arise in areas in contact with air, such as eyes, nose, and lungs. For instance, allergic rhinitis, also known as hay fever, causes irritation of the nose, sneezing, itching, and redness of the eyes. Inhaled allergens can also lead to asthmatic symptoms, caused by narrowing of the airways (bronchoconstriction) and increased production of mucus in the lungs, shortness of breath (dyspnea), coughing and wheezing.

Aside from these ambient allergens, allergic reactions can result from foods, insect stings, and reactions to medications like aspirin and antibiotics such as penicillin. Symptoms of food allergy include abdominal pain, bloating, vomiting, diarrhea, itchy skin, and swelling of the skin during hives. Food allergies rarely cause respiratory (asthmatic) reactions, or rhinitis.Insect stings, antibiotics, and certain medicines produce a systemic allergic response that is also called anaphylaxis; multiple organ systems can be affected, including the digestive system, the respiratory system, and the circulatory system. Depending on the rate of severity, it can cause cutaneous reactions, bronchoconstriction, edema, hypotension, coma, and even death. This type of reaction can be triggered suddenly, or the onset can be delayed. The severity of this type of allergic response often requires injections of epinephrine, sometimes through a device known as the EpiPen or Twinject auto-injector. The nature of anaphylaxis is such that the reaction can seem to be subsiding, but may recur throughout a prolonged period of time.

Substances that come into contact with the skin, such as latex, are also common causes of allergic reactions, known as contact dermatitis or eczema.[9] Skin allergies frequently cause rashes, or swelling and inflammation within the skin, in what is known as a "wheal and flare" reaction characteristic of hives and angioedema. International differences have been associated with the number of individuals within a population that suffer from allergy. Allergic diseases are more common in industrialized countries than in countries that are more traditional or agricultural, and there is a higher rate of allergic disease in urban populations versus rural populations, although these differences are becoming less defined.

Exposure to allergens, especially in early life, is an important risk factor for allergy. Alterations in exposure to microorganisms is another plausible explanation, at present, for the increase in atopic allergy. Endotoxin exposure reduces release of inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-?, IFN?, interleukin-10, and interleukin-12 from white blood cells (leukocytes) that circulate in the blood. Certain microbe-sensing proteins, known as Toll-like receptors, found on the surface of cells in the body are also thought to be involved in these processes.

Gutworms and similar parasites are present in untreated drinking water in developing countries, and were present in the water of developed countries until the routine chlorination and purification of drinking water supplies. Recent research has shown that some common parasites, such as intestinal worms (e.g., hookworms), secrete chemicals into the gut wall (and, hence, the bloodstream) that suppress the immune system and prevent the body from attacking the parasite. This gives rise to a new slant on the hygiene hypothesis theory  that co-evolution of man and parasites has led to an immune system that functions correctly only in the presence of the parasites. Without them, the immune system becomes unbalanced and oversensitive. In particular, research suggests that allergies may coincide with the delayed establishment of gut flora in infants. However, the research to support this theory is conflicting, with some studies performed in China and Ethiopia showing an increase in allergy in people infected with intestinal worms. Clinical trials have been initiated to test the effectiveness of certain worms in treating some allergies. It may be that the term 'parasite' could turn out to be inappropriate, and in fact a hitherto unsuspected symbiosis is at work. For more information on this topic, see Helminthic therapy. Cause

Risk factors for allergy can be placed in two general categories, namely host and environmental factors. Host factors include heredity, gender, race, and age, with heredity being by far the most significant. However, there have been recent increases in the incidence of allergic disorders that cannot be explained by genetic factors alone. Four major environmental candidates are alterations in exposure to infectious diseases during early childhood, environmental pollution, allergen levels, and dietary changes.
Foods

A wide variety of foods can cause allergic reactions, but 90% of allergic responses to foods are caused by: cow's milk, soy, eggs, wheat, peanuts, tree nuts, fish and shellfish. Other food allergies, affecting less than 1 person per 10,000 population, may be considered "rare"

The most common food allergy, at least in the US population, is a sensitivity to crustacea. Although peanut allergies are notorious for their severity, peanut allergies are not the most common food allergy in adults or children. Severe or life-threatening reactions may be triggered by other allergens, and are more common when combined with asthma.

Rates of allergies differ between adults and children. Peanut allergies can sometimes be outgrown by children. Egg allergies affect one to two percent of children but are outgrown by about two-thirds of children by the age of 5. The sensitivity is usually to proteins in the white rather than the yolk.

Milk allergies are the most prevalent in children. Some sufferers are unable to tolerate milk from cows, goats, or sheep, and many sufferers are also unable to tolerate dairy products such as cheese. Lactose intolerance, a common reaction to milk, is not a form of allergy, but rather due to the absence of an enzyme in the digestive tract. A small portion of children with a milk allergy, roughly ten percent, will have a reaction to beef. Beef contains a small amount of protein that is present in cow's milk. Sufferers of Tree nut allergies may be allergic to one, or many tree nuts, including pecans, pistachios, pine nuts, and walnuts. Also seeds, including sesame seeds and poppy seeds, contain oils where protein is present, which may elicit an allergic reaction.
Non-food proteins

Latex can trigger an IgE-mediated cutaneous, respiratory, and systemic reaction. The prevalence of latex allergy in the general population is believed to be less than one percent. In a hospital study, one in 800 surgical patients (0.125 percent) report latex sensitivity, although the sensitivity among healthcare workers is higher, between seven and ten percent. Researchers attribute this higher level to the exposure of healthcare workers to areas with significant airborne latex allergens, such as operating rooms, intensive-care units, and dental suites. These latex-rich environments may sensitize healthcare workers who regularly inhale allergenic proteins.

The most prevalent response to latex is an allergic contact dermatitis, a delayed hypersensitive reaction appearing as dry, crusted lesions. This reaction usually lasts 48 to 96 hours. Sweating or rubbing the area under the glove aggravates the lesions, possibly leading to ulcerations. Anaphylactic reactions occur most often in sensitive patients, who have been exposed to the surgeon's latex gloves during abdominal surgery, but other mucosal exposures, such as dental procedures, can also produce systemic reactions.

Latex and banana sensitivity may cross-react; furthermore,those with latex allergy may also have sensitivities to avocado, kiwifruit, and chestnut. These patients often have perioral itching and local urticaria. Only occasionally have these food-induced allergies induced systemic responses. Researchers suspect that the cross-reactivity of latex with banana, avocado, kiwifruit, and chestnut occurs because latex proteins are structurally homologous with some plant proteins.
Toxins interacting with proteins

Another non-food protein reaction, urushiol-induced contact dermatitis, originates after contact with poison ivy, eastern poison oak, western poison oak, or poison sumac. Urushiol, which is not itself a protein, acts as a hapten and chemically reacts with, binds to, and changes the shape of integral membrane proteins on exposed skin cells. The immune system does not recognize the affected cells as normal parts of the body, causing a T-cell-mediated immune response. Of these poisonous plants, sumac is the most virulent. The resulting dermatological response to the reaction between urushiol and membrane proteins includes redness, swelling, papules, vesicles, blisters, and streaking.

Estimates vary on the percentage of the population that will have an immune system response. Approximately 25 percent of the population will have a strong allergic response to urushiol. In general, approximately 80 percent to 90 percent of adults will develop a rash if they are exposed to .0050 milligrams (7.710?5 gr) of purified urushiol, but some people are so sensitive that it takes only a molecular trace on the skin to initiate an allergic reaction.
Genetic basis

Allergic diseases are strongly familial: identical twins are likely to have the same allergic diseases about 70% of the time; the same allergy occurs about 40% of the time in non-identical twins. Allergic parents are more likely to have allergic children, and those children's allergies are likely to be more severe than those in children of non-allergic parents. Some allergies, however, are not consistent along genealogies; parents who are allergic to peanuts may have children who are allergic to ragweed. It seems that the likelihood of developing allergies is inherited and related to an irregularity in the immune system, but the specific allergen is not.

The risk of allergic sensitization and the development of allergies varies with age, with young children most at risk. Several studies have shown that IgE levels are highest in childhood and fall rapidly between the ages of 10 and 30 years. The peak prevalence of hay fever is highest in children and young adults and the incidence of asthma is highest in children under 10. Overall, boys have a higher risk of developing allergies than girls, although for some diseases, namely asthma in young adults, females are more likely to be affected. Sex differences tend to decrease in adulthood. Ethnicity may play a role in some allergies; however, racial factors have been difficult to separate from environmental influences and changes due to migration. It has been suggested that different genetic loci are responsible for asthma, to be specific, in people of European, Hispanic, Asian, and African origins. Possible side effects for Corticosteroids include: 
Thinning of the skin
Skin infections
Growth suppression in children (with long-term oral prednisone)
Stretch marks on the skin

Possible side effects for Nonsteroidal Topical Immunomodulators include: 
Temporary mild warmth, burning, or itching

Side effects for Antihistamines include: 
Drowsiness (Do not drive a car or operate heavy machinery until you know how these drugs affect you.)
Dry mouth, nose, or throat


 Exercise Induced Asthma
Exercise induced asthma is a relatively common problem that can go undiagnosed, as some attribute their symptoms to being unfit. To help you understand the condition and know how to manage it here are a few pointers.

The symptoms with which chronic asthma presents are cough, breathlessness, chest tightness, or wheezing and are caused by the airways in the lungs narrowing. Many triggers cause chronic asthma e.g. colds, dust mites and exercise. In addition to chronic asthma another condition is Exercise Induced Asthma or (EIA) when physical activities is the only trigger causing narrowing of the airways, and producing the symptoms of asthma.

What happens?
When breathing normally air enters our lungs through the nose, where it is warmed, moistened, and filtered. During exercise it is necessary to breath through our mouths, enabling us to acquire the large amounts of air needed to sustain the increased level of energy. In susceptible airways when we breathe air that is unfiltered, dry and cold it causes bronchoconstriction (narrowing of the airways), producing the symptoms of asthma chest tightness, wheeze/cough and breathlessness.


How will I know if I have EIA...?
If you have any of these symptoms during or after playing sport or exercising/activities, you may be experiencing EIA:
Shortness of breath a few minutes after starting to exercise/play sport
Tight feeling in chest while playing a sport/ exercising/active
Stopping exercise/sport/activity because you feel unwell
Wheezing and/or coughing

If you think you may have any of the signs of EIA and have not been diagnosed with asthma, please contact your family doctor for advice.

Being active is important for people with asthma as it helps in the management of the condition. Exercise helps to strengthen the muscles used for breathing, and over time may even help to improve your EIA symptoms. If you have chronic asthma it is important that you participate in sports/exercise to help in the management of asthma.

If you already know you have EIA, or chronic asthma here is some advice to help prevent symptoms:
Take two puffs of your blue reliever inhaler before warming up
Do some warm-up exercise e.g. gentle exercises and stretching for 5-10 minutes. This will help to increase your heart and breathing rates gradually lessening the effects of the cold air
Now you are ready to start

If you experience symptoms during playing sport/exercising:
STOP and take some slow, deep breaths
Take four puffs of blue inhaler (one at a time), using a spacer if accessible
Return to activity if you are free of symptoms

If your symptoms continue or return after your recommence, repeat inhaler instructions and see a doctor as soon as possible. Do you have asthma?
Want to know what is happening inside your lungs?...read on.
Millions of teenagers around the world have asthma  some think it is embarrassing  some try ignoring it, hoping it will go away  some are concerned about living with asthma for the rest of their lives. You know best how you feel about having asthma. Getting short of breath or wheezing and having to use a puffer is a real drag. Another drag has to be avoiding all kinds of things you enjoy because they might trigger your asthma symptoms. The point is, you need to know all this stuff about asthma so YOU can be in control.

Why did I get asthma?
Unfortunately, science still does not have the complete picture as to why people get asthma but we know that it does seem to run in families.


Can asthma be cured?
Afraid not, but many people lead a life with very few symptoms because they manage to control their asthma using their medicines.


What happens in my lungs?
Inside your lungs are thousands or tubes called airways. These carry air in and out of your body. If you have asthma, your airways are extra sensitive and become red and swollen. They secret extra mucous and the muscle surrounding the airway tightens. Together, all of these events make it harder to breathe and they cause the signs and symptoms of asthma.


How do I know I have asthma?
You will have the signs and symptoms of asthma. The main ones are:
Cough (especially at night or after/during exercise)
Wheeze (this is a sound that can be heard when breathing)
Chest tightness (feels as if you are getting a strong hug and cant get air into your lungs)
Tired (feel tired a lot of the time)
Breathless (you get breathless a lot quicker than your friends)

Some teenagers get all of these while others only have on or two.


Why does it get worse?
Heaps of things make your asthma worse  these are called triggers. Some common triggers are:
Getting a cold or flu
Pollen, dust and animals (especially cats)
Cold weather
Smoking
Exercise


What are puffers for and what do they do?
There are three different types of medicine in puffers that help to improve your asthma symptoms.

First is a blue inhaler, called a RELIEVER or BRONCHODILATOR and it stops the muscle surrounding the airways from tightening. The blue reliever will make you feel better quickly, and is only taken when you have symptoms and before exercise. Keep it with you all the time.

Second is an orange or brown inhaler called a PREVENTER which works by reducing the inflammation in your airways. You preventer is a corticosteroid and is perfectly safe to use in the correct does. It is not a steroid like the kind some athletes use to build their muscles. The hassle with this medicine is you need to take it twice a day, everday. If you stop taking it, your symptoms will return. It may take up to two weeks from starting this medicine before you feel the benefit. This medicine helps you control asthma not asthma controlling you.

Sometimes, your doctor will prescribe an inhaler that is green and is known as a symptom controller. Taken twice each day, it is a long acting bronchodilator and works by helping to control your asthma symptoms.

This medicine must be taken along with your preventer. 

No doubt youve heard that smoking is bad for everyone. If you have asthma, starting to smoke is one of the worst things you could do. Not only is smoking a trigger for asthma, but it can cause breathlessness and people who have asthma may be already breathless. Sure, plenty of people still smoke, but think about your lungs  they have to do you a long time! So if you dont smoke  thats cool! If you do, ask your doctor/practice nurse to help you stop today.
 A long acting bronchodilator can be recommended in addition to a steroid inhaler. Asthma is a two-process condition (inflammation and bronchoconstriction) so to help alleviate both, a preventer and long acting bronchodilator are needed. If you have found that your symptoms are not fully controlled by the preventer (corticosteroid inhaler) alone ask your GP about long acting bronchodilators. The medicines in these inhalers work in a similar way to relievers, but work for up to 12 hours. They include salmeterol and formoterol. (Some brands of inhaler contain a steroid plus a long acting bronchodilator for convenience.) Most asthma medications are inhaled, but there is one called Singulair that you or your child can take by mouth as it comes in either a tablet or chewable format.

There are three main groups of medications. These are:

Relievers
A reliever inhaler is taken when needed to ease symptoms. The medicine in reliever inhalers (a bronchodilater) relaxes the muscle surrounding the airways. This makes the airways open wider, and symptoms quickly ease as oxygen can enter the airways easier. Usually blue in colour they are used whenever you notice symptoms, or if physical activity is a known trigger, take reliever inhaler before starting the physical activity. If you need to use reliever medicine for asthma symptoms more than three times a week you should see your doctor.

Preventers
A preventer inhaler is taken every day to prevent symptoms from developing. These are usually brown or orange inhalers and are taken every day, even when you feel well. This medicine (a corticosteroid) works by reducing the swelling and inflammation in the airways. Taking your preventer each day, helps to keep your asthma under control, as corticosteroids help reduce the inflammation inside the airways. This also means you should not need to take reliever medicine most days.

Long acting Bronchodilator
A long acting bronchodilator can be recommended in addition to a steroid inhaler. Asthma is a two-process condition (inflammation and bronchoconstriction) so to help alleviate both, a preventer and long acting bronchodilator are needed. If you have found that your symptoms are not fully controlled by the preventer (corticosteroid inhaler) alone ask your GP about long acting bronchodilators. The medicines in these inhalers work in a similar way to relievers, but work for up to 12 hours. They include salmeterol and formoterol. (Some brands of inhaler contain a steroid plus a long acting bronchodilator for convenience.)

Treat asthma earlier rather than later. Fast, effective treatment may stop your symptoms from getting worse. If youre worried and unable to breathe properly, especially after taking your reliever medicine, see your doctor or contact emergency services immediately. 
 Corticosteroids are medicines that help prevent asthma symptoms occurring by reducing the inflammation in the airways

What is corticosteroid?
Cortisone, is part of a family of substances known as steroids which are produced by the body to help it function normally. Corticosteroids were developed from cortisone and are agents that decrease inflammation. The medication is used in several forms, to treat many different conditions. It reduces itching, swelling, redness, and allergic reactions, used in treating skin problems, severe allergies, asthma and arthritis. Although corticosteroids are part of the steroid family they are not the same as the anabolic steroids some athletes and body-builders use to enhance their muscles and gain strength. Anabolic steroids can have serious side effects.


How do corticosteroids work in asthma?
Inhaled corticosteroids are prescribed for patients of all ages to treat different levels of persistent asthma. They work by dampening down the inflammation in the airways, and are the most effective agents for treating asthma. As a result, asthma symptoms and sudden acute attacks occur less often. To be effective, they need to be taken once or twice every day as prescribed by your doctor. They are of no benefit when used for symptoms, unlike bronchodilators or when taken on an odd occasion. Inhaled corticosteroids are a maintenance medicine that helps to prevent severe asthma symptoms.

Common Corticosteroids:
Beclozone (Beclomethasone)\
Flixotide (Fluticasone)
Pulmicort (Budesonide)

Some preventers may take 3 to 4 weeks to become effective others only take a few days, so it may take some time before you notice a difference in your childs or your asthma. You may also notice that the blue inhaler is not needed as often.


Are steroids dangerous?
People are often concerned when they hear the word steroid. In fact, the steroid medicines used for asthma are not the same as those that sports people take. They are similar to those your body naturally produces. 


Are there any side effects?
Because the amount of corticosteroid via a puffer is so small, side effects are uncommon. Some people on inhaled corticosteroids may have local side effects such as: sore throat, husky voice, thrush (an infection) in the mouth.

These side effects can be avoided by using a spacer. Having your child brush their teeth or rinsing your/mouth with water and spitting out will also help. Inhaled steroids are not addictive.

Your doctor will help to choose the right does for you child. 


Steroids given by mouth
During severe acute asthma episodes you/your child may need a higher dose of corticosteroids to be taken by mouth. This will be either prednisone tablets or Redipred liquid (prednisolone).

A larger dose of steroid taken this way allows the medicine to work faster. The dose is carefully worked out according to you/your childs weight.

Its best to give each dose of steroid with food in the morning, usually at breakfast time.

The medicine is normally taken for 3-5 days. Cortisone, is part of a family of substances known as steroids which are produced by the body to help it function normally. Corticosteroids were developed from cortisone and are agents that decrease inflammation. The medication is used in several forms, to treat many different conditions. It reduces itching, swelling, redness, and allergic reactions, used in treating skin problems, severe allergies, asthma and arthritis. Although corticosteroids are part of the steroid family they are not the same as the anabolic steroids some athletes and body-builders use to enhance their muscles and gain strength. Anabolic steroids can have serious side effects.

Inhaled corticosteroids are prescribed for patients of all ages to treat different levels of persistent asthma. They work by dampening down the inflammation in the airways, and are the most effective agents for treating asthma. As a result, asthma symptoms and sudden acute attacks occur less often. To be effective, they need to be taken once or twice every day as prescribed by your doctor. They are of no benefit when used for symptoms, unlike bronchodilators or when taken on an odd occasion. Inhaled corticosteroids are a maintenance medicine that helps to prevent severe asthma symptoms.

Common Corticosteroids:

    Beclozone (Beclomethasone)\
    Flixotide (Fluticasone)
    Pulmicort (Budesonide)


Some preventers may take 3 to 4 weeks to become effective others only take a few days, so it may take some time before you notice a difference in your childs or your asthma. You may also notice that the blue inhaler is not needed as often. Most asthma medications are inhaled, but there is one called Singulair that you or your child can take by mouth as it comes in either a tablet or chewable format. During severe acute asthma episodes you/your child may need a higher dose of corticosteroids to be taken by mouth. This will be either prednisone tablets or Redipred liquid (prednisolone).

A larger dose of steroid taken this way allows the medicine to work faster. The dose is carefully worked out according to you/your childs weight.

Its best to give each dose of steroid with food in the morning, usually at breakfast time.

The medicine is normally taken for 3-5 days. Treating atopic dermatitis in infants and children

    Give brief, lukewarm baths.
    Apply an emollient immediately following the bath.
    Keep a child's fingernails filed short.
    Select soft cotton fabrics when choosing clothing.
    Consider using antihistamines to reduce scratching at night.
    Keep the child cool; avoid situations where overheating occurs.
    Learn to recognize skin infections and seek treatment promptly.
    Attempt to distract the child with activities to keep him or her from scratching.


 Tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel) ointments are powerful and expensive topical medicated creams (drugs that are applied to the skin) that are used for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. They are not particularly effective in patients with severe disease and are best used on the faces of children.

Phototherapy is treatment with light that uses ultraviolet A or B light waves or a combination of both. This treatment can be an effective treatment for mild to moderate dermatitis in older children (over 12 years old) and adults. Photochemotherapy, a combination of ultraviolet light therapy and a drug called psoralen, can also be used in cases that are resistant to phototherapy alone. Possible long-term side effects of this treatment include premature skin aging and skin cancer. If the doctor thinks that phototherapy may be useful in treating the symptoms of atopic dermatitis, he or she will use the minimum exposure necessary and monitor the skin carefully. When a child has atopic dermatitis, the entire family situation may be affected. It is important that families have additional support to help them cope with the stress and frustration associated with the disease. The child may be fussy and difficult and often is unable to keep from scratching and rubbing the skin. Distracting the child and providing as many activities that keep the hands busy are key but require effort and work on the part of the parents or caregivers. Another issue families face is the social and emotional stress associated with disfigurement caused by atopic dermatitis. The child may face difficulty in school or other social relationships and may need additional support and encouragement from family members. Asthma - control drugs

Control drugs for asthma are drugs you take to control your symptoms of asthma. You must take them every day for them to work. You and your doctor can make a plan for the drugs that work for you. This plan will include when you should take them. It will also include how much you should take.

You may need to take these drugs for at least a month before you start to feel better.

Take them even when you feel okay. Take enough with you when you travel. Plan ahead. Make sure you do not run out.
Inhaled Corticosteroids

Inhaled corticosteroids help keep your airways from swelling up. This helps keep your asthma symptoms away.

Inhaled steroids are used with a metered dose inhaler (MDI) and spacer.

You should use an inhaled steroid every day, even if you do not have symptoms.

After you use it, rinse your mouth with water, gargle, and spit out.

If your child cannot use an inhaler, your doctor will give you a drug to use with a nebulizer. This machine can turn liquid medicine into a spray. This lets your child breathe the medicine in.
Long-acting Beta-agonist Inhalers

These medicines can help keep your asthma symptoms away. They relax the muscles of your airways.

Normally, you use these medicines only when you are using an inhaled steroid drug and you still have symptoms. Do not take these long-acting medicines alone.

Use this medicine every day, even if you do not have symptoms.
Combination Therapy

Your doctor may ask you to take both a steroid drug and a long-acting beta-agonist drug.

It may be easier to use an inhaler that has both drugs in them.
Leukotriene Modifiers

These medicines are used to prevent asthma symptoms. They come in tablet or pill form.
Cromolyn

Cromolyn is a medicine that may prevent asthma symptoms. It can be used in a nebulizer, so it may be easy for young children to take. It is also available as an aerosol.
Alternate Names

Inhaled corticosteroids; Long-acting beta-agonists; Leukotriene modifiers; Cromolyn An allergy is a reaction of your immune system to something that does not bother most other people. People who have allergies often are sensitive to more than one thing. Substances that often cause reactions are: Pollen, Dust mites, Mold spores, Pet dander, Food, Insect stings and Medicines.

How do you get allergies? Scientists think both genes and the environment have something to do with it. Normally, your immune system fights germs. It is your body's defense system. In most allergic reactions, however, it is responding to a false alarm.

Allergies can cause a runny nose, sneezing, itching, rashes, swelling or asthma. Symptoms vary. Although allergies can make you feel bad, they usually won't kill you. However, a severe reaction called anaphylaxis is life-threatening.  Exercise-induced asthma
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Sometimes exercise triggers asthma symptoms. This is called exercise-induced asthma (EIA).

The symptoms of EIA are coughing, wheezing, a feeling of tightness in your chest, or shortness of breath. Most times, these symptoms start soon after you stop exercising. But, some people may have symptoms after they start exercising.

Having asthma symptoms when you exercise does not mean you cannot or should not exercise. The tips below may keep you from getting EIA.
Be Careful Where and When You Exercise

Cold or dry air may trigger your asthma symptoms. If you do exercise in cold or dry air:

    Breathe through your nose.
    Wear a scarf or mask over your mouth.

Do not exercise when the air is dirty or polluted. Do not exercise near fields or lawns that have just been mowed. Warm up before you exercise, and cool down after you exercise.

    To warm up, walk or do your exercise activity slowly before you speed up.
    The longer you warm up, the better.
    To cool down, walk or do your exercise activity slowly for several minutes.

Some kinds of exercise may trigger your asthma less than others.

    Swimming is a good sport for people with EIA. The warm, moist air helps keep asthma symptoms away.
    Football, baseball, and other sports with periods when you do not move fast are less likely to trigger your asthma symptoms.

Activities that keep you moving fast all the time are more likely to trigger asthma symptoms. Some of these are running, basketball, and soccer.
Use Your Asthma Drugs before Exercise

Take your short-acting inhaled beta-agonists before you exercise. These are called quick-relief drugs.

    Take them 10 to 15 minutes before exercise.
    They can help for up to 4 hours.

Long-acting inhaled beta-agonists may also help.

    Use them at least 30 minutes before exercise.
    They can help for up to 12 hours. Children can take this medicine before school, and it will help for the whole day.
    But, using this medicine every day before exercise will make it less effective over time.

Inhaled cromolyn can also be used before exercise. But, most times, it is not as effective as other medicines. How to use a nebulizer
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A nebulizer turns your asthma medicine into a mist. It is easy and pleasant to breathe the medicine into your lungs this way. If you use a nebulizer, your asthma medicines will come in liquid form.

With a nebulizer, medicine goes into your lungs when you take slow, deep breaths for 10 to 15 minutes.

Many patients with asthma do not need to use a nebulizer. Another way to get your medicine is with an inhaler. Inhalers work just as well, and they are easier to use.

Most nebulizers are small, so they are easy to carry with you. Most nebulizers use air compressors. A different kind uses sound vibrations. These are called "ultrasonic nebulizers." They are quieter, but they cost more money.

It takes some time to keep your nebulizer clean and working properly.

These are the basic steps to set up and use your nebulizer:

    Connect the hose to an air compressor.
    Fill the medicine cup with your prescription.
    Attach the hose and mouthpiece to the medicine cup.
    Place the mouthpiece in your mouth. Breathe through your mouth until all the medicine is used. (Most times, this takes 10 to 15 minutes). Some people use a nose clip to help them breathe only through their mouth. Small children usually do better if they wear a mask.
    Wash the medicine cup and mouthpiece with water, and air dry until your next treatment. Asthma is a chronic disease that affects your airways. Your airways are tubes that carry air in and out of your lungs. If you have asthma, the inside walls of your airways become sore and swollen. That makes them very sensitive, and they may react strongly to things that you are allergic to or find irritating. When your airways react, they get narrower and your lungs get less air. This can cause wheezing, coughing, chest tightness and trouble breathing, especially early in the morning or at night.

When your asthma symptoms become worse than usual, it's called an asthma attack. In a severe asthma attack, the airways can close so much that your vital organs do not get enough oxygen. People can die from severe asthma attacks.

Asthma is treated with two kinds of medicines: quick-relief medicines to stop asthma symptoms and long-term control medicines to prevent symptoms.  

When you're short of breath, it's hard or uncomfortable for you to take in the oxygen your body needs. You may feel as if you're not getting enough air. Sometimes mild breathing problems are from a stuffy nose or hard exercise. But shortness of breath can also be a sign of a serious disease.

Many conditions can make you feel short of breath. Lung conditions such as asthma, emphysema or pneumonia cause breathing difficulties. So can problems with your trachea or bronchi, which are part of your airway system. Heart disease can make you feel breathless if your heart cannot pump enough blood to supply oxygen to your body. Stress caused by anxiety can also make it hard for you to breathe. If you often have trouble breathing, it is important to find out the cause.
 Side effects of topical corticosteroids include the following:
A burning sensation, itching, irritation, dryness, or redness may develop in the area where the medicine is applied.
With long-term use, high-strength topical corticosteroids cause temporary thinning of the skin, making it more easily irritated. But when used carefully and mostly in low-strength doses, topical corticosteroids can be used for up to 10 years without severe side effects. 
Corticosteroids can be absorbed through the skin and cause problems throughout the body. Side effects include headache, indigestion, increased appetite, restlessness, and increased risk of infection. If your skin rash gets worse or if you have blurred vision, increased urination, excessive thirst, or mood changes, see your doctor.

Side effects are associated with long-term use of corticosteroids. You and your doctor must watch for side effects and weigh them against the potential benefit of corticosteroid treatment.

The face is especially sensitive to thinning of the skin. Using topical corticosteroids on the face can result in enlarged blood vessels (telangiectasias), bruising, acne, and stretch marks (striae). 
 Atopic Dermatitis - Cause.

The cause of atopic dermatitis is poorly understood and is the subject of active research. It affects your skin's ability to hold moisture. Research shows that it develops as a result of interaction between the environment, your immune system, and genetics (heredity). People with this condition are more prone to react to numerous irritants and allergens.

Most people who have atopic dermatitis have a personal or family history of allergic conditions, such as hay fever (allergic rhinitis). The skin inflammation that causes the atopic dermatitis rash is considered a type of allergic response. Research has shown that even the unaffected skin of people with atopic dermatitis does not hold water as well as it should.


Could your itchy rash be a symptom of eczema? Perhaps. Eczema, also called dermatitis, is a term that covers many types of inflammatory skin problems. The rashes tend to come and go, and often run in families. Some experts estimate that eczema affects a third of the world's people at some time in their lives. The best way to know for sure if you have eczema is to see a doctor. Until you make that appointment, however, check out this list of common eczema symptoms.


Itching and rash can be triggered by a variety of factors, including:

    Exposure to allergens, such as pollen, animal dander, or molds. Dust mites may be an allergen, although experts don't know whether they affect atopic dermatitis.
    Exposure to irritants, such as using soaps, rubbing the skin, and wearing wool.
    Exposure to workplace irritants, such as fumes and chemicals.
    Climate factors, especially winter weather and low humidity. Cold air does not contain much moisture, which can result in drier skin and increased itchiness.
    Temperature changes. Sudden changes in temperature can result in increased itchiness. A suddenly higher temperature may bring on sweating, which can cause itching. Lying under blankets, entering a warm room, or going from a warm shower into colder air can all promote itching.
    Emotional stress. Emotions such as frustration or embarrassment may lead to increased itchiness and scratching.
    Exposure to certain foods, typically eggs, peanuts, milk, soy, or wheat products. Up to 40% of children with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis also have some type of food allergy.1 But experts do not agree on whether foods can cause atopic dermatitis.
    Excessive washing. Repeated washing dries out the top layer of skin, leading to drier skin and increased itchiness, especially in the winter months when humidity is low.

 The main types of anti-inflammatory drugs for better asthma control are steroids or corticosteroids. Other anti-inflammatory treatments include mast cell stabilizers,  leukotriene modifiers, and immunomodulators.
Inhaled steroids are the mainstay treatment  for controlling asthma. The use of inhaled steroids leads to:

    Better asthma control
    Fewer symptoms and flare-ups
    Reduced need for hospitalization

Note that while inhaled steroids help prevent asthma symptoms , they do not relieve asthma symptoms during and attack. Dosages of inhaled steroids in asthma inhalers vary.

Inhaled steroids need to be taken daily for best results. Some improvement in asthma symptoms can be seen in one to three weeks after starting inhaled steroids, with the best results seen after three months of daily use.

Inhaled steroid medications for better asthma control include:

    Advair (a combination drug that includes a steroid and a long-acting bronchodilator drug)
    Aerobid
    Asmanex
    Azmacort
    Dulera (a combination drug that also includes a long-acting bronchodilator drug)
    Flovent
    Pulmicort
    Symbicort (a combination drug that includes a steroid and a long-acting bronchodilator drug)
    Qvar

Inhaled steroids come in three forms: the metered dose inhaler (MDI), dry powder inhaler (DPI), and nebulizer solutions.  What is atopic dermatitis?

Atopic dermatitis is a skin problem that causes dry skin, intense itching, and then a red, raised rash. It cannot be spread from person to person.

For some people, atopic dermatitis may be a long-lasting (chronic) skin problem that requires more than one treatment.

Atopic dermatitis is most common in babies and children. Some children with atopic dermatitis outgrow it or have milder cases as they get older. Also, a person may get atopic dermatitis as an adult.

Atopic dermatitis is sometimes called eczema or atopic eczema. But atopic dermatitis is only one of many types of eczema. Accolate , Singulair , and Zyflo are called leukotriene modifiers. Leukotrienes are inflammatory chemicals that occur naturally in our bodies and cause tightening of airway muscles and production of mucus. Leukotriene modifier drugs help control asthma by blocking the actions of leukotrienes in the body. Studies show that these medications are helpful in improving airflow and reducing asthma symptoms.

The leukotriene modifiers are taken as pills and have been shown to decrease the need for other asthma medications. These medications have been shown to be effective in people with allergic rhinitis (nasal allergies) and may be effective in people with both allergic rhinitis and allergic asthma .

Mast cell stabilizers, such as cromolyn sodium, are inhaled asthma medications (asthma inhalers) that work by preventing the release of inflammatory substances (histamines) from immune cells called mast cells. They help prevent and reduce asthma symptoms, especially in children with allergies and asthma and in people with exercise-induced asthma. These asthma inhalers need to be taken two to four times a day, and they take three to four weeks to start working.

Xolair (omalizumab), an immunomodulator, works differently than other anti-inflammatory medications for asthma . Xolair blocks the activity of IgE (a protein that is overproduced in people with allergies) before it can lead to asthma attacks. Immunomodulator treatment has been shown to help reduce the number of asthma attacks in people with  moderate to severe allergic asthma whose symptoms are not controlled with inhaled steroids

Xolair, a prescription medication, is given by injection every two to four weeks. It's recommended for people with moderate to severe allergic asthma. 
All these drugs have side effects. Make sure you inform your doctor of all the medications you are taking.  Inhaled steroids (asthma inhalers) are safe for adults and children. Side effects with these anti-inflammatory asthma inhalers are minimal. Your doctor will prescribe the lowest dose that effectively controls yours or your child's asthma.

On a side note, many parents are concerned about giving their children "steroids." The inhaled steroids are not the same as anabolic steroids that some athletes take to build muscle. These steroids are anti-inflammatory drugs, the cornerstone of asthma therapy. There are many benefits of using anti-inflammatory asthma inhalers to self-manage asthma.
Using systemic steroids (steroids taken by mouth or by injection that can affect the entire body) such as prednisone , prednisolone, and methylprednisolone help to treat severe asthma episodes, allowing people to gain better asthma control. Prednisone and other steroid drugs may be used to help control sudden and severe asthma attacks or in rare cases to treat long-term, hard-to-control asthma.

Most often, prednisone or other steroid is taken in high doses for a few days (called a steroid burst) for more a severe asthma attack. 

The benefits of inhaled steroids for better asthma control far exceed their risks, and include:

    Reduced frequency of asthma attacks
    Decreased use of beta-agonist bronchodilators (quick relief or rescue inhalers)
    Improved lung function
    Reduced emergency room visits and hospitalizations for life-threatening asthma
 If you or your child has a very mild itch and rash, you may be able to control it without medicine by using home treatment and preventive measures. But if symptoms are getting worse despite home treatment, it is essential that you use medical treatment to prevent the itch-scratch-rash cycle from getting out of control. Atopic Dermatitis - Exams and Tests.

Most cases of atopic dermatitis can be diagnosed from a medical history and a physical exam. You will be asked about your family history of allergic conditions, when the itch first started, and when the rash first appeared. What the rash look likes and where it is located will help your doctor make a diagnosis. Your or your child's condition is more likely to be atopic dermatitis if a parent or brother or sister has an allergic condition (especially asthma, allergic rhinitis, or atopic dermatitis).
Allergy testing

Your doctor may recommend allergy testing to identify any factors that are related to atopic dermatitis flares. Allergy testing is most helpful for people with atopic dermatitis who also have respiratory allergies or asthma. Allergy testing can help identify certain allergens. But test results are often false-positive. For more information, see the topic Allergy Tests. 
If a specific allergen is thought to trigger your atopic dermatitis, you and your doctor will discuss how to eliminate it from your diet or environment while closely observing and recording your symptoms.  The key treatment for asthma are steroids and other anti-inflammatory drug s. These asthma drugs both help to control asthma and prevent asthma attacks.

Steroids and other anti-inflammatory drugs work by reducing inflammation, swelling, and mucus production in the airways of a person with asthma. As a result, the airways are less inflamed and less likely to react to asthma triggers , allowing people with symptoms of asthma to have better control over their condition.  Anti-inflammatory drugs, particularly inhaled steroids, are the most important treatment for most people with asthma. These lifesaving medications prevent asthma attacks and work by reducing swelling and mucus production in the airways. As a result, the airways are less sensitive and less likely to react to asthma triggers and cause asthma symptoms.  Asthma medication plays a key role in gaining good control of your condition. Controlling your asthma is crucial in avoiding asthma attacks and living an active life.

Treatment with asthma medication focuses on:

    Controlling inflammation and preventing symptoms (controller medication)
    Easing asthma symptoms when a flare-up occurs (quick-relief medication)

There are two general types of asthma medication which can give you long-term control or quick relief of symptoms.

    Controller Medication. This is the most important type of therapy for most people with asthma because these asthma medications prevent asthma attacks on an ongoing basis. As a result of controller medications, airways are less inflamed and less likely to react to triggers. Steroids, also called "corticosteroids", are an important type of anti-inflammatory medication for people suffering from asthma. These asthma drugs reduce inflammation, swelling, and mucus production in the airways. Some people may combine use of an inhaled steroid with an inhaled long-acting beta-agonist (LABA). LABAs help keep airways open by relaxing the muscles around the airways. They should only be used along with an inhaled steroid for the treatment of asthma.  Leukotriene modifiers are also used to control asthma and prevent symptoms. They target inflammatory chemicals in the body that lead to swelling of the airways and mucus production.
    Quick Relief Medication. These asthma medications are also called rescue medications and consist of short-acting beta-agonists (SABA). They relieve the symptoms of asthma by relaxing the muscles that tighten around the airways. This action rapidly opens the airways, letting more air come in and out of the lungs. As a result, breathing improves. Using these as a rescue medication more than twice a week indicates that your asthma is not well controlled. SABAs are also used prior to exercise to prevent symptoms in people who have exercise-induced asthma.

These asthma drugs can be administered in different ways. Successful treatment should allow you to live an active and normal life. If your asthma symptoms are not controlled, you should contact your doctor for advice and look at a different asthma medication that may work better for you.   Although your child's asthma cannot be cured, you can manage the symptoms with medicines and other measures.

It's very important to treat your child's asthma. Although he or she may feel good most of the time, even mild asthma can cause changes to the airways that speed up and make worse the natural decrease in lung function that occurs as we age.12

Your child can expect to live a normal life by following his or her asthma action plan. Asthma symptoms that are not controlled can limit your child's activities and lower his or her quality of life.

Know the goals of treatment

By following your child's treatment plan, you can help your child meet these goals:
Increase lung function by treating the inflammation in the lungs.
Decrease the severity, frequency, and duration of asthma attacks by avoiding triggers.
Treat acute attacks as they occur.
Use quick-relief medicine less (ideally on not more than 2 days a week).
Have a full life-the ability to participate in all daily activities, including school, exercise, and recreation-by preventing and managing symptoms.
Sleep through the night undisturbed by asthma symptoms.

Babies and small children need early treatment for asthma symptoms to prevent severe breathing problems. They may have more serious problems than adults because their bronchial tubes are smaller.

Your child will take several types of medicines to control his or her asthma and to prevent attacks.
 Atopic Dermatitis - Symptoms.

The main symptom of atopic dermatitis is itching. The itching can be severe and persistent, especially at night. Scratching the affected area of skin usually causes a rash. The rash is red and patchy and may be long-lasting (chronic) or come and go (recurring). The rash may:

    Develop fluid-filled sores that can ooze fluid or crust over. This can happen when the skin is rubbed or scratched or if a skin infection is present. This is known as an acute (sudden or of short duration), oozing rash.
    Be scaly and dry, red, and itchy. This is known as a subacute (longer-duration) rash.
    Become tough and thick from constant scratching (lichenification).

The severity of symptoms depends on how large an area of skin is affected, how much you scratch the rash, and whether a secondary infection develops. Mild atopic dermatitis usually involves a small area of skin that does not itch much and goes away with adequate moisturizing. Severe atopic dermatitis usually involves a large area of skin that is very itchy and does not go away with moisturizing.

The usual location of the rash on the body varies by age group.
Infants (ages 2 months to 2 years)

    The areas most commonly affected are the face, scalp, neck, arms and legs (especially the front of the knees and the back of the elbows), and trunk. The rash usually does not appear in the diaper area. It is most commonly seen in babies during the winter months as dry, red, scaling areas on the baby's cheeks. See a picture of atopic dermatitis camera in an infant. The rash is often crusted or oozes fluid. Rubbing and scratching can lead to frequent infections.

Children (ages 2 years to 11 years)

    The symptoms may appear for the first time or may be a continuation of the infant phase.
    The rash occurs primarily on the back of the legs and arms, on the neck, and in areas that bend, such as the back of the knees and the inside of the elbows.
    The rash is usually dry. But it may go through stages from an acute oozing rash to a subacute red, dry rash to a chronic rash that causes the skin to thicken (lichenification). Lichenification often occurs after the rash goes away.
    Rubbing and scratching can lead to infections.

Adolescents and adults

    Atopic dermatitis often improves as you get older.
    The areas affected by atopic dermatitis are usually small and commonly include places that bend, such as the neck, the back of the knees, and the inside of the elbows. Rashes can also affect the face, wrists, and forearms. Rashes are rare in the groin area.
 Atopic Dermatitis - Medications.

Medicines for atopic dermatitis include the following.

    Topical corticosteroids (such as hydrocortisone, betamethasone, and fluticasone) are the most common and effective treatment for atopic dermatitis. They are used until the rash clears and may be used to prevent atopic dermatitis flares. Topical medicines, such as creams or ointments, are applied directly to the skin. Only low-strength topical corticosteroids should be used on your face.
    Calcineurin inhibitors (pimecrolimus and tacrolimus) are topical immunosuppressants-medicines that weaken your body's immune system. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recommends caution when prescribing or using Elidel (pimecrolimus) cream and Protopic (tacrolimus) ointment because of a potential cancer risk.5 The FDA also stresses that these medicines only be used as directed and only after trying other treatment options. Calcineurin inhibitors are not approved for children younger than 2 years of age.
    Antihistamines (such as diphenhydramine and hydroxyzine) are often used to treat atopic dermatitis itch and to help you sleep when severe night itching is a problem. But histamines are not always involved in atopic dermatitis itch, so these medicines may not help all people who have the condition. Don't give antihistamines to your child unless you've checked with the doctor first.
    Oral corticosteroids (such as prednisone and prednisolone) are used in severe cases when the rash covers large areas of the body or when complications occur.
    Cyclosporine or interferon is sometimes used in adults if other treatment is not successful.

If the rash becomes infected, antibiotic, antiviral, or antifungal medicines are used. Skin that has been broken down by scratching and inflammation can become infected.


Coal tar preparations applied to the skin may help reduce itching. But this medicine should not be used on skin that is very irritated, or it can make your skin problem worse. Tar preparations are sometimes used to control the condition after a stronger medicine has successfully improved atopic dermatitis.

Mild- to moderate-strength corticosteroids that are applied to the skin, together with heavy moisturizing, are effective in reducing atopic dermatitis rash in most cases. Specific treatment depends on the type of rash you have.

If you or your child has a very mild itch and rash, you may be able to control it without medicine by using home treatment and preventive measures. But if symptoms are getting worse despite home treatment, it is essential that you use medical treatment to prevent the itch-scratch-rash cycle from getting out of control.
 Oral antihistamines, such as Benadryl (diphenhydramine) or Atarax (hydroxyzine), can be used to treat itch associated with atopic dermatitis. It's important to note, however, that they can cause sleepiness and may not help in all cases of atopic dermatitis. Antihistamine creams should not be used on atopic dermatitis rashes because they contain chemicals that can actually worsen the rash. 

Oral corticosteroids, such as prednisone, prednisolone, and medrol, may be used for more severe flares of atopic dermatitis. They are used if the rash covers a large part of the body and face. Oral steroids used long term have numerous side effects, including weight gain, thinning of the bones, and suppression of the immune system. Though they may clear atopic dermatitis well, the side effects are too risky to warrant using them as a first-line treatment. To avoid these side effects, but still benefit from the medication, oral steroids are often prescribed for a short course (5 days) to calm the rash. Topical steroids can then be used on the remaining rash. 

Coal tar, actually made by melting coal, has long been a treatment for a variety of skin conditions. Shampoos and soaps containing coal tar can help with mild cases of atopic dermatitis. Coal tar tends to work better on thickened skin that is not scaly, or to ease very early symptoms of itching. However, coal tar can be very irritating to already inflamed skin. It is OK to try coal tar for mild cases of atopic dermatitis, but use should stop immediately if there is any increase in itching or redness of the rash.  Prevalence

Atopic dermatitis is a common condition affecting approximately 17% of the population, 1 with a slight female preponderance (1.3:1 in children). The incidence has increased twofold to threefold since the 1970s. The basis of this increase in not well understood; however, environmental factors appear to play an important role in disease prevalence.

Some factors associated with an increased risk of atopic dermatitis include small family size, higher socioeconomic and educational levels regardless of ethnicity, movement from rural to urban environment, and increased use of antibiotics (the Western lifestyle). This has led to the hygiene hypothesis, which postulates that infections in early childhood (from less-hygienic practices and older siblings) might prevent atopic dermatitis. This hypothesis is supported by evidence that infections induce type-1 helper T cells (Th1), whereas there is a predominance of type-2 helper T cells (Th2) in atopic dermatitis. Th1 responses antagonize the development of Th2 cells, thereby potentially decreasing the incidence of atopic dermatitis Atopic dermatitis and hereditary eczema are interchangeable terms for an inflammatory condition of the skin characterized by erythema, pruritus, scaling, lichenification, and papulovesicles. Atopic dermatitis is a distinct condition in persons who are genetically predisposed to developing immunoglobulin (Ig) E-mediated hypersensitivity reactions. It is characterized by the itch-scratch cycle: Affected persons have the sensation of itch, followed by scratching and the subsequent creation of a rash. The classic triad of atopy includes eczema, asthma, and allergies. A wide range of environmental factors, such as contact allergens, stress, food, skin flora, and humidity, play roles in the development and severity of atopic dermatitis. Oral antihistamines: They tend to be used more commonly in children. The sedating antihistamines allow a better night's sleep for the child and his or her parents. 
Phototherapy: Phototherapy is unsuitable for those who have little flexibility with work or school hours, mobility or transport problems, very fair skin or a history of photosensitivivity. It is also unsuitable for very young children as they are unable to stand still for the required period of time and cannot be relied upon to wear safety glasses. The optimal treatment of asthma depends upon a number of factors, including the child's age ( younger than 12 years) and the severity and frequency of asthma attacks. For most children, asthma treatment can control symptoms, allowing the child to participate fully in activities and sports.

Successful treatment of asthma involves three components:

    Controlling and avoiding asthma triggers
    Regularly monitoring asthma symptoms and lung function
    Understanding how to use medications to treat asthma

After identifying potential asthma triggers, the parent and healthcare provider should develop a plan to deal with the triggers. If possible, the child should completely avoid or limit exposure to the trigger (eg, eliminate exposure to cigarette smoke). Recommendations may be made about decreasing allergen exposure (eg, removing carpets from bedrooms, not allow pets to sleep in the child's room). Children who have persistent problems despite efforts to avoid triggers may benefit from seeing an asthma specialist.

Exercise is an exception to the general rule about trigger avoidance. Exercise is encouraged for children with asthma. An asthma action plan should include steps to prevent and treat exercise-related symptoms.

Children with persistent asthma need to take medication on a daily basis to keep their asthma under control, even if there are no symptoms of active asthma on a given day. Medications taken daily for asthma are called "long-term controller" medicines and function to decrease inflammation (or swelling) of the small airways over time.

Controller medications include inhaled glucocorticoids (also called inhaled corticosteroids or ICS), leukotriene receptor antagonists (LTRA), chromones, sustained release theophylline, long-acting beta agonists (LABA) in combination with inhaled glucocorticoids, and systemic glucocorticoids.

 Common Asthma Triggers

The key to controlling asthma is managing your environment and your medications. Things that cause asthma to flare up are called triggers. If you have asthma, it's important to know your triggers. 

Below are some common triggers:

Allergies
Smoking
Exercise
Stress
Illness
Other Triggers
Allergies

Asthma is more common in people who have allergies. Approximately 60 percent of asthma cases are caused by allergies to dust mites, mold, pollen and animal dander. Here are some ways to control these triggers:

Dust and Dust Mites:

Put your mattresses and pillows in special allergen-proof covers.
Remove all animal products from bedding (e.g. feather pillows and down comforters).
Wash your bedding every week in hot water (over 130? F).
Wash stuffed animals often and, if possible, remove other dust collectors from the bedroom.
Dust woodwork and wash curtains often.
Use a damp mop on floors instead of sweeping.
Vacuum carpets/rugs weekly with a HEPA filter. It's better to have bare floors than carpets, if possible.
Replace air conditioner and furnace filters monthly.
Mold and Mildew:
Keep the bathroom dry by using an exhaust fan or dehumidifier.
Clean sinks, tubs and showers often with a bleach solution (1 part bleach, 3 parts water).
Limit house plants as they are sources of dampness and mold.
Ask your health care provider before using a vaporizer or humidifier.
Always keep vaporizers and humidifiers clean.
Clean spacers and nebulizers often.
Pollen:
During allergy season, use air conditioning instead of opening the windows at home and in the car.
Limit time outdoors on high pollen count days.
Change the air conditioner filter monthly.
Shower or bathe after being outdoors.
Your doctor may recommend additional medicines during allergy season.
The American Academy of Allergy Asthma and Immunology (AAAAI), National Allergy Bureau can keep you updated on pollen and mold counts
Pets
Keep pets outside, if possible.
Keep them off the furniture.
Keep pets out of the bedrooms.
Bathe your pets weekly.


Smoking

Smoking and secondhand smoke irritate the lungs. For people with asthma, it increases swelling of the breathing tubes and mucus production. Remember, children's airways are smaller than the airways of adults. More swelling means even less air can get into the lungs. If you or anyone in your home smokes, quit.

Do not allow a child to be around smoke.
Do not allow smoking in your home or your car.
Do not use wood burning stoves or fireplaces and avoid campfires.


Exercise

Some people have asthma symptoms (wheezing, coughing and shortness of breath) after they start exercising. However, exercise is important to your health and asthma should not keep you or your child from playing sports or doing other types of physical activities. Tell your doctor if exercise causes your asthma to flare up.

Take your asthma medicine as prescribed. Your doctor may tell you to take it just before exercising.
Warm up by exercising slowly at first.
Limit exercise if you are ill or if the weather is cold and dry.


Stress

Strong emotions, such as anger and anxiety, can lead to changes in breathing that can cause asthma symptoms or make them worse. Regular exercise, deep breathing, meditation and relaxation techniques can help reduce stress. 


Illness

Even minor colds can cause asthma flare-ups.

Wash hands often.
Eat well and get plenty of sleep.
Avoid people with colds and flu.
Get a yearly flu shot.


Other Triggers

Sulfites: These chemicals are found in wine, beer, shrimp, dried fruit and processed potatoes, and can cause breathing difficulty for many people with asthma.
Medications: Some medications, such as aspirin or beta blockers, can trigger asthma flare-ups. Talk to your doctor if you think a medication may be causing asthma symptoms.
Strong smells: Perfumes, sprays and cleaning products can make asthma worse. Is my coughing or wheezing asthma?

Not all coughing and wheezing is related to asthma. While coughing and wheezing are two common symptoms of asthma, experiencing these symptoms does not necessarily mean that you have asthma. Sometimes, a cough may be due to nose allergies or acid reflux. People also experience short-term coughing or wheezing with a cold, pneumonia, bronchitis or bronchiolitis. 

Only a physician can diagnose asthma. 
If you have a persistent cough or are concerned you may have asthma, make an appointment with your physician. An evaluation for asthma may include your physician asking you several questions about your health as well as diagnostic testing. Leukotriene Modifiers

Leukotriene modifiers are also called leukotriene receptor antagonists. These medicines are used for long-term control and prevention of asthma symptoms. Leukotrienes are substances made by your body that act as a trigger for an asthma attack. Blocking the action of leukotrienes helps prevent these attacks from occurring. These medicines are taken in pill form once every day. 

Although these medicines may seem like they are having no effect, they work slowly over time to reduce inflammation. Leukotriene modifiers are not as powerful as corticosteroids and don't work effectively in everyone. However, they are generally very safe medicines. 

Examples: Singulair  (montelukast) and Accolate (zafirlukast) Asthma in Children

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the lung's air passages that can make breathing difficult. There is no cure for asthma and it will not go away, but there are very good treatments to control it. A child with asthma can enjoy a normal healthy life and participate in normal activities.

During normal breathing air moves in and out of the lungs through air passages, bringing oxygen and carbon dioxide in and out of the body. During an asthma attack, or asthma flare-up, muscle spasms constrict and tighten the airways and cause the air passages to become narrower or blocked, making it harder for air to get in and out. Air flow is also blocked by inflammation (swelling), which thickens the airway walls and creates mucus and phlegm inside the airways. Both the spasms and the inflammation make it hard to breathe. 

Symptoms of an asthma flare up include:

Wheezing
Coughing
Chest tightness that makes it hard to breathe
Waking up at night coughing
Extra phlegm and mucus
Asthma flare-ups can be caused by many different triggers. Asthma flare-ups can come on suddenly and progress rapidly. You must be ready to treat them quickly and correctly. If asthma is not treated well and kept under control, it can cause numerous problems, including:
Frequent visits to your health care provider or emergency room and even hospitalization
Inability to participate in sports and other physical activity
Missed school days
Lung damage and, in severe cases, death
There are good medications that can help treat chest tightness and the inflammation caused by asthma and control asthma symptoms. Ipratropium bromide (Atrovent) and Tiotrpium Bromide (Spiriva) are medications that prevent the muscle bands around the airways from tightening. Atrovent is available for use as a metered dose inhaler and in a solution for a nebulizer. Spiriva is available for use in a HandiHaler. 

Like short-acting beta agonists (e.g. albuterol), they are bronchodilators, relaxing the muscle bands around the airways. However, short-acting beta agonists relax the muscle bands after they are already tight. Ipratropium bromide (Atrovent) and Tiotropium bromide (Spiriva) prevent the muscle bands from tightening. 

For that reason, they are controller medicines. These medicines are most commonly used to treat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). They may be used if a doctor suspects a person has both asthma and COPD. 

Caution: It is important to place the Atrovent  inhaler in the mouth with this medicine. Otherwise, the spray from the inhaler can come in contact with the eyes, causing the pupils to dilate.  Short-Acting Beta Agonists

These medications are also known as rescue medicines. They are used for quick relief of asthma symptoms, such as wheezing, "feeling tight" when breathing, coughing and shortness of breath. Short-acting beta agonists act within minutes to temporarily relieve these symptoms. They do this by relaxing the tightening (bronchospasm) of the muscle bands around the airways, and are very effective in opening the airways. They do not relieve the swelling or inflammation of the breathing tubes that occurs in individuals with asthma. If you need to use these short-acting beta agonists often, it means that the inflammation is not being controlled.

Quick relief medicines come in metered dose inhalers and in a solution for nebulizers. An oral solution is also available, but is less effective and has more side effects. Short-acting beta agonists have few severe side effects when used in the recommended dose. The possible side effects of short-acting inhaled beta agonists include a fast heartbeat, nervousness and shakiness, which usually pass quickly when the medicine is inhaled. 
 What is Asthma?

Asthma is a disease of the lung airways. The airways get swollen and inflamed. They react easily to certain things, like viruses, smoke or pollen. When the inflamed airways react, they get narrow. This makes it hard to breathe.

There is no known cure for asthma. But you can control it well.

When your asthma symptoms become worse than usual, it's called an asthma attack. In a severe asthma attack, the airways can close so much that your vital organs do not get enough oxygen. People can die from severe asthma attacks. 

Asthma is treated with two kinds of medicines: quick-relief medicines to stop asthma symptoms and long-term control medicines to prevent symptoms. 

Although asthma cannot be cured, in most patients it can be controlled so that you have only minimal and infrequent symptoms, and you can live an active life. If you have asthma, taking care of it is an important part of your life. Controlling your asthma means staying away from things that bother your airways and taking medicines as directed by your doctor. 
 Long-Acting Beta Agonists

Long-acting beta agonists relax the muscle bands that surround the airways (bronchodilation) and allow you to breathe in and out more easily. These medicines can improve asthma control only when used in combination with an inhaled corticosteroid medicine. They are used every day, even when there are no asthma symptoms. 

Long-acting beta agonists are not rescue medicines and do not relieve sudden asthma symptoms. They are often used in people who have asthma symptoms at night or used to prevent exercise-induced asthma symptoms. 

If you are using a rescue medicine frequently and are taking an inhaled corticosteroid, your doctor may prescribe a long-acting beta agonist. 

Examples: Serevent  (salmeterol) and Foradil  (formoterol) Oral Corticosteroids

Oral corticosteroids are used in combination with short acting beta agonists (also called bronchodilators or rescue medicines) to treat moderate to severe asthma flare-ups. Corticosteroids reduce inflammation and swelling in the airways. During an asthma attack, the inside walls of the airways swell and narrow. Reducing this swelling allows the airways to open up, allowing better air flow. Sometimes difficult-to-manage asthma can only be treated with regular use of daily or every-other-day oral corticosteroids. 

To treat acute asthma flare-ups, oral corticosteroids are usually prescribed in "short bursts" of five days up to two weeks. Using corticosteroids in this manner is the most effective way to reduce inflammation and the frequency of future flare-ups. It is important to finish taking the whole prescription of oral corticosteroids. If they are used for more than a week or two, the dose should be gradually reduced so your body can increase its own natural steroids again. 

Oral corticosteroids are more likely to cause side effects than inhaled corticosteroids because they are carried to all parts of the body. Inhaled corticosteroids only go to the lungs. The possibility for side effects is low when a short burst is used. Such side effects might include increased appetite, mood changes or difficulty sleeping. 

If you need to take oral corticosteroids on a regular basis to control your asthma, side effects are more likely. Some possible side effects of long-term use are glucose intolerance, peptic ulcer, bloating, weight gain, elevated blood pressure and osteoporosis. You and your doctor must weigh the possible side effects against the effects of uncontrolled asthma. 

Caution: If you have been taking oral corticosteroids within the last year, you should tell any other doctor, surgeon, anesthesiologist or dentist who may treat you for any other condition that you are taking this medication. 

Examples: prednisone, prednisolone, dexamethasone and methylprednisolone Asthma and Pregnancy

It's not possible to predict how pregnancy will affect your asthma. Most studies show that with good control, a woman can have a healthy pregnancy and a healthy baby. Normal hormonal changes during pregnancy can cause any pregnant woman to feel short of breath. 

If you have asthma and you feel short of breath, it's a good idea to talk with your doctor. It's important to make sure that the shortness of breath is due to the pregnancy and not a flare-up of your asthma. Also, these pregnancy changes don't affect your peak flow tests. If your peak flow level goes down, it's probably a sign that your asthma is worse. 

It is very important to avoid your asthma triggers during pregnancy. 

You should be an active participant in keeping your asthma under control during pregnancy. Some women stop taking their asthma medicines when they become pregnant. However, those medicines are important in keeping your asthma under control and getting the right amount of oxygen to you and to your baby.  Mast Cell Stabilizers

Mast cell stabilizers work to prevent allergy cells called mast cells from breaking open and releasing chemicals that help cause inflammation. They make the airways less sensitive to many asthma triggers. 

Mast cell stabilizers are not rescue medicines. 

They work slowly over time, taking two to six weeks to become effective. Mast cell stabilizers come in metered dose inhalers and in a solution for nebulizers. They must be taken two to four times a day to work. Possible side effects are cough, runny nose, throat irritation, unpleasant taste and headache. 

Examples: Cromolyn Sodium and Tilade
 Inhaled Corticosteroids

Inhaled corticosteroids are the most effective medicine to treat persistent asthma. Inhaled corticosteroids are asthma controller medicines. Asthma symptoms happen less often when an inhaled corticosteroid is used every day. When used every day, these medicines make the breathing tubes less sensitive by blocking the inflammation that leads to asthma symptoms. Using a controller medicine reduces the need for rescue medicines and lowers the chance of needing to go to the emergency room for an asthma attack. 

Because the main problem in asthma is long-term inflammation in the lungs, corticosteroids are often used to treat asthma. Corticosteroids help to reduce and prevent the swelling and excess mucus in the airway caused by inflammation. For most people with asthma, corticosteroids are the single most effective medicine because they break the inflammation cycle and reduce the likelihood of future asthma flare-ups. 

Inhalded corticosteroids are not like anabolic steroids.

Although they have a similar name, they are very different from the anabolic steroids that are abused by some athletes. Also, it is important to know that concerns about using oral corticosteroids do not apply because inhaled corticosteroids are not absorbed into the body to any large extent. A small number of individuals experience some local side effects, such as a yeast infection (white spots) of the mouth, tongue or throat and occasional hoarseness. Side effects can be avoided by rinsing the mouth after each treatment and using a spacer with a metered dose inhaler. 

Caution: If you have a severe asthma episode that does not respond to your usual medicines, it is important to contact your doctor immediately. The severe asthma episode may make you unable to inhale your usual corticosteroids deeply into your lungs and you may need a "short burst" of oral corticosteroids to reduce the inflammation. 

Examples: Pulmicort  (budesonide), Flovent  (fluticasone), QAR  (beclomethesone) and others 10 Ways to Fight Indoor Mold

Mold is among the most hazardous household substances for people with allergies and asthma. It can trigger asthma attacks and allergic reactions (such as hay fever or eczema), and it can even cause health problems in people without those conditions.

Mold grows in humid, damp environments, so the best way to prevent and control indoor mold is to keep your home as dry and ventilated as possible. While bathrooms are an obvious place for mold to get a toehold, there are some other relatively surprising sources of mold in your homesuch as firewood. Americans spend up to 90 percent of their time indoors. Indoor allergens and irritants play a significant role in triggering asthma attacks. Triggers are things that can cause asthma symptoms, an episode or attack or make asthma worse. If you have asthma, you may react to just one trigger or you may find that several things act as triggers. Be sure to work with a doctor to identify triggers and develop a treatment plan that includes ways to reduce exposures to your asthma triggers. About wood smoke and asthma

Smoke from wood-burning stoves and fireplaces contain a mixture of harmful gases and small particles. Breathing these small particles can cause asthma attacks and severe bronchitis, aggravate heart and lung disease and may increase the likelihood of respiratory illnesses. If you're using a wood stove or fireplace and smell smoke in your home, it probably isn't working as it should. Dust mites are tiny bugs that are too small to see. Every home has dust mites. They feed on human skin flakes and are found in mattresses, pillows, carpets, upholstered furniture, bedcovers, clothes, stuffed toys and fabric and fabric-covered items.

Body parts and droppings from dust mites can trigger asthma in individuals with allergies to dust mites. Exposure to dust mites can cause asthma in children who have not previously exhibited asthma symptoms. About chemical irritants and asthma

Chemical irritants are found in some products in your house and may trigger asthma. Your asthma or your child's asthma may be worse around products such as cleaners, paints, adhesives, pesticides, cosmetics or air fresheners. Chemical irritants are also present in schools and can be found in commonly used cleaning supplies and educational kits.

Chemical irritants may exacerbate asthma. At sufficient concentrations in the air, many products can trigger a reaction. About outdoor air pollution and asthma

Outdoor air pollution is caused by small particles and ground level ozone that comes from car exhaust, smoke, road dust and factory emissions. Outdoor air quality is also affected by pollen from plants, crops and weeds. Particle pollution can be high any time of year and are higher near busy roads and where people burn wood.

When inhaled, outdoor pollutants and pollen can aggravate the lungs, and can lead to chest pain, coughing, digestive problems, dizziness, fever, lethargy, sneezing, shortness of breath, throat irritation and watery eyes. Outdoor air pollution and pollen may also worsen chronic respiratory diseases, such as asthma.  About Nitrogen Dioxide and asthma

Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is an odorless gas that can irritate your eyes, nose and throat and cause shortness of breath. NO2 can come from appliances inside your home that burn fuels such as gas, kerosene and wood. NO2 forms quickly from emissions from cars, trucks and buses, power plants and off-road equipment. Smoke from your stove or fireplace can trigger asthma.

In people with asthma, exposure to low levels of NO2 may cause increased bronchial reactivity and make young children more susceptible to respiratory infections. Long-term exposure to high levels of NO2 can lead to chronic bronchitis. Studies show a connection between breathing elevated short-term NO2 concentrations, and increased visits to emergency departments and hospital admissions for respiratory issues, especially asthma. Secondhand smoke is the smoke from a cigarette, cigar or pipe, and the smoke exhaled by a smoker. Secondhand smoke contains more than 4,000 substances, including several compounds that cause cancer.

Secondhand smoke can trigger asthma episodes and increase the severity of attacks. Secondhand smoke is also a risk factor for new cases of asthma in preschool-aged children. Children's developing bodies make them more susceptible to the effects of secondhand smoke and, due to their small size, they breathe more rapidly than adults, thereby taking in more secondhand smoke. Children receiving high doses of secondhand smoke, such as those with smoking parents, run the greatest relative risk of experiencing damaging health effects. Molds are microscopic fungi that live on plant and animal matter. Molds can be found almost anywhere when moisture is present.

Molds create tiny spores to reproduce, just as plants produce seeds. Mold spores float through the indoor and outdoor air continually. When mold spores land on damp places indoors, they may begin growing.

For people sensitive to molds, inhaling mold spores can trigger an asthma attack. About pets and asthma

Proteins in your pet's skin flakes, urine, feces, saliva and hair can trigger asthma. Dogs, cats, rodents (including hamsters and guinea pigs) and other warm-blooded mammals can trigger asthma in individuals with an allergy to animal dander.

The most effective method to control animal allergens in the home is to not allow animals in the home. If you remove an animal from the home, it is important to thoroughly clean the floors, walls, carpets and upholstered furniture.

Some individuals may find isolation measures to be sufficiently effective. Isolation measures that have been suggested include keeping pets out of the sleeping areas, keeping pets away from upholstered furniture, carpets, and stuffed toys, keeping the pet outdoors as much as possible and isolating sensitive individuals from the pet as much as possible. About cockroaches, other pests and asthma

Droppings or body parts of cockroaches and other pests can trigger asthma. Certain proteins are found in cockroach feces and saliva and can cause allergic reactions or trigger asthma symptoms in some individuals.

Cockroaches are commonly found in crowded cities and the southern regions of the United States. Cockroach allergens likely play a significant role in asthma in many urban areas. Asthma: Limit asthma attacks caused by colds or flu
A cold or the flu can trigger an asthma attack. Here's why  and how to keep your sneeze from turning into a wheeze.

By Mayo Clinic staff
Respiratory infections, such as colds and the flu, are one of the most common causes of asthma flare-ups, especially in young children. A stuffy nose, sore throat, cough, fever, or other signs and symptoms caused by a cold or flu (influenza) virus can be a nuisance. But if you have asthma, even a minor respiratory infection can cause major problems. Asthma signs and symptoms, such as wheezing and chest tightness, may not respond as well to regular asthma medications. Also, asthma symptoms caused by a respiratory infection may last for several days to weeks.

There's no sure way to keep yourself or your child from getting a cold or the flu. But taking steps to avoid getting sick  and taking the right steps when you do  can help.

Preventing colds and the flu

Take these steps to help you avoid getting sick:

Get an annual flu shot unless your doctor recommends against it. Most adults and children older than 6 months old should get a flu vaccination every year. If you do get a vaccination, you'll need a shot (injection), since nasal spray vaccinations, such as FluMist, aren't recommended for people with asthma. You or your child may need vaccinations for more than one type of flu virus.
Ask your doctor if you need a pneumonia vaccination. Most people need to get this vaccination only one time, but in some cases a booster shot is needed.
Avoid contact with anyone who's sick. Germs that cause respiratory infections are easily passed from person to person.
Wash your hands often. This kills the germs that can cause respiratory infections. Carry a bottle of hand sanitizer to kill germs while you're on the go.
Avoid touching your eyes, nose and mouth. These are the points where germs that can make you sick enter your body.
Stay in shape. Regular exercise may help you avoid getting sick. Manage asthma by staying organized. Here's help creating an adult asthma action plan.

By Mayo Clinic staff
Maintaining good day-to-day asthma control is the key to keeping symptoms at bay and preventing asthma attacks. Having a written asthma action plan makes it easier for you to measure whether your asthma is under control  and it lets you know exactly what steps to take when it isn't. Using an asthma action plan is especially important if you have moderate to severe asthma or you've had a serious asthma attack in the past. Here's how to get started.

Creating your asthma action plan

Because asthma varies from person to person, you'll need to work with your doctor to develop a plan that's customized for you. Your action plan can help you:

Track asthma symptoms. The plan will help you keep tabs on asthma signs and symptoms and record when your symptoms interfere with daily activities, such as work, exercise or sleep. You'll also need to track how often you use a quick-relief inhaler (such as albuterol) to ease symptoms.
Record peak flow readings. You may use a peak flow meter to track your asthma day to day. This simple hand-held device tests how well the lungs are working. Measurements that are lower than usual indicate that the lungs aren't working as well as they should be. This is often the first sign that asthma is getting worse.
Judge asthma control. The action plan will give you a system for making sense of the information you record. Many asthma plans use a "traffic light" system of green, yellow and red zones that correspond to worsening symptoms. This system can help you quickly determine asthma severity and identify signs of an asthma attack. Some asthma plans use a symptoms questionnaire called the Asthma Control Test (ACT) to measure asthma severity over the past month.
Adjust medications. Your plan should say when you need to make medication adjustments based on the severity of your asthma symptoms. Asthma medications usually include long-term control medications, such as inhaled corticosteroids, and as-needed, quick-relief medications, such as inhaled albuterol. Make sure you understand what medications to use when, how to use them and what to expect.
Recognize and treat an asthma attack. Tracking symptoms daily and adjusting treatment accordingly improves asthma control and reduces the risk of having an asthma attack. But if symptoms do start to get worse quickly, follow the action plan's instructions for using quick-relief medications or other steps to get your symptoms under control.
Know when to seek emergency care. Some asthma attacks can't be managed at home. Use the action plan to recognize the signs of rapidly worsening asthma. If you use a peak flow meter, the action plan will also tell you when low peak flow readings signal that an asthma attack has become an emergency.
Avoid asthma triggers. The action plan may have a place for you to list your asthma triggers and notes on how to avoid them. These vary from person to person  examples include exercise, cold air, pollen, dust mites, mold, pet dander, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), smoke, including secondhand tobacco smoke, and respiratory infections. Asthma treatment: Do complementary and alternative approaches work?
Many people try complementary and alternative asthma treatments ranging from herbs to yoga. Discover which home remedies for asthma are most likely to work.

By Mayo Clinic staff
Complementary and alternative asthma treatment ranges from breathing exercises to herbal remedies. Researchers are still investigating whether these types of asthma treatments really work and are safe. In many cases, the verdict's still out. Here's what the evidence says.

Acupuncture
Acupuncture involves the insertion of very thin needles into your skin at specific points on your body. Acupuncture originated in China thousands of years ago, and its popularity has grown significantly in other parts of the world. Some studies suggest that asthma symptoms may improve with acupuncture, but there's still not enough clear evidence to be certain. If you decide to try acupuncture, work with an experienced, licensed acupuncturist or a medical doctor who practices acupuncture. When delivered by trained practitioners, acupuncture is relatively low risk.

Breathing exercises
Breathing techniques for asthma have been around for years, but many health providers remain skeptical about them. They don't seem to improve the underlying allergic reaction that causes asthma symptoms. Nonetheless, in a number of studies, people who did breathing exercises reported improved symptoms.

Breathing methods vary, but generally involve learning to:

Take breaths less often
Take slower breaths
Breathe through your nose rather than your mouth
Use your abdominal muscles to take deep "belly breaths" (diaphragmatic breathing)
A few breathing techniques used for asthma include the Buteyko breathing technique and yoga breathing (pranayama). Some methods also offer advice about stress reduction, medication use, nutrition and general health. New programs are being tried to see what works best. Some clinics and researchers offer breathing technique instruction as part of asthma treatment, either face to face or via video or Internet.

Herbal remedies
Herbal remedies have been used for thousands of years to treat lung disorders and are still considered a primary asthma treatment in many countries. Some have shown promise in research, but more studies are still needed to find out for certain what works and what's safe. Herbs that have shown at least some promise in treating asthma symptoms include:

Butterbur
Dried ivy
Ginkgo extract
Tylophora indica
French maritime pine bark extract (pycnogenol)
Indian frankincense (Boswellia serrata)
Choline
Blends of different types of herbs are commonly used in traditional Chinese, Indian and Japanese medicine. Certain combinations of herbs may be more effective than taking one herbal remedy on its own.

Use caution with herbal remedies and always discuss the use of any new herb or dietary supplement with your doctor. Consider these concerns before taking any herbal remedy:

Quality and dose. Until recently, the quality of herbal and dietary supplements sold in the United States was often suspect. Things have improved with the introduction of guidelines from the Food and Drug Administration. The guidelines help ensure that manufacturers accurately indicate on the label what is in the bottle. While this is a significant step forward, it still pays to do your homework and research different brands.
Side effects. Side effects caused by herbal supplements can range from minor to severe, and depend on the herb and the dose you take. Be especially cautious of herbal asthma remedies that contain ephedra or ephedra-like substances, which may cause high blood pressure and have been linked to heart attack and stroke. Examples include ma-huang (banned in the United States) and bitter orange.
Drug interactions. Certain herbal remedies can interact with other medications.
These concerns don't necessarily mean trying an herbal treatment is a bad idea  you just need to be careful. Talk to your doctor before taking an herbal remedy to make sure it's safe for you.

Homeopathy
Homeopathy aims to stimulate the body's self-healing response using very small doses of substances that cause symptoms. In the case of asthma, homeopathic remedies are made from substances that generally trigger an asthmatic reaction, such as pollen or weeds. There's limited evidence that homeopathy helps treat asthma. The substances that trigger symptoms are used in such tiny amounts that they're unlikely to cause an asthma attack. Even so, most asthma experts discourage trying homeopathic treatment.

Inspiratory muscle training
This technique helps strengthen lung muscles with a series of breathing exercises. It's sometimes used for other lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and after certain types of surgery. These exercises definitely strengthen the muscles of your lungs, but there's not enough proof to say whether they help with asthma.

Massage and chiropractic treatment
Although some claim that these treatments help, there's no evidence that physical manipulation of the spine or muscles reduces asthma symptoms.

Relaxation therapy
Relaxation therapy techniques include meditation, biofeedback, hypnosis and progressive muscle relaxation. It's unclear whether any of these techniques directly help with asthma, but they do seem to reduce stress and promote a sense of well-being.

Vitamins and supplements
More research is needed to determine whether vitamins or other nutrients may help ease asthma symptoms in people who have a deficiency. Three that seem promising include:

Antioxidants. People with severe asthma appear to have decreased levels of these protective nutrients found in fruits and vegetables. Antioxidants such as vitamin C, vitamin A and magnesium may have some effect on asthma by boosting the immune system.
Omega-3 fatty acids. Found in several types of fish, healthy oils containing omega-3s may reduce the inflammation that leads to asthma symptoms, but the verdict's still out. They also appear to have a number of other health benefits. It isn't clear whether omega-3s from vegetable sources have the same beneficial effects as omega-3s found in fish.
Vitamin D. Some people with severe asthma have a vitamin D deficiency. Researchers are exploring whether vitamin D may reduce asthma symptoms in some people.
A multivitamin or supplement pill may help you get nutrients, but the best way to make sure you're getting adequate nutrition is to eat a varied diet rich in fresh, unprocessed foods. Allergies and asthma: They often occur together
Allergies and asthma: A Mayo Clinic specialist explains the connection, and what you can do to prevent attacks and manage symptoms.

By Mayo Clinic staff

James T. Li, M.D.
You may wonder what allergies and asthma have in common besides making you miserable. A lot, as it turns out. Allergies and asthma often occur together.

The same substances that trigger your hay fever symptoms may also cause asthma signs and symptoms such as shortness of breath, wheezing and chest tightness. This is called allergic asthma or allergy-induced asthma. Substances such as pollen, dust mites and pet dander are common triggers. In some people, skin or food allergies can cause asthma symptoms.

James T. Li, M.D., a Mayo Clinic allergy specialist, answers questions about the link between allergies and asthma.

How does an allergic reaction cause asthma symptoms?

An allergic response occurs when immune system chemicals (antibodies) mistakenly identify a harmless substance such as tree pollen as a dangerous invader. In an attempt to protect your body from the substance, antibodies attack the allergen. The chemicals released by your immune system lead to allergy signs and symptoms, such as nasal congestion, runny nose, itchy eyes or skin reactions. For some people, this same reaction also affects the lungs and airways, leading to asthma symptoms.

Are allergies and asthma treated differently?

Some treatment can reduce both asthma and allergy symptoms, but most are designed to treat either one or the other. A few treatments can help with both conditions. For example:

Leukotriene modifier. Montelukast (Singulair) is a medication that eases both allergy and asthma symptoms. Called a leukotriene modifier, this daily pill helps control immune system chemicals released during an allergic reaction. In rare cases, this and other leukotriene modifiers have been linked to psychological reactions, including suicidal thinking. Seek medical advice right away for any unusual psychological reaction to one of these medications.
Allergy shots (immunotherapy). Allergy shots can help treat asthma by gradually reducing your immune system response to certain allergy triggers. Immunotherapy involves getting regular injections of a tiny amount of the allergens that trigger your symptoms. Your immune system builds up a tolerance to the allergens over time, and your allergic reactions diminish. In turn, asthma symptoms decrease as well. This treatment generally requires regular injections over a period of three to five years.
You may need other medications to treat allergies or asthma, especially if your symptoms become severe at times. However, recognizing and avoiding the allergic substances that trigger your symptoms is the most important step you can take. asthma inhalers: Which one's right for you?
Here's information that will help you weigh the pros and cons of different asthma inhalers.

By Mayo Clinic staff
Asthma inhalers are hand-held portable devices that deliver medication to your lungs. A variety of asthma inhalers are available to help control asthma symptoms in adults and children. Certain types of asthma inhalers may work better for you than do others. Finding the right asthma inhaler can help make sure you get the right dose of medication to prevent or treat asthma attacks whenever you need it.

Types of asthma inhalers include:

Metered dose inhalers. These inhalers consist of a pressurized canister containing medication that fits into a boot-shaped plastic mouthpiece. With most metered dose inhalers, medication is released by pushing the canister into the boot. One type of metered dose inhaler releases medication automatically when you inhale. Some metered dose inhalers have counters so that you know how many doses remain. If there's no counter, you'll need to track the number of doses you've used to tell when the inhaler's low on medication.
Metered dose inhaler with a spacer. A spacer holds medication after it's released, making it easier to inhale the full dose. Releasing the medication into the spacer gives you time to inhale more slowly, decreasing the amount of medicine that's left on the back of your throat and increasing the amount that reaches your lungs. Some metered dose inhalers have a built-in spacer. Others can be used with a separate spacer that attaches to the inhaler.
Dry powder inhaler. These inhalers don't use a chemical propellant to push the medication out of the inhaler. Instead, the medication is released by breathing in a deep, fast breath. Available types include a dry powder tube inhaler, a powder disk inhaler and a single-dose powder disk inhaler.
Comparing inhaler types

Choosing the right kind of asthma inhaler for you depends on several factors. Keep in mind, some medications are available only with certain inhaler types. The chart below can help you understand the pros and cons of each type. Work with your doctor to find the inhaler that best meets your needs. An allergy starts when the immune system mistakes a normally harmless substance for a dangerous invader. The immune system then produces antibodies that are always on the alert for your particular allergen. When you're exposed to the allergen again in the future, these antibodies release a number of immune system chemicals, such as histamine, that cause allergy symptoms.

Common allergy triggers include:

Airborne allergens, such as pollen, animal dander, dust mites and mold
Certain foods, particularly peanuts, tree nuts, wheat, soy, fish, shellfish, eggs and milk
Insect stings, such as bee stings or wasp stings
Medications, particularly penicillin or penicillin-based antibiotics
Latex or other substances you touch, which can cause allergic skin reactions Corticosteroid medications  including cortisone, hydrocortisone and prednisone  have great potential in the treatment of a variety of conditions, from rashes to lupus to asthma. But corticosteroids also carry a risk of side effects. Working with your doctor, you can take steps to reduce these medications' side effects so that the benefits of treatment outweigh the risks.Corticosteroids mimic the effects of hormones your body produces naturally in your adrenal glands, which sit on top of your kidneys. When prescribed in doses that exceed your body's usual levels, corticosteroids suppress inflammation. This can reduce the signs and symptoms of inflammatory conditions, such as arthritis and asthma. 
 You can take corticosteroids:

    By mouth. Tablets, capsules or syrups help treat the inflammation and pain associated with certain chronic conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis and lupus.
    By inhaler and intranasal spray. These forms help control inflammation associated with asthma and nasal allergies.
    Topically. Creams and ointments can help heal many skin conditions.
    By injection. This form is used to treat such signs and symptoms as the pain and inflammation of tendinitis.
 Pregnancy and asthma: Managing your symptoms
Asthma during pregnancy can pose health risks for you and your baby. Know how to avoid triggers and use medication safely.

