['SULTANATE OF OMAN MINISTRY OF ENVIRONEMNT AND CLIMATE AFFAIRS SUBMISSION ON INTENDED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTIONS (lNDCs) .tlntroduction The present document ( Oman INDC) has been prepared in coordination with various stakeholders in the country as per the mandate of Conference of the Parties (COP) and by itsdecision 11CP.19, wherein all Parties have been invited to initiate or intensify domestic preparations for their INDCs towards achieving the objective of the Convention as set out in its Article 2. lt takes into consideration the two aspects i.e. mitigation and adaptation.', 'LrSsl olSill eLr.3 +J"il| di+$ill .tSULTANTE OF OMAN MINISTRY OF ENVIRONEMNT AND CLIMATE AFFAIRS SUBMISSION ON INTENDED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTIONS (lNDCs) .tlntroduction The present document ( Oman INDC) has been prepared in coordination with various stakeholders in the country as per the mandate of Conference of the Parties (COP) and by itsdecision 11CP.19, wherein all Parties have been invited to initiate or intensify domestic preparations for their INDCs towards achieving the objective of the Convention as set out in its Article 2. lt takes into consideration the two aspects i.e. mitigation and adaptation. The information in the document are provided as per decision The INDC of Oman Oman provides its INDC based on the following: The implementation of the INDC is conditional to the assistance will be provided by the UNFCCC on finance, capacity buildinq and transfer of technology.', 'The information in the document are provided as per decision The INDC of Oman Oman provides its INDC based on the following: The implementation of the INDC is conditional to the assistance will be provided by the UNFCCC on finance, capacity buildinq and transfer of technology. A INDC o The projections of GHG emissions for Oman are based on the economic and social growth. o ln the absence of INDC, GHG is expected to be 90524 Gg in year 2030; as depicted in the following chart. Oman will control its expected GHG emissions growth by 2o/o to be 88714 Gg during the period from 2020 - 2030 as depicted in the following chart.', 'Oman will control its expected GHG emissions growth by 2o/o to be 88714 Gg during the period from 2020 - 2030 as depicted in the following chart. Total GHG Emission Outturn and Projections (1995-2030)B Type of mitigation contributions o Reduction in Gas flaring from oil industries; o lncrease the share of renewable energy; o lncrease the energy efficiency projects among industries; o Develop new legislation on climate change which will support the adoption of low carbon and energy efficiency technologies. . Reduction of HCFC use in foam and refrigeration sector. c Timeframe or time period D Base year . N/A. o The year 1994 has been considered for the GHG groMh projections in accordance with the lnitial national communication. E Coverage in terms of: Geographical boundaries; Sectors; Greenhouse gases Entire country for the following sectors: .', 'E Coverage in terms of: Geographical boundaries; Sectors; Greenhouse gases Entire country for the following sectors: . Energy; o lndustrial processes; ind Following GHGs will be targeted: . Carbon dioxide (CO2); o Methane (CH ); . Nitrous oxide (N2O); o Hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCS) ); and . Perfluorocarbons (PFCs); F Baseline methodologies IPCC Guidelines G Projected climate impacts and related assumptions The identified climate change impact are. . Tropical cyclone & storm surge, o Flush flooding, o Heat waves, o Sea level rise, o Coastal erosion, o Water scarcity and desertification , o Reduction in fisheiies & impacts on marine environment and agriculture. wasteH Type of adaptation contributions ln addition to the etforts made by the Sultanate on adaptation, further efforts would be made conditional to the fund, capacity building and transfer of technology which will be provided by the UNFCCC.', 'wasteH Type of adaptation contributions ln addition to the etforts made by the Sultanate on adaptation, further efforts would be made conditional to the fund, capacity building and transfer of technology which will be provided by the UNFCCC. The efforts will be in the following areas: o Tropical cyclone, coastal erosion and sea Level rise o Fisheries and marine environment; . Water scarcity and desertification; o Flood protection ; o Energy security; .', 'Water scarcity and desertification; o Flood protection ; o Energy security; . Food security; and o Development of national adaptation strategy on climate impacts I Oman s requirements of Finance, Transfer of Technology and Capacity Building Fund, capacity building and transfer of technology from the UNFCCC will be required by the Sultanate of Oman to make further efforts in the following areas: o Sustainablebuildings; o Development of renewable energy. . Energy efficiency o Low carbon transport initiatives; o Low carbon technologies among the industries; o Methane eecovery from solid waste dumping sites; and o Carbon sinks Adaptation Tropical storms and high wind speeds; Energy sector; Coastal erosion and flooding; Water Sector; Health sector Fisheries and marine environment; and Agriculture Sector 2.']