By Mayo Clinic staff
Asthma is a chronic lung condition. If you're pregnant, asthma can have an impact on your health and your baby's health. Find out what you need to know about asthma and pregnancy.

Why is asthma during pregnancy a concern?

If you're effectively treating your asthma and it's well controlled during pregnancy, there's little or no risk of asthma-related complications. However, severe or poorly controlled asthma during pregnancy might increase the risk of various problems, including:

Oxygen deprivation for the baby
Morning sickness
Vaginal bleeding
High blood pressure and protein in the urine after 20 weeks of pregnancy (preeclampsia)
Restricted fetal growth
Complicated labor
Need for a C-section
Premature birth
Low birth weight
In extreme cases, the baby's life might be in jeopardy.

Can pregnancy make asthma worse?

Asthma is classified into four general categories, from least to most severe. Often, pregnancy doesn't affect asthma severity. For some women, however, asthma improves during pregnancy. When this happens, the improvement is generally gradual as the pregnancy progresses. It's also possible for asthma to get worse during pregnancy, with symptoms typically increasing during week 29 to week 36 of pregnancy.

It's not clear why asthma symptoms improve in some women and worsen in others during pregnancy. However, it's possible that some women experience worse asthma symptoms late in pregnancy because they stop taking their medications after becoming pregnant. Any changes you make to your medication routine might also influence the severity of your asthma symptoms.

Is it safe to take asthma medication during pregnancy?

Any medication you take during pregnancy can affect your baby. Some concerns have been raised about the use of systemic glucocorticoids, which could cause a condition in which the baby's adrenal glands don't produce enough of certain hormones immediately after birth (neonatal adrenal insufficiency). However, most asthma medications can be safely used during pregnancy. Also, it's safer to take asthma medications during pregnancy than it is to experience asthma symptoms or an asthma attack. If you're having trouble breathing, your baby might not get enough oxygen.

If you need medication to control your asthma symptoms during pregnancy, your health care provider will prescribe the safest medication at the most appropriate dosage. Take the medication exactly as prescribed. Don't stop taking the medication or adjust the dosage on your own. Depending on the type of medication you're taking and your symptoms, your health care provider might be able to monitor your asthma control during your prenatal visits. In other cases, you might need to consult your family doctor or asthma specialist throughout the pregnancy.

If you started a course of allergy shots before pregnancy, you can continue the shots during pregnancy. However, beginning a course of allergy shots during pregnancy isn't recommended. Allergy shots can cause a dangerous allergic reaction known as anaphylaxis  especially early in the course of therapy. Anaphylaxis during pregnancy can be fatal for both mother and baby.

Will I need special tests?

If you have poorly controlled or moderate to severe asthma or you're recovering from a severe asthma attack, your health care provider might recommend a series of ultrasounds starting at week 32 of pregnancy to monitor your baby's growth and activity. During an ultrasound, high-frequency sound waves are used to produce images of the baby in your uterus.

If your asthma symptoms are getting steadily worse, your health care provider might recommend electronic fetal monitoring or a biophysical profile  a prenatal test used to check on a baby's well-being. The test combines fetal heart rate monitoring and fetal ultrasound. During a biophysical profile, a baby's heart rate, breathing, movements, muscle tone and amniotic fluid level are evaluated.

Your health care provider might also recommend that you pay close attention to your baby's activity level. Long-term control medications

Many people with asthma need to take long-term control medications on a daily basis. You take these medications even when you don't have symptoms. There are several types of long-term control medications, including the following.

Inhaled corticosteroids
These anti-inflammatory drugs are the most effective and commonly used long-term control medications for asthma. They reduce swelling and tightening in your airways. You may need to use these medications for several days to weeks before they reach their maximum benefit. Inhaled corticosteroids include: Fluticasone (Flovent Diskus), Budesonide (Pulmicort), Mometasone (Asmanex Twisthaler), Beclomethasone (Qvar), Ciclesonide (Alvesco).
In children, long-term use of inhaled corticosteroids may slightly delay growth, but the benefits of using these medications to maintain good asthma control generally outweigh their risks. Regular use of inhaled corticosteroids helps keep asthma attacks and other problems linked to poorly controlled asthma in check.

Corticosteroids don't generally cause serious side effects. When they do occur, side effects can include mouth and throat irritation and oral yeast infections. If you're using a metered dose inhaler, use a spacer and rinse your mouth with water after each use to reduce the amount of drug that can be swallowed and absorbed into your body.

Leukotriene modifiers
These medications block the effects of leukotrienes, immune system chemicals that cause asthma symptoms. Leukotriene modifiers can help prevent symptoms for up to 24 hours. Examples include:Montelukast (Singulair), Zafirlukast (Accolate), Zileuton (Zyflo).
In rare cases, montelukast has been linked to psychological reactions, such as agitation, aggression, hallucinations, depression and suicidal thinking. See your doctor right away if you have any unusual reaction.

Long-acting beta agonists (LABAs)
These bronchodilator (brong-koh-DIE-lay-tur) medications open up narrowed airways and reduce swelling. Their effects last at least 12 hours, and they're used to control moderate to severe asthma and to prevent nighttime symptoms. LABAs are used on a regular schedule along with inhaled corticosteroids. Although they're effective, they've been linked to severe asthma attacks. For this reason, LABAs are taken only in combination with an inhaled corticosteroid. Examples of LABAs include: Salmeterol (Serevent), Formoterol (Foradil, Perforomist), Theophylline.
You take this bronchodilator in pill form every day to treat mild asthma. Theophylline (Theo-24, Elixophyllin, others) relaxes the airways and decreases the lungs' response to irritants. It can be helpful for nighttime asthma symptoms. If you're taking theophylline, you may need regular blood tests to make sure you're getting the correct dose. Potential side effects of theophylline include insomnia and gastroesophageal reflux.

Combination inhalers: Corticosteroids and long-acting beta agonists
Some inhaled asthma medication combinations contain both a corticosteroid and a bronchodilator: Fluticasone and salmeterol (Advair Diskus), Budesonide and formoterol (Symbicort), Mometasone and formoterol (Dulera)
As with other LABA medications, these inhalers may increase your risk of having a severe asthma attack and should be used with caution. 
Allergies occur when your immune system reacts to a foreign substance such as pollen, bee venom or pet dander.

Your immune system produces substances known as antibodies. Some of these antibodies protect you from unwanted invaders that could make you sick or cause an infection. When you have allergies, your immune system makes antibodies that identify your particular allergen as something harmful, even though it isn't. When you come into contact with the allergen, your immune system's reaction inflames your skin, sinuses, airways or digestive system.

The severity of allergies varies from person to person and can range from minor irritation to anaphylaxis  a potentially life-threatening emergency. While allergies can't be cured, a number of treatments can help relieve your allergy symptoms. Having an allergy increases your risk of certain other medical problems, including:

Anaphylaxis. If you have severe allergies, you're at increased risk of this serious allergy-induced reaction. Anaphylaxis is most commonly associated with food allergy, penicillin allergy and allergy to insect venom.
Another allergy. Having one type of allergy also increases your risk of becoming allergic to something else.
Asthma. If you have an allergy, you're more likely to have asthma  an immune system reaction that affects the airways and breathing. In many cases, asthma is triggered by exposure to an allergen in the environment (allergy-induced asthma).
Atopic dermatitis (eczema), sinusitis, and infections of the ears or lungs. Your risk of getting these conditions is higher if you have hay fever, a pet allergy or a mold allergy.
Fungal complications of your sinuses or your lungs. You're at increased risk of getting these conditions, known as allergic fungal sinusitis and allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, if you're allergic to mold. Secondhand smoke: Avoid dangers in the air
Exposure to the toxins in secondhand smoke can cause asthma, cancer and other serious problems. Know what you're breathing  and consider practical steps for clearing the air.

By Mayo Clinic staff
You don't smoke because you understand the dangers  but what about secondhand smoke? Secondhand smoke causes or contributes to various health problems, including heart disease, lung disease and various types of cancer. Understand what's in secondhand smoke, and consider ways to protect yourself and those you love from secondhand smoke.

What's in secondhand smoke?

Secondhand smoke  also known as environmental tobacco smoke  includes the smoke that a smoker exhales (mainstream smoke) and the smoke that comes directly from the burning tobacco product (sidestream smoke). Secondhand smoke contains thousands of toxic chemicals, including:

Ammonia, used in cleaning products
Butane, used in lighter fluid
Carbon monoxide, found in car exhaust
Chromium, used to make steel
Cyanide, used in chemical weapons
Formaldehyde, an industrial chemical
Lead, a toxic metal
Polonium, a radioactive substance
The dangerous particles in secondhand smoke can linger in the air for hours or even longer. It isn't just the smoke that's a concern, though. The residue that clings to a smoker's hair and clothing, as well as cushions, carpeting and other goods  sometimes referred to as thirdhand smoke  also can pose risks, especially for children. Medications that focus on treating allergy triggers include:

    Allergy shots. Allergy shots (immunotherapy) may be an option if you have allergic asthma that can't be controlled by avoiding triggers. You'll begin with skin tests to determine which allergens trigger your asthma symptoms. Then you'll get a series of injections containing small doses of those allergens.

    You generally receive injections once a week for a few months, and then once a month for a period of three to five years. In some cases, desensitization can be done more quickly. Over time, you should lose your sensitivity to the allergens.

    Omalizumab. Omalizumab (Xolair) is sometimes used to treat asthma triggered by airborne allergens. If you have allergies, your immune system produces allergy-causing antibodies to attack substances that generally cause no harm, such as pollen, dust mites and pet dander. Omalizumab blocks the action of these antibodies, reducing your immune system reaction that causes allergy and asthma symptoms.

    Omalizumab is given by injection every two to four weeks. It isn't generally recommended for children under 12. In rare cases, this medication has triggered a life-threatening allergic reaction (anaphylaxis). Anyone who takes omalizumab should be monitored closely by health professionals after getting an omalizumab injection in case of a severe reaction.

    Allergy medications. These include oral and nasal spray antihistamines and decongestants as well as corticosteroid and cromolyn nasal sprays. Allergy medications are available over-the-counter and in prescription form.

    Corticosteroid nasal spray helps reduce inflammation without causing the rebound effect sometimes caused by nonprescription sprays. Because it has few, if any, side effects, cromolyn is safe to use over long periods of time.
 The doctor will want your child to take just the right amount and type of medication needed to control his or her asthma. This will help prevent side effects. Based on your record of how well your child's current medications seem to control signs and symptoms, your child's doctor may "step up" treatment to a higher dose or add another type of medication. If your child's asthma is well controlled, the doctor may "step down" treatment by reducing your child's medications. This is known as the stepwise approach to asthma treatment.

Certain medications aren't specifically approved for use in children by the Food and Drug Administration, but the doctor may prescribe them based on his or her judgment of what's likely to work best for your child. 

Long-term control medications
Known as maintenance medications, these are generally taken every day on a long-term basis to control persistent asthma. These medications may be used seasonally if your child's asthma symptoms become worse during certain times of the year.

Types of long-term control medications include: Inhaled corticosteroids, Leukotriene modifiers, Combination inhalers, Theophylline.

Quick-relief 'rescue' medications
These medications  called short-acting bronchodilators  provide immediate relief of asthma symptoms and last four to six hours. Albuterol is the most commonly used short-acting bronchodilator for asthma. Others include pirbuterol and levalbuterol. Although these medications work quickly, they can't keep your child's symptoms from coming back. If your child has frequent or severe symptoms, he or she will need to take a long-term control medication such as an inhaled corticosteroid.

Immunotherapy for allergy-induced asthma
Allergy-desensitization shots (immunotherapy) may help if your child has allergic asthma that can't be easily controlled by avoiding asthma triggers. Your child will begin with skin tests to determine which allergy-causing substances (allergens) may trigger asthma symptoms. Once your child's asthma triggers are identified, he or she will get a series of injections containing small doses of those allergens. Your son or daughter will probably need injections once a week for a few months, then once a month for a period of three to five years. Your child's allergic reactions and asthma symptoms should gradually diminish. 
atopic dermatitis medications
 Over-the-counter (nonprescription) anti-itch creams and other self-care measures may help control mild atopic dermatitis. Your doctor may recommend prescription corticosteroid creams or ointments to ease scaling and relieve itching. Some low-potency corticosteroid creams are available without a prescription, but you should always talk to your doctor before using any topical corticosteroid. If itching is severe, oral antihistamines may help. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl, others) can make you sleepy and may be helpful at bedtime. For more severe cases, your doctor may prescribe oral corticosteroids, such as prednisone, or an intramuscular injection of corticosteroids to reduce inflammation and to control symptoms. These medications are effective, but can\'t be used long term because of potential serious side effects. A class of medications called immunomodulators, such as tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel), affect the immune system and may help maintain normal skin texture and reduce flares of atopic dermatitis. This prescription-only medication is approved for children older than 2 and for adults. Due to possible concerns about the effect of these medications on the immune system when used for prolonged periods, the Food and Drug Administration recommends that Elidel and Protopic be used only when other treatments have failed or if someone can\'t tolerate other treatments. Many alternative therapies  including chamomile, evening-primrose oil, witch hazel extract and borage seed oil  have been touted as possible ways to treat atopic dermatitis (eczema). However, there\'s no conclusive evidence that any of these alternative therapies are effective.
atopic dermatitis medications
  Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin. It is a common condition affecting approximately 17% of the population.  It is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. As some children with atopic dermatitis grow older, their skin disease improves or disappears altogether, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated.

 Treatments for atopic dermatitis (eczema) aim to reduce inflammation, relieve itching and prevent future flare-ups. Nonprescription anti-itch creams and other self-care measures may help control mild atopic dermatitis.  Self-care measures, such as avoiding soaps or other irritants and applying creams or ointments, can help relieve itching. Corticosteroid creams or ointments can ease scaling and relieve itching. Some low-potency corticosteroid creams are available without a prescription, but you should always talk to your doctor before using any topical corticosteroid. Antibiotics help a bacterial skin infection or an open sore or fissure caused by scratching. Taking antibiotics for a short time to treat an infection or for longer periods of time to reduce bacteria on your skin and to prevent recurrent infections. If itching is severe, oral antihistamines may help. 

Although atopic dermatitis is related to allergies, eliminating allergens is rarely helpful in clearing the condition. Allergy shots usually aren\'t successful in treating atopic dermatitis.
atopic dermatitis medications
 The exact cause of atopic dermatitis (eczema) is unknown, but it\'s likely due to a combination of dry, irritable skin with a malfunction in the body\'s immune system. Stress and other emotional disorders can worsen atopic dermatitis, but they don\'t cause it. Corticosteroid creams or ointments. Your doctor may recommend prescription corticosteroid creams or ointments to ease scaling and relieve itching. Some low-potency corticosteroid creams are available without a prescription, but you should always talk to your doctor before using any topical corticosteroid. Over-the-counter (nonprescription) anti-itch creams and other self-care measures may help control mild atopic dermatitis. Although atopic dermatitis is related to allergies, eliminating allergens is rarely helpful in clearing the condition. Occasionally, items that trap dust  such as feather pillows, down comforters, mattresses, carpeting and drapes  can worsen the condition. Allergy shots usually aren\'t successful in treating atopic dermatitis. Light therapy (phototherapy) As the name suggests, this treatment uses natural or artificial light. The simplest and easiest form of phototherapy involves exposing your skin to controlled amounts of natural sunlight. Other forms of light therapy include the use of artificial ultraviolet A (UVA) or ultraviolet B (UVB) light including the more recently available narrow band ultraviolet B (NBUVB) either alone or with medications. Though effective, long-term light therapy has many harmful effects, including premature skin aging and an increased risk of skin cancer.
atopic dermatitis medications
 The right medications for Asthma depend on a number of things, including age,  symptoms, asthma triggers and what seems to work best to keep the asthma under control. Preventive, long-term control medications reduce the inflammation in the airways that leads to symptoms. Quick-relief inhalers (bronchodilators) quickly open swollen airways that are limiting breathing. Types of long-term control medications include: Inhaled corticosteroids.  These medications include fluticasone, budesonide, mometasone, ciclesonide, flunisolide, beclomethasone and others.

Leukotriene modifiers are oral medications (including montelukast , zafirlukast and zileutonhelp relieve asthma symptoms for up to 24 hour. These medication may have more severe side effects.

Long-acting beta agonists are inhaled medications, which include salmeterol and formoterol, open the airways and reduce inflammation.

Some research shows that thesse may increase the risk of a severe asthma attack, so take them only in combination with an inhaled corticosteroid.

Combination inhalers are medications such as fluticasone-salmeterol, budesonide-formoterol and mometasone-formoterol which contain a long-acting beta agonist along with a corticosteroid.

Because these combination inhalers contain long-acting beta agonists, they may increase the risk of having a severe asthma attack.

 A variety of asthma inhalers are available to help control asthma symptoms in adults and children.

Theophylline is a daily pill that helps keep the airways open (bronchodilator) by relaxing the muscles around the airways. It's not used as often now as in past years.



 Most asthma medications can be safely used during pregnancy. 

Not all medications are  approved for use in children by the FDA, but the doctor may prescribe them based on judgment of what\'s likely to work best for the child.
atopic dermatitis medications
 Asthma is a chronic disease that affects the airways. This can cause wheezing, coughing, chest tightness and trouble breathing, especially early in the morning or at night. Asthma is treated with two kinds of medicines: quick-relief medicines to stop asthma symptoms and long-term control medicines to prevent symptoms. 

 Quick-relief medications are used as needed for rapid, short-term symptom relief during an asthma attack such as Short-acting beta agonists. When inhaled, quick-relief bronchodilators act within minutes to rapidly ease symptoms during an asthma attack. 

Many people with asthma need to take long-term control medications on a daily basis. Oral and intravenous corticosteroids such as prednisone and methylprednisolone relieve airway inflammation caused by severe asthma. They can cause serious side effects when used long term, so they're used only on a short-term basis to treat severe asthma symptoms. 

Regular use of inhaled corticosteroids helps keep asthma attacks and other problems linked to poorly controlled asthma in check.  In children, long-term use of inhaled corticosteroids may slightly delay growth, but the benefits of using these medications to maintain good asthma control generally outweigh their risks. Some inhaled asthma medication combinations contain both a corticosteroid and a bronchodilator.

 As with other LABA medications, these inhalers may increase your risk of having a severe asthma attack and should be used with caution.

Allergy medications may help if asthma is triggered or worsened by allergies. Over time, allergy shots gradually reduce the immune system reaction to specific allergens.


atopic dermatitis medications
 Quick-relief (rescue) medications are used as needed for rapid, short-term symptom relief during an asthma attack  or before exercise if your doctor recommends it. Types of quick-relief medications include:  Short-acting beta agonists. These inhaled, quick-relief bronchodilators act within minutes to rapidly ease symptoms during an asthma attack. Short-acting beta agonists can be taken using a portable, hand-held inhaler or a nebulizer  a machine that converts asthma medications to a fine mist, so they can be inhaled through a face mask or a mouthpiece. Like other bronchodilators, ipratropium acts quickly to immediately relax your airways, making it easier to breathe. Ipratropium is mostly used for emphysema and chronic bronchitis, but it\'s sometimes used to treat asthma attacks. Oral and intravenous corticosteroids. These medications  which include prednisone and methylprednisolone  relieve airway inflammation caused by severe asthma. They can cause serious side effects when used long term, so they\'re used only on a short-term basis to treat severe asthma symptoms. If you have an asthma flare-up, a quick-relief inhaler can ease your symptoms right away. But if your long-term control medications are working properly, you shouldn\'t need to use your quick-relief inhaler very often. Keep a record of how many puffs you use each week. If you need to use your quick-relief inhaler more often than your doctor recommends, see your doctor.
atopic dermatitis medications
Asthma is a chronic  lung disease that inflames and narrows the airways. In asthma, the inside walls of airways tubes become sore and swollen and the lungs do not get enough air. Cells in the airways may make more mucus than normal. This chain reaction can result in asthma symptoms. Symptoms may include wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath, and coughing. When symptoms get more intense and additional symptoms occur, this is an asthma attack. Severe attacks may require emergency care, and they can cause death.

Allergy-induced asthma is triggered by exposure to an allergen in the environment  such as pollen, dust mites and pet dander. In some people, skin or food allergies can cause asthma symptoms. An allergic response occurs when immune system chemicals (antibodies) mistakenly identify a harmless substance such as tree pollen as a dangerous invader. In an attempt to protect the body from the substance, antibodies attack the allergen. Some treatment can reduce both asthma and allergy symptoms, but most are designed to treat either one or the other. Allergy shots can help treat asthma by gradually reducing the  immune system response to certain allergy triggers. 

A hygiene hypothesis assumes that the Western lifestyle which emphasises hygiene and sanitation has resulted in changes in living conditions and an overall decline in infections in early childhood. This affects the way that young children's immune systems develop, and it may increase their risk for atopy and asthma. 

Asthma is treated with two kinds of medicines: quick-relief to stop asthma symptoms and long-term control to prevent symptoms. 
atopic dermatitis medications
Asthma is a chronic lung disease that inflames and narrows the airways. Asthma causes recurring periods of wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath, and coughing.

Allergies occur when the immune system reacts to a foreign substance such as pollen, bee venom or pet dander. Inflaming the: skin, sinuses, airways or digestive system.

Allergies and asthma often occur together. Indoor allergens and irritants play a significant role in triggering asthma attacks. Allergic asthma is characterized by symptoms that are triggered by an allergic reaction. Exposure to dust mites can cause asthma in children who have not previously exhibited asthma symptoms. Allergic asthma is airway obstruction and inflammation that is partially reversible with medication. It is the most common form of asthma, affecting over 50% of the 20 million asthma sufferers.Over 2.5 million children under age 18 suffer from it.

Atopic dermatitis is a common, often long-lasting skin disease that affects a large percentage of the world's population.  It is a special type of allergic hypersensitivity that includes a triad of conditions that includes asthma, inhalant allergies, and a chronic dermatitis.

Some treatment can reduce both asthma and allergy symptoms, but most are designed to treat either one or the other. Montelukast (Singulair) is a medication that eases both allergy and asthma symptoms. Allergy shots can help treat asthma by gradually reducing the immune system response to certain allergy triggers. Recognizing and avoiding the allergic substances that trigger the symptoms is the most important step. 

   
atopic dermatitis medications
Allergies and asthma often occur together. The same substances that trigger your hay fever symptoms may also cause asthma signs and symptoms such as shortness of breath, wheezing and chest tightness. This is called allergic asthma or allergy-induced asthma. Substances such as pollen, dust mites and pet dander are common triggers. 



In some people, skin or food allergies can cause asthma symptoms. 

Dogs, cats, rodents (including hamsters and guinea pigs) and other warm-blooded mammals can trigger asthma in individuals with an allergy to animal dander. Some people develop asthma because of contact with certain chemical irritants or industrial dusts in the workplace. This type of asthma is called occupational asthma. 



Some treatment can reduce both asthma and allergy symptoms, but most are designed to treat either one or the other. 

If your asthma symptoms are clearly related to allergens, and you can\'t avoid exposure to those allergens, your doctor may advise you to get allergy shots. Allergy shots can help treat asthma by gradually reducing your immune system response to certain allergy triggers. However, recognizing and avoiding the allergic substances that trigger your symptoms is the most important step you can take. 



Asthma is a long-term disease that has no cure. Symptoms of asthma or allergy also may improve on their own as an illness (like a cold or flu) runs its course. Hypnosis might give people with asthma or allergies more self-discipline to follow good health practices.  


atopic dermatitis medications
 Most, but not all, people who have asthma have allergies. Allergens Animal Dander Allergies occur when your immune system reacts to a foreign substance such as pollen, bee venom or pet dander.This is called allergic asthma or allergy-induced asthma. Allergies and asthma often occur together.  Common allergy triggers include:  Airborne allergens, such as pollen, animal dander, dust mites and mold Certain foods, particularly peanuts, tree nuts, wheat, soy, fish, shellfish, eggs and milk Insect stings, such as bee stings or wasp stings Medications, particularly penicillin or penicillin-based antibiotics Latex or other substances you touch, which can cause allergic skin reactions. Allergies and asthma often occur together. This is called allergic asthma or allergy-induced asthma. The same substances that trigger your hay fever symptoms may also cause asthma signs and symptoms such as shortness of breath, wheezing and chest tightness. In many cases, asthma is triggered by exposure to an allergen in the environment (allergy-induced asthma). If you have an allergy, you're more likely to have asthma  an immune system reaction that affects the airways and breathing.  In many cases, asthma is triggered by exposure to an allergen in the environment (allergy-induced asthma). A few treatments can help with both conditions.
atopic dermatitis medications
 Molds are microscopic fungi that live on plant and animal matter. Molds can be found almost anywhere when moisture is present. Mold spores float through the indoor and outdoor air continually. For people sensitive to molds, inhaling mold spores can trigger an asthma attack.  Mold is among the most hazardous household substances for people with allergies and asthma. They also can reach the lungs, to cause asthma or another serious illness called allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. If you have an allergy, you\'re more likely to have asthma  an immune system reaction that affects the airways and breathing. In many cases, asthma is triggered by exposure to an allergen in the environment (allergy-induced asthma). How To Control Things That Make Your Asthma Worse: Indoor Mold Fix leaky faucets, pipes, or other sources of water that have mold around them. Clean moldy surfaces with a cleaner that has bleach in it. Stay indoors with windows closed from late morning to afternoon, if you can. Clean damp areas in the bath, kitchen and around the house to keep mold spores from developing. Get rid of moldy leaves or damp firewood in the yard.
atopic dermatitis medications
  An allergy is triggered when the immune system mistakes a normally harmless substance for a dangerous invader. The immune system produces antibodies that are always on the alert for your particular allergen. When you\'re exposed to the allergen again in the future, these antibodies release a number of immune system chemicals, such as histamine, that cause allergy symptoms.Researchers think some genetic and environmental factors interact to cause asthma, most often early in life including:  hereditary (from parents), tendency (atopy), respiratory infections, exposure or contact to some airborne allergens or viral infections in early childhood,  exposure to irritants.

The same factors may affect people differently. 

Researchers explore Hygiene Hypothesis which claims that the hygienic lifestyle of the west reduce the exposure of children to infections and therefore the immune system is not practiced and tends to develop allergies. 



 Indoor allergies (perennial allergic rhinitis [PAR]/nasal allergies) occur when allergens that are commonly found indoors are inhaled into the nose and the lungs causing allergic reactions. Other common triggers include:  Airborne allergens (pollen, animal dander, dust mites and mold) Certain foods, particularly peanuts, tree nuts, wheat, soy, fish, shellfish, eggs and milk. Insect stings, such as bee stings or wasp stings, Certain proteins are found in cockroach feces and saliva and can cause allergic reactions or trigger asthma. Medications, particularly penicillin or penicillin-based antibiotics Latex or other substances you touch, which can cause allergic skin reactions. Smoke from wood-burning stoves and fireplaces contain a mixture of harmful gases and small particles.
atopic dermatitis medications
An allergy starts when the immune system mistakes a normally harmless substance for a dangerous invader and produces antibodies that are always on the alert for your particular allergen. When you're exposed to the allergen again in the future, these antibodies release a number of immune system chemicals, such as histamine, that cause allergy symptoms. Having an allergy increases the risk of certain medical problems, such as a runny nose, sneezing, itching, rashes, swelling, including Asthma (an immune system reaction that affects the airways and breathing). In many cases, allergies and asthma often occur together. So, If you have an allergy, you're more likely to have asthma. Asthma is triggered by exposure to an allergen in the environment (called allergy-induced asthma or allergic asthma). Allergic asthma is the most common form of asthma, affecting over 50% of the 20 million asthma sufferers. Substances such as pollen, dust mites, mold and pet dander are common triggers. In some people, skin or food allergies can cause asthma symptoms. The severity of allergies varies from person to person and can range from minor irritation to anaphylaxis a potentially life-threatening emergency. If you have asthma, you may react to just one trigger or you may find that several things act as triggers. With today's knowledge and treatments, most people who have asthma are able to manage the disease. However, recognizing and avoiding the allergic substances that trigger your symptoms is the most important step you can take.
atopic dermatitis medications
 Asthma is a chronic disease that affects your airways. Your airways are tubes that carry air in and out of your lungs. If you have asthma, the inside walls of your airways become sore and swollen. That makes them very sensitive, and they may react strongly to things that you are allergic to or find irritating. When your airways react, they get narrower and your lungs get less air. This can cause wheezing, coughing, chest tightness and trouble breathing, especially early in the morning or at night. When your asthma symptoms become worse than usual, it's called an asthma attack .The exact cause of asthma isn't known, Different factors may be more likely to cause asthma in some people  than in others.Researchers think some genetic and environmental factors interact to cause asthma, most often early in life. These factors include: An inherited tendency to develop allergies, called atopy (AT-o-pe), Parents who have asthma, Certain respiratory infections during childhood, Contact with some airborne allergens or exposure to some viral infections in infancy or in early childhood when the immune system is developing. If you have asthma, you may react to just one trigger or you may find that several things act as triggers. (Triggers are things that can cause asthma symptoms)  If you have asthma, you may react to just one trigger or you may find that several things act as triggers. Some common triggers are: Getting a cold or flu Pollen, dust and animals (especially cats) Cold weather, Smoking, Exercise.   
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What Is Mold Allergy? Mold and mildew are fungi. They differ from plants or animals in how they reproduce and grow. The "seeds" called spores, are spread by the wind outdoors and by air indoors. Some spores are released in dry, windy weather and others are released with the fog or dew when humidity is high. Inhaling the spores causes allergic reactions in some people. Although there are many types of molds, only a few dozen cause allergic reactions.

Mold spores can deposit on the lining of the nose and cause high fever symptoms.They also can reach the lungs, to cause asthma or another serious illness called allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. It is common for people to be at greater risk of developing mold allergy if they or other family members are allergic to substances such as pollen or animal dander or if their occupations includ more exposure to mold (for example: Farmers, dairymen, loggers, bakers, mill workers, carpenters, greenhouse employees, wine makers and furniture repairers). The symptoms of mold allergy are very similar to the symptoms of other allergies, such as sneezing, itching, nasal discharge, congestion and dry, scaling skin. In some people with allergy, irritation alone can cause a reaction. To diagnose an allergy to mold or fungi, the doctor will take a complete medical history, skin tests and use the physical examination all together. How Is Mold Allergy Treated? As with most allergies, patients should take some actions to avoid contact with the spores (for example: Wear a dust mask when cutting grass, digging around plants, picking up leaves, disturbing other plant materials and reduce the humidity indoors to 35%). 
atopic dermatitis medications
 Molds are microscopic fungi that live on plant and animal matter. When mold spores land on damp places indoors, they may begin growing.

 Mold can trigger asthma attacks and allergic reactions (such as hay fever or eczema), and cause health problems in people without those conditions. Mold grows in humid, damp environments, so the best way to prevent and control indoor mold is to keep your home as dry and ventilated as possible. Mold spores can deposit on the lining of the nose and cause hay fever symptoms. They also can reach the lungs, to cause asthma or another serious illness called allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis.



The symptoms of mold allergy are very similar to the symptoms of other allergies, such as sneezing, itching, nasal discharge, congestion and dry, scaling skin. Some people with mold allergies may have symptoms the entire summer because of outdoor molds or year-round if symptoms are due to indoor molds. 



For diagnosis doctors use patient's medical history, skin testing results, and physical examination.  



Prognosis: Allergies cannot be cured, symptoms of the allergy can be reduced by avoiding contact with the spores. Mold quantity in the air can measured help  the carrier decide if to stay in a place.



Treatment: avoid contact with the spores, wear a dust mask when exposure may occur, reduce the humidity indoors. Medications include antihistamines and decongestants, or prescribed non-sedating antihistamines if continuous consumption of antihistamines cause drowsiness. For moderate and severe allergy symptoms, your doctor may prescribe corticosteroid nasal sprays. 
atopic dermatitis medications
 Asthma is commonly divided into two types: allergic (extrinsic) asthma and non-allergic (intrinsic) asthma. Researchers think a combination of factors (family genes and certain environmental exposures) interact to cause asthma. Asthma triggers are different from person to person and can include:  Airborne allergens, such as pollen, animal dander, mold, cockroaches and dust mites Allergic reactions to some foods, such as peanuts or shellfish Respiratory infections, such as the common cold Physical activity (exercise-induced asthma) Cold air Air pollutants and irritants, such as smoke Certain medications, including beta blockers, aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin, others) and naproxen (Aleve) Strong emotions and stress Sulfites and preservatives added to some types of foods and beverages Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), a condition in which stomach acids back up into your throat Menstrual cycle in some women. If you have an allergy, you\'re more likely to have asthma  an immune system reaction that affects the airways and breathing.
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Allergic (extrinsic) asthma is characterized by symptoms that are triggered by an allergic reaction; it is an airway obstruction and inflammation that is partially reversible with medication.

Asthma, a chronic lung disease, inflames and narrows the airways that react and tighten strongly to certain substances that are breathed in. Cells in the airways make more mucus than normal. Symptoms may include wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath, and coughing, can be mild or can get worse and intense, and cause an asthma attack which require emergency care, and can even cause death. It is more common in childhood and tends to affect boys more than girls.

Allergies and asthma often occur together. Substances such as pollen, dust mites and pet dander are common triggers. In some people, skin or food allergies can cause asthma symptoms.

 An allergic response occurs when immune system chemicals (antibodies) mistakenly identify a harmless substance such as tree pollen as a dangerous invader. The chemicals released by your immune system lead to allergy signs and symptoms, such as nasal congestion, runny nose, itchy eyes or skin reactions. For some people, this same reaction also affects the lungs and airways, leading to asthma symptoms. Some treatment can reduce both asthma and allergy symptoms, but most are designed to treat either one or the other. However, recognizing and avoiding the allergic substances that trigger symptoms is the most important step to take.

Allergy medications include oral and nasal spray antihistamines and decongestants as well as corticosteroid and cromolyn nasal sprays.  
atopic dermatitis medications
Asthma is a chronic (long-term), non-curable lung disease that inflames and narrows the airways. This makes the airways swollen and very sensitive. The airways tend to react strongly to certain substances that are breathed in. When the airways react, the muscles around them tighten the airways narrow and less air flows to the lungs. The swelling also can worsen the airways condition, by making them even narrower. As of 2009, 300 million people worldwide were affected by asthma leading to approximately 250,000 deaths per year. More boys have asthma than girls, but more women have it than men. For some people, asthma is a minor nuisance and for others it can be a major problem that interferes with daily activities and may lead to a life-threatening asthma attack. What Causes Asthma? The exact cause of asthma is unknown. Researchers think some genetic and environmental factors interact to cause asthma, most often early in life. These factors include: An inherited tendency to develop allergies, called atopy (AT-o-pe), Parents who have asthma, Certain respiratory infections during childhood, Contact with some airborne allergens or exposure to some viral infections in infancy or in early childhood when the immune system is developing If asthma or atopy runs in your family, exposure to irritants (for example, tobacco smoke), Having a mother who smoked while pregnant, Being overweight, Exposure to pollution, Exposure to occupational triggers (such as chemicals used in farming), hairdressing and manufacturing, Low birth weight, animal dander, dust mites and mold Certain foods, Insect stings, Medications, Latex or other substances you touch, which can cause allergic skin reactions. However, more research is needed to determine what role they may play in developing asthma. 
atopic dermatitis medications
 Allergic asthma is the most common form of asthma, affecting over 50% of the 20 million asthma sufferers.Over 2.5 million children under age 18 suffer from allergic asthma. Many of the symptoms of allergic and non-allergic asthma are the same (coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath or rapid breathing, and chest tightness). However, allergic asthma is triggered by inhaled allergens such as dust mite allergen, pet dander, pollen, mold, etc. resulting in asthma symptoms. An allergic response occurs when immune system chemicals (antibodies) mistakenly identify a harmless substance as a dangerous invader. In an attempt to protect your body from the substance, antibodies attack the allergen. The chemicals released by your immune system lead to allergy signs and symptoms, such as nasal congestion, runny nose, itchy eyes or skin reactions. For some people, this same reaction also affects the lungs and airways, leading to asthma symptoms. Common allergy triggers include:  Airborne allergens, animal dander, dust mites and mold. Certain foods, Insect stings and certain Medications. While allergies can't be cured, a number of treatments can help relieve your allergy symptoms. A few treatments can help with both conditions. For example:  Leukotriene modifier- a daily pill that helps control your immune system chemicals released during an allergic reaction, Allergy shots (immunotherapy) that can help treat asthma by gradually reducing your immune system response to certain allergy triggers. Your immune system builds up a tolerance to the allergens over time, and your allergic reactions diminish. In turn, asthma symptoms decrease as well.
atopic dermatitis medications
 Molds are microscopic fungi that live on plant and animal matter. They among the most hazardous household substances for people with allergies and asthma. Fungi differ from plants or animals in how they reproduce and grow. Their "seeds", called spores, are spread by the wind outdoors and by air indoors.  Some spores are released in dry, windy weather. Others are released with the fog or dew when humidity is high. Inhaling the spores can trigger asthma attacks and allergic reactions (such as hay fever or eczema), and it can even cause health problems in people without those conditions. Allergic symptoms from fungus spores are most common from July to late summer, But with fungi growing in so many places, allergic reactions can occur year round. The symptoms are very similar to the symptoms of other allergies, such as sneezing, itching, nasal discharge, congestion and dry, scaling skin.  It is common for people to get mold allergy if they or other family members are allergic to substances such as pollen or animal dander. Some people with mold allergies may have allergy symptoms the entire summer because of outdoor molds or year-round if symptoms are due to indoor molds. Molds can reach the lungs, to cause asthma or another serious illness called allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. Sometimes the reaction is immediate, and sometimes the reaction is delayed. Symptoms often worsen in a damp or moldy room such as a basement; this may suggest mold allergy.
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 Having asthma doesn\'t mean you have to be less active. Treatment can prevent asthma attacks and control symptoms during activity. If you already know you have EIA, or chronic asthma here is some advice to help prevent symptoms: Take two puffs of your blue reliever inhaler before warming up Do some warm-up exercise e.g. gentle exercises and stretching for 5-10 minutes. This will help to increase your heart and breathing rates gradually lessening the effects of the cold air Now you are ready to start  If you experience symptoms during playing sport/exercising: STOP and take some slow, deep breaths Take four puffs of blue inhaler (one at a time), using a spacer if accessible Return to activity if you are free of symptoms  If your symptoms continue or return after your recommence, repeat inhaler instructions and see a doctor as soon as possible. If you exercise in cold temperatures, wear a face mask to warm the air you breathe. Being active is important for people with asthma as it helps in the management of the condition. Exercise helps to strengthen the muscles used for breathing, and over time may even help to improve your EIA symptoms. Inspiratory muscle training This technique helps strengthen lung muscles with a series of breathing exercises. Breathing exercises Breathing techniques for asthma have been around for years, but many health providers remain skeptical about them. Nonetheless, in a number of studies, people who did breathing exercises reported improved symptoms.
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The symptoms with which chronic asthma presents are cough, breathlessness, chest tightness, or wheezing and are caused by the airways in the lungs narrowing. In addition to chronic asthma another condition is Exercise Induced Asthma or (EIA) when physical activities is the only trigger causing narrowing of the airways, and producing the symptoms of asthma.

 Exercise Induced Asthma Exercise induced asthma is a relatively common problem that can go undiagnosed, as some attribute their symptoms to being unfit.    During exercise it is necessary to breath through our mouths, enabling us to acquire the large amounts of air needed to sustain the increased level of energy. In susceptible airways when we breathe air that is unfiltered, dry and cold it causes bronchoconstriction (narrowing of the airways), producing the symptoms of asthma chest tightness, wheeze/cough and breathlessness. Being active is important for people with asthma as it helps in the management of the condition. Exercise helps to strengthen the muscles used for breathing, and over time may even help to improve EIA symptoms. Frequent or severe symptoms due to physical activity may suggest poorly controlled asthma and the need to either start or increase long-term control medicines that reduce inflammation. This will help prevent exercise-related symptoms. Easing into physical activity with a warmup period may be helpful. If you use your asthma medicines as your doctor directs, you should be able to take part in any physical activity or sport you choose.
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 Exercise Induced Asthma Exercise induced asthma is a relatively common problem that can go undiagnosed, as some attribute their symptoms to being unfit. During exercise it is necessary to breath through our mouths, enabling us to acquire the large amounts of air needed to sustain the increased level of energy. In susceptible airways when we breathe air that is unfiltered, dry and cold it causes bronchoconstriction (narrowing of the airways), producing the symptoms of asthma chest tightness, wheeze/cough and breathlessness. If you have any of these symptoms during or after playing sport or exercising/activities, you may be experiencing EIA: Shortness of breath a few minutes after starting to exercise/play sport Tight feeling in chest while playing a sport/ exercising/active Stopping exercise/sport/activity because you feel unwell Wheezing and/or coughing  If you think you may have any of the signs of EIA and have not been diagnosed with asthma, please contact your family doctor for advice. Being active is important for people with asthma as it helps in the management of the condition. Exercise helps to strengthen the muscles used for breathing, and over time may even help to improve your EIA symptoms. If you have chronic asthma it is important that you participate in sports/exercise to help in the management of asthma. If you already know you have EIA, or chronic asthma here is some advice to help prevent symptoms: Take two puffs of your blue reliever inhaler before warming up Do some warm-up exercise e.g. gentle exercises and stretching for 5-10 minutes.
atopic dermatitis medications
The treatment for Atopic termatits varies and depends on the severity of your case and your age. Tacrolimus and pimecrolimus ointments are powerful topical medicated creams that are used for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. They are not particularly effective in patients with severe disease and are best used on the faces of children.For mild to moderate dermatitis in older children (over 12 years old) and adults Phototherapy is sometime used. Its a treatment with light that uses ultraviolet A or B light waves or a combination of both. Photochemotherapy, a combination of ultraviolet light therapy and a drug called psoralen, can also be used in cases that are resistant to phototherapy alone. Oral antihistamines, such as Benadryl or Atarax, can be used to treat itch associated with atopic dermatitis. However, that they can cause sleepiness and may not help in all cases.For more severe falers of atopic dermatitis, Oral corticosteroids, such as prednisone, prednisolone, and medrol, may be used. They are used if the rash covers a large part of the body and face, but they are often prescribed for a short course (5 days) to calm the rash due to numerous side effects. For more mild cases, Shampoos and soaps containing coal tar can help but use should stop immediately if there is any increase in itching or redness of the rash. if you have a bacterial skin infection or an open sore or fissure caused by scratching,  You may need antibiotics.
atopic dermatitis medications
Many of the medications used to treat Atopic dermatitis have side effects that are important to know about. Oral antihistamines, such as Benadryl (diphenhydramine) or Atarax (hydroxyzine), are used to treat itch associated with atopic dermatitis can cause sleepiness and may not help in all cases of atopic dermatitis. Antihistamine creams should not be used on atopic dermatitis rashes because they contain chemicals that can actually worsen the rash. Possible side effects for Corticosteroids include:  Thinning of the skin, Skin infections Growth suppression in children (with long-term oral prednisone), Stretch marks on the skin,  Possible side effects for Nonsteroidal Topical Immunomodulators include:  Temporary mild warmth, burning, or itching  Side effects for Antihistamines include:  Drowsiness, Dry mouth, nose, or throat.    Corticosteroids can be absorbed through the skin and cause problems throughout the body. Side effects include headache, indigestion, increased appetite, restlessness, and increased risk of infection.Using topical corticosteroids on the face can result in enlarged blood vessels (telangiectasias), bruising, acne, and stretch marks (striae).     Coal tar, actually made by melting coal, that has long been a treatment for a variety of skin, can be very irritating to already inflamed skin.Long term Light therapy,Though effective, has many harmful effects, including premature skin aging and an increased risk of skin cancer. 
atopic dermatitis medications
Treatments for atopic dermatitis (eczema) aim to reduce inflammation, relieve itching and prevent future flare-ups. Over-the-counter (nonprescription) anti-itch creams and other self-care measures may help control mild atopic dermatitis. An example for nonprescription cream is low-potency corticosteroid creams, but you should always talk to your doctor before using any topical corticosteroid. Your doctor may recommend prescription corticosteroid creams or ointments to ease scaling and relieve itching. There are side effects of long-term or repeated use of these creams. You may need antibiotics if you have a bacterial skin infection or an open sore or fissure caused by scratching. Your doctor may recommend taking antibiotics for a short time to treat an infection or for longer periods of time to reduce bacteria on your skin and to prevent recurrent infections. If itching is severe, oral antihistamines may help, such as Benadryl (diphenhydramine) or Atarax (hydroxyzine). For more severe cases, your doctor may prescribe oral corticosteroids, such as prednisone, or an intramuscular injection of corticosteroids to reduce inflammation and to control symptoms. These medications are effective, but can't be used long term because of potential serious side effects. A class of medications called immunomodulators, such as tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel), affect the immune system and may help maintain normal skin texture and reduce flares of atopic dermatitis. This prescription-only medications is approved for children older than 2 and for adults. They are not particularly effective in patients with severe disease, with possible concerns about their effect on the immune system and are best used on the faces of children. There is also the possibility to get allergy shots, but usually they aren't successful in treating atopic dermatitis.
atopic dermatitis medications
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin. It is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another. The word dermatitis means inflammation of the skin. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, and finally, crusting and scaling. In most cases, there are periods of time when the disease is worse (called exacerbations or flares) followed by periods when the skin improves or clears up entirely (called remissions). As some children with atopic dermatitis grow older, their skin disease improves or disappears altogether, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood. Atopic dermatitis is often referred to as eczema, which is a general term for the several types of inflammation of the skin. Atopic dermatitis is the most common of the many types of eczema.
atopic dermatitis medications
There are some side effects of different medications. Topical corticosteroids include the following: A burning sensation, itching, irritation, dryness, or redness may develop in the area where the medicine is applied. Using topical corticosteroids on the face can result in enlarged blood vessels (telangiectasias), bruising, acne, and stretch marks (striae). With long-term use, high-strength topical corticosteroids cause temporary thinning of the skin, making it more easily irritated. But when used carefully and mostly in low-strength doses, topical corticosteroids can be used for up to 10 years without severe side effects. Corticosteroids can be absorbed through the skin and cause problems throughout the body. Side effects include headache, indigestion, increased appetite, restlessness, increased risk of infection, thinning of the skin, skin infections, growth suppression in children (with long-term oral prednisone), stretch marks on the skin, thinning of the bones, and suppression of the immune system. If your skin rash gets worse or if you have blurred vision, increased urination, excessive thirst, or mood changes, see your doctor. Side effects are associated with long-term use of corticosteroids. You and your doctor must watch for side effects and weigh them against the potential benefit of corticosteroid treatment. Though they may clear atopic dermatitis well, the side effects are too risky to warrant using them as a first-line treatment. Possible side effects for nonsteroidal topical immunomodulators include: temporary mild warmth, burning or itching. Side effects for antihistamines include: drowsiness (do not drive a car or operate heavy machinery until you know how these drugs affect you), dry mouth, nose or throat.  Antihistamine creams should not be used on atopic dermatitis rashes because they contain chemicals that can actually worsen the rash.
atopic dermatitis medications
 Atopic dermatitis is the most common of the many types of eczema. Its a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin. Its a distinct condition in persons who are genetically predisposed to developing immunoglobulin (Ig) E-mediated hypersensitivity reactions. Atopic dernatitis is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another. The word dermatitis means inflammation of the skin. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, and finally, crusting and scaling. In most cases, there are periods of time when the disease is worse (called exacerbations or flares) followed by periods when the skin improves or clears up entirely (called remissions).  Although atopic dermatitis can occur in any age, most often it affects infants and young children. In some the skin disease improves or disappears altogether with age, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood.  The cause of atopic dermatitis is not known, but the disease seems to result from a combination of genetic (hereditary) and environmental factors. There seems to be a basic hypersensitivity and an increased tendency toward itching. While emotional factors and stress may in some cases exacerbate or initiate the condition, they do not seem to be a primary or underlying cause for the disorder. 
atopic dermatitis medications
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin and a large percentage of the world's population. It is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another, unless they have active skin infections. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. Atopic dermatitis is often referred to as eczema, which is a general term for the several types of inflammation of the skin. Atopic dermatitis is the most common of the many types of eczema. In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. The cause of atopic dermatitis is not known, but the disease seems to result from a combination of genetic (hereditary) and environmental factors. A wide range of environmental factors, such as contact allergens, stress, food, skin flora and humidity, play roles in the development and severity of atopic dermatitis. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, and finally, crusting and scaling. In most cases, there are periods of time when the disease is worse (called exacerbations or flares) followed by periods when the skin improves or clears up entirely (called remissions). Although atopic dermatitis can occur in any age, most often it affects infants and young children. As some children with atopic dermatitis grow older, their skin disease improves or disappears altogether, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood. Self-care measures, such as avoiding soaps or other irritants and applying creams or ointments, can help relieve itching. Tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel) ointments are powerful and expensive topical medicated creams (drugs that are applied to the skin) that are used for the treatment of atopic dermatitis.
atopic dermatitis medications
Corticosteroid creams or ointments. Your doctor may recommend prescription corticosteroid creams or ointments to ease scaling and relieve itching. Some low-potency corticosteroid creams are available without a prescription, but you should always talk to your doctor before using any topical corticosteroid. Side effects of long-term or repeated use can include skin irritation or discoloration, thinning of the skin, infections, and stretch marks on the skin. Antibiotics. You may need antibiotics if you have a bacterial skin infection or an open sore or fissure caused by scratching. Your doctor may recommend taking antibiotics for a short time to treat an infection or for longer periods of time to reduce bacteria on your skin and to prevent recurrent infections. Antibiotics. You may need antibiotics if you have a bacterial skin infection or an open sore or fissure caused by scratching. Your doctor may recommend taking antibiotics for a short time to treat an infection or for longer periods of time to reduce bacteria on your skin and to prevent recurrent infections. Oral antihistamines. If itching is severe, oral antihistamines may help. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl, others) can make you sleepy and may be helpful at bedtime. If your skin cracks open, your doctor may prescribe mildly astringent wet dressings to prevent infection. in severe cases your doctor may prescribe oral or injection Corticosteroid such as prednisone, or an intramuscular injection of corticosteroids to reduce inflammation and to control symptoms. those treatments have severe side effects. A class of medications called immunomodulators, such as tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel), affect the immune system and may help maintain normal skin texture.
atopic dermatitis medications
Oral antihistamines, such as Benadryl (diphenhydramine) or Atarax (hydroxyzine), can be used to treat itch associated with atopic dermatitis. It\'s important to note, however, that they can cause sleepiness and may not help in all cases of atopic dermatitis. Antihistamine creams should not be used on atopic dermatitis rashes because they contain chemicals that can actually worsen the rash. Oral corticosteroids, such as prednisone, prednisolone, and medrol, may be used for more severe flares of atopic dermatitis. They are used if the rash covers a large part of the body and face. Oral steroids used long term have numerous side effects, including weight gain, thinning of the bones, and suppression of the immune system. Though they may clear atopic dermatitis well, the side effects are too risky to warrant using them as a first-line treatment. To avoid these side effects, but still benefit from the medication, oral steroids are often prescribed for a short course (5 days) to calm the rash. Topical steroids can then be used on the remaining rash. Coal tar, actually made by melting coal, has long been a treatment for a variety of skin conditions. Shampoos and soaps containing coal tar can help with mild cases of atopic dermatitis. Coal tar tends to work better on thickened skin that is not scaly, or to ease very early symptoms of itching. However, coal tar can be very irritating to already inflamed skin. It is OK to try coal tar for mild cases of atopic dermatitis, but use should stop immediately if there is any increase in itching or redness of the rash. 
atopic dermatitis medications
Breathing exercises Breathing techniques for asthma have been around for years, but many health providers remain skeptical about them. They don\'t seem to improve the underlying allergic reaction that causes asthma symptoms. Nonetheless, in a number of studies, people who did breathing exercises reported improved symptoms. Breathing methods vary, but generally involve learning to:  Take breaths less often Take slower breaths Breathe through your nose rather than your mouth Use your abdominal muscles to take deep \"belly breaths\" (diaphragmatic breathing) A few breathing techniques used for asthma include the Buteyko breathing technique and yoga breathing (pranayama). Inspiratory muscle training This technique helps strengthen lung muscles with a series of breathing exercises. It\'s sometimes used for other lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and after certain types of surgery. These exercises definitely strengthen the muscles of your lungs, but there\'s not enough proof to say whether they help with asthma. Massage and chiropractic treatment Although some claim that these treatments help, there\'s no evidence that physical manipulation of the spine or muscles reduces asthma symptoms. Relaxation therapy Relaxation therapy techniques include meditation, biofeedback, hypnosis and progressive muscle relaxation. It\'s unclear whether any of these techniques directly help with asthma, but they do seem to reduce stress and promote a sense of well-being.
atopic dermatitis medications
If you exercise in cold temperatures, wear a face mask to warm the air you breathe. To help prevent symptoms: Take two puffs of your blue reliever inhaler before warming up Do some warm-up exercise e.g. gentle exercises and stretching for 5-10 minutes. This will help to increase your heart and breathing rates gradually lessening the effects of the cold air Now you are ready to start  If you experience symptoms during playing sport/exercising: STOP and take some slow, deep breaths Take four puffs of blue inhaler (one at a time), using a spacer if accessible Return to activity if you are free of symptoms  If your symptoms continue or return after your recommence, repeat inhaler instructions and see a doctor as soon as possible.  At times, programs for students who have asthma may need to be temporarily modified, such as by varying the type, intensity, duration, and/or frequency of activity. At all times, students who have asthma should be included in activities as much as possible. The good news is that today\'s treatments can successfully control asthma so that most students can participate fully in regular school and childcare activities, including play, sports, and other physical activities.
atopic dermatitis medications
Exercise induced asthma is a relatively common problem that can go undiagnosed, as some attribute their symptoms to being unfit. It is considered as a non-allergic asthma, where the immune system is not involved in the reaction. Like allergic asthma, it is characterized by airway obstruction and inflammation that is at least partially reversible with medication.

In addition to chronic asthma another condition is Exercise Induced Asthma or (EIA) when physical activities is the only trigger causing narrowing of the airways, and producing the symptoms of asthma such as  cough, breathlessness, chest tightness, or wheezing.

During exercise it is necessary to breath through the mouth and the nose, enabling to acquire the large amounts of air needed to sustain the increased level of energy.

If susceptible airways is unfiltered, dry and cold it causes bronchoconstriction (narrowing of the airways), producing the symptoms of asthma chest tightness, wheeze/cough and breathlessness.

Sympthoms include shortness of breath a few minutes after starting to a strenuous physical activity or a tight feeling in chest which forces one to stop, wheezing and/or coughing.

Exercise provokes symptoms in most children with poorly controlled asthma, the student who has asthma symptoms with physical activity may need to be evaluated by his or her health care provider.

Even for a student who has exercise-induced asthma, the frequent use of quick-relief medication during or after exercise may signal the need to return to his or her health care provider to add a daily long-term control medication or to increase the dosage.
atopic dermatitis medications
Exercise Induced Asthma Exercise induced asthma is a relatively common problem that can go undiagnosed, as some attribute their symptoms to being unfit. To help you understand the condition and know how to manage it here are a few pointers. The symptoms with which chronic asthma presents are cough, breathlessness, chest tightness, or wheezing and are caused by the airways in the lungs narrowing. Many triggers cause chronic asthma e.g. colds, dust mites and exercise. In addition to chronic asthma another condition is Exercise Induced Asthma or (EIA) when physical activities is the only trigger causing narrowing of the airways, and producing the symptoms of asthma. What happens? When breathing normally air enters our lungs through the nose, where it is warmed, moistened, and filtered. During exercise it is necessary to breath through our mouths, enabling us to acquire the large amounts of air needed to sustain the increased level of energy. In susceptible airways when we breathe air that is unfiltered, dry and cold it causes bronchoconstriction (narrowing of the airways), producing the symptoms of asthma chest tightness, wheeze/cough and breathlessness. How will I know if I have EIA...? If you have any of these symptoms during or after playing sport or exercising/activities, you may be experiencing EIA: Shortness of breath a few minutes after starting to exercise/play sport Tight feeling in chest while playing a sport/ exercising/active Stopping exercise/sport/activity because you feel unwell Wheezing and/or coughing  If you think you may have any of the signs of EIA and have not been diagnosed with asthma, please contact your family doctor for advice.
atopic dermatitis medications
In addition to chronic asthma another condition is Exercise Induced Asthma or (EIA) when physical activities is the only trigger causing narrowing of the airways, and producing the symptoms of asthma. This condition is Non-Allergic (intrinsic) asthma that triggered by factors not related to allergies, in this case: exercise. Exercise induced asthma is a relatively common problem that can go undiagnosed, as some attribute their symptoms to being unfit. Exercise-induced asthma, may be worse when the air is cold so there is a need to use a quick-relief inhaler more often for some people. If you have any of these symptoms during or after playing sport or exercising/activities, you may be experiencing EIA: shortness of breath a few minutes after starting to exercise/play sport, tight feeling in chest while playing a sport/exercising/active, stopping exercise/sport/activity because you feel unwell Wheezing and/or coughing. If you think you may have any of the signs of EIA and have not been diagnosed with asthma, please contact your family doctor for advice. Being active is important for people with asthma as it helps in the management of the condition. Exercise helps to strengthen the muscles used for breathing, and over time may even help to improve your EIA symptoms.  Physical activity is an important part of a healthy lifestyle. Talk with your doctor about medicines that can help you stay active.
atopic dermatitis medications
Being active is important for people with asthma as it helps in the management of the condition.
Exercise helps to strengthen the muscles used for breathing, and over time may even help to improve your EIA symptoms.
It is important to participate in sports/exercise when there is chronic asthma, in order to help in the management of asthma.
Some advice to help prevent symptoms while exercising: two puffs of the blue reliever inhaler before warming up, some warm-up exercise e.g. gentle exercises and stretching for 5-10 minutes. This will help to increase the heart and breathing rates gradually lessening the effects of the cold air and only after that to start. If one experiences symptoms during playing sport/exercising, one should stop and take some slow, deep breaths, take four puffs of blue inhaler (one at a time), using a spacer if accessible, then return to activity if you are free of symptoms If your symptoms continue or return after your recommence, repeat inhaler instructions and see a doctor as soon as possible.

Inspiratory muscle training helps strengthen lung muscles with a series of breathing exercises.
It is s sometimes used for other lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and after certain types of surgery. Though, there's not enough proof to say whether they help with asthma.

	
atopic dermatitis medications
 Prevention and long-term control are key in stopping asthma attacks before they start. Treatment usually involves learning to recognize your triggers and taking steps to avoid them, and tracking your breathing to make sure your daily asthma medications are keeping symptoms under control. In case of an asthma flare-up, you may need to use a quick-relief inhaler, such as albuterol.  The right medications for you depend on a number of things, including your age, symptoms, your asthma triggers and what seems to work best to keep your asthma under control. Preventive, long-term control medications reduce the inflammation in your airways that leads to symptoms.They are taken daily and are the cornerstone of asthma treatment. Quick-relief inhalers (bronchodilators) quickly open swollen airways that are limiting breathing. In some cases, allergy medications are necessary. Long term medications keep asthma under control on a day-to-day basis and make it less likely to have an asthma attack. Types of long-term control medications include:  Inhaled corticosteroids. You may need to use these medications for several days to weeks before they reach their maximum benefit. Quick-relief medications are used as needed for rapid, short-term symptom relief during an asthma attack  or before exercise if your doctor recommends it. Types of quick-relief medications include:  Short-acting beta agonists. These inhaled, quick-relief bronchodilators act within minutes to rapidly ease symptoms during an asthma attack. But if your long-term control medications are working properly, you shouldn't need to use your quick-relief inhaler very often.
atopic dermatitis medications
 Corticosteroids are medicines that help prevent asthma symptoms occurring by reducing the inflammation in the airways. Cortisone, is part of a family of substances known as steroids which are produced by the body to help it function normally. Corticosteroids were developed from cortisone and are agents that decrease inflammation. The medication is used in several forms, to treat many different conditions. It reduces itching, swelling, redness, and allergic reactions, used in treating skin problems, severe allergies, asthma and arthritis. Inhaled corticosteroids are a maintenance medicine that helps to prevent severe asthma symptoms. They are prescribed for patients of all ages to treat different levels of persistent asthma. They work by dampening down the inflammation in the airways, and are the most effective agents for treating asthma. As a result, asthma symptoms and sudden acute attacks occur less often. To be effective, they need to be taken once or twice every day as prescribed by your doctor. They are of no benefit when used for symptoms, unlike bronchodilators, or when taken on an odd occasion. Common Corticosteroids: Beclozone (Beclomethasone), Flixotide (Fluticasone), Pulmicort (Budesonide). Some preventers may take 3 to 4 weeks to become effective others only take a few days, so it may take some time before you notice a difference in your your asthma. Some people on inhaled corticosteroids may have local side effects such as sore throat, husky voice, thrush (an infection) in the mouth. These side effects can be avoided by using a spacer.
atopic dermatitis medications
 A variety of asthma inhalers are available to help control asthma symptoms in adults and children. QUICK-RELIEF MEDICATIONS (also known as short-acting bronchodilators) are taken when needed for rapid, short-term relief of asthma symptoms. LONG-TERM CONTROL MEDICATIONS are usually taken daily to control underlying airway inflammation and thereby prevent asthma symptoms.Types of asthma inhalers include:  Metered dose inhalers. Dry powder inhaler. Metered dose inhaler with a spacer.  Take the medication exactly as prescribed. Don't stop taking the medication or adjust the dosage on your own. Types of quick-relief medications include:  Short-acting beta agonists. They include albuterol (ProAir HFA, Ventolin HFA, others), levalbuterol (Xopenex HFA) and pirbuterol (Maxair). Ipratropium (Atrovent). Ipratropium (Atrovent). Like other bronchodilators, ipratropium acts quickly to immediately relax your airways, making it easier to breathe. Oral and intravenous corticosteroids. Allergy medications may help if your asthma is triggered or worsened by allergies. Inhaled corticosteroids These anti-inflammatory drugs are the most effective and commonly used long-term control medications for asthma.
atopic dermatitis medications
Asthma is a chronic (longterm) lung disease that inflames and narrows the airways. it is can not be cured but its sympthoms can be controlled.  It is treated with two types of medicines:   long term control and quick relief medicines. Long term control medicines help reduce airway inflammation and prevent asthma symptoms. such medicine are doctor prescribes and should be taken daily. Quick relief, or rescue, medicines relieve asthma symptoms when they flare up. an inhaler is a common quick relief medicine. it is important to practice using your inhaler at the doctors office in order to learn the correct usage. Your initial asthma treatment will depend on how severe your disease is. The goal of asthma treatment is to control the disease and prevent asthma attacks. Good asthma control will: 	 Prevent chronic and troublesome symptoms, such as coughing and shortness of breath  	 Reduce your need for quick relief medicines  	 Help you maintain good lung function  	 Let you maintain your normal activity levels and sleep through the night 	 Prevent asthma attacks that could result in  your going to the emergency room or being admitted to the hospital for treatment  To reach this goal, you should actively partner with your doctor to manage the disease and create and follow an asthma action plan. With todays knowledge and treatments, most people who have asthma are able to manage the disease. They have few, if any, symptoms and can live normal, active lives.
atopic dermatitis medications
 Corticosteroids are medicines that help prevent asthma symptoms occurring by reducing the inflammation in the airways. Cortisone, is part of a family of substances known as steroids which are produced by the body to help it function normally. It reduces itching, swelling, redness, and allergic reactions, used in treating skin problems, severe allergies, asthma and arthritis. Inhaled corticosteroids are prescribed for patients of all ages to treat different levels of persistent asthma. To be effective, they need to be taken once or twice every day as prescribed by your doctor. Inhaled steroids are not addictive. The dose is carefully worked out according to you/your childs weight. Its best to give each dose of steroid with food in the morning, usually at breakfast time. Steroids given by mouth During severe acute asthma episodes you/your child may need a higher dose of corticosteroids to be taken by mouth. A larger dose of steroid taken this way allows the medicine to work faster. These anti-inflammatory drugs are the most effective and commonly used long-term control medications for asthma. Corticosteroids don't generally cause serious side effects. After you use it, rinse your mouth with water, gargle, and spit out. Corticosteroid creams or ointments. Your doctor may recommend prescription corticosteroid creams or ointments to ease scaling and relieve itching. Some people on inhaled corticosteroids may have local side effects such as: sore throat, husky voice, thrush (an infection) in the mouth. Inhaled steroids are not addictive.
atopic dermatitis medications
 Asthma is a longterm lung disease that cant be cured.It causes inflammation and narrowing of the airways, making them swollen and  very sensitive. That can result in asthma symptoms. Symptoms may include wheezing , chest tightness, shortness of breath, and coughing. When symptoms get more intense and/or additional symptoms occur, this is an asthma attack. Its important to treat symptoms when you first notice them. This will help prevent the symptoms from worsening and causing a severe asthma attack that may require emergency care, and can cause death.  Asthma is treated with two types of medicines:   longterm control and quickrelief medicines. Longterm control medicines help reduce airway inflammation and prevent asthma symptoms. Quickrelief, or rescue, medicines relieve asthma symptoms when they flare up. Your initial asthma treatment will depend on how severe your disease is. Followup asthma treatment will depend on how well your asthma action plan is working to control your symptoms and prevent asthma attacks. The goal of asthma treatment is to control the disease and prevent asthma attacks. Good asthma control will Prevent chronic and troublesome symptoms, such as shortness of breath, Reduce your need for quickrelief medicines, Let you maintain your normal activity levels and sleep through the night and will Prevent severe asthma attacks. To reach this goal, you should actively partner with your doctor to manage the disease and create and follow an asthma action plan. With todays knowledge and treatments, most people who have asthma are able to manage the disease.
atopic dermatitis medications
 The goal of asthma treatment is to control the disease and prevent asthma attacks. It is treated with two types of medicines: longterm control and quickrelief medicines. Longterm control medicines help reduce airway inflammation and prevent asthma symptoms. Quickrelief, or rescue, medicines relieve asthma symptoms when they flare up. An asthma action plan gives guidance on taking your medicines properly, avoiding factors that worsen your asthma, tracking your level of asthma control, responding to worsening asthma, and seeking emergency care when  needed. Good asthma control will: Prevent chronic and troublesome symptoms, such as coughing and shortness of breath Reduce your need for quickrelief medicines Help you maintain good lung function Let you maintain your normal activity levels and sleep through the night Prevent asthma attacks that could result in  your going to the emergency room or being admitted to the hospital for treatment  To reach this goal, you should actively partner with your doctor to manage the disease and create and follow an asthma action plan. Your initial asthma treatment will depend on how severe your disease is. Asthma can\'t be cured, but its symptoms can be controlled. Because asthma often changes over time, it\'s important that you work with your doctor to track your signs and symptoms and adjust treatment as needed.
atopic dermatitis medications
Most asthma medications are inhaled as sprays or powders and may be taken using metered-dose inhalers, dry powder inhalers, or nebulizers. A metered-dose inhaler is a pressurized canister that delivers a dose of medication and does not require deep and fast breathing (see Appendix 3 for instructions). A dry powder inhaler is another kind of inhaler that does require deep and fast breathing to get the medication into the lungs (see Appendix 4 for instructions). A nebulizer is a machine that turns liquid medication into a fine mist. Whichever delivery method is used, it is important for patient to take their medications correctly. LONG-TERM CONTROL MEDICATIONS are usually taken daily to control underlying airway inflammation and thereby prevent asthma symptoms. They can significantly reduce a patient need for quick-relief medication. Inhaled corticosteroids are the most effective long-term control medications for asthma. It is important to remember that inhaled corticosteroids are generally safe for long-term use when taken as prescribed. They are not addictive and are not the same as illegal anabolic steroids used by some athletes to build muscles. QUICK-RELIEF MEDICATIONS are taken when needed for rapid, short-term relief of asthma symptoms. They help stop asthma attacks by temporarily relaxing the muscles around the airways. However, they do nothing to treat the underlying airway inflammation that caused the symptoms to flare up. An additional use for quick-relief medications is the prevention of asthma symptoms in patients who have exercise-induced asthma. These patients may be directed  to take their quick-relief medication inhaler 5 minutes before physical activities.
atopic dermatitis medications
Corticosteroids were developed from cortisone and are agents that decrease inflammation. The medication is used in several forms, to treat many different conditions. It reduces itching, swelling, redness, and allergic reactions, used in treating skin problems, severe allergies, asthma and arthritis. Although corticosteroids are part of the steroid family they are not the same as the anabolic steroids some athletes and body-builders use to enhance their muscles and gain strength. Anabolic steroids can have serious side effects. Inhaled corticosteroids are prescribed for patients of all ages to treat different levels of persistent asthma. They work by dampening down the inflammation in the airways, and are the most effective agents for treating asthma. As a result, asthma symptoms and sudden acute attacks occur less often. To be effective, they need to be taken once or twice every day as prescribed by your doctor. They are of no benefit when used for symptoms, unlike bronchodilators or when taken on an odd occasion. Inhaled corticosteroids are a maintenance medicine that helps to prevent severe asthma symptoms. Common Corticosteroids:      Beclozone (Beclomethasone)\     Flixotide (Fluticasone)     Pulmicort (Budesonide)   Some preventers may take 3 to 4 weeks to become effective others only take a few days, so it may take some time before you notice a difference in your childs or your asthma. You may also notice that the blue inhaler is not needed as often.
atopic dermatitis medications
Treating atopic dermatitis in infants and children Give brief, lukewarm baths. Apply an emollient immediately following the bath. Keep a child\'s fingernails filed short. Select soft cotton fabrics when choosing clothing. Consider using antihistamines to reduce scratching at night. Keep the child cool; avoid situations where overheating occurs. Learn to recognize skin infections and seek treatment promptly. Attempt to distract the child with activities to keep him or her from scratching. 
Tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel) ointments are powerful and expensive topical medicated creams (drugs that are applied to the skin) that are used for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. They are not particularly effective in patients with severe disease and are best used on the faces of children. Phototherapy is treatment with light that uses ultraviolet A or B light waves or a combination of both. This treatment can be an effective treatment for mild to moderate dermatitis in older children (over 12 years old) and adults. Photochemotherapy, a combination of ultraviolet light therapy and a drug called psoralen, can also be used in cases that are resistant to phototherapy alone. Possible long-term side effects of this treatment include premature skin aging and skin cancer. If the doctor thinks that phototherapy may be useful in treating the symptoms of atopic dermatitis, he or she will use the minimum exposure necessary and monitor the skin carefully.
atopic dermatitis medications
 Although atopic dermatitis can occur in any age, most often it affects infants and young children. Most children with atopic dermatitis enter into a permanent remission of the disease when they get older, although their skin may remain somewhat dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood. Treating atopic dermatitis in infants and children includes      Giving brief, lukewarm baths and Applying an emollient immediately following the bath, Keeping the child's fingernails filed short, Selecting soft cotton fabrics when choosing clothing. using antihistamines to reduce scratching at night should be considered. The parent should keep the child cool and avoid situations where overheating occurs. He should learn to recognize skin infections and seek treatment promptly. When a child has atopic dermatitis, the entire family situation may be affected. It is important that families have additional support to help them cope with the stress and frustration associated with the disease. The child may be fussy and difficult and often is unable to keep from scratching and rubbing the skin. Distracting the child and providing as many activities that keep the hands busy are key but require effort and work on the part of the parents or caregivers. The child may face difficulty in school or other social relationships and may need additional support and encouragement from family members.
atopic dermatitis medications
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin. It is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another through skin contact. There is generally no cause for concern in being around someone with even an active case of atopic dermatitis, unless they have active skin infections. The word dermatitis means inflammation of the skin. The term atopic is from the Greek meaning strange. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, and finally, crusting and scaling. In most cases, there are periods of time when the disease is worse (called exacerbations or flares) followed by periods when the skin improves or clears up entirely (called remissions). Atopic dermatitis is often referred to as eczema, which is a general term for the several types of inflammation of the skin. Atopic dermatitis is the most common of the many types of eczema. Although atopic dermatitis can occur in any age, most often it affects infants and young children. Occasionally, it may persist into adulthood or may actually appear at that time. Some patients tend to have a protracted course with various ups and downs. The cause of atopic dermatitis is unknown, but it may result from a combination of inherited tendencies for sensitive skin and malfunction in the body's immune system.
atopic dermatitis medications
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin. It is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another. The word dermatitis means inflammation of the skin. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, and finally, crusting and scaling. In most cases, there are periods of time when the disease is worse (called exacerbations or flares) followed by periods when the skin improves or clears up entirely (called remissions). As some children with atopic dermatitis grow older, their skin disease improves or disappears altogether, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood. Atopic dermatitis is often referred to as eczema, which is a general term for the several types of inflammation of the skin. Atopic dermatitis is the most common of the many types of eczema.
atopic dermatitis medications
 Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin. It is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another. The word dermatitis means inflammation of the skin. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. Atopic dermatitis affects a large percentage of the world's population.It is a special type of allergic hypersensitivity that includes a triad of conditions that includes asthma, inhalant allergies (hay fever), and a chronic dermatitis (eczema). In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, and finally, crusting and scaling. In most cases, there are periods of time when the disease is worse (called exacerbations or flares) followed by periods when the skin improves or clears up entirely (called remissions). As some children with atopic dermatitis grow older, their skin disease improves or disappears altogether, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood. Atopic dermatitis is the most common of the many types of eczema. There is a known hereditary component of the disease, and it is more common in affected families. Criteria that enable to diagnose it include the typical appearance and distribution of the rash in a patient with a personal or family history of asthma and/or hay fever.
atopic dermatitis medications
Atopic dermatitis most often begins in childhood before age 5 and may persist into adulthood. Most children with atopic dermatitis enter into a permanent remission of the disease when they get older, although their skin may remain somewhat dry and easily irritated.  For some, it flares periodically and then subsides for a time, even up to several years. Itching may be severe, and scratching the rash can make it even itchier and cause more inflammation. Once the skin barrier is broken, the skin can become infected by bacteria, especially Staphylococcus aureus, which commonly live on the skin. Breaking this itch-scratch cycle can be challenging. When atopic dermatitis occurs in infants, it's called infantile eczema. This condition may continue into childhood and adolescence. Infantile eczema often involves an oozing, crusting rash, mainly on the skin of the face and scalp, but it can occur anywhere. After infancy, the rash becomes dryer and tends to be red to brown-gray in color. In adolescence, the skin may be scaly or thickened and easily irritated. The intense itching may continue. As some children with atopic dermatitis grow older, their skin disease improves or disappears altogether, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood. A class of medications called immunomodulators, such as tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel), affect the immune system and may help maintain normal skin texture and reduce flares of atopic dermatitis. This prescription-only medication is approved for children older than 2 and for adults.
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 Over-the-counter (nonprescription) anti-itch creams and other self-care measures may help control mild atopic dermatitis. Your doctor may recommend prescription corticosteroid creams or ointments to ease scaling and relieve itching. Some low-potency corticosteroid creams are available without a prescription, but you should always talk to your doctor before using any topical corticosteroid. If itching is severe, oral antihistamines may help. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl, others) can make you sleepy and may be helpful at bedtime. For more severe cases, your doctor may prescribe oral corticosteroids, such as prednisone, or an intramuscular injection of corticosteroids to reduce inflammation and to control symptoms. These medications are effective, but can\'t be used long term because of potential serious side effects. A class of medications called immunomodulators, such as tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel), affect the immune system and may help maintain normal skin texture and reduce flares of atopic dermatitis. This prescription-only medication is approved for children older than 2 and for adults. Due to possible concerns about the effect of these medications on the immune system when used for prolonged periods, the Food and Drug Administration recommends that Elidel and Protopic be used only when other treatments have failed or if someone can\'t tolerate other treatments. Many alternative therapies  including chamomile, evening-primrose oil, witch hazel extract and borage seed oil  have been touted as possible ways to treat atopic dermatitis (eczema). However, there\'s no conclusive evidence that any of these alternative therapies are effective.
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  Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin. It is a common condition affecting approximately 17% of the population.  It is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. As some children with atopic dermatitis grow older, their skin disease improves or disappears altogether, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated.

 Treatments for atopic dermatitis (eczema) aim to reduce inflammation, relieve itching and prevent future flare-ups. Nonprescription anti-itch creams and other self-care measures may help control mild atopic dermatitis.  Self-care measures, such as avoiding soaps or other irritants and applying creams or ointments, can help relieve itching. Corticosteroid creams or ointments can ease scaling and relieve itching. Some low-potency corticosteroid creams are available without a prescription, but you should always talk to your doctor before using any topical corticosteroid. Antibiotics help a bacterial skin infection or an open sore or fissure caused by scratching. Taking antibiotics for a short time to treat an infection or for longer periods of time to reduce bacteria on your skin and to prevent recurrent infections. If itching is severe, oral antihistamines may help. 

Although atopic dermatitis is related to allergies, eliminating allergens is rarely helpful in clearing the condition. Allergy shots usually aren\'t successful in treating atopic dermatitis.
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 The exact cause of atopic dermatitis (eczema) is unknown, but it\'s likely due to a combination of dry, irritable skin with a malfunction in the body\'s immune system. Stress and other emotional disorders can worsen atopic dermatitis, but they don\'t cause it. Corticosteroid creams or ointments. Your doctor may recommend prescription corticosteroid creams or ointments to ease scaling and relieve itching. Some low-potency corticosteroid creams are available without a prescription, but you should always talk to your doctor before using any topical corticosteroid. Over-the-counter (nonprescription) anti-itch creams and other self-care measures may help control mild atopic dermatitis. Although atopic dermatitis is related to allergies, eliminating allergens is rarely helpful in clearing the condition. Occasionally, items that trap dust  such as feather pillows, down comforters, mattresses, carpeting and drapes  can worsen the condition. Allergy shots usually aren\'t successful in treating atopic dermatitis. Light therapy (phototherapy) As the name suggests, this treatment uses natural or artificial light. The simplest and easiest form of phototherapy involves exposing your skin to controlled amounts of natural sunlight. Other forms of light therapy include the use of artificial ultraviolet A (UVA) or ultraviolet B (UVB) light including the more recently available narrow band ultraviolet B (NBUVB) either alone or with medications. Though effective, long-term light therapy has many harmful effects, including premature skin aging and an increased risk of skin cancer.
asthma medication
 The right medications for Asthma depend on a number of things, including age,  symptoms, asthma triggers and what seems to work best to keep the asthma under control. Preventive, long-term control medications reduce the inflammation in the airways that leads to symptoms. Quick-relief inhalers (bronchodilators) quickly open swollen airways that are limiting breathing. Types of long-term control medications include: Inhaled corticosteroids.  These medications include fluticasone, budesonide, mometasone, ciclesonide, flunisolide, beclomethasone and others.

Leukotriene modifiers are oral medications (including montelukast , zafirlukast and zileutonhelp relieve asthma symptoms for up to 24 hour. These medication may have more severe side effects.

Long-acting beta agonists are inhaled medications, which include salmeterol and formoterol, open the airways and reduce inflammation.

Some research shows that thesse may increase the risk of a severe asthma attack, so take them only in combination with an inhaled corticosteroid.

Combination inhalers are medications such as fluticasone-salmeterol, budesonide-formoterol and mometasone-formoterol which contain a long-acting beta agonist along with a corticosteroid.

Because these combination inhalers contain long-acting beta agonists, they may increase the risk of having a severe asthma attack.

 A variety of asthma inhalers are available to help control asthma symptoms in adults and children.

Theophylline is a daily pill that helps keep the airways open (bronchodilator) by relaxing the muscles around the airways. It's not used as often now as in past years.



 Most asthma medications can be safely used during pregnancy. 

Not all medications are  approved for use in children by the FDA, but the doctor may prescribe them based on judgment of what\'s likely to work best for the child.
asthma medication
 Asthma is a chronic disease that affects the airways. This can cause wheezing, coughing, chest tightness and trouble breathing, especially early in the morning or at night. Asthma is treated with two kinds of medicines: quick-relief medicines to stop asthma symptoms and long-term control medicines to prevent symptoms. 

 Quick-relief medications are used as needed for rapid, short-term symptom relief during an asthma attack such as Short-acting beta agonists. When inhaled, quick-relief bronchodilators act within minutes to rapidly ease symptoms during an asthma attack. 

Many people with asthma need to take long-term control medications on a daily basis. Oral and intravenous corticosteroids such as prednisone and methylprednisolone relieve airway inflammation caused by severe asthma. They can cause serious side effects when used long term, so they're used only on a short-term basis to treat severe asthma symptoms. 

Regular use of inhaled corticosteroids helps keep asthma attacks and other problems linked to poorly controlled asthma in check.  In children, long-term use of inhaled corticosteroids may slightly delay growth, but the benefits of using these medications to maintain good asthma control generally outweigh their risks. Some inhaled asthma medication combinations contain both a corticosteroid and a bronchodilator.

 As with other LABA medications, these inhalers may increase your risk of having a severe asthma attack and should be used with caution.

Allergy medications may help if asthma is triggered or worsened by allergies. Over time, allergy shots gradually reduce the immune system reaction to specific allergens.


asthma medication
 Quick-relief (rescue) medications are used as needed for rapid, short-term symptom relief during an asthma attack  or before exercise if your doctor recommends it. Types of quick-relief medications include:  Short-acting beta agonists. These inhaled, quick-relief bronchodilators act within minutes to rapidly ease symptoms during an asthma attack. Short-acting beta agonists can be taken using a portable, hand-held inhaler or a nebulizer  a machine that converts asthma medications to a fine mist, so they can be inhaled through a face mask or a mouthpiece. Like other bronchodilators, ipratropium acts quickly to immediately relax your airways, making it easier to breathe. Ipratropium is mostly used for emphysema and chronic bronchitis, but it\'s sometimes used to treat asthma attacks. Oral and intravenous corticosteroids. These medications  which include prednisone and methylprednisolone  relieve airway inflammation caused by severe asthma. They can cause serious side effects when used long term, so they\'re used only on a short-term basis to treat severe asthma symptoms. If you have an asthma flare-up, a quick-relief inhaler can ease your symptoms right away. But if your long-term control medications are working properly, you shouldn\'t need to use your quick-relief inhaler very often. Keep a record of how many puffs you use each week. If you need to use your quick-relief inhaler more often than your doctor recommends, see your doctor.
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Asthma is a chronic  lung disease that inflames and narrows the airways. In asthma, the inside walls of airways tubes become sore and swollen and the lungs do not get enough air. Cells in the airways may make more mucus than normal. This chain reaction can result in asthma symptoms. Symptoms may include wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath, and coughing. When symptoms get more intense and additional symptoms occur, this is an asthma attack. Severe attacks may require emergency care, and they can cause death.

Allergy-induced asthma is triggered by exposure to an allergen in the environment  such as pollen, dust mites and pet dander. In some people, skin or food allergies can cause asthma symptoms. An allergic response occurs when immune system chemicals (antibodies) mistakenly identify a harmless substance such as tree pollen as a dangerous invader. In an attempt to protect the body from the substance, antibodies attack the allergen. Some treatment can reduce both asthma and allergy symptoms, but most are designed to treat either one or the other. Allergy shots can help treat asthma by gradually reducing the  immune system response to certain allergy triggers. 

A hygiene hypothesis assumes that the Western lifestyle which emphasises hygiene and sanitation has resulted in changes in living conditions and an overall decline in infections in early childhood. This affects the way that young children's immune systems develop, and it may increase their risk for atopy and asthma. 

Asthma is treated with two kinds of medicines: quick-relief to stop asthma symptoms and long-term control to prevent symptoms. 
asthma medication
Asthma is a chronic lung disease that inflames and narrows the airways. Asthma causes recurring periods of wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath, and coughing.

Allergies occur when the immune system reacts to a foreign substance such as pollen, bee venom or pet dander. Inflaming the: skin, sinuses, airways or digestive system.

Allergies and asthma often occur together. Indoor allergens and irritants play a significant role in triggering asthma attacks. Allergic asthma is characterized by symptoms that are triggered by an allergic reaction. Exposure to dust mites can cause asthma in children who have not previously exhibited asthma symptoms. Allergic asthma is airway obstruction and inflammation that is partially reversible with medication. It is the most common form of asthma, affecting over 50% of the 20 million asthma sufferers.Over 2.5 million children under age 18 suffer from it.

Atopic dermatitis is a common, often long-lasting skin disease that affects a large percentage of the world's population.  It is a special type of allergic hypersensitivity that includes a triad of conditions that includes asthma, inhalant allergies, and a chronic dermatitis.

Some treatment can reduce both asthma and allergy symptoms, but most are designed to treat either one or the other. Montelukast (Singulair) is a medication that eases both allergy and asthma symptoms. Allergy shots can help treat asthma by gradually reducing the immune system response to certain allergy triggers. Recognizing and avoiding the allergic substances that trigger the symptoms is the most important step. 

   
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Allergies and asthma often occur together. The same substances that trigger your hay fever symptoms may also cause asthma signs and symptoms such as shortness of breath, wheezing and chest tightness. This is called allergic asthma or allergy-induced asthma. Substances such as pollen, dust mites and pet dander are common triggers. 



In some people, skin or food allergies can cause asthma symptoms. 

Dogs, cats, rodents (including hamsters and guinea pigs) and other warm-blooded mammals can trigger asthma in individuals with an allergy to animal dander. Some people develop asthma because of contact with certain chemical irritants or industrial dusts in the workplace. This type of asthma is called occupational asthma. 



Some treatment can reduce both asthma and allergy symptoms, but most are designed to treat either one or the other. 

If your asthma symptoms are clearly related to allergens, and you can\'t avoid exposure to those allergens, your doctor may advise you to get allergy shots. Allergy shots can help treat asthma by gradually reducing your immune system response to certain allergy triggers. However, recognizing and avoiding the allergic substances that trigger your symptoms is the most important step you can take. 



Asthma is a long-term disease that has no cure. Symptoms of asthma or allergy also may improve on their own as an illness (like a cold or flu) runs its course. Hypnosis might give people with asthma or allergies more self-discipline to follow good health practices.  


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 Most, but not all, people who have asthma have allergies. Allergens Animal Dander Allergies occur when your immune system reacts to a foreign substance such as pollen, bee venom or pet dander.This is called allergic asthma or allergy-induced asthma. Allergies and asthma often occur together.  Common allergy triggers include:  Airborne allergens, such as pollen, animal dander, dust mites and mold Certain foods, particularly peanuts, tree nuts, wheat, soy, fish, shellfish, eggs and milk Insect stings, such as bee stings or wasp stings Medications, particularly penicillin or penicillin-based antibiotics Latex or other substances you touch, which can cause allergic skin reactions. Allergies and asthma often occur together. This is called allergic asthma or allergy-induced asthma. The same substances that trigger your hay fever symptoms may also cause asthma signs and symptoms such as shortness of breath, wheezing and chest tightness. In many cases, asthma is triggered by exposure to an allergen in the environment (allergy-induced asthma). If you have an allergy, you're more likely to have asthma  an immune system reaction that affects the airways and breathing.  In many cases, asthma is triggered by exposure to an allergen in the environment (allergy-induced asthma). A few treatments can help with both conditions.
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 Molds are microscopic fungi that live on plant and animal matter. Molds can be found almost anywhere when moisture is present. Mold spores float through the indoor and outdoor air continually. For people sensitive to molds, inhaling mold spores can trigger an asthma attack.  Mold is among the most hazardous household substances for people with allergies and asthma. They also can reach the lungs, to cause asthma or another serious illness called allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. If you have an allergy, you\'re more likely to have asthma  an immune system reaction that affects the airways and breathing. In many cases, asthma is triggered by exposure to an allergen in the environment (allergy-induced asthma). How To Control Things That Make Your Asthma Worse: Indoor Mold Fix leaky faucets, pipes, or other sources of water that have mold around them. Clean moldy surfaces with a cleaner that has bleach in it. Stay indoors with windows closed from late morning to afternoon, if you can. Clean damp areas in the bath, kitchen and around the house to keep mold spores from developing. Get rid of moldy leaves or damp firewood in the yard.
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  An allergy is triggered when the immune system mistakes a normally harmless substance for a dangerous invader. The immune system produces antibodies that are always on the alert for your particular allergen. When you\'re exposed to the allergen again in the future, these antibodies release a number of immune system chemicals, such as histamine, that cause allergy symptoms.Researchers think some genetic and environmental factors interact to cause asthma, most often early in life including:  hereditary (from parents), tendency (atopy), respiratory infections, exposure or contact to some airborne allergens or viral infections in early childhood,  exposure to irritants.

The same factors may affect people differently. 

Researchers explore Hygiene Hypothesis which claims that the hygienic lifestyle of the west reduce the exposure of children to infections and therefore the immune system is not practiced and tends to develop allergies. 



 Indoor allergies (perennial allergic rhinitis [PAR]/nasal allergies) occur when allergens that are commonly found indoors are inhaled into the nose and the lungs causing allergic reactions. Other common triggers include:  Airborne allergens (pollen, animal dander, dust mites and mold) Certain foods, particularly peanuts, tree nuts, wheat, soy, fish, shellfish, eggs and milk. Insect stings, such as bee stings or wasp stings, Certain proteins are found in cockroach feces and saliva and can cause allergic reactions or trigger asthma. Medications, particularly penicillin or penicillin-based antibiotics Latex or other substances you touch, which can cause allergic skin reactions. Smoke from wood-burning stoves and fireplaces contain a mixture of harmful gases and small particles.
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An allergy starts when the immune system mistakes a normally harmless substance for a dangerous invader and produces antibodies that are always on the alert for your particular allergen. When you're exposed to the allergen again in the future, these antibodies release a number of immune system chemicals, such as histamine, that cause allergy symptoms. Having an allergy increases the risk of certain medical problems, such as a runny nose, sneezing, itching, rashes, swelling, including Asthma (an immune system reaction that affects the airways and breathing). In many cases, allergies and asthma often occur together. So, If you have an allergy, you're more likely to have asthma. Asthma is triggered by exposure to an allergen in the environment (called allergy-induced asthma or allergic asthma). Allergic asthma is the most common form of asthma, affecting over 50% of the 20 million asthma sufferers. Substances such as pollen, dust mites, mold and pet dander are common triggers. In some people, skin or food allergies can cause asthma symptoms. The severity of allergies varies from person to person and can range from minor irritation to anaphylaxis a potentially life-threatening emergency. If you have asthma, you may react to just one trigger or you may find that several things act as triggers. With today's knowledge and treatments, most people who have asthma are able to manage the disease. However, recognizing and avoiding the allergic substances that trigger your symptoms is the most important step you can take.
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 Asthma is a chronic disease that affects your airways. Your airways are tubes that carry air in and out of your lungs. If you have asthma, the inside walls of your airways become sore and swollen. That makes them very sensitive, and they may react strongly to things that you are allergic to or find irritating. When your airways react, they get narrower and your lungs get less air. This can cause wheezing, coughing, chest tightness and trouble breathing, especially early in the morning or at night. When your asthma symptoms become worse than usual, it's called an asthma attack .The exact cause of asthma isn't known, Different factors may be more likely to cause asthma in some people  than in others.Researchers think some genetic and environmental factors interact to cause asthma, most often early in life. These factors include: An inherited tendency to develop allergies, called atopy (AT-o-pe), Parents who have asthma, Certain respiratory infections during childhood, Contact with some airborne allergens or exposure to some viral infections in infancy or in early childhood when the immune system is developing. If you have asthma, you may react to just one trigger or you may find that several things act as triggers. (Triggers are things that can cause asthma symptoms)  If you have asthma, you may react to just one trigger or you may find that several things act as triggers. Some common triggers are: Getting a cold or flu Pollen, dust and animals (especially cats) Cold weather, Smoking, Exercise.   
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What Is Mold Allergy? Mold and mildew are fungi. They differ from plants or animals in how they reproduce and grow. The "seeds" called spores, are spread by the wind outdoors and by air indoors. Some spores are released in dry, windy weather and others are released with the fog or dew when humidity is high. Inhaling the spores causes allergic reactions in some people. Although there are many types of molds, only a few dozen cause allergic reactions.

Mold spores can deposit on the lining of the nose and cause high fever symptoms.They also can reach the lungs, to cause asthma or another serious illness called allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. It is common for people to be at greater risk of developing mold allergy if they or other family members are allergic to substances such as pollen or animal dander or if their occupations includ more exposure to mold (for example: Farmers, dairymen, loggers, bakers, mill workers, carpenters, greenhouse employees, wine makers and furniture repairers). The symptoms of mold allergy are very similar to the symptoms of other allergies, such as sneezing, itching, nasal discharge, congestion and dry, scaling skin. In some people with allergy, irritation alone can cause a reaction. To diagnose an allergy to mold or fungi, the doctor will take a complete medical history, skin tests and use the physical examination all together. How Is Mold Allergy Treated? As with most allergies, patients should take some actions to avoid contact with the spores (for example: Wear a dust mask when cutting grass, digging around plants, picking up leaves, disturbing other plant materials and reduce the humidity indoors to 35%). 
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 Molds are microscopic fungi that live on plant and animal matter. When mold spores land on damp places indoors, they may begin growing.

 Mold can trigger asthma attacks and allergic reactions (such as hay fever or eczema), and cause health problems in people without those conditions. Mold grows in humid, damp environments, so the best way to prevent and control indoor mold is to keep your home as dry and ventilated as possible. Mold spores can deposit on the lining of the nose and cause hay fever symptoms. They also can reach the lungs, to cause asthma or another serious illness called allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis.



The symptoms of mold allergy are very similar to the symptoms of other allergies, such as sneezing, itching, nasal discharge, congestion and dry, scaling skin. Some people with mold allergies may have symptoms the entire summer because of outdoor molds or year-round if symptoms are due to indoor molds. 



For diagnosis doctors use patient's medical history, skin testing results, and physical examination.  



Prognosis: Allergies cannot be cured, symptoms of the allergy can be reduced by avoiding contact with the spores. Mold quantity in the air can measured help  the carrier decide if to stay in a place.



Treatment: avoid contact with the spores, wear a dust mask when exposure may occur, reduce the humidity indoors. Medications include antihistamines and decongestants, or prescribed non-sedating antihistamines if continuous consumption of antihistamines cause drowsiness. For moderate and severe allergy symptoms, your doctor may prescribe corticosteroid nasal sprays. 
asthma medication
 Asthma is commonly divided into two types: allergic (extrinsic) asthma and non-allergic (intrinsic) asthma. Researchers think a combination of factors (family genes and certain environmental exposures) interact to cause asthma. Asthma triggers are different from person to person and can include:  Airborne allergens, such as pollen, animal dander, mold, cockroaches and dust mites Allergic reactions to some foods, such as peanuts or shellfish Respiratory infections, such as the common cold Physical activity (exercise-induced asthma) Cold air Air pollutants and irritants, such as smoke Certain medications, including beta blockers, aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin, others) and naproxen (Aleve) Strong emotions and stress Sulfites and preservatives added to some types of foods and beverages Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), a condition in which stomach acids back up into your throat Menstrual cycle in some women. If you have an allergy, you\'re more likely to have asthma  an immune system reaction that affects the airways and breathing.
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Allergic (extrinsic) asthma is characterized by symptoms that are triggered by an allergic reaction; it is an airway obstruction and inflammation that is partially reversible with medication.

Asthma, a chronic lung disease, inflames and narrows the airways that react and tighten strongly to certain substances that are breathed in. Cells in the airways make more mucus than normal. Symptoms may include wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath, and coughing, can be mild or can get worse and intense, and cause an asthma attack which require emergency care, and can even cause death. It is more common in childhood and tends to affect boys more than girls.

Allergies and asthma often occur together. Substances such as pollen, dust mites and pet dander are common triggers. In some people, skin or food allergies can cause asthma symptoms.

 An allergic response occurs when immune system chemicals (antibodies) mistakenly identify a harmless substance such as tree pollen as a dangerous invader. The chemicals released by your immune system lead to allergy signs and symptoms, such as nasal congestion, runny nose, itchy eyes or skin reactions. For some people, this same reaction also affects the lungs and airways, leading to asthma symptoms. Some treatment can reduce both asthma and allergy symptoms, but most are designed to treat either one or the other. However, recognizing and avoiding the allergic substances that trigger symptoms is the most important step to take.

Allergy medications include oral and nasal spray antihistamines and decongestants as well as corticosteroid and cromolyn nasal sprays.  
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Asthma is a chronic (long-term), non-curable lung disease that inflames and narrows the airways. This makes the airways swollen and very sensitive. The airways tend to react strongly to certain substances that are breathed in. When the airways react, the muscles around them tighten the airways narrow and less air flows to the lungs. The swelling also can worsen the airways condition, by making them even narrower. As of 2009, 300 million people worldwide were affected by asthma leading to approximately 250,000 deaths per year. More boys have asthma than girls, but more women have it than men. For some people, asthma is a minor nuisance and for others it can be a major problem that interferes with daily activities and may lead to a life-threatening asthma attack. What Causes Asthma? The exact cause of asthma is unknown. Researchers think some genetic and environmental factors interact to cause asthma, most often early in life. These factors include: An inherited tendency to develop allergies, called atopy (AT-o-pe), Parents who have asthma, Certain respiratory infections during childhood, Contact with some airborne allergens or exposure to some viral infections in infancy or in early childhood when the immune system is developing If asthma or atopy runs in your family, exposure to irritants (for example, tobacco smoke), Having a mother who smoked while pregnant, Being overweight, Exposure to pollution, Exposure to occupational triggers (such as chemicals used in farming), hairdressing and manufacturing, Low birth weight, animal dander, dust mites and mold Certain foods, Insect stings, Medications, Latex or other substances you touch, which can cause allergic skin reactions. However, more research is needed to determine what role they may play in developing asthma. 
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 Allergic asthma is the most common form of asthma, affecting over 50% of the 20 million asthma sufferers.Over 2.5 million children under age 18 suffer from allergic asthma. Many of the symptoms of allergic and non-allergic asthma are the same (coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath or rapid breathing, and chest tightness). However, allergic asthma is triggered by inhaled allergens such as dust mite allergen, pet dander, pollen, mold, etc. resulting in asthma symptoms. An allergic response occurs when immune system chemicals (antibodies) mistakenly identify a harmless substance as a dangerous invader. In an attempt to protect your body from the substance, antibodies attack the allergen. The chemicals released by your immune system lead to allergy signs and symptoms, such as nasal congestion, runny nose, itchy eyes or skin reactions. For some people, this same reaction also affects the lungs and airways, leading to asthma symptoms. Common allergy triggers include:  Airborne allergens, animal dander, dust mites and mold. Certain foods, Insect stings and certain Medications. While allergies can't be cured, a number of treatments can help relieve your allergy symptoms. A few treatments can help with both conditions. For example:  Leukotriene modifier- a daily pill that helps control your immune system chemicals released during an allergic reaction, Allergy shots (immunotherapy) that can help treat asthma by gradually reducing your immune system response to certain allergy triggers. Your immune system builds up a tolerance to the allergens over time, and your allergic reactions diminish. In turn, asthma symptoms decrease as well.
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 Molds are microscopic fungi that live on plant and animal matter. They among the most hazardous household substances for people with allergies and asthma. Fungi differ from plants or animals in how they reproduce and grow. Their "seeds", called spores, are spread by the wind outdoors and by air indoors.  Some spores are released in dry, windy weather. Others are released with the fog or dew when humidity is high. Inhaling the spores can trigger asthma attacks and allergic reactions (such as hay fever or eczema), and it can even cause health problems in people without those conditions. Allergic symptoms from fungus spores are most common from July to late summer, But with fungi growing in so many places, allergic reactions can occur year round. The symptoms are very similar to the symptoms of other allergies, such as sneezing, itching, nasal discharge, congestion and dry, scaling skin.  It is common for people to get mold allergy if they or other family members are allergic to substances such as pollen or animal dander. Some people with mold allergies may have allergy symptoms the entire summer because of outdoor molds or year-round if symptoms are due to indoor molds. Molds can reach the lungs, to cause asthma or another serious illness called allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. Sometimes the reaction is immediate, and sometimes the reaction is delayed. Symptoms often worsen in a damp or moldy room such as a basement; this may suggest mold allergy.
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 Having asthma doesn\'t mean you have to be less active. Treatment can prevent asthma attacks and control symptoms during activity. If you already know you have EIA, or chronic asthma here is some advice to help prevent symptoms: Take two puffs of your blue reliever inhaler before warming up Do some warm-up exercise e.g. gentle exercises and stretching for 5-10 minutes. This will help to increase your heart and breathing rates gradually lessening the effects of the cold air Now you are ready to start  If you experience symptoms during playing sport/exercising: STOP and take some slow, deep breaths Take four puffs of blue inhaler (one at a time), using a spacer if accessible Return to activity if you are free of symptoms  If your symptoms continue or return after your recommence, repeat inhaler instructions and see a doctor as soon as possible. If you exercise in cold temperatures, wear a face mask to warm the air you breathe. Being active is important for people with asthma as it helps in the management of the condition. Exercise helps to strengthen the muscles used for breathing, and over time may even help to improve your EIA symptoms. Inspiratory muscle training This technique helps strengthen lung muscles with a series of breathing exercises. Breathing exercises Breathing techniques for asthma have been around for years, but many health providers remain skeptical about them. Nonetheless, in a number of studies, people who did breathing exercises reported improved symptoms.
asthma medication
The symptoms with which chronic asthma presents are cough, breathlessness, chest tightness, or wheezing and are caused by the airways in the lungs narrowing. In addition to chronic asthma another condition is Exercise Induced Asthma or (EIA) when physical activities is the only trigger causing narrowing of the airways, and producing the symptoms of asthma.

 Exercise Induced Asthma Exercise induced asthma is a relatively common problem that can go undiagnosed, as some attribute their symptoms to being unfit.    During exercise it is necessary to breath through our mouths, enabling us to acquire the large amounts of air needed to sustain the increased level of energy. In susceptible airways when we breathe air that is unfiltered, dry and cold it causes bronchoconstriction (narrowing of the airways), producing the symptoms of asthma chest tightness, wheeze/cough and breathlessness. Being active is important for people with asthma as it helps in the management of the condition. Exercise helps to strengthen the muscles used for breathing, and over time may even help to improve EIA symptoms. Frequent or severe symptoms due to physical activity may suggest poorly controlled asthma and the need to either start or increase long-term control medicines that reduce inflammation. This will help prevent exercise-related symptoms. Easing into physical activity with a warmup period may be helpful. If you use your asthma medicines as your doctor directs, you should be able to take part in any physical activity or sport you choose.
asthma medication
 Exercise Induced Asthma Exercise induced asthma is a relatively common problem that can go undiagnosed, as some attribute their symptoms to being unfit. During exercise it is necessary to breath through our mouths, enabling us to acquire the large amounts of air needed to sustain the increased level of energy. In susceptible airways when we breathe air that is unfiltered, dry and cold it causes bronchoconstriction (narrowing of the airways), producing the symptoms of asthma chest tightness, wheeze/cough and breathlessness. If you have any of these symptoms during or after playing sport or exercising/activities, you may be experiencing EIA: Shortness of breath a few minutes after starting to exercise/play sport Tight feeling in chest while playing a sport/ exercising/active Stopping exercise/sport/activity because you feel unwell Wheezing and/or coughing  If you think you may have any of the signs of EIA and have not been diagnosed with asthma, please contact your family doctor for advice. Being active is important for people with asthma as it helps in the management of the condition. Exercise helps to strengthen the muscles used for breathing, and over time may even help to improve your EIA symptoms. If you have chronic asthma it is important that you participate in sports/exercise to help in the management of asthma. If you already know you have EIA, or chronic asthma here is some advice to help prevent symptoms: Take two puffs of your blue reliever inhaler before warming up Do some warm-up exercise e.g. gentle exercises and stretching for 5-10 minutes.
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The treatment for Atopic termatits varies and depends on the severity of your case and your age. Tacrolimus and pimecrolimus ointments are powerful topical medicated creams that are used for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. They are not particularly effective in patients with severe disease and are best used on the faces of children.For mild to moderate dermatitis in older children (over 12 years old) and adults Phototherapy is sometime used. Its a treatment with light that uses ultraviolet A or B light waves or a combination of both. Photochemotherapy, a combination of ultraviolet light therapy and a drug called psoralen, can also be used in cases that are resistant to phototherapy alone. Oral antihistamines, such as Benadryl or Atarax, can be used to treat itch associated with atopic dermatitis. However, that they can cause sleepiness and may not help in all cases.For more severe falers of atopic dermatitis, Oral corticosteroids, such as prednisone, prednisolone, and medrol, may be used. They are used if the rash covers a large part of the body and face, but they are often prescribed for a short course (5 days) to calm the rash due to numerous side effects. For more mild cases, Shampoos and soaps containing coal tar can help but use should stop immediately if there is any increase in itching or redness of the rash. if you have a bacterial skin infection or an open sore or fissure caused by scratching,  You may need antibiotics.
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Many of the medications used to treat Atopic dermatitis have side effects that are important to know about. Oral antihistamines, such as Benadryl (diphenhydramine) or Atarax (hydroxyzine), are used to treat itch associated with atopic dermatitis can cause sleepiness and may not help in all cases of atopic dermatitis. Antihistamine creams should not be used on atopic dermatitis rashes because they contain chemicals that can actually worsen the rash. Possible side effects for Corticosteroids include:  Thinning of the skin, Skin infections Growth suppression in children (with long-term oral prednisone), Stretch marks on the skin,  Possible side effects for Nonsteroidal Topical Immunomodulators include:  Temporary mild warmth, burning, or itching  Side effects for Antihistamines include:  Drowsiness, Dry mouth, nose, or throat.    Corticosteroids can be absorbed through the skin and cause problems throughout the body. Side effects include headache, indigestion, increased appetite, restlessness, and increased risk of infection.Using topical corticosteroids on the face can result in enlarged blood vessels (telangiectasias), bruising, acne, and stretch marks (striae).     Coal tar, actually made by melting coal, that has long been a treatment for a variety of skin, can be very irritating to already inflamed skin.Long term Light therapy,Though effective, has many harmful effects, including premature skin aging and an increased risk of skin cancer. 
asthma medication
Treatments for atopic dermatitis (eczema) aim to reduce inflammation, relieve itching and prevent future flare-ups. Over-the-counter (nonprescription) anti-itch creams and other self-care measures may help control mild atopic dermatitis. An example for nonprescription cream is low-potency corticosteroid creams, but you should always talk to your doctor before using any topical corticosteroid. Your doctor may recommend prescription corticosteroid creams or ointments to ease scaling and relieve itching. There are side effects of long-term or repeated use of these creams. You may need antibiotics if you have a bacterial skin infection or an open sore or fissure caused by scratching. Your doctor may recommend taking antibiotics for a short time to treat an infection or for longer periods of time to reduce bacteria on your skin and to prevent recurrent infections. If itching is severe, oral antihistamines may help, such as Benadryl (diphenhydramine) or Atarax (hydroxyzine). For more severe cases, your doctor may prescribe oral corticosteroids, such as prednisone, or an intramuscular injection of corticosteroids to reduce inflammation and to control symptoms. These medications are effective, but can't be used long term because of potential serious side effects. A class of medications called immunomodulators, such as tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel), affect the immune system and may help maintain normal skin texture and reduce flares of atopic dermatitis. This prescription-only medications is approved for children older than 2 and for adults. They are not particularly effective in patients with severe disease, with possible concerns about their effect on the immune system and are best used on the faces of children. There is also the possibility to get allergy shots, but usually they aren't successful in treating atopic dermatitis.
asthma medication
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin. It is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another. The word dermatitis means inflammation of the skin. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, and finally, crusting and scaling. In most cases, there are periods of time when the disease is worse (called exacerbations or flares) followed by periods when the skin improves or clears up entirely (called remissions). As some children with atopic dermatitis grow older, their skin disease improves or disappears altogether, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood. Atopic dermatitis is often referred to as eczema, which is a general term for the several types of inflammation of the skin. Atopic dermatitis is the most common of the many types of eczema.
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There are some side effects of different medications. Topical corticosteroids include the following: A burning sensation, itching, irritation, dryness, or redness may develop in the area where the medicine is applied. Using topical corticosteroids on the face can result in enlarged blood vessels (telangiectasias), bruising, acne, and stretch marks (striae). With long-term use, high-strength topical corticosteroids cause temporary thinning of the skin, making it more easily irritated. But when used carefully and mostly in low-strength doses, topical corticosteroids can be used for up to 10 years without severe side effects. Corticosteroids can be absorbed through the skin and cause problems throughout the body. Side effects include headache, indigestion, increased appetite, restlessness, increased risk of infection, thinning of the skin, skin infections, growth suppression in children (with long-term oral prednisone), stretch marks on the skin, thinning of the bones, and suppression of the immune system. If your skin rash gets worse or if you have blurred vision, increased urination, excessive thirst, or mood changes, see your doctor. Side effects are associated with long-term use of corticosteroids. You and your doctor must watch for side effects and weigh them against the potential benefit of corticosteroid treatment. Though they may clear atopic dermatitis well, the side effects are too risky to warrant using them as a first-line treatment. Possible side effects for nonsteroidal topical immunomodulators include: temporary mild warmth, burning or itching. Side effects for antihistamines include: drowsiness (do not drive a car or operate heavy machinery until you know how these drugs affect you), dry mouth, nose or throat.  Antihistamine creams should not be used on atopic dermatitis rashes because they contain chemicals that can actually worsen the rash.
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 Atopic dermatitis is the most common of the many types of eczema. Its a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin. Its a distinct condition in persons who are genetically predisposed to developing immunoglobulin (Ig) E-mediated hypersensitivity reactions. Atopic dernatitis is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another. The word dermatitis means inflammation of the skin. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, and finally, crusting and scaling. In most cases, there are periods of time when the disease is worse (called exacerbations or flares) followed by periods when the skin improves or clears up entirely (called remissions).  Although atopic dermatitis can occur in any age, most often it affects infants and young children. In some the skin disease improves or disappears altogether with age, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood.  The cause of atopic dermatitis is not known, but the disease seems to result from a combination of genetic (hereditary) and environmental factors. There seems to be a basic hypersensitivity and an increased tendency toward itching. While emotional factors and stress may in some cases exacerbate or initiate the condition, they do not seem to be a primary or underlying cause for the disorder. 
asthma medication
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin and a large percentage of the world's population. It is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another, unless they have active skin infections. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. Atopic dermatitis is often referred to as eczema, which is a general term for the several types of inflammation of the skin. Atopic dermatitis is the most common of the many types of eczema. In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. The cause of atopic dermatitis is not known, but the disease seems to result from a combination of genetic (hereditary) and environmental factors. A wide range of environmental factors, such as contact allergens, stress, food, skin flora and humidity, play roles in the development and severity of atopic dermatitis. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, and finally, crusting and scaling. In most cases, there are periods of time when the disease is worse (called exacerbations or flares) followed by periods when the skin improves or clears up entirely (called remissions). Although atopic dermatitis can occur in any age, most often it affects infants and young children. As some children with atopic dermatitis grow older, their skin disease improves or disappears altogether, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood. Self-care measures, such as avoiding soaps or other irritants and applying creams or ointments, can help relieve itching. Tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel) ointments are powerful and expensive topical medicated creams (drugs that are applied to the skin) that are used for the treatment of atopic dermatitis.
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Corticosteroid creams or ointments. Your doctor may recommend prescription corticosteroid creams or ointments to ease scaling and relieve itching. Some low-potency corticosteroid creams are available without a prescription, but you should always talk to your doctor before using any topical corticosteroid. Side effects of long-term or repeated use can include skin irritation or discoloration, thinning of the skin, infections, and stretch marks on the skin. Antibiotics. You may need antibiotics if you have a bacterial skin infection or an open sore or fissure caused by scratching. Your doctor may recommend taking antibiotics for a short time to treat an infection or for longer periods of time to reduce bacteria on your skin and to prevent recurrent infections. Antibiotics. You may need antibiotics if you have a bacterial skin infection or an open sore or fissure caused by scratching. Your doctor may recommend taking antibiotics for a short time to treat an infection or for longer periods of time to reduce bacteria on your skin and to prevent recurrent infections. Oral antihistamines. If itching is severe, oral antihistamines may help. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl, others) can make you sleepy and may be helpful at bedtime. If your skin cracks open, your doctor may prescribe mildly astringent wet dressings to prevent infection. in severe cases your doctor may prescribe oral or injection Corticosteroid such as prednisone, or an intramuscular injection of corticosteroids to reduce inflammation and to control symptoms. those treatments have severe side effects. A class of medications called immunomodulators, such as tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel), affect the immune system and may help maintain normal skin texture.
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Oral antihistamines, such as Benadryl (diphenhydramine) or Atarax (hydroxyzine), can be used to treat itch associated with atopic dermatitis. It\'s important to note, however, that they can cause sleepiness and may not help in all cases of atopic dermatitis. Antihistamine creams should not be used on atopic dermatitis rashes because they contain chemicals that can actually worsen the rash. Oral corticosteroids, such as prednisone, prednisolone, and medrol, may be used for more severe flares of atopic dermatitis. They are used if the rash covers a large part of the body and face. Oral steroids used long term have numerous side effects, including weight gain, thinning of the bones, and suppression of the immune system. Though they may clear atopic dermatitis well, the side effects are too risky to warrant using them as a first-line treatment. To avoid these side effects, but still benefit from the medication, oral steroids are often prescribed for a short course (5 days) to calm the rash. Topical steroids can then be used on the remaining rash. Coal tar, actually made by melting coal, has long been a treatment for a variety of skin conditions. Shampoos and soaps containing coal tar can help with mild cases of atopic dermatitis. Coal tar tends to work better on thickened skin that is not scaly, or to ease very early symptoms of itching. However, coal tar can be very irritating to already inflamed skin. It is OK to try coal tar for mild cases of atopic dermatitis, but use should stop immediately if there is any increase in itching or redness of the rash. 
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Breathing exercises Breathing techniques for asthma have been around for years, but many health providers remain skeptical about them. They don\'t seem to improve the underlying allergic reaction that causes asthma symptoms. Nonetheless, in a number of studies, people who did breathing exercises reported improved symptoms. Breathing methods vary, but generally involve learning to:  Take breaths less often Take slower breaths Breathe through your nose rather than your mouth Use your abdominal muscles to take deep \"belly breaths\" (diaphragmatic breathing) A few breathing techniques used for asthma include the Buteyko breathing technique and yoga breathing (pranayama). Inspiratory muscle training This technique helps strengthen lung muscles with a series of breathing exercises. It\'s sometimes used for other lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and after certain types of surgery. These exercises definitely strengthen the muscles of your lungs, but there\'s not enough proof to say whether they help with asthma. Massage and chiropractic treatment Although some claim that these treatments help, there\'s no evidence that physical manipulation of the spine or muscles reduces asthma symptoms. Relaxation therapy Relaxation therapy techniques include meditation, biofeedback, hypnosis and progressive muscle relaxation. It\'s unclear whether any of these techniques directly help with asthma, but they do seem to reduce stress and promote a sense of well-being.
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If you exercise in cold temperatures, wear a face mask to warm the air you breathe. To help prevent symptoms: Take two puffs of your blue reliever inhaler before warming up Do some warm-up exercise e.g. gentle exercises and stretching for 5-10 minutes. This will help to increase your heart and breathing rates gradually lessening the effects of the cold air Now you are ready to start  If you experience symptoms during playing sport/exercising: STOP and take some slow, deep breaths Take four puffs of blue inhaler (one at a time), using a spacer if accessible Return to activity if you are free of symptoms  If your symptoms continue or return after your recommence, repeat inhaler instructions and see a doctor as soon as possible.  At times, programs for students who have asthma may need to be temporarily modified, such as by varying the type, intensity, duration, and/or frequency of activity. At all times, students who have asthma should be included in activities as much as possible. The good news is that today\'s treatments can successfully control asthma so that most students can participate fully in regular school and childcare activities, including play, sports, and other physical activities.
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Exercise induced asthma is a relatively common problem that can go undiagnosed, as some attribute their symptoms to being unfit. It is considered as a non-allergic asthma, where the immune system is not involved in the reaction. Like allergic asthma, it is characterized by airway obstruction and inflammation that is at least partially reversible with medication.

In addition to chronic asthma another condition is Exercise Induced Asthma or (EIA) when physical activities is the only trigger causing narrowing of the airways, and producing the symptoms of asthma such as  cough, breathlessness, chest tightness, or wheezing.

During exercise it is necessary to breath through the mouth and the nose, enabling to acquire the large amounts of air needed to sustain the increased level of energy.

If susceptible airways is unfiltered, dry and cold it causes bronchoconstriction (narrowing of the airways), producing the symptoms of asthma chest tightness, wheeze/cough and breathlessness.

Sympthoms include shortness of breath a few minutes after starting to a strenuous physical activity or a tight feeling in chest which forces one to stop, wheezing and/or coughing.

Exercise provokes symptoms in most children with poorly controlled asthma, the student who has asthma symptoms with physical activity may need to be evaluated by his or her health care provider.

Even for a student who has exercise-induced asthma, the frequent use of quick-relief medication during or after exercise may signal the need to return to his or her health care provider to add a daily long-term control medication or to increase the dosage.
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Exercise Induced Asthma Exercise induced asthma is a relatively common problem that can go undiagnosed, as some attribute their symptoms to being unfit. To help you understand the condition and know how to manage it here are a few pointers. The symptoms with which chronic asthma presents are cough, breathlessness, chest tightness, or wheezing and are caused by the airways in the lungs narrowing. Many triggers cause chronic asthma e.g. colds, dust mites and exercise. In addition to chronic asthma another condition is Exercise Induced Asthma or (EIA) when physical activities is the only trigger causing narrowing of the airways, and producing the symptoms of asthma. What happens? When breathing normally air enters our lungs through the nose, where it is warmed, moistened, and filtered. During exercise it is necessary to breath through our mouths, enabling us to acquire the large amounts of air needed to sustain the increased level of energy. In susceptible airways when we breathe air that is unfiltered, dry and cold it causes bronchoconstriction (narrowing of the airways), producing the symptoms of asthma chest tightness, wheeze/cough and breathlessness. How will I know if I have EIA...? If you have any of these symptoms during or after playing sport or exercising/activities, you may be experiencing EIA: Shortness of breath a few minutes after starting to exercise/play sport Tight feeling in chest while playing a sport/ exercising/active Stopping exercise/sport/activity because you feel unwell Wheezing and/or coughing  If you think you may have any of the signs of EIA and have not been diagnosed with asthma, please contact your family doctor for advice.
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In addition to chronic asthma another condition is Exercise Induced Asthma or (EIA) when physical activities is the only trigger causing narrowing of the airways, and producing the symptoms of asthma. This condition is Non-Allergic (intrinsic) asthma that triggered by factors not related to allergies, in this case: exercise. Exercise induced asthma is a relatively common problem that can go undiagnosed, as some attribute their symptoms to being unfit. Exercise-induced asthma, may be worse when the air is cold so there is a need to use a quick-relief inhaler more often for some people. If you have any of these symptoms during or after playing sport or exercising/activities, you may be experiencing EIA: shortness of breath a few minutes after starting to exercise/play sport, tight feeling in chest while playing a sport/exercising/active, stopping exercise/sport/activity because you feel unwell Wheezing and/or coughing. If you think you may have any of the signs of EIA and have not been diagnosed with asthma, please contact your family doctor for advice. Being active is important for people with asthma as it helps in the management of the condition. Exercise helps to strengthen the muscles used for breathing, and over time may even help to improve your EIA symptoms.  Physical activity is an important part of a healthy lifestyle. Talk with your doctor about medicines that can help you stay active.
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Being active is important for people with asthma as it helps in the management of the condition.
Exercise helps to strengthen the muscles used for breathing, and over time may even help to improve your EIA symptoms.
It is important to participate in sports/exercise when there is chronic asthma, in order to help in the management of asthma.
Some advice to help prevent symptoms while exercising: two puffs of the blue reliever inhaler before warming up, some warm-up exercise e.g. gentle exercises and stretching for 5-10 minutes. This will help to increase the heart and breathing rates gradually lessening the effects of the cold air and only after that to start. If one experiences symptoms during playing sport/exercising, one should stop and take some slow, deep breaths, take four puffs of blue inhaler (one at a time), using a spacer if accessible, then return to activity if you are free of symptoms If your symptoms continue or return after your recommence, repeat inhaler instructions and see a doctor as soon as possible.

Inspiratory muscle training helps strengthen lung muscles with a series of breathing exercises.
It is s sometimes used for other lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and after certain types of surgery. Though, there's not enough proof to say whether they help with asthma.

	
asthma medication
 Prevention and long-term control are key in stopping asthma attacks before they start. Treatment usually involves learning to recognize your triggers and taking steps to avoid them, and tracking your breathing to make sure your daily asthma medications are keeping symptoms under control. In case of an asthma flare-up, you may need to use a quick-relief inhaler, such as albuterol.  The right medications for you depend on a number of things, including your age, symptoms, your asthma triggers and what seems to work best to keep your asthma under control. Preventive, long-term control medications reduce the inflammation in your airways that leads to symptoms.They are taken daily and are the cornerstone of asthma treatment. Quick-relief inhalers (bronchodilators) quickly open swollen airways that are limiting breathing. In some cases, allergy medications are necessary. Long term medications keep asthma under control on a day-to-day basis and make it less likely to have an asthma attack. Types of long-term control medications include:  Inhaled corticosteroids. You may need to use these medications for several days to weeks before they reach their maximum benefit. Quick-relief medications are used as needed for rapid, short-term symptom relief during an asthma attack  or before exercise if your doctor recommends it. Types of quick-relief medications include:  Short-acting beta agonists. These inhaled, quick-relief bronchodilators act within minutes to rapidly ease symptoms during an asthma attack. But if your long-term control medications are working properly, you shouldn't need to use your quick-relief inhaler very often.
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 Corticosteroids are medicines that help prevent asthma symptoms occurring by reducing the inflammation in the airways. Cortisone, is part of a family of substances known as steroids which are produced by the body to help it function normally. Corticosteroids were developed from cortisone and are agents that decrease inflammation. The medication is used in several forms, to treat many different conditions. It reduces itching, swelling, redness, and allergic reactions, used in treating skin problems, severe allergies, asthma and arthritis. Inhaled corticosteroids are a maintenance medicine that helps to prevent severe asthma symptoms. They are prescribed for patients of all ages to treat different levels of persistent asthma. They work by dampening down the inflammation in the airways, and are the most effective agents for treating asthma. As a result, asthma symptoms and sudden acute attacks occur less often. To be effective, they need to be taken once or twice every day as prescribed by your doctor. They are of no benefit when used for symptoms, unlike bronchodilators, or when taken on an odd occasion. Common Corticosteroids: Beclozone (Beclomethasone), Flixotide (Fluticasone), Pulmicort (Budesonide). Some preventers may take 3 to 4 weeks to become effective others only take a few days, so it may take some time before you notice a difference in your your asthma. Some people on inhaled corticosteroids may have local side effects such as sore throat, husky voice, thrush (an infection) in the mouth. These side effects can be avoided by using a spacer.
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 A variety of asthma inhalers are available to help control asthma symptoms in adults and children. QUICK-RELIEF MEDICATIONS (also known as short-acting bronchodilators) are taken when needed for rapid, short-term relief of asthma symptoms. LONG-TERM CONTROL MEDICATIONS are usually taken daily to control underlying airway inflammation and thereby prevent asthma symptoms.Types of asthma inhalers include:  Metered dose inhalers. Dry powder inhaler. Metered dose inhaler with a spacer.  Take the medication exactly as prescribed. Don't stop taking the medication or adjust the dosage on your own. Types of quick-relief medications include:  Short-acting beta agonists. They include albuterol (ProAir HFA, Ventolin HFA, others), levalbuterol (Xopenex HFA) and pirbuterol (Maxair). Ipratropium (Atrovent). Ipratropium (Atrovent). Like other bronchodilators, ipratropium acts quickly to immediately relax your airways, making it easier to breathe. Oral and intravenous corticosteroids. Allergy medications may help if your asthma is triggered or worsened by allergies. Inhaled corticosteroids These anti-inflammatory drugs are the most effective and commonly used long-term control medications for asthma.
asthma medication
Asthma is a chronic (longterm) lung disease that inflames and narrows the airways. it is can not be cured but its sympthoms can be controlled.  It is treated with two types of medicines:   long term control and quick relief medicines. Long term control medicines help reduce airway inflammation and prevent asthma symptoms. such medicine are doctor prescribes and should be taken daily. Quick relief, or rescue, medicines relieve asthma symptoms when they flare up. an inhaler is a common quick relief medicine. it is important to practice using your inhaler at the doctors office in order to learn the correct usage. Your initial asthma treatment will depend on how severe your disease is. The goal of asthma treatment is to control the disease and prevent asthma attacks. Good asthma control will: 	 Prevent chronic and troublesome symptoms, such as coughing and shortness of breath  	 Reduce your need for quick relief medicines  	 Help you maintain good lung function  	 Let you maintain your normal activity levels and sleep through the night 	 Prevent asthma attacks that could result in  your going to the emergency room or being admitted to the hospital for treatment  To reach this goal, you should actively partner with your doctor to manage the disease and create and follow an asthma action plan. With todays knowledge and treatments, most people who have asthma are able to manage the disease. They have few, if any, symptoms and can live normal, active lives.
asthma medication
 Corticosteroids are medicines that help prevent asthma symptoms occurring by reducing the inflammation in the airways. Cortisone, is part of a family of substances known as steroids which are produced by the body to help it function normally. It reduces itching, swelling, redness, and allergic reactions, used in treating skin problems, severe allergies, asthma and arthritis. Inhaled corticosteroids are prescribed for patients of all ages to treat different levels of persistent asthma. To be effective, they need to be taken once or twice every day as prescribed by your doctor. Inhaled steroids are not addictive. The dose is carefully worked out according to you/your childs weight. Its best to give each dose of steroid with food in the morning, usually at breakfast time. Steroids given by mouth During severe acute asthma episodes you/your child may need a higher dose of corticosteroids to be taken by mouth. A larger dose of steroid taken this way allows the medicine to work faster. These anti-inflammatory drugs are the most effective and commonly used long-term control medications for asthma. Corticosteroids don't generally cause serious side effects. After you use it, rinse your mouth with water, gargle, and spit out. Corticosteroid creams or ointments. Your doctor may recommend prescription corticosteroid creams or ointments to ease scaling and relieve itching. Some people on inhaled corticosteroids may have local side effects such as: sore throat, husky voice, thrush (an infection) in the mouth. Inhaled steroids are not addictive.
asthma medication
 Asthma is a longterm lung disease that cant be cured.It causes inflammation and narrowing of the airways, making them swollen and  very sensitive. That can result in asthma symptoms. Symptoms may include wheezing , chest tightness, shortness of breath, and coughing. When symptoms get more intense and/or additional symptoms occur, this is an asthma attack. Its important to treat symptoms when you first notice them. This will help prevent the symptoms from worsening and causing a severe asthma attack that may require emergency care, and can cause death.  Asthma is treated with two types of medicines:   longterm control and quickrelief medicines. Longterm control medicines help reduce airway inflammation and prevent asthma symptoms. Quickrelief, or rescue, medicines relieve asthma symptoms when they flare up. Your initial asthma treatment will depend on how severe your disease is. Followup asthma treatment will depend on how well your asthma action plan is working to control your symptoms and prevent asthma attacks. The goal of asthma treatment is to control the disease and prevent asthma attacks. Good asthma control will Prevent chronic and troublesome symptoms, such as shortness of breath, Reduce your need for quickrelief medicines, Let you maintain your normal activity levels and sleep through the night and will Prevent severe asthma attacks. To reach this goal, you should actively partner with your doctor to manage the disease and create and follow an asthma action plan. With todays knowledge and treatments, most people who have asthma are able to manage the disease.
asthma medication
 The goal of asthma treatment is to control the disease and prevent asthma attacks. It is treated with two types of medicines: longterm control and quickrelief medicines. Longterm control medicines help reduce airway inflammation and prevent asthma symptoms. Quickrelief, or rescue, medicines relieve asthma symptoms when they flare up. An asthma action plan gives guidance on taking your medicines properly, avoiding factors that worsen your asthma, tracking your level of asthma control, responding to worsening asthma, and seeking emergency care when  needed. Good asthma control will: Prevent chronic and troublesome symptoms, such as coughing and shortness of breath Reduce your need for quickrelief medicines Help you maintain good lung function Let you maintain your normal activity levels and sleep through the night Prevent asthma attacks that could result in  your going to the emergency room or being admitted to the hospital for treatment  To reach this goal, you should actively partner with your doctor to manage the disease and create and follow an asthma action plan. Your initial asthma treatment will depend on how severe your disease is. Asthma can\'t be cured, but its symptoms can be controlled. Because asthma often changes over time, it\'s important that you work with your doctor to track your signs and symptoms and adjust treatment as needed.
asthma medication
Most asthma medications are inhaled as sprays or powders and may be taken using metered-dose inhalers, dry powder inhalers, or nebulizers. A metered-dose inhaler is a pressurized canister that delivers a dose of medication and does not require deep and fast breathing (see Appendix 3 for instructions). A dry powder inhaler is another kind of inhaler that does require deep and fast breathing to get the medication into the lungs (see Appendix 4 for instructions). A nebulizer is a machine that turns liquid medication into a fine mist. Whichever delivery method is used, it is important for patient to take their medications correctly. LONG-TERM CONTROL MEDICATIONS are usually taken daily to control underlying airway inflammation and thereby prevent asthma symptoms. They can significantly reduce a patient need for quick-relief medication. Inhaled corticosteroids are the most effective long-term control medications for asthma. It is important to remember that inhaled corticosteroids are generally safe for long-term use when taken as prescribed. They are not addictive and are not the same as illegal anabolic steroids used by some athletes to build muscles. QUICK-RELIEF MEDICATIONS are taken when needed for rapid, short-term relief of asthma symptoms. They help stop asthma attacks by temporarily relaxing the muscles around the airways. However, they do nothing to treat the underlying airway inflammation that caused the symptoms to flare up. An additional use for quick-relief medications is the prevention of asthma symptoms in patients who have exercise-induced asthma. These patients may be directed  to take their quick-relief medication inhaler 5 minutes before physical activities.
asthma medication
Corticosteroids were developed from cortisone and are agents that decrease inflammation. The medication is used in several forms, to treat many different conditions. It reduces itching, swelling, redness, and allergic reactions, used in treating skin problems, severe allergies, asthma and arthritis. Although corticosteroids are part of the steroid family they are not the same as the anabolic steroids some athletes and body-builders use to enhance their muscles and gain strength. Anabolic steroids can have serious side effects. Inhaled corticosteroids are prescribed for patients of all ages to treat different levels of persistent asthma. They work by dampening down the inflammation in the airways, and are the most effective agents for treating asthma. As a result, asthma symptoms and sudden acute attacks occur less often. To be effective, they need to be taken once or twice every day as prescribed by your doctor. They are of no benefit when used for symptoms, unlike bronchodilators or when taken on an odd occasion. Inhaled corticosteroids are a maintenance medicine that helps to prevent severe asthma symptoms. Common Corticosteroids:      Beclozone (Beclomethasone)\     Flixotide (Fluticasone)     Pulmicort (Budesonide)   Some preventers may take 3 to 4 weeks to become effective others only take a few days, so it may take some time before you notice a difference in your childs or your asthma. You may also notice that the blue inhaler is not needed as often.
asthma medication
Treating atopic dermatitis in infants and children Give brief, lukewarm baths. Apply an emollient immediately following the bath. Keep a child\'s fingernails filed short. Select soft cotton fabrics when choosing clothing. Consider using antihistamines to reduce scratching at night. Keep the child cool; avoid situations where overheating occurs. Learn to recognize skin infections and seek treatment promptly. Attempt to distract the child with activities to keep him or her from scratching. 
Tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel) ointments are powerful and expensive topical medicated creams (drugs that are applied to the skin) that are used for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. They are not particularly effective in patients with severe disease and are best used on the faces of children. Phototherapy is treatment with light that uses ultraviolet A or B light waves or a combination of both. This treatment can be an effective treatment for mild to moderate dermatitis in older children (over 12 years old) and adults. Photochemotherapy, a combination of ultraviolet light therapy and a drug called psoralen, can also be used in cases that are resistant to phototherapy alone. Possible long-term side effects of this treatment include premature skin aging and skin cancer. If the doctor thinks that phototherapy may be useful in treating the symptoms of atopic dermatitis, he or she will use the minimum exposure necessary and monitor the skin carefully.
asthma medication
 Although atopic dermatitis can occur in any age, most often it affects infants and young children. Most children with atopic dermatitis enter into a permanent remission of the disease when they get older, although their skin may remain somewhat dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood. Treating atopic dermatitis in infants and children includes      Giving brief, lukewarm baths and Applying an emollient immediately following the bath, Keeping the child's fingernails filed short, Selecting soft cotton fabrics when choosing clothing. using antihistamines to reduce scratching at night should be considered. The parent should keep the child cool and avoid situations where overheating occurs. He should learn to recognize skin infections and seek treatment promptly. When a child has atopic dermatitis, the entire family situation may be affected. It is important that families have additional support to help them cope with the stress and frustration associated with the disease. The child may be fussy and difficult and often is unable to keep from scratching and rubbing the skin. Distracting the child and providing as many activities that keep the hands busy are key but require effort and work on the part of the parents or caregivers. The child may face difficulty in school or other social relationships and may need additional support and encouragement from family members.
asthma medication
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin. It is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another through skin contact. There is generally no cause for concern in being around someone with even an active case of atopic dermatitis, unless they have active skin infections. The word dermatitis means inflammation of the skin. The term atopic is from the Greek meaning strange. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, and finally, crusting and scaling. In most cases, there are periods of time when the disease is worse (called exacerbations or flares) followed by periods when the skin improves or clears up entirely (called remissions). Atopic dermatitis is often referred to as eczema, which is a general term for the several types of inflammation of the skin. Atopic dermatitis is the most common of the many types of eczema. Although atopic dermatitis can occur in any age, most often it affects infants and young children. Occasionally, it may persist into adulthood or may actually appear at that time. Some patients tend to have a protracted course with various ups and downs. The cause of atopic dermatitis is unknown, but it may result from a combination of inherited tendencies for sensitive skin and malfunction in the body's immune system.
asthma medication
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin. It is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another. The word dermatitis means inflammation of the skin. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, and finally, crusting and scaling. In most cases, there are periods of time when the disease is worse (called exacerbations or flares) followed by periods when the skin improves or clears up entirely (called remissions). As some children with atopic dermatitis grow older, their skin disease improves or disappears altogether, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood. Atopic dermatitis is often referred to as eczema, which is a general term for the several types of inflammation of the skin. Atopic dermatitis is the most common of the many types of eczema.
asthma medication
 Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin. It is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another. The word dermatitis means inflammation of the skin. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. Atopic dermatitis affects a large percentage of the world's population.It is a special type of allergic hypersensitivity that includes a triad of conditions that includes asthma, inhalant allergies (hay fever), and a chronic dermatitis (eczema). In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, and finally, crusting and scaling. In most cases, there are periods of time when the disease is worse (called exacerbations or flares) followed by periods when the skin improves or clears up entirely (called remissions). As some children with atopic dermatitis grow older, their skin disease improves or disappears altogether, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood. Atopic dermatitis is the most common of the many types of eczema. There is a known hereditary component of the disease, and it is more common in affected families. Criteria that enable to diagnose it include the typical appearance and distribution of the rash in a patient with a personal or family history of asthma and/or hay fever.
asthma medication
Atopic dermatitis most often begins in childhood before age 5 and may persist into adulthood. Most children with atopic dermatitis enter into a permanent remission of the disease when they get older, although their skin may remain somewhat dry and easily irritated.  For some, it flares periodically and then subsides for a time, even up to several years. Itching may be severe, and scratching the rash can make it even itchier and cause more inflammation. Once the skin barrier is broken, the skin can become infected by bacteria, especially Staphylococcus aureus, which commonly live on the skin. Breaking this itch-scratch cycle can be challenging. When atopic dermatitis occurs in infants, it's called infantile eczema. This condition may continue into childhood and adolescence. Infantile eczema often involves an oozing, crusting rash, mainly on the skin of the face and scalp, but it can occur anywhere. After infancy, the rash becomes dryer and tends to be red to brown-gray in color. In adolescence, the skin may be scaly or thickened and easily irritated. The intense itching may continue. As some children with atopic dermatitis grow older, their skin disease improves or disappears altogether, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood. A class of medications called immunomodulators, such as tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel), affect the immune system and may help maintain normal skin texture and reduce flares of atopic dermatitis. This prescription-only medication is approved for children older than 2 and for adults.
asthma allergy
 Over-the-counter (nonprescription) anti-itch creams and other self-care measures may help control mild atopic dermatitis. Your doctor may recommend prescription corticosteroid creams or ointments to ease scaling and relieve itching. Some low-potency corticosteroid creams are available without a prescription, but you should always talk to your doctor before using any topical corticosteroid. If itching is severe, oral antihistamines may help. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl, others) can make you sleepy and may be helpful at bedtime. For more severe cases, your doctor may prescribe oral corticosteroids, such as prednisone, or an intramuscular injection of corticosteroids to reduce inflammation and to control symptoms. These medications are effective, but can\'t be used long term because of potential serious side effects. A class of medications called immunomodulators, such as tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel), affect the immune system and may help maintain normal skin texture and reduce flares of atopic dermatitis. This prescription-only medication is approved for children older than 2 and for adults. Due to possible concerns about the effect of these medications on the immune system when used for prolonged periods, the Food and Drug Administration recommends that Elidel and Protopic be used only when other treatments have failed or if someone can\'t tolerate other treatments. Many alternative therapies  including chamomile, evening-primrose oil, witch hazel extract and borage seed oil  have been touted as possible ways to treat atopic dermatitis (eczema). However, there\'s no conclusive evidence that any of these alternative therapies are effective.
asthma allergy
  Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin. It is a common condition affecting approximately 17% of the population.  It is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. As some children with atopic dermatitis grow older, their skin disease improves or disappears altogether, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated.

 Treatments for atopic dermatitis (eczema) aim to reduce inflammation, relieve itching and prevent future flare-ups. Nonprescription anti-itch creams and other self-care measures may help control mild atopic dermatitis.  Self-care measures, such as avoiding soaps or other irritants and applying creams or ointments, can help relieve itching. Corticosteroid creams or ointments can ease scaling and relieve itching. Some low-potency corticosteroid creams are available without a prescription, but you should always talk to your doctor before using any topical corticosteroid. Antibiotics help a bacterial skin infection or an open sore or fissure caused by scratching. Taking antibiotics for a short time to treat an infection or for longer periods of time to reduce bacteria on your skin and to prevent recurrent infections. If itching is severe, oral antihistamines may help. 

Although atopic dermatitis is related to allergies, eliminating allergens is rarely helpful in clearing the condition. Allergy shots usually aren\'t successful in treating atopic dermatitis.
asthma allergy
 The exact cause of atopic dermatitis (eczema) is unknown, but it\'s likely due to a combination of dry, irritable skin with a malfunction in the body\'s immune system. Stress and other emotional disorders can worsen atopic dermatitis, but they don\'t cause it. Corticosteroid creams or ointments. Your doctor may recommend prescription corticosteroid creams or ointments to ease scaling and relieve itching. Some low-potency corticosteroid creams are available without a prescription, but you should always talk to your doctor before using any topical corticosteroid. Over-the-counter (nonprescription) anti-itch creams and other self-care measures may help control mild atopic dermatitis. Although atopic dermatitis is related to allergies, eliminating allergens is rarely helpful in clearing the condition. Occasionally, items that trap dust  such as feather pillows, down comforters, mattresses, carpeting and drapes  can worsen the condition. Allergy shots usually aren\'t successful in treating atopic dermatitis. Light therapy (phototherapy) As the name suggests, this treatment uses natural or artificial light. The simplest and easiest form of phototherapy involves exposing your skin to controlled amounts of natural sunlight. Other forms of light therapy include the use of artificial ultraviolet A (UVA) or ultraviolet B (UVB) light including the more recently available narrow band ultraviolet B (NBUVB) either alone or with medications. Though effective, long-term light therapy has many harmful effects, including premature skin aging and an increased risk of skin cancer.
asthma allergy
 The right medications for Asthma depend on a number of things, including age,  symptoms, asthma triggers and what seems to work best to keep the asthma under control. Preventive, long-term control medications reduce the inflammation in the airways that leads to symptoms. Quick-relief inhalers (bronchodilators) quickly open swollen airways that are limiting breathing. Types of long-term control medications include: Inhaled corticosteroids.  These medications include fluticasone, budesonide, mometasone, ciclesonide, flunisolide, beclomethasone and others.

Leukotriene modifiers are oral medications (including montelukast , zafirlukast and zileutonhelp relieve asthma symptoms for up to 24 hour. These medication may have more severe side effects.

Long-acting beta agonists are inhaled medications, which include salmeterol and formoterol, open the airways and reduce inflammation.

Some research shows that thesse may increase the risk of a severe asthma attack, so take them only in combination with an inhaled corticosteroid.

Combination inhalers are medications such as fluticasone-salmeterol, budesonide-formoterol and mometasone-formoterol which contain a long-acting beta agonist along with a corticosteroid.

Because these combination inhalers contain long-acting beta agonists, they may increase the risk of having a severe asthma attack.

 A variety of asthma inhalers are available to help control asthma symptoms in adults and children.

Theophylline is a daily pill that helps keep the airways open (bronchodilator) by relaxing the muscles around the airways. It's not used as often now as in past years.



 Most asthma medications can be safely used during pregnancy. 

Not all medications are  approved for use in children by the FDA, but the doctor may prescribe them based on judgment of what\'s likely to work best for the child.
asthma allergy
 Asthma is a chronic disease that affects the airways. This can cause wheezing, coughing, chest tightness and trouble breathing, especially early in the morning or at night. Asthma is treated with two kinds of medicines: quick-relief medicines to stop asthma symptoms and long-term control medicines to prevent symptoms. 

 Quick-relief medications are used as needed for rapid, short-term symptom relief during an asthma attack such as Short-acting beta agonists. When inhaled, quick-relief bronchodilators act within minutes to rapidly ease symptoms during an asthma attack. 

Many people with asthma need to take long-term control medications on a daily basis. Oral and intravenous corticosteroids such as prednisone and methylprednisolone relieve airway inflammation caused by severe asthma. They can cause serious side effects when used long term, so they're used only on a short-term basis to treat severe asthma symptoms. 

Regular use of inhaled corticosteroids helps keep asthma attacks and other problems linked to poorly controlled asthma in check.  In children, long-term use of inhaled corticosteroids may slightly delay growth, but the benefits of using these medications to maintain good asthma control generally outweigh their risks. Some inhaled asthma medication combinations contain both a corticosteroid and a bronchodilator.

 As with other LABA medications, these inhalers may increase your risk of having a severe asthma attack and should be used with caution.

Allergy medications may help if asthma is triggered or worsened by allergies. Over time, allergy shots gradually reduce the immune system reaction to specific allergens.


asthma allergy
 Quick-relief (rescue) medications are used as needed for rapid, short-term symptom relief during an asthma attack  or before exercise if your doctor recommends it. Types of quick-relief medications include:  Short-acting beta agonists. These inhaled, quick-relief bronchodilators act within minutes to rapidly ease symptoms during an asthma attack. Short-acting beta agonists can be taken using a portable, hand-held inhaler or a nebulizer  a machine that converts asthma medications to a fine mist, so they can be inhaled through a face mask or a mouthpiece. Like other bronchodilators, ipratropium acts quickly to immediately relax your airways, making it easier to breathe. Ipratropium is mostly used for emphysema and chronic bronchitis, but it\'s sometimes used to treat asthma attacks. Oral and intravenous corticosteroids. These medications  which include prednisone and methylprednisolone  relieve airway inflammation caused by severe asthma. They can cause serious side effects when used long term, so they\'re used only on a short-term basis to treat severe asthma symptoms. If you have an asthma flare-up, a quick-relief inhaler can ease your symptoms right away. But if your long-term control medications are working properly, you shouldn\'t need to use your quick-relief inhaler very often. Keep a record of how many puffs you use each week. If you need to use your quick-relief inhaler more often than your doctor recommends, see your doctor.
asthma allergy
Asthma is a chronic  lung disease that inflames and narrows the airways. In asthma, the inside walls of airways tubes become sore and swollen and the lungs do not get enough air. Cells in the airways may make more mucus than normal. This chain reaction can result in asthma symptoms. Symptoms may include wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath, and coughing. When symptoms get more intense and additional symptoms occur, this is an asthma attack. Severe attacks may require emergency care, and they can cause death.

Allergy-induced asthma is triggered by exposure to an allergen in the environment  such as pollen, dust mites and pet dander. In some people, skin or food allergies can cause asthma symptoms. An allergic response occurs when immune system chemicals (antibodies) mistakenly identify a harmless substance such as tree pollen as a dangerous invader. In an attempt to protect the body from the substance, antibodies attack the allergen. Some treatment can reduce both asthma and allergy symptoms, but most are designed to treat either one or the other. Allergy shots can help treat asthma by gradually reducing the  immune system response to certain allergy triggers. 

A hygiene hypothesis assumes that the Western lifestyle which emphasises hygiene and sanitation has resulted in changes in living conditions and an overall decline in infections in early childhood. This affects the way that young children's immune systems develop, and it may increase their risk for atopy and asthma. 

Asthma is treated with two kinds of medicines: quick-relief to stop asthma symptoms and long-term control to prevent symptoms. 
asthma allergy
Asthma is a chronic lung disease that inflames and narrows the airways. Asthma causes recurring periods of wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath, and coughing.

Allergies occur when the immune system reacts to a foreign substance such as pollen, bee venom or pet dander. Inflaming the: skin, sinuses, airways or digestive system.

Allergies and asthma often occur together. Indoor allergens and irritants play a significant role in triggering asthma attacks. Allergic asthma is characterized by symptoms that are triggered by an allergic reaction. Exposure to dust mites can cause asthma in children who have not previously exhibited asthma symptoms. Allergic asthma is airway obstruction and inflammation that is partially reversible with medication. It is the most common form of asthma, affecting over 50% of the 20 million asthma sufferers.Over 2.5 million children under age 18 suffer from it.

Atopic dermatitis is a common, often long-lasting skin disease that affects a large percentage of the world's population.  It is a special type of allergic hypersensitivity that includes a triad of conditions that includes asthma, inhalant allergies, and a chronic dermatitis.

Some treatment can reduce both asthma and allergy symptoms, but most are designed to treat either one or the other. Montelukast (Singulair) is a medication that eases both allergy and asthma symptoms. Allergy shots can help treat asthma by gradually reducing the immune system response to certain allergy triggers. Recognizing and avoiding the allergic substances that trigger the symptoms is the most important step. 

   
asthma allergy
Allergies and asthma often occur together. The same substances that trigger your hay fever symptoms may also cause asthma signs and symptoms such as shortness of breath, wheezing and chest tightness. This is called allergic asthma or allergy-induced asthma. Substances such as pollen, dust mites and pet dander are common triggers. 



In some people, skin or food allergies can cause asthma symptoms. 

Dogs, cats, rodents (including hamsters and guinea pigs) and other warm-blooded mammals can trigger asthma in individuals with an allergy to animal dander. Some people develop asthma because of contact with certain chemical irritants or industrial dusts in the workplace. This type of asthma is called occupational asthma. 



Some treatment can reduce both asthma and allergy symptoms, but most are designed to treat either one or the other. 

If your asthma symptoms are clearly related to allergens, and you can\'t avoid exposure to those allergens, your doctor may advise you to get allergy shots. Allergy shots can help treat asthma by gradually reducing your immune system response to certain allergy triggers. However, recognizing and avoiding the allergic substances that trigger your symptoms is the most important step you can take. 



Asthma is a long-term disease that has no cure. Symptoms of asthma or allergy also may improve on their own as an illness (like a cold or flu) runs its course. Hypnosis might give people with asthma or allergies more self-discipline to follow good health practices.  


asthma allergy
 Most, but not all, people who have asthma have allergies. Allergens Animal Dander Allergies occur when your immune system reacts to a foreign substance such as pollen, bee venom or pet dander.This is called allergic asthma or allergy-induced asthma. Allergies and asthma often occur together.  Common allergy triggers include:  Airborne allergens, such as pollen, animal dander, dust mites and mold Certain foods, particularly peanuts, tree nuts, wheat, soy, fish, shellfish, eggs and milk Insect stings, such as bee stings or wasp stings Medications, particularly penicillin or penicillin-based antibiotics Latex or other substances you touch, which can cause allergic skin reactions. Allergies and asthma often occur together. This is called allergic asthma or allergy-induced asthma. The same substances that trigger your hay fever symptoms may also cause asthma signs and symptoms such as shortness of breath, wheezing and chest tightness. In many cases, asthma is triggered by exposure to an allergen in the environment (allergy-induced asthma). If you have an allergy, you're more likely to have asthma  an immune system reaction that affects the airways and breathing.  In many cases, asthma is triggered by exposure to an allergen in the environment (allergy-induced asthma). A few treatments can help with both conditions.
asthma allergy
 Molds are microscopic fungi that live on plant and animal matter. Molds can be found almost anywhere when moisture is present. Mold spores float through the indoor and outdoor air continually. For people sensitive to molds, inhaling mold spores can trigger an asthma attack.  Mold is among the most hazardous household substances for people with allergies and asthma. They also can reach the lungs, to cause asthma or another serious illness called allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. If you have an allergy, you\'re more likely to have asthma  an immune system reaction that affects the airways and breathing. In many cases, asthma is triggered by exposure to an allergen in the environment (allergy-induced asthma). How To Control Things That Make Your Asthma Worse: Indoor Mold Fix leaky faucets, pipes, or other sources of water that have mold around them. Clean moldy surfaces with a cleaner that has bleach in it. Stay indoors with windows closed from late morning to afternoon, if you can. Clean damp areas in the bath, kitchen and around the house to keep mold spores from developing. Get rid of moldy leaves or damp firewood in the yard.
asthma allergy
  An allergy is triggered when the immune system mistakes a normally harmless substance for a dangerous invader. The immune system produces antibodies that are always on the alert for your particular allergen. When you\'re exposed to the allergen again in the future, these antibodies release a number of immune system chemicals, such as histamine, that cause allergy symptoms.Researchers think some genetic and environmental factors interact to cause asthma, most often early in life including:  hereditary (from parents), tendency (atopy), respiratory infections, exposure or contact to some airborne allergens or viral infections in early childhood,  exposure to irritants.

The same factors may affect people differently. 

Researchers explore Hygiene Hypothesis which claims that the hygienic lifestyle of the west reduce the exposure of children to infections and therefore the immune system is not practiced and tends to develop allergies. 



 Indoor allergies (perennial allergic rhinitis [PAR]/nasal allergies) occur when allergens that are commonly found indoors are inhaled into the nose and the lungs causing allergic reactions. Other common triggers include:  Airborne allergens (pollen, animal dander, dust mites and mold) Certain foods, particularly peanuts, tree nuts, wheat, soy, fish, shellfish, eggs and milk. Insect stings, such as bee stings or wasp stings, Certain proteins are found in cockroach feces and saliva and can cause allergic reactions or trigger asthma. Medications, particularly penicillin or penicillin-based antibiotics Latex or other substances you touch, which can cause allergic skin reactions. Smoke from wood-burning stoves and fireplaces contain a mixture of harmful gases and small particles.
asthma allergy
An allergy starts when the immune system mistakes a normally harmless substance for a dangerous invader and produces antibodies that are always on the alert for your particular allergen. When you're exposed to the allergen again in the future, these antibodies release a number of immune system chemicals, such as histamine, that cause allergy symptoms. Having an allergy increases the risk of certain medical problems, such as a runny nose, sneezing, itching, rashes, swelling, including Asthma (an immune system reaction that affects the airways and breathing). In many cases, allergies and asthma often occur together. So, If you have an allergy, you're more likely to have asthma. Asthma is triggered by exposure to an allergen in the environment (called allergy-induced asthma or allergic asthma). Allergic asthma is the most common form of asthma, affecting over 50% of the 20 million asthma sufferers. Substances such as pollen, dust mites, mold and pet dander are common triggers. In some people, skin or food allergies can cause asthma symptoms. The severity of allergies varies from person to person and can range from minor irritation to anaphylaxis a potentially life-threatening emergency. If you have asthma, you may react to just one trigger or you may find that several things act as triggers. With today's knowledge and treatments, most people who have asthma are able to manage the disease. However, recognizing and avoiding the allergic substances that trigger your symptoms is the most important step you can take.
asthma allergy
 Asthma is a chronic disease that affects your airways. Your airways are tubes that carry air in and out of your lungs. If you have asthma, the inside walls of your airways become sore and swollen. That makes them very sensitive, and they may react strongly to things that you are allergic to or find irritating. When your airways react, they get narrower and your lungs get less air. This can cause wheezing, coughing, chest tightness and trouble breathing, especially early in the morning or at night. When your asthma symptoms become worse than usual, it's called an asthma attack .The exact cause of asthma isn't known, Different factors may be more likely to cause asthma in some people  than in others.Researchers think some genetic and environmental factors interact to cause asthma, most often early in life. These factors include: An inherited tendency to develop allergies, called atopy (AT-o-pe), Parents who have asthma, Certain respiratory infections during childhood, Contact with some airborne allergens or exposure to some viral infections in infancy or in early childhood when the immune system is developing. If you have asthma, you may react to just one trigger or you may find that several things act as triggers. (Triggers are things that can cause asthma symptoms)  If you have asthma, you may react to just one trigger or you may find that several things act as triggers. Some common triggers are: Getting a cold or flu Pollen, dust and animals (especially cats) Cold weather, Smoking, Exercise.   
asthma allergy
What Is Mold Allergy? Mold and mildew are fungi. They differ from plants or animals in how they reproduce and grow. The "seeds" called spores, are spread by the wind outdoors and by air indoors. Some spores are released in dry, windy weather and others are released with the fog or dew when humidity is high. Inhaling the spores causes allergic reactions in some people. Although there are many types of molds, only a few dozen cause allergic reactions.

Mold spores can deposit on the lining of the nose and cause high fever symptoms.They also can reach the lungs, to cause asthma or another serious illness called allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. It is common for people to be at greater risk of developing mold allergy if they or other family members are allergic to substances such as pollen or animal dander or if their occupations includ more exposure to mold (for example: Farmers, dairymen, loggers, bakers, mill workers, carpenters, greenhouse employees, wine makers and furniture repairers). The symptoms of mold allergy are very similar to the symptoms of other allergies, such as sneezing, itching, nasal discharge, congestion and dry, scaling skin. In some people with allergy, irritation alone can cause a reaction. To diagnose an allergy to mold or fungi, the doctor will take a complete medical history, skin tests and use the physical examination all together. How Is Mold Allergy Treated? As with most allergies, patients should take some actions to avoid contact with the spores (for example: Wear a dust mask when cutting grass, digging around plants, picking up leaves, disturbing other plant materials and reduce the humidity indoors to 35%). 
asthma allergy
 Molds are microscopic fungi that live on plant and animal matter. When mold spores land on damp places indoors, they may begin growing.

 Mold can trigger asthma attacks and allergic reactions (such as hay fever or eczema), and cause health problems in people without those conditions. Mold grows in humid, damp environments, so the best way to prevent and control indoor mold is to keep your home as dry and ventilated as possible. Mold spores can deposit on the lining of the nose and cause hay fever symptoms. They also can reach the lungs, to cause asthma or another serious illness called allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis.



The symptoms of mold allergy are very similar to the symptoms of other allergies, such as sneezing, itching, nasal discharge, congestion and dry, scaling skin. Some people with mold allergies may have symptoms the entire summer because of outdoor molds or year-round if symptoms are due to indoor molds. 



For diagnosis doctors use patient's medical history, skin testing results, and physical examination.  



Prognosis: Allergies cannot be cured, symptoms of the allergy can be reduced by avoiding contact with the spores. Mold quantity in the air can measured help  the carrier decide if to stay in a place.



Treatment: avoid contact with the spores, wear a dust mask when exposure may occur, reduce the humidity indoors. Medications include antihistamines and decongestants, or prescribed non-sedating antihistamines if continuous consumption of antihistamines cause drowsiness. For moderate and severe allergy symptoms, your doctor may prescribe corticosteroid nasal sprays. 
asthma allergy
 Asthma is commonly divided into two types: allergic (extrinsic) asthma and non-allergic (intrinsic) asthma. Researchers think a combination of factors (family genes and certain environmental exposures) interact to cause asthma. Asthma triggers are different from person to person and can include:  Airborne allergens, such as pollen, animal dander, mold, cockroaches and dust mites Allergic reactions to some foods, such as peanuts or shellfish Respiratory infections, such as the common cold Physical activity (exercise-induced asthma) Cold air Air pollutants and irritants, such as smoke Certain medications, including beta blockers, aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin, others) and naproxen (Aleve) Strong emotions and stress Sulfites and preservatives added to some types of foods and beverages Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), a condition in which stomach acids back up into your throat Menstrual cycle in some women. If you have an allergy, you\'re more likely to have asthma  an immune system reaction that affects the airways and breathing.
asthma allergy
Allergic (extrinsic) asthma is characterized by symptoms that are triggered by an allergic reaction; it is an airway obstruction and inflammation that is partially reversible with medication.

Asthma, a chronic lung disease, inflames and narrows the airways that react and tighten strongly to certain substances that are breathed in. Cells in the airways make more mucus than normal. Symptoms may include wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath, and coughing, can be mild or can get worse and intense, and cause an asthma attack which require emergency care, and can even cause death. It is more common in childhood and tends to affect boys more than girls.

Allergies and asthma often occur together. Substances such as pollen, dust mites and pet dander are common triggers. In some people, skin or food allergies can cause asthma symptoms.

 An allergic response occurs when immune system chemicals (antibodies) mistakenly identify a harmless substance such as tree pollen as a dangerous invader. The chemicals released by your immune system lead to allergy signs and symptoms, such as nasal congestion, runny nose, itchy eyes or skin reactions. For some people, this same reaction also affects the lungs and airways, leading to asthma symptoms. Some treatment can reduce both asthma and allergy symptoms, but most are designed to treat either one or the other. However, recognizing and avoiding the allergic substances that trigger symptoms is the most important step to take.

Allergy medications include oral and nasal spray antihistamines and decongestants as well as corticosteroid and cromolyn nasal sprays.  
asthma allergy
Asthma is a chronic (long-term), non-curable lung disease that inflames and narrows the airways. This makes the airways swollen and very sensitive. The airways tend to react strongly to certain substances that are breathed in. When the airways react, the muscles around them tighten the airways narrow and less air flows to the lungs. The swelling also can worsen the airways condition, by making them even narrower. As of 2009, 300 million people worldwide were affected by asthma leading to approximately 250,000 deaths per year. More boys have asthma than girls, but more women have it than men. For some people, asthma is a minor nuisance and for others it can be a major problem that interferes with daily activities and may lead to a life-threatening asthma attack. What Causes Asthma? The exact cause of asthma is unknown. Researchers think some genetic and environmental factors interact to cause asthma, most often early in life. These factors include: An inherited tendency to develop allergies, called atopy (AT-o-pe), Parents who have asthma, Certain respiratory infections during childhood, Contact with some airborne allergens or exposure to some viral infections in infancy or in early childhood when the immune system is developing If asthma or atopy runs in your family, exposure to irritants (for example, tobacco smoke), Having a mother who smoked while pregnant, Being overweight, Exposure to pollution, Exposure to occupational triggers (such as chemicals used in farming), hairdressing and manufacturing, Low birth weight, animal dander, dust mites and mold Certain foods, Insect stings, Medications, Latex or other substances you touch, which can cause allergic skin reactions. However, more research is needed to determine what role they may play in developing asthma. 
asthma allergy
 Allergic asthma is the most common form of asthma, affecting over 50% of the 20 million asthma sufferers.Over 2.5 million children under age 18 suffer from allergic asthma. Many of the symptoms of allergic and non-allergic asthma are the same (coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath or rapid breathing, and chest tightness). However, allergic asthma is triggered by inhaled allergens such as dust mite allergen, pet dander, pollen, mold, etc. resulting in asthma symptoms. An allergic response occurs when immune system chemicals (antibodies) mistakenly identify a harmless substance as a dangerous invader. In an attempt to protect your body from the substance, antibodies attack the allergen. The chemicals released by your immune system lead to allergy signs and symptoms, such as nasal congestion, runny nose, itchy eyes or skin reactions. For some people, this same reaction also affects the lungs and airways, leading to asthma symptoms. Common allergy triggers include:  Airborne allergens, animal dander, dust mites and mold. Certain foods, Insect stings and certain Medications. While allergies can't be cured, a number of treatments can help relieve your allergy symptoms. A few treatments can help with both conditions. For example:  Leukotriene modifier- a daily pill that helps control your immune system chemicals released during an allergic reaction, Allergy shots (immunotherapy) that can help treat asthma by gradually reducing your immune system response to certain allergy triggers. Your immune system builds up a tolerance to the allergens over time, and your allergic reactions diminish. In turn, asthma symptoms decrease as well.
asthma allergy
 Molds are microscopic fungi that live on plant and animal matter. They among the most hazardous household substances for people with allergies and asthma. Fungi differ from plants or animals in how they reproduce and grow. Their "seeds", called spores, are spread by the wind outdoors and by air indoors.  Some spores are released in dry, windy weather. Others are released with the fog or dew when humidity is high. Inhaling the spores can trigger asthma attacks and allergic reactions (such as hay fever or eczema), and it can even cause health problems in people without those conditions. Allergic symptoms from fungus spores are most common from July to late summer, But with fungi growing in so many places, allergic reactions can occur year round. The symptoms are very similar to the symptoms of other allergies, such as sneezing, itching, nasal discharge, congestion and dry, scaling skin.  It is common for people to get mold allergy if they or other family members are allergic to substances such as pollen or animal dander. Some people with mold allergies may have allergy symptoms the entire summer because of outdoor molds or year-round if symptoms are due to indoor molds. Molds can reach the lungs, to cause asthma or another serious illness called allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. Sometimes the reaction is immediate, and sometimes the reaction is delayed. Symptoms often worsen in a damp or moldy room such as a basement; this may suggest mold allergy.
asthma allergy
 Having asthma doesn\'t mean you have to be less active. Treatment can prevent asthma attacks and control symptoms during activity. If you already know you have EIA, or chronic asthma here is some advice to help prevent symptoms: Take two puffs of your blue reliever inhaler before warming up Do some warm-up exercise e.g. gentle exercises and stretching for 5-10 minutes. This will help to increase your heart and breathing rates gradually lessening the effects of the cold air Now you are ready to start  If you experience symptoms during playing sport/exercising: STOP and take some slow, deep breaths Take four puffs of blue inhaler (one at a time), using a spacer if accessible Return to activity if you are free of symptoms  If your symptoms continue or return after your recommence, repeat inhaler instructions and see a doctor as soon as possible. If you exercise in cold temperatures, wear a face mask to warm the air you breathe. Being active is important for people with asthma as it helps in the management of the condition. Exercise helps to strengthen the muscles used for breathing, and over time may even help to improve your EIA symptoms. Inspiratory muscle training This technique helps strengthen lung muscles with a series of breathing exercises. Breathing exercises Breathing techniques for asthma have been around for years, but many health providers remain skeptical about them. Nonetheless, in a number of studies, people who did breathing exercises reported improved symptoms.
asthma allergy
The symptoms with which chronic asthma presents are cough, breathlessness, chest tightness, or wheezing and are caused by the airways in the lungs narrowing. In addition to chronic asthma another condition is Exercise Induced Asthma or (EIA) when physical activities is the only trigger causing narrowing of the airways, and producing the symptoms of asthma.

 Exercise Induced Asthma Exercise induced asthma is a relatively common problem that can go undiagnosed, as some attribute their symptoms to being unfit.    During exercise it is necessary to breath through our mouths, enabling us to acquire the large amounts of air needed to sustain the increased level of energy. In susceptible airways when we breathe air that is unfiltered, dry and cold it causes bronchoconstriction (narrowing of the airways), producing the symptoms of asthma chest tightness, wheeze/cough and breathlessness. Being active is important for people with asthma as it helps in the management of the condition. Exercise helps to strengthen the muscles used for breathing, and over time may even help to improve EIA symptoms. Frequent or severe symptoms due to physical activity may suggest poorly controlled asthma and the need to either start or increase long-term control medicines that reduce inflammation. This will help prevent exercise-related symptoms. Easing into physical activity with a warmup period may be helpful. If you use your asthma medicines as your doctor directs, you should be able to take part in any physical activity or sport you choose.
asthma allergy
 Exercise Induced Asthma Exercise induced asthma is a relatively common problem that can go undiagnosed, as some attribute their symptoms to being unfit. During exercise it is necessary to breath through our mouths, enabling us to acquire the large amounts of air needed to sustain the increased level of energy. In susceptible airways when we breathe air that is unfiltered, dry and cold it causes bronchoconstriction (narrowing of the airways), producing the symptoms of asthma chest tightness, wheeze/cough and breathlessness. If you have any of these symptoms during or after playing sport or exercising/activities, you may be experiencing EIA: Shortness of breath a few minutes after starting to exercise/play sport Tight feeling in chest while playing a sport/ exercising/active Stopping exercise/sport/activity because you feel unwell Wheezing and/or coughing  If you think you may have any of the signs of EIA and have not been diagnosed with asthma, please contact your family doctor for advice. Being active is important for people with asthma as it helps in the management of the condition. Exercise helps to strengthen the muscles used for breathing, and over time may even help to improve your EIA symptoms. If you have chronic asthma it is important that you participate in sports/exercise to help in the management of asthma. If you already know you have EIA, or chronic asthma here is some advice to help prevent symptoms: Take two puffs of your blue reliever inhaler before warming up Do some warm-up exercise e.g. gentle exercises and stretching for 5-10 minutes.
asthma allergy
The treatment for Atopic termatits varies and depends on the severity of your case and your age. Tacrolimus and pimecrolimus ointments are powerful topical medicated creams that are used for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. They are not particularly effective in patients with severe disease and are best used on the faces of children.For mild to moderate dermatitis in older children (over 12 years old) and adults Phototherapy is sometime used. Its a treatment with light that uses ultraviolet A or B light waves or a combination of both. Photochemotherapy, a combination of ultraviolet light therapy and a drug called psoralen, can also be used in cases that are resistant to phototherapy alone. Oral antihistamines, such as Benadryl or Atarax, can be used to treat itch associated with atopic dermatitis. However, that they can cause sleepiness and may not help in all cases.For more severe falers of atopic dermatitis, Oral corticosteroids, such as prednisone, prednisolone, and medrol, may be used. They are used if the rash covers a large part of the body and face, but they are often prescribed for a short course (5 days) to calm the rash due to numerous side effects. For more mild cases, Shampoos and soaps containing coal tar can help but use should stop immediately if there is any increase in itching or redness of the rash. if you have a bacterial skin infection or an open sore or fissure caused by scratching,  You may need antibiotics.
asthma allergy
Many of the medications used to treat Atopic dermatitis have side effects that are important to know about. Oral antihistamines, such as Benadryl (diphenhydramine) or Atarax (hydroxyzine), are used to treat itch associated with atopic dermatitis can cause sleepiness and may not help in all cases of atopic dermatitis. Antihistamine creams should not be used on atopic dermatitis rashes because they contain chemicals that can actually worsen the rash. Possible side effects for Corticosteroids include:  Thinning of the skin, Skin infections Growth suppression in children (with long-term oral prednisone), Stretch marks on the skin,  Possible side effects for Nonsteroidal Topical Immunomodulators include:  Temporary mild warmth, burning, or itching  Side effects for Antihistamines include:  Drowsiness, Dry mouth, nose, or throat.    Corticosteroids can be absorbed through the skin and cause problems throughout the body. Side effects include headache, indigestion, increased appetite, restlessness, and increased risk of infection.Using topical corticosteroids on the face can result in enlarged blood vessels (telangiectasias), bruising, acne, and stretch marks (striae).     Coal tar, actually made by melting coal, that has long been a treatment for a variety of skin, can be very irritating to already inflamed skin.Long term Light therapy,Though effective, has many harmful effects, including premature skin aging and an increased risk of skin cancer. 
asthma allergy
Treatments for atopic dermatitis (eczema) aim to reduce inflammation, relieve itching and prevent future flare-ups. Over-the-counter (nonprescription) anti-itch creams and other self-care measures may help control mild atopic dermatitis. An example for nonprescription cream is low-potency corticosteroid creams, but you should always talk to your doctor before using any topical corticosteroid. Your doctor may recommend prescription corticosteroid creams or ointments to ease scaling and relieve itching. There are side effects of long-term or repeated use of these creams. You may need antibiotics if you have a bacterial skin infection or an open sore or fissure caused by scratching. Your doctor may recommend taking antibiotics for a short time to treat an infection or for longer periods of time to reduce bacteria on your skin and to prevent recurrent infections. If itching is severe, oral antihistamines may help, such as Benadryl (diphenhydramine) or Atarax (hydroxyzine). For more severe cases, your doctor may prescribe oral corticosteroids, such as prednisone, or an intramuscular injection of corticosteroids to reduce inflammation and to control symptoms. These medications are effective, but can't be used long term because of potential serious side effects. A class of medications called immunomodulators, such as tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel), affect the immune system and may help maintain normal skin texture and reduce flares of atopic dermatitis. This prescription-only medications is approved for children older than 2 and for adults. They are not particularly effective in patients with severe disease, with possible concerns about their effect on the immune system and are best used on the faces of children. There is also the possibility to get allergy shots, but usually they aren't successful in treating atopic dermatitis.
asthma allergy
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin. It is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another. The word dermatitis means inflammation of the skin. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, and finally, crusting and scaling. In most cases, there are periods of time when the disease is worse (called exacerbations or flares) followed by periods when the skin improves or clears up entirely (called remissions). As some children with atopic dermatitis grow older, their skin disease improves or disappears altogether, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood. Atopic dermatitis is often referred to as eczema, which is a general term for the several types of inflammation of the skin. Atopic dermatitis is the most common of the many types of eczema.
asthma allergy
There are some side effects of different medications. Topical corticosteroids include the following: A burning sensation, itching, irritation, dryness, or redness may develop in the area where the medicine is applied. Using topical corticosteroids on the face can result in enlarged blood vessels (telangiectasias), bruising, acne, and stretch marks (striae). With long-term use, high-strength topical corticosteroids cause temporary thinning of the skin, making it more easily irritated. But when used carefully and mostly in low-strength doses, topical corticosteroids can be used for up to 10 years without severe side effects. Corticosteroids can be absorbed through the skin and cause problems throughout the body. Side effects include headache, indigestion, increased appetite, restlessness, increased risk of infection, thinning of the skin, skin infections, growth suppression in children (with long-term oral prednisone), stretch marks on the skin, thinning of the bones, and suppression of the immune system. If your skin rash gets worse or if you have blurred vision, increased urination, excessive thirst, or mood changes, see your doctor. Side effects are associated with long-term use of corticosteroids. You and your doctor must watch for side effects and weigh them against the potential benefit of corticosteroid treatment. Though they may clear atopic dermatitis well, the side effects are too risky to warrant using them as a first-line treatment. Possible side effects for nonsteroidal topical immunomodulators include: temporary mild warmth, burning or itching. Side effects for antihistamines include: drowsiness (do not drive a car or operate heavy machinery until you know how these drugs affect you), dry mouth, nose or throat.  Antihistamine creams should not be used on atopic dermatitis rashes because they contain chemicals that can actually worsen the rash.
asthma allergy
 Atopic dermatitis is the most common of the many types of eczema. Its a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin. Its a distinct condition in persons who are genetically predisposed to developing immunoglobulin (Ig) E-mediated hypersensitivity reactions. Atopic dernatitis is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another. The word dermatitis means inflammation of the skin. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, and finally, crusting and scaling. In most cases, there are periods of time when the disease is worse (called exacerbations or flares) followed by periods when the skin improves or clears up entirely (called remissions).  Although atopic dermatitis can occur in any age, most often it affects infants and young children. In some the skin disease improves or disappears altogether with age, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood.  The cause of atopic dermatitis is not known, but the disease seems to result from a combination of genetic (hereditary) and environmental factors. There seems to be a basic hypersensitivity and an increased tendency toward itching. While emotional factors and stress may in some cases exacerbate or initiate the condition, they do not seem to be a primary or underlying cause for the disorder. 
asthma allergy
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin and a large percentage of the world's population. It is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another, unless they have active skin infections. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. Atopic dermatitis is often referred to as eczema, which is a general term for the several types of inflammation of the skin. Atopic dermatitis is the most common of the many types of eczema. In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. The cause of atopic dermatitis is not known, but the disease seems to result from a combination of genetic (hereditary) and environmental factors. A wide range of environmental factors, such as contact allergens, stress, food, skin flora and humidity, play roles in the development and severity of atopic dermatitis. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, and finally, crusting and scaling. In most cases, there are periods of time when the disease is worse (called exacerbations or flares) followed by periods when the skin improves or clears up entirely (called remissions). Although atopic dermatitis can occur in any age, most often it affects infants and young children. As some children with atopic dermatitis grow older, their skin disease improves or disappears altogether, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood. Self-care measures, such as avoiding soaps or other irritants and applying creams or ointments, can help relieve itching. Tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel) ointments are powerful and expensive topical medicated creams (drugs that are applied to the skin) that are used for the treatment of atopic dermatitis.
asthma allergy
Corticosteroid creams or ointments. Your doctor may recommend prescription corticosteroid creams or ointments to ease scaling and relieve itching. Some low-potency corticosteroid creams are available without a prescription, but you should always talk to your doctor before using any topical corticosteroid. Side effects of long-term or repeated use can include skin irritation or discoloration, thinning of the skin, infections, and stretch marks on the skin. Antibiotics. You may need antibiotics if you have a bacterial skin infection or an open sore or fissure caused by scratching. Your doctor may recommend taking antibiotics for a short time to treat an infection or for longer periods of time to reduce bacteria on your skin and to prevent recurrent infections. Antibiotics. You may need antibiotics if you have a bacterial skin infection or an open sore or fissure caused by scratching. Your doctor may recommend taking antibiotics for a short time to treat an infection or for longer periods of time to reduce bacteria on your skin and to prevent recurrent infections. Oral antihistamines. If itching is severe, oral antihistamines may help. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl, others) can make you sleepy and may be helpful at bedtime. If your skin cracks open, your doctor may prescribe mildly astringent wet dressings to prevent infection. in severe cases your doctor may prescribe oral or injection Corticosteroid such as prednisone, or an intramuscular injection of corticosteroids to reduce inflammation and to control symptoms. those treatments have severe side effects. A class of medications called immunomodulators, such as tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel), affect the immune system and may help maintain normal skin texture.
asthma allergy
Oral antihistamines, such as Benadryl (diphenhydramine) or Atarax (hydroxyzine), can be used to treat itch associated with atopic dermatitis. It\'s important to note, however, that they can cause sleepiness and may not help in all cases of atopic dermatitis. Antihistamine creams should not be used on atopic dermatitis rashes because they contain chemicals that can actually worsen the rash. Oral corticosteroids, such as prednisone, prednisolone, and medrol, may be used for more severe flares of atopic dermatitis. They are used if the rash covers a large part of the body and face. Oral steroids used long term have numerous side effects, including weight gain, thinning of the bones, and suppression of the immune system. Though they may clear atopic dermatitis well, the side effects are too risky to warrant using them as a first-line treatment. To avoid these side effects, but still benefit from the medication, oral steroids are often prescribed for a short course (5 days) to calm the rash. Topical steroids can then be used on the remaining rash. Coal tar, actually made by melting coal, has long been a treatment for a variety of skin conditions. Shampoos and soaps containing coal tar can help with mild cases of atopic dermatitis. Coal tar tends to work better on thickened skin that is not scaly, or to ease very early symptoms of itching. However, coal tar can be very irritating to already inflamed skin. It is OK to try coal tar for mild cases of atopic dermatitis, but use should stop immediately if there is any increase in itching or redness of the rash. 
asthma allergy
Breathing exercises Breathing techniques for asthma have been around for years, but many health providers remain skeptical about them. They don\'t seem to improve the underlying allergic reaction that causes asthma symptoms. Nonetheless, in a number of studies, people who did breathing exercises reported improved symptoms. Breathing methods vary, but generally involve learning to:  Take breaths less often Take slower breaths Breathe through your nose rather than your mouth Use your abdominal muscles to take deep \"belly breaths\" (diaphragmatic breathing) A few breathing techniques used for asthma include the Buteyko breathing technique and yoga breathing (pranayama). Inspiratory muscle training This technique helps strengthen lung muscles with a series of breathing exercises. It\'s sometimes used for other lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and after certain types of surgery. These exercises definitely strengthen the muscles of your lungs, but there\'s not enough proof to say whether they help with asthma. Massage and chiropractic treatment Although some claim that these treatments help, there\'s no evidence that physical manipulation of the spine or muscles reduces asthma symptoms. Relaxation therapy Relaxation therapy techniques include meditation, biofeedback, hypnosis and progressive muscle relaxation. It\'s unclear whether any of these techniques directly help with asthma, but they do seem to reduce stress and promote a sense of well-being.
asthma allergy
If you exercise in cold temperatures, wear a face mask to warm the air you breathe. To help prevent symptoms: Take two puffs of your blue reliever inhaler before warming up Do some warm-up exercise e.g. gentle exercises and stretching for 5-10 minutes. This will help to increase your heart and breathing rates gradually lessening the effects of the cold air Now you are ready to start  If you experience symptoms during playing sport/exercising: STOP and take some slow, deep breaths Take four puffs of blue inhaler (one at a time), using a spacer if accessible Return to activity if you are free of symptoms  If your symptoms continue or return after your recommence, repeat inhaler instructions and see a doctor as soon as possible.  At times, programs for students who have asthma may need to be temporarily modified, such as by varying the type, intensity, duration, and/or frequency of activity. At all times, students who have asthma should be included in activities as much as possible. The good news is that today\'s treatments can successfully control asthma so that most students can participate fully in regular school and childcare activities, including play, sports, and other physical activities.
asthma allergy
Exercise induced asthma is a relatively common problem that can go undiagnosed, as some attribute their symptoms to being unfit. It is considered as a non-allergic asthma, where the immune system is not involved in the reaction. Like allergic asthma, it is characterized by airway obstruction and inflammation that is at least partially reversible with medication.

In addition to chronic asthma another condition is Exercise Induced Asthma or (EIA) when physical activities is the only trigger causing narrowing of the airways, and producing the symptoms of asthma such as  cough, breathlessness, chest tightness, or wheezing.

During exercise it is necessary to breath through the mouth and the nose, enabling to acquire the large amounts of air needed to sustain the increased level of energy.

If susceptible airways is unfiltered, dry and cold it causes bronchoconstriction (narrowing of the airways), producing the symptoms of asthma chest tightness, wheeze/cough and breathlessness.

Sympthoms include shortness of breath a few minutes after starting to a strenuous physical activity or a tight feeling in chest which forces one to stop, wheezing and/or coughing.

Exercise provokes symptoms in most children with poorly controlled asthma, the student who has asthma symptoms with physical activity may need to be evaluated by his or her health care provider.

Even for a student who has exercise-induced asthma, the frequent use of quick-relief medication during or after exercise may signal the need to return to his or her health care provider to add a daily long-term control medication or to increase the dosage.
asthma allergy
Exercise Induced Asthma Exercise induced asthma is a relatively common problem that can go undiagnosed, as some attribute their symptoms to being unfit. To help you understand the condition and know how to manage it here are a few pointers. The symptoms with which chronic asthma presents are cough, breathlessness, chest tightness, or wheezing and are caused by the airways in the lungs narrowing. Many triggers cause chronic asthma e.g. colds, dust mites and exercise. In addition to chronic asthma another condition is Exercise Induced Asthma or (EIA) when physical activities is the only trigger causing narrowing of the airways, and producing the symptoms of asthma. What happens? When breathing normally air enters our lungs through the nose, where it is warmed, moistened, and filtered. During exercise it is necessary to breath through our mouths, enabling us to acquire the large amounts of air needed to sustain the increased level of energy. In susceptible airways when we breathe air that is unfiltered, dry and cold it causes bronchoconstriction (narrowing of the airways), producing the symptoms of asthma chest tightness, wheeze/cough and breathlessness. How will I know if I have EIA...? If you have any of these symptoms during or after playing sport or exercising/activities, you may be experiencing EIA: Shortness of breath a few minutes after starting to exercise/play sport Tight feeling in chest while playing a sport/ exercising/active Stopping exercise/sport/activity because you feel unwell Wheezing and/or coughing  If you think you may have any of the signs of EIA and have not been diagnosed with asthma, please contact your family doctor for advice.
asthma allergy
In addition to chronic asthma another condition is Exercise Induced Asthma or (EIA) when physical activities is the only trigger causing narrowing of the airways, and producing the symptoms of asthma. This condition is Non-Allergic (intrinsic) asthma that triggered by factors not related to allergies, in this case: exercise. Exercise induced asthma is a relatively common problem that can go undiagnosed, as some attribute their symptoms to being unfit. Exercise-induced asthma, may be worse when the air is cold so there is a need to use a quick-relief inhaler more often for some people. If you have any of these symptoms during or after playing sport or exercising/activities, you may be experiencing EIA: shortness of breath a few minutes after starting to exercise/play sport, tight feeling in chest while playing a sport/exercising/active, stopping exercise/sport/activity because you feel unwell Wheezing and/or coughing. If you think you may have any of the signs of EIA and have not been diagnosed with asthma, please contact your family doctor for advice. Being active is important for people with asthma as it helps in the management of the condition. Exercise helps to strengthen the muscles used for breathing, and over time may even help to improve your EIA symptoms.  Physical activity is an important part of a healthy lifestyle. Talk with your doctor about medicines that can help you stay active.
asthma allergy
Being active is important for people with asthma as it helps in the management of the condition.
Exercise helps to strengthen the muscles used for breathing, and over time may even help to improve your EIA symptoms.
It is important to participate in sports/exercise when there is chronic asthma, in order to help in the management of asthma.
Some advice to help prevent symptoms while exercising: two puffs of the blue reliever inhaler before warming up, some warm-up exercise e.g. gentle exercises and stretching for 5-10 minutes. This will help to increase the heart and breathing rates gradually lessening the effects of the cold air and only after that to start. If one experiences symptoms during playing sport/exercising, one should stop and take some slow, deep breaths, take four puffs of blue inhaler (one at a time), using a spacer if accessible, then return to activity if you are free of symptoms If your symptoms continue or return after your recommence, repeat inhaler instructions and see a doctor as soon as possible.

Inspiratory muscle training helps strengthen lung muscles with a series of breathing exercises.
It is s sometimes used for other lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and after certain types of surgery. Though, there's not enough proof to say whether they help with asthma.

	
asthma allergy
 Prevention and long-term control are key in stopping asthma attacks before they start. Treatment usually involves learning to recognize your triggers and taking steps to avoid them, and tracking your breathing to make sure your daily asthma medications are keeping symptoms under control. In case of an asthma flare-up, you may need to use a quick-relief inhaler, such as albuterol.  The right medications for you depend on a number of things, including your age, symptoms, your asthma triggers and what seems to work best to keep your asthma under control. Preventive, long-term control medications reduce the inflammation in your airways that leads to symptoms.They are taken daily and are the cornerstone of asthma treatment. Quick-relief inhalers (bronchodilators) quickly open swollen airways that are limiting breathing. In some cases, allergy medications are necessary. Long term medications keep asthma under control on a day-to-day basis and make it less likely to have an asthma attack. Types of long-term control medications include:  Inhaled corticosteroids. You may need to use these medications for several days to weeks before they reach their maximum benefit. Quick-relief medications are used as needed for rapid, short-term symptom relief during an asthma attack  or before exercise if your doctor recommends it. Types of quick-relief medications include:  Short-acting beta agonists. These inhaled, quick-relief bronchodilators act within minutes to rapidly ease symptoms during an asthma attack. But if your long-term control medications are working properly, you shouldn't need to use your quick-relief inhaler very often.
asthma allergy
 Corticosteroids are medicines that help prevent asthma symptoms occurring by reducing the inflammation in the airways. Cortisone, is part of a family of substances known as steroids which are produced by the body to help it function normally. Corticosteroids were developed from cortisone and are agents that decrease inflammation. The medication is used in several forms, to treat many different conditions. It reduces itching, swelling, redness, and allergic reactions, used in treating skin problems, severe allergies, asthma and arthritis. Inhaled corticosteroids are a maintenance medicine that helps to prevent severe asthma symptoms. They are prescribed for patients of all ages to treat different levels of persistent asthma. They work by dampening down the inflammation in the airways, and are the most effective agents for treating asthma. As a result, asthma symptoms and sudden acute attacks occur less often. To be effective, they need to be taken once or twice every day as prescribed by your doctor. They are of no benefit when used for symptoms, unlike bronchodilators, or when taken on an odd occasion. Common Corticosteroids: Beclozone (Beclomethasone), Flixotide (Fluticasone), Pulmicort (Budesonide). Some preventers may take 3 to 4 weeks to become effective others only take a few days, so it may take some time before you notice a difference in your your asthma. Some people on inhaled corticosteroids may have local side effects such as sore throat, husky voice, thrush (an infection) in the mouth. These side effects can be avoided by using a spacer.
asthma allergy
 A variety of asthma inhalers are available to help control asthma symptoms in adults and children. QUICK-RELIEF MEDICATIONS (also known as short-acting bronchodilators) are taken when needed for rapid, short-term relief of asthma symptoms. LONG-TERM CONTROL MEDICATIONS are usually taken daily to control underlying airway inflammation and thereby prevent asthma symptoms.Types of asthma inhalers include:  Metered dose inhalers. Dry powder inhaler. Metered dose inhaler with a spacer.  Take the medication exactly as prescribed. Don't stop taking the medication or adjust the dosage on your own. Types of quick-relief medications include:  Short-acting beta agonists. They include albuterol (ProAir HFA, Ventolin HFA, others), levalbuterol (Xopenex HFA) and pirbuterol (Maxair). Ipratropium (Atrovent). Ipratropium (Atrovent). Like other bronchodilators, ipratropium acts quickly to immediately relax your airways, making it easier to breathe. Oral and intravenous corticosteroids. Allergy medications may help if your asthma is triggered or worsened by allergies. Inhaled corticosteroids These anti-inflammatory drugs are the most effective and commonly used long-term control medications for asthma.
asthma allergy
Asthma is a chronic (longterm) lung disease that inflames and narrows the airways. it is can not be cured but its sympthoms can be controlled.  It is treated with two types of medicines:   long term control and quick relief medicines. Long term control medicines help reduce airway inflammation and prevent asthma symptoms. such medicine are doctor prescribes and should be taken daily. Quick relief, or rescue, medicines relieve asthma symptoms when they flare up. an inhaler is a common quick relief medicine. it is important to practice using your inhaler at the doctors office in order to learn the correct usage. Your initial asthma treatment will depend on how severe your disease is. The goal of asthma treatment is to control the disease and prevent asthma attacks. Good asthma control will: 	 Prevent chronic and troublesome symptoms, such as coughing and shortness of breath  	 Reduce your need for quick relief medicines  	 Help you maintain good lung function  	 Let you maintain your normal activity levels and sleep through the night 	 Prevent asthma attacks that could result in  your going to the emergency room or being admitted to the hospital for treatment  To reach this goal, you should actively partner with your doctor to manage the disease and create and follow an asthma action plan. With todays knowledge and treatments, most people who have asthma are able to manage the disease. They have few, if any, symptoms and can live normal, active lives.
asthma allergy
 Corticosteroids are medicines that help prevent asthma symptoms occurring by reducing the inflammation in the airways. Cortisone, is part of a family of substances known as steroids which are produced by the body to help it function normally. It reduces itching, swelling, redness, and allergic reactions, used in treating skin problems, severe allergies, asthma and arthritis. Inhaled corticosteroids are prescribed for patients of all ages to treat different levels of persistent asthma. To be effective, they need to be taken once or twice every day as prescribed by your doctor. Inhaled steroids are not addictive. The dose is carefully worked out according to you/your childs weight. Its best to give each dose of steroid with food in the morning, usually at breakfast time. Steroids given by mouth During severe acute asthma episodes you/your child may need a higher dose of corticosteroids to be taken by mouth. A larger dose of steroid taken this way allows the medicine to work faster. These anti-inflammatory drugs are the most effective and commonly used long-term control medications for asthma. Corticosteroids don't generally cause serious side effects. After you use it, rinse your mouth with water, gargle, and spit out. Corticosteroid creams or ointments. Your doctor may recommend prescription corticosteroid creams or ointments to ease scaling and relieve itching. Some people on inhaled corticosteroids may have local side effects such as: sore throat, husky voice, thrush (an infection) in the mouth. Inhaled steroids are not addictive.
asthma allergy
 Asthma is a longterm lung disease that cant be cured.It causes inflammation and narrowing of the airways, making them swollen and  very sensitive. That can result in asthma symptoms. Symptoms may include wheezing , chest tightness, shortness of breath, and coughing. When symptoms get more intense and/or additional symptoms occur, this is an asthma attack. Its important to treat symptoms when you first notice them. This will help prevent the symptoms from worsening and causing a severe asthma attack that may require emergency care, and can cause death.  Asthma is treated with two types of medicines:   longterm control and quickrelief medicines. Longterm control medicines help reduce airway inflammation and prevent asthma symptoms. Quickrelief, or rescue, medicines relieve asthma symptoms when they flare up. Your initial asthma treatment will depend on how severe your disease is. Followup asthma treatment will depend on how well your asthma action plan is working to control your symptoms and prevent asthma attacks. The goal of asthma treatment is to control the disease and prevent asthma attacks. Good asthma control will Prevent chronic and troublesome symptoms, such as shortness of breath, Reduce your need for quickrelief medicines, Let you maintain your normal activity levels and sleep through the night and will Prevent severe asthma attacks. To reach this goal, you should actively partner with your doctor to manage the disease and create and follow an asthma action plan. With todays knowledge and treatments, most people who have asthma are able to manage the disease.
asthma allergy
 The goal of asthma treatment is to control the disease and prevent asthma attacks. It is treated with two types of medicines: longterm control and quickrelief medicines. Longterm control medicines help reduce airway inflammation and prevent asthma symptoms. Quickrelief, or rescue, medicines relieve asthma symptoms when they flare up. An asthma action plan gives guidance on taking your medicines properly, avoiding factors that worsen your asthma, tracking your level of asthma control, responding to worsening asthma, and seeking emergency care when  needed. Good asthma control will: Prevent chronic and troublesome symptoms, such as coughing and shortness of breath Reduce your need for quickrelief medicines Help you maintain good lung function Let you maintain your normal activity levels and sleep through the night Prevent asthma attacks that could result in  your going to the emergency room or being admitted to the hospital for treatment  To reach this goal, you should actively partner with your doctor to manage the disease and create and follow an asthma action plan. Your initial asthma treatment will depend on how severe your disease is. Asthma can\'t be cured, but its symptoms can be controlled. Because asthma often changes over time, it\'s important that you work with your doctor to track your signs and symptoms and adjust treatment as needed.
asthma allergy
Most asthma medications are inhaled as sprays or powders and may be taken using metered-dose inhalers, dry powder inhalers, or nebulizers. A metered-dose inhaler is a pressurized canister that delivers a dose of medication and does not require deep and fast breathing (see Appendix 3 for instructions). A dry powder inhaler is another kind of inhaler that does require deep and fast breathing to get the medication into the lungs (see Appendix 4 for instructions). A nebulizer is a machine that turns liquid medication into a fine mist. Whichever delivery method is used, it is important for patient to take their medications correctly. LONG-TERM CONTROL MEDICATIONS are usually taken daily to control underlying airway inflammation and thereby prevent asthma symptoms. They can significantly reduce a patient need for quick-relief medication. Inhaled corticosteroids are the most effective long-term control medications for asthma. It is important to remember that inhaled corticosteroids are generally safe for long-term use when taken as prescribed. They are not addictive and are not the same as illegal anabolic steroids used by some athletes to build muscles. QUICK-RELIEF MEDICATIONS are taken when needed for rapid, short-term relief of asthma symptoms. They help stop asthma attacks by temporarily relaxing the muscles around the airways. However, they do nothing to treat the underlying airway inflammation that caused the symptoms to flare up. An additional use for quick-relief medications is the prevention of asthma symptoms in patients who have exercise-induced asthma. These patients may be directed  to take their quick-relief medication inhaler 5 minutes before physical activities.
asthma allergy
Corticosteroids were developed from cortisone and are agents that decrease inflammation. The medication is used in several forms, to treat many different conditions. It reduces itching, swelling, redness, and allergic reactions, used in treating skin problems, severe allergies, asthma and arthritis. Although corticosteroids are part of the steroid family they are not the same as the anabolic steroids some athletes and body-builders use to enhance their muscles and gain strength. Anabolic steroids can have serious side effects. Inhaled corticosteroids are prescribed for patients of all ages to treat different levels of persistent asthma. They work by dampening down the inflammation in the airways, and are the most effective agents for treating asthma. As a result, asthma symptoms and sudden acute attacks occur less often. To be effective, they need to be taken once or twice every day as prescribed by your doctor. They are of no benefit when used for symptoms, unlike bronchodilators or when taken on an odd occasion. Inhaled corticosteroids are a maintenance medicine that helps to prevent severe asthma symptoms. Common Corticosteroids:      Beclozone (Beclomethasone)\     Flixotide (Fluticasone)     Pulmicort (Budesonide)   Some preventers may take 3 to 4 weeks to become effective others only take a few days, so it may take some time before you notice a difference in your childs or your asthma. You may also notice that the blue inhaler is not needed as often.
asthma allergy
Treating atopic dermatitis in infants and children Give brief, lukewarm baths. Apply an emollient immediately following the bath. Keep a child\'s fingernails filed short. Select soft cotton fabrics when choosing clothing. Consider using antihistamines to reduce scratching at night. Keep the child cool; avoid situations where overheating occurs. Learn to recognize skin infections and seek treatment promptly. Attempt to distract the child with activities to keep him or her from scratching. 
Tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel) ointments are powerful and expensive topical medicated creams (drugs that are applied to the skin) that are used for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. They are not particularly effective in patients with severe disease and are best used on the faces of children. Phototherapy is treatment with light that uses ultraviolet A or B light waves or a combination of both. This treatment can be an effective treatment for mild to moderate dermatitis in older children (over 12 years old) and adults. Photochemotherapy, a combination of ultraviolet light therapy and a drug called psoralen, can also be used in cases that are resistant to phototherapy alone. Possible long-term side effects of this treatment include premature skin aging and skin cancer. If the doctor thinks that phototherapy may be useful in treating the symptoms of atopic dermatitis, he or she will use the minimum exposure necessary and monitor the skin carefully.
asthma allergy
 Although atopic dermatitis can occur in any age, most often it affects infants and young children. Most children with atopic dermatitis enter into a permanent remission of the disease when they get older, although their skin may remain somewhat dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood. Treating atopic dermatitis in infants and children includes      Giving brief, lukewarm baths and Applying an emollient immediately following the bath, Keeping the child's fingernails filed short, Selecting soft cotton fabrics when choosing clothing. using antihistamines to reduce scratching at night should be considered. The parent should keep the child cool and avoid situations where overheating occurs. He should learn to recognize skin infections and seek treatment promptly. When a child has atopic dermatitis, the entire family situation may be affected. It is important that families have additional support to help them cope with the stress and frustration associated with the disease. The child may be fussy and difficult and often is unable to keep from scratching and rubbing the skin. Distracting the child and providing as many activities that keep the hands busy are key but require effort and work on the part of the parents or caregivers. The child may face difficulty in school or other social relationships and may need additional support and encouragement from family members.
asthma allergy
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin. It is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another through skin contact. There is generally no cause for concern in being around someone with even an active case of atopic dermatitis, unless they have active skin infections. The word dermatitis means inflammation of the skin. The term atopic is from the Greek meaning strange. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, and finally, crusting and scaling. In most cases, there are periods of time when the disease is worse (called exacerbations or flares) followed by periods when the skin improves or clears up entirely (called remissions). Atopic dermatitis is often referred to as eczema, which is a general term for the several types of inflammation of the skin. Atopic dermatitis is the most common of the many types of eczema. Although atopic dermatitis can occur in any age, most often it affects infants and young children. Occasionally, it may persist into adulthood or may actually appear at that time. Some patients tend to have a protracted course with various ups and downs. The cause of atopic dermatitis is unknown, but it may result from a combination of inherited tendencies for sensitive skin and malfunction in the body's immune system.
asthma allergy
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin. It is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another. The word dermatitis means inflammation of the skin. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, and finally, crusting and scaling. In most cases, there are periods of time when the disease is worse (called exacerbations or flares) followed by periods when the skin improves or clears up entirely (called remissions). As some children with atopic dermatitis grow older, their skin disease improves or disappears altogether, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood. Atopic dermatitis is often referred to as eczema, which is a general term for the several types of inflammation of the skin. Atopic dermatitis is the most common of the many types of eczema.
asthma allergy
 Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin. It is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another. The word dermatitis means inflammation of the skin. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. Atopic dermatitis affects a large percentage of the world's population.It is a special type of allergic hypersensitivity that includes a triad of conditions that includes asthma, inhalant allergies (hay fever), and a chronic dermatitis (eczema). In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, and finally, crusting and scaling. In most cases, there are periods of time when the disease is worse (called exacerbations or flares) followed by periods when the skin improves or clears up entirely (called remissions). As some children with atopic dermatitis grow older, their skin disease improves or disappears altogether, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood. Atopic dermatitis is the most common of the many types of eczema. There is a known hereditary component of the disease, and it is more common in affected families. Criteria that enable to diagnose it include the typical appearance and distribution of the rash in a patient with a personal or family history of asthma and/or hay fever.
asthma allergy
Atopic dermatitis most often begins in childhood before age 5 and may persist into adulthood. Most children with atopic dermatitis enter into a permanent remission of the disease when they get older, although their skin may remain somewhat dry and easily irritated.  For some, it flares periodically and then subsides for a time, even up to several years. Itching may be severe, and scratching the rash can make it even itchier and cause more inflammation. Once the skin barrier is broken, the skin can become infected by bacteria, especially Staphylococcus aureus, which commonly live on the skin. Breaking this itch-scratch cycle can be challenging. When atopic dermatitis occurs in infants, it's called infantile eczema. This condition may continue into childhood and adolescence. Infantile eczema often involves an oozing, crusting rash, mainly on the skin of the face and scalp, but it can occur anywhere. After infancy, the rash becomes dryer and tends to be red to brown-gray in color. In adolescence, the skin may be scaly or thickened and easily irritated. The intense itching may continue. As some children with atopic dermatitis grow older, their skin disease improves or disappears altogether, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood. A class of medications called immunomodulators, such as tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel), affect the immune system and may help maintain normal skin texture and reduce flares of atopic dermatitis. This prescription-only medication is approved for children older than 2 and for adults.
asthma causes
 Over-the-counter (nonprescription) anti-itch creams and other self-care measures may help control mild atopic dermatitis. Your doctor may recommend prescription corticosteroid creams or ointments to ease scaling and relieve itching. Some low-potency corticosteroid creams are available without a prescription, but you should always talk to your doctor before using any topical corticosteroid. If itching is severe, oral antihistamines may help. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl, others) can make you sleepy and may be helpful at bedtime. For more severe cases, your doctor may prescribe oral corticosteroids, such as prednisone, or an intramuscular injection of corticosteroids to reduce inflammation and to control symptoms. These medications are effective, but can\'t be used long term because of potential serious side effects. A class of medications called immunomodulators, such as tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel), affect the immune system and may help maintain normal skin texture and reduce flares of atopic dermatitis. This prescription-only medication is approved for children older than 2 and for adults. Due to possible concerns about the effect of these medications on the immune system when used for prolonged periods, the Food and Drug Administration recommends that Elidel and Protopic be used only when other treatments have failed or if someone can\'t tolerate other treatments. Many alternative therapies  including chamomile, evening-primrose oil, witch hazel extract and borage seed oil  have been touted as possible ways to treat atopic dermatitis (eczema). However, there\'s no conclusive evidence that any of these alternative therapies are effective.
asthma causes
  Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin. It is a common condition affecting approximately 17% of the population.  It is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. As some children with atopic dermatitis grow older, their skin disease improves or disappears altogether, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated.

 Treatments for atopic dermatitis (eczema) aim to reduce inflammation, relieve itching and prevent future flare-ups. Nonprescription anti-itch creams and other self-care measures may help control mild atopic dermatitis.  Self-care measures, such as avoiding soaps or other irritants and applying creams or ointments, can help relieve itching. Corticosteroid creams or ointments can ease scaling and relieve itching. Some low-potency corticosteroid creams are available without a prescription, but you should always talk to your doctor before using any topical corticosteroid. Antibiotics help a bacterial skin infection or an open sore or fissure caused by scratching. Taking antibiotics for a short time to treat an infection or for longer periods of time to reduce bacteria on your skin and to prevent recurrent infections. If itching is severe, oral antihistamines may help. 

Although atopic dermatitis is related to allergies, eliminating allergens is rarely helpful in clearing the condition. Allergy shots usually aren\'t successful in treating atopic dermatitis.
asthma causes
 The exact cause of atopic dermatitis (eczema) is unknown, but it\'s likely due to a combination of dry, irritable skin with a malfunction in the body\'s immune system. Stress and other emotional disorders can worsen atopic dermatitis, but they don\'t cause it. Corticosteroid creams or ointments. Your doctor may recommend prescription corticosteroid creams or ointments to ease scaling and relieve itching. Some low-potency corticosteroid creams are available without a prescription, but you should always talk to your doctor before using any topical corticosteroid. Over-the-counter (nonprescription) anti-itch creams and other self-care measures may help control mild atopic dermatitis. Although atopic dermatitis is related to allergies, eliminating allergens is rarely helpful in clearing the condition. Occasionally, items that trap dust  such as feather pillows, down comforters, mattresses, carpeting and drapes  can worsen the condition. Allergy shots usually aren\'t successful in treating atopic dermatitis. Light therapy (phototherapy) As the name suggests, this treatment uses natural or artificial light. The simplest and easiest form of phototherapy involves exposing your skin to controlled amounts of natural sunlight. Other forms of light therapy include the use of artificial ultraviolet A (UVA) or ultraviolet B (UVB) light including the more recently available narrow band ultraviolet B (NBUVB) either alone or with medications. Though effective, long-term light therapy has many harmful effects, including premature skin aging and an increased risk of skin cancer.
asthma causes
 The right medications for Asthma depend on a number of things, including age,  symptoms, asthma triggers and what seems to work best to keep the asthma under control. Preventive, long-term control medications reduce the inflammation in the airways that leads to symptoms. Quick-relief inhalers (bronchodilators) quickly open swollen airways that are limiting breathing. Types of long-term control medications include: Inhaled corticosteroids.  These medications include fluticasone, budesonide, mometasone, ciclesonide, flunisolide, beclomethasone and others.

Leukotriene modifiers are oral medications (including montelukast , zafirlukast and zileutonhelp relieve asthma symptoms for up to 24 hour. These medication may have more severe side effects.

Long-acting beta agonists are inhaled medications, which include salmeterol and formoterol, open the airways and reduce inflammation.

Some research shows that thesse may increase the risk of a severe asthma attack, so take them only in combination with an inhaled corticosteroid.

Combination inhalers are medications such as fluticasone-salmeterol, budesonide-formoterol and mometasone-formoterol which contain a long-acting beta agonist along with a corticosteroid.

Because these combination inhalers contain long-acting beta agonists, they may increase the risk of having a severe asthma attack.

 A variety of asthma inhalers are available to help control asthma symptoms in adults and children.

Theophylline is a daily pill that helps keep the airways open (bronchodilator) by relaxing the muscles around the airways. It's not used as often now as in past years.



 Most asthma medications can be safely used during pregnancy. 

Not all medications are  approved for use in children by the FDA, but the doctor may prescribe them based on judgment of what\'s likely to work best for the child.
asthma causes
 Asthma is a chronic disease that affects the airways. This can cause wheezing, coughing, chest tightness and trouble breathing, especially early in the morning or at night. Asthma is treated with two kinds of medicines: quick-relief medicines to stop asthma symptoms and long-term control medicines to prevent symptoms. 

 Quick-relief medications are used as needed for rapid, short-term symptom relief during an asthma attack such as Short-acting beta agonists. When inhaled, quick-relief bronchodilators act within minutes to rapidly ease symptoms during an asthma attack. 

Many people with asthma need to take long-term control medications on a daily basis. Oral and intravenous corticosteroids such as prednisone and methylprednisolone relieve airway inflammation caused by severe asthma. They can cause serious side effects when used long term, so they're used only on a short-term basis to treat severe asthma symptoms. 

Regular use of inhaled corticosteroids helps keep asthma attacks and other problems linked to poorly controlled asthma in check.  In children, long-term use of inhaled corticosteroids may slightly delay growth, but the benefits of using these medications to maintain good asthma control generally outweigh their risks. Some inhaled asthma medication combinations contain both a corticosteroid and a bronchodilator.

 As with other LABA medications, these inhalers may increase your risk of having a severe asthma attack and should be used with caution.

Allergy medications may help if asthma is triggered or worsened by allergies. Over time, allergy shots gradually reduce the immune system reaction to specific allergens.


asthma causes
 Quick-relief (rescue) medications are used as needed for rapid, short-term symptom relief during an asthma attack  or before exercise if your doctor recommends it. Types of quick-relief medications include:  Short-acting beta agonists. These inhaled, quick-relief bronchodilators act within minutes to rapidly ease symptoms during an asthma attack. Short-acting beta agonists can be taken using a portable, hand-held inhaler or a nebulizer  a machine that converts asthma medications to a fine mist, so they can be inhaled through a face mask or a mouthpiece. Like other bronchodilators, ipratropium acts quickly to immediately relax your airways, making it easier to breathe. Ipratropium is mostly used for emphysema and chronic bronchitis, but it\'s sometimes used to treat asthma attacks. Oral and intravenous corticosteroids. These medications  which include prednisone and methylprednisolone  relieve airway inflammation caused by severe asthma. They can cause serious side effects when used long term, so they\'re used only on a short-term basis to treat severe asthma symptoms. If you have an asthma flare-up, a quick-relief inhaler can ease your symptoms right away. But if your long-term control medications are working properly, you shouldn\'t need to use your quick-relief inhaler very often. Keep a record of how many puffs you use each week. If you need to use your quick-relief inhaler more often than your doctor recommends, see your doctor.
asthma causes
Asthma is a chronic  lung disease that inflames and narrows the airways. In asthma, the inside walls of airways tubes become sore and swollen and the lungs do not get enough air. Cells in the airways may make more mucus than normal. This chain reaction can result in asthma symptoms. Symptoms may include wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath, and coughing. When symptoms get more intense and additional symptoms occur, this is an asthma attack. Severe attacks may require emergency care, and they can cause death.

Allergy-induced asthma is triggered by exposure to an allergen in the environment  such as pollen, dust mites and pet dander. In some people, skin or food allergies can cause asthma symptoms. An allergic response occurs when immune system chemicals (antibodies) mistakenly identify a harmless substance such as tree pollen as a dangerous invader. In an attempt to protect the body from the substance, antibodies attack the allergen. Some treatment can reduce both asthma and allergy symptoms, but most are designed to treat either one or the other. Allergy shots can help treat asthma by gradually reducing the  immune system response to certain allergy triggers. 

A hygiene hypothesis assumes that the Western lifestyle which emphasises hygiene and sanitation has resulted in changes in living conditions and an overall decline in infections in early childhood. This affects the way that young children's immune systems develop, and it may increase their risk for atopy and asthma. 

Asthma is treated with two kinds of medicines: quick-relief to stop asthma symptoms and long-term control to prevent symptoms. 
asthma causes
Asthma is a chronic lung disease that inflames and narrows the airways. Asthma causes recurring periods of wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath, and coughing.

Allergies occur when the immune system reacts to a foreign substance such as pollen, bee venom or pet dander. Inflaming the: skin, sinuses, airways or digestive system.

Allergies and asthma often occur together. Indoor allergens and irritants play a significant role in triggering asthma attacks. Allergic asthma is characterized by symptoms that are triggered by an allergic reaction. Exposure to dust mites can cause asthma in children who have not previously exhibited asthma symptoms. Allergic asthma is airway obstruction and inflammation that is partially reversible with medication. It is the most common form of asthma, affecting over 50% of the 20 million asthma sufferers.Over 2.5 million children under age 18 suffer from it.

Atopic dermatitis is a common, often long-lasting skin disease that affects a large percentage of the world's population.  It is a special type of allergic hypersensitivity that includes a triad of conditions that includes asthma, inhalant allergies, and a chronic dermatitis.

Some treatment can reduce both asthma and allergy symptoms, but most are designed to treat either one or the other. Montelukast (Singulair) is a medication that eases both allergy and asthma symptoms. Allergy shots can help treat asthma by gradually reducing the immune system response to certain allergy triggers. Recognizing and avoiding the allergic substances that trigger the symptoms is the most important step. 

   
asthma causes
Allergies and asthma often occur together. The same substances that trigger your hay fever symptoms may also cause asthma signs and symptoms such as shortness of breath, wheezing and chest tightness. This is called allergic asthma or allergy-induced asthma. Substances such as pollen, dust mites and pet dander are common triggers. 



In some people, skin or food allergies can cause asthma symptoms. 

Dogs, cats, rodents (including hamsters and guinea pigs) and other warm-blooded mammals can trigger asthma in individuals with an allergy to animal dander. Some people develop asthma because of contact with certain chemical irritants or industrial dusts in the workplace. This type of asthma is called occupational asthma. 



Some treatment can reduce both asthma and allergy symptoms, but most are designed to treat either one or the other. 

If your asthma symptoms are clearly related to allergens, and you can\'t avoid exposure to those allergens, your doctor may advise you to get allergy shots. Allergy shots can help treat asthma by gradually reducing your immune system response to certain allergy triggers. However, recognizing and avoiding the allergic substances that trigger your symptoms is the most important step you can take. 



Asthma is a long-term disease that has no cure. Symptoms of asthma or allergy also may improve on their own as an illness (like a cold or flu) runs its course. Hypnosis might give people with asthma or allergies more self-discipline to follow good health practices.  


asthma causes
 Most, but not all, people who have asthma have allergies. Allergens Animal Dander Allergies occur when your immune system reacts to a foreign substance such as pollen, bee venom or pet dander.This is called allergic asthma or allergy-induced asthma. Allergies and asthma often occur together.  Common allergy triggers include:  Airborne allergens, such as pollen, animal dander, dust mites and mold Certain foods, particularly peanuts, tree nuts, wheat, soy, fish, shellfish, eggs and milk Insect stings, such as bee stings or wasp stings Medications, particularly penicillin or penicillin-based antibiotics Latex or other substances you touch, which can cause allergic skin reactions. Allergies and asthma often occur together. This is called allergic asthma or allergy-induced asthma. The same substances that trigger your hay fever symptoms may also cause asthma signs and symptoms such as shortness of breath, wheezing and chest tightness. In many cases, asthma is triggered by exposure to an allergen in the environment (allergy-induced asthma). If you have an allergy, you're more likely to have asthma  an immune system reaction that affects the airways and breathing.  In many cases, asthma is triggered by exposure to an allergen in the environment (allergy-induced asthma). A few treatments can help with both conditions.
asthma causes
 Molds are microscopic fungi that live on plant and animal matter. Molds can be found almost anywhere when moisture is present. Mold spores float through the indoor and outdoor air continually. For people sensitive to molds, inhaling mold spores can trigger an asthma attack.  Mold is among the most hazardous household substances for people with allergies and asthma. They also can reach the lungs, to cause asthma or another serious illness called allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. If you have an allergy, you\'re more likely to have asthma  an immune system reaction that affects the airways and breathing. In many cases, asthma is triggered by exposure to an allergen in the environment (allergy-induced asthma). How To Control Things That Make Your Asthma Worse: Indoor Mold Fix leaky faucets, pipes, or other sources of water that have mold around them. Clean moldy surfaces with a cleaner that has bleach in it. Stay indoors with windows closed from late morning to afternoon, if you can. Clean damp areas in the bath, kitchen and around the house to keep mold spores from developing. Get rid of moldy leaves or damp firewood in the yard.
asthma causes
  An allergy is triggered when the immune system mistakes a normally harmless substance for a dangerous invader. The immune system produces antibodies that are always on the alert for your particular allergen. When you\'re exposed to the allergen again in the future, these antibodies release a number of immune system chemicals, such as histamine, that cause allergy symptoms.Researchers think some genetic and environmental factors interact to cause asthma, most often early in life including:  hereditary (from parents), tendency (atopy), respiratory infections, exposure or contact to some airborne allergens or viral infections in early childhood,  exposure to irritants.

The same factors may affect people differently. 

Researchers explore Hygiene Hypothesis which claims that the hygienic lifestyle of the west reduce the exposure of children to infections and therefore the immune system is not practiced and tends to develop allergies. 



 Indoor allergies (perennial allergic rhinitis [PAR]/nasal allergies) occur when allergens that are commonly found indoors are inhaled into the nose and the lungs causing allergic reactions. Other common triggers include:  Airborne allergens (pollen, animal dander, dust mites and mold) Certain foods, particularly peanuts, tree nuts, wheat, soy, fish, shellfish, eggs and milk. Insect stings, such as bee stings or wasp stings, Certain proteins are found in cockroach feces and saliva and can cause allergic reactions or trigger asthma. Medications, particularly penicillin or penicillin-based antibiotics Latex or other substances you touch, which can cause allergic skin reactions. Smoke from wood-burning stoves and fireplaces contain a mixture of harmful gases and small particles.
asthma causes
An allergy starts when the immune system mistakes a normally harmless substance for a dangerous invader and produces antibodies that are always on the alert for your particular allergen. When you're exposed to the allergen again in the future, these antibodies release a number of immune system chemicals, such as histamine, that cause allergy symptoms. Having an allergy increases the risk of certain medical problems, such as a runny nose, sneezing, itching, rashes, swelling, including Asthma (an immune system reaction that affects the airways and breathing). In many cases, allergies and asthma often occur together. So, If you have an allergy, you're more likely to have asthma. Asthma is triggered by exposure to an allergen in the environment (called allergy-induced asthma or allergic asthma). Allergic asthma is the most common form of asthma, affecting over 50% of the 20 million asthma sufferers. Substances such as pollen, dust mites, mold and pet dander are common triggers. In some people, skin or food allergies can cause asthma symptoms. The severity of allergies varies from person to person and can range from minor irritation to anaphylaxis a potentially life-threatening emergency. If you have asthma, you may react to just one trigger or you may find that several things act as triggers. With today's knowledge and treatments, most people who have asthma are able to manage the disease. However, recognizing and avoiding the allergic substances that trigger your symptoms is the most important step you can take.
asthma causes
 Asthma is a chronic disease that affects your airways. Your airways are tubes that carry air in and out of your lungs. If you have asthma, the inside walls of your airways become sore and swollen. That makes them very sensitive, and they may react strongly to things that you are allergic to or find irritating. When your airways react, they get narrower and your lungs get less air. This can cause wheezing, coughing, chest tightness and trouble breathing, especially early in the morning or at night. When your asthma symptoms become worse than usual, it's called an asthma attack .The exact cause of asthma isn't known, Different factors may be more likely to cause asthma in some people  than in others.Researchers think some genetic and environmental factors interact to cause asthma, most often early in life. These factors include: An inherited tendency to develop allergies, called atopy (AT-o-pe), Parents who have asthma, Certain respiratory infections during childhood, Contact with some airborne allergens or exposure to some viral infections in infancy or in early childhood when the immune system is developing. If you have asthma, you may react to just one trigger or you may find that several things act as triggers. (Triggers are things that can cause asthma symptoms)  If you have asthma, you may react to just one trigger or you may find that several things act as triggers. Some common triggers are: Getting a cold or flu Pollen, dust and animals (especially cats) Cold weather, Smoking, Exercise.   
asthma causes
What Is Mold Allergy? Mold and mildew are fungi. They differ from plants or animals in how they reproduce and grow. The "seeds" called spores, are spread by the wind outdoors and by air indoors. Some spores are released in dry, windy weather and others are released with the fog or dew when humidity is high. Inhaling the spores causes allergic reactions in some people. Although there are many types of molds, only a few dozen cause allergic reactions.

Mold spores can deposit on the lining of the nose and cause high fever symptoms.They also can reach the lungs, to cause asthma or another serious illness called allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. It is common for people to be at greater risk of developing mold allergy if they or other family members are allergic to substances such as pollen or animal dander or if their occupations includ more exposure to mold (for example: Farmers, dairymen, loggers, bakers, mill workers, carpenters, greenhouse employees, wine makers and furniture repairers). The symptoms of mold allergy are very similar to the symptoms of other allergies, such as sneezing, itching, nasal discharge, congestion and dry, scaling skin. In some people with allergy, irritation alone can cause a reaction. To diagnose an allergy to mold or fungi, the doctor will take a complete medical history, skin tests and use the physical examination all together. How Is Mold Allergy Treated? As with most allergies, patients should take some actions to avoid contact with the spores (for example: Wear a dust mask when cutting grass, digging around plants, picking up leaves, disturbing other plant materials and reduce the humidity indoors to 35%). 
asthma causes
 Molds are microscopic fungi that live on plant and animal matter. When mold spores land on damp places indoors, they may begin growing.

 Mold can trigger asthma attacks and allergic reactions (such as hay fever or eczema), and cause health problems in people without those conditions. Mold grows in humid, damp environments, so the best way to prevent and control indoor mold is to keep your home as dry and ventilated as possible. Mold spores can deposit on the lining of the nose and cause hay fever symptoms. They also can reach the lungs, to cause asthma or another serious illness called allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis.



The symptoms of mold allergy are very similar to the symptoms of other allergies, such as sneezing, itching, nasal discharge, congestion and dry, scaling skin. Some people with mold allergies may have symptoms the entire summer because of outdoor molds or year-round if symptoms are due to indoor molds. 



For diagnosis doctors use patient's medical history, skin testing results, and physical examination.  



Prognosis: Allergies cannot be cured, symptoms of the allergy can be reduced by avoiding contact with the spores. Mold quantity in the air can measured help  the carrier decide if to stay in a place.



Treatment: avoid contact with the spores, wear a dust mask when exposure may occur, reduce the humidity indoors. Medications include antihistamines and decongestants, or prescribed non-sedating antihistamines if continuous consumption of antihistamines cause drowsiness. For moderate and severe allergy symptoms, your doctor may prescribe corticosteroid nasal sprays. 
asthma causes
 Asthma is commonly divided into two types: allergic (extrinsic) asthma and non-allergic (intrinsic) asthma. Researchers think a combination of factors (family genes and certain environmental exposures) interact to cause asthma. Asthma triggers are different from person to person and can include:  Airborne allergens, such as pollen, animal dander, mold, cockroaches and dust mites Allergic reactions to some foods, such as peanuts or shellfish Respiratory infections, such as the common cold Physical activity (exercise-induced asthma) Cold air Air pollutants and irritants, such as smoke Certain medications, including beta blockers, aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin, others) and naproxen (Aleve) Strong emotions and stress Sulfites and preservatives added to some types of foods and beverages Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), a condition in which stomach acids back up into your throat Menstrual cycle in some women. If you have an allergy, you\'re more likely to have asthma  an immune system reaction that affects the airways and breathing.
asthma causes
Allergic (extrinsic) asthma is characterized by symptoms that are triggered by an allergic reaction; it is an airway obstruction and inflammation that is partially reversible with medication.

Asthma, a chronic lung disease, inflames and narrows the airways that react and tighten strongly to certain substances that are breathed in. Cells in the airways make more mucus than normal. Symptoms may include wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath, and coughing, can be mild or can get worse and intense, and cause an asthma attack which require emergency care, and can even cause death. It is more common in childhood and tends to affect boys more than girls.

Allergies and asthma often occur together. Substances such as pollen, dust mites and pet dander are common triggers. In some people, skin or food allergies can cause asthma symptoms.

 An allergic response occurs when immune system chemicals (antibodies) mistakenly identify a harmless substance such as tree pollen as a dangerous invader. The chemicals released by your immune system lead to allergy signs and symptoms, such as nasal congestion, runny nose, itchy eyes or skin reactions. For some people, this same reaction also affects the lungs and airways, leading to asthma symptoms. Some treatment can reduce both asthma and allergy symptoms, but most are designed to treat either one or the other. However, recognizing and avoiding the allergic substances that trigger symptoms is the most important step to take.

Allergy medications include oral and nasal spray antihistamines and decongestants as well as corticosteroid and cromolyn nasal sprays.  
asthma causes
Asthma is a chronic (long-term), non-curable lung disease that inflames and narrows the airways. This makes the airways swollen and very sensitive. The airways tend to react strongly to certain substances that are breathed in. When the airways react, the muscles around them tighten the airways narrow and less air flows to the lungs. The swelling also can worsen the airways condition, by making them even narrower. As of 2009, 300 million people worldwide were affected by asthma leading to approximately 250,000 deaths per year. More boys have asthma than girls, but more women have it than men. For some people, asthma is a minor nuisance and for others it can be a major problem that interferes with daily activities and may lead to a life-threatening asthma attack. What Causes Asthma? The exact cause of asthma is unknown. Researchers think some genetic and environmental factors interact to cause asthma, most often early in life. These factors include: An inherited tendency to develop allergies, called atopy (AT-o-pe), Parents who have asthma, Certain respiratory infections during childhood, Contact with some airborne allergens or exposure to some viral infections in infancy or in early childhood when the immune system is developing If asthma or atopy runs in your family, exposure to irritants (for example, tobacco smoke), Having a mother who smoked while pregnant, Being overweight, Exposure to pollution, Exposure to occupational triggers (such as chemicals used in farming), hairdressing and manufacturing, Low birth weight, animal dander, dust mites and mold Certain foods, Insect stings, Medications, Latex or other substances you touch, which can cause allergic skin reactions. However, more research is needed to determine what role they may play in developing asthma. 
asthma causes
 Allergic asthma is the most common form of asthma, affecting over 50% of the 20 million asthma sufferers.Over 2.5 million children under age 18 suffer from allergic asthma. Many of the symptoms of allergic and non-allergic asthma are the same (coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath or rapid breathing, and chest tightness). However, allergic asthma is triggered by inhaled allergens such as dust mite allergen, pet dander, pollen, mold, etc. resulting in asthma symptoms. An allergic response occurs when immune system chemicals (antibodies) mistakenly identify a harmless substance as a dangerous invader. In an attempt to protect your body from the substance, antibodies attack the allergen. The chemicals released by your immune system lead to allergy signs and symptoms, such as nasal congestion, runny nose, itchy eyes or skin reactions. For some people, this same reaction also affects the lungs and airways, leading to asthma symptoms. Common allergy triggers include:  Airborne allergens, animal dander, dust mites and mold. Certain foods, Insect stings and certain Medications. While allergies can't be cured, a number of treatments can help relieve your allergy symptoms. A few treatments can help with both conditions. For example:  Leukotriene modifier- a daily pill that helps control your immune system chemicals released during an allergic reaction, Allergy shots (immunotherapy) that can help treat asthma by gradually reducing your immune system response to certain allergy triggers. Your immune system builds up a tolerance to the allergens over time, and your allergic reactions diminish. In turn, asthma symptoms decrease as well.
asthma causes
 Molds are microscopic fungi that live on plant and animal matter. They among the most hazardous household substances for people with allergies and asthma. Fungi differ from plants or animals in how they reproduce and grow. Their "seeds", called spores, are spread by the wind outdoors and by air indoors.  Some spores are released in dry, windy weather. Others are released with the fog or dew when humidity is high. Inhaling the spores can trigger asthma attacks and allergic reactions (such as hay fever or eczema), and it can even cause health problems in people without those conditions. Allergic symptoms from fungus spores are most common from July to late summer, But with fungi growing in so many places, allergic reactions can occur year round. The symptoms are very similar to the symptoms of other allergies, such as sneezing, itching, nasal discharge, congestion and dry, scaling skin.  It is common for people to get mold allergy if they or other family members are allergic to substances such as pollen or animal dander. Some people with mold allergies may have allergy symptoms the entire summer because of outdoor molds or year-round if symptoms are due to indoor molds. Molds can reach the lungs, to cause asthma or another serious illness called allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. Sometimes the reaction is immediate, and sometimes the reaction is delayed. Symptoms often worsen in a damp or moldy room such as a basement; this may suggest mold allergy.
asthma causes
 Having asthma doesn\'t mean you have to be less active. Treatment can prevent asthma attacks and control symptoms during activity. If you already know you have EIA, or chronic asthma here is some advice to help prevent symptoms: Take two puffs of your blue reliever inhaler before warming up Do some warm-up exercise e.g. gentle exercises and stretching for 5-10 minutes. This will help to increase your heart and breathing rates gradually lessening the effects of the cold air Now you are ready to start  If you experience symptoms during playing sport/exercising: STOP and take some slow, deep breaths Take four puffs of blue inhaler (one at a time), using a spacer if accessible Return to activity if you are free of symptoms  If your symptoms continue or return after your recommence, repeat inhaler instructions and see a doctor as soon as possible. If you exercise in cold temperatures, wear a face mask to warm the air you breathe. Being active is important for people with asthma as it helps in the management of the condition. Exercise helps to strengthen the muscles used for breathing, and over time may even help to improve your EIA symptoms. Inspiratory muscle training This technique helps strengthen lung muscles with a series of breathing exercises. Breathing exercises Breathing techniques for asthma have been around for years, but many health providers remain skeptical about them. Nonetheless, in a number of studies, people who did breathing exercises reported improved symptoms.
asthma causes
The symptoms with which chronic asthma presents are cough, breathlessness, chest tightness, or wheezing and are caused by the airways in the lungs narrowing. In addition to chronic asthma another condition is Exercise Induced Asthma or (EIA) when physical activities is the only trigger causing narrowing of the airways, and producing the symptoms of asthma.

 Exercise Induced Asthma Exercise induced asthma is a relatively common problem that can go undiagnosed, as some attribute their symptoms to being unfit.    During exercise it is necessary to breath through our mouths, enabling us to acquire the large amounts of air needed to sustain the increased level of energy. In susceptible airways when we breathe air that is unfiltered, dry and cold it causes bronchoconstriction (narrowing of the airways), producing the symptoms of asthma chest tightness, wheeze/cough and breathlessness. Being active is important for people with asthma as it helps in the management of the condition. Exercise helps to strengthen the muscles used for breathing, and over time may even help to improve EIA symptoms. Frequent or severe symptoms due to physical activity may suggest poorly controlled asthma and the need to either start or increase long-term control medicines that reduce inflammation. This will help prevent exercise-related symptoms. Easing into physical activity with a warmup period may be helpful. If you use your asthma medicines as your doctor directs, you should be able to take part in any physical activity or sport you choose.
asthma causes
 Exercise Induced Asthma Exercise induced asthma is a relatively common problem that can go undiagnosed, as some attribute their symptoms to being unfit. During exercise it is necessary to breath through our mouths, enabling us to acquire the large amounts of air needed to sustain the increased level of energy. In susceptible airways when we breathe air that is unfiltered, dry and cold it causes bronchoconstriction (narrowing of the airways), producing the symptoms of asthma chest tightness, wheeze/cough and breathlessness. If you have any of these symptoms during or after playing sport or exercising/activities, you may be experiencing EIA: Shortness of breath a few minutes after starting to exercise/play sport Tight feeling in chest while playing a sport/ exercising/active Stopping exercise/sport/activity because you feel unwell Wheezing and/or coughing  If you think you may have any of the signs of EIA and have not been diagnosed with asthma, please contact your family doctor for advice. Being active is important for people with asthma as it helps in the management of the condition. Exercise helps to strengthen the muscles used for breathing, and over time may even help to improve your EIA symptoms. If you have chronic asthma it is important that you participate in sports/exercise to help in the management of asthma. If you already know you have EIA, or chronic asthma here is some advice to help prevent symptoms: Take two puffs of your blue reliever inhaler before warming up Do some warm-up exercise e.g. gentle exercises and stretching for 5-10 minutes.
asthma causes
The treatment for Atopic termatits varies and depends on the severity of your case and your age. Tacrolimus and pimecrolimus ointments are powerful topical medicated creams that are used for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. They are not particularly effective in patients with severe disease and are best used on the faces of children.For mild to moderate dermatitis in older children (over 12 years old) and adults Phototherapy is sometime used. Its a treatment with light that uses ultraviolet A or B light waves or a combination of both. Photochemotherapy, a combination of ultraviolet light therapy and a drug called psoralen, can also be used in cases that are resistant to phototherapy alone. Oral antihistamines, such as Benadryl or Atarax, can be used to treat itch associated with atopic dermatitis. However, that they can cause sleepiness and may not help in all cases.For more severe falers of atopic dermatitis, Oral corticosteroids, such as prednisone, prednisolone, and medrol, may be used. They are used if the rash covers a large part of the body and face, but they are often prescribed for a short course (5 days) to calm the rash due to numerous side effects. For more mild cases, Shampoos and soaps containing coal tar can help but use should stop immediately if there is any increase in itching or redness of the rash. if you have a bacterial skin infection or an open sore or fissure caused by scratching,  You may need antibiotics.
asthma causes
Many of the medications used to treat Atopic dermatitis have side effects that are important to know about. Oral antihistamines, such as Benadryl (diphenhydramine) or Atarax (hydroxyzine), are used to treat itch associated with atopic dermatitis can cause sleepiness and may not help in all cases of atopic dermatitis. Antihistamine creams should not be used on atopic dermatitis rashes because they contain chemicals that can actually worsen the rash. Possible side effects for Corticosteroids include:  Thinning of the skin, Skin infections Growth suppression in children (with long-term oral prednisone), Stretch marks on the skin,  Possible side effects for Nonsteroidal Topical Immunomodulators include:  Temporary mild warmth, burning, or itching  Side effects for Antihistamines include:  Drowsiness, Dry mouth, nose, or throat.    Corticosteroids can be absorbed through the skin and cause problems throughout the body. Side effects include headache, indigestion, increased appetite, restlessness, and increased risk of infection.Using topical corticosteroids on the face can result in enlarged blood vessels (telangiectasias), bruising, acne, and stretch marks (striae).     Coal tar, actually made by melting coal, that has long been a treatment for a variety of skin, can be very irritating to already inflamed skin.Long term Light therapy,Though effective, has many harmful effects, including premature skin aging and an increased risk of skin cancer. 
asthma causes
Treatments for atopic dermatitis (eczema) aim to reduce inflammation, relieve itching and prevent future flare-ups. Over-the-counter (nonprescription) anti-itch creams and other self-care measures may help control mild atopic dermatitis. An example for nonprescription cream is low-potency corticosteroid creams, but you should always talk to your doctor before using any topical corticosteroid. Your doctor may recommend prescription corticosteroid creams or ointments to ease scaling and relieve itching. There are side effects of long-term or repeated use of these creams. You may need antibiotics if you have a bacterial skin infection or an open sore or fissure caused by scratching. Your doctor may recommend taking antibiotics for a short time to treat an infection or for longer periods of time to reduce bacteria on your skin and to prevent recurrent infections. If itching is severe, oral antihistamines may help, such as Benadryl (diphenhydramine) or Atarax (hydroxyzine). For more severe cases, your doctor may prescribe oral corticosteroids, such as prednisone, or an intramuscular injection of corticosteroids to reduce inflammation and to control symptoms. These medications are effective, but can't be used long term because of potential serious side effects. A class of medications called immunomodulators, such as tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel), affect the immune system and may help maintain normal skin texture and reduce flares of atopic dermatitis. This prescription-only medications is approved for children older than 2 and for adults. They are not particularly effective in patients with severe disease, with possible concerns about their effect on the immune system and are best used on the faces of children. There is also the possibility to get allergy shots, but usually they aren't successful in treating atopic dermatitis.
asthma causes
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin. It is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another. The word dermatitis means inflammation of the skin. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, and finally, crusting and scaling. In most cases, there are periods of time when the disease is worse (called exacerbations or flares) followed by periods when the skin improves or clears up entirely (called remissions). As some children with atopic dermatitis grow older, their skin disease improves or disappears altogether, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood. Atopic dermatitis is often referred to as eczema, which is a general term for the several types of inflammation of the skin. Atopic dermatitis is the most common of the many types of eczema.
asthma causes
There are some side effects of different medications. Topical corticosteroids include the following: A burning sensation, itching, irritation, dryness, or redness may develop in the area where the medicine is applied. Using topical corticosteroids on the face can result in enlarged blood vessels (telangiectasias), bruising, acne, and stretch marks (striae). With long-term use, high-strength topical corticosteroids cause temporary thinning of the skin, making it more easily irritated. But when used carefully and mostly in low-strength doses, topical corticosteroids can be used for up to 10 years without severe side effects. Corticosteroids can be absorbed through the skin and cause problems throughout the body. Side effects include headache, indigestion, increased appetite, restlessness, increased risk of infection, thinning of the skin, skin infections, growth suppression in children (with long-term oral prednisone), stretch marks on the skin, thinning of the bones, and suppression of the immune system. If your skin rash gets worse or if you have blurred vision, increased urination, excessive thirst, or mood changes, see your doctor. Side effects are associated with long-term use of corticosteroids. You and your doctor must watch for side effects and weigh them against the potential benefit of corticosteroid treatment. Though they may clear atopic dermatitis well, the side effects are too risky to warrant using them as a first-line treatment. Possible side effects for nonsteroidal topical immunomodulators include: temporary mild warmth, burning or itching. Side effects for antihistamines include: drowsiness (do not drive a car or operate heavy machinery until you know how these drugs affect you), dry mouth, nose or throat.  Antihistamine creams should not be used on atopic dermatitis rashes because they contain chemicals that can actually worsen the rash.
asthma causes
 Atopic dermatitis is the most common of the many types of eczema. Its a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin. Its a distinct condition in persons who are genetically predisposed to developing immunoglobulin (Ig) E-mediated hypersensitivity reactions. Atopic dernatitis is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another. The word dermatitis means inflammation of the skin. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, and finally, crusting and scaling. In most cases, there are periods of time when the disease is worse (called exacerbations or flares) followed by periods when the skin improves or clears up entirely (called remissions).  Although atopic dermatitis can occur in any age, most often it affects infants and young children. In some the skin disease improves or disappears altogether with age, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood.  The cause of atopic dermatitis is not known, but the disease seems to result from a combination of genetic (hereditary) and environmental factors. There seems to be a basic hypersensitivity and an increased tendency toward itching. While emotional factors and stress may in some cases exacerbate or initiate the condition, they do not seem to be a primary or underlying cause for the disorder. 
asthma causes
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin and a large percentage of the world's population. It is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another, unless they have active skin infections. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. Atopic dermatitis is often referred to as eczema, which is a general term for the several types of inflammation of the skin. Atopic dermatitis is the most common of the many types of eczema. In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. The cause of atopic dermatitis is not known, but the disease seems to result from a combination of genetic (hereditary) and environmental factors. A wide range of environmental factors, such as contact allergens, stress, food, skin flora and humidity, play roles in the development and severity of atopic dermatitis. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, and finally, crusting and scaling. In most cases, there are periods of time when the disease is worse (called exacerbations or flares) followed by periods when the skin improves or clears up entirely (called remissions). Although atopic dermatitis can occur in any age, most often it affects infants and young children. As some children with atopic dermatitis grow older, their skin disease improves or disappears altogether, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood. Self-care measures, such as avoiding soaps or other irritants and applying creams or ointments, can help relieve itching. Tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel) ointments are powerful and expensive topical medicated creams (drugs that are applied to the skin) that are used for the treatment of atopic dermatitis.
asthma causes
Corticosteroid creams or ointments. Your doctor may recommend prescription corticosteroid creams or ointments to ease scaling and relieve itching. Some low-potency corticosteroid creams are available without a prescription, but you should always talk to your doctor before using any topical corticosteroid. Side effects of long-term or repeated use can include skin irritation or discoloration, thinning of the skin, infections, and stretch marks on the skin. Antibiotics. You may need antibiotics if you have a bacterial skin infection or an open sore or fissure caused by scratching. Your doctor may recommend taking antibiotics for a short time to treat an infection or for longer periods of time to reduce bacteria on your skin and to prevent recurrent infections. Antibiotics. You may need antibiotics if you have a bacterial skin infection or an open sore or fissure caused by scratching. Your doctor may recommend taking antibiotics for a short time to treat an infection or for longer periods of time to reduce bacteria on your skin and to prevent recurrent infections. Oral antihistamines. If itching is severe, oral antihistamines may help. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl, others) can make you sleepy and may be helpful at bedtime. If your skin cracks open, your doctor may prescribe mildly astringent wet dressings to prevent infection. in severe cases your doctor may prescribe oral or injection Corticosteroid such as prednisone, or an intramuscular injection of corticosteroids to reduce inflammation and to control symptoms. those treatments have severe side effects. A class of medications called immunomodulators, such as tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel), affect the immune system and may help maintain normal skin texture.
asthma causes
Oral antihistamines, such as Benadryl (diphenhydramine) or Atarax (hydroxyzine), can be used to treat itch associated with atopic dermatitis. It\'s important to note, however, that they can cause sleepiness and may not help in all cases of atopic dermatitis. Antihistamine creams should not be used on atopic dermatitis rashes because they contain chemicals that can actually worsen the rash. Oral corticosteroids, such as prednisone, prednisolone, and medrol, may be used for more severe flares of atopic dermatitis. They are used if the rash covers a large part of the body and face. Oral steroids used long term have numerous side effects, including weight gain, thinning of the bones, and suppression of the immune system. Though they may clear atopic dermatitis well, the side effects are too risky to warrant using them as a first-line treatment. To avoid these side effects, but still benefit from the medication, oral steroids are often prescribed for a short course (5 days) to calm the rash. Topical steroids can then be used on the remaining rash. Coal tar, actually made by melting coal, has long been a treatment for a variety of skin conditions. Shampoos and soaps containing coal tar can help with mild cases of atopic dermatitis. Coal tar tends to work better on thickened skin that is not scaly, or to ease very early symptoms of itching. However, coal tar can be very irritating to already inflamed skin. It is OK to try coal tar for mild cases of atopic dermatitis, but use should stop immediately if there is any increase in itching or redness of the rash. 
asthma causes
Breathing exercises Breathing techniques for asthma have been around for years, but many health providers remain skeptical about them. They don\'t seem to improve the underlying allergic reaction that causes asthma symptoms. Nonetheless, in a number of studies, people who did breathing exercises reported improved symptoms. Breathing methods vary, but generally involve learning to:  Take breaths less often Take slower breaths Breathe through your nose rather than your mouth Use your abdominal muscles to take deep \"belly breaths\" (diaphragmatic breathing) A few breathing techniques used for asthma include the Buteyko breathing technique and yoga breathing (pranayama). Inspiratory muscle training This technique helps strengthen lung muscles with a series of breathing exercises. It\'s sometimes used for other lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and after certain types of surgery. These exercises definitely strengthen the muscles of your lungs, but there\'s not enough proof to say whether they help with asthma. Massage and chiropractic treatment Although some claim that these treatments help, there\'s no evidence that physical manipulation of the spine or muscles reduces asthma symptoms. Relaxation therapy Relaxation therapy techniques include meditation, biofeedback, hypnosis and progressive muscle relaxation. It\'s unclear whether any of these techniques directly help with asthma, but they do seem to reduce stress and promote a sense of well-being.
asthma causes
If you exercise in cold temperatures, wear a face mask to warm the air you breathe. To help prevent symptoms: Take two puffs of your blue reliever inhaler before warming up Do some warm-up exercise e.g. gentle exercises and stretching for 5-10 minutes. This will help to increase your heart and breathing rates gradually lessening the effects of the cold air Now you are ready to start  If you experience symptoms during playing sport/exercising: STOP and take some slow, deep breaths Take four puffs of blue inhaler (one at a time), using a spacer if accessible Return to activity if you are free of symptoms  If your symptoms continue or return after your recommence, repeat inhaler instructions and see a doctor as soon as possible.  At times, programs for students who have asthma may need to be temporarily modified, such as by varying the type, intensity, duration, and/or frequency of activity. At all times, students who have asthma should be included in activities as much as possible. The good news is that today\'s treatments can successfully control asthma so that most students can participate fully in regular school and childcare activities, including play, sports, and other physical activities.
asthma causes
Exercise induced asthma is a relatively common problem that can go undiagnosed, as some attribute their symptoms to being unfit. It is considered as a non-allergic asthma, where the immune system is not involved in the reaction. Like allergic asthma, it is characterized by airway obstruction and inflammation that is at least partially reversible with medication.

In addition to chronic asthma another condition is Exercise Induced Asthma or (EIA) when physical activities is the only trigger causing narrowing of the airways, and producing the symptoms of asthma such as  cough, breathlessness, chest tightness, or wheezing.

During exercise it is necessary to breath through the mouth and the nose, enabling to acquire the large amounts of air needed to sustain the increased level of energy.

If susceptible airways is unfiltered, dry and cold it causes bronchoconstriction (narrowing of the airways), producing the symptoms of asthma chest tightness, wheeze/cough and breathlessness.

Sympthoms include shortness of breath a few minutes after starting to a strenuous physical activity or a tight feeling in chest which forces one to stop, wheezing and/or coughing.

Exercise provokes symptoms in most children with poorly controlled asthma, the student who has asthma symptoms with physical activity may need to be evaluated by his or her health care provider.

Even for a student who has exercise-induced asthma, the frequent use of quick-relief medication during or after exercise may signal the need to return to his or her health care provider to add a daily long-term control medication or to increase the dosage.
asthma causes
Exercise Induced Asthma Exercise induced asthma is a relatively common problem that can go undiagnosed, as some attribute their symptoms to being unfit. To help you understand the condition and know how to manage it here are a few pointers. The symptoms with which chronic asthma presents are cough, breathlessness, chest tightness, or wheezing and are caused by the airways in the lungs narrowing. Many triggers cause chronic asthma e.g. colds, dust mites and exercise. In addition to chronic asthma another condition is Exercise Induced Asthma or (EIA) when physical activities is the only trigger causing narrowing of the airways, and producing the symptoms of asthma. What happens? When breathing normally air enters our lungs through the nose, where it is warmed, moistened, and filtered. During exercise it is necessary to breath through our mouths, enabling us to acquire the large amounts of air needed to sustain the increased level of energy. In susceptible airways when we breathe air that is unfiltered, dry and cold it causes bronchoconstriction (narrowing of the airways), producing the symptoms of asthma chest tightness, wheeze/cough and breathlessness. How will I know if I have EIA...? If you have any of these symptoms during or after playing sport or exercising/activities, you may be experiencing EIA: Shortness of breath a few minutes after starting to exercise/play sport Tight feeling in chest while playing a sport/ exercising/active Stopping exercise/sport/activity because you feel unwell Wheezing and/or coughing  If you think you may have any of the signs of EIA and have not been diagnosed with asthma, please contact your family doctor for advice.
asthma causes
In addition to chronic asthma another condition is Exercise Induced Asthma or (EIA) when physical activities is the only trigger causing narrowing of the airways, and producing the symptoms of asthma. This condition is Non-Allergic (intrinsic) asthma that triggered by factors not related to allergies, in this case: exercise. Exercise induced asthma is a relatively common problem that can go undiagnosed, as some attribute their symptoms to being unfit. Exercise-induced asthma, may be worse when the air is cold so there is a need to use a quick-relief inhaler more often for some people. If you have any of these symptoms during or after playing sport or exercising/activities, you may be experiencing EIA: shortness of breath a few minutes after starting to exercise/play sport, tight feeling in chest while playing a sport/exercising/active, stopping exercise/sport/activity because you feel unwell Wheezing and/or coughing. If you think you may have any of the signs of EIA and have not been diagnosed with asthma, please contact your family doctor for advice. Being active is important for people with asthma as it helps in the management of the condition. Exercise helps to strengthen the muscles used for breathing, and over time may even help to improve your EIA symptoms.  Physical activity is an important part of a healthy lifestyle. Talk with your doctor about medicines that can help you stay active.
asthma causes
Being active is important for people with asthma as it helps in the management of the condition.
Exercise helps to strengthen the muscles used for breathing, and over time may even help to improve your EIA symptoms.
It is important to participate in sports/exercise when there is chronic asthma, in order to help in the management of asthma.
Some advice to help prevent symptoms while exercising: two puffs of the blue reliever inhaler before warming up, some warm-up exercise e.g. gentle exercises and stretching for 5-10 minutes. This will help to increase the heart and breathing rates gradually lessening the effects of the cold air and only after that to start. If one experiences symptoms during playing sport/exercising, one should stop and take some slow, deep breaths, take four puffs of blue inhaler (one at a time), using a spacer if accessible, then return to activity if you are free of symptoms If your symptoms continue or return after your recommence, repeat inhaler instructions and see a doctor as soon as possible.

Inspiratory muscle training helps strengthen lung muscles with a series of breathing exercises.
It is s sometimes used for other lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and after certain types of surgery. Though, there's not enough proof to say whether they help with asthma.

	
asthma causes
 Prevention and long-term control are key in stopping asthma attacks before they start. Treatment usually involves learning to recognize your triggers and taking steps to avoid them, and tracking your breathing to make sure your daily asthma medications are keeping symptoms under control. In case of an asthma flare-up, you may need to use a quick-relief inhaler, such as albuterol.  The right medications for you depend on a number of things, including your age, symptoms, your asthma triggers and what seems to work best to keep your asthma under control. Preventive, long-term control medications reduce the inflammation in your airways that leads to symptoms.They are taken daily and are the cornerstone of asthma treatment. Quick-relief inhalers (bronchodilators) quickly open swollen airways that are limiting breathing. In some cases, allergy medications are necessary. Long term medications keep asthma under control on a day-to-day basis and make it less likely to have an asthma attack. Types of long-term control medications include:  Inhaled corticosteroids. You may need to use these medications for several days to weeks before they reach their maximum benefit. Quick-relief medications are used as needed for rapid, short-term symptom relief during an asthma attack  or before exercise if your doctor recommends it. Types of quick-relief medications include:  Short-acting beta agonists. These inhaled, quick-relief bronchodilators act within minutes to rapidly ease symptoms during an asthma attack. But if your long-term control medications are working properly, you shouldn't need to use your quick-relief inhaler very often.
asthma causes
 Corticosteroids are medicines that help prevent asthma symptoms occurring by reducing the inflammation in the airways. Cortisone, is part of a family of substances known as steroids which are produced by the body to help it function normally. Corticosteroids were developed from cortisone and are agents that decrease inflammation. The medication is used in several forms, to treat many different conditions. It reduces itching, swelling, redness, and allergic reactions, used in treating skin problems, severe allergies, asthma and arthritis. Inhaled corticosteroids are a maintenance medicine that helps to prevent severe asthma symptoms. They are prescribed for patients of all ages to treat different levels of persistent asthma. They work by dampening down the inflammation in the airways, and are the most effective agents for treating asthma. As a result, asthma symptoms and sudden acute attacks occur less often. To be effective, they need to be taken once or twice every day as prescribed by your doctor. They are of no benefit when used for symptoms, unlike bronchodilators, or when taken on an odd occasion. Common Corticosteroids: Beclozone (Beclomethasone), Flixotide (Fluticasone), Pulmicort (Budesonide). Some preventers may take 3 to 4 weeks to become effective others only take a few days, so it may take some time before you notice a difference in your your asthma. Some people on inhaled corticosteroids may have local side effects such as sore throat, husky voice, thrush (an infection) in the mouth. These side effects can be avoided by using a spacer.
asthma causes
 A variety of asthma inhalers are available to help control asthma symptoms in adults and children. QUICK-RELIEF MEDICATIONS (also known as short-acting bronchodilators) are taken when needed for rapid, short-term relief of asthma symptoms. LONG-TERM CONTROL MEDICATIONS are usually taken daily to control underlying airway inflammation and thereby prevent asthma symptoms.Types of asthma inhalers include:  Metered dose inhalers. Dry powder inhaler. Metered dose inhaler with a spacer.  Take the medication exactly as prescribed. Don't stop taking the medication or adjust the dosage on your own. Types of quick-relief medications include:  Short-acting beta agonists. They include albuterol (ProAir HFA, Ventolin HFA, others), levalbuterol (Xopenex HFA) and pirbuterol (Maxair). Ipratropium (Atrovent). Ipratropium (Atrovent). Like other bronchodilators, ipratropium acts quickly to immediately relax your airways, making it easier to breathe. Oral and intravenous corticosteroids. Allergy medications may help if your asthma is triggered or worsened by allergies. Inhaled corticosteroids These anti-inflammatory drugs are the most effective and commonly used long-term control medications for asthma.
asthma causes
Asthma is a chronic (longterm) lung disease that inflames and narrows the airways. it is can not be cured but its sympthoms can be controlled.  It is treated with two types of medicines:   long term control and quick relief medicines. Long term control medicines help reduce airway inflammation and prevent asthma symptoms. such medicine are doctor prescribes and should be taken daily. Quick relief, or rescue, medicines relieve asthma symptoms when they flare up. an inhaler is a common quick relief medicine. it is important to practice using your inhaler at the doctors office in order to learn the correct usage. Your initial asthma treatment will depend on how severe your disease is. The goal of asthma treatment is to control the disease and prevent asthma attacks. Good asthma control will: 	 Prevent chronic and troublesome symptoms, such as coughing and shortness of breath  	 Reduce your need for quick relief medicines  	 Help you maintain good lung function  	 Let you maintain your normal activity levels and sleep through the night 	 Prevent asthma attacks that could result in  your going to the emergency room or being admitted to the hospital for treatment  To reach this goal, you should actively partner with your doctor to manage the disease and create and follow an asthma action plan. With todays knowledge and treatments, most people who have asthma are able to manage the disease. They have few, if any, symptoms and can live normal, active lives.
asthma causes
 Corticosteroids are medicines that help prevent asthma symptoms occurring by reducing the inflammation in the airways. Cortisone, is part of a family of substances known as steroids which are produced by the body to help it function normally. It reduces itching, swelling, redness, and allergic reactions, used in treating skin problems, severe allergies, asthma and arthritis. Inhaled corticosteroids are prescribed for patients of all ages to treat different levels of persistent asthma. To be effective, they need to be taken once or twice every day as prescribed by your doctor. Inhaled steroids are not addictive. The dose is carefully worked out according to you/your childs weight. Its best to give each dose of steroid with food in the morning, usually at breakfast time. Steroids given by mouth During severe acute asthma episodes you/your child may need a higher dose of corticosteroids to be taken by mouth. A larger dose of steroid taken this way allows the medicine to work faster. These anti-inflammatory drugs are the most effective and commonly used long-term control medications for asthma. Corticosteroids don't generally cause serious side effects. After you use it, rinse your mouth with water, gargle, and spit out. Corticosteroid creams or ointments. Your doctor may recommend prescription corticosteroid creams or ointments to ease scaling and relieve itching. Some people on inhaled corticosteroids may have local side effects such as: sore throat, husky voice, thrush (an infection) in the mouth. Inhaled steroids are not addictive.
asthma causes
 Asthma is a longterm lung disease that cant be cured.It causes inflammation and narrowing of the airways, making them swollen and  very sensitive. That can result in asthma symptoms. Symptoms may include wheezing , chest tightness, shortness of breath, and coughing. When symptoms get more intense and/or additional symptoms occur, this is an asthma attack. Its important to treat symptoms when you first notice them. This will help prevent the symptoms from worsening and causing a severe asthma attack that may require emergency care, and can cause death.  Asthma is treated with two types of medicines:   longterm control and quickrelief medicines. Longterm control medicines help reduce airway inflammation and prevent asthma symptoms. Quickrelief, or rescue, medicines relieve asthma symptoms when they flare up. Your initial asthma treatment will depend on how severe your disease is. Followup asthma treatment will depend on how well your asthma action plan is working to control your symptoms and prevent asthma attacks. The goal of asthma treatment is to control the disease and prevent asthma attacks. Good asthma control will Prevent chronic and troublesome symptoms, such as shortness of breath, Reduce your need for quickrelief medicines, Let you maintain your normal activity levels and sleep through the night and will Prevent severe asthma attacks. To reach this goal, you should actively partner with your doctor to manage the disease and create and follow an asthma action plan. With todays knowledge and treatments, most people who have asthma are able to manage the disease.
asthma causes
 The goal of asthma treatment is to control the disease and prevent asthma attacks. It is treated with two types of medicines: longterm control and quickrelief medicines. Longterm control medicines help reduce airway inflammation and prevent asthma symptoms. Quickrelief, or rescue, medicines relieve asthma symptoms when they flare up. An asthma action plan gives guidance on taking your medicines properly, avoiding factors that worsen your asthma, tracking your level of asthma control, responding to worsening asthma, and seeking emergency care when  needed. Good asthma control will: Prevent chronic and troublesome symptoms, such as coughing and shortness of breath Reduce your need for quickrelief medicines Help you maintain good lung function Let you maintain your normal activity levels and sleep through the night Prevent asthma attacks that could result in  your going to the emergency room or being admitted to the hospital for treatment  To reach this goal, you should actively partner with your doctor to manage the disease and create and follow an asthma action plan. Your initial asthma treatment will depend on how severe your disease is. Asthma can\'t be cured, but its symptoms can be controlled. Because asthma often changes over time, it\'s important that you work with your doctor to track your signs and symptoms and adjust treatment as needed.
asthma causes
Most asthma medications are inhaled as sprays or powders and may be taken using metered-dose inhalers, dry powder inhalers, or nebulizers. A metered-dose inhaler is a pressurized canister that delivers a dose of medication and does not require deep and fast breathing (see Appendix 3 for instructions). A dry powder inhaler is another kind of inhaler that does require deep and fast breathing to get the medication into the lungs (see Appendix 4 for instructions). A nebulizer is a machine that turns liquid medication into a fine mist. Whichever delivery method is used, it is important for patient to take their medications correctly. LONG-TERM CONTROL MEDICATIONS are usually taken daily to control underlying airway inflammation and thereby prevent asthma symptoms. They can significantly reduce a patient need for quick-relief medication. Inhaled corticosteroids are the most effective long-term control medications for asthma. It is important to remember that inhaled corticosteroids are generally safe for long-term use when taken as prescribed. They are not addictive and are not the same as illegal anabolic steroids used by some athletes to build muscles. QUICK-RELIEF MEDICATIONS are taken when needed for rapid, short-term relief of asthma symptoms. They help stop asthma attacks by temporarily relaxing the muscles around the airways. However, they do nothing to treat the underlying airway inflammation that caused the symptoms to flare up. An additional use for quick-relief medications is the prevention of asthma symptoms in patients who have exercise-induced asthma. These patients may be directed  to take their quick-relief medication inhaler 5 minutes before physical activities.
asthma causes
Corticosteroids were developed from cortisone and are agents that decrease inflammation. The medication is used in several forms, to treat many different conditions. It reduces itching, swelling, redness, and allergic reactions, used in treating skin problems, severe allergies, asthma and arthritis. Although corticosteroids are part of the steroid family they are not the same as the anabolic steroids some athletes and body-builders use to enhance their muscles and gain strength. Anabolic steroids can have serious side effects. Inhaled corticosteroids are prescribed for patients of all ages to treat different levels of persistent asthma. They work by dampening down the inflammation in the airways, and are the most effective agents for treating asthma. As a result, asthma symptoms and sudden acute attacks occur less often. To be effective, they need to be taken once or twice every day as prescribed by your doctor. They are of no benefit when used for symptoms, unlike bronchodilators or when taken on an odd occasion. Inhaled corticosteroids are a maintenance medicine that helps to prevent severe asthma symptoms. Common Corticosteroids:      Beclozone (Beclomethasone)\     Flixotide (Fluticasone)     Pulmicort (Budesonide)   Some preventers may take 3 to 4 weeks to become effective others only take a few days, so it may take some time before you notice a difference in your childs or your asthma. You may also notice that the blue inhaler is not needed as often.
asthma causes
Treating atopic dermatitis in infants and children Give brief, lukewarm baths. Apply an emollient immediately following the bath. Keep a child\'s fingernails filed short. Select soft cotton fabrics when choosing clothing. Consider using antihistamines to reduce scratching at night. Keep the child cool; avoid situations where overheating occurs. Learn to recognize skin infections and seek treatment promptly. Attempt to distract the child with activities to keep him or her from scratching. 
Tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel) ointments are powerful and expensive topical medicated creams (drugs that are applied to the skin) that are used for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. They are not particularly effective in patients with severe disease and are best used on the faces of children. Phototherapy is treatment with light that uses ultraviolet A or B light waves or a combination of both. This treatment can be an effective treatment for mild to moderate dermatitis in older children (over 12 years old) and adults. Photochemotherapy, a combination of ultraviolet light therapy and a drug called psoralen, can also be used in cases that are resistant to phototherapy alone. Possible long-term side effects of this treatment include premature skin aging and skin cancer. If the doctor thinks that phototherapy may be useful in treating the symptoms of atopic dermatitis, he or she will use the minimum exposure necessary and monitor the skin carefully.
asthma causes
 Although atopic dermatitis can occur in any age, most often it affects infants and young children. Most children with atopic dermatitis enter into a permanent remission of the disease when they get older, although their skin may remain somewhat dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood. Treating atopic dermatitis in infants and children includes      Giving brief, lukewarm baths and Applying an emollient immediately following the bath, Keeping the child's fingernails filed short, Selecting soft cotton fabrics when choosing clothing. using antihistamines to reduce scratching at night should be considered. The parent should keep the child cool and avoid situations where overheating occurs. He should learn to recognize skin infections and seek treatment promptly. When a child has atopic dermatitis, the entire family situation may be affected. It is important that families have additional support to help them cope with the stress and frustration associated with the disease. The child may be fussy and difficult and often is unable to keep from scratching and rubbing the skin. Distracting the child and providing as many activities that keep the hands busy are key but require effort and work on the part of the parents or caregivers. The child may face difficulty in school or other social relationships and may need additional support and encouragement from family members.
asthma causes
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin. It is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another through skin contact. There is generally no cause for concern in being around someone with even an active case of atopic dermatitis, unless they have active skin infections. The word dermatitis means inflammation of the skin. The term atopic is from the Greek meaning strange. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, and finally, crusting and scaling. In most cases, there are periods of time when the disease is worse (called exacerbations or flares) followed by periods when the skin improves or clears up entirely (called remissions). Atopic dermatitis is often referred to as eczema, which is a general term for the several types of inflammation of the skin. Atopic dermatitis is the most common of the many types of eczema. Although atopic dermatitis can occur in any age, most often it affects infants and young children. Occasionally, it may persist into adulthood or may actually appear at that time. Some patients tend to have a protracted course with various ups and downs. The cause of atopic dermatitis is unknown, but it may result from a combination of inherited tendencies for sensitive skin and malfunction in the body's immune system.
asthma causes
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin. It is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another. The word dermatitis means inflammation of the skin. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, and finally, crusting and scaling. In most cases, there are periods of time when the disease is worse (called exacerbations or flares) followed by periods when the skin improves or clears up entirely (called remissions). As some children with atopic dermatitis grow older, their skin disease improves or disappears altogether, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood. Atopic dermatitis is often referred to as eczema, which is a general term for the several types of inflammation of the skin. Atopic dermatitis is the most common of the many types of eczema.
asthma causes
 Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin. It is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another. The word dermatitis means inflammation of the skin. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. Atopic dermatitis affects a large percentage of the world's population.It is a special type of allergic hypersensitivity that includes a triad of conditions that includes asthma, inhalant allergies (hay fever), and a chronic dermatitis (eczema). In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, and finally, crusting and scaling. In most cases, there are periods of time when the disease is worse (called exacerbations or flares) followed by periods when the skin improves or clears up entirely (called remissions). As some children with atopic dermatitis grow older, their skin disease improves or disappears altogether, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood. Atopic dermatitis is the most common of the many types of eczema. There is a known hereditary component of the disease, and it is more common in affected families. Criteria that enable to diagnose it include the typical appearance and distribution of the rash in a patient with a personal or family history of asthma and/or hay fever.
asthma causes
Atopic dermatitis most often begins in childhood before age 5 and may persist into adulthood. Most children with atopic dermatitis enter into a permanent remission of the disease when they get older, although their skin may remain somewhat dry and easily irritated.  For some, it flares periodically and then subsides for a time, even up to several years. Itching may be severe, and scratching the rash can make it even itchier and cause more inflammation. Once the skin barrier is broken, the skin can become infected by bacteria, especially Staphylococcus aureus, which commonly live on the skin. Breaking this itch-scratch cycle can be challenging. When atopic dermatitis occurs in infants, it's called infantile eczema. This condition may continue into childhood and adolescence. Infantile eczema often involves an oozing, crusting rash, mainly on the skin of the face and scalp, but it can occur anywhere. After infancy, the rash becomes dryer and tends to be red to brown-gray in color. In adolescence, the skin may be scaly or thickened and easily irritated. The intense itching may continue. As some children with atopic dermatitis grow older, their skin disease improves or disappears altogether, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood. A class of medications called immunomodulators, such as tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel), affect the immune system and may help maintain normal skin texture and reduce flares of atopic dermatitis. This prescription-only medication is approved for children older than 2 and for adults.
exercise for asthmatic
 Over-the-counter (nonprescription) anti-itch creams and other self-care measures may help control mild atopic dermatitis. Your doctor may recommend prescription corticosteroid creams or ointments to ease scaling and relieve itching. Some low-potency corticosteroid creams are available without a prescription, but you should always talk to your doctor before using any topical corticosteroid. If itching is severe, oral antihistamines may help. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl, others) can make you sleepy and may be helpful at bedtime. For more severe cases, your doctor may prescribe oral corticosteroids, such as prednisone, or an intramuscular injection of corticosteroids to reduce inflammation and to control symptoms. These medications are effective, but can\'t be used long term because of potential serious side effects. A class of medications called immunomodulators, such as tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel), affect the immune system and may help maintain normal skin texture and reduce flares of atopic dermatitis. This prescription-only medication is approved for children older than 2 and for adults. Due to possible concerns about the effect of these medications on the immune system when used for prolonged periods, the Food and Drug Administration recommends that Elidel and Protopic be used only when other treatments have failed or if someone can\'t tolerate other treatments. Many alternative therapies  including chamomile, evening-primrose oil, witch hazel extract and borage seed oil  have been touted as possible ways to treat atopic dermatitis (eczema). However, there\'s no conclusive evidence that any of these alternative therapies are effective.
exercise for asthmatic
  Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin. It is a common condition affecting approximately 17% of the population.  It is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. As some children with atopic dermatitis grow older, their skin disease improves or disappears altogether, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated.

 Treatments for atopic dermatitis (eczema) aim to reduce inflammation, relieve itching and prevent future flare-ups. Nonprescription anti-itch creams and other self-care measures may help control mild atopic dermatitis.  Self-care measures, such as avoiding soaps or other irritants and applying creams or ointments, can help relieve itching. Corticosteroid creams or ointments can ease scaling and relieve itching. Some low-potency corticosteroid creams are available without a prescription, but you should always talk to your doctor before using any topical corticosteroid. Antibiotics help a bacterial skin infection or an open sore or fissure caused by scratching. Taking antibiotics for a short time to treat an infection or for longer periods of time to reduce bacteria on your skin and to prevent recurrent infections. If itching is severe, oral antihistamines may help. 

Although atopic dermatitis is related to allergies, eliminating allergens is rarely helpful in clearing the condition. Allergy shots usually aren\'t successful in treating atopic dermatitis.
exercise for asthmatic
 The exact cause of atopic dermatitis (eczema) is unknown, but it\'s likely due to a combination of dry, irritable skin with a malfunction in the body\'s immune system. Stress and other emotional disorders can worsen atopic dermatitis, but they don\'t cause it. Corticosteroid creams or ointments. Your doctor may recommend prescription corticosteroid creams or ointments to ease scaling and relieve itching. Some low-potency corticosteroid creams are available without a prescription, but you should always talk to your doctor before using any topical corticosteroid. Over-the-counter (nonprescription) anti-itch creams and other self-care measures may help control mild atopic dermatitis. Although atopic dermatitis is related to allergies, eliminating allergens is rarely helpful in clearing the condition. Occasionally, items that trap dust  such as feather pillows, down comforters, mattresses, carpeting and drapes  can worsen the condition. Allergy shots usually aren\'t successful in treating atopic dermatitis. Light therapy (phototherapy) As the name suggests, this treatment uses natural or artificial light. The simplest and easiest form of phototherapy involves exposing your skin to controlled amounts of natural sunlight. Other forms of light therapy include the use of artificial ultraviolet A (UVA) or ultraviolet B (UVB) light including the more recently available narrow band ultraviolet B (NBUVB) either alone or with medications. Though effective, long-term light therapy has many harmful effects, including premature skin aging and an increased risk of skin cancer.
exercise for asthmatic
 The right medications for Asthma depend on a number of things, including age,  symptoms, asthma triggers and what seems to work best to keep the asthma under control. Preventive, long-term control medications reduce the inflammation in the airways that leads to symptoms. Quick-relief inhalers (bronchodilators) quickly open swollen airways that are limiting breathing. Types of long-term control medications include: Inhaled corticosteroids.  These medications include fluticasone, budesonide, mometasone, ciclesonide, flunisolide, beclomethasone and others.

Leukotriene modifiers are oral medications (including montelukast , zafirlukast and zileutonhelp relieve asthma symptoms for up to 24 hour. These medication may have more severe side effects.

Long-acting beta agonists are inhaled medications, which include salmeterol and formoterol, open the airways and reduce inflammation.

Some research shows that thesse may increase the risk of a severe asthma attack, so take them only in combination with an inhaled corticosteroid.

Combination inhalers are medications such as fluticasone-salmeterol, budesonide-formoterol and mometasone-formoterol which contain a long-acting beta agonist along with a corticosteroid.

Because these combination inhalers contain long-acting beta agonists, they may increase the risk of having a severe asthma attack.

 A variety of asthma inhalers are available to help control asthma symptoms in adults and children.

Theophylline is a daily pill that helps keep the airways open (bronchodilator) by relaxing the muscles around the airways. It's not used as often now as in past years.



 Most asthma medications can be safely used during pregnancy. 

Not all medications are  approved for use in children by the FDA, but the doctor may prescribe them based on judgment of what\'s likely to work best for the child.
exercise for asthmatic
 Asthma is a chronic disease that affects the airways. This can cause wheezing, coughing, chest tightness and trouble breathing, especially early in the morning or at night. Asthma is treated with two kinds of medicines: quick-relief medicines to stop asthma symptoms and long-term control medicines to prevent symptoms. 

 Quick-relief medications are used as needed for rapid, short-term symptom relief during an asthma attack such as Short-acting beta agonists. When inhaled, quick-relief bronchodilators act within minutes to rapidly ease symptoms during an asthma attack. 

Many people with asthma need to take long-term control medications on a daily basis. Oral and intravenous corticosteroids such as prednisone and methylprednisolone relieve airway inflammation caused by severe asthma. They can cause serious side effects when used long term, so they're used only on a short-term basis to treat severe asthma symptoms. 

Regular use of inhaled corticosteroids helps keep asthma attacks and other problems linked to poorly controlled asthma in check.  In children, long-term use of inhaled corticosteroids may slightly delay growth, but the benefits of using these medications to maintain good asthma control generally outweigh their risks. Some inhaled asthma medication combinations contain both a corticosteroid and a bronchodilator.

 As with other LABA medications, these inhalers may increase your risk of having a severe asthma attack and should be used with caution.

Allergy medications may help if asthma is triggered or worsened by allergies. Over time, allergy shots gradually reduce the immune system reaction to specific allergens.


exercise for asthmatic
 Quick-relief (rescue) medications are used as needed for rapid, short-term symptom relief during an asthma attack  or before exercise if your doctor recommends it. Types of quick-relief medications include:  Short-acting beta agonists. These inhaled, quick-relief bronchodilators act within minutes to rapidly ease symptoms during an asthma attack. Short-acting beta agonists can be taken using a portable, hand-held inhaler or a nebulizer  a machine that converts asthma medications to a fine mist, so they can be inhaled through a face mask or a mouthpiece. Like other bronchodilators, ipratropium acts quickly to immediately relax your airways, making it easier to breathe. Ipratropium is mostly used for emphysema and chronic bronchitis, but it\'s sometimes used to treat asthma attacks. Oral and intravenous corticosteroids. These medications  which include prednisone and methylprednisolone  relieve airway inflammation caused by severe asthma. They can cause serious side effects when used long term, so they\'re used only on a short-term basis to treat severe asthma symptoms. If you have an asthma flare-up, a quick-relief inhaler can ease your symptoms right away. But if your long-term control medications are working properly, you shouldn\'t need to use your quick-relief inhaler very often. Keep a record of how many puffs you use each week. If you need to use your quick-relief inhaler more often than your doctor recommends, see your doctor.
exercise for asthmatic
Asthma is a chronic  lung disease that inflames and narrows the airways. In asthma, the inside walls of airways tubes become sore and swollen and the lungs do not get enough air. Cells in the airways may make more mucus than normal. This chain reaction can result in asthma symptoms. Symptoms may include wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath, and coughing. When symptoms get more intense and additional symptoms occur, this is an asthma attack. Severe attacks may require emergency care, and they can cause death.

Allergy-induced asthma is triggered by exposure to an allergen in the environment  such as pollen, dust mites and pet dander. In some people, skin or food allergies can cause asthma symptoms. An allergic response occurs when immune system chemicals (antibodies) mistakenly identify a harmless substance such as tree pollen as a dangerous invader. In an attempt to protect the body from the substance, antibodies attack the allergen. Some treatment can reduce both asthma and allergy symptoms, but most are designed to treat either one or the other. Allergy shots can help treat asthma by gradually reducing the  immune system response to certain allergy triggers. 

A hygiene hypothesis assumes that the Western lifestyle which emphasises hygiene and sanitation has resulted in changes in living conditions and an overall decline in infections in early childhood. This affects the way that young children's immune systems develop, and it may increase their risk for atopy and asthma. 

Asthma is treated with two kinds of medicines: quick-relief to stop asthma symptoms and long-term control to prevent symptoms. 
exercise for asthmatic
Asthma is a chronic lung disease that inflames and narrows the airways. Asthma causes recurring periods of wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath, and coughing.

Allergies occur when the immune system reacts to a foreign substance such as pollen, bee venom or pet dander. Inflaming the: skin, sinuses, airways or digestive system.

Allergies and asthma often occur together. Indoor allergens and irritants play a significant role in triggering asthma attacks. Allergic asthma is characterized by symptoms that are triggered by an allergic reaction. Exposure to dust mites can cause asthma in children who have not previously exhibited asthma symptoms. Allergic asthma is airway obstruction and inflammation that is partially reversible with medication. It is the most common form of asthma, affecting over 50% of the 20 million asthma sufferers.Over 2.5 million children under age 18 suffer from it.

Atopic dermatitis is a common, often long-lasting skin disease that affects a large percentage of the world's population.  It is a special type of allergic hypersensitivity that includes a triad of conditions that includes asthma, inhalant allergies, and a chronic dermatitis.

Some treatment can reduce both asthma and allergy symptoms, but most are designed to treat either one or the other. Montelukast (Singulair) is a medication that eases both allergy and asthma symptoms. Allergy shots can help treat asthma by gradually reducing the immune system response to certain allergy triggers. Recognizing and avoiding the allergic substances that trigger the symptoms is the most important step. 

   
exercise for asthmatic
Allergies and asthma often occur together. The same substances that trigger your hay fever symptoms may also cause asthma signs and symptoms such as shortness of breath, wheezing and chest tightness. This is called allergic asthma or allergy-induced asthma. Substances such as pollen, dust mites and pet dander are common triggers. 



In some people, skin or food allergies can cause asthma symptoms. 

Dogs, cats, rodents (including hamsters and guinea pigs) and other warm-blooded mammals can trigger asthma in individuals with an allergy to animal dander. Some people develop asthma because of contact with certain chemical irritants or industrial dusts in the workplace. This type of asthma is called occupational asthma. 



Some treatment can reduce both asthma and allergy symptoms, but most are designed to treat either one or the other. 

If your asthma symptoms are clearly related to allergens, and you can\'t avoid exposure to those allergens, your doctor may advise you to get allergy shots. Allergy shots can help treat asthma by gradually reducing your immune system response to certain allergy triggers. However, recognizing and avoiding the allergic substances that trigger your symptoms is the most important step you can take. 



Asthma is a long-term disease that has no cure. Symptoms of asthma or allergy also may improve on their own as an illness (like a cold or flu) runs its course. Hypnosis might give people with asthma or allergies more self-discipline to follow good health practices.  


exercise for asthmatic
 Most, but not all, people who have asthma have allergies. Allergens Animal Dander Allergies occur when your immune system reacts to a foreign substance such as pollen, bee venom or pet dander.This is called allergic asthma or allergy-induced asthma. Allergies and asthma often occur together.  Common allergy triggers include:  Airborne allergens, such as pollen, animal dander, dust mites and mold Certain foods, particularly peanuts, tree nuts, wheat, soy, fish, shellfish, eggs and milk Insect stings, such as bee stings or wasp stings Medications, particularly penicillin or penicillin-based antibiotics Latex or other substances you touch, which can cause allergic skin reactions. Allergies and asthma often occur together. This is called allergic asthma or allergy-induced asthma. The same substances that trigger your hay fever symptoms may also cause asthma signs and symptoms such as shortness of breath, wheezing and chest tightness. In many cases, asthma is triggered by exposure to an allergen in the environment (allergy-induced asthma). If you have an allergy, you're more likely to have asthma  an immune system reaction that affects the airways and breathing.  In many cases, asthma is triggered by exposure to an allergen in the environment (allergy-induced asthma). A few treatments can help with both conditions.
exercise for asthmatic
 Molds are microscopic fungi that live on plant and animal matter. Molds can be found almost anywhere when moisture is present. Mold spores float through the indoor and outdoor air continually. For people sensitive to molds, inhaling mold spores can trigger an asthma attack.  Mold is among the most hazardous household substances for people with allergies and asthma. They also can reach the lungs, to cause asthma or another serious illness called allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. If you have an allergy, you\'re more likely to have asthma  an immune system reaction that affects the airways and breathing. In many cases, asthma is triggered by exposure to an allergen in the environment (allergy-induced asthma). How To Control Things That Make Your Asthma Worse: Indoor Mold Fix leaky faucets, pipes, or other sources of water that have mold around them. Clean moldy surfaces with a cleaner that has bleach in it. Stay indoors with windows closed from late morning to afternoon, if you can. Clean damp areas in the bath, kitchen and around the house to keep mold spores from developing. Get rid of moldy leaves or damp firewood in the yard.
exercise for asthmatic
  An allergy is triggered when the immune system mistakes a normally harmless substance for a dangerous invader. The immune system produces antibodies that are always on the alert for your particular allergen. When you\'re exposed to the allergen again in the future, these antibodies release a number of immune system chemicals, such as histamine, that cause allergy symptoms.Researchers think some genetic and environmental factors interact to cause asthma, most often early in life including:  hereditary (from parents), tendency (atopy), respiratory infections, exposure or contact to some airborne allergens or viral infections in early childhood,  exposure to irritants.

The same factors may affect people differently. 

Researchers explore Hygiene Hypothesis which claims that the hygienic lifestyle of the west reduce the exposure of children to infections and therefore the immune system is not practiced and tends to develop allergies. 



 Indoor allergies (perennial allergic rhinitis [PAR]/nasal allergies) occur when allergens that are commonly found indoors are inhaled into the nose and the lungs causing allergic reactions. Other common triggers include:  Airborne allergens (pollen, animal dander, dust mites and mold) Certain foods, particularly peanuts, tree nuts, wheat, soy, fish, shellfish, eggs and milk. Insect stings, such as bee stings or wasp stings, Certain proteins are found in cockroach feces and saliva and can cause allergic reactions or trigger asthma. Medications, particularly penicillin or penicillin-based antibiotics Latex or other substances you touch, which can cause allergic skin reactions. Smoke from wood-burning stoves and fireplaces contain a mixture of harmful gases and small particles.
exercise for asthmatic
An allergy starts when the immune system mistakes a normally harmless substance for a dangerous invader and produces antibodies that are always on the alert for your particular allergen. When you're exposed to the allergen again in the future, these antibodies release a number of immune system chemicals, such as histamine, that cause allergy symptoms. Having an allergy increases the risk of certain medical problems, such as a runny nose, sneezing, itching, rashes, swelling, including Asthma (an immune system reaction that affects the airways and breathing). In many cases, allergies and asthma often occur together. So, If you have an allergy, you're more likely to have asthma. Asthma is triggered by exposure to an allergen in the environment (called allergy-induced asthma or allergic asthma). Allergic asthma is the most common form of asthma, affecting over 50% of the 20 million asthma sufferers. Substances such as pollen, dust mites, mold and pet dander are common triggers. In some people, skin or food allergies can cause asthma symptoms. The severity of allergies varies from person to person and can range from minor irritation to anaphylaxis a potentially life-threatening emergency. If you have asthma, you may react to just one trigger or you may find that several things act as triggers. With today's knowledge and treatments, most people who have asthma are able to manage the disease. However, recognizing and avoiding the allergic substances that trigger your symptoms is the most important step you can take.
exercise for asthmatic
 Asthma is a chronic disease that affects your airways. Your airways are tubes that carry air in and out of your lungs. If you have asthma, the inside walls of your airways become sore and swollen. That makes them very sensitive, and they may react strongly to things that you are allergic to or find irritating. When your airways react, they get narrower and your lungs get less air. This can cause wheezing, coughing, chest tightness and trouble breathing, especially early in the morning or at night. When your asthma symptoms become worse than usual, it's called an asthma attack .The exact cause of asthma isn't known, Different factors may be more likely to cause asthma in some people  than in others.Researchers think some genetic and environmental factors interact to cause asthma, most often early in life. These factors include: An inherited tendency to develop allergies, called atopy (AT-o-pe), Parents who have asthma, Certain respiratory infections during childhood, Contact with some airborne allergens or exposure to some viral infections in infancy or in early childhood when the immune system is developing. If you have asthma, you may react to just one trigger or you may find that several things act as triggers. (Triggers are things that can cause asthma symptoms)  If you have asthma, you may react to just one trigger or you may find that several things act as triggers. Some common triggers are: Getting a cold or flu Pollen, dust and animals (especially cats) Cold weather, Smoking, Exercise.   
exercise for asthmatic
What Is Mold Allergy? Mold and mildew are fungi. They differ from plants or animals in how they reproduce and grow. The "seeds" called spores, are spread by the wind outdoors and by air indoors. Some spores are released in dry, windy weather and others are released with the fog or dew when humidity is high. Inhaling the spores causes allergic reactions in some people. Although there are many types of molds, only a few dozen cause allergic reactions.

Mold spores can deposit on the lining of the nose and cause high fever symptoms.They also can reach the lungs, to cause asthma or another serious illness called allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. It is common for people to be at greater risk of developing mold allergy if they or other family members are allergic to substances such as pollen or animal dander or if their occupations includ more exposure to mold (for example: Farmers, dairymen, loggers, bakers, mill workers, carpenters, greenhouse employees, wine makers and furniture repairers). The symptoms of mold allergy are very similar to the symptoms of other allergies, such as sneezing, itching, nasal discharge, congestion and dry, scaling skin. In some people with allergy, irritation alone can cause a reaction. To diagnose an allergy to mold or fungi, the doctor will take a complete medical history, skin tests and use the physical examination all together. How Is Mold Allergy Treated? As with most allergies, patients should take some actions to avoid contact with the spores (for example: Wear a dust mask when cutting grass, digging around plants, picking up leaves, disturbing other plant materials and reduce the humidity indoors to 35%). 
exercise for asthmatic
 Molds are microscopic fungi that live on plant and animal matter. When mold spores land on damp places indoors, they may begin growing.

 Mold can trigger asthma attacks and allergic reactions (such as hay fever or eczema), and cause health problems in people without those conditions. Mold grows in humid, damp environments, so the best way to prevent and control indoor mold is to keep your home as dry and ventilated as possible. Mold spores can deposit on the lining of the nose and cause hay fever symptoms. They also can reach the lungs, to cause asthma or another serious illness called allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis.



The symptoms of mold allergy are very similar to the symptoms of other allergies, such as sneezing, itching, nasal discharge, congestion and dry, scaling skin. Some people with mold allergies may have symptoms the entire summer because of outdoor molds or year-round if symptoms are due to indoor molds. 



For diagnosis doctors use patient's medical history, skin testing results, and physical examination.  



Prognosis: Allergies cannot be cured, symptoms of the allergy can be reduced by avoiding contact with the spores. Mold quantity in the air can measured help  the carrier decide if to stay in a place.



Treatment: avoid contact with the spores, wear a dust mask when exposure may occur, reduce the humidity indoors. Medications include antihistamines and decongestants, or prescribed non-sedating antihistamines if continuous consumption of antihistamines cause drowsiness. For moderate and severe allergy symptoms, your doctor may prescribe corticosteroid nasal sprays. 
exercise for asthmatic
 Asthma is commonly divided into two types: allergic (extrinsic) asthma and non-allergic (intrinsic) asthma. Researchers think a combination of factors (family genes and certain environmental exposures) interact to cause asthma. Asthma triggers are different from person to person and can include:  Airborne allergens, such as pollen, animal dander, mold, cockroaches and dust mites Allergic reactions to some foods, such as peanuts or shellfish Respiratory infections, such as the common cold Physical activity (exercise-induced asthma) Cold air Air pollutants and irritants, such as smoke Certain medications, including beta blockers, aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin, others) and naproxen (Aleve) Strong emotions and stress Sulfites and preservatives added to some types of foods and beverages Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), a condition in which stomach acids back up into your throat Menstrual cycle in some women. If you have an allergy, you\'re more likely to have asthma  an immune system reaction that affects the airways and breathing.
exercise for asthmatic
Allergic (extrinsic) asthma is characterized by symptoms that are triggered by an allergic reaction; it is an airway obstruction and inflammation that is partially reversible with medication.

Asthma, a chronic lung disease, inflames and narrows the airways that react and tighten strongly to certain substances that are breathed in. Cells in the airways make more mucus than normal. Symptoms may include wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath, and coughing, can be mild or can get worse and intense, and cause an asthma attack which require emergency care, and can even cause death. It is more common in childhood and tends to affect boys more than girls.

Allergies and asthma often occur together. Substances such as pollen, dust mites and pet dander are common triggers. In some people, skin or food allergies can cause asthma symptoms.

 An allergic response occurs when immune system chemicals (antibodies) mistakenly identify a harmless substance such as tree pollen as a dangerous invader. The chemicals released by your immune system lead to allergy signs and symptoms, such as nasal congestion, runny nose, itchy eyes or skin reactions. For some people, this same reaction also affects the lungs and airways, leading to asthma symptoms. Some treatment can reduce both asthma and allergy symptoms, but most are designed to treat either one or the other. However, recognizing and avoiding the allergic substances that trigger symptoms is the most important step to take.

Allergy medications include oral and nasal spray antihistamines and decongestants as well as corticosteroid and cromolyn nasal sprays.  
exercise for asthmatic
Asthma is a chronic (long-term), non-curable lung disease that inflames and narrows the airways. This makes the airways swollen and very sensitive. The airways tend to react strongly to certain substances that are breathed in. When the airways react, the muscles around them tighten the airways narrow and less air flows to the lungs. The swelling also can worsen the airways condition, by making them even narrower. As of 2009, 300 million people worldwide were affected by asthma leading to approximately 250,000 deaths per year. More boys have asthma than girls, but more women have it than men. For some people, asthma is a minor nuisance and for others it can be a major problem that interferes with daily activities and may lead to a life-threatening asthma attack. What Causes Asthma? The exact cause of asthma is unknown. Researchers think some genetic and environmental factors interact to cause asthma, most often early in life. These factors include: An inherited tendency to develop allergies, called atopy (AT-o-pe), Parents who have asthma, Certain respiratory infections during childhood, Contact with some airborne allergens or exposure to some viral infections in infancy or in early childhood when the immune system is developing If asthma or atopy runs in your family, exposure to irritants (for example, tobacco smoke), Having a mother who smoked while pregnant, Being overweight, Exposure to pollution, Exposure to occupational triggers (such as chemicals used in farming), hairdressing and manufacturing, Low birth weight, animal dander, dust mites and mold Certain foods, Insect stings, Medications, Latex or other substances you touch, which can cause allergic skin reactions. However, more research is needed to determine what role they may play in developing asthma. 
exercise for asthmatic
 Allergic asthma is the most common form of asthma, affecting over 50% of the 20 million asthma sufferers.Over 2.5 million children under age 18 suffer from allergic asthma. Many of the symptoms of allergic and non-allergic asthma are the same (coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath or rapid breathing, and chest tightness). However, allergic asthma is triggered by inhaled allergens such as dust mite allergen, pet dander, pollen, mold, etc. resulting in asthma symptoms. An allergic response occurs when immune system chemicals (antibodies) mistakenly identify a harmless substance as a dangerous invader. In an attempt to protect your body from the substance, antibodies attack the allergen. The chemicals released by your immune system lead to allergy signs and symptoms, such as nasal congestion, runny nose, itchy eyes or skin reactions. For some people, this same reaction also affects the lungs and airways, leading to asthma symptoms. Common allergy triggers include:  Airborne allergens, animal dander, dust mites and mold. Certain foods, Insect stings and certain Medications. While allergies can't be cured, a number of treatments can help relieve your allergy symptoms. A few treatments can help with both conditions. For example:  Leukotriene modifier- a daily pill that helps control your immune system chemicals released during an allergic reaction, Allergy shots (immunotherapy) that can help treat asthma by gradually reducing your immune system response to certain allergy triggers. Your immune system builds up a tolerance to the allergens over time, and your allergic reactions diminish. In turn, asthma symptoms decrease as well.
exercise for asthmatic
 Molds are microscopic fungi that live on plant and animal matter. They among the most hazardous household substances for people with allergies and asthma. Fungi differ from plants or animals in how they reproduce and grow. Their "seeds", called spores, are spread by the wind outdoors and by air indoors.  Some spores are released in dry, windy weather. Others are released with the fog or dew when humidity is high. Inhaling the spores can trigger asthma attacks and allergic reactions (such as hay fever or eczema), and it can even cause health problems in people without those conditions. Allergic symptoms from fungus spores are most common from July to late summer, But with fungi growing in so many places, allergic reactions can occur year round. The symptoms are very similar to the symptoms of other allergies, such as sneezing, itching, nasal discharge, congestion and dry, scaling skin.  It is common for people to get mold allergy if they or other family members are allergic to substances such as pollen or animal dander. Some people with mold allergies may have allergy symptoms the entire summer because of outdoor molds or year-round if symptoms are due to indoor molds. Molds can reach the lungs, to cause asthma or another serious illness called allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. Sometimes the reaction is immediate, and sometimes the reaction is delayed. Symptoms often worsen in a damp or moldy room such as a basement; this may suggest mold allergy.
exercise for asthmatic
 Having asthma doesn\'t mean you have to be less active. Treatment can prevent asthma attacks and control symptoms during activity. If you already know you have EIA, or chronic asthma here is some advice to help prevent symptoms: Take two puffs of your blue reliever inhaler before warming up Do some warm-up exercise e.g. gentle exercises and stretching for 5-10 minutes. This will help to increase your heart and breathing rates gradually lessening the effects of the cold air Now you are ready to start  If you experience symptoms during playing sport/exercising: STOP and take some slow, deep breaths Take four puffs of blue inhaler (one at a time), using a spacer if accessible Return to activity if you are free of symptoms  If your symptoms continue or return after your recommence, repeat inhaler instructions and see a doctor as soon as possible. If you exercise in cold temperatures, wear a face mask to warm the air you breathe. Being active is important for people with asthma as it helps in the management of the condition. Exercise helps to strengthen the muscles used for breathing, and over time may even help to improve your EIA symptoms. Inspiratory muscle training This technique helps strengthen lung muscles with a series of breathing exercises. Breathing exercises Breathing techniques for asthma have been around for years, but many health providers remain skeptical about them. Nonetheless, in a number of studies, people who did breathing exercises reported improved symptoms.
exercise for asthmatic
The symptoms with which chronic asthma presents are cough, breathlessness, chest tightness, or wheezing and are caused by the airways in the lungs narrowing. In addition to chronic asthma another condition is Exercise Induced Asthma or (EIA) when physical activities is the only trigger causing narrowing of the airways, and producing the symptoms of asthma.

 Exercise Induced Asthma Exercise induced asthma is a relatively common problem that can go undiagnosed, as some attribute their symptoms to being unfit.    During exercise it is necessary to breath through our mouths, enabling us to acquire the large amounts of air needed to sustain the increased level of energy. In susceptible airways when we breathe air that is unfiltered, dry and cold it causes bronchoconstriction (narrowing of the airways), producing the symptoms of asthma chest tightness, wheeze/cough and breathlessness. Being active is important for people with asthma as it helps in the management of the condition. Exercise helps to strengthen the muscles used for breathing, and over time may even help to improve EIA symptoms. Frequent or severe symptoms due to physical activity may suggest poorly controlled asthma and the need to either start or increase long-term control medicines that reduce inflammation. This will help prevent exercise-related symptoms. Easing into physical activity with a warmup period may be helpful. If you use your asthma medicines as your doctor directs, you should be able to take part in any physical activity or sport you choose.
exercise for asthmatic
 Exercise Induced Asthma Exercise induced asthma is a relatively common problem that can go undiagnosed, as some attribute their symptoms to being unfit. During exercise it is necessary to breath through our mouths, enabling us to acquire the large amounts of air needed to sustain the increased level of energy. In susceptible airways when we breathe air that is unfiltered, dry and cold it causes bronchoconstriction (narrowing of the airways), producing the symptoms of asthma chest tightness, wheeze/cough and breathlessness. If you have any of these symptoms during or after playing sport or exercising/activities, you may be experiencing EIA: Shortness of breath a few minutes after starting to exercise/play sport Tight feeling in chest while playing a sport/ exercising/active Stopping exercise/sport/activity because you feel unwell Wheezing and/or coughing  If you think you may have any of the signs of EIA and have not been diagnosed with asthma, please contact your family doctor for advice. Being active is important for people with asthma as it helps in the management of the condition. Exercise helps to strengthen the muscles used for breathing, and over time may even help to improve your EIA symptoms. If you have chronic asthma it is important that you participate in sports/exercise to help in the management of asthma. If you already know you have EIA, or chronic asthma here is some advice to help prevent symptoms: Take two puffs of your blue reliever inhaler before warming up Do some warm-up exercise e.g. gentle exercises and stretching for 5-10 minutes.
exercise for asthmatic
The treatment for Atopic termatits varies and depends on the severity of your case and your age. Tacrolimus and pimecrolimus ointments are powerful topical medicated creams that are used for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. They are not particularly effective in patients with severe disease and are best used on the faces of children.For mild to moderate dermatitis in older children (over 12 years old) and adults Phototherapy is sometime used. Its a treatment with light that uses ultraviolet A or B light waves or a combination of both. Photochemotherapy, a combination of ultraviolet light therapy and a drug called psoralen, can also be used in cases that are resistant to phototherapy alone. Oral antihistamines, such as Benadryl or Atarax, can be used to treat itch associated with atopic dermatitis. However, that they can cause sleepiness and may not help in all cases.For more severe falers of atopic dermatitis, Oral corticosteroids, such as prednisone, prednisolone, and medrol, may be used. They are used if the rash covers a large part of the body and face, but they are often prescribed for a short course (5 days) to calm the rash due to numerous side effects. For more mild cases, Shampoos and soaps containing coal tar can help but use should stop immediately if there is any increase in itching or redness of the rash. if you have a bacterial skin infection or an open sore or fissure caused by scratching,  You may need antibiotics.
exercise for asthmatic
Many of the medications used to treat Atopic dermatitis have side effects that are important to know about. Oral antihistamines, such as Benadryl (diphenhydramine) or Atarax (hydroxyzine), are used to treat itch associated with atopic dermatitis can cause sleepiness and may not help in all cases of atopic dermatitis. Antihistamine creams should not be used on atopic dermatitis rashes because they contain chemicals that can actually worsen the rash. Possible side effects for Corticosteroids include:  Thinning of the skin, Skin infections Growth suppression in children (with long-term oral prednisone), Stretch marks on the skin,  Possible side effects for Nonsteroidal Topical Immunomodulators include:  Temporary mild warmth, burning, or itching  Side effects for Antihistamines include:  Drowsiness, Dry mouth, nose, or throat.    Corticosteroids can be absorbed through the skin and cause problems throughout the body. Side effects include headache, indigestion, increased appetite, restlessness, and increased risk of infection.Using topical corticosteroids on the face can result in enlarged blood vessels (telangiectasias), bruising, acne, and stretch marks (striae).     Coal tar, actually made by melting coal, that has long been a treatment for a variety of skin, can be very irritating to already inflamed skin.Long term Light therapy,Though effective, has many harmful effects, including premature skin aging and an increased risk of skin cancer. 
exercise for asthmatic
Treatments for atopic dermatitis (eczema) aim to reduce inflammation, relieve itching and prevent future flare-ups. Over-the-counter (nonprescription) anti-itch creams and other self-care measures may help control mild atopic dermatitis. An example for nonprescription cream is low-potency corticosteroid creams, but you should always talk to your doctor before using any topical corticosteroid. Your doctor may recommend prescription corticosteroid creams or ointments to ease scaling and relieve itching. There are side effects of long-term or repeated use of these creams. You may need antibiotics if you have a bacterial skin infection or an open sore or fissure caused by scratching. Your doctor may recommend taking antibiotics for a short time to treat an infection or for longer periods of time to reduce bacteria on your skin and to prevent recurrent infections. If itching is severe, oral antihistamines may help, such as Benadryl (diphenhydramine) or Atarax (hydroxyzine). For more severe cases, your doctor may prescribe oral corticosteroids, such as prednisone, or an intramuscular injection of corticosteroids to reduce inflammation and to control symptoms. These medications are effective, but can't be used long term because of potential serious side effects. A class of medications called immunomodulators, such as tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel), affect the immune system and may help maintain normal skin texture and reduce flares of atopic dermatitis. This prescription-only medications is approved for children older than 2 and for adults. They are not particularly effective in patients with severe disease, with possible concerns about their effect on the immune system and are best used on the faces of children. There is also the possibility to get allergy shots, but usually they aren't successful in treating atopic dermatitis.
exercise for asthmatic
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin. It is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another. The word dermatitis means inflammation of the skin. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, and finally, crusting and scaling. In most cases, there are periods of time when the disease is worse (called exacerbations or flares) followed by periods when the skin improves or clears up entirely (called remissions). As some children with atopic dermatitis grow older, their skin disease improves or disappears altogether, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood. Atopic dermatitis is often referred to as eczema, which is a general term for the several types of inflammation of the skin. Atopic dermatitis is the most common of the many types of eczema.
exercise for asthmatic
There are some side effects of different medications. Topical corticosteroids include the following: A burning sensation, itching, irritation, dryness, or redness may develop in the area where the medicine is applied. Using topical corticosteroids on the face can result in enlarged blood vessels (telangiectasias), bruising, acne, and stretch marks (striae). With long-term use, high-strength topical corticosteroids cause temporary thinning of the skin, making it more easily irritated. But when used carefully and mostly in low-strength doses, topical corticosteroids can be used for up to 10 years without severe side effects. Corticosteroids can be absorbed through the skin and cause problems throughout the body. Side effects include headache, indigestion, increased appetite, restlessness, increased risk of infection, thinning of the skin, skin infections, growth suppression in children (with long-term oral prednisone), stretch marks on the skin, thinning of the bones, and suppression of the immune system. If your skin rash gets worse or if you have blurred vision, increased urination, excessive thirst, or mood changes, see your doctor. Side effects are associated with long-term use of corticosteroids. You and your doctor must watch for side effects and weigh them against the potential benefit of corticosteroid treatment. Though they may clear atopic dermatitis well, the side effects are too risky to warrant using them as a first-line treatment. Possible side effects for nonsteroidal topical immunomodulators include: temporary mild warmth, burning or itching. Side effects for antihistamines include: drowsiness (do not drive a car or operate heavy machinery until you know how these drugs affect you), dry mouth, nose or throat.  Antihistamine creams should not be used on atopic dermatitis rashes because they contain chemicals that can actually worsen the rash.
exercise for asthmatic
 Atopic dermatitis is the most common of the many types of eczema. Its a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin. Its a distinct condition in persons who are genetically predisposed to developing immunoglobulin (Ig) E-mediated hypersensitivity reactions. Atopic dernatitis is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another. The word dermatitis means inflammation of the skin. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, and finally, crusting and scaling. In most cases, there are periods of time when the disease is worse (called exacerbations or flares) followed by periods when the skin improves or clears up entirely (called remissions).  Although atopic dermatitis can occur in any age, most often it affects infants and young children. In some the skin disease improves or disappears altogether with age, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood.  The cause of atopic dermatitis is not known, but the disease seems to result from a combination of genetic (hereditary) and environmental factors. There seems to be a basic hypersensitivity and an increased tendency toward itching. While emotional factors and stress may in some cases exacerbate or initiate the condition, they do not seem to be a primary or underlying cause for the disorder. 
exercise for asthmatic
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin and a large percentage of the world's population. It is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another, unless they have active skin infections. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. Atopic dermatitis is often referred to as eczema, which is a general term for the several types of inflammation of the skin. Atopic dermatitis is the most common of the many types of eczema. In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. The cause of atopic dermatitis is not known, but the disease seems to result from a combination of genetic (hereditary) and environmental factors. A wide range of environmental factors, such as contact allergens, stress, food, skin flora and humidity, play roles in the development and severity of atopic dermatitis. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, and finally, crusting and scaling. In most cases, there are periods of time when the disease is worse (called exacerbations or flares) followed by periods when the skin improves or clears up entirely (called remissions). Although atopic dermatitis can occur in any age, most often it affects infants and young children. As some children with atopic dermatitis grow older, their skin disease improves or disappears altogether, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood. Self-care measures, such as avoiding soaps or other irritants and applying creams or ointments, can help relieve itching. Tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel) ointments are powerful and expensive topical medicated creams (drugs that are applied to the skin) that are used for the treatment of atopic dermatitis.
exercise for asthmatic
Corticosteroid creams or ointments. Your doctor may recommend prescription corticosteroid creams or ointments to ease scaling and relieve itching. Some low-potency corticosteroid creams are available without a prescription, but you should always talk to your doctor before using any topical corticosteroid. Side effects of long-term or repeated use can include skin irritation or discoloration, thinning of the skin, infections, and stretch marks on the skin. Antibiotics. You may need antibiotics if you have a bacterial skin infection or an open sore or fissure caused by scratching. Your doctor may recommend taking antibiotics for a short time to treat an infection or for longer periods of time to reduce bacteria on your skin and to prevent recurrent infections. Antibiotics. You may need antibiotics if you have a bacterial skin infection or an open sore or fissure caused by scratching. Your doctor may recommend taking antibiotics for a short time to treat an infection or for longer periods of time to reduce bacteria on your skin and to prevent recurrent infections. Oral antihistamines. If itching is severe, oral antihistamines may help. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl, others) can make you sleepy and may be helpful at bedtime. If your skin cracks open, your doctor may prescribe mildly astringent wet dressings to prevent infection. in severe cases your doctor may prescribe oral or injection Corticosteroid such as prednisone, or an intramuscular injection of corticosteroids to reduce inflammation and to control symptoms. those treatments have severe side effects. A class of medications called immunomodulators, such as tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel), affect the immune system and may help maintain normal skin texture.
exercise for asthmatic
Oral antihistamines, such as Benadryl (diphenhydramine) or Atarax (hydroxyzine), can be used to treat itch associated with atopic dermatitis. It\'s important to note, however, that they can cause sleepiness and may not help in all cases of atopic dermatitis. Antihistamine creams should not be used on atopic dermatitis rashes because they contain chemicals that can actually worsen the rash. Oral corticosteroids, such as prednisone, prednisolone, and medrol, may be used for more severe flares of atopic dermatitis. They are used if the rash covers a large part of the body and face. Oral steroids used long term have numerous side effects, including weight gain, thinning of the bones, and suppression of the immune system. Though they may clear atopic dermatitis well, the side effects are too risky to warrant using them as a first-line treatment. To avoid these side effects, but still benefit from the medication, oral steroids are often prescribed for a short course (5 days) to calm the rash. Topical steroids can then be used on the remaining rash. Coal tar, actually made by melting coal, has long been a treatment for a variety of skin conditions. Shampoos and soaps containing coal tar can help with mild cases of atopic dermatitis. Coal tar tends to work better on thickened skin that is not scaly, or to ease very early symptoms of itching. However, coal tar can be very irritating to already inflamed skin. It is OK to try coal tar for mild cases of atopic dermatitis, but use should stop immediately if there is any increase in itching or redness of the rash. 
exercise for asthmatic
Breathing exercises Breathing techniques for asthma have been around for years, but many health providers remain skeptical about them. They don\'t seem to improve the underlying allergic reaction that causes asthma symptoms. Nonetheless, in a number of studies, people who did breathing exercises reported improved symptoms. Breathing methods vary, but generally involve learning to:  Take breaths less often Take slower breaths Breathe through your nose rather than your mouth Use your abdominal muscles to take deep \"belly breaths\" (diaphragmatic breathing) A few breathing techniques used for asthma include the Buteyko breathing technique and yoga breathing (pranayama). Inspiratory muscle training This technique helps strengthen lung muscles with a series of breathing exercises. It\'s sometimes used for other lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and after certain types of surgery. These exercises definitely strengthen the muscles of your lungs, but there\'s not enough proof to say whether they help with asthma. Massage and chiropractic treatment Although some claim that these treatments help, there\'s no evidence that physical manipulation of the spine or muscles reduces asthma symptoms. Relaxation therapy Relaxation therapy techniques include meditation, biofeedback, hypnosis and progressive muscle relaxation. It\'s unclear whether any of these techniques directly help with asthma, but they do seem to reduce stress and promote a sense of well-being.
exercise for asthmatic
If you exercise in cold temperatures, wear a face mask to warm the air you breathe. To help prevent symptoms: Take two puffs of your blue reliever inhaler before warming up Do some warm-up exercise e.g. gentle exercises and stretching for 5-10 minutes. This will help to increase your heart and breathing rates gradually lessening the effects of the cold air Now you are ready to start  If you experience symptoms during playing sport/exercising: STOP and take some slow, deep breaths Take four puffs of blue inhaler (one at a time), using a spacer if accessible Return to activity if you are free of symptoms  If your symptoms continue or return after your recommence, repeat inhaler instructions and see a doctor as soon as possible.  At times, programs for students who have asthma may need to be temporarily modified, such as by varying the type, intensity, duration, and/or frequency of activity. At all times, students who have asthma should be included in activities as much as possible. The good news is that today\'s treatments can successfully control asthma so that most students can participate fully in regular school and childcare activities, including play, sports, and other physical activities.
exercise for asthmatic
Exercise induced asthma is a relatively common problem that can go undiagnosed, as some attribute their symptoms to being unfit. It is considered as a non-allergic asthma, where the immune system is not involved in the reaction. Like allergic asthma, it is characterized by airway obstruction and inflammation that is at least partially reversible with medication.

In addition to chronic asthma another condition is Exercise Induced Asthma or (EIA) when physical activities is the only trigger causing narrowing of the airways, and producing the symptoms of asthma such as  cough, breathlessness, chest tightness, or wheezing.

During exercise it is necessary to breath through the mouth and the nose, enabling to acquire the large amounts of air needed to sustain the increased level of energy.

If susceptible airways is unfiltered, dry and cold it causes bronchoconstriction (narrowing of the airways), producing the symptoms of asthma chest tightness, wheeze/cough and breathlessness.

Sympthoms include shortness of breath a few minutes after starting to a strenuous physical activity or a tight feeling in chest which forces one to stop, wheezing and/or coughing.

Exercise provokes symptoms in most children with poorly controlled asthma, the student who has asthma symptoms with physical activity may need to be evaluated by his or her health care provider.

Even for a student who has exercise-induced asthma, the frequent use of quick-relief medication during or after exercise may signal the need to return to his or her health care provider to add a daily long-term control medication or to increase the dosage.
exercise for asthmatic
Exercise Induced Asthma Exercise induced asthma is a relatively common problem that can go undiagnosed, as some attribute their symptoms to being unfit. To help you understand the condition and know how to manage it here are a few pointers. The symptoms with which chronic asthma presents are cough, breathlessness, chest tightness, or wheezing and are caused by the airways in the lungs narrowing. Many triggers cause chronic asthma e.g. colds, dust mites and exercise. In addition to chronic asthma another condition is Exercise Induced Asthma or (EIA) when physical activities is the only trigger causing narrowing of the airways, and producing the symptoms of asthma. What happens? When breathing normally air enters our lungs through the nose, where it is warmed, moistened, and filtered. During exercise it is necessary to breath through our mouths, enabling us to acquire the large amounts of air needed to sustain the increased level of energy. In susceptible airways when we breathe air that is unfiltered, dry and cold it causes bronchoconstriction (narrowing of the airways), producing the symptoms of asthma chest tightness, wheeze/cough and breathlessness. How will I know if I have EIA...? If you have any of these symptoms during or after playing sport or exercising/activities, you may be experiencing EIA: Shortness of breath a few minutes after starting to exercise/play sport Tight feeling in chest while playing a sport/ exercising/active Stopping exercise/sport/activity because you feel unwell Wheezing and/or coughing  If you think you may have any of the signs of EIA and have not been diagnosed with asthma, please contact your family doctor for advice.
exercise for asthmatic
In addition to chronic asthma another condition is Exercise Induced Asthma or (EIA) when physical activities is the only trigger causing narrowing of the airways, and producing the symptoms of asthma. This condition is Non-Allergic (intrinsic) asthma that triggered by factors not related to allergies, in this case: exercise. Exercise induced asthma is a relatively common problem that can go undiagnosed, as some attribute their symptoms to being unfit. Exercise-induced asthma, may be worse when the air is cold so there is a need to use a quick-relief inhaler more often for some people. If you have any of these symptoms during or after playing sport or exercising/activities, you may be experiencing EIA: shortness of breath a few minutes after starting to exercise/play sport, tight feeling in chest while playing a sport/exercising/active, stopping exercise/sport/activity because you feel unwell Wheezing and/or coughing. If you think you may have any of the signs of EIA and have not been diagnosed with asthma, please contact your family doctor for advice. Being active is important for people with asthma as it helps in the management of the condition. Exercise helps to strengthen the muscles used for breathing, and over time may even help to improve your EIA symptoms.  Physical activity is an important part of a healthy lifestyle. Talk with your doctor about medicines that can help you stay active.
exercise for asthmatic
Being active is important for people with asthma as it helps in the management of the condition.
Exercise helps to strengthen the muscles used for breathing, and over time may even help to improve your EIA symptoms.
It is important to participate in sports/exercise when there is chronic asthma, in order to help in the management of asthma.
Some advice to help prevent symptoms while exercising: two puffs of the blue reliever inhaler before warming up, some warm-up exercise e.g. gentle exercises and stretching for 5-10 minutes. This will help to increase the heart and breathing rates gradually lessening the effects of the cold air and only after that to start. If one experiences symptoms during playing sport/exercising, one should stop and take some slow, deep breaths, take four puffs of blue inhaler (one at a time), using a spacer if accessible, then return to activity if you are free of symptoms If your symptoms continue or return after your recommence, repeat inhaler instructions and see a doctor as soon as possible.

Inspiratory muscle training helps strengthen lung muscles with a series of breathing exercises.
It is s sometimes used for other lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and after certain types of surgery. Though, there's not enough proof to say whether they help with asthma.

	
exercise for asthmatic
 Prevention and long-term control are key in stopping asthma attacks before they start. Treatment usually involves learning to recognize your triggers and taking steps to avoid them, and tracking your breathing to make sure your daily asthma medications are keeping symptoms under control. In case of an asthma flare-up, you may need to use a quick-relief inhaler, such as albuterol.  The right medications for you depend on a number of things, including your age, symptoms, your asthma triggers and what seems to work best to keep your asthma under control. Preventive, long-term control medications reduce the inflammation in your airways that leads to symptoms.They are taken daily and are the cornerstone of asthma treatment. Quick-relief inhalers (bronchodilators) quickly open swollen airways that are limiting breathing. In some cases, allergy medications are necessary. Long term medications keep asthma under control on a day-to-day basis and make it less likely to have an asthma attack. Types of long-term control medications include:  Inhaled corticosteroids. You may need to use these medications for several days to weeks before they reach their maximum benefit. Quick-relief medications are used as needed for rapid, short-term symptom relief during an asthma attack  or before exercise if your doctor recommends it. Types of quick-relief medications include:  Short-acting beta agonists. These inhaled, quick-relief bronchodilators act within minutes to rapidly ease symptoms during an asthma attack. But if your long-term control medications are working properly, you shouldn't need to use your quick-relief inhaler very often.
exercise for asthmatic
 Corticosteroids are medicines that help prevent asthma symptoms occurring by reducing the inflammation in the airways. Cortisone, is part of a family of substances known as steroids which are produced by the body to help it function normally. Corticosteroids were developed from cortisone and are agents that decrease inflammation. The medication is used in several forms, to treat many different conditions. It reduces itching, swelling, redness, and allergic reactions, used in treating skin problems, severe allergies, asthma and arthritis. Inhaled corticosteroids are a maintenance medicine that helps to prevent severe asthma symptoms. They are prescribed for patients of all ages to treat different levels of persistent asthma. They work by dampening down the inflammation in the airways, and are the most effective agents for treating asthma. As a result, asthma symptoms and sudden acute attacks occur less often. To be effective, they need to be taken once or twice every day as prescribed by your doctor. They are of no benefit when used for symptoms, unlike bronchodilators, or when taken on an odd occasion. Common Corticosteroids: Beclozone (Beclomethasone), Flixotide (Fluticasone), Pulmicort (Budesonide). Some preventers may take 3 to 4 weeks to become effective others only take a few days, so it may take some time before you notice a difference in your your asthma. Some people on inhaled corticosteroids may have local side effects such as sore throat, husky voice, thrush (an infection) in the mouth. These side effects can be avoided by using a spacer.
exercise for asthmatic
 A variety of asthma inhalers are available to help control asthma symptoms in adults and children. QUICK-RELIEF MEDICATIONS (also known as short-acting bronchodilators) are taken when needed for rapid, short-term relief of asthma symptoms. LONG-TERM CONTROL MEDICATIONS are usually taken daily to control underlying airway inflammation and thereby prevent asthma symptoms.Types of asthma inhalers include:  Metered dose inhalers. Dry powder inhaler. Metered dose inhaler with a spacer.  Take the medication exactly as prescribed. Don't stop taking the medication or adjust the dosage on your own. Types of quick-relief medications include:  Short-acting beta agonists. They include albuterol (ProAir HFA, Ventolin HFA, others), levalbuterol (Xopenex HFA) and pirbuterol (Maxair). Ipratropium (Atrovent). Ipratropium (Atrovent). Like other bronchodilators, ipratropium acts quickly to immediately relax your airways, making it easier to breathe. Oral and intravenous corticosteroids. Allergy medications may help if your asthma is triggered or worsened by allergies. Inhaled corticosteroids These anti-inflammatory drugs are the most effective and commonly used long-term control medications for asthma.
exercise for asthmatic
Asthma is a chronic (longterm) lung disease that inflames and narrows the airways. it is can not be cured but its sympthoms can be controlled.  It is treated with two types of medicines:   long term control and quick relief medicines. Long term control medicines help reduce airway inflammation and prevent asthma symptoms. such medicine are doctor prescribes and should be taken daily. Quick relief, or rescue, medicines relieve asthma symptoms when they flare up. an inhaler is a common quick relief medicine. it is important to practice using your inhaler at the doctors office in order to learn the correct usage. Your initial asthma treatment will depend on how severe your disease is. The goal of asthma treatment is to control the disease and prevent asthma attacks. Good asthma control will: 	 Prevent chronic and troublesome symptoms, such as coughing and shortness of breath  	 Reduce your need for quick relief medicines  	 Help you maintain good lung function  	 Let you maintain your normal activity levels and sleep through the night 	 Prevent asthma attacks that could result in  your going to the emergency room or being admitted to the hospital for treatment  To reach this goal, you should actively partner with your doctor to manage the disease and create and follow an asthma action plan. With todays knowledge and treatments, most people who have asthma are able to manage the disease. They have few, if any, symptoms and can live normal, active lives.
exercise for asthmatic
 Corticosteroids are medicines that help prevent asthma symptoms occurring by reducing the inflammation in the airways. Cortisone, is part of a family of substances known as steroids which are produced by the body to help it function normally. It reduces itching, swelling, redness, and allergic reactions, used in treating skin problems, severe allergies, asthma and arthritis. Inhaled corticosteroids are prescribed for patients of all ages to treat different levels of persistent asthma. To be effective, they need to be taken once or twice every day as prescribed by your doctor. Inhaled steroids are not addictive. The dose is carefully worked out according to you/your childs weight. Its best to give each dose of steroid with food in the morning, usually at breakfast time. Steroids given by mouth During severe acute asthma episodes you/your child may need a higher dose of corticosteroids to be taken by mouth. A larger dose of steroid taken this way allows the medicine to work faster. These anti-inflammatory drugs are the most effective and commonly used long-term control medications for asthma. Corticosteroids don't generally cause serious side effects. After you use it, rinse your mouth with water, gargle, and spit out. Corticosteroid creams or ointments. Your doctor may recommend prescription corticosteroid creams or ointments to ease scaling and relieve itching. Some people on inhaled corticosteroids may have local side effects such as: sore throat, husky voice, thrush (an infection) in the mouth. Inhaled steroids are not addictive.
exercise for asthmatic
 Asthma is a longterm lung disease that cant be cured.It causes inflammation and narrowing of the airways, making them swollen and  very sensitive. That can result in asthma symptoms. Symptoms may include wheezing , chest tightness, shortness of breath, and coughing. When symptoms get more intense and/or additional symptoms occur, this is an asthma attack. Its important to treat symptoms when you first notice them. This will help prevent the symptoms from worsening and causing a severe asthma attack that may require emergency care, and can cause death.  Asthma is treated with two types of medicines:   longterm control and quickrelief medicines. Longterm control medicines help reduce airway inflammation and prevent asthma symptoms. Quickrelief, or rescue, medicines relieve asthma symptoms when they flare up. Your initial asthma treatment will depend on how severe your disease is. Followup asthma treatment will depend on how well your asthma action plan is working to control your symptoms and prevent asthma attacks. The goal of asthma treatment is to control the disease and prevent asthma attacks. Good asthma control will Prevent chronic and troublesome symptoms, such as shortness of breath, Reduce your need for quickrelief medicines, Let you maintain your normal activity levels and sleep through the night and will Prevent severe asthma attacks. To reach this goal, you should actively partner with your doctor to manage the disease and create and follow an asthma action plan. With todays knowledge and treatments, most people who have asthma are able to manage the disease.
exercise for asthmatic
 The goal of asthma treatment is to control the disease and prevent asthma attacks. It is treated with two types of medicines: longterm control and quickrelief medicines. Longterm control medicines help reduce airway inflammation and prevent asthma symptoms. Quickrelief, or rescue, medicines relieve asthma symptoms when they flare up. An asthma action plan gives guidance on taking your medicines properly, avoiding factors that worsen your asthma, tracking your level of asthma control, responding to worsening asthma, and seeking emergency care when  needed. Good asthma control will: Prevent chronic and troublesome symptoms, such as coughing and shortness of breath Reduce your need for quickrelief medicines Help you maintain good lung function Let you maintain your normal activity levels and sleep through the night Prevent asthma attacks that could result in  your going to the emergency room or being admitted to the hospital for treatment  To reach this goal, you should actively partner with your doctor to manage the disease and create and follow an asthma action plan. Your initial asthma treatment will depend on how severe your disease is. Asthma can\'t be cured, but its symptoms can be controlled. Because asthma often changes over time, it\'s important that you work with your doctor to track your signs and symptoms and adjust treatment as needed.
exercise for asthmatic
Most asthma medications are inhaled as sprays or powders and may be taken using metered-dose inhalers, dry powder inhalers, or nebulizers. A metered-dose inhaler is a pressurized canister that delivers a dose of medication and does not require deep and fast breathing (see Appendix 3 for instructions). A dry powder inhaler is another kind of inhaler that does require deep and fast breathing to get the medication into the lungs (see Appendix 4 for instructions). A nebulizer is a machine that turns liquid medication into a fine mist. Whichever delivery method is used, it is important for patient to take their medications correctly. LONG-TERM CONTROL MEDICATIONS are usually taken daily to control underlying airway inflammation and thereby prevent asthma symptoms. They can significantly reduce a patient need for quick-relief medication. Inhaled corticosteroids are the most effective long-term control medications for asthma. It is important to remember that inhaled corticosteroids are generally safe for long-term use when taken as prescribed. They are not addictive and are not the same as illegal anabolic steroids used by some athletes to build muscles. QUICK-RELIEF MEDICATIONS are taken when needed for rapid, short-term relief of asthma symptoms. They help stop asthma attacks by temporarily relaxing the muscles around the airways. However, they do nothing to treat the underlying airway inflammation that caused the symptoms to flare up. An additional use for quick-relief medications is the prevention of asthma symptoms in patients who have exercise-induced asthma. These patients may be directed  to take their quick-relief medication inhaler 5 minutes before physical activities.
exercise for asthmatic
Corticosteroids were developed from cortisone and are agents that decrease inflammation. The medication is used in several forms, to treat many different conditions. It reduces itching, swelling, redness, and allergic reactions, used in treating skin problems, severe allergies, asthma and arthritis. Although corticosteroids are part of the steroid family they are not the same as the anabolic steroids some athletes and body-builders use to enhance their muscles and gain strength. Anabolic steroids can have serious side effects. Inhaled corticosteroids are prescribed for patients of all ages to treat different levels of persistent asthma. They work by dampening down the inflammation in the airways, and are the most effective agents for treating asthma. As a result, asthma symptoms and sudden acute attacks occur less often. To be effective, they need to be taken once or twice every day as prescribed by your doctor. They are of no benefit when used for symptoms, unlike bronchodilators or when taken on an odd occasion. Inhaled corticosteroids are a maintenance medicine that helps to prevent severe asthma symptoms. Common Corticosteroids:      Beclozone (Beclomethasone)\     Flixotide (Fluticasone)     Pulmicort (Budesonide)   Some preventers may take 3 to 4 weeks to become effective others only take a few days, so it may take some time before you notice a difference in your childs or your asthma. You may also notice that the blue inhaler is not needed as often.
exercise for asthmatic
Treating atopic dermatitis in infants and children Give brief, lukewarm baths. Apply an emollient immediately following the bath. Keep a child\'s fingernails filed short. Select soft cotton fabrics when choosing clothing. Consider using antihistamines to reduce scratching at night. Keep the child cool; avoid situations where overheating occurs. Learn to recognize skin infections and seek treatment promptly. Attempt to distract the child with activities to keep him or her from scratching. 
Tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel) ointments are powerful and expensive topical medicated creams (drugs that are applied to the skin) that are used for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. They are not particularly effective in patients with severe disease and are best used on the faces of children. Phototherapy is treatment with light that uses ultraviolet A or B light waves or a combination of both. This treatment can be an effective treatment for mild to moderate dermatitis in older children (over 12 years old) and adults. Photochemotherapy, a combination of ultraviolet light therapy and a drug called psoralen, can also be used in cases that are resistant to phototherapy alone. Possible long-term side effects of this treatment include premature skin aging and skin cancer. If the doctor thinks that phototherapy may be useful in treating the symptoms of atopic dermatitis, he or she will use the minimum exposure necessary and monitor the skin carefully.
exercise for asthmatic
 Although atopic dermatitis can occur in any age, most often it affects infants and young children. Most children with atopic dermatitis enter into a permanent remission of the disease when they get older, although their skin may remain somewhat dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood. Treating atopic dermatitis in infants and children includes      Giving brief, lukewarm baths and Applying an emollient immediately following the bath, Keeping the child's fingernails filed short, Selecting soft cotton fabrics when choosing clothing. using antihistamines to reduce scratching at night should be considered. The parent should keep the child cool and avoid situations where overheating occurs. He should learn to recognize skin infections and seek treatment promptly. When a child has atopic dermatitis, the entire family situation may be affected. It is important that families have additional support to help them cope with the stress and frustration associated with the disease. The child may be fussy and difficult and often is unable to keep from scratching and rubbing the skin. Distracting the child and providing as many activities that keep the hands busy are key but require effort and work on the part of the parents or caregivers. The child may face difficulty in school or other social relationships and may need additional support and encouragement from family members.
exercise for asthmatic
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin. It is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another through skin contact. There is generally no cause for concern in being around someone with even an active case of atopic dermatitis, unless they have active skin infections. The word dermatitis means inflammation of the skin. The term atopic is from the Greek meaning strange. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, and finally, crusting and scaling. In most cases, there are periods of time when the disease is worse (called exacerbations or flares) followed by periods when the skin improves or clears up entirely (called remissions). Atopic dermatitis is often referred to as eczema, which is a general term for the several types of inflammation of the skin. Atopic dermatitis is the most common of the many types of eczema. Although atopic dermatitis can occur in any age, most often it affects infants and young children. Occasionally, it may persist into adulthood or may actually appear at that time. Some patients tend to have a protracted course with various ups and downs. The cause of atopic dermatitis is unknown, but it may result from a combination of inherited tendencies for sensitive skin and malfunction in the body's immune system.
exercise for asthmatic
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin. It is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another. The word dermatitis means inflammation of the skin. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, and finally, crusting and scaling. In most cases, there are periods of time when the disease is worse (called exacerbations or flares) followed by periods when the skin improves or clears up entirely (called remissions). As some children with atopic dermatitis grow older, their skin disease improves or disappears altogether, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood. Atopic dermatitis is often referred to as eczema, which is a general term for the several types of inflammation of the skin. Atopic dermatitis is the most common of the many types of eczema.
exercise for asthmatic
 Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin. It is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another. The word dermatitis means inflammation of the skin. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. Atopic dermatitis affects a large percentage of the world's population.It is a special type of allergic hypersensitivity that includes a triad of conditions that includes asthma, inhalant allergies (hay fever), and a chronic dermatitis (eczema). In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, and finally, crusting and scaling. In most cases, there are periods of time when the disease is worse (called exacerbations or flares) followed by periods when the skin improves or clears up entirely (called remissions). As some children with atopic dermatitis grow older, their skin disease improves or disappears altogether, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood. Atopic dermatitis is the most common of the many types of eczema. There is a known hereditary component of the disease, and it is more common in affected families. Criteria that enable to diagnose it include the typical appearance and distribution of the rash in a patient with a personal or family history of asthma and/or hay fever.
exercise for asthmatic
Atopic dermatitis most often begins in childhood before age 5 and may persist into adulthood. Most children with atopic dermatitis enter into a permanent remission of the disease when they get older, although their skin may remain somewhat dry and easily irritated.  For some, it flares periodically and then subsides for a time, even up to several years. Itching may be severe, and scratching the rash can make it even itchier and cause more inflammation. Once the skin barrier is broken, the skin can become infected by bacteria, especially Staphylococcus aureus, which commonly live on the skin. Breaking this itch-scratch cycle can be challenging. When atopic dermatitis occurs in infants, it's called infantile eczema. This condition may continue into childhood and adolescence. Infantile eczema often involves an oozing, crusting rash, mainly on the skin of the face and scalp, but it can occur anywhere. After infancy, the rash becomes dryer and tends to be red to brown-gray in color. In adolescence, the skin may be scaly or thickened and easily irritated. The intense itching may continue. As some children with atopic dermatitis grow older, their skin disease improves or disappears altogether, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood. A class of medications called immunomodulators, such as tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel), affect the immune system and may help maintain normal skin texture and reduce flares of atopic dermatitis. This prescription-only medication is approved for children older than 2 and for adults.
atopic dermatitis
 Over-the-counter (nonprescription) anti-itch creams and other self-care measures may help control mild atopic dermatitis. Your doctor may recommend prescription corticosteroid creams or ointments to ease scaling and relieve itching. Some low-potency corticosteroid creams are available without a prescription, but you should always talk to your doctor before using any topical corticosteroid. If itching is severe, oral antihistamines may help. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl, others) can make you sleepy and may be helpful at bedtime. For more severe cases, your doctor may prescribe oral corticosteroids, such as prednisone, or an intramuscular injection of corticosteroids to reduce inflammation and to control symptoms. These medications are effective, but can\'t be used long term because of potential serious side effects. A class of medications called immunomodulators, such as tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel), affect the immune system and may help maintain normal skin texture and reduce flares of atopic dermatitis. This prescription-only medication is approved for children older than 2 and for adults. Due to possible concerns about the effect of these medications on the immune system when used for prolonged periods, the Food and Drug Administration recommends that Elidel and Protopic be used only when other treatments have failed or if someone can\'t tolerate other treatments. Many alternative therapies  including chamomile, evening-primrose oil, witch hazel extract and borage seed oil  have been touted as possible ways to treat atopic dermatitis (eczema). However, there\'s no conclusive evidence that any of these alternative therapies are effective.
atopic dermatitis
  Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin. It is a common condition affecting approximately 17% of the population.  It is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. As some children with atopic dermatitis grow older, their skin disease improves or disappears altogether, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated.

 Treatments for atopic dermatitis (eczema) aim to reduce inflammation, relieve itching and prevent future flare-ups. Nonprescription anti-itch creams and other self-care measures may help control mild atopic dermatitis.  Self-care measures, such as avoiding soaps or other irritants and applying creams or ointments, can help relieve itching. Corticosteroid creams or ointments can ease scaling and relieve itching. Some low-potency corticosteroid creams are available without a prescription, but you should always talk to your doctor before using any topical corticosteroid. Antibiotics help a bacterial skin infection or an open sore or fissure caused by scratching. Taking antibiotics for a short time to treat an infection or for longer periods of time to reduce bacteria on your skin and to prevent recurrent infections. If itching is severe, oral antihistamines may help. 

Although atopic dermatitis is related to allergies, eliminating allergens is rarely helpful in clearing the condition. Allergy shots usually aren\'t successful in treating atopic dermatitis.
atopic dermatitis
 The exact cause of atopic dermatitis (eczema) is unknown, but it\'s likely due to a combination of dry, irritable skin with a malfunction in the body\'s immune system. Stress and other emotional disorders can worsen atopic dermatitis, but they don\'t cause it. Corticosteroid creams or ointments. Your doctor may recommend prescription corticosteroid creams or ointments to ease scaling and relieve itching. Some low-potency corticosteroid creams are available without a prescription, but you should always talk to your doctor before using any topical corticosteroid. Over-the-counter (nonprescription) anti-itch creams and other self-care measures may help control mild atopic dermatitis. Although atopic dermatitis is related to allergies, eliminating allergens is rarely helpful in clearing the condition. Occasionally, items that trap dust  such as feather pillows, down comforters, mattresses, carpeting and drapes  can worsen the condition. Allergy shots usually aren\'t successful in treating atopic dermatitis. Light therapy (phototherapy) As the name suggests, this treatment uses natural or artificial light. The simplest and easiest form of phototherapy involves exposing your skin to controlled amounts of natural sunlight. Other forms of light therapy include the use of artificial ultraviolet A (UVA) or ultraviolet B (UVB) light including the more recently available narrow band ultraviolet B (NBUVB) either alone or with medications. Though effective, long-term light therapy has many harmful effects, including premature skin aging and an increased risk of skin cancer.
atopic dermatitis
 The right medications for Asthma depend on a number of things, including age,  symptoms, asthma triggers and what seems to work best to keep the asthma under control. Preventive, long-term control medications reduce the inflammation in the airways that leads to symptoms. Quick-relief inhalers (bronchodilators) quickly open swollen airways that are limiting breathing. Types of long-term control medications include: Inhaled corticosteroids.  These medications include fluticasone, budesonide, mometasone, ciclesonide, flunisolide, beclomethasone and others.

Leukotriene modifiers are oral medications (including montelukast , zafirlukast and zileutonhelp relieve asthma symptoms for up to 24 hour. These medication may have more severe side effects.

Long-acting beta agonists are inhaled medications, which include salmeterol and formoterol, open the airways and reduce inflammation.

Some research shows that thesse may increase the risk of a severe asthma attack, so take them only in combination with an inhaled corticosteroid.

Combination inhalers are medications such as fluticasone-salmeterol, budesonide-formoterol and mometasone-formoterol which contain a long-acting beta agonist along with a corticosteroid.

Because these combination inhalers contain long-acting beta agonists, they may increase the risk of having a severe asthma attack.

 A variety of asthma inhalers are available to help control asthma symptoms in adults and children.

Theophylline is a daily pill that helps keep the airways open (bronchodilator) by relaxing the muscles around the airways. It's not used as often now as in past years.



 Most asthma medications can be safely used during pregnancy. 

Not all medications are  approved for use in children by the FDA, but the doctor may prescribe them based on judgment of what\'s likely to work best for the child.
atopic dermatitis
 Asthma is a chronic disease that affects the airways. This can cause wheezing, coughing, chest tightness and trouble breathing, especially early in the morning or at night. Asthma is treated with two kinds of medicines: quick-relief medicines to stop asthma symptoms and long-term control medicines to prevent symptoms. 

 Quick-relief medications are used as needed for rapid, short-term symptom relief during an asthma attack such as Short-acting beta agonists. When inhaled, quick-relief bronchodilators act within minutes to rapidly ease symptoms during an asthma attack. 

Many people with asthma need to take long-term control medications on a daily basis. Oral and intravenous corticosteroids such as prednisone and methylprednisolone relieve airway inflammation caused by severe asthma. They can cause serious side effects when used long term, so they're used only on a short-term basis to treat severe asthma symptoms. 

Regular use of inhaled corticosteroids helps keep asthma attacks and other problems linked to poorly controlled asthma in check.  In children, long-term use of inhaled corticosteroids may slightly delay growth, but the benefits of using these medications to maintain good asthma control generally outweigh their risks. Some inhaled asthma medication combinations contain both a corticosteroid and a bronchodilator.

 As with other LABA medications, these inhalers may increase your risk of having a severe asthma attack and should be used with caution.

Allergy medications may help if asthma is triggered or worsened by allergies. Over time, allergy shots gradually reduce the immune system reaction to specific allergens.


atopic dermatitis
 Quick-relief (rescue) medications are used as needed for rapid, short-term symptom relief during an asthma attack  or before exercise if your doctor recommends it. Types of quick-relief medications include:  Short-acting beta agonists. These inhaled, quick-relief bronchodilators act within minutes to rapidly ease symptoms during an asthma attack. Short-acting beta agonists can be taken using a portable, hand-held inhaler or a nebulizer  a machine that converts asthma medications to a fine mist, so they can be inhaled through a face mask or a mouthpiece. Like other bronchodilators, ipratropium acts quickly to immediately relax your airways, making it easier to breathe. Ipratropium is mostly used for emphysema and chronic bronchitis, but it\'s sometimes used to treat asthma attacks. Oral and intravenous corticosteroids. These medications  which include prednisone and methylprednisolone  relieve airway inflammation caused by severe asthma. They can cause serious side effects when used long term, so they\'re used only on a short-term basis to treat severe asthma symptoms. If you have an asthma flare-up, a quick-relief inhaler can ease your symptoms right away. But if your long-term control medications are working properly, you shouldn\'t need to use your quick-relief inhaler very often. Keep a record of how many puffs you use each week. If you need to use your quick-relief inhaler more often than your doctor recommends, see your doctor.
atopic dermatitis
Asthma is a chronic  lung disease that inflames and narrows the airways. In asthma, the inside walls of airways tubes become sore and swollen and the lungs do not get enough air. Cells in the airways may make more mucus than normal. This chain reaction can result in asthma symptoms. Symptoms may include wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath, and coughing. When symptoms get more intense and additional symptoms occur, this is an asthma attack. Severe attacks may require emergency care, and they can cause death.

Allergy-induced asthma is triggered by exposure to an allergen in the environment  such as pollen, dust mites and pet dander. In some people, skin or food allergies can cause asthma symptoms. An allergic response occurs when immune system chemicals (antibodies) mistakenly identify a harmless substance such as tree pollen as a dangerous invader. In an attempt to protect the body from the substance, antibodies attack the allergen. Some treatment can reduce both asthma and allergy symptoms, but most are designed to treat either one or the other. Allergy shots can help treat asthma by gradually reducing the  immune system response to certain allergy triggers. 

A hygiene hypothesis assumes that the Western lifestyle which emphasises hygiene and sanitation has resulted in changes in living conditions and an overall decline in infections in early childhood. This affects the way that young children's immune systems develop, and it may increase their risk for atopy and asthma. 

Asthma is treated with two kinds of medicines: quick-relief to stop asthma symptoms and long-term control to prevent symptoms. 
atopic dermatitis
Asthma is a chronic lung disease that inflames and narrows the airways. Asthma causes recurring periods of wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath, and coughing.

Allergies occur when the immune system reacts to a foreign substance such as pollen, bee venom or pet dander. Inflaming the: skin, sinuses, airways or digestive system.

Allergies and asthma often occur together. Indoor allergens and irritants play a significant role in triggering asthma attacks. Allergic asthma is characterized by symptoms that are triggered by an allergic reaction. Exposure to dust mites can cause asthma in children who have not previously exhibited asthma symptoms. Allergic asthma is airway obstruction and inflammation that is partially reversible with medication. It is the most common form of asthma, affecting over 50% of the 20 million asthma sufferers.Over 2.5 million children under age 18 suffer from it.

Atopic dermatitis is a common, often long-lasting skin disease that affects a large percentage of the world's population.  It is a special type of allergic hypersensitivity that includes a triad of conditions that includes asthma, inhalant allergies, and a chronic dermatitis.

Some treatment can reduce both asthma and allergy symptoms, but most are designed to treat either one or the other. Montelukast (Singulair) is a medication that eases both allergy and asthma symptoms. Allergy shots can help treat asthma by gradually reducing the immune system response to certain allergy triggers. Recognizing and avoiding the allergic substances that trigger the symptoms is the most important step. 

   
atopic dermatitis
Allergies and asthma often occur together. The same substances that trigger your hay fever symptoms may also cause asthma signs and symptoms such as shortness of breath, wheezing and chest tightness. This is called allergic asthma or allergy-induced asthma. Substances such as pollen, dust mites and pet dander are common triggers. 



In some people, skin or food allergies can cause asthma symptoms. 

Dogs, cats, rodents (including hamsters and guinea pigs) and other warm-blooded mammals can trigger asthma in individuals with an allergy to animal dander. Some people develop asthma because of contact with certain chemical irritants or industrial dusts in the workplace. This type of asthma is called occupational asthma. 



Some treatment can reduce both asthma and allergy symptoms, but most are designed to treat either one or the other. 

If your asthma symptoms are clearly related to allergens, and you can\'t avoid exposure to those allergens, your doctor may advise you to get allergy shots. Allergy shots can help treat asthma by gradually reducing your immune system response to certain allergy triggers. However, recognizing and avoiding the allergic substances that trigger your symptoms is the most important step you can take. 



Asthma is a long-term disease that has no cure. Symptoms of asthma or allergy also may improve on their own as an illness (like a cold or flu) runs its course. Hypnosis might give people with asthma or allergies more self-discipline to follow good health practices.  


atopic dermatitis
 Most, but not all, people who have asthma have allergies. Allergens Animal Dander Allergies occur when your immune system reacts to a foreign substance such as pollen, bee venom or pet dander.This is called allergic asthma or allergy-induced asthma. Allergies and asthma often occur together.  Common allergy triggers include:  Airborne allergens, such as pollen, animal dander, dust mites and mold Certain foods, particularly peanuts, tree nuts, wheat, soy, fish, shellfish, eggs and milk Insect stings, such as bee stings or wasp stings Medications, particularly penicillin or penicillin-based antibiotics Latex or other substances you touch, which can cause allergic skin reactions. Allergies and asthma often occur together. This is called allergic asthma or allergy-induced asthma. The same substances that trigger your hay fever symptoms may also cause asthma signs and symptoms such as shortness of breath, wheezing and chest tightness. In many cases, asthma is triggered by exposure to an allergen in the environment (allergy-induced asthma). If you have an allergy, you're more likely to have asthma  an immune system reaction that affects the airways and breathing.  In many cases, asthma is triggered by exposure to an allergen in the environment (allergy-induced asthma). A few treatments can help with both conditions.
atopic dermatitis
 Molds are microscopic fungi that live on plant and animal matter. Molds can be found almost anywhere when moisture is present. Mold spores float through the indoor and outdoor air continually. For people sensitive to molds, inhaling mold spores can trigger an asthma attack.  Mold is among the most hazardous household substances for people with allergies and asthma. They also can reach the lungs, to cause asthma or another serious illness called allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. If you have an allergy, you\'re more likely to have asthma  an immune system reaction that affects the airways and breathing. In many cases, asthma is triggered by exposure to an allergen in the environment (allergy-induced asthma). How To Control Things That Make Your Asthma Worse: Indoor Mold Fix leaky faucets, pipes, or other sources of water that have mold around them. Clean moldy surfaces with a cleaner that has bleach in it. Stay indoors with windows closed from late morning to afternoon, if you can. Clean damp areas in the bath, kitchen and around the house to keep mold spores from developing. Get rid of moldy leaves or damp firewood in the yard.
atopic dermatitis
  An allergy is triggered when the immune system mistakes a normally harmless substance for a dangerous invader. The immune system produces antibodies that are always on the alert for your particular allergen. When you\'re exposed to the allergen again in the future, these antibodies release a number of immune system chemicals, such as histamine, that cause allergy symptoms.Researchers think some genetic and environmental factors interact to cause asthma, most often early in life including:  hereditary (from parents), tendency (atopy), respiratory infections, exposure or contact to some airborne allergens or viral infections in early childhood,  exposure to irritants.

The same factors may affect people differently. 

Researchers explore Hygiene Hypothesis which claims that the hygienic lifestyle of the west reduce the exposure of children to infections and therefore the immune system is not practiced and tends to develop allergies. 



 Indoor allergies (perennial allergic rhinitis [PAR]/nasal allergies) occur when allergens that are commonly found indoors are inhaled into the nose and the lungs causing allergic reactions. Other common triggers include:  Airborne allergens (pollen, animal dander, dust mites and mold) Certain foods, particularly peanuts, tree nuts, wheat, soy, fish, shellfish, eggs and milk. Insect stings, such as bee stings or wasp stings, Certain proteins are found in cockroach feces and saliva and can cause allergic reactions or trigger asthma. Medications, particularly penicillin or penicillin-based antibiotics Latex or other substances you touch, which can cause allergic skin reactions. Smoke from wood-burning stoves and fireplaces contain a mixture of harmful gases and small particles.
atopic dermatitis
An allergy starts when the immune system mistakes a normally harmless substance for a dangerous invader and produces antibodies that are always on the alert for your particular allergen. When you're exposed to the allergen again in the future, these antibodies release a number of immune system chemicals, such as histamine, that cause allergy symptoms. Having an allergy increases the risk of certain medical problems, such as a runny nose, sneezing, itching, rashes, swelling, including Asthma (an immune system reaction that affects the airways and breathing). In many cases, allergies and asthma often occur together. So, If you have an allergy, you're more likely to have asthma. Asthma is triggered by exposure to an allergen in the environment (called allergy-induced asthma or allergic asthma). Allergic asthma is the most common form of asthma, affecting over 50% of the 20 million asthma sufferers. Substances such as pollen, dust mites, mold and pet dander are common triggers. In some people, skin or food allergies can cause asthma symptoms. The severity of allergies varies from person to person and can range from minor irritation to anaphylaxis a potentially life-threatening emergency. If you have asthma, you may react to just one trigger or you may find that several things act as triggers. With today's knowledge and treatments, most people who have asthma are able to manage the disease. However, recognizing and avoiding the allergic substances that trigger your symptoms is the most important step you can take.
atopic dermatitis
 Asthma is a chronic disease that affects your airways. Your airways are tubes that carry air in and out of your lungs. If you have asthma, the inside walls of your airways become sore and swollen. That makes them very sensitive, and they may react strongly to things that you are allergic to or find irritating. When your airways react, they get narrower and your lungs get less air. This can cause wheezing, coughing, chest tightness and trouble breathing, especially early in the morning or at night. When your asthma symptoms become worse than usual, it's called an asthma attack .The exact cause of asthma isn't known, Different factors may be more likely to cause asthma in some people  than in others.Researchers think some genetic and environmental factors interact to cause asthma, most often early in life. These factors include: An inherited tendency to develop allergies, called atopy (AT-o-pe), Parents who have asthma, Certain respiratory infections during childhood, Contact with some airborne allergens or exposure to some viral infections in infancy or in early childhood when the immune system is developing. If you have asthma, you may react to just one trigger or you may find that several things act as triggers. (Triggers are things that can cause asthma symptoms)  If you have asthma, you may react to just one trigger or you may find that several things act as triggers. Some common triggers are: Getting a cold or flu Pollen, dust and animals (especially cats) Cold weather, Smoking, Exercise.   
atopic dermatitis
What Is Mold Allergy? Mold and mildew are fungi. They differ from plants or animals in how they reproduce and grow. The "seeds" called spores, are spread by the wind outdoors and by air indoors. Some spores are released in dry, windy weather and others are released with the fog or dew when humidity is high. Inhaling the spores causes allergic reactions in some people. Although there are many types of molds, only a few dozen cause allergic reactions.

Mold spores can deposit on the lining of the nose and cause high fever symptoms.They also can reach the lungs, to cause asthma or another serious illness called allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. It is common for people to be at greater risk of developing mold allergy if they or other family members are allergic to substances such as pollen or animal dander or if their occupations includ more exposure to mold (for example: Farmers, dairymen, loggers, bakers, mill workers, carpenters, greenhouse employees, wine makers and furniture repairers). The symptoms of mold allergy are very similar to the symptoms of other allergies, such as sneezing, itching, nasal discharge, congestion and dry, scaling skin. In some people with allergy, irritation alone can cause a reaction. To diagnose an allergy to mold or fungi, the doctor will take a complete medical history, skin tests and use the physical examination all together. How Is Mold Allergy Treated? As with most allergies, patients should take some actions to avoid contact with the spores (for example: Wear a dust mask when cutting grass, digging around plants, picking up leaves, disturbing other plant materials and reduce the humidity indoors to 35%). 
atopic dermatitis
 Molds are microscopic fungi that live on plant and animal matter. When mold spores land on damp places indoors, they may begin growing.

 Mold can trigger asthma attacks and allergic reactions (such as hay fever or eczema), and cause health problems in people without those conditions. Mold grows in humid, damp environments, so the best way to prevent and control indoor mold is to keep your home as dry and ventilated as possible. Mold spores can deposit on the lining of the nose and cause hay fever symptoms. They also can reach the lungs, to cause asthma or another serious illness called allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis.



The symptoms of mold allergy are very similar to the symptoms of other allergies, such as sneezing, itching, nasal discharge, congestion and dry, scaling skin. Some people with mold allergies may have symptoms the entire summer because of outdoor molds or year-round if symptoms are due to indoor molds. 



For diagnosis doctors use patient's medical history, skin testing results, and physical examination.  



Prognosis: Allergies cannot be cured, symptoms of the allergy can be reduced by avoiding contact with the spores. Mold quantity in the air can measured help  the carrier decide if to stay in a place.



Treatment: avoid contact with the spores, wear a dust mask when exposure may occur, reduce the humidity indoors. Medications include antihistamines and decongestants, or prescribed non-sedating antihistamines if continuous consumption of antihistamines cause drowsiness. For moderate and severe allergy symptoms, your doctor may prescribe corticosteroid nasal sprays. 
atopic dermatitis
 Asthma is commonly divided into two types: allergic (extrinsic) asthma and non-allergic (intrinsic) asthma. Researchers think a combination of factors (family genes and certain environmental exposures) interact to cause asthma. Asthma triggers are different from person to person and can include:  Airborne allergens, such as pollen, animal dander, mold, cockroaches and dust mites Allergic reactions to some foods, such as peanuts or shellfish Respiratory infections, such as the common cold Physical activity (exercise-induced asthma) Cold air Air pollutants and irritants, such as smoke Certain medications, including beta blockers, aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin, others) and naproxen (Aleve) Strong emotions and stress Sulfites and preservatives added to some types of foods and beverages Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), a condition in which stomach acids back up into your throat Menstrual cycle in some women. If you have an allergy, you\'re more likely to have asthma  an immune system reaction that affects the airways and breathing.
atopic dermatitis
Allergic (extrinsic) asthma is characterized by symptoms that are triggered by an allergic reaction; it is an airway obstruction and inflammation that is partially reversible with medication.

Asthma, a chronic lung disease, inflames and narrows the airways that react and tighten strongly to certain substances that are breathed in. Cells in the airways make more mucus than normal. Symptoms may include wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath, and coughing, can be mild or can get worse and intense, and cause an asthma attack which require emergency care, and can even cause death. It is more common in childhood and tends to affect boys more than girls.

Allergies and asthma often occur together. Substances such as pollen, dust mites and pet dander are common triggers. In some people, skin or food allergies can cause asthma symptoms.

 An allergic response occurs when immune system chemicals (antibodies) mistakenly identify a harmless substance such as tree pollen as a dangerous invader. The chemicals released by your immune system lead to allergy signs and symptoms, such as nasal congestion, runny nose, itchy eyes or skin reactions. For some people, this same reaction also affects the lungs and airways, leading to asthma symptoms. Some treatment can reduce both asthma and allergy symptoms, but most are designed to treat either one or the other. However, recognizing and avoiding the allergic substances that trigger symptoms is the most important step to take.

Allergy medications include oral and nasal spray antihistamines and decongestants as well as corticosteroid and cromolyn nasal sprays.  
atopic dermatitis
Asthma is a chronic (long-term), non-curable lung disease that inflames and narrows the airways. This makes the airways swollen and very sensitive. The airways tend to react strongly to certain substances that are breathed in. When the airways react, the muscles around them tighten the airways narrow and less air flows to the lungs. The swelling also can worsen the airways condition, by making them even narrower. As of 2009, 300 million people worldwide were affected by asthma leading to approximately 250,000 deaths per year. More boys have asthma than girls, but more women have it than men. For some people, asthma is a minor nuisance and for others it can be a major problem that interferes with daily activities and may lead to a life-threatening asthma attack. What Causes Asthma? The exact cause of asthma is unknown. Researchers think some genetic and environmental factors interact to cause asthma, most often early in life. These factors include: An inherited tendency to develop allergies, called atopy (AT-o-pe), Parents who have asthma, Certain respiratory infections during childhood, Contact with some airborne allergens or exposure to some viral infections in infancy or in early childhood when the immune system is developing If asthma or atopy runs in your family, exposure to irritants (for example, tobacco smoke), Having a mother who smoked while pregnant, Being overweight, Exposure to pollution, Exposure to occupational triggers (such as chemicals used in farming), hairdressing and manufacturing, Low birth weight, animal dander, dust mites and mold Certain foods, Insect stings, Medications, Latex or other substances you touch, which can cause allergic skin reactions. However, more research is needed to determine what role they may play in developing asthma. 
atopic dermatitis
 Allergic asthma is the most common form of asthma, affecting over 50% of the 20 million asthma sufferers.Over 2.5 million children under age 18 suffer from allergic asthma. Many of the symptoms of allergic and non-allergic asthma are the same (coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath or rapid breathing, and chest tightness). However, allergic asthma is triggered by inhaled allergens such as dust mite allergen, pet dander, pollen, mold, etc. resulting in asthma symptoms. An allergic response occurs when immune system chemicals (antibodies) mistakenly identify a harmless substance as a dangerous invader. In an attempt to protect your body from the substance, antibodies attack the allergen. The chemicals released by your immune system lead to allergy signs and symptoms, such as nasal congestion, runny nose, itchy eyes or skin reactions. For some people, this same reaction also affects the lungs and airways, leading to asthma symptoms. Common allergy triggers include:  Airborne allergens, animal dander, dust mites and mold. Certain foods, Insect stings and certain Medications. While allergies can't be cured, a number of treatments can help relieve your allergy symptoms. A few treatments can help with both conditions. For example:  Leukotriene modifier- a daily pill that helps control your immune system chemicals released during an allergic reaction, Allergy shots (immunotherapy) that can help treat asthma by gradually reducing your immune system response to certain allergy triggers. Your immune system builds up a tolerance to the allergens over time, and your allergic reactions diminish. In turn, asthma symptoms decrease as well.
atopic dermatitis
 Molds are microscopic fungi that live on plant and animal matter. They among the most hazardous household substances for people with allergies and asthma. Fungi differ from plants or animals in how they reproduce and grow. Their "seeds", called spores, are spread by the wind outdoors and by air indoors.  Some spores are released in dry, windy weather. Others are released with the fog or dew when humidity is high. Inhaling the spores can trigger asthma attacks and allergic reactions (such as hay fever or eczema), and it can even cause health problems in people without those conditions. Allergic symptoms from fungus spores are most common from July to late summer, But with fungi growing in so many places, allergic reactions can occur year round. The symptoms are very similar to the symptoms of other allergies, such as sneezing, itching, nasal discharge, congestion and dry, scaling skin.  It is common for people to get mold allergy if they or other family members are allergic to substances such as pollen or animal dander. Some people with mold allergies may have allergy symptoms the entire summer because of outdoor molds or year-round if symptoms are due to indoor molds. Molds can reach the lungs, to cause asthma or another serious illness called allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. Sometimes the reaction is immediate, and sometimes the reaction is delayed. Symptoms often worsen in a damp or moldy room such as a basement; this may suggest mold allergy.
atopic dermatitis
 Having asthma doesn\'t mean you have to be less active. Treatment can prevent asthma attacks and control symptoms during activity. If you already know you have EIA, or chronic asthma here is some advice to help prevent symptoms: Take two puffs of your blue reliever inhaler before warming up Do some warm-up exercise e.g. gentle exercises and stretching for 5-10 minutes. This will help to increase your heart and breathing rates gradually lessening the effects of the cold air Now you are ready to start  If you experience symptoms during playing sport/exercising: STOP and take some slow, deep breaths Take four puffs of blue inhaler (one at a time), using a spacer if accessible Return to activity if you are free of symptoms  If your symptoms continue or return after your recommence, repeat inhaler instructions and see a doctor as soon as possible. If you exercise in cold temperatures, wear a face mask to warm the air you breathe. Being active is important for people with asthma as it helps in the management of the condition. Exercise helps to strengthen the muscles used for breathing, and over time may even help to improve your EIA symptoms. Inspiratory muscle training This technique helps strengthen lung muscles with a series of breathing exercises. Breathing exercises Breathing techniques for asthma have been around for years, but many health providers remain skeptical about them. Nonetheless, in a number of studies, people who did breathing exercises reported improved symptoms.
atopic dermatitis
The symptoms with which chronic asthma presents are cough, breathlessness, chest tightness, or wheezing and are caused by the airways in the lungs narrowing. In addition to chronic asthma another condition is Exercise Induced Asthma or (EIA) when physical activities is the only trigger causing narrowing of the airways, and producing the symptoms of asthma.

 Exercise Induced Asthma Exercise induced asthma is a relatively common problem that can go undiagnosed, as some attribute their symptoms to being unfit.    During exercise it is necessary to breath through our mouths, enabling us to acquire the large amounts of air needed to sustain the increased level of energy. In susceptible airways when we breathe air that is unfiltered, dry and cold it causes bronchoconstriction (narrowing of the airways), producing the symptoms of asthma chest tightness, wheeze/cough and breathlessness. Being active is important for people with asthma as it helps in the management of the condition. Exercise helps to strengthen the muscles used for breathing, and over time may even help to improve EIA symptoms. Frequent or severe symptoms due to physical activity may suggest poorly controlled asthma and the need to either start or increase long-term control medicines that reduce inflammation. This will help prevent exercise-related symptoms. Easing into physical activity with a warmup period may be helpful. If you use your asthma medicines as your doctor directs, you should be able to take part in any physical activity or sport you choose.
atopic dermatitis
 Exercise Induced Asthma Exercise induced asthma is a relatively common problem that can go undiagnosed, as some attribute their symptoms to being unfit. During exercise it is necessary to breath through our mouths, enabling us to acquire the large amounts of air needed to sustain the increased level of energy. In susceptible airways when we breathe air that is unfiltered, dry and cold it causes bronchoconstriction (narrowing of the airways), producing the symptoms of asthma chest tightness, wheeze/cough and breathlessness. If you have any of these symptoms during or after playing sport or exercising/activities, you may be experiencing EIA: Shortness of breath a few minutes after starting to exercise/play sport Tight feeling in chest while playing a sport/ exercising/active Stopping exercise/sport/activity because you feel unwell Wheezing and/or coughing  If you think you may have any of the signs of EIA and have not been diagnosed with asthma, please contact your family doctor for advice. Being active is important for people with asthma as it helps in the management of the condition. Exercise helps to strengthen the muscles used for breathing, and over time may even help to improve your EIA symptoms. If you have chronic asthma it is important that you participate in sports/exercise to help in the management of asthma. If you already know you have EIA, or chronic asthma here is some advice to help prevent symptoms: Take two puffs of your blue reliever inhaler before warming up Do some warm-up exercise e.g. gentle exercises and stretching for 5-10 minutes.
atopic dermatitis
The treatment for Atopic termatits varies and depends on the severity of your case and your age. Tacrolimus and pimecrolimus ointments are powerful topical medicated creams that are used for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. They are not particularly effective in patients with severe disease and are best used on the faces of children.For mild to moderate dermatitis in older children (over 12 years old) and adults Phototherapy is sometime used. Its a treatment with light that uses ultraviolet A or B light waves or a combination of both. Photochemotherapy, a combination of ultraviolet light therapy and a drug called psoralen, can also be used in cases that are resistant to phototherapy alone. Oral antihistamines, such as Benadryl or Atarax, can be used to treat itch associated with atopic dermatitis. However, that they can cause sleepiness and may not help in all cases.For more severe falers of atopic dermatitis, Oral corticosteroids, such as prednisone, prednisolone, and medrol, may be used. They are used if the rash covers a large part of the body and face, but they are often prescribed for a short course (5 days) to calm the rash due to numerous side effects. For more mild cases, Shampoos and soaps containing coal tar can help but use should stop immediately if there is any increase in itching or redness of the rash. if you have a bacterial skin infection or an open sore or fissure caused by scratching,  You may need antibiotics.
atopic dermatitis
Many of the medications used to treat Atopic dermatitis have side effects that are important to know about. Oral antihistamines, such as Benadryl (diphenhydramine) or Atarax (hydroxyzine), are used to treat itch associated with atopic dermatitis can cause sleepiness and may not help in all cases of atopic dermatitis. Antihistamine creams should not be used on atopic dermatitis rashes because they contain chemicals that can actually worsen the rash. Possible side effects for Corticosteroids include:  Thinning of the skin, Skin infections Growth suppression in children (with long-term oral prednisone), Stretch marks on the skin,  Possible side effects for Nonsteroidal Topical Immunomodulators include:  Temporary mild warmth, burning, or itching  Side effects for Antihistamines include:  Drowsiness, Dry mouth, nose, or throat.    Corticosteroids can be absorbed through the skin and cause problems throughout the body. Side effects include headache, indigestion, increased appetite, restlessness, and increased risk of infection.Using topical corticosteroids on the face can result in enlarged blood vessels (telangiectasias), bruising, acne, and stretch marks (striae).     Coal tar, actually made by melting coal, that has long been a treatment for a variety of skin, can be very irritating to already inflamed skin.Long term Light therapy,Though effective, has many harmful effects, including premature skin aging and an increased risk of skin cancer. 
atopic dermatitis
Treatments for atopic dermatitis (eczema) aim to reduce inflammation, relieve itching and prevent future flare-ups. Over-the-counter (nonprescription) anti-itch creams and other self-care measures may help control mild atopic dermatitis. An example for nonprescription cream is low-potency corticosteroid creams, but you should always talk to your doctor before using any topical corticosteroid. Your doctor may recommend prescription corticosteroid creams or ointments to ease scaling and relieve itching. There are side effects of long-term or repeated use of these creams. You may need antibiotics if you have a bacterial skin infection or an open sore or fissure caused by scratching. Your doctor may recommend taking antibiotics for a short time to treat an infection or for longer periods of time to reduce bacteria on your skin and to prevent recurrent infections. If itching is severe, oral antihistamines may help, such as Benadryl (diphenhydramine) or Atarax (hydroxyzine). For more severe cases, your doctor may prescribe oral corticosteroids, such as prednisone, or an intramuscular injection of corticosteroids to reduce inflammation and to control symptoms. These medications are effective, but can't be used long term because of potential serious side effects. A class of medications called immunomodulators, such as tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel), affect the immune system and may help maintain normal skin texture and reduce flares of atopic dermatitis. This prescription-only medications is approved for children older than 2 and for adults. They are not particularly effective in patients with severe disease, with possible concerns about their effect on the immune system and are best used on the faces of children. There is also the possibility to get allergy shots, but usually they aren't successful in treating atopic dermatitis.
atopic dermatitis
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin. It is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another. The word dermatitis means inflammation of the skin. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, and finally, crusting and scaling. In most cases, there are periods of time when the disease is worse (called exacerbations or flares) followed by periods when the skin improves or clears up entirely (called remissions). As some children with atopic dermatitis grow older, their skin disease improves or disappears altogether, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood. Atopic dermatitis is often referred to as eczema, which is a general term for the several types of inflammation of the skin. Atopic dermatitis is the most common of the many types of eczema.
atopic dermatitis
There are some side effects of different medications. Topical corticosteroids include the following: A burning sensation, itching, irritation, dryness, or redness may develop in the area where the medicine is applied. Using topical corticosteroids on the face can result in enlarged blood vessels (telangiectasias), bruising, acne, and stretch marks (striae). With long-term use, high-strength topical corticosteroids cause temporary thinning of the skin, making it more easily irritated. But when used carefully and mostly in low-strength doses, topical corticosteroids can be used for up to 10 years without severe side effects. Corticosteroids can be absorbed through the skin and cause problems throughout the body. Side effects include headache, indigestion, increased appetite, restlessness, increased risk of infection, thinning of the skin, skin infections, growth suppression in children (with long-term oral prednisone), stretch marks on the skin, thinning of the bones, and suppression of the immune system. If your skin rash gets worse or if you have blurred vision, increased urination, excessive thirst, or mood changes, see your doctor. Side effects are associated with long-term use of corticosteroids. You and your doctor must watch for side effects and weigh them against the potential benefit of corticosteroid treatment. Though they may clear atopic dermatitis well, the side effects are too risky to warrant using them as a first-line treatment. Possible side effects for nonsteroidal topical immunomodulators include: temporary mild warmth, burning or itching. Side effects for antihistamines include: drowsiness (do not drive a car or operate heavy machinery until you know how these drugs affect you), dry mouth, nose or throat.  Antihistamine creams should not be used on atopic dermatitis rashes because they contain chemicals that can actually worsen the rash.
atopic dermatitis
 Atopic dermatitis is the most common of the many types of eczema. Its a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin. Its a distinct condition in persons who are genetically predisposed to developing immunoglobulin (Ig) E-mediated hypersensitivity reactions. Atopic dernatitis is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another. The word dermatitis means inflammation of the skin. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, and finally, crusting and scaling. In most cases, there are periods of time when the disease is worse (called exacerbations or flares) followed by periods when the skin improves or clears up entirely (called remissions).  Although atopic dermatitis can occur in any age, most often it affects infants and young children. In some the skin disease improves or disappears altogether with age, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood.  The cause of atopic dermatitis is not known, but the disease seems to result from a combination of genetic (hereditary) and environmental factors. There seems to be a basic hypersensitivity and an increased tendency toward itching. While emotional factors and stress may in some cases exacerbate or initiate the condition, they do not seem to be a primary or underlying cause for the disorder. 
atopic dermatitis
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin and a large percentage of the world's population. It is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another, unless they have active skin infections. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. Atopic dermatitis is often referred to as eczema, which is a general term for the several types of inflammation of the skin. Atopic dermatitis is the most common of the many types of eczema. In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. The cause of atopic dermatitis is not known, but the disease seems to result from a combination of genetic (hereditary) and environmental factors. A wide range of environmental factors, such as contact allergens, stress, food, skin flora and humidity, play roles in the development and severity of atopic dermatitis. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, and finally, crusting and scaling. In most cases, there are periods of time when the disease is worse (called exacerbations or flares) followed by periods when the skin improves or clears up entirely (called remissions). Although atopic dermatitis can occur in any age, most often it affects infants and young children. As some children with atopic dermatitis grow older, their skin disease improves or disappears altogether, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood. Self-care measures, such as avoiding soaps or other irritants and applying creams or ointments, can help relieve itching. Tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel) ointments are powerful and expensive topical medicated creams (drugs that are applied to the skin) that are used for the treatment of atopic dermatitis.
atopic dermatitis
Corticosteroid creams or ointments. Your doctor may recommend prescription corticosteroid creams or ointments to ease scaling and relieve itching. Some low-potency corticosteroid creams are available without a prescription, but you should always talk to your doctor before using any topical corticosteroid. Side effects of long-term or repeated use can include skin irritation or discoloration, thinning of the skin, infections, and stretch marks on the skin. Antibiotics. You may need antibiotics if you have a bacterial skin infection or an open sore or fissure caused by scratching. Your doctor may recommend taking antibiotics for a short time to treat an infection or for longer periods of time to reduce bacteria on your skin and to prevent recurrent infections. Antibiotics. You may need antibiotics if you have a bacterial skin infection or an open sore or fissure caused by scratching. Your doctor may recommend taking antibiotics for a short time to treat an infection or for longer periods of time to reduce bacteria on your skin and to prevent recurrent infections. Oral antihistamines. If itching is severe, oral antihistamines may help. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl, others) can make you sleepy and may be helpful at bedtime. If your skin cracks open, your doctor may prescribe mildly astringent wet dressings to prevent infection. in severe cases your doctor may prescribe oral or injection Corticosteroid such as prednisone, or an intramuscular injection of corticosteroids to reduce inflammation and to control symptoms. those treatments have severe side effects. A class of medications called immunomodulators, such as tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel), affect the immune system and may help maintain normal skin texture.
atopic dermatitis
Oral antihistamines, such as Benadryl (diphenhydramine) or Atarax (hydroxyzine), can be used to treat itch associated with atopic dermatitis. It\'s important to note, however, that they can cause sleepiness and may not help in all cases of atopic dermatitis. Antihistamine creams should not be used on atopic dermatitis rashes because they contain chemicals that can actually worsen the rash. Oral corticosteroids, such as prednisone, prednisolone, and medrol, may be used for more severe flares of atopic dermatitis. They are used if the rash covers a large part of the body and face. Oral steroids used long term have numerous side effects, including weight gain, thinning of the bones, and suppression of the immune system. Though they may clear atopic dermatitis well, the side effects are too risky to warrant using them as a first-line treatment. To avoid these side effects, but still benefit from the medication, oral steroids are often prescribed for a short course (5 days) to calm the rash. Topical steroids can then be used on the remaining rash. Coal tar, actually made by melting coal, has long been a treatment for a variety of skin conditions. Shampoos and soaps containing coal tar can help with mild cases of atopic dermatitis. Coal tar tends to work better on thickened skin that is not scaly, or to ease very early symptoms of itching. However, coal tar can be very irritating to already inflamed skin. It is OK to try coal tar for mild cases of atopic dermatitis, but use should stop immediately if there is any increase in itching or redness of the rash. 
atopic dermatitis
Breathing exercises Breathing techniques for asthma have been around for years, but many health providers remain skeptical about them. They don\'t seem to improve the underlying allergic reaction that causes asthma symptoms. Nonetheless, in a number of studies, people who did breathing exercises reported improved symptoms. Breathing methods vary, but generally involve learning to:  Take breaths less often Take slower breaths Breathe through your nose rather than your mouth Use your abdominal muscles to take deep \"belly breaths\" (diaphragmatic breathing) A few breathing techniques used for asthma include the Buteyko breathing technique and yoga breathing (pranayama). Inspiratory muscle training This technique helps strengthen lung muscles with a series of breathing exercises. It\'s sometimes used for other lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and after certain types of surgery. These exercises definitely strengthen the muscles of your lungs, but there\'s not enough proof to say whether they help with asthma. Massage and chiropractic treatment Although some claim that these treatments help, there\'s no evidence that physical manipulation of the spine or muscles reduces asthma symptoms. Relaxation therapy Relaxation therapy techniques include meditation, biofeedback, hypnosis and progressive muscle relaxation. It\'s unclear whether any of these techniques directly help with asthma, but they do seem to reduce stress and promote a sense of well-being.
atopic dermatitis
If you exercise in cold temperatures, wear a face mask to warm the air you breathe. To help prevent symptoms: Take two puffs of your blue reliever inhaler before warming up Do some warm-up exercise e.g. gentle exercises and stretching for 5-10 minutes. This will help to increase your heart and breathing rates gradually lessening the effects of the cold air Now you are ready to start  If you experience symptoms during playing sport/exercising: STOP and take some slow, deep breaths Take four puffs of blue inhaler (one at a time), using a spacer if accessible Return to activity if you are free of symptoms  If your symptoms continue or return after your recommence, repeat inhaler instructions and see a doctor as soon as possible.  At times, programs for students who have asthma may need to be temporarily modified, such as by varying the type, intensity, duration, and/or frequency of activity. At all times, students who have asthma should be included in activities as much as possible. The good news is that today\'s treatments can successfully control asthma so that most students can participate fully in regular school and childcare activities, including play, sports, and other physical activities.
atopic dermatitis
Exercise induced asthma is a relatively common problem that can go undiagnosed, as some attribute their symptoms to being unfit. It is considered as a non-allergic asthma, where the immune system is not involved in the reaction. Like allergic asthma, it is characterized by airway obstruction and inflammation that is at least partially reversible with medication.

In addition to chronic asthma another condition is Exercise Induced Asthma or (EIA) when physical activities is the only trigger causing narrowing of the airways, and producing the symptoms of asthma such as  cough, breathlessness, chest tightness, or wheezing.

During exercise it is necessary to breath through the mouth and the nose, enabling to acquire the large amounts of air needed to sustain the increased level of energy.

If susceptible airways is unfiltered, dry and cold it causes bronchoconstriction (narrowing of the airways), producing the symptoms of asthma chest tightness, wheeze/cough and breathlessness.

Sympthoms include shortness of breath a few minutes after starting to a strenuous physical activity or a tight feeling in chest which forces one to stop, wheezing and/or coughing.

Exercise provokes symptoms in most children with poorly controlled asthma, the student who has asthma symptoms with physical activity may need to be evaluated by his or her health care provider.

Even for a student who has exercise-induced asthma, the frequent use of quick-relief medication during or after exercise may signal the need to return to his or her health care provider to add a daily long-term control medication or to increase the dosage.
atopic dermatitis
Exercise Induced Asthma Exercise induced asthma is a relatively common problem that can go undiagnosed, as some attribute their symptoms to being unfit. To help you understand the condition and know how to manage it here are a few pointers. The symptoms with which chronic asthma presents are cough, breathlessness, chest tightness, or wheezing and are caused by the airways in the lungs narrowing. Many triggers cause chronic asthma e.g. colds, dust mites and exercise. In addition to chronic asthma another condition is Exercise Induced Asthma or (EIA) when physical activities is the only trigger causing narrowing of the airways, and producing the symptoms of asthma. What happens? When breathing normally air enters our lungs through the nose, where it is warmed, moistened, and filtered. During exercise it is necessary to breath through our mouths, enabling us to acquire the large amounts of air needed to sustain the increased level of energy. In susceptible airways when we breathe air that is unfiltered, dry and cold it causes bronchoconstriction (narrowing of the airways), producing the symptoms of asthma chest tightness, wheeze/cough and breathlessness. How will I know if I have EIA...? If you have any of these symptoms during or after playing sport or exercising/activities, you may be experiencing EIA: Shortness of breath a few minutes after starting to exercise/play sport Tight feeling in chest while playing a sport/ exercising/active Stopping exercise/sport/activity because you feel unwell Wheezing and/or coughing  If you think you may have any of the signs of EIA and have not been diagnosed with asthma, please contact your family doctor for advice.
atopic dermatitis
In addition to chronic asthma another condition is Exercise Induced Asthma or (EIA) when physical activities is the only trigger causing narrowing of the airways, and producing the symptoms of asthma. This condition is Non-Allergic (intrinsic) asthma that triggered by factors not related to allergies, in this case: exercise. Exercise induced asthma is a relatively common problem that can go undiagnosed, as some attribute their symptoms to being unfit. Exercise-induced asthma, may be worse when the air is cold so there is a need to use a quick-relief inhaler more often for some people. If you have any of these symptoms during or after playing sport or exercising/activities, you may be experiencing EIA: shortness of breath a few minutes after starting to exercise/play sport, tight feeling in chest while playing a sport/exercising/active, stopping exercise/sport/activity because you feel unwell Wheezing and/or coughing. If you think you may have any of the signs of EIA and have not been diagnosed with asthma, please contact your family doctor for advice. Being active is important for people with asthma as it helps in the management of the condition. Exercise helps to strengthen the muscles used for breathing, and over time may even help to improve your EIA symptoms.  Physical activity is an important part of a healthy lifestyle. Talk with your doctor about medicines that can help you stay active.
atopic dermatitis
Being active is important for people with asthma as it helps in the management of the condition.
Exercise helps to strengthen the muscles used for breathing, and over time may even help to improve your EIA symptoms.
It is important to participate in sports/exercise when there is chronic asthma, in order to help in the management of asthma.
Some advice to help prevent symptoms while exercising: two puffs of the blue reliever inhaler before warming up, some warm-up exercise e.g. gentle exercises and stretching for 5-10 minutes. This will help to increase the heart and breathing rates gradually lessening the effects of the cold air and only after that to start. If one experiences symptoms during playing sport/exercising, one should stop and take some slow, deep breaths, take four puffs of blue inhaler (one at a time), using a spacer if accessible, then return to activity if you are free of symptoms If your symptoms continue or return after your recommence, repeat inhaler instructions and see a doctor as soon as possible.

Inspiratory muscle training helps strengthen lung muscles with a series of breathing exercises.
It is s sometimes used for other lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and after certain types of surgery. Though, there's not enough proof to say whether they help with asthma.

	
atopic dermatitis
 Prevention and long-term control are key in stopping asthma attacks before they start. Treatment usually involves learning to recognize your triggers and taking steps to avoid them, and tracking your breathing to make sure your daily asthma medications are keeping symptoms under control. In case of an asthma flare-up, you may need to use a quick-relief inhaler, such as albuterol.  The right medications for you depend on a number of things, including your age, symptoms, your asthma triggers and what seems to work best to keep your asthma under control. Preventive, long-term control medications reduce the inflammation in your airways that leads to symptoms.They are taken daily and are the cornerstone of asthma treatment. Quick-relief inhalers (bronchodilators) quickly open swollen airways that are limiting breathing. In some cases, allergy medications are necessary. Long term medications keep asthma under control on a day-to-day basis and make it less likely to have an asthma attack. Types of long-term control medications include:  Inhaled corticosteroids. You may need to use these medications for several days to weeks before they reach their maximum benefit. Quick-relief medications are used as needed for rapid, short-term symptom relief during an asthma attack  or before exercise if your doctor recommends it. Types of quick-relief medications include:  Short-acting beta agonists. These inhaled, quick-relief bronchodilators act within minutes to rapidly ease symptoms during an asthma attack. But if your long-term control medications are working properly, you shouldn't need to use your quick-relief inhaler very often.
atopic dermatitis
 Corticosteroids are medicines that help prevent asthma symptoms occurring by reducing the inflammation in the airways. Cortisone, is part of a family of substances known as steroids which are produced by the body to help it function normally. Corticosteroids were developed from cortisone and are agents that decrease inflammation. The medication is used in several forms, to treat many different conditions. It reduces itching, swelling, redness, and allergic reactions, used in treating skin problems, severe allergies, asthma and arthritis. Inhaled corticosteroids are a maintenance medicine that helps to prevent severe asthma symptoms. They are prescribed for patients of all ages to treat different levels of persistent asthma. They work by dampening down the inflammation in the airways, and are the most effective agents for treating asthma. As a result, asthma symptoms and sudden acute attacks occur less often. To be effective, they need to be taken once or twice every day as prescribed by your doctor. They are of no benefit when used for symptoms, unlike bronchodilators, or when taken on an odd occasion. Common Corticosteroids: Beclozone (Beclomethasone), Flixotide (Fluticasone), Pulmicort (Budesonide). Some preventers may take 3 to 4 weeks to become effective others only take a few days, so it may take some time before you notice a difference in your your asthma. Some people on inhaled corticosteroids may have local side effects such as sore throat, husky voice, thrush (an infection) in the mouth. These side effects can be avoided by using a spacer.
atopic dermatitis
 A variety of asthma inhalers are available to help control asthma symptoms in adults and children. QUICK-RELIEF MEDICATIONS (also known as short-acting bronchodilators) are taken when needed for rapid, short-term relief of asthma symptoms. LONG-TERM CONTROL MEDICATIONS are usually taken daily to control underlying airway inflammation and thereby prevent asthma symptoms.Types of asthma inhalers include:  Metered dose inhalers. Dry powder inhaler. Metered dose inhaler with a spacer.  Take the medication exactly as prescribed. Don't stop taking the medication or adjust the dosage on your own. Types of quick-relief medications include:  Short-acting beta agonists. They include albuterol (ProAir HFA, Ventolin HFA, others), levalbuterol (Xopenex HFA) and pirbuterol (Maxair). Ipratropium (Atrovent). Ipratropium (Atrovent). Like other bronchodilators, ipratropium acts quickly to immediately relax your airways, making it easier to breathe. Oral and intravenous corticosteroids. Allergy medications may help if your asthma is triggered or worsened by allergies. Inhaled corticosteroids These anti-inflammatory drugs are the most effective and commonly used long-term control medications for asthma.
atopic dermatitis
Asthma is a chronic (longterm) lung disease that inflames and narrows the airways. it is can not be cured but its sympthoms can be controlled.  It is treated with two types of medicines:   long term control and quick relief medicines. Long term control medicines help reduce airway inflammation and prevent asthma symptoms. such medicine are doctor prescribes and should be taken daily. Quick relief, or rescue, medicines relieve asthma symptoms when they flare up. an inhaler is a common quick relief medicine. it is important to practice using your inhaler at the doctors office in order to learn the correct usage. Your initial asthma treatment will depend on how severe your disease is. The goal of asthma treatment is to control the disease and prevent asthma attacks. Good asthma control will: 	 Prevent chronic and troublesome symptoms, such as coughing and shortness of breath  	 Reduce your need for quick relief medicines  	 Help you maintain good lung function  	 Let you maintain your normal activity levels and sleep through the night 	 Prevent asthma attacks that could result in  your going to the emergency room or being admitted to the hospital for treatment  To reach this goal, you should actively partner with your doctor to manage the disease and create and follow an asthma action plan. With todays knowledge and treatments, most people who have asthma are able to manage the disease. They have few, if any, symptoms and can live normal, active lives.
atopic dermatitis
 Corticosteroids are medicines that help prevent asthma symptoms occurring by reducing the inflammation in the airways. Cortisone, is part of a family of substances known as steroids which are produced by the body to help it function normally. It reduces itching, swelling, redness, and allergic reactions, used in treating skin problems, severe allergies, asthma and arthritis. Inhaled corticosteroids are prescribed for patients of all ages to treat different levels of persistent asthma. To be effective, they need to be taken once or twice every day as prescribed by your doctor. Inhaled steroids are not addictive. The dose is carefully worked out according to you/your childs weight. Its best to give each dose of steroid with food in the morning, usually at breakfast time. Steroids given by mouth During severe acute asthma episodes you/your child may need a higher dose of corticosteroids to be taken by mouth. A larger dose of steroid taken this way allows the medicine to work faster. These anti-inflammatory drugs are the most effective and commonly used long-term control medications for asthma. Corticosteroids don't generally cause serious side effects. After you use it, rinse your mouth with water, gargle, and spit out. Corticosteroid creams or ointments. Your doctor may recommend prescription corticosteroid creams or ointments to ease scaling and relieve itching. Some people on inhaled corticosteroids may have local side effects such as: sore throat, husky voice, thrush (an infection) in the mouth. Inhaled steroids are not addictive.
atopic dermatitis
 Asthma is a longterm lung disease that cant be cured.It causes inflammation and narrowing of the airways, making them swollen and  very sensitive. That can result in asthma symptoms. Symptoms may include wheezing , chest tightness, shortness of breath, and coughing. When symptoms get more intense and/or additional symptoms occur, this is an asthma attack. Its important to treat symptoms when you first notice them. This will help prevent the symptoms from worsening and causing a severe asthma attack that may require emergency care, and can cause death.  Asthma is treated with two types of medicines:   longterm control and quickrelief medicines. Longterm control medicines help reduce airway inflammation and prevent asthma symptoms. Quickrelief, or rescue, medicines relieve asthma symptoms when they flare up. Your initial asthma treatment will depend on how severe your disease is. Followup asthma treatment will depend on how well your asthma action plan is working to control your symptoms and prevent asthma attacks. The goal of asthma treatment is to control the disease and prevent asthma attacks. Good asthma control will Prevent chronic and troublesome symptoms, such as shortness of breath, Reduce your need for quickrelief medicines, Let you maintain your normal activity levels and sleep through the night and will Prevent severe asthma attacks. To reach this goal, you should actively partner with your doctor to manage the disease and create and follow an asthma action plan. With todays knowledge and treatments, most people who have asthma are able to manage the disease.
atopic dermatitis
 The goal of asthma treatment is to control the disease and prevent asthma attacks. It is treated with two types of medicines: longterm control and quickrelief medicines. Longterm control medicines help reduce airway inflammation and prevent asthma symptoms. Quickrelief, or rescue, medicines relieve asthma symptoms when they flare up. An asthma action plan gives guidance on taking your medicines properly, avoiding factors that worsen your asthma, tracking your level of asthma control, responding to worsening asthma, and seeking emergency care when  needed. Good asthma control will: Prevent chronic and troublesome symptoms, such as coughing and shortness of breath Reduce your need for quickrelief medicines Help you maintain good lung function Let you maintain your normal activity levels and sleep through the night Prevent asthma attacks that could result in  your going to the emergency room or being admitted to the hospital for treatment  To reach this goal, you should actively partner with your doctor to manage the disease and create and follow an asthma action plan. Your initial asthma treatment will depend on how severe your disease is. Asthma can\'t be cured, but its symptoms can be controlled. Because asthma often changes over time, it\'s important that you work with your doctor to track your signs and symptoms and adjust treatment as needed.
atopic dermatitis
Most asthma medications are inhaled as sprays or powders and may be taken using metered-dose inhalers, dry powder inhalers, or nebulizers. A metered-dose inhaler is a pressurized canister that delivers a dose of medication and does not require deep and fast breathing (see Appendix 3 for instructions). A dry powder inhaler is another kind of inhaler that does require deep and fast breathing to get the medication into the lungs (see Appendix 4 for instructions). A nebulizer is a machine that turns liquid medication into a fine mist. Whichever delivery method is used, it is important for patient to take their medications correctly. LONG-TERM CONTROL MEDICATIONS are usually taken daily to control underlying airway inflammation and thereby prevent asthma symptoms. They can significantly reduce a patient need for quick-relief medication. Inhaled corticosteroids are the most effective long-term control medications for asthma. It is important to remember that inhaled corticosteroids are generally safe for long-term use when taken as prescribed. They are not addictive and are not the same as illegal anabolic steroids used by some athletes to build muscles. QUICK-RELIEF MEDICATIONS are taken when needed for rapid, short-term relief of asthma symptoms. They help stop asthma attacks by temporarily relaxing the muscles around the airways. However, they do nothing to treat the underlying airway inflammation that caused the symptoms to flare up. An additional use for quick-relief medications is the prevention of asthma symptoms in patients who have exercise-induced asthma. These patients may be directed  to take their quick-relief medication inhaler 5 minutes before physical activities.
atopic dermatitis
Corticosteroids were developed from cortisone and are agents that decrease inflammation. The medication is used in several forms, to treat many different conditions. It reduces itching, swelling, redness, and allergic reactions, used in treating skin problems, severe allergies, asthma and arthritis. Although corticosteroids are part of the steroid family they are not the same as the anabolic steroids some athletes and body-builders use to enhance their muscles and gain strength. Anabolic steroids can have serious side effects. Inhaled corticosteroids are prescribed for patients of all ages to treat different levels of persistent asthma. They work by dampening down the inflammation in the airways, and are the most effective agents for treating asthma. As a result, asthma symptoms and sudden acute attacks occur less often. To be effective, they need to be taken once or twice every day as prescribed by your doctor. They are of no benefit when used for symptoms, unlike bronchodilators or when taken on an odd occasion. Inhaled corticosteroids are a maintenance medicine that helps to prevent severe asthma symptoms. Common Corticosteroids:      Beclozone (Beclomethasone)\     Flixotide (Fluticasone)     Pulmicort (Budesonide)   Some preventers may take 3 to 4 weeks to become effective others only take a few days, so it may take some time before you notice a difference in your childs or your asthma. You may also notice that the blue inhaler is not needed as often.
atopic dermatitis
Treating atopic dermatitis in infants and children Give brief, lukewarm baths. Apply an emollient immediately following the bath. Keep a child\'s fingernails filed short. Select soft cotton fabrics when choosing clothing. Consider using antihistamines to reduce scratching at night. Keep the child cool; avoid situations where overheating occurs. Learn to recognize skin infections and seek treatment promptly. Attempt to distract the child with activities to keep him or her from scratching. 
Tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel) ointments are powerful and expensive topical medicated creams (drugs that are applied to the skin) that are used for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. They are not particularly effective in patients with severe disease and are best used on the faces of children. Phototherapy is treatment with light that uses ultraviolet A or B light waves or a combination of both. This treatment can be an effective treatment for mild to moderate dermatitis in older children (over 12 years old) and adults. Photochemotherapy, a combination of ultraviolet light therapy and a drug called psoralen, can also be used in cases that are resistant to phototherapy alone. Possible long-term side effects of this treatment include premature skin aging and skin cancer. If the doctor thinks that phototherapy may be useful in treating the symptoms of atopic dermatitis, he or she will use the minimum exposure necessary and monitor the skin carefully.
atopic dermatitis
 Although atopic dermatitis can occur in any age, most often it affects infants and young children. Most children with atopic dermatitis enter into a permanent remission of the disease when they get older, although their skin may remain somewhat dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood. Treating atopic dermatitis in infants and children includes      Giving brief, lukewarm baths and Applying an emollient immediately following the bath, Keeping the child's fingernails filed short, Selecting soft cotton fabrics when choosing clothing. using antihistamines to reduce scratching at night should be considered. The parent should keep the child cool and avoid situations where overheating occurs. He should learn to recognize skin infections and seek treatment promptly. When a child has atopic dermatitis, the entire family situation may be affected. It is important that families have additional support to help them cope with the stress and frustration associated with the disease. The child may be fussy and difficult and often is unable to keep from scratching and rubbing the skin. Distracting the child and providing as many activities that keep the hands busy are key but require effort and work on the part of the parents or caregivers. The child may face difficulty in school or other social relationships and may need additional support and encouragement from family members.
atopic dermatitis
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin. It is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another through skin contact. There is generally no cause for concern in being around someone with even an active case of atopic dermatitis, unless they have active skin infections. The word dermatitis means inflammation of the skin. The term atopic is from the Greek meaning strange. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, and finally, crusting and scaling. In most cases, there are periods of time when the disease is worse (called exacerbations or flares) followed by periods when the skin improves or clears up entirely (called remissions). Atopic dermatitis is often referred to as eczema, which is a general term for the several types of inflammation of the skin. Atopic dermatitis is the most common of the many types of eczema. Although atopic dermatitis can occur in any age, most often it affects infants and young children. Occasionally, it may persist into adulthood or may actually appear at that time. Some patients tend to have a protracted course with various ups and downs. The cause of atopic dermatitis is unknown, but it may result from a combination of inherited tendencies for sensitive skin and malfunction in the body's immune system.
atopic dermatitis
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin. It is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another. The word dermatitis means inflammation of the skin. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, and finally, crusting and scaling. In most cases, there are periods of time when the disease is worse (called exacerbations or flares) followed by periods when the skin improves or clears up entirely (called remissions). As some children with atopic dermatitis grow older, their skin disease improves or disappears altogether, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood. Atopic dermatitis is often referred to as eczema, which is a general term for the several types of inflammation of the skin. Atopic dermatitis is the most common of the many types of eczema.
atopic dermatitis
 Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin. It is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another. The word dermatitis means inflammation of the skin. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. Atopic dermatitis affects a large percentage of the world's population.It is a special type of allergic hypersensitivity that includes a triad of conditions that includes asthma, inhalant allergies (hay fever), and a chronic dermatitis (eczema). In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, and finally, crusting and scaling. In most cases, there are periods of time when the disease is worse (called exacerbations or flares) followed by periods when the skin improves or clears up entirely (called remissions). As some children with atopic dermatitis grow older, their skin disease improves or disappears altogether, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood. Atopic dermatitis is the most common of the many types of eczema. There is a known hereditary component of the disease, and it is more common in affected families. Criteria that enable to diagnose it include the typical appearance and distribution of the rash in a patient with a personal or family history of asthma and/or hay fever.
atopic dermatitis
Atopic dermatitis most often begins in childhood before age 5 and may persist into adulthood. Most children with atopic dermatitis enter into a permanent remission of the disease when they get older, although their skin may remain somewhat dry and easily irritated.  For some, it flares periodically and then subsides for a time, even up to several years. Itching may be severe, and scratching the rash can make it even itchier and cause more inflammation. Once the skin barrier is broken, the skin can become infected by bacteria, especially Staphylococcus aureus, which commonly live on the skin. Breaking this itch-scratch cycle can be challenging. When atopic dermatitis occurs in infants, it's called infantile eczema. This condition may continue into childhood and adolescence. Infantile eczema often involves an oozing, crusting rash, mainly on the skin of the face and scalp, but it can occur anywhere. After infancy, the rash becomes dryer and tends to be red to brown-gray in color. In adolescence, the skin may be scaly or thickened and easily irritated. The intense itching may continue. As some children with atopic dermatitis grow older, their skin disease improves or disappears altogether, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood. A class of medications called immunomodulators, such as tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel), affect the immune system and may help maintain normal skin texture and reduce flares of atopic dermatitis. This prescription-only medication is approved for children older than 2 and for adults.
exercise induced asthma
 Over-the-counter (nonprescription) anti-itch creams and other self-care measures may help control mild atopic dermatitis. Your doctor may recommend prescription corticosteroid creams or ointments to ease scaling and relieve itching. Some low-potency corticosteroid creams are available without a prescription, but you should always talk to your doctor before using any topical corticosteroid. If itching is severe, oral antihistamines may help. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl, others) can make you sleepy and may be helpful at bedtime. For more severe cases, your doctor may prescribe oral corticosteroids, such as prednisone, or an intramuscular injection of corticosteroids to reduce inflammation and to control symptoms. These medications are effective, but can\'t be used long term because of potential serious side effects. A class of medications called immunomodulators, such as tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel), affect the immune system and may help maintain normal skin texture and reduce flares of atopic dermatitis. This prescription-only medication is approved for children older than 2 and for adults. Due to possible concerns about the effect of these medications on the immune system when used for prolonged periods, the Food and Drug Administration recommends that Elidel and Protopic be used only when other treatments have failed or if someone can\'t tolerate other treatments. Many alternative therapies  including chamomile, evening-primrose oil, witch hazel extract and borage seed oil  have been touted as possible ways to treat atopic dermatitis (eczema). However, there\'s no conclusive evidence that any of these alternative therapies are effective.
exercise induced asthma
  Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin. It is a common condition affecting approximately 17% of the population.  It is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. As some children with atopic dermatitis grow older, their skin disease improves or disappears altogether, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated.

 Treatments for atopic dermatitis (eczema) aim to reduce inflammation, relieve itching and prevent future flare-ups. Nonprescription anti-itch creams and other self-care measures may help control mild atopic dermatitis.  Self-care measures, such as avoiding soaps or other irritants and applying creams or ointments, can help relieve itching. Corticosteroid creams or ointments can ease scaling and relieve itching. Some low-potency corticosteroid creams are available without a prescription, but you should always talk to your doctor before using any topical corticosteroid. Antibiotics help a bacterial skin infection or an open sore or fissure caused by scratching. Taking antibiotics for a short time to treat an infection or for longer periods of time to reduce bacteria on your skin and to prevent recurrent infections. If itching is severe, oral antihistamines may help. 

Although atopic dermatitis is related to allergies, eliminating allergens is rarely helpful in clearing the condition. Allergy shots usually aren\'t successful in treating atopic dermatitis.
exercise induced asthma
 The exact cause of atopic dermatitis (eczema) is unknown, but it\'s likely due to a combination of dry, irritable skin with a malfunction in the body\'s immune system. Stress and other emotional disorders can worsen atopic dermatitis, but they don\'t cause it. Corticosteroid creams or ointments. Your doctor may recommend prescription corticosteroid creams or ointments to ease scaling and relieve itching. Some low-potency corticosteroid creams are available without a prescription, but you should always talk to your doctor before using any topical corticosteroid. Over-the-counter (nonprescription) anti-itch creams and other self-care measures may help control mild atopic dermatitis. Although atopic dermatitis is related to allergies, eliminating allergens is rarely helpful in clearing the condition. Occasionally, items that trap dust  such as feather pillows, down comforters, mattresses, carpeting and drapes  can worsen the condition. Allergy shots usually aren\'t successful in treating atopic dermatitis. Light therapy (phototherapy) As the name suggests, this treatment uses natural or artificial light. The simplest and easiest form of phototherapy involves exposing your skin to controlled amounts of natural sunlight. Other forms of light therapy include the use of artificial ultraviolet A (UVA) or ultraviolet B (UVB) light including the more recently available narrow band ultraviolet B (NBUVB) either alone or with medications. Though effective, long-term light therapy has many harmful effects, including premature skin aging and an increased risk of skin cancer.
exercise induced asthma
 The right medications for Asthma depend on a number of things, including age,  symptoms, asthma triggers and what seems to work best to keep the asthma under control. Preventive, long-term control medications reduce the inflammation in the airways that leads to symptoms. Quick-relief inhalers (bronchodilators) quickly open swollen airways that are limiting breathing. Types of long-term control medications include: Inhaled corticosteroids.  These medications include fluticasone, budesonide, mometasone, ciclesonide, flunisolide, beclomethasone and others.

Leukotriene modifiers are oral medications (including montelukast , zafirlukast and zileutonhelp relieve asthma symptoms for up to 24 hour. These medication may have more severe side effects.

Long-acting beta agonists are inhaled medications, which include salmeterol and formoterol, open the airways and reduce inflammation.

Some research shows that thesse may increase the risk of a severe asthma attack, so take them only in combination with an inhaled corticosteroid.

Combination inhalers are medications such as fluticasone-salmeterol, budesonide-formoterol and mometasone-formoterol which contain a long-acting beta agonist along with a corticosteroid.

Because these combination inhalers contain long-acting beta agonists, they may increase the risk of having a severe asthma attack.

 A variety of asthma inhalers are available to help control asthma symptoms in adults and children.

Theophylline is a daily pill that helps keep the airways open (bronchodilator) by relaxing the muscles around the airways. It's not used as often now as in past years.



 Most asthma medications can be safely used during pregnancy. 

Not all medications are  approved for use in children by the FDA, but the doctor may prescribe them based on judgment of what\'s likely to work best for the child.
exercise induced asthma
 Asthma is a chronic disease that affects the airways. This can cause wheezing, coughing, chest tightness and trouble breathing, especially early in the morning or at night. Asthma is treated with two kinds of medicines: quick-relief medicines to stop asthma symptoms and long-term control medicines to prevent symptoms. 

 Quick-relief medications are used as needed for rapid, short-term symptom relief during an asthma attack such as Short-acting beta agonists. When inhaled, quick-relief bronchodilators act within minutes to rapidly ease symptoms during an asthma attack. 

Many people with asthma need to take long-term control medications on a daily basis. Oral and intravenous corticosteroids such as prednisone and methylprednisolone relieve airway inflammation caused by severe asthma. They can cause serious side effects when used long term, so they're used only on a short-term basis to treat severe asthma symptoms. 

Regular use of inhaled corticosteroids helps keep asthma attacks and other problems linked to poorly controlled asthma in check.  In children, long-term use of inhaled corticosteroids may slightly delay growth, but the benefits of using these medications to maintain good asthma control generally outweigh their risks. Some inhaled asthma medication combinations contain both a corticosteroid and a bronchodilator.

 As with other LABA medications, these inhalers may increase your risk of having a severe asthma attack and should be used with caution.

Allergy medications may help if asthma is triggered or worsened by allergies. Over time, allergy shots gradually reduce the immune system reaction to specific allergens.


exercise induced asthma
 Quick-relief (rescue) medications are used as needed for rapid, short-term symptom relief during an asthma attack  or before exercise if your doctor recommends it. Types of quick-relief medications include:  Short-acting beta agonists. These inhaled, quick-relief bronchodilators act within minutes to rapidly ease symptoms during an asthma attack. Short-acting beta agonists can be taken using a portable, hand-held inhaler or a nebulizer  a machine that converts asthma medications to a fine mist, so they can be inhaled through a face mask or a mouthpiece. Like other bronchodilators, ipratropium acts quickly to immediately relax your airways, making it easier to breathe. Ipratropium is mostly used for emphysema and chronic bronchitis, but it\'s sometimes used to treat asthma attacks. Oral and intravenous corticosteroids. These medications  which include prednisone and methylprednisolone  relieve airway inflammation caused by severe asthma. They can cause serious side effects when used long term, so they\'re used only on a short-term basis to treat severe asthma symptoms. If you have an asthma flare-up, a quick-relief inhaler can ease your symptoms right away. But if your long-term control medications are working properly, you shouldn\'t need to use your quick-relief inhaler very often. Keep a record of how many puffs you use each week. If you need to use your quick-relief inhaler more often than your doctor recommends, see your doctor.
exercise induced asthma
Asthma is a chronic  lung disease that inflames and narrows the airways. In asthma, the inside walls of airways tubes become sore and swollen and the lungs do not get enough air. Cells in the airways may make more mucus than normal. This chain reaction can result in asthma symptoms. Symptoms may include wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath, and coughing. When symptoms get more intense and additional symptoms occur, this is an asthma attack. Severe attacks may require emergency care, and they can cause death.

Allergy-induced asthma is triggered by exposure to an allergen in the environment  such as pollen, dust mites and pet dander. In some people, skin or food allergies can cause asthma symptoms. An allergic response occurs when immune system chemicals (antibodies) mistakenly identify a harmless substance such as tree pollen as a dangerous invader. In an attempt to protect the body from the substance, antibodies attack the allergen. Some treatment can reduce both asthma and allergy symptoms, but most are designed to treat either one or the other. Allergy shots can help treat asthma by gradually reducing the  immune system response to certain allergy triggers. 

A hygiene hypothesis assumes that the Western lifestyle which emphasises hygiene and sanitation has resulted in changes in living conditions and an overall decline in infections in early childhood. This affects the way that young children's immune systems develop, and it may increase their risk for atopy and asthma. 

Asthma is treated with two kinds of medicines: quick-relief to stop asthma symptoms and long-term control to prevent symptoms. 
exercise induced asthma
Asthma is a chronic lung disease that inflames and narrows the airways. Asthma causes recurring periods of wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath, and coughing.

Allergies occur when the immune system reacts to a foreign substance such as pollen, bee venom or pet dander. Inflaming the: skin, sinuses, airways or digestive system.

Allergies and asthma often occur together. Indoor allergens and irritants play a significant role in triggering asthma attacks. Allergic asthma is characterized by symptoms that are triggered by an allergic reaction. Exposure to dust mites can cause asthma in children who have not previously exhibited asthma symptoms. Allergic asthma is airway obstruction and inflammation that is partially reversible with medication. It is the most common form of asthma, affecting over 50% of the 20 million asthma sufferers.Over 2.5 million children under age 18 suffer from it.

Atopic dermatitis is a common, often long-lasting skin disease that affects a large percentage of the world's population.  It is a special type of allergic hypersensitivity that includes a triad of conditions that includes asthma, inhalant allergies, and a chronic dermatitis.

Some treatment can reduce both asthma and allergy symptoms, but most are designed to treat either one or the other. Montelukast (Singulair) is a medication that eases both allergy and asthma symptoms. Allergy shots can help treat asthma by gradually reducing the immune system response to certain allergy triggers. Recognizing and avoiding the allergic substances that trigger the symptoms is the most important step. 

   
exercise induced asthma
Allergies and asthma often occur together. The same substances that trigger your hay fever symptoms may also cause asthma signs and symptoms such as shortness of breath, wheezing and chest tightness. This is called allergic asthma or allergy-induced asthma. Substances such as pollen, dust mites and pet dander are common triggers. 



In some people, skin or food allergies can cause asthma symptoms. 

Dogs, cats, rodents (including hamsters and guinea pigs) and other warm-blooded mammals can trigger asthma in individuals with an allergy to animal dander. Some people develop asthma because of contact with certain chemical irritants or industrial dusts in the workplace. This type of asthma is called occupational asthma. 



Some treatment can reduce both asthma and allergy symptoms, but most are designed to treat either one or the other. 

If your asthma symptoms are clearly related to allergens, and you can\'t avoid exposure to those allergens, your doctor may advise you to get allergy shots. Allergy shots can help treat asthma by gradually reducing your immune system response to certain allergy triggers. However, recognizing and avoiding the allergic substances that trigger your symptoms is the most important step you can take. 



Asthma is a long-term disease that has no cure. Symptoms of asthma or allergy also may improve on their own as an illness (like a cold or flu) runs its course. Hypnosis might give people with asthma or allergies more self-discipline to follow good health practices.  


exercise induced asthma
 Most, but not all, people who have asthma have allergies. Allergens Animal Dander Allergies occur when your immune system reacts to a foreign substance such as pollen, bee venom or pet dander.This is called allergic asthma or allergy-induced asthma. Allergies and asthma often occur together.  Common allergy triggers include:  Airborne allergens, such as pollen, animal dander, dust mites and mold Certain foods, particularly peanuts, tree nuts, wheat, soy, fish, shellfish, eggs and milk Insect stings, such as bee stings or wasp stings Medications, particularly penicillin or penicillin-based antibiotics Latex or other substances you touch, which can cause allergic skin reactions. Allergies and asthma often occur together. This is called allergic asthma or allergy-induced asthma. The same substances that trigger your hay fever symptoms may also cause asthma signs and symptoms such as shortness of breath, wheezing and chest tightness. In many cases, asthma is triggered by exposure to an allergen in the environment (allergy-induced asthma). If you have an allergy, you're more likely to have asthma  an immune system reaction that affects the airways and breathing.  In many cases, asthma is triggered by exposure to an allergen in the environment (allergy-induced asthma). A few treatments can help with both conditions.
exercise induced asthma
 Molds are microscopic fungi that live on plant and animal matter. Molds can be found almost anywhere when moisture is present. Mold spores float through the indoor and outdoor air continually. For people sensitive to molds, inhaling mold spores can trigger an asthma attack.  Mold is among the most hazardous household substances for people with allergies and asthma. They also can reach the lungs, to cause asthma or another serious illness called allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. If you have an allergy, you\'re more likely to have asthma  an immune system reaction that affects the airways and breathing. In many cases, asthma is triggered by exposure to an allergen in the environment (allergy-induced asthma). How To Control Things That Make Your Asthma Worse: Indoor Mold Fix leaky faucets, pipes, or other sources of water that have mold around them. Clean moldy surfaces with a cleaner that has bleach in it. Stay indoors with windows closed from late morning to afternoon, if you can. Clean damp areas in the bath, kitchen and around the house to keep mold spores from developing. Get rid of moldy leaves or damp firewood in the yard.
exercise induced asthma
  An allergy is triggered when the immune system mistakes a normally harmless substance for a dangerous invader. The immune system produces antibodies that are always on the alert for your particular allergen. When you\'re exposed to the allergen again in the future, these antibodies release a number of immune system chemicals, such as histamine, that cause allergy symptoms.Researchers think some genetic and environmental factors interact to cause asthma, most often early in life including:  hereditary (from parents), tendency (atopy), respiratory infections, exposure or contact to some airborne allergens or viral infections in early childhood,  exposure to irritants.

The same factors may affect people differently. 

Researchers explore Hygiene Hypothesis which claims that the hygienic lifestyle of the west reduce the exposure of children to infections and therefore the immune system is not practiced and tends to develop allergies. 



 Indoor allergies (perennial allergic rhinitis [PAR]/nasal allergies) occur when allergens that are commonly found indoors are inhaled into the nose and the lungs causing allergic reactions. Other common triggers include:  Airborne allergens (pollen, animal dander, dust mites and mold) Certain foods, particularly peanuts, tree nuts, wheat, soy, fish, shellfish, eggs and milk. Insect stings, such as bee stings or wasp stings, Certain proteins are found in cockroach feces and saliva and can cause allergic reactions or trigger asthma. Medications, particularly penicillin or penicillin-based antibiotics Latex or other substances you touch, which can cause allergic skin reactions. Smoke from wood-burning stoves and fireplaces contain a mixture of harmful gases and small particles.
exercise induced asthma
An allergy starts when the immune system mistakes a normally harmless substance for a dangerous invader and produces antibodies that are always on the alert for your particular allergen. When you're exposed to the allergen again in the future, these antibodies release a number of immune system chemicals, such as histamine, that cause allergy symptoms. Having an allergy increases the risk of certain medical problems, such as a runny nose, sneezing, itching, rashes, swelling, including Asthma (an immune system reaction that affects the airways and breathing). In many cases, allergies and asthma often occur together. So, If you have an allergy, you're more likely to have asthma. Asthma is triggered by exposure to an allergen in the environment (called allergy-induced asthma or allergic asthma). Allergic asthma is the most common form of asthma, affecting over 50% of the 20 million asthma sufferers. Substances such as pollen, dust mites, mold and pet dander are common triggers. In some people, skin or food allergies can cause asthma symptoms. The severity of allergies varies from person to person and can range from minor irritation to anaphylaxis a potentially life-threatening emergency. If you have asthma, you may react to just one trigger or you may find that several things act as triggers. With today's knowledge and treatments, most people who have asthma are able to manage the disease. However, recognizing and avoiding the allergic substances that trigger your symptoms is the most important step you can take.
exercise induced asthma
 Asthma is a chronic disease that affects your airways. Your airways are tubes that carry air in and out of your lungs. If you have asthma, the inside walls of your airways become sore and swollen. That makes them very sensitive, and they may react strongly to things that you are allergic to or find irritating. When your airways react, they get narrower and your lungs get less air. This can cause wheezing, coughing, chest tightness and trouble breathing, especially early in the morning or at night. When your asthma symptoms become worse than usual, it's called an asthma attack .The exact cause of asthma isn't known, Different factors may be more likely to cause asthma in some people  than in others.Researchers think some genetic and environmental factors interact to cause asthma, most often early in life. These factors include: An inherited tendency to develop allergies, called atopy (AT-o-pe), Parents who have asthma, Certain respiratory infections during childhood, Contact with some airborne allergens or exposure to some viral infections in infancy or in early childhood when the immune system is developing. If you have asthma, you may react to just one trigger or you may find that several things act as triggers. (Triggers are things that can cause asthma symptoms)  If you have asthma, you may react to just one trigger or you may find that several things act as triggers. Some common triggers are: Getting a cold or flu Pollen, dust and animals (especially cats) Cold weather, Smoking, Exercise.   
exercise induced asthma
What Is Mold Allergy? Mold and mildew are fungi. They differ from plants or animals in how they reproduce and grow. The "seeds" called spores, are spread by the wind outdoors and by air indoors. Some spores are released in dry, windy weather and others are released with the fog or dew when humidity is high. Inhaling the spores causes allergic reactions in some people. Although there are many types of molds, only a few dozen cause allergic reactions.

Mold spores can deposit on the lining of the nose and cause high fever symptoms.They also can reach the lungs, to cause asthma or another serious illness called allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. It is common for people to be at greater risk of developing mold allergy if they or other family members are allergic to substances such as pollen or animal dander or if their occupations includ more exposure to mold (for example: Farmers, dairymen, loggers, bakers, mill workers, carpenters, greenhouse employees, wine makers and furniture repairers). The symptoms of mold allergy are very similar to the symptoms of other allergies, such as sneezing, itching, nasal discharge, congestion and dry, scaling skin. In some people with allergy, irritation alone can cause a reaction. To diagnose an allergy to mold or fungi, the doctor will take a complete medical history, skin tests and use the physical examination all together. How Is Mold Allergy Treated? As with most allergies, patients should take some actions to avoid contact with the spores (for example: Wear a dust mask when cutting grass, digging around plants, picking up leaves, disturbing other plant materials and reduce the humidity indoors to 35%). 
exercise induced asthma
 Molds are microscopic fungi that live on plant and animal matter. When mold spores land on damp places indoors, they may begin growing.

 Mold can trigger asthma attacks and allergic reactions (such as hay fever or eczema), and cause health problems in people without those conditions. Mold grows in humid, damp environments, so the best way to prevent and control indoor mold is to keep your home as dry and ventilated as possible. Mold spores can deposit on the lining of the nose and cause hay fever symptoms. They also can reach the lungs, to cause asthma or another serious illness called allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis.



The symptoms of mold allergy are very similar to the symptoms of other allergies, such as sneezing, itching, nasal discharge, congestion and dry, scaling skin. Some people with mold allergies may have symptoms the entire summer because of outdoor molds or year-round if symptoms are due to indoor molds. 



For diagnosis doctors use patient's medical history, skin testing results, and physical examination.  



Prognosis: Allergies cannot be cured, symptoms of the allergy can be reduced by avoiding contact with the spores. Mold quantity in the air can measured help  the carrier decide if to stay in a place.



Treatment: avoid contact with the spores, wear a dust mask when exposure may occur, reduce the humidity indoors. Medications include antihistamines and decongestants, or prescribed non-sedating antihistamines if continuous consumption of antihistamines cause drowsiness. For moderate and severe allergy symptoms, your doctor may prescribe corticosteroid nasal sprays. 
exercise induced asthma
 Asthma is commonly divided into two types: allergic (extrinsic) asthma and non-allergic (intrinsic) asthma. Researchers think a combination of factors (family genes and certain environmental exposures) interact to cause asthma. Asthma triggers are different from person to person and can include:  Airborne allergens, such as pollen, animal dander, mold, cockroaches and dust mites Allergic reactions to some foods, such as peanuts or shellfish Respiratory infections, such as the common cold Physical activity (exercise-induced asthma) Cold air Air pollutants and irritants, such as smoke Certain medications, including beta blockers, aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin, others) and naproxen (Aleve) Strong emotions and stress Sulfites and preservatives added to some types of foods and beverages Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), a condition in which stomach acids back up into your throat Menstrual cycle in some women. If you have an allergy, you\'re more likely to have asthma  an immune system reaction that affects the airways and breathing.
exercise induced asthma
Allergic (extrinsic) asthma is characterized by symptoms that are triggered by an allergic reaction; it is an airway obstruction and inflammation that is partially reversible with medication.

Asthma, a chronic lung disease, inflames and narrows the airways that react and tighten strongly to certain substances that are breathed in. Cells in the airways make more mucus than normal. Symptoms may include wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath, and coughing, can be mild or can get worse and intense, and cause an asthma attack which require emergency care, and can even cause death. It is more common in childhood and tends to affect boys more than girls.

Allergies and asthma often occur together. Substances such as pollen, dust mites and pet dander are common triggers. In some people, skin or food allergies can cause asthma symptoms.

 An allergic response occurs when immune system chemicals (antibodies) mistakenly identify a harmless substance such as tree pollen as a dangerous invader. The chemicals released by your immune system lead to allergy signs and symptoms, such as nasal congestion, runny nose, itchy eyes or skin reactions. For some people, this same reaction also affects the lungs and airways, leading to asthma symptoms. Some treatment can reduce both asthma and allergy symptoms, but most are designed to treat either one or the other. However, recognizing and avoiding the allergic substances that trigger symptoms is the most important step to take.

Allergy medications include oral and nasal spray antihistamines and decongestants as well as corticosteroid and cromolyn nasal sprays.  
exercise induced asthma
Asthma is a chronic (long-term), non-curable lung disease that inflames and narrows the airways. This makes the airways swollen and very sensitive. The airways tend to react strongly to certain substances that are breathed in. When the airways react, the muscles around them tighten the airways narrow and less air flows to the lungs. The swelling also can worsen the airways condition, by making them even narrower. As of 2009, 300 million people worldwide were affected by asthma leading to approximately 250,000 deaths per year. More boys have asthma than girls, but more women have it than men. For some people, asthma is a minor nuisance and for others it can be a major problem that interferes with daily activities and may lead to a life-threatening asthma attack. What Causes Asthma? The exact cause of asthma is unknown. Researchers think some genetic and environmental factors interact to cause asthma, most often early in life. These factors include: An inherited tendency to develop allergies, called atopy (AT-o-pe), Parents who have asthma, Certain respiratory infections during childhood, Contact with some airborne allergens or exposure to some viral infections in infancy or in early childhood when the immune system is developing If asthma or atopy runs in your family, exposure to irritants (for example, tobacco smoke), Having a mother who smoked while pregnant, Being overweight, Exposure to pollution, Exposure to occupational triggers (such as chemicals used in farming), hairdressing and manufacturing, Low birth weight, animal dander, dust mites and mold Certain foods, Insect stings, Medications, Latex or other substances you touch, which can cause allergic skin reactions. However, more research is needed to determine what role they may play in developing asthma. 
exercise induced asthma
 Allergic asthma is the most common form of asthma, affecting over 50% of the 20 million asthma sufferers.Over 2.5 million children under age 18 suffer from allergic asthma. Many of the symptoms of allergic and non-allergic asthma are the same (coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath or rapid breathing, and chest tightness). However, allergic asthma is triggered by inhaled allergens such as dust mite allergen, pet dander, pollen, mold, etc. resulting in asthma symptoms. An allergic response occurs when immune system chemicals (antibodies) mistakenly identify a harmless substance as a dangerous invader. In an attempt to protect your body from the substance, antibodies attack the allergen. The chemicals released by your immune system lead to allergy signs and symptoms, such as nasal congestion, runny nose, itchy eyes or skin reactions. For some people, this same reaction also affects the lungs and airways, leading to asthma symptoms. Common allergy triggers include:  Airborne allergens, animal dander, dust mites and mold. Certain foods, Insect stings and certain Medications. While allergies can't be cured, a number of treatments can help relieve your allergy symptoms. A few treatments can help with both conditions. For example:  Leukotriene modifier- a daily pill that helps control your immune system chemicals released during an allergic reaction, Allergy shots (immunotherapy) that can help treat asthma by gradually reducing your immune system response to certain allergy triggers. Your immune system builds up a tolerance to the allergens over time, and your allergic reactions diminish. In turn, asthma symptoms decrease as well.
exercise induced asthma
 Molds are microscopic fungi that live on plant and animal matter. They among the most hazardous household substances for people with allergies and asthma. Fungi differ from plants or animals in how they reproduce and grow. Their "seeds", called spores, are spread by the wind outdoors and by air indoors.  Some spores are released in dry, windy weather. Others are released with the fog or dew when humidity is high. Inhaling the spores can trigger asthma attacks and allergic reactions (such as hay fever or eczema), and it can even cause health problems in people without those conditions. Allergic symptoms from fungus spores are most common from July to late summer, But with fungi growing in so many places, allergic reactions can occur year round. The symptoms are very similar to the symptoms of other allergies, such as sneezing, itching, nasal discharge, congestion and dry, scaling skin.  It is common for people to get mold allergy if they or other family members are allergic to substances such as pollen or animal dander. Some people with mold allergies may have allergy symptoms the entire summer because of outdoor molds or year-round if symptoms are due to indoor molds. Molds can reach the lungs, to cause asthma or another serious illness called allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. Sometimes the reaction is immediate, and sometimes the reaction is delayed. Symptoms often worsen in a damp or moldy room such as a basement; this may suggest mold allergy.
exercise induced asthma
 Having asthma doesn\'t mean you have to be less active. Treatment can prevent asthma attacks and control symptoms during activity. If you already know you have EIA, or chronic asthma here is some advice to help prevent symptoms: Take two puffs of your blue reliever inhaler before warming up Do some warm-up exercise e.g. gentle exercises and stretching for 5-10 minutes. This will help to increase your heart and breathing rates gradually lessening the effects of the cold air Now you are ready to start  If you experience symptoms during playing sport/exercising: STOP and take some slow, deep breaths Take four puffs of blue inhaler (one at a time), using a spacer if accessible Return to activity if you are free of symptoms  If your symptoms continue or return after your recommence, repeat inhaler instructions and see a doctor as soon as possible. If you exercise in cold temperatures, wear a face mask to warm the air you breathe. Being active is important for people with asthma as it helps in the management of the condition. Exercise helps to strengthen the muscles used for breathing, and over time may even help to improve your EIA symptoms. Inspiratory muscle training This technique helps strengthen lung muscles with a series of breathing exercises. Breathing exercises Breathing techniques for asthma have been around for years, but many health providers remain skeptical about them. Nonetheless, in a number of studies, people who did breathing exercises reported improved symptoms.
exercise induced asthma
The symptoms with which chronic asthma presents are cough, breathlessness, chest tightness, or wheezing and are caused by the airways in the lungs narrowing. In addition to chronic asthma another condition is Exercise Induced Asthma or (EIA) when physical activities is the only trigger causing narrowing of the airways, and producing the symptoms of asthma.

 Exercise Induced Asthma Exercise induced asthma is a relatively common problem that can go undiagnosed, as some attribute their symptoms to being unfit.    During exercise it is necessary to breath through our mouths, enabling us to acquire the large amounts of air needed to sustain the increased level of energy. In susceptible airways when we breathe air that is unfiltered, dry and cold it causes bronchoconstriction (narrowing of the airways), producing the symptoms of asthma chest tightness, wheeze/cough and breathlessness. Being active is important for people with asthma as it helps in the management of the condition. Exercise helps to strengthen the muscles used for breathing, and over time may even help to improve EIA symptoms. Frequent or severe symptoms due to physical activity may suggest poorly controlled asthma and the need to either start or increase long-term control medicines that reduce inflammation. This will help prevent exercise-related symptoms. Easing into physical activity with a warmup period may be helpful. If you use your asthma medicines as your doctor directs, you should be able to take part in any physical activity or sport you choose.
exercise induced asthma
 Exercise Induced Asthma Exercise induced asthma is a relatively common problem that can go undiagnosed, as some attribute their symptoms to being unfit. During exercise it is necessary to breath through our mouths, enabling us to acquire the large amounts of air needed to sustain the increased level of energy. In susceptible airways when we breathe air that is unfiltered, dry and cold it causes bronchoconstriction (narrowing of the airways), producing the symptoms of asthma chest tightness, wheeze/cough and breathlessness. If you have any of these symptoms during or after playing sport or exercising/activities, you may be experiencing EIA: Shortness of breath a few minutes after starting to exercise/play sport Tight feeling in chest while playing a sport/ exercising/active Stopping exercise/sport/activity because you feel unwell Wheezing and/or coughing  If you think you may have any of the signs of EIA and have not been diagnosed with asthma, please contact your family doctor for advice. Being active is important for people with asthma as it helps in the management of the condition. Exercise helps to strengthen the muscles used for breathing, and over time may even help to improve your EIA symptoms. If you have chronic asthma it is important that you participate in sports/exercise to help in the management of asthma. If you already know you have EIA, or chronic asthma here is some advice to help prevent symptoms: Take two puffs of your blue reliever inhaler before warming up Do some warm-up exercise e.g. gentle exercises and stretching for 5-10 minutes.
exercise induced asthma
The treatment for Atopic termatits varies and depends on the severity of your case and your age. Tacrolimus and pimecrolimus ointments are powerful topical medicated creams that are used for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. They are not particularly effective in patients with severe disease and are best used on the faces of children.For mild to moderate dermatitis in older children (over 12 years old) and adults Phototherapy is sometime used. Its a treatment with light that uses ultraviolet A or B light waves or a combination of both. Photochemotherapy, a combination of ultraviolet light therapy and a drug called psoralen, can also be used in cases that are resistant to phototherapy alone. Oral antihistamines, such as Benadryl or Atarax, can be used to treat itch associated with atopic dermatitis. However, that they can cause sleepiness and may not help in all cases.For more severe falers of atopic dermatitis, Oral corticosteroids, such as prednisone, prednisolone, and medrol, may be used. They are used if the rash covers a large part of the body and face, but they are often prescribed for a short course (5 days) to calm the rash due to numerous side effects. For more mild cases, Shampoos and soaps containing coal tar can help but use should stop immediately if there is any increase in itching or redness of the rash. if you have a bacterial skin infection or an open sore or fissure caused by scratching,  You may need antibiotics.
exercise induced asthma
Many of the medications used to treat Atopic dermatitis have side effects that are important to know about. Oral antihistamines, such as Benadryl (diphenhydramine) or Atarax (hydroxyzine), are used to treat itch associated with atopic dermatitis can cause sleepiness and may not help in all cases of atopic dermatitis. Antihistamine creams should not be used on atopic dermatitis rashes because they contain chemicals that can actually worsen the rash. Possible side effects for Corticosteroids include:  Thinning of the skin, Skin infections Growth suppression in children (with long-term oral prednisone), Stretch marks on the skin,  Possible side effects for Nonsteroidal Topical Immunomodulators include:  Temporary mild warmth, burning, or itching  Side effects for Antihistamines include:  Drowsiness, Dry mouth, nose, or throat.    Corticosteroids can be absorbed through the skin and cause problems throughout the body. Side effects include headache, indigestion, increased appetite, restlessness, and increased risk of infection.Using topical corticosteroids on the face can result in enlarged blood vessels (telangiectasias), bruising, acne, and stretch marks (striae).     Coal tar, actually made by melting coal, that has long been a treatment for a variety of skin, can be very irritating to already inflamed skin.Long term Light therapy,Though effective, has many harmful effects, including premature skin aging and an increased risk of skin cancer. 
exercise induced asthma
Treatments for atopic dermatitis (eczema) aim to reduce inflammation, relieve itching and prevent future flare-ups. Over-the-counter (nonprescription) anti-itch creams and other self-care measures may help control mild atopic dermatitis. An example for nonprescription cream is low-potency corticosteroid creams, but you should always talk to your doctor before using any topical corticosteroid. Your doctor may recommend prescription corticosteroid creams or ointments to ease scaling and relieve itching. There are side effects of long-term or repeated use of these creams. You may need antibiotics if you have a bacterial skin infection or an open sore or fissure caused by scratching. Your doctor may recommend taking antibiotics for a short time to treat an infection or for longer periods of time to reduce bacteria on your skin and to prevent recurrent infections. If itching is severe, oral antihistamines may help, such as Benadryl (diphenhydramine) or Atarax (hydroxyzine). For more severe cases, your doctor may prescribe oral corticosteroids, such as prednisone, or an intramuscular injection of corticosteroids to reduce inflammation and to control symptoms. These medications are effective, but can't be used long term because of potential serious side effects. A class of medications called immunomodulators, such as tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel), affect the immune system and may help maintain normal skin texture and reduce flares of atopic dermatitis. This prescription-only medications is approved for children older than 2 and for adults. They are not particularly effective in patients with severe disease, with possible concerns about their effect on the immune system and are best used on the faces of children. There is also the possibility to get allergy shots, but usually they aren't successful in treating atopic dermatitis.
exercise induced asthma
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin. It is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another. The word dermatitis means inflammation of the skin. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, and finally, crusting and scaling. In most cases, there are periods of time when the disease is worse (called exacerbations or flares) followed by periods when the skin improves or clears up entirely (called remissions). As some children with atopic dermatitis grow older, their skin disease improves or disappears altogether, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood. Atopic dermatitis is often referred to as eczema, which is a general term for the several types of inflammation of the skin. Atopic dermatitis is the most common of the many types of eczema.
exercise induced asthma
There are some side effects of different medications. Topical corticosteroids include the following: A burning sensation, itching, irritation, dryness, or redness may develop in the area where the medicine is applied. Using topical corticosteroids on the face can result in enlarged blood vessels (telangiectasias), bruising, acne, and stretch marks (striae). With long-term use, high-strength topical corticosteroids cause temporary thinning of the skin, making it more easily irritated. But when used carefully and mostly in low-strength doses, topical corticosteroids can be used for up to 10 years without severe side effects. Corticosteroids can be absorbed through the skin and cause problems throughout the body. Side effects include headache, indigestion, increased appetite, restlessness, increased risk of infection, thinning of the skin, skin infections, growth suppression in children (with long-term oral prednisone), stretch marks on the skin, thinning of the bones, and suppression of the immune system. If your skin rash gets worse or if you have blurred vision, increased urination, excessive thirst, or mood changes, see your doctor. Side effects are associated with long-term use of corticosteroids. You and your doctor must watch for side effects and weigh them against the potential benefit of corticosteroid treatment. Though they may clear atopic dermatitis well, the side effects are too risky to warrant using them as a first-line treatment. Possible side effects for nonsteroidal topical immunomodulators include: temporary mild warmth, burning or itching. Side effects for antihistamines include: drowsiness (do not drive a car or operate heavy machinery until you know how these drugs affect you), dry mouth, nose or throat.  Antihistamine creams should not be used on atopic dermatitis rashes because they contain chemicals that can actually worsen the rash.
exercise induced asthma
 Atopic dermatitis is the most common of the many types of eczema. Its a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin. Its a distinct condition in persons who are genetically predisposed to developing immunoglobulin (Ig) E-mediated hypersensitivity reactions. Atopic dernatitis is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another. The word dermatitis means inflammation of the skin. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, and finally, crusting and scaling. In most cases, there are periods of time when the disease is worse (called exacerbations or flares) followed by periods when the skin improves or clears up entirely (called remissions).  Although atopic dermatitis can occur in any age, most often it affects infants and young children. In some the skin disease improves or disappears altogether with age, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood.  The cause of atopic dermatitis is not known, but the disease seems to result from a combination of genetic (hereditary) and environmental factors. There seems to be a basic hypersensitivity and an increased tendency toward itching. While emotional factors and stress may in some cases exacerbate or initiate the condition, they do not seem to be a primary or underlying cause for the disorder. 
exercise induced asthma
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin and a large percentage of the world's population. It is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another, unless they have active skin infections. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. Atopic dermatitis is often referred to as eczema, which is a general term for the several types of inflammation of the skin. Atopic dermatitis is the most common of the many types of eczema. In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. The cause of atopic dermatitis is not known, but the disease seems to result from a combination of genetic (hereditary) and environmental factors. A wide range of environmental factors, such as contact allergens, stress, food, skin flora and humidity, play roles in the development and severity of atopic dermatitis. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, and finally, crusting and scaling. In most cases, there are periods of time when the disease is worse (called exacerbations or flares) followed by periods when the skin improves or clears up entirely (called remissions). Although atopic dermatitis can occur in any age, most often it affects infants and young children. As some children with atopic dermatitis grow older, their skin disease improves or disappears altogether, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood. Self-care measures, such as avoiding soaps or other irritants and applying creams or ointments, can help relieve itching. Tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel) ointments are powerful and expensive topical medicated creams (drugs that are applied to the skin) that are used for the treatment of atopic dermatitis.
exercise induced asthma
Corticosteroid creams or ointments. Your doctor may recommend prescription corticosteroid creams or ointments to ease scaling and relieve itching. Some low-potency corticosteroid creams are available without a prescription, but you should always talk to your doctor before using any topical corticosteroid. Side effects of long-term or repeated use can include skin irritation or discoloration, thinning of the skin, infections, and stretch marks on the skin. Antibiotics. You may need antibiotics if you have a bacterial skin infection or an open sore or fissure caused by scratching. Your doctor may recommend taking antibiotics for a short time to treat an infection or for longer periods of time to reduce bacteria on your skin and to prevent recurrent infections. Antibiotics. You may need antibiotics if you have a bacterial skin infection or an open sore or fissure caused by scratching. Your doctor may recommend taking antibiotics for a short time to treat an infection or for longer periods of time to reduce bacteria on your skin and to prevent recurrent infections. Oral antihistamines. If itching is severe, oral antihistamines may help. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl, others) can make you sleepy and may be helpful at bedtime. If your skin cracks open, your doctor may prescribe mildly astringent wet dressings to prevent infection. in severe cases your doctor may prescribe oral or injection Corticosteroid such as prednisone, or an intramuscular injection of corticosteroids to reduce inflammation and to control symptoms. those treatments have severe side effects. A class of medications called immunomodulators, such as tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel), affect the immune system and may help maintain normal skin texture.
exercise induced asthma
Oral antihistamines, such as Benadryl (diphenhydramine) or Atarax (hydroxyzine), can be used to treat itch associated with atopic dermatitis. It\'s important to note, however, that they can cause sleepiness and may not help in all cases of atopic dermatitis. Antihistamine creams should not be used on atopic dermatitis rashes because they contain chemicals that can actually worsen the rash. Oral corticosteroids, such as prednisone, prednisolone, and medrol, may be used for more severe flares of atopic dermatitis. They are used if the rash covers a large part of the body and face. Oral steroids used long term have numerous side effects, including weight gain, thinning of the bones, and suppression of the immune system. Though they may clear atopic dermatitis well, the side effects are too risky to warrant using them as a first-line treatment. To avoid these side effects, but still benefit from the medication, oral steroids are often prescribed for a short course (5 days) to calm the rash. Topical steroids can then be used on the remaining rash. Coal tar, actually made by melting coal, has long been a treatment for a variety of skin conditions. Shampoos and soaps containing coal tar can help with mild cases of atopic dermatitis. Coal tar tends to work better on thickened skin that is not scaly, or to ease very early symptoms of itching. However, coal tar can be very irritating to already inflamed skin. It is OK to try coal tar for mild cases of atopic dermatitis, but use should stop immediately if there is any increase in itching or redness of the rash. 
exercise induced asthma
Breathing exercises Breathing techniques for asthma have been around for years, but many health providers remain skeptical about them. They don\'t seem to improve the underlying allergic reaction that causes asthma symptoms. Nonetheless, in a number of studies, people who did breathing exercises reported improved symptoms. Breathing methods vary, but generally involve learning to:  Take breaths less often Take slower breaths Breathe through your nose rather than your mouth Use your abdominal muscles to take deep \"belly breaths\" (diaphragmatic breathing) A few breathing techniques used for asthma include the Buteyko breathing technique and yoga breathing (pranayama). Inspiratory muscle training This technique helps strengthen lung muscles with a series of breathing exercises. It\'s sometimes used for other lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and after certain types of surgery. These exercises definitely strengthen the muscles of your lungs, but there\'s not enough proof to say whether they help with asthma. Massage and chiropractic treatment Although some claim that these treatments help, there\'s no evidence that physical manipulation of the spine or muscles reduces asthma symptoms. Relaxation therapy Relaxation therapy techniques include meditation, biofeedback, hypnosis and progressive muscle relaxation. It\'s unclear whether any of these techniques directly help with asthma, but they do seem to reduce stress and promote a sense of well-being.
exercise induced asthma
If you exercise in cold temperatures, wear a face mask to warm the air you breathe. To help prevent symptoms: Take two puffs of your blue reliever inhaler before warming up Do some warm-up exercise e.g. gentle exercises and stretching for 5-10 minutes. This will help to increase your heart and breathing rates gradually lessening the effects of the cold air Now you are ready to start  If you experience symptoms during playing sport/exercising: STOP and take some slow, deep breaths Take four puffs of blue inhaler (one at a time), using a spacer if accessible Return to activity if you are free of symptoms  If your symptoms continue or return after your recommence, repeat inhaler instructions and see a doctor as soon as possible.  At times, programs for students who have asthma may need to be temporarily modified, such as by varying the type, intensity, duration, and/or frequency of activity. At all times, students who have asthma should be included in activities as much as possible. The good news is that today\'s treatments can successfully control asthma so that most students can participate fully in regular school and childcare activities, including play, sports, and other physical activities.
exercise induced asthma
Exercise induced asthma is a relatively common problem that can go undiagnosed, as some attribute their symptoms to being unfit. It is considered as a non-allergic asthma, where the immune system is not involved in the reaction. Like allergic asthma, it is characterized by airway obstruction and inflammation that is at least partially reversible with medication.

In addition to chronic asthma another condition is Exercise Induced Asthma or (EIA) when physical activities is the only trigger causing narrowing of the airways, and producing the symptoms of asthma such as  cough, breathlessness, chest tightness, or wheezing.

During exercise it is necessary to breath through the mouth and the nose, enabling to acquire the large amounts of air needed to sustain the increased level of energy.

If susceptible airways is unfiltered, dry and cold it causes bronchoconstriction (narrowing of the airways), producing the symptoms of asthma chest tightness, wheeze/cough and breathlessness.

Sympthoms include shortness of breath a few minutes after starting to a strenuous physical activity or a tight feeling in chest which forces one to stop, wheezing and/or coughing.

Exercise provokes symptoms in most children with poorly controlled asthma, the student who has asthma symptoms with physical activity may need to be evaluated by his or her health care provider.

Even for a student who has exercise-induced asthma, the frequent use of quick-relief medication during or after exercise may signal the need to return to his or her health care provider to add a daily long-term control medication or to increase the dosage.
exercise induced asthma
Exercise Induced Asthma Exercise induced asthma is a relatively common problem that can go undiagnosed, as some attribute their symptoms to being unfit. To help you understand the condition and know how to manage it here are a few pointers. The symptoms with which chronic asthma presents are cough, breathlessness, chest tightness, or wheezing and are caused by the airways in the lungs narrowing. Many triggers cause chronic asthma e.g. colds, dust mites and exercise. In addition to chronic asthma another condition is Exercise Induced Asthma or (EIA) when physical activities is the only trigger causing narrowing of the airways, and producing the symptoms of asthma. What happens? When breathing normally air enters our lungs through the nose, where it is warmed, moistened, and filtered. During exercise it is necessary to breath through our mouths, enabling us to acquire the large amounts of air needed to sustain the increased level of energy. In susceptible airways when we breathe air that is unfiltered, dry and cold it causes bronchoconstriction (narrowing of the airways), producing the symptoms of asthma chest tightness, wheeze/cough and breathlessness. How will I know if I have EIA...? If you have any of these symptoms during or after playing sport or exercising/activities, you may be experiencing EIA: Shortness of breath a few minutes after starting to exercise/play sport Tight feeling in chest while playing a sport/ exercising/active Stopping exercise/sport/activity because you feel unwell Wheezing and/or coughing  If you think you may have any of the signs of EIA and have not been diagnosed with asthma, please contact your family doctor for advice.
exercise induced asthma
In addition to chronic asthma another condition is Exercise Induced Asthma or (EIA) when physical activities is the only trigger causing narrowing of the airways, and producing the symptoms of asthma. This condition is Non-Allergic (intrinsic) asthma that triggered by factors not related to allergies, in this case: exercise. Exercise induced asthma is a relatively common problem that can go undiagnosed, as some attribute their symptoms to being unfit. Exercise-induced asthma, may be worse when the air is cold so there is a need to use a quick-relief inhaler more often for some people. If you have any of these symptoms during or after playing sport or exercising/activities, you may be experiencing EIA: shortness of breath a few minutes after starting to exercise/play sport, tight feeling in chest while playing a sport/exercising/active, stopping exercise/sport/activity because you feel unwell Wheezing and/or coughing. If you think you may have any of the signs of EIA and have not been diagnosed with asthma, please contact your family doctor for advice. Being active is important for people with asthma as it helps in the management of the condition. Exercise helps to strengthen the muscles used for breathing, and over time may even help to improve your EIA symptoms.  Physical activity is an important part of a healthy lifestyle. Talk with your doctor about medicines that can help you stay active.
exercise induced asthma
Being active is important for people with asthma as it helps in the management of the condition.
Exercise helps to strengthen the muscles used for breathing, and over time may even help to improve your EIA symptoms.
It is important to participate in sports/exercise when there is chronic asthma, in order to help in the management of asthma.
Some advice to help prevent symptoms while exercising: two puffs of the blue reliever inhaler before warming up, some warm-up exercise e.g. gentle exercises and stretching for 5-10 minutes. This will help to increase the heart and breathing rates gradually lessening the effects of the cold air and only after that to start. If one experiences symptoms during playing sport/exercising, one should stop and take some slow, deep breaths, take four puffs of blue inhaler (one at a time), using a spacer if accessible, then return to activity if you are free of symptoms If your symptoms continue or return after your recommence, repeat inhaler instructions and see a doctor as soon as possible.

Inspiratory muscle training helps strengthen lung muscles with a series of breathing exercises.
It is s sometimes used for other lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and after certain types of surgery. Though, there's not enough proof to say whether they help with asthma.

	
exercise induced asthma
 Prevention and long-term control are key in stopping asthma attacks before they start. Treatment usually involves learning to recognize your triggers and taking steps to avoid them, and tracking your breathing to make sure your daily asthma medications are keeping symptoms under control. In case of an asthma flare-up, you may need to use a quick-relief inhaler, such as albuterol.  The right medications for you depend on a number of things, including your age, symptoms, your asthma triggers and what seems to work best to keep your asthma under control. Preventive, long-term control medications reduce the inflammation in your airways that leads to symptoms.They are taken daily and are the cornerstone of asthma treatment. Quick-relief inhalers (bronchodilators) quickly open swollen airways that are limiting breathing. In some cases, allergy medications are necessary. Long term medications keep asthma under control on a day-to-day basis and make it less likely to have an asthma attack. Types of long-term control medications include:  Inhaled corticosteroids. You may need to use these medications for several days to weeks before they reach their maximum benefit. Quick-relief medications are used as needed for rapid, short-term symptom relief during an asthma attack  or before exercise if your doctor recommends it. Types of quick-relief medications include:  Short-acting beta agonists. These inhaled, quick-relief bronchodilators act within minutes to rapidly ease symptoms during an asthma attack. But if your long-term control medications are working properly, you shouldn't need to use your quick-relief inhaler very often.
exercise induced asthma
 Corticosteroids are medicines that help prevent asthma symptoms occurring by reducing the inflammation in the airways. Cortisone, is part of a family of substances known as steroids which are produced by the body to help it function normally. Corticosteroids were developed from cortisone and are agents that decrease inflammation. The medication is used in several forms, to treat many different conditions. It reduces itching, swelling, redness, and allergic reactions, used in treating skin problems, severe allergies, asthma and arthritis. Inhaled corticosteroids are a maintenance medicine that helps to prevent severe asthma symptoms. They are prescribed for patients of all ages to treat different levels of persistent asthma. They work by dampening down the inflammation in the airways, and are the most effective agents for treating asthma. As a result, asthma symptoms and sudden acute attacks occur less often. To be effective, they need to be taken once or twice every day as prescribed by your doctor. They are of no benefit when used for symptoms, unlike bronchodilators, or when taken on an odd occasion. Common Corticosteroids: Beclozone (Beclomethasone), Flixotide (Fluticasone), Pulmicort (Budesonide). Some preventers may take 3 to 4 weeks to become effective others only take a few days, so it may take some time before you notice a difference in your your asthma. Some people on inhaled corticosteroids may have local side effects such as sore throat, husky voice, thrush (an infection) in the mouth. These side effects can be avoided by using a spacer.
exercise induced asthma
 A variety of asthma inhalers are available to help control asthma symptoms in adults and children. QUICK-RELIEF MEDICATIONS (also known as short-acting bronchodilators) are taken when needed for rapid, short-term relief of asthma symptoms. LONG-TERM CONTROL MEDICATIONS are usually taken daily to control underlying airway inflammation and thereby prevent asthma symptoms.Types of asthma inhalers include:  Metered dose inhalers. Dry powder inhaler. Metered dose inhaler with a spacer.  Take the medication exactly as prescribed. Don't stop taking the medication or adjust the dosage on your own. Types of quick-relief medications include:  Short-acting beta agonists. They include albuterol (ProAir HFA, Ventolin HFA, others), levalbuterol (Xopenex HFA) and pirbuterol (Maxair). Ipratropium (Atrovent). Ipratropium (Atrovent). Like other bronchodilators, ipratropium acts quickly to immediately relax your airways, making it easier to breathe. Oral and intravenous corticosteroids. Allergy medications may help if your asthma is triggered or worsened by allergies. Inhaled corticosteroids These anti-inflammatory drugs are the most effective and commonly used long-term control medications for asthma.
exercise induced asthma
Asthma is a chronic (longterm) lung disease that inflames and narrows the airways. it is can not be cured but its sympthoms can be controlled.  It is treated with two types of medicines:   long term control and quick relief medicines. Long term control medicines help reduce airway inflammation and prevent asthma symptoms. such medicine are doctor prescribes and should be taken daily. Quick relief, or rescue, medicines relieve asthma symptoms when they flare up. an inhaler is a common quick relief medicine. it is important to practice using your inhaler at the doctors office in order to learn the correct usage. Your initial asthma treatment will depend on how severe your disease is. The goal of asthma treatment is to control the disease and prevent asthma attacks. Good asthma control will: 	 Prevent chronic and troublesome symptoms, such as coughing and shortness of breath  	 Reduce your need for quick relief medicines  	 Help you maintain good lung function  	 Let you maintain your normal activity levels and sleep through the night 	 Prevent asthma attacks that could result in  your going to the emergency room or being admitted to the hospital for treatment  To reach this goal, you should actively partner with your doctor to manage the disease and create and follow an asthma action plan. With todays knowledge and treatments, most people who have asthma are able to manage the disease. They have few, if any, symptoms and can live normal, active lives.
exercise induced asthma
 Corticosteroids are medicines that help prevent asthma symptoms occurring by reducing the inflammation in the airways. Cortisone, is part of a family of substances known as steroids which are produced by the body to help it function normally. It reduces itching, swelling, redness, and allergic reactions, used in treating skin problems, severe allergies, asthma and arthritis. Inhaled corticosteroids are prescribed for patients of all ages to treat different levels of persistent asthma. To be effective, they need to be taken once or twice every day as prescribed by your doctor. Inhaled steroids are not addictive. The dose is carefully worked out according to you/your childs weight. Its best to give each dose of steroid with food in the morning, usually at breakfast time. Steroids given by mouth During severe acute asthma episodes you/your child may need a higher dose of corticosteroids to be taken by mouth. A larger dose of steroid taken this way allows the medicine to work faster. These anti-inflammatory drugs are the most effective and commonly used long-term control medications for asthma. Corticosteroids don't generally cause serious side effects. After you use it, rinse your mouth with water, gargle, and spit out. Corticosteroid creams or ointments. Your doctor may recommend prescription corticosteroid creams or ointments to ease scaling and relieve itching. Some people on inhaled corticosteroids may have local side effects such as: sore throat, husky voice, thrush (an infection) in the mouth. Inhaled steroids are not addictive.
exercise induced asthma
 Asthma is a longterm lung disease that cant be cured.It causes inflammation and narrowing of the airways, making them swollen and  very sensitive. That can result in asthma symptoms. Symptoms may include wheezing , chest tightness, shortness of breath, and coughing. When symptoms get more intense and/or additional symptoms occur, this is an asthma attack. Its important to treat symptoms when you first notice them. This will help prevent the symptoms from worsening and causing a severe asthma attack that may require emergency care, and can cause death.  Asthma is treated with two types of medicines:   longterm control and quickrelief medicines. Longterm control medicines help reduce airway inflammation and prevent asthma symptoms. Quickrelief, or rescue, medicines relieve asthma symptoms when they flare up. Your initial asthma treatment will depend on how severe your disease is. Followup asthma treatment will depend on how well your asthma action plan is working to control your symptoms and prevent asthma attacks. The goal of asthma treatment is to control the disease and prevent asthma attacks. Good asthma control will Prevent chronic and troublesome symptoms, such as shortness of breath, Reduce your need for quickrelief medicines, Let you maintain your normal activity levels and sleep through the night and will Prevent severe asthma attacks. To reach this goal, you should actively partner with your doctor to manage the disease and create and follow an asthma action plan. With todays knowledge and treatments, most people who have asthma are able to manage the disease.
exercise induced asthma
 The goal of asthma treatment is to control the disease and prevent asthma attacks. It is treated with two types of medicines: longterm control and quickrelief medicines. Longterm control medicines help reduce airway inflammation and prevent asthma symptoms. Quickrelief, or rescue, medicines relieve asthma symptoms when they flare up. An asthma action plan gives guidance on taking your medicines properly, avoiding factors that worsen your asthma, tracking your level of asthma control, responding to worsening asthma, and seeking emergency care when  needed. Good asthma control will: Prevent chronic and troublesome symptoms, such as coughing and shortness of breath Reduce your need for quickrelief medicines Help you maintain good lung function Let you maintain your normal activity levels and sleep through the night Prevent asthma attacks that could result in  your going to the emergency room or being admitted to the hospital for treatment  To reach this goal, you should actively partner with your doctor to manage the disease and create and follow an asthma action plan. Your initial asthma treatment will depend on how severe your disease is. Asthma can\'t be cured, but its symptoms can be controlled. Because asthma often changes over time, it\'s important that you work with your doctor to track your signs and symptoms and adjust treatment as needed.
exercise induced asthma
Most asthma medications are inhaled as sprays or powders and may be taken using metered-dose inhalers, dry powder inhalers, or nebulizers. A metered-dose inhaler is a pressurized canister that delivers a dose of medication and does not require deep and fast breathing (see Appendix 3 for instructions). A dry powder inhaler is another kind of inhaler that does require deep and fast breathing to get the medication into the lungs (see Appendix 4 for instructions). A nebulizer is a machine that turns liquid medication into a fine mist. Whichever delivery method is used, it is important for patient to take their medications correctly. LONG-TERM CONTROL MEDICATIONS are usually taken daily to control underlying airway inflammation and thereby prevent asthma symptoms. They can significantly reduce a patient need for quick-relief medication. Inhaled corticosteroids are the most effective long-term control medications for asthma. It is important to remember that inhaled corticosteroids are generally safe for long-term use when taken as prescribed. They are not addictive and are not the same as illegal anabolic steroids used by some athletes to build muscles. QUICK-RELIEF MEDICATIONS are taken when needed for rapid, short-term relief of asthma symptoms. They help stop asthma attacks by temporarily relaxing the muscles around the airways. However, they do nothing to treat the underlying airway inflammation that caused the symptoms to flare up. An additional use for quick-relief medications is the prevention of asthma symptoms in patients who have exercise-induced asthma. These patients may be directed  to take their quick-relief medication inhaler 5 minutes before physical activities.
exercise induced asthma
Corticosteroids were developed from cortisone and are agents that decrease inflammation. The medication is used in several forms, to treat many different conditions. It reduces itching, swelling, redness, and allergic reactions, used in treating skin problems, severe allergies, asthma and arthritis. Although corticosteroids are part of the steroid family they are not the same as the anabolic steroids some athletes and body-builders use to enhance their muscles and gain strength. Anabolic steroids can have serious side effects. Inhaled corticosteroids are prescribed for patients of all ages to treat different levels of persistent asthma. They work by dampening down the inflammation in the airways, and are the most effective agents for treating asthma. As a result, asthma symptoms and sudden acute attacks occur less often. To be effective, they need to be taken once or twice every day as prescribed by your doctor. They are of no benefit when used for symptoms, unlike bronchodilators or when taken on an odd occasion. Inhaled corticosteroids are a maintenance medicine that helps to prevent severe asthma symptoms. Common Corticosteroids:      Beclozone (Beclomethasone)\     Flixotide (Fluticasone)     Pulmicort (Budesonide)   Some preventers may take 3 to 4 weeks to become effective others only take a few days, so it may take some time before you notice a difference in your childs or your asthma. You may also notice that the blue inhaler is not needed as often.
exercise induced asthma
Treating atopic dermatitis in infants and children Give brief, lukewarm baths. Apply an emollient immediately following the bath. Keep a child\'s fingernails filed short. Select soft cotton fabrics when choosing clothing. Consider using antihistamines to reduce scratching at night. Keep the child cool; avoid situations where overheating occurs. Learn to recognize skin infections and seek treatment promptly. Attempt to distract the child with activities to keep him or her from scratching. 
Tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel) ointments are powerful and expensive topical medicated creams (drugs that are applied to the skin) that are used for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. They are not particularly effective in patients with severe disease and are best used on the faces of children. Phototherapy is treatment with light that uses ultraviolet A or B light waves or a combination of both. This treatment can be an effective treatment for mild to moderate dermatitis in older children (over 12 years old) and adults. Photochemotherapy, a combination of ultraviolet light therapy and a drug called psoralen, can also be used in cases that are resistant to phototherapy alone. Possible long-term side effects of this treatment include premature skin aging and skin cancer. If the doctor thinks that phototherapy may be useful in treating the symptoms of atopic dermatitis, he or she will use the minimum exposure necessary and monitor the skin carefully.
exercise induced asthma
 Although atopic dermatitis can occur in any age, most often it affects infants and young children. Most children with atopic dermatitis enter into a permanent remission of the disease when they get older, although their skin may remain somewhat dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood. Treating atopic dermatitis in infants and children includes      Giving brief, lukewarm baths and Applying an emollient immediately following the bath, Keeping the child's fingernails filed short, Selecting soft cotton fabrics when choosing clothing. using antihistamines to reduce scratching at night should be considered. The parent should keep the child cool and avoid situations where overheating occurs. He should learn to recognize skin infections and seek treatment promptly. When a child has atopic dermatitis, the entire family situation may be affected. It is important that families have additional support to help them cope with the stress and frustration associated with the disease. The child may be fussy and difficult and often is unable to keep from scratching and rubbing the skin. Distracting the child and providing as many activities that keep the hands busy are key but require effort and work on the part of the parents or caregivers. The child may face difficulty in school or other social relationships and may need additional support and encouragement from family members.
exercise induced asthma
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin. It is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another through skin contact. There is generally no cause for concern in being around someone with even an active case of atopic dermatitis, unless they have active skin infections. The word dermatitis means inflammation of the skin. The term atopic is from the Greek meaning strange. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, and finally, crusting and scaling. In most cases, there are periods of time when the disease is worse (called exacerbations or flares) followed by periods when the skin improves or clears up entirely (called remissions). Atopic dermatitis is often referred to as eczema, which is a general term for the several types of inflammation of the skin. Atopic dermatitis is the most common of the many types of eczema. Although atopic dermatitis can occur in any age, most often it affects infants and young children. Occasionally, it may persist into adulthood or may actually appear at that time. Some patients tend to have a protracted course with various ups and downs. The cause of atopic dermatitis is unknown, but it may result from a combination of inherited tendencies for sensitive skin and malfunction in the body's immune system.
exercise induced asthma
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin. It is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another. The word dermatitis means inflammation of the skin. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, and finally, crusting and scaling. In most cases, there are periods of time when the disease is worse (called exacerbations or flares) followed by periods when the skin improves or clears up entirely (called remissions). As some children with atopic dermatitis grow older, their skin disease improves or disappears altogether, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood. Atopic dermatitis is often referred to as eczema, which is a general term for the several types of inflammation of the skin. Atopic dermatitis is the most common of the many types of eczema.
exercise induced asthma
 Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin. It is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another. The word dermatitis means inflammation of the skin. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. Atopic dermatitis affects a large percentage of the world's population.It is a special type of allergic hypersensitivity that includes a triad of conditions that includes asthma, inhalant allergies (hay fever), and a chronic dermatitis (eczema). In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, and finally, crusting and scaling. In most cases, there are periods of time when the disease is worse (called exacerbations or flares) followed by periods when the skin improves or clears up entirely (called remissions). As some children with atopic dermatitis grow older, their skin disease improves or disappears altogether, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood. Atopic dermatitis is the most common of the many types of eczema. There is a known hereditary component of the disease, and it is more common in affected families. Criteria that enable to diagnose it include the typical appearance and distribution of the rash in a patient with a personal or family history of asthma and/or hay fever.
exercise induced asthma
Atopic dermatitis most often begins in childhood before age 5 and may persist into adulthood. Most children with atopic dermatitis enter into a permanent remission of the disease when they get older, although their skin may remain somewhat dry and easily irritated.  For some, it flares periodically and then subsides for a time, even up to several years. Itching may be severe, and scratching the rash can make it even itchier and cause more inflammation. Once the skin barrier is broken, the skin can become infected by bacteria, especially Staphylococcus aureus, which commonly live on the skin. Breaking this itch-scratch cycle can be challenging. When atopic dermatitis occurs in infants, it's called infantile eczema. This condition may continue into childhood and adolescence. Infantile eczema often involves an oozing, crusting rash, mainly on the skin of the face and scalp, but it can occur anywhere. After infancy, the rash becomes dryer and tends to be red to brown-gray in color. In adolescence, the skin may be scaly or thickened and easily irritated. The intense itching may continue. As some children with atopic dermatitis grow older, their skin disease improves or disappears altogether, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood. A class of medications called immunomodulators, such as tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel), affect the immune system and may help maintain normal skin texture and reduce flares of atopic dermatitis. This prescription-only medication is approved for children older than 2 and for adults.
asthma treatment
 Over-the-counter (nonprescription) anti-itch creams and other self-care measures may help control mild atopic dermatitis. Your doctor may recommend prescription corticosteroid creams or ointments to ease scaling and relieve itching. Some low-potency corticosteroid creams are available without a prescription, but you should always talk to your doctor before using any topical corticosteroid. If itching is severe, oral antihistamines may help. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl, others) can make you sleepy and may be helpful at bedtime. For more severe cases, your doctor may prescribe oral corticosteroids, such as prednisone, or an intramuscular injection of corticosteroids to reduce inflammation and to control symptoms. These medications are effective, but can\'t be used long term because of potential serious side effects. A class of medications called immunomodulators, such as tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel), affect the immune system and may help maintain normal skin texture and reduce flares of atopic dermatitis. This prescription-only medication is approved for children older than 2 and for adults. Due to possible concerns about the effect of these medications on the immune system when used for prolonged periods, the Food and Drug Administration recommends that Elidel and Protopic be used only when other treatments have failed or if someone can\'t tolerate other treatments. Many alternative therapies  including chamomile, evening-primrose oil, witch hazel extract and borage seed oil  have been touted as possible ways to treat atopic dermatitis (eczema). However, there\'s no conclusive evidence that any of these alternative therapies are effective.
asthma treatment
  Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin. It is a common condition affecting approximately 17% of the population.  It is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. As some children with atopic dermatitis grow older, their skin disease improves or disappears altogether, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated.

 Treatments for atopic dermatitis (eczema) aim to reduce inflammation, relieve itching and prevent future flare-ups. Nonprescription anti-itch creams and other self-care measures may help control mild atopic dermatitis.  Self-care measures, such as avoiding soaps or other irritants and applying creams or ointments, can help relieve itching. Corticosteroid creams or ointments can ease scaling and relieve itching. Some low-potency corticosteroid creams are available without a prescription, but you should always talk to your doctor before using any topical corticosteroid. Antibiotics help a bacterial skin infection or an open sore or fissure caused by scratching. Taking antibiotics for a short time to treat an infection or for longer periods of time to reduce bacteria on your skin and to prevent recurrent infections. If itching is severe, oral antihistamines may help. 

Although atopic dermatitis is related to allergies, eliminating allergens is rarely helpful in clearing the condition. Allergy shots usually aren\'t successful in treating atopic dermatitis.
asthma treatment
 The exact cause of atopic dermatitis (eczema) is unknown, but it\'s likely due to a combination of dry, irritable skin with a malfunction in the body\'s immune system. Stress and other emotional disorders can worsen atopic dermatitis, but they don\'t cause it. Corticosteroid creams or ointments. Your doctor may recommend prescription corticosteroid creams or ointments to ease scaling and relieve itching. Some low-potency corticosteroid creams are available without a prescription, but you should always talk to your doctor before using any topical corticosteroid. Over-the-counter (nonprescription) anti-itch creams and other self-care measures may help control mild atopic dermatitis. Although atopic dermatitis is related to allergies, eliminating allergens is rarely helpful in clearing the condition. Occasionally, items that trap dust  such as feather pillows, down comforters, mattresses, carpeting and drapes  can worsen the condition. Allergy shots usually aren\'t successful in treating atopic dermatitis. Light therapy (phototherapy) As the name suggests, this treatment uses natural or artificial light. The simplest and easiest form of phototherapy involves exposing your skin to controlled amounts of natural sunlight. Other forms of light therapy include the use of artificial ultraviolet A (UVA) or ultraviolet B (UVB) light including the more recently available narrow band ultraviolet B (NBUVB) either alone or with medications. Though effective, long-term light therapy has many harmful effects, including premature skin aging and an increased risk of skin cancer.
asthma treatment
 The right medications for Asthma depend on a number of things, including age,  symptoms, asthma triggers and what seems to work best to keep the asthma under control. Preventive, long-term control medications reduce the inflammation in the airways that leads to symptoms. Quick-relief inhalers (bronchodilators) quickly open swollen airways that are limiting breathing. Types of long-term control medications include: Inhaled corticosteroids.  These medications include fluticasone, budesonide, mometasone, ciclesonide, flunisolide, beclomethasone and others.

Leukotriene modifiers are oral medications (including montelukast , zafirlukast and zileutonhelp relieve asthma symptoms for up to 24 hour. These medication may have more severe side effects.

Long-acting beta agonists are inhaled medications, which include salmeterol and formoterol, open the airways and reduce inflammation.

Some research shows that thesse may increase the risk of a severe asthma attack, so take them only in combination with an inhaled corticosteroid.

Combination inhalers are medications such as fluticasone-salmeterol, budesonide-formoterol and mometasone-formoterol which contain a long-acting beta agonist along with a corticosteroid.

Because these combination inhalers contain long-acting beta agonists, they may increase the risk of having a severe asthma attack.

 A variety of asthma inhalers are available to help control asthma symptoms in adults and children.

Theophylline is a daily pill that helps keep the airways open (bronchodilator) by relaxing the muscles around the airways. It's not used as often now as in past years.



 Most asthma medications can be safely used during pregnancy. 

Not all medications are  approved for use in children by the FDA, but the doctor may prescribe them based on judgment of what\'s likely to work best for the child.
asthma treatment
 Asthma is a chronic disease that affects the airways. This can cause wheezing, coughing, chest tightness and trouble breathing, especially early in the morning or at night. Asthma is treated with two kinds of medicines: quick-relief medicines to stop asthma symptoms and long-term control medicines to prevent symptoms. 

 Quick-relief medications are used as needed for rapid, short-term symptom relief during an asthma attack such as Short-acting beta agonists. When inhaled, quick-relief bronchodilators act within minutes to rapidly ease symptoms during an asthma attack. 

Many people with asthma need to take long-term control medications on a daily basis. Oral and intravenous corticosteroids such as prednisone and methylprednisolone relieve airway inflammation caused by severe asthma. They can cause serious side effects when used long term, so they're used only on a short-term basis to treat severe asthma symptoms. 

Regular use of inhaled corticosteroids helps keep asthma attacks and other problems linked to poorly controlled asthma in check.  In children, long-term use of inhaled corticosteroids may slightly delay growth, but the benefits of using these medications to maintain good asthma control generally outweigh their risks. Some inhaled asthma medication combinations contain both a corticosteroid and a bronchodilator.

 As with other LABA medications, these inhalers may increase your risk of having a severe asthma attack and should be used with caution.

Allergy medications may help if asthma is triggered or worsened by allergies. Over time, allergy shots gradually reduce the immune system reaction to specific allergens.


asthma treatment
 Quick-relief (rescue) medications are used as needed for rapid, short-term symptom relief during an asthma attack  or before exercise if your doctor recommends it. Types of quick-relief medications include:  Short-acting beta agonists. These inhaled, quick-relief bronchodilators act within minutes to rapidly ease symptoms during an asthma attack. Short-acting beta agonists can be taken using a portable, hand-held inhaler or a nebulizer  a machine that converts asthma medications to a fine mist, so they can be inhaled through a face mask or a mouthpiece. Like other bronchodilators, ipratropium acts quickly to immediately relax your airways, making it easier to breathe. Ipratropium is mostly used for emphysema and chronic bronchitis, but it\'s sometimes used to treat asthma attacks. Oral and intravenous corticosteroids. These medications  which include prednisone and methylprednisolone  relieve airway inflammation caused by severe asthma. They can cause serious side effects when used long term, so they\'re used only on a short-term basis to treat severe asthma symptoms. If you have an asthma flare-up, a quick-relief inhaler can ease your symptoms right away. But if your long-term control medications are working properly, you shouldn\'t need to use your quick-relief inhaler very often. Keep a record of how many puffs you use each week. If you need to use your quick-relief inhaler more often than your doctor recommends, see your doctor.
asthma treatment
Asthma is a chronic  lung disease that inflames and narrows the airways. In asthma, the inside walls of airways tubes become sore and swollen and the lungs do not get enough air. Cells in the airways may make more mucus than normal. This chain reaction can result in asthma symptoms. Symptoms may include wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath, and coughing. When symptoms get more intense and additional symptoms occur, this is an asthma attack. Severe attacks may require emergency care, and they can cause death.

Allergy-induced asthma is triggered by exposure to an allergen in the environment  such as pollen, dust mites and pet dander. In some people, skin or food allergies can cause asthma symptoms. An allergic response occurs when immune system chemicals (antibodies) mistakenly identify a harmless substance such as tree pollen as a dangerous invader. In an attempt to protect the body from the substance, antibodies attack the allergen. Some treatment can reduce both asthma and allergy symptoms, but most are designed to treat either one or the other. Allergy shots can help treat asthma by gradually reducing the  immune system response to certain allergy triggers. 

A hygiene hypothesis assumes that the Western lifestyle which emphasises hygiene and sanitation has resulted in changes in living conditions and an overall decline in infections in early childhood. This affects the way that young children's immune systems develop, and it may increase their risk for atopy and asthma. 

Asthma is treated with two kinds of medicines: quick-relief to stop asthma symptoms and long-term control to prevent symptoms. 
asthma treatment
Asthma is a chronic lung disease that inflames and narrows the airways. Asthma causes recurring periods of wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath, and coughing.

Allergies occur when the immune system reacts to a foreign substance such as pollen, bee venom or pet dander. Inflaming the: skin, sinuses, airways or digestive system.

Allergies and asthma often occur together. Indoor allergens and irritants play a significant role in triggering asthma attacks. Allergic asthma is characterized by symptoms that are triggered by an allergic reaction. Exposure to dust mites can cause asthma in children who have not previously exhibited asthma symptoms. Allergic asthma is airway obstruction and inflammation that is partially reversible with medication. It is the most common form of asthma, affecting over 50% of the 20 million asthma sufferers.Over 2.5 million children under age 18 suffer from it.

Atopic dermatitis is a common, often long-lasting skin disease that affects a large percentage of the world's population.  It is a special type of allergic hypersensitivity that includes a triad of conditions that includes asthma, inhalant allergies, and a chronic dermatitis.

Some treatment can reduce both asthma and allergy symptoms, but most are designed to treat either one or the other. Montelukast (Singulair) is a medication that eases both allergy and asthma symptoms. Allergy shots can help treat asthma by gradually reducing the immune system response to certain allergy triggers. Recognizing and avoiding the allergic substances that trigger the symptoms is the most important step. 

   
asthma treatment
Allergies and asthma often occur together. The same substances that trigger your hay fever symptoms may also cause asthma signs and symptoms such as shortness of breath, wheezing and chest tightness. This is called allergic asthma or allergy-induced asthma. Substances such as pollen, dust mites and pet dander are common triggers. 



In some people, skin or food allergies can cause asthma symptoms. 

Dogs, cats, rodents (including hamsters and guinea pigs) and other warm-blooded mammals can trigger asthma in individuals with an allergy to animal dander. Some people develop asthma because of contact with certain chemical irritants or industrial dusts in the workplace. This type of asthma is called occupational asthma. 



Some treatment can reduce both asthma and allergy symptoms, but most are designed to treat either one or the other. 

If your asthma symptoms are clearly related to allergens, and you can\'t avoid exposure to those allergens, your doctor may advise you to get allergy shots. Allergy shots can help treat asthma by gradually reducing your immune system response to certain allergy triggers. However, recognizing and avoiding the allergic substances that trigger your symptoms is the most important step you can take. 



Asthma is a long-term disease that has no cure. Symptoms of asthma or allergy also may improve on their own as an illness (like a cold or flu) runs its course. Hypnosis might give people with asthma or allergies more self-discipline to follow good health practices.  


asthma treatment
 Most, but not all, people who have asthma have allergies. Allergens Animal Dander Allergies occur when your immune system reacts to a foreign substance such as pollen, bee venom or pet dander.This is called allergic asthma or allergy-induced asthma. Allergies and asthma often occur together.  Common allergy triggers include:  Airborne allergens, such as pollen, animal dander, dust mites and mold Certain foods, particularly peanuts, tree nuts, wheat, soy, fish, shellfish, eggs and milk Insect stings, such as bee stings or wasp stings Medications, particularly penicillin or penicillin-based antibiotics Latex or other substances you touch, which can cause allergic skin reactions. Allergies and asthma often occur together. This is called allergic asthma or allergy-induced asthma. The same substances that trigger your hay fever symptoms may also cause asthma signs and symptoms such as shortness of breath, wheezing and chest tightness. In many cases, asthma is triggered by exposure to an allergen in the environment (allergy-induced asthma). If you have an allergy, you're more likely to have asthma  an immune system reaction that affects the airways and breathing.  In many cases, asthma is triggered by exposure to an allergen in the environment (allergy-induced asthma). A few treatments can help with both conditions.
asthma treatment
 Molds are microscopic fungi that live on plant and animal matter. Molds can be found almost anywhere when moisture is present. Mold spores float through the indoor and outdoor air continually. For people sensitive to molds, inhaling mold spores can trigger an asthma attack.  Mold is among the most hazardous household substances for people with allergies and asthma. They also can reach the lungs, to cause asthma or another serious illness called allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. If you have an allergy, you\'re more likely to have asthma  an immune system reaction that affects the airways and breathing. In many cases, asthma is triggered by exposure to an allergen in the environment (allergy-induced asthma). How To Control Things That Make Your Asthma Worse: Indoor Mold Fix leaky faucets, pipes, or other sources of water that have mold around them. Clean moldy surfaces with a cleaner that has bleach in it. Stay indoors with windows closed from late morning to afternoon, if you can. Clean damp areas in the bath, kitchen and around the house to keep mold spores from developing. Get rid of moldy leaves or damp firewood in the yard.
asthma treatment
  An allergy is triggered when the immune system mistakes a normally harmless substance for a dangerous invader. The immune system produces antibodies that are always on the alert for your particular allergen. When you\'re exposed to the allergen again in the future, these antibodies release a number of immune system chemicals, such as histamine, that cause allergy symptoms.Researchers think some genetic and environmental factors interact to cause asthma, most often early in life including:  hereditary (from parents), tendency (atopy), respiratory infections, exposure or contact to some airborne allergens or viral infections in early childhood,  exposure to irritants.

The same factors may affect people differently. 

Researchers explore Hygiene Hypothesis which claims that the hygienic lifestyle of the west reduce the exposure of children to infections and therefore the immune system is not practiced and tends to develop allergies. 



 Indoor allergies (perennial allergic rhinitis [PAR]/nasal allergies) occur when allergens that are commonly found indoors are inhaled into the nose and the lungs causing allergic reactions. Other common triggers include:  Airborne allergens (pollen, animal dander, dust mites and mold) Certain foods, particularly peanuts, tree nuts, wheat, soy, fish, shellfish, eggs and milk. Insect stings, such as bee stings or wasp stings, Certain proteins are found in cockroach feces and saliva and can cause allergic reactions or trigger asthma. Medications, particularly penicillin or penicillin-based antibiotics Latex or other substances you touch, which can cause allergic skin reactions. Smoke from wood-burning stoves and fireplaces contain a mixture of harmful gases and small particles.
asthma treatment
An allergy starts when the immune system mistakes a normally harmless substance for a dangerous invader and produces antibodies that are always on the alert for your particular allergen. When you're exposed to the allergen again in the future, these antibodies release a number of immune system chemicals, such as histamine, that cause allergy symptoms. Having an allergy increases the risk of certain medical problems, such as a runny nose, sneezing, itching, rashes, swelling, including Asthma (an immune system reaction that affects the airways and breathing). In many cases, allergies and asthma often occur together. So, If you have an allergy, you're more likely to have asthma. Asthma is triggered by exposure to an allergen in the environment (called allergy-induced asthma or allergic asthma). Allergic asthma is the most common form of asthma, affecting over 50% of the 20 million asthma sufferers. Substances such as pollen, dust mites, mold and pet dander are common triggers. In some people, skin or food allergies can cause asthma symptoms. The severity of allergies varies from person to person and can range from minor irritation to anaphylaxis a potentially life-threatening emergency. If you have asthma, you may react to just one trigger or you may find that several things act as triggers. With today's knowledge and treatments, most people who have asthma are able to manage the disease. However, recognizing and avoiding the allergic substances that trigger your symptoms is the most important step you can take.
asthma treatment
 Asthma is a chronic disease that affects your airways. Your airways are tubes that carry air in and out of your lungs. If you have asthma, the inside walls of your airways become sore and swollen. That makes them very sensitive, and they may react strongly to things that you are allergic to or find irritating. When your airways react, they get narrower and your lungs get less air. This can cause wheezing, coughing, chest tightness and trouble breathing, especially early in the morning or at night. When your asthma symptoms become worse than usual, it's called an asthma attack .The exact cause of asthma isn't known, Different factors may be more likely to cause asthma in some people  than in others.Researchers think some genetic and environmental factors interact to cause asthma, most often early in life. These factors include: An inherited tendency to develop allergies, called atopy (AT-o-pe), Parents who have asthma, Certain respiratory infections during childhood, Contact with some airborne allergens or exposure to some viral infections in infancy or in early childhood when the immune system is developing. If you have asthma, you may react to just one trigger or you may find that several things act as triggers. (Triggers are things that can cause asthma symptoms)  If you have asthma, you may react to just one trigger or you may find that several things act as triggers. Some common triggers are: Getting a cold or flu Pollen, dust and animals (especially cats) Cold weather, Smoking, Exercise.   
asthma treatment
What Is Mold Allergy? Mold and mildew are fungi. They differ from plants or animals in how they reproduce and grow. The "seeds" called spores, are spread by the wind outdoors and by air indoors. Some spores are released in dry, windy weather and others are released with the fog or dew when humidity is high. Inhaling the spores causes allergic reactions in some people. Although there are many types of molds, only a few dozen cause allergic reactions.

Mold spores can deposit on the lining of the nose and cause high fever symptoms.They also can reach the lungs, to cause asthma or another serious illness called allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. It is common for people to be at greater risk of developing mold allergy if they or other family members are allergic to substances such as pollen or animal dander or if their occupations includ more exposure to mold (for example: Farmers, dairymen, loggers, bakers, mill workers, carpenters, greenhouse employees, wine makers and furniture repairers). The symptoms of mold allergy are very similar to the symptoms of other allergies, such as sneezing, itching, nasal discharge, congestion and dry, scaling skin. In some people with allergy, irritation alone can cause a reaction. To diagnose an allergy to mold or fungi, the doctor will take a complete medical history, skin tests and use the physical examination all together. How Is Mold Allergy Treated? As with most allergies, patients should take some actions to avoid contact with the spores (for example: Wear a dust mask when cutting grass, digging around plants, picking up leaves, disturbing other plant materials and reduce the humidity indoors to 35%). 
asthma treatment
 Molds are microscopic fungi that live on plant and animal matter. When mold spores land on damp places indoors, they may begin growing.

 Mold can trigger asthma attacks and allergic reactions (such as hay fever or eczema), and cause health problems in people without those conditions. Mold grows in humid, damp environments, so the best way to prevent and control indoor mold is to keep your home as dry and ventilated as possible. Mold spores can deposit on the lining of the nose and cause hay fever symptoms. They also can reach the lungs, to cause asthma or another serious illness called allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis.



The symptoms of mold allergy are very similar to the symptoms of other allergies, such as sneezing, itching, nasal discharge, congestion and dry, scaling skin. Some people with mold allergies may have symptoms the entire summer because of outdoor molds or year-round if symptoms are due to indoor molds. 



For diagnosis doctors use patient's medical history, skin testing results, and physical examination.  



Prognosis: Allergies cannot be cured, symptoms of the allergy can be reduced by avoiding contact with the spores. Mold quantity in the air can measured help  the carrier decide if to stay in a place.



Treatment: avoid contact with the spores, wear a dust mask when exposure may occur, reduce the humidity indoors. Medications include antihistamines and decongestants, or prescribed non-sedating antihistamines if continuous consumption of antihistamines cause drowsiness. For moderate and severe allergy symptoms, your doctor may prescribe corticosteroid nasal sprays. 
asthma treatment
 Asthma is commonly divided into two types: allergic (extrinsic) asthma and non-allergic (intrinsic) asthma. Researchers think a combination of factors (family genes and certain environmental exposures) interact to cause asthma. Asthma triggers are different from person to person and can include:  Airborne allergens, such as pollen, animal dander, mold, cockroaches and dust mites Allergic reactions to some foods, such as peanuts or shellfish Respiratory infections, such as the common cold Physical activity (exercise-induced asthma) Cold air Air pollutants and irritants, such as smoke Certain medications, including beta blockers, aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin, others) and naproxen (Aleve) Strong emotions and stress Sulfites and preservatives added to some types of foods and beverages Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), a condition in which stomach acids back up into your throat Menstrual cycle in some women. If you have an allergy, you\'re more likely to have asthma  an immune system reaction that affects the airways and breathing.
asthma treatment
Allergic (extrinsic) asthma is characterized by symptoms that are triggered by an allergic reaction; it is an airway obstruction and inflammation that is partially reversible with medication.

Asthma, a chronic lung disease, inflames and narrows the airways that react and tighten strongly to certain substances that are breathed in. Cells in the airways make more mucus than normal. Symptoms may include wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath, and coughing, can be mild or can get worse and intense, and cause an asthma attack which require emergency care, and can even cause death. It is more common in childhood and tends to affect boys more than girls.

Allergies and asthma often occur together. Substances such as pollen, dust mites and pet dander are common triggers. In some people, skin or food allergies can cause asthma symptoms.

 An allergic response occurs when immune system chemicals (antibodies) mistakenly identify a harmless substance such as tree pollen as a dangerous invader. The chemicals released by your immune system lead to allergy signs and symptoms, such as nasal congestion, runny nose, itchy eyes or skin reactions. For some people, this same reaction also affects the lungs and airways, leading to asthma symptoms. Some treatment can reduce both asthma and allergy symptoms, but most are designed to treat either one or the other. However, recognizing and avoiding the allergic substances that trigger symptoms is the most important step to take.

Allergy medications include oral and nasal spray antihistamines and decongestants as well as corticosteroid and cromolyn nasal sprays.  
asthma treatment
Asthma is a chronic (long-term), non-curable lung disease that inflames and narrows the airways. This makes the airways swollen and very sensitive. The airways tend to react strongly to certain substances that are breathed in. When the airways react, the muscles around them tighten the airways narrow and less air flows to the lungs. The swelling also can worsen the airways condition, by making them even narrower. As of 2009, 300 million people worldwide were affected by asthma leading to approximately 250,000 deaths per year. More boys have asthma than girls, but more women have it than men. For some people, asthma is a minor nuisance and for others it can be a major problem that interferes with daily activities and may lead to a life-threatening asthma attack. What Causes Asthma? The exact cause of asthma is unknown. Researchers think some genetic and environmental factors interact to cause asthma, most often early in life. These factors include: An inherited tendency to develop allergies, called atopy (AT-o-pe), Parents who have asthma, Certain respiratory infections during childhood, Contact with some airborne allergens or exposure to some viral infections in infancy or in early childhood when the immune system is developing If asthma or atopy runs in your family, exposure to irritants (for example, tobacco smoke), Having a mother who smoked while pregnant, Being overweight, Exposure to pollution, Exposure to occupational triggers (such as chemicals used in farming), hairdressing and manufacturing, Low birth weight, animal dander, dust mites and mold Certain foods, Insect stings, Medications, Latex or other substances you touch, which can cause allergic skin reactions. However, more research is needed to determine what role they may play in developing asthma. 
asthma treatment
 Allergic asthma is the most common form of asthma, affecting over 50% of the 20 million asthma sufferers.Over 2.5 million children under age 18 suffer from allergic asthma. Many of the symptoms of allergic and non-allergic asthma are the same (coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath or rapid breathing, and chest tightness). However, allergic asthma is triggered by inhaled allergens such as dust mite allergen, pet dander, pollen, mold, etc. resulting in asthma symptoms. An allergic response occurs when immune system chemicals (antibodies) mistakenly identify a harmless substance as a dangerous invader. In an attempt to protect your body from the substance, antibodies attack the allergen. The chemicals released by your immune system lead to allergy signs and symptoms, such as nasal congestion, runny nose, itchy eyes or skin reactions. For some people, this same reaction also affects the lungs and airways, leading to asthma symptoms. Common allergy triggers include:  Airborne allergens, animal dander, dust mites and mold. Certain foods, Insect stings and certain Medications. While allergies can't be cured, a number of treatments can help relieve your allergy symptoms. A few treatments can help with both conditions. For example:  Leukotriene modifier- a daily pill that helps control your immune system chemicals released during an allergic reaction, Allergy shots (immunotherapy) that can help treat asthma by gradually reducing your immune system response to certain allergy triggers. Your immune system builds up a tolerance to the allergens over time, and your allergic reactions diminish. In turn, asthma symptoms decrease as well.
asthma treatment
 Molds are microscopic fungi that live on plant and animal matter. They among the most hazardous household substances for people with allergies and asthma. Fungi differ from plants or animals in how they reproduce and grow. Their "seeds", called spores, are spread by the wind outdoors and by air indoors.  Some spores are released in dry, windy weather. Others are released with the fog or dew when humidity is high. Inhaling the spores can trigger asthma attacks and allergic reactions (such as hay fever or eczema), and it can even cause health problems in people without those conditions. Allergic symptoms from fungus spores are most common from July to late summer, But with fungi growing in so many places, allergic reactions can occur year round. The symptoms are very similar to the symptoms of other allergies, such as sneezing, itching, nasal discharge, congestion and dry, scaling skin.  It is common for people to get mold allergy if they or other family members are allergic to substances such as pollen or animal dander. Some people with mold allergies may have allergy symptoms the entire summer because of outdoor molds or year-round if symptoms are due to indoor molds. Molds can reach the lungs, to cause asthma or another serious illness called allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. Sometimes the reaction is immediate, and sometimes the reaction is delayed. Symptoms often worsen in a damp or moldy room such as a basement; this may suggest mold allergy.
asthma treatment
 Having asthma doesn\'t mean you have to be less active. Treatment can prevent asthma attacks and control symptoms during activity. If you already know you have EIA, or chronic asthma here is some advice to help prevent symptoms: Take two puffs of your blue reliever inhaler before warming up Do some warm-up exercise e.g. gentle exercises and stretching for 5-10 minutes. This will help to increase your heart and breathing rates gradually lessening the effects of the cold air Now you are ready to start  If you experience symptoms during playing sport/exercising: STOP and take some slow, deep breaths Take four puffs of blue inhaler (one at a time), using a spacer if accessible Return to activity if you are free of symptoms  If your symptoms continue or return after your recommence, repeat inhaler instructions and see a doctor as soon as possible. If you exercise in cold temperatures, wear a face mask to warm the air you breathe. Being active is important for people with asthma as it helps in the management of the condition. Exercise helps to strengthen the muscles used for breathing, and over time may even help to improve your EIA symptoms. Inspiratory muscle training This technique helps strengthen lung muscles with a series of breathing exercises. Breathing exercises Breathing techniques for asthma have been around for years, but many health providers remain skeptical about them. Nonetheless, in a number of studies, people who did breathing exercises reported improved symptoms.
asthma treatment
The symptoms with which chronic asthma presents are cough, breathlessness, chest tightness, or wheezing and are caused by the airways in the lungs narrowing. In addition to chronic asthma another condition is Exercise Induced Asthma or (EIA) when physical activities is the only trigger causing narrowing of the airways, and producing the symptoms of asthma.

 Exercise Induced Asthma Exercise induced asthma is a relatively common problem that can go undiagnosed, as some attribute their symptoms to being unfit.    During exercise it is necessary to breath through our mouths, enabling us to acquire the large amounts of air needed to sustain the increased level of energy. In susceptible airways when we breathe air that is unfiltered, dry and cold it causes bronchoconstriction (narrowing of the airways), producing the symptoms of asthma chest tightness, wheeze/cough and breathlessness. Being active is important for people with asthma as it helps in the management of the condition. Exercise helps to strengthen the muscles used for breathing, and over time may even help to improve EIA symptoms. Frequent or severe symptoms due to physical activity may suggest poorly controlled asthma and the need to either start or increase long-term control medicines that reduce inflammation. This will help prevent exercise-related symptoms. Easing into physical activity with a warmup period may be helpful. If you use your asthma medicines as your doctor directs, you should be able to take part in any physical activity or sport you choose.
asthma treatment
 Exercise Induced Asthma Exercise induced asthma is a relatively common problem that can go undiagnosed, as some attribute their symptoms to being unfit. During exercise it is necessary to breath through our mouths, enabling us to acquire the large amounts of air needed to sustain the increased level of energy. In susceptible airways when we breathe air that is unfiltered, dry and cold it causes bronchoconstriction (narrowing of the airways), producing the symptoms of asthma chest tightness, wheeze/cough and breathlessness. If you have any of these symptoms during or after playing sport or exercising/activities, you may be experiencing EIA: Shortness of breath a few minutes after starting to exercise/play sport Tight feeling in chest while playing a sport/ exercising/active Stopping exercise/sport/activity because you feel unwell Wheezing and/or coughing  If you think you may have any of the signs of EIA and have not been diagnosed with asthma, please contact your family doctor for advice. Being active is important for people with asthma as it helps in the management of the condition. Exercise helps to strengthen the muscles used for breathing, and over time may even help to improve your EIA symptoms. If you have chronic asthma it is important that you participate in sports/exercise to help in the management of asthma. If you already know you have EIA, or chronic asthma here is some advice to help prevent symptoms: Take two puffs of your blue reliever inhaler before warming up Do some warm-up exercise e.g. gentle exercises and stretching for 5-10 minutes.
asthma treatment
The treatment for Atopic termatits varies and depends on the severity of your case and your age. Tacrolimus and pimecrolimus ointments are powerful topical medicated creams that are used for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. They are not particularly effective in patients with severe disease and are best used on the faces of children.For mild to moderate dermatitis in older children (over 12 years old) and adults Phototherapy is sometime used. Its a treatment with light that uses ultraviolet A or B light waves or a combination of both. Photochemotherapy, a combination of ultraviolet light therapy and a drug called psoralen, can also be used in cases that are resistant to phototherapy alone. Oral antihistamines, such as Benadryl or Atarax, can be used to treat itch associated with atopic dermatitis. However, that they can cause sleepiness and may not help in all cases.For more severe falers of atopic dermatitis, Oral corticosteroids, such as prednisone, prednisolone, and medrol, may be used. They are used if the rash covers a large part of the body and face, but they are often prescribed for a short course (5 days) to calm the rash due to numerous side effects. For more mild cases, Shampoos and soaps containing coal tar can help but use should stop immediately if there is any increase in itching or redness of the rash. if you have a bacterial skin infection or an open sore or fissure caused by scratching,  You may need antibiotics.
asthma treatment
Many of the medications used to treat Atopic dermatitis have side effects that are important to know about. Oral antihistamines, such as Benadryl (diphenhydramine) or Atarax (hydroxyzine), are used to treat itch associated with atopic dermatitis can cause sleepiness and may not help in all cases of atopic dermatitis. Antihistamine creams should not be used on atopic dermatitis rashes because they contain chemicals that can actually worsen the rash. Possible side effects for Corticosteroids include:  Thinning of the skin, Skin infections Growth suppression in children (with long-term oral prednisone), Stretch marks on the skin,  Possible side effects for Nonsteroidal Topical Immunomodulators include:  Temporary mild warmth, burning, or itching  Side effects for Antihistamines include:  Drowsiness, Dry mouth, nose, or throat.    Corticosteroids can be absorbed through the skin and cause problems throughout the body. Side effects include headache, indigestion, increased appetite, restlessness, and increased risk of infection.Using topical corticosteroids on the face can result in enlarged blood vessels (telangiectasias), bruising, acne, and stretch marks (striae).     Coal tar, actually made by melting coal, that has long been a treatment for a variety of skin, can be very irritating to already inflamed skin.Long term Light therapy,Though effective, has many harmful effects, including premature skin aging and an increased risk of skin cancer. 
asthma treatment
Treatments for atopic dermatitis (eczema) aim to reduce inflammation, relieve itching and prevent future flare-ups. Over-the-counter (nonprescription) anti-itch creams and other self-care measures may help control mild atopic dermatitis. An example for nonprescription cream is low-potency corticosteroid creams, but you should always talk to your doctor before using any topical corticosteroid. Your doctor may recommend prescription corticosteroid creams or ointments to ease scaling and relieve itching. There are side effects of long-term or repeated use of these creams. You may need antibiotics if you have a bacterial skin infection or an open sore or fissure caused by scratching. Your doctor may recommend taking antibiotics for a short time to treat an infection or for longer periods of time to reduce bacteria on your skin and to prevent recurrent infections. If itching is severe, oral antihistamines may help, such as Benadryl (diphenhydramine) or Atarax (hydroxyzine). For more severe cases, your doctor may prescribe oral corticosteroids, such as prednisone, or an intramuscular injection of corticosteroids to reduce inflammation and to control symptoms. These medications are effective, but can't be used long term because of potential serious side effects. A class of medications called immunomodulators, such as tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel), affect the immune system and may help maintain normal skin texture and reduce flares of atopic dermatitis. This prescription-only medications is approved for children older than 2 and for adults. They are not particularly effective in patients with severe disease, with possible concerns about their effect on the immune system and are best used on the faces of children. There is also the possibility to get allergy shots, but usually they aren't successful in treating atopic dermatitis.
asthma treatment
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin. It is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another. The word dermatitis means inflammation of the skin. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, and finally, crusting and scaling. In most cases, there are periods of time when the disease is worse (called exacerbations or flares) followed by periods when the skin improves or clears up entirely (called remissions). As some children with atopic dermatitis grow older, their skin disease improves or disappears altogether, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood. Atopic dermatitis is often referred to as eczema, which is a general term for the several types of inflammation of the skin. Atopic dermatitis is the most common of the many types of eczema.
asthma treatment
There are some side effects of different medications. Topical corticosteroids include the following: A burning sensation, itching, irritation, dryness, or redness may develop in the area where the medicine is applied. Using topical corticosteroids on the face can result in enlarged blood vessels (telangiectasias), bruising, acne, and stretch marks (striae). With long-term use, high-strength topical corticosteroids cause temporary thinning of the skin, making it more easily irritated. But when used carefully and mostly in low-strength doses, topical corticosteroids can be used for up to 10 years without severe side effects. Corticosteroids can be absorbed through the skin and cause problems throughout the body. Side effects include headache, indigestion, increased appetite, restlessness, increased risk of infection, thinning of the skin, skin infections, growth suppression in children (with long-term oral prednisone), stretch marks on the skin, thinning of the bones, and suppression of the immune system. If your skin rash gets worse or if you have blurred vision, increased urination, excessive thirst, or mood changes, see your doctor. Side effects are associated with long-term use of corticosteroids. You and your doctor must watch for side effects and weigh them against the potential benefit of corticosteroid treatment. Though they may clear atopic dermatitis well, the side effects are too risky to warrant using them as a first-line treatment. Possible side effects for nonsteroidal topical immunomodulators include: temporary mild warmth, burning or itching. Side effects for antihistamines include: drowsiness (do not drive a car or operate heavy machinery until you know how these drugs affect you), dry mouth, nose or throat.  Antihistamine creams should not be used on atopic dermatitis rashes because they contain chemicals that can actually worsen the rash.
asthma treatment
 Atopic dermatitis is the most common of the many types of eczema. Its a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin. Its a distinct condition in persons who are genetically predisposed to developing immunoglobulin (Ig) E-mediated hypersensitivity reactions. Atopic dernatitis is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another. The word dermatitis means inflammation of the skin. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, and finally, crusting and scaling. In most cases, there are periods of time when the disease is worse (called exacerbations or flares) followed by periods when the skin improves or clears up entirely (called remissions).  Although atopic dermatitis can occur in any age, most often it affects infants and young children. In some the skin disease improves or disappears altogether with age, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood.  The cause of atopic dermatitis is not known, but the disease seems to result from a combination of genetic (hereditary) and environmental factors. There seems to be a basic hypersensitivity and an increased tendency toward itching. While emotional factors and stress may in some cases exacerbate or initiate the condition, they do not seem to be a primary or underlying cause for the disorder. 
asthma treatment
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin and a large percentage of the world's population. It is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another, unless they have active skin infections. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. Atopic dermatitis is often referred to as eczema, which is a general term for the several types of inflammation of the skin. Atopic dermatitis is the most common of the many types of eczema. In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. The cause of atopic dermatitis is not known, but the disease seems to result from a combination of genetic (hereditary) and environmental factors. A wide range of environmental factors, such as contact allergens, stress, food, skin flora and humidity, play roles in the development and severity of atopic dermatitis. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, and finally, crusting and scaling. In most cases, there are periods of time when the disease is worse (called exacerbations or flares) followed by periods when the skin improves or clears up entirely (called remissions). Although atopic dermatitis can occur in any age, most often it affects infants and young children. As some children with atopic dermatitis grow older, their skin disease improves or disappears altogether, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood. Self-care measures, such as avoiding soaps or other irritants and applying creams or ointments, can help relieve itching. Tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel) ointments are powerful and expensive topical medicated creams (drugs that are applied to the skin) that are used for the treatment of atopic dermatitis.
asthma treatment
Corticosteroid creams or ointments. Your doctor may recommend prescription corticosteroid creams or ointments to ease scaling and relieve itching. Some low-potency corticosteroid creams are available without a prescription, but you should always talk to your doctor before using any topical corticosteroid. Side effects of long-term or repeated use can include skin irritation or discoloration, thinning of the skin, infections, and stretch marks on the skin. Antibiotics. You may need antibiotics if you have a bacterial skin infection or an open sore or fissure caused by scratching. Your doctor may recommend taking antibiotics for a short time to treat an infection or for longer periods of time to reduce bacteria on your skin and to prevent recurrent infections. Antibiotics. You may need antibiotics if you have a bacterial skin infection or an open sore or fissure caused by scratching. Your doctor may recommend taking antibiotics for a short time to treat an infection or for longer periods of time to reduce bacteria on your skin and to prevent recurrent infections. Oral antihistamines. If itching is severe, oral antihistamines may help. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl, others) can make you sleepy and may be helpful at bedtime. If your skin cracks open, your doctor may prescribe mildly astringent wet dressings to prevent infection. in severe cases your doctor may prescribe oral or injection Corticosteroid such as prednisone, or an intramuscular injection of corticosteroids to reduce inflammation and to control symptoms. those treatments have severe side effects. A class of medications called immunomodulators, such as tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel), affect the immune system and may help maintain normal skin texture.
asthma treatment
Oral antihistamines, such as Benadryl (diphenhydramine) or Atarax (hydroxyzine), can be used to treat itch associated with atopic dermatitis. It\'s important to note, however, that they can cause sleepiness and may not help in all cases of atopic dermatitis. Antihistamine creams should not be used on atopic dermatitis rashes because they contain chemicals that can actually worsen the rash. Oral corticosteroids, such as prednisone, prednisolone, and medrol, may be used for more severe flares of atopic dermatitis. They are used if the rash covers a large part of the body and face. Oral steroids used long term have numerous side effects, including weight gain, thinning of the bones, and suppression of the immune system. Though they may clear atopic dermatitis well, the side effects are too risky to warrant using them as a first-line treatment. To avoid these side effects, but still benefit from the medication, oral steroids are often prescribed for a short course (5 days) to calm the rash. Topical steroids can then be used on the remaining rash. Coal tar, actually made by melting coal, has long been a treatment for a variety of skin conditions. Shampoos and soaps containing coal tar can help with mild cases of atopic dermatitis. Coal tar tends to work better on thickened skin that is not scaly, or to ease very early symptoms of itching. However, coal tar can be very irritating to already inflamed skin. It is OK to try coal tar for mild cases of atopic dermatitis, but use should stop immediately if there is any increase in itching or redness of the rash. 
asthma treatment
Breathing exercises Breathing techniques for asthma have been around for years, but many health providers remain skeptical about them. They don\'t seem to improve the underlying allergic reaction that causes asthma symptoms. Nonetheless, in a number of studies, people who did breathing exercises reported improved symptoms. Breathing methods vary, but generally involve learning to:  Take breaths less often Take slower breaths Breathe through your nose rather than your mouth Use your abdominal muscles to take deep \"belly breaths\" (diaphragmatic breathing) A few breathing techniques used for asthma include the Buteyko breathing technique and yoga breathing (pranayama). Inspiratory muscle training This technique helps strengthen lung muscles with a series of breathing exercises. It\'s sometimes used for other lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and after certain types of surgery. These exercises definitely strengthen the muscles of your lungs, but there\'s not enough proof to say whether they help with asthma. Massage and chiropractic treatment Although some claim that these treatments help, there\'s no evidence that physical manipulation of the spine or muscles reduces asthma symptoms. Relaxation therapy Relaxation therapy techniques include meditation, biofeedback, hypnosis and progressive muscle relaxation. It\'s unclear whether any of these techniques directly help with asthma, but they do seem to reduce stress and promote a sense of well-being.
asthma treatment
If you exercise in cold temperatures, wear a face mask to warm the air you breathe. To help prevent symptoms: Take two puffs of your blue reliever inhaler before warming up Do some warm-up exercise e.g. gentle exercises and stretching for 5-10 minutes. This will help to increase your heart and breathing rates gradually lessening the effects of the cold air Now you are ready to start  If you experience symptoms during playing sport/exercising: STOP and take some slow, deep breaths Take four puffs of blue inhaler (one at a time), using a spacer if accessible Return to activity if you are free of symptoms  If your symptoms continue or return after your recommence, repeat inhaler instructions and see a doctor as soon as possible.  At times, programs for students who have asthma may need to be temporarily modified, such as by varying the type, intensity, duration, and/or frequency of activity. At all times, students who have asthma should be included in activities as much as possible. The good news is that today\'s treatments can successfully control asthma so that most students can participate fully in regular school and childcare activities, including play, sports, and other physical activities.
asthma treatment
Exercise induced asthma is a relatively common problem that can go undiagnosed, as some attribute their symptoms to being unfit. It is considered as a non-allergic asthma, where the immune system is not involved in the reaction. Like allergic asthma, it is characterized by airway obstruction and inflammation that is at least partially reversible with medication.

In addition to chronic asthma another condition is Exercise Induced Asthma or (EIA) when physical activities is the only trigger causing narrowing of the airways, and producing the symptoms of asthma such as  cough, breathlessness, chest tightness, or wheezing.

During exercise it is necessary to breath through the mouth and the nose, enabling to acquire the large amounts of air needed to sustain the increased level of energy.

If susceptible airways is unfiltered, dry and cold it causes bronchoconstriction (narrowing of the airways), producing the symptoms of asthma chest tightness, wheeze/cough and breathlessness.

Sympthoms include shortness of breath a few minutes after starting to a strenuous physical activity or a tight feeling in chest which forces one to stop, wheezing and/or coughing.

Exercise provokes symptoms in most children with poorly controlled asthma, the student who has asthma symptoms with physical activity may need to be evaluated by his or her health care provider.

Even for a student who has exercise-induced asthma, the frequent use of quick-relief medication during or after exercise may signal the need to return to his or her health care provider to add a daily long-term control medication or to increase the dosage.
asthma treatment
Exercise Induced Asthma Exercise induced asthma is a relatively common problem that can go undiagnosed, as some attribute their symptoms to being unfit. To help you understand the condition and know how to manage it here are a few pointers. The symptoms with which chronic asthma presents are cough, breathlessness, chest tightness, or wheezing and are caused by the airways in the lungs narrowing. Many triggers cause chronic asthma e.g. colds, dust mites and exercise. In addition to chronic asthma another condition is Exercise Induced Asthma or (EIA) when physical activities is the only trigger causing narrowing of the airways, and producing the symptoms of asthma. What happens? When breathing normally air enters our lungs through the nose, where it is warmed, moistened, and filtered. During exercise it is necessary to breath through our mouths, enabling us to acquire the large amounts of air needed to sustain the increased level of energy. In susceptible airways when we breathe air that is unfiltered, dry and cold it causes bronchoconstriction (narrowing of the airways), producing the symptoms of asthma chest tightness, wheeze/cough and breathlessness. How will I know if I have EIA...? If you have any of these symptoms during or after playing sport or exercising/activities, you may be experiencing EIA: Shortness of breath a few minutes after starting to exercise/play sport Tight feeling in chest while playing a sport/ exercising/active Stopping exercise/sport/activity because you feel unwell Wheezing and/or coughing  If you think you may have any of the signs of EIA and have not been diagnosed with asthma, please contact your family doctor for advice.
asthma treatment
In addition to chronic asthma another condition is Exercise Induced Asthma or (EIA) when physical activities is the only trigger causing narrowing of the airways, and producing the symptoms of asthma. This condition is Non-Allergic (intrinsic) asthma that triggered by factors not related to allergies, in this case: exercise. Exercise induced asthma is a relatively common problem that can go undiagnosed, as some attribute their symptoms to being unfit. Exercise-induced asthma, may be worse when the air is cold so there is a need to use a quick-relief inhaler more often for some people. If you have any of these symptoms during or after playing sport or exercising/activities, you may be experiencing EIA: shortness of breath a few minutes after starting to exercise/play sport, tight feeling in chest while playing a sport/exercising/active, stopping exercise/sport/activity because you feel unwell Wheezing and/or coughing. If you think you may have any of the signs of EIA and have not been diagnosed with asthma, please contact your family doctor for advice. Being active is important for people with asthma as it helps in the management of the condition. Exercise helps to strengthen the muscles used for breathing, and over time may even help to improve your EIA symptoms.  Physical activity is an important part of a healthy lifestyle. Talk with your doctor about medicines that can help you stay active.
asthma treatment
Being active is important for people with asthma as it helps in the management of the condition.
Exercise helps to strengthen the muscles used for breathing, and over time may even help to improve your EIA symptoms.
It is important to participate in sports/exercise when there is chronic asthma, in order to help in the management of asthma.
Some advice to help prevent symptoms while exercising: two puffs of the blue reliever inhaler before warming up, some warm-up exercise e.g. gentle exercises and stretching for 5-10 minutes. This will help to increase the heart and breathing rates gradually lessening the effects of the cold air and only after that to start. If one experiences symptoms during playing sport/exercising, one should stop and take some slow, deep breaths, take four puffs of blue inhaler (one at a time), using a spacer if accessible, then return to activity if you are free of symptoms If your symptoms continue or return after your recommence, repeat inhaler instructions and see a doctor as soon as possible.

Inspiratory muscle training helps strengthen lung muscles with a series of breathing exercises.
It is s sometimes used for other lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and after certain types of surgery. Though, there's not enough proof to say whether they help with asthma.

	
asthma treatment
 Prevention and long-term control are key in stopping asthma attacks before they start. Treatment usually involves learning to recognize your triggers and taking steps to avoid them, and tracking your breathing to make sure your daily asthma medications are keeping symptoms under control. In case of an asthma flare-up, you may need to use a quick-relief inhaler, such as albuterol.  The right medications for you depend on a number of things, including your age, symptoms, your asthma triggers and what seems to work best to keep your asthma under control. Preventive, long-term control medications reduce the inflammation in your airways that leads to symptoms.They are taken daily and are the cornerstone of asthma treatment. Quick-relief inhalers (bronchodilators) quickly open swollen airways that are limiting breathing. In some cases, allergy medications are necessary. Long term medications keep asthma under control on a day-to-day basis and make it less likely to have an asthma attack. Types of long-term control medications include:  Inhaled corticosteroids. You may need to use these medications for several days to weeks before they reach their maximum benefit. Quick-relief medications are used as needed for rapid, short-term symptom relief during an asthma attack  or before exercise if your doctor recommends it. Types of quick-relief medications include:  Short-acting beta agonists. These inhaled, quick-relief bronchodilators act within minutes to rapidly ease symptoms during an asthma attack. But if your long-term control medications are working properly, you shouldn't need to use your quick-relief inhaler very often.
asthma treatment
 Corticosteroids are medicines that help prevent asthma symptoms occurring by reducing the inflammation in the airways. Cortisone, is part of a family of substances known as steroids which are produced by the body to help it function normally. Corticosteroids were developed from cortisone and are agents that decrease inflammation. The medication is used in several forms, to treat many different conditions. It reduces itching, swelling, redness, and allergic reactions, used in treating skin problems, severe allergies, asthma and arthritis. Inhaled corticosteroids are a maintenance medicine that helps to prevent severe asthma symptoms. They are prescribed for patients of all ages to treat different levels of persistent asthma. They work by dampening down the inflammation in the airways, and are the most effective agents for treating asthma. As a result, asthma symptoms and sudden acute attacks occur less often. To be effective, they need to be taken once or twice every day as prescribed by your doctor. They are of no benefit when used for symptoms, unlike bronchodilators, or when taken on an odd occasion. Common Corticosteroids: Beclozone (Beclomethasone), Flixotide (Fluticasone), Pulmicort (Budesonide). Some preventers may take 3 to 4 weeks to become effective others only take a few days, so it may take some time before you notice a difference in your your asthma. Some people on inhaled corticosteroids may have local side effects such as sore throat, husky voice, thrush (an infection) in the mouth. These side effects can be avoided by using a spacer.
asthma treatment
 A variety of asthma inhalers are available to help control asthma symptoms in adults and children. QUICK-RELIEF MEDICATIONS (also known as short-acting bronchodilators) are taken when needed for rapid, short-term relief of asthma symptoms. LONG-TERM CONTROL MEDICATIONS are usually taken daily to control underlying airway inflammation and thereby prevent asthma symptoms.Types of asthma inhalers include:  Metered dose inhalers. Dry powder inhaler. Metered dose inhaler with a spacer.  Take the medication exactly as prescribed. Don't stop taking the medication or adjust the dosage on your own. Types of quick-relief medications include:  Short-acting beta agonists. They include albuterol (ProAir HFA, Ventolin HFA, others), levalbuterol (Xopenex HFA) and pirbuterol (Maxair). Ipratropium (Atrovent). Ipratropium (Atrovent). Like other bronchodilators, ipratropium acts quickly to immediately relax your airways, making it easier to breathe. Oral and intravenous corticosteroids. Allergy medications may help if your asthma is triggered or worsened by allergies. Inhaled corticosteroids These anti-inflammatory drugs are the most effective and commonly used long-term control medications for asthma.
asthma treatment
Asthma is a chronic (longterm) lung disease that inflames and narrows the airways. it is can not be cured but its sympthoms can be controlled.  It is treated with two types of medicines:   long term control and quick relief medicines. Long term control medicines help reduce airway inflammation and prevent asthma symptoms. such medicine are doctor prescribes and should be taken daily. Quick relief, or rescue, medicines relieve asthma symptoms when they flare up. an inhaler is a common quick relief medicine. it is important to practice using your inhaler at the doctors office in order to learn the correct usage. Your initial asthma treatment will depend on how severe your disease is. The goal of asthma treatment is to control the disease and prevent asthma attacks. Good asthma control will: 	 Prevent chronic and troublesome symptoms, such as coughing and shortness of breath  	 Reduce your need for quick relief medicines  	 Help you maintain good lung function  	 Let you maintain your normal activity levels and sleep through the night 	 Prevent asthma attacks that could result in  your going to the emergency room or being admitted to the hospital for treatment  To reach this goal, you should actively partner with your doctor to manage the disease and create and follow an asthma action plan. With todays knowledge and treatments, most people who have asthma are able to manage the disease. They have few, if any, symptoms and can live normal, active lives.
asthma treatment
 Corticosteroids are medicines that help prevent asthma symptoms occurring by reducing the inflammation in the airways. Cortisone, is part of a family of substances known as steroids which are produced by the body to help it function normally. It reduces itching, swelling, redness, and allergic reactions, used in treating skin problems, severe allergies, asthma and arthritis. Inhaled corticosteroids are prescribed for patients of all ages to treat different levels of persistent asthma. To be effective, they need to be taken once or twice every day as prescribed by your doctor. Inhaled steroids are not addictive. The dose is carefully worked out according to you/your childs weight. Its best to give each dose of steroid with food in the morning, usually at breakfast time. Steroids given by mouth During severe acute asthma episodes you/your child may need a higher dose of corticosteroids to be taken by mouth. A larger dose of steroid taken this way allows the medicine to work faster. These anti-inflammatory drugs are the most effective and commonly used long-term control medications for asthma. Corticosteroids don't generally cause serious side effects. After you use it, rinse your mouth with water, gargle, and spit out. Corticosteroid creams or ointments. Your doctor may recommend prescription corticosteroid creams or ointments to ease scaling and relieve itching. Some people on inhaled corticosteroids may have local side effects such as: sore throat, husky voice, thrush (an infection) in the mouth. Inhaled steroids are not addictive.
asthma treatment
 Asthma is a longterm lung disease that cant be cured.It causes inflammation and narrowing of the airways, making them swollen and  very sensitive. That can result in asthma symptoms. Symptoms may include wheezing , chest tightness, shortness of breath, and coughing. When symptoms get more intense and/or additional symptoms occur, this is an asthma attack. Its important to treat symptoms when you first notice them. This will help prevent the symptoms from worsening and causing a severe asthma attack that may require emergency care, and can cause death.  Asthma is treated with two types of medicines:   longterm control and quickrelief medicines. Longterm control medicines help reduce airway inflammation and prevent asthma symptoms. Quickrelief, or rescue, medicines relieve asthma symptoms when they flare up. Your initial asthma treatment will depend on how severe your disease is. Followup asthma treatment will depend on how well your asthma action plan is working to control your symptoms and prevent asthma attacks. The goal of asthma treatment is to control the disease and prevent asthma attacks. Good asthma control will Prevent chronic and troublesome symptoms, such as shortness of breath, Reduce your need for quickrelief medicines, Let you maintain your normal activity levels and sleep through the night and will Prevent severe asthma attacks. To reach this goal, you should actively partner with your doctor to manage the disease and create and follow an asthma action plan. With todays knowledge and treatments, most people who have asthma are able to manage the disease.
asthma treatment
 The goal of asthma treatment is to control the disease and prevent asthma attacks. It is treated with two types of medicines: longterm control and quickrelief medicines. Longterm control medicines help reduce airway inflammation and prevent asthma symptoms. Quickrelief, or rescue, medicines relieve asthma symptoms when they flare up. An asthma action plan gives guidance on taking your medicines properly, avoiding factors that worsen your asthma, tracking your level of asthma control, responding to worsening asthma, and seeking emergency care when  needed. Good asthma control will: Prevent chronic and troublesome symptoms, such as coughing and shortness of breath Reduce your need for quickrelief medicines Help you maintain good lung function Let you maintain your normal activity levels and sleep through the night Prevent asthma attacks that could result in  your going to the emergency room or being admitted to the hospital for treatment  To reach this goal, you should actively partner with your doctor to manage the disease and create and follow an asthma action plan. Your initial asthma treatment will depend on how severe your disease is. Asthma can\'t be cured, but its symptoms can be controlled. Because asthma often changes over time, it\'s important that you work with your doctor to track your signs and symptoms and adjust treatment as needed.
asthma treatment
Most asthma medications are inhaled as sprays or powders and may be taken using metered-dose inhalers, dry powder inhalers, or nebulizers. A metered-dose inhaler is a pressurized canister that delivers a dose of medication and does not require deep and fast breathing (see Appendix 3 for instructions). A dry powder inhaler is another kind of inhaler that does require deep and fast breathing to get the medication into the lungs (see Appendix 4 for instructions). A nebulizer is a machine that turns liquid medication into a fine mist. Whichever delivery method is used, it is important for patient to take their medications correctly. LONG-TERM CONTROL MEDICATIONS are usually taken daily to control underlying airway inflammation and thereby prevent asthma symptoms. They can significantly reduce a patient need for quick-relief medication. Inhaled corticosteroids are the most effective long-term control medications for asthma. It is important to remember that inhaled corticosteroids are generally safe for long-term use when taken as prescribed. They are not addictive and are not the same as illegal anabolic steroids used by some athletes to build muscles. QUICK-RELIEF MEDICATIONS are taken when needed for rapid, short-term relief of asthma symptoms. They help stop asthma attacks by temporarily relaxing the muscles around the airways. However, they do nothing to treat the underlying airway inflammation that caused the symptoms to flare up. An additional use for quick-relief medications is the prevention of asthma symptoms in patients who have exercise-induced asthma. These patients may be directed  to take their quick-relief medication inhaler 5 minutes before physical activities.
asthma treatment
Corticosteroids were developed from cortisone and are agents that decrease inflammation. The medication is used in several forms, to treat many different conditions. It reduces itching, swelling, redness, and allergic reactions, used in treating skin problems, severe allergies, asthma and arthritis. Although corticosteroids are part of the steroid family they are not the same as the anabolic steroids some athletes and body-builders use to enhance their muscles and gain strength. Anabolic steroids can have serious side effects. Inhaled corticosteroids are prescribed for patients of all ages to treat different levels of persistent asthma. They work by dampening down the inflammation in the airways, and are the most effective agents for treating asthma. As a result, asthma symptoms and sudden acute attacks occur less often. To be effective, they need to be taken once or twice every day as prescribed by your doctor. They are of no benefit when used for symptoms, unlike bronchodilators or when taken on an odd occasion. Inhaled corticosteroids are a maintenance medicine that helps to prevent severe asthma symptoms. Common Corticosteroids:      Beclozone (Beclomethasone)\     Flixotide (Fluticasone)     Pulmicort (Budesonide)   Some preventers may take 3 to 4 weeks to become effective others only take a few days, so it may take some time before you notice a difference in your childs or your asthma. You may also notice that the blue inhaler is not needed as often.
asthma treatment
Treating atopic dermatitis in infants and children Give brief, lukewarm baths. Apply an emollient immediately following the bath. Keep a child\'s fingernails filed short. Select soft cotton fabrics when choosing clothing. Consider using antihistamines to reduce scratching at night. Keep the child cool; avoid situations where overheating occurs. Learn to recognize skin infections and seek treatment promptly. Attempt to distract the child with activities to keep him or her from scratching. 
Tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel) ointments are powerful and expensive topical medicated creams (drugs that are applied to the skin) that are used for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. They are not particularly effective in patients with severe disease and are best used on the faces of children. Phototherapy is treatment with light that uses ultraviolet A or B light waves or a combination of both. This treatment can be an effective treatment for mild to moderate dermatitis in older children (over 12 years old) and adults. Photochemotherapy, a combination of ultraviolet light therapy and a drug called psoralen, can also be used in cases that are resistant to phototherapy alone. Possible long-term side effects of this treatment include premature skin aging and skin cancer. If the doctor thinks that phototherapy may be useful in treating the symptoms of atopic dermatitis, he or she will use the minimum exposure necessary and monitor the skin carefully.
asthma treatment
 Although atopic dermatitis can occur in any age, most often it affects infants and young children. Most children with atopic dermatitis enter into a permanent remission of the disease when they get older, although their skin may remain somewhat dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood. Treating atopic dermatitis in infants and children includes      Giving brief, lukewarm baths and Applying an emollient immediately following the bath, Keeping the child's fingernails filed short, Selecting soft cotton fabrics when choosing clothing. using antihistamines to reduce scratching at night should be considered. The parent should keep the child cool and avoid situations where overheating occurs. He should learn to recognize skin infections and seek treatment promptly. When a child has atopic dermatitis, the entire family situation may be affected. It is important that families have additional support to help them cope with the stress and frustration associated with the disease. The child may be fussy and difficult and often is unable to keep from scratching and rubbing the skin. Distracting the child and providing as many activities that keep the hands busy are key but require effort and work on the part of the parents or caregivers. The child may face difficulty in school or other social relationships and may need additional support and encouragement from family members.
asthma treatment
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin. It is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another through skin contact. There is generally no cause for concern in being around someone with even an active case of atopic dermatitis, unless they have active skin infections. The word dermatitis means inflammation of the skin. The term atopic is from the Greek meaning strange. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, and finally, crusting and scaling. In most cases, there are periods of time when the disease is worse (called exacerbations or flares) followed by periods when the skin improves or clears up entirely (called remissions). Atopic dermatitis is often referred to as eczema, which is a general term for the several types of inflammation of the skin. Atopic dermatitis is the most common of the many types of eczema. Although atopic dermatitis can occur in any age, most often it affects infants and young children. Occasionally, it may persist into adulthood or may actually appear at that time. Some patients tend to have a protracted course with various ups and downs. The cause of atopic dermatitis is unknown, but it may result from a combination of inherited tendencies for sensitive skin and malfunction in the body's immune system.
asthma treatment
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin. It is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another. The word dermatitis means inflammation of the skin. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, and finally, crusting and scaling. In most cases, there are periods of time when the disease is worse (called exacerbations or flares) followed by periods when the skin improves or clears up entirely (called remissions). As some children with atopic dermatitis grow older, their skin disease improves or disappears altogether, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood. Atopic dermatitis is often referred to as eczema, which is a general term for the several types of inflammation of the skin. Atopic dermatitis is the most common of the many types of eczema.
asthma treatment
 Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin. It is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another. The word dermatitis means inflammation of the skin. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. Atopic dermatitis affects a large percentage of the world's population.It is a special type of allergic hypersensitivity that includes a triad of conditions that includes asthma, inhalant allergies (hay fever), and a chronic dermatitis (eczema). In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, and finally, crusting and scaling. In most cases, there are periods of time when the disease is worse (called exacerbations or flares) followed by periods when the skin improves or clears up entirely (called remissions). As some children with atopic dermatitis grow older, their skin disease improves or disappears altogether, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood. Atopic dermatitis is the most common of the many types of eczema. There is a known hereditary component of the disease, and it is more common in affected families. Criteria that enable to diagnose it include the typical appearance and distribution of the rash in a patient with a personal or family history of asthma and/or hay fever.
asthma treatment
Atopic dermatitis most often begins in childhood before age 5 and may persist into adulthood. Most children with atopic dermatitis enter into a permanent remission of the disease when they get older, although their skin may remain somewhat dry and easily irritated.  For some, it flares periodically and then subsides for a time, even up to several years. Itching may be severe, and scratching the rash can make it even itchier and cause more inflammation. Once the skin barrier is broken, the skin can become infected by bacteria, especially Staphylococcus aureus, which commonly live on the skin. Breaking this itch-scratch cycle can be challenging. When atopic dermatitis occurs in infants, it's called infantile eczema. This condition may continue into childhood and adolescence. Infantile eczema often involves an oozing, crusting rash, mainly on the skin of the face and scalp, but it can occur anywhere. After infancy, the rash becomes dryer and tends to be red to brown-gray in color. In adolescence, the skin may be scaly or thickened and easily irritated. The intense itching may continue. As some children with atopic dermatitis grow older, their skin disease improves or disappears altogether, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood. A class of medications called immunomodulators, such as tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel), affect the immune system and may help maintain normal skin texture and reduce flares of atopic dermatitis. This prescription-only medication is approved for children older than 2 and for adults.
atopic dermatitis
 Over-the-counter (nonprescription) anti-itch creams and other self-care measures may help control mild atopic dermatitis. Your doctor may recommend prescription corticosteroid creams or ointments to ease scaling and relieve itching. Some low-potency corticosteroid creams are available without a prescription, but you should always talk to your doctor before using any topical corticosteroid. If itching is severe, oral antihistamines may help. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl, others) can make you sleepy and may be helpful at bedtime. For more severe cases, your doctor may prescribe oral corticosteroids, such as prednisone, or an intramuscular injection of corticosteroids to reduce inflammation and to control symptoms. These medications are effective, but can\'t be used long term because of potential serious side effects. A class of medications called immunomodulators, such as tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel), affect the immune system and may help maintain normal skin texture and reduce flares of atopic dermatitis. This prescription-only medication is approved for children older than 2 and for adults. Due to possible concerns about the effect of these medications on the immune system when used for prolonged periods, the Food and Drug Administration recommends that Elidel and Protopic be used only when other treatments have failed or if someone can\'t tolerate other treatments. Many alternative therapies  including chamomile, evening-primrose oil, witch hazel extract and borage seed oil  have been touted as possible ways to treat atopic dermatitis (eczema). However, there\'s no conclusive evidence that any of these alternative therapies are effective.
atopic dermatitis
  Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin. It is a common condition affecting approximately 17% of the population.  It is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. As some children with atopic dermatitis grow older, their skin disease improves or disappears altogether, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated.

 Treatments for atopic dermatitis (eczema) aim to reduce inflammation, relieve itching and prevent future flare-ups. Nonprescription anti-itch creams and other self-care measures may help control mild atopic dermatitis.  Self-care measures, such as avoiding soaps or other irritants and applying creams or ointments, can help relieve itching. Corticosteroid creams or ointments can ease scaling and relieve itching. Some low-potency corticosteroid creams are available without a prescription, but you should always talk to your doctor before using any topical corticosteroid. Antibiotics help a bacterial skin infection or an open sore or fissure caused by scratching. Taking antibiotics for a short time to treat an infection or for longer periods of time to reduce bacteria on your skin and to prevent recurrent infections. If itching is severe, oral antihistamines may help. 

Although atopic dermatitis is related to allergies, eliminating allergens is rarely helpful in clearing the condition. Allergy shots usually aren\'t successful in treating atopic dermatitis.
atopic dermatitis
 The exact cause of atopic dermatitis (eczema) is unknown, but it\'s likely due to a combination of dry, irritable skin with a malfunction in the body\'s immune system. Stress and other emotional disorders can worsen atopic dermatitis, but they don\'t cause it. Corticosteroid creams or ointments. Your doctor may recommend prescription corticosteroid creams or ointments to ease scaling and relieve itching. Some low-potency corticosteroid creams are available without a prescription, but you should always talk to your doctor before using any topical corticosteroid. Over-the-counter (nonprescription) anti-itch creams and other self-care measures may help control mild atopic dermatitis. Although atopic dermatitis is related to allergies, eliminating allergens is rarely helpful in clearing the condition. Occasionally, items that trap dust  such as feather pillows, down comforters, mattresses, carpeting and drapes  can worsen the condition. Allergy shots usually aren\'t successful in treating atopic dermatitis. Light therapy (phototherapy) As the name suggests, this treatment uses natural or artificial light. The simplest and easiest form of phototherapy involves exposing your skin to controlled amounts of natural sunlight. Other forms of light therapy include the use of artificial ultraviolet A (UVA) or ultraviolet B (UVB) light including the more recently available narrow band ultraviolet B (NBUVB) either alone or with medications. Though effective, long-term light therapy has many harmful effects, including premature skin aging and an increased risk of skin cancer.
atopic dermatitis
 The right medications for Asthma depend on a number of things, including age,  symptoms, asthma triggers and what seems to work best to keep the asthma under control. Preventive, long-term control medications reduce the inflammation in the airways that leads to symptoms. Quick-relief inhalers (bronchodilators) quickly open swollen airways that are limiting breathing. Types of long-term control medications include: Inhaled corticosteroids.  These medications include fluticasone, budesonide, mometasone, ciclesonide, flunisolide, beclomethasone and others.

Leukotriene modifiers are oral medications (including montelukast , zafirlukast and zileutonhelp relieve asthma symptoms for up to 24 hour. These medication may have more severe side effects.

Long-acting beta agonists are inhaled medications, which include salmeterol and formoterol, open the airways and reduce inflammation.

Some research shows that thesse may increase the risk of a severe asthma attack, so take them only in combination with an inhaled corticosteroid.

Combination inhalers are medications such as fluticasone-salmeterol, budesonide-formoterol and mometasone-formoterol which contain a long-acting beta agonist along with a corticosteroid.

Because these combination inhalers contain long-acting beta agonists, they may increase the risk of having a severe asthma attack.

 A variety of asthma inhalers are available to help control asthma symptoms in adults and children.

Theophylline is a daily pill that helps keep the airways open (bronchodilator) by relaxing the muscles around the airways. It's not used as often now as in past years.



 Most asthma medications can be safely used during pregnancy. 

Not all medications are  approved for use in children by the FDA, but the doctor may prescribe them based on judgment of what\'s likely to work best for the child.
atopic dermatitis
 Asthma is a chronic disease that affects the airways. This can cause wheezing, coughing, chest tightness and trouble breathing, especially early in the morning or at night. Asthma is treated with two kinds of medicines: quick-relief medicines to stop asthma symptoms and long-term control medicines to prevent symptoms. 

 Quick-relief medications are used as needed for rapid, short-term symptom relief during an asthma attack such as Short-acting beta agonists. When inhaled, quick-relief bronchodilators act within minutes to rapidly ease symptoms during an asthma attack. 

Many people with asthma need to take long-term control medications on a daily basis. Oral and intravenous corticosteroids such as prednisone and methylprednisolone relieve airway inflammation caused by severe asthma. They can cause serious side effects when used long term, so they're used only on a short-term basis to treat severe asthma symptoms. 

Regular use of inhaled corticosteroids helps keep asthma attacks and other problems linked to poorly controlled asthma in check.  In children, long-term use of inhaled corticosteroids may slightly delay growth, but the benefits of using these medications to maintain good asthma control generally outweigh their risks. Some inhaled asthma medication combinations contain both a corticosteroid and a bronchodilator.

 As with other LABA medications, these inhalers may increase your risk of having a severe asthma attack and should be used with caution.

Allergy medications may help if asthma is triggered or worsened by allergies. Over time, allergy shots gradually reduce the immune system reaction to specific allergens.


atopic dermatitis
 Quick-relief (rescue) medications are used as needed for rapid, short-term symptom relief during an asthma attack  or before exercise if your doctor recommends it. Types of quick-relief medications include:  Short-acting beta agonists. These inhaled, quick-relief bronchodilators act within minutes to rapidly ease symptoms during an asthma attack. Short-acting beta agonists can be taken using a portable, hand-held inhaler or a nebulizer  a machine that converts asthma medications to a fine mist, so they can be inhaled through a face mask or a mouthpiece. Like other bronchodilators, ipratropium acts quickly to immediately relax your airways, making it easier to breathe. Ipratropium is mostly used for emphysema and chronic bronchitis, but it\'s sometimes used to treat asthma attacks. Oral and intravenous corticosteroids. These medications  which include prednisone and methylprednisolone  relieve airway inflammation caused by severe asthma. They can cause serious side effects when used long term, so they\'re used only on a short-term basis to treat severe asthma symptoms. If you have an asthma flare-up, a quick-relief inhaler can ease your symptoms right away. But if your long-term control medications are working properly, you shouldn\'t need to use your quick-relief inhaler very often. Keep a record of how many puffs you use each week. If you need to use your quick-relief inhaler more often than your doctor recommends, see your doctor.
atopic dermatitis
Asthma is a chronic  lung disease that inflames and narrows the airways. In asthma, the inside walls of airways tubes become sore and swollen and the lungs do not get enough air. Cells in the airways may make more mucus than normal. This chain reaction can result in asthma symptoms. Symptoms may include wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath, and coughing. When symptoms get more intense and additional symptoms occur, this is an asthma attack. Severe attacks may require emergency care, and they can cause death.

Allergy-induced asthma is triggered by exposure to an allergen in the environment  such as pollen, dust mites and pet dander. In some people, skin or food allergies can cause asthma symptoms. An allergic response occurs when immune system chemicals (antibodies) mistakenly identify a harmless substance such as tree pollen as a dangerous invader. In an attempt to protect the body from the substance, antibodies attack the allergen. Some treatment can reduce both asthma and allergy symptoms, but most are designed to treat either one or the other. Allergy shots can help treat asthma by gradually reducing the  immune system response to certain allergy triggers. 

A hygiene hypothesis assumes that the Western lifestyle which emphasises hygiene and sanitation has resulted in changes in living conditions and an overall decline in infections in early childhood. This affects the way that young children's immune systems develop, and it may increase their risk for atopy and asthma. 

Asthma is treated with two kinds of medicines: quick-relief to stop asthma symptoms and long-term control to prevent symptoms. 
atopic dermatitis
Asthma is a chronic lung disease that inflames and narrows the airways. Asthma causes recurring periods of wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath, and coughing.

Allergies occur when the immune system reacts to a foreign substance such as pollen, bee venom or pet dander. Inflaming the: skin, sinuses, airways or digestive system.

Allergies and asthma often occur together. Indoor allergens and irritants play a significant role in triggering asthma attacks. Allergic asthma is characterized by symptoms that are triggered by an allergic reaction. Exposure to dust mites can cause asthma in children who have not previously exhibited asthma symptoms. Allergic asthma is airway obstruction and inflammation that is partially reversible with medication. It is the most common form of asthma, affecting over 50% of the 20 million asthma sufferers.Over 2.5 million children under age 18 suffer from it.

Atopic dermatitis is a common, often long-lasting skin disease that affects a large percentage of the world's population.  It is a special type of allergic hypersensitivity that includes a triad of conditions that includes asthma, inhalant allergies, and a chronic dermatitis.

Some treatment can reduce both asthma and allergy symptoms, but most are designed to treat either one or the other. Montelukast (Singulair) is a medication that eases both allergy and asthma symptoms. Allergy shots can help treat asthma by gradually reducing the immune system response to certain allergy triggers. Recognizing and avoiding the allergic substances that trigger the symptoms is the most important step. 

   
atopic dermatitis
Allergies and asthma often occur together. The same substances that trigger your hay fever symptoms may also cause asthma signs and symptoms such as shortness of breath, wheezing and chest tightness. This is called allergic asthma or allergy-induced asthma. Substances such as pollen, dust mites and pet dander are common triggers. 



In some people, skin or food allergies can cause asthma symptoms. 

Dogs, cats, rodents (including hamsters and guinea pigs) and other warm-blooded mammals can trigger asthma in individuals with an allergy to animal dander. Some people develop asthma because of contact with certain chemical irritants or industrial dusts in the workplace. This type of asthma is called occupational asthma. 



Some treatment can reduce both asthma and allergy symptoms, but most are designed to treat either one or the other. 

If your asthma symptoms are clearly related to allergens, and you can\'t avoid exposure to those allergens, your doctor may advise you to get allergy shots. Allergy shots can help treat asthma by gradually reducing your immune system response to certain allergy triggers. However, recognizing and avoiding the allergic substances that trigger your symptoms is the most important step you can take. 



Asthma is a long-term disease that has no cure. Symptoms of asthma or allergy also may improve on their own as an illness (like a cold or flu) runs its course. Hypnosis might give people with asthma or allergies more self-discipline to follow good health practices.  


atopic dermatitis
 Most, but not all, people who have asthma have allergies. Allergens Animal Dander Allergies occur when your immune system reacts to a foreign substance such as pollen, bee venom or pet dander.This is called allergic asthma or allergy-induced asthma. Allergies and asthma often occur together.  Common allergy triggers include:  Airborne allergens, such as pollen, animal dander, dust mites and mold Certain foods, particularly peanuts, tree nuts, wheat, soy, fish, shellfish, eggs and milk Insect stings, such as bee stings or wasp stings Medications, particularly penicillin or penicillin-based antibiotics Latex or other substances you touch, which can cause allergic skin reactions. Allergies and asthma often occur together. This is called allergic asthma or allergy-induced asthma. The same substances that trigger your hay fever symptoms may also cause asthma signs and symptoms such as shortness of breath, wheezing and chest tightness. In many cases, asthma is triggered by exposure to an allergen in the environment (allergy-induced asthma). If you have an allergy, you're more likely to have asthma  an immune system reaction that affects the airways and breathing.  In many cases, asthma is triggered by exposure to an allergen in the environment (allergy-induced asthma). A few treatments can help with both conditions.
atopic dermatitis
 Molds are microscopic fungi that live on plant and animal matter. Molds can be found almost anywhere when moisture is present. Mold spores float through the indoor and outdoor air continually. For people sensitive to molds, inhaling mold spores can trigger an asthma attack.  Mold is among the most hazardous household substances for people with allergies and asthma. They also can reach the lungs, to cause asthma or another serious illness called allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. If you have an allergy, you\'re more likely to have asthma  an immune system reaction that affects the airways and breathing. In many cases, asthma is triggered by exposure to an allergen in the environment (allergy-induced asthma). How To Control Things That Make Your Asthma Worse: Indoor Mold Fix leaky faucets, pipes, or other sources of water that have mold around them. Clean moldy surfaces with a cleaner that has bleach in it. Stay indoors with windows closed from late morning to afternoon, if you can. Clean damp areas in the bath, kitchen and around the house to keep mold spores from developing. Get rid of moldy leaves or damp firewood in the yard.
atopic dermatitis
  An allergy is triggered when the immune system mistakes a normally harmless substance for a dangerous invader. The immune system produces antibodies that are always on the alert for your particular allergen. When you\'re exposed to the allergen again in the future, these antibodies release a number of immune system chemicals, such as histamine, that cause allergy symptoms.Researchers think some genetic and environmental factors interact to cause asthma, most often early in life including:  hereditary (from parents), tendency (atopy), respiratory infections, exposure or contact to some airborne allergens or viral infections in early childhood,  exposure to irritants.

The same factors may affect people differently. 

Researchers explore Hygiene Hypothesis which claims that the hygienic lifestyle of the west reduce the exposure of children to infections and therefore the immune system is not practiced and tends to develop allergies. 



 Indoor allergies (perennial allergic rhinitis [PAR]/nasal allergies) occur when allergens that are commonly found indoors are inhaled into the nose and the lungs causing allergic reactions. Other common triggers include:  Airborne allergens (pollen, animal dander, dust mites and mold) Certain foods, particularly peanuts, tree nuts, wheat, soy, fish, shellfish, eggs and milk. Insect stings, such as bee stings or wasp stings, Certain proteins are found in cockroach feces and saliva and can cause allergic reactions or trigger asthma. Medications, particularly penicillin or penicillin-based antibiotics Latex or other substances you touch, which can cause allergic skin reactions. Smoke from wood-burning stoves and fireplaces contain a mixture of harmful gases and small particles.
atopic dermatitis
An allergy starts when the immune system mistakes a normally harmless substance for a dangerous invader and produces antibodies that are always on the alert for your particular allergen. When you're exposed to the allergen again in the future, these antibodies release a number of immune system chemicals, such as histamine, that cause allergy symptoms. Having an allergy increases the risk of certain medical problems, such as a runny nose, sneezing, itching, rashes, swelling, including Asthma (an immune system reaction that affects the airways and breathing). In many cases, allergies and asthma often occur together. So, If you have an allergy, you're more likely to have asthma. Asthma is triggered by exposure to an allergen in the environment (called allergy-induced asthma or allergic asthma). Allergic asthma is the most common form of asthma, affecting over 50% of the 20 million asthma sufferers. Substances such as pollen, dust mites, mold and pet dander are common triggers. In some people, skin or food allergies can cause asthma symptoms. The severity of allergies varies from person to person and can range from minor irritation to anaphylaxis a potentially life-threatening emergency. If you have asthma, you may react to just one trigger or you may find that several things act as triggers. With today's knowledge and treatments, most people who have asthma are able to manage the disease. However, recognizing and avoiding the allergic substances that trigger your symptoms is the most important step you can take.
atopic dermatitis
 Asthma is a chronic disease that affects your airways. Your airways are tubes that carry air in and out of your lungs. If you have asthma, the inside walls of your airways become sore and swollen. That makes them very sensitive, and they may react strongly to things that you are allergic to or find irritating. When your airways react, they get narrower and your lungs get less air. This can cause wheezing, coughing, chest tightness and trouble breathing, especially early in the morning or at night. When your asthma symptoms become worse than usual, it's called an asthma attack .The exact cause of asthma isn't known, Different factors may be more likely to cause asthma in some people  than in others.Researchers think some genetic and environmental factors interact to cause asthma, most often early in life. These factors include: An inherited tendency to develop allergies, called atopy (AT-o-pe), Parents who have asthma, Certain respiratory infections during childhood, Contact with some airborne allergens or exposure to some viral infections in infancy or in early childhood when the immune system is developing. If you have asthma, you may react to just one trigger or you may find that several things act as triggers. (Triggers are things that can cause asthma symptoms)  If you have asthma, you may react to just one trigger or you may find that several things act as triggers. Some common triggers are: Getting a cold or flu Pollen, dust and animals (especially cats) Cold weather, Smoking, Exercise.   
atopic dermatitis
What Is Mold Allergy? Mold and mildew are fungi. They differ from plants or animals in how they reproduce and grow. The "seeds" called spores, are spread by the wind outdoors and by air indoors. Some spores are released in dry, windy weather and others are released with the fog or dew when humidity is high. Inhaling the spores causes allergic reactions in some people. Although there are many types of molds, only a few dozen cause allergic reactions.

Mold spores can deposit on the lining of the nose and cause high fever symptoms.They also can reach the lungs, to cause asthma or another serious illness called allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. It is common for people to be at greater risk of developing mold allergy if they or other family members are allergic to substances such as pollen or animal dander or if their occupations includ more exposure to mold (for example: Farmers, dairymen, loggers, bakers, mill workers, carpenters, greenhouse employees, wine makers and furniture repairers). The symptoms of mold allergy are very similar to the symptoms of other allergies, such as sneezing, itching, nasal discharge, congestion and dry, scaling skin. In some people with allergy, irritation alone can cause a reaction. To diagnose an allergy to mold or fungi, the doctor will take a complete medical history, skin tests and use the physical examination all together. How Is Mold Allergy Treated? As with most allergies, patients should take some actions to avoid contact with the spores (for example: Wear a dust mask when cutting grass, digging around plants, picking up leaves, disturbing other plant materials and reduce the humidity indoors to 35%). 
atopic dermatitis
 Molds are microscopic fungi that live on plant and animal matter. When mold spores land on damp places indoors, they may begin growing.

 Mold can trigger asthma attacks and allergic reactions (such as hay fever or eczema), and cause health problems in people without those conditions. Mold grows in humid, damp environments, so the best way to prevent and control indoor mold is to keep your home as dry and ventilated as possible. Mold spores can deposit on the lining of the nose and cause hay fever symptoms. They also can reach the lungs, to cause asthma or another serious illness called allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis.



The symptoms of mold allergy are very similar to the symptoms of other allergies, such as sneezing, itching, nasal discharge, congestion and dry, scaling skin. Some people with mold allergies may have symptoms the entire summer because of outdoor molds or year-round if symptoms are due to indoor molds. 



For diagnosis doctors use patient's medical history, skin testing results, and physical examination.  



Prognosis: Allergies cannot be cured, symptoms of the allergy can be reduced by avoiding contact with the spores. Mold quantity in the air can measured help  the carrier decide if to stay in a place.



Treatment: avoid contact with the spores, wear a dust mask when exposure may occur, reduce the humidity indoors. Medications include antihistamines and decongestants, or prescribed non-sedating antihistamines if continuous consumption of antihistamines cause drowsiness. For moderate and severe allergy symptoms, your doctor may prescribe corticosteroid nasal sprays. 
atopic dermatitis
 Asthma is commonly divided into two types: allergic (extrinsic) asthma and non-allergic (intrinsic) asthma. Researchers think a combination of factors (family genes and certain environmental exposures) interact to cause asthma. Asthma triggers are different from person to person and can include:  Airborne allergens, such as pollen, animal dander, mold, cockroaches and dust mites Allergic reactions to some foods, such as peanuts or shellfish Respiratory infections, such as the common cold Physical activity (exercise-induced asthma) Cold air Air pollutants and irritants, such as smoke Certain medications, including beta blockers, aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin, others) and naproxen (Aleve) Strong emotions and stress Sulfites and preservatives added to some types of foods and beverages Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), a condition in which stomach acids back up into your throat Menstrual cycle in some women. If you have an allergy, you\'re more likely to have asthma  an immune system reaction that affects the airways and breathing.
atopic dermatitis
Allergic (extrinsic) asthma is characterized by symptoms that are triggered by an allergic reaction; it is an airway obstruction and inflammation that is partially reversible with medication.

Asthma, a chronic lung disease, inflames and narrows the airways that react and tighten strongly to certain substances that are breathed in. Cells in the airways make more mucus than normal. Symptoms may include wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath, and coughing, can be mild or can get worse and intense, and cause an asthma attack which require emergency care, and can even cause death. It is more common in childhood and tends to affect boys more than girls.

Allergies and asthma often occur together. Substances such as pollen, dust mites and pet dander are common triggers. In some people, skin or food allergies can cause asthma symptoms.

 An allergic response occurs when immune system chemicals (antibodies) mistakenly identify a harmless substance such as tree pollen as a dangerous invader. The chemicals released by your immune system lead to allergy signs and symptoms, such as nasal congestion, runny nose, itchy eyes or skin reactions. For some people, this same reaction also affects the lungs and airways, leading to asthma symptoms. Some treatment can reduce both asthma and allergy symptoms, but most are designed to treat either one or the other. However, recognizing and avoiding the allergic substances that trigger symptoms is the most important step to take.

Allergy medications include oral and nasal spray antihistamines and decongestants as well as corticosteroid and cromolyn nasal sprays.  
atopic dermatitis
Asthma is a chronic (long-term), non-curable lung disease that inflames and narrows the airways. This makes the airways swollen and very sensitive. The airways tend to react strongly to certain substances that are breathed in. When the airways react, the muscles around them tighten the airways narrow and less air flows to the lungs. The swelling also can worsen the airways condition, by making them even narrower. As of 2009, 300 million people worldwide were affected by asthma leading to approximately 250,000 deaths per year. More boys have asthma than girls, but more women have it than men. For some people, asthma is a minor nuisance and for others it can be a major problem that interferes with daily activities and may lead to a life-threatening asthma attack. What Causes Asthma? The exact cause of asthma is unknown. Researchers think some genetic and environmental factors interact to cause asthma, most often early in life. These factors include: An inherited tendency to develop allergies, called atopy (AT-o-pe), Parents who have asthma, Certain respiratory infections during childhood, Contact with some airborne allergens or exposure to some viral infections in infancy or in early childhood when the immune system is developing If asthma or atopy runs in your family, exposure to irritants (for example, tobacco smoke), Having a mother who smoked while pregnant, Being overweight, Exposure to pollution, Exposure to occupational triggers (such as chemicals used in farming), hairdressing and manufacturing, Low birth weight, animal dander, dust mites and mold Certain foods, Insect stings, Medications, Latex or other substances you touch, which can cause allergic skin reactions. However, more research is needed to determine what role they may play in developing asthma. 
atopic dermatitis
 Allergic asthma is the most common form of asthma, affecting over 50% of the 20 million asthma sufferers.Over 2.5 million children under age 18 suffer from allergic asthma. Many of the symptoms of allergic and non-allergic asthma are the same (coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath or rapid breathing, and chest tightness). However, allergic asthma is triggered by inhaled allergens such as dust mite allergen, pet dander, pollen, mold, etc. resulting in asthma symptoms. An allergic response occurs when immune system chemicals (antibodies) mistakenly identify a harmless substance as a dangerous invader. In an attempt to protect your body from the substance, antibodies attack the allergen. The chemicals released by your immune system lead to allergy signs and symptoms, such as nasal congestion, runny nose, itchy eyes or skin reactions. For some people, this same reaction also affects the lungs and airways, leading to asthma symptoms. Common allergy triggers include:  Airborne allergens, animal dander, dust mites and mold. Certain foods, Insect stings and certain Medications. While allergies can't be cured, a number of treatments can help relieve your allergy symptoms. A few treatments can help with both conditions. For example:  Leukotriene modifier- a daily pill that helps control your immune system chemicals released during an allergic reaction, Allergy shots (immunotherapy) that can help treat asthma by gradually reducing your immune system response to certain allergy triggers. Your immune system builds up a tolerance to the allergens over time, and your allergic reactions diminish. In turn, asthma symptoms decrease as well.
atopic dermatitis
 Molds are microscopic fungi that live on plant and animal matter. They among the most hazardous household substances for people with allergies and asthma. Fungi differ from plants or animals in how they reproduce and grow. Their "seeds", called spores, are spread by the wind outdoors and by air indoors.  Some spores are released in dry, windy weather. Others are released with the fog or dew when humidity is high. Inhaling the spores can trigger asthma attacks and allergic reactions (such as hay fever or eczema), and it can even cause health problems in people without those conditions. Allergic symptoms from fungus spores are most common from July to late summer, But with fungi growing in so many places, allergic reactions can occur year round. The symptoms are very similar to the symptoms of other allergies, such as sneezing, itching, nasal discharge, congestion and dry, scaling skin.  It is common for people to get mold allergy if they or other family members are allergic to substances such as pollen or animal dander. Some people with mold allergies may have allergy symptoms the entire summer because of outdoor molds or year-round if symptoms are due to indoor molds. Molds can reach the lungs, to cause asthma or another serious illness called allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. Sometimes the reaction is immediate, and sometimes the reaction is delayed. Symptoms often worsen in a damp or moldy room such as a basement; this may suggest mold allergy.
atopic dermatitis
 Having asthma doesn\'t mean you have to be less active. Treatment can prevent asthma attacks and control symptoms during activity. If you already know you have EIA, or chronic asthma here is some advice to help prevent symptoms: Take two puffs of your blue reliever inhaler before warming up Do some warm-up exercise e.g. gentle exercises and stretching for 5-10 minutes. This will help to increase your heart and breathing rates gradually lessening the effects of the cold air Now you are ready to start  If you experience symptoms during playing sport/exercising: STOP and take some slow, deep breaths Take four puffs of blue inhaler (one at a time), using a spacer if accessible Return to activity if you are free of symptoms  If your symptoms continue or return after your recommence, repeat inhaler instructions and see a doctor as soon as possible. If you exercise in cold temperatures, wear a face mask to warm the air you breathe. Being active is important for people with asthma as it helps in the management of the condition. Exercise helps to strengthen the muscles used for breathing, and over time may even help to improve your EIA symptoms. Inspiratory muscle training This technique helps strengthen lung muscles with a series of breathing exercises. Breathing exercises Breathing techniques for asthma have been around for years, but many health providers remain skeptical about them. Nonetheless, in a number of studies, people who did breathing exercises reported improved symptoms.
atopic dermatitis
The symptoms with which chronic asthma presents are cough, breathlessness, chest tightness, or wheezing and are caused by the airways in the lungs narrowing. In addition to chronic asthma another condition is Exercise Induced Asthma or (EIA) when physical activities is the only trigger causing narrowing of the airways, and producing the symptoms of asthma.

 Exercise Induced Asthma Exercise induced asthma is a relatively common problem that can go undiagnosed, as some attribute their symptoms to being unfit.    During exercise it is necessary to breath through our mouths, enabling us to acquire the large amounts of air needed to sustain the increased level of energy. In susceptible airways when we breathe air that is unfiltered, dry and cold it causes bronchoconstriction (narrowing of the airways), producing the symptoms of asthma chest tightness, wheeze/cough and breathlessness. Being active is important for people with asthma as it helps in the management of the condition. Exercise helps to strengthen the muscles used for breathing, and over time may even help to improve EIA symptoms. Frequent or severe symptoms due to physical activity may suggest poorly controlled asthma and the need to either start or increase long-term control medicines that reduce inflammation. This will help prevent exercise-related symptoms. Easing into physical activity with a warmup period may be helpful. If you use your asthma medicines as your doctor directs, you should be able to take part in any physical activity or sport you choose.
atopic dermatitis
 Exercise Induced Asthma Exercise induced asthma is a relatively common problem that can go undiagnosed, as some attribute their symptoms to being unfit. During exercise it is necessary to breath through our mouths, enabling us to acquire the large amounts of air needed to sustain the increased level of energy. In susceptible airways when we breathe air that is unfiltered, dry and cold it causes bronchoconstriction (narrowing of the airways), producing the symptoms of asthma chest tightness, wheeze/cough and breathlessness. If you have any of these symptoms during or after playing sport or exercising/activities, you may be experiencing EIA: Shortness of breath a few minutes after starting to exercise/play sport Tight feeling in chest while playing a sport/ exercising/active Stopping exercise/sport/activity because you feel unwell Wheezing and/or coughing  If you think you may have any of the signs of EIA and have not been diagnosed with asthma, please contact your family doctor for advice. Being active is important for people with asthma as it helps in the management of the condition. Exercise helps to strengthen the muscles used for breathing, and over time may even help to improve your EIA symptoms. If you have chronic asthma it is important that you participate in sports/exercise to help in the management of asthma. If you already know you have EIA, or chronic asthma here is some advice to help prevent symptoms: Take two puffs of your blue reliever inhaler before warming up Do some warm-up exercise e.g. gentle exercises and stretching for 5-10 minutes.
atopic dermatitis
The treatment for Atopic termatits varies and depends on the severity of your case and your age. Tacrolimus and pimecrolimus ointments are powerful topical medicated creams that are used for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. They are not particularly effective in patients with severe disease and are best used on the faces of children.For mild to moderate dermatitis in older children (over 12 years old) and adults Phototherapy is sometime used. Its a treatment with light that uses ultraviolet A or B light waves or a combination of both. Photochemotherapy, a combination of ultraviolet light therapy and a drug called psoralen, can also be used in cases that are resistant to phototherapy alone. Oral antihistamines, such as Benadryl or Atarax, can be used to treat itch associated with atopic dermatitis. However, that they can cause sleepiness and may not help in all cases.For more severe falers of atopic dermatitis, Oral corticosteroids, such as prednisone, prednisolone, and medrol, may be used. They are used if the rash covers a large part of the body and face, but they are often prescribed for a short course (5 days) to calm the rash due to numerous side effects. For more mild cases, Shampoos and soaps containing coal tar can help but use should stop immediately if there is any increase in itching or redness of the rash. if you have a bacterial skin infection or an open sore or fissure caused by scratching,  You may need antibiotics.
atopic dermatitis
Many of the medications used to treat Atopic dermatitis have side effects that are important to know about. Oral antihistamines, such as Benadryl (diphenhydramine) or Atarax (hydroxyzine), are used to treat itch associated with atopic dermatitis can cause sleepiness and may not help in all cases of atopic dermatitis. Antihistamine creams should not be used on atopic dermatitis rashes because they contain chemicals that can actually worsen the rash. Possible side effects for Corticosteroids include:  Thinning of the skin, Skin infections Growth suppression in children (with long-term oral prednisone), Stretch marks on the skin,  Possible side effects for Nonsteroidal Topical Immunomodulators include:  Temporary mild warmth, burning, or itching  Side effects for Antihistamines include:  Drowsiness, Dry mouth, nose, or throat.    Corticosteroids can be absorbed through the skin and cause problems throughout the body. Side effects include headache, indigestion, increased appetite, restlessness, and increased risk of infection.Using topical corticosteroids on the face can result in enlarged blood vessels (telangiectasias), bruising, acne, and stretch marks (striae).     Coal tar, actually made by melting coal, that has long been a treatment for a variety of skin, can be very irritating to already inflamed skin.Long term Light therapy,Though effective, has many harmful effects, including premature skin aging and an increased risk of skin cancer. 
atopic dermatitis
Treatments for atopic dermatitis (eczema) aim to reduce inflammation, relieve itching and prevent future flare-ups. Over-the-counter (nonprescription) anti-itch creams and other self-care measures may help control mild atopic dermatitis. An example for nonprescription cream is low-potency corticosteroid creams, but you should always talk to your doctor before using any topical corticosteroid. Your doctor may recommend prescription corticosteroid creams or ointments to ease scaling and relieve itching. There are side effects of long-term or repeated use of these creams. You may need antibiotics if you have a bacterial skin infection or an open sore or fissure caused by scratching. Your doctor may recommend taking antibiotics for a short time to treat an infection or for longer periods of time to reduce bacteria on your skin and to prevent recurrent infections. If itching is severe, oral antihistamines may help, such as Benadryl (diphenhydramine) or Atarax (hydroxyzine). For more severe cases, your doctor may prescribe oral corticosteroids, such as prednisone, or an intramuscular injection of corticosteroids to reduce inflammation and to control symptoms. These medications are effective, but can't be used long term because of potential serious side effects. A class of medications called immunomodulators, such as tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel), affect the immune system and may help maintain normal skin texture and reduce flares of atopic dermatitis. This prescription-only medications is approved for children older than 2 and for adults. They are not particularly effective in patients with severe disease, with possible concerns about their effect on the immune system and are best used on the faces of children. There is also the possibility to get allergy shots, but usually they aren't successful in treating atopic dermatitis.
atopic dermatitis
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin. It is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another. The word dermatitis means inflammation of the skin. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, and finally, crusting and scaling. In most cases, there are periods of time when the disease is worse (called exacerbations or flares) followed by periods when the skin improves or clears up entirely (called remissions). As some children with atopic dermatitis grow older, their skin disease improves or disappears altogether, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood. Atopic dermatitis is often referred to as eczema, which is a general term for the several types of inflammation of the skin. Atopic dermatitis is the most common of the many types of eczema.
atopic dermatitis
There are some side effects of different medications. Topical corticosteroids include the following: A burning sensation, itching, irritation, dryness, or redness may develop in the area where the medicine is applied. Using topical corticosteroids on the face can result in enlarged blood vessels (telangiectasias), bruising, acne, and stretch marks (striae). With long-term use, high-strength topical corticosteroids cause temporary thinning of the skin, making it more easily irritated. But when used carefully and mostly in low-strength doses, topical corticosteroids can be used for up to 10 years without severe side effects. Corticosteroids can be absorbed through the skin and cause problems throughout the body. Side effects include headache, indigestion, increased appetite, restlessness, increased risk of infection, thinning of the skin, skin infections, growth suppression in children (with long-term oral prednisone), stretch marks on the skin, thinning of the bones, and suppression of the immune system. If your skin rash gets worse or if you have blurred vision, increased urination, excessive thirst, or mood changes, see your doctor. Side effects are associated with long-term use of corticosteroids. You and your doctor must watch for side effects and weigh them against the potential benefit of corticosteroid treatment. Though they may clear atopic dermatitis well, the side effects are too risky to warrant using them as a first-line treatment. Possible side effects for nonsteroidal topical immunomodulators include: temporary mild warmth, burning or itching. Side effects for antihistamines include: drowsiness (do not drive a car or operate heavy machinery until you know how these drugs affect you), dry mouth, nose or throat.  Antihistamine creams should not be used on atopic dermatitis rashes because they contain chemicals that can actually worsen the rash.
atopic dermatitis
 Atopic dermatitis is the most common of the many types of eczema. Its a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin. Its a distinct condition in persons who are genetically predisposed to developing immunoglobulin (Ig) E-mediated hypersensitivity reactions. Atopic dernatitis is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another. The word dermatitis means inflammation of the skin. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, and finally, crusting and scaling. In most cases, there are periods of time when the disease is worse (called exacerbations or flares) followed by periods when the skin improves or clears up entirely (called remissions).  Although atopic dermatitis can occur in any age, most often it affects infants and young children. In some the skin disease improves or disappears altogether with age, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood.  The cause of atopic dermatitis is not known, but the disease seems to result from a combination of genetic (hereditary) and environmental factors. There seems to be a basic hypersensitivity and an increased tendency toward itching. While emotional factors and stress may in some cases exacerbate or initiate the condition, they do not seem to be a primary or underlying cause for the disorder. 
atopic dermatitis
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin and a large percentage of the world's population. It is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another, unless they have active skin infections. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. Atopic dermatitis is often referred to as eczema, which is a general term for the several types of inflammation of the skin. Atopic dermatitis is the most common of the many types of eczema. In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. The cause of atopic dermatitis is not known, but the disease seems to result from a combination of genetic (hereditary) and environmental factors. A wide range of environmental factors, such as contact allergens, stress, food, skin flora and humidity, play roles in the development and severity of atopic dermatitis. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, and finally, crusting and scaling. In most cases, there are periods of time when the disease is worse (called exacerbations or flares) followed by periods when the skin improves or clears up entirely (called remissions). Although atopic dermatitis can occur in any age, most often it affects infants and young children. As some children with atopic dermatitis grow older, their skin disease improves or disappears altogether, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood. Self-care measures, such as avoiding soaps or other irritants and applying creams or ointments, can help relieve itching. Tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel) ointments are powerful and expensive topical medicated creams (drugs that are applied to the skin) that are used for the treatment of atopic dermatitis.
atopic dermatitis
Corticosteroid creams or ointments. Your doctor may recommend prescription corticosteroid creams or ointments to ease scaling and relieve itching. Some low-potency corticosteroid creams are available without a prescription, but you should always talk to your doctor before using any topical corticosteroid. Side effects of long-term or repeated use can include skin irritation or discoloration, thinning of the skin, infections, and stretch marks on the skin. Antibiotics. You may need antibiotics if you have a bacterial skin infection or an open sore or fissure caused by scratching. Your doctor may recommend taking antibiotics for a short time to treat an infection or for longer periods of time to reduce bacteria on your skin and to prevent recurrent infections. Antibiotics. You may need antibiotics if you have a bacterial skin infection or an open sore or fissure caused by scratching. Your doctor may recommend taking antibiotics for a short time to treat an infection or for longer periods of time to reduce bacteria on your skin and to prevent recurrent infections. Oral antihistamines. If itching is severe, oral antihistamines may help. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl, others) can make you sleepy and may be helpful at bedtime. If your skin cracks open, your doctor may prescribe mildly astringent wet dressings to prevent infection. in severe cases your doctor may prescribe oral or injection Corticosteroid such as prednisone, or an intramuscular injection of corticosteroids to reduce inflammation and to control symptoms. those treatments have severe side effects. A class of medications called immunomodulators, such as tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel), affect the immune system and may help maintain normal skin texture.
atopic dermatitis
Oral antihistamines, such as Benadryl (diphenhydramine) or Atarax (hydroxyzine), can be used to treat itch associated with atopic dermatitis. It\'s important to note, however, that they can cause sleepiness and may not help in all cases of atopic dermatitis. Antihistamine creams should not be used on atopic dermatitis rashes because they contain chemicals that can actually worsen the rash. Oral corticosteroids, such as prednisone, prednisolone, and medrol, may be used for more severe flares of atopic dermatitis. They are used if the rash covers a large part of the body and face. Oral steroids used long term have numerous side effects, including weight gain, thinning of the bones, and suppression of the immune system. Though they may clear atopic dermatitis well, the side effects are too risky to warrant using them as a first-line treatment. To avoid these side effects, but still benefit from the medication, oral steroids are often prescribed for a short course (5 days) to calm the rash. Topical steroids can then be used on the remaining rash. Coal tar, actually made by melting coal, has long been a treatment for a variety of skin conditions. Shampoos and soaps containing coal tar can help with mild cases of atopic dermatitis. Coal tar tends to work better on thickened skin that is not scaly, or to ease very early symptoms of itching. However, coal tar can be very irritating to already inflamed skin. It is OK to try coal tar for mild cases of atopic dermatitis, but use should stop immediately if there is any increase in itching or redness of the rash. 
atopic dermatitis
Breathing exercises Breathing techniques for asthma have been around for years, but many health providers remain skeptical about them. They don\'t seem to improve the underlying allergic reaction that causes asthma symptoms. Nonetheless, in a number of studies, people who did breathing exercises reported improved symptoms. Breathing methods vary, but generally involve learning to:  Take breaths less often Take slower breaths Breathe through your nose rather than your mouth Use your abdominal muscles to take deep \"belly breaths\" (diaphragmatic breathing) A few breathing techniques used for asthma include the Buteyko breathing technique and yoga breathing (pranayama). Inspiratory muscle training This technique helps strengthen lung muscles with a series of breathing exercises. It\'s sometimes used for other lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and after certain types of surgery. These exercises definitely strengthen the muscles of your lungs, but there\'s not enough proof to say whether they help with asthma. Massage and chiropractic treatment Although some claim that these treatments help, there\'s no evidence that physical manipulation of the spine or muscles reduces asthma symptoms. Relaxation therapy Relaxation therapy techniques include meditation, biofeedback, hypnosis and progressive muscle relaxation. It\'s unclear whether any of these techniques directly help with asthma, but they do seem to reduce stress and promote a sense of well-being.
atopic dermatitis
If you exercise in cold temperatures, wear a face mask to warm the air you breathe. To help prevent symptoms: Take two puffs of your blue reliever inhaler before warming up Do some warm-up exercise e.g. gentle exercises and stretching for 5-10 minutes. This will help to increase your heart and breathing rates gradually lessening the effects of the cold air Now you are ready to start  If you experience symptoms during playing sport/exercising: STOP and take some slow, deep breaths Take four puffs of blue inhaler (one at a time), using a spacer if accessible Return to activity if you are free of symptoms  If your symptoms continue or return after your recommence, repeat inhaler instructions and see a doctor as soon as possible.  At times, programs for students who have asthma may need to be temporarily modified, such as by varying the type, intensity, duration, and/or frequency of activity. At all times, students who have asthma should be included in activities as much as possible. The good news is that today\'s treatments can successfully control asthma so that most students can participate fully in regular school and childcare activities, including play, sports, and other physical activities.
atopic dermatitis
Exercise induced asthma is a relatively common problem that can go undiagnosed, as some attribute their symptoms to being unfit. It is considered as a non-allergic asthma, where the immune system is not involved in the reaction. Like allergic asthma, it is characterized by airway obstruction and inflammation that is at least partially reversible with medication.

In addition to chronic asthma another condition is Exercise Induced Asthma or (EIA) when physical activities is the only trigger causing narrowing of the airways, and producing the symptoms of asthma such as  cough, breathlessness, chest tightness, or wheezing.

During exercise it is necessary to breath through the mouth and the nose, enabling to acquire the large amounts of air needed to sustain the increased level of energy.

If susceptible airways is unfiltered, dry and cold it causes bronchoconstriction (narrowing of the airways), producing the symptoms of asthma chest tightness, wheeze/cough and breathlessness.

Sympthoms include shortness of breath a few minutes after starting to a strenuous physical activity or a tight feeling in chest which forces one to stop, wheezing and/or coughing.

Exercise provokes symptoms in most children with poorly controlled asthma, the student who has asthma symptoms with physical activity may need to be evaluated by his or her health care provider.

Even for a student who has exercise-induced asthma, the frequent use of quick-relief medication during or after exercise may signal the need to return to his or her health care provider to add a daily long-term control medication or to increase the dosage.
atopic dermatitis
Exercise Induced Asthma Exercise induced asthma is a relatively common problem that can go undiagnosed, as some attribute their symptoms to being unfit. To help you understand the condition and know how to manage it here are a few pointers. The symptoms with which chronic asthma presents are cough, breathlessness, chest tightness, or wheezing and are caused by the airways in the lungs narrowing. Many triggers cause chronic asthma e.g. colds, dust mites and exercise. In addition to chronic asthma another condition is Exercise Induced Asthma or (EIA) when physical activities is the only trigger causing narrowing of the airways, and producing the symptoms of asthma. What happens? When breathing normally air enters our lungs through the nose, where it is warmed, moistened, and filtered. During exercise it is necessary to breath through our mouths, enabling us to acquire the large amounts of air needed to sustain the increased level of energy. In susceptible airways when we breathe air that is unfiltered, dry and cold it causes bronchoconstriction (narrowing of the airways), producing the symptoms of asthma chest tightness, wheeze/cough and breathlessness. How will I know if I have EIA...? If you have any of these symptoms during or after playing sport or exercising/activities, you may be experiencing EIA: Shortness of breath a few minutes after starting to exercise/play sport Tight feeling in chest while playing a sport/ exercising/active Stopping exercise/sport/activity because you feel unwell Wheezing and/or coughing  If you think you may have any of the signs of EIA and have not been diagnosed with asthma, please contact your family doctor for advice.
atopic dermatitis
In addition to chronic asthma another condition is Exercise Induced Asthma or (EIA) when physical activities is the only trigger causing narrowing of the airways, and producing the symptoms of asthma. This condition is Non-Allergic (intrinsic) asthma that triggered by factors not related to allergies, in this case: exercise. Exercise induced asthma is a relatively common problem that can go undiagnosed, as some attribute their symptoms to being unfit. Exercise-induced asthma, may be worse when the air is cold so there is a need to use a quick-relief inhaler more often for some people. If you have any of these symptoms during or after playing sport or exercising/activities, you may be experiencing EIA: shortness of breath a few minutes after starting to exercise/play sport, tight feeling in chest while playing a sport/exercising/active, stopping exercise/sport/activity because you feel unwell Wheezing and/or coughing. If you think you may have any of the signs of EIA and have not been diagnosed with asthma, please contact your family doctor for advice. Being active is important for people with asthma as it helps in the management of the condition. Exercise helps to strengthen the muscles used for breathing, and over time may even help to improve your EIA symptoms.  Physical activity is an important part of a healthy lifestyle. Talk with your doctor about medicines that can help you stay active.
atopic dermatitis
Being active is important for people with asthma as it helps in the management of the condition.
Exercise helps to strengthen the muscles used for breathing, and over time may even help to improve your EIA symptoms.
It is important to participate in sports/exercise when there is chronic asthma, in order to help in the management of asthma.
Some advice to help prevent symptoms while exercising: two puffs of the blue reliever inhaler before warming up, some warm-up exercise e.g. gentle exercises and stretching for 5-10 minutes. This will help to increase the heart and breathing rates gradually lessening the effects of the cold air and only after that to start. If one experiences symptoms during playing sport/exercising, one should stop and take some slow, deep breaths, take four puffs of blue inhaler (one at a time), using a spacer if accessible, then return to activity if you are free of symptoms If your symptoms continue or return after your recommence, repeat inhaler instructions and see a doctor as soon as possible.

Inspiratory muscle training helps strengthen lung muscles with a series of breathing exercises.
It is s sometimes used for other lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and after certain types of surgery. Though, there's not enough proof to say whether they help with asthma.

	
atopic dermatitis
 Prevention and long-term control are key in stopping asthma attacks before they start. Treatment usually involves learning to recognize your triggers and taking steps to avoid them, and tracking your breathing to make sure your daily asthma medications are keeping symptoms under control. In case of an asthma flare-up, you may need to use a quick-relief inhaler, such as albuterol.  The right medications for you depend on a number of things, including your age, symptoms, your asthma triggers and what seems to work best to keep your asthma under control. Preventive, long-term control medications reduce the inflammation in your airways that leads to symptoms.They are taken daily and are the cornerstone of asthma treatment. Quick-relief inhalers (bronchodilators) quickly open swollen airways that are limiting breathing. In some cases, allergy medications are necessary. Long term medications keep asthma under control on a day-to-day basis and make it less likely to have an asthma attack. Types of long-term control medications include:  Inhaled corticosteroids. You may need to use these medications for several days to weeks before they reach their maximum benefit. Quick-relief medications are used as needed for rapid, short-term symptom relief during an asthma attack  or before exercise if your doctor recommends it. Types of quick-relief medications include:  Short-acting beta agonists. These inhaled, quick-relief bronchodilators act within minutes to rapidly ease symptoms during an asthma attack. But if your long-term control medications are working properly, you shouldn't need to use your quick-relief inhaler very often.
atopic dermatitis
 Corticosteroids are medicines that help prevent asthma symptoms occurring by reducing the inflammation in the airways. Cortisone, is part of a family of substances known as steroids which are produced by the body to help it function normally. Corticosteroids were developed from cortisone and are agents that decrease inflammation. The medication is used in several forms, to treat many different conditions. It reduces itching, swelling, redness, and allergic reactions, used in treating skin problems, severe allergies, asthma and arthritis. Inhaled corticosteroids are a maintenance medicine that helps to prevent severe asthma symptoms. They are prescribed for patients of all ages to treat different levels of persistent asthma. They work by dampening down the inflammation in the airways, and are the most effective agents for treating asthma. As a result, asthma symptoms and sudden acute attacks occur less often. To be effective, they need to be taken once or twice every day as prescribed by your doctor. They are of no benefit when used for symptoms, unlike bronchodilators, or when taken on an odd occasion. Common Corticosteroids: Beclozone (Beclomethasone), Flixotide (Fluticasone), Pulmicort (Budesonide). Some preventers may take 3 to 4 weeks to become effective others only take a few days, so it may take some time before you notice a difference in your your asthma. Some people on inhaled corticosteroids may have local side effects such as sore throat, husky voice, thrush (an infection) in the mouth. These side effects can be avoided by using a spacer.
atopic dermatitis
 A variety of asthma inhalers are available to help control asthma symptoms in adults and children. QUICK-RELIEF MEDICATIONS (also known as short-acting bronchodilators) are taken when needed for rapid, short-term relief of asthma symptoms. LONG-TERM CONTROL MEDICATIONS are usually taken daily to control underlying airway inflammation and thereby prevent asthma symptoms.Types of asthma inhalers include:  Metered dose inhalers. Dry powder inhaler. Metered dose inhaler with a spacer.  Take the medication exactly as prescribed. Don't stop taking the medication or adjust the dosage on your own. Types of quick-relief medications include:  Short-acting beta agonists. They include albuterol (ProAir HFA, Ventolin HFA, others), levalbuterol (Xopenex HFA) and pirbuterol (Maxair). Ipratropium (Atrovent). Ipratropium (Atrovent). Like other bronchodilators, ipratropium acts quickly to immediately relax your airways, making it easier to breathe. Oral and intravenous corticosteroids. Allergy medications may help if your asthma is triggered or worsened by allergies. Inhaled corticosteroids These anti-inflammatory drugs are the most effective and commonly used long-term control medications for asthma.
atopic dermatitis
Asthma is a chronic (longterm) lung disease that inflames and narrows the airways. it is can not be cured but its sympthoms can be controlled.  It is treated with two types of medicines:   long term control and quick relief medicines. Long term control medicines help reduce airway inflammation and prevent asthma symptoms. such medicine are doctor prescribes and should be taken daily. Quick relief, or rescue, medicines relieve asthma symptoms when they flare up. an inhaler is a common quick relief medicine. it is important to practice using your inhaler at the doctors office in order to learn the correct usage. Your initial asthma treatment will depend on how severe your disease is. The goal of asthma treatment is to control the disease and prevent asthma attacks. Good asthma control will: 	 Prevent chronic and troublesome symptoms, such as coughing and shortness of breath  	 Reduce your need for quick relief medicines  	 Help you maintain good lung function  	 Let you maintain your normal activity levels and sleep through the night 	 Prevent asthma attacks that could result in  your going to the emergency room or being admitted to the hospital for treatment  To reach this goal, you should actively partner with your doctor to manage the disease and create and follow an asthma action plan. With todays knowledge and treatments, most people who have asthma are able to manage the disease. They have few, if any, symptoms and can live normal, active lives.
atopic dermatitis
 Corticosteroids are medicines that help prevent asthma symptoms occurring by reducing the inflammation in the airways. Cortisone, is part of a family of substances known as steroids which are produced by the body to help it function normally. It reduces itching, swelling, redness, and allergic reactions, used in treating skin problems, severe allergies, asthma and arthritis. Inhaled corticosteroids are prescribed for patients of all ages to treat different levels of persistent asthma. To be effective, they need to be taken once or twice every day as prescribed by your doctor. Inhaled steroids are not addictive. The dose is carefully worked out according to you/your childs weight. Its best to give each dose of steroid with food in the morning, usually at breakfast time. Steroids given by mouth During severe acute asthma episodes you/your child may need a higher dose of corticosteroids to be taken by mouth. A larger dose of steroid taken this way allows the medicine to work faster. These anti-inflammatory drugs are the most effective and commonly used long-term control medications for asthma. Corticosteroids don't generally cause serious side effects. After you use it, rinse your mouth with water, gargle, and spit out. Corticosteroid creams or ointments. Your doctor may recommend prescription corticosteroid creams or ointments to ease scaling and relieve itching. Some people on inhaled corticosteroids may have local side effects such as: sore throat, husky voice, thrush (an infection) in the mouth. Inhaled steroids are not addictive.
atopic dermatitis
 Asthma is a longterm lung disease that cant be cured.It causes inflammation and narrowing of the airways, making them swollen and  very sensitive. That can result in asthma symptoms. Symptoms may include wheezing , chest tightness, shortness of breath, and coughing. When symptoms get more intense and/or additional symptoms occur, this is an asthma attack. Its important to treat symptoms when you first notice them. This will help prevent the symptoms from worsening and causing a severe asthma attack that may require emergency care, and can cause death.  Asthma is treated with two types of medicines:   longterm control and quickrelief medicines. Longterm control medicines help reduce airway inflammation and prevent asthma symptoms. Quickrelief, or rescue, medicines relieve asthma symptoms when they flare up. Your initial asthma treatment will depend on how severe your disease is. Followup asthma treatment will depend on how well your asthma action plan is working to control your symptoms and prevent asthma attacks. The goal of asthma treatment is to control the disease and prevent asthma attacks. Good asthma control will Prevent chronic and troublesome symptoms, such as shortness of breath, Reduce your need for quickrelief medicines, Let you maintain your normal activity levels and sleep through the night and will Prevent severe asthma attacks. To reach this goal, you should actively partner with your doctor to manage the disease and create and follow an asthma action plan. With todays knowledge and treatments, most people who have asthma are able to manage the disease.
atopic dermatitis
 The goal of asthma treatment is to control the disease and prevent asthma attacks. It is treated with two types of medicines: longterm control and quickrelief medicines. Longterm control medicines help reduce airway inflammation and prevent asthma symptoms. Quickrelief, or rescue, medicines relieve asthma symptoms when they flare up. An asthma action plan gives guidance on taking your medicines properly, avoiding factors that worsen your asthma, tracking your level of asthma control, responding to worsening asthma, and seeking emergency care when  needed. Good asthma control will: Prevent chronic and troublesome symptoms, such as coughing and shortness of breath Reduce your need for quickrelief medicines Help you maintain good lung function Let you maintain your normal activity levels and sleep through the night Prevent asthma attacks that could result in  your going to the emergency room or being admitted to the hospital for treatment  To reach this goal, you should actively partner with your doctor to manage the disease and create and follow an asthma action plan. Your initial asthma treatment will depend on how severe your disease is. Asthma can\'t be cured, but its symptoms can be controlled. Because asthma often changes over time, it\'s important that you work with your doctor to track your signs and symptoms and adjust treatment as needed.
atopic dermatitis
Most asthma medications are inhaled as sprays or powders and may be taken using metered-dose inhalers, dry powder inhalers, or nebulizers. A metered-dose inhaler is a pressurized canister that delivers a dose of medication and does not require deep and fast breathing (see Appendix 3 for instructions). A dry powder inhaler is another kind of inhaler that does require deep and fast breathing to get the medication into the lungs (see Appendix 4 for instructions). A nebulizer is a machine that turns liquid medication into a fine mist. Whichever delivery method is used, it is important for patient to take their medications correctly. LONG-TERM CONTROL MEDICATIONS are usually taken daily to control underlying airway inflammation and thereby prevent asthma symptoms. They can significantly reduce a patient need for quick-relief medication. Inhaled corticosteroids are the most effective long-term control medications for asthma. It is important to remember that inhaled corticosteroids are generally safe for long-term use when taken as prescribed. They are not addictive and are not the same as illegal anabolic steroids used by some athletes to build muscles. QUICK-RELIEF MEDICATIONS are taken when needed for rapid, short-term relief of asthma symptoms. They help stop asthma attacks by temporarily relaxing the muscles around the airways. However, they do nothing to treat the underlying airway inflammation that caused the symptoms to flare up. An additional use for quick-relief medications is the prevention of asthma symptoms in patients who have exercise-induced asthma. These patients may be directed  to take their quick-relief medication inhaler 5 minutes before physical activities.
atopic dermatitis
Corticosteroids were developed from cortisone and are agents that decrease inflammation. The medication is used in several forms, to treat many different conditions. It reduces itching, swelling, redness, and allergic reactions, used in treating skin problems, severe allergies, asthma and arthritis. Although corticosteroids are part of the steroid family they are not the same as the anabolic steroids some athletes and body-builders use to enhance their muscles and gain strength. Anabolic steroids can have serious side effects. Inhaled corticosteroids are prescribed for patients of all ages to treat different levels of persistent asthma. They work by dampening down the inflammation in the airways, and are the most effective agents for treating asthma. As a result, asthma symptoms and sudden acute attacks occur less often. To be effective, they need to be taken once or twice every day as prescribed by your doctor. They are of no benefit when used for symptoms, unlike bronchodilators or when taken on an odd occasion. Inhaled corticosteroids are a maintenance medicine that helps to prevent severe asthma symptoms. Common Corticosteroids:      Beclozone (Beclomethasone)\     Flixotide (Fluticasone)     Pulmicort (Budesonide)   Some preventers may take 3 to 4 weeks to become effective others only take a few days, so it may take some time before you notice a difference in your childs or your asthma. You may also notice that the blue inhaler is not needed as often.
atopic dermatitis
Treating atopic dermatitis in infants and children Give brief, lukewarm baths. Apply an emollient immediately following the bath. Keep a child\'s fingernails filed short. Select soft cotton fabrics when choosing clothing. Consider using antihistamines to reduce scratching at night. Keep the child cool; avoid situations where overheating occurs. Learn to recognize skin infections and seek treatment promptly. Attempt to distract the child with activities to keep him or her from scratching. 
Tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel) ointments are powerful and expensive topical medicated creams (drugs that are applied to the skin) that are used for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. They are not particularly effective in patients with severe disease and are best used on the faces of children. Phototherapy is treatment with light that uses ultraviolet A or B light waves or a combination of both. This treatment can be an effective treatment for mild to moderate dermatitis in older children (over 12 years old) and adults. Photochemotherapy, a combination of ultraviolet light therapy and a drug called psoralen, can also be used in cases that are resistant to phototherapy alone. Possible long-term side effects of this treatment include premature skin aging and skin cancer. If the doctor thinks that phototherapy may be useful in treating the symptoms of atopic dermatitis, he or she will use the minimum exposure necessary and monitor the skin carefully.
atopic dermatitis
 Although atopic dermatitis can occur in any age, most often it affects infants and young children. Most children with atopic dermatitis enter into a permanent remission of the disease when they get older, although their skin may remain somewhat dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood. Treating atopic dermatitis in infants and children includes      Giving brief, lukewarm baths and Applying an emollient immediately following the bath, Keeping the child's fingernails filed short, Selecting soft cotton fabrics when choosing clothing. using antihistamines to reduce scratching at night should be considered. The parent should keep the child cool and avoid situations where overheating occurs. He should learn to recognize skin infections and seek treatment promptly. When a child has atopic dermatitis, the entire family situation may be affected. It is important that families have additional support to help them cope with the stress and frustration associated with the disease. The child may be fussy and difficult and often is unable to keep from scratching and rubbing the skin. Distracting the child and providing as many activities that keep the hands busy are key but require effort and work on the part of the parents or caregivers. The child may face difficulty in school or other social relationships and may need additional support and encouragement from family members.
atopic dermatitis
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin. It is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another through skin contact. There is generally no cause for concern in being around someone with even an active case of atopic dermatitis, unless they have active skin infections. The word dermatitis means inflammation of the skin. The term atopic is from the Greek meaning strange. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, and finally, crusting and scaling. In most cases, there are periods of time when the disease is worse (called exacerbations or flares) followed by periods when the skin improves or clears up entirely (called remissions). Atopic dermatitis is often referred to as eczema, which is a general term for the several types of inflammation of the skin. Atopic dermatitis is the most common of the many types of eczema. Although atopic dermatitis can occur in any age, most often it affects infants and young children. Occasionally, it may persist into adulthood or may actually appear at that time. Some patients tend to have a protracted course with various ups and downs. The cause of atopic dermatitis is unknown, but it may result from a combination of inherited tendencies for sensitive skin and malfunction in the body's immune system.
atopic dermatitis
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin. It is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another. The word dermatitis means inflammation of the skin. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, and finally, crusting and scaling. In most cases, there are periods of time when the disease is worse (called exacerbations or flares) followed by periods when the skin improves or clears up entirely (called remissions). As some children with atopic dermatitis grow older, their skin disease improves or disappears altogether, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood. Atopic dermatitis is often referred to as eczema, which is a general term for the several types of inflammation of the skin. Atopic dermatitis is the most common of the many types of eczema.
atopic dermatitis
 Atopic dermatitis is a chronic (long-lasting) disease that affects the skin. It is not contagious; it cannot be passed from one person to another. The word dermatitis means inflammation of the skin. Atopic refers to a group of diseases in which there is often an inherited tendency to develop other allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever. Atopic dermatitis affects a large percentage of the world's population.It is a special type of allergic hypersensitivity that includes a triad of conditions that includes asthma, inhalant allergies (hay fever), and a chronic dermatitis (eczema). In atopic dermatitis, the skin becomes extremely itchy. Scratching leads to redness, swelling, cracking, weeping clear fluid, and finally, crusting and scaling. In most cases, there are periods of time when the disease is worse (called exacerbations or flares) followed by periods when the skin improves or clears up entirely (called remissions). As some children with atopic dermatitis grow older, their skin disease improves or disappears altogether, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood. Atopic dermatitis is the most common of the many types of eczema. There is a known hereditary component of the disease, and it is more common in affected families. Criteria that enable to diagnose it include the typical appearance and distribution of the rash in a patient with a personal or family history of asthma and/or hay fever.
atopic dermatitis
Atopic dermatitis most often begins in childhood before age 5 and may persist into adulthood. Most children with atopic dermatitis enter into a permanent remission of the disease when they get older, although their skin may remain somewhat dry and easily irritated.  For some, it flares periodically and then subsides for a time, even up to several years. Itching may be severe, and scratching the rash can make it even itchier and cause more inflammation. Once the skin barrier is broken, the skin can become infected by bacteria, especially Staphylococcus aureus, which commonly live on the skin. Breaking this itch-scratch cycle can be challenging. When atopic dermatitis occurs in infants, it's called infantile eczema. This condition may continue into childhood and adolescence. Infantile eczema often involves an oozing, crusting rash, mainly on the skin of the face and scalp, but it can occur anywhere. After infancy, the rash becomes dryer and tends to be red to brown-gray in color. In adolescence, the skin may be scaly or thickened and easily irritated. The intense itching may continue. As some children with atopic dermatitis grow older, their skin disease improves or disappears altogether, although their skin often remains dry and easily irritated. In others, atopic dermatitis continues to be a significant problem in adulthood. A class of medications called immunomodulators, such as tacrolimus (Protopic) and pimecrolimus (Elidel), affect the immune system and may help maintain normal skin texture and reduce flares of atopic dermatitis. This prescription-only medication is approved for children older than 2 and for adults.